text: Red clothing was a sign of status and wealth. It was worn not only by cardinals and princes, but also by merchants, artisans and townpeople, particularly on holidays or special occasions. Red dye for the clothing of ordinary people was made from the roots of the rubia tinctorum, the madder plant. This color leaned toward brick-red, and faded easily in the sun or during washing. The wealthy and aristocrats wore scarlet clothing dyed with kermes, or carmine, made from the carminic acid in tiny female scale insects, which lived on the leaves of oak trees in Eastern Europe and around the Mediterranean. The insects were gathered, dried, crushed, and boiled with different ingredients in a long and complicated process, which produced a brilliant scarlet.

title: Red

title: Red

text: Red

text: clothing

text: was

text: a

text: sign

text: of

text: status

text: and

text: wealth

text: It

text: was

text: worn

text: not

text: only

text: by

text: cardinals

text: and

text: princes

text: but

text: also

text: by

text: merchants

text: artisans

text: and

text: townpeople

text: particularly

text: on

text: holidays

text: or

text: special

text: occasions

text: Red

text: dye

text: for

text: the

text: clothing

text: of

text: ordinary

text: people

text: was

text: made

text: from

text: the

text: roots

text: of

text: the

text: rubia

text: tinctorum

text: the

text: madder

text: plant

text: This

text: color

text: leaned

text: toward

text: brick

text: red

text: and

text: faded

text: easily

text: in

text: the

text: sun

text: or

text: during

text: washing

text: The

text: wealthy

text: and

text: aristocrats

text: wore

text: scarlet

text: clothing

text: dyed

text: with

text: kermes

text: or

text: carmine

text: made

text: from

text: the

text: carminic

text: acid

text: in

text: tiny

text: female

text: scale

text: insects

text: which

text: lived

text: on

text: the

text: leaves

text: of

text: oak

text: trees

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: and

text: around

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: The

text: insects

text: were

text: gathered

text: dried

text: crushed

text: and

text: boiled

text: with

text: different

text: ingredients

text: in

text: a

text: long

text: and

text: complicated

text: process

text: which

text: produced

text: a

text: brilliant

text: scarlet

question: What status did the wearing of red in medieval times represent?

answer: wealth

text: wealth

question: On what occasion would townspeople wear red?

answer: holidays

text: holidays

question: What root was used for red clothing owned by commoners?

answer: rubia tinctorum

text: rubia tinctorum

question: Outside of sun exposure in what circumstance did pigment made from rubia tinctorum fade?

answer: during washing

text: during washing

question: What was carmine made from?

answer: the carminic acid in tiny female scale insects

text: the carminic acid in tiny female scale insects

question: What trees are found only in the Mediterranean?

text: oak trees

question: Where in Europe are kermes only found?

text: Eastern Europe

question: What brick color is produced by kermes?

text: brick-red,

question: What causes kermes dye to fade easily?

text: the sun or during washing


text: The culture of Greece has evolved over thousands of years, beginning in Mycenaean Greece and continuing most notably into Classical Greece, through the influence of the Roman Empire and its Greek Eastern continuation, the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire. Other cultures and nations, such as the Latin and Frankish states, the Ottoman Empire, the Venetian Republic, the Genoese Republic, and the British Empire have also left their influence on modern Greek culture, although historians credit the Greek War of Independence with revitalising Greece and giving birth to a single, cohesive entity of its multi-faceted culture.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: The

text: culture

text: of

text: Greece

text: has

text: evolved

text: over

text: thousands

text: of

text: years

text: beginning

text: in

text: Mycenaean

text: Greece

text: and

text: continuing

text: most

text: notably

text: into

text: Classical

text: Greece

text: through

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: and

text: its

text: Greek

text: Eastern

text: continuation

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Roman

text: or

text: Byzantine

text: Empire

text: Other

text: cultures

text: and

text: nations

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Latin

text: and

text: Frankish

text: states

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: the

text: Venetian

text: Republic

text: the

text: Genoese

text: Republic

text: and

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: have

text: also

text: left

text: their

text: influence

text: on

text: modern

text: Greek

text: culture

text: although

text: historians

text: credit

text: the

text: Greek

text: War

text: of

text: Independence

text: with

text: revitalising

text: Greece

text: and

text: giving

text: birth

text: to

text: a

text: single

text: cohesive

text: entity

text: of

text: its

text: multi

text: faceted

text: culture

question: Where did Greece culture begin?

answer: Mycenaean Greece

text: Mycenaean Greece

question: What do historians credit with revitalizing Greek culture?

answer: Greek War of Independence

text: Greek War of Independence

question: The evolution of Grecian culture has evolved over what time period?

answer: thousands of years

text: thousands of years


text: The late 1980s saw a series of liberalising economic reforms within Libya designed to cope with the decline in oil revenues. In May 1987, Gaddafi announced the start of the "Revolution within a Revolution", which began with reforms to industry and agriculture and saw the re-opening of small business. Restrictions were placed on the activities of the Revolutionary Committees; in March 1988, their role was narrowed by the newly created Ministry for Mass Mobilization and Revolutionary Leadership to restrict their violence and judicial role, while in August 1988 Gaddafi publicly criticised them, asserting that "they deviated, harmed, tortured" and that "the true revolutionary does not practise repression." In March, hundreds of political prisoners were freed, with Gaddafi falsely claiming that there were no further political prisoners in Libya. In June, Libya's government issued the Great Green Charter on Human Rights in the Era of the Masses, in which 27 articles laid out goals, rights and guarantees to improve the situation of human rights in Libya, restricting the use of the death penalty and calling for its eventual abolition. Many of the measures suggested in the charter would be implemented the following year, although others remained inactive. Also in 1989, the government founded the Al-Gaddafi International Prize for Human Rights, to be awarded to figures from the Third World who had struggled against colonialism and imperialism; the first year's winner was South African anti-apartheid activist Nelson Mandela. From 1994 through to 1997, the government initiated cleansing committees to root out corruption, particularly in the economic sector.

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: The

text: late

text: saw

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: liberalising

text: economic

text: reforms

text: within

text: Libya

text: designed

text: to

text: cope

text: with

text: the

text: decline

text: in

text: oil

text: revenues

text: In

text: May

text: Gaddafi

text: announced

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: Revolution

text: within

text: a

text: Revolution

text: which

text: began

text: with

text: reforms

text: to

text: industry

text: and

text: agriculture

text: and

text: saw

text: the

text: re

text: opening

text: of

text: small

text: business

text: Restrictions

text: were

text: placed

text: on

text: the

text: activities

text: of

text: the

text: Revolutionary

text: Committees

text: in

text: March

text: their

text: role

text: was

text: narrowed

text: by

text: the

text: newly

text: created

text: Ministry

text: for

text: Mass

text: Mobilization

text: and

text: Revolutionary

text: Leadership

text: to

text: restrict

text: their

text: violence

text: and

text: judicial

text: role

text: while

text: in

text: August

text: Gaddafi

text: publicly

text: criticised

text: them

text: asserting

text: that

text: they

text: deviated

text: harmed

text: tortured

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: true

text: revolutionary

text: does

text: not

text: practise

text: repression

text: In

text: March

text: hundreds

text: of

text: political

text: prisoners

text: were

text: freed

text: with

text: Gaddafi

text: falsely

text: claiming

text: that

text: there

text: were

text: no

text: further

text: political

text: prisoners

text: in

text: Libya

text: In

text: June

text: Libya

text: 's

text: government

text: issued

text: the

text: Great

text: Green

text: Charter

text: on

text: Human

text: Rights

text: in

text: the

text: Era

text: of

text: the

text: Masses

text: in

text: which

text: articles

text: laid

text: out

text: goals

text: rights

text: and

text: guarantees

text: to

text: improve

text: the

text: situation

text: of

text: human

text: rights

text: in

text: Libya

text: restricting

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: death

text: penalty

text: and

text: calling

text: for

text: its

text: eventual

text: abolition

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: measures

text: suggested

text: in

text: the

text: charter

text: would

text: be

text: implemented

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: although

text: others

text: remained

text: inactive

text: Also

text: in

text: the

text: government

text: founded

text: the

text: Al

text: Gaddafi

text: International

text: Prize

text: for

text: Human

text: Rights

text: to

text: be

text: awarded

text: to

text: figures

text: from

text: the

text: Third

text: World

text: who

text: had

text: struggled

text: against

text: colonialism

text: and

text: imperialism

text: the

text: first

text: year

text: 's

text: winner

text: was

text: South

text: African

text: anti

text: apartheid

text: activist

text: Nelson

text: Mandela

text: From

text: through

text: to

text: the

text: government

text: initiated

text: cleansing

text: committees

text: to

text: root

text: out

text: corruption

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: economic

text: sector

question: In what year did the "Revolution within a Revolution" begin?

answer: 1987

question: In what year was the Ministry for Mass Mobilization and Revolutionary Leadership created?

answer: 1988

question: How many articles were contained in the Great Green Charter on Human Rights in the Era of the Masses?

answer: 27

question: Who won the Al-Gaddafi International Prize for Human Rights in 1989?

answer: Nelson Mandela

text: Nelson Mandela

question: What was Mandela's nationality?

answer: South African

text: South African


text: Environmental damage in Thuringia has been reduced to a large extent after 1990. The condition of forests, rivers and air was improved by modernizing factories, houses (decline of coal heating) and cars, and contaminated areas such as the former Uranium surface mines around Ronneburg have been remediated. Today's environmental problems are the salination of the Werra river, caused by discharges of K+S salt mines around Unterbreizbach and overfertilisation in agriculture, damaging the soil and small rivers.

title: Thuringia

title: Thuringia

text: Environmental

text: damage

text: in

text: Thuringia

text: has

text: been

text: reduced

text: to

text: a

text: large

text: extent

text: after

text: The

text: condition

text: of

text: forests

text: rivers

text: and

text: air

text: was

text: improved

text: by

text: modernizing

text: factories

text: houses

text: decline

text: of

text: coal

text: heating

text: and

text: cars

text: and

text: contaminated

text: areas

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: former

text: Uranium

text: surface

text: mines

text: around

text: Ronneburg

text: have

text: been

text: remediated

text: Today

text: 's

text: environmental

text: problems

text: are

text: the

text: salination

text: of

text: the

text: Werra

text: river

text: caused

text: by

text: discharges

text: of

text: K+S

text: salt

text: mines

text: around

text: Unterbreizbach

text: and

text: overfertilisation

text: in

text: agriculture

text: damaging

text: the

text: soil

text: and

text: small

text: rivers

question: Since when has environmental damage in Thuringia been reduced?

answer: 1990

question: What is one thing that helped to improve condition of forests, rivers and air?

answer: modernizing factories

text: modernizing factories

question: What has been done to former Uranium surface mines around Ronneburg?

answer: Uranium surface mines around Ronneburg have been remediated

text: Uranium surface mines around Ronneburg have been remediated

question: What are today's big environmental problems?

answer: the salination of the Werra river

text: the salination of the Werra river

question: What is causing the salination of the Werra river?

answer: discharges of K+S salt mines around Unterbreizbach

text: discharges of K+S salt mines around Unterbreizbach

question: When has environmental damage in Thuringia been increased since?

question: What is one thing that helped to ruin condition of forests, rivers and air?

text: modernizing factories

question: What has never been done to former Uranium surface mines around Ronneburg?

text: remediated

question: What are today's small environmental problems?

text: the salination of the Werra river

question: What is helping improve the salination of the Werra river?


text: With preceding legal institutions abolished, Gaddafi envisioned the Jamahiriya as following the Qur'an for legal guidance, adopting sharia law; he proclaimed "man-made" laws unnatural and dictatorial, only permitting Allah's law. Within a year he was backtracking, announcing that sharia was inappropriate for the Jamahiriya because it guaranteed the protection of private property, contravening The Green Book's socialism. His emphasis on placing his own work on a par with the Qur'an led conservative clerics to accuse him of shirk, furthering their opposition to his regime. In July, a border war broke out with Egypt, in which the Egyptians defeated Libya despite their technological inferiority. The conflict lasted one week before both sides agreed to sign a peace treaty that was brokered by several Arab states. That year, Gaddafi was invited to Moscow by the Soviet government in recognition of their increasing commercial relationship.

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: With

text: preceding

text: legal

text: institutions

text: abolished

text: Gaddafi

text: envisioned

text: the

text: Jamahiriya

text: as

text: following

text: the

text: Qur'an

text: for

text: legal

text: guidance

text: adopting

text: sharia

text: law

text: he

text: proclaimed

text: man

text: made

text: laws

text: unnatural

text: and

text: dictatorial

text: only

text: permitting

text: Allah

text: 's

text: law

text: Within

text: a

text: year

text: he

text: was

text: backtracking

text: announcing

text: that

text: sharia

text: was

text: inappropriate

text: for

text: the

text: Jamahiriya

text: because

text: it

text: guaranteed

text: the

text: protection

text: of

text: private

text: property

text: contravening

text: The

text: Green

text: Book

text: 's

text: socialism

text: His

text: emphasis

text: on

text: placing

text: his

text: own

text: work

text: on

text: a

text: par

text: with

text: the

text: Qur'an

text: led

text: conservative

text: clerics

text: to

text: accuse

text: him

text: of

text: shirk

text: furthering

text: their

text: opposition

text: to

text: his

text: regime

text: In

text: July

text: a

text: border

text: war

text: broke

text: out

text: with

text: Egypt

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: Egyptians

text: defeated

text: Libya

text: despite

text: their

text: technological

text: inferiority

text: The

text: conflict

text: lasted

text: one

text: week

text: before

text: both

text: sides

text: agreed

text: to

text: sign

text: a

text: peace

text: treaty

text: that

text: was

text: brokered

text: by

text: several

text: Arab

text: states

text: That

text: year

text: Gaddafi

text: was

text: invited

text: to

text: Moscow

text: by

text: the

text: Soviet

text: government

text: in

text: recognition

text: of

text: their

text: increasing

text: commercial

text: relationship

question: What book did the Jamahiriya look to for legal advice?

answer: Qur'an

text: Qur'an

question: What tenet of sharia did Gaddafi believe was incompatible with socialism?

answer: protection of private property

text: protection of private property

question: What relationship led the Soviets to invite Gaddafi to Moscow?

answer: commercial

text: commercial

question: What did conservative Muslim clerics accuse Gaddafi of?

answer: shirk

text: shirk

question: Who won a border war with Libya?

answer: Egypt

text: Egypt


text: Jews originated as a national and religious group in the Middle East during the second millennium BCE, in the part of the Levant known as the Land of Israel. The Merneptah Stele appears to confirm the existence of a people of Israel, associated with the god El, somewhere in Canaan as far back as the 13th century BCE. The Israelites, as an outgrowth of the Canaanite population, consolidated their hold with the emergence of the Kingdom of Israel, and the Kingdom of Judah. Some consider that these Canaanite sedentary Israelites melded with incoming nomadic groups known as 'Hebrews'. Though few sources in the Bible mention the exilic periods in detail, the experience of diaspora life, from the Ancient Egyptian rule over the Levant, to Assyrian Captivity and Exile, to Babylonian Captivity and Exile, to Seleucid Imperial rule, to the Roman occupation, and the historical relations between Israelites and the homeland, became a major feature of Jewish history, identity and memory.

title: Jews

title: Jews

text: Jews

text: originated

text: as

text: a

text: national

text: and

text: religious

text: group

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: during

text: the

text: second

text: millennium

text: BCE

text: in

text: the

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Levant

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Land

text: of

text: Israel

text: The

text: Merneptah

text: Stele

text: appears

text: to

text: confirm

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: a

text: people

text: of

text: Israel

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: god

text: El

text: somewhere

text: in

text: Canaan

text: as

text: far

text: back

text: as

text: the

text: century

text: BCE

text: The

text: Israelites

text: as

text: an

text: outgrowth

text: of

text: the

text: Canaanite

text: population

text: consolidated

text: their

text: hold

text: with

text: the

text: emergence

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Israel

text: and

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Judah

text: Some

text: consider

text: that

text: these

text: Canaanite

text: sedentary

text: Israelites

text: melded

text: with

text: incoming

text: nomadic

text: groups

text: known

text: as

text: Hebrews

text: Though

text: few

text: sources

text: in

text: the

text: Bible

text: mention

text: the

text: exilic

text: periods

text: in

text: detail

text: the

text: experience

text: of

text: diaspora

text: life

text: from

text: the

text: Ancient

text: Egyptian

text: rule

text: over

text: the

text: Levant

text: to

text: Assyrian

text: Captivity

text: and

text: Exile

text: to

text: Babylonian

text: Captivity

text: and

text: Exile

text: to

text: Seleucid

text: Imperial

text: rule

text: to

text: the

text: Roman

text: occupation

text: and

text: the

text: historical

text: relations

text: between

text: Israelites

text: and

text: the

text: homeland

text: became

text: a

text: major

text: feature

text: of

text: Jewish

text: history

text: identity

text: and

text: memory

question: Which group originated as a national and religious group in the Middle East during the second millennium BCE, in the part of the Levant known as the Land of Israel?

answer: Jews

text: Jews

question: Who consolidated their hold with the emergence of the Kingdom of Israel, and the kingdom of Judah?

answer: Israelites

text: Israelites

question: What were incoming nomadic groups known as?

answer: Hebrews

text: Hebrews

question: When did Jews originate as a national and religious group in the Middle East?

answer: during the second millennium BCE, in the part of the Levant known as the Land of Israel

text: during the second millennium BCE, in the part of the Levant known as the Land of Israel

question: What appears to confirm the existence of a people of Israel?

answer: The Merneptah Stele

text: The Merneptah Stele

question: What national and religious group originated in the first millennium BCE?

text: Jews

question: What confirms the existence of the Ancient Egyptians?

text: The Merneptah Stele

question: Who was an outgrowth of the Israelite population?

text: the Canaanite population

question: What was a major feature of the Babylonian history, identity, and memory?

text: the experience of diaspora life

question: When did the people of Israel cease to be associated with the god El?

text: the 13th century BCE


text: The first appearance of the term 'affirmative action' was in the National Labor Relations Act, better known as the Wagner Act, of 1935.:15 Proposed and championed by U.S. Senator Robert F. Wagner of New York, the Wagner Act was in line with President Roosevelt's goal of providing economic security to workers and other low-income groups. During this time period it was not uncommon for employers to blacklist or fire employees associated with unions. The Wagner Act allowed workers to unionize without fear of being discriminated against, and empowered a National Labor Relations Board to review potential cases of worker discrimination. In the event of discrimination, employees were to be restored to an appropriate status in the company through 'affirmative action'. While the Wagner Act protected workers and unions it did not protect minorities, who, exempting the Congress of Industrial Organizations, were often barred from union ranks.:11 This original coining of the term therefore has little to do with affirmative action policy as it is seen today, but helped set the stage for all policy meant to compensate or address an individual's unjust treatment.[citation needed]

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: The

text: first

text: appearance

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: affirmative

text: action

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: National

text: Labor

text: Relations

text: Act

text: better

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Wagner

text: Act

text: of

text: Proposed

text: and

text: championed

text: by

text: U.S.

text: Senator

text: Robert

text: F.

text: Wagner

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: the

text: Wagner

text: Act

text: was

text: in

text: line

text: with

text: President

text: Roosevelt

text: 's

text: goal

text: of

text: providing

text: economic

text: security

text: to

text: workers

text: and

text: other

text: low

text: income

text: groups

text: During

text: this

text: time

text: period

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: uncommon

text: for

text: employers

text: to

text: blacklist

text: or

text: fire

text: employees

text: associated

text: with

text: unions

text: The

text: Wagner

text: Act

text: allowed

text: workers

text: to

text: unionize

text: without

text: fear

text: of

text: being

text: discriminated

text: against

text: and

text: empowered

text: a

text: National

text: Labor

text: Relations

text: Board

text: to

text: review

text: potential

text: cases

text: of

text: worker

text: discrimination

text: In

text: the

text: event

text: of

text: discrimination

text: employees

text: were

text: to

text: be

text: restored

text: to

text: an

text: appropriate

text: status

text: in

text: the

text: company

text: through

text: affirmative

text: action

text: While

text: the

text: Wagner

text: Act

text: protected

text: workers

text: and

text: unions

text: it

text: did

text: not

text: protect

text: minorities

text: who

text: exempting

text: the

text: Congress

text: of

text: Industrial

text: Organizations

text: were

text: often

text: barred

text: from

text: union

text: This

text: original

text: coining

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: therefore

text: has

text: little

text: to

text: do

text: with

text: affirmative

text: action

text: policy

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: seen

text: today

text: but

text: helped

text: set

text: the

text: stage

text: for

text: all

text: policy

text: meant

text: to

text: compensate

text: or

text: address

text: an

text: individual

text: 's

text: unjust

text: treatment.[citation

text: needed

question: In which document did the term "affirmative action" first appear?

answer: National Labor Relations Act

text: National Labor Relations Act

question: Who was the author of the National Labor Relations Act?

answer: Senator Robert F. Wagner

text: Senator Robert F. Wagner

question: Who did employers routinely blacklist of fire?

answer: employees associated with unions

text: employees associated with unions

question: Who was able to review complaints about possible worker discrimination?

answer: National Labor Relations Board

text: National Labor Relations Board

question: Which group of people did the Wagner Act fail to protect?

answer: minorities

text: minorities

question: In which document did the term "non-affirmative action" first appear?

text: National Labor Relations Act

question: Who was the author of the National Non-Labor Relations Act?

text: U.S. Senator Robert F. Wagner

question: Who did employers routinely hire?

text: employees associated with unions

question: Who wasn't able to review complaints about possible worker discrimination?

text: National Labor Relations Board

question: Which group of people did the Wagner Act protect?

text: minorities


text: Guinea-Bissau is a member of the United Nations, African Union, Economic Community of West African States, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the Latin Union, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, La Francophonie and the South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone.

title: Guinea-Bissau

title: Guinea

title: Bissau

text: Guinea

text: Bissau

text: is

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: African

text: Union

text: Economic

text: Community

text: of

text: West

text: African

text: States

text: Organisation

text: of

text: Islamic

text: Cooperation

text: the

text: Latin

text: Union

text: Community

text: of

text: Portuguese

text: Language

text: Countries

text: La

text: Francophonie

text: and

text: the

text: South

text: Atlantic

text: Peace

text: and

text: Cooperation

text: Zone

question: What Islamic organization does Guinea-Bissau belong to?

answer: Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

text: Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

question: What Portuguese organization does Guinea-Bissau belong to?

answer: Community of Portuguese Language Countries

text: Community of Portuguese Language Countries

question: What West African organization does Guinea-Bissau belong to?

answer: Economic Community of West African States

text: Economic Community of West African States

question: What South Atlantic organization does Guinea-Bissau belong to?

answer: South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone

text: South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone

question: What Latin organization does Guinea-Bissau belong to?

answer: the Latin Union

text: the Latin Union


text: In the Treaty of Fontainebleau, the Allies exiled him to Elba, an island of 12,000 inhabitants in the Mediterranean, 20 km (12 mi) off the Tuscan coast. They gave him sovereignty over the island and allowed him to retain the title of Emperor. Napoleon attempted suicide with a pill he had carried after nearly being captured by the Russians during the retreat from Moscow. Its potency had weakened with age, however, and he survived to be exiled while his wife and son took refuge in Austria. In the first few months on Elba he created a small navy and army, developed the iron mines, and issued decrees on modern agricultural methods.

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: In

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Fontainebleau

text: the

text: Allies

text: exiled

text: him

text: to

text: Elba

text: an

text: island

text: of

text: inhabitants

text: in

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: km

text: mi

text: off

text: the

text: Tuscan

text: coast

text: They

text: gave

text: him

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: the

text: island

text: and

text: allowed

text: him

text: to

text: retain

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: Emperor

text: Napoleon

text: attempted

text: suicide

text: with

text: a

text: pill

text: he

text: had

text: carried

text: after

text: nearly

text: being

text: captured

text: by

text: the

text: Russians

text: during

text: the

text: retreat

text: from

text: Moscow

text: Its

text: potency

text: had

text: weakened

text: with

text: age

text: however

text: and

text: he

text: survived

text: to

text: be

text: exiled

text: while

text: his

text: wife

text: and

text: son

text: took

text: refuge

text: in

text: Austria

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: few

text: months

text: on

text: Elba

text: he

text: created

text: a

text: small

text: navy

text: and

text: army

text: developed

text: the

text: iron

text: mines

text: and

text: issued

text: decrees

text: on

text: modern

text: agricultural

text: methods

question: In which treaty was Napoleon exiled?

answer: the Treaty of Fontainebleau

text: the Treaty of Fontainebleau

question: What is the name of the island Napoleon was exiled to?

answer: Elba

text: Elba

question: In what sea is Elba located?

answer: the Mediterranean

text: the Mediterranean

question: The allies permitted Napoleon to keep what title?

answer: Emperor

text: Emperor

question: When Napoleon was exiled, where did his wife and son go for shelter?

answer: Austria

text: Austria


text: The most extreme case was the Soviet Union, and this model may still be followed in some countries: it was a separate service, on a par with the navy or ground force. In the Soviet Union this was called Voyska PVO, and had both fighter aircraft and ground-based systems. This was divided into two arms, PVO Strany, the Strategic Air defence Service responsible for Air Defence of the Homeland, created in 1941 and becoming an independent service in 1954, and PVO SV, Air Defence of the Ground Forces. Subsequently these became part of the air force and ground forces respectively

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: The

text: most

text: extreme

text: case

text: was

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: this

text: model

text: may

text: still

text: be

text: followed

text: in

text: some

text: countries

text: it

text: was

text: a

text: separate

text: service

text: on

text: a

text: par

text: with

text: the

text: navy

text: or

text: ground

text: force

text: In

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: this

text: was

text: called

text: Voyska

text: PVO

text: and

text: had

text: both

text: fighter

text: aircraft

text: and

text: ground

text: based

text: systems

text: This

text: was

text: divided

text: into

text: two

text: arms

text: PVO

text: Strany

text: the

text: Strategic

text: Air

text: defence

text: Service

text: responsible

text: for

text: Air

text: Defence

text: of

text: the

text: Homeland

text: created

text: in

text: and

text: becoming

text: an

text: independent

text: service

text: in

text: and

text: PVO

text: SV

text: Air

text: Defence

text: of

text: the

text: Ground

text: Forces

text: Subsequently

text: these

text: became

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: air

text: force

text: and

text: ground

text: forces

text: respectively

question: Which country had the most severe case?

answer: Soviet Union

text: Soviet Union

question: This separate service  was known as what in the Soviet Union?

answer: Voyska PVO

text: Voyska PVO

question: What two systems did Voyska PVO have?

answer: fighter aircraft and ground-based systems

text: fighter aircraft and ground-based systems

question: What year did the PVO Strany become independent?

answer: 1954

question: What was the arm that was the Air Defence of the Ground Forces?

answer: PVO SV

text: PVO SV


text: While the housing and credit bubbles were building, a series of factors caused the financial system to both expand and become increasingly fragile, a process called financialization. U.S. Government policy from the 1970s onward has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, which resulted in less oversight of activities and less disclosure of information about new activities undertaken by banks and other evolving financial institutions. Thus, policymakers did not immediately recognize the increasingly important role played by financial institutions such as investment banks and hedge funds, also known as the shadow banking system. Some experts believe these institutions had become as important as commercial (depository) banks in providing credit to the U.S. economy, but they were not subject to the same regulations.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: While

text: the

text: housing

text: and

text: credit

text: bubbles

text: were

text: building

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: factors

text: caused

text: the

text: financial

text: system

text: to

text: both

text: expand

text: and

text: become

text: increasingly

text: fragile

text: a

text: process

text: called

text: financialization

text: U.S.

text: Government

text: policy

text: from

text: the

text: onward

text: has

text: emphasized

text: deregulation

text: to

text: encourage

text: business

text: which

text: resulted

text: in

text: less

text: oversight

text: of

text: activities

text: and

text: less

text: disclosure

text: of

text: information

text: about

text: new

text: activities

text: undertaken

text: by

text: banks

text: and

text: other

text: evolving

text: financial

text: institutions

text: Thus

text: policymakers

text: did

text: not

text: immediately

text: recognize

text: the

text: increasingly

text: important

text: role

text: played

text: by

text: financial

text: institutions

text: such

text: as

text: investment

text: banks

text: and

text: hedge

text: funds

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: shadow

text: banking

text: system

text: Some

text: experts

text: believe

text: these

text: institutions

text: had

text: become

text: as

text: important

text: as

text: commercial

text: depository

text: banks

text: in

text: providing

text: credit

text: to

text: the

text: U.S.

text: economy

text: but

text: they

text: were

text: not

text: subject

text: to

text: the

text: same

text: regulations

question: What institutions comprise the shadow banking system?

answer: investment banks and hedge funds

text: investment banks and hedge funds

question: What institutions are not subject to the same regulations as commercial banks?

answer: investment banks and hedge funds

text: investment banks and hedge funds

question: What process caused the financial system to both expand and become fragile?

answer: financialization

text: financialization

question: What policy has U.S. Government emphasized from the 1970's onward?

answer: deregulation

text: deregulation

question: Since the 1970's, what has emphasized deregulation to encourage business, but resulted in less oversight and less disclosure?

answer: U.S. Government policy

text: U.S. Government policy


text: The company, which benefited from the imperial patronage, soon expanded its commercial trading operations, eclipsing the Portuguese Estado da Índia, which had established bases in Goa, Chittagong, and Bombay, which Portugal later ceded to England as part of the dowry of Catherine de Braganza. The East India Company also launched a joint attack with the Dutch United East India Company on Portuguese and Spanish ships off the coast of China, which helped secure their ports in China. The company established trading posts in Surat (1619), Madras (1639), Bombay (1668), and Calcutta (1690). By 1647, the company had 23 factories, each under the command of a factor or master merchant and governor if so chosen, and 90 employees in India. The major factories became the walled forts of Fort William in Bengal, Fort St George in Madras, and Bombay Castle.

title: East_India_Company

title: East_India_Company

text: The

text: company

text: which

text: benefited

text: from

text: the

text: imperial

text: patronage

text: soon

text: expanded

text: its

text: commercial

text: trading

text: operations

text: eclipsing

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Estado

text: da

text: Índia

text: which

text: had

text: established

text: bases

text: in

text: Goa

text: Chittagong

text: and

text: Bombay

text: which

text: Portugal

text: later

text: ceded

text: to

text: England

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: dowry

text: of

text: Catherine

text: de

text: Braganza

text: The

text: East

text: India

text: Company

text: also

text: launched

text: a

text: joint

text: attack

text: with

text: the

text: Dutch

text: United

text: East

text: India

text: Company

text: on

text: Portuguese

text: and

text: Spanish

text: ships

text: off

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: China

text: which

text: helped

text: secure

text: their

text: ports

text: in

text: China

text: The

text: company

text: established

text: trading

text: posts

text: in

text: Surat

text: Madras

text: Bombay

text: and

text: Calcutta

text: By

text: the

text: company

text: had

text: factories

text: each

text: under

text: the

text: command

text: of

text: a

text: factor

text: or

text: master

text: merchant

text: and

text: governor

text: if

text: so

text: chosen

text: and

text: employees

text: in

text: India

text: The

text: major

text: factories

text: became

text: the

text: walled

text: forts

text: of

text: Fort

text: William

text: in

text: Bengal

text: Fort

text: St

text: George

text: in

text: Madras

text: and

text: Bombay

text: Castle

question: when was the bombay trading post established?

answer: 1668

question: who commanded the factories owned by the East India company?

answer: factor or master merchant and governor

text: factor or master merchant and governor

question: how many employees were in the factories in India?

answer: 90

question: what were the walled forts of Fort William in Bengal, Fort St George in Madras and Bombay castle before they were forts?

answer: major factories

text: major factories

question: who helped join the East India company in a joint attack on Portuguese and Spanish ships?

answer: Dutch

text: Dutch

question: by 1647 how many factories did the company have?

answer: 23

question: the east india company changed how it did business by moving from  focusing on royal patronage to what type of business?

answer: commercial trading operations

text: commercial trading operations

question: when the east india company move to commercial  trading what  company did they surpass?

answer: Portuguese Estado da Índia

text: Portuguese Estado da Índia

question: The top or most important factories had what  physical feature in  common?

answer: walled forts

text: walled forts

question: When was the Bombay trading post destroyed?

question: How many factories did the company lose by 1647?

question: Who commanded the factories owned by the North India company?

text: factor or master merchant and governor

question: How many fish were in the factories in India?

question: Who helped join the North India company in a joint attack on Portuguese and German ships?

text: Dutch


text: In 2008, State Council established a counterpart support plan (《汶川地震灾后恢复重建对口支援方案》). The plan is to arrange 19 eastern and central province and municipalitie to help 18 counties, on "one province to one affected county" basis. The plan spanned 3 years, and cost no less than one percent of the province or municipality's budget.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: In

text: State

text: Council

text: established

text: a

text: counterpart

text: support

text: plan

text: 汶川地震灾后恢复重建对口支援方案

text: The

text: plan

text: is

text: to

text: arrange

text: eastern

text: and

text: central

text: province

text: and

text: municipalitie

text: to

text: help

text: counties

text: on

text: one

text: province

text: to

text: one

text: affected

text: county

text: basis

text: The

text: plan

text: spanned

text: years

text: and

text: cost

text: no

text: less

text: than

text: one

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: or

text: municipality

text: 's

text: budget

question: What did the State Council establish in 2008?

answer: a counterpart support plan

text: a counterpart support plan

question: How long did the plan last?

answer: 3 years

text: 3 years

question: What did the state council set up in 2008?

answer: counterpart support plan

text: counterpart support plan

question: What is the basis for this plan?

answer: one province to one affected county

text: one province to one affected county

question: How long is the plan due to last?

answer: 3 years

text: 3 years

question: What is the cost per province's budget?

answer: one percent

text: one percent


text: In the decades since Furman, new questions have emerged about whether or not prosecutorial arbitrariness has replaced sentencing arbitrariness. A study by Pepperdine University School of Law published in Temple Law Review, "Unpredictable Doom and Lethal Injustice: An Argument for Greater Transparency in Death Penalty Decisions," surveyed the decision-making process among prosecutors in various states. The authors found that prosecutors' capital punishment filing decisions remain marked by local "idiosyncrasies," suggesting they are not in keeping with the spirit of the Supreme Court's directive. This means that "the very types of unfairness that the Supreme Court sought to eliminate" may still "infect capital cases." Wide prosecutorial discretion remains because of overly broad criteria. California law, for example, has 22 "special circumstances," making nearly all premeditated murders potential capital cases. The 32 death penalty states have varying numbers and types of "death qualifiers" – circumstances that allow for capital charges. The number varies from a high of 34 in California to 22 in Colorado and Delaware to 12 in Texas, Nebraska, Georgia and Montana. The study's authors call for reform of state procedures along the lines of reforms in the federal system, which the U.S. Department of Justice initiated with a 1995 protocol. Crimes subject to the death penalty vary by jurisdiction. All jurisdictions that use capital punishment designate the highest grade of murder a capital crime, although most jurisdictions require aggravating circumstances. Treason against the United States, as well as treason against the states of Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Missouri are capital offenses.

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

text: In

text: the

text: decades

text: since

text: Furman

text: new

text: questions

text: have

text: emerged

text: about

text: whether

text: or

text: not

text: prosecutorial

text: arbitrariness

text: has

text: replaced

text: sentencing

text: arbitrariness

text: A

text: study

text: by

text: Pepperdine

text: University

text: School

text: of

text: Law

text: published

text: in

text: Temple

text: Law

text: Review

text: Unpredictable

text: Doom

text: and

text: Lethal

text: Injustice

text: An

text: Argument

text: for

text: Greater

text: Transparency

text: in

text: Death

text: Penalty

text: Decisions

text: surveyed

text: the

text: decision

text: making

text: process

text: among

text: prosecutors

text: in

text: various

text: states

text: The

text: authors

text: found

text: that

text: prosecutors

text: capital

text: punishment

text: filing

text: decisions

text: remain

text: marked

text: by

text: local

text: idiosyncrasies

text: suggesting

text: they

text: are

text: not

text: in

text: keeping

text: with

text: the

text: spirit

text: of

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: 's

text: directive

text: This

text: means

text: that

text: the

text: very

text: types

text: of

text: unfairness

text: that

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: sought

text: to

text: eliminate

text: may

text: still

text: infect

text: capital

text: cases

text: Wide

text: prosecutorial

text: discretion

text: remains

text: because

text: of

text: overly

text: broad

text: criteria

text: California

text: law

text: for

text: example

text: has

text: special

text: circumstances

text: making

text: nearly

text: all

text: premeditated

text: murders

text: potential

text: capital

text: cases

text: The

text: death

text: penalty

text: states

text: have

text: varying

text: numbers

text: and

text: types

text: of

text: death

text: qualifiers

text: circumstances

text: that

text: allow

text: for

text: capital

text: charges

text: The

text: number

text: varies

text: from

text: a

text: high

text: of

text: in

text: California

text: to

text: in

text: Colorado

text: and

text: Delaware

text: to

text: in

text: Texas

text: Nebraska

text: Georgia

text: and

text: Montana

text: The

text: study

text: 's

text: authors

text: call

text: for

text: reform

text: of

text: state

text: procedures

text: along

text: the

text: lines

text: of

text: reforms

text: in

text: the

text: federal

text: system

text: which

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Department

text: of

text: Justice

text: initiated

text: with

text: a

text: protocol

text: Crimes

text: subject

text: to

text: the

text: death

text: penalty

text: vary

text: by

text: jurisdiction

text: All

text: jurisdictions

text: that

text: use

text: capital

text: punishment

text: designate

text: the

text: highest

text: grade

text: of

text: murder

text: a

text: capital

text: crime

text: although

text: most

text: jurisdictions

text: require

text: aggravating

text: circumstances

text: Treason

text: against

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: treason

text: against

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: Arkansas

text: California

text: Georgia

text: Louisiana

text: Mississippi

text: and

text: Missouri

text: are

text: capital

text: offenses

question: What University studied "Predictable Doom"?

text: Pepperdine University

question: How many cases are not special circumstances in California?

question: What happened in 1997?


text: As sun-god and god of light, Apollo was also known by the epithets Aegletes (/əˈɡliːtiːz/ ə-GLEE-teez; Αἰγλήτης, Aiglētēs, from αἴγλη, "light of the sun"), Helius (/ˈhiːliəs/ HEE-lee-əs; Ἥλιος, Helios, literally "sun"), Phanaeus (/fəˈniːəs/ fə-NEE-əs; Φαναῖος, Phanaios, literally "giving or bringing light"), and Lyceus (/laɪˈsiːəs/ ly-SEE-əs; Λύκειος, Lykeios, from Proto-Greek *λύκη, "light"). The meaning of the epithet "Lyceus" later became associated with Apollo's mother Leto, who was the patron goddess of Lycia (Λυκία) and who was identified with the wolf (λύκος), earning him the epithets Lycegenes (/laɪˈsɛdʒəniːz/ ly-SEJ-ə-neez; Λυκηγενής, Lukēgenēs, literally "born of a wolf" or "born of Lycia") and Lycoctonus (/laɪˈkɒktənəs/ ly-KOK-tə-nəs; Λυκοκτόνος, Lykoktonos, from λύκος, "wolf", and κτείνειν, "to kill"). As god of the sun, Apollo was called Sol (/ˈsɒl/ SOL, literally "sun" in Latin) by the Romans.

title: Apollo

title: Apollo

text: As

text: sun

text: god

text: and

text: god

text: of

text: light

text: Apollo

text: was

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: epithets

text: Aegletes

text: /əˈɡliːtiːz/

text: ə

text: GLEE

text: teez

text: Αἰγλήτης

text: Aiglētēs

text: from

text: αἴγλη

text: light

text: of

text: the

text: sun

text: Helius

text: /ˈhiːliəs/

text: HEE

text: lee

text: əs

text: Ἥλιος

text: Helios

text: literally

text: sun

text: Phanaeus

text: /fəˈniːəs/

text: fə

text: NEE

text: əs

text: Φαναῖος

text: Phanaios

text: literally

text: giving

text: or

text: bringing

text: light

text: and

text: Lyceus

text: /laɪˈsiːəs/

text: ly

text: SEE

text: əs

text: Λύκειος

text: Lykeios

text: from

text: Proto

text: Greek

text: λύκη

text: light

text: The

text: meaning

text: of

text: the

text: epithet

text: Lyceus

text: later

text: became

text: associated

text: with

text: Apollo

text: 's

text: mother

text: Leto

text: who

text: was

text: the

text: patron

text: goddess

text: of

text: Lycia

text: Λυκία

text: and

text: who

text: was

text: identified

text: with

text: the

text: wolf

text: λύκος

text: earning

text: him

text: the

text: epithets

text: Lycegenes

text: /laɪˈsɛdʒəniːz/

text: ly

text: SEJ

text: ə

text: neez

text: Λυκηγενής

text: Lukēgenēs

text: literally

text: born

text: of

text: a

text: wolf

text: or

text: born

text: of

text: Lycia

text: and

text: Lycoctonus

text: /laɪˈkɒktənəs/

text: ly

text: KOK

text: tə

text: nəs

text: Λυκοκτόνος

text: Lykoktonos

text: from

text: λύκος

text: wolf

text: and

text: κτείνειν

text: to

text: kill

text: As

text: god

text: of

text: the

text: sun

text: Apollo

text: was

text: called

text: Sol

text: /ˈsɒl/

text: SOL

text: literally

text: sun

text: in

text: Latin

text: by

text: the

text: Romans

question: Who was the god of light?

answer: Apollo

text: Apollo

question: Who was the patron goddess of Lycia?

answer: Leto

text: Leto

question: What word literally means "born of a wolf?"

answer: Lukēgenēs

text: Lukēgenēs

question: Since Apollo was known as god of the sun, what was another name for Apollo?

answer: Sol

text: Sol


text: Corey Clark was disqualified during the finals for having an undisclosed police record; however, he later alleged that he and Paula Abdul had an affair while on the show and that this contributed to his expulsion. Clark also claimed that Abdul gave him preferential treatment on the show due to their affair. The allegations were dismissed by Fox after an independent investigation. Two semi-finalists were also disqualified that year – Jaered Andrews for an arrest on an assault charge, and Frenchie Davis for having previously modelled for an adult website.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: Corey

text: Clark

text: was

text: disqualified

text: during

text: the

text: finals

text: for

text: having

text: an

text: undisclosed

text: police

text: record

text: however

text: he

text: later

text: alleged

text: that

text: he

text: and

text: Paula

text: Abdul

text: had

text: an

text: affair

text: while

text: on

text: the

text: show

text: and

text: that

text: this

text: contributed

text: to

text: his

text: expulsion

text: Clark

text: also

text: claimed

text: that

text: Abdul

text: gave

text: him

text: preferential

text: treatment

text: on

text: the

text: show

text: due

text: to

text: their

text: affair

text: The

text: allegations

text: were

text: dismissed

text: by

text: Fox

text: after

text: an

text: independent

text: investigation

text: Two

text: semi

text: finalists

text: were

text: also

text: disqualified

text: that

text: year

text: Jaered

text: Andrews

text: for

text: an

text: arrest

text: on

text: an

text: assault

text: charge

text: and

text: Frenchie

text: Davis

text: for

text: having

text: previously

text: modelled

text: for

text: an

text: adult

text: website

question: Which judge did Corey Clark claim to have had an affair with?

answer: Paula Abdul

text: Paula Abdul

question: Which contestant was removed from the competition for having been a model on an adult website?

answer: Frenchie Davis

text: Frenchie Davis

question: Which contestant was removed from the competition for not revealing his police record?

answer: Corey Clark

text: Corey Clark

question: Which contestant had previously been arrested and charged with assault?

answer: Jaered Andrews

text: Jaered Andrews

question: Who was disqualified for having a police record?

answer: Corey Clark

text: Corey Clark

question: Which contestant was removed from the show for modelling for an adult website?

answer: Frenchie Davis

text: Frenchie Davis

question: Which contestant was disqualified because of an assault charge?

answer: Jaered Andrews

text: Jaered Andrews


text: Since 2005, Notre Dame has been led by John I. Jenkins, C.S.C., the 17th president of the university. Jenkins took over the position from Malloy on July 1, 2005. In his inaugural address, Jenkins described his goals of making the university a leader in research that recognizes ethics and building the connection between faith and studies. During his tenure, Notre Dame has increased its endowment, enlarged its student body, and undergone many construction projects on campus, including Compton Family Ice Arena, a new architecture hall, additional residence halls, and the Campus Crossroads, a $400m enhancement and expansion of Notre Dame Stadium.

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

text: Since

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: has

text: been

text: led

text: by

text: John

text: I.

text: Jenkins

text: C.S.C.

text: the

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: university

text: Jenkins

text: took

text: over

text: the

text: position

text: from

text: Malloy

text: on

text: July

text: In

text: his

text: inaugural

text: address

text: Jenkins

text: described

text: his

text: goals

text: of

text: making

text: the

text: university

text: a

text: leader

text: in

text: research

text: that

text: recognizes

text: ethics

text: and

text: building

text: the

text: connection

text: between

text: faith

text: and

text: studies

text: During

text: his

text: tenure

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: has

text: increased

text: its

text: endowment

text: enlarged

text: its

text: student

text: body

text: and

text: undergone

text: many

text: construction

text: projects

text: on

text: campus

text: including

text: Compton

text: Family

text: Ice

text: Arena

text: a

text: new

text: architecture

text: hall

text: additional

text: residence

text: halls

text: and

text: the

text: Campus

text: Crossroads

text: a

text: m

text: enhancement

text: and

text: expansion

text: of

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: Stadium

question: When did John Jenkins become the president of Notre Dame?

answer: 2005

question: In terms of the amount of presidents Notre Dame has had, where is John Jenkins on the list?

answer: 17th

question: Who was the Notre Dame president that preceded John Jenkins?

answer: Malloy

text: Malloy

question: Which arena was constructed under Jenkins at Notre Dame?

answer: Compton Family Ice Arena

text: Compton Family Ice Arena

question: How much money was spent on enhancing Notre Dame Stadium under John Jenkins?

answer: $400m


text: Weeks after ending the Sex Pistols, Lydon formed the experimental group Public Image Ltd and declared the project to be "anti music of any kind". Public Image and other acts such as the Pop Group and the Slits had begun experimenting with dance music, dub production techniques and the avant-garde, while punk-indebted Manchester acts such as Joy Division, The Fall and A Certain Ratio developed unique styles which drew on a similarly disparate range of influences across music and modernist literature. Bands such as Scritti Politti, Gang of Four and This Heat incorporated Leftist political philosophy and their own art school studies in their work.

title: Post-punk

title: Post

title: punk

text: Weeks

text: after

text: ending

text: the

text: Sex

text: Pistols

text: Lydon

text: formed

text: the

text: experimental

text: group

text: Public

text: Image

text: Ltd

text: and

text: declared

text: the

text: project

text: to

text: be

text: anti

text: music

text: of

text: any

text: kind

text: Public

text: Image

text: and

text: other

text: acts

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Pop

text: Group

text: and

text: the

text: Slits

text: had

text: begun

text: experimenting

text: with

text: dance

text: music

text: dub

text: production

text: techniques

text: and

text: the

text: avant

text: garde

text: while

text: punk

text: indebted

text: Manchester

text: acts

text: such

text: as

text: Joy

text: Division

text: The

text: Fall

text: and

text: A

text: Certain

text: Ratio

text: developed

text: unique

text: styles

text: which

text: drew

text: on

text: a

text: similarly

text: disparate

text: range

text: of

text: influences

text: across

text: music

text: and

text: modernist

text: literature

text: Bands

text: such

text: as

text: Scritti

text: Politti

text: Gang

text: of

text: Four

text: and

text: This

text: Heat

text: incorporated

text: Leftist

text: political

text: philosophy

text: and

text: their

text: own

text: art

text: school

text: studies

text: in

text: their

text: work

question: Who was responsible for disbanding the Sex Pistols?

answer: Lydon

text: Lydon

question: What group declared itself to be anti-music of any kind?

answer: Public Image Ltd

text: Public Image Ltd

question: Where did Joy Division hail from?

answer: Manchester

text: Manchester

question: What type of literature contributed to Joy Division's unique style?

answer: modernist

text: modernist

question: What end of the political spectrum was the political philosophy of Gang of Four?

answer: Leftist

text: Leftist

question: What band did Johnny Rotten form after the Sex Pistols?

answer: Public Image Ltd

text: Public Image Ltd

question: What kind of group was Public Image Ltd?

answer: "anti music of any kind"

text: "anti music of any kind"

question: Which bands combined way left politics with art school studies?

answer: Scritti Politti, Gang of Four and This Heat

text: Scritti Politti, Gang of Four and This Heat

question: What are some British post-punk bands from Manchester?

answer: Joy Division, The Fall and A Certain Ratio

text: Joy Division, The Fall and A Certain Ratio

question: Which post-punk bands began to branch off into things like dub and dance music?

answer: Pop Group and the Slits

text: Pop Group and the Slits

question: What group did Lyndon start before the sex pistols?

text: Public Image Ltd

question: What the public image declare their music to be?

text: "anti music of any kind"

question: What type of literature contributed to the sex pistol style?

text: modernist literature

question: What end of the political spectrum was Joy division's political philosophy one?

text: Leftist

question: Which group supported music the most during this time?

text: Public Image Ltd

question: Which groups refused to experiment in music?

text: the Pop Group and the Slits

question: Which groups ignored Leftist political philosophy?

question: What band was formed after Public Image Ltd?

text: Sex Pistols


text: Sometimes overlooked during his life, James Lind, a physician in the British navy, performed the first scientific nutrition experiment in 1747. Lind discovered that lime juice saved sailors that had been at sea for years from scurvy, a deadly and painful bleeding disorder. Between 1500 and 1800, an estimated two million sailors had died of scurvy. The discovery was ignored for forty years, after which British sailors became known as "limeys." The essential vitamin C within citrus fruits would not be identified by scientists until 1932.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: Sometimes

text: overlooked

text: during

text: his

text: life

text: James

text: Lind

text: a

text: physician

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: navy

text: performed

text: the

text: first

text: scientific

text: nutrition

text: experiment

text: in

text: Lind

text: discovered

text: that

text: lime

text: juice

text: saved

text: sailors

text: that

text: had

text: been

text: at

text: sea

text: for

text: years

text: from

text: scurvy

text: a

text: deadly

text: and

text: painful

text: bleeding

text: disorder

text: Between

text: and

text: an

text: estimated

text: two

text: million

text: sailors

text: had

text: died

text: of

text: scurvy

text: The

text: discovery

text: was

text: ignored

text: for

text: forty

text: years

text: after

text: which

text: British

text: sailors

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: limeys

text: The

text: essential

text: vitamin

text: C

text: within

text: citrus

text: fruits

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: identified

text: by

text: scientists

text: until

question: When was the first nutrition experiment performed?

answer: 1747

question: What was the name of the overlooked physician that served in the British Navy?

answer: James Lind

text: James Lind

question: The juice of which fruit was determined to have helped sailors from contracting scurvy?

answer: lime

text: lime

question: How many sailors died from scurvy between the years 1500 and 1800?

answer: two million

text: two million

question: Which nickname was given to the British sailors?

answer: limeys

text: limeys


text: On leaving the University of Oxford, in 1676, Edmond Halley visited Saint Helena and set up an astronomical observatory with a 7.3-metre-long (24 ft) aerial telescope with the intention of studying stars from the Southern Hemisphere. The site of this telescope is near Saint Mathew's Church in Hutt's Gate, in the Longwood district. The 680-metre (2,230 ft) high hill there is named for him and is called Halley's Mount.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: On

text: leaving

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Oxford

text: in

text: Edmond

text: Halley

text: visited

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: and

text: set

text: up

text: an

text: astronomical

text: observatory

text: with

text: a

text: long

text: ft

text: aerial

text: telescope

text: with

text: the

text: intention

text: of

text: studying

text: stars

text: from

text: the

text: Southern

text: Hemisphere

text: The

text: site

text: of

text: this

text: telescope

text: is

text: near

text: Saint

text: Mathew

text: 's

text: Church

text: in

text: Hutt

text: 's

text: Gate

text: in

text: the

text: Longwood

text: district

text: The

text: ft

text: high

text: hill

text: there

text: is

text: named

text: for

text: him

text: and

text: is

text: called

text: Halley

text: 's

text: Mount

question: Who set up an astronomical observatory on Saint Helena?

answer: Edmond Halley

text: Edmond Halley

question: What university did Edmond Halley attend?

answer: University of Oxford

text: University of Oxford

question: How many feet was the telescope that was set up in the observatory?

answer: 24

question: What district is the telescope set up in?

answer: Longwood district

text: Longwood district

question: What hemisphere of stars did Edmond Halley want to study with the telescope?

answer: Southern

text: Southern


text: Several scholars have suggested that the Prajñāpāramitā sūtras, which are among the earliest Mahāyāna sūtras, developed among the Mahāsāṃghika along the Kṛṣṇa River in the Āndhra region of South India.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Several

text: scholars

text: have

text: suggested

text: that

text: the

text: Prajñāpāramitā

text: sūtras

text: which

text: are

text: among

text: the

text: earliest

text: Mahāyāna

text: sūtras

text: developed

text: among

text: the

text: Mahāsāṃghika

text: along

text: the

text: Kṛṣṇa

text: River

text: in

text: the

text: Āndhra

text: region

text: of

text: South

text: India

question: Which sutras are among the earliest Mahayana sutras?

answer: Prajñāpāramitā

text: Prajñāpāramitā

question: The Prajnaparamita sutras were developed along the krsna river in what region of South India?

answer: Āndhra

text: Āndhra


text: Isabelle Stengers wrote that "Whiteheadians are recruited among both philosophers and theologians, and the palette has been enriched by practitioners from the most diverse horizons, from ecology to feminism, practices that unite political struggle and spirituality with the sciences of education." Indeed, in recent decades attention to Whitehead's work has become more widespread, with interest extending to intellectuals in Europe and China, and coming from such diverse fields as ecology, physics, biology, education, economics, and psychology. One of the first theologians to attempt to interact with Whitehead's thought was the future Archbishop of Canterbury, William Temple. In Temple's Gifford Lectures of 1932-1934 (subsequently published as "Nature, Man and God"), Whitehead is one of a number of philosophers of the emergent evolution approach Temple interacts with. However, it was not until the 1970s and 1980s that Whitehead's thought drew much attention outside of a small group of philosophers and theologians, primarily Americans, and even today he is not considered especially influential outside of relatively specialized circles.

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

text: Isabelle

text: Stengers

text: wrote

text: that

text: Whiteheadians

text: are

text: recruited

text: among

text: both

text: philosophers

text: and

text: theologians

text: and

text: the

text: palette

text: has

text: been

text: enriched

text: by

text: practitioners

text: from

text: the

text: most

text: diverse

text: horizons

text: from

text: ecology

text: to

text: feminism

text: practices

text: that

text: unite

text: political

text: struggle

text: and

text: spirituality

text: with

text: the

text: sciences

text: of

text: education

text: Indeed

text: in

text: recent

text: decades

text: attention

text: to

text: Whitehead

text: 's

text: work

text: has

text: become

text: more

text: widespread

text: with

text: interest

text: extending

text: to

text: intellectuals

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: China

text: and

text: coming

text: from

text: such

text: diverse

text: fields

text: as

text: ecology

text: physics

text: biology

text: education

text: economics

text: and

text: psychology

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: theologians

text: to

text: attempt

text: to

text: interact

text: with

text: Whitehead

text: 's

text: thought

text: was

text: the

text: future

text: Archbishop

text: of

text: Canterbury

text: William

text: Temple

text: In

text: Temple

text: 's

text: Gifford

text: Lectures

text: of

text: subsequently

text: published

text: as

text: Nature

text: Man

text: and

text: God

text: Whitehead

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: philosophers

text: of

text: the

text: emergent

text: evolution

text: approach

text: Temple

text: interacts

text: with

text: However

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: until

text: the

text: and

text: that

text: Whitehead

text: 's

text: thought

text: drew

text: much

text: attention

text: outside

text: of

text: a

text: small

text: group

text: of

text: philosophers

text: and

text: theologians

text: primarily

text: Americans

text: and

text: even

text: today

text: he

text: is

text: not

text: considered

text: especially

text: influential

text: outside

text: of

text: relatively

text: specialized

text: circles

question: According to Isabelle Stengers, what are unifying factors in diverse practices (like ecology and feminism) that have become interested in Whitehead's work?

answer: practices that unite political struggle and spirituality with the sciences of education

text: practices that unite political struggle and spirituality with the sciences of education

question: In what areas of the world has interest in Whitehead's work spread in recent decades?

answer: Europe and China

text: Europe and China

question: What other fields have shown more recent interest in Whitehead's work?

answer: ecology, physics, biology, education, economics, and psychology

text: ecology, physics, biology, education, economics, and psychology

question: Who was one of the first theologians to try to interact with Whitehead's ideas?

answer: William Temple

text: William Temple

question: What was the basis for "Nature, Man and God"?

answer: Temple's Gifford Lectures of 1932-1934

text: Temple's Gifford Lectures of 1932-1934

question: According to Isabelle Stengers, what are non unifying factors in diverse practices (like ecology and feminism) that have become interested in Whitehead's work?

question: In what areas of the world has interest in Whitehead's work spread in past decades?

text: Europe and China

question: What other fields have shown less recent interest in Whitehead's work?

question: Who was one of the last theologians to try to interact with Whitehead's ideas?

text: William Temple


text: In 1913, Elmer McCollum discovered the first vitamins, fat-soluble vitamin A, and water-soluble vitamin B (in 1915; now known to be a complex of several water-soluble vitamins) and named vitamin C as the then-unknown substance preventing scurvy. Lafayette Mendel and Thomas Osborne also performed pioneering work on vitamins A and B. In 1919, Sir Edward Mellanby incorrectly identified rickets as a vitamin A deficiency because he could cure it in dogs with cod liver oil. In 1922, McCollum destroyed the vitamin A in cod liver oil, but found that it still cured rickets. Also in 1922, H.M. Evans and L.S. Bishop discover vitamin E as essential for rat pregnancy, originally calling it "food factor X" until 1925.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: In

text: Elmer

text: McCollum

text: discovered

text: the

text: first

text: vitamins

text: fat

text: soluble

text: vitamin

text: A

text: and

text: water

text: soluble

text: vitamin

text: B

text: in

text: now

text: known

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: complex

text: of

text: several

text: water

text: soluble

text: vitamins

text: and

text: named

text: vitamin

text: C

text: as

text: the

text: then

text: unknown

text: substance

text: preventing

text: scurvy

text: Lafayette

text: Mendel

text: and

text: Thomas

text: Osborne

text: also

text: performed

text: pioneering

text: work

text: on

text: vitamins

text: A

text: and

text: B.

text: In

text: Sir

text: Edward

text: Mellanby

text: incorrectly

text: identified

text: rickets

text: as

text: a

text: vitamin

text: A

text: deficiency

text: because

text: he

text: could

text: cure

text: it

text: in

text: dogs

text: with

text: cod

text: liver

text: oil

text: In

text: McCollum

text: destroyed

text: the

text: vitamin

text: A

text: in

text: cod

text: liver

text: oil

text: but

text: found

text: that

text: it

text: still

text: cured

text: rickets

text: Also

text: in

text: H.M.

text: Evans

text: and

text: L.S.

text: Bishop

text: discover

text: vitamin

text: E

text: as

text: essential

text: for

text: rat

text: pregnancy

text: originally

text: calling

text: it

text: food

text: factor

text: X

text: until

question: What was notable about the discovered vitamin A?

answer: fat-soluble

text: fat-soluble

question: Which property was vitamin B found to have?

answer: water-soluble

text: water-soluble

question: Which disease was vitamin C claimed to help prevent?

answer: scurvy

text: scurvy

question: What was cod liver oil able to help cure in dogs?

answer: rickets

text: rickets

question: What was referred to as "food factor X"?

answer: vitamin E

text: vitamin E


text: A party may claim that a treaty should be terminated, even absent an express provision, if there has been a fundamental change in circumstances. Such a change is sufficient if unforeseen, if it undermined the “essential basis” of consent by a party, if it radically transforms the extent of obligations between the parties, and if the obligations are still to be performed. A party cannot base this claim on change brought about by its own breach of the treaty. This claim also cannot be used to invalidate treaties that established or redrew political boundaries.[citation needed]

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: A

text: party

text: may

text: claim

text: that

text: a

text: treaty

text: should

text: be

text: terminated

text: even

text: absent

text: an

text: express

text: provision

text: if

text: there

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: fundamental

text: change

text: in

text: circumstances

text: Such

text: a

text: change

text: is

text: sufficient

text: if

text: unforeseen

text: if

text: it

text: undermined

text: the

text: essential

text: basis

text: of

text: consent

text: by

text: a

text: party

text: if

text: it

text: radically

text: transforms

text: the

text: extent

text: of

text: obligations

text: between

text: the

text: parties

text: and

text: if

text: the

text: obligations

text: are

text: still

text: to

text: be

text: performed

text: A

text: party

text: can

text: not

text: base

text: this

text: claim

text: on

text: change

text: brought

text: about

text: by

text: its

text: own

text: breach

text: of

text: the

text: treaty

text: This

text: claim

text: also

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: invalidate

text: treaties

text: that

text: established

text: or

text: redrew

text: political

text: boundaries.[citation

text: needed

question: What might result in a party to a treaty claiming a treaty should be terminated even absent an express provision for its termination?

answer: a fundamental change in circumstances

text: a fundamental change in circumstances

question: A party cannot base its claim of a fundamental change in circumstances if the change was brought about by what?

answer: its own breach of the treaty

text: its own breach of the treaty

question: The claim of a fundamental change in circumstances cannot be used to invalidate treaties that established or redrew what?

answer: political boundaries

text: political boundaries

question: The radical transformation of what aspect of the obligations between the parties is a necessary condition for a claim of a fundamental change in circumstances to terminate a treaty?

answer: the extent of obligations

text: the extent of obligations

question: In order to be considered a fundamental change, a change in circumstances must have been what at the time of the adoption of the treaty?

answer: unforeseen

text: unforeseen


text: The major application of uranium in the military sector is in high-density penetrators. This ammunition consists of depleted uranium (DU) alloyed with 1–2% other elements, such as titanium or molybdenum. At high impact speed, the density, hardness, and pyrophoricity of the projectile enable the destruction of heavily armored targets. Tank armor and other removable vehicle armor can also be hardened with depleted uranium plates. The use of depleted uranium became politically and environmentally contentious after the use of such munitions by the US, UK and other countries during wars in the Persian Gulf and the Balkans raised questions concerning uranium compounds left in the soil (see Gulf War Syndrome).

title: Uranium

title: Uranium

text: The

text: major

text: application

text: of

text: uranium

text: in

text: the

text: military

text: sector

text: is

text: in

text: high

text: density

text: penetrators

text: This

text: ammunition

text: consists

text: of

text: depleted

text: uranium

text: DU

text: alloyed

text: with

text: other

text: elements

text: such

text: as

text: titanium

text: or

text: molybdenum

text: At

text: high

text: impact

text: speed

text: the

text: density

text: hardness

text: and

text: pyrophoricity

text: of

text: the

text: projectile

text: enable

text: the

text: destruction

text: of

text: heavily

text: armored

text: targets

text: Tank

text: armor

text: and

text: other

text: removable

text: vehicle

text: armor

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: hardened

text: with

text: depleted

text: uranium

text: plates

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: depleted

text: uranium

text: became

text: politically

text: and

text: environmentally

text: contentious

text: after

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: such

text: munitions

text: by

text: the

text: US

text: UK

text: and

text: other

text: countries

text: during

text: wars

text: in

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: and

text: the

text: Balkans

text: raised

text: questions

text: concerning

text: uranium

text: compounds

text: left

text: in

text: the

text: soil

text: see

text: Gulf

text: War

text: Syndrome

question: What is uranium used for most often in the military?

answer: high-density penetrators

text: high-density penetrators

question: What percentage of high-density penetrators is not made up of depleted uranium?

answer: 1–2%

question: Along with titanium, what element often makes up the portion of high-density penetrators not made of depleted uranium?

answer: molybdenum

text: molybdenum

question: Along with the Balkans, in what geographical location did a war take place where the UK used depleted uranium munitions?

answer: Persian Gulf

text: Persian Gulf

question: What illness is possibly tied to the use of depleted uranium munitions?

answer: Gulf War Syndrome

text: Gulf War Syndrome

question: What is uranium used for least often in the military?

text: high-density penetrators

question: What percentage of low-density penetrators is not made up of depleted uranium?

question: Along with titanium, what element rarely makes up the portion of high-density penetrators not made of depleted uranium?

text: molybdenum

question: Along with the Balkans, in what geographical location did a war take place where the UN used depleted uranium munitions?

text: Persian Gulf

question: What illness is definitely tied to the use of depleted uranium munitions?

text: Gulf War Syndrome


text: The FIBA Africa Championship 1981 was hosted by Somalia from 15–23 December 1981. The games were played in Mogadishu, and the Somali national team received the bronze prize. Abdi Bile won the 1500 m event at the World Championships in 1987, running the fastest final 800 m of any 1,500 meter race in history. He was a two-time Olympian (1984 and 1996) and dominated the event in the late 1980s. Hussein Ahmed Salah, a Somalia-born former long-distance runner from Djibouti, won a bronze medal in the marathon at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He also won silver medals in this event at the 1987 and 1991 World Championships, as well as the 1985 IAAF World Marathon Cup. Mo Farah is a double Olympic gold medal winner and world champion, and holds the European track record for 10,000 metres, the British road record for 10,000 metres, the British indoor record in the 3000 metres, the British track record for 5000 metres and the European indoor record for 5000 metres. Mohammed Ahmed (athlete) is a Canadian long-distance runner who represented Canada in the 10,000 meter races at the 2012 Summer Olympics and the 2013 World Championships in Athletics.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: The

text: FIBA

text: Africa

text: Championship

text: was

text: hosted

text: by

text: Somalia

text: from

text: December

text: The

text: games

text: were

text: played

text: in

text: Mogadishu

text: and

text: the

text: Somali

text: national

text: team

text: received

text: the

text: bronze

text: prize

text: Abdi

text: Bile

text: won

text: the

text: m

text: event

text: at

text: the

text: World

text: Championships

text: in

text: running

text: the

text: fastest

text: final

text: m

text: of

text: any

text: meter

text: race

text: in

text: history

text: He

text: was

text: a

text: two

text: time

text: Olympian

text: and

text: and

text: dominated

text: the

text: event

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: Hussein

text: Ahmed

text: Salah

text: a

text: Somalia

text: born

text: former

text: long

text: distance

text: runner

text: from

text: Djibouti

text: won

text: a

text: bronze

text: medal

text: in

text: the

text: marathon

text: at

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: He

text: also

text: won

text: silver

text: medals

text: in

text: this

text: event

text: at

text: the

text: and

text: World

text: Championships

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: IAAF

text: World

text: Marathon

text: Cup

text: Mo

text: Farah

text: is

text: a

text: double

text: Olympic

text: gold

text: medal

text: winner

text: and

text: world

text: champion

text: and

text: holds

text: the

text: European

text: track

text: record

text: for

text: metres

text: the

text: British

text: road

text: record

text: for

text: metres

text: the

text: British

text: indoor

text: record

text: in

text: the

text: metres

text: the

text: British

text: track

text: record

text: for

text: metres

text: and

text: the

text: European

text: indoor

text: record

text: for

text: metres

text: Mohammed

text: Ahmed

text: athlete

text: is

text: a

text: Canadian

text: long

text: distance

text: runner

text: who

text: represented

text: Canada

text: in

text: the

text: meter

text: races

text: at

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: and

text: the

text: World

text: Championships

text: in

text: Athletics

question: When did the 1981 FIBA African Championship take place?

answer: 15–23 December 1981

text: 15–23 December 1981

question: Who hosted the 1981 FIBA African Championship?

answer: Somalia

text: Somalia

question: In what city did the 1981 FIBA African Championship take place?

answer: Mogadishu

text: Mogadishu

question: For what nation did Hussein Ahmed Salah compete?

answer: Djibouti

text: Djibouti

question: Who did Mohammed Ahmed compete for in the Olympics?

answer: Canada

text: Canada


text: "4 Minutes" was released as the album's lead single and peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot 100. It was Madonna's 37th top-ten hit on the chart—it pushed Madonna past Elvis Presley as the artist with the most top-ten hits. In the UK she retained her record for the most number-one singles for a female artist; "4 Minutes" becoming her thirteenth. At the 23rd Japan Gold Disc Awards, Madonna received her fifth Artist of the Year trophy from Recording Industry Association of Japan, the most for any artist. To further promote the album, Madonna embarked on the Sticky & Sweet Tour; her first major venture with Live Nation. With a gross of $280 million, it became the highest-grossing tour by a solo artist then, surpassing the previous record Madonna set with the Confessions Tour; it was later surpassed by Roger Waters' The Wall Live. It was extended to the next year, adding new European dates, and after it ended, the total gross was $408 million.

title: Madonna_(entertainer)

title: Madonna_(entertainer

text: Minutes

text: was

text: released

text: as

text: the

text: album

text: 's

text: lead

text: single

text: and

text: peaked

text: at

text: number

text: three

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: It

text: was

text: Madonna

text: 's

text: top

text: ten

text: hit

text: on

text: the

text: chart

text: it

text: pushed

text: Madonna

text: past

text: Elvis

text: Presley

text: as

text: the

text: artist

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: top

text: ten

text: hits

text: In

text: the

text: UK

text: she

text: retained

text: her

text: record

text: for

text: the

text: most

text: number

text: one

text: singles

text: for

text: a

text: female

text: artist

text: Minutes

text: becoming

text: her

text: thirteenth

text: At

text: the

text: Japan

text: Gold

text: Disc

text: Awards

text: Madonna

text: received

text: her

text: fifth

text: Artist

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: trophy

text: from

text: Recording

text: Industry

text: Association

text: of

text: Japan

text: the

text: most

text: for

text: any

text: artist

text: To

text: further

text: promote

text: the

text: album

text: Madonna

text: embarked

text: on

text: the

text: Sticky

text: Sweet

text: Tour

text: her

text: first

text: major

text: venture

text: with

text: Live

text: Nation

text: With

text: a

text: gross

text: of

text: million

text: it

text: became

text: the

text: highest

text: grossing

text: tour

text: by

text: a

text: solo

text: artist

text: then

text: surpassing

text: the

text: previous

text: record

text: Madonna

text: set

text: with

text: the

text: Confessions

text: Tour

text: it

text: was

text: later

text: surpassed

text: by

text: Roger

text: Waters

text: The

text: Wall

text: Live

text: It

text: was

text: extended

text: to

text: the

text: next

text: year

text: adding

text: new

text: European

text: dates

text: and

text: after

text: it

text: ended

text: the

text: total

text: gross

text: was

text: million

question: Which single was released as the album's lead single?

answer: 4 Minutes

text: 4 Minutes

question: Madonna surpassed which artist with the most top-ten hits?

answer: Elvis Presley

text: Elvis Presley

question: 4 minutes became Madonna's which number one single in the UK?

answer: thirteenth

text: thirteenth

question: What is the name of the first tour with Live Nation?

answer: Sticky & Sweet Tour

text: Sticky & Sweet Tour

question: How much did Stick and Sweet Tour grossed?

answer: $280 million,

text: $280 million,


text: Thomas Jefferson observed a tendency for "The functionaries of every government ... to command at will the liberty and property of their constituents. There is no safe deposit [for liberty and property] ... without information. Where the press is free, and every man able to read, all is safe."

title: Political_corruption

title: Political_corruption

text: Thomas

text: Jefferson

text: observed

text: a

text: tendency

text: for

text: The

text: functionaries

text: of

text: every

text: government

text: to

text: command

text: at

text: will

text: the

text: liberty

text: and

text: property

text: of

text: their

text: constituents

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: safe

text: deposit

text: for

text: liberty

text: and

text: property

text: without

text: information

text: Where

text: the

text: press

text: is

text: free

text: and

text: every

text: man

text: able

text: to

text: read

text: all

text: is

text: safe

question: According to Thomas Jefferson, when the media is free and people are literate they are what?

answer: safe

text: safe


text: The same divine agencies who caused disease or harm also had the power to avert it, and so might be placated in advance. Divine consideration might be sought to avoid the inconvenient delays of a journey, or encounters with banditry, piracy and shipwreck, with due gratitude to be rendered on safe arrival or return. In times of great crisis, the Senate could decree collective public rites, in which Rome's citizens, including women and children, moved in procession from one temple to the next, supplicating the gods.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: The

text: same

text: divine

text: agencies

text: who

text: caused

text: disease

text: or

text: harm

text: also

text: had

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: avert

text: it

text: and

text: so

text: might

text: be

text: placated

text: in

text: advance

text: Divine

text: consideration

text: might

text: be

text: sought

text: to

text: avoid

text: the

text: inconvenient

text: delays

text: of

text: a

text: journey

text: or

text: encounters

text: with

text: banditry

text: piracy

text: and

text: shipwreck

text: with

text: due

text: gratitude

text: to

text: be

text: rendered

text: on

text: safe

text: arrival

text: or

text: return

text: In

text: times

text: of

text: great

text: crisis

text: the

text: Senate

text: could

text: decree

text: collective

text: public

text: rites

text: in

text: which

text: Rome

text: 's

text: citizens

text: including

text: women

text: and

text: children

text: moved

text: in

text: procession

text: from

text: one

text: temple

text: to

text: the

text: next

text: supplicating

text: the

text: gods

question: What elements had the power of benefit or harm in Roman religion?

answer: divine agencies

text: divine agencies

question: What kind of intervention could be sought to avoid disasters?

answer: Divine

text: Divine

question: What was expected when the divine intervention benefited the patron?

answer: gratitude

text: gratitude

question: What act was decreed in times of crisis in Rome?

answer: public rites

text: public rites

question: What was the point of public procession to the god's temples?

answer: supplicating the gods

text: supplicating the gods


text: There are hundreds of distinct neighborhoods throughout the five boroughs of New York City, many with a definable history and character to call their own. If the boroughs were each independent cities, four of the boroughs (Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, and the Bronx) would be among the ten most populous cities in the United States.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: There

text: are

text: hundreds

text: of

text: distinct

text: neighborhoods

text: throughout

text: the

text: five

text: boroughs

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: many

text: with

text: a

text: definable

text: history

text: and

text: character

text: to

text: call

text: their

text: own

text: If

text: the

text: boroughs

text: were

text: each

text: independent

text: cities

text: four

text: of

text: the

text: boroughs

text: Brooklyn

text: Queens

text: Manhattan

text: and

text: the

text: Bronx

text: would

text: be

text: among

text: the

text: ten

text: most

text: populous

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: How many of New York's boroughs would be counted among the United States' ten most populated cities if they were independent?

answer: four

text: four

question: How many boroughs does New York City have?

answer: five

text: five

question: Which four boroughs of NYC would be among the the most populous cities in the US if they were independent cities?

answer: Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, and the Bronx

text: Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, and the Bronx


text: Despite the continuing prominence of Nanjing (then known as Jiankang), the settlement of Qiantang, the former name of Hangzhou, remained one of the three major metropolitan centers in the south to provide major tax revenue to the imperial centers in the north China. The other two centers in the south were Jiankang and Chengdu. In 589, Qiangtang was raised in status and renamed Hangzhou.

title: Zhejiang

title: Zhejiang

text: Despite

text: the

text: continuing

text: prominence

text: of

text: Nanjing

text: then

text: known

text: as

text: Jiankang

text: the

text: settlement

text: of

text: Qiantang

text: the

text: former

text: name

text: of

text: Hangzhou

text: remained

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: major

text: metropolitan

text: centers

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: to

text: provide

text: major

text: tax

text: revenue

text: to

text: the

text: imperial

text: centers

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: China

text: The

text: other

text: two

text: centers

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: were

text: Jiankang

text: and

text: Chengdu

text: In

text: Qiangtang

text: was

text: raised

text: in

text: status

text: and

text: renamed

text: Hangzhou

question: What was Nanjing formerly known as?

answer: Jiankang

text: Jiankang

question: What was the former name of Hangzhou?

answer: Qiantang

text: Qiantang

question: Besides Qiantang and Jiankang, what was the other major metropolitan center in the south?

answer: Chengdu

text: Chengdu

question: What year was Qiantang raised in status and renamed Hangzhou?

answer: 589

question: How many major metropolitan centers were there in the south at the time?

answer: three

text: three

question: What is Nanjing currently known as?

text: Jiankang

question: What is Jiankang formerly known as?

text: Nanjing

question: What is the current name of Hangzhou?

text: Qiantang

question: What happened in 578?


text: As a member of the European Union, Estonia is considered a high-income economy by the World Bank. The GDP (PPP) per capita of the country, a good indicator of wealth, was in 2015 $28,781 according to the IMF, between that of Slovak Republic and Lithuania, but below that of other long-time EU members such as Italy or Spain. The country is ranked 8th in the 2015 Index of Economic Freedom, and the 4th freest economy in Europe. Because of its rapid growth, Estonia has often been described as a Baltic Tiger beside Lithuania and Latvia. Beginning 1 January 2011, Estonia adopted the euro and became the 17th eurozone member state.

title: Estonia

title: Estonia

text: As

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Estonia

text: is

text: considered

text: a

text: high

text: income

text: economy

text: by

text: the

text: World

text: Bank

text: The

text: GDP

text: PPP

text: per

text: capita

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: a

text: good

text: indicator

text: of

text: wealth

text: was

text: in

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: IMF

text: between

text: that

text: of

text: Slovak

text: Republic

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: but

text: below

text: that

text: of

text: other

text: long

text: time

text: EU

text: members

text: such

text: as

text: Italy

text: or

text: Spain

text: The

text: country

text: is

text: ranked

text: in

text: the

text: Index

text: of

text: Economic

text: Freedom

text: and

text: the

text: freest

text: economy

text: in

text: Europe

text: Because

text: of

text: its

text: rapid

text: growth

text: Estonia

text: has

text: often

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: a

text: Baltic

text: Tiger

text: beside

text: Lithuania

text: and

text: Latvia

text: Beginning

text: January

text: Estonia

text: adopted

text: the

text: euro

text: and

text: became

text: the

text: eurozone

text: member

text: state

question: What institution views the economy of Estonia as high income?

answer: the World Bank

text: the World Bank

question: What was the GDP of Estonia in 2015?

answer: $28,781

question: What countries share similar levels of GDP with Estonia?

answer: Slovak Republic and Lithuania

text: Slovak Republic and Lithuania

question: Where is Estonia ranked in the 2015 Index of Economic Freedom?

answer: 8th


text: Unlike in Westminster style legislatures or as with the Senate Majority Leader, the House Majority Leader's duties and prominence vary depending upon the style and power of the Speaker of the House. Typically, the Speaker does not participate in debate and rarely votes on the floor. In some cases, Majority Leaders have been more influential than the Speaker; notably Tom DeLay who was more prominent than Speaker Dennis Hastert. In addition, Speaker Newt Gingrich delegated to Dick Armey an unprecedented level of authority over scheduling legislation on the House floor.

title: Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives

text: Unlike

text: in

text: Westminster

text: style

text: legislatures

text: or

text: as

text: with

text: the

text: Senate

text: Majority

text: Leader

text: the

text: House

text: Majority

text: Leader

text: 's

text: duties

text: and

text: prominence

text: vary

text: depending

text: upon

text: the

text: style

text: and

text: power

text: of

text: the

text: Speaker

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: Typically

text: the

text: Speaker

text: does

text: not

text: participate

text: in

text: debate

text: and

text: rarely

text: votes

text: on

text: the

text: floor

text: In

text: some

text: cases

text: Majority

text: Leaders

text: have

text: been

text: more

text: influential

text: than

text: the

text: Speaker

text: notably

text: Tom

text: DeLay

text: who

text: was

text: more

text: prominent

text: than

text: Speaker

text: Dennis

text: Hastert

text: In

text: addition

text: Speaker

text: Newt

text: Gingrich

text: delegated

text: to

text: Dick

text: Armey

text: an

text: unprecedented

text: level

text: of

text: authority

text: over

text: scheduling

text: legislation

text: on

text: the

text: House

text: floor

question: Does speaker of the House participate in dbate?

answer: Typically, the Speaker does not participate in debate

text: Typically, the Speaker does not participate in debate

question: Are snate majority leaders more influential than Speaker of the house??

answer: Majority Leaders have been more influential than the Speaker

text: Majority Leaders have been more influential than the Speaker

question: Who did Newt Gingrich delegate much authority to?

answer: Dick Armey

text: Dick Armey

question: Who was speaker of the house When Tom Delay was Majority leader?

answer: Dennis Hastert

text: Dennis Hastert

question: How much authority did Tom Delay delegate to Dick Armey?

text: an unprecedented level

question: What did Tom Delay give Dick Armey the authority over on the House floor?

text: scheduling legislation

question: What does the Senate Majority Leader not do typically?

text: participate in debate

question: Who was Dennis Hastert more prominent than?

text: Tom DeLay

question: What are the Majority Leader's duties in Westminster?