text: During the board process an officer's record is reviewed by a selection board at the Air Force Personnel Center at Randolph Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas. At the 10 to 11 year mark, captains will take part in a selection board to major. If not selected, they will meet a follow-on board to determine if they will be allowed to remain in the Air Force. Promotion from major to lieutenant colonel is similar and occurs approximately between the thirteen year (for officers who were promoted to major early "below the zone") and the fifteen year mark, where a certain percentage of majors will be selected below zone (i.e., "early"), in zone (i.e., "on time") or above zone (i.e., "late") for promotion to lieutenant colonel. This process will repeat at the 16 year mark (for officers previously promoted early to major and lieutenant colonel) to the 21 year mark for promotion to full colonel.

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: During

text: the

text: board

text: process

text: an

text: officer

text: 's

text: record

text: is

text: reviewed

text: by

text: a

text: selection

text: board

text: at

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: Personnel

text: Center

text: at

text: Randolph

text: Air

text: Force

text: Base

text: in

text: San

text: Antonio

text: Texas

text: At

text: the

text: to

text: year

text: mark

text: captains

text: will

text: take

text: part

text: in

text: a

text: selection

text: board

text: to

text: major

text: If

text: not

text: selected

text: they

text: will

text: meet

text: a

text: follow

text: on

text: board

text: to

text: determine

text: if

text: they

text: will

text: be

text: allowed

text: to

text: remain

text: in

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: Promotion

text: from

text: major

text: to

text: lieutenant

text: colonel

text: is

text: similar

text: and

text: occurs

text: approximately

text: between

text: the

text: thirteen

text: year

text: for

text: officers

text: who

text: were

text: promoted

text: to

text: major

text: early

text: below

text: the

text: zone

text: and

text: the

text: fifteen

text: year

text: mark

text: where

text: a

text: certain

text: percentage

text: of

text: majors

text: will

text: be

text: selected

text: below

text: zone

text: i.e.

text: early

text: in

text: zone

text: i.e.

text: on

text: time

text: or

text: above

text: zone

text: i.e.

text: late

text: for

text: promotion

text: to

text: lieutenant

text: colonel

text: This

text: process

text: will

text: repeat

text: at

text: the

text: year

text: mark

text: for

text: officers

text: previously

text: promoted

text: early

text: to

text: major

text: and

text: lieutenant

text: colonel

text: to

text: the

text: year

text: mark

text: for

text: promotion

text: to

text: full

text: colonel

question: Where is an officer's record in the USAF reviewed for a promotion?

answer: Air Force Personnel Center at Randolph Air Force Base

text: Air Force Personnel Center at Randolph Air Force Base

question: What state is the Randolph Air Force Base located in?

answer: Texas

text: Texas

question: When does promotion from major to lieutenant colonel in the USAF typically occur?

answer: thirteen year

text: thirteen year

question: The promotion process repeats when for officers promoted early in the USAF?

answer: 16 year mark

text: 16 year mark


text: His answer was that in many cases animals exist with intermediate structures that are functional. He presented flying squirrels, and flying lemurs as examples of how bats might have evolved from non-flying ancestors. He discussed various simple eyes found in invertebrates, starting with nothing more than an optic nerve coated with pigment, as examples of how the vertebrate eye could have evolved. Darwin concludes: "If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed, which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down. But I can find out no such case."

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

text: His

text: answer

text: was

text: that

text: in

text: many

text: cases

text: animals

text: exist

text: with

text: intermediate

text: structures

text: that

text: are

text: functional

text: He

text: presented

text: flying

text: squirrels

text: and

text: flying

text: lemurs

text: as

text: examples

text: of

text: how

text: bats

text: might

text: have

text: evolved

text: from

text: non

text: flying

text: ancestors

text: He

text: discussed

text: various

text: simple

text: eyes

text: found

text: in

text: invertebrates

text: starting

text: with

text: nothing

text: more

text: than

text: an

text: optic

text: nerve

text: coated

text: with

text: pigment

text: as

text: examples

text: of

text: how

text: the

text: vertebrate

text: eye

text: could

text: have

text: evolved

text: Darwin

text: concludes

text: If

text: it

text: could

text: be

text: demonstrated

text: that

text: any

text: complex

text: organ

text: existed

text: which

text: could

text: not

text: possibly

text: have

text: been

text: formed

text: by

text: numerous

text: successive

text: slight

text: modifications

text: my

text: theory

text: would

text: absolutely

text: break

text: down

text: But

text: I

text: can

text: find

text: out

text: no

text: such

text: case

question: What are some flying animals that Darwin thought might have evolved from bats?

answer: flying squirrels, and flying lemurs

text: flying squirrels, and flying lemurs

question: What example did Darwin give of eyes evolving?

answer: simple eyes found in invertebrates, starting with nothing more than an optic nerve coated with pigment

text: simple eyes found in invertebrates, starting with nothing more than an optic nerve coated with pigment

question: How did Darwin justify his theory not breaking down?

answer: any complex organ existed, which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down.

text: any complex organ existed, which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down.


text: Local artists and bands rose to prominence in the 1960s and 70s including: the MC5, The Stooges, Bob Seger, Amboy Dukes featuring Ted Nugent, Mitch Ryder and The Detroit Wheels, Rare Earth, Alice Cooper, and Suzi Quatro. The group Kiss emphasized the city's connection with rock in the song Detroit Rock City and the movie produced in 1999. In the 1980s, Detroit was an important center of the hardcore punk rock underground with many nationally known bands coming out of the city and its suburbs, such as The Necros, The Meatmen, and Negative Approach.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: Local

text: artists

text: and

text: bands

text: rose

text: to

text: prominence

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: including

text: the

text: The

text: Stooges

text: Bob

text: Seger

text: Amboy

text: Dukes

text: featuring

text: Ted

text: Nugent

text: Mitch

text: Ryder

text: and

text: The

text: Detroit

text: Wheels

text: Rare

text: Earth

text: Alice

text: Cooper

text: and

text: Suzi

text: Quatro

text: The

text: group

text: Kiss

text: emphasized

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: connection

text: with

text: rock

text: in

text: the

text: song

text: Detroit

text: Rock

text: City

text: and

text: the

text: movie

text: produced

text: in

text: In

text: the

text: Detroit

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: hardcore

text: punk

text: rock

text: underground

text: with

text: many

text: nationally

text: known

text: bands

text: coming

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: its

text: suburbs

text: such

text: as

text: The

text: Necros

text: The

text: Meatmen

text: and

text: Negative

text: Approach

question: What music genre was big in Detroit in the 1980s?

answer: hardcore punk rock underground

text: hardcore punk rock underground

question: What year did the movie about Kiss come out?

answer: 1999

question: In which decades did bands like MC5 and Rare Earth become big in Detroit?

answer: 1960s and 70s

text: 1960s and 70s


text: The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century. Examples from the High Victorian Gothic period include George Gilbert Scott's design for the Albert Memorial in London, and William Butterfield's chapel at Keble College, Oxford. From the second half of the 19th century onwards it became more common in Britain for neo-Gothic to be used in the design of non-ecclesiastical and non-governmental buildings types. Gothic details even began to appear in working-class housing schemes subsidised by philanthropy, though given the expense, less frequently than in the design of upper and middle-class housing.

title: Gothic_architecture

title: Gothic_architecture

text: The

text: Houses

text: of

text: Parliament

text: in

text: London

text: by

text: Sir

text: Charles

text: Barry

text: with

text: interiors

text: by

text: a

text: major

text: exponent

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: Gothic

text: Revival

text: Augustus

text: Welby

text: Pugin

text: is

text: an

text: example

text: of

text: the

text: Gothic

text: revival

text: style

text: from

text: its

text: earlier

text: period

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Examples

text: from

text: the

text: High

text: Victorian

text: Gothic

text: period

text: include

text: George

text: Gilbert

text: Scott

text: 's

text: design

text: for

text: the

text: Albert

text: Memorial

text: in

text: London

text: and

text: William

text: Butterfield

text: 's

text: chapel

text: at

text: Keble

text: College

text: Oxford

text: From

text: the

text: second

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: onwards

text: it

text: became

text: more

text: common

text: in

text: Britain

text: for

text: neo

text: Gothic

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: design

text: of

text: non

text: ecclesiastical

text: and

text: non

text: governmental

text: buildings

text: types

text: Gothic

text: details

text: even

text: began

text: to

text: appear

text: in

text: working

text: class

text: housing

text: schemes

text: subsidised

text: by

text: philanthropy

text: though

text: given

text: the

text: expense

text: less

text: frequently

text: than

text: in

text: the

text: design

text: of

text: upper

text: and

text: middle

text: class

text: housing

question: Who was the exterior architect of the Houses of Parliament?

answer: Sir Charles Barry

text: Sir Charles Barry

question: Who was the interior architect of the Houses of Parliament?

answer: Augustus Welby Pugin

text: Augustus Welby Pugin

question: What style of architecture does the Houses of Parliament exemplify?

answer: the Gothic revival style

text: the Gothic revival style

question: Who designed the Albert Memorial in London?

answer: George Gilbert Scott

text: George Gilbert Scott

question: Who designed the chapel at Keble College, Oxford?

answer: William Butterfield

text: William Butterfield

question: Who was the failed architect of the Houses of Parliament?

text: Sir Charles Barry

question: Who was the cook of the Houses of Parliament?

text: Augustus Welby Pugin

question: What style of architecture does the Houses of Parliament mock?

text: the Gothic revival style

question: Who designed the Albert Memorial in Germany?

text: George Gilbert Scott

question: Who destroyed the chapel at Keble College, Oxford?

text: William Butterfield


text: As the economic situation worsened MacDonald agreed to form a "National Government" with the Conservatives and the Liberals. On 24 August 1931 MacDonald submitted the resignation of his ministers and led a small number of his senior colleagues in forming the National Government together with the other parties. This caused great anger among those within the Labour Party who felt betrayed by MacDonald's actions: he and his supporters were promptly expelled from the Labour Party and formed a separate National Labour Organisation. The remaining Labour Party MPs (led again by Arthur Henderson) and a few Liberals went into opposition. The ensuing 1931 general election resulted in overwhelming victory for the National Government and disaster for the Labour Party which won only 52 seats, 225 fewer than in 1929.

title: Labour_Party_(UK)

title: Labour_Party_(UK

text: As

text: the

text: economic

text: situation

text: worsened

text: MacDonald

text: agreed

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: National

text: Government

text: with

text: the

text: Conservatives

text: and

text: the

text: Liberals

text: On

text: August

text: MacDonald

text: submitted

text: the

text: resignation

text: of

text: his

text: ministers

text: and

text: led

text: a

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: his

text: senior

text: colleagues

text: in

text: forming

text: the

text: National

text: Government

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: other

text: parties

text: This

text: caused

text: great

text: anger

text: among

text: those

text: within

text: the

text: Labour

text: Party

text: who

text: felt

text: betrayed

text: by

text: MacDonald

text: 's

text: actions

text: he

text: and

text: his

text: supporters

text: were

text: promptly

text: expelled

text: from

text: the

text: Labour

text: Party

text: and

text: formed

text: a

text: separate

text: National

text: Labour

text: Organisation

text: The

text: remaining

text: Labour

text: Party

text: MPs

text: led

text: again

text: by

text: Arthur

text: Henderson

text: and

text: a

text: few

text: Liberals

text: went

text: into

text: opposition

text: The

text: ensuing

text: general

text: election

text: resulted

text: in

text: overwhelming

text: victory

text: for

text: the

text: National

text: Government

text: and

text: disaster

text: for

text: the

text: Labour

text: Party

text: which

text: won

text: only

text: seats

text: fewer

text: than

text: in

question: When did MacDonald submit the resignation of his ministers?

answer: 1931

question: What caused MacDonald to form a separate party?

answer: he and his supporters were promptly expelled

text: he and his supporters were promptly expelled

question: Who won the 1931 election?

answer: National Government

text: National Government

question: What happened when the economic situation got better?

question: Who refused to form a National Government?

text: MacDonald

question: How did people in the Conservative Party feel about MacDonald's actions?

text: great anger

question: Who was expelled from the National Labour Organisation?

text: MacDonald

question: What election was an overwhelming victory for the Labour Party?

text: 1931 general election


text: As a more urban culture developed, academies provided a means of transmission for speculative and philosophical literature in early civilizations, resulting in the prevalence of literature in Ancient China, Ancient India, Persia and Ancient Greece and Rome. Many works of earlier periods, even in narrative form, had a covert moral or didactic purpose, such as the Sanskrit Panchatantra or the Metamorphoses of Ovid. Drama and satire also developed as urban culture provided a larger public audience, and later readership, for literary production. Lyric poetry (as opposed to epic poetry) was often the speciality of courts and aristocratic circles, particularly in East Asia where songs were collected by the Chinese aristocracy as poems, the most notable being the Shijing or Book of Songs. Over a long period, the poetry of popular pre-literate balladry and song interpenetrated and eventually influenced poetry in the literary medium.

title: Literature

title: Literature

text: As

text: a

text: more

text: urban

text: culture

text: developed

text: academies

text: provided

text: a

text: means

text: of

text: transmission

text: for

text: speculative

text: and

text: philosophical

text: literature

text: in

text: early

text: civilizations

text: resulting

text: in

text: the

text: prevalence

text: of

text: literature

text: in

text: Ancient

text: China

text: Ancient

text: India

text: Persia

text: and

text: Ancient

text: Greece

text: and

text: Rome

text: Many

text: works

text: of

text: earlier

text: periods

text: even

text: in

text: narrative

text: form

text: had

text: a

text: covert

text: moral

text: or

text: didactic

text: purpose

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Sanskrit

text: Panchatantra

text: or

text: the

text: Metamorphoses

text: of

text: Ovid

text: Drama

text: and

text: satire

text: also

text: developed

text: as

text: urban

text: culture

text: provided

text: a

text: larger

text: public

text: audience

text: and

text: later

text: readership

text: for

text: literary

text: production

text: Lyric

text: poetry

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: epic

text: poetry

text: was

text: often

text: the

text: speciality

text: of

text: courts

text: and

text: aristocratic

text: circles

text: particularly

text: in

text: East

text: Asia

text: where

text: songs

text: were

text: collected

text: by

text: the

text: Chinese

text: aristocracy

text: as

text: poems

text: the

text: most

text: notable

text: being

text: the

text: Shijing

text: or

text: Book

text: of

text: Songs

text: Over

text: a

text: long

text: period

text: the

text: poetry

text: of

text: popular

text: pre

text: literate

text: balladry

text: and

text: song

text: interpenetrated

text: and

text: eventually

text: influenced

text: poetry

text: in

text: the

text: literary

text: medium

question: What are some classical societies whose literature is still studied today?

answer: Ancient China, Ancient India, Persia and Ancient Greece and Rome

text: Ancient China, Ancient India, Persia and Ancient Greece and Rome

question: Besides entertainment or informational value, classic literature also possessed what quality?

answer: a covert moral or didactic purpose

text: a covert moral or didactic purpose

question: What societal evolution helped to develop drama and satire by providing a ready audience?

answer: urban culture

text: urban culture

question: From what settings did lyric poetry derive?

answer: courts and aristocratic circles

text: courts and aristocratic circles

question: What is an example of a collection of classic Chinese lyric poetry?

answer: the Shijing or Book of Songs

text: the Shijing or Book of Songs

question: Literature from Ancient China, Cambodia, Ancient India, Persia and what other two societies are still studied today?

text: Ancient Greece and Rome

question: Two works that had either overt moral or didactic purpose are what?

question: What genres developed as rural culture grew and provided a larger audience?

text: Drama and satire

question: Epic poetry was a specialty of what?

text: courts and aristocratic circles,

question: In West Asia, songs were collected by what people as poems?

text: Chinese aristocracy

question: What did academies provide when a more suburban culture developed?

question: Besides Ancient Japan, what classical societies have literature that is still studied today?

question: What genres developed as suburban culture provided a bigger audience?

text: Drama and satire

question: Who collected songs as poems from West Asia?

text: Chinese aristocracy

question: What was epic poetry the specialty of?

text: courts and aristocratic circles

question: What did urban culture provide that helped poetry and satire?

text: a larger public audience

question: What were poems in East Asia collected as?

text: songs

question: Who collected songs in Ancient Asia?

text: Chinese aristocracy


text: Semantic-phonetic compounds or pictophonetic compounds are by far the most numerous characters. These characters are composed of two parts: one of a limited set of characters (the semantic indicator, often graphically simplified) which suggests the general meaning of the compound character, and another character (the phonetic indicator) whose pronunciation suggests the pronunciation of the compound character. In most cases the semantic indicator is also the radical under which the character is listed in dictionaries.

title: Chinese_characters

title: Chinese_characters

text: Semantic

text: phonetic

text: compounds

text: or

text: pictophonetic

text: compounds

text: are

text: by

text: far

text: the

text: most

text: numerous

text: characters

text: These

text: characters

text: are

text: composed

text: of

text: two

text: parts

text: one

text: of

text: a

text: limited

text: set

text: of

text: characters

text: the

text: semantic

text: indicator

text: often

text: graphically

text: simplified

text: which

text: suggests

text: the

text: general

text: meaning

text: of

text: the

text: compound

text: character

text: and

text: another

text: character

text: the

text: phonetic

text: indicator

text: whose

text: pronunciation

text: suggests

text: the

text: pronunciation

text: of

text: the

text: compound

text: character

text: In

text: most

text: cases

text: the

text: semantic

text: indicator

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: radical

text: under

text: which

text: the

text: character

text: is

text: listed

text: in

text: dictionaries

question: What are the most numerous characters?

answer: Semantic-phonetic compounds

text: Semantic-phonetic compounds

question: What is the radical under which the character is listed in dictionaries?

answer: semantic indicator

text: semantic indicator

question: What suggests the general meaning of a compound character?

answer: semantic indicator

text: semantic indicator


text: In 1977, Schwarzenegger's autobiography/weight-training guide Arnold: The Education of a Bodybuilder was published and became a huge success. After taking English classes at Santa Monica College in California, he earned a BA by correspondence from the University of Wisconsin–Superior, where he graduated with a degree in international marketing of fitness and business administration in 1979.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: In

text: Schwarzenegger

text: 's

text: autobiography

text: weight

text: training

text: guide

text: Arnold

text: The

text: Education

text: of

text: a

text: Bodybuilder

text: was

text: published

text: and

text: became

text: a

text: huge

text: success

text: After

text: taking

text: English

text: classes

text: at

text: Santa

text: Monica

text: College

text: in

text: California

text: he

text: earned

text: a

text: BA

text: by

text: correspondence

text: from

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Wisconsin

text: Superior

text: where

text: he

text: graduated

text: with

text: a

text: degree

text: in

text: international

text: marketing

text: of

text: fitness

text: and

text: business

text: administration

text: in

question: What's the title of Schwarzenegger's 1977 book?

answer: Arnold: The Education of a Bodybuilder

text: Arnold: The Education of a Bodybuilder

question: At what college did Schwarzenegger study but not receive his degree?

answer: Santa Monica College

text: Santa Monica College


text: "Alsatia", the Latin form of Alsace's name, has long ago entered the English language with the specialized meaning of "a lawless place" or "a place under no jurisdiction" - since Alsace was conceived by English people to be such. It was used into the 20th century as a term for a ramshackle marketplace, "protected by ancient custom and the independence of their patrons". As of 2007, the word is still in use among the English and Australian judiciaries with the meaning of a place where the law cannot reach: "In setting up the Serious Organised Crime Agency, the state has set out to create an Alsatia - a region of executive action free of judicial oversight," Lord Justice Sedley in UMBS v SOCA 2007.

title: Alsace

title: Alsace

text: Alsatia

text: the

text: Latin

text: form

text: of

text: Alsace

text: 's

text: name

text: has

text: long

text: ago

text: entered

text: the

text: English

text: language

text: with

text: the

text: specialized

text: meaning

text: of

text: a

text: lawless

text: place

text: or

text: a

text: place

text: under

text: no

text: jurisdiction

text: since

text: Alsace

text: was

text: conceived

text: by

text: English

text: people

text: to

text: be

text: such

text: It

text: was

text: used

text: into

text: the

text: century

text: as

text: a

text: term

text: for

text: a

text: ramshackle

text: marketplace

text: protected

text: by

text: ancient

text: custom

text: and

text: the

text: independence

text: of

text: their

text: patrons

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: word

text: is

text: still

text: in

text: use

text: among

text: the

text: English

text: and

text: Australian

text: judiciaries

text: with

text: the

text: meaning

text: of

text: a

text: place

text: where

text: the

text: law

text: can

text: not

text: reach

text: In

text: setting

text: up

text: the

text: Serious

text: Organised

text: Crime

text: Agency

text: the

text: state

text: has

text: set

text: out

text: to

text: create

text: an

text: Alsatia

text: a

text: region

text: of

text: executive

text: action

text: free

text: of

text: judicial

text: oversight

text: Lord

text: Justice

text: Sedley

text: in

text: UMBS

text: v

text: SOCA

question: What is the meaning of the name Aslatia in English?

answer: a lawless place" or "a place under no jurisdiction

text: a lawless place" or "a place under no jurisdiction

question: What was the meaning or term used for Aslace that was used by english people in the 20th century?

answer: ramshackle marketplace

text: ramshackle marketplace

question: Which nationalities still refer it to Alslace "ramshackle marketplace" as of 2007?

answer: English and Australian

text: English and Australian

question: What is Lord Justice Sedley's nationality?

text: Australian

question: Who coined the word "Alsatia"?

text: Alsatia

question: Alsatia is the English form of what?

text: Alsace's name

question: When did the use of the word Alsatia fall out of practice?

question: What does UMBS stand for?

text: Serious Organised Crime Agency


text: Hydropower is produced in 150 countries, with the Asia-Pacific region generating 32 percent of global hydropower in 2010. China is the largest hydroelectricity producer, with 721 terawatt-hours of production in 2010, representing around 17 percent of domestic electricity use. There are now three hydroelectricity plants larger than 10 GW: the Three Gorges Dam in China, Itaipu Dam across the Brazil/Paraguay border, and Guri Dam in Venezuela. The cost of hydroelectricity is low, making it a competitive source of renewable electricity. The average cost of electricity from a hydro plant larger than 10 megawatts is 3 to 5 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour.

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

text: Hydropower

text: is

text: produced

text: in

text: countries

text: with

text: the

text: Asia

text: Pacific

text: region

text: generating

text: percent

text: of

text: global

text: hydropower

text: in

text: China

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: hydroelectricity

text: producer

text: with

text: terawatt

text: hours

text: of

text: production

text: in

text: representing

text: around

text: percent

text: of

text: domestic

text: electricity

text: use

text: There

text: are

text: now

text: three

text: hydroelectricity

text: plants

text: larger

text: than

text: GW

text: the

text: Three

text: Gorges

text: Dam

text: in

text: China

text: Itaipu

text: Dam

text: across

text: the

text: Brazil

text: Paraguay

text: border

text: and

text: Guri

text: Dam

text: in

text: Venezuela

text: The

text: cost

text: of

text: hydroelectricity

text: is

text: low

text: making

text: it

text: a

text: competitive

text: source

text: of

text: renewable

text: electricity

text: The

text: average

text: cost

text: of

text: electricity

text: from

text: a

text: hydro

text: plant

text: larger

text: than

text: megawatts

text: is

text: to

text: U.S.

text: cents

text: per

text: kilowatt

text: hour

question: Hydropower is produced in how many countries?

answer: 150

question: Which country is the largest hydroelectricity producer?

answer: China

text: China

question: How many hydroelectricity plants are larger than 10 GW?

answer: three

text: three

question: What is the average cost of electricity from a hydro plant larger than 10 megawatts?

answer: 3 to 5 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour

text: 3 to 5 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour

question: Hydropower is not produced in how many countries?

question: Which country is the smallest hydroelectricity producer?

text: China

question: How many hydroelectricity plants are larger than 20 GW?

text: three

question: What is the average cost of electricity from a hydro plant smaller than 10 megawatts?

text: 3 to 5 U.S. cents per kilowatt-hour


text: However, the battle was one-sided almost from the beginning. The reasons for this are the subject of continuing study by military strategists and academics. There is general agreement that US technological superiority was a crucial factor but the speed and scale of the Iraqi collapse has also been attributed to poor strategic and tactical leadership and low morale among Iraqi troops, which resulted from a history of incompetent leadership. After devastating initial strikes against Iraqi air defenses and command and control facilities on 17 January 1991, coalition forces achieved total air superiority almost immediately. The Iraqi air force was destroyed within a few days, with some planes fleeing to Iran, where they were interned for the duration of the conflict. The overwhelming technological advantages of the US, such as stealth aircraft and infrared sights, quickly turned the air war into a "turkey shoot". The heat signature of any tank which started its engine made an easy target. Air defense radars were quickly destroyed by radar-seeking missiles fired from wild weasel aircraft. Grainy video clips, shot from the nose cameras of missiles as they aimed at impossibly small targets, were a staple of US news coverage and revealed to the world a new kind of war, compared by some to a video game. Over 6 weeks of relentless pounding by planes and helicopters, the Iraqi army was almost completely beaten but did not retreat, under orders from Iraqi President Saddam Hussein, and by the time the ground forces invaded on 24 February, many Iraqi troops quickly surrendered to forces much smaller than their own; in one instance, Iraqi forces attempted to surrender to a television camera crew that was advancing with coalition forces.

title: Military_history_of_the_United_States

title: Military_history_of_the_United_States

text: However

text: the

text: battle

text: was

text: one

text: sided

text: almost

text: from

text: the

text: beginning

text: The

text: reasons

text: for

text: this

text: are

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: continuing

text: study

text: by

text: military

text: strategists

text: and

text: academics

text: There

text: is

text: general

text: agreement

text: that

text: US

text: technological

text: superiority

text: was

text: a

text: crucial

text: factor

text: but

text: the

text: speed

text: and

text: scale

text: of

text: the

text: Iraqi

text: collapse

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: attributed

text: to

text: poor

text: strategic

text: and

text: tactical

text: leadership

text: and

text: low

text: morale

text: among

text: Iraqi

text: troops

text: which

text: resulted

text: from

text: a

text: history

text: of

text: incompetent

text: leadership

text: After

text: devastating

text: initial

text: strikes

text: against

text: Iraqi

text: air

text: defenses

text: and

text: command

text: and

text: control

text: facilities

text: on

text: January

text: coalition

text: forces

text: achieved

text: total

text: air

text: superiority

text: almost

text: immediately

text: The

text: Iraqi

text: air

text: force

text: was

text: destroyed

text: within

text: a

text: few

text: days

text: with

text: some

text: planes

text: fleeing

text: to

text: Iran

text: where

text: they

text: were

text: interned

text: for

text: the

text: duration

text: of

text: the

text: conflict

text: The

text: overwhelming

text: technological

text: advantages

text: of

text: the

text: US

text: such

text: as

text: stealth

text: aircraft

text: and

text: infrared

text: sights

text: quickly

text: turned

text: the

text: air

text: war

text: into

text: a

text: turkey

text: shoot

text: The

text: heat

text: signature

text: of

text: any

text: tank

text: which

text: started

text: its

text: engine

text: made

text: an

text: easy

text: target

text: Air

text: defense

text: radars

text: were

text: quickly

text: destroyed

text: by

text: radar

text: seeking

text: missiles

text: fired

text: from

text: wild

text: weasel

text: aircraft

text: Grainy

text: video

text: clips

text: shot

text: from

text: the

text: nose

text: cameras

text: of

text: missiles

text: as

text: they

text: aimed

text: at

text: impossibly

text: small

text: targets

text: were

text: a

text: staple

text: of

text: US

text: news

text: coverage

text: and

text: revealed

text: to

text: the

text: world

text: a

text: new

text: kind

text: of

text: war

text: compared

text: by

text: some

text: to

text: a

text: video

text: game

text: Over

text: weeks

text: of

text: relentless

text: pounding

text: by

text: planes

text: and

text: helicopters

text: the

text: Iraqi

text: army

text: was

text: almost

text: completely

text: beaten

text: but

text: did

text: not

text: retreat

text: under

text: orders

text: from

text: Iraqi

text: President

text: Saddam

text: Hussein

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: ground

text: forces

text: invaded

text: on

text: February

text: many

text: Iraqi

text: troops

text: quickly

text: surrendered

text: to

text: forces

text: much

text: smaller

text: than

text: their

text: own

text: in

text: one

text: instance

text: Iraqi

text: forces

text: attempted

text: to

text: surrender

text: to

text: a

text: television

text: camera

text: crew

text: that

text: was

text: advancing

text: with

text: coalition

text: forces

question: What is the main reason the US-led coalition won a decisive victory in the Persian Gulf War?

answer: US technological superiority

text: US technological superiority

question: What faults in the Iraqi forces led to their rapid defeat?

answer: poor strategic and tactical leadership and low morale

text: poor strategic and tactical leadership and low morale

question: US airstrikes on Iraqi air defenses and command and control facilities began when?

answer: on 17 January 1991

text: on 17 January 1991

question: When did US ground forces attack Iraqi positions?

answer: 24 February

text: 24 February

question: Who ordered Iraqi forces to hold their ground despite air bombardments?

answer: Iraqi President Saddam Hussein

text: Iraqi President Saddam Hussein

question: What is the main reason the UK-led coalition won a decisive victory in the Persian Gulf War?

text: US technological superiority

question: What faults in the Iranian forces led to their rapid defeat?

question: US airstrikes on Iranian air defenses and command and control facilities began when?

text: 17 January 1991

question: When did UK ground forces attack Iraqi positions?

text: 24 February

question: Who ordered Iranian forces to hold their ground despite air bombardments?

text: Iraqi President Saddam Hussein


text: These immigrants were largely responsible for the first general strike in North America in 1835, in which workers in the city won the ten-hour workday. The city was a destination for thousands of Irish immigrants fleeing the Great Famine in the 1840s; housing for them was developed south of South Street, and was later occupied by succeeding immigrants. They established a network of Catholic churches and schools, and dominated the Catholic clergy for decades. Anti-Irish, anti-Catholic Nativist riots had erupted in Philadelphia in 1844. In the latter half of the century, immigrants from Russia, Eastern Europe and Italy; and African Americans from the southern U.S. settled in the city. Between 1880 and 1930, the African-American population of Philadelphia increased from 31,699 to 219,559. Twentieth-century black newcomers were part of the Great Migration out of the rural South to northern and midwestern industrial cities.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: These

text: immigrants

text: were

text: largely

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: general

text: strike

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: in

text: in

text: which

text: workers

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: won

text: the

text: ten

text: hour

text: workday

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: a

text: destination

text: for

text: thousands

text: of

text: Irish

text: immigrants

text: fleeing

text: the

text: Great

text: Famine

text: in

text: the

text: housing

text: for

text: them

text: was

text: developed

text: south

text: of

text: South

text: Street

text: and

text: was

text: later

text: occupied

text: by

text: succeeding

text: immigrants

text: They

text: established

text: a

text: network

text: of

text: Catholic

text: churches

text: and

text: schools

text: and

text: dominated

text: the

text: Catholic

text: clergy

text: for

text: decades

text: Anti

text: Irish

text: anti

text: Catholic

text: Nativist

text: riots

text: had

text: erupted

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: in

text: In

text: the

text: latter

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: immigrants

text: from

text: Russia

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: and

text: Italy

text: and

text: African

text: Americans

text: from

text: the

text: southern

text: U.S.

text: settled

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: Between

text: and

text: the

text: African

text: American

text: population

text: of

text: Philadelphia

text: increased

text: from

text: to

text: Twentieth

text: century

text: black

text: newcomers

text: were

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Migration

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: rural

text: South

text: to

text: northern

text: and

text: midwestern

text: industrial

text: cities

question: Who carried out the first strike in North America?

answer: immigrants

text: immigrants

question: When did the strike take place?

answer: 1835

question: What did the strikers achieve?

answer: ten-hour workday

text: ten-hour workday

question: Why did so many Irish immigrants come to Philadelphia?

answer: the Great Famine

text: the Great Famine

question: When did the black population explode?

answer: Between 1880 and 1930

text: Between 1880 and 1930


text: The exta were the entrails of a sacrificed animal, comprising in Cicero's enumeration the gall bladder (fel), liver (iecur), heart (cor), and lungs (pulmones). The exta were exposed for litatio (divine approval) as part of Roman liturgy, but were "read" in the context of the disciplina Etrusca. As a product of Roman sacrifice, the exta and blood are reserved for the gods, while the meat (viscera) is shared among human beings in a communal meal. The exta of bovine victims were usually stewed in a pot (olla or aula), while those of sheep or pigs were grilled on skewers. When the deity's portion was cooked, it was sprinkled with mola salsa (ritually prepared salted flour) and wine, then placed in the fire on the altar for the offering; the technical verb for this action was porricere.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: The

text: exta

text: were

text: the

text: entrails

text: of

text: a

text: sacrificed

text: animal

text: comprising

text: in

text: Cicero

text: 's

text: enumeration

text: the

text: gall

text: bladder

text: fel

text: liver

text: iecur

text: heart

text: cor

text: and

text: lungs

text: pulmones

text: The

text: exta

text: were

text: exposed

text: for

text: litatio

text: divine

text: approval

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: Roman

text: liturgy

text: but

text: were

text: read

text: in

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: the

text: disciplina

text: Etrusca

text: As

text: a

text: product

text: of

text: Roman

text: sacrifice

text: the

text: exta

text: and

text: blood

text: are

text: reserved

text: for

text: the

text: gods

text: while

text: the

text: meat

text: viscera

text: is

text: shared

text: among

text: human

text: beings

text: in

text: a

text: communal

text: meal

text: The

text: exta

text: of

text: bovine

text: victims

text: were

text: usually

text: stewed

text: in

text: a

text: pot

text: olla

text: or

text: aula

text: while

text: those

text: of

text: sheep

text: or

text: pigs

text: were

text: grilled

text: on

text: skewers

text: When

text: the

text: deity

text: 's

text: portion

text: was

text: cooked

text: it

text: was

text: sprinkled

text: with

text: mola

text: salsa

text: ritually

text: prepared

text: salted

text: flour

text: and

text: wine

text: then

text: placed

text: in

text: the

text: fire

text: on

text: the

text: altar

text: for

text: the

text: offering

text: the

text: technical

text: verb

text: for

text: this

text: action

text: was

text: porricere

question: What were the exta of a sacrifice?

answer: entrails

text: entrails

question: How were the exta read in Roman religious practice?

answer: disciplina Etrusca

text: disciplina Etrusca

question: What part of the sacrifice were reserved for the gods?

answer: exta and blood

text: exta and blood

question: What part of the sacrifice was shared among humans?

answer: meat

text: meat

question: Into what was the god's portion of the sacrifice placed?

answer: fire on the altar

text: fire on the altar


text: The production for sulfidic zinc ores produces large amounts of sulfur dioxide and cadmium vapor. Smelter slag and other residues of process also contain significant amounts of heavy metals. About 1.1 million tonnes of metallic zinc and 130 thousand tonnes of lead were mined and smelted in the Belgian towns of La Calamine and Plombières between 1806 and 1882. The dumps of the past mining operations leach significant amounts of zinc and cadmium, and, as a result, the sediments of the Geul River contain significant amounts of heavy metals. About two thousand years ago emissions of zinc from mining and smelting totaled 10 thousand tonnes a year. After increasing 10-fold from 1850, zinc emissions peaked at 3.4 million tonnes per year in the 1980s and declined to 2.7 million tonnes in the 1990s, although a 2005 study of the Arctic troposphere found that the concentrations there did not reflect the decline. Anthropogenic and natural emissions occur at a ratio of 20 to 1.

title: Zinc

title: Zinc

text: The

text: production

text: for

text: sulfidic

text: zinc

text: ores

text: produces

text: large

text: amounts

text: of

text: sulfur

text: dioxide

text: and

text: cadmium

text: vapor

text: Smelter

text: slag

text: and

text: other

text: residues

text: of

text: process

text: also

text: contain

text: significant

text: amounts

text: of

text: heavy

text: metals

text: About

text: million

text: tonnes

text: of

text: metallic

text: zinc

text: and

text: thousand

text: tonnes

text: of

text: lead

text: were

text: mined

text: and

text: smelted

text: in

text: the

text: Belgian

text: towns

text: of

text: La

text: Calamine

text: and

text: Plombières

text: between

text: and

text: The

text: dumps

text: of

text: the

text: past

text: mining

text: operations

text: leach

text: significant

text: amounts

text: of

text: zinc

text: and

text: cadmium

text: and

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: the

text: sediments

text: of

text: the

text: Geul

text: River

text: contain

text: significant

text: amounts

text: of

text: heavy

text: metals

text: About

text: two

text: thousand

text: years

text: ago

text: emissions

text: of

text: zinc

text: from

text: mining

text: and

text: smelting

text: totaled

text: thousand

text: tonnes

text: a

text: year

text: After

text: increasing

text: from

text: zinc

text: emissions

text: peaked

text: at

text: million

text: tonnes

text: per

text: year

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: declined

text: to

text: million

text: tonnes

text: in

text: the

text: although

text: a

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: Arctic

text: troposphere

text: found

text: that

text: the

text: concentrations

text: there

text: did

text: not

text: reflect

text: the

text: decline

text: Anthropogenic

text: and

text: natural

text: emissions

text: occur

text: at

text: a

text: ratio

text: of

text: to

question: Large amounts of sulfur dioxide and cadmium vapor are produced due to what?

answer: The production for sulfidic zinc ores

text: The production for sulfidic zinc ores

question: Smelter slag contains a significant amount of what?

answer: heavy metals

text: heavy metals

question: Why does the Geul River contain heavy metals in a significant amount?

answer: mining operations leach significant amounts of zinc and cadmium

text: mining operations leach significant amounts of zinc and cadmium

question: What is the ratio that anthropogenic and natural emissions occur at?

answer: 20 to 1

text: 20 to 1

question: What produces tiny amounts of sulfur dioxide and cadmium vapor?

text: The production for sulfidic zinc ores

question: What does smelter slag contain a trivial amount of?

text: heavy metals

question: Why does the Geul River contain no heavy metals?

question: What is the ratio that anthropogenic and unnatural emissions occur at?

text: 20 to 1


text: A literary technique or literary device can be used by authors in order to enhance the written framework of a piece of literature, and produce specific effects. Literary techniques encompass a wide range of approaches to crafting a work: whether a work is narrated in first-person or from another perspective, whether to use a traditional linear narrative or a nonlinear narrative, or the choice of literary genre, are all examples of literary technique. They may indicate to a reader that there is a familiar structure and presentation to a work, such as a conventional murder-mystery novel; or, the author may choose to experiment with their technique to surprise the reader.

title: Literature

title: Literature

text: A

text: literary

text: technique

text: or

text: literary

text: device

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: by

text: authors

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: enhance

text: the

text: written

text: framework

text: of

text: a

text: piece

text: of

text: literature

text: and

text: produce

text: specific

text: effects

text: Literary

text: techniques

text: encompass

text: a

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: approaches

text: to

text: crafting

text: a

text: work

text: whether

text: a

text: work

text: is

text: narrated

text: in

text: first

text: person

text: or

text: from

text: another

text: perspective

text: whether

text: to

text: use

text: a

text: traditional

text: linear

text: narrative

text: or

text: a

text: nonlinear

text: narrative

text: or

text: the

text: choice

text: of

text: literary

text: genre

text: are

text: all

text: examples

text: of

text: literary

text: technique

text: They

text: may

text: indicate

text: to

text: a

text: reader

text: that

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: familiar

text: structure

text: and

text: presentation

text: to

text: a

text: work

text: such

text: as

text: a

text: conventional

text: murder

text: mystery

text: novel

text: or

text: the

text: author

text: may

text: choose

text: to

text: experiment

text: with

text: their

text: technique

text: to

text: surprise

text: the

text: reader

question: Literary devices are employed for what reason?

answer: produce specific effects

text: produce specific effects

question: What is one form of narration in literature?

answer: first-person

text: first-person

question: What are two types of narrative structure in literature?

answer: linear narrative or a nonlinear narrative

text: linear narrative or a nonlinear narrative

question: Why would an author utilize experimental narratives in literature?

answer: to surprise the reader

text: to surprise the reader

question: In what type of writing would a more familiar, standard literary narrative structure be employed?

answer: a conventional murder-mystery novel

text: a conventional murder-mystery novel

question: Literary techniques are used to disenhance the what of a piece of literature?

text: written framework

question: Literary techniques cover a slim range of what?

question: What are examples of poetic technique?

question: What might the author do to bore the reader?

question: What do literary techniques specifically accomplish?

question: Why do all authors experiment with their technique?

text: to surprise the reader

question: What is a familiar structure is an example of?

text: literary technique


text: Sweet desserts such as galaktoboureko, and drinks such as ouzo, metaxa and a variety of wines including retsina. Greek cuisine differs widely from different parts of the mainland and from island to island. It uses some flavorings more often than other Mediterranean cuisines: oregano, mint, garlic, onion, dill and bay laurel leaves. Other common herbs and spices include basil, thyme and fennel seed. Many Greek recipes, especially in the northern parts of the country, use "sweet" spices in combination with meat, for example cinnamon and cloves in stews.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: Sweet

text: desserts

text: such

text: as

text: galaktoboureko

text: and

text: drinks

text: such

text: as

text: ouzo

text: metaxa

text: and

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: wines

text: including

text: retsina

text: Greek

text: cuisine

text: differs

text: widely

text: from

text: different

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: mainland

text: and

text: from

text: island

text: to

text: island

text: It

text: uses

text: some

text: flavorings

text: more

text: often

text: than

text: other

text: Mediterranean

text: cuisines

text: oregano

text: mint

text: garlic

text: onion

text: dill

text: and

text: bay

text: laurel

text: leaves

text: Other

text: common

text: herbs

text: and

text: spices

text: include

text: basil

text: thyme

text: and

text: fennel

text: seed

text: Many

text: Greek

text: recipes

text: especially

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: use

text: sweet

text: spices

text: in

text: combination

text: with

text: meat

text: for

text: example

text: cinnamon

text: and

text: cloves

text: in

text: stews

question: What is the name of one sweet dessert in Greece?

answer: galaktoboureko

text: galaktoboureko

question: What is one of the flavorings commonly used in Greek Mediterranean food?

answer: oregano

text: oregano

question: What is one of the sweet spices Greeks like to use with meat?

answer: cinnamon

text: cinnamon


text: The foundation trust invests undistributed assets, with the exclusive goal of maximizing the return on investment. As a result, its investments include companies that have been criticized for worsening poverty in the same developing countries where the foundation is attempting to relieve poverty. These include companies that pollute heavily and pharmaceutical companies that do not sell into the developing world. In response to press criticism, the foundation announced in 2007 a review of its investments to assess social responsibility. It subsequently cancelled the review and stood by its policy of investing for maximum return, while using voting rights to influence company practices.

title: Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation

title: Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation

text: The

text: foundation

text: trust

text: invests

text: undistributed

text: assets

text: with

text: the

text: exclusive

text: goal

text: of

text: maximizing

text: the

text: return

text: on

text: investment

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: its

text: investments

text: include

text: companies

text: that

text: have

text: been

text: criticized

text: for

text: worsening

text: poverty

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: developing

text: countries

text: where

text: the

text: foundation

text: is

text: attempting

text: to

text: relieve

text: poverty

text: These

text: include

text: companies

text: that

text: pollute

text: heavily

text: and

text: pharmaceutical

text: companies

text: that

text: do

text: not

text: sell

text: into

text: the

text: developing

text: world

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: press

text: criticism

text: the

text: foundation

text: announced

text: in

text: a

text: review

text: of

text: its

text: investments

text: to

text: assess

text: social

text: responsibility

text: It

text: subsequently

text: cancelled

text: the

text: review

text: and

text: stood

text: by

text: its

text: policy

text: of

text: investing

text: for

text: maximum

text: return

text: while

text: using

text: voting

text: rights

text: to

text: influence

text: company

text: practices

question: What does the Trust invest

answer: The foundation trust invests undistributed assets

text: The foundation trust invests undistributed assets

question: What is the goal of the Trust investments

answer: exclusive goal of maximizing the return on investment

text: exclusive goal of maximizing the return on investment

question: What are some of the negatives of the investments

answer: its investments include companies that have been criticized for worsening poverty in the same developing countries

text: its investments include companies that have been criticized for worsening poverty in the same developing countries

question: What type of company's are  critiscized

answer: These include companies that pollute heavily and pharmaceutical companies that do not sell into the developing world

text: These include companies that pollute heavily and pharmaceutical companies that do not sell into the developing world

question: As a result of the critics what did the company announce

answer: the foundation announced in 2007 a review of its investments to assess social responsibility. It subsequently cancelled the review

text: the foundation announced in 2007 a review of its investments to assess social responsibility. It subsequently cancelled the review

question: What is the exclusive goal of the developing world trust?

text: maximizing the return on investment

question: What does the company invest?

text: undistributed assets

question: When did the company decide to review its lack of sales in the developing world?

question: What policy did the company cancel after 2007?

text: investing for maximum return


text: The Lempel–Ziv (LZ) compression methods are among the most popular algorithms for lossless storage. DEFLATE is a variation on LZ optimized for decompression speed and compression ratio, but compression can be slow. DEFLATE is used in PKZIP, Gzip and PNG. LZW (Lempel–Ziv–Welch) is used in GIF images. Also noteworthy is the LZR (Lempel-Ziv–Renau) algorithm, which serves as the basis for the Zip method.[citation needed] LZ methods use a table-based compression model where table entries are substituted for repeated strings of data. For most LZ methods, this table is generated dynamically from earlier data in the input. The table itself is often Huffman encoded (e.g. SHRI, LZX). Current LZ-based coding schemes that perform well are Brotli and LZX. LZX is used in Microsoft's CAB format.

title: Data_compression

title: Data_compression

text: The

text: Lempel

text: Ziv

text: LZ

text: compression

text: methods

text: are

text: among

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: algorithms

text: for

text: lossless

text: storage

text: DEFLATE

text: is

text: a

text: variation

text: on

text: LZ

text: optimized

text: for

text: decompression

text: speed

text: and

text: compression

text: ratio

text: but

text: compression

text: can

text: be

text: slow

text: DEFLATE

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: PKZIP

text: Gzip

text: and

text: PNG

text: LZW

text: Lempel

text: Ziv

text: Welch

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: GIF

text: images

text: Also

text: noteworthy

text: is

text: the

text: LZR

text: Lempel

text: Ziv

text: Renau

text: algorithm

text: which

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: basis

text: for

text: the

text: Zip

text: method.[citation

text: needed

text: LZ

text: methods

text: use

text: a

text: table

text: based

text: compression

text: model

text: where

text: table

text: entries

text: are

text: substituted

text: for

text: repeated

text: strings

text: of

text: data

text: For

text: most

text: LZ

text: methods

text: this

text: table

text: is

text: generated

text: dynamically

text: from

text: earlier

text: data

text: in

text: the

text: input

text: The

text: table

text: itself

text: is

text: often

text: Huffman

text: encoded

text: e.g.

text: SHRI

text: LZX

text: Current

text: LZ

text: based

text: coding

text: schemes

text: that

text: perform

text: well

text: are

text: Brotli

text: and

text: LZX

text: LZX

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: Microsoft

text: 's

text: CAB

text: format

question: What compression methods are among the most popular?

answer: Lempel–Ziv (LZ)

text: Lempel–Ziv (LZ)

question: What is used in PKZIP, Gzip and PNG?

answer: DEFLATE

text: DEFLATE

question: What serves as the basis of the Zip method?

answer: LZR

text: LZR

question: What is a current LZ based coding scheme that does well?

answer: Brotli

text: Brotli

question: What is used in Microsoft's CAB format?

answer: LZX

text: LZX

question: What speed methods are among the most popular?

text: Lempel–Ziv (LZ)

question: What is used in PKZIP, LZR, and Huffman?

text: DEFLATE

question: What serves as the dynamically generated table for the Zip method?

text: LZR

question: What is a current LZ based CAB that does well?

text: Brotli

question: What is used in Microsoft's DEFLATE format?

text: LZX


text: On May 9, 2011, Shriver and Schwarzenegger ended their relationship after 25 years of marriage, with Shriver moving out of the couple's Brentwood mansion. On May 16, 2011, the Los Angeles Times revealed that Schwarzenegger had fathered a son more than fourteen years earlier with an employee in their household, Mildred Patricia 'Patty' Baena. "After leaving the governor's office I told my wife about this event, which occurred over a decade ago," Schwarzenegger said in a statement issued to The Times. In the statement, Schwarzenegger did not mention that he had confessed to his wife only after Shriver had confronted him with the information, which she had done after confirming with the housekeeper what she had suspected about the child.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: On

text: May

text: Shriver

text: and

text: Schwarzenegger

text: ended

text: their

text: relationship

text: after

text: years

text: of

text: marriage

text: with

text: Shriver

text: moving

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: couple

text: 's

text: Brentwood

text: mansion

text: On

text: May

text: the

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Times

text: revealed

text: that

text: Schwarzenegger

text: had

text: fathered

text: a

text: son

text: more

text: than

text: fourteen

text: years

text: earlier

text: with

text: an

text: employee

text: in

text: their

text: household

text: Mildred

text: Patricia

text: Patty

text: Baena

text: After

text: leaving

text: the

text: governor

text: 's

text: office

text: I

text: told

text: my

text: wife

text: about

text: this

text: event

text: which

text: occurred

text: over

text: a

text: decade

text: ago

text: Schwarzenegger

text: said

text: in

text: a

text: statement

text: issued

text: to

text: The

text: Times

text: In

text: the

text: statement

text: Schwarzenegger

text: did

text: not

text: mention

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: confessed

text: to

text: his

text: wife

text: only

text: after

text: Shriver

text: had

text: confronted

text: him

text: with

text: the

text: information

text: which

text: she

text: had

text: done

text: after

text: confirming

text: with

text: the

text: housekeeper

text: what

text: she

text: had

text: suspected

text: about

text: the

text: child

question: How long were Schwarzenegger and Shriver married?

answer: 25 years

text: 25 years

question: What newspaper broke the story about Schwarzenegger's child with another woman?

answer: the Los Angeles Times

text: the Los Angeles Times


text: The First Great Awakening was an evangelical and revitalization movement that swept through Protestant Europe and British America, especially the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, leaving a permanent impact on American Protestantism. It resulted from powerful preaching that gave listeners a sense of deep personal revelation of their need of salvation by Jesus Christ. Pulling away from ritual, ceremony, sacramentalism and hierarchy, it made Christianity intensely personal to the average person by fostering a deep sense of spiritual conviction and redemption, and by encouraging introspection and a commitment to a new standard of personal morality.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: The

text: First

text: Great

text: Awakening

text: was

text: an

text: evangelical

text: and

text: revitalization

text: movement

text: that

text: swept

text: through

text: Protestant

text: Europe

text: and

text: British

text: America

text: especially

text: the

text: American

text: colonies

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: leaving

text: a

text: permanent

text: impact

text: on

text: American

text: Protestantism

text: It

text: resulted

text: from

text: powerful

text: preaching

text: that

text: gave

text: listeners

text: a

text: sense

text: of

text: deep

text: personal

text: revelation

text: of

text: their

text: need

text: of

text: salvation

text: by

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: Pulling

text: away

text: from

text: ritual

text: ceremony

text: sacramentalism

text: and

text: hierarchy

text: it

text: made

text: Christianity

text: intensely

text: personal

text: to

text: the

text: average

text: person

text: by

text: fostering

text: a

text: deep

text: sense

text: of

text: spiritual

text: conviction

text: and

text: redemption

text: and

text: by

text: encouraging

text: introspection

text: and

text: a

text: commitment

text: to

text: a

text: new

text: standard

text: of

text: personal

text: morality

question: What movement occurred during the 1730's and 1740's?

answer: The First Great Awakening

text: The First Great Awakening

question: What movement made a permanent mark on Protestantism in the U.S.?

answer: The First Great Awakening

text: The First Great Awakening


text: Detroit is home to several institutions of higher learning including Wayne State University, a national research university with medical and law schools in the Midtown area offering hundreds of academic degrees and programs. The University of Detroit Mercy, located in Northwest Detroit in the University District, is a prominent Roman Catholic co-educational university affiliated with the Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) and the Sisters of Mercy. The University of Detroit Mercy offers more than a hundred academic degrees and programs of study including business, dentistry, law, engineering, architecture, nursing and allied health professions. The University of Detroit Mercy School of Law is located Downtown across from the Renaissance Center.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: Detroit

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: several

text: institutions

text: of

text: higher

text: learning

text: including

text: Wayne

text: State

text: University

text: a

text: national

text: research

text: university

text: with

text: medical

text: and

text: law

text: schools

text: in

text: the

text: Midtown

text: area

text: offering

text: hundreds

text: of

text: academic

text: degrees

text: and

text: programs

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Detroit

text: Mercy

text: located

text: in

text: Northwest

text: Detroit

text: in

text: the

text: University

text: District

text: is

text: a

text: prominent

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: co

text: educational

text: university

text: affiliated

text: with

text: the

text: Society

text: of

text: Jesus

text: the

text: Jesuits

text: and

text: the

text: Sisters

text: of

text: Mercy

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Detroit

text: Mercy

text: offers

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: hundred

text: academic

text: degrees

text: and

text: programs

text: of

text: study

text: including

text: business

text: dentistry

text: law

text: engineering

text: architecture

text: nursing

text: and

text: allied

text: health

text: professions

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Detroit

text: Mercy

text: School

text: of

text: Law

text: is

text: located

text: Downtown

text: across

text: from

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: Center

question: What research university is located in Midtown?

answer: Wayne State University

text: Wayne State University

question: What Catholic university is in Detroit?

answer: University of Detroit Mercy

text: University of Detroit Mercy

question: In which district is Detroit Mercy's Law School located?

answer: Downtown

text: Downtown

question: Which Catholic society is Detroit Mercy affiliated with?

answer: Society of Jesus

text: Society of Jesus


text: The works of Virgil almost from the moment of their publication revolutionized Latin poetry. The Eclogues, Georgics, and above all the Aeneid became standard texts in school curricula with which all educated Romans were familiar. Poets following Virgil often refer intertextually to his works to generate meaning in their own poetry. The Augustan poet Ovid parodies the opening lines of the Aeneid in Amores 1.1.1–2, and his summary of the Aeneas story in Book 14 of the Metamorphoses, the so-called "mini-Aeneid", has been viewed as a particularly important example of post-Virgilian response to the epic genre. Lucan's epic, the Bellum Civile has been considered an anti-Virgilian epic, disposing with the divine mechanism, treating historical events, and diverging drastically from Virgilian epic practice. The Flavian poet Statius in his 12-book epic Thebaid engages closely with the poetry of Virgil; in his epilogue he advises his poem not to "rival the divine Aeneid, but follow afar and ever venerate its footsteps." In Silius Italicus, Virgil finds one of his most ardent admirers. With almost every line of his epic Punica Silius references Virgil. Indeed, Silius is known to have bought Virgil's tomb and worshipped the poet. Partially as a result of his so-called "Messianic" Fourth Eclogue—widely interpreted later to have predicted the birth of Jesus Christ—Virgil was in later antiquity imputed to have the magical abilities of a seer; the Sortes Vergilianae, the process of using Virgil's poetry as a tool of divination, is found in the time of Hadrian, and continued into the Middle Ages. In a similar vein Macrobius in the Saturnalia credits the work of Virgil as the embodiment of human knowledge and experience, mirroring the Greek conception of Homer. Virgil also found commentators in antiquity. Servius, a commentator of the 4th century AD, based his work on the commentary of Donatus. Servius' commentary provides us with a great deal of information about Virgil's life, sources, and references; however, many modern scholars find the variable quality of his work and the often simplistic interpretations frustrating.

title: Virgil

title: Virgil

text: The

text: works

text: of

text: Virgil

text: almost

text: from

text: the

text: moment

text: of

text: their

text: publication

text: revolutionized

text: Latin

text: poetry

text: The

text: Eclogues

text: Georgics

text: and

text: above

text: all

text: the

text: Aeneid

text: became

text: standard

text: texts

text: in

text: school

text: curricula

text: with

text: which

text: all

text: educated

text: Romans

text: were

text: familiar

text: Poets

text: following

text: Virgil

text: often

text: refer

text: intertextually

text: to

text: his

text: works

text: to

text: generate

text: meaning

text: in

text: their

text: own

text: poetry

text: The

text: Augustan

text: poet

text: Ovid

text: parodies

text: the

text: opening

text: lines

text: of

text: the

text: Aeneid

text: in

text: Amores

text: and

text: his

text: summary

text: of

text: the

text: Aeneas

text: story

text: in

text: Book

text: of

text: the

text: Metamorphoses

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: mini

text: Aeneid

text: has

text: been

text: viewed

text: as

text: a

text: particularly

text: important

text: example

text: of

text: post

text: Virgilian

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: epic

text: genre

text: Lucan

text: 's

text: epic

text: the

text: Bellum

text: Civile

text: has

text: been

text: considered

text: an

text: anti

text: Virgilian

text: epic

text: disposing

text: with

text: the

text: divine

text: mechanism

text: treating

text: historical

text: events

text: and

text: diverging

text: drastically

text: from

text: Virgilian

text: epic

text: practice

text: The

text: Flavian

text: poet

text: Statius

text: in

text: his

text: epic

text: Thebaid

text: engages

text: closely

text: with

text: the

text: poetry

text: of

text: Virgil

text: in

text: his

text: epilogue

text: he

text: advises

text: his

text: poem

text: not

text: to

text: rival

text: the

text: divine

text: Aeneid

text: but

text: follow

text: afar

text: and

text: ever

text: venerate

text: its

text: footsteps

text: In

text: Silius

text: Italicus

text: Virgil

text: finds

text: one

text: of

text: his

text: most

text: ardent

text: admirers

text: With

text: almost

text: every

text: line

text: of

text: his

text: epic

text: Punica

text: Silius

text: references

text: Virgil

text: Indeed

text: Silius

text: is

text: known

text: to

text: have

text: bought

text: Virgil

text: 's

text: tomb

text: and

text: worshipped

text: the

text: poet

text: Partially

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: his

text: so

text: called

text: Messianic

text: Fourth

text: Eclogue

text: widely

text: interpreted

text: later

text: to

text: have

text: predicted

text: the

text: birth

text: of

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: Virgil

text: was

text: in

text: later

text: antiquity

text: imputed

text: to

text: have

text: the

text: magical

text: abilities

text: of

text: a

text: seer

text: the

text: Sortes

text: Vergilianae

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: using

text: Virgil

text: 's

text: poetry

text: as

text: a

text: tool

text: of

text: divination

text: is

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: Hadrian

text: and

text: continued

text: into

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: In

text: a

text: similar

text: vein

text: Macrobius

text: in

text: the

text: Saturnalia

text: credits

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Virgil

text: as

text: the

text: embodiment

text: of

text: human

text: knowledge

text: and

text: experience

text: mirroring

text: the

text: Greek

text: conception

text: of

text: Homer

text: Virgil

text: also

text: found

text: commentators

text: in

text: antiquity

text: Servius

text: a

text: commentator

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: based

text: his

text: work

text: on

text: the

text: commentary

text: of

text: Donatus

text: Servius

text: commentary

text: provides

text: us

text: with

text: a

text: great

text: deal

text: of

text: information

text: about

text: Virgil

text: 's

text: life

text: sources

text: and

text: references

text: however

text: many

text: modern

text: scholars

text: find

text: the

text: variable

text: quality

text: of

text: his

text: work

text: and

text: the

text: often

text: simplistic

text: interpretations

text: frustrating

question: Who was one of Virgil's most ardent admirers who referenced Virgil in almost every line of his epic?

answer: Silius Italicus

text: Silius Italicus

question: .What was the title of Silius Italicus' epic in which Virgil was referenced in almost every line?

answer: Punica

text: Punica

question: Who bought Virgil's tomb?

answer: Silius

text: Silius

question: Which of Virgil's works was later widely interpreted to have predicted the birth of Jesus Christ?

answer: Fourth Eclogue

text: Fourth Eclogue

question: Which of Virgil's works was the least famous?

text: The Eclogues

question: Who was the first poet to reference Virgil in his work?

text: Ovid

question: What era did Statius live in?

text: the Middle Ages

question: Who did Silius Italicus buy Virgil's tomb from?

text: Lucan

question: When was the 12 book epic Thebaid written?

text: the 4th century AD


text: Evolutionary ideas, although not natural selection, were accepted by German biologists accustomed to ideas of homology in morphology from Goethe's Metamorphosis of Plants and from their long tradition of comparative anatomy. Bronn's alterations in his German translation added to the misgivings of conservatives, but enthused political radicals. Ernst Haeckel was particularly ardent, aiming to synthesise Darwin's ideas with those of Lamarck and Goethe while still reflecting the spirit of Naturphilosophie. Their ambitious programme to reconstruct the evolutionary history of life was joined by Huxley and supported by discoveries in palaeontology. Haeckel used embryology extensively in his recapitulation theory, which embodied a progressive, almost linear model of evolution. Darwin was cautious about such histories, and had already noted that von Baer's laws of embryology supported his idea of complex branching.

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

text: Evolutionary

text: ideas

text: although

text: not

text: natural

text: selection

text: were

text: accepted

text: by

text: German

text: biologists

text: accustomed

text: to

text: ideas

text: of

text: homology

text: in

text: morphology

text: from

text: Goethe

text: 's

text: Metamorphosis

text: of

text: Plants

text: and

text: from

text: their

text: long

text: tradition

text: of

text: comparative

text: anatomy

text: Bronn

text: 's

text: alterations

text: in

text: his

text: German

text: translation

text: added

text: to

text: the

text: misgivings

text: of

text: conservatives

text: but

text: enthused

text: political

text: radicals

text: Ernst

text: Haeckel

text: was

text: particularly

text: ardent

text: aiming

text: to

text: synthesise

text: Darwin

text: 's

text: ideas

text: with

text: those

text: of

text: Lamarck

text: and

text: Goethe

text: while

text: still

text: reflecting

text: the

text: spirit

text: of

text: Naturphilosophie

text: Their

text: ambitious

text: programme

text: to

text: reconstruct

text: the

text: evolutionary

text: history

text: of

text: life

text: was

text: joined

text: by

text: Huxley

text: and

text: supported

text: by

text: discoveries

text: in

text: palaeontology

text: Haeckel

text: used

text: embryology

text: extensively

text: in

text: his

text: recapitulation

text: theory

text: which

text: embodied

text: a

text: progressive

text: almost

text: linear

text: model

text: of

text: evolution

text: Darwin

text: was

text: cautious

text: about

text: such

text: histories

text: and

text: had

text: already

text: noted

text: that

text: von

text: Baer

text: 's

text: laws

text: of

text: embryology

text: supported

text: his

text: idea

text: of

text: complex

text: branching

question: While evolutionary ideas were accepted by German biologists, what was not?

answer: natural selection

text: natural selection

question: What led to more misgivings of conservative scientists when Bronn's German translation of On the Origin of Species was published?

answer: Bronn's alterations in his German translation added to the misgivings of conservatives

text: Bronn's alterations in his German translation added to the misgivings of conservatives

question: Which group of people was excited by the German translation of On the Origin of Species?

answer: political radicals

text: political radicals

question: Why were political radicals such as Ernst Haekel so interested in On the Origin of Species?

answer: aiming to synthesise Darwin's ideas with those of Lamarck and Goethe while still reflecting the spirit of Naturphilosophie

text: aiming to synthesise Darwin's ideas with those of Lamarck and Goethe while still reflecting the spirit of Naturphilosophie


text: In 1775, Patrick Henry delivered his famous "Give me Liberty or Give me Death" speech in St. John's Church in Richmond, crucial for deciding Virginia's participation in the First Continental Congress and setting the course for revolution and independence. On April 18, 1780, the state capital was moved from the colonial capital of Williamsburg to Richmond, to provide a more centralized location for Virginia's increasing westerly population, as well as to isolate the capital from British attack. The latter motive proved to be in vain, and in 1781, under the command of Benedict Arnold, Richmond was burned by British troops, causing Governor Thomas Jefferson to flee as the Virginia militia, led by Sampson Mathews, defended the city.

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: In

text: Patrick

text: Henry

text: delivered

text: his

text: famous

text: Give

text: me

text: Liberty

text: or

text: Give

text: me

text: Death

text: speech

text: in

text: St.

text: John

text: 's

text: Church

text: in

text: Richmond

text: crucial

text: for

text: deciding

text: Virginia

text: 's

text: participation

text: in

text: the

text: First

text: Continental

text: Congress

text: and

text: setting

text: the

text: course

text: for

text: revolution

text: and

text: independence

text: On

text: April

text: the

text: state

text: capital

text: was

text: moved

text: from

text: the

text: colonial

text: capital

text: of

text: Williamsburg

text: to

text: Richmond

text: to

text: provide

text: a

text: more

text: centralized

text: location

text: for

text: Virginia

text: 's

text: increasing

text: westerly

text: population

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: to

text: isolate

text: the

text: capital

text: from

text: British

text: attack

text: The

text: latter

text: motive

text: proved

text: to

text: be

text: in

text: vain

text: and

text: in

text: under

text: the

text: command

text: of

text: Benedict

text: Arnold

text: Richmond

text: was

text: burned

text: by

text: British

text: troops

text: causing

text: Governor

text: Thomas

text: Jefferson

text: to

text: flee

text: as

text: the

text: Virginia

text: militia

text: led

text: by

text: Sampson

text: Mathews

text: defended

text: the

text: city

question: What did Patrick Henry's famous speech persuade Virginians to send delegates to?

answer: First Continental Congress

text: First Continental Congress

question: What was the capital of Virginia prior to Richmond?

answer: Williamsburg

text: Williamsburg

question: What general led the troops that burned Richmond?

answer: Benedict Arnold

text: Benedict Arnold

question: Who led the militia that defended Richmond?

answer: Sampson Mathews

text: Sampson Mathews

question: Who was the governor of Virginia in 1781?

answer: Thomas Jefferson

text: Thomas Jefferson


text: Juan Atkins, an originator of Detroit techno music, claims the term "house" reflected the exclusive association of particular tracks with particular clubs and DJs; those records helped differentiate the clubs and DJs, and thus were considered to be their "house" records. In an effort to maintain such exclusives, the DJs were inspired to create their own "house" records.

title: House_music

title: House_music

text: Juan

text: Atkins

text: an

text: originator

text: of

text: Detroit

text: techno

text: music

text: claims

text: the

text: term

text: house

text: reflected

text: the

text: exclusive

text: association

text: of

text: particular

text: tracks

text: with

text: particular

text: clubs

text: and

text: DJs

text: those

text: records

text: helped

text: differentiate

text: the

text: clubs

text: and

text: DJs

text: and

text: thus

text: were

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: their

text: house

text: records

text: In

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: maintain

text: such

text: exclusives

text: the

text: DJs

text: were

text: inspired

text: to

text: create

text: their

text: own

text: house

text: records

question: What is Juan Atkins an originator of?

answer: Detroit techno music

text: Detroit techno music

question: What did Atkins claim the term house reflected?

answer: the exclusive association of particular tracks with particular clubs and DJs

text: the exclusive association of particular tracks with particular clubs and DJs

question: Why were DJs inspired to create their own house records?

answer: differentiate the clubs and DJs

text: differentiate the clubs and DJs

question: What is Juan House an originator of?

text: Detroit techno music

question: What did House claim the term house Atkins reflected?

question: Why were DJs inspired to create their own Atkins records?

text: differentiate the clubs and DJs

question: Who was the originator of DJ music?

text: Juan Atkins

question: What was Juan Atkins inspired to create?

text: "house" records


text: Early history of Shaivism is difficult to determine. However, the Śvetāśvatara Upanishad (400 – 200 BCE) is considered to be the earliest textual exposition of a systematic philosophy of Shaivism. Shaivism is represented by various philosophical schools, including non-dualist (abheda), dualist (bheda), and non-dualist-with-dualist (bhedābheda) perspectives. Vidyaranya in his works mentions three major schools of Shaiva thought— Pashupata Shaivism, Shaiva Siddhanta and Pratyabhijña (Kashmir Shaivism).

title: Hindu_philosophy

title: Hindu_philosophy

text: Early

text: history

text: of

text: Shaivism

text: is

text: difficult

text: to

text: determine

text: However

text: the

text: Śvetāśvatara

text: Upanishad

text: BCE

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: earliest

text: textual

text: exposition

text: of

text: a

text: systematic

text: philosophy

text: of

text: Shaivism

text: Shaivism

text: is

text: represented

text: by

text: various

text: philosophical

text: schools

text: including

text: non

text: dualist

text: abheda

text: dualist

text: bheda

text: and

text: non

text: dualist

text: with

text: dualist

text: bhedābheda

text: perspectives

text: Vidyaranya

text: in

text: his

text: works

text: mentions

text: three

text: major

text: schools

text: of

text: Shaiva

text: thought—

text: Pashupata

text: Shaivism

text: Shaiva

text: Siddhanta

text: and

text: Pratyabhijña

text: Kashmir

text: Shaivism

question: In what text is Shaivism recounted?

answer: Śvetāśvatara Upanishad

text: Śvetāśvatara Upanishad

question: When was the text on Shaivism written?

answer: 400 – 200 BCE

text: 400 – 200 BCE

question: Who reported the major schools of Shaivism?

answer: Vidyaranya

text: Vidyaranya

question: How many major schools of Shaivism did Vidyaranya mention?

answer: three

text: three

question: What is the Kashmir Shaivism mentioned by Vidyaranya?

answer: Pratyabhijña

text: Pratyabhijña

question: What is easy to determine of Shaivism?

text: Early history

question: When did Shaivism first begin?

text: 400 – 200 BCE

question: Who created Shaivism?

text: Vidyaranya

question: What philosophical school is Shaivism not represented by?

text: abheda

question: Who wrote the Svetasvatara Upanishad?

text: Vidyaranya


text: The list of nutrients that people are known to require is, in the words of Marion Nestle, "almost certainly incomplete". As of 2014, nutrients are thought to be of two types: macro-nutrients which are needed in relatively large amounts, and micronutrients which are needed in smaller quantities. A type of carbohydrate, dietary fiber, i.e. non-digestible material such as cellulose, is required, for both mechanical and biochemical reasons, although the exact reasons remain unclear. Other micronutrients include antioxidants and phytochemicals, which are said to influence (or protect) some body systems. Their necessity is not as well established as in the case of, for instance, vitamins.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: The

text: list

text: of

text: nutrients

text: that

text: people

text: are

text: known

text: to

text: require

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: words

text: of

text: Marion

text: Nestle

text: almost

text: certainly

text: incomplete

text: As

text: of

text: nutrients

text: are

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: of

text: two

text: types

text: macro

text: nutrients

text: which

text: are

text: needed

text: in

text: relatively

text: large

text: amounts

text: and

text: micronutrients

text: which

text: are

text: needed

text: in

text: smaller

text: quantities

text: A

text: type

text: of

text: carbohydrate

text: dietary

text: fiber

text: i.e.

text: non

text: digestible

text: material

text: such

text: as

text: cellulose

text: is

text: required

text: for

text: both

text: mechanical

text: and

text: biochemical

text: reasons

text: although

text: the

text: exact

text: reasons

text: remain

text: unclear

text: Other

text: micronutrients

text: include

text: antioxidants

text: and

text: phytochemicals

text: which

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: influence

text: or

text: protect

text: some

text: body

text: systems

text: Their

text: necessity

text: is

text: not

text: as

text: well

text: established

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: for

text: instance

text: vitamins

question: Who claims that the list of nutrients that humans require is incomplete?

answer: Marion Nestle

text: Marion Nestle

question: What is the other category of nutrients that people require other than micronutrients?

answer: macro-nutrients

text: macro-nutrients

question: What is notable about cellulose in humans?

answer: non-digestible

text: non-digestible

question: What else, other than antioxidants, helps protect body systems?

answer: phytochemicals

text: phytochemicals

question: In which year were nutrients categorized into their two respective categories?

answer: 2014


text: Some scholars note that Tibetan leaders during the Ming frequently engaged in civil war and conducted their own foreign diplomacy with neighboring states such as Nepal. Some scholars underscore the commercial aspect of the Ming-Tibetan relationship, noting the Ming dynasty's shortage of horses for warfare and thus the importance of the horse trade with Tibet. Others argue that the significant religious nature of the relationship of the Ming court with Tibetan lamas is underrepresented in modern scholarship. In hopes of reviving the unique relationship of the earlier Mongol leader Kublai Khan (r. 1260–1294) and his spiritual superior Drogön Chögyal Phagpa (1235–1280) of the Sakya school of Tibetan Buddhism, the Yongle Emperor (r. 1402–1424) made a concerted effort to build a secular and religious alliance with Deshin Shekpa (1384–1415), the Karmapa of the Karma Kagyu school. However, the Yongle Emperor's attempts were unsuccessful.

title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

title: Sino

text: Some

text: scholars

text: note

text: that

text: Tibetan

text: leaders

text: during

text: the

text: Ming

text: frequently

text: engaged

text: in

text: civil

text: war

text: and

text: conducted

text: their

text: own

text: foreign

text: diplomacy

text: with

text: neighboring

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: Nepal

text: Some

text: scholars

text: underscore

text: the

text: commercial

text: aspect

text: of

text: the

text: Ming

text: Tibetan

text: relationship

text: noting

text: the

text: Ming

text: dynasty

text: 's

text: shortage

text: of

text: horses

text: for

text: warfare

text: and

text: thus

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: the

text: horse

text: trade

text: with

text: Tibet

text: Others

text: argue

text: that

text: the

text: significant

text: religious

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: relationship

text: of

text: the

text: Ming

text: court

text: with

text: Tibetan

text: lamas

text: is

text: underrepresented

text: in

text: modern

text: scholarship

text: In

text: hopes

text: of

text: reviving

text: the

text: unique

text: relationship

text: of

text: the

text: earlier

text: Mongol

text: leader

text: Kublai

text: Khan

text: r.

text: and

text: his

text: spiritual

text: superior

text: Drogön

text: Chögyal

text: Phagpa

text: of

text: the

text: Sakya

text: school

text: of

text: Tibetan

text: Buddhism

text: the

text: Yongle

text: Emperor

text: r.

text: made

text: a

text: concerted

text: effort

text: to

text: build

text: a

text: secular

text: and

text: religious

text: alliance

text: with

text: Deshin

text: Shekpa

text: the

text: Karmapa

text: of

text: the

text: Karma

text: Kagyu

text: school

text: However

text: the

text: Yongle

text: Emperor

text: 's

text: attempts

text: were

text: unsuccessful

question: What important trade did the Ming Dynasty have with Tibet?

answer: horse trade

text: horse trade

question: During what years did the Mongol leader Kublai Khan rule?

answer: 1402–1424

question: Who did the Yongle Emperor try to build a religious alliance with?

answer: Deshin Shekpa

text: Deshin Shekpa

question: Deshin Shekpa was the head of what school?

answer: the Karma Kagyu school

text: the Karma Kagyu school

question: The Tibetan leaders had a diplomacy with what neighboring state?

answer: Nepal

text: Nepal


text: In the spring of 1854 the Russians again advanced, crossing the Danube River into the Turkish province of Dobruja. By April 1854, the Russians had reached the lines of Trajan's Wall where they were finally halted. In the center, the Russian forces crossed the Danube and laid siege to Silistra from 14 April with 60,000 troops, the defenders with 15,000 had supplies for three months.:415 The siege was lifted on 23 June 1854. The English and French forces at this time were unable to take the field for lack of equipment.:415

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: In

text: the

text: spring

text: of

text: the

text: Russians

text: again

text: advanced

text: crossing

text: the

text: Danube

text: River

text: into

text: the

text: Turkish

text: province

text: of

text: Dobruja

text: By

text: April

text: the

text: Russians

text: had

text: reached

text: the

text: lines

text: of

text: Trajan

text: 's

text: Wall

text: where

text: they

text: were

text: finally

text: halted

text: In

text: the

text: center

text: the

text: Russian

text: forces

text: crossed

text: the

text: Danube

text: and

text: laid

text: siege

text: to

text: Silistra

text: from

text: April

text: with

text: troops

text: the

text: defenders

text: with

text: had

text: supplies

text: for

text: three

text: The

text: siege

text: was

text: lifted

text: on

text: June

text: The

text: English

text: and

text: French

text: forces

text: at

text: this

text: time

text: were

text: unable

text: to

text: take

text: the

text: field

text: for

text: lack

text: of

question: Who advanced on Dobruja in the spring of 1854?

answer: the Russians

text: the Russians

question: What river did the Russians cross to get to Dobruja?

answer: Danube River

text: Danube River

question: How man troops did the Russians have when they attacked Silistra ?

answer: 60,000 troops

text: 60,000 troops

question: When did the siege of Silistra end?

answer: 23 June 1854

text: 23 June 1854

question: Why couldn't the French and English take control of the field?

answer: lack of equipment

text: lack of equipment


text: Raymond B. Bragg, the associate editor of The New Humanist, sought to consolidate the input of Leon Milton Birkhead, Charles Francis Potter, and several members of the Western Unitarian Conference. Bragg asked Roy Wood Sellars to draft a document based on this information which resulted in the publication of the Humanist Manifesto in 1933. Potter's book and the Manifesto became the cornerstones of modern humanism, the latter declaring a new religion by saying, "any religion that can hope to be a synthesising and dynamic force for today must be shaped for the needs of this age. To establish such a religion is a major necessity of the present." It then presented 15 theses of humanism as foundational principles for this new religion.

title: Humanism

title: Humanism

text: Raymond

text: B.

text: Bragg

text: the

text: associate

text: editor

text: of

text: The

text: New

text: Humanist

text: sought

text: to

text: consolidate

text: the

text: input

text: of

text: Leon

text: Milton

text: Birkhead

text: Charles

text: Francis

text: Potter

text: and

text: several

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Western

text: Unitarian

text: Conference

text: Bragg

text: asked

text: Roy

text: Wood

text: Sellars

text: to

text: draft

text: a

text: document

text: based

text: on

text: this

text: information

text: which

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: publication

text: of

text: the

text: Humanist

text: Manifesto

text: in

text: Potter

text: 's

text: book

text: and

text: the

text: Manifesto

text: became

text: the

text: cornerstones

text: of

text: modern

text: humanism

text: the

text: latter

text: declaring

text: a

text: new

text: religion

text: by

text: saying

text: any

text: religion

text: that

text: can

text: hope

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: synthesising

text: and

text: dynamic

text: force

text: for

text: today

text: must

text: be

text: shaped

text: for

text: the

text: needs

text: of

text: this

text: age

text: To

text: establish

text: such

text: a

text: religion

text: is

text: a

text: major

text: necessity

text: of

text: the

text: present

text: It

text: then

text: presented

text: theses

text: of

text: humanism

text: as

text: foundational

text: principles

text: for

text: this

text: new

text: religion

question: Who became responsible in part for the editing of The New Humanist?

answer: Raymond B. Bragg,

text: Raymond B. Bragg,

question: What groups thoughts did he seek to include?

answer: Western Unitarian Conference

text: Western Unitarian Conference

question: What was the name of the material that was produced from this groups and the opinions of others?

answer: Humanist Manifesto

text: Humanist Manifesto

question: How many cornerstones of this new way of thinking or religion were presented>

answer: 15

question: Who became responsible for the stealing of The New Humanist?

text: Raymond B. Bragg

question: What groups thoughts did he seek to exclude?

text: Western Unitarian Conference

question: What was the name of the material that was destroyed by this group and the opinions of others?

text: Humanist Manifesto

question: What year was the Humanist Manifesto lost forever?


text: Kathmandu valley is described as "an enormous treasure house of art and sculptures", which are made of wood, stone, metal, and terracotta, and found in profusion in temples, shrines, stupas, gompas, chaityasm and palaces. The art objects are also seen in street corners, lanes, private courtyards and in open ground. Most art is in the form of icons of gods and goddesses. Kathmandu valley has had this art treasure for a very long time, but received worldwide recognition only after the country opened to the outside world in 1950.

title: Kathmandu

title: Kathmandu

text: Kathmandu

text: valley

text: is

text: described

text: as

text: an

text: enormous

text: treasure

text: house

text: of

text: art

text: and

text: sculptures

text: which

text: are

text: made

text: of

text: wood

text: stone

text: metal

text: and

text: terracotta

text: and

text: found

text: in

text: profusion

text: in

text: temples

text: shrines

text: stupas

text: gompas

text: chaityasm

text: and

text: palaces

text: The

text: art

text: objects

text: are

text: also

text: seen

text: in

text: street

text: corners

text: lanes

text: private

text: courtyards

text: and

text: in

text: open

text: ground

text: Most

text: art

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: icons

text: of

text: gods

text: and

text: goddesses

text: Kathmandu

text: valley

text: has

text: had

text: this

text: art

text: treasure

text: for

text: a

text: very

text: long

text: time

text: but

text: received

text: worldwide

text: recognition

text: only

text: after

text: the

text: country

text: opened

text: to

text: the

text: outside

text: world

text: in

question: Kathmandu valley contains art made of metal, terracotta, wood and what other substance?

answer: stone

text: stone

question: What is the most typical type of art in the Kathmandu valley?

answer: icons

text: icons

question: In what year could Nepal be said to have been discovered by the outside world?

answer: 1950