text: Critics of the Aeneid focus on a variety of issues. The tone of the poem as a whole is a particular matter of debate; some see the poem as ultimately pessimistic and politically subversive to the Augustan regime, while others view it as a celebration of the new imperial dynasty. Virgil makes use of the symbolism of the Augustan regime, and some scholars see strong associations between Augustus and Aeneas, the one as founder and the other as re-founder of Rome. A strong teleology, or drive towards a climax, has been detected in the poem. The Aeneid is full of prophecies about the future of Rome, the deeds of Augustus, his ancestors, and famous Romans, and the Carthaginian Wars; the shield of Aeneas even depicts Augustus' victory at Actium against Mark Antony and Cleopatra VII in 31 BC. A further focus of study is the character of Aeneas. As the protagonist of the poem, Aeneas seems to waver constantly between his emotions and commitment to his prophetic duty to found Rome; critics note the breakdown of Aeneas' emotional control in the last sections of the poem where the "pious" and "righteous" Aeneas mercilessly slaughters Turnus.

title: Virgil

title: Virgil

text: Critics

text: of

text: the

text: Aeneid

text: focus

text: on

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: issues

text: The

text: tone

text: of

text: the

text: poem

text: as

text: a

text: whole

text: is

text: a

text: particular

text: matter

text: of

text: debate

text: some

text: see

text: the

text: poem

text: as

text: ultimately

text: pessimistic

text: and

text: politically

text: subversive

text: to

text: the

text: Augustan

text: regime

text: while

text: others

text: view

text: it

text: as

text: a

text: celebration

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: imperial

text: dynasty

text: Virgil

text: makes

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: symbolism

text: of

text: the

text: Augustan

text: regime

text: and

text: some

text: scholars

text: see

text: strong

text: associations

text: between

text: Augustus

text: and

text: Aeneas

text: the

text: one

text: as

text: founder

text: and

text: the

text: other

text: as

text: re

text: founder

text: of

text: Rome

text: A

text: strong

text: teleology

text: or

text: drive

text: towards

text: a

text: climax

text: has

text: been

text: detected

text: in

text: the

text: poem

text: The

text: Aeneid

text: is

text: full

text: of

text: prophecies

text: about

text: the

text: future

text: of

text: Rome

text: the

text: deeds

text: of

text: Augustus

text: his

text: ancestors

text: and

text: famous

text: Romans

text: and

text: the

text: Carthaginian

text: Wars

text: the

text: shield

text: of

text: Aeneas

text: even

text: depicts

text: Augustus

text: victory

text: at

text: Actium

text: against

text: Mark

text: Antony

text: and

text: Cleopatra

text: VII

text: in

text: BC

text: A

text: further

text: focus

text: of

text: study

text: is

text: the

text: character

text: of

text: Aeneas

text: As

text: the

text: protagonist

text: of

text: the

text: poem

text: Aeneas

text: seems

text: to

text: waver

text: constantly

text: between

text: his

text: emotions

text: and

text: commitment

text: to

text: his

text: prophetic

text: duty

text: to

text: found

text: Rome

text: critics

text: note

text: the

text: breakdown

text: of

text: Aeneas

text: emotional

text: control

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: sections

text: of

text: the

text: poem

text: where

text: the

text: pious

text: and

text: righteous

text: Aeneas

text: mercilessly

text: slaughters

text: Turnus

question: When did Augustus' victory at Actium against Mark Antony and Ceopatra VII occur?

answer: 31 BC

text: 31 BC

question: Who is the protagonist of the Aeneid?

answer: Aeneas

text: Aeneas

question: Who is mercilessly slaughtered by Aeneas?

answer: Turnus

text: Turnus

question: Who is the founder of Rome which some scholars see strong associations with Aeneas?

answer: Augustus

text: Augustus

question: When was the Aeneid published?

text: 31 BC

question: Where did Aeneas defeat Turnus?

text: Actium

question: Where did Augustus live?

text: Rome

question: How did Augustus fight at Actium?

text: mercilessly

question: What part of the Aeneid is the longest?

text: the last sections of the poem


text: Federalism in the United States is the evolving relationship between state governments and the federal government of the United States. American government has evolved from a system of dual federalism to one of associative federalism. In "Federalist No. 46," James Madison asserted that the states and national government "are in fact but different agents and trustees of the people, constituted with different powers." Alexander Hamilton, writing in "Federalist No. 28," suggested that both levels of government would exercise authority to the citizens' benefit: "If their [the peoples'] rights are invaded by either, they can make use of the other as the instrument of redress." (1)

title: Federalism

title: Federalism

text: Federalism

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: the

text: evolving

text: relationship

text: between

text: state

text: governments

text: and

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: American

text: government

text: has

text: evolved

text: from

text: a

text: system

text: of

text: dual

text: federalism

text: to

text: one

text: of

text: associative

text: federalism

text: In

text: Federalist

text: No

text: James

text: Madison

text: asserted

text: that

text: the

text: states

text: and

text: national

text: government

text: are

text: in

text: fact

text: but

text: different

text: agents

text: and

text: trustees

text: of

text: the

text: people

text: constituted

text: with

text: different

text: powers

text: Alexander

text: Hamilton

text: writing

text: in

text: Federalist

text: No

text: suggested

text: that

text: both

text: levels

text: of

text: government

text: would

text: exercise

text: authority

text: to

text: the

text: citizens

text: benefit

text: If

text: their

text: the

text: peoples

text: rights

text: are

text: invaded

text: by

text: either

text: they

text: can

text: make

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: other

text: as

text: the

text: instrument

text: of

text: redress

question: What is federalism in the United States?

answer: ederalism in the United States is the evolving relationship between state governments and the federal government of the United States

text: ederalism in the United States is the evolving relationship between state governments and the federal government of the United States

question: How has the American government evolved?

answer: American government has evolved from a system of dual federalism to one of associative federalism.

text: American government has evolved from a system of dual federalism to one of associative federalism.

question: What happened in Federalist No.46?

answer: James Madison asserted that the states and national government

text: James Madison asserted that the states and national government

question: What happened in Federalist No. 28

answer: "Federalist No. 28," suggested that both levels of government would exercise authority to the citizens' benefit

text: "Federalist No. 28," suggested that both levels of government would exercise authority to the citizens' benefit

question: What is federalism out the United States?

question: How has the American government devolved?

question: What happened in Federalist No.64?

question: What never happened in Federalist No.46?

question: What happened in Federalist No. 82


text: At the end of the Rigvedic period, the Aryan society began to expand from the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent, into the western Ganges plain. It became increasingly agricultural and was socially organised around the hierarchy of the four varnas, or social classes. This social structure was characterized both by syncretising with the native cultures of northern India, but also eventually by the excluding of indigenous peoples by labelling their occupations impure. During this period, many of the previous small tribal units and chiefdoms began to coalesce into monarchical, state-level polities.

title: History_of_India

title: History_of_India

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Rigvedic

text: period

text: the

text: Aryan

text: society

text: began

text: to

text: expand

text: from

text: the

text: northwestern

text: region

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: into

text: the

text: western

text: Ganges

text: plain

text: It

text: became

text: increasingly

text: agricultural

text: and

text: was

text: socially

text: organised

text: around

text: the

text: hierarchy

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: varnas

text: or

text: social

text: classes

text: This

text: social

text: structure

text: was

text: characterized

text: both

text: by

text: syncretising

text: with

text: the

text: native

text: cultures

text: of

text: northern

text: India

text: but

text: also

text: eventually

text: by

text: the

text: excluding

text: of

text: indigenous

text: peoples

text: by

text: labelling

text: their

text: occupations

text: impure

text: During

text: this

text: period

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: previous

text: small

text: tribal

text: units

text: and

text: chiefdoms

text: began

text: to

text: coalesce

text: into

text: monarchical

text: state

text: level

text: polities

question: When did the Aryan culture begin its expansion?

answer: Rigvedic period

text: Rigvedic period

question: Into what area did the Aryan culture expand?

answer: western Ganges plain

text: western Ganges plain

question: What were the Aryan social classes called?

answer: varnas

text: varnas

question: What did the Aryans label as impure in the indigenous peoples in order to exclude them from certain social classes?

answer: occupations

text: occupations

question: What groupings formed up into larger monarchical groups?

answer: small tribal units

text: small tribal units


text: Northwestern has roughly 225,000 alumni in all branches of business, government, law, science, education, medicine, media, and the performing arts. Among Northwestern's more notable alumni are U.S. Senator and presidential candidate George McGovern, Nobel Prize–winning economist George J. Stigler, Nobel Prize–winning novelist Saul Bellow, Pulitzer Prize–winning composer and diarist Ned Rorem, the much-decorated composer Howard Hanson, Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey Ali Babacan, the historian and novelist Wilma Dykeman, and the founder of the presidential prayer breakfast Abraham Vereide. U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice John Paul Stevens, Supreme Court Justice and Ambassador to the United Nations Arthur Joseph Goldberg, and Governor of Illinois and Democratic presidential candidate Adlai Stevenson are among the graduates of the Northwestern School of Law. Many Northwestern alumni play or have played important roles in Chicago and Illinois, such as former Illinois governor and convicted felon Rod Blagojevich, Chicago Bulls and Chicago White Sox owner Jerry Reinsdorf, and theater director Mary Zimmerman. Northwestern alumnus David J. Skorton currently serves as president of Cornell University. Rahm Emanuel, the mayor of Chicago and former White House Chief of Staff, earned a Masters in Speech and Communication in 1985.

title: Northwestern_University

title: Northwestern_University

text: Northwestern

text: has

text: roughly

text: alumni

text: in

text: all

text: branches

text: of

text: business

text: government

text: law

text: science

text: education

text: medicine

text: media

text: and

text: the

text: performing

text: arts

text: Among

text: Northwestern

text: 's

text: more

text: notable

text: alumni

text: are

text: U.S.

text: Senator

text: and

text: presidential

text: candidate

text: George

text: McGovern

text: Nobel

text: Prize

text: winning

text: economist

text: George

text: J.

text: Stigler

text: Nobel

text: Prize

text: winning

text: novelist

text: Saul

text: Bellow

text: Pulitzer

text: Prize

text: winning

text: composer

text: and

text: diarist

text: Ned

text: Rorem

text: the

text: much

text: decorated

text: composer

text: Howard

text: Hanson

text: Deputy

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: Turkey

text: Ali

text: Babacan

text: the

text: historian

text: and

text: novelist

text: Wilma

text: Dykeman

text: and

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: presidential

text: prayer

text: breakfast

text: Abraham

text: Vereide

text: U.S.

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: Associate

text: Justice

text: John

text: Paul

text: Stevens

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: Justice

text: and

text: Ambassador

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Arthur

text: Joseph

text: Goldberg

text: and

text: Governor

text: of

text: Illinois

text: and

text: Democratic

text: presidential

text: candidate

text: Adlai

text: Stevenson

text: are

text: among

text: the

text: graduates

text: of

text: the

text: Northwestern

text: School

text: of

text: Law

text: Many

text: Northwestern

text: alumni

text: play

text: or

text: have

text: played

text: important

text: roles

text: in

text: Chicago

text: and

text: Illinois

text: such

text: as

text: former

text: Illinois

text: governor

text: and

text: convicted

text: felon

text: Rod

text: Blagojevich

text: Chicago

text: Bulls

text: and

text: Chicago

text: White

text: Sox

text: owner

text: Jerry

text: Reinsdorf

text: and

text: theater

text: director

text: Mary

text: Zimmerman

text: Northwestern

text: alumnus

text: David

text: J.

text: Skorton

text: currently

text: serves

text: as

text: president

text: of

text: Cornell

text: University

text: Rahm

text: Emanuel

text: the

text: mayor

text: of

text: Chicago

text: and

text: former

text: White

text: House

text: Chief

text: of

text: Staff

text: earned

text: a

text: Masters

text: in

text: Speech

text: and

text: Communication

text: in

question: Which of Northwestern's alumni is notable for becoming a U.S. Senator and presidential candidate?

answer: George McGovern

text: George McGovern

question: Which of Northwestern's alumni is notable for becoming The Deputy Prime Minister of Turkey?

answer: Ali Babacan

text: Ali Babacan

question: Which of Northwestern's alumni is notable for being the founder of the presidential prayer breakfast?

answer: Abraham Vereide

text: Abraham Vereide

question: Which of Northwestern's alumni is notable for becoming the Governor of Illinois and a presidential candidate?

answer: Adlai Stevenson

text: Adlai Stevenson

question: Which of Northwestern's alumni is notable for becoming the Illinois Governor and convicted felon?

answer: Rod Blagojevich

text: Rod Blagojevich

question: Which of Southwestern's alumni is notable for becoming a U.S. Senator and presidential candidate?

text: George McGovern

question: Which of Northwestern's alumni is notable for becoming The Deputy Prime Minister of China?

text: Ali Babacan

question: hich of Southwestern's alumni is notable for being the founder of the presidential prayer breakfast?

text: Abraham Vereide

question: Which of Northwestern's alumni is notable for becoming the Governor of Chicago and a presidential candidate?

text: Adlai Stevenson

question: Which of Northwestern's alumni is notable for becoming the Texas Governor and convicted felon?

text: Rod Blagojevich


text: At the 2004 Summer Olympics, Bermuda competed in sailing, athletics, swimming, diving, triathlon and equestrian events. In those Olympics, Bermuda's Katura Horton-Perinchief made history by becoming the first black female diver to compete in the Olympic Games. Bermuda has had one Olympic medallist, Clarence Hill, who won a bronze medal in boxing. Bermuda also competed in Men's Skeleton at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy. Patrick Singleton placed 19th, with a final time of 1:59.81. Jillian Teceira competed in the Beijing Olympics in 2008. It is tradition for Bermuda to march in the Opening Ceremony in Bermuda shorts, regardless of the summer or winter Olympic celebration. Bermuda also competes in the biennial Island Games, which it hosted in 2013.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: At

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: Bermuda

text: competed

text: in

text: sailing

text: athletics

text: swimming

text: diving

text: triathlon

text: and

text: equestrian

text: events

text: In

text: those

text: Olympics

text: Bermuda

text: 's

text: Katura

text: Horton

text: Perinchief

text: made

text: history

text: by

text: becoming

text: the

text: first

text: black

text: female

text: diver

text: to

text: compete

text: in

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: Bermuda

text: has

text: had

text: one

text: Olympic

text: medallist

text: Clarence

text: Hill

text: who

text: won

text: a

text: bronze

text: medal

text: in

text: boxing

text: Bermuda

text: also

text: competed

text: in

text: Men

text: 's

text: Skeleton

text: at

text: the

text: Winter

text: Olympics

text: in

text: Turin

text: Italy

text: Patrick

text: Singleton

text: placed

text: with

text: a

text: final

text: time

text: of

text: Jillian

text: Teceira

text: competed

text: in

text: the

text: Beijing

text: Olympics

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: tradition

text: for

text: Bermuda

text: to

text: march

text: in

text: the

text: Opening

text: Ceremony

text: in

text: Bermuda

text: shorts

text: regardless

text: of

text: the

text: summer

text: or

text: winter

text: Olympic

text: celebration

text: Bermuda

text: also

text: competes

text: in

text: the

text: biennial

text: Island

text: Games

text: which

text: it

text: hosted

text: in

question: What events did Bermuda compete in at the 2004 Summer Olympics?

answer: sailing, athletics, swimming, diving, triathlon and equestrian events

text: sailing, athletics, swimming, diving, triathlon and equestrian events

question: What did Katura Horton-Perinchief do?

answer: made history by becoming the first black female diver to compete in the Olympic Games.

text: made history by becoming the first black female diver to compete in the Olympic Games.

question: What is the only medal Bermuda has ever won?

answer: bronze medal in boxing.

text: bronze medal in boxing.

question: What is the Olympic tradition for Bermuda, regardless of season?

answer: march in the Opening Ceremony in Bermuda shorts

text: march in the Opening Ceremony in Bermuda shorts

question: What events did Bermuda participate in during the 2004 winter olympics?

question: What did Katura Perinchief-Horton do?

question: What event did Bermuda participate in during the 2006 summer olympics?

text: Men's Skeleton

question: Who competed at the Beijing Olympics in 213?

text: Jillian Teceira

question: What games did Bermuda host in 2008?

text: biennial Island Games


text: One way to decrease stigma may be through the promotion of "TB clubs", where those infected may share experiences and offer support, or through counseling. Some studies have shown TB education programs to be effective in decreasing stigma, and may thus be effective in increasing treatment adherence. Despite this, studies on relationship between reduced stigma and mortality are lacking as of 2010, and similar efforts to decrease stigma surrounding AIDS have been minimally effective. Some have claimed the stigma to be worse than the disease, and healthcare providers may unintentionally reinforce stigma, as those with TB are often perceived as difficult or otherwise undesirable. A greater understanding of the social and cultural dimensions of tuberculosis may also help with stigma reduction.

title: Tuberculosis

title: Tuberculosis

text: One

text: way

text: to

text: decrease

text: stigma

text: may

text: be

text: through

text: the

text: promotion

text: of

text: TB

text: clubs

text: where

text: those

text: infected

text: may

text: share

text: experiences

text: and

text: offer

text: support

text: or

text: through

text: counseling

text: Some

text: studies

text: have

text: shown

text: TB

text: education

text: programs

text: to

text: be

text: effective

text: in

text: decreasing

text: stigma

text: and

text: may

text: thus

text: be

text: effective

text: in

text: increasing

text: treatment

text: adherence

text: Despite

text: this

text: studies

text: on

text: relationship

text: between

text: reduced

text: stigma

text: and

text: mortality

text: are

text: lacking

text: as

text: of

text: and

text: similar

text: efforts

text: to

text: decrease

text: stigma

text: surrounding

text: AIDS

text: have

text: been

text: minimally

text: effective

text: Some

text: have

text: claimed

text: the

text: stigma

text: to

text: be

text: worse

text: than

text: the

text: disease

text: and

text: healthcare

text: providers

text: may

text: unintentionally

text: reinforce

text: stigma

text: as

text: those

text: with

text: TB

text: are

text: often

text: perceived

text: as

text: difficult

text: or

text: otherwise

text: undesirable

text: A

text: greater

text: understanding

text: of

text: the

text: social

text: and

text: cultural

text: dimensions

text: of

text: tuberculosis

text: may

text: also

text: help

text: with

text: stigma

text: reduction

question: What groups might help tuberculosis patients share with and support each other?

answer: TB clubs

text: TB clubs

question: Education about TB seems to decrease the stigma of the disease and lead to what other positive effect?

answer: increasing treatment adherence

text: increasing treatment adherence

question: What do some people say is even worse than the effects of tuberculosis itself?

answer: the stigma

text: the stigma

question: What group of people can add to the TB stigma by treating patients as troublesome or unwanted?

answer: healthcare providers

text: healthcare providers

question: As recently as what year were there no studies on how TB mortality is connected to stigma?

answer: 2010

question: When did studies begin linking mortality to stigma?

question: What have studies claimed are worse than the stigma?

text: the disease

question: How are people with AIDS perceived?

text: difficult or otherwise undesirable

question: What will stigma reduction result in in regards to understanding?

text: the social and cultural dimensions

question: Who have been performing studies on the relationship between stigma and mortality?

text: TB clubs


text: A Macau resident was arrested on April 26 for posting a message on cyberctm.com encouraging people to disrupt the relay. Both orchidbbs.com and cyberctm.com Internet forums were shut down from May 2 to 4. This fueled speculation that the shutdowns were targeting speeches against the relay. The head of the Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation has denied that the shutdowns of the websites were politically motivated. About 2,200 police were deployed on the streets, there were no interruptions.

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

text: A

text: Macau

text: resident

text: was

text: arrested

text: on

text: April

text: for

text: posting

text: a

text: message

text: on

text: cyberctm.com

text: encouraging

text: people

text: to

text: disrupt

text: the

text: relay

text: Both

text: orchidbbs.com

text: and

text: cyberctm.com

text: Internet

text: forums

text: were

text: shut

text: down

text: from

text: May

text: to

text: This

text: fueled

text: speculation

text: that

text: the

text: shutdowns

text: were

text: targeting

text: speeches

text: against

text: the

text: relay

text: The

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: Bureau

text: of

text: Telecommunications

text: Regulation

text: has

text: denied

text: that

text: the

text: shutdowns

text: of

text: the

text: websites

text: were

text: politically

text: motivated

text: About

text: police

text: were

text: deployed

text: on

text: the

text: streets

text: there

text: were

text: no

text: interruptions

question: A Macau citizen was arrested for posting a plea to disrupt the relay on what website?

answer: cyberctm.com

text: cyberctm.com

question: In addition to cyberctm.com, what other website was shut down for two days?

answer: orchidbbs.com

text: orchidbbs.com

question: Who was arrested on April 26 for posting an online message?

answer: A Macau resident

text: A Macau resident

question: Where was the message posted?

answer: cyberctm.com

text: cyberctm.com

question: Who denied the shutdown was motivated by politics?

answer: The head of the Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation

text: The head of the Bureau of Telecommunications Regulation


text: Maharaja Ranjit Singh's death in the summer of 1839 brought political chaos and the subsequent battles of succession and the bloody infighting between the factions at court weakened the state. Relationships with neighbouring British territories then broke down, starting the First Anglo-Sikh War; this led to a British official being resident in Lahore and the annexation in 1849 of territory south of the Satluj to British India. After the Second Anglo-Sikh War in 1849, the Sikh Empire became the last territory to be merged into British India. In Jhelum 35 British soldiers of HM XXIV regiment were killed by the local resistance during the Indian Rebellion of 1857.[citation needed]

title: Punjab,_Pakistan

title: Punjab,_Pakistan

text: Maharaja

text: Ranjit

text: Singh

text: 's

text: death

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: of

text: brought

text: political

text: chaos

text: and

text: the

text: subsequent

text: battles

text: of

text: succession

text: and

text: the

text: bloody

text: infighting

text: between

text: the

text: factions

text: at

text: court

text: weakened

text: the

text: state

text: Relationships

text: with

text: neighbouring

text: British

text: territories

text: then

text: broke

text: down

text: starting

text: the

text: First

text: Anglo

text: Sikh

text: War

text: this

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: British

text: official

text: being

text: resident

text: in

text: Lahore

text: and

text: the

text: annexation

text: in

text: of

text: territory

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Satluj

text: to

text: British

text: India

text: After

text: the

text: Second

text: Anglo

text: Sikh

text: War

text: in

text: the

text: Sikh

text: Empire

text: became

text: the

text: last

text: territory

text: to

text: be

text: merged

text: into

text: British

text: India

text: In

text: Jhelum

text: British

text: soldiers

text: of

text: HM

text: XXIV

text: regiment

text: were

text: killed

text: by

text: the

text: local

text: resistance

text: during

text: the

text: Indian

text: Rebellion

text: of

text: needed

question: When did Ranjit Singh die?

answer: summer of 1839

text: summer of 1839

question: What did Ranjit Singh's death cause?

answer: political chaos

text: political chaos

question: When was part of Punjab annexed into British India?

answer: 1849

question: When was the Second Anglo-Sikh War?

answer: 1849

question: What was the last territory added to British India?

answer: the Sikh Empire

text: the Sikh Empire

question: When was Maharaja Ranjit Singh born?

question: When did the first Anglo-Sikh War end?

question: What was the name of the British official stationed in Lahore?

text: Maharaja Ranjit Singh

question: What was the name of the territory annexed in 1849?

text: Lahore

question: How many of the local resistance were killed in the 1857 rebellion?


text: Polyols, compounds containing more than one alcohol functional group, generally interact with cupric salts. For example, copper salts are used to test for reducing sugars. Specifically, using Benedict's reagent and Fehling's solution the presence of the sugar is signaled by a color change from blue Cu(II) to reddish copper(I) oxide. Schweizer's reagent and related complexes with ethylenediamine and other amines dissolve cellulose. Amino acids form very stable chelate complexes with copper(II). Many wet-chemical tests for copper ions exist, one involving potassium ferrocyanide, which gives a brown precipitate with copper(II) salts.

title: Copper

title: Copper

text: Polyols

text: compounds

text: containing

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: alcohol

text: functional

text: group

text: generally

text: interact

text: with

text: cupric

text: salts

text: For

text: example

text: copper

text: salts

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: test

text: for

text: reducing

text: sugars

text: Specifically

text: using

text: Benedict

text: 's

text: reagent

text: and

text: Fehling

text: 's

text: solution

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: the

text: sugar

text: is

text: signaled

text: by

text: a

text: color

text: change

text: from

text: blue

text: Cu(II

text: to

text: reddish

text: copper(I

text: oxide

text: Schweizer

text: 's

text: reagent

text: and

text: related

text: complexes

text: with

text: ethylenediamine

text: and

text: other

text: amines

text: dissolve

text: cellulose

text: Amino

text: acids

text: form

text: very

text: stable

text: chelate

text: complexes

text: with

text: copper(II

text: Many

text: wet

text: chemical

text: tests

text: for

text: copper

text: ions

text: exist

text: one

text: involving

text: potassium

text: ferrocyanide

text: which

text: gives

text: a

text: brown

text: precipitate

text: with

text: copper(II

text: salts

question: What is the name of the componds that has more than one alcohol functional group?

answer: Polyols

text: Polyols

question: What are copper salts used to test?

answer: reducing sugars

text: reducing sugars

question: How is the presence of sugar shown by using Benedict's reagent and Fehling's solution?

answer: color change

text: color change

question: What color does the copper salts turn to using Benedict's reagent and Fehling's solution if sugar is present?

answer: reddish

text: reddish

question: What does Schweizer's reagent dissolve?

answer: cellulose

text: cellulose

question: What is the name of the compounds that have no alcohol functional group?

text: Polyols

question: What are copper salts used to burn?

text: reducing sugars

question: How is the presence of sugar hidden by using Benedict's reagent and Fehling's solution?

text: color change

question: What color does the copper salts turn to using Benedict's reagent and Fehling's solution if dust is present?

text: reddish

question: What does Schweizer's reagent grow?

text: cellulose


text: During the 12th century, the institutions of central government, which had hitherto accompanied the royal English court as it moved around the country, grew in size and sophistication and became increasingly fixed in one place. In most cases this was Westminster, although the royal treasury, having been moved from Winchester, came to rest in the Tower. While the City of Westminster developed into a true capital in governmental terms, its distinct neighbour, the City of London, remained England's largest city and principal commercial centre, and it flourished under its own unique administration, the Corporation of London. In 1100, its population was around 18,000; by 1300 it had grown to nearly 100,000.

title: London

title: London

text: During

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: institutions

text: of

text: central

text: government

text: which

text: had

text: hitherto

text: accompanied

text: the

text: royal

text: English

text: court

text: as

text: it

text: moved

text: around

text: the

text: country

text: grew

text: in

text: size

text: and

text: sophistication

text: and

text: became

text: increasingly

text: fixed

text: in

text: one

text: place

text: In

text: most

text: cases

text: this

text: was

text: Westminster

text: although

text: the

text: royal

text: treasury

text: having

text: been

text: moved

text: from

text: Winchester

text: came

text: to

text: rest

text: in

text: the

text: Tower

text: While

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Westminster

text: developed

text: into

text: a

text: true

text: capital

text: in

text: governmental

text: terms

text: its

text: distinct

text: neighbour

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: remained

text: England

text: 's

text: largest

text: city

text: and

text: principal

text: commercial

text: centre

text: and

text: it

text: flourished

text: under

text: its

text: own

text: unique

text: administration

text: the

text: Corporation

text: of

text: London

text: In

text: its

text: population

text: was

text: around

text: by

text: it

text: had

text: grown

text: to

text: nearly

question: What was the administration which governed the City of London called?

answer: the Corporation of London

text: the Corporation of London

question: In the 12th century, where were the various bodies of English government centrally located for the most part?

answer: Westminster

text: Westminster

question: Where was the royal treasury housed?

answer: the Tower

text: the Tower

question: Before being centrally located, how was the English government handled in terms of location?

answer: accompanied the royal English court as it moved around the country

text: accompanied the royal English court as it moved around the country


text: In the French-speaking part of Switzerland exists also the term haute école specialisée for a type of institution called Fachhochschule in the German-speaking part of the country. (see below).

title: Institute_of_technology

title: Institute_of_technology

text: In

text: the

text: French

text: speaking

text: part

text: of

text: Switzerland

text: exists

text: also

text: the

text: term

text: haute

text: école

text: specialisée

text: for

text: a

text: type

text: of

text: institution

text: called

text: Fachhochschule

text: in

text: the

text: German

text: speaking

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: see

text: below

question: What's the term in German for what those in French-speaking Switzerland call haute école specialisée?

answer: Fachhochschule

text: Fachhochschule


text: Buddhism began to spread throughout Japan during the Heian period, primarily through two major esoteric sects, Tendai and Shingon. Tendai originated in China and is based on the Lotus Sutra, one of the most important sutras of Mahayana Buddhism; Saichō was key to its transmission to Japan. Shingon is the Japanese transmission of the Chinese Chen Yen school. Shingon, brought to Japan by the monk Kūkai, emphasizes Esoteric Buddhism. Both Kūkai and Saichō aimed to connect state and religion and establish support from the aristocracy, leading to the notion of 'aristocratic Buddhism'. An important element of Tendai doctrine was the suggestion that enlightenment was accessible to "every creature". Saichō also sought independent ordination for Tendai monks. A close relationship developed between the Tendai monastery complex on Mount Hiei and the imperial court in its new capital at the foot of the mountain. As a result, Tendai emphasized great reverence for the emperor and the nation. Kammu himself was a notable patron of the otherworldly Tendai sect, which rose to great power over the ensuing centuries. Kūkai greatly impressed the emperors who succeeded Emperor Kammu, and also generations of Japanese, not only with his holiness but also with his poetry, calligraphy, painting, and sculpture. Shingon, through its use of "rich symbols, rituals and mandalas" held a wide-ranging appeal.

title: Heian_period

title: Heian_period

text: Buddhism

text: began

text: to

text: spread

text: throughout

text: Japan

text: during

text: the

text: Heian

text: period

text: primarily

text: through

text: two

text: major

text: esoteric

text: sects

text: Tendai

text: and

text: Shingon

text: Tendai

text: originated

text: in

text: China

text: and

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: Lotus

text: Sutra

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: sutras

text: of

text: Mahayana

text: Buddhism

text: Saichō

text: was

text: key

text: to

text: its

text: transmission

text: to

text: Japan

text: Shingon

text: is

text: the

text: Japanese

text: transmission

text: of

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Chen

text: Yen

text: school

text: Shingon

text: brought

text: to

text: Japan

text: by

text: the

text: monk

text: Kūkai

text: emphasizes

text: Esoteric

text: Buddhism

text: Both

text: Kūkai

text: and

text: Saichō

text: aimed

text: to

text: connect

text: state

text: and

text: religion

text: and

text: establish

text: support

text: from

text: the

text: aristocracy

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: notion

text: of

text: aristocratic

text: Buddhism

text: An

text: important

text: element

text: of

text: Tendai

text: doctrine

text: was

text: the

text: suggestion

text: that

text: enlightenment

text: was

text: accessible

text: to

text: every

text: creature

text: Saichō

text: also

text: sought

text: independent

text: ordination

text: for

text: Tendai

text: monks

text: A

text: close

text: relationship

text: developed

text: between

text: the

text: Tendai

text: monastery

text: complex

text: on

text: Mount

text: Hiei

text: and

text: the

text: imperial

text: court

text: in

text: its

text: new

text: capital

text: at

text: the

text: foot

text: of

text: the

text: mountain

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: Tendai

text: emphasized

text: great

text: reverence

text: for

text: the

text: emperor

text: and

text: the

text: nation

text: Kammu

text: himself

text: was

text: a

text: notable

text: patron

text: of

text: the

text: otherworldly

text: Tendai

text: sect

text: which

text: rose

text: to

text: great

text: power

text: over

text: the

text: ensuing

text: centuries

text: Kūkai

text: greatly

text: impressed

text: the

text: emperors

text: who

text: succeeded

text: Emperor

text: Kammu

text: and

text: also

text: generations

text: of

text: Japanese

text: not

text: only

text: with

text: his

text: holiness

text: but

text: also

text: with

text: his

text: poetry

text: calligraphy

text: painting

text: and

text: sculpture

text: Shingon

text: through

text: its

text: use

text: of

text: rich

text: symbols

text: rituals

text: and

text: mandalas

text: held

text: a

text: wide

text: ranging

text: appeal

question: What religion spread during the Heian period?

answer: Buddhism

text: Buddhism

question: What were the two Japanese sects of Buddhism?

answer: Tendai and Shingon

text: Tendai and Shingon

question: Who brought Shingon Buddhism to Japan?

answer: Kūkai

text: Kūkai

question: Tendai Buddhism suggested that enlightenment was accessible to who?

answer: every creature

text: every creature

question: What philosophy had little influence during the Haian period?

text: Buddhism

question: What were the two Chinese sects of Buddhism?

text: Tendai and Shingon.

question: Where did Kukai bring Tendai Buddhism to?

text: Japan

question: Who thought all Buddist monks should be ordinated together?

text: Saichō

question: What court did Shingon develop a close relationship with?

text: imperial court


text: On November 2011, the sailing boat Puma's Mar Mostro participant in Volvo Ocean Race arrived to the island after her mast broke in the first leg from Alicante and Cape Town. This event made the island, its inhabitants and lifestyle known worldwide thanks to the media reports.

title: Tristan_da_Cunha

title: Tristan_da_Cunha

text: On

text: November

text: the

text: sailing

text: boat

text: Puma

text: 's

text: Mar

text: Mostro

text: participant

text: in

text: Volvo

text: Ocean

text: Race

text: arrived

text: to

text: the

text: island

text: after

text: her

text: mast

text: broke

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: leg

text: from

text: Alicante

text: and

text: Cape

text: Town

text: This

text: event

text: made

text: the

text: island

text: its

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: lifestyle

text: known

text: worldwide

text: thanks

text: to

text: the

text: media

text: reports

question: When did a boat arrive at the island with damage during a race?

answer: November 2011

text: November 2011

question: What was the name of the boat that was damaged during the race?

answer: Puma's Mar Mostro

text: Puma's Mar Mostro

question: What was the name of the race the boat was damaged in?

answer: Volvo Ocean Race

text: Volvo Ocean Race

question: what was broken/damaged on the boat?

answer: mast

text: mast

question: Where did the Volvo break its mast?

text: from Alicante and Cape Town

question: Where did the PUma's Mar Mostro break its first leg?

text: from Alicante and Cape Town

question: What made the island unknown worldwide?

question: What made Alicante known worldwide?

text: media reports

question: What made Cape Town known worldwide?

text: media reports


text: For any prime number p, there is also the multiplicative group of integers modulo p. Its elements are the integers 1 to p − 1. The group operation is multiplication modulo p. That is, the usual product is divided by p and the remainder of this division is the result of modular multiplication. For example, if p = 5, there are four group elements 1, 2, 3, 4. In this group, 4 · 4 = 1, because the usual product 16 is equivalent to 1, which divided by 5 yields a remainder of 1. for 5 divides 16 − 1 = 15, denoted

title: Group_(mathematics)

title: Group_(mathematics

text: For

text: any

text: prime

text: number

text: p

text: there

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: multiplicative

text: group

text: of

text: integers

text: modulo

text: p.

text: Its

text: elements

text: are

text: the

text: integers

text: to

text: p

text: The

text: group

text: operation

text: is

text: multiplication

text: modulo

text: p.

text: That

text: is

text: the

text: usual

text: product

text: is

text: divided

text: by

text: p

text: and

text: the

text: remainder

text: of

text: this

text: division

text: is

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: modular

text: multiplication

text: For

text: example

text: if

text: p

text: there

text: are

text: four

text: group

text: elements

text: In

text: this

text: group

text: because

text: the

text: usual

text: product

text: is

text: equivalent

text: to

text: which

text: divided

text: by

text: yields

text: a

text: remainder

text: of

text: for

text: divides

text: denoted

question: What term describes the group of integers related to a prime number?

answer: modulo p

text: modulo p

question: What integers are included in modulo p?

answer: 1 to p − 1

text: 1 to p − 1

question: How many group elements exist if p=5?

answer: four group elements

text: four group elements

question: What describes a group of integers related to a modulo?

text: prime number

question: What is the result of modular multiplication divided by?

text: p

question: How many integers does p = 5 have?

text: four

question: What is p divided by?

text: the usual product

question: What is 16 multiplied by 5 If p=5?


text: The government exerts greater control over broadcast media than print media, especially due to finance and licensing. The Swiss Broadcasting Corporation, whose name was recently changed to SRG SSR, is charged with the production and broadcast of radio and television programs. SRG SSR studios are distributed throughout the various language regions. Radio content is produced in six central and four regional studios while the television programs are produced in Geneva, Zürich and Lugano. An extensive cable network also allows most Swiss to access the programs from neighboring countries.

title: Switzerland

title: Switzerland

text: The

text: government

text: exerts

text: greater

text: control

text: over

text: broadcast

text: media

text: than

text: print

text: media

text: especially

text: due

text: to

text: finance

text: and

text: licensing

text: The

text: Swiss

text: Broadcasting

text: Corporation

text: whose

text: name

text: was

text: recently

text: changed

text: to

text: SRG

text: SSR

text: is

text: charged

text: with

text: the

text: production

text: and

text: broadcast

text: of

text: radio

text: and

text: television

text: programs

text: SRG

text: SSR

text: studios

text: are

text: distributed

text: throughout

text: the

text: various

text: language

text: regions

text: Radio

text: content

text: is

text: produced

text: in

text: six

text: central

text: and

text: four

text: regional

text: studios

text: while

text: the

text: television

text: programs

text: are

text: produced

text: in

text: Geneva

text: Zürich

text: and

text: Lugano

text: An

text: extensive

text: cable

text: network

text: also

text: allows

text: most

text: Swiss

text: to

text: access

text: the

text: programs

text: from

text: neighboring

text: countries

question: What causes the government to exert greater control over broadcast media than print media?

answer: finance and licensing

text: finance and licensing

question: Where are television programs produced?

answer: Geneva, Zürich and Lugano

text: Geneva, Zürich and Lugano

question: What was the Swiss Broadcasting Corporations name recently changed to?

answer: SRG SSR

text: SRG SSR


text: In other events of the nineteenth century, The Times opposed the repeal of the Corn Laws until the number of demonstrations convinced the editorial board otherwise, and only reluctantly supported aid to victims of the Irish Potato Famine. It enthusiastically supported the Great Reform Bill of 1832, which reduced corruption and increased the electorate from 400,000 people to 800,000 people (still a small minority of the population). During the American Civil War, The Times represented the view of the wealthy classes, favouring the secessionists, but it was not a supporter of slavery.

title: The_Times

title: The_Times

text: In

text: other

text: events

text: of

text: the

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: The

text: Times

text: opposed

text: the

text: repeal

text: of

text: the

text: Corn

text: Laws

text: until

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: demonstrations

text: convinced

text: the

text: editorial

text: board

text: otherwise

text: and

text: only

text: reluctantly

text: supported

text: aid

text: to

text: victims

text: of

text: the

text: Irish

text: Potato

text: Famine

text: It

text: enthusiastically

text: supported

text: the

text: Great

text: Reform

text: Bill

text: of

text: which

text: reduced

text: corruption

text: and

text: increased

text: the

text: electorate

text: from

text: people

text: to

text: people

text: still

text: a

text: small

text: minority

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: During

text: the

text: American

text: Civil

text: War

text: The

text: Times

text: represented

text: the

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: wealthy

text: classes

text: favouring

text: the

text: secessionists

text: but

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: a

text: supporter

text: of

text: slavery

question: What major event did The Times reluctantly support in the nineteenth century despite being initially opposed?

answer: Irish Potato Famine

text: Irish Potato Famine

question: The Times greatly supported what bill in 1832 which reduced corruption and increased the electorate?

answer: Great Reform Bill of 1832

text: Great Reform Bill of 1832

question: Many demonstrations in the nineteenth century convinced The Times editorial board to finally support the repeal of what laws?

answer: Corn Laws

text: Corn Laws

question: During the American Civil War, what classes of people did The Times support?

answer: wealthy classes

text: wealthy classes

question: The Times favoured which political side of the American Civil War?

answer: the secessionists

text: the secessionists


text: The early settlement was often subject to attack from sea and land, including periodic assaults from Spain and France (both of whom contested England's claims to the region), and pirates. These were combined with raids by Native Americans, who tried to protect themselves from so-called European "settlers," who in turn wanted to expand the settlement. The heart of the city was fortified according to a 1704 plan by Governor Johnson. Except those fronting Cooper River, the walls were largely removed during the 1720s.

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

text: The

text: early

text: settlement

text: was

text: often

text: subject

text: to

text: attack

text: from

text: sea

text: and

text: land

text: including

text: periodic

text: assaults

text: from

text: Spain

text: and

text: France

text: both

text: of

text: whom

text: contested

text: England

text: 's

text: claims

text: to

text: the

text: region

text: and

text: pirates

text: These

text: were

text: combined

text: with

text: raids

text: by

text: Native

text: Americans

text: who

text: tried

text: to

text: protect

text: themselves

text: from

text: so

text: called

text: European

text: settlers

text: who

text: in

text: turn

text: wanted

text: to

text: expand

text: the

text: settlement

text: The

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: fortified

text: according

text: to

text: a

text: plan

text: by

text: Governor

text: Johnson

text: Except

text: those

text: fronting

text: Cooper

text: River

text: the

text: walls

text: were

text: largely

text: removed

text: during

text: the

question: Which country along with France contested England's claim to the Charleston region?

answer: Spain

text: Spain

question: Which group raided the settlement as a means to protect themselves from settlers?

answer: Native Americans

text: Native Americans

question: Whose 1704 plan was used to fortified the city?

answer: Governor Johnson

text: Governor Johnson

question: The majority of the fort walls were removed in what decade?

answer: 1720s

question: Beside European nations and Native Americans, who else attacked the Charleston settlement?

answer: pirates

text: pirates

question: Which country along with France accepted England's claim to the Charleston region?

text: Spain

question: Which group raided the settlement as a means to protect themselves from police?

text: Native Americans

question: Whose 1740 plan was used to fortified the city?

text: Governor Johnson

question: The minority of the fort walls were removed in what decade?

question: Beside European nations and Native Americans, who else protected the Charleston settlement?

text: pirates


text: Different methods can be used to define southern Europe, including its political, economic, and cultural attributes. Southern Europe can also be defined by its natural features — its geography, climate, and flora.

title: Southern_Europe

title: Southern_Europe

text: Different

text: methods

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: define

text: southern

text: Europe

text: including

text: its

text: political

text: economic

text: and

text: cultural

text: attributes

text: Southern

text: Europe

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: defined

text: by

text: its

text: natural

text: features

text: its

text: geography

text: climate

text: and

text: flora

question: What are three characteristics that can be employed to characterize southern Europe?

answer: political, economic, and cultural attributes

text: political, economic, and cultural attributes

question: What are three aspects of the environment of southern Europe that can be used to distinguish the region?

answer: geography, climate, and flora

text: geography, climate, and flora

question: What are three characteristics that can be employed to characterize natural features?

question: What are three aspects of the environment of Southern Asia that can be used to distinguish the region?

text: geography, climate, and flora

question: What can be defined by its industries?

text: Southern Europe

question: What area is defined by it's genealogy?

text: southern Europe

question: What methods can be used to define the southern Mediterranean?


text: In 2013 it was found that the Ministry of Defence had overspent on its equipment budget by £6.5bn on orders that could take up to 39 years to fulfil. The Ministry of Defence has been criticised in the past for poor management and financial control, investing in projects that have taken up to 10 and even as much as 15 years to be delivered.

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom

text: In

text: it

text: was

text: found

text: that

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Defence

text: had

text: overspent

text: on

text: its

text: equipment

text: budget

text: by

text: on

text: orders

text: that

text: could

text: take

text: up

text: to

text: years

text: to

text: fulfil

text: The

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Defence

text: has

text: been

text: criticised

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: for

text: poor

text: management

text: and

text: financial

text: control

text: investing

text: in

text: projects

text: that

text: have

text: taken

text: up

text: to

text: and

text: even

text: as

text: much

text: as

text: years

text: to

text: be

text: delivered

question: By how much did the MoD go over its equipment budget?

answer: £6.5bn

question: When was the overbudget amount discovered?

answer: 2013

question: What are some of the criticisms that have been directed at the MoD?

answer: poor management and financial control

text: poor management and financial control

question: What is a long-range estimate on fulfillment of some of the equipment orders made by the MoD?

answer: up to 39 years

text: up to 39 years

question: Past projects ordered by the MoD have taken what type of time frame to fulfill?

answer: up to 10 and even as much as 15 years

text: up to 10 and even as much as 15 years

question: For how long did the MoD go over its equipment budget?

text: 10 and even as much as 15 years

question: How long has the MoD existed?

text: 39 years

question: How long has the MoD been poorly managed?

text: 39 years

question: What has the government had for 10 to 15 years?

text: financial control

question: What was the Mod's equipment budget in 2013?


text: Because of the sudden loss of the New Orleans franchise, the league announced in October that the beginning of the free agency period would be delayed in order to accommodate a dispersal draft. Dates were eventually announced as December 2 for the dispersal draft and December 4 for free agency, but shortly before the draft the league issued a press release announcing the draft had been postponed one day to December 3. Shortly thereafter, another press release announced that the draft would be held on December 9 and free agency would commence on December 11. However, the draft still never took place, and instead another press release was issued stating that both the draft and free agency had been postponed indefinitely. Rumors began circulating that the league was in trouble and on the verge of folding, but owners denied those claims. It was soon revealed the players' union had agreed to cut the salary cap for the 2009 season to prevent a total cessation of operations. However, the announced Platinum Equity investment never materialized.

title: Arena_Football_League

title: Arena_Football_League

text: Because

text: of

text: the

text: sudden

text: loss

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: Orleans

text: franchise

text: the

text: league

text: announced

text: in

text: October

text: that

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: free

text: agency

text: period

text: would

text: be

text: delayed

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: accommodate

text: a

text: dispersal

text: draft

text: Dates

text: were

text: eventually

text: announced

text: as

text: December

text: for

text: the

text: dispersal

text: draft

text: and

text: December

text: for

text: free

text: agency

text: but

text: shortly

text: before

text: the

text: draft

text: the

text: league

text: issued

text: a

text: press

text: release

text: announcing

text: the

text: draft

text: had

text: been

text: postponed

text: one

text: day

text: to

text: December

text: Shortly

text: thereafter

text: another

text: press

text: release

text: announced

text: that

text: the

text: draft

text: would

text: be

text: held

text: on

text: December

text: and

text: free

text: agency

text: would

text: commence

text: on

text: December

text: However

text: the

text: draft

text: still

text: never

text: took

text: place

text: and

text: instead

text: another

text: press

text: release

text: was

text: issued

text: stating

text: that

text: both

text: the

text: draft

text: and

text: free

text: agency

text: had

text: been

text: postponed

text: indefinitely

text: Rumors

text: began

text: circulating

text: that

text: the

text: league

text: was

text: in

text: trouble

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: verge

text: of

text: folding

text: but

text: owners

text: denied

text: those

text: claims

text: It

text: was

text: soon

text: revealed

text: the

text: players

text: union

text: had

text: agreed

text: to

text: cut

text: the

text: salary

text: cap

text: for

text: the

text: season

text: to

text: prevent

text: a

text: total

text: cessation

text: of

text: operations

text: However

text: the

text: announced

text: Platinum

text: Equity

text: investment

text: never

text: materialized

question: On what date was the dispersal draft first scheduled to occur?

answer: December 2

text: December 2

question: To what date was the dispersal draft first delayed?

answer: December 3

text: December 3

question: After the second delay, when was the dispersal draft schedule to occur?

answer: December 9

text: December 9

question: When was free agency first scheduled to begin?

answer: December 4

text: December 4

question: When was free agency scheduled to begin after the delay?

answer: December 11

text: December 11


text: The Han dynasty inherited the ban liang coin type from the Qin. In the beginning of the Han, Emperor Gaozu closed the government mint in favor of private minting of coins. This decision was reversed in 186 BC by his widow Grand Empress Dowager Lü Zhi (d. 180 BC), who abolished private minting. In 182 BC, Lü Zhi issued a bronze coin that was much lighter in weight than previous coins. This caused widespread inflation that was not reduced until 175 BC when Emperor Wen allowed private minters to manufacture coins that were precisely 2.6 g (0.09 oz) in weight.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: The

text: Han

text: dynasty

text: inherited

text: the

text: ban

text: liang

text: coin

text: type

text: from

text: the

text: Qin

text: In

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: Han

text: Emperor

text: Gaozu

text: closed

text: the

text: government

text: mint

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: private

text: minting

text: of

text: coins

text: This

text: decision

text: was

text: reversed

text: in

text: BC

text: by

text: his

text: widow

text: Grand

text: Empress

text: Dowager

text: Lü

text: Zhi

text: d.

text: BC

text: who

text: abolished

text: private

text: minting

text: In

text: BC

text: Lü

text: Zhi

text: issued

text: a

text: bronze

text: coin

text: that

text: was

text: much

text: lighter

text: in

text: weight

text: than

text: previous

text: coins

text: This

text: caused

text: widespread

text: inflation

text: that

text: was

text: not

text: reduced

text: until

text: BC

text: when

text: Emperor

text: Wen

text: allowed

text: private

text: minters

text: to

text: manufacture

text: coins

text: that

text: were

text: precisely

text: g

text: oz

text: in

text: weight

question: Where did the Han dynasty receive their coin type from?

answer: the Qin

text: the Qin

question: Who closed the government mint?

answer: Emperor Gaozu

text: Emperor Gaozu

question: In what year was the decision reversing the closure of the government mint implemented?

answer: 186 BC

text: 186 BC

question: Who released new lighter coinage that caused significant amounts of inflation because of it's weight?

answer: Lü Zhi

text: Lü Zhi

question: In what year were private manufactures allowed to create coins that were exactly 2.6g in mass?

answer: 175 BC

text: 175 BC


text: On February 29, 2012, Microsoft released Windows 8 Consumer Preview, the beta version of Windows 8, build 8250. Alongside other changes, the build removed the Start button from the taskbar for the first time since its debut on Windows 95; according to Windows manager Chaitanya Sareen, the Start button was removed to reflect their view that on Windows 8, the desktop was an "app" itself, and not the primary interface of the operating system. Windows president Steven Sinofsky said more than 100,000 changes had been made since the developer version went public. The day after its release, Windows 8 Consumer Preview had been downloaded over one million times. Like the Developer Preview, the Consumer Preview expired on January 15, 2013.

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: On

text: February

text: Microsoft

text: released

text: Windows

text: Consumer

text: Preview

text: the

text: beta

text: version

text: of

text: Windows

text: build

text: Alongside

text: other

text: changes

text: the

text: build

text: removed

text: the

text: Start

text: button

text: from

text: the

text: taskbar

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: since

text: its

text: debut

text: on

text: Windows

text: according

text: to

text: Windows

text: manager

text: Chaitanya

text: Sareen

text: the

text: Start

text: button

text: was

text: removed

text: to

text: reflect

text: their

text: view

text: that

text: on

text: Windows

text: the

text: desktop

text: was

text: an

text: app

text: itself

text: and

text: not

text: the

text: primary

text: interface

text: of

text: the

text: operating

text: system

text: Windows

text: president

text: Steven

text: Sinofsky

text: said

text: more

text: than

text: changes

text: had

text: been

text: made

text: since

text: the

text: developer

text: version

text: went

text: public

text: The

text: day

text: after

text: its

text: release

text: Windows

text: Consumer

text: Preview

text: had

text: been

text: downloaded

text: over

text: one

text: million

text: times

text: Like

text: the

text: Developer

text: Preview

text: the

text: Consumer

text: Preview

text: expired

text: on

text: January

question: When was the beta version of Windows 8 made available to the public?

answer: February 29, 2012

text: February 29, 2012

question: Who is the Windows Manager?

answer: Chaitanya Sareen

text: Chaitanya Sareen

question: How many things were altered after developer version release?

answer: 100,000

question: When was the Consumer Preview set to expire?

answer: January 15, 2013

text: January 15, 2013

question: How many times was the Consumer Preview downloaded in the first 24 hours?

answer: over one million times

text: over one million times

question: When was the beta version of Windows 9 made available to the public?

text: February 29, 2012

question: Who isn't the Windows Manager?

text: Chaitanya Sareen

question: How many things were altered before developer version release?

question: When wasn't the Consumer Preview set to expire?

text: January 15, 2013.

question: How many times was the Consumer Preview downloaded in the first 42 hours?

text: over one million times


text: A genre that greatly rose in importance was that of scientific literature. Natural history in particular became increasingly popular among the upper classes. Works of natural history include René-Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur's Histoire naturelle des insectes and Jacques Gautier d'Agoty's La Myologie complète, ou description de tous les muscles du corps humain (1746). Outside ancien régime France, natural history was an important part of medicine and industry, encompassing the fields of botany, zoology, meteorology, hydrology and mineralogy. Students in Enlightenment universities and academies were taught these subjects to prepare them for careers as diverse as medicine and theology. As shown by M D Eddy, natural history in this context was a very middle class pursuit and operated as a fertile trading zone for the interdisciplinary exchange of diverse scientific ideas.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: A

text: genre

text: that

text: greatly

text: rose

text: in

text: importance

text: was

text: that

text: of

text: scientific

text: literature

text: Natural

text: history

text: in

text: particular

text: became

text: increasingly

text: popular

text: among

text: the

text: upper

text: classes

text: Works

text: of

text: natural

text: history

text: include

text: René

text: Antoine

text: Ferchault

text: de

text: Réaumur

text: 's

text: Histoire

text: naturelle

text: des

text: insectes

text: and

text: Jacques

text: Gautier

text: d'Agoty

text: 's

text: La

text: Myologie

text: complète

text: ou

text: description

text: de

text: tous

text: les

text: muscles

text: du

text: corps

text: humain

text: Outside

text: ancien

text: régime

text: France

text: natural

text: history

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: part

text: of

text: medicine

text: and

text: industry

text: encompassing

text: the

text: fields

text: of

text: botany

text: zoology

text: meteorology

text: hydrology

text: and

text: mineralogy

text: Students

text: in

text: Enlightenment

text: universities

text: and

text: academies

text: were

text: taught

text: these

text: subjects

text: to

text: prepare

text: them

text: for

text: careers

text: as

text: diverse

text: as

text: medicine

text: and

text: theology

text: As

text: shown

text: by

text: M

text: D

text: Eddy

text: natural

text: history

text: in

text: this

text: context

text: was

text: a

text: very

text: middle

text: class

text: pursuit

text: and

text: operated

text: as

text: a

text: fertile

text: trading

text: zone

text: for

text: the

text: interdisciplinary

text: exchange

text: of

text: diverse

text: scientific

text: ideas

question: Did natural history in particular become increasingly popular amoung the upper or lower classes?

answer: upper

text: upper

question: Which type of history encompassed botany, zoology, meteorolgy, hydrology, and mineralogy?

answer: natural history

text: natural history

question: Who wrote the Histoire naturelle des insectes?

answer: René-Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur

text: René-Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur


text: Comprehensive schools were introduced into Ireland in 1966 by an initiative by Patrick Hillery, Minister for Education, to give a broader range of education compared to that of the vocational school system, which was then the only system of schools completely controlled by the state. Until then, education in Ireland was largely dominated by religious persuasion, particularly the voluntary secondary school system was a particular realisation of this. The comprehensive school system is still relatively small and to an extent has been superseded by the community school concept. The Irish word for a comprehensive school is a 'scoil chuimsitheach.'

title: Comprehensive_school

title: Comprehensive_school

text: Comprehensive

text: schools

text: were

text: introduced

text: into

text: Ireland

text: in

text: by

text: an

text: initiative

text: by

text: Patrick

text: Hillery

text: Minister

text: for

text: Education

text: to

text: give

text: a

text: broader

text: range

text: of

text: education

text: compared

text: to

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: vocational

text: school

text: system

text: which

text: was

text: then

text: the

text: only

text: system

text: of

text: schools

text: completely

text: controlled

text: by

text: the

text: state

text: Until

text: then

text: education

text: in

text: Ireland

text: was

text: largely

text: dominated

text: by

text: religious

text: persuasion

text: particularly

text: the

text: voluntary

text: secondary

text: school

text: system

text: was

text: a

text: particular

text: realisation

text: of

text: this

text: The

text: comprehensive

text: school

text: system

text: is

text: still

text: relatively

text: small

text: and

text: to

text: an

text: extent

text: has

text: been

text: superseded

text: by

text: the

text: community

text: school

text: concept

text: The

text: Irish

text: word

text: for

text: a

text: comprehensive

text: school

text: is

text: a

text: scoil

text: chuimsitheach

question: When did Ireland first open comprehensive schools?

answer: 1966

question: Who was responsible for creating comprehensive schools in Ireland?

answer: Patrick Hillery

text: Patrick Hillery

question: What was the only state-run educational system in Ireland prior to comprehensive schools?

answer: vocational school system

text: vocational school system

question: What type of school has surpassed comprehensive schools in Ireland?

answer: community school

text: community school

question: When did Ireland last open comprehensive schools?

question: When did Ireland first close comprehensive schools?

question: Who was unresponsible for creating comprehensive schools in Ireland?

text: Patrick Hillery

question: What wasn't the only state-run educational system in Ireland prior to comprehensive schools?

text: vocational school system

question: What type of school has surpassed uncomprehensive schools in Ireland?

text: community school


text: Government revenues largely come from sales of fishing licenses, income from the Tuvalu Trust Fund, and from the lease of its highly fortuitous .tv Internet Top Level Domain (TLD). In 1998, Tuvalu began deriving revenue from the use of its area code for premium-rate telephone numbers and from the commercialisation of its ".tv" Internet domain name, which is now managed by Verisign until 2021. The ".tv" domain name generates around $2.2 million each year from royalties, which is about ten per cent of the government's total revenue. Domain name income paid most of the cost of paving the streets of Funafuti and installing street lighting in mid-2002. Tuvalu also generates income from stamps by the Tuvalu Philatelic Bureau and income from the Tuvalu Ship Registry.

title: Tuvalu

title: Tuvalu

text: Government

text: revenues

text: largely

text: come

text: from

text: sales

text: of

text: fishing

text: licenses

text: income

text: from

text: the

text: Tuvalu

text: Trust

text: Fund

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: lease

text: of

text: its

text: highly

text: fortuitous

text: .tv

text: Internet

text: Top

text: Level

text: Domain

text: TLD

text: In

text: Tuvalu

text: began

text: deriving

text: revenue

text: from

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: its

text: area

text: code

text: for

text: premium

text: rate

text: telephone

text: numbers

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: commercialisation

text: of

text: its

text: .tv

text: Internet

text: domain

text: name

text: which

text: is

text: now

text: managed

text: by

text: Verisign

text: until

text: The

text: .tv

text: domain

text: name

text: generates

text: around

text: million

text: each

text: year

text: from

text: royalties

text: which

text: is

text: about

text: ten

text: per

text: cent

text: of

text: the

text: government

text: 's

text: total

text: revenue

text: Domain

text: name

text: income

text: paid

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: cost

text: of

text: paving

text: the

text: streets

text: of

text: Funafuti

text: and

text: installing

text: street

text: lighting

text: in

text: Tuvalu

text: also

text: generates

text: income

text: from

text: stamps

text: by

text: the

text: Tuvalu

text: Philatelic

text: Bureau

text: and

text: income

text: from

text: the

text: Tuvalu

text: Ship

text: Registry

question: How much money does Tuvalu's tv domain name earn each year?

answer: $2.2 million

text: $2.2 million

question: What si Tuvalu's tv domain?

answer: Top Level Domain

text: Top Level Domain

question: What company is managing Tuvalu's tv domain?

answer: Verisign

text: Verisign

question: How much of the total government revenue comes from the domain name?

answer: ten per cent

text: ten per cent

question: What  income source does Tuvalu earn from shipping?

answer: Tuvalu Ship Registry

text: Tuvalu Ship Registry


text: By the mid-18th century, the Qing had successfully put outer regions such as Inner and Outer Mongolia, Tibet and Xinjiang under its control. Imperial commissioners and garrisons were sent to Mongolia and Tibet to oversee their affairs. These territories were also under supervision of a central government institution called Lifan Yuan. Qinghai was also put under direct control of the Qing court. Xinjiang, also known as Chinese Turkestan, was subdivided into the regions north and south of the Tian Shan mountains, also known today as Dzungaria and Tarim Basin respectively, but the post of Ili General was established in 1762 to exercise unified military and administrative jurisdiction over both regions. Dzungaria was fully opened to Han migration by the Qianlong Emperor from the beginning. Han migrants were at first forbidden from permanently settling in the Tarim Basin but were the ban was lifted after the invasion by Jahangir Khoja in the 1820s. Likewise, Manchuria was also governed by military generals until its division into provinces, though some areas of Xinjiang and Northeast China were lost to the Russian Empire in the mid-19th century. Manchuria was originally separated from China proper by the Inner Willow Palisade, a ditch and embankment planted with willows intended to restrict the movement of the Han Chinese, as the area was off-limits to civilian Han Chinese until the government started colonizing the area, especially since the 1860s.

title: Qing_dynasty

title: Qing_dynasty

text: By

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: Qing

text: had

text: successfully

text: put

text: outer

text: regions

text: such

text: as

text: Inner

text: and

text: Outer

text: Mongolia

text: Tibet

text: and

text: Xinjiang

text: under

text: its

text: control

text: Imperial

text: commissioners

text: and

text: garrisons

text: were

text: sent

text: to

text: Mongolia

text: and

text: Tibet

text: to

text: oversee

text: their

text: affairs

text: These

text: territories

text: were

text: also

text: under

text: supervision

text: of

text: a

text: central

text: government

text: institution

text: called

text: Lifan

text: Yuan

text: Qinghai

text: was

text: also

text: put

text: under

text: direct

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: Qing

text: court

text: Xinjiang

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Chinese

text: Turkestan

text: was

text: subdivided

text: into

text: the

text: regions

text: north

text: and

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Tian

text: Shan

text: mountains

text: also

text: known

text: today

text: as

text: Dzungaria

text: and

text: Tarim

text: Basin

text: respectively

text: but

text: the

text: post

text: of

text: Ili

text: General

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: to

text: exercise

text: unified

text: military

text: and

text: administrative

text: jurisdiction

text: over

text: both

text: regions

text: Dzungaria

text: was

text: fully

text: opened

text: to

text: Han

text: migration

text: by

text: the

text: Qianlong

text: Emperor

text: from

text: the

text: beginning

text: Han

text: migrants

text: were

text: at

text: first

text: forbidden

text: from

text: permanently

text: settling

text: in

text: the

text: Tarim

text: Basin

text: but

text: were

text: the

text: ban

text: was

text: lifted

text: after

text: the

text: invasion

text: by

text: Jahangir

text: Khoja

text: in

text: the

text: Likewise

text: Manchuria

text: was

text: also

text: governed

text: by

text: military

text: generals

text: until

text: its

text: division

text: into

text: provinces

text: though

text: some

text: areas

text: of

text: Xinjiang

text: and

text: Northeast

text: China

text: were

text: lost

text: to

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Manchuria

text: was

text: originally

text: separated

text: from

text: China

text: proper

text: by

text: the

text: Inner

text: Willow

text: Palisade

text: a

text: ditch

text: and

text: embankment

text: planted

text: with

text: willows

text: intended

text: to

text: restrict

text: the

text: movement

text: of

text: the

text: Han

text: Chinese

text: as

text: the

text: area

text: was

text: off

text: limits

text: to

text: civilian

text: Han

text: Chinese

text: until

text: the

text: government

text: started

text: colonizing

text: the

text: area

text: especially

text: since

text: the

question: When did Tibet become part of Qing China?

answer: mid-18th century

text: mid-18th century

question: What was the main government entity that ran the territories like Tibet?

answer: Lifan Yuan

text: Lifan Yuan

question: What is another name for Chinese Turkestan?

answer: Xinjiang

text: Xinjiang

question: Which emperor allowed Han migration to Dzungaria?

answer: Qianlong

text: Qianlong

question: Who first ran Manchuria?

answer: military generals

text: military generals


text: Meteorites from Antarctica are an important area of study of material formed early in the solar system; most are thought to come from asteroids, but some may have originated on larger planets. The first meteorite was found in 1912, and named the Adelie Land meteorite. In 1969, a Japanese expedition discovered nine meteorites. Most of these meteorites have fallen onto the ice sheet in the last million years. Motion of the ice sheet tends to concentrate the meteorites at blocking locations such as mountain ranges, with wind erosion bringing them to the surface after centuries beneath accumulated snowfall. Compared with meteorites collected in more temperate regions on Earth, the Antarctic meteorites are well-preserved.

title: Antarctica

title: Antarctica

text: Meteorites

text: from

text: Antarctica

text: are

text: an

text: important

text: area

text: of

text: study

text: of

text: material

text: formed

text: early

text: in

text: the

text: solar

text: system

text: most

text: are

text: thought

text: to

text: come

text: from

text: asteroids

text: but

text: some

text: may

text: have

text: originated

text: on

text: larger

text: planets

text: The

text: first

text: meteorite

text: was

text: found

text: in

text: and

text: named

text: the

text: Adelie

text: Land

text: meteorite

text: In

text: a

text: Japanese

text: expedition

text: discovered

text: nine

text: meteorites

text: Most

text: of

text: these

text: meteorites

text: have

text: fallen

text: onto

text: the

text: ice

text: sheet

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: million

text: years

text: Motion

text: of

text: the

text: ice

text: sheet

text: tends

text: to

text: concentrate

text: the

text: meteorites

text: at

text: blocking

text: locations

text: such

text: as

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: with

text: wind

text: erosion

text: bringing

text: them

text: to

text: the

text: surface

text: after

text: centuries

text: beneath

text: accumulated

text: snowfall

text: Compared

text: with

text: meteorites

text: collected

text: in

text: more

text: temperate

text: regions

text: on

text: Earth

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: meteorites

text: are

text: well

text: preserved

question: What astronomical study is important research for Antarctica?

answer: Meteorites

text: Meteorites

question: What is the supposed source of most Antarctica meteorites?

answer: asteroids

text: asteroids

question: When was the first meteorite found in Antarctica?

answer: 1912

question: What expedition found nine meteorites in 1969?

answer: Japanese

text: Japanese

question: What is it about Antarctic meteorites that is different form meteorites found in other places?

answer: well-preserved.

text: well-preserved.

question: What was first found in 1921?

text: The first meteorite

question: What was the name of the 1921 meteorite?

text: Adelie Land meteorite

question: What happened in 1996?

question: How many meteorites did the 1996 Japanese expedition find?

text: nine


text: The K-12 and higher education reform programs of the Gates Foundation have been criticized by some education professionals, parents, and researchers because they have driven the conversation on education reform to such an extent that they may marginalize researchers who do not support Gates' predetermined policy preferences. Several Gates-backed policies such as small schools, charter schools, and increasing class sizes have been expensive and disruptive, but some studies indicate they have not improved educational outcomes and may have caused harm. Peer reviewed scientific studies at Stanford find that Charter Schools do not systematically improve student performance

title: Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation

title: Bill_%26_Melinda_Gates_Foundation

text: The

text: and

text: higher

text: education

text: reform

text: programs

text: of

text: the

text: Gates

text: Foundation

text: have

text: been

text: criticized

text: by

text: some

text: education

text: professionals

text: parents

text: and

text: researchers

text: because

text: they

text: have

text: driven

text: the

text: conversation

text: on

text: education

text: reform

text: to

text: such

text: an

text: extent

text: that

text: they

text: may

text: marginalize

text: researchers

text: who

text: do

text: not

text: support

text: Gates

text: predetermined

text: policy

text: preferences

text: Several

text: Gates

text: backed

text: policies

text: such

text: as

text: small

text: schools

text: charter

text: schools

text: and

text: increasing

text: class

text: sizes

text: have

text: been

text: expensive

text: and

text: disruptive

text: but

text: some

text: studies

text: indicate

text: they

text: have

text: not

text: improved

text: educational

text: outcomes

text: and

text: may

text: have

text: caused

text: harm

text: Peer

text: reviewed

text: scientific

text: studies

text: at

text: Stanford

text: find

text: that

text: Charter

text: Schools

text: do

text: not

text: systematically

text: improve

text: student

text: performance

question: Why were the gates foundation educational reforms critcized

answer: they may marginalize researchers who do not support Gates' predetermined policy preferences

text: they may marginalize researchers who do not support Gates' predetermined policy preferences

question: What are several of the gates backed policies

answer: Several Gates-backed policies such as small schools, charter schools, and increasing class sizes

text: Several Gates-backed policies such as small schools, charter schools, and increasing class sizes

question: Have the policies been criticized

answer: but some studies indicate they have not improved educational outcomes and may have caused harm

text: but some studies indicate they have not improved educational outcomes and may have caused harm

question: What does 1 specific study of charter schools show

answer: Peer reviewed scientific studies at Stanford find that Charter Schools do not systematically improve student performance

text: Peer reviewed scientific studies at Stanford find that Charter Schools do not systematically improve student performance

question: What do Stanford studies find that policies don't improve?

text: student performance

question: Who has criticized charter school reform programs?

question: Why were the scientific educational reforms criticized?

question: Which scientific studies have been expensive and disruptive?

question: What have predetermined policy preferences shown about charter schools?


text: Groove recordings, first designed in the final quarter of the 19th century, held a predominant position for nearly a century—withstanding competition from reel-to-reel tape, the 8-track cartridge, and the compact cassette. In 1988, the compact disc surpassed the gramophone record in unit sales. Vinyl records experienced a sudden decline in popularity between 1988 and 1991, when the major label distributors restricted their return policies, which retailers had been relying on to maintain and swap out stocks of relatively unpopular titles. First the distributors began charging retailers more for new product if they returned unsold vinyl, and then they stopped providing any credit at all for returns. Retailers, fearing they would be stuck with anything they ordered, only ordered proven, popular titles that they knew would sell, and devoted more shelf space to CDs and cassettes. Record companies also deleted many vinyl titles from production and distribution, further undermining the availability of the format and leading to the closure of pressing plants. This rapid decline in the availability of records accelerated the format's decline in popularity, and is seen by some as a deliberate ploy to make consumers switch to CDs, which were more profitable for the record companies.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: Groove

text: recordings

text: first

text: designed

text: in

text: the

text: final

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: held

text: a

text: predominant

text: position

text: for

text: nearly

text: a

text: century

text: withstanding

text: competition

text: from

text: reel

text: to

text: reel

text: tape

text: the

text: cartridge

text: and

text: the

text: compact

text: cassette

text: In

text: the

text: compact

text: disc

text: surpassed

text: the

text: gramophone

text: record

text: in

text: unit

text: sales

text: Vinyl

text: records

text: experienced

text: a

text: sudden

text: decline

text: in

text: popularity

text: between

text: and

text: when

text: the

text: major

text: label

text: distributors

text: restricted

text: their

text: return

text: policies

text: which

text: retailers

text: had

text: been

text: relying

text: on

text: to

text: maintain

text: and

text: swap

text: out

text: stocks

text: of

text: relatively

text: unpopular

text: titles

text: First

text: the

text: distributors

text: began

text: charging

text: retailers

text: more

text: for

text: new

text: product

text: if

text: they

text: returned

text: unsold

text: vinyl

text: and

text: then

text: they

text: stopped

text: providing

text: any

text: credit

text: at

text: all

text: for

text: returns

text: Retailers

text: fearing

text: they

text: would

text: be

text: stuck

text: with

text: anything

text: they

text: ordered

text: only

text: ordered

text: proven

text: popular

text: titles

text: that

text: they

text: knew

text: would

text: sell

text: and

text: devoted

text: more

text: shelf

text: space

text: to

text: CDs

text: and

text: cassettes

text: Record

text: companies

text: also

text: deleted

text: many

text: vinyl

text: titles

text: from

text: production

text: and

text: distribution

text: further

text: undermining

text: the

text: availability

text: of

text: the

text: format

text: and

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: closure

text: of

text: pressing

text: plants

text: This

text: rapid

text: decline

text: in

text: the

text: availability

text: of

text: records

text: accelerated

text: the

text: format

text: 's

text: decline

text: in

text: popularity

text: and

text: is

text: seen

text: by

text: some

text: as

text: a

text: deliberate

text: ploy

text: to

text: make

text: consumers

text: switch

text: to

text: CDs

text: which

text: were

text: more

text: profitable

text: for

text: the

text: record

text: companies

question: What was a major cause of declined vinyl sales?

answer: major label distributors restricted their return policies

text: major label distributors restricted their return policies

question: Which allows for more profits, vinyl or compact discs?

answer: CDs, which were more profitable for the record companies

text: CDs, which were more profitable for the record companies

question: When did vinyl record sales decline?

answer: between 1988 and 1991

text: between 1988 and 1991

question: When did compact disc popularity take hold?

answer: 1988

question: When were groove recordings developed?

answer: final quarter of the 19th century,

text: final quarter of the 19th century,


text: Initially, the vocalists consisted of artists such as Frank Sinatra, Doris Day, Johnny Mathis, Connie Francis, Nat King Cole, Perry Como, and others. The custom recordings were usually instrumental versions of current or recent rock and roll or pop hit songs, a move intended to give the stations more mass appeal without selling out. Some stations would also occasionally play earlier big band-era recordings from the 1940s and early 1950s.

title: Adult_contemporary_music

title: Adult_contemporary_music

text: Initially

text: the

text: vocalists

text: consisted

text: of

text: artists

text: such

text: as

text: Frank

text: Sinatra

text: Doris

text: Day

text: Johnny

text: Mathis

text: Connie

text: Francis

text: Nat

text: King

text: Cole

text: Perry

text: Como

text: and

text: others

text: The

text: custom

text: recordings

text: were

text: usually

text: instrumental

text: versions

text: of

text: current

text: or

text: recent

text: rock

text: and

text: roll

text: or

text: pop

text: hit

text: songs

text: a

text: move

text: intended

text: to

text: give

text: the

text: stations

text: more

text: mass

text: appeal

text: without

text: selling

text: out

text: Some

text: stations

text: would

text: also

text: occasionally

text: play

text: earlier

text: big

text: band

text: era

text: recordings

text: from

text: the

text: and

text: early

question: Along with Frank Sinatra, Doris Day, Johnny Mathis, Nat King Cole, and Perry Como, who was a prominent early adult contemporary radio artist?

answer: Connie Francis

text: Connie Francis

question: What type of covers of pop and rock songs were usually played on adult contemporary?

answer: instrumental

text: instrumental

question: What songs from the 1940s and 1950s would adult contemporary stations play?

answer: big band-era recordings

text: big band-era recordings


text: Oklahoma City is the annual host of the Big 12 Baseball Tournament, the World Cup of Softball, and the annual NCAA Women's College World Series. The city has held the 2005 NCAA Men's Basketball First and Second round and hosted the Big 12 Men's and Women's Basketball Tournaments in 2007 and 2009. The major universities in the area – University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City University, and Oklahoma State University – often schedule major basketball games and other sporting events at Chesapeake Energy Arena and Chickasaw Bricktown Ballpark, although most home games are played at their campus stadiums.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: is

text: the

text: annual

text: host

text: of

text: the

text: Big

text: Baseball

text: Tournament

text: the

text: World

text: Cup

text: of

text: Softball

text: and

text: the

text: annual

text: NCAA

text: Women

text: 's

text: College

text: World

text: Series

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: held

text: the

text: NCAA

text: Men

text: 's

text: Basketball

text: First

text: and

text: Second

text: round

text: and

text: hosted

text: the

text: Big

text: Men

text: 's

text: and

text: Women

text: 's

text: Basketball

text: Tournaments

text: in

text: and

text: The

text: major

text: universities

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: University

text: of

text: Oklahoma

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: University

text: and

text: Oklahoma

text: State

text: University

text: often

text: schedule

text: major

text: basketball

text: games

text: and

text: other

text: sporting

text: events

text: at

text: Chesapeake

text: Energy

text: Arena

text: and

text: Chickasaw

text: Bricktown

text: Ballpark

text: although

text: most

text: home

text: games

text: are

text: played

text: at

text: their

text: campus

text: stadiums

question: What is one annual event Oklahoma City hosts?

answer: Big 12 Baseball Tournament

text: Big 12 Baseball Tournament


text: Bern was a candidate to host the 2010 Winter Olympics, but withdrew its bid in September 2002 after a referendum was passed that showed that the bid was not supported by locals. Those games were eventually awarded to Vancouver, Canada.

title: Bern

title: Bern

text: Bern

text: was

text: a

text: candidate

text: to

text: host

text: the

text: Winter

text: Olympics

text: but

text: withdrew

text: its

text: bid

text: in

text: September

text: after

text: a

text: referendum

text: was

text: passed

text: that

text: showed

text: that

text: the

text: bid

text: was

text: not

text: supported

text: by

text: locals

text: Those

text: games

text: were

text: eventually

text: awarded

text: to

text: Vancouver

text: Canada

question: What year did Bern want to host the Winter Olympics?

answer: 2010

question: What year did they withdraw their bid?

answer: 2002

question: Where were the 2010 Winter Olympics held?

answer: Vancouver, Canada

text: Vancouver, Canada


text: Walking is a popular recreational activity in London. Areas that provide for walks include Wimbledon Common, Epping Forest, Hampton Court Park, Hampstead Heath, the eight Royal Parks, canals and disused railway tracks. Access to canals and rivers has improved recently, including the creation of the Thames Path, some 28 miles (45 km) of which is within Greater London, and The Wandle Trail; this runs 12 miles (19 km) through South London along the River Wandle, a tributary of the River Thames. Other long distance paths, linking green spaces, have also been created, including the Capital Ring, the Green Chain Walk, London Outer Orbital Path ("Loop"), Jubilee Walkway, Lea Valley Walk, and the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Walk.

title: London

title: London

text: Walking

text: is

text: a

text: popular

text: recreational

text: activity

text: in

text: London

text: Areas

text: that

text: provide

text: for

text: walks

text: include

text: Wimbledon

text: Common

text: Epping

text: Forest

text: Hampton

text: Court

text: Park

text: Hampstead

text: Heath

text: the

text: eight

text: Royal

text: Parks

text: canals

text: and

text: disused

text: railway

text: tracks

text: Access

text: to

text: canals

text: and

text: rivers

text: has

text: improved

text: recently

text: including

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: Thames

text: Path

text: some

text: miles

text: km

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: within

text: Greater

text: London

text: and

text: The

text: Wandle

text: Trail

text: this

text: runs

text: miles

text: km

text: through

text: South

text: London

text: along

text: the

text: River

text: Wandle

text: a

text: tributary

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Thames

text: Other

text: long

text: distance

text: paths

text: linking

text: green

text: spaces

text: have

text: also

text: been

text: created

text: including

text: the

text: Capital

text: Ring

text: the

text: Green

text: Chain

text: Walk

text: London

text: Outer

text: Orbital

text: Path

text: Loop

text: Jubilee

text: Walkway

text: Lea

text: Valley

text: Walk

text: and

text: the

text: Diana

text: Princess

text: of

text: Wales

text: Memorial

text: Walk

question: What river is a tributary of the River Thames?

answer: the River Wandle

text: the River Wandle

question: What is the London Outer Orbital Path commonly referred as?

answer: "Loop"

text: "Loop"

question: What walking path was created as a tribute to a member of the Royal Family who died prematurely?

answer: the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Walk

text: the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Walk

question: Which walking path follows the route of the body of water for which it is named?

answer: the Thames Path

text: the Thames Path

question: What recent improvements has served to enhance the walking experience?

answer: Access to canals and rivers

text: Access to canals and rivers


text: The era of mass persecution and execution of heretics under the banner of Christianity came to an end in 1826 with the last execution of a "heretic", Cayetano Ripoll, by the Catholic Inquisition.

title: Heresy

title: Heresy

text: The

text: era

text: of

text: mass

text: persecution

text: and

text: execution

text: of

text: heretics

text: under

text: the

text: banner

text: of

text: Christianity

text: came

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: last

text: execution

text: of

text: a

text: heretic

text: Cayetano

text: Ripoll

text: by

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Inquisition

question: What year did the deaths of heretics under Christianity come to an end?

answer: 1826

question: Who was the last heretic put to death under the Catholic Inquisition?

answer: Cayetano Ripoll

text: Cayetano Ripoll

question: What ended in the 18th century?

question: Who was the last Catholic executed?

text: Cayetano Ripoll