text: The United States has become essentially a two-party system. Since a conservative (such as the Republican Party) and liberal (such as the Democratic Party) party has usually been the status quo within American politics. The first parties were called Federalist and Republican, followed by a brief period of Republican dominance before a split occurred between National Republicans and Democratic Republicans. The former became the Whig Party and the latter became the Democratic Party. The Whigs survived only for two decades before they split over the spread of slavery, those opposed becoming members of the new Republican Party, as did anti-slavery members of the Democratic Party. Third parties (such as the Libertarian Party) often receive little support and are very rarely the victors in elections. Despite this, there have been several examples of third parties siphoning votes from major parties that were expected to win (such as Theodore Roosevelt in the election of 1912 and George Wallace in the election of 1968). As third party movements have learned, the Electoral College's requirement of a nationally distributed majority makes it difficult for third parties to succeed. Thus, such parties rarely win many electoral votes, although their popular support within a state may tip it toward one party or the other. Wallace had weak support outside the South. More generally, parties with a broad base of support across regions or among economic and other interest groups, have a great chance of winning the necessary plurality in the U.S.'s largely single-member district, winner-take-all elections. The tremendous land area and large population of the country are formidable challenges to political parties with a narrow appeal.

title: Political_party

title: Political_party

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: has

text: become

text: essentially

text: a

text: two

text: party

text: system

text: Since

text: a

text: conservative

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Republican

text: Party

text: and

text: liberal

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Party

text: party

text: has

text: usually

text: been

text: the

text: status

text: quo

text: within

text: American

text: politics

text: The

text: first

text: parties

text: were

text: called

text: Federalist

text: and

text: Republican

text: followed

text: by

text: a

text: brief

text: period

text: of

text: Republican

text: dominance

text: before

text: a

text: split

text: occurred

text: between

text: National

text: Republicans

text: and

text: Democratic

text: Republicans

text: The

text: former

text: became

text: the

text: Whig

text: Party

text: and

text: the

text: latter

text: became

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Party

text: The

text: Whigs

text: survived

text: only

text: for

text: two

text: decades

text: before

text: they

text: split

text: over

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: slavery

text: those

text: opposed

text: becoming

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: Republican

text: Party

text: as

text: did

text: anti

text: slavery

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Democratic

text: Party

text: Third

text: parties

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Libertarian

text: Party

text: often

text: receive

text: little

text: support

text: and

text: are

text: very

text: rarely

text: the

text: victors

text: in

text: elections

text: Despite

text: this

text: there

text: have

text: been

text: several

text: examples

text: of

text: third

text: parties

text: siphoning

text: votes

text: from

text: major

text: parties

text: that

text: were

text: expected

text: to

text: win

text: such

text: as

text: Theodore

text: Roosevelt

text: in

text: the

text: election

text: of

text: and

text: George

text: Wallace

text: in

text: the

text: election

text: of

text: As

text: third

text: party

text: movements

text: have

text: learned

text: the

text: Electoral

text: College

text: 's

text: requirement

text: of

text: a

text: nationally

text: distributed

text: majority

text: makes

text: it

text: difficult

text: for

text: third

text: parties

text: to

text: succeed

text: Thus

text: such

text: parties

text: rarely

text: win

text: many

text: electoral

text: votes

text: although

text: their

text: popular

text: support

text: within

text: a

text: state

text: may

text: tip

text: it

text: toward

text: one

text: party

text: or

text: the

text: other

text: Wallace

text: had

text: weak

text: support

text: outside

text: the

text: South

text: More

text: generally

text: parties

text: with

text: a

text: broad

text: base

text: of

text: support

text: across

text: regions

text: or

text: among

text: economic

text: and

text: other

text: interest

text: groups

text: have

text: a

text: great

text: chance

text: of

text: winning

text: the

text: necessary

text: plurality

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: 's

text: largely

text: single

text: member

text: district

text: winner

text: take

text: all

text: elections

text: The

text: tremendous

text: land

text: area

text: and

text: large

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: are

text: formidable

text: challenges

text: to

text: political

text: parties

text: with

text: a

text: narrow

text: appeal

question: What type of party system is the United States?

answer: two-party system

text: two-party system

question: What were the first parties in the united States called?

answer: Federalist and Republican

text: Federalist and Republican

question: For how long did the Whigs survive?

answer: two decades

text: two decades

question: What are challenged to an unpopular political party?

answer: tremendous land area and large population of the country

text: tremendous land area and large population of the country

question: Which party was anti-slavery?

answer: Democratic Party

text: Democratic Party

question: In what year did National and Democratic Republicans split?

question: What topic caused Teddy Roosevelt to lose the election in 1912?

text: the spread of slavery

question: For how long did the Federalist Party exist?

text: two decades

question: What was Teddy Roosevelt guilty of in 1912?

text: siphoning votes

question: What kind of support did Teddy Roosevelt have outside the South?

text: weak support


text: Also on the north side is the suburban community of Catalina Foothills, located in the foothills of the Santa Catalina Mountains just north of the city limits. This community includes among the area's most expensive homes, sometimes multimillion-dollar estates. The Foothills area is generally defined as north of River Road, east of Oracle Road, and west of Sabino Creek. Some of the Tucson area's major resorts are located in the Catalina Foothills, including the Hacienda Del Sol, Westin La Paloma Resort, Loews Ventana Canyon Resort and Canyon Ranch Resort. La Encantada, an upscale outdoor shopping mall, is also in the Foothills.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: Also

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: side

text: is

text: the

text: suburban

text: community

text: of

text: Catalina

text: Foothills

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: foothills

text: of

text: the

text: Santa

text: Catalina

text: Mountains

text: just

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: limits

text: This

text: community

text: includes

text: among

text: the

text: area

text: 's

text: most

text: expensive

text: homes

text: sometimes

text: multimillion

text: dollar

text: estates

text: The

text: Foothills

text: area

text: is

text: generally

text: defined

text: as

text: north

text: of

text: River

text: Road

text: east

text: of

text: Oracle

text: Road

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: Sabino

text: Creek

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: Tucson

text: area

text: 's

text: major

text: resorts

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Catalina

text: Foothills

text: including

text: the

text: Hacienda

text: Del

text: Sol

text: Westin

text: La

text: Paloma

text: Resort

text: Loews

text: Ventana

text: Canyon

text: Resort

text: and

text: Canyon

text: Ranch

text: Resort

text: La

text: Encantada

text: an

text: upscale

text: outdoor

text: shopping

text: mall

text: is

text: also

text: in

text: the

text: Foothills

question: What is the Foothills west of?

answer: Sabino Creek

text: Sabino Creek

question: Where are some of the major resorts of Tuscon?

answer: Catalina Foothills

text: Catalina Foothills

question: What is the Foothills east of?

answer: Oracle Road

text: Oracle Road

question: What is La Encantada?

answer: upscale outdoor shopping mall

text: upscale outdoor shopping mall

question: What community is north of Tucson's city limits?

answer: Catalina Foothills

text: Catalina Foothills

question: Where are the most expensive homes in the Tucson metro area?

answer: Catalina Foothills

text: Catalina Foothills

question: What is the southern edge of the Catalina Foothills area?

answer: River Road

text: River Road

question: What outdoor mall is in Catalina Foothills?

answer: La Encantada

text: La Encantada

question: Which big resorts are in Catalina Foothills?

answer: Hacienda Del Sol, Westin La Paloma Resort, Loews Ventana Canyon Resort and Canyon Ranch Resort

text: Hacienda Del Sol, Westin La Paloma Resort, Loews Ventana Canyon Resort and Canyon Ranch Resort


text: The Gospel of John and particularly the first chapter demonstrates the Divinity of Jesus. This Gospel in itself is the greatest support of Athanasius's stand. The Gospel of John's first chapter began to be said at the end of Mass, we believe as a result of Athanasius, and his life's stand, but quietly. The Last Gospel of The Mass, The Eucharist, St John[1:1–14], together with the prayer; "Placeat tibi", the Blessing, are all private devotions that have been gradually absorbed by the liturgical service. The beginning of John's Gospel was much used as an object of special devotion throughout the Middle Ages. Nevertheless, the practice of saying it at the altar grew; eventually Pius V made this practice universal for the Roman Rite in his edition of the Missal (1570). It became a firm custom with exceptions in using an other Gospel in use from 1920. So the Missals showed different last Gospel for certain Feast days. A Prayer Card for the St John's Gospel. Also:

title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

text: The

text: Gospel

text: of

text: John

text: and

text: particularly

text: the

text: first

text: chapter

text: demonstrates

text: the

text: Divinity

text: of

text: Jesus

text: This

text: Gospel

text: in

text: itself

text: is

text: the

text: greatest

text: support

text: of

text: Athanasius

text: 's

text: stand

text: The

text: Gospel

text: of

text: John

text: 's

text: first

text: chapter

text: began

text: to

text: be

text: said

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: Mass

text: we

text: believe

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: Athanasius

text: and

text: his

text: life

text: 's

text: stand

text: but

text: quietly

text: The

text: Last

text: Gospel

text: of

text: The

text: Mass

text: The

text: Eucharist

text: St

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: prayer

text: Placeat

text: tibi

text: the

text: Blessing

text: are

text: all

text: private

text: devotions

text: that

text: have

text: been

text: gradually

text: absorbed

text: by

text: the

text: liturgical

text: service

text: The

text: beginning

text: of

text: John

text: 's

text: Gospel

text: was

text: much

text: used

text: as

text: an

text: object

text: of

text: special

text: devotion

text: throughout

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: Nevertheless

text: the

text: practice

text: of

text: saying

text: it

text: at

text: the

text: altar

text: grew

text: eventually

text: Pius

text: V

text: made

text: this

text: practice

text: universal

text: for

text: the

text: Roman

text: Rite

text: in

text: his

text: edition

text: of

text: the

text: Missal

text: It

text: became

text: a

text: firm

text: custom

text: with

text: exceptions

text: in

text: using

text: an

text: other

text: Gospel

text: in

text: use

text: from

text: So

text: the

text: Missals

text: showed

text: different

text: last

text: Gospel

text: for

text: certain

text: Feast

text: days

text: A

text: Prayer

text: Card

text: for

text: the

text: St

text: John

text: 's

text: Gospel

text: Also

question: Which of the Gospels most agrees with Athanasius?

answer: Gospel of John

text: Gospel of John

question: What does this Gospel show that Athanasius also believed?

answer: the Divinity of Jesus

text: the Divinity of Jesus

question: Why is the Gospel of John said at the end of Catholic Mass?

answer: a result of Athanasius

text: a result of Athanasius

question: Where was this Gospel said?

answer: at the altar

text: at the altar

question: When are different Gospels said?

answer: certain Feast days

text: certain Feast days

question: Which of the Gospels most disagrees with Athanasius?

text: Gospel of John's

question: What does this Gospel show that Athanasius also didn't believe?

text: Divinity of Jesus

question: Why is the Gospel of John said at the end of Christian Mass?

text: result of Athanasius

question: Where was this Gospel never said?

text: at the altar


text: Policing in Greater London, with the exception of the City of London, is provided by the Metropolitan Police Service, overseen by the Mayor through the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime (MOPAC). The City of London has its own police force – the City of London Police. The British Transport Police are responsible for police services on National Rail, London Underground, Docklands Light Railway and Tramlink services. A fourth police force in London, the Ministry of Defence Police, do not generally become involved with policing the general public.

title: London

title: London

text: Policing

text: in

text: Greater

text: London

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: is

text: provided

text: by

text: the

text: Metropolitan

text: Police

text: Service

text: overseen

text: by

text: the

text: Mayor

text: through

text: the

text: Mayor

text: 's

text: Office

text: for

text: Policing

text: and

text: Crime

text: MOPAC

text: The

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: has

text: its

text: own

text: police

text: force

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: Police

text: The

text: British

text: Transport

text: Police

text: are

text: responsible

text: for

text: police

text: services

text: on

text: National

text: Rail

text: London

text: Underground

text: Docklands

text: Light

text: Railway

text: and

text: Tramlink

text: services

text: A

text: fourth

text: police

text: force

text: in

text: London

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Defence

text: Police

text: do

text: not

text: generally

text: become

text: involved

text: with

text: policing

text: the

text: general

text: public

question: Which police force in London does not typically engage in police activity with the general public?

answer: the Ministry of Defence Police

text: the Ministry of Defence Police

question: What area of London does the Metropolitan Police Service cover?

answer: Greater London, with the exception of the City of London

text: Greater London, with the exception of the City of London

question: What agency is responsible for policing rail services in London?

answer: The British Transport Police

text: The British Transport Police

question: What department runs the Metropolitan Police Service?

answer: the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime (MOPAC).

text: the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime (MOPAC).

question: What is the name of the City of London's police force?

answer: the City of London Police

text: the City of London Police


text: In September 1998, the Fraunhofer Institute sent a letter to several developers of MP3 software stating that a license was required to "distribute and/or sell decoders and/or encoders". The letter claimed that unlicensed products "infringe the patent rights of Fraunhofer and Thomson. To make, sell and/or distribute products using the [MPEG Layer-3] standard and thus our patents, you need to obtain a license under these patents from us."

title: MP3

title: MP3

text: In

text: September

text: the

text: Fraunhofer

text: Institute

text: sent

text: a

text: letter

text: to

text: several

text: developers

text: of

text: software

text: stating

text: that

text: a

text: license

text: was

text: required

text: to

text: distribute

text: and/or

text: sell

text: decoders

text: and/or

text: encoders

text: The

text: letter

text: claimed

text: that

text: unlicensed

text: products

text: infringe

text: the

text: patent

text: rights

text: of

text: Fraunhofer

text: and

text: Thomson

text: To

text: make

text: sell

text: and/or

text: distribute

text: products

text: using

text: the

text: MPEG

text: standard

text: and

text: thus

text: our

text: patents

text: you

text: need

text: to

text: obtain

text: a

text: license

text: under

text: these

text: patents

text: from

text: us

question: When did the Fraunhofer institute send out a letter?

answer: September 1998

text: September 1998

question: What did the letter claim would be required to distribute and/or sell decoders and/or encoders?

answer: a license

text: a license

question: What does selling unlicensed products mean that the seller is doing?

answer: infringe the patent rights of Fraunhofer and Thomson

text: infringe the patent rights of Fraunhofer and Thomson

question: What can products not use if they want to avoid infringing on patent rights?

answer: the [MPEG Layer-3] standard

text: the [MPEG Layer-3] standard


text: A number of congresses of the socialist First and Second Internationals were held in Bern, particularly during World War I when Switzerland was neutral; see Bern International.

title: Bern

title: Bern

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: congresses

text: of

text: the

text: socialist

text: First

text: and

text: Second

text: Internationals

text: were

text: held

text: in

text: Bern

text: particularly

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: when

text: Switzerland

text: was

text: neutral

text: see

text: Bern

text: International

question: What congresses were held in Bern?

answer: First and Second Internationals

text: First and Second Internationals

question: In World War I, what side was Switzerland on?

answer: Switzerland was neutral

text: Switzerland was neutral


text: A Colorado study found bites in children were less severe than bites in adults. The incidence of dog bites in the US is 12.9 per 10,000 inhabitants, but for boys aged 5 to 9, the incidence rate is 60.7 per 10,000. Moreover, children have a much higher chance to be bitten in the face or neck. Sharp claws with powerful muscles behind them can lacerate flesh in a scratch that can lead to serious infections.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: A

text: Colorado

text: study

text: found

text: bites

text: in

text: children

text: were

text: less

text: severe

text: than

text: bites

text: in

text: adults

text: The

text: incidence

text: of

text: dog

text: bites

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: is

text: per

text: inhabitants

text: but

text: for

text: boys

text: aged

text: to

text: the

text: incidence

text: rate

text: is

text: per

text: Moreover

text: children

text: have

text: a

text: much

text: higher

text: chance

text: to

text: be

text: bitten

text: in

text: the

text: face

text: or

text: neck

text: Sharp

text: claws

text: with

text: powerful

text: muscles

text: behind

text: them

text: can

text: lacerate

text: flesh

text: in

text: a

text: scratch

text: that

text: can

text: lead

text: to

text: serious

text: infections

question: According to a Colorado study, dog bites are what in children as compared to adults?

answer: less severe

text: less severe

question: Out of 10,000 people, how many people are bitten by dogs in the United States?

answer: 12.9

question: Out of 10,000 boys between five and nine years old, how many are bitten annually by dogs?

answer: 60.7

question: Children are often bit where by dogs?

answer: the face or neck.

text: the face or neck.

question: A dog scratch can lead to what medical condition?

answer: infections.

text: infections.

question: Where was the study done that showed dog bites were less serious in children than adults?

answer: Colorado

text: Colorado

question: About 12.9 out of 10,000 are bit by dogs, but what is the number in 10,000 for young boys from 5 to 9?

answer: 60.7

question: According to the text, dog scratches can cause what?

answer: infections.

text: infections.


text: The south of the city is home to some other high-income neighborhoods such as Colonia del Valle and Jardines del Pedregal, and the formerly separate colonial towns of Coyoacán, San Ángel, and San Jerónimo. Along Avenida Insurgentes from Paseo de la Reforma, near the center, south past the World Trade Center and UNAM university towards the Periférico ring road, is another important corridor of corporate office space. The far southern boroughs of Xochimilco and Tláhuac have a significant rural population with Milpa Alta being entirely rural.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: The

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: some

text: other

text: high

text: income

text: neighborhoods

text: such

text: as

text: Colonia

text: del

text: Valle

text: and

text: Jardines

text: del

text: Pedregal

text: and

text: the

text: formerly

text: separate

text: colonial

text: towns

text: of

text: Coyoacán

text: San

text: Ángel

text: and

text: San

text: Jerónimo

text: Along

text: Avenida

text: Insurgentes

text: from

text: Paseo

text: de

text: la

text: Reforma

text: near

text: the

text: center

text: south

text: past

text: the

text: World

text: Trade

text: Center

text: and

text: UNAM

text: university

text: towards

text: the

text: Periférico

text: ring

text: road

text: is

text: another

text: important

text: corridor

text: of

text: corporate

text: office

text: space

text: The

text: far

text: southern

text: boroughs

text: of

text: Xochimilco

text: and

text: Tláhuac

text: have

text: a

text: significant

text: rural

text: population

text: with

text: Milpa

text: Alta

text: being

text: entirely

text: rural

question: What type of population lives in Tiahuac?

answer: rural

text: rural

question: How is Milpa Alta constructed?

answer: entirely rural

text: entirely rural

question: Where is the World Trade Center?

answer: Along Avenida Insurgentes

text: Along Avenida Insurgentes

question: What is the name of one of the rich neighborhoods south of the city?

answer: Colonia del Valle

text: Colonia del Valle


text: When World War I broke out leading to confrontation between the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Empire in the Caucasus and Persian Campaigns, the new government in Istanbul began to look on the Armenians with distrust and suspicion. This was because the Imperial Russian Army contained a contingent of Armenian volunteers. On 24 April 1915, Armenian intellectuals were arrested by Ottoman authorities and, with the Tehcir Law (29 May 1915), eventually a large proportion of Armenians living in Anatolia perished in what has become known as the Armenian Genocide.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: When

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: broke

text: out

text: leading

text: to

text: confrontation

text: between

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: and

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: in

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: and

text: Persian

text: Campaigns

text: the

text: new

text: government

text: in

text: Istanbul

text: began

text: to

text: look

text: on

text: the

text: Armenians

text: with

text: distrust

text: and

text: suspicion

text: This

text: was

text: because

text: the

text: Imperial

text: Russian

text: Army

text: contained

text: a

text: contingent

text: of

text: Armenian

text: volunteers

text: On

text: April

text: Armenian

text: intellectuals

text: were

text: arrested

text: by

text: Ottoman

text: authorities

text: and

text: with

text: the

text: Tehcir

text: Law

text: May

text: eventually

text: a

text: large

text: proportion

text: of

text: Armenians

text: living

text: in

text: Anatolia

text: perished

text: in

text: what

text: has

text: become

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Armenian

text: Genocide

question: What instigated conflict between the Ottoman and Russian Empire?

answer: World War I

text: World War I

question: When did the Tehcir Law come to fruition?

answer: 29 May 1915

text: 29 May 1915

question: Where did the Armenian Genocide occur?

answer: Anatolia

text: Anatolia

question: Which army had a group of Armenian volunteers fighting for them?

answer: Russian Army

text: Russian Army


text: After the German occupation of France in 1940, Britain and the empire stood alone against Germany, until the entry of the Soviet Union to the war in 1941. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill successfully lobbied President Franklin D. Roosevelt for military aid from the United States, but Roosevelt was not yet ready to ask Congress to commit the country to war. In August 1941, Churchill and Roosevelt met and signed the Atlantic Charter, which included the statement that "the rights of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they live" should be respected. This wording was ambiguous as to whether it referred to European countries invaded by Germany, or the peoples colonised by European nations, and would later be interpreted differently by the British, Americans, and nationalist movements.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: After

text: the

text: German

text: occupation

text: of

text: France

text: in

text: Britain

text: and

text: the

text: empire

text: stood

text: alone

text: against

text: Germany

text: until

text: the

text: entry

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: to

text: the

text: war

text: in

text: British

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Winston

text: Churchill

text: successfully

text: lobbied

text: President

text: Franklin

text: D.

text: Roosevelt

text: for

text: military

text: aid

text: from

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: but

text: Roosevelt

text: was

text: not

text: yet

text: ready

text: to

text: ask

text: Congress

text: to

text: commit

text: the

text: country

text: to

text: war

text: In

text: August

text: Churchill

text: and

text: Roosevelt

text: met

text: and

text: signed

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Charter

text: which

text: included

text: the

text: statement

text: that

text: the

text: rights

text: of

text: all

text: peoples

text: to

text: choose

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: government

text: under

text: which

text: they

text: live

text: should

text: be

text: respected

text: This

text: wording

text: was

text: ambiguous

text: as

text: to

text: whether

text: it

text: referred

text: to

text: European

text: countries

text: invaded

text: by

text: Germany

text: or

text: the

text: peoples

text: colonised

text: by

text: European

text: nations

text: and

text: would

text: later

text: be

text: interpreted

text: differently

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: Americans

text: and

text: nationalist

text: movements

question: When was France occupied by Germany?

answer: 1940

question: When was the Atlantic Charter signed?

answer: August 1941

text: August 1941

question: Which British Prime Minister signed the Atlantic Charter?

answer: Churchill

text: Churchill

question: Which US President signed the Atlantic Charter?

answer: Roosevelt

text: Roosevelt

question: Which country first entered World War 2 after France's defeat?

answer: Soviet Union

text: Soviet Union


text: In 1970, the New Haven Black Panther trials took place, the largest and longest trials in Connecticut history. Black Panther Party co-founder Bobby Seale and ten other Party members were tried for murdering an alleged informant. Beginning on May Day, the city became a center of protest for 12,000 Panther supporters, college students, and New Left activists (including Jean Genet, Benjamin Spock, Abbie Hoffman, Jerry Rubin, and John Froines), who amassed on the New Haven Green, across the street from where the trials were being held. Violent confrontations between the demonstrators and the New Haven police occurred, and several bombs were set off in the area by radicals. The event became a rallying point for the New Left and critics of the Nixon Administration.

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: In

text: the

text: New

text: Haven

text: Black

text: Panther

text: trials

text: took

text: place

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: longest

text: trials

text: in

text: Connecticut

text: history

text: Black

text: Panther

text: Party

text: co

text: founder

text: Bobby

text: Seale

text: and

text: ten

text: other

text: Party

text: members

text: were

text: tried

text: for

text: murdering

text: an

text: alleged

text: informant

text: Beginning

text: on

text: May

text: Day

text: the

text: city

text: became

text: a

text: center

text: of

text: protest

text: for

text: Panther

text: supporters

text: college

text: students

text: and

text: New

text: Left

text: activists

text: including

text: Jean

text: Genet

text: Benjamin

text: Spock

text: Abbie

text: Hoffman

text: Jerry

text: Rubin

text: and

text: John

text: Froines

text: who

text: amassed

text: on

text: the

text: New

text: Haven

text: Green

text: across

text: the

text: street

text: from

text: where

text: the

text: trials

text: were

text: being

text: held

text: Violent

text: confrontations

text: between

text: the

text: demonstrators

text: and

text: the

text: New

text: Haven

text: police

text: occurred

text: and

text: several

text: bombs

text: were

text: set

text: off

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: by

text: radicals

text: The

text: event

text: became

text: a

text: rallying

text: point

text: for

text: the

text: New

text: Left

text: and

text: critics

text: of

text: the

text: Nixon

text: Administration

question: What New Haven trial is known to be the longest in the history of Connecticut?

answer: New Haven Black Panther trials

text: New Haven Black Panther trials

question: In what year did the New Haven Black Panther trials take place in New Haven?

answer: 1970

question: Who was the co-founder of the Black Panthers that was placed on trial in New Haven?

answer: Bobby Seale

text: Bobby Seale

question: What day marked the beginning of New Haven being overwhelmed by 12,000 individuals protesting the Black Panther trials?

answer: May Day

text: May Day

question: In what central New Haven location did protesters of the Black Panther trials congregate?

answer: New Haven Green

text: New Haven Green

question: What political movement group is known in within city among non whites?

answer: Black Panther

text: Black Panther

question: How many attended the trials of the Black Panther in 1970?

answer: 12,000

question: The protest of trial result in what specifically?

answer: Violent confrontations

text: Violent confrontations

question: The protest also initiate the start of criticizing what presidential administration?

answer: the Nixon Administration

text: the Nixon Administration

question: What was the name of one of the party's leader that also happen to be on trial?

answer: Bobby Seale

text: Bobby Seale


text: Sassou Nguesso aligned the country with the Eastern Bloc and signed a twenty-year friendship pact with the Soviet Union. Over the years, Sassou had to rely more on political repression and less on patronage to maintain his dictatorship.

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

text: Sassou

text: Nguesso

text: aligned

text: the

text: country

text: with

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Bloc

text: and

text: signed

text: a

text: twenty

text: year

text: friendship

text: pact

text: with

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: Over

text: the

text: years

text: Sassou

text: had

text: to

text: rely

text: more

text: on

text: political

text: repression

text: and

text: less

text: on

text: patronage

text: to

text: maintain

text: his

text: dictatorship

question: Which group of nations did Nguesso side the Congo with?

answer: Eastern Bloc

text: Eastern Bloc

question: Which Eastern Bloc nation did Nguesso sign a pact with?

answer: the Soviet Union

text: the Soviet Union

question: What is a word that can be used to describe Sassou's type of government?

answer: dictatorship

text: dictatorship

question: What was an important tool of the Sassou government?

answer: political repression

text: political repression

question: Who aligned the country with the Western Bloc?

text: Sassou Nguesso

question: Who relied more on patronage to maintain his dictatorship?

text: Sassou

question: What was the least important tool of the Sassou government?

text: political repression

question: What did Sassou sign a ten year friendship pact with?

text: the Soviet Union

question: How long was the friendship pact Sassou signed with the Eastern Bloc?

text: twenty-year


text: According to CIA World Factbook, the people of Republic of the Congo are largely a mix of Catholics (33.1%), Awakening Lutherans (22.3%) and other Protestants (19.9%). Followers of Islam make up 1.6%, and this is primarily due to an influx of foreign workers into the urban centers.

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

text: According

text: to

text: CIA

text: World

text: Factbook

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Congo

text: are

text: largely

text: a

text: mix

text: of

text: Catholics

text: Awakening

text: Lutherans

text: and

text: other

text: Protestants

text: Followers

text: of

text: Islam

text: make

text: up

text: and

text: this

text: is

text: primarily

text: due

text: to

text: an

text: influx

text: of

text: foreign

text: workers

text: into

text: the

text: urban

text: centers

question: What is the most commonly practiced religion in the Congo?

answer: Catholics

text: Catholics

question: What percentage of Congolese citizens identify as Awakening Lutherans?

answer: 22.3%

question: What portion of the Congolese population is Protestant?

answer: 19.9%

question: What is the percentage of Muslims living in the Congo?

answer: 1.6%

question: Who form the majority of Islamic residents of the Congo?

answer: foreign workers

text: foreign workers

question: What religion is notable due to an influx of foreign workers in the rural areas?

text: Islam

question: What percentage of Congolese are atheist?

question: What is the most popular religion in South Africa, according to the CIA World Factbook?

text: Catholics

question: What religion is not found in the Congo?

text: Protestants

question: What is the percentage of Protestants in South Africa?


text: The end of World War II set the stage for the East–West confrontation known as the Cold War. With the outbreak of the Korean War, concerns over the defense of Western Europe rose. Two corps, V and VII, were reactivated under Seventh United States Army in 1950 and American strength in Europe rose from one division to four. Hundreds of thousands of U.S. troops remained stationed in West Germany, with others in Belgium, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, until the 1990s in anticipation of a possible Soviet attack.

title: United_States_Army

title: United_States_Army

text: The

text: end

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: set

text: the

text: stage

text: for

text: the

text: East

text: West

text: confrontation

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: With

text: the

text: outbreak

text: of

text: the

text: Korean

text: War

text: concerns

text: over

text: the

text: defense

text: of

text: Western

text: Europe

text: rose

text: Two

text: corps

text: V

text: and

text: VII

text: were

text: reactivated

text: under

text: Seventh

text: United

text: States

text: Army

text: in

text: and

text: American

text: strength

text: in

text: Europe

text: rose

text: from

text: one

text: division

text: to

text: four

text: Hundreds

text: of

text: thousands

text: of

text: U.S.

text: troops

text: remained

text: stationed

text: in

text: West

text: Germany

text: with

text: others

text: in

text: Belgium

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: until

text: the

text: in

text: anticipation

text: of

text: a

text: possible

text: Soviet

text: attack

question: What war occurred after the end of World War II?

answer: Cold War

text: Cold War

question: In what year were corps V and corps VII reactivated?

answer: 1950

question: How many divisions of the U.S. Army were in Europe?

answer: four

text: four

question: What war occurred after the end of War on Terror?

text: Cold War

question: In what year were corps V and corps VII disbanded?

question: How many divisions of the U.S. Army were in Germany?

text: four

question: What set the stage for the North-South confrontation?

text: The end of World War II

question: With the outbreak of which war did concerns for the defense of Western Europe decrease?

text: Korean War


text: Melbourne is also prone to isolated convective showers forming when a cold pool crosses the state, especially if there is considerable daytime heating. These showers are often heavy and can contain hail and squalls and significant drops in temperature, but they pass through very quickly at times with a rapid clearing trend to sunny and relatively calm weather and the temperature rising back to what it was before the shower. This often occurs in the space of minutes and can be repeated many times in a day, giving Melbourne a reputation for having "four seasons in one day", a phrase that is part of local popular culture and familiar to many visitors to the city. The lowest temperature on record is −2.8 °C (27.0 °F), on 21 July 1869. The highest temperature recorded in Melbourne city was 46.4 °C (115.5 °F), on 7 February 2009. While snow is occasionally seen at higher elevations in the outskirts of the city, it has not been recorded in the Central Business District since 1986.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: Melbourne

text: is

text: also

text: prone

text: to

text: isolated

text: convective

text: showers

text: forming

text: when

text: a

text: cold

text: pool

text: crosses

text: the

text: state

text: especially

text: if

text: there

text: is

text: considerable

text: daytime

text: heating

text: These

text: showers

text: are

text: often

text: heavy

text: and

text: can

text: contain

text: hail

text: and

text: squalls

text: and

text: significant

text: drops

text: in

text: temperature

text: but

text: they

text: pass

text: through

text: very

text: quickly

text: at

text: times

text: with

text: a

text: rapid

text: clearing

text: trend

text: to

text: sunny

text: and

text: relatively

text: calm

text: weather

text: and

text: the

text: temperature

text: rising

text: back

text: to

text: what

text: it

text: was

text: before

text: the

text: shower

text: This

text: often

text: occurs

text: in

text: the

text: space

text: of

text: minutes

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: repeated

text: many

text: times

text: in

text: a

text: day

text: giving

text: Melbourne

text: a

text: reputation

text: for

text: having

text: four

text: seasons

text: in

text: one

text: day

text: a

text: phrase

text: that

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: local

text: popular

text: culture

text: and

text: familiar

text: to

text: many

text: visitors

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: lowest

text: temperature

text: on

text: record

text: is

text: C

text: F

text: on

text: July

text: The

text: highest

text: temperature

text: recorded

text: in

text: Melbourne

text: city

text: was

text: C

text: F

text: on

text: February

text: While

text: snow

text: is

text: occasionally

text: seen

text: at

text: higher

text: elevations

text: in

text: the

text: outskirts

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: it

text: has

text: not

text: been

text: recorded

text: in

text: the

text: Central

text: Business

text: District

text: since

question: What weather phrase has become part of local popular culture in Melbourne and concerns the city's rapid change in weather?

answer: four seasons in one day

text: four seasons in one day

question: What is the lowest temperature on Melbourne's record?

answer: −2.8 °C (27.0 °F)

text: −2.8 °C (27.0 °F)

question: On what date did the lowest temperature in Melbourne's records occur?

answer: 21 July 1869

text: 21 July 1869

question: What is Melbourne's highest temperature recorded?

answer: 46.4 °C (115.5 °F)

text: 46.4 °C (115.5 °F)

question: On what date was Melbourne's highest temperature recorded?

answer: 7 February 2009

text: 7 February 2009


text: Goetz set out an ambitious schedule. Universal-International became responsible for the American distribution of Rank's British productions, including such classics as David Lean's Great Expectations (1946) and Laurence Olivier's Hamlet (1948). Broadening its scope further, Universal-International branched out into the lucrative non-theatrical field, buying a majority stake in home-movie dealer Castle Films in 1947, and taking the company over entirely in 1951. For three decades, Castle would offer "highlights" reels from the Universal film library to home-movie enthusiasts and collectors. Goetz licensed Universal's pre–Universal-International film library to Jack Broeder's Realart Pictures for cinema re-release but Realart was not allowed to show the films on television.

title: Universal_Studios

title: Universal_Studios

text: Goetz

text: set

text: out

text: an

text: ambitious

text: schedule

text: Universal

text: International

text: became

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: American

text: distribution

text: of

text: Rank

text: 's

text: British

text: productions

text: including

text: such

text: classics

text: as

text: David

text: Lean

text: 's

text: Great

text: Expectations

text: and

text: Laurence

text: Olivier

text: 's

text: Hamlet

text: Broadening

text: its

text: scope

text: further

text: Universal

text: International

text: branched

text: out

text: into

text: the

text: lucrative

text: non

text: theatrical

text: field

text: buying

text: a

text: majority

text: stake

text: in

text: home

text: movie

text: dealer

text: Castle

text: Films

text: in

text: and

text: taking

text: the

text: company

text: over

text: entirely

text: in

text: For

text: three

text: decades

text: Castle

text: would

text: offer

text: highlights

text: reels

text: from

text: the

text: Universal

text: film

text: library

text: to

text: home

text: movie

text: enthusiasts

text: and

text: collectors

text: Goetz

text: licensed

text: Universal

text: 's

text: pre

text: Universal

text: International

text: film

text: library

text: to

text: Jack

text: Broeder

text: 's

text: Realart

text: Pictures

text: for

text: cinema

text: re

text: release

text: but

text: Realart

text: was

text: not

text: allowed

text: to

text: show

text: the

text: films

text: on

text: television

question: In what year was the Olivier version of Hamlet made?

answer: 1948

question: Who directed 1946's Great Expectations?

answer: David Lean

text: David Lean

question: In 1947, what company did Universal buy a stake in?

answer: Castle Films

text: Castle Films

question: Who ran Realart Pictures?

answer: Jack Broeder

text: Jack Broeder

question: In what year did Universal-International take over Castle Films?

answer: 1951

question: What year was Laurence Olivier's Great Expectations produced?

question: What year was David Lean's Hamlet produced?

question: What company did Universal-International buy a major stake in during 1946?

text: Castle Films

question: Who took over Castle Films in 1947?

text: Universal-International


text: The phrase "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by Baptist theologian Roger Williams, the founder of the colony of Rhode Island, in his 1644 book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution. The phrase was later used by Thomas Jefferson as a description of the First Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch of the federal government, in an 1802 letter to the Danbury Baptists (a religious minority concerned about the dominant position of the Congregationalist church in Connecticut):

title: Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States

text: The

text: phrase

text: A

text: hedge

text: or

text: wall

text: of

text: separation

text: between

text: the

text: garden

text: of

text: the

text: church

text: and

text: the

text: wilderness

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: was

text: first

text: used

text: by

text: Baptist

text: theologian

text: Roger

text: Williams

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: colony

text: of

text: Rhode

text: Island

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: The

text: Bloody

text: Tenent

text: of

text: Persecution

text: The

text: phrase

text: was

text: later

text: used

text: by

text: Thomas

text: Jefferson

text: as

text: a

text: description

text: of

text: the

text: First

text: Amendment

text: and

text: its

text: restriction

text: on

text: the

text: legislative

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: in

text: an

text: letter

text: to

text: the

text: Danbury

text: Baptists

text: a

text: religious

text: minority

text: concerned

text: about

text: the

text: dominant

text: position

text: of

text: the

text: Congregationalist

text: church

text: in

text: Connecticut

question: Who was Roger Williams?

answer: Baptist theologian

text: Baptist theologian

question: What phrase did Roger Williams first use?

answer: "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world"

text: "[A] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world"

question: What colony was Roger Williams the founder of?

answer: Rhode Island

text: Rhode Island

question: When was the book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution published?

answer: 1644

question: Who used William's phrase as a description of the First Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch?

answer: Thomas Jefferson

text: Thomas Jefferson

question: Who was a non-Baptist theologian?

text: Roger Williams

question: What phrase did Roger Williams never use?

question: What colony did Roger Williams escape from?

text: Rhode Island

question: When was the book The Bloody Tenent of Persecution burned?

question: Who used William's phrase as a description of the Third Amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch?

text: Thomas Jefferson


text: Since the country is located on the Equator, the climate is consistent year-round, with the average day temperature being a humid 24 °C (75 °F) and nights generally between 16 °C (61 °F) and 21 °C (70 °F). The average yearly rainfall ranges from 1,100 millimetres (43 in) in south in the Niari Valley to over 2,000 millimetres (79 in) in central parts of the country. The dry season is from June to August while in the majority of the country the wet season has two rainfall maxima: one in March–May and another in September–November.

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

text: Since

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Equator

text: the

text: climate

text: is

text: consistent

text: year

text: round

text: with

text: the

text: average

text: day

text: temperature

text: being

text: a

text: humid

text: C

text: F

text: and

text: nights

text: generally

text: between

text: C

text: F

text: and

text: C

text: F

text: The

text: average

text: yearly

text: rainfall

text: ranges

text: from

text: millimetres

text: in

text: in

text: south

text: in

text: the

text: Niari

text: Valley

text: to

text: over

text: millimetres

text: in

text: in

text: central

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: The

text: dry

text: season

text: is

text: from

text: June

text: to

text: August

text: while

text: in

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: the

text: wet

text: season

text: has

text: two

text: rainfall

text: maxima

text: one

text: in

text: March

text: May

text: and

text: another

text: in

text: September

text: November

question: On what major line of latitude is the Congo located?

answer: Equator

text: Equator

question: What is the average temperature in the Congo when the sun is up?

answer: 24 °C (75 °F)

text: 24 °C (75 °F)

question: What is the average temperature range in the Congo during the night time?

answer: 16 °C (61 °F) and 21 °C (70 °F)

text: 16 °C (61 °F) and 21 °C (70 °F)

question: When does the Congo experience dry season?

answer: June to August

text: June to August

question: Why does the country's climate vary year-round?

text: located on the Equator

question: What is the temperature on an unusual day?

text: 24 °C (75 °F)

question: What is the yearly rainfall in the north of the country?

text: 2,000 millimetres (79 in)

question: How many rainfall maxima does the minority of the country have?

text: two

question: What is not located on the Equator?

text: the country


text: Insects play important roles in biological research. For example, because of its small size, short generation time and high fecundity, the common fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a model organism for studies in the genetics of higher eukaryotes. D. melanogaster has been an essential part of studies into principles like genetic linkage, interactions between genes, chromosomal genetics, development, behavior and evolution. Because genetic systems are well conserved among eukaryotes, understanding basic cellular processes like DNA replication or transcription in fruit flies can help to understand those processes in other eukaryotes, including humans. The genome of D. melanogaster was sequenced in 2000, reflecting the organism's important role in biological research. It was found that 70% of the fly genome is similar to the human genome, supporting the evolution theory.

title: Insect

title: Insect

text: Insects

text: play

text: important

text: roles

text: in

text: biological

text: research

text: For

text: example

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: small

text: size

text: short

text: generation

text: time

text: and

text: high

text: fecundity

text: the

text: common

text: fruit

text: fly

text: Drosophila

text: melanogaster

text: is

text: a

text: model

text: organism

text: for

text: studies

text: in

text: the

text: genetics

text: of

text: higher

text: eukaryotes

text: D.

text: melanogaster

text: has

text: been

text: an

text: essential

text: part

text: of

text: studies

text: into

text: principles

text: like

text: genetic

text: linkage

text: interactions

text: between

text: genes

text: chromosomal

text: genetics

text: development

text: behavior

text: and

text: evolution

text: Because

text: genetic

text: systems

text: are

text: well

text: conserved

text: among

text: eukaryotes

text: understanding

text: basic

text: cellular

text: processes

text: like

text: DNA

text: replication

text: or

text: transcription

text: in

text: fruit

text: flies

text: can

text: help

text: to

text: understand

text: those

text: processes

text: in

text: other

text: eukaryotes

text: including

text: humans

text: The

text: genome

text: of

text: D.

text: melanogaster

text: was

text: sequenced

text: in

text: reflecting

text: the

text: organism

text: 's

text: important

text: role

text: in

text: biological

text: research

text: It

text: was

text: found

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: fly

text: genome

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: human

text: genome

text: supporting

text: the

text: evolution

text: theory

question: Insects play prominent roles in what?

answer: biological research

text: biological research

question: What is a common insect used for research purposes?

answer: fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster

text: fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster

question: Drosophila has helped develop principles in what kind of linkage?

answer: genetic

text: genetic

question: Genetic systems are conserved among what?

answer: eukaryotes

text: eukaryotes

question: What percent of the fly genome is similar to the human genome

answer: 70%


text: The book value of the company nearly doubled from $8.19 a share in 1999 to $15 a share in 2009. Revenues grew sixfold from 1999's $6 billion to almost $36 billion in 2009. Net profit margin rose from 4.2% in 1999 to 8.4% in 2009, with operating margins improving 31 percent and return on equity doubling to 6.7 percent in the same time span. Between 1999 and 2009, return on capital nearly tripled to 7 percent. Comcast reported first quarter 2012 profit increases of 30% due to increase in high-speed internet customers. In February 2014, Comcast generated 1.1 billion in revenue during the first quarter due to the Sochi Olympics,.

title: Comcast

title: Comcast

text: The

text: book

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: company

text: nearly

text: doubled

text: from

text: a

text: share

text: in

text: to

text: a

text: share

text: in

text: Revenues

text: grew

text: sixfold

text: from

text: 's

text: billion

text: to

text: almost

text: billion

text: in

text: Net

text: profit

text: margin

text: rose

text: from

text: in

text: to

text: in

text: with

text: operating

text: margins

text: improving

text: percent

text: and

text: return

text: on

text: equity

text: doubling

text: to

text: percent

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: span

text: Between

text: and

text: return

text: on

text: capital

text: nearly

text: tripled

text: to

text: percent

text: Comcast

text: reported

text: first

text: quarter

text: profit

text: increases

text: of

text: due

text: to

text: increase

text: in

text: high

text: speed

text: internet

text: customers

text: In

text: February

text: Comcast

text: generated

text: billion

text: in

text: revenue

text: during

text: the

text: first

text: quarter

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: Sochi

text: Olympics

question: What was Comcast's share value in 1999?

answer: $8.19

question: What was Comcast's share value in 2009?

answer: $15

question: Comcast's revenues in 2009 were how much?

answer: $36 billion

text: $36 billion

question: What was Comcast's profit margin in 2009?

answer: 8.4%

question: What caused a 2012 spike in Comcast profits?

answer: increase in high-speed internet customers

text: increase in high-speed internet customers

question: What were shares worth in 2012?

question: Where were the Olympics in 2012?

text: Sochi

question: How much revenue (in billions) did Comcast generate due to high-speed internet customers?

question: What percentage of new customers did Comcast increase by in 2012?

question: What sports event caused revenues to double from 1999 to 2009?

text: Sochi Olympics


text: The phenomenalist phase of post-Humean empiricism ended by the 1940s, for by that time it had become obvious that statements about physical things could not be translated into statements about actual and possible sense data. If a physical object statement is to be translatable into a sense-data statement, the former must be at least deducible from the latter. But it came to be realized that there is no finite set of statements about actual and possible sense-data from which we can deduce even a single physical-object statement. Remember that the translating or paraphrasing statement must be couched in terms of normal observers in normal conditions of observation. There is, however, no finite set of statements that are couched in purely sensory terms and can express the satisfaction of the condition of the presence of a normal observer. According to phenomenalism, to say that a normal observer is present is to make the hypothetical statement that were a doctor to inspect the observer, the observer would appear to the doctor to be normal. But, of course, the doctor himself must be a normal observer. If we are to specify this doctor's normality in sensory terms, we must make reference to a second doctor who, when inspecting the sense organs of the first doctor, would himself have to have the sense data a normal observer has when inspecting the sense organs of a subject who is a normal observer. And if we are to specify in sensory terms that the second doctor is a normal observer, we must refer to a third doctor, and so on (also see the third man).

title: Empiricism

title: Empiricism

text: The

text: phenomenalist

text: phase

text: of

text: post

text: Humean

text: empiricism

text: ended

text: by

text: the

text: for

text: by

text: that

text: time

text: it

text: had

text: become

text: obvious

text: that

text: statements

text: about

text: physical

text: things

text: could

text: not

text: be

text: translated

text: into

text: statements

text: about

text: actual

text: and

text: possible

text: sense

text: data

text: If

text: a

text: physical

text: object

text: statement

text: is

text: to

text: be

text: translatable

text: into

text: a

text: sense

text: data

text: statement

text: the

text: former

text: must

text: be

text: at

text: least

text: deducible

text: from

text: the

text: latter

text: But

text: it

text: came

text: to

text: be

text: realized

text: that

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: finite

text: set

text: of

text: statements

text: about

text: actual

text: and

text: possible

text: sense

text: data

text: from

text: which

text: we

text: can

text: deduce

text: even

text: a

text: single

text: physical

text: object

text: statement

text: Remember

text: that

text: the

text: translating

text: or

text: paraphrasing

text: statement

text: must

text: be

text: couched

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: normal

text: observers

text: in

text: normal

text: conditions

text: of

text: observation

text: There

text: is

text: however

text: no

text: finite

text: set

text: of

text: statements

text: that

text: are

text: couched

text: in

text: purely

text: sensory

text: terms

text: and

text: can

text: express

text: the

text: satisfaction

text: of

text: the

text: condition

text: of

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: a

text: normal

text: observer

text: According

text: to

text: phenomenalism

text: to

text: say

text: that

text: a

text: normal

text: observer

text: is

text: present

text: is

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: hypothetical

text: statement

text: that

text: were

text: a

text: doctor

text: to

text: inspect

text: the

text: observer

text: the

text: observer

text: would

text: appear

text: to

text: the

text: doctor

text: to

text: be

text: normal

text: But

text: of

text: course

text: the

text: doctor

text: himself

text: must

text: be

text: a

text: normal

text: observer

text: If

text: we

text: are

text: to

text: specify

text: this

text: doctor

text: 's

text: normality

text: in

text: sensory

text: terms

text: we

text: must

text: make

text: reference

text: to

text: a

text: second

text: doctor

text: who

text: when

text: inspecting

text: the

text: sense

text: organs

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: doctor

text: would

text: himself

text: have

text: to

text: have

text: the

text: sense

text: data

text: a

text: normal

text: observer

text: has

text: when

text: inspecting

text: the

text: sense

text: organs

text: of

text: a

text: subject

text: who

text: is

text: a

text: normal

text: observer

text: And

text: if

text: we

text: are

text: to

text: specify

text: in

text: sensory

text: terms

text: that

text: the

text: second

text: doctor

text: is

text: a

text: normal

text: observer

text: we

text: must

text: refer

text: to

text: a

text: third

text: doctor

text: and

text: so

text: on

text: also

text: see

text: the

text: third

text: man

question: What phase of empiricism ended in the 1940s?

answer: phenomenalist

text: phenomenalist

question: How can't a finite set of statements be described?

answer: in purely sensory terms

text: in purely sensory terms

question: What is necessary to explain a doctor's normality in sensory terms?

answer: a second doctor

text: a second doctor

question: When did the phenomenalist phase begin?

question: When was the problem of the third man published?

question: How must a finite set of statements be described?

text: purely sensory terms

question: How many doctors do you need to satisfy the hypothetical problem?

text: we must refer to a third doctor

question: How did it become possible for physical object statements to translate into sense-data statements?


text: Sanskrit (/ˈsænskrɪt/; Sanskrit: saṃskṛtam [səmskr̩t̪əm] or saṃskṛta, originally saṃskṛtā vāk, "refined speech") is the primary sacred language of Hinduism, a philosophical language in Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Jainism, and a literary language that was in use as a lingua franca in Greater India. It is a standardised dialect of Old Indo-Aryan, originating as Vedic Sanskrit and tracing its linguistic ancestry back to Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-European. Today it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand. As one of the oldest Indo-European languages for which substantial written documentation exists, Sanskrit holds a prominent position in Indo-European studies.

title: Sanskrit

title: Sanskrit

text: Sanskrit

text: /ˈsænskrɪt/

text: Sanskrit

text: saṃskṛtam

text: səmskr̩t̪əm

text: or

text: saṃskṛta

text: originally

text: saṃskṛtā

text: vāk

text: refined

text: speech

text: is

text: the

text: primary

text: sacred

text: language

text: of

text: Hinduism

text: a

text: philosophical

text: language

text: in

text: Buddhism

text: Hinduism

text: Sikhism

text: and

text: Jainism

text: and

text: a

text: literary

text: language

text: that

text: was

text: in

text: use

text: as

text: a

text: lingua

text: franca

text: in

text: Greater

text: India

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: standardised

text: dialect

text: of

text: Old

text: Indo

text: Aryan

text: originating

text: as

text: Vedic

text: Sanskrit

text: and

text: tracing

text: its

text: linguistic

text: ancestry

text: back

text: to

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: Iranian

text: and

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: European

text: Today

text: it

text: is

text: listed

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: scheduled

text: languages

text: of

text: India

text: and

text: is

text: an

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Uttarakhand

text: As

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: Indo

text: European

text: languages

text: for

text: which

text: substantial

text: written

text: documentation

text: exists

text: Sanskrit

text: holds

text: a

text: prominent

text: position

text: in

text: Indo

text: European

text: studies

question: Sanskrit is the primary sacred language of which religion?

answer: Hinduism

text: Hinduism

question: How many scheduled languages are there in present-day India?

answer: 22

question: Which Indian state has Sanskrit as its official language?

answer: Uttarakhand

text: Uttarakhand

question: Sanskrit is used as a pkilsosophical language in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and which other religion?

answer: Sikhism

text: Sikhism

question: Sanskrit is a standardized dialect of which language?

answer: Old Indo-Aryan

text: Old Indo-Aryan

question: What language is the sacred language of Hinduism?

answer: Sanskrit

text: Sanskrit

question: Besides its uses as language of religions, for what other application can Sanskrit be used?

answer: lingua franca

text: lingua franca

question: Where is Sanskrit usually found?

answer: India

text: India

question: From what is Sanskrit an adaption?

answer: Old Indo-Aryan

text: Old Indo-Aryan

question: From what language did Sanskrit originate?

answer: Vedic Sanskrit

text: Vedic Sanskrit

question: What literary philosophical language was used in Greater India?

text: Sanskrit

question: What is concidered a sacred language in Buddhism?

text: Sanskrit

question: How many lanuages are spoken in India?

question: Which Indian state does not formally reckognize Sanskirt?

text: Uttarakhand

question: What Indo[European language only has a small amount of written documentation?

text: Sanskrit

question: What is the primary sacred language of Buddhism?

text: Sanskrit

question: What is a philosophical language in Islam?

text: Sanskrit

question: Where was Sanskrit a classical language?

text: Greater India

question: What is listed as one of the 25 languages of India?

text: Sanskrit

question: Where does the study of Sanskrit hold a less than prominent position?

text: Indo-European studies


text: In 2006, IBM launched Secure Blue, encryption hardware that can be built into microprocessors. A year later, IBM unveiled Project Big Green, a re-direction of $1 billion per year across its businesses to increase energy efficiency. On November 2008, IBM’s CEO, Sam Palmisano, during a speech at the Council on Foreign Relations, outlined a new agenda for building a Smarter Planet. On March 1, 2011, IBM announced the Smarter Computing framework to support Smarter Planet. On Aug 18, 2011, as part of its effort in cognitive computing, IBM has produced chips that imitate neurons and synapses. These microprocessors do not use von Neumann architecture, and they consume less memory and power.

title: IBM

title: IBM

text: In

text: IBM

text: launched

text: Secure

text: Blue

text: encryption

text: hardware

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: built

text: into

text: microprocessors

text: A

text: year

text: later

text: IBM

text: unveiled

text: Project

text: Big

text: Green

text: a

text: re

text: direction

text: of

text: billion

text: per

text: year

text: across

text: its

text: businesses

text: to

text: increase

text: energy

text: efficiency

text: On

text: November

text: IBM

text: ’s

text: CEO

text: Sam

text: Palmisano

text: during

text: a

text: speech

text: at

text: the

text: Council

text: on

text: Foreign

text: Relations

text: outlined

text: a

text: new

text: agenda

text: for

text: building

text: a

text: Smarter

text: Planet

text: On

text: March

text: IBM

text: announced

text: the

text: Smarter

text: Computing

text: framework

text: to

text: support

text: Smarter

text: Planet

text: On

text: Aug

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: its

text: effort

text: in

text: cognitive

text: computing

text: IBM

text: has

text: produced

text: chips

text: that

text: imitate

text: neurons

text: and

text: synapses

text: These

text: microprocessors

text: do

text: not

text: use

text: von

text: Neumann

text: architecture

text: and

text: they

text: consume

text: less

text: memory

text: and

text: power

question: What is the name of the IBM project that redirected $1 billion each year to increase energy efficiency?

answer: Project Big Green

text: Project Big Green

question: Secure Blue was launched in what year?

answer: 2006

question: What type of hardware is Secure Blue?

answer: encryption hardware

text: encryption hardware

question: Who was the IBM ceo in November 2008?

answer: Sam Palmisano

text: Sam Palmisano

question: What framework did IBM announce on March 1, 2011?

answer: Smarter Computing framework

text: Smarter Computing framework

question: How much did it cost for IBM to produce Secure Blue?

text: $1 billion

question: Where did Sam Palmisano make a speech in 2006?

text: at the Council on Foreign Relations

question: What agenda was presented by von Neumann in 2006 at the Council on Foreign Relations?

text: for building a Smarter Planet

question: What kind of chips were created by Smarter Computing in 2006?

text: chips that imitate neurons and synapses

question: What kind of framework was announced by von Neumann in 2006?

text: Smarter Computing framework


text: Salyut 1's orbit was increased to prevent premature reentry, but further piloted flights were delayed while the Soyuz was redesigned to fix the new safety problem. The station re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on October 11, after 175 days in orbit. The USSR attempted to launch a second Salyut-class station designated Durable Orbital Station-2 (DOS-2) on July 29, 1972, but a rocket failure caused it to fail to achieve orbit. After the DOS-2 failure, the USSR attempted to launch four more Salyut-class stations through 1975, with another failure due to an explosion of the final rocket stage, which punctured the station with shrapnel so that it wouldn't hold pressure. While all of the Salyuts were presented to the public as non-military scientific laboratories, some of them were actually covers for the military Almaz reconnaissance stations.

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: Salyut

text: 's

text: orbit

text: was

text: increased

text: to

text: prevent

text: premature

text: reentry

text: but

text: further

text: piloted

text: flights

text: were

text: delayed

text: while

text: the

text: Soyuz

text: was

text: redesigned

text: to

text: fix

text: the

text: new

text: safety

text: problem

text: The

text: station

text: re

text: entered

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: atmosphere

text: on

text: October

text: after

text: days

text: in

text: orbit

text: The

text: USSR

text: attempted

text: to

text: launch

text: a

text: second

text: Salyut

text: class

text: station

text: designated

text: Durable

text: Orbital

text: on

text: July

text: but

text: a

text: rocket

text: failure

text: caused

text: it

text: to

text: fail

text: to

text: achieve

text: orbit

text: After

text: the

text: failure

text: the

text: USSR

text: attempted

text: to

text: launch

text: four

text: more

text: Salyut

text: class

text: stations

text: through

text: with

text: another

text: failure

text: due

text: to

text: an

text: explosion

text: of

text: the

text: final

text: rocket

text: stage

text: which

text: punctured

text: the

text: station

text: with

text: shrapnel

text: so

text: that

text: it

text: would

text: n't

text: hold

text: pressure

text: While

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: Salyuts

text: were

text: presented

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: as

text: non

text: military

text: scientific

text: laboratories

text: some

text: of

text: them

text: were

text: actually

text: covers

text: for

text: the

text: military

text: Almaz

text: reconnaissance

text: stations

question: The station, Salyut 1, came back to Earth on which date?

answer: October 11

text: October 11

question: How long did the station, Salyut 1, stay in orbit?

answer: 175 days

text: 175 days

question: Why did The Durable Orbital Station-2 not reach orbit?

answer: rocket failure

text: rocket failure


text: Mass incarceration in the United States disproportionately impacts African American and Latino communities. Michelle Alexander, author of The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness (2010), argues that mass incarceration is best understood as not only a system of overcrowded prisons. Mass incarceration is also, "the larger web of laws, rules, policies, and customs that control those labeled criminals both in and out of prison." She defines it further as "a system that locks people not only behind actual bars in actual prisons, but also behind virtual bars and virtual walls", illustrating the second-class citizenship that is imposed on a disproportionate number of people of color, specifically African-Americans. She compares mass incarceration to Jim Crow laws, stating that both work as racial caste systems.

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: Mass

text: incarceration

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: disproportionately

text: impacts

text: African

text: American

text: and

text: Latino

text: communities

text: Michelle

text: Alexander

text: author

text: of

text: The

text: New

text: Jim

text: Crow

text: Mass

text: Incarceration

text: in

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Colorblindness

text: argues

text: that

text: mass

text: incarceration

text: is

text: best

text: understood

text: as

text: not

text: only

text: a

text: system

text: of

text: overcrowded

text: prisons

text: Mass

text: incarceration

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: larger

text: web

text: of

text: laws

text: rules

text: policies

text: and

text: customs

text: that

text: control

text: those

text: labeled

text: criminals

text: both

text: in

text: and

text: out

text: of

text: prison

text: She

text: defines

text: it

text: further

text: as

text: a

text: system

text: that

text: locks

text: people

text: not

text: only

text: behind

text: actual

text: bars

text: in

text: actual

text: prisons

text: but

text: also

text: behind

text: virtual

text: bars

text: and

text: virtual

text: walls

text: illustrating

text: the

text: second

text: class

text: citizenship

text: that

text: is

text: imposed

text: on

text: a

text: disproportionate

text: number

text: of

text: people

text: of

text: color

text: specifically

text: African

text: Americans

text: She

text: compares

text: mass

text: incarceration

text: to

text: Jim

text: Crow

text: laws

text: stating

text: that

text: both

text: work

text: as

text: racial

text: caste

text: systems

question: What impacts African American and Latino communities in disproportionate numbers?

answer: Mass incarceration

text: Mass incarceration

question: Who is the author of "The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness"?

answer: Michelle Alexander

text: Michelle Alexander

question: What type of bars and walls beyond physical ones does Alexander think people are behind?

answer: virtual

text: virtual

question: Who does Alexander think a second class citizenship is imposed upon disproportionately?

answer: people of color

text: people of color

question: What type of caste system is mass incarceration compared to?

answer: racial

text: racial


text: The wastewater treatment plant and distribution system of water mains, pumping stations and storage facilities provide water to approximately 62,000 customers in the city. There is also a wastewater treatment plant located on the south bank of the James River. This plant can treat up to 70 million gallons of water per day of sanitary sewage and stormwater before returning it to the river. The wastewater utility also operates and maintains 1,500 miles (2,400 km) of sanitary sewer and pumping stations, 38 miles (61 km) of intercepting sewer lines, and the Shockoe Retention Basin, a 44-million-gallon stormwater reservoir used during heavy rains.

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: The

text: wastewater

text: treatment

text: plant

text: and

text: distribution

text: system

text: of

text: water

text: mains

text: pumping

text: stations

text: and

text: storage

text: facilities

text: provide

text: water

text: to

text: approximately

text: customers

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: There

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: wastewater

text: treatment

text: plant

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: south

text: bank

text: of

text: the

text: James

text: River

text: This

text: plant

text: can

text: treat

text: up

text: to

text: million

text: gallons

text: of

text: water

text: per

text: day

text: of

text: sanitary

text: sewage

text: and

text: stormwater

text: before

text: returning

text: it

text: to

text: the

text: river

text: The

text: wastewater

text: utility

text: also

text: operates

text: and

text: maintains

text: miles

text: km

text: of

text: sanitary

text: sewer

text: and

text: pumping

text: stations

text: miles

text: km

text: of

text: intercepting

text: sewer

text: lines

text: and

text: the

text: Shockoe

text: Retention

text: Basin

text: a

text: gallon

text: stormwater

text: reservoir

text: used

text: during

text: heavy

text: rains

question: How many kilometers of sewer lines exist in Richmond?

answer: 61

question: How much water is contained in Shockoe Retention Basin?

answer: 44-million-gallon

question: How many Richmond inhabitants get their water from the wastewater treatment plant?

answer: 62,000

question: How much sewage and stormwater can the treatment plant adjacent to the James River treat daily?

answer: 70 million gallons

text: 70 million gallons


text: Both the archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira have a subtropical climate, although variations between islands exist, making weather predictions very difficult (owing to rough topography). The Madeira and Azorean archipelagos have a narrower temperature range, with annual average temperatures exceeding 20 °C (68 °F) along the coast (according to the Portuguese Meteorological Institute). Some islands in Azores do have drier months in the summer. Consequently, the island of the Azores have been identified as having a Mediterranean climate (both Csa and Csb types), while some islands (such as Flores or Corvo) are classified as Maritime Temperate (Cfb) and Humid subtropical (Cfa), respectively, according to Köppen-Geiger classification.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: Both

text: the

text: archipelagos

text: of

text: the

text: Azores

text: and

text: Madeira

text: have

text: a

text: subtropical

text: climate

text: although

text: variations

text: between

text: islands

text: exist

text: making

text: weather

text: predictions

text: very

text: difficult

text: owing

text: to

text: rough

text: topography

text: The

text: Madeira

text: and

text: Azorean

text: archipelagos

text: have

text: a

text: narrower

text: temperature

text: range

text: with

text: annual

text: average

text: temperatures

text: exceeding

text: C

text: F

text: along

text: the

text: coast

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Meteorological

text: Institute

text: Some

text: islands

text: in

text: Azores

text: do

text: have

text: drier

text: months

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: Consequently

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: the

text: Azores

text: have

text: been

text: identified

text: as

text: having

text: a

text: Mediterranean

text: climate

text: both

text: Csa

text: and

text: Csb

text: types

text: while

text: some

text: islands

text: such

text: as

text: Flores

text: or

text: Corvo

text: are

text: classified

text: as

text: Maritime

text: Temperate

text: Cfb

text: and

text: Humid

text: subtropical

text: Cfa

text: respectively

text: according

text: to

text: Köppen

text: Geiger

text: classification

question: What type of climate do the archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira have?

answer: subtropical

text: subtropical

question: What makes weather predictions difficult in the archipelago region?

answer: rough topography

text: rough topography

question: What type of climate does the island of the Azores have?

answer: Mediterranean

text: Mediterranean


text: High levels of precipitation cause the glaciers to descend to permafrost levels in some areas whereas in other, more arid regions, glaciers remain above about the 3,500 m (11,483 ft) level. The 1,817 square kilometres (702 sq mi) of the Alps covered by glaciers in 1876 had shrunk to 1,342 km2 (518 sq mi) by 1973, resulting in decreased river run-off levels. Forty percent of the glaciation in Austria has disappeared since 1850, and 30% of that in Switzerland.

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: High

text: levels

text: of

text: precipitation

text: cause

text: the

text: glaciers

text: to

text: descend

text: to

text: permafrost

text: levels

text: in

text: some

text: areas

text: whereas

text: in

text: other

text: more

text: arid

text: regions

text: glaciers

text: remain

text: above

text: about

text: the

text: m

text: ft

text: level

text: The

text: square

text: kilometres

text: sq

text: mi

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: covered

text: by

text: glaciers

text: in

text: had

text: shrunk

text: to

text: sq

text: mi

text: by

text: resulting

text: in

text: decreased

text: river

text: run

text: off

text: levels

text: Forty

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: glaciation

text: in

text: Austria

text: has

text: disappeared

text: since

text: and

text: of

text: that

text: in

text: Switzerland

question: What cause the glaciers to descend to permafrost levels in some areas?

answer: High levels of precipitation

text: High levels of precipitation

question: From 1876 to 1973, how much did the glaciers that covered the Alps shrink?

answer: to 1,342 km2 (518 sq mi)

text: to 1,342 km2 (518 sq mi)

question: What resulted from the loss of the area the glaciers over the Alps?

answer: decreased river run-off levels.

text: decreased river run-off levels.

question: How much of the glaciation in Austria disappeared?

answer: Forty percent

text: Forty percent

question: How much of the glaciation disappeared in Switzerland?

answer: 30%


text: The Bronx has also become home to a peculiar poetic tribute, in the form of the Heinrich Heine Memorial, better known as the Lorelei Fountain from one of Heine's best-known works (1838). After Heine's German birthplace of Düsseldorf had rejected, allegedly for anti-Semitic motives, a centennial monument to the radical German-Jewish poet (1797–1856), his incensed German-American admirers, including Carl Schurz, started a movement to place one instead in Midtown Manhattan, at Fifth Avenue and 59th Street. However, this intention was thwarted by a combination of ethnic antagonism, aesthetic controversy and political struggles over the institutional control of public art.

title: The_Bronx

title: The_Bronx

text: The

text: Bronx

text: has

text: also

text: become

text: home

text: to

text: a

text: peculiar

text: poetic

text: tribute

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: Heinrich

text: Heine

text: Memorial

text: better

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Lorelei

text: Fountain

text: from

text: one

text: of

text: Heine

text: 's

text: best

text: known

text: works

text: After

text: Heine

text: 's

text: German

text: birthplace

text: of

text: Düsseldorf

text: had

text: rejected

text: allegedly

text: for

text: anti

text: Semitic

text: motives

text: a

text: centennial

text: monument

text: to

text: the

text: radical

text: German

text: Jewish

text: poet

text: his

text: incensed

text: German

text: American

text: admirers

text: including

text: Carl

text: Schurz

text: started

text: a

text: movement

text: to

text: place

text: one

text: instead

text: in

text: Midtown

text: Manhattan

text: at

text: Fifth

text: Avenue

text: and

text: Street

text: However

text: this

text: intention

text: was

text: thwarted

text: by

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: ethnic

text: antagonism

text: aesthetic

text: controversy

text: and

text: political

text: struggles

text: over

text: the

text: institutional

text: control

text: of

text: public

text: art

question: When was the Lorelei Fountain written about?

answer: 1838

question: Where was Heinrich Heine born?

answer: Düsseldorf

text: Düsseldorf

question: When was Heine born?

answer: 1797

question: When did Heine die?

answer: 1856

question: What ethnicity is Carl Schurz?

answer: German-American

text: German-American


text: Several days after the referendum, the Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi, Governor Luis Fortuño, and Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla wrote separate letters to the President of the United States Barack Obama addressing the results of the voting. Pierluisi urged Obama to begin legislation in favor of the statehood of Puerto Rico, in light of its win in the referendum. Fortuño urged him to move the process forward. García Padilla asked him to reject the results because of their ambiguity. The White House stance related to the November 2012 plebiscite was that the results were clear, the people of Puerto Rico want the issue of status resolved, and a majority chose statehood in the second question. Former White House director of Hispanic media stated, "Now it is time for Congress to act and the administration will work with them on that effort, so that the people of Puerto Rico can determine their own future."

title: 51st_state

title: 51st_state

text: Several

text: days

text: after

text: the

text: referendum

text: the

text: Resident

text: Commissioner

text: Pedro

text: Pierluisi

text: Governor

text: Luis

text: Fortuño

text: and

text: Governor

text: elect

text: Alejandro

text: García

text: Padilla

text: wrote

text: separate

text: letters

text: to

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: addressing

text: the

text: results

text: of

text: the

text: voting

text: Pierluisi

text: urged

text: Obama

text: to

text: begin

text: legislation

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: the

text: statehood

text: of

text: Puerto

text: Rico

text: in

text: light

text: of

text: its

text: win

text: in

text: the

text: referendum

text: Fortuño

text: urged

text: him

text: to

text: move

text: the

text: process

text: forward

text: García

text: Padilla

text: asked

text: him

text: to

text: reject

text: the

text: results

text: because

text: of

text: their

text: ambiguity

text: The

text: White

text: House

text: stance

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: November

text: plebiscite

text: was

text: that

text: the

text: results

text: were

text: clear

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: Puerto

text: Rico

text: want

text: the

text: issue

text: of

text: status

text: resolved

text: and

text: a

text: majority

text: chose

text: statehood

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: question

text: Former

text: White

text: House

text: director

text: of

text: Hispanic

text: media

text: stated

text: Now

text: it

text: is

text: time

text: for

text: Congress

text: to

text: act

text: and

text: the

text: administration

text: will

text: work

text: with

text: them

text: on

text: that

text: effort

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: Puerto

text: Rico

text: can

text: determine

text: their

text: own

text: future

question: What politicians pushed for statehood for Puerto Rico?

answer: Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi, Governor Luis Fortuño

text: Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi, Governor Luis Fortuño

question: What politician fought against statehood for Puerto Rico?

answer: Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla

text: Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla

question: How did these politicians voice their concerns?

answer: wrote separate letters to the President of the United States Barack Obama

text: wrote separate letters to the President of the United States Barack Obama

question: What was the White House stance?

answer: the results were clear, the people of Puerto Rico want the issue of status resolved

text: the results were clear, the people of Puerto Rico want the issue of status resolved

question: What politicians pushed for statehood for Padilla?

text: Resident Commissioner Pedro Pierluisi

question: What politician fought against statehood for Pierluisi?

text: Governor-elect Alejandro García Padilla

question: How did Congress voice their concerns?

question: What was the Congress stance?

question: Who stated "Now it is time for Puerto Rico to act"?


text: In the wake of the discovery, there was much nationalistic rivalry between the French and the British over who deserved credit for the discovery. Eventually, an international consensus emerged that both Le Verrier and Adams jointly deserved credit. Since 1966, Dennis Rawlins has questioned the credibility of Adams's claim to co-discovery, and the issue was re-evaluated by historians with the return in 1998 of the "Neptune papers" (historical documents) to the Royal Observatory, Greenwich. After reviewing the documents, they suggest that "Adams does not deserve equal credit with Le Verrier for the discovery of Neptune. That credit belongs only to the person who succeeded both in predicting the planet's place and in convincing astronomers to search for it."

title: Neptune

title: Neptune

text: In

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: the

text: discovery

text: there

text: was

text: much

text: nationalistic

text: rivalry

text: between

text: the

text: French

text: and

text: the

text: British

text: over

text: who

text: deserved

text: credit

text: for

text: the

text: discovery

text: Eventually

text: an

text: international

text: consensus

text: emerged

text: that

text: both

text: Le

text: Verrier

text: and

text: Adams

text: jointly

text: deserved

text: credit

text: Since

text: Dennis

text: Rawlins

text: has

text: questioned

text: the

text: credibility

text: of

text: Adams

text: 's

text: claim

text: to

text: co

text: discovery

text: and

text: the

text: issue

text: was

text: re

text: evaluated

text: by

text: historians

text: with

text: the

text: return

text: in

text: of

text: the

text: Neptune

text: papers

text: historical

text: documents

text: to

text: the

text: Royal

text: Observatory

text: Greenwich

text: After

text: reviewing

text: the

text: documents

text: they

text: suggest

text: that

text: Adams

text: does

text: not

text: deserve

text: equal

text: credit

text: with

text: Le

text: Verrier

text: for

text: the

text: discovery

text: of

text: Neptune

text: That

text: credit

text: belongs

text: only

text: to

text: the

text: person

text: who

text: succeeded

text: both

text: in

text: predicting

text: the

text: planet

text: 's

text: place

text: and

text: in

text: convincing

text: astronomers

text: to

text: search

text: for

text: it

question: What two countries argued over credit for the discovery of Neptune?

answer: French and the British

text: French and the British

question: Who ultimately deserved credit for the discovery of Neptune?

answer: Le Verrier and Adams

text: Le Verrier and Adams

question: Who questioned Adams's claim to co-discovery of Neptune?

answer: Dennis Rawlins

text: Dennis Rawlins

question: Who did not deserve credit to co-discovery of Neptune?

answer: Adams

text: Adams

question: Who predicted Neptune's place and convinced astronomer's to search for it?

answer: Le Verrier

text: Le Verrier

question: What two countries developed friendship after the discovery of Neptune?

text: French and the British

question: Who credited Britian with the discovery of Neptune?

text: an international consensus

question: Who questioned the credibility of Adam's claim in the 19th century?

text: Dennis Rawlins

question: What papers were written in 1998?

text: Neptune papers

question: Who determinded that Adam's was solely reponsible for the discovery of Neptune?

text: historians

question: What three countries argued over credit for the discovery of Neptune?

text: French and the British

question: Who ultimately lost credit for the discovery of Neptune?

text: Le Verrier and Adams

question: Who believed Adams's claim to co-discovery of Neptune?

text: Dennis Rawlins

question: Who bought the credit to co-discovery of Neptune?

text: Adams


text: ASCII itself was first used commercially during 1963 as a seven-bit teleprinter code for American Telephone & Telegraph's TWX (TeletypeWriter eXchange) network. TWX originally used the earlier five-bit ITA2, which was also used by the competing Telex teleprinter system. Bob Bemer introduced features such as the escape sequence. His British colleague Hugh McGregor Ross helped to popularize this work –  according to Bemer, "so much so that the code that was to become ASCII was first called the Bemer-Ross Code in Europe". Because of his extensive work on ASCII, Bemer has been called "the father of ASCII."

title: ASCII

title: ASCII

text: ASCII

text: itself

text: was

text: first

text: used

text: commercially

text: during

text: as

text: a

text: seven

text: bit

text: teleprinter

text: code

text: for

text: American

text: Telephone

text: Telegraph

text: 's

text: TWX

text: TeletypeWriter

text: eXchange

text: network

text: TWX

text: originally

text: used

text: the

text: earlier

text: five

text: bit

text: which

text: was

text: also

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: competing

text: Telex

text: teleprinter

text: system

text: Bob

text: Bemer

text: introduced

text: features

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: escape

text: sequence

text: His

text: British

text: colleague

text: Hugh

text: McGregor

text: Ross

text: helped

text: to

text: popularize

text: this

text: work

text: according

text: to

text: Bemer

text: so

text: much

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: code

text: that

text: was

text: to

text: become

text: ASCII

text: was

text: first

text: called

text: the

text: Bemer

text: Ross

text: Code

text: in

text: Europe

text: Because

text: of

text: his

text: extensive

text: work

text: on

text: ASCII

text: Bemer

text: has

text: been

text: called

text: the

text: father

text: of

text: ASCII

question: When was ASCII first commercially used?

answer: 1963

question: What was it used for?

answer: a seven-bit teleprinter code for American Telephone & Telegraph's TWX (TeletypeWriter eXchange) network

text: a seven-bit teleprinter code for American Telephone & Telegraph's TWX (TeletypeWriter eXchange) network

question: What did TWX use before ASCII?

answer: five-bit ITA2

text: five-bit ITA2

question: Who is the father of ASCII?

answer: Bob Bemer

text: Bob Bemer

question: What was the code first called in Europe?

answer: Bemer-Ross Code

text: Bemer-Ross Code

question: When was ASCII first used by Berner-Ross?

question: What did TWX use because to counter slow loading times of ASCII?

text: five-bit ITA2

question: Who competed against ASCII?

text: Bob Bemer

question: What was the TWX first called in Europe?

text: Bemer-Ross Code

question: Who competed against eight-bit teleprinter code?

text: Telex teleprinter system