text: The Greek national basketball team has a decades-long tradition of excellence in the sport, being considered among the world's top basketball powers. As of 2012, it ranked 4th in the world and 2nd in Europe. They have won the European Championship twice in 1987 and 2005, and have reached the final four in two of the last four FIBA World Championships, taking the second place in the world in 2006 FIBA World Championship, after a spectacular 101–95 win against Team USA in the tournament's semifinal. The domestic top basketball league, A1 Ethniki, is composed of fourteen teams. The most successful Greek teams are Olympiacos, Panathinaikos, Aris Thessaloniki, AEK Athens and P.A.O.K. Greek basketball teams are the most successful in European basketball the last 25 years, having won as many as 9 Euroleagues since the establishment of the modern era Euroleague Final Four format in 1988, while no other nation has won more than 4 Euroleague championships in this period. Besides the 9 Euroleagues, Greek basketball teams (Panathinaikos, Olympiacos, Aris Thessaloniki, AEK Athens, P.A.O.K, Maroussi) have won 3 Triple Crowns, 5 Saporta Cups, 2 Korać Cups and 1 FIBA Europe Champions Cup. After the 2005 European Championship triumph of the Greek national basketball team, Greece became the reigning European Champion in both football and basketball.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: The

text: Greek

text: national

text: basketball

text: team

text: has

text: a

text: decades

text: long

text: tradition

text: of

text: excellence

text: in

text: the

text: sport

text: being

text: considered

text: among

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: top

text: basketball

text: powers

text: As

text: of

text: it

text: ranked

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: in

text: Europe

text: They

text: have

text: won

text: the

text: European

text: Championship

text: twice

text: in

text: and

text: and

text: have

text: reached

text: the

text: final

text: four

text: in

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: last

text: four

text: FIBA

text: World

text: Championships

text: taking

text: the

text: second

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: FIBA

text: World

text: Championship

text: after

text: a

text: spectacular

text: win

text: against

text: Team

text: USA

text: in

text: the

text: tournament

text: 's

text: semifinal

text: The

text: domestic

text: top

text: basketball

text: league

text: Ethniki

text: is

text: composed

text: of

text: fourteen

text: teams

text: The

text: most

text: successful

text: Greek

text: teams

text: are

text: Olympiacos

text: Panathinaikos

text: Aris

text: Thessaloniki

text: AEK

text: Athens

text: and

text: P.A.O.K.

text: Greek

text: basketball

text: teams

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: successful

text: in

text: European

text: basketball

text: the

text: last

text: years

text: having

text: won

text: as

text: many

text: as

text: Euroleagues

text: since

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: era

text: Euroleague

text: Final

text: Four

text: format

text: in

text: while

text: no

text: other

text: nation

text: has

text: won

text: more

text: than

text: Euroleague

text: championships

text: in

text: this

text: period

text: Besides

text: the

text: Euroleagues

text: Greek

text: basketball

text: teams

text: Panathinaikos

text: Olympiacos

text: Aris

text: Thessaloniki

text: AEK

text: Athens

text: P.A.O.K

text: Maroussi

text: have

text: won

text: Triple

text: Crowns

text: Saporta

text: Cups

text: Korać

text: Cups

text: and

text: FIBA

text: Europe

text: Champions

text: Cup

text: After

text: the

text: European

text: Championship

text: triumph

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: national

text: basketball

text: team

text: Greece

text: became

text: the

text: reigning

text: European

text: Champion

text: in

text: both

text: football

text: and

text: basketball

question: The Greek national basketball team held what world ranking in 2012?

answer: 4th

question: The Greek national basketball in 2012 held what ranking in Europe?

answer: 2nd

question: How many times has the Greek national basketball team won the European championship?

answer: twice

text: twice

question: Who did the Greek basketball team beat in the 2006 FIBA World Championship?

answer: Team USA

text: Team USA

question: What is the name of Greece's top domestic basketball league?

answer: A1 Ethniki

text: A1 Ethniki


text: A number of decoy towns were constructed in Somerset in World War II to protect Bristol and other towns, at night. They were designed to mimic the geometry of "blacked out" streets, railway lines, and Bristol Temple Meads railway station, to encourage bombers away from these targets. One, on the radio beam flight path to Bristol, was constructed on Beacon Batch. It was laid out by Shepperton Studios, based on aerial photographs of the city's railway marshalling yards. The decoys were fitted with dim red lights, simulating activities like the stoking of steam locomotives. Burning bales of straw soaked in creosote were used to simulate the effects of incendiary bombs dropped by the first wave of Pathfinder night bombers; meanwhile, incendiary bombs dropped on the correct location were quickly smothered, wherever possible. Drums of oil were also ignited to simulate the effect of a blazing city or town, with the aim of fooling subsequent waves of bombers into dropping their bombs on the wrong location. The Chew Magna decoy town was hit by half-a-dozen bombs on 2 December 1940, and over a thousand incendiaries on 3 January 1941. The following night the Uphill decoy town, protecting Weston-super-Mare's airfield, was bombed; a herd of dairy cows was hit, killing some and severely injuring others.

title: Somerset

title: Somerset

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: decoy

text: towns

text: were

text: constructed

text: in

text: Somerset

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: to

text: protect

text: Bristol

text: and

text: other

text: towns

text: at

text: night

text: They

text: were

text: designed

text: to

text: mimic

text: the

text: geometry

text: of

text: blacked

text: out

text: streets

text: railway

text: lines

text: and

text: Bristol

text: Temple

text: Meads

text: railway

text: station

text: to

text: encourage

text: bombers

text: away

text: from

text: these

text: targets

text: One

text: on

text: the

text: radio

text: beam

text: flight

text: path

text: to

text: Bristol

text: was

text: constructed

text: on

text: Beacon

text: Batch

text: It

text: was

text: laid

text: out

text: by

text: Shepperton

text: Studios

text: based

text: on

text: aerial

text: photographs

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: railway

text: marshalling

text: yards

text: The

text: decoys

text: were

text: fitted

text: with

text: dim

text: red

text: lights

text: simulating

text: activities

text: like

text: the

text: stoking

text: of

text: steam

text: locomotives

text: Burning

text: bales

text: of

text: straw

text: soaked

text: in

text: creosote

text: were

text: used

text: to

text: simulate

text: the

text: effects

text: of

text: incendiary

text: bombs

text: dropped

text: by

text: the

text: first

text: wave

text: of

text: Pathfinder

text: night

text: bombers

text: meanwhile

text: incendiary

text: bombs

text: dropped

text: on

text: the

text: correct

text: location

text: were

text: quickly

text: smothered

text: wherever

text: possible

text: Drums

text: of

text: oil

text: were

text: also

text: ignited

text: to

text: simulate

text: the

text: effect

text: of

text: a

text: blazing

text: city

text: or

text: town

text: with

text: the

text: aim

text: of

text: fooling

text: subsequent

text: waves

text: of

text: bombers

text: into

text: dropping

text: their

text: bombs

text: on

text: the

text: wrong

text: location

text: The

text: Chew

text: Magna

text: decoy

text: town

text: was

text: hit

text: by

text: half

text: a

text: dozen

text: bombs

text: on

text: December

text: and

text: over

text: a

text: thousand

text: incendiaries

text: on

text: January

text: The

text: following

text: night

text: the

text: Uphill

text: decoy

text: town

text: protecting

text: Weston

text: super

text: Mare

text: 's

text: airfield

text: was

text: bombed

text: a

text: herd

text: of

text: dairy

text: cows

text: was

text: hit

text: killing

text: some

text: and

text: severely

text: injuring

text: others

question: Why were decoy towns used in WW2

answer: decoy towns were constructed in Somerset in World War II to protect Bristol and other towns, at night

text: decoy towns were constructed in Somerset in World War II to protect Bristol and other towns, at night

question: What did the decoy towns mimic

answer: mimic the geometry of "blacked out" streets, railway lines, and Bristol Temple Meads railway station, to encourage bombers away from these targets

text: mimic the geometry of "blacked out" streets, railway lines, and Bristol Temple Meads railway station, to encourage bombers away from these targets

question: Who layed out  Beacon Batch

answer: Shepperton Studios, based on aerial photographs of the city's railway marshalling yards. The decoys were fitted with dim red lights

text: Shepperton Studios, based on aerial photographs of the city's railway marshalling yards. The decoys were fitted with dim red lights

question: What decoy city was hit

answer: The Chew Magna decoy town was hit by half-a-dozen bombs on 2 December 1940, and over a thousand incendiaries on 3 January 1941

text: The Chew Magna decoy town was hit by half-a-dozen bombs on 2 December 1940, and over a thousand incendiaries on 3 January 1941

question: How many times was the Uphill decoy town bombed on 4 January 1942?

text: half-a-dozen

question: Who laid out Chew Magna decoy town?

text: Shepperton Studios

question: How many dairy cows were killed when the Uphill decoy town was bombed?

text: half-a-dozen

question: Who created the Uphill decoy town?

text: Bristol

question: Where did the Pathfinder night bombers usually take off from to bomb Somerset?

text: Weston-super-Mare's airfield


text: From the early 1930s eight countries developed radar, these developments were sufficiently advanced by the late 1930s for development work on sound locating acoustic devices to be generally halted, although equipment was retained. Furthermore, in Britain the volunteer Observer Corps formed in 1925 provided a network of observation posts to report hostile aircraft flying over Britain. Initially radar was used for airspace surveillance to detect approaching hostile aircraft. However, the German Würzburg radar was capable of providing data suitable for controlling AA guns and the British AA No 1 Mk 1 GL radar was designed to be used on AA gun positions.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: From

text: the

text: early

text: eight

text: countries

text: developed

text: radar

text: these

text: developments

text: were

text: sufficiently

text: advanced

text: by

text: the

text: late

text: for

text: development

text: work

text: on

text: sound

text: locating

text: acoustic

text: devices

text: to

text: be

text: generally

text: halted

text: although

text: equipment

text: was

text: retained

text: Furthermore

text: in

text: Britain

text: the

text: volunteer

text: Observer

text: Corps

text: formed

text: in

text: provided

text: a

text: network

text: of

text: observation

text: posts

text: to

text: report

text: hostile

text: aircraft

text: flying

text: over

text: Britain

text: Initially

text: radar

text: was

text: used

text: for

text: airspace

text: surveillance

text: to

text: detect

text: approaching

text: hostile

text: aircraft

text: However

text: the

text: German

text: Würzburg

text: radar

text: was

text: capable

text: of

text: providing

text: data

text: suitable

text: for

text: controlling

text: AA

text: guns

text: and

text: the

text: British

text: AA

text: No

text: Mk

text: GL

text: radar

text: was

text: designed

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: on

text: AA

text: gun

text: positions

question: How many different countries developed radar starting in the 1930s?

answer: eight

text: eight

question: Where was the Observer Corps based?

answer: Britain

text: Britain

question: When was the Observer Corps formed?

answer: 1925

question: What did the Observer Corps observe and report on?

answer: hostile aircraft flying over Britain

text: hostile aircraft flying over Britain

question: What was originally used to see hostile aircraft approaching?

answer: radar

text: radar


text: A study in 2007 by Mark Long, an economics professor at the University of Washington, demonstrated that the alternatives of affirmative action proved ineffective in restoring minority enrollment in public flagship universities in California, Texas, and Washington. More specifically, apparent rebounds of minority enrollment can be explained by increasing minority enrollment in high schools of those states, and the beneficiaries of class-based (not race) affirmative action would be white students. At the same time, affirmative action itself is both morally and materially costly: 52 percent of white populace (compared to 14 percent of black) thought it should be abolished, implying white distaste of using racial identity, and full-file review is expected to cost the universities an additional $1.5 million to $2 million per year, excluding possible cost of litigation.

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: A

text: study

text: in

text: by

text: Mark

text: Long

text: an

text: economics

text: professor

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Washington

text: demonstrated

text: that

text: the

text: alternatives

text: of

text: affirmative

text: action

text: proved

text: ineffective

text: in

text: restoring

text: minority

text: enrollment

text: in

text: public

text: flagship

text: universities

text: in

text: California

text: Texas

text: and

text: Washington

text: More

text: specifically

text: apparent

text: rebounds

text: of

text: minority

text: enrollment

text: can

text: be

text: explained

text: by

text: increasing

text: minority

text: enrollment

text: in

text: high

text: schools

text: of

text: those

text: states

text: and

text: the

text: beneficiaries

text: of

text: class

text: based

text: not

text: race

text: affirmative

text: action

text: would

text: be

text: white

text: students

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: affirmative

text: action

text: itself

text: is

text: both

text: morally

text: and

text: materially

text: costly

text: percent

text: of

text: white

text: populace

text: compared

text: to

text: percent

text: of

text: black

text: thought

text: it

text: should

text: be

text: abolished

text: implying

text: white

text: distaste

text: of

text: using

text: racial

text: identity

text: and

text: full

text: file

text: review

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: cost

text: the

text: universities

text: an

text: additional

text: million

text: to

text: million

text: per

text: year

text: excluding

text: possible

text: cost

text: of

text: litigation

question: What area of study did professor Mark Long have a degree in?

answer: economics

text: economics

question: In which year did Long publish his study?

answer: 2007

question: How were rebounds of minority enrollment explained in Long's report?

answer: increasing minority enrollment in high schools

text: increasing minority enrollment in high schools

question: Who would supposedly be the beneficiaries of a class-based style affirmative action?

answer: white students

text: white students

question: What percentage of the black population thought affirmative action should be abolished?

answer: 14

question: What area of study did professor Mark Long have a job in?

text: economics

question: In which year did Long reject his study?

question: How were rebounds of minority enrollment rejected in Long's report?

question: Who would supposedly be the beneficiaries of a not class-based style affirmative action?

text: white students

question: What percentage of the black population thought affirmative action should not be abolished?


text: According to the 2014 United States Census estimates, there were 1,560,297 people residing in the City of Philadelphia, representing a 2.2% increase since 2010. From the 1960s up until 2006, the city's population declined year after year. It eventually reached a low of 1,488,710 residents in 2006 before beginning to rise again. Since 2006, Philadelphia added 71,587 residents in eight years. A study done by the city projected that the population would increase to about 1,630,000 residents by 2035, an increase of about 100,000 from 2010.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Census

text: estimates

text: there

text: were

text: people

text: residing

text: in

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Philadelphia

text: representing

text: a

text: increase

text: since

text: From

text: the

text: up

text: until

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: population

text: declined

text: year

text: after

text: year

text: It

text: eventually

text: reached

text: a

text: low

text: of

text: residents

text: in

text: before

text: beginning

text: to

text: rise

text: again

text: Since

text: Philadelphia

text: added

text: residents

text: in

text: eight

text: years

text: A

text: study

text: done

text: by

text: the

text: city

text: projected

text: that

text: the

text: population

text: would

text: increase

text: to

text: about

text: residents

text: by

text: an

text: increase

text: of

text: about

text: from

question: What is the 2014 population?

answer: 1,560,297

question: When was the low point in Philadelphia's population?

answer: 2006

question: How much is the population predicted to grow by 2035?

answer: 100,000


text: Cyberspace Support is foundational, continuous, or responsive operations ensuring information integrity and availability in, through, and from Air Force-controlled infrastructure and its interconnected analog and digital portion of the battle space. Inherent in this mission is the ability to establish, extend, secure, protect, and defend in order to sustain assigned networks and missions. This includes protection measures against supply chain components plus critical C2 networks/communications links and nuclear C2 networks. The cyberspace support mission incorporates CNE and CND techniques. It incorporates all elements of Air Force Network Operations, information transport, enterprise management, and information assurance, and is dependent on ISR and all-source intelligence.

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: Cyberspace

text: Support

text: is

text: foundational

text: continuous

text: or

text: responsive

text: operations

text: ensuring

text: information

text: integrity

text: and

text: availability

text: in

text: through

text: and

text: from

text: Air

text: Force

text: controlled

text: infrastructure

text: and

text: its

text: interconnected

text: analog

text: and

text: digital

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: battle

text: space

text: Inherent

text: in

text: this

text: mission

text: is

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: establish

text: extend

text: secure

text: protect

text: and

text: defend

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: sustain

text: assigned

text: networks

text: and

text: missions

text: This

text: includes

text: protection

text: measures

text: against

text: supply

text: chain

text: components

text: plus

text: critical

text: networks

text: communications

text: links

text: and

text: nuclear

text: networks

text: The

text: cyberspace

text: support

text: mission

text: incorporates

text: CNE

text: and

text: CND

text: techniques

text: It

text: incorporates

text: all

text: elements

text: of

text: Air

text: Force

text: Network

text: Operations

text: information

text: transport

text: enterprise

text: management

text: and

text: information

text: assurance

text: and

text: is

text: dependent

text: on

text: ISR

text: and

text: all

text: source

text: intelligence

question: What division ensures the Air Force's information integrity and availability?

answer: Cyberspace Support

text: Cyberspace Support

question: What is ability is critical in Cyberspace Supports mission?

answer: sustain assigned networks and missions

text: sustain assigned networks and missions

question: What important networks is it the function of Cyberspace support to protect?

answer: C2 networks/communications links and nuclear C2 networks

text: C2 networks/communications links and nuclear C2 networks

question: What techniques does the Cyberspace Support branch of the Air Force use?

answer: CNE and CND

text: CNE and CND


text: He also introduced the notion of a 'Universal Machine' (now known as a Universal Turing machine), with the idea that such a machine could perform the tasks of any other machine, or in other words, it is provably capable of computing anything that is computable by executing a program stored on tape, allowing the machine to be programmable. Von Neumann acknowledged that the central concept of the modern computer was due to this paper. Turing machines are to this day a central object of study in theory of computation. Except for the limitations imposed by their finite memory stores, modern computers are said to be Turing-complete, which is to say, they have algorithm execution capability equivalent to a universal Turing machine.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: He

text: also

text: introduced

text: the

text: notion

text: of

text: a

text: Universal

text: Machine

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: a

text: Universal

text: Turing

text: machine

text: with

text: the

text: idea

text: that

text: such

text: a

text: machine

text: could

text: perform

text: the

text: tasks

text: of

text: any

text: other

text: machine

text: or

text: in

text: other

text: words

text: it

text: is

text: provably

text: capable

text: of

text: computing

text: anything

text: that

text: is

text: computable

text: by

text: executing

text: a

text: program

text: stored

text: on

text: tape

text: allowing

text: the

text: machine

text: to

text: be

text: programmable

text: Von

text: Neumann

text: acknowledged

text: that

text: the

text: central

text: concept

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: computer

text: was

text: due

text: to

text: this

text: paper

text: Turing

text: machines

text: are

text: to

text: this

text: day

text: a

text: central

text: object

text: of

text: study

text: in

text: theory

text: of

text: computation

text: Except

text: for

text: the

text: limitations

text: imposed

text: by

text: their

text: finite

text: memory

text: stores

text: modern

text: computers

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: be

text: Turing

text: complete

text: which

text: is

text: to

text: say

text: they

text: have

text: algorithm

text: execution

text: capability

text: equivalent

text: to

text: a

text: universal

text: Turing

text: machine

question: A Universal Machine is known as what today?

answer: Universal Turing machine

text: Universal Turing machine


text: As one of their first acts after end of the War of the Castilian Succession in 1479, Ferdinand and Isabella established the centrally organized and efficient Holy Brotherhood (Santa Hermandad) as a national police force. They adapted an existing brotherhood to the purpose of a general police acting under officials appointed by themselves, and endowed with great powers of summary jurisdiction even in capital cases. The original brotherhoods continued to serve as modest local police-units until their final suppression in 1835.

title: Police

title: Police

text: As

text: one

text: of

text: their

text: first

text: acts

text: after

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Castilian

text: Succession

text: in

text: Ferdinand

text: and

text: Isabella

text: established

text: the

text: centrally

text: organized

text: and

text: efficient

text: Holy

text: Brotherhood

text: Santa

text: Hermandad

text: as

text: a

text: national

text: police

text: force

text: They

text: adapted

text: an

text: existing

text: brotherhood

text: to

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: a

text: general

text: police

text: acting

text: under

text: officials

text: appointed

text: by

text: themselves

text: and

text: endowed

text: with

text: great

text: powers

text: of

text: summary

text: jurisdiction

text: even

text: in

text: capital

text: cases

text: The

text: original

text: brotherhoods

text: continued

text: to

text: serve

text: as

text: modest

text: local

text: police

text: units

text: until

text: their

text: final

text: suppression

text: in

question: What war ended in 1479?

answer: War of the Castilian Succession

text: War of the Castilian Succession

question: Who formed Spain's first national police force?

answer: Ferdinand and Isabella

text: Ferdinand and Isabella

question: What was Spain's first national police force called, in Spanish?

answer: Santa Hermandad

text: Santa Hermandad

question: What does Santa Hermandad mean?

answer: Holy Brotherhood

text: Holy Brotherhood

question: When did Spain suppress local police units?

answer: 1835

question: What war ended in 1497?

text: War of the Castilian Succession

question: Who formed Spain's last national police force?

text: Ferdinand and Isabella

question: What was Spain's second national police force called, in Spanish?

text: Santa Hermandad

question: What doesn't Santa Hermandad mean?

text: Holy Brotherhood

question: When did Spain empower local police units?


text: According to 2012 Pew Research Center survey if current trends continue, Christianity will remains the world's largest religion by year 2050. By 2050, the Christian population is expected to exceed 3 billion. While Muslims have an average of 3.1 children per woman—the highest rate of all religious groups. Christians are second, with 2.7 children per woman. High birth rates and conversion were cited as the reason for the Christian population growths. A 2015 study found that approximately 10.2 million Muslim converted to Christianity. Christianity is growing in Africa, Asia, Latin America, Muslim world, and Oceania.

title: Christian

title: Christian

text: According

text: to

text: Pew

text: Research

text: Center

text: survey

text: if

text: current

text: trends

text: continue

text: Christianity

text: will

text: remains

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: religion

text: by

text: year

text: By

text: the

text: Christian

text: population

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: exceed

text: billion

text: While

text: Muslims

text: have

text: an

text: average

text: of

text: children

text: per

text: woman

text: the

text: highest

text: rate

text: of

text: all

text: religious

text: groups

text: Christians

text: are

text: second

text: with

text: children

text: per

text: woman

text: High

text: birth

text: rates

text: and

text: conversion

text: were

text: cited

text: as

text: the

text: reason

text: for

text: the

text: Christian

text: population

text: growths

text: A

text: study

text: found

text: that

text: approximately

text: million

text: Muslim

text: converted

text: to

text: Christianity

text: Christianity

text: is

text: growing

text: in

text: Africa

text: Asia

text: Latin

text: America

text: Muslim

text: world

text: and

text: Oceania

question: Which religion will have the most followers by the year 2050 if trends continue?

answer: Christianity

text: Christianity

question: On average, how many children do Christians have?

answer: 2.7

question: How many Muslims converted to Christianity according to a 2015 poll?

answer: 10.2 million

text: 10.2 million

question: In addition to conversion, what other reason is given for the trend in Christianity's followers?

answer: High birth rates

text: High birth rates

question: By which year will Christianity no longer be the world's largest religion?

question: Through which year will Christianity remain the world's smallest religion?

question: By what year is the Muslim population expected to reach 3 billion?

question: Christians have an average of 3.1 children per woman compared to Muslims with how manY?

text: 2.7 children per woman.

question: What is cited as reasons for Christian population decline?

text: High birth rates and conversion


text: Following the suspension of the AFL's 2009 season, league officials and owners of af2 (which had played its season as scheduled) began discussing the future of arena football and the two leagues. With its 50.1 percent ownership of af2, the AFL's bankruptcy and dissolution prompted the dissolution of af2 as well. That league was formally considered disbanded on September 8, 2009, when no owner committed his or her team to the league's eleventh season by that deadline. For legal reasons, af2 league officials and owners agreed to form a new legal entity, Arena Football 1 (AF1), with former AFL teams the Arizona Rattlers and Orlando Predators joining the former af2.

title: Arena_Football_League

title: Arena_Football_League

text: Following

text: the

text: suspension

text: of

text: the

text: AFL

text: 's

text: season

text: league

text: officials

text: and

text: owners

text: of

text: which

text: had

text: played

text: its

text: season

text: as

text: scheduled

text: began

text: discussing

text: the

text: future

text: of

text: arena

text: football

text: and

text: the

text: two

text: leagues

text: With

text: its

text: percent

text: ownership

text: of

text: the

text: AFL

text: 's

text: bankruptcy

text: and

text: dissolution

text: prompted

text: the

text: dissolution

text: of

text: as

text: well

text: That

text: league

text: was

text: formally

text: considered

text: disbanded

text: on

text: September

text: when

text: no

text: owner

text: committed

text: his

text: or

text: her

text: team

text: to

text: the

text: league

text: 's

text: eleventh

text: season

text: by

text: that

text: deadline

text: For

text: legal

text: reasons

text: league

text: officials

text: and

text: owners

text: agreed

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: new

text: legal

text: entity

text: Arena

text: Football

text: with

text: former

text: AFL

text: teams

text: the

text: Arizona

text: Rattlers

text: and

text: Orlando

text: Predators

text: joining

text: the

text: former

question: What percent of af2 was owned by the AFL?

answer: 50.1

question: On what date was af2 regarded as disbanded?

answer: September 8, 2009

text: September 8, 2009

question: What legal entity was created by af2 league owners?

answer: Arena Football 1

text: Arena Football 1

question: Along with the Orlando Predators, what former Arena Football League team joined af2?

answer: Arizona Rattlers

text: Arizona Rattlers

question: What Arena Football League season was suspended?

answer: 2009


text: Shell was vertically integrated and is active in every area of the oil and gas industry, including exploration and production, refining, distribution and marketing, petrochemicals, power generation and trading. It has minor renewable energy activities in the form of biofuels and wind. It has operations in over 90 countries, produces around 3.1 million barrels of oil equivalent per day and has 44,000 service stations worldwide. Shell Oil Company, its subsidiary in the United States, is one of its largest businesses.

title: Royal_Dutch_Shell

title: Royal_Dutch_Shell

text: Shell

text: was

text: vertically

text: integrated

text: and

text: is

text: active

text: in

text: every

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: oil

text: and

text: gas

text: industry

text: including

text: exploration

text: and

text: production

text: refining

text: distribution

text: and

text: marketing

text: petrochemicals

text: power

text: generation

text: and

text: trading

text: It

text: has

text: minor

text: renewable

text: energy

text: activities

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: biofuels

text: and

text: wind

text: It

text: has

text: operations

text: in

text: over

text: countries

text: produces

text: around

text: million

text: barrels

text: of

text: oil

text: equivalent

text: per

text: day

text: and

text: has

text: service

text: stations

text: worldwide

text: Shell

text: Oil

text: Company

text: its

text: subsidiary

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: largest

text: businesses

question: In how many countries does Shell have operations?

answer: over 90

text: over 90

question: How many barrels of oil equivalent does Shell produce per day?

answer: 3.1 million

text: 3.1 million

question: Shell has how many service stations worldwide?

answer: 44,000

question: What is the name of Shell's subsidiary in the United States?

answer: Shell Oil Company

text: Shell Oil Company

question: Shell has minor renewable energy activities in which two areas?

answer: biofuels and wind

text: biofuels and wind

question: How many barrels of gas does Shell produce per day?

text: 3.1 million

question: How many service stations does Shell have in the US?

question: What does Shell sell 3.1 million barrels of per day?

text: oil

question: How many countries does Shell have renewable energy activities in?

text: over 90 countries

question: Which aspect of the oil and gas industry is Shell not active in?

text: exploration and production


text: Sextus Julius Africanus further refers to the writings of historian Thallus: "This darkness Thallus, in the third book of his History, calls, as appears to me without reason, an eclipse of the sun. For the Hebrews celebrate the passover on the 14th day according to the moon, and the passion of our Saviour falls on the day before the passover; but an eclipse of the sun takes place only when the moon comes under the sun." Christian apologist Tertullian believed the event was documented in the Roman archives.

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

text: Sextus

text: Julius

text: Africanus

text: further

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: writings

text: of

text: historian

text: Thallus

text: This

text: darkness

text: Thallus

text: in

text: the

text: third

text: book

text: of

text: his

text: History

text: calls

text: as

text: appears

text: to

text: me

text: without

text: reason

text: an

text: eclipse

text: of

text: the

text: sun

text: For

text: the

text: Hebrews

text: celebrate

text: the

text: passover

text: on

text: the

text: day

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: moon

text: and

text: the

text: passion

text: of

text: our

text: Saviour

text: falls

text: on

text: the

text: day

text: before

text: the

text: passover

text: but

text: an

text: eclipse

text: of

text: the

text: sun

text: takes

text: place

text: only

text: when

text: the

text: moon

text: comes

text: under

text: the

text: sun

text: Christian

text: apologist

text: Tertullian

text: believed

text: the

text: event

text: was

text: documented

text: in

text: the

text: Roman

text: archives

question: Which historian was referenced for the reports?

answer: Thallus

text: Thallus

question: What event did Thallus describe?

answer: an eclipse of the sun

text: an eclipse of the sun

question: What day do Hebrews celebrate Passover?

answer: the 14th day

text: the 14th day

question: When does the passion of Jesus fall?

answer: the day before the passover

text: the day before the passover

question: Where were these events documented?

answer: the Roman archives

text: the Roman archives

question: For how many years had the Romans kept archives?

question: Where did Africanus believe that the recording of the date of Passover was documented?

text: the Roman archives

question: What was the occupation of Africanus?

text: historian

question: His book of History was Tertullian's what in a series of books written?

text: third

question: When did the Romans begin their rule of Jerusalem?

text: the day before the passover


text: Romulus was credited with several religious institutions. He founded the Consualia festival, inviting the neighbouring Sabines to participate; the ensuing rape of the Sabine women by Romulus's men further embedded both violence and cultural assimilation in Rome's myth of origins. As a successful general, Romulus is also supposed to have founded Rome's first temple to Jupiter Feretrius and offered the spolia opima, the prime spoils taken in war, in the celebration of the first Roman triumph. Spared a mortal's death, Romulus was mysteriously spirited away and deified.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: Romulus

text: was

text: credited

text: with

text: several

text: religious

text: institutions

text: He

text: founded

text: the

text: Consualia

text: festival

text: inviting

text: the

text: neighbouring

text: Sabines

text: to

text: participate

text: the

text: ensuing

text: rape

text: of

text: the

text: Sabine

text: women

text: by

text: Romulus

text: 's

text: men

text: further

text: embedded

text: both

text: violence

text: and

text: cultural

text: assimilation

text: in

text: Rome

text: 's

text: myth

text: of

text: origins

text: As

text: a

text: successful

text: general

text: Romulus

text: is

text: also

text: supposed

text: to

text: have

text: founded

text: Rome

text: 's

text: first

text: temple

text: to

text: Jupiter

text: Feretrius

text: and

text: offered

text: the

text: spolia

text: opima

text: the

text: prime

text: spoils

text: taken

text: in

text: war

text: in

text: the

text: celebration

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: Roman

text: triumph

text: Spared

text: a

text: mortal

text: 's

text: death

text: Romulus

text: was

text: mysteriously

text: spirited

text: away

text: and

text: deified

question: What type of organization did Romulus establish?

answer: religious

text: religious

question: What religious festival did Romulus found?

answer: Consualia

text: Consualia

question: According to myth, what god's temple did Romulus found?

answer: Jupiter

text: Jupiter

question: What did Romulus offer to Jupiter in the first Roman Triumph?

answer: spoils taken in war

text: spoils taken in war

question: Instead of death, what happened to Romulus?

answer: deified

text: deified


text: In what will be the case is Town of Greece v. Galloway, 12-696, the Supreme Court agreed to hear a case regarding whether prayers at town meetings, which are allowed, must allow various faiths to lead prayer, or whether the prayers can be predominately Christian. On May 5, 2014, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled 5-4 in favor of the Town of Greece by holding that the U.S. Constitution not only allows for prayer at government meetings, but also for sectarian prayers like predominately Christian prayers.

title: Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States

text: In

text: what

text: will

text: be

text: the

text: case

text: is

text: Town

text: of

text: Greece

text: v.

text: Galloway

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: agreed

text: to

text: hear

text: a

text: case

text: regarding

text: whether

text: prayers

text: at

text: town

text: meetings

text: which

text: are

text: allowed

text: must

text: allow

text: various

text: faiths

text: to

text: lead

text: prayer

text: or

text: whether

text: the

text: prayers

text: can

text: be

text: predominately

text: Christian

text: On

text: May

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: ruled

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: the

text: Town

text: of

text: Greece

text: by

text: holding

text: that

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Constitution

text: not

text: only

text: allows

text: for

text: prayer

text: at

text: government

text: meetings

text: but

text: also

text: for

text: sectarian

text: prayers

text: like

text: predominately

text: Christian

text: prayers

question: What case is in regards to whether prayers at town meetings must allow various faiths?

answer: Town of Greece v. Galloway

text: Town of Greece v. Galloway

question: When did the Supreme Court rule on Town of Greece v. Galloway?

answer: May 5, 2014

text: May 5, 2014

question: What was the Supreme Court's final vote in Town of Greece v. Galloway?

answer: 5-4

question: Who did the Supreme Court rule in favor of?

answer: Town of Greece

text: Town of Greece

question: What did the Supreme Court rule the Constitution allowed for?

answer: sectarian prayers

text: sectarian prayers

question: What case is in regards to whether prayers at town meetings must not allow various faiths?

text: Town of Greece v. Galloway

question: When did the Supreme Court not rule on Town of Greece v. Galloway?

text: May 5, 2014

question: What wasn't the Supreme Court's final vote in Town of Greece v. Galloway?

question: Who did the Supreme Court not rule in favor of?

text: Town of Greece

question: What did the Supreme Court rule the Constitution disallowed for?

text: sectarian prayers


text: In 1997, the mammals were comprehensively revised by Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell, which has resulted in the McKenna/Bell classification. Their 1997 book, Classification of Mammals above the Species Level, is the most comprehensive work to date on the systematics, relationships, and occurrences of all mammal taxa, living and extinct, down through the rank of genus, though recent molecular genetic data challenge several of the higher level groupings. The authors worked together as paleontologists at the American Museum of Natural History, New York. McKenna inherited the project from Simpson and, with Bell, constructed a completely updated hierarchical system, covering living and extinct taxa that reflects the historical genealogy of Mammalia.

title: Mammal

title: Mammal

text: In

text: the

text: mammals

text: were

text: comprehensively

text: revised

text: by

text: Malcolm

text: C.

text: McKenna

text: and

text: Susan

text: K.

text: Bell

text: which

text: has

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: McKenna

text: Bell

text: classification

text: Their

text: book

text: Classification

text: of

text: Mammals

text: above

text: the

text: Species

text: Level

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: comprehensive

text: work

text: to

text: date

text: on

text: the

text: systematics

text: relationships

text: and

text: occurrences

text: of

text: all

text: mammal

text: taxa

text: living

text: and

text: extinct

text: down

text: through

text: the

text: rank

text: of

text: genus

text: though

text: recent

text: molecular

text: genetic

text: data

text: challenge

text: several

text: of

text: the

text: higher

text: level

text: groupings

text: The

text: authors

text: worked

text: together

text: as

text: paleontologists

text: at

text: the

text: American

text: Museum

text: of

text: Natural

text: History

text: New

text: York

text: McKenna

text: inherited

text: the

text: project

text: from

text: Simpson

text: and

text: with

text: Bell

text: constructed

text: a

text: completely

text: updated

text: hierarchical

text: system

text: covering

text: living

text: and

text: extinct

text: taxa

text: that

text: reflects

text: the

text: historical

text: genealogy

text: of

text: Mammalia

question: In 1997 who revised the classification of mammals?

answer: Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell

text: Malcolm C. McKenna and Susan K. Bell

question: Where did the two authors work together as paleontologist?

answer: American Museum of Natural History

text: American Museum of Natural History

question: From whom did McKenna inherit the project from?

answer: Simpson

text: Simpson

question: Who did Simpson inherit the project from?

text: McKenna

question: What happened to molecular genetic data in 1997?

text: comprehensively revised

question: What was the book written by Simpson?

question: What information about mammals does Simpson's book cover?

question: What did Simpson help construct with Bell?


text: Russia had previously obtained recognition from the Ottoman Empire of the Tsar's role as special guardian of the Orthodox Christians in Moldavia and Wallachia. Now Russia used the Sultan's failure to resolve the issue of the protection of the Christian sites in the Holy Land as a pretext for Russian occupation of these Danubian provinces. Nicholas believed that the European powers, especially Austria, would not object strongly to the annexation of a few neighbouring Ottoman provinces, especially considering that Russia had assisted Austria's efforts in suppressing the Hungarian Revolution in 1849.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: Russia

text: had

text: previously

text: obtained

text: recognition

text: from

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: of

text: the

text: Tsar

text: 's

text: role

text: as

text: special

text: guardian

text: of

text: the

text: Orthodox

text: Christians

text: in

text: Moldavia

text: and

text: Wallachia

text: Now

text: Russia

text: used

text: the

text: Sultan

text: 's

text: failure

text: to

text: resolve

text: the

text: issue

text: of

text: the

text: protection

text: of

text: the

text: Christian

text: sites

text: in

text: the

text: Holy

text: Land

text: as

text: a

text: pretext

text: for

text: Russian

text: occupation

text: of

text: these

text: Danubian

text: provinces

text: Nicholas

text: believed

text: that

text: the

text: European

text: powers

text: especially

text: Austria

text: would

text: not

text: object

text: strongly

text: to

text: the

text: annexation

text: of

text: a

text: few

text: neighbouring

text: Ottoman

text: provinces

text: especially

text: considering

text: that

text: Russia

text: had

text: assisted

text: Austria

text: 's

text: efforts

text: in

text: suppressing

text: the

text: Hungarian

text: Revolution

text: in

question: Who was given the special role of guardian over the Orthodox Christians in Moldavia and Wallachia?

answer: Russia

text: Russia

question: Who recognized and gave Russia the special guardian role?

answer: Ottoman Empire of the Tsar's

text: Ottoman Empire of the Tsar's

question: Who felt Europe would not object to the joining of neighboring Ottoman provinces?

answer: Nicholas

text: Nicholas


text: There are several types of multi-color white LEDs: di-, tri-, and tetrachromatic white LEDs. Several key factors that play among these different methods, include color stability, color rendering capability, and luminous efficacy. Often, higher efficiency will mean lower color rendering, presenting a trade-off between the luminous efficacy and color rendering. For example, the dichromatic white LEDs have the best luminous efficacy (120 lm/W), but the lowest color rendering capability. However, although tetrachromatic white LEDs have excellent color rendering capability, they often have poor luminous efficacy. Trichromatic white LEDs are in between, having both good luminous efficacy (>70 lm/W) and fair color rendering capability.

title: Light-emitting_diode

title: Light

title: emitting_diode

text: There

text: are

text: several

text: types

text: of

text: multi

text: color

text: white

text: LEDs

text: di-

text: tri-

text: and

text: tetrachromatic

text: white

text: LEDs

text: Several

text: key

text: factors

text: that

text: play

text: among

text: these

text: different

text: methods

text: include

text: color

text: stability

text: color

text: rendering

text: capability

text: and

text: luminous

text: efficacy

text: Often

text: higher

text: efficiency

text: will

text: mean

text: lower

text: color

text: rendering

text: presenting

text: a

text: trade

text: off

text: between

text: the

text: luminous

text: efficacy

text: and

text: color

text: rendering

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: dichromatic

text: white

text: LEDs

text: have

text: the

text: best

text: luminous

text: efficacy

text: lm

text: W

text: but

text: the

text: lowest

text: color

text: rendering

text: capability

text: However

text: although

text: tetrachromatic

text: white

text: LEDs

text: have

text: excellent

text: color

text: rendering

text: capability

text: they

text: often

text: have

text: poor

text: luminous

text: efficacy

text: Trichromatic

text: white

text: LEDs

text: are

text: in

text: between

text: having

text: both

text: good

text: luminous

text: efficacy

text: lm

text: W

text: and

text: fair

text: color

text: rendering

text: capability

question: What is one type of multi-color white LED?

answer: tetrachromatic

text: tetrachromatic

question: What is a factor that may be different in the various types of multi-color white LEDs?

answer: luminous efficacy

text: luminous efficacy

question: Higher efficiency in multi-color white LEDs may mean what?

answer: lower color rendering

text: lower color rendering

question: What type has the best luminous efficacy?

answer: dichromatic white LEDs

text: dichromatic white LEDs

question: What luminous efficacy does trichromatic white LEDs have?

answer: >70 lm/W

text: >70 lm/W

question: What is one type of solo-color white LED?

text: tetrachromatic

question: What is a factor that may be different in the various types of multi-color red LEDs?

text: luminous efficacy

question: Higher efficiency in multi-color white LEDs don't mean what?

text: lowest color rendering

question: What type has the worst luminous efficacy?

text: dichromatic white LEDs

question: What luminous efficacy does non-trichromatic white LEDs have?

text: >70 lm/W


text: The unicameral legislature (the Fono) consists of 49 members serving 5-year terms. Forty-seven are matai title-holders elected from territorial districts by Samoans; the other two are chosen by non-Samoans with no chiefly affiliation on separate electoral rolls. Universal suffrage was adopted in 1990, but only chiefs (matai) may stand for election to the Samoan seats. There are more than 25,000 matais in the country, about 5% of whom are women. The prime minister, chosen by a majority in the Fono, is appointed by the head of state to form a government. The prime minister's choices for the 12 cabinet positions are appointed by the head of state, subject to the continuing confidence of the Fono.

title: Samoa

title: Samoa

text: The

text: unicameral

text: legislature

text: the

text: Fono

text: consists

text: of

text: members

text: serving

text: terms

text: Forty

text: seven

text: are

text: matai

text: title

text: holders

text: elected

text: from

text: territorial

text: districts

text: by

text: Samoans

text: the

text: other

text: two

text: are

text: chosen

text: by

text: non

text: Samoans

text: with

text: no

text: chiefly

text: affiliation

text: on

text: separate

text: electoral

text: rolls

text: Universal

text: suffrage

text: was

text: adopted

text: in

text: but

text: only

text: chiefs

text: matai

text: may

text: stand

text: for

text: election

text: to

text: the

text: Samoan

text: seats

text: There

text: are

text: more

text: than

text: matais

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: about

text: of

text: whom

text: are

text: women

text: The

text: prime

text: minister

text: chosen

text: by

text: a

text: majority

text: in

text: the

text: Fono

text: is

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: government

text: The

text: prime

text: minister

text: 's

text: choices

text: for

text: the

text: cabinet

text: positions

text: are

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: subject

text: to

text: the

text: continuing

text: confidence

text: of

text: the

text: Fono

question: What do Samoans call their legislative body?

answer: the Fono

text: the Fono

question: How many Fono members are there?

answer: 49

question: How many of the members of the Fono are elected to office?

answer: Forty-seven

text: Forty-seven

question: What percentage of female matais are there in Samoa?

answer: 5%

question: What position in government is chosen by Fono majority vote?

answer: prime minister

text: prime minister

question: In what year was the Fono created?

question: What number of non-Samoans are in the country?

text: more than 25,000

question: How many cabinet positions are appointed by women?

question: What is one thing women don't have when they are members of the Fono?

question: In what year were women allowed to stand for election to the Samoan seats?

text: in 1990


text: Before World War II, Guam and three other territories – American Samoa, Hawaii, and the Philippines – were the only American jurisdictions in the Pacific Ocean. On December 7, 1941, hours after the attack on Pearl Harbor, Guam was captured by the Japanese, and was occupied for thirty months. During the occupation, Guamanians were subjected to culture alignment, forced labor, beheadings, rape, and torture. Guam endured hostilities when American forces recaptured the island on July 21, 1944; Liberation Day commemorates the victory. Since the 1960s, the economy is supported by two industries: tourism and the United States Armed Forces.

title: Guam

title: Guam

text: Before

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Guam

text: and

text: three

text: other

text: territories

text: American

text: Samoa

text: Hawaii

text: and

text: the

text: Philippines

text: were

text: the

text: only

text: American

text: jurisdictions

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: On

text: December

text: hours

text: after

text: the

text: attack

text: on

text: Pearl

text: Harbor

text: Guam

text: was

text: captured

text: by

text: the

text: Japanese

text: and

text: was

text: occupied

text: for

text: thirty

text: months

text: During

text: the

text: occupation

text: Guamanians

text: were

text: subjected

text: to

text: culture

text: alignment

text: forced

text: labor

text: beheadings

text: rape

text: and

text: torture

text: Guam

text: endured

text: hostilities

text: when

text: American

text: forces

text: recaptured

text: the

text: island

text: on

text: July

text: Liberation

text: Day

text: commemorates

text: the

text: victory

text: Since

text: the

text: the

text: economy

text: is

text: supported

text: by

text: two

text: industries

text: tourism

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Armed

text: Forces

question: Along with Guam, which other territories were in the United States jurisdiction before WWII?

answer: American Samoa, Hawaii, and the Philippines

text: American Samoa, Hawaii, and the Philippines

question: What was the date on the attack of Pearl Harbor?

answer: December 7, 1941

text: December 7, 1941

question: What happened just after the attack on Peal Harbor?

answer: Guam was captured by the Japanese

text: Guam was captured by the Japanese

question: How long did the Japanese occupation last?

answer: thirty months

text: thirty months

question: In what year did the US acquire American Samoa?

question: In what year did the US acquire the Philippines?

question: In what year did the United States Armed Forces establish their first base on Guam?

question: On what date did World War II start?

text: December 7, 1941


text: In mid-2015, several new color schemes for all of the current iPod models were spotted in the latest version of iTunes, 12.2. Belgian website Belgium iPhone originally found the images when plugging in an iPod for the first time, and subsequent leaked photos were found by Pierre Dandumont.

title: IPod

title: IPod

text: In

text: several

text: new

text: color

text: schemes

text: for

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: current

text: iPod

text: models

text: were

text: spotted

text: in

text: the

text: latest

text: version

text: of

text: iTunes

text: Belgian

text: website

text: Belgium

text: iPhone

text: originally

text: found

text: the

text: images

text: when

text: plugging

text: in

text: an

text: iPod

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: and

text: subsequent

text: leaked

text: photos

text: were

text: found

text: by

text: Pierre

text: Dandumont

question: When were images of new iPod colors leaked?

answer: mid-2015

question: Who leaked the photos of new iPod colors?

answer: Pierre Dandumont

text: Pierre Dandumont

question: What version of iTunes contained the leaked photos of new iPod colors?

answer: 12.2

question: What was the latest version of iTunes as of mid-2015?

answer: 12.2

question: Who first leaked the photos of the new iPod color scheme?

answer: Pierre Dandumont

text: Pierre Dandumont


text: In the 1940s, new interpretations of John's reign began to emerge, based on research into the record evidence of his reign, such as pipe rolls, charters, court documents and similar primary records. Notably, an essay by Vivian Galbraith in 1945 proposed a "new approach" to understanding the ruler. The use of recorded evidence was combined with an increased scepticism about two of the most colourful chroniclers of John's reign, Roger of Wendover and Matthew Paris. In many cases the detail provided by these chroniclers, both writing after John's death, was challenged by modern historians. Interpretations of Magna Carta and the role of the rebel barons in 1215 have been significantly revised: although the charter's symbolic, constitutional value for later generations is unquestionable, in the context of John's reign most historians now consider it a failed peace agreement between "partisan" factions. There has been increasing debate about the nature of John's Irish policies. Specialists in Irish medieval history, such as Sean Duffy, have challenged the conventional narrative established by Lewis Warren, suggesting that Ireland was less stable by 1216 than was previously supposed.

title: John,_King_of_England

title: John,_King_of_England

text: In

text: the

text: new

text: interpretations

text: of

text: John

text: 's

text: reign

text: began

text: to

text: emerge

text: based

text: on

text: research

text: into

text: the

text: record

text: evidence

text: of

text: his

text: reign

text: such

text: as

text: pipe

text: rolls

text: charters

text: court

text: documents

text: and

text: similar

text: primary

text: records

text: Notably

text: an

text: essay

text: by

text: Vivian

text: Galbraith

text: in

text: proposed

text: a

text: new

text: approach

text: to

text: understanding

text: the

text: ruler

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: recorded

text: evidence

text: was

text: combined

text: with

text: an

text: increased

text: scepticism

text: about

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: colourful

text: chroniclers

text: of

text: John

text: 's

text: reign

text: Roger

text: of

text: Wendover

text: and

text: Matthew

text: Paris

text: In

text: many

text: cases

text: the

text: detail

text: provided

text: by

text: these

text: chroniclers

text: both

text: writing

text: after

text: John

text: 's

text: death

text: was

text: challenged

text: by

text: modern

text: historians

text: Interpretations

text: of

text: Magna

text: Carta

text: and

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: the

text: rebel

text: barons

text: in

text: have

text: been

text: significantly

text: revised

text: although

text: the

text: charter

text: 's

text: symbolic

text: constitutional

text: value

text: for

text: later

text: generations

text: is

text: unquestionable

text: in

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: John

text: 's

text: reign

text: most

text: historians

text: now

text: consider

text: it

text: a

text: failed

text: peace

text: agreement

text: between

text: partisan

text: factions

text: There

text: has

text: been

text: increasing

text: debate

text: about

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: John

text: 's

text: Irish

text: policies

text: Specialists

text: in

text: Irish

text: medieval

text: history

text: such

text: as

text: Sean

text: Duffy

text: have

text: challenged

text: the

text: conventional

text: narrative

text: established

text: by

text: Lewis

text: Warren

text: suggesting

text: that

text: Ireland

text: was

text: less

text: stable

text: by

text: than

text: was

text: previously

text: supposed

question: When did new interpretations of John's reign begin to emerge?

answer: 1940s

question: Who wrote an essay in 1945 that proposed a "new approach?"

answer: Vivian Galbraith

text: Vivian Galbraith

question: Who suggested that Ireland was less stable by 1216 than previously supposed?

answer: Lewis Warren

text: Lewis Warren


text: Most laboratory techniques for growing bacteria use high levels of nutrients to produce large amounts of cells cheaply and quickly. However, in natural environments, nutrients are limited, meaning that bacteria cannot continue to reproduce indefinitely. This nutrient limitation has led the evolution of different growth strategies (see r/K selection theory). Some organisms can grow extremely rapidly when nutrients become available, such as the formation of algal (and cyanobacterial) blooms that often occur in lakes during the summer. Other organisms have adaptations to harsh environments, such as the production of multiple antibiotics by Streptomyces that inhibit the growth of competing microorganisms. In nature, many organisms live in communities (e.g., biofilms) that may allow for increased supply of nutrients and protection from environmental stresses. These relationships can be essential for growth of a particular organism or group of organisms (syntrophy).

title: Bacteria

title: Bacteria

text: Most

text: laboratory

text: techniques

text: for

text: growing

text: bacteria

text: use

text: high

text: levels

text: of

text: nutrients

text: to

text: produce

text: large

text: amounts

text: of

text: cells

text: cheaply

text: and

text: quickly

text: However

text: in

text: natural

text: environments

text: nutrients

text: are

text: limited

text: meaning

text: that

text: bacteria

text: can

text: not

text: continue

text: to

text: reproduce

text: indefinitely

text: This

text: nutrient

text: limitation

text: has

text: led

text: the

text: evolution

text: of

text: different

text: growth

text: strategies

text: see

text: r

text: K

text: selection

text: theory

text: Some

text: organisms

text: can

text: grow

text: extremely

text: rapidly

text: when

text: nutrients

text: become

text: available

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: algal

text: and

text: cyanobacterial

text: blooms

text: that

text: often

text: occur

text: in

text: lakes

text: during

text: the

text: summer

text: Other

text: organisms

text: have

text: adaptations

text: to

text: harsh

text: environments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: multiple

text: antibiotics

text: by

text: Streptomyces

text: that

text: inhibit

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: competing

text: microorganisms

text: In

text: nature

text: many

text: organisms

text: live

text: in

text: communities

text: e.g.

text: biofilms

text: that

text: may

text: allow

text: for

text: increased

text: supply

text: of

text: nutrients

text: and

text: protection

text: from

text: environmental

text: stresses

text: These

text: relationships

text: can

text: be

text: essential

text: for

text: growth

text: of

text: a

text: particular

text: organism

text: or

text: group

text: of

text: organisms

text: syntrophy

question: What is the simple way of producing large volume of bacteria cells?

answer: high levels of nutrients

text: high levels of nutrients

question: What caused the evolution of different growth strategies in bacteria?

answer: nutrients are limited

text: nutrients are limited

question: What do algal bacteria if nutrients are available?

answer: grow extremely rapidly

text: grow extremely rapidly

question: What can create a subsequent increase of nutrients in natural environment?

answer: biofilms

text: biofilms


text: Acute myocardial infarction refers to two subtypes of acute coronary syndrome, namely non-ST-elevated and ST-elevated MIs, which are most frequently (but not always) a manifestation of coronary artery disease. The most common triggering event is the disruption of an atherosclerotic plaque in an epicardial coronary artery, which leads to a clotting cascade, sometimes resulting in total occlusion of the artery. Atherosclerosis is the gradual buildup of cholesterol and fibrous tissue in plaques in the wall of arteries (in this case, the coronary arteries), typically over decades. Bloodstream column irregularities visible on angiography reflect artery lumen narrowing as a result of decades of advancing atherosclerosis. Plaques can become unstable, rupture, and additionally promote the formation of a blood clot that occludes the artery; this can occur in minutes. When a severe enough plaque rupture occurs in the coronary arteries, it leads to MI (necrosis of downstream myocardium). It is estimated that one billion cardiac cells are lost in a typical MI.

title: Myocardial_infarction

title: Myocardial_infarction

text: Acute

text: myocardial

text: infarction

text: refers

text: to

text: two

text: subtypes

text: of

text: acute

text: coronary

text: syndrome

text: namely

text: non

text: ST

text: elevated

text: and

text: ST

text: elevated

text: MIs

text: which

text: are

text: most

text: frequently

text: but

text: not

text: always

text: a

text: manifestation

text: of

text: coronary

text: artery

text: disease

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: triggering

text: event

text: is

text: the

text: disruption

text: of

text: an

text: atherosclerotic

text: plaque

text: in

text: an

text: epicardial

text: coronary

text: artery

text: which

text: leads

text: to

text: a

text: clotting

text: cascade

text: sometimes

text: resulting

text: in

text: total

text: occlusion

text: of

text: the

text: artery

text: Atherosclerosis

text: is

text: the

text: gradual

text: buildup

text: of

text: cholesterol

text: and

text: fibrous

text: tissue

text: in

text: plaques

text: in

text: the

text: wall

text: of

text: arteries

text: in

text: this

text: case

text: the

text: coronary

text: arteries

text: typically

text: over

text: decades

text: Bloodstream

text: column

text: irregularities

text: visible

text: on

text: angiography

text: reflect

text: artery

text: lumen

text: narrowing

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: decades

text: of

text: advancing

text: atherosclerosis

text: Plaques

text: can

text: become

text: unstable

text: rupture

text: and

text: additionally

text: promote

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: a

text: blood

text: clot

text: that

text: occludes

text: the

text: artery

text: this

text: can

text: occur

text: in

text: minutes

text: When

text: a

text: severe

text: enough

text: plaque

text: rupture

text: occurs

text: in

text: the

text: coronary

text: arteries

text: it

text: leads

text: to

text: MI

text: necrosis

text: of

text: downstream

text: myocardium

text: It

text: is

text: estimated

text: that

text: one

text: billion

text: cardiac

text: cells

text: are

text: lost

text: in

text: a

text: typical

text: MI

question: How many subtypes does ST-elevated MI have?

text: two

question: What are always a manifestation of artery disease?

text: non-ST-elevated and ST-elevated MIs,

question: How long does an MI take?

text: minutes

question: How many plaques become unstable in a typical MI?

text: one billion

question: How long does an angiography take?

text: typically over decades


text: By 1840, the Market Hall and Sheds, where fresh meat and produce were brought daily, became a hub of commercial activity. The slave trade also depended on the port of Charleston, where ships could be unloaded and the slaves bought and sold. The legal importation of African slaves had ended in 1808, although smuggling was significant. However, the domestic trade was booming. More than one million slaves were transported from the Upper South to the Deep South in the antebellum years, as cotton plantations were widely developed through what became known as the Black Belt. Many slaves were transported in the coastwise slave trade, with slave ships stopping at ports such as Charleston.

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

text: By

text: the

text: Market

text: Hall

text: and

text: Sheds

text: where

text: fresh

text: meat

text: and

text: produce

text: were

text: brought

text: daily

text: became

text: a

text: hub

text: of

text: commercial

text: activity

text: The

text: slave

text: trade

text: also

text: depended

text: on

text: the

text: port

text: of

text: Charleston

text: where

text: ships

text: could

text: be

text: unloaded

text: and

text: the

text: slaves

text: bought

text: and

text: sold

text: The

text: legal

text: importation

text: of

text: African

text: slaves

text: had

text: ended

text: in

text: although

text: smuggling

text: was

text: significant

text: However

text: the

text: domestic

text: trade

text: was

text: booming

text: More

text: than

text: one

text: million

text: slaves

text: were

text: transported

text: from

text: the

text: Upper

text: South

text: to

text: the

text: Deep

text: South

text: in

text: the

text: antebellum

text: years

text: as

text: cotton

text: plantations

text: were

text: widely

text: developed

text: through

text: what

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Black

text: Belt

text: Many

text: slaves

text: were

text: transported

text: in

text: the

text: coastwise

text: slave

text: trade

text: with

text: slave

text: ships

text: stopping

text: at

text: ports

text: such

text: as

text: Charleston

question: What industry depended on the port of Charleston?

answer: The slave trade

text: The slave trade

question: Where was  fresh food sold daily in Charleston in 1840?

answer: the Market Hall and Sheds

text: the Market Hall and Sheds

question: What year did the legal importation of slaves end?

answer: 1808

question: The region where cotton plantations were developed was known as what?

answer: Black Belt

text: Black Belt

question: In what era did one million slaves get trade throughout the South?

answer: in the antebellum years

text: in the antebellum years

question: What industry never depended on the port of Charleston?

text: The slave trade

question: Where was fresh food sold daily in Charleston in 1804?

text: the Market Hall and Sheds

question: What year did the legal importation of slaves start?

question: The region where cotton plantations weren't developed was known as what?

text: Black Belt

question: In what era did two million slaves get trade throughout the South?

text: in the antebellum years


text: According to Paul Martin, Sr., by the end of the 1970s the Queen was worried that the Crown "had little meaning for" Pierre Trudeau, the Canadian Prime Minister. Tony Benn said that the Queen found Trudeau "rather disappointing". Trudeau's supposed republicanism seemed to be confirmed by his antics, such as sliding down banisters at Buckingham Palace and pirouetting behind the Queen's back in 1977, and the removal of various Canadian royal symbols during his term of office. In 1980, Canadian politicians sent to London to discuss the patriation of the Canadian constitution found the Queen "better informed ... than any of the British politicians or bureaucrats". She was particularly interested after the failure of Bill C-60, which would have affected her role as head of state. Patriation removed the role of the British parliament from the Canadian constitution, but the monarchy was retained. Trudeau said in his memoirs that the Queen favoured his attempt to reform the constitution and that he was impressed by "the grace she displayed in public" and "the wisdom she showed in private".

title: Elizabeth_II

title: Elizabeth_II

text: According

text: to

text: Paul

text: Martin

text: Sr

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: the

text: Queen

text: was

text: worried

text: that

text: the

text: Crown

text: had

text: little

text: meaning

text: for

text: Pierre

text: Trudeau

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Tony

text: Benn

text: said

text: that

text: the

text: Queen

text: found

text: Trudeau

text: rather

text: disappointing

text: Trudeau

text: 's

text: supposed

text: republicanism

text: seemed

text: to

text: be

text: confirmed

text: by

text: his

text: antics

text: such

text: as

text: sliding

text: down

text: banisters

text: at

text: Buckingham

text: Palace

text: and

text: pirouetting

text: behind

text: the

text: Queen

text: 's

text: back

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: removal

text: of

text: various

text: Canadian

text: royal

text: symbols

text: during

text: his

text: term

text: of

text: office

text: In

text: Canadian

text: politicians

text: sent

text: to

text: London

text: to

text: discuss

text: the

text: patriation

text: of

text: the

text: Canadian

text: constitution

text: found

text: the

text: Queen

text: better

text: informed

text: than

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: politicians

text: or

text: bureaucrats

text: She

text: was

text: particularly

text: interested

text: after

text: the

text: failure

text: of

text: Bill

text: which

text: would

text: have

text: affected

text: her

text: role

text: as

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: Patriation

text: removed

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: parliament

text: from

text: the

text: Canadian

text: constitution

text: but

text: the

text: monarchy

text: was

text: retained

text: Trudeau

text: said

text: in

text: his

text: memoirs

text: that

text: the

text: Queen

text: favoured

text: his

text: attempt

text: to

text: reform

text: the

text: constitution

text: and

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: impressed

text: by

text: the

text: grace

text: she

text: displayed

text: in

text: public

text: and

text: the

text: wisdom

text: she

text: showed

text: in

text: private

question: About whom was Elizabeth worried in the 1970s?

answer: Pierre Trudeau

text: Pierre Trudeau

question: What was the subject under consideration in discussions in 1980?

answer: Canadian constitution

text: Canadian constitution

question: What did patriation of the Canadian Constitution remove from the constitution?

answer: British parliament

text: British parliament

question: What was retained in the constitution?

answer: monarchy

text: monarchy

question: What did Trudeau say Elizabeth favored?

answer: reform

text: reform

question: In what year did Pierre Trudeau become the Canadian prime minister?

question: Who was one of the Canadians politicians sent to London in 1980?

text: Pierre Trudeau

question: In what year did Bill C-60 fail?

question: In what year did Pierre Trudeau cease to be Canada's prime minister?

question: Who was the prime minister of Britain in 1980?

text: Pierre Trudeau


text: In November 1790, François-Louis-Thibault de Menonville, a member of the National Assembly of France, wrote to Burke, praising Reflections and requesting more "very refreshing mental food" that he could publish. This Burke did in April 1791 when he published A Letter to a Member of the National Assembly. Burke called for external forces to reverse the revolution and included an attack on the late French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau, as being the subject of a personality cult that had developed in revolutionary France. Although Burke conceded that Rousseau sometimes showed "a considerable insight into human nature" he mostly was critical. Although he did not meet Rousseau on his visit to Britain in 1766–7 Burke was a friend of David Hume, with whom Rousseau had stayed. Burke said Rousseau "entertained no principle either to influence of his heart, or to guide his understanding—but vanity"—which he "was possessed to a degree little short of madness". He also cited Rousseau's Confessions as evidence that Rousseau had a life of "obscure and vulgar vices" that was not "chequered, or spotted here and there, with virtues, or even distinguished by a single good action". Burke contrasted Rousseau's theory of universal benevolence and his having sent his children to a foundling hospital: "a lover of his kind, but a hater of his kindred".

title: Edmund_Burke

title: Edmund_Burke

text: In

text: November

text: François

text: Louis

text: Thibault

text: de

text: Menonville

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Assembly

text: of

text: France

text: wrote

text: to

text: Burke

text: praising

text: Reflections

text: and

text: requesting

text: more

text: very

text: refreshing

text: mental

text: food

text: that

text: he

text: could

text: publish

text: This

text: Burke

text: did

text: in

text: April

text: when

text: he

text: published

text: A

text: Letter

text: to

text: a

text: Member

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Assembly

text: Burke

text: called

text: for

text: external

text: forces

text: to

text: reverse

text: the

text: revolution

text: and

text: included

text: an

text: attack

text: on

text: the

text: late

text: French

text: philosopher

text: Jean

text: Jacques

text: Rousseau

text: as

text: being

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: a

text: personality

text: cult

text: that

text: had

text: developed

text: in

text: revolutionary

text: France

text: Although

text: Burke

text: conceded

text: that

text: Rousseau

text: sometimes

text: showed

text: a

text: considerable

text: insight

text: into

text: human

text: nature

text: he

text: mostly

text: was

text: critical

text: Although

text: he

text: did

text: not

text: meet

text: Rousseau

text: on

text: his

text: visit

text: to

text: Britain

text: in

text: Burke

text: was

text: a

text: friend

text: of

text: David

text: Hume

text: with

text: whom

text: Rousseau

text: had

text: stayed

text: Burke

text: said

text: Rousseau

text: entertained

text: no

text: principle

text: either

text: to

text: influence

text: of

text: his

text: heart

text: or

text: to

text: guide

text: his

text: understanding

text: but

text: vanity

text: which

text: he

text: was

text: possessed

text: to

text: a

text: degree

text: little

text: short

text: of

text: madness

text: He

text: also

text: cited

text: Rousseau

text: 's

text: Confessions

text: as

text: evidence

text: that

text: Rousseau

text: had

text: a

text: life

text: of

text: obscure

text: and

text: vulgar

text: vices

text: that

text: was

text: not

text: chequered

text: or

text: spotted

text: here

text: and

text: there

text: with

text: virtues

text: or

text: even

text: distinguished

text: by

text: a

text: single

text: good

text: action

text: Burke

text: contrasted

text: Rousseau

text: 's

text: theory

text: of

text: universal

text: benevolence

text: and

text: his

text: having

text: sent

text: his

text: children

text: to

text: a

text: foundling

text: hospital

text: a

text: lover

text: of

text: his

text: kind

text: but

text: a

text: hater

text: of

text: his

text: kindred

question: Who asked Burke for more "very refreshing mental food"?

answer: François-Louis-Thibault de Menonville

text: François-Louis-Thibault de Menonville

question: When did Burke release 'A Letter to a Member of the National Assembly'?

answer: April 1791

text: April 1791

question: Which French philosopher did Burke attack?

answer: Jean-Jacques Rousseau

text: Jean-Jacques Rousseau

question: When did Rousseau visit Britain?

answer: 1766–7

question: Who did Rousseau stay with when visiting Britain?

answer: David Hume

text: David Hume

question: What was Burke a member of?

text: the National Assembly of France

question: What did François-Louis-Thibault de Menonville publish in April 1791?

question: When did Jean-Jacques Rousseau die?

text: April 1791

question: What did Rousseau say Burke had in regards to understanding human nature?

text: considerable insight

question: What vice-filled book did Hume publish?

text: Confessions


text: Tracks include Tucson Raceway Park and Rillito Downs. Tucson Raceway Park hosts NASCAR-sanctioned auto racing events and is one of only two asphalt short tracks in Arizona. Rillito Downs is an in-town destination on weekends in January and February each year. This historic track held the first organized quarter horse races in the world, and they are still racing there. The racetrack is threatened by development. The Moltacqua racetrack, was another historic horse racetrack located on what is now Sabino Canyon Road and Vactor Ranch Trail, but it no longer exists.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: Tracks

text: include

text: Tucson

text: Raceway

text: Park

text: and

text: Rillito

text: Downs

text: Tucson

text: Raceway

text: Park

text: hosts

text: NASCAR

text: sanctioned

text: auto

text: racing

text: events

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: two

text: asphalt

text: short

text: tracks

text: in

text: Arizona

text: Rillito

text: Downs

text: is

text: an

text: in

text: town

text: destination

text: on

text: weekends

text: in

text: January

text: and

text: February

text: each

text: year

text: This

text: historic

text: track

text: held

text: the

text: first

text: organized

text: quarter

text: horse

text: races

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: they

text: are

text: still

text: racing

text: there

text: The

text: racetrack

text: is

text: threatened

text: by

text: development

text: The

text: Moltacqua

text: racetrack

text: was

text: another

text: historic

text: horse

text: racetrack

text: located

text: on

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: Sabino

text: Canyon

text: Road

text: and

text: Vactor

text: Ranch

text: Trail

text: but

text: it

text: no

text: longer

text: exists

question: Where does Tucson hold NASCAR races?

answer: Tucson Raceway Park

text: Tucson Raceway Park

question: What kind of races does Rillito Downs hold?

answer: quarter horse races

text: quarter horse races

question: What former Tucson horse racetrack no longer exists?

answer: Moltacqua racetrack

text: Moltacqua racetrack

question: What is on the former site of the Moltacqua track now?

answer: Sabino Canyon Road and Vactor Ranch Trail

text: Sabino Canyon Road and Vactor Ranch Trail

question: How many asphalt short tracks are in Arizona?

answer: two

text: two


text: Three milestone releases of Windows 8 leaked to the general public. Milestone 1, Build 7850, was leaked on April 12, 2011. It was the first build where the text of a window was written centered instead of aligned to the left. It was also probably the first appearance of the Metro-style font, and its wallpaper had the text shhh... let's not leak our hard work. However, its detailed build number reveals that the build was created on September 22, 2010. The leaked copy edition was Enterprise edition. The OS still reads as "Windows 7". Milestone 2, Build 7955, was leaked on April 25, 2011. The traditional Blue Screen of Death (BSoD) was replaced by a new Black screen, although this was later scrapped. This build introduced a new ribbon in Windows Explorer. Build 7959, with minor changes but the first 64-bit version, was leaked on May 1, 2011. The "Windows 7" logo was temporarily replaced with text displaying "Microsoft Confidential". On June 17, 2011, build 7989 64-bit edition was leaked. It introduced a new boot screen featuring the same fish as the default Windows 7 Beta wallpaper, which was later scrapped, and the circling dots as featured in the final (although the final version comes with smaller circling dots throbber). It also had the text Welcome below them, although this was also scrapped.

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: Three

text: milestone

text: releases

text: of

text: Windows

text: leaked

text: to

text: the

text: general

text: public

text: Milestone

text: Build

text: was

text: leaked

text: on

text: April

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: build

text: where

text: the

text: text

text: of

text: a

text: window

text: was

text: written

text: centered

text: instead

text: of

text: aligned

text: to

text: the

text: left

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: probably

text: the

text: first

text: appearance

text: of

text: the

text: Metro

text: style

text: font

text: and

text: its

text: wallpaper

text: had

text: the

text: text

text: shhh

text: let

text: 's

text: not

text: leak

text: our

text: hard

text: work

text: However

text: its

text: detailed

text: build

text: number

text: reveals

text: that

text: the

text: build

text: was

text: created

text: on

text: September

text: The

text: leaked

text: copy

text: edition

text: was

text: Enterprise

text: edition

text: The

text: OS

text: still

text: reads

text: as

text: Windows

text: Milestone

text: Build

text: was

text: leaked

text: on

text: April

text: The

text: traditional

text: Blue

text: Screen

text: of

text: Death

text: BSoD

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: a

text: new

text: Black

text: screen

text: although

text: this

text: was

text: later

text: scrapped

text: This

text: build

text: introduced

text: a

text: new

text: ribbon

text: in

text: Windows

text: Explorer

text: Build

text: with

text: minor

text: changes

text: but

text: the

text: first

text: version

text: was

text: leaked

text: on

text: May

text: The

text: Windows

text: logo

text: was

text: temporarily

text: replaced

text: with

text: text

text: displaying

text: Microsoft

text: Confidential

text: On

text: June

text: build

text: edition

text: was

text: leaked

text: It

text: introduced

text: a

text: new

text: boot

text: screen

text: featuring

text: the

text: same

text: fish

text: as

text: the

text: default

text: Windows

text: Beta

text: wallpaper

text: which

text: was

text: later

text: scrapped

text: and

text: the

text: circling

text: dots

text: as

text: featured

text: in

text: the

text: final

text: although

text: the

text: final

text: version

text: comes

text: with

text: smaller

text: circling

text: dots

text: throbber

text: It

text: also

text: had

text: the

text: text

text: Welcome

text: below

text: them

text: although

text: this

text: was

text: also

text: scrapped

question: What does BSoD stand for?

answer: Blue Screen of Death

text: Blue Screen of Death

question: When was Milestone 1 divulged?

answer: April 12, 2011

text: April 12, 2011

question: What was special about Milestone 1?

answer: It was the first build where the text of a window was written centered

text: It was the first build where the text of a window was written centered

question: When was Milestone 2 divulged?

answer: April 25, 2011

text: April 25, 2011

question: When was Build 7959 divulged?

answer: May 1, 2011

text: May 1, 2011

question: What does BSoB stand for?

text: Blue Screen of Death

question: When was Milestone 11 divulged?

text: April 12, 2011

question: What was special about Milestone 11?

question: When was Milestone 12 divulged?

text: April 25, 2011

question: When was Build 7995 divulged?

text: May 1, 2011


text: The Egyptian military has dozens of factories manufacturing weapons as well as consumer goods. The Armed Forces' inventory includes equipment from different countries around the world. Equipment from the former Soviet Union is being progressively replaced by more modern US, French, and British equipment, a significant portion of which is built under license in Egypt, such as the M1 Abrams tank.[citation needed] Relations with Russia have improved significantly following Mohamed Morsi's removal and both countries have worked since then to strengthen military and trade ties among other aspects of bilateral co-operation. Relations with China have also improved considerably. In 2014, Egypt and China have established a bilateral "comprehensive strategic partnership".

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: The

text: Egyptian

text: military

text: has

text: dozens

text: of

text: factories

text: manufacturing

text: weapons

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: consumer

text: goods

text: The

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: inventory

text: includes

text: equipment

text: from

text: different

text: countries

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: Equipment

text: from

text: the

text: former

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: is

text: being

text: progressively

text: replaced

text: by

text: more

text: modern

text: US

text: French

text: and

text: British

text: equipment

text: a

text: significant

text: portion

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: built

text: under

text: license

text: in

text: Egypt

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Abrams

text: tank.[citation

text: needed

text: Relations

text: with

text: Russia

text: have

text: improved

text: significantly

text: following

text: Mohamed

text: Morsi

text: 's

text: removal

text: and

text: both

text: countries

text: have

text: worked

text: since

text: then

text: to

text: strengthen

text: military

text: and

text: trade

text: ties

text: among

text: other

text: aspects

text: of

text: bilateral

text: co

text: operation

text: Relations

text: with

text: China

text: have

text: also

text: improved

text: considerably

text: In

text: Egypt

text: and

text: China

text: have

text: established

text: a

text: bilateral

text: comprehensive

text: strategic

text: partnership

question: Equipment from what country is being replaced?

answer: Soviet Union

text: Soviet Union

question: How many factories does Egyptian military have?

answer: dozens

text: dozens

question: After Morsi removal, what country has Egypt improved relations with?

answer: Russia

text: Russia

question: In 2014 what country did Egypt form partnership with?

answer: China

text: China


text: On 26 February 2012, The Sun on Sunday was launched to replace the closed News of the World, employing some of its former journalists. In late 2013, it was given a new look, with a new typeface. The average circulation for The Sun on Sunday in March 2014 was 1,686,840; but in May 2015 The Mail on Sunday sold more copies for the first time, an average of 28,650 over those of its rival: 1,497,855 to 1,469,195. Roy Greenslade issued some caveats over the May 2015 figures, but believes the weekday Daily Mail will overtake The Sun in circulation during 2016.

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom

text: On

text: February

text: The

text: Sun

text: on

text: Sunday

text: was

text: launched

text: to

text: replace

text: the

text: closed

text: News

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: employing

text: some

text: of

text: its

text: former

text: journalists

text: In

text: late

text: it

text: was

text: given

text: a

text: new

text: look

text: with

text: a

text: new

text: typeface

text: The

text: average

text: circulation

text: for

text: The

text: Sun

text: on

text: Sunday

text: in

text: March

text: was

text: but

text: in

text: May

text: The

text: Mail

text: on

text: Sunday

text: sold

text: more

text: copies

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: an

text: average

text: of

text: over

text: those

text: of

text: its

text: rival

text: to

text: Roy

text: Greenslade

text: issued

text: some

text: caveats

text: over

text: the

text: May

text: figures

text: but

text: believes

text: the

text: weekday

text: Daily

text: Mail

text: will

text: overtake

text: The

text: Sun

text: in

text: circulation

text: during

question: Which newspaper did the The Sun on Sunday take the place of?

answer: News of the World

text: News of the World

question: In what year was The Sun's look changed?

answer: 2013

question: What was the circulation of The Sun on Sunday in March 2014?

answer: 1,686,840

question: When did the Sunday Mail overtake The Sun in sales numbers?

answer: May 2015

text: May 2015

question: When is the weekly Mail forecast to pass The Sun in terms of circulation?

answer: during 2016

text: during 2016


text: The transistor is the fundamental building block of modern electronic devices, and is ubiquitous in modern electronic systems. First conceived by Julius Lilienfeld in 1926 and practically implemented in 1947 by American physicists John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley, the transistor revolutionized the field of electronics, and paved the way for smaller and cheaper radios, calculators, and computers, among other things. The transistor is on the list of IEEE milestones in electronics, and Bardeen, Brattain, and Shockley shared the 1956 Nobel Prize in Physics for their achievement.

title: Transistor

title: Transistor

text: The

text: transistor

text: is

text: the

text: fundamental

text: building

text: block

text: of

text: modern

text: electronic

text: devices

text: and

text: is

text: ubiquitous

text: in

text: modern

text: electronic

text: systems

text: First

text: conceived

text: by

text: Julius

text: Lilienfeld

text: in

text: and

text: practically

text: implemented

text: in

text: by

text: American

text: physicists

text: John

text: Bardeen

text: Walter

text: Brattain

text: and

text: William

text: Shockley

text: the

text: transistor

text: revolutionized

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: electronics

text: and

text: paved

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: smaller

text: and

text: cheaper

text: radios

text: calculators

text: and

text: computers

text: among

text: other

text: things

text: The

text: transistor

text: is

text: on

text: the

text: list

text: of

text: IEEE

text: milestones

text: in

text: electronics

text: and

text: Bardeen

text: Brattain

text: and

text: Shockley

text: shared

text: the

text: Nobel

text: Prize

text: in

text: Physics

text: for

text: their

text: achievement

question: When was the first transistor created?

answer: 1926

question: Who invented the first transistor?

answer: Julius Lilienfeld

text: Julius Lilienfeld

question: When was the first transistor implemented for practical use?

answer: 1947

question: When did the implementers receive a Nobel Prize for making the transistor?

answer: 1956

question: What list is the transistor on?

answer: list of IEEE milestones in electronics

text: list of IEEE milestones in electronics

question: When were smaller, cheaper radios introduced?

question: What besides the transistor is on the IEEE list of milestones in electronics?

text: computers

question: What did Julius Lilienfeld receive for inventing the transistor?

text: Nobel Prize in Physics

question: Who was the first person to use transistors in calculators?

text: William Shockley

question: Why were transistors in 1947 easier to practically implement than transistors in 1926?

text: smaller and cheaper