text: Jobs expanded so rapidly that 400,000 people were attracted to the city from 1941 to 1943, including 50,000 blacks in the second wave of the Great Migration, and 350,000 whites, many of them from the South. Some European immigrants and their descendants feared black competition for jobs and housing. The federal government prohibited discrimination in defense work but when in June 1943, Packard promoted three blacks to work next to whites on its assembly lines, 25,000 whites walked off the job. The Detroit race riot of 1943 took place three weeks after the Packard plant protest. Over the course of three days, 34 people were killed, of whom 25 were African American, and approximately 600 were injured, 75% black people.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: Jobs

text: expanded

text: so

text: rapidly

text: that

text: people

text: were

text: attracted

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: from

text: to

text: including

text: blacks

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: wave

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Migration

text: and

text: whites

text: many

text: of

text: them

text: from

text: the

text: South

text: Some

text: European

text: immigrants

text: and

text: their

text: descendants

text: feared

text: black

text: competition

text: for

text: jobs

text: and

text: housing

text: The

text: federal

text: government

text: prohibited

text: discrimination

text: in

text: defense

text: work

text: but

text: when

text: in

text: June

text: Packard

text: promoted

text: three

text: blacks

text: to

text: work

text: next

text: to

text: whites

text: on

text: its

text: assembly

text: lines

text: whites

text: walked

text: off

text: the

text: job

text: The

text: Detroit

text: race

text: riot

text: of

text: took

text: place

text: three

text: weeks

text: after

text: the

text: Packard

text: plant

text: protest

text: Over

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: three

text: days

text: people

text: were

text: killed

text: of

text: whom

text: were

text: African

text: American

text: and

text: approximately

text: were

text: injured

text: black

text: people

question: How many people were killed in the race riot of 1943?

answer: 34

question: How many people came to Detroit between 1941 and 1943?

answer: 400,000

question: After which event did the 1943 race riot happen?

answer: Packard plant protest

text: Packard plant protest

question: What care company promoted black workers to work alongside white workers?

answer: Packard

text: Packard


text: By May 15, Premier Wen Jiabao ordered the deployment of an additional 90 helicopters, of which 60 were to be provided by the PLAAF, and 30 were to be provided by the civil aviation industry, bringing the total of number of aircraft deployed in relief operations by the air force, army, and civil aviation to over 150, resulting in the largest non-combat airlifting operation in People's Liberation Army history.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: By

text: May

text: Premier

text: Wen

text: Jiabao

text: ordered

text: the

text: deployment

text: of

text: an

text: additional

text: helicopters

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: to

text: be

text: provided

text: by

text: the

text: PLAAF

text: and

text: were

text: to

text: be

text: provided

text: by

text: the

text: civil

text: aviation

text: industry

text: bringing

text: the

text: total

text: of

text: number

text: of

text: aircraft

text: deployed

text: in

text: relief

text: operations

text: by

text: the

text: air

text: force

text: army

text: and

text: civil

text: aviation

text: to

text: over

text: resulting

text: in

text: the

text: largest

text: non

text: combat

text: airlifting

text: operation

text: in

text: People

text: 's

text: Liberation

text: Army

text: history

question: What did Premier Wen Jiabao order?

answer: the deployment of an additional 90 helicopters

text: the deployment of an additional 90 helicopters

question: How many helicopters were provided by the PLAAF?

answer: 60

question: How many helicopter were to be provided by the civil aviation industry?

answer: 30

question: How many aircraft were there in total?

answer: over 150

text: over 150

question: What is the total number of aircraft used in the relief operation?

answer: over 150

text: over 150

question: How many helicopters came from the PLAAF?

answer: 60

question: Who provided the other 30 helicopters?

answer: civil aviation industry

text: civil aviation industry

question: What kind of operation did this massing of aircraft produce?

answer: non-combat airlifting

text: non-combat airlifting


text: Spanish mendicants in the sixteenth century taught indigenous scribes in their communities to write their languages in Latin letters and there is a large number of local-level documents in Nahuatl, Zapotec, Mixtec, and Yucatec Maya from the colonial era, many of which were part of lawsuits and other legal matters. Although Spaniards initially taught indigenous scribes alphabetic writing, the tradition became self-perpetuating at the local level. The Spanish crown gathered such documentation and contemporary Spanish translations were made for legal cases. Scholars have translated and analyzed these documents in what is called the New Philology to write histories of indigenous peoples from indigenous viewpoints.

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

text: Spanish

text: mendicants

text: in

text: the

text: sixteenth

text: century

text: taught

text: indigenous

text: scribes

text: in

text: their

text: communities

text: to

text: write

text: their

text: languages

text: in

text: Latin

text: letters

text: and

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: local

text: level

text: documents

text: in

text: Nahuatl

text: Zapotec

text: Mixtec

text: and

text: Yucatec

text: Maya

text: from

text: the

text: colonial

text: era

text: many

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: part

text: of

text: lawsuits

text: and

text: other

text: legal

text: matters

text: Although

text: Spaniards

text: initially

text: taught

text: indigenous

text: scribes

text: alphabetic

text: writing

text: the

text: tradition

text: became

text: self

text: perpetuating

text: at

text: the

text: local

text: level

text: The

text: Spanish

text: crown

text: gathered

text: such

text: documentation

text: and

text: contemporary

text: Spanish

text: translations

text: were

text: made

text: for

text: legal

text: cases

text: Scholars

text: have

text: translated

text: and

text: analyzed

text: these

text: documents

text: in

text: what

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: New

text: Philology

text: to

text: write

text: histories

text: of

text: indigenous

text: peoples

text: from

text: indigenous

text: viewpoints

question: Who taught indigenous scribes to write their languages?

answer: Spanish

text: Spanish

question: When were indigenous scribes taught to use Latin letters?

answer: the sixteenth century

text: the sixteenth century

question: What were a large number of the local documents in regards to?

answer: lawsuits and other legal matters

text: lawsuits and other legal matters

question: What were Spanish translations at the time made for?

answer: legal cases

text: legal cases

question: What viewpoint have scholars translated and analyzed documents to writes histories from?

answer: indigenous

text: indigenous


text: On the other hand, Mexico City is also home to large communities of expatriates and immigrants, most notably from the rest of North America (U.S. and Canada), from South America (mainly from Argentina and Colombia, but also from Brazil, Chile, Uruguay and Venezuela), from Central America and the Caribbean (mainly from Cuba, Guatemala, El Salvador, Haiti and Honduras); from Europe (mainly from Spain, Germany and Switzerland, but also from Czech Republic, Hungary, France, Italy, Ireland, the Netherlands, Poland and Romania), from the Middle East (mainly from Egypt, Lebanon and Syria); and recently from Asia-Pacific (mainly from China and South Korea). Historically since the era of New Spain, many Filipinos settled in the city and have become integrated in Mexican society. While no official figures have been reported, population estimates of each of these communities are quite significant.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: Mexico

text: City

text: is

text: also

text: home

text: to

text: large

text: communities

text: of

text: expatriates

text: and

text: immigrants

text: most

text: notably

text: from

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: U.S.

text: and

text: Canada

text: from

text: South

text: America

text: mainly

text: from

text: Argentina

text: and

text: Colombia

text: but

text: also

text: from

text: Brazil

text: Chile

text: Uruguay

text: and

text: Venezuela

text: from

text: Central

text: America

text: and

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: mainly

text: from

text: Cuba

text: Guatemala

text: El

text: Salvador

text: Haiti

text: and

text: Honduras

text: from

text: Europe

text: mainly

text: from

text: Spain

text: Germany

text: and

text: Switzerland

text: but

text: also

text: from

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: Hungary

text: France

text: Italy

text: Ireland

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: Poland

text: and

text: Romania

text: from

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: mainly

text: from

text: Egypt

text: Lebanon

text: and

text: Syria

text: and

text: recently

text: from

text: Asia

text: Pacific

text: mainly

text: from

text: China

text: and

text: South

text: Korea

text: Historically

text: since

text: the

text: era

text: of

text: New

text: Spain

text: many

text: Filipinos

text: settled

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: have

text: become

text: integrated

text: in

text: Mexican

text: society

text: While

text: no

text: official

text: figures

text: have

text: been

text: reported

text: population

text: estimates

text: of

text: each

text: of

text: these

text: communities

text: are

text: quite

text: significant

question: What countries do most of the South American immigrants come from?

answer: Argentina and Colombia

text: Argentina and Colombia

question: Where do most of the Asian immigrants come from?

answer: China and South Korea

text: China and South Korea

question: When did Filipinos start migrating to Mexico City?

answer: since the era of New Spain

text: since the era of New Spain


text: In the Scottish Enlightenment, Scotland's major cities created an intellectual infrastructure of mutually supporting institutions such as universities, reading societies, libraries, periodicals, museums and masonic lodges. The Scottish network was "predominantly liberal Calvinist, Newtonian, and 'design' oriented in character which played a major role in the further development of the transatlantic Enlightenment". In France, Voltaire said "we look to Scotland for all our ideas of civilization." The focus of the Scottish Enlightenment ranged from intellectual and economic matters to the specifically scientific as in the work of William Cullen, physician and chemist; James Anderson, an agronomist; Joseph Black, physicist and chemist; and James Hutton, the first modern geologist.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: In

text: the

text: Scottish

text: Enlightenment

text: Scotland

text: 's

text: major

text: cities

text: created

text: an

text: intellectual

text: infrastructure

text: of

text: mutually

text: supporting

text: institutions

text: such

text: as

text: universities

text: reading

text: societies

text: libraries

text: periodicals

text: museums

text: and

text: masonic

text: lodges

text: The

text: Scottish

text: network

text: was

text: predominantly

text: liberal

text: Calvinist

text: Newtonian

text: and

text: design

text: oriented

text: in

text: character

text: which

text: played

text: a

text: major

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: further

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: transatlantic

text: Enlightenment

text: In

text: France

text: Voltaire

text: said

text: we

text: look

text: to

text: Scotland

text: for

text: all

text: our

text: ideas

text: of

text: civilization

text: The

text: focus

text: of

text: the

text: Scottish

text: Enlightenment

text: ranged

text: from

text: intellectual

text: and

text: economic

text: matters

text: to

text: the

text: specifically

text: scientific

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: William

text: Cullen

text: physician

text: and

text: chemist

text: James

text: Anderson

text: an

text: agronomist

text: Joseph

text: Black

text: physicist

text: and

text: chemist

text: and

text: James

text: Hutton

text: the

text: first

text: modern

text: geologist

question: Who did Voltaire say that France looked to for ideas of civilization?

answer: Scotland

text: Scotland

question: What was the profession of James Anderson?

answer: agronomist

text: agronomist

question: Who was the first modern geologist?

answer: James Hutton

text: James Hutton

question: William Cullen and Joseph Black shared what two occupations?

answer: physicist and chemist

text: physicist and chemist


text: Chopin has figured extensively in Polish literature, both in serious critical studies of his life and music and in fictional treatments. The earliest manifestation was probably an 1830 sonnet on Chopin by Leon Ulrich. French writers on Chopin (apart from Sand) have included Marcel Proust and André Gide; and he has also featured in works of Gottfried Benn and Boris Pasternak. There are numerous biographies of Chopin in English (see bibliography for some of these).

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: Chopin

text: has

text: figured

text: extensively

text: in

text: Polish

text: literature

text: both

text: in

text: serious

text: critical

text: studies

text: of

text: his

text: life

text: and

text: music

text: and

text: in

text: fictional

text: treatments

text: The

text: earliest

text: manifestation

text: was

text: probably

text: an

text: sonnet

text: on

text: Chopin

text: by

text: Leon

text: Ulrich

text: French

text: writers

text: on

text: Chopin

text: apart

text: from

text: Sand

text: have

text: included

text: Marcel

text: Proust

text: and

text: André

text: Gide

text: and

text: he

text: has

text: also

text: featured

text: in

text: works

text: of

text: Gottfried

text: Benn

text: and

text: Boris

text: Pasternak

text: There

text: are

text: numerous

text: biographies

text: of

text: Chopin

text: in

text: English

text: see

text: bibliography

text: for

text: some

text: of

text: these

question: An 1830 sonnet was written about Chopin by what man?

answer: Leon Ulrich

text: Leon Ulrich

question: Aside from George Sands what two French authors have written about Chopin?

answer: Marcel Proust and André Gide

text: Marcel Proust and André Gide

question: Leon Ulrich wrote about Chopin in what format?

answer: sonnet

text: sonnet

question: What is the earliest sighting of Chopin in Polish Literature?

answer: sonnet on Chopin by Leon Ulrich

text: sonnet on Chopin by Leon Ulrich

question: When did Ulrich do his sonnet on Chopin?

answer: 1830

question: In addition to Polish and French, what other language has numerous biogrpahies of Chopin?

answer: English

text: English


text: Sure South Atlantic Ltd ("Sure") offers television for the island via 17 analogue terrestrial UHF channels, offering a mix of British, US, and South African programming. The channels are from DSTV and include Mnet, SuperSport and BBC channels. The feed signal, from MultiChoice DStv in South Africa, is received by a satellite dish at Bryant's Beacon from Intelsat 7 in the Ku band.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: Sure

text: South

text: Atlantic

text: Ltd

text: Sure

text: offers

text: television

text: for

text: the

text: island

text: via

text: analogue

text: terrestrial

text: UHF

text: channels

text: offering

text: a

text: mix

text: of

text: British

text: US

text: and

text: South

text: African

text: programming

text: The

text: channels

text: are

text: from

text: DSTV

text: and

text: include

text: Mnet

text: SuperSport

text: and

text: BBC

text: channels

text: The

text: feed

text: signal

text: from

text: MultiChoice

text: DStv

text: in

text: South

text: Africa

text: is

text: received

text: by

text: a

text: satellite

text: dish

text: at

text: Bryant

text: 's

text: Beacon

text: from

text: Intelsat

text: in

text: the

text: Ku

text: band

question: What does Sure South Atlantic LTD offer?

answer: television

text: television

question: How many analogue terrestrial UHF channels does Sure South Atlantic LTD have?

answer: 17

question: What is the feed signal of Sure South Atlantic received by?

answer: a satellite dish

text: a satellite dish


text: According to the apocryphal Gospel of James, Mary was the daughter of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne. Before Mary's conception, Anne had been barren and was far advanced in years. Mary was given to service as a consecrated virgin in the Temple in Jerusalem when she was three years old, much like Hannah took Samuel to the Tabernacle as recorded in the Old Testament. Some apocryphal accounts state that at the time of her betrothal to Joseph, Mary was 12–14 years old, and he was thirty years old, but such accounts are unreliable.

title: Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)

title: Mary_(mother_of_Jesus

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: apocryphal

text: Gospel

text: of

text: James

text: Mary

text: was

text: the

text: daughter

text: of

text: Saint

text: Joachim

text: and

text: Saint

text: Anne

text: Before

text: Mary

text: 's

text: conception

text: Anne

text: had

text: been

text: barren

text: and

text: was

text: far

text: advanced

text: in

text: years

text: Mary

text: was

text: given

text: to

text: service

text: as

text: a

text: consecrated

text: virgin

text: in

text: the

text: Temple

text: in

text: Jerusalem

text: when

text: she

text: was

text: three

text: years

text: old

text: much

text: like

text: Hannah

text: took

text: Samuel

text: to

text: the

text: Tabernacle

text: as

text: recorded

text: in

text: the

text: Old

text: Testament

text: Some

text: apocryphal

text: accounts

text: state

text: that

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: her

text: betrothal

text: to

text: Joseph

text: Mary

text: was

text: years

text: old

text: and

text: he

text: was

text: thirty

text: years

text: old

text: but

text: such

text: accounts

text: are

text: unreliable

question: Who were Mary's parents?

answer: Saint Joachim and Saint Anne

text: Saint Joachim and Saint Anne

question: How old was Mary when she was consecrated as a virgin?

answer: three years old

text: three years old

question: Who was Mary betrothed to?

answer: Joseph

text: Joseph

question: When she was betrothed to Joseph, approximately how old was Mary?

answer: 12–14 years old

text: 12–14 years old

question: Where was Mary consecrated as a virgin?

answer: the Temple in Jerusalem

text: the Temple in Jerusalem

question: How old was Anne when she gave birth to Mary?

text: 12–14 years old

question: How old was Hannah when Samuel took her to the Tabernacle?

text: three years old

question: Who was Hannah betrothed to?

text: Samuel

question: Where did Saint Joachim and Saint Anne become betrothed?

text: the Temple in Jerusalem

question: Where was Saint Anne consecrated as a virgin?

text: the Temple in Jerusalem


text: Support for the U.S. cooled when America made clear its determination to invade Iraq in late 2002. Even so, many of the "coalition of the willing" countries that unconditionally supported the U.S.-led military action have sent troops to Afghanistan, particular neighboring Pakistan, which has disowned its earlier support for the Taliban and contributed tens of thousands of soldiers to the conflict. Pakistan was also engaged in the War in North-West Pakistan (Waziristan War). Supported by U.S. intelligence, Pakistan was attempting to remove the Taliban insurgency and al-Qaeda element from the northern tribal areas.

title: War_on_Terror

title: War_on_Terror

text: Support

text: for

text: the

text: U.S.

text: cooled

text: when

text: America

text: made

text: clear

text: its

text: determination

text: to

text: invade

text: Iraq

text: in

text: late

text: Even

text: so

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: coalition

text: of

text: the

text: willing

text: countries

text: that

text: unconditionally

text: supported

text: the

text: U.S

text: led

text: military

text: action

text: have

text: sent

text: troops

text: to

text: Afghanistan

text: particular

text: neighboring

text: Pakistan

text: which

text: has

text: disowned

text: its

text: earlier

text: support

text: for

text: the

text: Taliban

text: and

text: contributed

text: tens

text: of

text: thousands

text: of

text: soldiers

text: to

text: the

text: conflict

text: Pakistan

text: was

text: also

text: engaged

text: in

text: the

text: War

text: in

text: North

text: West

text: Pakistan

text: Waziristan

text: War

text: Supported

text: by

text: U.S.

text: intelligence

text: Pakistan

text: was

text: attempting

text: to

text: remove

text: the

text: Taliban

text: insurgency

text: and

text: al

text: Qaeda

text: element

text: from

text: the

text: northern

text: tribal

text: areas

question: What were the countries who supported the US's post-9/11 invasions called?

answer: the "coalition of the willing"

text: the "coalition of the willing"

question: Which country disavowed the Taliban?

answer: Pakistan

text: Pakistan

question: How many soldiers did Pakistan contribute to fight the Taliban?

answer: tens of thousands

text: tens of thousands

question: Where in Pakistan is Waziristan?

answer: North-West

text: North-West

question: Where did Pakistan try to remove the Taliban and Al-Qaeda?

answer: northern tribal areas

text: northern tribal areas

question: What action made support for the US increase?

question: Which country refused to send troops into Afghanistan?

text: Pakistan

question: How many soldiers did the coalition of the willing contribute?

text: tens of thousands

question: What was the war in the northern tribal areas called?

text: Waziristan War

question: What was Afghanistan attempting with the US's help?


text: The humanists' close study of Latin literary texts soon enabled them to discern historical differences in the writing styles of different periods. By analogy with what they saw as decline of Latin, they applied the principle of ad fontes, or back to the sources, across broad areas of learning, seeking out manuscripts of Patristic literature as well as pagan authors. In 1439, while employed in Naples at the court of Alfonso V of Aragon (at the time engaged in a dispute with the Papal States) the humanist Lorenzo Valla used stylistic textual analysis, now called philology, to prove that the Donation of Constantine, which purported to confer temporal powers on the Pope of Rome, was an 8th-century forgery. For the next 70 years, however, neither Valla nor any of his contemporaries thought to apply the techniques of philology to other controversial manuscripts in this way. Instead, after the fall of the Byzantine Empire to the Turks in 1453, which brought a flood of Greek Orthodox refugees to Italy, humanist scholars increasingly turned to the study of Neoplatonism and Hermeticism, hoping to bridge the differences between the Greek and Roman Churches, and even between Christianity itself and the non-Christian world. The refugees brought with them Greek manuscripts, not only of Plato and Aristotle, but also of the Christian Gospels, previously unavailable in the Latin West.

title: Humanism

title: Humanism

text: The

text: humanists

text: close

text: study

text: of

text: Latin

text: literary

text: texts

text: soon

text: enabled

text: them

text: to

text: discern

text: historical

text: differences

text: in

text: the

text: writing

text: styles

text: of

text: different

text: periods

text: By

text: analogy

text: with

text: what

text: they

text: saw

text: as

text: decline

text: of

text: Latin

text: they

text: applied

text: the

text: principle

text: of

text: ad

text: fontes

text: or

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: sources

text: across

text: broad

text: areas

text: of

text: learning

text: seeking

text: out

text: manuscripts

text: of

text: Patristic

text: literature

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: pagan

text: authors

text: In

text: while

text: employed

text: in

text: Naples

text: at

text: the

text: court

text: of

text: Alfonso

text: V

text: of

text: Aragon

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: engaged

text: in

text: a

text: dispute

text: with

text: the

text: Papal

text: States

text: the

text: humanist

text: Lorenzo

text: Valla

text: used

text: stylistic

text: textual

text: analysis

text: now

text: called

text: philology

text: to

text: prove

text: that

text: the

text: Donation

text: of

text: Constantine

text: which

text: purported

text: to

text: confer

text: temporal

text: powers

text: on

text: the

text: Pope

text: of

text: Rome

text: was

text: an

text: century

text: forgery

text: For

text: the

text: next

text: years

text: however

text: neither

text: Valla

text: nor

text: any

text: of

text: his

text: contemporaries

text: thought

text: to

text: apply

text: the

text: techniques

text: of

text: philology

text: to

text: other

text: controversial

text: manuscripts

text: in

text: this

text: way

text: Instead

text: after

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: Empire

text: to

text: the

text: Turks

text: in

text: which

text: brought

text: a

text: flood

text: of

text: Greek

text: Orthodox

text: refugees

text: to

text: Italy

text: humanist

text: scholars

text: increasingly

text: turned

text: to

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: Neoplatonism

text: and

text: Hermeticism

text: hoping

text: to

text: bridge

text: the

text: differences

text: between

text: the

text: Greek

text: and

text: Roman

text: Churches

text: and

text: even

text: between

text: Christianity

text: itself

text: and

text: the

text: non

text: Christian

text: world

text: The

text: refugees

text: brought

text: with

text: them

text: Greek

text: manuscripts

text: not

text: only

text: of

text: Plato

text: and

text: Aristotle

text: but

text: also

text: of

text: the

text: Christian

text: Gospels

text: previously

text: unavailable

text: in

text: the

text: Latin

text: West

question: How were humanist able to identify the development of humanist thought?

answer: Latin literary texts

text: Latin literary texts

question: What was included in this quest for knowledge of the belief system?

answer: Patristic literature

text: Patristic literature

question: If your were unsure of the authenticity of an ancient text how could you verify it?

answer: philology

text: philology

question: What caused a large migration of Greek refuges in the 1450s?

answer: Greek manuscripts

text: Greek manuscripts

question: How were humanist able to ruin the development of humanist thought?

text: Latin literary texts

question: What was missing in this quest for knowledge of the belief system?

text: Patristic literature

question: What helps to discredit the authenticity of an ancient text?

text: philology

question: What caused a small migration of Greek refuges in the 1550s?

text: Byzantine Empire


text: The Oeselians or Osilians (Estonian saarlased; singular: saarlane) were a historical subdivision of Estonians inhabiting Saaremaa (Danish: Øsel; German: Ösel; Swedish: Ösel), an Estonian island in the Baltic Sea. They were first mentioned as early as the second century BC in Ptolemy's Geography III. The Oeselians were known in the Old Norse Icelandic Sagas and in Heimskringla as Víkingr frá Esthland (Estonian Vikings). Their sailing vessels were called pirate ships by Henry of Latvia in his Latin chronicles written at the beginning of the 13th century.

title: Estonia

title: Estonia

text: The

text: Oeselians

text: or

text: Osilians

text: Estonian

text: saarlased

text: singular

text: saarlane

text: were

text: a

text: historical

text: subdivision

text: of

text: Estonians

text: inhabiting

text: Saaremaa

text: Danish

text: Øsel

text: German

text: Ösel

text: Swedish

text: Ösel

text: an

text: Estonian

text: island

text: in

text: the

text: Baltic

text: Sea

text: They

text: were

text: first

text: mentioned

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: the

text: second

text: century

text: BC

text: in

text: Ptolemy

text: 's

text: Geography

text: III

text: The

text: Oeselians

text: were

text: known

text: in

text: the

text: Old

text: Norse

text: Icelandic

text: Sagas

text: and

text: in

text: Heimskringla

text: as

text: Víkingr

text: frá

text: Esthland

text: Estonian

text: Vikings

text: Their

text: sailing

text: vessels

text: were

text: called

text: pirate

text: ships

text: by

text: Henry

text: of

text: Latvia

text: in

text: his

text: Latin

text: chronicles

text: written

text: at

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: century

question: Which subdivision of Estonians lived in Saaremaa?

answer: The Oeselians

text: The Oeselians

question: Where is Saaremaa located?

answer: the Baltic Sea

text: the Baltic Sea

question: Where was the initial mention of the Oeselians?

answer: Ptolemy's Geography III

text: Ptolemy's Geography III

question: Who described the sailboats of the Estonians as pirate ships?

answer: Henry of Latvia

text: Henry of Latvia


text: Abu el-Haj argues that genomics and the mapping of lineages and clusters liberates "the new racial science from the older one by disentangling ancestry from culture and capacity."[citation needed] As an example, she refers to recent work by Hammer et al., which aimed to test the claim that present-day Jews are more closely related to one another than to neighbouring non-Jewish populations. Hammer et al. found that the degree of genetic similarity among Jews shifted depending on the locus investigated, and suggested that this was the result of natural selection acting on particular loci. They focused on the non-recombining Y-chromosome to "circumvent some of the complications associated with selection".

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: Abu

text: el

text: Haj

text: argues

text: that

text: genomics

text: and

text: the

text: mapping

text: of

text: lineages

text: and

text: clusters

text: liberates

text: the

text: new

text: racial

text: science

text: from

text: the

text: older

text: one

text: by

text: disentangling

text: ancestry

text: from

text: culture

text: and

text: capacity."[citation

text: needed

text: As

text: an

text: example

text: she

text: refers

text: to

text: recent

text: work

text: by

text: Hammer

text: et

text: al

text: which

text: aimed

text: to

text: test

text: the

text: claim

text: that

text: present

text: day

text: Jews

text: are

text: more

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: one

text: another

text: than

text: to

text: neighbouring

text: non

text: Jewish

text: populations

text: Hammer

text: et

text: al

text: found

text: that

text: the

text: degree

text: of

text: genetic

text: similarity

text: among

text: Jews

text: shifted

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: locus

text: investigated

text: and

text: suggested

text: that

text: this

text: was

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: natural

text: selection

text: acting

text: on

text: particular

text: loci

text: They

text: focused

text: on

text: the

text: non

text: recombining

text: Y

text: chromosome

text: to

text: circumvent

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: complications

text: associated

text: with

text: selection

question: What does mapping clusters disentangle ancestry from?

answer: culture

text: culture

question: Hammer and others recently aimed to test what claim about how closely related present-day Jews are to what group?

answer: neighbouring non-Jewish populations

text: neighbouring non-Jewish populations

question: What shifted depending on the locus investigated?

answer: the degree of genetic similarity among Jews

text: the degree of genetic similarity among Jews

question: What was suggested the reason for the degree of genetic shift among Jews was the result of?

answer: natural selection acting on particular loci

text: natural selection acting on particular loci

question: What chromosome was focused on to circumvent some of the complications associated with selection?

answer: Y

text: Y


text: The 100th meridian roughly corresponds with the line that divides the Great Plains into an area that receive 20 inches (510 millimetres) or more of rainfall per year and an area that receives less than 20 in (510 mm). In this context, the High Plains, as well as Southern Alberta, south-western Saskatchewan and Eastern Montana are mainly semi hot steppe land and are generally characterised by rangeland or marginal farmland. The region (especially the High Plains) is periodically subjected to extended periods of drought; high winds in the region may then generate devastating dust storms. The eastern Great Plains near the eastern boundary falls in the humid subtropical climate zone in the southern areas, and the northern and central areas fall in the humid continental climate.

title: Great_Plains

title: Great_Plains

text: The

text: meridian

text: roughly

text: corresponds

text: with

text: the

text: line

text: that

text: divides

text: the

text: Great

text: Plains

text: into

text: an

text: area

text: that

text: receive

text: inches

text: millimetres

text: or

text: more

text: of

text: rainfall

text: per

text: year

text: and

text: an

text: area

text: that

text: receives

text: less

text: than

text: in

text: mm

text: In

text: this

text: context

text: the

text: High

text: Plains

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Southern

text: Alberta

text: south

text: western

text: Saskatchewan

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Montana

text: are

text: mainly

text: semi

text: hot

text: steppe

text: land

text: and

text: are

text: generally

text: characterised

text: by

text: rangeland

text: or

text: marginal

text: farmland

text: The

text: region

text: especially

text: the

text: High

text: Plains

text: is

text: periodically

text: subjected

text: to

text: extended

text: periods

text: of

text: drought

text: high

text: winds

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: may

text: then

text: generate

text: devastating

text: dust

text: storms

text: The

text: eastern

text: Great

text: Plains

text: near

text: the

text: eastern

text: boundary

text: falls

text: in

text: the

text: humid

text: subtropical

text: climate

text: zone

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: areas

text: and

text: the

text: northern

text: and

text: central

text: areas

text: fall

text: in

text: the

text: humid

text: continental

text: climate

question: what is the name of the line that divides the great plains?

answer: The 100th meridian

text: The 100th meridian

question: about how much rainfall does the great plains get per year?

answer: 20 inches

text: 20 inches

question: what do high winds in the area sometimes cause?

answer: dust storms

text: dust storms

question: what type of climate does the eastern great plains fall into?

answer: humid subtropical climate

text: humid subtropical climate

question: What Canadian province lies north of the Great Plains?

text: Alberta

question: What would be a state that lies east of the Great Plains?

text: Montana

question: What meridian comprises the northern edge of the Great Plains?

question: What meridian comprises the southern edge of the Great Plains?

question: How much rain does Northern Alberta get every year?

text: 20 inches


text: According to Pew Research, 7% of the population identifies as Christian; 4% as Muslim; 1% follows traditional animistic beliefs; and 2% follow other religions, including Mahayana Buddhism, Hinduism, and East Asian religions. However, according to a US State Department's 2010 international religious freedom report, official statistics are alleged to underestimate the non-Buddhist population. Independent researchers put the Muslim population at 6 to 10% of the population[citation needed]. Jehovah's Witnesses have been present since 1914 and have about 80 congregations around the country and a branch office in Yangon publishing in 16 languages. A tiny Jewish community in Rangoon had a synagogue but no resident rabbi to conduct services.

title: Myanmar

title: Myanmar

text: According

text: to

text: Pew

text: Research

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: identifies

text: as

text: Christian

text: as

text: Muslim

text: follows

text: traditional

text: animistic

text: beliefs

text: and

text: follow

text: other

text: religions

text: including

text: Mahayana

text: Buddhism

text: Hinduism

text: and

text: East

text: Asian

text: religions

text: However

text: according

text: to

text: a

text: US

text: State

text: Department

text: 's

text: international

text: religious

text: freedom

text: report

text: official

text: statistics

text: are

text: alleged

text: to

text: underestimate

text: the

text: non

text: Buddhist

text: population

text: Independent

text: researchers

text: put

text: the

text: Muslim

text: population

text: at

text: to

text: of

text: the

text: population[citation

text: needed

text: Jehovah

text: 's

text: Witnesses

text: have

text: been

text: present

text: since

text: and

text: have

text: about

text: congregations

text: around

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: a

text: branch

text: office

text: in

text: Yangon

text: publishing

text: in

text: languages

text: A

text: tiny

text: Jewish

text: community

text: in

text: Rangoon

text: had

text: a

text: synagogue

text: but

text: no

text: resident

text: rabbi

text: to

text: conduct

text: services

question: What part of the populace does not  identify with conformists religious  majority?

answer: 7% of the population identifies as Christian; 4% as Muslim; 1% follows traditional animistic beliefs; and 2% follow other religions

text: 7% of the population identifies as Christian; 4% as Muslim; 1% follows traditional animistic beliefs; and 2% follow other religions

question: Are these percentages an accurate estimate of nonconformists religious  groups ?

answer: international religious freedom report, official statistics are alleged to underestimate the non-Buddhist population.

text: international religious freedom report, official statistics are alleged to underestimate the non-Buddhist population.

question: How many dwelling are dedicated to the worship of the faith Jehovah's Witnesses ?

answer: 80 congregations around the country and a branch office in Yangon

text: 80 congregations around the country and a branch office in Yangon

question: How many dialects are the publications distributed by the Jehovah Witness available in ?

answer: 16 languages

text: 16 languages

question: What problem presented itself to the Jewish locale in Rangoon ?

answer: a synagogue but no resident rabbi to conduct services

text: a synagogue but no resident rabbi to conduct services


text: In the UK the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents supports a proposal to observe SDST's additional hour year-round, but is opposed in some industries, such as postal workers and farmers, and particularly by those living in the northern regions of the UK.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: In

text: the

text: UK

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: for

text: the

text: Prevention

text: of

text: Accidents

text: supports

text: a

text: proposal

text: to

text: observe

text: SDST

text: 's

text: additional

text: hour

text: year

text: round

text: but

text: is

text: opposed

text: in

text: some

text: industries

text: such

text: as

text: postal

text: workers

text: and

text: farmers

text: and

text: particularly

text: by

text: those

text: living

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: UK

question: What was the name of the organization that supported adding an additional hour to their clocks all year?

answer: the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents

text: the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents

question: Joining farmers, what other kind of workers opposed SDST?

answer: postal workers

text: postal workers

question: What regions of the United Kingdom were generally against SDST?

answer: northern regions

text: northern regions


text: Several notable video game developers criticized Microsoft for making its Windows Store a closed platform subject to its own regulations, as it conflicted with their view of the PC as an open platform. Markus "Notch" Persson (creator of the indie game Minecraft), Gabe Newell (co-founder of Valve Corporation and developer of software distribution platform Steam), and Rob Pardo from Activision Blizzard voiced concern about the closed nature of the Windows Store. However, Tom Warren of The Verge stated that Microsoft's addition of the Store was simply responding to the success of both Apple and Google in pursuing the "curated application store approach."

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: Several

text: notable

text: video

text: game

text: developers

text: criticized

text: Microsoft

text: for

text: making

text: its

text: Windows

text: Store

text: a

text: closed

text: platform

text: subject

text: to

text: its

text: own

text: regulations

text: as

text: it

text: conflicted

text: with

text: their

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: PC

text: as

text: an

text: open

text: platform

text: Markus

text: Notch

text: Persson

text: creator

text: of

text: the

text: indie

text: game

text: Minecraft

text: Gabe

text: Newell

text: co

text: founder

text: of

text: Valve

text: Corporation

text: and

text: developer

text: of

text: software

text: distribution

text: platform

text: Steam

text: and

text: Rob

text: Pardo

text: from

text: Activision

text: Blizzard

text: voiced

text: concern

text: about

text: the

text: closed

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: Windows

text: Store

text: However

text: Tom

text: Warren

text: of

text: The

text: Verge

text: stated

text: that

text: Microsoft

text: 's

text: addition

text: of

text: the

text: Store

text: was

text: simply

text: responding

text: to

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: both

text: Apple

text: and

text: Google

text: in

text: pursuing

text: the

text: curated

text: application

text: store

text: approach

question: Who criticized Microsofts closed platform Windows Store?

answer: video game developers

text: video game developers

question: Who created Minecraft?

answer: Markus "Notch" Persson

text: Markus "Notch" Persson

question: Who developed Steam?

answer: Gabe Newell

text: Gabe Newell

question: What company is Rob Pardo associated with?

answer: Activision Blizzard

text: Activision Blizzard

question: What was the main reasoning behind the creation of the Windows Store?

answer: responding to the success of both Apple and Google in pursuing the "curated application store approach."

text: responding to the success of both Apple and Google in pursuing the "curated application store approach."

question: Who criticized Microsofts open platform Windows Store?

text: video game developers

question: Who hated Minecraft?

text: Markus "Notch" Persson

question: Who developed Dream?

text: Gabe Newell

question: What company is Rob Pardo unassociated with?

text: Activision Blizzard

question: What wasn't the main reasoning behind the creation of the Windows Store?


text: The biotechnology sector is also growing in New York City, based upon the city's strength in academic scientific research and public and commercial financial support. On December 19, 2011, then Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg announced his choice of Cornell University and Technion-Israel Institute of Technology to build a US$2 billion graduate school of applied sciences called Cornell Tech on Roosevelt Island with the goal of transforming New York City into the world's premier technology capital. By mid-2014, Accelerator, a biotech investment firm, had raised more than US$30 million from investors, including Eli Lilly and Company, Pfizer, and Johnson & Johnson, for initial funding to create biotechnology startups at the Alexandria Center for Life Science, which encompasses more than 700,000 square feet (65,000 m2) on East 29th Street and promotes collaboration among scientists and entrepreneurs at the center and with nearby academic, medical, and research institutions. The New York City Economic Development Corporation's Early Stage Life Sciences Funding Initiative and venture capital partners, including Celgene, General Electric Ventures, and Eli Lilly, committed a minimum of US$100 million to help launch 15 to 20 ventures in life sciences and biotechnology.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: The

text: biotechnology

text: sector

text: is

text: also

text: growing

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: based

text: upon

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: strength

text: in

text: academic

text: scientific

text: research

text: and

text: public

text: and

text: commercial

text: financial

text: support

text: On

text: December

text: then

text: Mayor

text: Michael

text: R.

text: Bloomberg

text: announced

text: his

text: choice

text: of

text: Cornell

text: University

text: and

text: Technion

text: Israel

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: to

text: build

text: a

text: US$

text: billion

text: graduate

text: school

text: of

text: applied

text: sciences

text: called

text: Cornell

text: Tech

text: on

text: Roosevelt

text: Island

text: with

text: the

text: goal

text: of

text: transforming

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: into

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: premier

text: technology

text: capital

text: By

text: Accelerator

text: a

text: biotech

text: investment

text: firm

text: had

text: raised

text: more

text: than

text: US$

text: million

text: from

text: investors

text: including

text: Eli

text: Lilly

text: and

text: Company

text: Pfizer

text: and

text: Johnson

text: Johnson

text: for

text: initial

text: funding

text: to

text: create

text: biotechnology

text: startups

text: at

text: the

text: Alexandria

text: Center

text: for

text: Life

text: Science

text: which

text: encompasses

text: more

text: than

text: square

text: feet

text: on

text: East

text: Street

text: and

text: promotes

text: collaboration

text: among

text: scientists

text: and

text: entrepreneurs

text: at

text: the

text: center

text: and

text: with

text: nearby

text: academic

text: medical

text: and

text: research

text: institutions

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Economic

text: Development

text: Corporation

text: 's

text: Early

text: Stage

text: Life

text: Sciences

text: Funding

text: Initiative

text: and

text: venture

text: capital

text: partners

text: including

text: Celgene

text: General

text: Electric

text: Ventures

text: and

text: Eli

text: Lilly

text: committed

text: a

text: minimum

text: of

text: US$

text: million

text: to

text: help

text: launch

text: to

text: ventures

text: in

text: life

text: sciences

text: and

text: biotechnology

question: Along with Cornell University, what institution is involved in the building of Cornell Tech?

answer: Technion-Israel Institute of Technology

text: Technion-Israel Institute of Technology

question: What is the cost to build Cornell Tech?

answer: US$2 billion

text: US$2 billion

question: On what island is Cornell Tech located?

answer: Roosevelt Island

text: Roosevelt Island

question: About how much capital did Accelerator raise as of the middle of 2014?

answer: US$30 million

text: US$30 million

question: How large is the Alexandria Center for Life Science in square meters?

answer: 65,000

question: In 2011, what school was built on Roosevelt Island?

answer: Cornell Tech

text: Cornell Tech


text: In 1975, the most prominent government reforms regarding family law in a Muslim country were set in motion in the Somali Democratic Republic, which put women and men, including husbands and wives, on complete equal footing. The 1975 Somali Family Law gave men and women equal division of property between the husband and wife upon divorce and the exclusive right to control by each spouse over his or her personal property.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: In

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: government

text: reforms

text: regarding

text: family

text: law

text: in

text: a

text: Muslim

text: country

text: were

text: set

text: in

text: motion

text: in

text: the

text: Somali

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: which

text: put

text: women

text: and

text: men

text: including

text: husbands

text: and

text: wives

text: on

text: complete

text: equal

text: footing

text: The

text: Somali

text: Family

text: Law

text: gave

text: men

text: and

text: women

text: equal

text: division

text: of

text: property

text: between

text: the

text: husband

text: and

text: wife

text: upon

text: divorce

text: and

text: the

text: exclusive

text: right

text: to

text: control

text: by

text: each

text: spouse

text: over

text: his

text: or

text: her

text: personal

text: property

question: What law gave Somali husbands and wives equal rights over personal property?

answer: 1975 Somali Family Law

text: 1975 Somali Family Law

question: What was the official name of the country in which the 1975 Somali Family Law was passed?

answer: the Somali Democratic Republic

text: the Somali Democratic Republic

question: In addition to giving spouses equal rights over their personal property during marriage, what did the Somali Family Law give them?

answer: equal division of property between the husband and wife upon divorce

text: equal division of property between the husband and wife upon divorce


text: Since 1066, when Harold Godwinson and William the Conqueror were crowned, the coronations of English and British monarchs have been held there. There have been at least 16 royal weddings at the abbey since 1100. Two were of reigning monarchs (Henry I and Richard II), although, before 1919, there had been none for some 500 years.

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: Since

text: when

text: Harold

text: Godwinson

text: and

text: William

text: the

text: Conqueror

text: were

text: crowned

text: the

text: coronations

text: of

text: English

text: and

text: British

text: monarchs

text: have

text: been

text: held

text: there

text: There

text: have

text: been

text: at

text: least

text: royal

text: weddings

text: at

text: the

text: abbey

text: since

text: Two

text: were

text: of

text: reigning

text: monarchs

text: Henry

text: I

text: and

text: Richard

text: II

text: although

text: before

text: there

text: had

text: been

text: for

text: some

text: years

question: Who were the first monarchs crowned at Westminster Abbey?

answer: Harold Godwinson and William the Conqueror

text: Harold Godwinson and William the Conqueror

question: Since when have coronations been held at Westminster Abbey?

answer: 1066

question: How many royal weddings have occurred at the abbey?

answer: 16

question: Which two reigning monarchs had weddings at the abbey?

answer: Henry I and Richard II

text: Henry I and Richard II

question: When did royal weddings begin at the church?

answer: 1100

question: Who were the last monarchs crowned at Westminster Abbey?

question: Since when haven't coronations been held at Westminster Abbey?

question: How many royal weddings haven't occurred at the abbey?

question: Which two reigning monarchs had funerals at the abbey?

text: Henry I and Richard II

question: When did royal weddings end at the church?


text: There are 20 clubs in the Premier League. During the course of a season (from August to May) each club plays the others twice (a double round-robin system), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents, for a total of 38 games. Teams receive three points for a win and one point for a draw. No points are awarded for a loss. Teams are ranked by total points, then goal difference, and then goals scored. If still equal, teams are deemed to occupy the same position. If there is a tie for the championship, for relegation, or for qualification to other competitions, a play-off match at a neutral venue decides rank. The three lowest placed teams are relegated into the Football League Championship, and the top two teams from the Championship, together with the winner of play-offs involving the third to sixth placed Championship clubs, are promoted in their place.

title: Premier_League

title: Premier_League

text: There

text: are

text: clubs

text: in

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: During

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: a

text: season

text: from

text: August

text: to

text: May

text: each

text: club

text: plays

text: the

text: others

text: twice

text: a

text: double

text: round

text: robin

text: system

text: once

text: at

text: their

text: home

text: stadium

text: and

text: once

text: at

text: that

text: of

text: their

text: opponents

text: for

text: a

text: total

text: of

text: games

text: Teams

text: receive

text: three

text: points

text: for

text: a

text: win

text: and

text: one

text: point

text: for

text: a

text: draw

text: No

text: points

text: are

text: awarded

text: for

text: a

text: loss

text: Teams

text: are

text: ranked

text: by

text: total

text: points

text: then

text: goal

text: difference

text: and

text: then

text: goals

text: scored

text: If

text: still

text: equal

text: teams

text: are

text: deemed

text: to

text: occupy

text: the

text: same

text: position

text: If

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: tie

text: for

text: the

text: championship

text: for

text: relegation

text: or

text: for

text: qualification

text: to

text: other

text: competitions

text: a

text: play

text: off

text: match

text: at

text: a

text: neutral

text: venue

text: decides

text: rank

text: The

text: three

text: lowest

text: placed

text: teams

text: are

text: relegated

text: into

text: the

text: Football

text: League

text: Championship

text: and

text: the

text: top

text: two

text: teams

text: from

text: the

text: Championship

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: winner

text: of

text: play

text: offs

text: involving

text: the

text: third

text: to

text: sixth

text: placed

text: Championship

text: clubs

text: are

text: promoted

text: in

text: their

text: place

question: When does the Premier League have its playing season?

answer: During the course of a season (from August to May)

text: During the course of a season (from August to May)

question: How many games does each club play each season?

answer: each club plays the others twice (a double round-robin system), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents, for a total of 38 games.

text: each club plays the others twice (a double round-robin system), once at their home stadium and once at that of their opponents, for a total of 38 games.

question: How many points does each club receive for each win?

answer: Teams receive three points for a win

text: Teams receive three points for a win

question: Which criteria is used to rank the clubs?

answer: Teams are ranked by total points, then goal difference, and then goals scored.

text: Teams are ranked by total points, then goal difference, and then goals scored.

question: How is a tie for the championship handled?

answer: If there is a tie for the championship, for relegation, or for qualification to other competitions, a play-off match at a neutral venue decides rank.

text: If there is a tie for the championship, for relegation, or for qualification to other competitions, a play-off match at a neutral venue decides rank.

question: How many clubs are currently in the Premier League?

answer: 20

question: Which month marks the start of a Premier League season?

answer: May

text: May

question: How many times does each club play every other club?

answer: twice

text: twice

question: How many total games does each club in the Premier League play per season?

answer: 38

question: How many clubs are in the Premier Championship League?

question: A Premier League season runs from May to when?

text: August

question: During which months does a Premier Championship League take place?

text: from August to May

question: Each team plays the others three times during the course of what?

text: a season

question: Each season, the 38 clubs in the Premier League play a total of how many games?


text: Broadly speaking, Daylight Saving Time was abandoned in the years after the war (with some notable exceptions including Canada, the UK, France, and Ireland for example). However, it was brought back for periods of time in many different places during the following decades, and commonly during the Second World War. It became widely adopted, particularly in North America and Europe starting in the 1970s as a result of the 1970s energy crisis.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: Broadly

text: speaking

text: Daylight

text: Saving

text: Time

text: was

text: abandoned

text: in

text: the

text: years

text: after

text: the

text: war

text: with

text: some

text: notable

text: exceptions

text: including

text: Canada

text: the

text: UK

text: France

text: and

text: Ireland

text: for

text: example

text: However

text: it

text: was

text: brought

text: back

text: for

text: periods

text: of

text: time

text: in

text: many

text: different

text: places

text: during

text: the

text: following

text: decades

text: and

text: commonly

text: during

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: It

text: became

text: widely

text: adopted

text: particularly

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: Europe

text: starting

text: in

text: the

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: energy

text: crisis

question: What event in the 1970s led more regions of North America to use DST?

answer: energy crisis

text: energy crisis

question: What country joined Canada, the UK, and Ireland in continuing to observe Daylight Saving Time after the war?

answer: Ireland

text: Ireland

question: Daylight Saving Time was used commonly during what war?

answer: Second World War

text: Second World War

question: Along with North America, what continent was affected heavily by the 1970s energy crisis?

answer: Europe

text: Europe


text: Whitehead makes the startling observation that "life is comparatively deficient in survival value." If humans can only exist for about a hundred years, and rocks for eight hundred million, then one is forced to ask why complex organisms ever evolved in the first place; as Whitehead humorously notes, "they certainly did not appear because they were better at that game than the rocks around them." He then observes that the mark of higher forms of life is that they are actively engaged in modifying their environment, an activity which he theorizes is directed toward the three-fold goal of living, living well, and living better. In other words, Whitehead sees life as directed toward the purpose of increasing its own satisfaction. Without such a goal, he sees the rise of life as totally unintelligible.

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

text: Whitehead

text: makes

text: the

text: startling

text: observation

text: that

text: life

text: is

text: comparatively

text: deficient

text: in

text: survival

text: value

text: If

text: humans

text: can

text: only

text: exist

text: for

text: about

text: a

text: hundred

text: years

text: and

text: rocks

text: for

text: eight

text: hundred

text: million

text: then

text: one

text: is

text: forced

text: to

text: ask

text: why

text: complex

text: organisms

text: ever

text: evolved

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: place

text: as

text: Whitehead

text: humorously

text: notes

text: they

text: certainly

text: did

text: not

text: appear

text: because

text: they

text: were

text: better

text: at

text: that

text: game

text: than

text: the

text: rocks

text: around

text: them

text: He

text: then

text: observes

text: that

text: the

text: mark

text: of

text: higher

text: forms

text: of

text: life

text: is

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: actively

text: engaged

text: in

text: modifying

text: their

text: environment

text: an

text: activity

text: which

text: he

text: theorizes

text: is

text: directed

text: toward

text: the

text: three

text: fold

text: goal

text: of

text: living

text: living

text: well

text: and

text: living

text: better

text: In

text: other

text: words

text: Whitehead

text: sees

text: life

text: as

text: directed

text: toward

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: increasing

text: its

text: own

text: satisfaction

text: Without

text: such

text: a

text: goal

text: he

text: sees

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: life

text: as

text: totally

text: unintelligible

question: Whitehead observes that life is deficient in what?

answer: survival value

text: survival value

question: What are higher life forms actively engaged in?

answer: modifying their environment

text: modifying their environment

question: How many goals of living is there?

answer: three

text: three

question: Whitehead sees life as directed towards what purpose?

answer: increasing its own satisfaction

text: increasing its own satisfaction

question: Without Whitehead's proposed purpose, life would be what?

answer: unintelligible

text: unintelligible

question: What observation did Whitehead make about life?

answer: "life is comparatively deficient in survival value."

text: "life is comparatively deficient in survival value."

question: What was Whitehead's response to questions about why complex life evolved?

answer: "they certainly did not appear because they were better at that game than the rocks around them."

text: "they certainly did not appear because they were better at that game than the rocks around them."

question: What did Whitehead state was the biggest indicator of a higher form of life?

answer: they are actively engaged in modifying their environment

text: they are actively engaged in modifying their environment

question: What did Whitehead believe are the goals f life?

answer: living, living well, and living better

text: living, living well, and living better

question: What did Whitehead believe was the fundamental purpose of life?

answer: increasing its own satisfaction

text: increasing its own satisfaction

question: What did Whitehead believe are not the goals of life?

text: living, living well, and living better

question: Whitehead observes that life is never deficient in what?

text: survival value

question: What are higher life forms never actively engaged in?

text: modifying their environment

question: Whitehead sees life as directed away from what purpose?

text: unintelligible


text: According to author Michael Carrithers, while there are good reasons to doubt the traditional account, "the outline of the life must be true: birth, maturity, renunciation, search, awakening and liberation, teaching, death." In writing her biography of the Buddha, Karen Armstrong noted, "It is obviously difficult, therefore, to write a biography of the Buddha that meets modern criteria, because we have very little information that can be considered historically sound... [but] we can be reasonably confident Siddhatta Gotama did indeed exist and that his disciples preserved the memory of his life and teachings as well as they could."[dubious – discuss]

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: According

text: to

text: author

text: Michael

text: Carrithers

text: while

text: there

text: are

text: good

text: reasons

text: to

text: doubt

text: the

text: traditional

text: account

text: the

text: outline

text: of

text: the

text: life

text: must

text: be

text: true

text: birth

text: maturity

text: renunciation

text: search

text: awakening

text: and

text: liberation

text: teaching

text: death

text: In

text: writing

text: her

text: biography

text: of

text: the

text: Buddha

text: Karen

text: Armstrong

text: noted

text: It

text: is

text: obviously

text: difficult

text: therefore

text: to

text: write

text: a

text: biography

text: of

text: the

text: Buddha

text: that

text: meets

text: modern

text: criteria

text: because

text: we

text: have

text: very

text: little

text: information

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: considered

text: historically

text: sound

text: but

text: we

text: can

text: be

text: reasonably

text: confident

text: Siddhatta

text: Gotama

text: did

text: indeed

text: exist

text: and

text: that

text: his

text: disciples

text: preserved

text: the

text: memory

text: of

text: his

text: life

text: and

text: teachings

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: they

text: could."[dubious

text: discuss

question: Who said "the outline of the life must be true: birth, maturity, renunciation, search, awakening and liberation, teaching, death."?

answer: Michael Carrithers

text: Michael Carrithers

question: What are some of the outlines of life?

answer: birth, maturity, renunciation

text: birth, maturity, renunciation

question: Who wrote a biography of Buddha?

answer: Karen Armstrong

text: Karen Armstrong

question: What do some say is Buddha's real name?

answer: Siddhatta Gotama

text: Siddhatta Gotama

question: What are the helpers called that helped Buddha?

answer: disciples

text: disciples

question: Who believes "the outline of the life must be true" in reference to Buddha?

answer: Michael Carrithers

text: Michael Carrithers

question: Karen Armstrong wrote a biography on who?

answer: the Buddha

text: the Buddha

question: Karen Armstrong has said that we can be confident who existed?

answer: Siddhatta Gotama

text: Siddhatta Gotama


text: Barbara Harff and Ted Gurr defined genocide as "the promotion and execution of policies by a state or its agents which result in the deaths of a substantial portion of a group ...[when] the victimized groups are defined primarily in terms of their communal characteristics, i.e., ethnicity, religion or nationality." Harff and Gurr also differentiate between genocides and politicides by the characteristics by which members of a group are identified by the state. In genocides, the victimized groups are defined primarily in terms of their communal characteristics, i.e., ethnicity, religion or nationality. In politicides the victim groups are defined primarily in terms of their hierarchical position or political opposition to the regime and dominant groups. Daniel D. Polsby and Don B. Kates, Jr. state that "... we follow Harff's distinction between genocides and 'pogroms,' which she describes as 'short-lived outbursts by mobs, which, although often condoned by authorities, rarely persist.' If the violence persists for long enough, however, Harff argues, the distinction between condonation and complicity collapses."

title: Genocide

title: Genocide

text: Barbara

text: Harff

text: and

text: Ted

text: Gurr

text: defined

text: genocide

text: as

text: the

text: promotion

text: and

text: execution

text: of

text: policies

text: by

text: a

text: state

text: or

text: its

text: agents

text: which

text: result

text: in

text: the

text: deaths

text: of

text: a

text: substantial

text: portion

text: of

text: a

text: group

text: when

text: the

text: victimized

text: groups

text: are

text: defined

text: primarily

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: their

text: communal

text: characteristics

text: i.e.

text: ethnicity

text: religion

text: or

text: nationality

text: Harff

text: and

text: Gurr

text: also

text: differentiate

text: between

text: genocides

text: and

text: politicides

text: by

text: the

text: characteristics

text: by

text: which

text: members

text: of

text: a

text: group

text: are

text: identified

text: by

text: the

text: state

text: In

text: genocides

text: the

text: victimized

text: groups

text: are

text: defined

text: primarily

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: their

text: communal

text: characteristics

text: i.e.

text: ethnicity

text: religion

text: or

text: nationality

text: In

text: politicides

text: the

text: victim

text: groups

text: are

text: defined

text: primarily

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: their

text: hierarchical

text: position

text: or

text: political

text: opposition

text: to

text: the

text: regime

text: and

text: dominant

text: groups

text: Daniel

text: D.

text: Polsby

text: and

text: Don

text: B.

text: Kates

text: Jr.

text: state

text: that

text: we

text: follow

text: Harff

text: 's

text: distinction

text: between

text: genocides

text: and

text: pogroms

text: which

text: she

text: describes

text: as

text: short

text: lived

text: outbursts

text: by

text: mobs

text: which

text: although

text: often

text: condoned

text: by

text: authorities

text: rarely

text: persist

text: If

text: the

text: violence

text: persists

text: for

text: long

text: enough

text: however

text: Harff

text: argues

text: the

text: distinction

text: between

text: condonation

text: and

text: complicity

text: collapses

question: Harff and Gurr's definition of genocide included the promotion and execution of what, by a state or its agents?

answer: policies

text: policies

question: Harff and Gurr further defined what in terms of ethnicity, religion or nationality?

answer: victimized groups

text: victimized groups

question: What was important to Harff and Gurr to distinguish from genocides?

answer: politicides

text: politicides

question: Along with ethnicity and and religion, what other characteristic defined a member of a victimized group?

answer: nationality

text: nationality

question: What did Harff define as "short-lived outbursts by mobs...?"

answer: pogroms

text: pogroms

question: Haff and Gurr's definition of opposition included the promotion and execution of what by a state or its agents?

text: policies

question: What did Harff and Gurr further define in terms of outbursts?

text: victimized groups

question: What was important to Harff and Gurr to distinguish between opposition?

text: politicides

question: What other characteristic defined a member of a regime along with ethnicity and religion?

text: nationality

question: What did Harff define as "short-lived outbursts by the state?"

text: pogroms


text: Current circulating in one antenna generally induces a voltage across the feedpoint of nearby antennas or antenna elements. The mathematics presented below are useful in analyzing the electrical behaviour of antenna arrays, where the properties of the individual array elements (such as half wave dipoles) are already known. If those elements were widely separated and driven in a certain amplitude and phase, then each would act independently as that element is known to. However, because of the mutual interaction between their electric and magnetic fields due to proximity, the currents in each element are not simply a function of the applied voltage (according to its driving point impedance), but depend on the currents in the other nearby elements. Note that this now is a near field phenomenon which could not be properly accounted for using the Friis transmission equation for instance.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: Current

text: circulating

text: in

text: one

text: antenna

text: generally

text: induces

text: a

text: voltage

text: across

text: the

text: feedpoint

text: of

text: nearby

text: antennas

text: or

text: antenna

text: elements

text: The

text: mathematics

text: presented

text: below

text: are

text: useful

text: in

text: analyzing

text: the

text: electrical

text: behaviour

text: of

text: antenna

text: arrays

text: where

text: the

text: properties

text: of

text: the

text: individual

text: array

text: elements

text: such

text: as

text: half

text: wave

text: dipoles

text: are

text: already

text: known

text: If

text: those

text: elements

text: were

text: widely

text: separated

text: and

text: driven

text: in

text: a

text: certain

text: amplitude

text: and

text: phase

text: then

text: each

text: would

text: act

text: independently

text: as

text: that

text: element

text: is

text: known

text: to

text: However

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: mutual

text: interaction

text: between

text: their

text: electric

text: and

text: magnetic

text: fields

text: due

text: to

text: proximity

text: the

text: currents

text: in

text: each

text: element

text: are

text: not

text: simply

text: a

text: function

text: of

text: the

text: applied

text: voltage

text: according

text: to

text: its

text: driving

text: point

text: impedance

text: but

text: depend

text: on

text: the

text: currents

text: in

text: the

text: other

text: nearby

text: elements

text: Note

text: that

text: this

text: now

text: is

text: a

text: near

text: field

text: phenomenon

text: which

text: could

text: not

text: be

text: properly

text: accounted

text: for

text: using

text: the

text: Friis

text: transmission

text: equation

text: for

text: instance

question: Where are the indiviual array elements known?

answer: antenna arrays

text: antenna arrays

question: What induces a feedpoint to antennas nearby?

answer: Current circulating

text: Current circulating

question: What are the mathmatic useful towards?

answer: electrical behaviour

text: electrical behaviour

question: What cause mutual interactions between the elements electric and magnetic fields?

answer: proximity

text: proximity


text: Orthodox Judaism collectively considers itself the only true heir to the Jewish tradition. The Orthodox Jewish movements consider all non-Orthodox Jewish movements to be unacceptable deviations from authentic Judaism; both because of other denominations' doubt concerning the verbal revelation of Written and Oral Torah, and because of their rejection of Halakhic precedent as binding. As such, Orthodox Jewish groups characterize non-Orthodox forms of Judaism as heretical; see the article on Relationships between Jewish religious movements.

title: Orthodox_Judaism

title: Orthodox_Judaism

text: Orthodox

text: Judaism

text: collectively

text: considers

text: itself

text: the

text: only

text: true

text: heir

text: to

text: the

text: Jewish

text: tradition

text: The

text: Orthodox

text: Jewish

text: movements

text: consider

text: all

text: non

text: Orthodox

text: Jewish

text: movements

text: to

text: be

text: unacceptable

text: deviations

text: from

text: authentic

text: Judaism

text: both

text: because

text: of

text: other

text: denominations

text: doubt

text: concerning

text: the

text: verbal

text: revelation

text: of

text: Written

text: and

text: Oral

text: Torah

text: and

text: because

text: of

text: their

text: rejection

text: of

text: Halakhic

text: precedent

text: as

text: binding

text: As

text: such

text: Orthodox

text: Jewish

text: groups

text: characterize

text: non

text: Orthodox

text: forms

text: of

text: Judaism

text: as

text: heretical

text: see

text: the

text: article

text: on

text: Relationships

text: between

text: Jewish

text: religious

text: movements

question: What considers itself the only true heir to the Jewish tradition?

answer: Orthodox Judaism

text: Orthodox Judaism

question: What do Orthodox Jewish movements consider all other non-orthodox moments?

answer: unacceptable

text: unacceptable

question: What do Orthodox jewish groups characterize non-orthodox form of Judiasm as?

answer: heretical

text: heretical

question: Orthodox Jewish groups reject what precedent?

answer: Halakhic

text: Halakhic

question: What does Orthodox Judaism consider itself along with several other groups in the Jewish tradition?

text: true heir

question: Who do the Orthodox Jews consider to be acceptable deviations of Judaism?

text: non-Orthodox Jewish

question: What do the non-Orthodox Jews consider the Orthodox Jewish movement to be?

text: unacceptable deviations

question: What is the acceptance of the Witten and Oral Torah considered to be?

text: authentic Judaism

question: What do Non-Orthodox Jews characterize Orthodox Jewish groups to be?

text: heretical


text: There are a number of business schools in London, including the London School of Business and Finance, Cass Business School (part of City University London), Hult International Business School, ESCP Europe, European Business School London, Imperial College Business School and the London Business School. London is also home to many specialist arts education institutions, including the Academy of Live and Recorded Arts, Central School of Ballet, LAMDA, London College of Contemporary Arts (LCCA), London Contemporary Dance School, National Centre for Circus Arts, RADA, Rambert School of Ballet and Contemporary Dance, the Royal College of Art, the Royal College of Music and Trinity Laban.

title: London

title: London

text: There

text: are

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: business

text: schools

text: in

text: London

text: including

text: the

text: London

text: School

text: of

text: Business

text: and

text: Finance

text: Cass

text: Business

text: School

text: part

text: of

text: City

text: University

text: London

text: Hult

text: International

text: Business

text: School

text: ESCP

text: Europe

text: European

text: Business

text: School

text: London

text: Imperial

text: College

text: Business

text: School

text: and

text: the

text: London

text: Business

text: School

text: London

text: is

text: also

text: home

text: to

text: many

text: specialist

text: arts

text: education

text: institutions

text: including

text: the

text: Academy

text: of

text: Live

text: and

text: Recorded

text: Arts

text: Central

text: School

text: of

text: Ballet

text: LAMDA

text: London

text: College

text: of

text: Contemporary

text: Arts

text: LCCA

text: London

text: Contemporary

text: Dance

text: School

text: National

text: Centre

text: for

text: Circus

text: Arts

text: RADA

text: Rambert

text: School

text: of

text: Ballet

text: and

text: Contemporary

text: Dance

text: the

text: Royal

text: College

text: of

text: Art

text: the

text: Royal

text: College

text: of

text: Music

text: and

text: Trinity

text: Laban

question: City University London is related to what specialized business school?

answer: Cass Business School

text: Cass Business School

question: The Royal College of Art and the Royal College of Music are examples of what type of schools?

answer: specialist arts education institutions

text: specialist arts education institutions


text: The distinctive characteristic of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula is their spatial complexity, with many areas of different shapes leading from each other. They are comparatively wide, and often have very tall arcades surmounted by low clerestories, giving a similar spacious appearance to the 'Hallenkirche of Germany, as at the Church of the Batalha Monastery in Portugal. Many of the cathedrals are completely surrounded by chapels. Like English cathedrals, each is often stylistically diverse. This expresses itself both in the addition of chapels and in the application of decorative details drawn from different sources. Among the influences on both decoration and form are Islamic architecture and, towards the end of the period, Renaissance details combined with the Gothic in a distinctive manner. The West front, as at Leon Cathedral, typically resembles a French west front, but wider in proportion to height and often with greater diversity of detail and a combination of intricate ornament with broad plain surfaces. At Burgos Cathedral there are spires of German style. The roofline often has pierced parapets with comparatively few pinnacles. There are often towers and domes of a great variety of shapes and structural invention rising above the roof.

title: Gothic_architecture

title: Gothic_architecture

text: The

text: distinctive

text: characteristic

text: of

text: Gothic

text: cathedrals

text: of

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: is

text: their

text: spatial

text: complexity

text: with

text: many

text: areas

text: of

text: different

text: shapes

text: leading

text: from

text: each

text: other

text: They

text: are

text: comparatively

text: wide

text: and

text: often

text: have

text: very

text: tall

text: arcades

text: surmounted

text: by

text: low

text: clerestories

text: giving

text: a

text: similar

text: spacious

text: appearance

text: to

text: the

text: Hallenkirche

text: of

text: Germany

text: as

text: at

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: the

text: Batalha

text: Monastery

text: in

text: Portugal

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: cathedrals

text: are

text: completely

text: surrounded

text: by

text: chapels

text: Like

text: English

text: cathedrals

text: each

text: is

text: often

text: stylistically

text: diverse

text: This

text: expresses

text: itself

text: both

text: in

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: chapels

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: application

text: of

text: decorative

text: details

text: drawn

text: from

text: different

text: sources

text: Among

text: the

text: influences

text: on

text: both

text: decoration

text: and

text: form

text: are

text: Islamic

text: architecture

text: and

text: towards

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: Renaissance

text: details

text: combined

text: with

text: the

text: Gothic

text: in

text: a

text: distinctive

text: manner

text: The

text: West

text: front

text: as

text: at

text: Leon

text: Cathedral

text: typically

text: resembles

text: a

text: French

text: west

text: front

text: but

text: wider

text: in

text: proportion

text: to

text: height

text: and

text: often

text: with

text: greater

text: diversity

text: of

text: detail

text: and

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: intricate

text: ornament

text: with

text: broad

text: plain

text: surfaces

text: At

text: Burgos

text: Cathedral

text: there

text: are

text: spires

text: of

text: German

text: style

text: The

text: roofline

text: often

text: has

text: pierced

text: parapets

text: with

text: comparatively

text: few

text: pinnacles

text: There

text: are

text: often

text: towers

text: and

text: domes

text: of

text: a

text: great

text: variety

text: of

text: shapes

text: and

text: structural

text: invention

text: rising

text: above

text: the

text: roof

question: What is the distinctive design element of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula?

answer: their spatial complexity

text: their spatial complexity

question: What size are the arcades of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian Peninsula?

answer: very tall arcades

text: very tall arcades

question: What type of architecture is a prominent influence on the design and form of Gothic cathedrals from the Iberian Peninsula?

answer: Islamic architecture

text: Islamic architecture

question: What type of West front does the Leon Cathedral resemble?

answer: a French west front

text: a French west front

question: What style are the spires at Burgos Cathedral?

answer: German style

text: German style

question: What is the distinctive design element of Gothic cathedrals of the Iberian continent?

text: their spatial complexity

question: What size are the arcades of Gothic malls of the Iberian Peninsula?

text: very tall arcades

question: What type of West front does the Leon Cathedral resent?

text: a French west front

question: What style are the spirals at Burgos Cathedral?

text: German style

question: What type of architecture lost influence on the design and form of Gothic cathedrals from the Iberian Peninsula?

text: Islamic architecture


text: In 2013 a lot of media coverage was given to unclassified NSA's study in Cryptologic Spectrum that concluded that Tito did not speak the language as a native, and had features of other Slavic languages (Russian and Polish). The hypothesis that "a non-Yugoslav, perhaps a Russian or a Pole" assumed Tito's identity was included. The report also notes Draža Mihailović's impressions of Tito's Russian origins.

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: In

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: media

text: coverage

text: was

text: given

text: to

text: unclassified

text: NSA

text: 's

text: study

text: in

text: Cryptologic

text: Spectrum

text: that

text: concluded

text: that

text: Tito

text: did

text: not

text: speak

text: the

text: language

text: as

text: a

text: native

text: and

text: had

text: features

text: of

text: other

text: Slavic

text: languages

text: Russian

text: and

text: Polish

text: The

text: hypothesis

text: that

text: a

text: non

text: Yugoslav

text: perhaps

text: a

text: Russian

text: or

text: a

text: Pole

text: assumed

text: Tito

text: 's

text: identity

text: was

text: included

text: The

text: report

text: also

text: notes

text: Draža

text: Mihailović

text: 's

text: impressions

text: of

text: Tito

text: 's

text: Russian

text: origins

question: In what year did the study in Cryptologic Spectrum come out?

answer: 2013

question: What organization created the Cryptologic Spectrum?

answer: NSA

text: NSA

question: What other Slavic languages did the Cryptologic Spectrum conclude Tito spoke?

answer: Russian and Polish

text: Russian and Polish

question: The Cryptologic Spectrum also notes whose impressions of Tito's Russian origins?

answer: Draža Mihailović's

text: Draža Mihailović's


text: Hunting along migration routes threatens some bird species. The populations of Siberian cranes (Leucogeranus leucogeranus) that wintered in India declined due to hunting along the route, particularly in Afghanistan and Central Asia. Birds were last seen in their favourite wintering grounds in Keoladeo National Park in 2002. Structures such as power lines, wind farms and offshore oil-rigs have also been known to affect migratory birds. Other migration hazards include pollution, storms, wildfires, and habitat destruction along migration routes, denying migrants food at stopover points. For example, in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway, up to 65% of key intertidal habitat at the Yellow Sea migration bottleneck has been destroyed since the 1950s.

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: Hunting

text: along

text: migration

text: routes

text: threatens

text: some

text: bird

text: species

text: The

text: populations

text: of

text: Siberian

text: cranes

text: Leucogeranus

text: leucogeranus

text: that

text: wintered

text: in

text: India

text: declined

text: due

text: to

text: hunting

text: along

text: the

text: route

text: particularly

text: in

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Central

text: Asia

text: Birds

text: were

text: last

text: seen

text: in

text: their

text: favourite

text: wintering

text: grounds

text: in

text: Keoladeo

text: National

text: Park

text: in

text: Structures

text: such

text: as

text: power

text: lines

text: wind

text: farms

text: and

text: offshore

text: oil

text: rigs

text: have

text: also

text: been

text: known

text: to

text: affect

text: migratory

text: birds

text: Other

text: migration

text: hazards

text: include

text: pollution

text: storms

text: wildfires

text: and

text: habitat

text: destruction

text: along

text: migration

text: routes

text: denying

text: migrants

text: food

text: at

text: stopover

text: points

text: For

text: example

text: in

text: the

text: East

text: Asian

text: Australasian

text: Flyway

text: up

text: to

text: of

text: key

text: intertidal

text: habitat

text: at

text: the

text: Yellow

text: Sea

text: migration

text: bottleneck

text: has

text: been

text: destroyed

text: since

text: the

question: What threatens some bird species?

answer: Hunting along migration routes

text: Hunting along migration routes

question: What species declined due to hunting in Afghanistand and Asia?

answer: Siberian cranes

text: Siberian cranes

question: When were birds last seen in Keoladeo National Park?

answer: 2002

question: What can power lines, wind farms and oil rigs affect?

answer: migratory birds

text: migratory birds

question: What are other migration hazards?

answer: pollution, storms, wildfires, and habitat destruction

text: pollution, storms, wildfires, and habitat destruction


text: Combining statements in the canonical Gospels produces the following account: Jesus was arrested in Gethsemane following the Last Supper with the Twelve Apostles, and then stood trial before the Sanhedrin (a Jewish judicial body), Pontius Pilate (a Roman authority in Judaea), and Herod Antipas (king of Judea, appointed by Rome), before being handed over for crucifixion by the chief priests of the Jews. After being flogged, Jesus was mocked by Roman soldiers as the "King of the Jews", clothed in a purple robe, crowned with thorns, beaten and spat on. Jesus then had to make his way to the place of his crucifixion.

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

text: Combining

text: statements

text: in

text: the

text: canonical

text: Gospels

text: produces

text: the

text: following

text: account

text: Jesus

text: was

text: arrested

text: in

text: Gethsemane

text: following

text: the

text: Last

text: Supper

text: with

text: the

text: Twelve

text: Apostles

text: and

text: then

text: stood

text: trial

text: before

text: the

text: Sanhedrin

text: a

text: Jewish

text: judicial

text: body

text: Pontius

text: Pilate

text: a

text: Roman

text: authority

text: in

text: Judaea

text: and

text: Herod

text: Antipas

text: king

text: of

text: Judea

text: appointed

text: by

text: Rome

text: before

text: being

text: handed

text: over

text: for

text: crucifixion

text: by

text: the

text: chief

text: priests

text: of

text: the

text: Jews

text: After

text: being

text: flogged

text: Jesus

text: was

text: mocked

text: by

text: Roman

text: soldiers

text: as

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: the

text: Jews

text: clothed

text: in

text: a

text: purple

text: robe

text: crowned

text: with

text: thorns

text: beaten

text: and

text: spat

text: on

text: Jesus

text: then

text: had

text: to

text: make

text: his

text: way

text: to

text: the

text: place

text: of

text: his

text: crucifixion

question: Where was Jesus arrested?

answer: Gethsemane

text: Gethsemane

question: What did Jesus do before he was arrested?

answer: the Last Supper

text: the Last Supper

question: How many Apostles were there at the Last Supper?

answer: Twelve Apostles

text: Twelve Apostles

question: How was Jesus tortured before he was crucified?

answer: flogged

text: flogged

question: What was placed on Jesus' head?

answer: crowned with thorns

text: crowned with thorns

question: What city was the Sanhedrin located in?

text: Judaea

question: Who appointed the Sanhedrin to office to form a judicial body?

text: Rome

question: In front of what judicial body did the twelve apostles stand trial?

text: Sanhedrin

question: What group handed the twelve apostles over for crucifixion?

text: the chief priests

question: What was a punishment given to the twelve apostles?

text: flogged


text: Matter should not be confused with mass, as the two are not quite the same in modern physics. For example, mass is a conserved quantity, which means that its value is unchanging through time, within closed systems. However, matter is not conserved in such systems, although this is not obvious in ordinary conditions on Earth, where matter is approximately conserved. Still, special relativity shows that matter may disappear by conversion into energy, even inside closed systems, and it can also be created from energy, within such systems. However, because mass (like energy) can neither be created nor destroyed, the quantity of mass and the quantity of energy remain the same during a transformation of matter (which represents a certain amount of energy) into non-material (i.e., non-matter) energy. This is also true in the reverse transformation of energy into matter.

title: Matter

title: Matter

text: Matter

text: should

text: not

text: be

text: confused

text: with

text: mass

text: as

text: the

text: two

text: are

text: not

text: quite

text: the

text: same

text: in

text: modern

text: physics

text: For

text: example

text: mass

text: is

text: a

text: conserved

text: quantity

text: which

text: means

text: that

text: its

text: value

text: is

text: unchanging

text: through

text: time

text: within

text: closed

text: systems

text: However

text: matter

text: is

text: not

text: conserved

text: in

text: such

text: systems

text: although

text: this

text: is

text: not

text: obvious

text: in

text: ordinary

text: conditions

text: on

text: Earth

text: where

text: matter

text: is

text: approximately

text: conserved

text: Still

text: special

text: relativity

text: shows

text: that

text: matter

text: may

text: disappear

text: by

text: conversion

text: into

text: energy

text: even

text: inside

text: closed

text: systems

text: and

text: it

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: created

text: from

text: energy

text: within

text: such

text: systems

text: However

text: because

text: mass

text: like

text: energy

text: can

text: neither

text: be

text: created

text: nor

text: destroyed

text: the

text: quantity

text: of

text: mass

text: and

text: the

text: quantity

text: of

text: energy

text: remain

text: the

text: same

text: during

text: a

text: transformation

text: of

text: matter

text: which

text: represents

text: a

text: certain

text: amount

text: of

text: energy

text: into

text: non

text: material

text: i.e.

text: non

text: matter

text: energy

text: This

text: is

text: also

text: true

text: in

text: the

text: reverse

text: transformation

text: of

text: energy

text: into

text: matter

question: What is considered the same as matter?

text: mass

question: What does special relativity show mass can do?

text: disappear by conversion into energy

question: What can be created or destroyed?

text: mass (like energy)

question: What changes during the transformation of matter?

text: the quantity

question: What does not change in an open system?

text: value