text: The term comics refers to the comics medium when used as an uncountable noun and thus takes the singular: "comics is a medium" rather than "comics are a medium". When comic appears as a countable noun it refers to instances of the medium, such as individual comic strips or comic books: "Tom's comics are in the basement."

title: Comics

title: Comics

text: The

text: term

text: comics

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: comics

text: medium

text: when

text: used

text: as

text: an

text: uncountable

text: noun

text: and

text: thus

text: takes

text: the

text: singular

text: comics

text: is

text: a

text: medium

text: rather

text: than

text: comics

text: are

text: a

text: medium

text: When

text: comic

text: appears

text: as

text: a

text: countable

text: noun

text: it

text: refers

text: to

text: instances

text: of

text: the

text: medium

text: such

text: as

text: individual

text: comic

text: strips

text: or

text: comic

text: books

text: Tom

text: 's

text: comics

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: basement

question: The term comedies refers to what?

text: comics medium

question: The term comics doesn't refer to what?

text: comics medium

question: When comic appears as a countable verb it refers to what?

text: instances of the medium

question: When comedies appears as a countable noun it refers to what?

text: instances of the medium

question: When comic doesn't appear as a countable noun it refers to what?

text: instances of the medium


text: Universal Studios was founded by Carl Laemmle, Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane[a] and Jules Brulatour. One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the day's takings. Within weeks of his Chicago trip, Laemmle gave up dry goods to buy the first several nickelodeons. For Laemmle and other such entrepreneurs, the creation in 1908 of the Edison-backed Motion Picture Trust meant that exhibitors were expected to pay fees for Trust-produced films they showed. Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition, and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution.

title: Universal_Studios

title: Universal_Studios

text: Universal

text: Studios

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: Carl

text: Laemmle

text: Mark

text: Dintenfass

text: Charles

text: O.

text: Baumann

text: Adam

text: Kessel

text: Pat

text: Powers

text: William

text: Swanson

text: David

text: Horsley

text: Robert

text: H.

text: Cochrane[a

text: and

text: Jules

text: Brulatour

text: One

text: story

text: has

text: Laemmle

text: watching

text: a

text: box

text: office

text: for

text: hours

text: counting

text: patrons

text: and

text: calculating

text: the

text: day

text: 's

text: takings

text: Within

text: weeks

text: of

text: his

text: Chicago

text: trip

text: Laemmle

text: gave

text: up

text: dry

text: goods

text: to

text: buy

text: the

text: first

text: several

text: nickelodeons

text: For

text: Laemmle

text: and

text: other

text: such

text: entrepreneurs

text: the

text: creation

text: in

text: of

text: the

text: Edison

text: backed

text: Motion

text: Picture

text: Trust

text: meant

text: that

text: exhibitors

text: were

text: expected

text: to

text: pay

text: fees

text: for

text: Trust

text: produced

text: films

text: they

text: showed

text: Based

text: on

text: the

text: Latham

text: Loop

text: used

text: in

text: cameras

text: and

text: projectors

text: along

text: with

text: other

text: patents

text: the

text: Trust

text: collected

text: fees

text: on

text: all

text: aspects

text: of

text: movie

text: production

text: and

text: exhibition

text: and

text: attempted

text: to

text: enforce

text: a

text: monopoly

text: on

text: distribution

question: After a trip to what city did Carl Laemmle leave the dry goods business?

answer: Chicago

text: Chicago

question: In what year was the Motion Picture Trust created?

answer: 1908

question: What notable historical figure was involved in the Motion Picture Trust?

answer: Edison

text: Edison

question: For what part of a motion picture projector did the Motion Picture Trust hold a patent?

answer: the Latham Loop

text: the Latham Loop

question: Who founded Universal Studios in Chicago?

question: What was created in 1980?

text: Motion Picture Trust

question: Who back the Motion Trust Picture?

text: Edison

question: Who attempted to enforce a monopoly on cameras and projectors?

text: the Trust


text: In the early Heian period, the late 8th and early 9th centuries, Emperor Kammu sought to consolidate and expand his rule in northern Honshū, but the armies he sent to conquer the rebellious Emishi people lacked motivation and discipline, and failed in their task.[citation needed] Emperor Kammu introduced the title of sei'i-taishōgun (征夷大将軍) or Shogun, and began to rely on the powerful regional clans to conquer the Emishi. Skilled in mounted combat and archery (kyūdō), these clan warriors became the Emperor's preferred tool for putting down rebellions.[citation needed] Though this is the first known use of the "Shogun" title, it was a temporary title, and was not imbued with political power until the 13th century. At this time (the 7th to 9th century) the Imperial Court officials considered them merely a military section under the control of the Imperial Court.

title: Samurai

title: Samurai

text: In

text: the

text: early

text: Heian

text: period

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: Emperor

text: Kammu

text: sought

text: to

text: consolidate

text: and

text: expand

text: his

text: rule

text: in

text: northern

text: Honshū

text: but

text: the

text: armies

text: he

text: sent

text: to

text: conquer

text: the

text: rebellious

text: Emishi

text: people

text: lacked

text: motivation

text: and

text: discipline

text: and

text: failed

text: in

text: their

text: task.[citation

text: needed

text: Emperor

text: Kammu

text: introduced

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: sei'i

text: taishōgun

text: 征夷大将軍

text: or

text: Shogun

text: and

text: began

text: to

text: rely

text: on

text: the

text: powerful

text: regional

text: clans

text: to

text: conquer

text: the

text: Emishi

text: Skilled

text: in

text: mounted

text: combat

text: and

text: archery

text: kyūdō

text: these

text: clan

text: warriors

text: became

text: the

text: Emperor

text: 's

text: preferred

text: tool

text: for

text: putting

text: down

text: rebellions.[citation

text: needed

text: Though

text: this

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: known

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: Shogun

text: title

text: it

text: was

text: a

text: temporary

text: title

text: and

text: was

text: not

text: imbued

text: with

text: political

text: power

text: until

text: the

text: century

text: At

text: this

text: time

text: the

text: to

text: century

text: the

text: Imperial

text: Court

text: officials

text: considered

text: them

text: merely

text: a

text: military

text: section

text: under

text: the

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: Imperial

text: Court

question: In what period did Emperor Kammu rule?

answer: early Heian period

text: early Heian period

question: When was the early Heian?

answer: the late 8th and early 9th centuries

text: the late 8th and early 9th centuries

question: Who did Kammu fail to conquer?

answer: Emishi

text: Emishi

question: What was the full title for Shogun?

answer: sei'i-taishōgun

text: sei'i-taishōgun

question: Who introduced the Shogun concept?

answer: Emperor Kammu

text: Emperor Kammu


text: The similarities between Czech and Slovak led to the languages being considered a single language by a group of 19th-century scholars who called themselves "Czechoslavs" (Čechoslováci), believing that the peoples were connected in a way which excluded German Bohemians and (to a lesser extent) Hungarians and other Slavs. During the First Czechoslovak Republic (1918–1938), although "Czechoslovak" was designated as the republic's official language both Czech and Slovak written standards were used. Standard written Slovak was partially modeled on literary Czech, and Czech was preferred for some official functions in the Slovak half of the republic. Czech influence on Slovak was protested by Slovak scholars, and when Slovakia broke off from Czechoslovakia in 1938 as the Slovak State (which then aligned with Nazi Germany in World War II) literary Slovak was deliberately distanced from Czech. When the Axis powers lost the war and Czechoslovakia reformed, Slovak developed somewhat on its own (with Czech influence); during the Prague Spring of 1968, Slovak gained independence from (and equality with) Czech. Since then, "Czechoslovak" refers to improvised pidgins of the languages which have arisen from the decrease in mutual intelligibility.

title: Czech_language

title: Czech_language

text: The

text: similarities

text: between

text: Czech

text: and

text: Slovak

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: languages

text: being

text: considered

text: a

text: single

text: language

text: by

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: century

text: scholars

text: who

text: called

text: themselves

text: Czechoslavs

text: Čechoslováci

text: believing

text: that

text: the

text: peoples

text: were

text: connected

text: in

text: a

text: way

text: which

text: excluded

text: German

text: Bohemians

text: and

text: to

text: a

text: lesser

text: extent

text: Hungarians

text: and

text: other

text: Slavs

text: During

text: the

text: First

text: Czechoslovak

text: Republic

text: although

text: Czechoslovak

text: was

text: designated

text: as

text: the

text: republic

text: 's

text: official

text: language

text: both

text: Czech

text: and

text: Slovak

text: written

text: standards

text: were

text: used

text: Standard

text: written

text: Slovak

text: was

text: partially

text: modeled

text: on

text: literary

text: Czech

text: and

text: Czech

text: was

text: preferred

text: for

text: some

text: official

text: functions

text: in

text: the

text: Slovak

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: republic

text: Czech

text: influence

text: on

text: Slovak

text: was

text: protested

text: by

text: Slovak

text: scholars

text: and

text: when

text: Slovakia

text: broke

text: off

text: from

text: Czechoslovakia

text: in

text: as

text: the

text: Slovak

text: State

text: which

text: then

text: aligned

text: with

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: literary

text: Slovak

text: was

text: deliberately

text: distanced

text: from

text: Czech

text: When

text: the

text: Axis

text: powers

text: lost

text: the

text: war

text: and

text: Czechoslovakia

text: reformed

text: Slovak

text: developed

text: somewhat

text: on

text: its

text: own

text: with

text: Czech

text: influence

text: during

text: the

text: Prague

text: Spring

text: of

text: Slovak

text: gained

text: independence

text: from

text: and

text: equality

text: with

text: Czech

text: Since

text: then

text: Czechoslovak

text: refers

text: to

text: improvised

text: pidgins

text: of

text: the

text: languages

text: which

text: have

text: arisen

text: from

text: the

text: decrease

text: in

text: mutual

text: intelligibility

question: Who called themselves "Czechoslavs"?

answer: a group of 19th-century scholars

text: a group of 19th-century scholars

question: Why did the Czechoslavs consider Czech and Slovak to be a single language?

answer: The similarities

text: The similarities

question: When was the first Czechoslovak Republic?

answer: 1918–1938

question: What was standard written Slovak partially modeled on?

answer: literary Czech

text: literary Czech

question: When was the Prague Spring?

answer: 1968

question: What did 19th century German Bohemians call themselves?

text: "Czechoslavs"

question: What languages were only used by Hungarians from 1918-1938?

text: Czech and Slovak

question: What did Hungarians consider Czech and Slovak to be?

text: a single language

question: When did Prague align itself with Nazi Germany?

question: In what year did Hungary gain independence?


text: Claiming the right to name his discovery, Le Verrier quickly proposed the name Neptune for this new planet, though falsely stating that this had been officially approved by the French Bureau des Longitudes. In October, he sought to name the planet Le Verrier, after himself, and he had loyal support in this from the observatory director, François Arago. This suggestion met with stiff resistance outside France. French almanacs quickly reintroduced the name Herschel for Uranus, after that planet's discoverer Sir William Herschel, and Leverrier for the new planet.

title: Neptune

title: Neptune

text: Claiming

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: name

text: his

text: discovery

text: Le

text: Verrier

text: quickly

text: proposed

text: the

text: name

text: Neptune

text: for

text: this

text: new

text: planet

text: though

text: falsely

text: stating

text: that

text: this

text: had

text: been

text: officially

text: approved

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: Bureau

text: des

text: Longitudes

text: In

text: October

text: he

text: sought

text: to

text: name

text: the

text: planet

text: Le

text: Verrier

text: after

text: himself

text: and

text: he

text: had

text: loyal

text: support

text: in

text: this

text: from

text: the

text: observatory

text: director

text: François

text: Arago

text: This

text: suggestion

text: met

text: with

text: stiff

text: resistance

text: outside

text: France

text: French

text: almanacs

text: quickly

text: reintroduced

text: the

text: name

text: Herschel

text: for

text: Uranus

text: after

text: that

text: planet

text: 's

text: discoverer

text: Sir

text: William

text: Herschel

text: and

text: Leverrier

text: for

text: the

text: new

text: planet

question: Who claimed the right to name Neptune?

answer: Le Verrier

text: Le Verrier

question: What did the discoverer want to name Neptune first?

answer: Le Verrier

text: Le Verrier

question: What country approved Neptune's first name?

answer: France

text: France

question: What first introduced Neptune and Uranus's names?

answer: French almanacs

text: French almanacs

question: Who did not approve of the first name for Neptune?

answer: French Bureau des Longitudes

text: French Bureau des Longitudes

question: What name was opposed by the french?

text: Le Verrier,

question: What name did the French Bureau des Longitudes approve?

text: Neptune

question: What did Le Verrier want to name Uranus?

text: Herschel

question: Who refused the right to name Neptune?

text: Le Verrier

question: What did the discoverer want to name Uranus first?

text: Le Verrier

question: What country disapproved Neptune's first name?

text: France

question: What first introduced Jupiter and Uranus's names?

text: French almanacs


text: In the 1950s some British pubs would offer "a pie and a pint", with hot individual steak and ale pies made easily on the premises by the proprietor's wife during the lunchtime opening hours. The ploughman's lunch became popular in the late 1960s. In the late 1960s "chicken in a basket", a portion of roast chicken with chips, served on a napkin, in a wicker basket became popular due to its convenience.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: In

text: the

text: some

text: British

text: pubs

text: would

text: offer

text: a

text: pie

text: and

text: a

text: pint

text: with

text: hot

text: individual

text: steak

text: and

text: ale

text: pies

text: made

text: easily

text: on

text: the

text: premises

text: by

text: the

text: proprietor

text: 's

text: wife

text: during

text: the

text: lunchtime

text: opening

text: hours

text: The

text: ploughman

text: 's

text: lunch

text: became

text: popular

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: In

text: the

text: late

text: chicken

text: in

text: a

text: basket

text: a

text: portion

text: of

text: roast

text: chicken

text: with

text: chips

text: served

text: on

text: a

text: napkin

text: in

text: a

text: wicker

text: basket

text: became

text: popular

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: convenience

question: During what decade did some British pubs provide "a pie and a pint"?

answer: 1950s

question: In what decade was the ploughman's lunch often consumed in pubs?

answer: 1960s

question: What decade saw the popularity of "chicken in a basket"?

answer: 1960s

question: What was "chicken in a basket" served in?

answer: a wicker basket

text: a wicker basket

question: Along with chicken, what food was included in "chicken in a basket"?

answer: chips

text: chips


text: Internet service providers in many countries are legally required (e.g., via Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) in the U.S.) to allow law enforcement agencies to monitor some or all of the information transmitted by the ISP. Furthermore, in some countries ISPs are subject to monitoring by intelligence agencies. In the U.S., a controversial National Security Agency program known as PRISM provides for broad monitoring of Internet users traffic and has raised concerns about potential violation of the privacy protections in the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Modern ISPs integrate a wide array of surveillance and packet sniffing equipment into their networks, which then feeds the data to law-enforcement/intelligence networks (such as DCSNet in the United States, or SORM in Russia) allowing monitoring of Internet traffic in real time.

title: Internet_service_provider

title: Internet_service_provider

text: Internet

text: service

text: providers

text: in

text: many

text: countries

text: are

text: legally

text: required

text: e.g.

text: via

text: Communications

text: Assistance

text: for

text: Law

text: Enforcement

text: Act

text: CALEA

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: to

text: allow

text: law

text: enforcement

text: agencies

text: to

text: monitor

text: some

text: or

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: information

text: transmitted

text: by

text: the

text: ISP

text: Furthermore

text: in

text: some

text: countries

text: ISPs

text: are

text: subject

text: to

text: monitoring

text: by

text: intelligence

text: agencies

text: In

text: the

text: U.S.

text: a

text: controversial

text: National

text: Security

text: Agency

text: program

text: known

text: as

text: PRISM

text: provides

text: for

text: broad

text: monitoring

text: of

text: Internet

text: users

text: traffic

text: and

text: has

text: raised

text: concerns

text: about

text: potential

text: violation

text: of

text: the

text: privacy

text: protections

text: in

text: the

text: Fourth

text: Amendment

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Constitution

text: Modern

text: ISPs

text: integrate

text: a

text: wide

text: array

text: of

text: surveillance

text: and

text: packet

text: sniffing

text: equipment

text: into

text: their

text: networks

text: which

text: then

text: feeds

text: the

text: data

text: to

text: law

text: enforcement

text: intelligence

text: networks

text: such

text: as

text: DCSNet

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: or

text: SORM

text: in

text: Russia

text: allowing

text: monitoring

text: of

text: Internet

text: traffic

text: in

text: real

text: time

question: What are ISPs subject to monitoring by in some countries?

answer: intelligence agencies

text: intelligence agencies

question: What is the controversial N.S.A. program used in the U.S.?

answer: PRISM

text: PRISM

question: What does PRISM do?

answer: provides for broad monitoring of Internet users traffic

text: provides for broad monitoring of Internet users traffic

question: What do ISPs integrate into their network to provide information to intelligence agencies?

answer: a wide array of surveillance and packet sniffing equipment

text: a wide array of surveillance and packet sniffing equipment

question: What do DCSnet in the US and SORM in Russia do?

answer: allowing monitoring of Internet traffic in real time

text: allowing monitoring of Internet traffic in real time

question: What are ISPs not legally required to do?

question: What this PRISM stopped the national security agency for doing?

question: Who objects to PRISM

text: National Security Agency

question: What do ISPs remove from their networks to discourage intelligence agencies?

question: What do many people say violates the First Amendment?


text: The craft has also been popular in early medieval Rus, inherited as part of the Byzantine tradition. Yaroslav, the Grand Prince of the Kievan Rus' built a large cathedral in his capital, Kiev. The model of the church was the Hagia Sophia in Constantinople, and it was also called Saint Sophia Cathedral. It was built mainly by Byzantine master craftsmen, sent by Constantine Monomachos, between 1037 and 1046. Naturally the more important surfaces in the interior were decorated with golden mosaics. In the dome we can see the traditional stern Pantokrator supported by angels. Between the 12 windows of the drum were apostles and the four evangelists on the pendentives. The apse is dominated by an orant Theotokos with a Deesis in three medallions above. Below is a Communion of the Apostles.

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: The

text: craft

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: popular

text: in

text: early

text: medieval

text: Rus

text: inherited

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: tradition

text: Yaroslav

text: the

text: Grand

text: Prince

text: of

text: the

text: Kievan

text: Rus

text: built

text: a

text: large

text: cathedral

text: in

text: his

text: capital

text: Kiev

text: The

text: model

text: of

text: the

text: church

text: was

text: the

text: Hagia

text: Sophia

text: in

text: Constantinople

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: also

text: called

text: Saint

text: Sophia

text: Cathedral

text: It

text: was

text: built

text: mainly

text: by

text: Byzantine

text: master

text: craftsmen

text: sent

text: by

text: Constantine

text: Monomachos

text: between

text: and

text: Naturally

text: the

text: more

text: important

text: surfaces

text: in

text: the

text: interior

text: were

text: decorated

text: with

text: golden

text: mosaics

text: In

text: the

text: dome

text: we

text: can

text: see

text: the

text: traditional

text: stern

text: Pantokrator

text: supported

text: by

text: angels

text: Between

text: the

text: windows

text: of

text: the

text: drum

text: were

text: apostles

text: and

text: the

text: four

text: evangelists

text: on

text: the

text: pendentives

text: The

text: apse

text: is

text: dominated

text: by

text: an

text: orant

text: Theotokos

text: with

text: a

text: Deesis

text: in

text: three

text: medallions

text: above

text: Below

text: is

text: a

text: Communion

text: of

text: the

text: Apostles

question: Yaroslav held what title in medieval Russia?

answer: Grand Prince of the Kievan Rus'

text: Grand Prince of the Kievan Rus'

question: Where did Yaroslav build his Cathedral?

answer: Kiev

text: Kiev

question: What was used as a model for the church Yaroslav commissioned?

answer: the Hagia Sophia

text: the Hagia Sophia

question: What was the name of the church Yaroslav commissioned?

answer: Saint Sophia Cathedral

text: Saint Sophia Cathedral

question: Who sent the Byzantine craftsmen that built Yaroslav's cathedral?

answer: Constantine Monomachos

text: Constantine Monomachos


text: In September 2014, Professor Stefan Grimm, of the Department of Medicine, was found dead after being threatened with dismissal for failure to raise enough grant money. The College made its first public announcement of his death on 4 December 2014. Grimm's last email accused his employers of bullying by demanding that he should get grants worth at least £200,000 per year. His last email was viewed more than 100,000 times in the first four days after it was posted. The College has announced an internal inquiry into Stefan Grimm's death. The inquest on his death has not yet reported.

title: Imperial_College_London

title: Imperial_College_London

text: In

text: September

text: Professor

text: Stefan

text: Grimm

text: of

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: Medicine

text: was

text: found

text: dead

text: after

text: being

text: threatened

text: with

text: dismissal

text: for

text: failure

text: to

text: raise

text: enough

text: grant

text: money

text: The

text: College

text: made

text: its

text: first

text: public

text: announcement

text: of

text: his

text: death

text: on

text: December

text: Grimm

text: 's

text: last

text: email

text: accused

text: his

text: employers

text: of

text: bullying

text: by

text: demanding

text: that

text: he

text: should

text: get

text: grants

text: worth

text: at

text: least

text: per

text: year

text: His

text: last

text: email

text: was

text: viewed

text: more

text: than

text: times

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: four

text: days

text: after

text: it

text: was

text: posted

text: The

text: College

text: has

text: announced

text: an

text: internal

text: inquiry

text: into

text: Stefan

text: Grimm

text: 's

text: death

text: The

text: inquest

text: on

text: his

text: death

text: has

text: not

text: yet

text: reported

question: When was Professor Stefan Grimm found dead?

answer: September 2014

text: September 2014

question: When did Imperial College make its first public announcement of Stefan Grimm's death?

answer: 4 December 2014

text: 4 December 2014

question: How many times was Professor Stefan Grimm's email viewed in the first four days after it was posted online?

answer: more than 100,000

text: more than 100,000

question: What did Professor Grimm's last email accuse Imperial College of before his death?

answer: bullying

text: bullying

question: What did Imperial College announce it would do after Professor Grimm's death?

answer: internal inquiry

text: internal inquiry

question: Which Professor was found dead in September 2014?

answer: Professor Stefan Grimm

text: Professor Stefan Grimm

question: To which department did the professor who passed in September 2014 belong?

answer: Department of Medicine

text: Department of Medicine

question: What was the dead professor threatened with before his death?

answer: dismissal

text: dismissal

question: How much did the Grimm claim his employers said he should raise in grant money per year?

answer: £200,000

question: How many views did Grimm's last email get in the first four days after it was posted?

answer: more than 100,000

text: more than 100,000

question: Who was fired for not raising grant money?

text: Professor Stefan Grimm

question: In what year was Grimm killed?

question: What are police investigating?

text: Stefan Grimm's death

question: What did the school acuse Grimm of doing?

text: bullying

question: Who did Grimm bully?

text: his employers


text: The ecclesiastical structure of the Roman Empire survived the movements and invasions in the west mostly intact, but the papacy was little regarded, and few of the western bishops looked to the bishop of Rome for religious or political leadership. Many of the popes prior to 750 were more concerned with Byzantine affairs and eastern theological controversies. The register, or archived copies of the letters, of Pope Gregory the Great (pope 590–604) survived, and of those more than 850 letters, the vast majority were concerned with affairs in Italy or Constantinople. The only part of Western Europe where the papacy had influence was Britain, where Gregory had sent the Gregorian mission in 597 to convert the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity. Irish missionaries were most active in Western Europe between the 5th and the 7th centuries, going first to England and Scotland and then on to the continent. Under such monks as Columba (d. 597) and Columbanus (d. 615), they founded monasteries, taught in Latin and Greek, and authored secular and religious works.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: The

text: ecclesiastical

text: structure

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: survived

text: the

text: movements

text: and

text: invasions

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: mostly

text: intact

text: but

text: the

text: papacy

text: was

text: little

text: regarded

text: and

text: few

text: of

text: the

text: western

text: bishops

text: looked

text: to

text: the

text: bishop

text: of

text: Rome

text: for

text: religious

text: or

text: political

text: leadership

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: popes

text: prior

text: to

text: were

text: more

text: concerned

text: with

text: Byzantine

text: affairs

text: and

text: eastern

text: theological

text: controversies

text: The

text: register

text: or

text: archived

text: copies

text: of

text: the

text: letters

text: of

text: Pope

text: Gregory

text: the

text: Great

text: pope

text: survived

text: and

text: of

text: those

text: more

text: than

text: letters

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: were

text: concerned

text: with

text: affairs

text: in

text: Italy

text: or

text: Constantinople

text: The

text: only

text: part

text: of

text: Western

text: Europe

text: where

text: the

text: papacy

text: had

text: influence

text: was

text: Britain

text: where

text: Gregory

text: had

text: sent

text: the

text: Gregorian

text: mission

text: in

text: to

text: convert

text: the

text: Anglo

text: Saxons

text: to

text: Christianity

text: Irish

text: missionaries

text: were

text: most

text: active

text: in

text: Western

text: Europe

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: the

text: centuries

text: going

text: first

text: to

text: England

text: and

text: Scotland

text: and

text: then

text: on

text: to

text: the

text: continent

text: Under

text: such

text: monks

text: as

text: Columba

text: d.

text: and

text: Columbanus

text: d.

text: they

text: founded

text: monasteries

text: taught

text: in

text: Latin

text: and

text: Greek

text: and

text: authored

text: secular

text: and

text: religious

text: works

question: When did Gregory the Great become pope?

answer: 590

question: About how many of Gregory's letters were concerned with Constantinople or Italy?

answer: 850

question: In what region of Western Europe did the pope have influence?

answer: Britain

text: Britain

question: When did the Gregorian mission travel to Britain?

answer: 597

question: When did Columbanus die?

answer: 615


text: He worked in street construction for a short amount of time, but was unable to cope with the heavy labour. Continuing to attend university as a guest student, he started an apprenticeship as cabinetmaker, which he completed as a journeyman. He was dreaming at that time of starting a daycare facility for children, for which he assumed the ability to make furniture might be useful. After that he did voluntary service in one of psychoanalyst Alfred Adler's clinics for children. In 1922, he did his matura by way of a second chance education and finally joined the University as an ordinary student. He completed his examination as an elementary teacher in 1924 and started working at an after-school care club for socially endangered children. In 1925, he went to the newly founded Pädagogisches Institut and continued studying philosophy and psychology. Around that time he started courting Josefine Anna Henninger, who later became his wife.

title: Karl_Popper

title: Karl_Popper

text: He

text: worked

text: in

text: street

text: construction

text: for

text: a

text: short

text: amount

text: of

text: time

text: but

text: was

text: unable

text: to

text: cope

text: with

text: the

text: heavy

text: labour

text: Continuing

text: to

text: attend

text: university

text: as

text: a

text: guest

text: student

text: he

text: started

text: an

text: apprenticeship

text: as

text: cabinetmaker

text: which

text: he

text: completed

text: as

text: a

text: journeyman

text: He

text: was

text: dreaming

text: at

text: that

text: time

text: of

text: starting

text: a

text: daycare

text: facility

text: for

text: children

text: for

text: which

text: he

text: assumed

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: make

text: furniture

text: might

text: be

text: useful

text: After

text: that

text: he

text: did

text: voluntary

text: service

text: in

text: one

text: of

text: psychoanalyst

text: Alfred

text: Adler

text: 's

text: clinics

text: for

text: children

text: In

text: he

text: did

text: his

text: matura

text: by

text: way

text: of

text: a

text: second

text: chance

text: education

text: and

text: finally

text: joined

text: the

text: University

text: as

text: an

text: ordinary

text: student

text: He

text: completed

text: his

text: examination

text: as

text: an

text: elementary

text: teacher

text: in

text: and

text: started

text: working

text: at

text: an

text: after

text: school

text: care

text: club

text: for

text: socially

text: endangered

text: children

text: In

text: he

text: went

text: to

text: the

text: newly

text: founded

text: Pädagogisches

text: Institut

text: and

text: continued

text: studying

text: philosophy

text: and

text: psychology

text: Around

text: that

text: time

text: he

text: started

text: courting

text: Josefine

text: Anna

text: Henninger

text: who

text: later

text: became

text: his

text: wife

question: What trade did Popper enter as an apprentice?

answer: cabinetmaker

text: cabinetmaker

question: What type of facility did Popper plan to open that would benefit from his furniture-making skills?

answer: daycare

text: daycare

question: In which psychoanalysts clinics did Popper volunteer?

answer: Alfred Adler

text: Alfred Adler

question: When did Popper become an ordinary student rather than a guest at university?

answer: 1922

question: For which vocation did Popper complete his university examinations?

answer: elementary teacher

text: elementary teacher

question: What was easy for Popper to cope with?

text: heavy labour

question: Who owned the clinic for adults that Popper volunteered at?

text: Alfred Adler

question: When did Popper leave the Pädagogisches Institut?

question: When did Popper join the university as a guest student?

question: When did Popper complete his examination as a university teacher?


text: The city is also well provided for in amateur men's and women's rugby with a number of teams in and around the city, the oldest of which is Trojans RFC who were promoted to London South West 2 division in 2008/9. A notable former player is Anthony Allen, who played with Leicester Tigers as a centre. Tottonians are also in London South West division 2 and Southampton RFC are in Hampshire division 1 in 2009/10, alongside Millbrook RFC and Eastleigh RFC. Many of the sides run mini and midi teams from under sevens up to under sixteens for both boys and girls.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: also

text: well

text: provided

text: for

text: in

text: amateur

text: men

text: 's

text: and

text: women

text: 's

text: rugby

text: with

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: teams

text: in

text: and

text: around

text: the

text: city

text: the

text: oldest

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: Trojans

text: RFC

text: who

text: were

text: promoted

text: to

text: London

text: South

text: West

text: division

text: in

text: A

text: notable

text: former

text: player

text: is

text: Anthony

text: Allen

text: who

text: played

text: with

text: Leicester

text: Tigers

text: as

text: a

text: centre

text: Tottonians

text: are

text: also

text: in

text: London

text: South

text: West

text: division

text: and

text: Southampton

text: RFC

text: are

text: in

text: Hampshire

text: division

text: in

text: alongside

text: Millbrook

text: RFC

text: and

text: Eastleigh

text: RFC

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: sides

text: run

text: mini

text: and

text: midi

text: teams

text: from

text: under

text: sevens

text: up

text: to

text: under

text: sixteens

text: for

text: both

text: boys

text: and

text: girls

question: What's the oldest rugby team in Southampton?

answer: Trojans RFC

text: Trojans RFC

question: What division was Trojans RFC promoted to in 2008-9?

answer: London South West 2

text: London South West 2

question: What famous player from Trojans RFC also played for the Leicester Tigers?

answer: Anthony Allen

text: Anthony Allen

question: What position did Allen play for the Leicester Tigers?

answer: centre

text: centre

question: What division do the Tottonians belong to?

answer: London South West division 2

text: London South West division 2


text: Public institutions of higher education in Charleston include the College of Charleston (the nation's 13th-oldest university), The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina, and the Medical University of South Carolina. The city is also home to private universities, including the Charleston School of Law . Charleston is also home to the Roper Hospital School of Practical Nursing, and the city has a downtown satellite campus for the region's technical school, Trident Technical College. Charleston is also the location for the only college in the country that offers bachelor's degrees in the building arts, The American College of the Building Arts. The Art Institute of Charleston, located downtown on North Market Street, opened in 2007.

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

text: Public

text: institutions

text: of

text: higher

text: education

text: in

text: Charleston

text: include

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Charleston

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: oldest

text: university

text: The

text: Citadel

text: The

text: Military

text: College

text: of

text: South

text: Carolina

text: and

text: the

text: Medical

text: University

text: of

text: South

text: Carolina

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: also

text: home

text: to

text: private

text: universities

text: including

text: the

text: Charleston

text: School

text: of

text: Law

text: Charleston

text: is

text: also

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: Roper

text: Hospital

text: School

text: of

text: Practical

text: Nursing

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: a

text: downtown

text: satellite

text: campus

text: for

text: the

text: region

text: 's

text: technical

text: school

text: Trident

text: Technical

text: College

text: Charleston

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: location

text: for

text: the

text: only

text: college

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: that

text: offers

text: bachelor

text: 's

text: degrees

text: in

text: the

text: building

text: arts

text: The

text: American

text: College

text: of

text: the

text: Building

text: Arts

text: The

text: Art

text: Institute

text: of

text: Charleston

text: located

text: downtown

text: on

text: North

text: Market

text: Street

text: opened

text: in

question: What is the nation's 13th-oldest university?

answer: College of Charleston

text: College of Charleston

question: Where is the Art Institute of Charleston located?

answer: downtown on North Market Street

text: downtown on North Market Street

question: What year did the Art institute of Charleston open?

answer: 2007

question: What Charleston College offers a degree in Building Arts?

answer: The American College of the Building Arts

text: The American College of the Building Arts

question: What Technical college have a campus at downtown Charleston?

answer: Trident Technical College

text: Trident Technical College

question: What is the nation's 12th-oldest university?

text: College of Charleston

question: Where isn't the Art Institute of Charleston located?

text: downtown on North Market Street

question: What year did the Art institute of Charleston close?

question: What Charleston College offers no degree in Building Arts?

question: What Technical college have a campus at uptown Charleston?

text: Trident Technical College


text: On 16 June 2006, it was announced that Everton had entered into talks with Knowsley Council and Tesco over the possibility of building a new 55,000 seat stadium, expandable to over 60,000, in Kirkby. The club took the unusual move of giving its supporters a say in the club's future by holding a ballot on the proposal, finding a split of 59% to 41% in favour. Opponents to the plan included other local councils concerned by the effect of a large Tesco store being built as part of the development, and a group of fans demanding that Everton should remain within the city boundaries of Liverpool.

title: Everton_F.C.

title: Everton_F.C.

text: On

text: June

text: it

text: was

text: announced

text: that

text: Everton

text: had

text: entered

text: into

text: talks

text: with

text: Knowsley

text: Council

text: and

text: Tesco

text: over

text: the

text: possibility

text: of

text: building

text: a

text: new

text: seat

text: stadium

text: expandable

text: to

text: over

text: in

text: Kirkby

text: The

text: club

text: took

text: the

text: unusual

text: move

text: of

text: giving

text: its

text: supporters

text: a

text: say

text: in

text: the

text: club

text: 's

text: future

text: by

text: holding

text: a

text: ballot

text: on

text: the

text: proposal

text: finding

text: a

text: split

text: of

text: to

text: in

text: favour

text: Opponents

text: to

text: the

text: plan

text: included

text: other

text: local

text: councils

text: concerned

text: by

text: the

text: effect

text: of

text: a

text: large

text: Tesco

text: store

text: being

text: built

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: development

text: and

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: fans

text: demanding

text: that

text: Everton

text: should

text: remain

text: within

text: the

text: city

text: boundaries

text: of

text: Liverpool

question: Where did a group of fans demand that Everton remain within the city boundaries of?

answer: Liverpool

text: Liverpool

question: In what year was it revealed that Everton had entered talks to build a new 55,000 seat stadium in Kirkby?

answer: 2006

question: Who did Everton enter talks with to build a new 55,000 seat stadium in Kirkby?

answer: Knowsley Council and Tesco

text: Knowsley Council and Tesco

question: What percentage of fans were supportive of Everton's plans to build a new stadium in 2006?

answer: 59

question: How many supporters voted on the ballot?

question: What was one of the local councils that opposed the planned stadium?

text: Knowsley Council

question: How many people were in the group of fans that wanted Everton to stay inside the Liverpool city boundaries?

question: On what date was the ballot held?

text: 16 June 2006


text: These critics of the modern separation of church and state also note the official establishment of religion in several of the states at the time of ratification, to suggest that the modern incorporation of the Establishment Clause as to state governments goes against the original constitutional intent.[citation needed] The issue is complex, however, as the incorporation ultimately bases on the passage of the 14th Amendment in 1868, at which point the first amendment's application to the state government was recognized. Many of these constitutional debates relate to the competing interpretive theories of originalism versus modern, progressivist theories such as the doctrine of the Living Constitution. Other debates center on the principle of the law of the land in America being defined not just by the Constitution's Supremacy Clause, but also by legal precedence, making an accurate reading of the Constitution subject to the mores and values of a given era, and rendering the concept of historical revisionism irrelevant when discussing the Constitution.

title: Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States

text: These

text: critics

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: separation

text: of

text: church

text: and

text: state

text: also

text: note

text: the

text: official

text: establishment

text: of

text: religion

text: in

text: several

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: ratification

text: to

text: suggest

text: that

text: the

text: modern

text: incorporation

text: of

text: the

text: Establishment

text: Clause

text: as

text: to

text: state

text: governments

text: goes

text: against

text: the

text: original

text: constitutional

text: intent.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: issue

text: is

text: complex

text: however

text: as

text: the

text: incorporation

text: ultimately

text: bases

text: on

text: the

text: passage

text: of

text: the

text: Amendment

text: in

text: at

text: which

text: point

text: the

text: first

text: amendment

text: 's

text: application

text: to

text: the

text: state

text: government

text: was

text: recognized

text: Many

text: of

text: these

text: constitutional

text: debates

text: relate

text: to

text: the

text: competing

text: interpretive

text: theories

text: of

text: originalism

text: versus

text: modern

text: progressivist

text: theories

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: doctrine

text: of

text: the

text: Living

text: Constitution

text: Other

text: debates

text: center

text: on

text: the

text: principle

text: of

text: the

text: law

text: of

text: the

text: land

text: in

text: America

text: being

text: defined

text: not

text: just

text: by

text: the

text: Constitution

text: 's

text: Supremacy

text: Clause

text: but

text: also

text: by

text: legal

text: precedence

text: making

text: an

text: accurate

text: reading

text: of

text: the

text: Constitution

text: subject

text: to

text: the

text: mores

text: and

text: values

text: of

text: a

text: given

text: era

text: and

text: rendering

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: historical

text: revisionism

text: irrelevant

text: when

text: discussing

text: the

text: Constitution

question: Critics of modern separation of church and state note there was official establishment of what in several states at the time of ratification?

answer: religion

text: religion

question: When was the passage of the 14th Amendment?

answer: 1868

question: What was recognized by the time the 14th Amendment passed?

answer: first amendment's application to the state government

text: first amendment's application to the state government

question: What kind of theory is the doctrine of the Living Constitution?

answer: progressivist

text: progressivist

question: What do some debates center on the law of the land not being just defined by the Constitution's Supremacy Clause but also by what?

answer: legal precedence

text: legal precedence

question: Critics of modern separation of church and state note there was unofficial establishment of what in several states at the time of ratification?

text: religion

question: When was the passage of the 15th Amendment?

question: What wasn't recognized by the time the 14th Amendment passed?

question: What kind of theory is the doctrine of the Dead Constitution?

text: progressivist

question: What do some debates center on the law of the land being just defined by the Constitution's Supremacy Clause but also by what?

text: legal precedence


text: By the start of the 20th century, Germany and the United States challenged Britain's economic lead. Subsequent military and economic tensions between Britain and Germany were major causes of the First World War, during which Britain relied heavily upon its empire. The conflict placed enormous strain on the military, financial and manpower resources of Britain. Although the British Empire achieved its largest territorial extent immediately after World War I, Britain was no longer the world's pre-eminent industrial or military power. In the Second World War, Britain's colonies in South-East Asia were occupied by Imperial Japan. Despite the final victory of Britain and its allies, the damage to British prestige helped to accelerate the decline of the empire. India, Britain's most valuable and populous possession, achieved independence as part of a larger decolonisation movement in which Britain granted independence to most territories of the Empire. The transfer of Hong Kong to China in 1997 marked for many the end of the British Empire. Fourteen overseas territories remain under British sovereignty. After independence, many former British colonies joined the Commonwealth of Nations, a free association of independent states. The United Kingdom is now one of 16 Commonwealth nations, a grouping known informally as the Commonwealth realms, that share one monarch—Queen Elizabeth II.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: By

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Germany

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: challenged

text: Britain

text: 's

text: economic

text: lead

text: Subsequent

text: military

text: and

text: economic

text: tensions

text: between

text: Britain

text: and

text: Germany

text: were

text: major

text: causes

text: of

text: the

text: First

text: World

text: War

text: during

text: which

text: Britain

text: relied

text: heavily

text: upon

text: its

text: empire

text: The

text: conflict

text: placed

text: enormous

text: strain

text: on

text: the

text: military

text: financial

text: and

text: manpower

text: resources

text: of

text: Britain

text: Although

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: achieved

text: its

text: largest

text: territorial

text: extent

text: immediately

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: Britain

text: was

text: no

text: longer

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: pre

text: eminent

text: industrial

text: or

text: military

text: power

text: In

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: Britain

text: 's

text: colonies

text: in

text: South

text: East

text: Asia

text: were

text: occupied

text: by

text: Imperial

text: Japan

text: Despite

text: the

text: final

text: victory

text: of

text: Britain

text: and

text: its

text: allies

text: the

text: damage

text: to

text: British

text: prestige

text: helped

text: to

text: accelerate

text: the

text: decline

text: of

text: the

text: empire

text: India

text: Britain

text: 's

text: most

text: valuable

text: and

text: populous

text: possession

text: achieved

text: independence

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: larger

text: decolonisation

text: movement

text: in

text: which

text: Britain

text: granted

text: independence

text: to

text: most

text: territories

text: of

text: the

text: Empire

text: The

text: transfer

text: of

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: to

text: China

text: in

text: marked

text: for

text: many

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: Fourteen

text: overseas

text: territories

text: remain

text: under

text: British

text: sovereignty

text: After

text: independence

text: many

text: former

text: British

text: colonies

text: joined

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Nations

text: a

text: free

text: association

text: of

text: independent

text: states

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: is

text: now

text: one

text: of

text: Commonwealth

text: nations

text: a

text: grouping

text: known

text: informally

text: as

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: realms

text: that

text: share

text: one

text: monarch

text: Queen

text: Elizabeth

text: II

question: Which countries challenged Britain's economic lead by the start of the 20th century?

answer: Germany and the United States

text: Germany and the United States

question: Which country was Britain's most valuable and populous possession?

answer: India

text: India

question: When did Britain transfer Hong Kong to China?

answer: overseas territories remain under British sovereignty

text: overseas territories remain under British sovereignty

question: How many overseas territories remain under British sovereignty?

answer: Fourteen

text: Fourteen

question: Who is the Commonwealth's monarch?

answer: Queen Elizabeth II

text: Queen Elizabeth II


text: The dock connector also allowed the iPod to connect to accessories, which often supplement the iPod's music, video, and photo playback. Apple sells a few accessories, such as the now-discontinued iPod Hi-Fi, but most are manufactured by third parties such as Belkin and Griffin. Some peripherals use their own interface, while others use the iPod's own screen. Because the dock connector is a proprietary interface, the implementation of the interface requires paying royalties to Apple.

title: IPod

title: IPod

text: The

text: dock

text: connector

text: also

text: allowed

text: the

text: iPod

text: to

text: connect

text: to

text: accessories

text: which

text: often

text: supplement

text: the

text: iPod

text: 's

text: music

text: video

text: and

text: photo

text: playback

text: Apple

text: sells

text: a

text: few

text: accessories

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: now

text: discontinued

text: iPod

text: Hi

text: Fi

text: but

text: most

text: are

text: manufactured

text: by

text: third

text: parties

text: such

text: as

text: Belkin

text: and

text: Griffin

text: Some

text: peripherals

text: use

text: their

text: own

text: interface

text: while

text: others

text: use

text: the

text: iPod

text: 's

text: own

text: screen

text: Because

text: the

text: dock

text: connector

text: is

text: a

text: proprietary

text: interface

text: the

text: implementation

text: of

text: the

text: interface

text: requires

text: paying

text: royalties

text: to

text: Apple

question: Which iPod accessory was made by Apple but is no longer produced?

answer: iPod Hi-Fi

text: iPod Hi-Fi

question: What are two companies that make iPod accessories?

answer: Belkin and Griffin

text: Belkin and Griffin

question: What part of the iPod is needed to communicate with peripherals?

answer: dock connector

text: dock connector

question: What is the condition for third parties using the dock connector?

answer: paying royalties

text: paying royalties

question: The majority of peripherals for iPod are produced by what kinds of companies?

answer: third parties

text: third parties

question: What's the name of the now-discontinued accessory manufactured by Apple, that connected via the iPod's dock connector?

answer: iPod Hi-Fi

text: iPod Hi-Fi


text: The Internet Archive states, however, "Sometimes a website owner will contact us directly and ask us to stop crawling or archiving a site. We comply with these requests." In addition, the web site says: "The Internet Archive is not interested in preserving or offering access to Web sites or other Internet documents of persons who do not want their materials in the collection."

title: Wayback_Machine

title: Wayback_Machine

text: The

text: Internet

text: Archive

text: states

text: however

text: Sometimes

text: a

text: website

text: owner

text: will

text: contact

text: us

text: directly

text: and

text: ask

text: us

text: to

text: stop

text: crawling

text: or

text: archiving

text: a

text: site

text: We

text: comply

text: with

text: these

text: requests

text: In

text: addition

text: the

text: web

text: site

text: says

text: The

text: Internet

text: Archive

text: is

text: not

text: interested

text: in

text: preserving

text: or

text: offering

text: access

text: to

text: Web

text: sites

text: or

text: other

text: Internet

text: documents

text: of

text: persons

text: who

text: do

text: not

text: want

text: their

text: materials

text: in

text: the

text: collection

question: Who asserts that they will respond to direct contacts requesting material be removed from the archive?

answer: Internet Archive

text: Internet Archive

question: Who asserts that they will respond to direct contracts requesting material be removed from Web sites?

text: Internet Archive

question: What are owners not interested in?

question: What do Web site owners do with requests?

text: comply

question: How does the Internet Archives contact owners?

text: directly

question: Who is interested in preserving Web sites of persons who do not want their materials in the collection?

text: Internet Archive


text: In addition to debates on religion, societies discussed issues such as politics and the role of women. It is important to note, however, that the critical subject matter of these debates did not necessarily translate into opposition to the government. In other words, the results of the debate quite frequently upheld the status quo. From a historical standpoint, one of the most important features of the debating society was their openness to the public; women attended and even participated in almost every debating society, which were likewise open to all classes providing they could pay the entrance fee. Once inside, spectators were able to participate in a largely egalitarian form of sociability that helped spread Enlightenment ideas.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: debates

text: on

text: religion

text: societies

text: discussed

text: issues

text: such

text: as

text: politics

text: and

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: women

text: It

text: is

text: important

text: to

text: note

text: however

text: that

text: the

text: critical

text: subject

text: matter

text: of

text: these

text: debates

text: did

text: not

text: necessarily

text: translate

text: into

text: opposition

text: to

text: the

text: government

text: In

text: other

text: words

text: the

text: results

text: of

text: the

text: debate

text: quite

text: frequently

text: upheld

text: the

text: status

text: quo

text: From

text: a

text: historical

text: standpoint

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: features

text: of

text: the

text: debating

text: society

text: was

text: their

text: openness

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: women

text: attended

text: and

text: even

text: participated

text: in

text: almost

text: every

text: debating

text: society

text: which

text: were

text: likewise

text: open

text: to

text: all

text: classes

text: providing

text: they

text: could

text: pay

text: the

text: entrance

text: fee

text: Once

text: inside

text: spectators

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: participate

text: in

text: a

text: largely

text: egalitarian

text: form

text: of

text: sociability

text: that

text: helped

text: spread

text: Enlightenment

text: ideas

question: From a historical standpoint, what was one of the most important features of the debating society?

answer: openness to the public

text: openness to the public

question: Were debates only open to certain economic classes, or could all attend?

answer: all classes providing they could pay the entrance fee

text: all classes providing they could pay the entrance fee

question: What were some of the issues discussed in addition to debates on religion?

answer: politics and the role of women

text: politics and the role of women


text: Memories of the Nazi occupation were still strong, and the rearmament of Germany was feared by France too. On 30 August 1954 French Parliament rejected the EDC, thus ensuring its failure and blocking a major objective of US policy towards Europe: to associate Germany militarily with the West. The US Department of State started to elaborate alternatives: Germany would be invited to join NATO or, in the case of French obstructionism, strategies to circumvent a French veto would be implemented in order to obtain a German rearmament outside NATO.

title: Warsaw_Pact

title: Warsaw_Pact

text: Memories

text: of

text: the

text: Nazi

text: occupation

text: were

text: still

text: strong

text: and

text: the

text: rearmament

text: of

text: Germany

text: was

text: feared

text: by

text: France

text: too

text: On

text: August

text: French

text: Parliament

text: rejected

text: the

text: EDC

text: thus

text: ensuring

text: its

text: failure

text: and

text: blocking

text: a

text: major

text: objective

text: of

text: US

text: policy

text: towards

text: Europe

text: to

text: associate

text: Germany

text: militarily

text: with

text: the

text: West

text: The

text: US

text: Department

text: of

text: State

text: started

text: to

text: elaborate

text: alternatives

text: Germany

text: would

text: be

text: invited

text: to

text: join

text: NATO

text: or

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: French

text: obstructionism

text: strategies

text: to

text: circumvent

text: a

text: French

text: veto

text: would

text: be

text: implemented

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: obtain

text: a

text: German

text: rearmament

text: outside

text: NATO

question: Which NATO country feared a unified and rearmed Germany?

answer: France

text: France

question: Memories of what occupation were fading by 1954?

text: Nazi

question: France had no fear of what country?

text: Germany

question: Which parliament rejected the EDC on 30 April 1954?

text: French

question: Which country wanted to keep Germany militarily against the West?

text: US


text: Kerry's paternal grandparents, shoe businessman Frederick A. "Fred" Kerry and musician Ida Lowe, were immigrants from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Fred was born as "Fritz Kohn" before he and Ida took on the "Kerry" name and moved to the United States. Fred and Ida were born Jewish, and converted to Catholicism together in Austria. His maternal ancestors were of Scottish and English descent, and his maternal grandfather James Grant Forbes II was a member of the Forbes family, while his maternal grandmother Margaret Tyndal Winthrop was a member of the Dudley–Winthrop family. Margaret's paternal grandfather Robert Charles Winthrop served as the 22nd Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. Robert's father was Governor Thomas Lindall Winthrop. Thomas' father John Still Winthrop was a great-great-grandson of Massachusetts Bay Colony Governor John Winthrop and great-grandson of Governor Thomas Dudley. Through his mother, John is a first cousin once removed of French politician Brice Lalonde.

title: John_Kerry

title: John_Kerry

text: Kerry

text: 's

text: paternal

text: grandparents

text: shoe

text: businessman

text: Frederick

text: A.

text: Fred

text: Kerry

text: and

text: musician

text: Ida

text: Lowe

text: were

text: immigrants

text: from

text: the

text: Austro

text: Hungarian

text: Empire

text: Fred

text: was

text: born

text: as

text: Fritz

text: Kohn

text: before

text: he

text: and

text: Ida

text: took

text: on

text: the

text: Kerry

text: name

text: and

text: moved

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Fred

text: and

text: Ida

text: were

text: born

text: Jewish

text: and

text: converted

text: to

text: Catholicism

text: together

text: in

text: Austria

text: His

text: maternal

text: ancestors

text: were

text: of

text: Scottish

text: and

text: English

text: descent

text: and

text: his

text: maternal

text: grandfather

text: James

text: Grant

text: Forbes

text: II

text: was

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Forbes

text: family

text: while

text: his

text: maternal

text: grandmother

text: Margaret

text: Tyndal

text: Winthrop

text: was

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Dudley

text: Winthrop

text: family

text: Margaret

text: 's

text: paternal

text: grandfather

text: Robert

text: Charles

text: Winthrop

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: Speaker

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: Robert

text: 's

text: father

text: was

text: Governor

text: Thomas

text: Lindall

text: Winthrop

text: Thomas

text: father

text: John

text: Still

text: Winthrop

text: was

text: a

text: great

text: great

text: grandson

text: of

text: Massachusetts

text: Bay

text: Colony

text: Governor

text: John

text: Winthrop

text: and

text: great

text: grandson

text: of

text: Governor

text: Thomas

text: Dudley

text: Through

text: his

text: mother

text: John

text: is

text: a

text: first

text: cousin

text: once

text: removed

text: of

text: French

text: politician

text: Brice

text: Lalonde

question: Who was Kerry's paternal grandmother?

answer: Ida Lowe

text: Ida Lowe

question: Who was Kerry's paternal grandfather?

answer: Frederick A. "Fred" Kerry

text: Frederick A. "Fred" Kerry

question: What was Kerry's paternal grandmother's career?

answer: musician

text: musician

question: What was Kerry's paternal grandfather's career?

answer: shoe businessman

text: shoe businessman

question: Where did Kerry's paternal grandparents immigrate from?

answer: the Austro-Hungarian Empire

text: the Austro-Hungarian Empire


text: In tumbling, athletes perform an explosive series of flips and twists down a sprung tumbling track. Scoring is similar to trampolining. Tumbling was originally contested as one of the events in Men's Artistic Gymnastics at the 1932 Summer Olympics, and in 1955 and 1959 at the Pan American Games. From 1974 to 1998 it was included as an event for both genders at the Acrobatic Gymnastics World Championships. The event has also been contested since 1976 at the Trampoline World Championships. Since the recognition of Trampoline and Acrobatic Gymnastics as FIG disciplines in 1999, official Tumbling competitions are only allowed as an event in Trampoline gymnastics meets.

title: Gymnastics

title: Gymnastics

text: In

text: tumbling

text: athletes

text: perform

text: an

text: explosive

text: series

text: of

text: flips

text: and

text: twists

text: down

text: a

text: sprung

text: tumbling

text: track

text: Scoring

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: trampolining

text: Tumbling

text: was

text: originally

text: contested

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: events

text: in

text: Men

text: 's

text: Artistic

text: Gymnastics

text: at

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: and

text: in

text: and

text: at

text: the

text: Pan

text: American

text: Games

text: From

text: to

text: it

text: was

text: included

text: as

text: an

text: event

text: for

text: both

text: genders

text: at

text: the

text: Acrobatic

text: Gymnastics

text: World

text: Championships

text: The

text: event

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: contested

text: since

text: at

text: the

text: Trampoline

text: World

text: Championships

text: Since

text: the

text: recognition

text: of

text: Trampoline

text: and

text: Acrobatic

text: Gymnastics

text: as

text: FIG

text: disciplines

text: in

text: official

text: Tumbling

text: competitions

text: are

text: only

text: allowed

text: as

text: an

text: event

text: in

text: Trampoline

text: gymnastics

text: meets

question: What do athletes perform for tumbling?

answer: an explosive series of flips and twists down a sprung tumbling track

text: an explosive series of flips and twists down a sprung tumbling track

question: When was tumbling orginally contested at the Olympics?

answer: 1932

question: Where are offical tumbling competitions allowed?

answer: only allowed as an event in Trampoline gymnastics meets

text: only allowed as an event in Trampoline gymnastics meets

question: What year did FIG reconginze Trampoline and Acrobatic Gymnastics?

answer: 1999

question: What is involved in trampolining?

question: When were the first Pan American Games

question: What restriction was placed on tumbling in 1997?

question: What year did the Trampoline Championships begin?

question: What was contested as one of the events in Men's Artistic Gymnastics at the 1938 Summer Olympics?

text: Tumbling


text: Entry lights can be used outside to illuminate and signal the entrance to a property. These lights are installed for safety, security, and for decoration.

title: Lighting

title: Lighting

text: Entry

text: lights

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: outside

text: to

text: illuminate

text: and

text: signal

text: the

text: entrance

text: to

text: a

text: property

text: These

text: lights

text: are

text: installed

text: for

text: safety

text: security

text: and

text: for

text: decoration

question: What type of light would be used illuminate the entrance to a property?

answer: Entry lights

text: Entry lights


text: At the legislative level, a unicameral Assembleia Nacional Popular (National People's Assembly) is made up of 100 members. They are popularly elected from multi-member constituencies to serve a four-year term. The judicial system is headed by a Tribunal Supremo da Justiça (Supreme Court), made up of nine justices appointed by the president; they serve at the pleasure of the president.

title: Guinea-Bissau

title: Guinea

title: Bissau

text: At

text: the

text: legislative

text: level

text: a

text: unicameral

text: Assembleia

text: Nacional

text: Popular

text: National

text: People

text: 's

text: Assembly

text: is

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: members

text: They

text: are

text: popularly

text: elected

text: from

text: multi

text: member

text: constituencies

text: to

text: serve

text: a

text: four

text: year

text: term

text: The

text: judicial

text: system

text: is

text: headed

text: by

text: a

text: Tribunal

text: Supremo

text: da

text: Justiça

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: nine

text: justices

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: president

text: they

text: serve

text: at

text: the

text: pleasure

text: of

text: the

text: president

question: How many members compose the legislature?

answer: 100

question: Is the legislature bicameral or unicameral?

answer: unicameral

text: unicameral

question: How long do members serve in the legislature?

answer: four-year term

text: four-year term

question: What is the head of the judicial system?

answer: Tribunal Supremo da Justiça (Supreme Court)

text: Tribunal Supremo da Justiça (Supreme Court)

question: How many justices are on the Supreme Court?

answer: nine

text: nine


text: Fachhochschulen were first founded in the early 1970s. They do not focus exclusively on technology, but may also offer courses in social science, medicine, business and design. They grant bachelor's degrees and master's degrees, and focus more on teaching than research and more on specific professions than on science.

title: Institute_of_technology

title: Institute_of_technology

text: Fachhochschulen

text: were

text: first

text: founded

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: They

text: do

text: not

text: focus

text: exclusively

text: on

text: technology

text: but

text: may

text: also

text: offer

text: courses

text: in

text: social

text: science

text: medicine

text: business

text: and

text: design

text: They

text: grant

text: bachelor

text: 's

text: degrees

text: and

text: master

text: 's

text: degrees

text: and

text: focus

text: more

text: on

text: teaching

text: than

text: research

text: and

text: more

text: on

text: specific

text: professions

text: than

text: on

text: science

question: Fachhochschulen first came about in the early years of what decade?

answer: 1970s

question: Fachhochschulen favor an education in what, as opposed to research?

answer: teaching

text: teaching

question: In addition to technology, Fachhochschulen offer courses in social science, medicine, design, and what other discipline?

answer: business

text: business


text: Madonna is dedicated to Kabbalah, and in 2004 she adopted the name Esther which in Persian means "star". She has donated millions of dollars to New York and London schools teaching the subject. She faced opposition from rabbis who felt Madonna's adoption of the Kabbalah was sacrilegious and a case of celebrity dilettantism. Madonna defended her studies, saying: "It would be less controversial if I joined the Nazi Party", and that her involvement with the Kabbalah is "not hurting anybody". The influence of the Kabbalah was subsequently observed in Madonna's music, especially albums like Ray of Light and Music. During the Re-Invention World Tour, at one point in the show, Madonna and her dancers wore T-shirts that read "Kabbalists Do It Better". Her 2012 MDNA album has also drawn many influences from her Catholic upbringing, and since 2011 she has been attending meetings and services at an Opus Dei center, a Catholic institution that encourages spirituality through every day life.

title: Madonna_(entertainer)

title: Madonna_(entertainer

text: Madonna

text: is

text: dedicated

text: to

text: Kabbalah

text: and

text: in

text: she

text: adopted

text: the

text: name

text: Esther

text: which

text: in

text: Persian

text: means

text: star

text: She

text: has

text: donated

text: millions

text: of

text: dollars

text: to

text: New

text: York

text: and

text: London

text: schools

text: teaching

text: the

text: subject

text: She

text: faced

text: opposition

text: from

text: rabbis

text: who

text: felt

text: Madonna

text: 's

text: adoption

text: of

text: the

text: Kabbalah

text: was

text: sacrilegious

text: and

text: a

text: case

text: of

text: celebrity

text: dilettantism

text: Madonna

text: defended

text: her

text: studies

text: saying

text: It

text: would

text: be

text: less

text: controversial

text: if

text: I

text: joined

text: the

text: Nazi

text: Party

text: and

text: that

text: her

text: involvement

text: with

text: the

text: Kabbalah

text: is

text: not

text: hurting

text: anybody

text: The

text: influence

text: of

text: the

text: Kabbalah

text: was

text: subsequently

text: observed

text: in

text: Madonna

text: 's

text: music

text: especially

text: albums

text: like

text: Ray

text: of

text: Light

text: and

text: Music

text: During

text: the

text: Re

text: Invention

text: World

text: Tour

text: at

text: one

text: point

text: in

text: the

text: show

text: Madonna

text: and

text: her

text: dancers

text: wore

text: T

text: shirts

text: that

text: read

text: Kabbalists

text: Do

text: It

text: Better

text: Her

text: MDNA

text: album

text: has

text: also

text: drawn

text: many

text: influences

text: from

text: her

text: Catholic

text: upbringing

text: and

text: since

text: she

text: has

text: been

text: attending

text: meetings

text: and

text: services

text: at

text: an

text: Opus

text: Dei

text: center

text: a

text: Catholic

text: institution

text: that

text: encourages

text: spirituality

text: through

text: every

text: day

text: life

question: Which religion was Madonna dedicated to?

answer: Kabbalah

text: Kabbalah

question: Which year did she adopt the name Esther?

answer: 2004

question: The influence of Kabbalah is seen in which album?

answer: Ray of Light

text: Ray of Light

question: Where did Madonna attend Catholic services in 2011?

answer: Opus Dei center

text: Opus Dei center


text: Erich Koch headed the East Prussian Nazi party from 1928. He led the district from 1932. This period was characterized by efforts to collectivize the local agriculture and ruthlessness in dealing with his critics inside and outside the Party. He also had long-term plans for mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province. These actions made him unpopular among the local peasants. In 1932 the local paramilitary SA had already started to terrorise their political opponents. On the night of 31 July 1932 there was a bomb attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats in Königsberg, the Otto-Braun-House. The Communist politician Gustav Sauf was killed; the executive editor of the Social Democrat "Königsberger Volkszeitung", Otto Wyrgatsch, and the German People's Party politician Max von Bahrfeldt were severely injured. Members of the Reichsbanner were attacked and the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Lötzen, Kurt Kotzan, was murdered on 6 August 1932.

title: East_Prussia

title: East_Prussia

text: Erich

text: Koch

text: headed

text: the

text: East

text: Prussian

text: Nazi

text: party

text: from

text: He

text: led

text: the

text: district

text: from

text: This

text: period

text: was

text: characterized

text: by

text: efforts

text: to

text: collectivize

text: the

text: local

text: agriculture

text: and

text: ruthlessness

text: in

text: dealing

text: with

text: his

text: critics

text: inside

text: and

text: outside

text: the

text: Party

text: He

text: also

text: had

text: long

text: term

text: plans

text: for

text: mass

text: scale

text: industrialization

text: of

text: the

text: largely

text: agricultural

text: province

text: These

text: actions

text: made

text: him

text: unpopular

text: among

text: the

text: local

text: peasants

text: In

text: the

text: local

text: paramilitary

text: SA

text: had

text: already

text: started

text: to

text: terrorise

text: their

text: political

text: opponents

text: On

text: the

text: night

text: of

text: July

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: bomb

text: attack

text: on

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: the

text: Social

text: Democrats

text: in

text: Königsberg

text: the

text: Otto

text: Braun

text: House

text: The

text: Communist

text: politician

text: Gustav

text: Sauf

text: was

text: killed

text: the

text: executive

text: editor

text: of

text: the

text: Social

text: Democrat

text: Königsberger

text: Volkszeitung

text: Otto

text: Wyrgatsch

text: and

text: the

text: German

text: People

text: 's

text: Party

text: politician

text: Max

text: von

text: Bahrfeldt

text: were

text: severely

text: injured

text: Members

text: of

text: the

text: Reichsbanner

text: were

text: attacked

text: and

text: the

text: local

text: Reichsbanner

text: Chairman

text: of

text: Lötzen

text: Kurt

text: Kotzan

text: was

text: murdered

text: on

text: August

question: Who was the leader of the East Prussian Nazi Party?

answer: Erich Koch

text: Erich Koch

question: What large plans did Koch have?

answer: mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province

text: mass-scale industrialization of the largely agricultural province

question: What even occurred during the summer of 1932 in Konigsberg?

answer: attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats

text: attack on the headquarters of the Social Democrats

question: Who was killed in the attack of the Social Democrats?

answer: Gustav Sauf

text: Gustav Sauf

question: In what year did Konigsberger Volkszeitung become an executive editor?

question: In what year did Kurt Kotzan become the Reichsbanner Chairman of Lotzen?

question: Who was the local Reichsbanner Chairman of Konigsberg?

text: Max von Bahrfeldt

question: In what year did Max von Bahrfeldt become a politician for the German People's Party?

question: In what year did the East Prussian Nazi party form?


text: Montana is home to a diverse array of fauna that includes 14 amphibian, 90 fish, 117 mammal, 20 reptile and 427 bird species. Additionally, there are over 10,000 invertebrate species, including 180 mollusks and 30 crustaceans. Montana has the largest grizzly bear population in the lower 48 states. Montana hosts five federally endangered species–black-footed ferret, whooping crane, least tern, pallid sturgeon and white sturgeon and seven threatened species including the grizzly bear, Canadian lynx and bull trout. The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks manages fishing and hunting seasons for at least 17 species of game fish including seven species of trout, walleye and smallmouth bass and at least 29 species of game birds and animals including ring-neck pheasant, grey partridge, elk, pronghorn antelope, mule deer, whitetail deer, gray wolf and bighorn sheep.

title: Montana

title: Montana

text: Montana

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: a

text: diverse

text: array

text: of

text: fauna

text: that

text: includes

text: amphibian

text: fish

text: mammal

text: reptile

text: and

text: bird

text: species

text: Additionally

text: there

text: are

text: over

text: invertebrate

text: species

text: including

text: mollusks

text: and

text: crustaceans

text: Montana

text: has

text: the

text: largest

text: grizzly

text: bear

text: population

text: in

text: the

text: lower

text: states

text: Montana

text: hosts

text: five

text: federally

text: endangered

text: species

text: black

text: footed

text: ferret

text: whooping

text: crane

text: least

text: tern

text: pallid

text: sturgeon

text: and

text: white

text: sturgeon

text: and

text: seven

text: threatened

text: species

text: including

text: the

text: grizzly

text: bear

text: Canadian

text: lynx

text: and

text: bull

text: trout

text: The

text: Montana

text: Department

text: of

text: Fish

text: Wildlife

text: and

text: Parks

text: manages

text: fishing

text: and

text: hunting

text: seasons

text: for

text: at

text: least

text: species

text: of

text: game

text: fish

text: including

text: seven

text: species

text: of

text: trout

text: walleye

text: and

text: smallmouth

text: bass

text: and

text: at

text: least

text: species

text: of

text: game

text: birds

text: and

text: animals

text: including

text: ring

text: neck

text: pheasant

text: grey

text: partridge

text: elk

text: pronghorn

text: antelope

text: mule

text: deer

text: whitetail

text: deer

text: gray

text: wolf

text: and

text: bighorn

text: sheep

question: How many different types of fish are diverse to Montana?

answer: 90

question: What type of bear does Montana have the highest population of?

answer: grizzly bear

text: grizzly bear

question: How many endangered species are in Montana?

answer: five

text: five

question: How many species of game fish have hunting seasons?

answer: at least 17

text: at least 17


text: News reports indicate that the poorer, rural villages were hardest hit. Swaminathan Krishnan, assistant professor of civil engineering and geophysics at the California Institute of Technology said: "the earthquake occurred in the rural part of China. Presumably, many of the buildings were just built; they were not designed, so to speak." Swaminathan Krishnan further added: "There are very strong building codes in China, which take care of earthquake issues and seismic design issues. But many of these buildings presumably were quite old and probably were not built with any regulations overseeing them."

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: News

text: reports

text: indicate

text: that

text: the

text: poorer

text: rural

text: villages

text: were

text: hardest

text: hit

text: Swaminathan

text: Krishnan

text: assistant

text: professor

text: of

text: civil

text: engineering

text: and

text: geophysics

text: at

text: the

text: California

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: said

text: the

text: earthquake

text: occurred

text: in

text: the

text: rural

text: part

text: of

text: China

text: Presumably

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: buildings

text: were

text: just

text: built

text: they

text: were

text: not

text: designed

text: so

text: to

text: speak

text: Swaminathan

text: Krishnan

text: further

text: added

text: There

text: are

text: very

text: strong

text: building

text: codes

text: in

text: China

text: which

text: take

text: care

text: of

text: earthquake

text: issues

text: and

text: seismic

text: design

text: issues

text: But

text: many

text: of

text: these

text: buildings

text: presumably

text: were

text: quite

text: old

text: and

text: probably

text: were

text: not

text: built

text: with

text: any

text: regulations

text: overseeing

text: them

question: What areas were the hardest hit?

answer: the poorer, rural villages

text: the poorer, rural villages

question: Who was an assistant professor of civil engineering and geophysics at the California Institute of Technology?

answer: Swaminathan Krishnan

text: Swaminathan Krishnan

question: What part of China did the earthquake occur in?

answer: rural part

text: rural part

question: What did Swaminathan Krishnan mean when he said the buildings were just built?

answer: not designed

text: not designed

question: What manner of building codes are there in China?

answer: very strong

text: very strong

question: What were many of these old buildings built without?

answer: regulations

text: regulations


text: However, while Whitehead saw religion as beginning in solitariness, he also saw religion as necessarily expanding beyond the individual. In keeping with his process metaphysics in which relations are primary, he wrote that religion necessitates the realization of "the value of the objective world which is a community derivative from the interrelations of its component individuals." In other words, the universe is a community which makes itself whole through the relatedness of each individual entity to all the others – meaning and value do not exist for the individual alone, but only in the context of the universal community. Whitehead writes further that each entity "can find no such value till it has merged its individual claim with that of the objective universe. Religion is world-loyalty. The spirit at once surrenders itself to this universal claim and appropriates it for itself." In this way the individual and universal/social aspects of religion are mutually dependent.

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

text: However

text: while

text: Whitehead

text: saw

text: religion

text: as

text: beginning

text: in

text: solitariness

text: he

text: also

text: saw

text: religion

text: as

text: necessarily

text: expanding

text: beyond

text: the

text: individual

text: In

text: keeping

text: with

text: his

text: process

text: metaphysics

text: in

text: which

text: relations

text: are

text: primary

text: he

text: wrote

text: that

text: religion

text: necessitates

text: the

text: realization

text: of

text: the

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: objective

text: world

text: which

text: is

text: a

text: community

text: derivative

text: from

text: the

text: interrelations

text: of

text: its

text: component

text: individuals

text: In

text: other

text: words

text: the

text: universe

text: is

text: a

text: community

text: which

text: makes

text: itself

text: whole

text: through

text: the

text: relatedness

text: of

text: each

text: individual

text: entity

text: to

text: all

text: the

text: others

text: meaning

text: and

text: value

text: do

text: not

text: exist

text: for

text: the

text: individual

text: alone

text: but

text: only

text: in

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: the

text: universal

text: community

text: Whitehead

text: writes

text: further

text: that

text: each

text: entity

text: can

text: find

text: no

text: such

text: value

text: till

text: it

text: has

text: merged

text: its

text: individual

text: claim

text: with

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: objective

text: universe

text: Religion

text: is

text: world

text: loyalty

text: The

text: spirit

text: at

text: once

text: surrenders

text: itself

text: to

text: this

text: universal

text: claim

text: and

text: appropriates

text: it

text: for

text: itself

text: In

text: this

text: way

text: the

text: individual

text: and

text: universal

text: social

text: aspects

text: of

text: religion

text: are

text: mutually

text: dependent

question: In what state did Whitehead believe religion began?

answer: solitariness

text: solitariness

question: What realization did Whitehead believe religion made necessary?

answer: "the value of the objective world which is a community derivative from the interrelations of its component individuals."

text: "the value of the objective world which is a community derivative from the interrelations of its component individuals."

question: What did Whitehead believe was necessary for an entity to have meaning and value?

answer: meaning and value do not exist for the individual alone, but only in the context of the universal community

text: meaning and value do not exist for the individual alone, but only in the context of the universal community

question: How does Whitehead describe religion as world-loyalty?

answer: The spirit at once surrenders itself to this universal claim and appropriates it for itself

text: The spirit at once surrenders itself to this universal claim and appropriates it for itself

question: What did Whitehead believe was the relationship between the individual and social aspects of religion?

answer: the individual and universal/social aspects of religion are mutually dependent

text: the individual and universal/social aspects of religion are mutually dependent

question: How does Whitehead describe religion as non-world-loyalty?

question: In what state did Whitehead believe religion not begin?

text: solitariness

question: What did Whitehead believe was not necessary for an entity to have meaning and value?

question: What did Whitehead believe was the relationship between the individual and nonsocial aspects of religion?

text: individual and universal/social aspects


text: Despite trading for pitcher Matt Garza and signing free-agent slugger Carlos Peña, the Cubs finished the 2011 season 20 games under .500 with a record of 71-91. Weeks after the season came to an end, the club was rejuvenated in the form of a new philosophy, as new owner Tom Ricketts signed Theo Epstein away from the Boston Red Sox, naming him club President and giving him a five-year contract worth over $18 million, and subsequently discharged manager Mike Quade. Epstein, a proponent of sabremetrics and one of the architects of two world series titles in Boston brought along Jed Hoyer to fill the role of GM and hired Dale Sveum as manager. Although the team had a dismal 2012 season, losing 101 games (the worst record since 1966) it was largely expected. The youth movement ushered in by Epstein and Hoyer began as longtime fan favorite Kerry Wood retired in May, followed by Ryan Dempster and Geovany Soto being traded to Texas at the All-Star break for a group of minor league prospects headlined by Christian Villanueva. The development of Castro, Anthony Rizzo, Darwin Barney, Brett Jackson and pitcher Jeff Samardzija as well as the replenishing of the minor-league system with prospects such as Javier Baez, Albert Almora, and Jorge Soler became the primary focus of the season, a philosophy which the new management said would carry over at least through the 2013 season.

title: Chicago_Cubs

title: Chicago_Cubs

text: Despite

text: trading

text: for

text: pitcher

text: Matt

text: Garza

text: and

text: signing

text: free

text: agent

text: slugger

text: Carlos

text: Peña

text: the

text: Cubs

text: finished

text: the

text: season

text: games

text: under

text: with

text: a

text: record

text: of

text: Weeks

text: after

text: the

text: season

text: came

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: the

text: club

text: was

text: rejuvenated

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: philosophy

text: as

text: new

text: owner

text: Tom

text: Ricketts

text: signed

text: Theo

text: Epstein

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: Boston

text: Red

text: Sox

text: naming

text: him

text: club

text: President

text: and

text: giving

text: him

text: a

text: five

text: year

text: contract

text: worth

text: over

text: million

text: and

text: subsequently

text: discharged

text: manager

text: Mike

text: Quade

text: Epstein

text: a

text: proponent

text: of

text: sabremetrics

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: architects

text: of

text: two

text: world

text: series

text: titles

text: in

text: Boston

text: brought

text: along

text: Jed

text: Hoyer

text: to

text: fill

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: GM

text: and

text: hired

text: Dale

text: Sveum

text: as

text: manager

text: Although

text: the

text: team

text: had

text: a

text: dismal

text: season

text: losing

text: games

text: the

text: worst

text: record

text: since

text: it

text: was

text: largely

text: expected

text: The

text: youth

text: movement

text: ushered

text: in

text: by

text: Epstein

text: and

text: Hoyer

text: began

text: as

text: longtime

text: fan

text: favorite

text: Kerry

text: Wood

text: retired

text: in

text: May

text: followed

text: by

text: Ryan

text: Dempster

text: and

text: Geovany

text: Soto

text: being

text: traded

text: to

text: Texas

text: at

text: the

text: All

text: Star

text: break

text: for

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: minor

text: league

text: prospects

text: headlined

text: by

text: Christian

text: Villanueva

text: The

text: development

text: of

text: Castro

text: Anthony

text: Rizzo

text: Darwin

text: Barney

text: Brett

text: Jackson

text: and

text: pitcher

text: Jeff

text: Samardzija

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: replenishing

text: of

text: the

text: minor

text: league

text: system

text: with

text: prospects

text: such

text: as

text: Javier

text: Baez

text: Albert

text: Almora

text: and

text: Jorge

text: Soler

text: became

text: the

text: primary

text: focus

text: of

text: the

text: season

text: a

text: philosophy

text: which

text: the

text: new

text: management

text: said

text: would

text: carry

text: over

text: at

text: least

text: through

text: the

text: season

question: How many games under .500 did the Cubs finish the 2011 season with?

answer: 20

question: Who was the new owner of the Cubs?

answer: Tom Ricketts

text: Tom Ricketts

question: Who did the new owner of the Cubs sign from the Boston Red Sox?

answer: Theo Epstein

text: Theo Epstein

question: How much was the contract given to Theo Epstein worth?

answer: $18 million

text: $18 million


text: Bernanke explained that between 1996 and 2004, the U.S. current account deficit increased by $650 billion, from 1.5% to 5.8% of GDP. Financing these deficits required the country to borrow large sums from abroad, much of it from countries running trade surpluses. These were mainly the emerging economies in Asia and oil-exporting nations. The balance of payments identity requires that a country (such as the U.S.) running a current account deficit also have a capital account (investment) surplus of the same amount. Hence large and growing amounts of foreign funds (capital) flowed into the U.S. to finance its imports.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: Bernanke

text: explained

text: that

text: between

text: and

text: the

text: U.S.

text: current

text: account

text: deficit

text: increased

text: by

text: billion

text: from

text: to

text: of

text: GDP

text: Financing

text: these

text: deficits

text: required

text: the

text: country

text: to

text: borrow

text: large

text: sums

text: from

text: abroad

text: much

text: of

text: it

text: from

text: countries

text: running

text: trade

text: surpluses

text: These

text: were

text: mainly

text: the

text: emerging

text: economies

text: in

text: Asia

text: and

text: oil

text: exporting

text: nations

text: The

text: balance

text: of

text: payments

text: identity

text: requires

text: that

text: a

text: country

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: U.S.

text: running

text: a

text: current

text: account

text: deficit

text: also

text: have

text: a

text: capital

text: account

text: investment

text: surplus

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: amount

text: Hence

text: large

text: and

text: growing

text: amounts

text: of

text: foreign

text: funds

text: capital

text: flowed

text: into

text: the

text: U.S.

text: to

text: finance

text: its

text: imports

question: Per Bernanke, how much did the U.S. current account deficit increase between 1996 and 2004?

answer: $650 billion

text: $650 billion

question: What percentage of GDP was the U.S. current account deficit in 2004?

answer: 5.8%

question: What emerging economies did the U.S. borrow money from between 1996 and 2004 to finance its imports?

answer: Asia and oil-exporting nations

text: Asia and oil-exporting nations

question: What type account is needed by the U.S. to balance an account deficit?

answer: capital account

text: capital account

question: Where did the U.S. obtain capital to finance its imports?

answer: foreign funds

text: foreign funds