text: The most influential publication of the Enlightenment was the Encyclopédie, compiled by Denis Diderot and (until 1759) by Jean le Rond d'Alembert and a team of 150 scientists and philosophers. It was published between 1751 and 1772 in thirty-five volumes, and spread the ideas of the Enlightenment across Europe and beyond. Other landmark publications were the Dictionnaire philosophique (Philosophical Dictionary, 1764) and Letters on the English (1733) written by Voltaire; Rousseau's Discourse on Inequality (1754) and The Social Contract (1762); and Montesquieu's Spirit of the Laws (1748). The ideas of the Enlightenment played a major role in inspiring the French Revolution, which began in 1789. After the Revolution, the Enlightenment was followed by an opposing intellectual movement known as Romanticism.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: The

text: most

text: influential

text: publication

text: of

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: was

text: the

text: Encyclopédie

text: compiled

text: by

text: Denis

text: Diderot

text: and

text: until

text: by

text: Jean

text: le

text: Rond

text: d'Alembert

text: and

text: a

text: team

text: of

text: scientists

text: and

text: philosophers

text: It

text: was

text: published

text: between

text: and

text: in

text: thirty

text: five

text: volumes

text: and

text: spread

text: the

text: ideas

text: of

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: across

text: Europe

text: and

text: beyond

text: Other

text: landmark

text: publications

text: were

text: the

text: Dictionnaire

text: philosophique

text: Philosophical

text: Dictionary

text: and

text: Letters

text: on

text: the

text: English

text: written

text: by

text: Voltaire

text: Rousseau

text: 's

text: Discourse

text: on

text: Inequality

text: and

text: The

text: Social

text: Contract

text: and

text: Montesquieu

text: 's

text: Spirit

text: of

text: the

text: Laws

text: The

text: ideas

text: of

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: played

text: a

text: major

text: role

text: in

text: inspiring

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: which

text: began

text: in

text: After

text: the

text: Revolution

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: was

text: followed

text: by

text: an

text: opposing

text: intellectual

text: movement

text: known

text: as

text: Romanticism

question: What was the most influential publication of the Enlightenment?

answer: the Encyclopédie

text: the Encyclopédie

question: The Encyclopedie was comprised of how many volumes?

answer: thirty-five

text: thirty-five

question: Voltaire wrote Letters on the English in what year?

answer: 1733

question: When was Rousseau's Discourse on Inequality published?

answer: 1754

question: What year did the French Revolution begin?

answer: 1789


text: The luxurious and ornate representative texts of Serbo-Croatian Church Slavonic belong to the later era, when they coexisted with the Serbo-Croatian vernacular literature. The most notable are the "Missal of Duke Novak" from the Lika region in northwestern Croatia (1368), "Evangel from Reims" (1395, named after the town of its final destination), Hrvoje's Missal from Bosnia and Split in Dalmatia (1404), and the first printed book in Serbo-Croatian, the Glagolitic Missale Romanum Glagolitice (1483).

title: Serbo-Croatian

title: Serbo

title: Croatian

text: The

text: luxurious

text: and

text: ornate

text: representative

text: texts

text: of

text: Serbo

text: Croatian

text: Church

text: Slavonic

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: later

text: era

text: when

text: they

text: coexisted

text: with

text: the

text: Serbo

text: Croatian

text: vernacular

text: literature

text: The

text: most

text: notable

text: are

text: the

text: Missal

text: of

text: Duke

text: Novak

text: from

text: the

text: Lika

text: region

text: in

text: northwestern

text: Croatia

text: Evangel

text: from

text: Reims

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: its

text: final

text: destination

text: Hrvoje

text: 's

text: Missal

text: from

text: Bosnia

text: and

text: Split

text: in

text: Dalmatia

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: printed

text: book

text: in

text: Serbo

text: Croatian

text: the

text: Glagolitic

text: Missale

text: Romanum

text: Glagolitice

question: What was the first book published in Serbo-Croatian?

answer: Glagolitic Missale Romanum Glagolitice (1483)

text: Glagolitic Missale Romanum Glagolitice (1483)

question: For what was "Evangel from Reims" named?

answer: the town of its final destination

text: the town of its final destination

question: In what year was the first book printed in Serbo-Croatian?

answer: (1483)

question: What region is the Glagolitic Missale Romanum Glagolitice from?

text: the Lika region

question: What did the Bosnia Church Slavonic coexist with?

question: Where did the luxurious and ornate texts of Evangel from Reims belong?

text: the later era

question: In what year was the first printed book in Lika made?

question: What town was the Missal of Duke Novak named after?

text: the town of its final destination


text: In July 1943, as a result of the American Federation of Musicians boycott of US recording studios, the a cappella vocal group The Song Spinners had a best-seller with "Comin' In On A Wing And A Prayer". In the 1950s several recording groups, notably The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen, introduced complex jazz harmonies to a cappella performances. The King's Singers are credited with promoting interest in small-group a cappella performances in the 1960s. In 1983 an a cappella group known as The Flying Pickets had a Christmas 'number one' in the UK with a cover of Yazoo's (known in the US as Yaz) "Only You". A cappella music attained renewed prominence from the late 1980s onward, spurred by the success of Top 40 recordings by artists such as The Manhattan Transfer, Bobby McFerrin, Huey Lewis and the News, All-4-One, The Nylons, Backstreet Boys and Boyz II Men.[citation needed]

title: A_cappella

title: A_cappella

text: In

text: July

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: Federation

text: of

text: Musicians

text: boycott

text: of

text: US

text: recording

text: studios

text: the

text: a

text: cappella

text: vocal

text: group

text: The

text: Song

text: Spinners

text: had

text: a

text: best

text: seller

text: with

text: Comin

text: In

text: On

text: A

text: Wing

text: And

text: A

text: Prayer

text: In

text: the

text: several

text: recording

text: groups

text: notably

text: The

text: Hi

text: Los

text: and

text: the

text: Four

text: Freshmen

text: introduced

text: complex

text: jazz

text: harmonies

text: to

text: a

text: cappella

text: performances

text: The

text: King

text: 's

text: Singers

text: are

text: credited

text: with

text: promoting

text: interest

text: in

text: small

text: group

text: a

text: cappella

text: performances

text: in

text: the

text: In

text: an

text: a

text: cappella

text: group

text: known

text: as

text: The

text: Flying

text: Pickets

text: had

text: a

text: Christmas

text: number

text: one

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: with

text: a

text: cover

text: of

text: Yazoo

text: 's

text: known

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: as

text: Yaz

text: Only

text: You

text: A

text: cappella

text: music

text: attained

text: renewed

text: prominence

text: from

text: the

text: late

text: onward

text: spurred

text: by

text: the

text: success

text: of

text: Top

text: recordings

text: by

text: artists

text: such

text: as

text: The

text: Manhattan

text: Transfer

text: Bobby

text: McFerrin

text: Huey

text: Lewis

text: and

text: the

text: News

text: The

text: Nylons

text: Backstreet

text: Boys

text: and

text: Boyz

text: II

text: Men.[citation

text: needed

question: What a cappella group rose to popularity in 1943?

answer: The Song Spinners

text: The Song Spinners

question: What was boycotted by American musicians in 1943?

answer: US recording studios

text: US recording studios

question: Who is credited for first introducing elements of Jazz into a cappella?

answer: The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen

text: The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen

question: What number one song was covered by an a cappella group in 1983?

answer: "Only You"

text: "Only You"

question: During and after the 80's, what helped a cappella music rise in popularity?

answer: the success of Top 40 recordings

text: the success of Top 40 recordings

question: Who boycotted concerts in 1943?

text: the American Federation of Musicians

question: Who introduced jazz harmonies to a capella in the 40's?

text: The Hi-Los and the Four Freshmen

question: What number one hit did Yazoo have in 1983?

text: Only You

question: What gained renewed intrest the 1950's?

text: A cappella music

question: What did The Song Spinners have in the 1950's?

text: a best-seller

question: What was the name of The Song Spinners best seller in the 1950's?

text: "Comin' In On A Wing And A Prayer"

question: When did the American Federation of Musicians introduce jazz to a cappella?

text: In the 1950s

question: In 1983 what did The King's Singers promote?

question: What did A cappella gain in July 1943?

text: renewed prominence


text: In Canada, "the 51st state" is a phrase generally used in such a way as to imply that if a certain political course is taken, Canada's destiny will be as little more than a part of the United States. Examples include the Canada-United States Free Trade Agreement in 1988, the debate over the creation of a common defense perimeter, and as a potential consequence of not adopting proposals intended to resolve the issue of Quebec sovereignty, the Charlottetown Accord in 1992 and the Clarity Act in 1999.

title: 51st_state

title: 51st_state

text: In

text: Canada

text: the

text: state

text: is

text: a

text: phrase

text: generally

text: used

text: in

text: such

text: a

text: way

text: as

text: to

text: imply

text: that

text: if

text: a

text: certain

text: political

text: course

text: is

text: taken

text: Canada

text: 's

text: destiny

text: will

text: be

text: as

text: little

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Examples

text: include

text: the

text: Canada

text: United

text: States

text: Free

text: Trade

text: Agreement

text: in

text: the

text: debate

text: over

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: a

text: common

text: defense

text: perimeter

text: and

text: as

text: a

text: potential

text: consequence

text: of

text: not

text: adopting

text: proposals

text: intended

text: to

text: resolve

text: the

text: issue

text: of

text: Quebec

text: sovereignty

text: the

text: Charlottetown

text: Accord

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: Clarity

text: Act

text: in

question: What is another connotation for the 51st state label?

answer: if a certain political course is taken, Canada's destiny will be as little more than a part of the United States

text: if a certain political course is taken, Canada's destiny will be as little more than a part of the United States

question: When was the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement enacted?

answer: 1988

question: When was the Charlottetown Accord signed?

answer: 1992

question: When did the Clarity Act go into effect?

answer: 1999

question: What is another connotation for the 1999 label?

question: When was the Canada-Quebec Free Trade Agreement enacted?

question: When was the Canada-US Accord signed?

question: When did the Charlottetown Act go into effect?

question: What was a consequence of adopting proposals intended to resolve the issue of Quebec sovereignty?


text: Plymouth (i/ˈplɪməθ/) is a city on the south coast of Devon, England, about 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Exeter and 190 miles (310 km) west-south-west of London, between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west where they join Plymouth Sound to form the boundary with Cornwall.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: Plymouth

text: i/ˈplɪməθ/

text: is

text: a

text: city

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: coast

text: of

text: Devon

text: England

text: about

text: miles

text: km

text: south

text: west

text: of

text: Exeter

text: and

text: miles

text: km

text: west

text: south

text: west

text: of

text: London

text: between

text: the

text: mouths

text: of

text: the

text: rivers

text: Plym

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: Tamar

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: where

text: they

text: join

text: Plymouth

text: Sound

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: boundary

text: with

text: Cornwall

question: In kilometers, what is the distance from Plymouth to Exeter?

answer: 60

question: How many miles away from London is Plymouth?

answer: 190

question: What river borders Plymouth on the west?

answer: Tamar

text: Tamar

question: In what county is Plymouth located?

answer: Devon

text: Devon

question: In what body of water do the rivers Tamar and Plym converge?

answer: Plymouth Sound

text: Plymouth Sound


text: In Australia, the Prime Minister is expected to step down if s/he loses the majority support of his/her party under a spill motion as have many such as Tony Abbott, Julia Gillard and Kevin Rudd.

title: Prime_minister

title: Prime_minister

text: In

text: Australia

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: step

text: down

text: if

text: s

text: he

text: loses

text: the

text: majority

text: support

text: of

text: his

text: her

text: party

text: under

text: a

text: spill

text: motion

text: as

text: have

text: many

text: such

text: as

text: Tony

text: Abbott

text: Julia

text: Gillard

text: and

text: Kevin

text: Rudd

question: What process signals the need for the prime minister to resign in Australia?

answer: spill motion

text: spill motion

question: What motion requires the head of State to step down in Australia?

text: spill motion

question: Who sucefully stopped a spill motion in Australia?


text: From 21 April 1944 until her accession, Elizabeth's arms consisted of a lozenge bearing the royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom differenced with a label of three points argent, the centre point bearing a Tudor rose and the first and third a cross of St George. Upon her accession, she inherited the various arms her father held as sovereign. The Queen also possesses royal standards and personal flags for use in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, and elsewhere.

title: Elizabeth_II

title: Elizabeth_II

text: From

text: April

text: until

text: her

text: accession

text: Elizabeth

text: 's

text: arms

text: consisted

text: of

text: a

text: lozenge

text: bearing

text: the

text: royal

text: coat

text: of

text: arms

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: differenced

text: with

text: a

text: label

text: of

text: three

text: points

text: argent

text: the

text: centre

text: point

text: bearing

text: a

text: Tudor

text: rose

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: and

text: third

text: a

text: cross

text: of

text: St

text: George

text: Upon

text: her

text: accession

text: she

text: inherited

text: the

text: various

text: arms

text: her

text: father

text: held

text: as

text: sovereign

text: The

text: Queen

text: also

text: possesses

text: royal

text: standards

text: and

text: personal

text: flags

text: for

text: use

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: Canada

text: Australia

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Jamaica

text: Barbados

text: and

text: elsewhere

question: Until she became queen, what flower was on Elizabeth's coat of arms?

answer: Tudor rose

text: Tudor rose

question: When did Elizabeth acquire her father's arms?

answer: Upon her accession

text: Upon her accession

question: Besides personal flags,what other types of flags does Elizabeth have?

answer: royal standards

text: royal standards

question: What type of flags are used in foreign countries?

answer: personal

text: personal

question: When did Elizabeth start to bear a coat of royal arms?

answer: 21 April 1944

text: 21 April 1944

question: How many points does Elizabeth's arms bear on her argent after her accession?

text: three

question: What has been the centre point of Elizabeth's arms since she ascended to the throne?

text: Tudor rose

question: On what date was Elizabeth ascended to the throne?

text: 21 April 1944

question: What are on each side of the three points argent of Elizabeth's current arms since she ascended to the throne?

question: What shape is Elizabeth's royal coat of arms since her accession?

text: lozenge


text: The focus on the Hellenistic period over the course of the 19th century by scholars and historians has led to an issue common to the study of historical periods; historians see the period of focus as a mirror of the period in which they are living. Many 19th century scholars contended that the Hellenistic period represented a cultural decline from the brilliance of classical Greece. Though this comparison is now seen as unfair and meaningless, it has been noted that even commentators of the time saw the end of a cultural era which could not be matched again. This may be inextricably linked with the nature of government. It has been noted by Herodotus that after the establishment of the Athenian democracy:

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: The

text: focus

text: on

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: over

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: by

text: scholars

text: and

text: historians

text: has

text: led

text: to

text: an

text: issue

text: common

text: to

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: historical

text: periods

text: historians

text: see

text: the

text: period

text: of

text: focus

text: as

text: a

text: mirror

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: are

text: living

text: Many

text: century

text: scholars

text: contended

text: that

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: represented

text: a

text: cultural

text: decline

text: from

text: the

text: brilliance

text: of

text: classical

text: Greece

text: Though

text: this

text: comparison

text: is

text: now

text: seen

text: as

text: unfair

text: and

text: meaningless

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: noted

text: that

text: even

text: commentators

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: saw

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: a

text: cultural

text: era

text: which

text: could

text: not

text: be

text: matched

text: again

text: This

text: may

text: be

text: inextricably

text: linked

text: with

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: government

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: noted

text: by

text: Herodotus

text: that

text: after

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Athenian

text: democracy

question: What century of scholars considered the Hellenistic period a decline in culture from classic Greece?

answer: 19th

question: How did 19th century scholars view the Hellenistic period?

answer: a mirror

text: a mirror

question: The viewpoint that the Hellenistic period represented a decline in culture was proven to be meaningless and what?

answer: unfair

text: unfair


text: The highest temperature recorded within city limits was 104 °F (40 °C), on June 2, 1985, and June 24, 1944, and the lowest was 7 °F (−14 °C) on February 14, 1899, although at the airport, where official records are kept, the historical range is 105 °F (41 °C) on August 1, 1999 down to 6 °F (−14 °C) on January 21, 1985. Hurricanes are a major threat to the area during the summer and early fall, with several severe hurricanes hitting the area – most notably Hurricane Hugo on September 21, 1989 (a category 4 storm). Dewpoint in the summer ranges from 67.8 to 71.4 °F (20 to 22 °C).

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

text: The

text: highest

text: temperature

text: recorded

text: within

text: city

text: limits

text: was

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: June

text: and

text: June

text: and

text: the

text: lowest

text: was

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: February

text: although

text: at

text: the

text: airport

text: where

text: official

text: records

text: are

text: kept

text: the

text: historical

text: range

text: is

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: August

text: down

text: to

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: January

text: Hurricanes

text: are

text: a

text: major

text: threat

text: to

text: the

text: area

text: during

text: the

text: summer

text: and

text: early

text: fall

text: with

text: several

text: severe

text: hurricanes

text: hitting

text: the

text: area

text: most

text: notably

text: Hurricane

text: Hugo

text: on

text: September

text: a

text: category

text: storm

text: Dewpoint

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: ranges

text: from

text: to

text: F

text: to

text: C

question: What is hottest temperature recorded with Charleston's city limits?

answer: 104 °F

text: 104 °F

question: What type of storm is a major threat to Charleston in the summer and early fall?

answer: Hurricanes

text: Hurricanes

question: What hurricane hit Charleston in 1989?

answer: Hurricane Hugo

text: Hurricane Hugo

question: What was the lowest temperature ever recorded Charleston's city limit?

answer: 7 °F (−14 °C)

text: 7 °F (−14 °C)

question: What day did Charleston's airport hit the coldest day on record?

answer: January 21, 1985

text: January 21, 1985

question: What is coldest temperature recorded with Charleston's city limits?

text: 104 °F

question: What type of storm is a minor threat to Charleston in the summer and early fall?

text: Hurricanes

question: What hurricane hit Charleston in 1998?

text: Hurricane Hugo

question: What was the highest temperature ever recorded Charleston's city limit?

text: 7 °F (−14 °C)

question: What day did Charleston's airport hit the warmest day on record?

text: January 21, 1985


text: During the Age of Enlightenment, philosophers such as John Locke advocated the principle in their writings, whereas others, such as Thomas Hobbes, strongly opposed it. Montesquieu was one of the foremost supporters of separating the legislature, the executive, and the judiciary. His writings considerably influenced the opinions of the framers of the United States Constitution.

title: Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution

text: During

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Enlightenment

text: philosophers

text: such

text: as

text: John

text: Locke

text: advocated

text: the

text: principle

text: in

text: their

text: writings

text: whereas

text: others

text: such

text: as

text: Thomas

text: Hobbes

text: strongly

text: opposed

text: it

text: Montesquieu

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: foremost

text: supporters

text: of

text: separating

text: the

text: legislature

text: the

text: executive

text: and

text: the

text: judiciary

text: His

text: writings

text: considerably

text: influenced

text: the

text: opinions

text: of

text: the

text: framers

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Constitution

question: Which Enlightenment thinker supported the idea of separation of powers?

answer: John Locke

text: John Locke

question: Which Enlightenment thinker was against the separation of powers?

answer: Thomas Hobbes

text: Thomas Hobbes

question: Who was a leading advocate of dividing government into different branches?

answer: Montesquieu

text: Montesquieu

question: Whose thoughts were impacted by Montesquieu's philosophy?

answer: the framers of the United States Constitution

text: the framers of the United States Constitution

question: Who was an advocate of separation of powers?

answer: John Locke

text: John Locke

question: Who was an opponent of separation of powers?

answer: Thomas Hobbes

text: Thomas Hobbes

question: Who's writing were very influential on the design of the United States Constitution?

answer: Montesquieu

text: Montesquieu

question: During which age did Thomas Hobbes advocate the principle in his writing?

text: Age of Enlightenment

question: During which age did John Locke oppose the principle in his writing?

text: Age of Enlightenment

question: Who was at the forefront of the opposition towards separating the branches of government?

text: Montesquieu

question: Who's writings had no influence on the framers of the US constitution?

text: Montesquieu


text: The higher-level phylogeny of the arthropods continues to be a matter of debate and research. In 2008, researchers at Tufts University uncovered what they believe is the world's oldest known full-body impression of a primitive flying insect, a 300 million-year-old specimen from the Carboniferous period. The oldest definitive insect fossil is the Devonian Rhyniognatha hirsti, from the 396-million-year-old Rhynie chert. It may have superficially resembled a modern-day silverfish insect. This species already possessed dicondylic mandibles (two articulations in the mandible), a feature associated with winged insects, suggesting that wings may already have evolved at this time. Thus, the first insects probably appeared earlier, in the Silurian period.

title: Insect

title: Insect

text: The

text: higher

text: level

text: phylogeny

text: of

text: the

text: arthropods

text: continues

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: matter

text: of

text: debate

text: and

text: research

text: In

text: researchers

text: at

text: Tufts

text: University

text: uncovered

text: what

text: they

text: believe

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oldest

text: known

text: full

text: body

text: impression

text: of

text: a

text: primitive

text: flying

text: insect

text: a

text: million

text: year

text: old

text: specimen

text: from

text: the

text: Carboniferous

text: period

text: The

text: oldest

text: definitive

text: insect

text: fossil

text: is

text: the

text: Devonian

text: Rhyniognatha

text: hirsti

text: from

text: the

text: year

text: old

text: Rhynie

text: chert

text: It

text: may

text: have

text: superficially

text: resembled

text: a

text: modern

text: day

text: silverfish

text: insect

text: This

text: species

text: already

text: possessed

text: dicondylic

text: mandibles

text: two

text: articulations

text: in

text: the

text: mandible

text: a

text: feature

text: associated

text: with

text: winged

text: insects

text: suggesting

text: that

text: wings

text: may

text: already

text: have

text: evolved

text: at

text: this

text: time

text: Thus

text: the

text: first

text: insects

text: probably

text: appeared

text: earlier

text: in

text: the

text: Silurian

text: period

question: From what period do researchers believe that the oldest known full-body impression of a flying insect originates?

answer: Carboniferous

text: Carboniferous

question: What is believed to be the oldest known insect fossil?

answer: Devonian Rhyniognatha hirsti

text: Devonian Rhyniognatha hirsti

question: In what year did Tufts researchers reportedly uncover what is believed to be the oldest known impression of a flying insect?

answer: 2008

question: What is the term for a mandible with two articulations?

answer: dicondylic

text: dicondylic

question: With what type of insect is a dicondylic mandible associated?

answer: winged

text: winged

question: What higher-level is constantly up for debate and research?

answer: phylogeny

text: phylogeny

question: The higher-level phylogeny is of the what?

answer: arthropods

text: arthropods

question: What kind of impression has been uncovered by a University?

answer: full-body

text: full-body

question: A University discovered a primitive flying what?

answer: insect

text: insect

question: How old is the primitive plying insect found by the University?

answer: 300 million-year-old

text: 300 million-year-old


text: During World War II, the islands were used as a top secret Royal Navy weather and radio station codenamed HMS Atlantic Isle, to monitor Nazi U-boats (which were required to maintain radio contact) and shipping movements in the South Atlantic Ocean. The first Administrator, Surgeon Lieutenant Commander E.J.S. Woolley, was appointed by the British government during this time.

title: Tristan_da_Cunha

title: Tristan_da_Cunha

text: During

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: the

text: islands

text: were

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: top

text: secret

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: weather

text: and

text: radio

text: station

text: codenamed

text: HMS

text: Atlantic

text: Isle

text: to

text: monitor

text: Nazi

text: U

text: boats

text: which

text: were

text: required

text: to

text: maintain

text: radio

text: contact

text: and

text: shipping

text: movements

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: The

text: first

text: Administrator

text: Surgeon

text: Lieutenant

text: Commander

text: E.J.S.

text: Woolley

text: was

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: during

text: this

text: time

question: During what war was the island used as a Royal Navy station?

answer: World War II

text: World War II

question: What was the islands codename during World War II?

answer: HMS Atlantic Isle

text: HMS Atlantic Isle

question: Who was the administrator during World War II for the island?

answer: Surgeon Lieutenant Commander E.J.S. Woolley

text: Surgeon Lieutenant Commander E.J.S. Woolley

question: What were the islands used as during World War I?

question: What were the islands code-named during World War I?

text: HMS Atlantic Isle

question: The islands were used as a base during World War I to monitor what type of boats?

text: Nazi U-boats

question: What kind of contact were Navy U-boats required to maintain?

text: radio

question: By who was the second administrator appointed?

text: British government


text: Before the latter half of the 18th century, grain, timber and then coal were Plymouth's main imports. During this time the real source of wealth was from the neighbouring town of Plymouth Dock (renamed in 1824 to Devonport) and the major employer in the entire region was the dockyard. The Three Towns conurbation of Plymouth, Stonehouse and Devonport enjoyed some prosperity during the late 18th and early 19th century and were enriched by a series of neo-classical urban developments designed by London architect John Foulston. Foulston was important for both Devonport and Plymouth and was responsible for several grand public buildings, many now destroyed, including the Athenaeum, the Theatre Royal and Royal Hotel, and much of Union Street.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: Before

text: the

text: latter

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: grain

text: timber

text: and

text: then

text: coal

text: were

text: Plymouth

text: 's

text: main

text: imports

text: During

text: this

text: time

text: the

text: real

text: source

text: of

text: wealth

text: was

text: from

text: the

text: neighbouring

text: town

text: of

text: Plymouth

text: Dock

text: renamed

text: in

text: to

text: Devonport

text: and

text: the

text: major

text: employer

text: in

text: the

text: entire

text: region

text: was

text: the

text: dockyard

text: The

text: Three

text: Towns

text: conurbation

text: of

text: Plymouth

text: Stonehouse

text: and

text: Devonport

text: enjoyed

text: some

text: prosperity

text: during

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: century

text: and

text: were

text: enriched

text: by

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: neo

text: classical

text: urban

text: developments

text: designed

text: by

text: London

text: architect

text: John

text: Foulston

text: Foulston

text: was

text: important

text: for

text: both

text: Devonport

text: and

text: Plymouth

text: and

text: was

text: responsible

text: for

text: several

text: grand

text: public

text: buildings

text: many

text: now

text: destroyed

text: including

text: the

text: Athenaeum

text: the

text: Theatre

text: Royal

text: and

text: Royal

text: Hotel

text: and

text: much

text: of

text: Union

text: Street

question: Along with coal and grain, what was the most important import in 18th century Plymouth?

answer: timber

text: timber

question: What was the new name given to Plymouth Dock in 1824?

answer: Devonport

text: Devonport

question: Along with Plymouth and Devonport, what settlement comprised the Three Towns?

answer: Stonehouse

text: Stonehouse

question: What architect was noted for his neoclassical designs in Plymouth?

answer: John Foulston

text: John Foulston

question: On what street did many of the buildings designed by John Foulston reside?

answer: Union Street

text: Union Street


text: Astronomy: Astronomical observations from China constitute the longest continuous sequence from any civilisation and include records of sunspots (112 records from 364 BC), supernovas (1054), lunar and solar eclipses. By the 12th century, they could reasonably accurately make predictions of eclipses, but the knowledge of this was lost during the Ming dynasty, so that the Jesuit Matteo Ricci gained much favour in 1601 by his predictions. By 635 Chinese astronomers had observed that the tails of comets always point away from the sun.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: Astronomy

text: Astronomical

text: observations

text: from

text: China

text: constitute

text: the

text: longest

text: continuous

text: sequence

text: from

text: any

text: civilisation

text: and

text: include

text: records

text: of

text: sunspots

text: records

text: from

text: BC

text: supernovas

text: lunar

text: and

text: solar

text: eclipses

text: By

text: the

text: century

text: they

text: could

text: reasonably

text: accurately

text: make

text: predictions

text: of

text: eclipses

text: but

text: the

text: knowledge

text: of

text: this

text: was

text: lost

text: during

text: the

text: Ming

text: dynasty

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: Jesuit

text: Matteo

text: Ricci

text: gained

text: much

text: favour

text: in

text: by

text: his

text: predictions

text: By

text: Chinese

text: astronomers

text: had

text: observed

text: that

text: the

text: tails

text: of

text: comets

text: always

text: point

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: sun

question: What observations in astronomy did China record?

answer: sunspots

text: sunspots

question: What kind of predictions were made during the 12th century?

answer: eclipses

text: eclipses

question: Who made predictions in 1601?

answer: Jesuit Matteo Ricci

text: Jesuit Matteo Ricci

question: What year did Chinese astronomers start to observe comets?

answer: 635

question: How many records of sunspots are there?

answer: 112


text: Tajikistan (i/tɑːˈdʒiːkᵻstɑːn/, /təˈdʒiːkᵻstæn/, or /tæˈdʒiːkiːstæn/; Persian: تاجيكستان Тоҷикистон [tɔd͡ʒikɪsˈtɔn]), officially the Republic of Tajikistan (Persian: جمهورى تاجيكستان Tajik: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Çumhuriji Toçikiston/Jumhuriyi Tojikiston; Russian: Респу́блика Таджикистан, Respublika Tadzhikistan), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an estimated 8 million people in 2013, and an area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi). It is bordered by Afghanistan to the south, Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan to the north, and China to the east. Pakistan lies to the south, separated by the narrow Wakhan Corridor. Traditional homelands of Tajik people included present-day Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.

title: Tajikistan

title: Tajikistan

text: Tajikistan

text: i

text: tɑːˈdʒiːkᵻstɑːn/

text: /təˈdʒiːkᵻstæn/

text: or

text: /tæˈdʒiːkiːstæn/

text: Persian

text: تاجيكستان

text: Тоҷикистон

text: tɔd͡ʒikɪsˈtɔn

text: officially

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Tajikistan

text: Persian

text: جمهورى

text: تاجيكستان

text: Tajik

text: Ҷумҳурии

text: Тоҷикистон

text: Çumhuriji

text: Toçikiston

text: Jumhuriyi

text: Tojikiston

text: Russian

text: Респу́блика

text: Таджикистан

text: Respublika

text: Tadzhikistan

text: is

text: a

text: mountainous

text: landlocked

text: country

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: with

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: people

text: in

text: and

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: sq

text: mi

text: It

text: is

text: bordered

text: by

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: Uzbekistan

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: China

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Pakistan

text: lies

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: separated

text: by

text: the

text: narrow

text: Wakhan

text: Corridor

text: Traditional

text: homelands

text: of

text: Tajik

text: people

text: included

text: present

text: day

text: Tajikistan

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Uzbekistan

question: Where is Tajikistan located?

answer: in Central Asia

text: in Central Asia

question: How many people are living in Tajikistan?

answer: 8 million people

text: 8 million people

question: What is the area of Tajikistan?

answer: area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi)

text: area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi)

question: What country lies to Tajikistans east?

answer: China

text: China

question: What seperates Tajikistan and Pakistan?

answer: Wakhan Corridor

text: Wakhan Corridor

question: Which country is defined by a mountainous, ocean landscape in Central Asia?

text: Tajikistan

question: Tajikistan had an estimated 18 million people in what year?

question: Traditional homelands of Talick people included?

question: Which country in Central Africa has an area of 143,100 km2?

text: Tajikistan

question: 153,100 km2 is equal to how many square miles?


text: The subsequent 1912 Salon des Indépendants was marked by the presentation of Marcel Duchamp's Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2, which itself caused a scandal, even amongst the Cubists. It was in fact rejected by the hanging committee, which included his brothers and other Cubists. Although the work was shown in the Salon de la Section d'Or in October 1912 and the 1913 Armory Show in New York, Duchamp never forgave his brothers and former colleagues for censoring his work. Juan Gris, a new addition to the Salon scene, exhibited his Portrait of Picasso (Art Institute of Chicago), while Metzinger's two showings included La Femme au Cheval (Woman with a horse) 1911-1912 (National Gallery of Denmark). Delaunay's monumental La Ville de Paris (Musée d'art moderne de la Ville de Paris) and Léger's La Noce, The Wedding (Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris) were also exhibited.

title: Cubism

title: Cubism

text: The

text: subsequent

text: Salon

text: des

text: Indépendants

text: was

text: marked

text: by

text: the

text: presentation

text: of

text: Marcel

text: Duchamp

text: 's

text: Nude

text: Descending

text: a

text: Staircase

text: No

text: which

text: itself

text: caused

text: a

text: scandal

text: even

text: amongst

text: the

text: Cubists

text: It

text: was

text: in

text: fact

text: rejected

text: by

text: the

text: hanging

text: committee

text: which

text: included

text: his

text: brothers

text: and

text: other

text: Cubists

text: Although

text: the

text: work

text: was

text: shown

text: in

text: the

text: Salon

text: de

text: la

text: Section

text: d'Or

text: in

text: October

text: and

text: the

text: Armory

text: Show

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: Duchamp

text: never

text: forgave

text: his

text: brothers

text: and

text: former

text: colleagues

text: for

text: censoring

text: his

text: work

text: Juan

text: Gris

text: a

text: new

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: Salon

text: scene

text: exhibited

text: his

text: Portrait

text: of

text: Picasso

text: Art

text: Institute

text: of

text: Chicago

text: while

text: Metzinger

text: 's

text: two

text: showings

text: included

text: La

text: Femme

text: au

text: Cheval

text: Woman

text: with

text: a

text: horse

text: National

text: Gallery

text: of

text: Denmark

text: Delaunay

text: 's

text: monumental

text: La

text: Ville

text: de

text: Paris

text: Musée

text: d'art

text: moderne

text: de

text: la

text: Ville

text: de

text: Paris

text: and

text: Léger

text: 's

text: La

text: Noce

text: The

text: Wedding

text: Musée

text: National

text: d'Art

text: Moderne

text: Paris

text: were

text: also

text: exhibited

question: Which Duchamp presentation was displayed in the 1912 Salon des Independants?

answer: Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2

text: Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2

question: Was Duchamp's work considered controversial when displayed in 1912?

answer: caused a scandal

text: caused a scandal

question: What were one of  Metzingers two showings in 1912's Salon des Independants?

answer: La Femme au Cheval (Woman with a horse) 1911-1912

text: La Femme au Cheval (Woman with a horse) 1911-1912

question: Which Duchamp presentation was displayed in the 1913 Salon des Independants?

text: Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2,

question: What painting of Duchamp's was not controversial?

text: Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2,

question: What were one of Metzingers two showings in 1913's Salon des Independants?

text: La Femme au Cheval

question: Where was Woman with a Door displayed?

text: La Femme au Cheval

question: Where was La Ville de Rome featured?


text: In domestic dogs, sexual maturity begins to happen around age six to twelve months for both males and females, although this can be delayed until up to two years old for some large breeds. This is the time at which female dogs will have their first estrous cycle. They will experience subsequent estrous cycles biannually, during which the body prepares for pregnancy. At the peak of the cycle, females will come into estrus, being mentally and physically receptive to copulation. Because the ova survive and are capable of being fertilized for a week after ovulation, it is possible for a female to mate with more than one male.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: In

text: domestic

text: dogs

text: sexual

text: maturity

text: begins

text: to

text: happen

text: around

text: age

text: six

text: to

text: twelve

text: months

text: for

text: both

text: males

text: and

text: females

text: although

text: this

text: can

text: be

text: delayed

text: until

text: up

text: to

text: two

text: years

text: old

text: for

text: some

text: large

text: breeds

text: This

text: is

text: the

text: time

text: at

text: which

text: female

text: dogs

text: will

text: have

text: their

text: first

text: estrous

text: cycle

text: They

text: will

text: experience

text: subsequent

text: estrous

text: cycles

text: biannually

text: during

text: which

text: the

text: body

text: prepares

text: for

text: pregnancy

text: At

text: the

text: peak

text: of

text: the

text: cycle

text: females

text: will

text: come

text: into

text: estrus

text: being

text: mentally

text: and

text: physically

text: receptive

text: to

text: copulation

text: Because

text: the

text: ova

text: survive

text: and

text: are

text: capable

text: of

text: being

text: fertilized

text: for

text: a

text: week

text: after

text: ovulation

text: it

text: is

text: possible

text: for

text: a

text: female

text: to

text: mate

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: male

question: How many times per year do female dogs go into heat?

answer: two

text: two

question: What does going into heat (estrous) prepare a female dog for?

answer: pregnancy.

text: pregnancy.

question: Some larger breeds could take how long to become sexually mature?

answer: two years

text: two years

question: What does a female dog experience at sexual maturity?

answer: first estrous cycle

text: first estrous cycle


text: Some of Elvis Presley's early singles on Sun Records might have sold more copies on 78 than on 45. This is because the majority of those sales in 1954–55 were to the "hillbilly" market in the South and Southwestern United States, where replacing the family 78 rpm player with a new 45 rpm player was a luxury few could afford at the time. By the end of 1957, RCA Victor announced that 78s accounted for less than 10% of Presley's singles sales, essentially announcing the death throes of the 78 rpm format. The last Presley single released on 78 in the United States was RCA Victor 20-7410, I Got Stung/One Night (1958), while the last 78 in the UK was RCA 1194, A Mess Of Blues/Girl Of My Best Friend (1960).

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: Some

text: of

text: Elvis

text: Presley

text: 's

text: early

text: singles

text: on

text: Sun

text: Records

text: might

text: have

text: sold

text: more

text: copies

text: on

text: than

text: on

text: This

text: is

text: because

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: those

text: sales

text: in

text: were

text: to

text: the

text: hillbilly

text: market

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: and

text: Southwestern

text: United

text: States

text: where

text: replacing

text: the

text: family

text: rpm

text: player

text: with

text: a

text: new

text: rpm

text: player

text: was

text: a

text: luxury

text: few

text: could

text: afford

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: RCA

text: Victor

text: announced

text: that

text: accounted

text: for

text: less

text: than

text: of

text: Presley

text: 's

text: singles

text: sales

text: essentially

text: announcing

text: the

text: death

text: throes

text: of

text: the

text: rpm

text: format

text: The

text: last

text: Presley

text: single

text: released

text: on

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: was

text: RCA

text: Victor

text: I

text: Got

text: Stung

text: One

text: Night

text: while

text: the

text: last

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: was

text: RCA

text: A

text: Mess

text: Of

text: Blues

text: Girl

text: Of

text: My

text: Best

text: Friend

question: What percentage of Elvis Presley's single sales were of 78s?

answer: less than 10%

text: less than 10%

question: What was the last 78 released in the UK by RCA?

answer: A Mess Of Blues/Girl Of My Best Friend

text: A Mess Of Blues/Girl Of My Best Friend

question: Why did Elvis sales of 78s perform so well in the Southern States?

answer: 45 rpm player was a luxury few could afford at the time

text: 45 rpm player was a luxury few could afford at the time

question: On which label did Elvis release his early singles?

answer: Sun Records

text: Sun Records

question: What was the last Elvis Presley single released on 78?

answer: I Got Stung/One Night

text: I Got Stung/One Night


text: The emperor Julian made a short-lived attempt to revive traditional and Hellenistic religion and to affirm the special status of Judaism, but in 380 under Theodosius I, Nicene Christianity became the official state religion of the Roman Empire. Pleas for religious tolerance from traditionalists such as the senator Symmachus (d. 402) were rejected. Christianity became increasingly popular. Heretics as well as non-Christians were subject to exclusion from public life or persecution, but Rome's original religious hierarchy and many aspects of its ritual influenced Christian forms, and many pre-Christian beliefs and practices survived in Christian festivals and local traditions.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: The

text: emperor

text: Julian

text: made

text: a

text: short

text: lived

text: attempt

text: to

text: revive

text: traditional

text: and

text: Hellenistic

text: religion

text: and

text: to

text: affirm

text: the

text: special

text: status

text: of

text: Judaism

text: but

text: in

text: under

text: Theodosius

text: I

text: Nicene

text: Christianity

text: became

text: the

text: official

text: state

text: religion

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: Pleas

text: for

text: religious

text: tolerance

text: from

text: traditionalists

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: senator

text: Symmachus

text: d.

text: were

text: rejected

text: Christianity

text: became

text: increasingly

text: popular

text: Heretics

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: non

text: Christians

text: were

text: subject

text: to

text: exclusion

text: from

text: public

text: life

text: or

text: persecution

text: but

text: Rome

text: 's

text: original

text: religious

text: hierarchy

text: and

text: many

text: aspects

text: of

text: its

text: ritual

text: influenced

text: Christian

text: forms

text: and

text: many

text: pre

text: Christian

text: beliefs

text: and

text: practices

text: survived

text: in

text: Christian

text: festivals

text: and

text: local

text: traditions

question: What emperor tried to revive traditional religious practices?

answer: Julian

text: Julian

question: What was proclaimed the state religion under Theodosius I?

answer: Nicene Christianity

text: Nicene Christianity

question: What pleas were rejected by the empire?

answer: religious tolerance

text: religious tolerance

question: What group was excluded or persecuted by the empire?

answer: Heretics

text: Heretics

question: What aspects of Roman religion influenced Christian forms?

answer: ritual

text: ritual


text: An example of the second view at the State level is found in the view of the Florida Supreme Court, that only the Florida Supreme Court may license and regulate attorneys appearing before the courts of Florida, and only the Florida Supreme Court may set rules for procedures in the Florida courts.[citation needed] The State of New Hampshire also follows this system.[citation needed]

text: An

text: example

text: of

text: the

text: second

text: view

text: at

text: the

text: State

text: level

text: is

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: Florida

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: that

text: only

text: the

text: Florida

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: may

text: license

text: and

text: regulate

text: attorneys

text: appearing

text: before

text: the

text: courts

text: of

text: Florida

text: and

text: only

text: the

text: Florida

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: may

text: set

text: rules

text: for

text: procedures

text: in

text: the

text: Florida

text: courts.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: State

text: of

text: New

text: Hampshire

text: also

text: follows

text: this

text: system.[citation

text: needed

question: Who may license and regulate attorneys in Florida?

answer: the Florida Supreme Court

text: the Florida Supreme Court

question: Who sets the procedures to be followed in the Florida court system?

answer: the Florida Supreme Court

text: the Florida Supreme Court

question: In which supreme court is an example of the third view at the State level?

text: Florida Supreme Court

question: Where is an example of the second view at the National level found?

text: Florida Supreme Court

question: Which court is the only one able to set rules for procedures in State courts?

text: Florida Supreme Court

question: Which court is the only one able to regulate attorneys appearing before the Supreme Court?

text: Florida Supreme Court

question: Which court is the only one able to license attorneys appearing before New Hampshire Supreme Court?

text: Florida Supreme Court


text: The format's instant-access capability made it possible for a new breed of LaserDisc-based video arcade games and several companies saw potential in using LaserDiscs for video games in the 1980s and 1990s, beginning in 1983 with Sega's Astron Belt. American Laser Games and Cinematronics produced elaborate arcade consoles that used the random-access features to create interactive movies such as Dragon's Lair and Space Ace. Similarly, the Pioneer Laseractive and Halcyon were introduced as home video game consoles that used LaserDisc media for their software.

title: LaserDisc

title: LaserDisc

text: The

text: format

text: 's

text: instant

text: access

text: capability

text: made

text: it

text: possible

text: for

text: a

text: new

text: breed

text: of

text: LaserDisc

text: based

text: video

text: arcade

text: games

text: and

text: several

text: companies

text: saw

text: potential

text: in

text: using

text: LaserDiscs

text: for

text: video

text: games

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: beginning

text: in

text: with

text: Sega

text: 's

text: Astron

text: Belt

text: American

text: Laser

text: Games

text: and

text: Cinematronics

text: produced

text: elaborate

text: arcade

text: consoles

text: that

text: used

text: the

text: random

text: access

text: features

text: to

text: create

text: interactive

text: movies

text: such

text: as

text: Dragon

text: 's

text: Lair

text: and

text: Space

text: Ace

text: Similarly

text: the

text: Pioneer

text: Laseractive

text: and

text: Halcyon

text: were

text: introduced

text: as

text: home

text: video

text: game

text: consoles

text: that

text: used

text: LaserDisc

text: media

text: for

text: their

text: software

question: What quality made LDs a consideration for videogames in the 1980s and 1990s?

answer: instant-access capability

text: instant-access capability

question: What was the first game to use LaserDiscs?

answer: Sega's Astron Belt

text: Sega's Astron Belt

question: In what year was Sega's AStron Belt released?

answer: 1983


text: The egalitarianism typical of human hunters and gatherers is never total, but is striking when viewed in an evolutionary context. One of humanity's two closest primate relatives, chimpanzees, are anything but egalitarian, forming themselves into hierarchies that are often dominated by an alpha male. So great is the contrast with human hunter-gatherers that it is widely argued by palaeoanthropologists that resistance to being dominated was a key factor driving the evolutionary emergence of human consciousness, language, kinship and social organization.

title: Hunter-gatherer

title: Hunter

title: gatherer

text: The

text: egalitarianism

text: typical

text: of

text: human

text: hunters

text: and

text: gatherers

text: is

text: never

text: total

text: but

text: is

text: striking

text: when

text: viewed

text: in

text: an

text: evolutionary

text: context

text: One

text: of

text: humanity

text: 's

text: two

text: closest

text: primate

text: relatives

text: chimpanzees

text: are

text: anything

text: but

text: egalitarian

text: forming

text: themselves

text: into

text: hierarchies

text: that

text: are

text: often

text: dominated

text: by

text: an

text: alpha

text: male

text: So

text: great

text: is

text: the

text: contrast

text: with

text: human

text: hunter

text: gatherers

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: widely

text: argued

text: by

text: palaeoanthropologists

text: that

text: resistance

text: to

text: being

text: dominated

text: was

text: a

text: key

text: factor

text: driving

text: the

text: evolutionary

text: emergence

text: of

text: human

text: consciousness

text: language

text: kinship

text: and

text: social

text: organization

question: How is it interesting to view hunter-gatherers' egalitarianism?

answer: in an evolutionary context

text: in an evolutionary context

question: What do chimpanzees act like as pertains to being egalitarianism?

answer: anything but egalitarian

text: anything but egalitarian

question: How do chimpanzees arrange themselves in a group setting?

answer: into hierarchies

text: into hierarchies

question: What is the dominate one in a chimpanzee group?

answer: alpha male

text: alpha male

question: Humanity's closest primate relatives are the what?

text: chimpanzees

question: Chimpanzees are similar to humans because they are what?

text: egalitarian

question: The formation of what was a key factor in the emergence of human consciousness?

text: hierarchies

question: The egalitarianism typical of human hunters and gatherers is always what?

text: total

question: What species is often dominated by an alpha female?

text: chimpanzees


text: Semi-additive is the most common process: The unpatterned board has a thin layer of copper already on it. A reverse mask is then applied. (Unlike a subtractive process mask, this mask exposes those parts of the substrate that will eventually become the traces.) Additional copper is then plated onto the board in the unmasked areas; copper may be plated to any desired weight. Tin-lead or other surface platings are then applied. The mask is stripped away and a brief etching step removes the now-exposed bare original copper laminate from the board, isolating the individual traces. Some single-sided boards which have plated-through holes are made in this way. General Electric made consumer radio sets in the late 1960s using additive boards.

title: Printed_circuit_board

title: Printed_circuit_board

text: Semi

text: additive

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: process

text: The

text: unpatterned

text: board

text: has

text: a

text: thin

text: layer

text: of

text: copper

text: already

text: on

text: it

text: A

text: reverse

text: mask

text: is

text: then

text: applied

text: Unlike

text: a

text: subtractive

text: process

text: mask

text: this

text: mask

text: exposes

text: those

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: substrate

text: that

text: will

text: eventually

text: become

text: the

text: traces

text: Additional

text: copper

text: is

text: then

text: plated

text: onto

text: the

text: board

text: in

text: the

text: unmasked

text: areas

text: copper

text: may

text: be

text: plated

text: to

text: any

text: desired

text: weight

text: Tin

text: lead

text: or

text: other

text: surface

text: platings

text: are

text: then

text: applied

text: The

text: mask

text: is

text: stripped

text: away

text: and

text: a

text: brief

text: etching

text: step

text: removes

text: the

text: now

text: exposed

text: bare

text: original

text: copper

text: laminate

text: from

text: the

text: board

text: isolating

text: the

text: individual

text: traces

text: Some

text: single

text: sided

text: boards

text: which

text: have

text: plated

text: through

text: holes

text: are

text: made

text: in

text: this

text: way

text: General

text: Electric

text: made

text: consumer

text: radio

text: sets

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: using

text: additive

text: boards

question: In the semi-additive process, what do the areas exposed by the mask become at the end?

answer: traces

text: traces

question: What metal is used to plate the unmasked parts of the board in the semi-additive method?

answer: copper

text: copper

question: After the mask comes off of the board, what step takes off the original plating?

answer: etching

text: etching

question: What company used to make radios with additive boards in the mid-20th century?

answer: General Electric

text: General Electric

question: What weight of plating is possible with copper?

answer: any

text: any

question: Fully additive is the most common what?

text: process

question: Additional silver is plated onto what?

question: Who made consumer radio sets in the late 1940s using additive boards?

text: General Electric

question: The patterned board has a thin layer of what already on it?

text: copper


text: Within London, both the City of London and the City of Westminster have city status and both the City of London and the remainder of Greater London are counties for the purposes of lieutenancies. The area of Greater London has incorporated areas that were once part of the historic counties of Middlesex, Kent, Surrey, Essex and Hertfordshire. London's status as the capital of England, and later the United Kingdom, has never been granted or confirmed officially—by statute or in written form.[note 6]

title: London

title: London

text: Within

text: London

text: both

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Westminster

text: have

text: city

text: status

text: and

text: both

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: remainder

text: of

text: Greater

text: London

text: are

text: counties

text: for

text: the

text: purposes

text: of

text: lieutenancies

text: The

text: area

text: of

text: Greater

text: London

text: has

text: incorporated

text: areas

text: that

text: were

text: once

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: historic

text: counties

text: of

text: Middlesex

text: Kent

text: Surrey

text: Essex

text: and

text: Hertfordshire

text: London

text: 's

text: status

text: as

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: later

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: has

text: never

text: been

text: granted

text: or

text: confirmed

text: officially

text: by

text: statute

text: or

text: in

text: written

text: form.[note

question: What title regarding London has never been made official in law or by decree?

answer: London's status as the capital of England

text: London's status as the capital of England

question: What areas within Greater London have city status?

answer: the City of London and the City of Westminster

text: the City of London and the City of Westminster

question: For what reason are the City of London and Greater London considered to be counties?

answer: for the purposes of lieutenancies

text: for the purposes of lieutenancies


text: During the turbulent reign of Wang Mang, Han lost control over the Tarim Basin, which was conquered by the Northern Xiongnu in AD 63 and used as a base to invade Han's Hexi Corridor in Gansu. Dou Gu (d. 88 AD) defeated the Northern Xiongnu at the Battle of Yiwulu in AD 73, evicting them from Turpan and chasing them as far as Lake Barkol before establishing a garrison at Hami. After the new Protector General of the Western Regions Chen Mu (d. AD 75) was killed by allies of the Xiongnu in Karasahr and Kucha, the garrison at Hami was withdrawn. At the Battle of Ikh Bayan in AD 89, Dou Xian (d. AD 92) defeated the Northern Xiongnu chanyu who then retreated into the Altai Mountains. After the Northern Xiongnu fled into the Ili River valley in AD 91, the nomadic Xianbei occupied the area from the borders of the Buyeo Kingdom in Manchuria to the Ili River of the Wusun people. The Xianbei reached their apogee under Tanshihuai (檀石槐) (d. AD 180), who consistently defeated Chinese armies. However, Tanshihuai's confederation disintegrated after his death.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: During

text: the

text: turbulent

text: reign

text: of

text: Wang

text: Mang

text: Han

text: lost

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: Tarim

text: Basin

text: which

text: was

text: conquered

text: by

text: the

text: Northern

text: Xiongnu

text: in

text: AD

text: and

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: base

text: to

text: invade

text: Han

text: 's

text: Hexi

text: Corridor

text: in

text: Gansu

text: Dou

text: Gu

text: d.

text: AD

text: defeated

text: the

text: Northern

text: Xiongnu

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Yiwulu

text: in

text: AD

text: evicting

text: them

text: from

text: Turpan

text: and

text: chasing

text: them

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: Lake

text: Barkol

text: before

text: establishing

text: a

text: garrison

text: at

text: Hami

text: After

text: the

text: new

text: Protector

text: General

text: of

text: the

text: Western

text: Regions

text: Chen

text: Mu

text: d.

text: AD

text: was

text: killed

text: by

text: allies

text: of

text: the

text: Xiongnu

text: in

text: Karasahr

text: and

text: Kucha

text: the

text: garrison

text: at

text: Hami

text: was

text: withdrawn

text: At

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Ikh

text: Bayan

text: in

text: AD

text: Dou

text: Xian

text: d.

text: AD

text: defeated

text: the

text: Northern

text: Xiongnu

text: chanyu

text: who

text: then

text: retreated

text: into

text: the

text: Altai

text: Mountains

text: After

text: the

text: Northern

text: Xiongnu

text: fled

text: into

text: the

text: Ili

text: River

text: valley

text: in

text: AD

text: the

text: nomadic

text: Xianbei

text: occupied

text: the

text: area

text: from

text: the

text: borders

text: of

text: the

text: Buyeo

text: Kingdom

text: in

text: Manchuria

text: to

text: the

text: Ili

text: River

text: of

text: the

text: Wusun

text: people

text: The

text: Xianbei

text: reached

text: their

text: apogee

text: under

text: Tanshihuai

text: 檀石槐

text: d.

text: AD

text: who

text: consistently

text: defeated

text: Chinese

text: armies

text: However

text: Tanshihuai

text: 's

text: confederation

text: disintegrated

text: after

text: his

text: death

question: Which Basin did the Han lose authority of?

answer: Tarim

text: Tarim

question: When did Chen Mu die?

answer: AD 75

text: AD 75

question: Where did the Northern Xiongnu flee to in AD 91?

answer: Ili River valley

text: Ili River valley

question: Who was the Protector General of the Western Regions?

answer: Chen Mu

text: Chen Mu

question: Who conquered the Tarim Basin in AD 63?

answer: the Northern Xiongnu

text: the Northern Xiongnu


text: To other analysts the delay between CRA rule changes (in 1995) and the explosion of subprime lending is not surprising, and does not exonerate the CRA. They contend that there were two, connected causes to the crisis: the relaxation of underwriting standards in 1995 and the ultra-low interest rates initiated by the Federal Reserve after the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001. Both causes had to be in place before the crisis could take place. Critics also point out that publicly announced CRA loan commitments were massive, totaling $4.5 trillion in the years between 1994 and 2007. They also argue that the Federal Reserve’s classification of CRA loans as “prime” is based on the faulty and self-serving assumption that high-interest-rate loans (3 percentage points over average) equal “subprime” loans.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: To

text: other

text: analysts

text: the

text: delay

text: between

text: CRA

text: rule

text: changes

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: explosion

text: of

text: subprime

text: lending

text: is

text: not

text: surprising

text: and

text: does

text: not

text: exonerate

text: the

text: CRA

text: They

text: contend

text: that

text: there

text: were

text: two

text: connected

text: causes

text: to

text: the

text: crisis

text: the

text: relaxation

text: of

text: underwriting

text: standards

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: ultra

text: low

text: interest

text: rates

text: initiated

text: by

text: the

text: Federal

text: Reserve

text: after

text: the

text: terrorist

text: attack

text: on

text: September

text: Both

text: causes

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: in

text: place

text: before

text: the

text: crisis

text: could

text: take

text: place

text: Critics

text: also

text: point

text: out

text: that

text: publicly

text: announced

text: CRA

text: loan

text: commitments

text: were

text: massive

text: totaling

text: trillion

text: in

text: the

text: years

text: between

text: and

text: They

text: also

text: argue

text: that

text: the

text: Federal

text: Reserve

text: ’s

text: classification

text: of

text: CRA

text: loans

text: as

text: prime

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: faulty

text: and

text: self

text: serving

text: assumption

text: that

text: high

text: interest

text: rate

text: loans

text: percentage

text: points

text: over

text: average

text: equal

text: subprime

text: loans

question: When did CRA make rule changes to relax underwriting standards?

answer: 1995

question: How much were CRA loan commitments between 1994 and 2007?

answer: $4.5 trillion

text: $4.5 trillion

question: What was the Federal Reserve's assumption regarding what makes a loan subprime?

answer: high-interest-rate loans (3 percentage points over average)

text: high-interest-rate loans (3 percentage points over average)

question: How did the Federal Reserve classify CRA loans?

answer: prime

text: prime

question: When were ultra-low interest rates initiated by the Federal Reserve?

answer: after the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001

text: after the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001


text: On March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. On June 12, Boris Yeltsin was elected President of Russia by popular vote. During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union and Russia, President of Russia Yeltsin strongly supported the President of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev.

title: Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

text: On

text: March

text: an

text: all

text: Russian

text: referendum

text: created

text: the

text: post

text: of

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: RSFSR

text: On

text: June

text: Boris

text: Yeltsin

text: was

text: elected

text: President

text: of

text: Russia

text: by

text: popular

text: vote

text: During

text: an

text: unsuccessful

text: coup

text: attempt

text: on

text: August

text: in

text: Moscow

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: Russia

text: President

text: of

text: Russia

text: Yeltsin

text: strongly

text: supported

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: Mikhail

text: Gorbachev

question: On what date was the office of President of the RSFSR created?

answer: March 17, 1991

text: March 17, 1991

question: Who was the first President of the RSFSR?

answer: Boris Yeltsin

text: Boris Yeltsin

question: Who was the President of the Soviet Union in 1991?

answer: Mikhail Gorbachev

text: Mikhail Gorbachev

question: On what date did the first election for President of the RSFSR occur?

answer: June 12

text: June 12

question: During what period was there an attempted coup in Moscow?

answer: August 19–21, 1991

text: August 19–21, 1991

question: On what date was the office of President of the RSFSR not created?

text: March 17, 1991

question: Who wasn't the first President of the RSFSR?

text: Boris Yeltsin

question: Who was the President of the Soviet Union in 1919?

text: Mikhail Gorbachev

question: On what date did the second election for President of the RSFSR occur?

text: June 12

question: During what period was there an attempted coup in Kiev?

text: August 19–21, 1991


text: The ecumenical movement has had an influence on mainline churches, beginning at least in 1910 with the Edinburgh Missionary Conference. Its origins lay in the recognition of the need for cooperation on the mission field in Africa, Asia and Oceania. Since 1948, the World Council of Churches has been influential, but ineffective in creating a united church. There are also ecumenical bodies at regional, national and local levels across the globe; but schisms still far outnumber unifications. One, but not the only expression of the ecumenical movement, has been the move to form united churches, such as the Church of South India, the Church of North India, the US-based United Church of Christ, the United Church of Canada, the Uniting Church in Australia and the United Church of Christ in the Philippines which have rapidly declining memberships. There has been a strong engagement of Orthodox churches in the ecumenical movement, though the reaction of individual Orthodox theologians has ranged from tentative approval of the aim of Christian unity to outright condemnation of the perceived effect of watering down Orthodox doctrine.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: The

text: ecumenical

text: movement

text: has

text: had

text: an

text: influence

text: on

text: mainline

text: churches

text: beginning

text: at

text: least

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: Edinburgh

text: Missionary

text: Conference

text: Its

text: origins

text: lay

text: in

text: the

text: recognition

text: of

text: the

text: need

text: for

text: cooperation

text: on

text: the

text: mission

text: field

text: in

text: Africa

text: Asia

text: and

text: Oceania

text: Since

text: the

text: World

text: Council

text: of

text: Churches

text: has

text: been

text: influential

text: but

text: ineffective

text: in

text: creating

text: a

text: united

text: church

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: ecumenical

text: bodies

text: at

text: regional

text: national

text: and

text: local

text: levels

text: across

text: the

text: globe

text: but

text: schisms

text: still

text: far

text: outnumber

text: unifications

text: One

text: but

text: not

text: the

text: only

text: expression

text: of

text: the

text: ecumenical

text: movement

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: move

text: to

text: form

text: united

text: churches

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: South

text: India

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: North

text: India

text: the

text: US

text: based

text: United

text: Church

text: of

text: Christ

text: the

text: United

text: Church

text: of

text: Canada

text: the

text: Uniting

text: Church

text: in

text: Australia

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Church

text: of

text: Christ

text: in

text: the

text: Philippines

text: which

text: have

text: rapidly

text: declining

text: memberships

text: There

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: strong

text: engagement

text: of

text: Orthodox

text: churches

text: in

text: the

text: ecumenical

text: movement

text: though

text: the

text: reaction

text: of

text: individual

text: Orthodox

text: theologians

text: has

text: ranged

text: from

text: tentative

text: approval

text: of

text: the

text: aim

text: of

text: Christian

text: unity

text: to

text: outright

text: condemnation

text: of

text: the

text: perceived

text: effect

text: of

text: watering

text: down

text: Orthodox

text: doctrine

question: What group has been unsuccessful in creating a unified church since 1948?

answer: the World Council of Churches

text: the World Council of Churches

question: What conference was held in 1910?

answer: the Edinburgh Missionary Conference

text: the Edinburgh Missionary Conference

question: What churches have been strongly engaged in the ecumenical movement?

answer: Orthodox

text: Orthodox

question: What have Orthodox churches condemned the perception of?

answer: watering down Orthodox doctrine

text: watering down Orthodox doctrine

question: What types of churches have had rapidly declining memberships?

answer: united churches

text: united churches


text: As a landlocked country Tajikistan has no ports and the majority of transportation is via roads, air, and rail. In recent years Tajikistan has pursued agreements with Iran and Pakistan to gain port access in those countries via Afghanistan. In 2009, an agreement was made between Tajikistan, Pakistan, and Afghanistan to improve and build a 1,300 km (810 mi) highway and rail system connecting the three countries to Pakistan's ports. The proposed route would go through the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province in the eastern part of the country. And in 2012, the presidents of Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Iran signed an agreement to construct roads and railways as well as oil, gas, and water pipelines to connect the three countries.

title: Tajikistan

title: Tajikistan

text: As

text: a

text: landlocked

text: country

text: Tajikistan

text: has

text: no

text: ports

text: and

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: transportation

text: is

text: via

text: roads

text: air

text: and

text: rail

text: In

text: recent

text: years

text: Tajikistan

text: has

text: pursued

text: agreements

text: with

text: Iran

text: and

text: Pakistan

text: to

text: gain

text: port

text: access

text: in

text: those

text: countries

text: via

text: Afghanistan

text: In

text: an

text: agreement

text: was

text: made

text: between

text: Tajikistan

text: Pakistan

text: and

text: Afghanistan

text: to

text: improve

text: and

text: build

text: a

text: km

text: mi

text: highway

text: and

text: rail

text: system

text: connecting

text: the

text: three

text: countries

text: to

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: ports

text: The

text: proposed

text: route

text: would

text: go

text: through

text: the

text: Gorno

text: Badakhshan

text: Autonomous

text: Province

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: And

text: in

text: the

text: presidents

text: of

text: Tajikistan

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Iran

text: signed

text: an

text: agreement

text: to

text: construct

text: roads

text: and

text: railways

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: oil

text: gas

text: and

text: water

text: pipelines

text: to

text: connect

text: the

text: three

text: countries

question: What are the majority of transportation options?

answer: via roads, air, and rail.

text: via roads, air, and rail.

question: What countries had Tajikistan been working with to use ports?

answer: Iran and Pakistan

text: Iran and Pakistan

question: What countries did Tajikistan agree with to build a highway and a rail way?

answer: Tajikistan, Pakistan, and Afghanistan

text: Tajikistan, Pakistan, and Afghanistan

question: What year was the agreement signed?

answer: 2012

question: As a country located on the ocean, Tajikistan has no what?

text: ports

question: In ancient years, Tajikistan pursued agreements with whom?

text: Iran and Pakistan

question: The presidents of Tajikistan, Afghanistan, and Ireland signed an agreement to do what?

question: The majority of transportation in Tajikistan is via roads, ship and what?

text: rail

question: In 2019, an agreement was made between what three countries?

text: Tajikistan, Pakistan, and Afghanistan


text: Bermudians served in the British armed forces during both World War I and World War II. After the latter, Major-General Glyn Charles Anglim Gilbert, Bermuda's highest-ranking soldier, was instrumental in developing the Bermuda Regiment. A number of other Bermudians and their descendants had preceded him into senior ranks, including Bahamian-born Admiral Lord Gambier, and Bermudian-born Royal Marines Brigadier Harvey. When promoted to Brigadier at age 39, following his wounding at the Anzio landings, Harvey became the youngest-ever Royal Marine Brigadier. The Cenotaph in front of the Cabinet Building (in Hamilton) was erected in tribute to Bermuda's Great War dead (the tribute was later extended to Bermuda's Second World War dead) and is the site of the annual Remembrance Day commemoration.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: Bermudians

text: served

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: armed

text: forces

text: during

text: both

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: and

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: After

text: the

text: latter

text: Major

text: General

text: Glyn

text: Charles

text: Anglim

text: Gilbert

text: Bermuda

text: 's

text: highest

text: ranking

text: soldier

text: was

text: instrumental

text: in

text: developing

text: the

text: Bermuda

text: Regiment

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: Bermudians

text: and

text: their

text: descendants

text: had

text: preceded

text: him

text: into

text: senior

text: ranks

text: including

text: Bahamian

text: born

text: Admiral

text: Lord

text: Gambier

text: and

text: Bermudian

text: born

text: Royal

text: Marines

text: Brigadier

text: Harvey

text: When

text: promoted

text: to

text: Brigadier

text: at

text: age

text: following

text: his

text: wounding

text: at

text: the

text: Anzio

text: landings

text: Harvey

text: became

text: the

text: youngest

text: ever

text: Royal

text: Marine

text: Brigadier

text: The

text: Cenotaph

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: Cabinet

text: Building

text: in

text: Hamilton

text: was

text: erected

text: in

text: tribute

text: to

text: Bermuda

text: 's

text: Great

text: War

text: dead

text: the

text: tribute

text: was

text: later

text: extended

text: to

text: Bermuda

text: 's

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: dead

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: annual

text: Remembrance

text: Day

text: commemoration

question: When did Bermudians serve in the British Armed forces?

answer: World War I and World War II

text: World War I and World War II

question: Who was key to establishing Bermuda's Regiment?

answer: Major-General Glyn Charles Anglim Gilbert

text: Major-General Glyn Charles Anglim Gilbert

question: Who was the youngest Royal Marine Brigadier?

answer: Brigadier Harvey

text: Brigadier Harvey

question: What is the site for Bermuda's Remembrance Day?

answer: Cenotaph in front of the Cabinet Building

text: Cenotaph in front of the Cabinet Building

question: Who was Major-General Charles Glyn Gilbert Anglim?

text: Bermuda's highest-ranking soldier

question: What was Major-General Charles Glyn Gilbert Anglim instrumental in?

text: developing the Bermuda Regiment

question: Who did Admiral Lord Gambier and Marines Brigadier Royal Harvey precede?

question: Who became the youngest-ever Marine Royal Brigadier?

text: Harvey


text: Asphalt/bitumen can sometimes be confused with "coal tar", which is a visually similar black, thermoplastic material produced by the destructive distillation of coal. During the early and mid-20th century when town gas was produced, coal tar was a readily available byproduct and extensively used as the binder for road aggregates. The addition of tar to macadam roads led to the word tarmac, which is now used in common parlance to refer to road-making materials. However, since the 1970s, when natural gas succeeded town gas, asphalt/bitumen has completely overtaken the use of coal tar in these applications. Other examples of this confusion include the La Brea Tar Pits and the Canadian oil sands, both of which actually contain natural bitumen rather than tar. Pitch is another term sometimes used at times to refer to asphalt/bitumen, as in Pitch Lake.

title: Asphalt

title: Asphalt

text: Asphalt

text: bitumen

text: can

text: sometimes

text: be

text: confused

text: with

text: coal

text: tar

text: which

text: is

text: a

text: visually

text: similar

text: black

text: thermoplastic

text: material

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: destructive

text: distillation

text: of

text: coal

text: During

text: the

text: early

text: and

text: century

text: when

text: town

text: gas

text: was

text: produced

text: coal

text: tar

text: was

text: a

text: readily

text: available

text: byproduct

text: and

text: extensively

text: used

text: as

text: the

text: binder

text: for

text: road

text: aggregates

text: The

text: addition

text: of

text: tar

text: to

text: macadam

text: roads

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: word

text: tarmac

text: which

text: is

text: now

text: used

text: in

text: common

text: parlance

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: road

text: making

text: materials

text: However

text: since

text: the

text: when

text: natural

text: gas

text: succeeded

text: town

text: gas

text: asphalt

text: bitumen

text: has

text: completely

text: overtaken

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: coal

text: tar

text: in

text: these

text: applications

text: Other

text: examples

text: of

text: this

text: confusion

text: include

text: the

text: La

text: Brea

text: Tar

text: Pits

text: and

text: the

text: Canadian

text: oil

text: sands

text: both

text: of

text: which

text: actually

text: contain

text: natural

text: bitumen

text: rather

text: than

text: tar

text: Pitch

text: is

text: another

text: term

text: sometimes

text: used

text: at

text: times

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: asphalt

text: bitumen

text: as

text: in

text: Pitch

text: Lake

question: To what similar substance can asphalt be confused?

answer: coal tar

text: coal tar

question: For what was coal tar used in road paving?

answer: binder

text: binder

question: What is the common word is used to describe the combination of tar and macadam?

answer: tarmac

text: tarmac

question: What use has pushed out the need to produce roads with coal tar?

answer: natural gas

text: natural gas

question: Instead of tar, what does the La Brea Tars Pits contain?

answer: bitumen

text: bitumen

question: What is a blood orange color and sometimes confused with "coal tar"?

text: Asphalt/bitumen

question: Which similar endothermic material is sometimes confused with asphalt?

text: coal tar

question: Which similar oil can asphalt be confused with?

text: coal tar

question: Coal tar has totally overtaken the use of asphalt since which decade?

question: What was used as pitch for road aggregates?

text: coal tar


text: Available web browsers range in features from minimal, text-based user interfaces with bare-bones support for HTML to rich user interfaces supporting a wide variety of file formats and protocols. Browsers which include additional components to support e-mail, Usenet news, and Internet Relay Chat (IRC), are sometimes referred to as "Internet suites" rather than merely "web browsers".

title: Web_browser

title: Web_browser

text: Available

text: web

text: browsers

text: range

text: in

text: features

text: from

text: minimal

text: text

text: based

text: user

text: interfaces

text: with

text: bare

text: bones

text: support

text: for

text: HTML

text: to

text: rich

text: user

text: interfaces

text: supporting

text: a

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: file

text: formats

text: and

text: protocols

text: Browsers

text: which

text: include

text: additional

text: components

text: to

text: support

text: e

text: mail

text: Usenet

text: news

text: and

text: Internet

text: Relay

text: Chat

text: IRC

text: are

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Internet

text: suites

text: rather

text: than

text: merely

text: web

text: browsers

question: Features on a browser can range from minimal with little support to what?

answer: rich user interfaces

text: rich user interfaces

question: When a browser includes a lot of extras, it can be referred to as what?

answer: Internet suites

text: Internet suites

question: What does IRC stand for?

answer: Internet Relay Chat

text: Internet Relay Chat

question: What are some features that IRC has?

question: What are IRC's sometimes referred to as?

text: "Internet suites"

question: What are some features of HTML?

question: What are some extra features included in IRC?

text: e-mail, Usenet news

question: What does e-mail also support?


text: The succeeding Prussian reforms instigated by Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg included the implementation of an Oberlandesgericht appellation court at Königsberg, a municipal corporation, economic freedom as well as emancipation of the serfs and Jews. In the course of the Prussian restoration by the 1815 Congress of Vienna, the East Prussian territories were re-arranged in the Regierungsbezirke of Gumbinnen and Königsberg. From 1905, the southern districts of East Prussia formed the separate Regierungsbezirk of Allenstein. East and West Prussia were first united in personal union in 1824, and then merged in a real union in 1829 to form the Province of Prussia. The united province was again split into separate East and West Prussian provinces in 1878.

title: East_Prussia

title: East_Prussia

text: The

text: succeeding

text: Prussian

text: reforms

text: instigated

text: by

text: Heinrich

text: Friedrich

text: Karl

text: vom

text: und

text: zum

text: Stein

text: and

text: Karl

text: August

text: von

text: Hardenberg

text: included

text: the

text: implementation

text: of

text: an

text: Oberlandesgericht

text: appellation

text: court

text: at

text: Königsberg

text: a

text: municipal

text: corporation

text: economic

text: freedom

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: emancipation

text: of

text: the

text: serfs

text: and

text: Jews

text: In

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: Prussian

text: restoration

text: by

text: the

text: Congress

text: of

text: Vienna

text: the

text: East

text: Prussian

text: territories

text: were

text: re

text: arranged

text: in

text: the

text: Regierungsbezirke

text: of

text: Gumbinnen

text: and

text: Königsberg

text: From

text: the

text: southern

text: districts

text: of

text: East

text: Prussia

text: formed

text: the

text: separate

text: Regierungsbezirk

text: of

text: Allenstein

text: East

text: and

text: West

text: Prussia

text: were

text: first

text: united

text: in

text: personal

text: union

text: in

text: and

text: then

text: merged

text: in

text: a

text: real

text: union

text: in

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: Province

text: of

text: Prussia

text: The

text: united

text: province

text: was

text: again

text: split

text: into

text: separate

text: East

text: and

text: West

text: Prussian

text: provinces

text: in

question: Who instigated the Prussian reforms?

answer: Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg

text: Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom und zum Stein and Karl August von Hardenberg

question: What was included in the reform?

answer: emancipation of the serfs and Jews

text: emancipation of the serfs and Jews

question: In what year was East and West Prussia first united?

answer: 1824

question: When did East and West Prussia split again?

answer: 1878

question: Who was the leader of the Province of Prussia?

question: Who was the first leader of the Regierungsbezrik of Allenstein?

text: Karl August von Hardenberg

question: Who led the East Prussian province in 1878?

question: Who led the West Prussian province in 1878?

text: Karl August von Hardenberg

question: What did the northern districts of East Prussia form in 1905?

text: Regierungsbezirk of Allenstein


text: Pesticides are often referred to according to the type of pest they control. Pesticides can also be considered as either biodegradable pesticides, which will be broken down by microbes and other living beings into harmless compounds, or persistent pesticides, which may take months or years before they are broken down: it was the persistence of DDT, for example, which led to its accumulation in the food chain and its killing of birds of prey at the top of the food chain. Another way to think about pesticides is to consider those that are chemical pesticides or are derived from a common source or production method.

title: Pesticide

title: Pesticide

text: Pesticides

text: are

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: type

text: of

text: pest

text: they

text: control

text: Pesticides

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: considered

text: as

text: either

text: biodegradable

text: pesticides

text: which

text: will

text: be

text: broken

text: down

text: by

text: microbes

text: and

text: other

text: living

text: beings

text: into

text: harmless

text: compounds

text: or

text: persistent

text: pesticides

text: which

text: may

text: take

text: months

text: or

text: years

text: before

text: they

text: are

text: broken

text: down

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: persistence

text: of

text: DDT

text: for

text: example

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: its

text: accumulation

text: in

text: the

text: food

text: chain

text: and

text: its

text: killing

text: of

text: birds

text: of

text: prey

text: at

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: food

text: chain

text: Another

text: way

text: to

text: think

text: about

text: pesticides

text: is

text: to

text: consider

text: those

text: that

text: are

text: chemical

text: pesticides

text: or

text: are

text: derived

text: from

text: a

text: common

text: source

text: or

text: production

text: method

question: What is one type of pesticide?

answer: biodegradable

text: biodegradable

question: How long may it take for persistent pesticides to be broken down?

answer: months or years

text: months or years

question: What quality caused DDT to build up in various organisms?

answer: persistence

text: persistence

question: What is one way to classify pesticides?

answer: type of pest they control

text: type of pest they control

question: What is one characteristic that defines the nature of microbes?

text: persistent

question: How long do microbes live in the soil?

text: months or years

question: What is one way to classify birds?

text: the type of pest they control

question: What happens when there are too many microbes in the soil?

text: killing of birds of prey

question: Where do microbes usually come from when in the environment?

text: a common source


text: In 1981 a team of researchers from the Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée, including Jacques Cauvin and Oliver Aurenche divided Near East neolithic chronology into ten periods (0 to 9) based on social, economic and cultural characteristics. In 2002 Danielle Stordeur and Frédéric Abbès advanced this system with a division into five periods. Natufian (1) between 12,000 and 10,200 BC, Khiamian (2) between 10,200-8,800 BC, PPNA: Sultanian (Jericho), Mureybetian, early PPNB (PPNB ancien) (3) between 8,800-7,600 BC, middle PPNB (PPNB moyen) 7,600-6,900 BC, late PPNB (PPNB récent) (4) between 7,500 and 7,000 BC and a PPNB (sometimes called PPNC) transitional stage (PPNB final) (5) where Halaf and dark faced burnished ware begin to emerge between 6,900-6,400 BC. They also advanced the idea of a transitional stage between the PPNA and PPNB between 8,800 and 8,600 BC at sites like Jerf el Ahmar and Tell Aswad.

title: Neolithic

title: Neolithic

text: In

text: a

text: team

text: of

text: researchers

text: from

text: the

text: Maison

text: de

text: l'Orient

text: et

text: de

text: la

text: Méditerranée

text: including

text: Jacques

text: Cauvin

text: and

text: Oliver

text: Aurenche

text: divided

text: Near

text: East

text: neolithic

text: chronology

text: into

text: ten

text: periods

text: to

text: based

text: on

text: social

text: economic

text: and

text: cultural

text: characteristics

text: In

text: Danielle

text: Stordeur

text: and

text: Frédéric

text: Abbès

text: advanced

text: this

text: system

text: with

text: a

text: division

text: into

text: five

text: periods

text: Natufian

text: between

text: and

text: BC

text: Khiamian

text: between

text: BC

text: PPNA

text: Sultanian

text: Jericho

text: Mureybetian

text: early

text: PPNB

text: PPNB

text: ancien

text: between

text: BC

text: middle

text: PPNB

text: PPNB

text: moyen

text: BC

text: late

text: PPNB

text: PPNB

text: récent

text: between

text: and

text: BC

text: and

text: a

text: PPNB

text: sometimes

text: called

text: PPNC

text: transitional

text: stage

text: PPNB

text: final

text: where

text: Halaf

text: and

text: dark

text: faced

text: burnished

text: ware

text: begin

text: to

text: emerge

text: between

text: BC

text: They

text: also

text: advanced

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: a

text: transitional

text: stage

text: between

text: the

text: PPNA

text: and

text: PPNB

text: between

text: and

text: BC

text: at

text: sites

text: like

text: Jerf

text: el

text: Ahmar

text: and

text: Tell

text: Aswad

question: What are the names of two researchers who divided neolithic chronology into ten periods?

answer: Jacques Cauvin and Oliver Aurenche

text: Jacques Cauvin and Oliver Aurenche

question: What traits did researchers use to divide the ten periods?

answer: social, economic and cultural characteristics

text: social, economic and cultural characteristics

question: When was the original division of 10 advanced to a division of 5?

answer: 2002

question: What are the names of two researchers who divided neolithic chronology into five periods?

answer: Danielle Stordeur and Frédéric Abbès

text: Danielle Stordeur and Frédéric Abbès

question: What are the names of two researchers who divided neolithic chronology into nine periods?

text: Jacques Cauvin and Oliver Aurenche

question: What traits did researchers use to divide the nine periods?

question: When was the original division of 9 advanced to a division of 5?

question: What are the names of two researchers who divided neolithic chronology in to four periods?

text: Danielle Stordeur and Frédéric Abbès

question: Who advanced the idea of a final stage between the PPNA and PPNB?

text: Danielle Stordeur and Frédéric Abbès