text: According to the Sixth China Census, the total population of the City of Nanjing reached 8.005 million in 2010. The statistics in 2011 estimated the total population to be 8.11 million. The birth rate was 8.86 percent and the death rate was 6.88 percent. The urban area had a population of 6.47 million people. The sex ratio of the city population was 107.31 males to 100 females.

title: Nanjing

title: Nanjing

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: Sixth

text: China

text: Census

text: the

text: total

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Nanjing

text: reached

text: million

text: in

text: The

text: statistics

text: in

text: estimated

text: the

text: total

text: population

text: to

text: be

text: million

text: The

text: birth

text: rate

text: was

text: percent

text: and

text: the

text: death

text: rate

text: was

text: percent

text: The

text: urban

text: area

text: had

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: million

text: people

text: The

text: sex

text: ratio

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: population

text: was

text: males

text: to

text: females

question: What was the population of Nanjing in 2010?

answer: 8.005 million

text: 8.005 million

question: What was the estimated population of Nanjing in 2011?

answer: 8.11 million

text: 8.11 million

question: How was the population figure for 2010 obtained?

answer: the Sixth China Census

text: the Sixth China Census

question: What was Nanjing's birth rate?

answer: 8.86 percent

text: 8.86 percent

question: How many people were considered to be living in the urban portion of Nanjing?

answer: 6.47 million

text: 6.47 million


text: Numerous regional transportation projects have occurred in recent years to mitigate congestion in San Diego. Notable efforts are improvements to San Diego freeways, expansion of San Diego Airport, and doubling the capacity of the cruise ship terminal of the port. Freeway projects included expansion of Interstates 5 and 805 around "The Merge," a rush-hour spot where the two freeways meet. Also, an expansion of Interstate 15 through the North County is underway with the addition of high-occupancy-vehicle (HOV) "managed lanes". There is a tollway (The South Bay Expressway) connecting SR 54 and Otay Mesa, near the Mexican border. According to a 2007 assessment, 37 percent of streets in San Diego were in acceptable driving condition. The proposed budget fell $84.6 million short of bringing the city's streets to an acceptable level. Port expansions included a second cruise terminal on Broadway Pier which opened in 2010. Airport projects include expansion of Terminal 2, currently under construction and slated for completion in summer 2013.

title: San_Diego

title: San_Diego

text: Numerous

text: regional

text: transportation

text: projects

text: have

text: occurred

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: to

text: mitigate

text: congestion

text: in

text: San

text: Diego

text: Notable

text: efforts

text: are

text: improvements

text: to

text: San

text: Diego

text: freeways

text: expansion

text: of

text: San

text: Diego

text: Airport

text: and

text: doubling

text: the

text: capacity

text: of

text: the

text: cruise

text: ship

text: terminal

text: of

text: the

text: port

text: Freeway

text: projects

text: included

text: expansion

text: of

text: Interstates

text: and

text: around

text: The

text: Merge

text: a

text: rush

text: hour

text: spot

text: where

text: the

text: two

text: freeways

text: meet

text: Also

text: an

text: expansion

text: of

text: Interstate

text: through

text: the

text: North

text: County

text: is

text: underway

text: with

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: high

text: occupancy

text: vehicle

text: HOV

text: managed

text: lanes

text: There

text: is

text: a

text: tollway

text: The

text: South

text: Bay

text: Expressway

text: connecting

text: SR

text: and

text: Otay

text: Mesa

text: near

text: the

text: Mexican

text: border

text: According

text: to

text: a

text: assessment

text: percent

text: of

text: streets

text: in

text: San

text: Diego

text: were

text: in

text: acceptable

text: driving

text: condition

text: The

text: proposed

text: budget

text: fell

text: million

text: short

text: of

text: bringing

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: streets

text: to

text: an

text: acceptable

text: level

text: Port

text: expansions

text: included

text: a

text: second

text: cruise

text: terminal

text: on

text: Broadway

text: Pier

text: which

text: opened

text: in

text: Airport

text: projects

text: include

text: expansion

text: of

text: Terminal

text: currently

text: under

text: construction

text: and

text: slated

text: for

text: completion

text: in

text: summer

question: What is the name given to the highly congested spot where Interstates 5 and 805 meet?

answer: The Merge

text: The Merge

question: What tollway connects Otay Mesa with SR 54?

answer: The South Bay Expressway

text: The South Bay Expressway

question: Which terminal was expanded in the San Diego International Airport in 2013?

answer: Terminal 2

text: Terminal 2

question: What type of special lanes were added to Interstate 15?

answer: high-occupancy-vehicle (HOV) "managed lanes"

text: high-occupancy-vehicle (HOV) "managed lanes"

question: In 2007, what percentage of the roads in San Diego were considered acceptable?

answer: 37 percent

text: 37 percent

question: What is the name given to the highly congested spot where Interstates 85 and 805 meet?

text: The Merge

question: What tollway connects Otay Mesa with SR 45?

text: The South Bay Expressway

question: Which terminal was expanded in the San Diego International Airport in 2003?

text: Terminal 2

question: What type of special lanes were added to Interstate 51?

text: 37 percent

question: In 2017, what percentage of the roads in San Diego were considered acceptable?

text: 37 percent


text: During the 1760s and early 1770s, relations between the Thirteen Colonies and Britain became increasingly strained, primarily because of resentment of the British Parliament's attempts to govern and tax American colonists without their consent. This was summarised at the time by the slogan "No taxation without representation", a perceived violation of the guaranteed Rights of Englishmen. The American Revolution began with rejection of Parliamentary authority and moves towards self-government. In response Britain sent troops to reimpose direct rule, leading to the outbreak of war in 1775. The following year, in 1776, the United States declared independence. The entry of France to the war in 1778 tipped the military balance in the Americans' favour and after a decisive defeat at Yorktown in 1781, Britain began negotiating peace terms. American independence was acknowledged at the Peace of Paris in 1783.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: During

text: the

text: and

text: early

text: relations

text: between

text: the

text: Thirteen

text: Colonies

text: and

text: Britain

text: became

text: increasingly

text: strained

text: primarily

text: because

text: of

text: resentment

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Parliament

text: 's

text: attempts

text: to

text: govern

text: and

text: tax

text: American

text: colonists

text: without

text: their

text: consent

text: This

text: was

text: summarised

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: by

text: the

text: slogan

text: No

text: taxation

text: without

text: representation

text: a

text: perceived

text: violation

text: of

text: the

text: guaranteed

text: Rights

text: of

text: Englishmen

text: The

text: American

text: Revolution

text: began

text: with

text: rejection

text: of

text: Parliamentary

text: authority

text: and

text: moves

text: towards

text: self

text: government

text: In

text: response

text: Britain

text: sent

text: troops

text: to

text: reimpose

text: direct

text: rule

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: outbreak

text: of

text: war

text: in

text: The

text: following

text: year

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: declared

text: independence

text: The

text: entry

text: of

text: France

text: to

text: the

text: war

text: in

text: tipped

text: the

text: military

text: balance

text: in

text: the

text: Americans

text: favour

text: and

text: after

text: a

text: decisive

text: defeat

text: at

text: Yorktown

text: in

text: Britain

text: began

text: negotiating

text: peace

text: terms

text: American

text: independence

text: was

text: acknowledged

text: at

text: the

text: Peace

text: of

text: Paris

text: in

question: British relations with which area became strained in the 1760s-1770s?

answer: the Thirteen Colonies

text: the Thirteen Colonies

question: What was the American colonists' anti-tax slogan?

answer: "No taxation without representation"

text: "No taxation without representation"

question: When did the US declare independence?

answer: 1776

question: When did France enter the American Revolution war?

answer: 1778

question: When did Britain recognize American independence?

answer: 1783


text: The music of the Romantic era, from roughly the first decade of the 19th century to the early 20th century, was characterized by increased attention to an extended melodic line, as well as expressive and emotional elements, paralleling romanticism in other art forms. Musical forms began to break from the Classical era forms (even as those were being codified), with free-form pieces like nocturnes, fantasias, and preludes being written where accepted ideas about the exposition and development of themes were ignored or minimized. The music became more chromatic, dissonant, and tonally colorful, with tensions (with respect to accepted norms of the older forms) about key signatures increasing. The art song (or Lied) came to maturity in this era, as did the epic scales of grand opera, ultimately transcended by Richard Wagner's Ring cycle.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: The

text: music

text: of

text: the

text: Romantic

text: era

text: from

text: roughly

text: the

text: first

text: decade

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: was

text: characterized

text: by

text: increased

text: attention

text: to

text: an

text: extended

text: melodic

text: line

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: expressive

text: and

text: emotional

text: elements

text: paralleling

text: romanticism

text: in

text: other

text: art

text: forms

text: Musical

text: forms

text: began

text: to

text: break

text: from

text: the

text: Classical

text: era

text: forms

text: even

text: as

text: those

text: were

text: being

text: codified

text: with

text: free

text: form

text: pieces

text: like

text: nocturnes

text: fantasias

text: and

text: preludes

text: being

text: written

text: where

text: accepted

text: ideas

text: about

text: the

text: exposition

text: and

text: development

text: of

text: themes

text: were

text: ignored

text: or

text: minimized

text: The

text: music

text: became

text: more

text: chromatic

text: dissonant

text: and

text: tonally

text: colorful

text: with

text: tensions

text: with

text: respect

text: to

text: accepted

text: norms

text: of

text: the

text: older

text: forms

text: about

text: key

text: signatures

text: increasing

text: The

text: art

text: song

text: or

text: Lied

text: came

text: to

text: maturity

text: in

text: this

text: era

text: as

text: did

text: the

text: epic

text: scales

text: of

text: grand

text: opera

text: ultimately

text: transcended

text: by

text: Richard

text: Wagner

text: 's

text: Ring

text: cycle

question: Increased attention to extended melodic lines characterized what era?

answer: Romantic

text: Romantic

question: When did the Romantic era end?

answer: the early 20th century

text: the early 20th century

question: Free-form pieces like nocturnes and preludes were a break from what era?

answer: Classical

text: Classical

question: Tensions about what increased during the Romantic era?

answer: key signatures

text: key signatures

question: What is a name for an art song?

answer: Lied

text: Lied


text: During the early years, MCA also manufactured discs for other companies including Paramount, Disney and Warner Bros. Some of them added their own names to the disc jacket to signify that the movie was not owned by MCA. After Discovision Associates shut down in early 1982, Universal Studio's videodisc software label, called MCA Videodisc until 1984, began reissuing many DiscoVision titles. Unfortunately, quite a few, such as Battlestar Galactica and Jaws, were time-compressed versions of their CAV or CLV Disco Vision originals. The time-compressed CLV re-issue of Jaws no longer had the original soundtrack, having had incidental background music replaced for the video disc version due to licensing cost (the music would not be available until the THX LaserDisc box set was released in 1995). One Universal/Columbia co-production issued by MCA Disco Vision in both CAV and CLV versions, The Electric Horseman, is still not available in any other home video format with its original score intact; even the most recent DVD release has had substantial music replacements of both instrumental score and Willie Nelson's songs. An MCA release of Universal's Howard the Duck, sees only the start credits shown in widescreen before changing to 4:3 for the rest of the film. For many years this was the only disc-based release of the film, until widescreen DVD formats were released with extras. Also, the LaserDisc release of E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is the only format to include the cut scene of Harrison Ford playing the part of the school headmaster telling off Elliott for letting the frogs free in the biology class.

title: LaserDisc

title: LaserDisc

text: During

text: the

text: early

text: years

text: MCA

text: also

text: manufactured

text: discs

text: for

text: other

text: companies

text: including

text: Paramount

text: Disney

text: and

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: Some

text: of

text: them

text: added

text: their

text: own

text: names

text: to

text: the

text: disc

text: jacket

text: to

text: signify

text: that

text: the

text: movie

text: was

text: not

text: owned

text: by

text: MCA

text: After

text: Discovision

text: Associates

text: shut

text: down

text: in

text: early

text: Universal

text: Studio

text: 's

text: videodisc

text: software

text: label

text: called

text: MCA

text: Videodisc

text: until

text: began

text: reissuing

text: many

text: DiscoVision

text: titles

text: Unfortunately

text: quite

text: a

text: few

text: such

text: as

text: Battlestar

text: Galactica

text: and

text: Jaws

text: were

text: time

text: compressed

text: versions

text: of

text: their

text: CAV

text: or

text: CLV

text: Disco

text: Vision

text: originals

text: The

text: time

text: compressed

text: CLV

text: re

text: issue

text: of

text: Jaws

text: no

text: longer

text: had

text: the

text: original

text: soundtrack

text: having

text: had

text: incidental

text: background

text: music

text: replaced

text: for

text: the

text: video

text: disc

text: version

text: due

text: to

text: licensing

text: cost

text: the

text: music

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: available

text: until

text: the

text: THX

text: LaserDisc

text: box

text: set

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: One

text: Universal

text: Columbia

text: co

text: production

text: issued

text: by

text: MCA

text: Disco

text: Vision

text: in

text: both

text: CAV

text: and

text: CLV

text: versions

text: The

text: Electric

text: Horseman

text: is

text: still

text: not

text: available

text: in

text: any

text: other

text: home

text: video

text: format

text: with

text: its

text: original

text: score

text: intact

text: even

text: the

text: most

text: recent

text: DVD

text: release

text: has

text: had

text: substantial

text: music

text: replacements

text: of

text: both

text: instrumental

text: score

text: and

text: Willie

text: Nelson

text: 's

text: songs

text: An

text: MCA

text: release

text: of

text: Universal

text: 's

text: Howard

text: the

text: Duck

text: sees

text: only

text: the

text: start

text: credits

text: shown

text: in

text: widescreen

text: before

text: changing

text: to

text: for

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: For

text: many

text: years

text: this

text: was

text: the

text: only

text: disc

text: based

text: release

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: until

text: widescreen

text: DVD

text: formats

text: were

text: released

text: with

text: extras

text: Also

text: the

text: LaserDisc

text: release

text: of

text: E.T.

text: the

text: Extra

text: Terrestrial

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: format

text: to

text: include

text: the

text: cut

text: scene

text: of

text: Harrison

text: Ford

text: playing

text: the

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: school

text: headmaster

text: telling

text: off

text: Elliott

text: for

text: letting

text: the

text: frogs

text: free

text: in

text: the

text: biology

text: class

question: What other companies did MCA manufacture discs for?

answer: Paramount, Disney and Warner Bros

text: Paramount, Disney and Warner Bros

question: What quirk is present in MCA's release of Howard the Duck?

answer: only the start credits shown in widescreen before changing to 4:3 for the rest of the film

text: only the start credits shown in widescreen before changing to 4:3 for the rest of the film

question: What is unique about the LaserDisc release of E.T.?

answer: only format to include the cut scene of Harrison Ford playing the part of the school headmaster

text: only format to include the cut scene of Harrison Ford playing the part of the school headmaster

question: Which film is only available with its original score in LD format , even today?

answer: The Electric Horseman

text: The Electric Horseman


text: Since these problems surfaced, Microsoft has attempted to modify the console to improve its reliability. Modifications include a reduction in the number, size, and placement of components, the addition of dabs of epoxy on the corners and edges of the CPU and GPU as glue to prevent movement relative to the board during heat expansion, and a second GPU heatsink to dissipate more heat. With the release of the redesigned Xbox 360 S, the warranty for the newer models does not include the three-year extended coverage for "General Hardware Failures". The newer Xbox 360 S model indicates system overheating when the console's power button begins to flash red, unlike previous models where the first and third quadrant of the ring would light up red around the power button if overheating occurred. The system will then warn the user of imminent system shutdown until the system has cooled, whereas a flashing power button that alternates between green and red is an indication of a "General Hardware Failure" unlike older models where three of the quadrants would light up red.

title: Xbox_360

title: Xbox_360

text: Since

text: these

text: problems

text: surfaced

text: Microsoft

text: has

text: attempted

text: to

text: modify

text: the

text: console

text: to

text: improve

text: its

text: reliability

text: Modifications

text: include

text: a

text: reduction

text: in

text: the

text: number

text: size

text: and

text: placement

text: of

text: components

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: dabs

text: of

text: epoxy

text: on

text: the

text: corners

text: and

text: edges

text: of

text: the

text: CPU

text: and

text: GPU

text: as

text: glue

text: to

text: prevent

text: movement

text: relative

text: to

text: the

text: board

text: during

text: heat

text: expansion

text: and

text: a

text: second

text: GPU

text: heatsink

text: to

text: dissipate

text: more

text: heat

text: With

text: the

text: release

text: of

text: the

text: redesigned

text: Xbox

text: S

text: the

text: warranty

text: for

text: the

text: newer

text: models

text: does

text: not

text: include

text: the

text: three

text: year

text: extended

text: coverage

text: for

text: General

text: Hardware

text: Failures

text: The

text: newer

text: Xbox

text: S

text: model

text: indicates

text: system

text: overheating

text: when

text: the

text: console

text: 's

text: power

text: button

text: begins

text: to

text: flash

text: red

text: unlike

text: previous

text: models

text: where

text: the

text: first

text: and

text: third

text: quadrant

text: of

text: the

text: ring

text: would

text: light

text: up

text: red

text: around

text: the

text: power

text: button

text: if

text: overheating

text: occurred

text: The

text: system

text: will

text: then

text: warn

text: the

text: user

text: of

text: imminent

text: system

text: shutdown

text: until

text: the

text: system

text: has

text: cooled

text: whereas

text: a

text: flashing

text: power

text: button

text: that

text: alternates

text: between

text: green

text: and

text: red

text: is

text: an

text: indication

text: of

text: a

text: General

text: Hardware

text: Failure

text: unlike

text: older

text: models

text: where

text: three

text: of

text: the

text: quadrants

text: would

text: light

text: up

text: red

question: How did Microsoft modify the architecture of the 360 to reduce failure rates?

answer: a reduction in the number, size, and placement of components

text: a reduction in the number, size, and placement of components

question: What was the root cause of hardware failures with the 360?

answer: heat

text: heat

question: When the newer 360 S models have their power buttons flash red, it means?

answer: system overheating

text: system overheating

question: How does the 360 S then react to an overheating situation?

answer: imminent system shutdown until the system has cooled

text: imminent system shutdown until the system has cooled

question: How did Microsoft attempt to deal with potential heat-related expansion with GPU and CPU components?

answer: dabs of epoxy on the corners and edges

text: dabs of epoxy on the corners and edges

question: The second what was removed because of heating issues?

text: GPU heatsink

question: Which two quadrants light up on the Xbox 360 S to indicate overheating?

text: first and third quadrant

question: The third and first quadrant turn what two colors?

text: green and red

question: Where was extra epoxy placed on the models before the S?

question: What warranty does the 360 S include?


text: Somalis constitute the largest ethnic group in Somalia, at approximately 85% of the nation's inhabitants. They are traditionally nomads, but since the late 20th century, many have moved to urban areas. While most Somalis can be found in Somalia proper, large numbers also live in Ethiopia, Djibouti, Kenya, Yemen, the Middle East, South Asia and Europe due to their seafaring tradition.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: Somalis

text: constitute

text: the

text: largest

text: ethnic

text: group

text: in

text: Somalia

text: at

text: approximately

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: inhabitants

text: They

text: are

text: traditionally

text: nomads

text: but

text: since

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: many

text: have

text: moved

text: to

text: urban

text: areas

text: While

text: most

text: Somalis

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: Somalia

text: proper

text: large

text: numbers

text: also

text: live

text: in

text: Ethiopia

text: Djibouti

text: Kenya

text: Yemen

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: South

text: Asia

text: and

text: Europe

text: due

text: to

text: their

text: seafaring

text: tradition

question: What is the biggest ethnic group in Somalia?

answer: Somalis

text: Somalis

question: What percentage of Somalians are ethnic Somalis?

answer: 85%

question: During what century did the nomad lifestyle decline among Somalis?

answer: 20th

question: Why do many Somalis live in South Asia and Europe?

answer: their seafaring tradition

text: their seafaring tradition

question: Along with Djibouti and Ethiopia, in what African country outside Somalia can Somalis be found?

answer: Kenya

text: Kenya


text: Madonna was born to Catholic parents Silvio Anthony "Tony" Ciccone (b. 1931) and Madonna Louise Fortin (c. 1933 – December 1, 1963) in Bay City, Michigan, on August 16, 1958. Her father's parents were immigrants from Pacentro, Italy, while her mother was of French-Canadian ancestry. Tony worked as an engineer designer for Chrysler and General Motors. Since Madonna had the same name as her mother, family members called her "Little Nonni". She has two elder brothers, Anthony (born 1956) and Martin (born 1957), and three younger siblings, Paula (born 1959), Christopher (born 1960), and Melanie (born 1962).

title: Madonna_(entertainer)

title: Madonna_(entertainer

text: Madonna

text: was

text: born

text: to

text: Catholic

text: parents

text: Silvio

text: Anthony

text: Tony

text: Ciccone

text: b.

text: and

text: Madonna

text: Louise

text: Fortin

text: c.

text: December

text: in

text: Bay

text: City

text: Michigan

text: on

text: August

text: Her

text: father

text: 's

text: parents

text: were

text: immigrants

text: from

text: Pacentro

text: Italy

text: while

text: her

text: mother

text: was

text: of

text: French

text: Canadian

text: ancestry

text: Tony

text: worked

text: as

text: an

text: engineer

text: designer

text: for

text: Chrysler

text: and

text: General

text: Motors

text: Since

text: Madonna

text: had

text: the

text: same

text: name

text: as

text: her

text: mother

text: family

text: members

text: called

text: her

text: Little

text: Nonni

text: She

text: has

text: two

text: elder

text: brothers

text: Anthony

text: born

text: and

text: Martin

text: born

text: and

text: three

text: younger

text: siblings

text: Paula

text: born

text: Christopher

text: born

text: and

text: Melanie

text: born

question: Madonna was born to which religion?

answer: Catholic

text: Catholic

question: Where were Madonna's paternal grandparents come from?

answer: Pacentro, Italy

text: Pacentro, Italy

question: Madonna's mother was from which ancestry?

answer: French-Canadian

text: French-Canadian

question: What was Tony's occupation?

answer: engineer designer

text: engineer designer

question: What was Madonna's nickname when she was younger?

answer: Little Nonni

text: Little Nonni


text: The discovery of the element is credited to the German chemist Martin Heinrich Klaproth. While he was working in his experimental laboratory in Berlin in 1789, Klaproth was able to precipitate a yellow compound (likely sodium diuranate) by dissolving pitchblende in nitric acid and neutralizing the solution with sodium hydroxide. Klaproth assumed the yellow substance was the oxide of a yet-undiscovered element and heated it with charcoal to obtain a black powder, which he thought was the newly discovered metal itself (in fact, that powder was an oxide of uranium). He named the newly discovered element after the planet Uranus, (named after the primordial Greek god of the sky), which had been discovered eight years earlier by William Herschel.

title: Uranium

title: Uranium

text: The

text: discovery

text: of

text: the

text: element

text: is

text: credited

text: to

text: the

text: German

text: chemist

text: Martin

text: Heinrich

text: Klaproth

text: While

text: he

text: was

text: working

text: in

text: his

text: experimental

text: laboratory

text: in

text: Berlin

text: in

text: Klaproth

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: precipitate

text: a

text: yellow

text: compound

text: likely

text: sodium

text: diuranate

text: by

text: dissolving

text: pitchblende

text: in

text: nitric

text: acid

text: and

text: neutralizing

text: the

text: solution

text: with

text: sodium

text: hydroxide

text: Klaproth

text: assumed

text: the

text: yellow

text: substance

text: was

text: the

text: oxide

text: of

text: a

text: yet

text: undiscovered

text: element

text: and

text: heated

text: it

text: with

text: charcoal

text: to

text: obtain

text: a

text: black

text: powder

text: which

text: he

text: thought

text: was

text: the

text: newly

text: discovered

text: metal

text: itself

text: in

text: fact

text: that

text: powder

text: was

text: an

text: oxide

text: of

text: uranium

text: He

text: named

text: the

text: newly

text: discovered

text: element

text: after

text: the

text: planet

text: Uranus

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: primordial

text: Greek

text: god

text: of

text: the

text: sky

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: discovered

text: eight

text: years

text: earlier

text: by

text: William

text: Herschel

question: Who discovered uranium?

answer: Martin Heinrich Klaproth

text: Martin Heinrich Klaproth

question: In what city was uranium discovered?

answer: Berlin

text: Berlin

question: In what year did the discovery of uranium occur?

answer: 1789

question: What did Klaproth probably create when he dissolved pitchblende in nitric acid?

answer: sodium diuranate

text: sodium diuranate

question: Who discovered the planet Uranus?

answer: William Herschel

text: William Herschel

question: Who discovered plutonium?

text: Martin Heinrich Klaproth

question: n what city wasn't uranium discovered?

text: Berlin

question: In what year didn't the discovery of uranium occur?

question: What did Klaproth definitely create when he dissolved pitchblende in nitric acid?

text: sodium diuranate

question: Who never discovered the planet Uranus?

text: William Herschel.


text: The Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai (NHK, the Japan Broadcasting Corporation) began conducting research to "unlock the fundamental mechanism of video and sound interactions with the five human senses" in 1964, after the Tokyo Olympics. NHK set out to create an HDTV system that ended up scoring much higher in subjective tests than NTSC's previously dubbed "HDTV". This new system, NHK Color, created in 1972, included 1125 lines, a 5:3 aspect ratio and 60 Hz refresh rate. The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE), headed by Charles Ginsburg, became the testing and study authority for HDTV technology in the international theater. SMPTE would test HDTV systems from different companies from every conceivable perspective, but the problem of combining the different formats plagued the technology for many years.

title: High-definition_television

title: High

title: definition_television

text: The

text: Nippon

text: Hōsō

text: Kyōkai

text: NHK

text: the

text: Japan

text: Broadcasting

text: Corporation

text: began

text: conducting

text: research

text: to

text: unlock

text: the

text: fundamental

text: mechanism

text: of

text: video

text: and

text: sound

text: interactions

text: with

text: the

text: five

text: human

text: senses

text: in

text: after

text: the

text: Tokyo

text: Olympics

text: NHK

text: set

text: out

text: to

text: create

text: an

text: HDTV

text: system

text: that

text: ended

text: up

text: scoring

text: much

text: higher

text: in

text: subjective

text: tests

text: than

text: NTSC

text: 's

text: previously

text: dubbed

text: HDTV

text: This

text: new

text: system

text: NHK

text: Color

text: created

text: in

text: included

text: lines

text: a

text: aspect

text: ratio

text: and

text: Hz

text: refresh

text: rate

text: The

text: Society

text: of

text: Motion

text: Picture

text: and

text: Television

text: Engineers

text: SMPTE

text: headed

text: by

text: Charles

text: Ginsburg

text: became

text: the

text: testing

text: and

text: study

text: authority

text: for

text: HDTV

text: technology

text: in

text: the

text: international

text: theater

text: SMPTE

text: would

text: test

text: HDTV

text: systems

text: from

text: different

text: companies

text: from

text: every

text: conceivable

text: perspective

text: but

text: the

text: problem

text: of

text: combining

text: the

text: different

text: formats

text: plagued

text: the

text: technology

text: for

text: many

text: years

question: What is the Japan Broadcasting Corporation called?

answer: Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai

text: Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai

question: What does NHK stand for in Japan?

answer: Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai

text: Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai

question: What year was NHK Color created?

answer: 1972

question: What was the aspect ratio of the NHK Color?

answer: 5:3

question: What organization became the authority on testing and studying international HDTV technology?

answer: The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE)

text: The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE)

question: What is the Chinese Broadcasting Corporation called?

text: Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai

question: What does NHK stand for in China?

text: Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai

question: What year was NHK Black and White created?

question: What was the aspect ratio of the NHK black and white?

question: What organization became the authority on testing and studying international SDTV technology?


text: College sports are also popular in North Carolina, with 18 schools competing at the Division I level. The Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) is headquartered in Greensboro, and both the ACC Football Championship Game (Charlotte) and the ACC Men's Basketball Tournament (Greensboro) were most recently held in North Carolina. College basketball in particular is very popular, buoyed by the Tobacco Road rivalries between Duke, North Carolina, North Carolina State, and Wake Forest. The ACC Championship Game and The Belk Bowl are held annually in Charlotte's Bank of America Stadium, featuring teams from the ACC and the Southeastern Conference. Additionally, the state has hosted the NCAA Men's Basketball Final Four on two occasions, in Greensboro in 1974 and in Charlotte in 1994.

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: College

text: sports

text: are

text: also

text: popular

text: in

text: North

text: Carolina

text: with

text: schools

text: competing

text: at

text: the

text: Division

text: I

text: level

text: The

text: Atlantic

text: Coast

text: Conference

text: ACC

text: is

text: headquartered

text: in

text: Greensboro

text: and

text: both

text: the

text: ACC

text: Football

text: Championship

text: Game

text: Charlotte

text: and

text: the

text: ACC

text: Men

text: 's

text: Basketball

text: Tournament

text: Greensboro

text: were

text: most

text: recently

text: held

text: in

text: North

text: Carolina

text: College

text: basketball

text: in

text: particular

text: is

text: very

text: popular

text: buoyed

text: by

text: the

text: Tobacco

text: Road

text: rivalries

text: between

text: Duke

text: North

text: Carolina

text: North

text: Carolina

text: State

text: and

text: Wake

text: Forest

text: The

text: ACC

text: Championship

text: Game

text: and

text: The

text: Belk

text: Bowl

text: are

text: held

text: annually

text: in

text: Charlotte

text: 's

text: Bank

text: of

text: America

text: Stadium

text: featuring

text: teams

text: from

text: the

text: ACC

text: and

text: the

text: Southeastern

text: Conference

text: Additionally

text: the

text: state

text: has

text: hosted

text: the

text: NCAA

text: Men

text: 's

text: Basketball

text: Final

text: Four

text: on

text: two

text: occasions

text: in

text: Greensboro

text: in

text: and

text: in

text: Charlotte

text: in

question: How many colleges compete at the Division 1 level in North Carolina?

answer: 18

question: Where is the ACC headquarters?

answer: Greensboro

text: Greensboro

question: Where were the ACC football and basketball championships recently held?

answer: North Carolina

text: North Carolina

question: What stadium host the ACC championship game and the Belk Bowl each year?

answer: Charlotte's Bank of America Stadium

text: Charlotte's Bank of America Stadium

question: How many times has North Carolina hosted the NCAA final four?

answer: two

text: two


text: On March 10, 1876, three days after his patent was issued, Bell succeeded in getting his telephone to work, using a liquid transmitter similar to Gray's design. Vibration of the diaphragm caused a needle to vibrate in the water, varying the electrical resistance in the circuit. When Bell spoke the famous sentence "Mr. Watson—Come here—I want to see you" into the liquid transmitter, Watson, listening at the receiving end in an adjoining room, heard the words clearly.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: On

text: March

text: three

text: days

text: after

text: his

text: patent

text: was

text: issued

text: Bell

text: succeeded

text: in

text: getting

text: his

text: telephone

text: to

text: work

text: using

text: a

text: liquid

text: transmitter

text: similar

text: to

text: Gray

text: 's

text: design

text: Vibration

text: of

text: the

text: diaphragm

text: caused

text: a

text: needle

text: to

text: vibrate

text: in

text: the

text: water

text: varying

text: the

text: electrical

text: resistance

text: in

text: the

text: circuit

text: When

text: Bell

text: spoke

text: the

text: famous

text: sentence

text: Mr.

text: Watson

text: Come

text: here

text: I

text: want

text: to

text: see

text: you

text: into

text: the

text: liquid

text: transmitter

text: Watson

text: listening

text: at

text: the

text: receiving

text: end

text: in

text: an

text: adjoining

text: room

text: heard

text: the

text: words

text: clearly

question: What kind of transmitter did Bell put in his telephone?

answer: liquid

text: liquid

question: How did Bell refer to his partner in his well known line?

answer: Mr. Watson

text: Mr. Watson

question: What did the vibrations cause to change?

answer: electrical resistance

text: electrical resistance


text: Bodhi and nirvana carry the same meaning, that of being freed from craving, hate, and delusion. In attaining bodhi, the arahant has overcome these obstacles. As a further distinction, the extinction of only hatred and greed (in the sensory context) with some residue of delusion, is called anagami.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Bodhi

text: and

text: nirvana

text: carry

text: the

text: same

text: meaning

text: that

text: of

text: being

text: freed

text: from

text: craving

text: hate

text: and

text: delusion

text: In

text: attaining

text: bodhi

text: the

text: arahant

text: has

text: overcome

text: these

text: obstacles

text: As

text: a

text: further

text: distinction

text: the

text: extinction

text: of

text: only

text: hatred

text: and

text: greed

text: in

text: the

text: sensory

text: context

text: with

text: some

text: residue

text: of

text: delusion

text: is

text: called

text: anagami

question: Nirvana and what term carry the same meaning?

answer: Bodhi

text: Bodhi

question: What is the term for extinction of only hatred and greed, with residue of delusion?

answer: anagami

text: anagami


text: Although coal, hydrocarbons, iron ore, platinum, copper, chromium, nickel, gold and other minerals have been found, they have not been in large enough quantities to exploit. The 1991 Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty also restricts a struggle for resources. In 1998, a compromise agreement was reached to place an indefinite ban on mining, to be reviewed in 2048, further limiting economic development and exploitation. The primary economic activity is the capture and offshore trading of fish. Antarctic fisheries in 2000–01 reported landing 112,934 tonnes.

title: Antarctica

title: Antarctica

text: Although

text: coal

text: hydrocarbons

text: iron

text: ore

text: platinum

text: copper

text: chromium

text: nickel

text: gold

text: and

text: other

text: minerals

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: they

text: have

text: not

text: been

text: in

text: large

text: enough

text: quantities

text: to

text: exploit

text: The

text: Protocol

text: on

text: Environmental

text: Protection

text: to

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: Treaty

text: also

text: restricts

text: a

text: struggle

text: for

text: resources

text: In

text: a

text: compromise

text: agreement

text: was

text: reached

text: to

text: place

text: an

text: indefinite

text: ban

text: on

text: mining

text: to

text: be

text: reviewed

text: in

text: further

text: limiting

text: economic

text: development

text: and

text: exploitation

text: The

text: primary

text: economic

text: activity

text: is

text: the

text: capture

text: and

text: offshore

text: trading

text: of

text: fish

text: Antarctic

text: fisheries

text: in

text: reported

text: landing

text: tonnes

question: What does the Protocol on Environmental Protection seek to regulate?

answer: resources

text: resources

question: In what year was an agreement reached to ban mining in Antarctica?

answer: 1998

question: When will the mining ban be reviewed?

answer: 2048

question: What is the major economic activity near Antarctica?

answer: trading of fish

text: trading of fish

question: How many tonnes of fish were reported caught in 2000-01?

answer: 112,934 tonnes

text: 112,934 tonnes

question: What minerals have been found in quantities large enough to exploit?

question: What does the 1919 Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty restrict?

text: a struggle for resources

question: What was reached in 1989?

question: How many tonnes did Antarctic fisheries report in 2000?


text: In 1966, CBS reorganized its corporate structure with Leiberson promoted to head the new "CBS-Columbia Group" which made the now renamed CBS Records company a separate unit of this new group run by Clive Davis.

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

text: In

text: CBS

text: reorganized

text: its

text: corporate

text: structure

text: with

text: Leiberson

text: promoted

text: to

text: head

text: the

text: new

text: CBS

text: Columbia

text: Group

text: which

text: made

text: the

text: now

text: renamed

text: CBS

text: Records

text: company

text: a

text: separate

text: unit

text: of

text: this

text: new

text: group

text: run

text: by

text: Clive

text: Davis

question: Who ran CBS-Columbia Group starting in 1966?

answer: Leiberson

text: Leiberson

question: In 1966, ABC reorganized what?

text: its corporate structure

question: Leiberson was promoted to secretary for what group?

text: the new "CBS-Columbia Group"

question: The new "ABC-Columbia Group" had whom as its head?

text: Leiberson

question: Davis Clive ran which unit?

text: the now renamed CBS Records


text: A new government was appointed on 31 March 2013, which consisted of members of Séléka and representatives of the opposition to Bozizé, one pro-Bozizé individual, and a number representatives of civil society. On 1 April, the former opposition parties declared that they would boycott the government. After African leaders in Chad refused to recognize Djotodia as President, proposing to form a transitional council and the holding of new elections, Djotodia signed a decree on 6 April for the formation of a council that would act as a transitional parliament. The council was tasked with electing a president to serve prior to elections in 18 months.

title: Central_African_Republic

title: Central_African_Republic

text: A

text: new

text: government

text: was

text: appointed

text: on

text: March

text: which

text: consisted

text: of

text: members

text: of

text: Séléka

text: and

text: representatives

text: of

text: the

text: opposition

text: to

text: Bozizé

text: one

text: pro

text: Bozizé

text: individual

text: and

text: a

text: number

text: representatives

text: of

text: civil

text: society

text: On

text: April

text: the

text: former

text: opposition

text: parties

text: declared

text: that

text: they

text: would

text: boycott

text: the

text: government

text: After

text: African

text: leaders

text: in

text: Chad

text: refused

text: to

text: recognize

text: Djotodia

text: as

text: President

text: proposing

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: transitional

text: council

text: and

text: the

text: holding

text: of

text: new

text: elections

text: Djotodia

text: signed

text: a

text: decree

text: on

text: April

text: for

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: a

text: council

text: that

text: would

text: act

text: as

text: a

text: transitional

text: parliament

text: The

text: council

text: was

text: tasked

text: with

text: electing

text: a

text: president

text: to

text: serve

text: prior

text: to

text: elections

text: in

text: months

question: When was the new Government seated in CAR?

answer: 31 March 2013

text: 31 March 2013

question: What did the former opposition parties declare?

answer: boycott the government

text: boycott the government

question: Who was refused as new president?

answer: Djotodia

text: Djotodia

question: Who would rule the country temporarily?

answer: a transitional parliament

text: a transitional parliament

question: How long did the parliament have until the next election?

answer: 18 months

text: 18 months

question: What was apponted on April 1?

text: A new government

question: What groups does the transient parliament consist of?

question: What did Djotodia say he would boycott on March 31 2013?

text: the government

question: Who did members of Seleka refuse to recognize?

text: Djotodia as President

question: What was signed by African leaders in Chad on April 6th?

text: a decree


text: In the first years of the Republic, controversy arose within the Reformed Church, mainly around the subject of predestination. This has become known as the struggle between Arminianism and Gomarism, or between Remonstrants and Contra-Remonstrants. In 1618 the Synod of Dort tackled this issue, which led to the banning of the Remonstrant faith.

title: Dutch_Republic

title: Dutch_Republic

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: controversy

text: arose

text: within

text: the

text: Reformed

text: Church

text: mainly

text: around

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: predestination

text: This

text: has

text: become

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: struggle

text: between

text: Arminianism

text: and

text: Gomarism

text: or

text: between

text: Remonstrants

text: and

text: Contra

text: Remonstrants

text: In

text: the

text: Synod

text: of

text: Dort

text: tackled

text: this

text: issue

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: banning

text: of

text: the

text: Remonstrant

text: faith

question: What was the main subject of controversy that arose within the Reformed Church during the beginning of the Republic?

answer: predestination

text: predestination

question: The controversy surrounding the subject of predestination is known as what?

answer: the struggle between Arminianism and Gomarism, or between Remonstrants and Contra-Remonstrants

text: the struggle between Arminianism and Gomarism, or between Remonstrants and Contra-Remonstrants

question: What led to the banning of the Remonstrant faith in 1618?

answer: the Synod of Dort

text: the Synod of Dort

question: When was there controversy within the Synod of Dort?

text: In the first years of the Republic

question: Where did controversy appear around banning of the Remonstrat faith?

text: within the Reformed Church

question: What group lead to the banning of the subject of predestination?

text: the Synod of Dort

question: What did disagreement about the Synod of Dort become known as?

question: In 1618 How did the Reformed Church help solve the controversy?

text: banning of the Remonstrant faith


text: Rebirth refers to a process whereby beings go through a succession of lifetimes as one of many possible forms of sentient life, each running from conception to death. The doctrine of anattā (Sanskrit anātman) rejects the concepts of a permanent self or an unchanging, eternal soul, as it is called in Hinduism and Christianity. According to Buddhism there ultimately is no such thing as a self independent from the rest of the universe. Buddhists also refer to themselves as the believers of the anatta doctrine—Nairatmyavadin or Anattavadin. Rebirth in subsequent existences must be understood as the continuation of a dynamic, ever-changing process of pratītyasamutpāda ("dependent arising") determined by the laws of cause and effect (karma) rather than that of one being, reincarnating from one existence to the next.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Rebirth

text: refers

text: to

text: a

text: process

text: whereby

text: beings

text: go

text: through

text: a

text: succession

text: of

text: lifetimes

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: many

text: possible

text: forms

text: of

text: sentient

text: life

text: each

text: running

text: from

text: conception

text: to

text: death

text: The

text: doctrine

text: of

text: anattā

text: Sanskrit

text: anātman

text: rejects

text: the

text: concepts

text: of

text: a

text: permanent

text: self

text: or

text: an

text: unchanging

text: eternal

text: soul

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: called

text: in

text: Hinduism

text: and

text: Christianity

text: According

text: to

text: Buddhism

text: there

text: ultimately

text: is

text: no

text: such

text: thing

text: as

text: a

text: self

text: independent

text: from

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: universe

text: Buddhists

text: also

text: refer

text: to

text: themselves

text: as

text: the

text: believers

text: of

text: the

text: anatta

text: doctrine

text: Nairatmyavadin

text: or

text: Anattavadin

text: Rebirth

text: in

text: subsequent

text: existences

text: must

text: be

text: understood

text: as

text: the

text: continuation

text: of

text: a

text: dynamic

text: ever

text: changing

text: process

text: of

text: pratītyasamutpāda

text: dependent

text: arising

text: determined

text: by

text: the

text: laws

text: of

text: cause

text: and

text: effect

text: karma

text: rather

text: than

text: that

text: of

text: one

text: being

text: reincarnating

text: from

text: one

text: existence

text: to

text: the

text: next

question: What is the process in which beings go through cycles of lifetimes as many forms of sentient life?

answer: Rebirth

text: Rebirth

question: Which doctrine denies the concept of a permanent self or soul?

answer: The doctrine of anattā (Sanskrit anātman)

text: The doctrine of anattā (Sanskrit anātman)

question: In Buddhism, rebirth into consecutive lives is determined by what?

answer: the laws of cause and effect

text: the laws of cause and effect

question: Sentient life according to Buddhism runs between what two points?

answer: from conception to death.

text: from conception to death.

question: The laws of cause and effect can also be called?

answer: karma

text: karma

question: What is the name for the process of a succession of lifetimes?

answer: Rebirth

text: Rebirth

question: What doctrine rejects the idea of permanent self?

answer: anatta

text: anatta

question: "dependent arising" is the meaning of what word?

answer: pratītyasamutpāda

text: pratītyasamutpāda

question: Hinduism and Christianity use what term for a permanent self?

answer: eternal soul

text: eternal soul


text: In the year 712, Muhammad bin Qasim, an Umayyad general, sailed from the Persian Gulf into Sindh in Pakistan and conquered both the Sindh and the Punjab regions along the Indus river. The conquest of Sindh and Punjab, in modern-day Pakistan, although costly, were major gains for the Umayyad Caliphate. However, further gains were halted by Hindu kingdoms in India in the battle of Rajasthan. The Arabs tried to invade India but they were defeated by the north Indian king Nagabhata of the Pratihara Dynasty and by the south Indian Emperor Vikramaditya II of the Chalukya dynasty in the early 8th century. After this the Arab chroniclers admit that the Caliph Mahdi "gave up the project of conquering any part of India."

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

text: In

text: the

text: year

text: Muhammad

text: bin

text: Qasim

text: an

text: Umayyad

text: general

text: sailed

text: from

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: into

text: Sindh

text: in

text: Pakistan

text: and

text: conquered

text: both

text: the

text: Sindh

text: and

text: the

text: Punjab

text: regions

text: along

text: the

text: Indus

text: river

text: The

text: conquest

text: of

text: Sindh

text: and

text: Punjab

text: in

text: modern

text: day

text: Pakistan

text: although

text: costly

text: were

text: major

text: gains

text: for

text: the

text: Umayyad

text: Caliphate

text: However

text: further

text: gains

text: were

text: halted

text: by

text: Hindu

text: kingdoms

text: in

text: India

text: in

text: the

text: battle

text: of

text: Rajasthan

text: The

text: Arabs

text: tried

text: to

text: invade

text: India

text: but

text: they

text: were

text: defeated

text: by

text: the

text: north

text: Indian

text: king

text: Nagabhata

text: of

text: the

text: Pratihara

text: Dynasty

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: south

text: Indian

text: Emperor

text: Vikramaditya

text: II

text: of

text: the

text: Chalukya

text: dynasty

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: After

text: this

text: the

text: Arab

text: chroniclers

text: admit

text: that

text: the

text: Caliph

text: Mahdi

text: gave

text: up

text: the

text: project

text: of

text: conquering

text: any

text: part

text: of

text: India

question: When did Muhammad bin Wasim sail to Pakistan?

answer: 712

question: Along with the Punjab, what did Muhammad bin Wasim conquer?

answer: Sindh

text: Sindh

question: At what battle did the Hindus of India defeat the Umayyads?

answer: Rajasthan

text: Rajasthan

question: To what dynasty did Vikramaditya II belong?

answer: Pratihara

text: Pratihara

question: Who was a notable king in this period from the Pratihara dynasty?

answer: Nagabhata

text: Nagabhata

question: Who sailed away from Pakistan in 712?

text: Muhammad bin Qasim

question: What year did Muhammad bin Qasim leave Pakistan?

question: What conquests were easy for Umayyad Caliphate?

text: Sindh and Punjab

question: Who stopped India from invading the Arabs?

text: king Nagabhata

question: When did the south Indian Emperor give up conquering the Arabs?

text: early 8th century


text: The most widely used symbol is the flag of Greece, which features nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white representing the nine syllables of the Greek national motto Eleftheria i thanatos (freedom or death), which was the motto of the Greek War of Independence. The blue square in the upper hoist-side corner bears a white cross, which represents Greek Orthodoxy. The Greek flag is widely used by the Greek Cypriots, although Cyprus has officially adopted a neutral flag to ease ethnic tensions with the Turkish Cypriot minority – see flag of Cyprus).

title: Greeks

title: Greeks

text: The

text: most

text: widely

text: used

text: symbol

text: is

text: the

text: flag

text: of

text: Greece

text: which

text: features

text: nine

text: equal

text: horizontal

text: stripes

text: of

text: blue

text: alternating

text: with

text: white

text: representing

text: the

text: nine

text: syllables

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: national

text: motto

text: Eleftheria

text: i

text: thanatos

text: freedom

text: or

text: death

text: which

text: was

text: the

text: motto

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: War

text: of

text: Independence

text: The

text: blue

text: square

text: in

text: the

text: upper

text: hoist

text: side

text: corner

text: bears

text: a

text: white

text: cross

text: which

text: represents

text: Greek

text: Orthodoxy

text: The

text: Greek

text: flag

text: is

text: widely

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: Greek

text: Cypriots

text: although

text: Cyprus

text: has

text: officially

text: adopted

text: a

text: neutral

text: flag

text: to

text: ease

text: ethnic

text: tensions

text: with

text: the

text: Turkish

text: Cypriot

text: minority

text: see

text: flag

text: of

text: Cyprus

question: What are the representations of the Greek reference freedom or death that are held on a cloth symbol of the nation ?

answer: flag of Greece, which features nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white

text: flag of Greece, which features nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white

question: This reference also holds significance as what the the Grecian people ?

answer: motto of the Greek War of Independence

text: motto of the Greek War of Independence

question: Is religion also represented on this cloth symbol of the Greek?

answer: bears a white cross, which represents Greek Orthodoxy

text: bears a white cross, which represents Greek Orthodoxy

question: Have the people of Turkey held any feeling towards the cloth symbol of the Greeks ?

answer: ethnic tensions with the Turkish Cypriot minority

text: ethnic tensions with the Turkish Cypriot minority

question: Have the people of Greece done anything to make the matter more palatable for the people of Turkey ?

answer: Cyprus has officially adopted a neutral flag

text: Cyprus has officially adopted a neutral flag

question: What aren't the representations of the Greek reference freedom or death that are held on a cloth symbol of the nation?

text: flag of Greece

question: This reference also holds insignificance as what the the Grecian people?

text: motto of the Greek War of Independence

question: Is religion also represented on this cloth symbol of the French?

question: Have the people of Greece done anything to make the matter more palatable for the people of Asia?


text: The Downtown District is the home of the Third Street Promenade, a major outdoor pedestrian-only shopping district that stretches for three blocks between Wilshire Blvd. and Broadway (not the same Broadway in downtown and south Los Angeles). Third Street is closed to vehicles for those three blocks to allow people to stroll, congregate, shop and enjoy street performers. Santa Monica Place, featuring Bloomingdale's and Nordstrom in a three-level outdoor environment, is located at the south end of the Promenade. After a period of redevelopment, the mall reopened in the fall of 2010 as a modern shopping, entertainment and dining complex with more outdoor space.

title: Santa_Monica,_California

title: Santa_Monica,_California

text: The

text: Downtown

text: District

text: is

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: Third

text: Street

text: Promenade

text: a

text: major

text: outdoor

text: pedestrian

text: only

text: shopping

text: district

text: that

text: stretches

text: for

text: three

text: blocks

text: between

text: Wilshire

text: Blvd

text: and

text: Broadway

text: not

text: the

text: same

text: Broadway

text: in

text: downtown

text: and

text: south

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Third

text: Street

text: is

text: closed

text: to

text: vehicles

text: for

text: those

text: three

text: blocks

text: to

text: allow

text: people

text: to

text: stroll

text: congregate

text: shop

text: and

text: enjoy

text: street

text: performers

text: Santa

text: Monica

text: Place

text: featuring

text: Bloomingdale

text: 's

text: and

text: Nordstrom

text: in

text: a

text: three

text: level

text: outdoor

text: environment

text: is

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: south

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Promenade

text: After

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: redevelopment

text: the

text: mall

text: reopened

text: in

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: as

text: a

text: modern

text: shopping

text: entertainment

text: and

text: dining

text: complex

text: with

text: more

text: outdoor

text: space

question: The Third Street Promenade is located in what part of Santa Monica?

answer: Downtown District

text: Downtown District

question: How large is the Third Street Promenade?

answer: three blocks

text: three blocks

question: What is Third Street access shut off from?

answer: vehicles

text: vehicles

question: What two major department stores are located at the Third Street Promenade?

answer: Bloomingdale's and Nordstrom

text: Bloomingdale's and Nordstrom

question: What year did the mall reopen?

answer: 2010

question: How long is Wilshire Blvd.?

text: three blocks

question: In what year was Third Street closed to vehicles?

question: In what year did Nordstrom open its store?

question: What's at the north end of the Promenade?

text: Bloomingdale's

question: How long is Broadway?

text: three blocks


text: This method involves coating LEDs of one color (mostly blue LEDs made of InGaN) with phosphors of different colors to form white light; the resultant LEDs are called phosphor-based or phosphor-converted white LEDs (pcLEDs). A fraction of the blue light undergoes the Stokes shift being transformed from shorter wavelengths to longer. Depending on the color of the original LED, phosphors of different colors can be employed. If several phosphor layers of distinct colors are applied, the emitted spectrum is broadened, effectively raising the color rendering index (CRI) value of a given LED.

title: Light-emitting_diode

title: Light

title: emitting_diode

text: This

text: method

text: involves

text: coating

text: LEDs

text: of

text: one

text: color

text: mostly

text: blue

text: LEDs

text: made

text: of

text: InGaN

text: with

text: phosphors

text: of

text: different

text: colors

text: to

text: form

text: white

text: light

text: the

text: resultant

text: LEDs

text: are

text: called

text: phosphor

text: based

text: or

text: phosphor

text: converted

text: white

text: LEDs

text: pcLEDs

text: A

text: fraction

text: of

text: the

text: blue

text: light

text: undergoes

text: the

text: Stokes

text: shift

text: being

text: transformed

text: from

text: shorter

text: wavelengths

text: to

text: longer

text: Depending

text: on

text: the

text: color

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: LED

text: phosphors

text: of

text: different

text: colors

text: can

text: be

text: employed

text: If

text: several

text: phosphor

text: layers

text: of

text: distinct

text: colors

text: are

text: applied

text: the

text: emitted

text: spectrum

text: is

text: broadened

text: effectively

text: raising

text: the

text: color

text: rendering

text: index

text: CRI

text: value

text: of

text: a

text: given

text: LED

question: What method involves coating LEDs of one color with phosphors of different colors?

answer: phosphor-converted white LEDs (pcLEDs)

text: phosphor-converted white LEDs (pcLEDs)

question: In pcLEDs method, a fraction of what light is used?

answer: blue

text: blue

question: What shift does blue light undergo in the pcLEDs method?

answer: Stokes

text: Stokes

question: The different colors of phosphors that can be used is based on what?

answer: the color of the original LED

text: the color of the original LED

question: What broadens the emitted spectrum in a pcLEDs method?

answer: If several phosphor layers of distinct colors are applied

text: If several phosphor layers of distinct colors are applied

question: What method involves coating LEDs of multiple color with phosphors of different colors?

text: phosphor-converted white LEDs

question: In pcLEDs method, a fraction of what light is never used?

text: blue

question: What shift does non-blue light undergo in the pcLEDs method?

text: Stokes

question: he different colors of phosphors that can't be used is based on what?

text: the color of the original LED


text: In addition to Mesa, the club has held spring training in Hot Springs, Arkansas (1886, 1896–1900), (1909–1910) New Orleans (1870, 1907, 1911–1912); Champaign, Illinois (1901–02, 1906); Los Angeles (1903–04, 1948–1949), Santa Monica, California (1905); French Lick, Indiana (1908, 1943–1945); Tampa, Florida (1913–1916); Pasadena, California (1917–1921); Santa Catalina Island, California (1922–1942, 1946–1947, 1950–1951); Rendezvous Park in Mesa (1952–1965); Blair Field in Long Beach, California (1966); and Scottsdale, Arizona (1967–1978).

title: Chicago_Cubs

title: Chicago_Cubs

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: Mesa

text: the

text: club

text: has

text: held

text: spring

text: training

text: in

text: Hot

text: Springs

text: Arkansas

text: New

text: Orleans

text: Champaign

text: Illinois

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Santa

text: Monica

text: California

text: French

text: Lick

text: Indiana

text: Tampa

text: Florida

text: Pasadena

text: California

text: Santa

text: Catalina

text: Island

text: California

text: Rendezvous

text: Park

text: in

text: Mesa

text: Blair

text: Field

text: in

text: Long

text: Beach

text: California

text: and

text: Scottsdale

text: Arizona

question: Where is Rendezvous Park?

answer: Mesa

text: Mesa

question: Where is Blair Field?

answer: Long Beach, California

text: Long Beach, California

question: Between what years did the club hold spring training in Scottsdale, Arizona?

answer: (1967–1978)


text: Stretching west from the Blue Ridge for approximately 55 miles (89 km) is the Ridge and Valley region, in which numerous tributaries join to form the Tennessee River in the Tennessee Valley. This area of Tennessee is covered by fertile valleys separated by wooded ridges, such as Bays Mountain and Clinch Mountain. The western section of the Tennessee Valley, where the depressions become broader and the ridges become lower, is called the Great Valley. In this valley are numerous towns and two of the region's three urban areas, Knoxville, the 3rd largest city in the state, and Chattanooga, the 4th largest city in the state. The third urban area, the Tri-Cities, comprising Bristol, Johnson City, and Kingsport and their environs, is located to the northeast of Knoxville.

title: Tennessee

title: Tennessee

text: Stretching

text: west

text: from

text: the

text: Blue

text: Ridge

text: for

text: approximately

text: miles

text: km

text: is

text: the

text: Ridge

text: and

text: Valley

text: region

text: in

text: which

text: numerous

text: tributaries

text: join

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: Tennessee

text: River

text: in

text: the

text: Tennessee

text: Valley

text: This

text: area

text: of

text: Tennessee

text: is

text: covered

text: by

text: fertile

text: valleys

text: separated

text: by

text: wooded

text: ridges

text: such

text: as

text: Bays

text: Mountain

text: and

text: Clinch

text: Mountain

text: The

text: western

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: Tennessee

text: Valley

text: where

text: the

text: depressions

text: become

text: broader

text: and

text: the

text: ridges

text: become

text: lower

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: Great

text: Valley

text: In

text: this

text: valley

text: are

text: numerous

text: towns

text: and

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: 's

text: three

text: urban

text: areas

text: Knoxville

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: and

text: Chattanooga

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: The

text: third

text: urban

text: area

text: the

text: Tri

text: Cities

text: comprising

text: Bristol

text: Johnson

text: City

text: and

text: Kingsport

text: and

text: their

text: environs

text: is

text: located

text: to

text: the

text: northeast

text: of

text: Knoxville

question: Approximately how many miles long is Tennessee's Ridge and Valley region?

answer: 55

question: What is the western part of the Tennessee Valley called?

answer: the Great Valley

text: the Great Valley

question: Which city is Tennessee's fourth largest?

answer: Chattanooga

text: Chattanooga

question: Together, Bristol, Johnson City, and Kingsport are known by what name?

answer: the Tri-Cities

text: the Tri-Cities

question: What river forms in the Tennessee Valley?

answer: Tennessee River

text: Tennessee River


text: Hitler's interest in this strategy forced Göring and Jeschonnek to review the air war against Britain in January 1941. This led to Göring and Jeschonnek agreeing to Hitler's Directive 23, Directions for operations against the British War Economy, which was published on 6 February 1941 and gave aerial interdiction of British imports by sea top priority. This strategy had been recognised before the war, but Operation Eagle Attack and the following Battle of Britain had got in the way of striking at Britain's sea communications and diverted German air strength to the campaign against the RAF and its supporting structures. The OKL had always regarded the interdiction of sea communications of less importance than bombing land-based aircraft industries.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: interest

text: in

text: this

text: strategy

text: forced

text: Göring

text: and

text: Jeschonnek

text: to

text: review

text: the

text: air

text: war

text: against

text: Britain

text: in

text: January

text: This

text: led

text: to

text: Göring

text: and

text: Jeschonnek

text: agreeing

text: to

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: Directive

text: Directions

text: for

text: operations

text: against

text: the

text: British

text: War

text: Economy

text: which

text: was

text: published

text: on

text: February

text: and

text: gave

text: aerial

text: interdiction

text: of

text: British

text: imports

text: by

text: sea

text: top

text: priority

text: This

text: strategy

text: had

text: been

text: recognised

text: before

text: the

text: war

text: but

text: Operation

text: Eagle

text: Attack

text: and

text: the

text: following

text: Battle

text: of

text: Britain

text: had

text: got

text: in

text: the

text: way

text: of

text: striking

text: at

text: Britain

text: 's

text: sea

text: communications

text: and

text: diverted

text: German

text: air

text: strength

text: to

text: the

text: campaign

text: against

text: the

text: RAF

text: and

text: its

text: supporting

text: structures

text: The

text: OKL

text: had

text: always

text: regarded

text: the

text: interdiction

text: of

text: sea

text: communications

text: of

text: less

text: importance

text: than

text: bombing

text: land

text: based

text: aircraft

text: industries

question: What was Hitler's Directive 23?

answer: Directions for operations against the British War Economy

text: Directions for operations against the British War Economy

question: What was a top priority of Directive 23?

answer: aerial interdiction of British imports by sea

text: aerial interdiction of British imports by sea

question: What prevented the targeting of sea communications before?

answer: Operation Eagle Attack and the following Battle of Britain

text: Operation Eagle Attack and the following Battle of Britain

question: What was considered more important than the interdiction of sea communications?

answer: bombing land-based aircraft industries

text: bombing land-based aircraft industries


text: The city's largest private school by number of students is Temple University, followed by Drexel University. Along with the University of Pennsylvania, Temple University and Drexel University make up the city's major research universities. The city is also home to five schools of medicine: Drexel University College of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, and the Thomas Jefferson University. Hospitals, universities, and higher education research institutions in Philadelphia's four congressional districts received more than $252 million in National Institutes of Health grants in 2015.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: largest

text: private

text: school

text: by

text: number

text: of

text: students

text: is

text: Temple

text: University

text: followed

text: by

text: Drexel

text: University

text: Along

text: with

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Pennsylvania

text: Temple

text: University

text: and

text: Drexel

text: University

text: make

text: up

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: major

text: research

text: universities

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: also

text: home

text: to

text: five

text: schools

text: of

text: medicine

text: Drexel

text: University

text: College

text: of

text: Medicine

text: Perelman

text: School

text: of

text: Medicine

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Pennsylvania

text: Philadelphia

text: College

text: of

text: Osteopathic

text: Medicine

text: Temple

text: University

text: School

text: of

text: Medicine

text: and

text: the

text: Thomas

text: Jefferson

text: University

text: Hospitals

text: universities

text: and

text: higher

text: education

text: research

text: institutions

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: 's

text: four

text: congressional

text: districts

text: received

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: in

text: National

text: Institutes

text: of

text: Health

text: grants

text: in

question: What is the largest private institution in the city?

answer: Temple University

text: Temple University

question: What are the 3 research universities in the city?

answer: University of Pennsylvania, Temple University and Drexel University

text: University of Pennsylvania, Temple University and Drexel University

question: How many med schools are there?

answer: five

text: five


text: In the absence of suitable plate culture techniques, some microbes require culture within live animals. Bacteria such as Mycobacterium leprae and Treponema pallidum can be grown in animals, although serological and microscopic techniques make the use of live animals unnecessary. Viruses are also usually identified using alternatives to growth in culture or animals. Some viruses may be grown in embryonated eggs. Another useful identification method is Xenodiagnosis, or the use of a vector to support the growth of an infectious agent. Chagas disease is the most significant example, because it is difficult to directly demonstrate the presence of the causative agent, Trypanosoma cruzi in a patient, which therefore makes it difficult to definitively make a diagnosis. In this case, xenodiagnosis involves the use of the vector of the Chagas agent T. cruzi, an uninfected triatomine bug, which takes a blood meal from a person suspected of having been infected. The bug is later inspected for growth of T. cruzi within its gut.

title: Infection

title: Infection

text: In

text: the

text: absence

text: of

text: suitable

text: plate

text: culture

text: techniques

text: some

text: microbes

text: require

text: culture

text: within

text: live

text: animals

text: Bacteria

text: such

text: as

text: Mycobacterium

text: leprae

text: and

text: Treponema

text: pallidum

text: can

text: be

text: grown

text: in

text: animals

text: although

text: serological

text: and

text: microscopic

text: techniques

text: make

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: live

text: animals

text: unnecessary

text: Viruses

text: are

text: also

text: usually

text: identified

text: using

text: alternatives

text: to

text: growth

text: in

text: culture

text: or

text: animals

text: Some

text: viruses

text: may

text: be

text: grown

text: in

text: embryonated

text: eggs

text: Another

text: useful

text: identification

text: method

text: is

text: Xenodiagnosis

text: or

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: a

text: vector

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: an

text: infectious

text: agent

text: Chagas

text: disease

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: significant

text: example

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: difficult

text: to

text: directly

text: demonstrate

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: the

text: causative

text: agent

text: Trypanosoma

text: cruzi

text: in

text: a

text: patient

text: which

text: therefore

text: makes

text: it

text: difficult

text: to

text: definitively

text: make

text: a

text: diagnosis

text: In

text: this

text: case

text: xenodiagnosis

text: involves

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: vector

text: of

text: the

text: Chagas

text: agent

text: T.

text: cruzi

text: an

text: uninfected

text: triatomine

text: bug

text: which

text: takes

text: a

text: blood

text: meal

text: from

text: a

text: person

text: suspected

text: of

text: having

text: been

text: infected

text: The

text: bug

text: is

text: later

text: inspected

text: for

text: growth

text: of

text: T.

text: cruzi

text: within

text: its

text: gut

question: What are live animals required by?

answer: some microbes

text: some microbes

question: What can Mycobacterium leprae and Treponema pallidum be grown in?

answer: animals

text: animals

question: What type of eggs may some viruses be grown in?

answer: embryonated

text: embryonated

question: What is Xenodiagnosis?

answer: use of a vector to support the growth of an infectious agent

text: use of a vector to support the growth of an infectious agent

question: What is it difficult to demonstrate the presence of in Chagas disease?

answer: the causative agent

text: the causative agent

question: What are live animals unnecessary for?

text: microbes

question: What can Mycobacterium leprae and Treponema pallidum never be grown in?

text: animals

question: What type of eggs may no viruses be grown in?

text: embryonated

question: What does Xenodiagnosis avoid doing?

question: What is simple to demonstrate the presence of in Chagas disease?

text: the causative agent


text: About 150,000 East African and black people live in Israel, amounting to just over 2% of the nation's population. The vast majority of these, some 120,000, are Beta Israel, most of whom are recent immigrants who came during the 1980s and 1990s from Ethiopia. In addition, Israel is home to over 5,000 members of the African Hebrew Israelites of Jerusalem movement that are descendants of African Americans who emigrated to Israel in the 20th century, and who reside mainly in a distinct neighborhood in the Negev town of Dimona. Unknown numbers of black converts to Judaism reside in Israel, most of them converts from the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: About

text: East

text: African

text: and

text: black

text: people

text: live

text: in

text: Israel

text: amounting

text: to

text: just

text: over

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: population

text: The

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: these

text: some

text: are

text: Beta

text: Israel

text: most

text: of

text: whom

text: are

text: recent

text: immigrants

text: who

text: came

text: during

text: the

text: and

text: from

text: Ethiopia

text: In

text: addition

text: Israel

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: over

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: African

text: Hebrew

text: Israelites

text: of

text: Jerusalem

text: movement

text: that

text: are

text: descendants

text: of

text: African

text: Americans

text: who

text: emigrated

text: to

text: Israel

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: who

text: reside

text: mainly

text: in

text: a

text: distinct

text: neighborhood

text: in

text: the

text: Negev

text: town

text: of

text: Dimona

text: Unknown

text: numbers

text: of

text: black

text: converts

text: to

text: Judaism

text: reside

text: in

text: Israel

text: most

text: of

text: them

text: converts

text: from

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: Canada

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: How many East African and black people live in Israel?

answer: About 150,000

text: About 150,000

question: What percent of Israel's population is black?

answer: just over 2%

text: just over 2%

question: When did they migrate to Israel?

answer: during the 1980s and 1990s

text: during the 1980s and 1990s

question: Where did they migrate from?

answer: Ethiopia.

text: Ethiopia.

question: Where are most of the black converts from?

answer: the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States.

text: the United Kingdom, Canada, and the United States.


text: Some research suggests that "[f]or some [people] the focus of sexual interest will shift at various points through the life span..." "There... [was, as of 1995,] essentially no research on the longitudinal stability of sexual orientation over the adult life span... It [was]... still an unanswered question whether... [the] measure [of 'the complex components of sexual orientation as differentiated from other aspects of sexual identity at one point in time'] will predict future behavior or orientation. Certainly, it is... not a good predictor of past behavior and self-identity, given the developmental process common to most gay men and lesbians (i.e., denial of homosexual interests and heterosexual experimentation prior to the coming-out process)." Some studies report that "[a number of] lesbian women, and some heterosexual women as well, perceive choice as an important element in their sexual orientations."

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: Some

text: research

text: suggests

text: that

text: f]or

text: some

text: people

text: the

text: focus

text: of

text: sexual

text: interest

text: will

text: shift

text: at

text: various

text: points

text: through

text: the

text: life

text: span

text: There

text: was

text: as

text: of

text: essentially

text: no

text: research

text: on

text: the

text: longitudinal

text: stability

text: of

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: over

text: the

text: adult

text: life

text: span

text: It

text: was

text: still

text: an

text: unanswered

text: question

text: whether

text: the

text: measure

text: of

text: the

text: complex

text: components

text: of

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: as

text: differentiated

text: from

text: other

text: aspects

text: of

text: sexual

text: identity

text: at

text: one

text: point

text: in

text: time

text: will

text: predict

text: future

text: behavior

text: or

text: orientation

text: Certainly

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: a

text: good

text: predictor

text: of

text: past

text: behavior

text: and

text: self

text: identity

text: given

text: the

text: developmental

text: process

text: common

text: to

text: most

text: gay

text: men

text: and

text: lesbians

text: i.e.

text: denial

text: of

text: homosexual

text: interests

text: and

text: heterosexual

text: experimentation

text: prior

text: to

text: the

text: coming

text: out

text: process

text: Some

text: studies

text: report

text: that

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: lesbian

text: women

text: and

text: some

text: heterosexual

text: women

text: as

text: well

text: perceive

text: choice

text: as

text: an

text: important

text: element

text: in

text: their

text: sexual

text: orientations

question: Can a persons sexual interest change over different times in their life?

answer: Some research suggests that "[f]or some [people] the focus of sexual interest will shift at various points through the life span

text: Some research suggests that "[f]or some [people] the focus of sexual interest will shift at various points through the life span

question: Until 1995 what had no studies done concerning sexual orientation?

answer: longitudinal stability of sexual orientation over the adult life span.

text: longitudinal stability of sexual orientation over the adult life span.

question: What can possibly predict the future orientation a persons sexual idenity?

answer: . [the] measure [of 'the complex components of sexual orientation as differentiated from other aspects of sexual identity at one point in time']

text: . [the] measure [of 'the complex components of sexual orientation as differentiated from other aspects of sexual identity at one point in time']

question: What do some lesbian woman see as important part of the sexual orientation?

answer: choice

text: choice


text: Despite the large number of philosophical schools and subtle nuances between many, all philosophies are said to fall into one of two primary categories, which are defined in contrast to each other: Idealism, and materialism.[a] The basic proposition of these two categories pertains to the nature of reality, and the primary distinction between them is the way they answer two fundamental questions: "what does reality consist of?" and "how does it originate?" To idealists, spirit or mind or the objects of mind (ideas) are primary, and matter secondary. To materialists, matter is primary, and mind or spirit or ideas are secondary, the product of matter acting upon matter.

title: Materialism

title: Materialism

text: Despite

text: the

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: philosophical

text: schools

text: and

text: subtle

text: nuances

text: between

text: many

text: all

text: philosophies

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: fall

text: into

text: one

text: of

text: two

text: primary

text: categories

text: which

text: are

text: defined

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: each

text: other

text: Idealism

text: and

text: materialism.[a

text: The

text: basic

text: proposition

text: of

text: these

text: two

text: categories

text: pertains

text: to

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: reality

text: and

text: the

text: primary

text: distinction

text: between

text: them

text: is

text: the

text: way

text: they

text: answer

text: two

text: fundamental

text: questions

text: what

text: does

text: reality

text: consist

text: of

text: and

text: how

text: does

text: it

text: originate

text: To

text: idealists

text: spirit

text: or

text: mind

text: or

text: the

text: objects

text: of

text: mind

text: ideas

text: are

text: primary

text: and

text: matter

text: secondary

text: To

text: materialists

text: matter

text: is

text: primary

text: and

text: mind

text: or

text: spirit

text: or

text: ideas

text: are

text: secondary

text: the

text: product

text: of

text: matter

text: acting

text: upon

text: matter

question: What is the first question to ask in order to define the two classes?

answer: "what does reality consist of?"

text: "what does reality consist of?"

question: What is the second question to ask in order to define the two classes?

answer: "how does it originate?"

text: "how does it originate?"

question: An idealist considers what as the most important?

answer: spirit or mind or the objects of mind (ideas)

text: spirit or mind or the objects of mind (ideas)

question: A materialist considers what as the most important?

answer: matter

text: matter

question: What is the last question to ask in order to define the two classes?

text: what does reality consist of?

question: A materialist considers what as the least important?

text: matter

question: A materialist considers what as the second to least important?

text: mind or spirit or ideas

question: An idealist considers what as the least important?

question: An idealist considers what as the second to least important?

text: matter


text: In some countries, such as Britain and Germany during the Second World War, the Soviet Union and NATO's Allied Command Europe, ground based air defence and air defence aircraft have been under integrated command and control. However, while overall air defence may be for homeland defence including military facilities, forces in the field, wherever they are, invariably deploy their own air defence capability if there is an air threat. A surface-based air defence capability can also be deployed offensively to deny the use of airspace to an opponent.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: In

text: some

text: countries

text: such

text: as

text: Britain

text: and

text: Germany

text: during

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: NATO

text: 's

text: Allied

text: Command

text: Europe

text: ground

text: based

text: air

text: defence

text: and

text: air

text: defence

text: aircraft

text: have

text: been

text: under

text: integrated

text: command

text: and

text: control

text: However

text: while

text: overall

text: air

text: defence

text: may

text: be

text: for

text: homeland

text: defence

text: including

text: military

text: facilities

text: forces

text: in

text: the

text: field

text: wherever

text: they

text: are

text: invariably

text: deploy

text: their

text: own

text: air

text: defence

text: capability

text: if

text: there

text: is

text: an

text: air

text: threat

text: A

text: surface

text: based

text: air

text: defence

text: capability

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: deployed

text: offensively

text: to

text: deny

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: airspace

text: to

text: an

text: opponent

question: Which country's air defence and aircraft has been under integrated command and control?

answer: Soviet Union

text: Soviet Union

question: What other group has also been under this integrated command and control?

answer: NATO's Allied Command Europe

text: NATO's Allied Command Europe

question: Who will deploy their own air defence if their is an air threat?

answer: forces in the field

text: forces in the field

question: What can be deployed as an offensive measure to refuse airspace use to an opponent?

answer: A surface-based air defence capability

text: A surface-based air defence capability


text: The Duchy administers bona vacantia within the County Palatine, receiving the property of persons who die intestate and where the legal ownership cannot be ascertained. There is no separate Duke of Lancaster, the title merged into the Crown many centuries ago – but the Duchy is administered by the Queen in Right of the Duchy of Lancaster. A separate court system for the county palatine was abolished by Courts Act 1971. A particular form of The Loyal Toast, 'The Queen, Duke of Lancaster' is in regular use in the county palatine. Lancaster serves as the county town of the county palatine.

title: Lancashire

title: Lancashire

text: The

text: Duchy

text: administers

text: bona

text: vacantia

text: within

text: the

text: County

text: Palatine

text: receiving

text: the

text: property

text: of

text: persons

text: who

text: die

text: intestate

text: and

text: where

text: the

text: legal

text: ownership

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: ascertained

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: separate

text: Duke

text: of

text: Lancaster

text: the

text: title

text: merged

text: into

text: the

text: Crown

text: many

text: centuries

text: ago

text: but

text: the

text: Duchy

text: is

text: administered

text: by

text: the

text: Queen

text: in

text: Right

text: of

text: the

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Lancaster

text: A

text: separate

text: court

text: system

text: for

text: the

text: county

text: palatine

text: was

text: abolished

text: by

text: Courts

text: Act

text: A

text: particular

text: form

text: of

text: The

text: Loyal

text: Toast

text: The

text: Queen

text: Duke

text: of

text: Lancaster

text: is

text: in

text: regular

text: use

text: in

text: the

text: county

text: palatine

text: Lancaster

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: county

text: town

text: of

text: the

text: county

text: palatine

question: What does the Duchy administer within the County Palatine?

answer: bona vacantia

text: bona vacantia

question: What serves as the county town of the county palatine?

answer: Lancaster

text: Lancaster

question: When did the title of Duke of Lancaster merge into the Crown?

answer: many centuries ago

text: many centuries ago

question: Who is the Duchy administered by?

answer: the Queen

text: the Queen

question: In what year did the title of Duke of Lancaster get merged into the Crown?

question: When was the Loyal Toast first used?

question: What's the term for when legal ownership can be ascertained?

text: bona vacantia

question: Where does the Queen primarily live?

text: Lancaster

question: How long has there been a Queen in the UK?

text: many centuries


text: The decision to change strategy is sometimes claimed as a major mistake by the Oberkommando der Luftwaffe (OKL). It is argued that persisting with attacks on RAF airfields might have won air superiority for the Luftwaffe. Others argue that the Luftwaffe made little impression on Fighter Command in the last week of August and first week of September and that the shift in strategy was not decisive. It has also been argued that it was doubtful the Luftwaffe could have won air superiority before the "weather window" began to deteriorate in October. It was also possible, if RAF losses became severe, that they could pull out to the north, wait for the German invasion, then redeploy southward again. Other historians argue that the outcome of the air battle was irrelevant; the massive numerical superiority of British naval forces and the inherent weakness of the Kriegsmarine would have made the projected German invasion, Unternehmen Seelöwe (Operation Sea Lion), a disaster with or without German air superiority.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: The

text: decision

text: to

text: change

text: strategy

text: is

text: sometimes

text: claimed

text: as

text: a

text: major

text: mistake

text: by

text: the

text: Oberkommando

text: der

text: Luftwaffe

text: OKL

text: It

text: is

text: argued

text: that

text: persisting

text: with

text: attacks

text: on

text: RAF

text: airfields

text: might

text: have

text: won

text: air

text: superiority

text: for

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: Others

text: argue

text: that

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: made

text: little

text: impression

text: on

text: Fighter

text: Command

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: week

text: of

text: August

text: and

text: first

text: week

text: of

text: September

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: shift

text: in

text: strategy

text: was

text: not

text: decisive

text: It

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: argued

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: doubtful

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: could

text: have

text: won

text: air

text: superiority

text: before

text: the

text: weather

text: window

text: began

text: to

text: deteriorate

text: in

text: October

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: possible

text: if

text: RAF

text: losses

text: became

text: severe

text: that

text: they

text: could

text: pull

text: out

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: wait

text: for

text: the

text: German

text: invasion

text: then

text: redeploy

text: southward

text: again

text: Other

text: historians

text: argue

text: that

text: the

text: outcome

text: of

text: the

text: air

text: battle

text: was

text: irrelevant

text: the

text: massive

text: numerical

text: superiority

text: of

text: British

text: naval

text: forces

text: and

text: the

text: inherent

text: weakness

text: of

text: the

text: Kriegsmarine

text: would

text: have

text: made

text: the

text: projected

text: German

text: invasion

text: Unternehmen

text: Seelöwe

text: Operation

text: Sea

text: Lion

text: a

text: disaster

text: with

text: or

text: without

text: German

text: air

text: superiority

question: What does OKL stand for?

answer: Oberkommando der Luftwaffe

text: Oberkommando der Luftwaffe

question: What month would the weather window begin to decline?

answer: October

text: October

question: If serious loss had happened to the RAF where might they have pulled out of?

answer: the north

text: the north

question: What is the German name of Operation Sea Lion?

answer: Unternehmen Seelöwe

text: Unternehmen Seelöwe

question: Who had exponential larger naval forces?

answer: British naval forces

text: British naval forces