text: By mid-November 1940, when the Germans adopted a changed plan, more than 13,000 short tons (12,000 t) of high explosive and nearly 1,000,000 incendiaries had fallen on London. Outside the capital, there had been widespread harassing activity by single aircraft, as well as fairly strong diversionary attacks on Birmingham, Coventry and Liverpool, but no major raids. The London docks and railways communications had taken a heavy pounding, and much damage had been done to the railway system outside. In September, there had been no less than 667 hits on railways in Great Britain, and at one period, between 5,000 and 6,000 wagons were standing idle from the effect of delayed action bombs. But the great bulk of the traffic went on; and Londoners—though they glanced apprehensively each morning at the list of closed stretches of line displayed at their local station, or made strange detours round back streets in the buses—still got to work. For all the destruction of life and property, the observers sent out by the Ministry of Home Security failed to discover the slightest sign of a break in morale. More than 13,000 civilians had been killed, and almost 20,000 injured, in September and October alone, but the death toll was much less than expected. In late 1940, Churchill credited the shelters:

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: By

text: mid

text: November

text: when

text: the

text: Germans

text: adopted

text: a

text: changed

text: plan

text: more

text: than

text: short

text: tons

text: t

text: of

text: high

text: explosive

text: and

text: nearly

text: incendiaries

text: had

text: fallen

text: on

text: London

text: Outside

text: the

text: capital

text: there

text: had

text: been

text: widespread

text: harassing

text: activity

text: by

text: single

text: aircraft

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: fairly

text: strong

text: diversionary

text: attacks

text: on

text: Birmingham

text: Coventry

text: and

text: Liverpool

text: but

text: no

text: major

text: raids

text: The

text: London

text: docks

text: and

text: railways

text: communications

text: had

text: taken

text: a

text: heavy

text: pounding

text: and

text: much

text: damage

text: had

text: been

text: done

text: to

text: the

text: railway

text: system

text: outside

text: In

text: September

text: there

text: had

text: been

text: no

text: less

text: than

text: hits

text: on

text: railways

text: in

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: at

text: one

text: period

text: between

text: and

text: wagons

text: were

text: standing

text: idle

text: from

text: the

text: effect

text: of

text: delayed

text: action

text: bombs

text: But

text: the

text: great

text: bulk

text: of

text: the

text: traffic

text: went

text: on

text: and

text: Londoners

text: though

text: they

text: glanced

text: apprehensively

text: each

text: morning

text: at

text: the

text: list

text: of

text: closed

text: stretches

text: of

text: line

text: displayed

text: at

text: their

text: local

text: station

text: or

text: made

text: strange

text: detours

text: round

text: back

text: streets

text: in

text: the

text: buses

text: still

text: got

text: to

text: work

text: For

text: all

text: the

text: destruction

text: of

text: life

text: and

text: property

text: the

text: observers

text: sent

text: out

text: by

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Home

text: Security

text: failed

text: to

text: discover

text: the

text: slightest

text: sign

text: of

text: a

text: break

text: in

text: morale

text: More

text: than

text: civilians

text: had

text: been

text: killed

text: and

text: almost

text: injured

text: in

text: September

text: and

text: October

text: alone

text: but

text: the

text: death

text: toll

text: was

text: much

text: less

text: than

text: expected

text: In

text: late

text: Churchill

text: credited

text: the

text: shelters

question: By mid November of 1940 how many incendiaries were dropped on London?

answer: 1,000,000

question: What locations suffered strong diversionary tactics?

answer: Birmingham, Coventry and Liverpool

text: Birmingham, Coventry and Liverpool

question: In September how many railway hits were there in Great Britain?

answer: no less than 667

text: no less than 667

question: What did the Ministry of Home Security fail to discover?

answer: the slightest sign of a break in morale

text: the slightest sign of a break in morale

question: About how many civilians were injured in September and October?

answer: 20,000


text: During Andrés López Obrador's administration a political slogan was introduced: la Ciudad de la Esperanza ("The City of Hope"). This motto was quickly adopted as a city nickname, but has faded since the new motto Capital en Movimiento ("Capital in Movement") was adopted by the administration headed by Marcelo Ebrard, though the latter is not treated as often as a nickname in media. Since 2013, to refer to the City particularly in relation to government campaigns, the abbreviation CDMX has been used (from Ciudad de México).

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: During

text: Andrés

text: López

text: Obrador

text: 's

text: administration

text: a

text: political

text: slogan

text: was

text: introduced

text: la

text: Ciudad

text: de

text: la

text: Esperanza

text: The

text: City

text: of

text: Hope

text: This

text: motto

text: was

text: quickly

text: adopted

text: as

text: a

text: city

text: nickname

text: but

text: has

text: faded

text: since

text: the

text: new

text: motto

text: Capital

text: en

text: Movimiento

text: Capital

text: in

text: Movement

text: was

text: adopted

text: by

text: the

text: administration

text: headed

text: by

text: Marcelo

text: Ebrard

text: though

text: the

text: latter

text: is

text: not

text: treated

text: as

text: often

text: as

text: a

text: nickname

text: in

text: media

text: Since

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: City

text: particularly

text: in

text: relation

text: to

text: government

text: campaigns

text: the

text: abbreviation

text: CDMX

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: from

text: Ciudad

text: de

text: México

question: Who termed the slogan "la Ciudad de la Esperanza?"

answer: Andrés López Obrador

text: Andrés López Obrador

question: What is the nickname of the city that the government is trying to push now?

answer: Capital en Movimiento

text: Capital en Movimiento

question: How is the city commonly abbreviated?

answer: CDMX

text: CDMX

question: When did the abbreviation CDMX begin to take hold?

answer: 2013

question: Who more recently tried to change the nickname of Mexico city?

answer: Marcelo Ebrard

text: Marcelo Ebrard


text: Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios. Its production studios are at 100 Universal City Plaza Drive in Universal City, California. Distribution and other corporate offices are in New York City. Universal Studios is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA). Universal was founded in 1912 by the German Carl Laemmle (pronounced "LEM-lee"), Mark Dintenfass, Charles O. Baumann, Adam Kessel, Pat Powers, William Swanson, David Horsley, Robert H. Cochrane, and Jules Brulatour.

title: Universal_Studios

title: Universal_Studios

text: Universal

text: Studios

text: Inc.

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Universal

text: Pictures

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: film

text: studio

text: owned

text: by

text: Comcast

text: through

text: its

text: wholly

text: owned

text: subsidiary

text: NBCUniversal

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: Hollywood

text: 's

text: Big

text: Six

text: film

text: studios

text: Its

text: production

text: studios

text: are

text: at

text: Universal

text: City

text: Plaza

text: Drive

text: in

text: Universal

text: City

text: California

text: Distribution

text: and

text: other

text: corporate

text: offices

text: are

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Universal

text: Studios

text: is

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Motion

text: Picture

text: Association

text: of

text: America

text: MPAA

text: Universal

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: German

text: Carl

text: Laemmle

text: pronounced

text: LEM

text: lee

text: Mark

text: Dintenfass

text: Charles

text: O.

text: Baumann

text: Adam

text: Kessel

text: Pat

text: Powers

text: William

text: Swanson

text: David

text: Horsley

text: Robert

text: H.

text: Cochrane

text: and

text: Jules

text: Brulatour

question: What is another name for Universal Studios Inc.?

answer: Universal Pictures

text: Universal Pictures

question: Who is the ultimate owner of Universal Studios?

answer: Comcast

text: Comcast

question: What is the street address of Universal Studios' production studios?

answer: 100 Universal City Plaza Drive

text: 100 Universal City Plaza Drive

question: In what city and state are its production studios located?

answer: Universal City, California

text: Universal City, California

question: In what city are Universal Studios' corporate offices located?

answer: New York City

text: New York City

question: What does MAAP stand for?

text: Motion Picture Association of America

question: What was founded in 1921?

text: Universal

question: Who founded Universal Studios in 1921?

question: Who owns Comcast?

text: NBCUniversal

question: Where in Universal City are the corporate offices located?

text: 100 Universal City Plaza Drive


text: The first President of the Bank was Wim Duisenberg, the former president of the Dutch central bank and the European Monetary Institute. While Duisenberg had been the head of the EMI (taking over from Alexandre Lamfalussy of Belgium) just before the ECB came into existence, the French government wanted Jean-Claude Trichet, former head of the French central bank, to be the ECB's first president. The French argued that since the ECB was to be located in Germany, its president should be French. This was opposed by the German, Dutch and Belgian governments who saw Duisenberg as a guarantor of a strong euro. Tensions were abated by a gentleman's agreement in which Duisenberg would stand down before the end of his mandate, to be replaced by Trichet.

title: European_Central_Bank

title: European_Central_Bank

text: The

text: first

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Bank

text: was

text: Wim

text: Duisenberg

text: the

text: former

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: Dutch

text: central

text: bank

text: and

text: the

text: European

text: Monetary

text: Institute

text: While

text: Duisenberg

text: had

text: been

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: EMI

text: taking

text: over

text: from

text: Alexandre

text: Lamfalussy

text: of

text: Belgium

text: just

text: before

text: the

text: ECB

text: came

text: into

text: existence

text: the

text: French

text: government

text: wanted

text: Jean

text: Claude

text: Trichet

text: former

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: central

text: bank

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: ECB

text: 's

text: first

text: president

text: The

text: French

text: argued

text: that

text: since

text: the

text: ECB

text: was

text: to

text: be

text: located

text: in

text: Germany

text: its

text: president

text: should

text: be

text: French

text: This

text: was

text: opposed

text: by

text: the

text: German

text: Dutch

text: and

text: Belgian

text: governments

text: who

text: saw

text: Duisenberg

text: as

text: a

text: guarantor

text: of

text: a

text: strong

text: euro

text: Tensions

text: were

text: abated

text: by

text: a

text: gentleman

text: 's

text: agreement

text: in

text: which

text: Duisenberg

text: would

text: stand

text: down

text: before

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: his

text: mandate

text: to

text: be

text: replaced

text: by

text: Trichet

question: Who was the first president of the ECB?

answer: Wim Duisenberg

text: Wim Duisenberg

question: What was Duisenberg's previous business experience?

answer: former president of the Dutch central bank and the European Monetary Institute

text: former president of the Dutch central bank and the European Monetary Institute

question: Who did the French government think was best candidate for President of the ECB?

answer: Jean-Claude Trichet

text: Jean-Claude Trichet

question: Why did the French want a French bank president?

answer: since the ECB was to be located in Germany, its president should be French

text: since the ECB was to be located in Germany, its president should be French

question: What did the French, German, Dutch and Belgian governments finally compromise on with regards to managing the ECB?

answer: Duisenberg would stand down before the end of his mandate, to be replaced by Trichet

text: Duisenberg would stand down before the end of his mandate, to be replaced by Trichet

question: Who was the first president to be lost from the ECB?

text: Wim Duisenberg

question: What was Duisenberg's criminal business experience?

question: Who did the French government think was worst candidate for President of the ECB?

text: Jean-Claude Trichet

question: Why did the French want a Swiss bank president?

question: What did the French, German, Dutch and Belgian governments never compromise on with regards to managing the ECB?


text: On 18 June 1948, the National Security Council issued Directive 10/2 calling for covert action against the USSR, and granting the authority to carry out covert operations against "hostile foreign states or groups" that could, if needed, be denied by the U.S. government. To this end, the Office of Policy Coordination was created inside the new CIA. The OPC was quite unique; Frank Wisner, the head of the OPC, answered not to the CIA Director, but to the secretaries of defense, state, and the NSC, and the OPC's actions were a secret even from the head of the CIA. Most CIA stations had two station chiefs, one working for the OSO, and one working for the OPC.

title: Central_Intelligence_Agency

title: Central_Intelligence_Agency

text: On

text: June

text: the

text: National

text: Security

text: Council

text: issued

text: Directive

text: calling

text: for

text: covert

text: action

text: against

text: the

text: USSR

text: and

text: granting

text: the

text: authority

text: to

text: carry

text: out

text: covert

text: operations

text: against

text: hostile

text: foreign

text: states

text: or

text: groups

text: that

text: could

text: if

text: needed

text: be

text: denied

text: by

text: the

text: U.S.

text: government

text: To

text: this

text: end

text: the

text: Office

text: of

text: Policy

text: Coordination

text: was

text: created

text: inside

text: the

text: new

text: CIA

text: The

text: OPC

text: was

text: quite

text: unique

text: Frank

text: Wisner

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: OPC

text: answered

text: not

text: to

text: the

text: CIA

text: Director

text: but

text: to

text: the

text: secretaries

text: of

text: defense

text: state

text: and

text: the

text: NSC

text: and

text: the

text: OPC

text: 's

text: actions

text: were

text: a

text: secret

text: even

text: from

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: CIA

text: Most

text: CIA

text: stations

text: had

text: two

text: station

text: chiefs

text: one

text: working

text: for

text: the

text: OSO

text: and

text: one

text: working

text: for

text: the

text: OPC

question: Directive 10/2 called for actions against who?

answer: the USSR

text: the USSR

question: In what year was directive 10/2 issued?

answer: 1948

question: Who was the head of the OPC?

answer: Frank Wisner

text: Frank Wisner

question: Most CIA stations had how many chiefs?

answer: two

text: two


text: Many of the world's largest cruise ships can regularly be seen in Southampton water, including record-breaking vessels from Royal Caribbean and Carnival Corporation & plc. The latter has headquarters in Southampton, with its brands including Princess Cruises, P&O Cruises and Cunard Line.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: cruise

text: ships

text: can

text: regularly

text: be

text: seen

text: in

text: Southampton

text: water

text: including

text: record

text: breaking

text: vessels

text: from

text: Royal

text: Caribbean

text: and

text: Carnival

text: Corporation

text: plc

text: The

text: latter

text: has

text: headquarters

text: in

text: Southampton

text: with

text: its

text: brands

text: including

text: Princess

text: Cruises

text: P&O

text: Cruises

text: and

text: Cunard

text: Line

question: What cruise line has its headquarters in Southampton?

answer: Carnival Corporation & plc

text: Carnival Corporation & plc

question: Besides Carnival, what other major cruise line parks its record-breaking cruise ships in Southampton Water?

answer: Royal Caribbean

text: Royal Caribbean

question: In addition to P&O Cruises and Cunard Line, what other brand does Carnival Corporation own?

answer: Princess Cruises

text: Princess Cruises


text: To raise money, Seagram head Edgar Bronfman Jr. sold Universal's television holdings, including cable network USA, to Barry Diller (these same properties would be bought back later at greatly inflated prices). In June 2000, Seagram was sold to French water utility and media company Vivendi, which owned StudioCanal; the conglomerate then became known as Vivendi Universal. Afterward, Universal Pictures acquired the United States distribution rights of several of StudioCanal's films, such as Mulholland Drive (which received an Oscar nomination) and Brotherhood of the Wolf (which became the second-highest-grossing French-language film in the United States since 1980). Universal Pictures and StudioCanal also co-produced several films, such as Love Actually (an $40 million-budgeted film that eventually grossed $246 million worldwide). In late 2000, the New York Film Academy was permitted to use the Universal Studios backlot for student film projects in an unofficial partnership.

title: Universal_Studios

title: Universal_Studios

text: To

text: raise

text: money

text: Seagram

text: head

text: Edgar

text: Bronfman

text: Jr.

text: sold

text: Universal

text: 's

text: television

text: holdings

text: including

text: cable

text: network

text: USA

text: to

text: Barry

text: Diller

text: these

text: same

text: properties

text: would

text: be

text: bought

text: back

text: later

text: at

text: greatly

text: inflated

text: prices

text: In

text: June

text: Seagram

text: was

text: sold

text: to

text: French

text: water

text: utility

text: and

text: media

text: company

text: Vivendi

text: which

text: owned

text: StudioCanal

text: the

text: conglomerate

text: then

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: Vivendi

text: Universal

text: Afterward

text: Universal

text: Pictures

text: acquired

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: distribution

text: rights

text: of

text: several

text: of

text: StudioCanal

text: 's

text: films

text: such

text: as

text: Mulholland

text: Drive

text: which

text: received

text: an

text: Oscar

text: nomination

text: and

text: Brotherhood

text: of

text: the

text: Wolf

text: which

text: became

text: the

text: second

text: highest

text: grossing

text: French

text: language

text: film

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: since

text: Universal

text: Pictures

text: and

text: StudioCanal

text: also

text: co

text: produced

text: several

text: films

text: such

text: as

text: Love

text: Actually

text: an

text: million

text: budgeted

text: film

text: that

text: eventually

text: grossed

text: million

text: worldwide

text: In

text: late

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Film

text: Academy

text: was

text: permitted

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: Universal

text: Studios

text: backlot

text: for

text: student

text: film

text: projects

text: in

text: an

text: unofficial

text: partnership

question: Who was the head of Seagram?

answer: Edgar Bronfman Jr.

text: Edgar Bronfman Jr.

question: Who bought the USA cable network from Seagram?

answer: Barry Diller

text: Barry Diller

question: Who bought Seagram in June 2000?

answer: Vivendi

text: Vivendi

question: What was the budget of the film Love Actually?

answer: $40 million

text: $40 million

question: What StudioCanal film received an Academy Award nomination?

answer: Mulholland Drive

text: Mulholland Drive

question: What company did Edgar Bronfman Jr. sell Seagram's holdings to?

text: Universal

question: Who was Seagram sold to in June 1980?

text: Vivendi

question: What 2000 film grossed $246 million?

text: Love Actually

question: What film grossed $264 million?

text: Love Actually

question: What was Universal Studios permitted to use in 2000?

text: backlot


text: The Xbox 360 sold much better than its predecessor, and although not the best-selling console of the seventh-generation, it is regarded as a success since it strengthened Microsoft as a major force in the console market at the expense of well-established rivals. The inexpensive Nintendo Wii did sell the most console units but eventually saw a collapse of third-party software support in its later years, and it has been viewed by some as a fad since the succeeding Wii U had a poor debut in 2012. The PlayStation 3 struggled for a time due to being too expensive and initially lacking quality titles, making it far less dominant than its predecessor, the PlayStation 2, and it took until late in the PlayStation 3's lifespan for its sales and game titles to reach parity with the Xbox 360. TechRadar proclaimed that "Xbox 360 passes the baton as the king of the hill – a position that puts all the more pressure on its successor, Xbox One".

title: Xbox_360

title: Xbox_360

text: The

text: Xbox

text: sold

text: much

text: better

text: than

text: its

text: predecessor

text: and

text: although

text: not

text: the

text: best

text: selling

text: console

text: of

text: the

text: seventh

text: generation

text: it

text: is

text: regarded

text: as

text: a

text: success

text: since

text: it

text: strengthened

text: Microsoft

text: as

text: a

text: major

text: force

text: in

text: the

text: console

text: market

text: at

text: the

text: expense

text: of

text: well

text: established

text: rivals

text: The

text: inexpensive

text: Nintendo

text: Wii

text: did

text: sell

text: the

text: most

text: console

text: units

text: but

text: eventually

text: saw

text: a

text: collapse

text: of

text: third

text: party

text: software

text: support

text: in

text: its

text: later

text: years

text: and

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: viewed

text: by

text: some

text: as

text: a

text: fad

text: since

text: the

text: succeeding

text: Wii

text: U

text: had

text: a

text: poor

text: debut

text: in

text: The

text: PlayStation

text: struggled

text: for

text: a

text: time

text: due

text: to

text: being

text: too

text: expensive

text: and

text: initially

text: lacking

text: quality

text: titles

text: making

text: it

text: far

text: less

text: dominant

text: than

text: its

text: predecessor

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: and

text: it

text: took

text: until

text: late

text: in

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: 's

text: lifespan

text: for

text: its

text: sales

text: and

text: game

text: titles

text: to

text: reach

text: parity

text: with

text: the

text: Xbox

text: TechRadar

text: proclaimed

text: that

text: Xbox

text: passes

text: the

text: baton

text: as

text: the

text: king

text: of

text: the

text: hill

text: a

text: position

text: that

text: puts

text: all

text: the

text: more

text: pressure

text: on

text: its

text: successor

text: Xbox

text: One

question: Why was the 360 considered a market success for Microsoft?

answer: it strengthened Microsoft as a major force in the console market

text: it strengthened Microsoft as a major force in the console market

question: What problem hurt Nintendo's Wii console?

answer: collapse of third-party software support in its later years

text: collapse of third-party software support in its later years

question: The Playstation 3 originally struggled for market share for what reasons?

answer: due to being too expensive and initially lacking quality titles

text: due to being too expensive and initially lacking quality titles

question: What is the successor to the 360 called?

answer: Xbox One

text: Xbox One

question: Which console sold the most units in the seventh generation era?

answer: Nintendo Wii

text: Nintendo Wii

question: What was the best selling console of the sixth gen?

text: Xbox 360

question: What feature of the Xbox 360 collapsed?

text: third-party software support

question: When did the PlayStation 3 debut?

question: What features caused Wii U to struggle?

question: What PlayStation put pressure on the Xbox One?

text: PlayStation 3


text: Various LGBT publications serve the city's large LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) community such as The Rainbow Times, the only minority and lesbian-owned LGBT newsmagazine. Founded in 2006, The Rainbow Times is now based out of Boston, but serves all of New England.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: Various

text: LGBT

text: publications

text: serve

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: large

text: LGBT

text: lesbian

text: gay

text: bisexual

text: and

text: transgender

text: community

text: such

text: as

text: The

text: Rainbow

text: Times

text: the

text: only

text: minority

text: and

text: lesbian

text: owned

text: LGBT

text: newsmagazine

text: Founded

text: in

text: The

text: Rainbow

text: Times

text: is

text: now

text: based

text: out

text: of

text: Boston

text: but

text: serves

text: all

text: of

text: New

text: England

question: What is the name of the citys only lesbian owned LGBT magazine?

answer: The Rainbow Times

text: The Rainbow Times

question: What year was the Rainbow Times founded?

answer: 2006

question: What locations does the Rainbow Times serve?

answer: all of New England

text: all of New England

question: Where is the headquarters for the Rainbow Times?

answer: Boston

text: Boston


text: Hayek wrote an essay, "Why I Am Not a Conservative" (included as an appendix to The Constitution of Liberty), in which he disparaged conservatism for its inability to adapt to changing human realities or to offer a positive political program, remarking, "Conservatism is only as good as what it conserves." Although he noted that modern day conservatism shares many opinions on economics with classical liberals, particularly a belief in the free market, he believed it's because conservatism wants to "stand still," whereas liberalism embraces the free market because it "wants to go somewhere." Hayek identified himself as a classical liberal, but noted that in the United States it had become almost impossible to use "liberal" in its original definition, and the term "libertarian" has been used instead. In this text, Hayek also opposed conservatism for "its hostility to internationalism and its proneness to a strident nationalism" and its frequent association with imperialism.

title: Friedrich_Hayek

title: Friedrich_Hayek

text: Hayek

text: wrote

text: an

text: essay

text: Why

text: I

text: Am

text: Not

text: a

text: Conservative

text: included

text: as

text: an

text: appendix

text: to

text: The

text: Constitution

text: of

text: Liberty

text: in

text: which

text: he

text: disparaged

text: conservatism

text: for

text: its

text: inability

text: to

text: adapt

text: to

text: changing

text: human

text: realities

text: or

text: to

text: offer

text: a

text: positive

text: political

text: program

text: remarking

text: Conservatism

text: is

text: only

text: as

text: good

text: as

text: what

text: it

text: conserves

text: Although

text: he

text: noted

text: that

text: modern

text: day

text: conservatism

text: shares

text: many

text: opinions

text: on

text: economics

text: with

text: classical

text: liberals

text: particularly

text: a

text: belief

text: in

text: the

text: free

text: market

text: he

text: believed

text: it

text: 's

text: because

text: conservatism

text: wants

text: to

text: stand

text: still

text: whereas

text: liberalism

text: embraces

text: the

text: free

text: market

text: because

text: it

text: wants

text: to

text: go

text: somewhere

text: Hayek

text: identified

text: himself

text: as

text: a

text: classical

text: liberal

text: but

text: noted

text: that

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: it

text: had

text: become

text: almost

text: impossible

text: to

text: use

text: liberal

text: in

text: its

text: original

text: definition

text: and

text: the

text: term

text: libertarian

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: instead

text: In

text: this

text: text

text: Hayek

text: also

text: opposed

text: conservatism

text: for

text: its

text: hostility

text: to

text: internationalism

text: and

text: its

text: proneness

text: to

text: a

text: strident

text: nationalism

text: and

text: its

text: frequent

text: association

text: with

text: imperialism

question: What ideology did Hayek not agree with in an essay appended to The Constitution of Liberty?

answer: conservatism

text: conservatism

question: What was Hayek's statement regarding conservatism?

answer: "Conservatism is only as good as what it conserves."

text: "Conservatism is only as good as what it conserves."

question: What does conservatism have in common with classical liberalism?

answer: belief in the free market

text: belief in the free market

question: What word is used in the United States to identify Hayek's ideology?

answer: libertarian

text: libertarian

question: Which ideology did Hayek believe conservatism discouraged?

answer: internationalism

text: internationalism


text: Pelayos' plan was to use the Cantabrian mountains as a place of refuge and protection from the invading Moors. He then aimed to regroup the Iberian Peninsula's Christian armies and use the Cantabrian mountains as a springboard from which to regain their lands from the Moors. In the process, after defeating the Moors in the Battle of Covadonga in 722 AD, Pelayos was proclaimed king, thus founding the Christian Kingdom of Asturias and starting the war of Christian reconquest known in Portuguese as the Reconquista Cristã.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: Pelayos

text: plan

text: was

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: Cantabrian

text: mountains

text: as

text: a

text: place

text: of

text: refuge

text: and

text: protection

text: from

text: the

text: invading

text: Moors

text: He

text: then

text: aimed

text: to

text: regroup

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: 's

text: Christian

text: armies

text: and

text: use

text: the

text: Cantabrian

text: mountains

text: as

text: a

text: springboard

text: from

text: which

text: to

text: regain

text: their

text: lands

text: from

text: the

text: Moors

text: In

text: the

text: process

text: after

text: defeating

text: the

text: Moors

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Covadonga

text: in

text: AD

text: Pelayos

text: was

text: proclaimed

text: king

text: thus

text: founding

text: the

text: Christian

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Asturias

text: and

text: starting

text: the

text: war

text: of

text: Christian

text: reconquest

text: known

text: in

text: Portuguese

text: as

text: the

text: Reconquista

text: Cristã

question: What was Pelayos' plan?

answer: to use the Cantabrian mountains as a place of refuge and protection from the invading Moors

text: to use the Cantabrian mountains as a place of refuge and protection from the invading Moors

question: Against which group of people was Pelayos fighting?

answer: Moors

text: Moors

question: In which battle did Pelayos defeat the Moors?

answer: Battle of Covadonga

text: Battle of Covadonga

question: In which year was Pelayos proclaimed king?

answer: 722 AD

text: 722 AD

question: What was the war of Christian reconquest, started by Pelayos, known as in Portugese?

answer: Reconquista Cristã

text: Reconquista Cristã


text: Critics noted in 2013 that Tom Wheeler, the head of the FCC, which has to approve the deal, is the former head of both the largest cable lobbying organization, the National Cable & Telecommunications Association, and as largest wireless lobby, CTIA – The Wireless Association. According to Politico, Comcast "donated to almost every member of Congress who has a hand in regulating it." The US Senate Judiciary Committee held a hearing on the deal on April 9, 2014. The House Judiciary Committee planned its own hearing. On March 6, 2014 the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division confirmed it was investigating the deal. In March 2014, the division's chairman, William Baer, recused himself because he was involved in a prior Comcast NBCUniversal acquisition. Several states' attorneys general have announced support for the federal investigation. On April 24, 2015, Jonathan Sallet, general counsel of the F.C.C., said that he was going to recommend a hearing before an administrative law judge, equivalent to a collapse of the deal.

title: Comcast

title: Comcast

text: Critics

text: noted

text: in

text: that

text: Tom

text: Wheeler

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: FCC

text: which

text: has

text: to

text: approve

text: the

text: deal

text: is

text: the

text: former

text: head

text: of

text: both

text: the

text: largest

text: cable

text: lobbying

text: organization

text: the

text: National

text: Cable

text: Telecommunications

text: Association

text: and

text: as

text: largest

text: wireless

text: lobby

text: CTIA

text: The

text: Wireless

text: Association

text: According

text: to

text: Politico

text: Comcast

text: donated

text: to

text: almost

text: every

text: member

text: of

text: Congress

text: who

text: has

text: a

text: hand

text: in

text: regulating

text: it

text: The

text: US

text: Senate

text: Judiciary

text: Committee

text: held

text: a

text: hearing

text: on

text: the

text: deal

text: on

text: April

text: The

text: House

text: Judiciary

text: Committee

text: planned

text: its

text: own

text: hearing

text: On

text: March

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Department

text: of

text: Justice

text: Antitrust

text: Division

text: confirmed

text: it

text: was

text: investigating

text: the

text: deal

text: In

text: March

text: the

text: division

text: 's

text: chairman

text: William

text: Baer

text: recused

text: himself

text: because

text: he

text: was

text: involved

text: in

text: a

text: prior

text: Comcast

text: NBCUniversal

text: acquisition

text: Several

text: states

text: attorneys

text: general

text: have

text: announced

text: support

text: for

text: the

text: federal

text: investigation

text: On

text: April

text: Jonathan

text: Sallet

text: general

text: counsel

text: of

text: the

text: F.C.C.

text: said

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: going

text: to

text: recommend

text: a

text: hearing

text: before

text: an

text: administrative

text: law

text: judge

text: equivalent

text: to

text: a

text: collapse

text: of

text: the

text: deal

question: Who was the head of the FCC at the time of Comcast's proposed purchase of Time Warner Cable?

answer: Tom Wheeler

text: Tom Wheeler

question: What two organizations had Wheeler headed prior to joining the FCC?

answer: National Cable & Telecommunications Association, and as largest wireless lobby, CTIA – The Wireless Association

text: National Cable & Telecommunications Association, and as largest wireless lobby, CTIA – The Wireless Association

question: What Senate group held hearings on the purchase?

answer: US Senate Judiciary Committee

text: US Senate Judiciary Committee

question: What group sought to investigate the purchase on anti-trust grounds?

answer: United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division

text: United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division

question: Who was the general counsel of the FCC in 2015?

answer: Jonathan Sallet

text: Jonathan Sallet

question: Who is the current head of the National Cable and Telecommunications Association?

text: Tom Wheeler

question: When was Tom Wheeler the head of the CTIA?

question: What day did the House Judiciary Committee have its hearing?

text: April 9, 2014

question: Who is the head of Politico?

text: Tom Wheeler

question: Who is the chairman of the House Judiciary Committee?

text: William Baer


text: In 1348, the Black Death and other disasters sealed a sudden end to the previous period of massive philosophic and scientific development. Yet, the rediscovery of ancient texts was improved after the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, when many Byzantine scholars had to seek refuge in the West. Meanwhile, the introduction of printing was to have great effect on European society. The facilitated dissemination of the printed word democratized learning and allowed a faster propagation of new ideas. New ideas also helped to influence the development of European science at this point: not least the introduction of Algebra. These developments paved the way for the Scientific Revolution, which may also be understood as a resumption of the process of scientific inquiry, halted at the start of the Black Death.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: In

text: the

text: Black

text: Death

text: and

text: other

text: disasters

text: sealed

text: a

text: sudden

text: end

text: to

text: the

text: previous

text: period

text: of

text: massive

text: philosophic

text: and

text: scientific

text: development

text: Yet

text: the

text: rediscovery

text: of

text: ancient

text: texts

text: was

text: improved

text: after

text: the

text: Fall

text: of

text: Constantinople

text: in

text: when

text: many

text: Byzantine

text: scholars

text: had

text: to

text: seek

text: refuge

text: in

text: the

text: West

text: Meanwhile

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: printing

text: was

text: to

text: have

text: great

text: effect

text: on

text: European

text: society

text: The

text: facilitated

text: dissemination

text: of

text: the

text: printed

text: word

text: democratized

text: learning

text: and

text: allowed

text: a

text: faster

text: propagation

text: of

text: new

text: ideas

text: New

text: ideas

text: also

text: helped

text: to

text: influence

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: European

text: science

text: at

text: this

text: point

text: not

text: least

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: Algebra

text: These

text: developments

text: paved

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: the

text: Scientific

text: Revolution

text: which

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: understood

text: as

text: a

text: resumption

text: of

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: scientific

text: inquiry

text: halted

text: at

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: Black

text: Death

question: What year did the Black Death occur?

answer: 1348

question: What caused ancient texts to be rediscovered by Byzantine scholars?

answer: the Fall of Constantinople in 1453

text: the Fall of Constantinople in 1453

question: The invention of printing improved which society?

answer: European

text: European

question: Printed word enabled what?

answer: a faster propagation of new ideas

text: a faster propagation of new ideas

question: What type of mathematics aided in developing European science?

answer: Algebra

text: Algebra


text: The concentration of copper in ores averages only 0.6%, and most commercial ores are sulfides, especially chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) and to a lesser extent chalcocite (Cu2S). These minerals are concentrated from crushed ores to the level of 10–15% copper by froth flotation or bioleaching. Heating this material with silica in flash smelting removes much of the iron as slag. The process exploits the greater ease of converting iron sulfides into its oxides, which in turn react with the silica to form the silicate slag, which floats on top of the heated mass. The resulting copper matte consisting of Cu2S is then roasted to convert all sulfides into oxides:

title: Copper

title: Copper

text: The

text: concentration

text: of

text: copper

text: in

text: ores

text: averages

text: only

text: and

text: most

text: commercial

text: ores

text: are

text: sulfides

text: especially

text: chalcopyrite

text: and

text: to

text: a

text: lesser

text: extent

text: chalcocite

text: These

text: minerals

text: are

text: concentrated

text: from

text: crushed

text: ores

text: to

text: the

text: level

text: of

text: copper

text: by

text: froth

text: flotation

text: or

text: bioleaching

text: Heating

text: this

text: material

text: with

text: silica

text: in

text: flash

text: smelting

text: removes

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: iron

text: as

text: slag

text: The

text: process

text: exploits

text: the

text: greater

text: ease

text: of

text: converting

text: iron

text: sulfides

text: into

text: its

text: oxides

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: react

text: with

text: the

text: silica

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: silicate

text: slag

text: which

text: floats

text: on

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: heated

text: mass

text: The

text: resulting

text: copper

text: matte

text: consisting

text: of

text: is

text: then

text: roasted

text: to

text: convert

text: all

text: sulfides

text: into

text: oxides

question: What is the average concentration of copper in ores?

answer: 0.6%

question: What are most commercial ores?

answer: sulfides

text: sulfides

question: What does heating copper ore materials with silica remove?

answer: iron

text: iron

question: What happens to the silicate slag  during the flash smelting process?

answer: floats on top

text: floats on top

question: What do the sulfides convert to after the copper matte is roasted?

answer: oxides

text: oxides

question: What is the average concentration of copper in holes?

question: What are most fake ores?

text: sulfides

question: What does freezing copper ore materials with silica remove?

text: iron

question: What happens to the silicate slag during the flash freezing process?

text: floats on top

question: What do the sulfides convert to after the copper matte is frozen?

text: oxides


text: Endospores show no detectable metabolism and can survive extreme physical and chemical stresses, such as high levels of UV light, gamma radiation, detergents, disinfectants, heat, freezing, pressure, and desiccation. In this dormant state, these organisms may remain viable for millions of years, and endospores even allow bacteria to survive exposure to the vacuum and radiation in space. According to scientist Dr. Steinn Sigurdsson, "There are viable bacterial spores that have been found that are 40 million years old on Earth — and we know they're very hardened to radiation." Endospore-forming bacteria can also cause disease: for example, anthrax can be contracted by the inhalation of Bacillus anthracis endospores, and contamination of deep puncture wounds with Clostridium tetani endospores causes tetanus.

title: Bacteria

title: Bacteria

text: Endospores

text: show

text: no

text: detectable

text: metabolism

text: and

text: can

text: survive

text: extreme

text: physical

text: and

text: chemical

text: stresses

text: such

text: as

text: high

text: levels

text: of

text: UV

text: light

text: gamma

text: radiation

text: detergents

text: disinfectants

text: heat

text: freezing

text: pressure

text: and

text: desiccation

text: In

text: this

text: dormant

text: state

text: these

text: organisms

text: may

text: remain

text: viable

text: for

text: millions

text: of

text: years

text: and

text: endospores

text: even

text: allow

text: bacteria

text: to

text: survive

text: exposure

text: to

text: the

text: vacuum

text: and

text: radiation

text: in

text: space

text: According

text: to

text: scientist

text: Dr.

text: Steinn

text: Sigurdsson

text: There

text: are

text: viable

text: bacterial

text: spores

text: that

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: that

text: are

text: million

text: years

text: old

text: on

text: Earth

text: and

text: we

text: know

text: they

text: 're

text: very

text: hardened

text: to

text: radiation

text: Endospore

text: forming

text: bacteria

text: can

text: also

text: cause

text: disease

text: for

text: example

text: anthrax

text: can

text: be

text: contracted

text: by

text: the

text: inhalation

text: of

text: Bacillus

text: anthracis

text: endospores

text: and

text: contamination

text: of

text: deep

text: puncture

text: wounds

text: with

text: Clostridium

text: tetani

text: endospores

text: causes

text: tetanus

question: Is there a metabolism in endospores?

answer: show no detectable metabolism

text: show no detectable metabolism

question: What extreme physical and chemical stresses can endospores endure?

answer: UV light, gamma radiation, detergents, disinfectants, heat, freezing, pressure

text: UV light, gamma radiation, detergents, disinfectants, heat, freezing, pressure

question: How long can endospores of bacteria stay alive in dormant state?

answer: for millions of years

text: for millions of years

question: What endospore-forming bacteria can cause tetanus disease?

answer: Clostridium tetani

text: Clostridium tetani


text: Many of the city's buildings are in the Georgian style, although there are a number of examples of modern landmark structures, such as County Hall tower, which was, at one time the tallest building in Ireland until being superseded by another Cork City building: The Elysian. Across the river from County Hall is Ireland's longest building; built in Victorian times, Our Lady's Psychiatric Hospital has now been renovated and converted into a residential housing complex called Atkins Hall, after its architect William Atkins.

title: Cork_(city)

title: Cork_(city

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: buildings

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: Georgian

text: style

text: although

text: there

text: are

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: examples

text: of

text: modern

text: landmark

text: structures

text: such

text: as

text: County

text: Hall

text: tower

text: which

text: was

text: at

text: one

text: time

text: the

text: tallest

text: building

text: in

text: Ireland

text: until

text: being

text: superseded

text: by

text: another

text: Cork

text: City

text: building

text: The

text: Elysian

text: Across

text: the

text: river

text: from

text: County

text: Hall

text: is

text: Ireland

text: 's

text: longest

text: building

text: built

text: in

text: Victorian

text: times

text: Our

text: Lady

text: 's

text: Psychiatric

text: Hospital

text: has

text: now

text: been

text: renovated

text: and

text: converted

text: into

text: a

text: residential

text: housing

text: complex

text: called

text: Atkins

text: Hall

text: after

text: its

text: architect

text: William

text: Atkins

question: What style does most of the city's architecture belong to?

answer: Georgian

text: Georgian

question: WHat is the tallest building in Cork?

answer: The Elysian

text: The Elysian

question: What is the longest building in Cork?

answer: Our Lady's Psychiatric Hospital

text: Our Lady's Psychiatric Hospital

question: What has the old Psychiatric Hospital been turned into?

answer: Atkins Hall

text: Atkins Hall

question: What is Atkin's Hall?

answer: a residential housing complex

text: a residential housing complex

question: What tower is built in the Georgian style?

text: County Hall tower

question: What was Atkins Hall turned into?

text: Our Lady's Psychiatric Hospital

question: Who was the architect of Atkins Hall?

text: William Atkins

question: What replaced The Elysian as Ireland's tallest building?

text: County Hall tower

question: What tower was built by William Atkins?

text: County Hall tower

question: What building style was a favorite of William Atkins?

text: Georgian

question: What did Atkins Hall used to be before it was overtaken by another building?

text: the tallest building in Ireland

question: What was The Elysian converted into?

text: a residential housing complex

question: What is the name of the building that The Elysian was converted into?

text: Atkins Hall


text: Between 1925 and 1940, philanthropic foundations, especially ones connected with the Rockefellers, contributed about $7 million to support the Yale Institute of Human Relations and the affiliated Yerkes Laboratories of Primate Biology. The money went toward behavioral science research, which was supported by foundation officers who aimed to "improve mankind" under an informal, loosely defined human engineering effort. The behavioral scientists at Yale, led by President James R. Angell and psychobiologist Robert M. Yerkes, tapped into foundation largesse by crafting research programs aimed to investigate, then suggest, ways to control, sexual and social behavior. For example, Yerkes analyzed chimpanzee sexual behavior in hopes of illuminating the evolutionary underpinnings of human development and providing information that could ameliorate dysfunction. Ultimately, the behavioral-science results disappointed foundation officers, who shifted their human-engineering funds toward biological sciences.

title: Yale_University

title: Yale_University

text: Between

text: and

text: philanthropic

text: foundations

text: especially

text: ones

text: connected

text: with

text: the

text: Rockefellers

text: contributed

text: about

text: million

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: Yale

text: Institute

text: of

text: Human

text: Relations

text: and

text: the

text: affiliated

text: Yerkes

text: Laboratories

text: of

text: Primate

text: Biology

text: The

text: money

text: went

text: toward

text: behavioral

text: science

text: research

text: which

text: was

text: supported

text: by

text: foundation

text: officers

text: who

text: aimed

text: to

text: improve

text: mankind

text: under

text: an

text: informal

text: loosely

text: defined

text: human

text: engineering

text: effort

text: The

text: behavioral

text: scientists

text: at

text: Yale

text: led

text: by

text: President

text: James

text: R.

text: Angell

text: and

text: psychobiologist

text: Robert

text: M.

text: Yerkes

text: tapped

text: into

text: foundation

text: largesse

text: by

text: crafting

text: research

text: programs

text: aimed

text: to

text: investigate

text: then

text: suggest

text: ways

text: to

text: control

text: sexual

text: and

text: social

text: behavior

text: For

text: example

text: Yerkes

text: analyzed

text: chimpanzee

text: sexual

text: behavior

text: in

text: hopes

text: of

text: illuminating

text: the

text: evolutionary

text: underpinnings

text: of

text: human

text: development

text: and

text: providing

text: information

text: that

text: could

text: ameliorate

text: dysfunction

text: Ultimately

text: the

text: behavioral

text: science

text: results

text: disappointed

text: foundation

text: officers

text: who

text: shifted

text: their

text: human

text: engineering

text: funds

text: toward

text: biological

text: sciences

question: How much did  philanthropic foundations donate between 1925 and 1940?

answer: about $7 million

text: about $7 million

question: What was the $7 million used for?

answer: behavioral science research

text: behavioral science research

question: What was the goal of the behavioral research?

answer: improve mankind

text: improve mankind

question: Who were the behavioral scientists in charge of the research?

answer: President James R. Angell and psychobiologist Robert M. Yerkes

text: President James R. Angell and psychobiologist Robert M. Yerkes

question: What animals sexual behavior did Yerkes study?

answer: chimpanzee

text: chimpanzee

question: How much did philanthropic foundations donate between 1935 and 1940?

text: about $7 million

question: What was the $6 million used for?

text: behavioral science research

question: What wasn't the goal of the behavioral research?

text: improve mankind

question: Who were the behavioral students in charge of the research?

question: What animals eating behavior did Yerkes study?

text: chimpanzee


text: The company originated in 1911 as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR) through the consolidation of The Tabulating Machine Company, the International Time Recording Company, the Computing Scale Company and the Bundy Manufacturing Company. CTR was renamed "International Business Machines" in 1924, a name which Thomas J. Watson first used for a CTR Canadian subsidiary. The initialism IBM followed. Securities analysts nicknamed the company Big Blue for its size and common use of the color in products, packaging and its logo.

title: IBM

title: IBM

text: The

text: company

text: originated

text: in

text: as

text: the

text: Computing

text: Tabulating

text: Recording

text: Company

text: CTR

text: through

text: the

text: consolidation

text: of

text: The

text: Tabulating

text: Machine

text: Company

text: the

text: International

text: Time

text: Recording

text: Company

text: the

text: Computing

text: Scale

text: Company

text: and

text: the

text: Bundy

text: Manufacturing

text: Company

text: CTR

text: was

text: renamed

text: International

text: Business

text: Machines

text: in

text: a

text: name

text: which

text: Thomas

text: J.

text: Watson

text: first

text: used

text: for

text: a

text: CTR

text: Canadian

text: subsidiary

text: The

text: initialism

text: IBM

text: followed

text: Securities

text: analysts

text: nicknamed

text: the

text: company

text: Big

text: Blue

text: for

text: its

text: size

text: and

text: common

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: color

text: in

text: products

text: packaging

text: and

text: its

text: logo

question: In what year did the company that was to become IBM form?

answer: 1911

question: What was the name of the company that eventually became IBM?

answer: Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR)

text: Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR)

question: In what year did IBM get its name?

answer: 1924

question: What nickname was given to IBM?

answer: Big Blue

text: Big Blue

question: What is one parent company of the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company?

answer: Computing Scale Company

text: Computing Scale Company

question: What was the original name of the Bundy Manufacturing Company?

question: In what year was the Bundy Manufacturing Company created?

question: What was the nickname that was used for the Bundy Manufacturing Company?

text: Big Blue

question: Who first used the name Bundy Manufacturing Company?

text: Thomas J. Watson

question: Why did  Thomas J. Watson first use the name Bundy Maufacturing Company?

text: for a CTR Canadian subsidiary


text: In a 2009 national readership survey The Times was found to have the highest number of ABC1 25–44 readers and the largest numbers of readers in London of any of the "quality" papers.

title: The_Times

title: The_Times

text: In

text: a

text: national

text: readership

text: survey

text: The

text: Times

text: was

text: found

text: to

text: have

text: the

text: highest

text: number

text: of

text: readers

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: numbers

text: of

text: readers

text: in

text: London

text: of

text: any

text: of

text: the

text: quality

text: papers

question: In a 2009 national readership survey, what newspaper has the highest number of ABC1 25-44 readers?

answer: The Times

text: The Times

question: What newspaper has the highest number of readers in London of any of the "quality" papers?

answer: The Times

text: The Times

question: The Times is found to have the highest number of readers from what age group?

answer: 25–44


text: BBC Television returned on 7 June 1946 at 15:00. Jasmine Bligh, one of the original announcers, made the first announcement, saying, 'Good afternoon everybody. How are you? Do you remember me, Jasmine Bligh?'. The Mickey Mouse cartoon of 1939 was repeated twenty minutes later.[unreliable source?] Alexandra Palace was the home base of the channel until the early 1950s when the majority of production moved into the newly acquired Lime Grove Studios.[original research?]

title: BBC_Television

title: BBC_Television

text: BBC

text: Television

text: returned

text: on

text: June

text: at

text: Jasmine

text: Bligh

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: announcers

text: made

text: the

text: first

text: announcement

text: saying

text: Good

text: afternoon

text: everybody

text: How

text: are

text: you

text: Do

text: you

text: remember

text: me

text: Jasmine

text: Bligh

text: The

text: Mickey

text: Mouse

text: cartoon

text: of

text: was

text: repeated

text: twenty

text: minutes

text: later.[unreliable

text: source

text: Alexandra

text: Palace

text: was

text: the

text: home

text: base

text: of

text: the

text: channel

text: until

text: the

text: early

text: when

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: production

text: moved

text: into

text: the

text: newly

text: acquired

text: Lime

text: Grove

text: Studios.[original

text: research

question: Who was the first person to speak on BBC when it was turned back on following World War II?

answer: Jasmine Bligh

text: Jasmine Bligh

question: On what date did BBC return to the air after World War II?

answer: 7 June 1946

text: 7 June 1946

question: In the decade following the war, where did a large portion of the BBC move to?

answer: Lime Grove Studios

text: Lime Grove Studios

question: What character was featured in the cartoon aired the day BBC broadcasting was restored?

answer: Mickey Mouse

text: Mickey Mouse

question: What returned on 6 June 1947?

text: BBC Television

question: Who was Alexandra Bligh?

text: one of the original announcers

question: What studio did the channel switch to in 1946 from Alexandra Place?

text: Lime Grove Studios

question: What 1950's cartoon aired the day BBC returned?

text: Mickey Mouse


text: Melbourne has four airports. Melbourne Airport, at Tullamarine, is the city's main international and domestic gateway and second busiest in Australia. The airport is home base for passenger airlines Jetstar Airways and Tiger Airways Australia and cargo airlines Australian air Express and Toll Priority; and is a major hub for Qantas and Virgin Australia. Avalon Airport, located between Melbourne and Geelong, is a secondary hub of Jetstar. It is also used as a freight and maintenance facility. Buses and taxis are the only forms of public transport to and from the city's main airports. Air Ambulance facilities are available for domestic and international transportation of patients. Melbourne also has a significant general aviation airport, Moorabbin Airport in the city's south east that also handles a small number of passenger flights. Essendon Airport, which was once the city's main airport also handles passenger flights, general aviation and some cargo flights.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: Melbourne

text: has

text: four

text: airports

text: Melbourne

text: Airport

text: at

text: Tullamarine

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: main

text: international

text: and

text: domestic

text: gateway

text: and

text: second

text: busiest

text: in

text: Australia

text: The

text: airport

text: is

text: home

text: base

text: for

text: passenger

text: airlines

text: Jetstar

text: Airways

text: and

text: Tiger

text: Airways

text: Australia

text: and

text: cargo

text: airlines

text: Australian

text: air

text: Express

text: and

text: Toll

text: Priority

text: and

text: is

text: a

text: major

text: hub

text: for

text: Qantas

text: and

text: Virgin

text: Australia

text: Avalon

text: Airport

text: located

text: between

text: Melbourne

text: and

text: Geelong

text: is

text: a

text: secondary

text: hub

text: of

text: Jetstar

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: freight

text: and

text: maintenance

text: facility

text: Buses

text: and

text: taxis

text: are

text: the

text: only

text: forms

text: of

text: public

text: transport

text: to

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: main

text: airports

text: Air

text: Ambulance

text: facilities

text: are

text: available

text: for

text: domestic

text: and

text: international

text: transportation

text: of

text: patients

text: Melbourne

text: also

text: has

text: a

text: significant

text: general

text: aviation

text: airport

text: Moorabbin

text: Airport

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: south

text: east

text: that

text: also

text: handles

text: a

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: passenger

text: flights

text: Essendon

text: Airport

text: which

text: was

text: once

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: main

text: airport

text: also

text: handles

text: passenger

text: flights

text: general

text: aviation

text: and

text: some

text: cargo

text: flights

question: How many airports does Melbourne have?

answer: four

text: four

question: Which airport is the city's main international and domestic gateway?

answer: Melbourne Airport

text: Melbourne Airport

question: Which airport is the second busiest in all of Australia?

answer: Melbourne Airport

text: Melbourne Airport

question: What are the only forms of public transport to and from the city's main airports?

answer: Buses and taxis

text: Buses and taxis


text: But while Claremont remains the most concentrated hub of Whiteheadian activity, the place where Whitehead's thought currently seems to be growing the most quickly is in China. In order to address the challenges of modernization and industrialization, China has begun to blend traditions of Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism with Whitehead's "constructive post-modern" philosophy in order to create an "ecological civilization." To date, the Chinese government has encouraged the building of twenty-three university-based centers for the study of Whitehead's philosophy, and books by process philosophers John Cobb and David Ray Griffin are becoming required reading for Chinese graduate students. Cobb has attributed China's interest in process philosophy partly to Whitehead's stress on the mutual interdependence of humanity and nature, as well as his emphasis on an educational system that includes the teaching of values rather than simply bare facts.

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

text: But

text: while

text: Claremont

text: remains

text: the

text: most

text: concentrated

text: hub

text: of

text: Whiteheadian

text: activity

text: the

text: place

text: where

text: Whitehead

text: 's

text: thought

text: currently

text: seems

text: to

text: be

text: growing

text: the

text: most

text: quickly

text: is

text: in

text: China

text: In

text: order

text: to

text: address

text: the

text: challenges

text: of

text: modernization

text: and

text: industrialization

text: China

text: has

text: begun

text: to

text: blend

text: traditions

text: of

text: Taoism

text: Buddhism

text: and

text: Confucianism

text: with

text: Whitehead

text: 's

text: constructive

text: post

text: modern

text: philosophy

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: create

text: an

text: ecological

text: civilization

text: To

text: date

text: the

text: Chinese

text: government

text: has

text: encouraged

text: the

text: building

text: of

text: twenty

text: three

text: university

text: based

text: centers

text: for

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: Whitehead

text: 's

text: philosophy

text: and

text: books

text: by

text: process

text: philosophers

text: John

text: Cobb

text: and

text: David

text: Ray

text: Griffin

text: are

text: becoming

text: required

text: reading

text: for

text: Chinese

text: graduate

text: students

text: Cobb

text: has

text: attributed

text: China

text: 's

text: interest

text: in

text: process

text: philosophy

text: partly

text: to

text: Whitehead

text: 's

text: stress

text: on

text: the

text: mutual

text: interdependence

text: of

text: humanity

text: and

text: nature

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: his

text: emphasis

text: on

text: an

text: educational

text: system

text: that

text: includes

text: the

text: teaching

text: of

text: values

text: rather

text: than

text: simply

text: bare

text: facts

question: Where is interest in Whitehead's work growing the fastest today?

answer: China

text: China

question: What challenges are China using Whitehead's ideas to help manage?

answer: modernization and industrialization

text: modernization and industrialization

question: What types of traditions are China blending with Whitehead's "constructive post-modern" philosophy?

answer: traditions of Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism

text: traditions of Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism

question: What philosphers' writings are becoming required reading for graduate students in China?

answer: John Cobb and David Ray Griffin

text: John Cobb and David Ray Griffin

question: Why does John Cobb believe China has become interested in process philosophy?

answer: interdependence of humanity and nature, as well as his emphasis on an educational system that includes the teaching of values rather than simply bare facts

text: interdependence of humanity and nature, as well as his emphasis on an educational system that includes the teaching of values rather than simply bare facts

question: Where is interest in Whitehead's work growing the slowest today?

text: China

question: What challenges are Japan using Whitehead's ideas to help manage?

text: modernization and industrialization

question: What types of traditions are China blending with Whitehead's "constructive pre-modern" philosophy?

text: Taoism, Buddhism, and Confucianism

question: What philosphers' writings are becoming not required reading for graduate students in China?

text: John Cobb and David Ray Griffin


text: Since chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides dissolve in fats and are not excreted, organisms tend to retain them almost indefinitely. Biological magnification is the process whereby these chlorinated hydrocarbons (pesticides) are more concentrated at each level of the food chain. Among marine animals, pesticide concentrations are higher in carnivorous fishes, and even more so in the fish-eating birds and mammals at the top of the ecological pyramid. Global distillation is the process whereby pesticides are transported from warmer to colder regions of the Earth, in particular the Poles and mountain tops. Pesticides that evaporate into the atmosphere at relatively high temperature can be carried considerable distances (thousands of kilometers) by the wind to an area of lower temperature, where they condense and are carried back to the ground in rain or snow.

title: Pesticide

title: Pesticide

text: Since

text: chlorinated

text: hydrocarbon

text: pesticides

text: dissolve

text: in

text: fats

text: and

text: are

text: not

text: excreted

text: organisms

text: tend

text: to

text: retain

text: them

text: almost

text: indefinitely

text: Biological

text: magnification

text: is

text: the

text: process

text: whereby

text: these

text: chlorinated

text: hydrocarbons

text: pesticides

text: are

text: more

text: concentrated

text: at

text: each

text: level

text: of

text: the

text: food

text: chain

text: Among

text: marine

text: animals

text: pesticide

text: concentrations

text: are

text: higher

text: in

text: carnivorous

text: fishes

text: and

text: even

text: more

text: so

text: in

text: the

text: fish

text: eating

text: birds

text: and

text: mammals

text: at

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: ecological

text: pyramid

text: Global

text: distillation

text: is

text: the

text: process

text: whereby

text: pesticides

text: are

text: transported

text: from

text: warmer

text: to

text: colder

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: in

text: particular

text: the

text: Poles

text: and

text: mountain

text: tops

text: Pesticides

text: that

text: evaporate

text: into

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: at

text: relatively

text: high

text: temperature

text: can

text: be

text: carried

text: considerable

text: distances

text: thousands

text: of

text: kilometers

text: by

text: the

text: wind

text: to

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: lower

text: temperature

text: where

text: they

text: condense

text: and

text: are

text: carried

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: ground

text: in

text: rain

text: or

text: snow

question: Why are hydrocarbon pesticides not excreted?

answer: dissolve in fats

text: dissolve in fats

question: How are levels of pesticides higher going up the food chain?

answer: Biological magnification

text: Biological magnification

question: The movement of pesticides from wawrme to cooler climates is called what?

answer: Global distillation

text: Global distillation

question: How could pesticides travel over hundreds of miles?

answer: the wind

text: the wind

question: How long does an animal store fat when it has a healthy diet?

text: almost indefinitely

question: What regions have larger concentrations of marine animals?

text: colder regions

question: What group is able to store fat more quickly?

text: carnivorous fishes

question: In what area do fish-eating birds usually live?

text: mountain tops

question: How far do fish-eating birds need to fly for a meal?

text: considerable distances


text: The initial military maneuvers began in September 1806. In a notable letter to Marshal Soult detailing the plan for the campaign, Napoleon described the essential features of Napoleonic warfare and introduced the phrase le bataillon-carré ('square battalion'). In the bataillon-carré system, the various corps of the Grande Armée would march uniformly together in close supporting distance. If any single corps was attacked, the others could quickly spring into action and arrive to help. Napoleon invaded Prussia with 180,000 troops, rapidly marching on the right bank of the River Saale. As in previous campaigns, his fundamental objective was to destroy one opponent before reinforcements from another could tip the balance of the war. Upon learning the whereabouts of the Prussian army, the French swung westwards and crossed the Saale with overwhelming force. At the twin battles of Jena and Auerstedt, fought on 14 October, the French convincingly defeated the Prussians and inflicted heavy casualties. With several major commanders dead or incapacitated, the Prussian king proved incapable of effectively commanding the army, which began to quickly disintegrate. In a vaunted pursuit that epitomized the "peak of Napoleonic warfare," according to historian Richard Brooks, the French managed to capture 140,000 soldiers, over 2,000 cannons and hundreds of ammunition wagons, all in a single month. Historian David Chandler wrote of the Prussian forces: "Never has the morale of any army been more completely shattered." Despite their overwhelming defeat, the Prussians refused to negotiate with the French until the Russians had an opportunity to enter the fight.

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: The

text: initial

text: military

text: maneuvers

text: began

text: in

text: September

text: In

text: a

text: notable

text: letter

text: to

text: Marshal

text: Soult

text: detailing

text: the

text: plan

text: for

text: the

text: campaign

text: Napoleon

text: described

text: the

text: essential

text: features

text: of

text: Napoleonic

text: warfare

text: and

text: introduced

text: the

text: phrase

text: le

text: bataillon

text: carré

text: square

text: battalion

text: In

text: the

text: bataillon

text: carré

text: system

text: the

text: various

text: corps

text: of

text: the

text: Grande

text: Armée

text: would

text: march

text: uniformly

text: together

text: in

text: close

text: supporting

text: distance

text: If

text: any

text: single

text: corps

text: was

text: attacked

text: the

text: others

text: could

text: quickly

text: spring

text: into

text: action

text: and

text: arrive

text: to

text: help

text: Napoleon

text: invaded

text: Prussia

text: with

text: troops

text: rapidly

text: marching

text: on

text: the

text: right

text: bank

text: of

text: the

text: River

text: Saale

text: As

text: in

text: previous

text: campaigns

text: his

text: fundamental

text: objective

text: was

text: to

text: destroy

text: one

text: opponent

text: before

text: reinforcements

text: from

text: another

text: could

text: tip

text: the

text: balance

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: Upon

text: learning

text: the

text: whereabouts

text: of

text: the

text: Prussian

text: army

text: the

text: French

text: swung

text: westwards

text: and

text: crossed

text: the

text: Saale

text: with

text: overwhelming

text: force

text: At

text: the

text: twin

text: battles

text: of

text: Jena

text: and

text: Auerstedt

text: fought

text: on

text: October

text: the

text: French

text: convincingly

text: defeated

text: the

text: Prussians

text: and

text: inflicted

text: heavy

text: casualties

text: With

text: several

text: major

text: commanders

text: dead

text: or

text: incapacitated

text: the

text: Prussian

text: king

text: proved

text: incapable

text: of

text: effectively

text: commanding

text: the

text: army

text: which

text: began

text: to

text: quickly

text: disintegrate

text: In

text: a

text: vaunted

text: pursuit

text: that

text: epitomized

text: the

text: peak

text: of

text: Napoleonic

text: warfare

text: according

text: to

text: historian

text: Richard

text: Brooks

text: the

text: French

text: managed

text: to

text: capture

text: soldiers

text: over

text: cannons

text: and

text: hundreds

text: of

text: ammunition

text: wagons

text: all

text: in

text: a

text: single

text: month

text: Historian

text: David

text: Chandler

text: wrote

text: of

text: the

text: Prussian

text: forces

text: Never

text: has

text: the

text: morale

text: of

text: any

text: army

text: been

text: more

text: completely

text: shattered

text: Despite

text: their

text: overwhelming

text: defeat

text: the

text: Prussians

text: refused

text: to

text: negotiate

text: with

text: the

text: French

text: until

text: the

text: Russians

text: had

text: an

text: opportunity

text: to

text: enter

text: the

text: fight

question: How many troops did Napoleon use for the invasion of Prussia?

answer: 180,000

question: What river did the French cross to engage the Prussian army?

answer: the Saale

text: the Saale

question: To whom did Napoleon send a letter detailing his plans for the campaign with Prussia?

answer: Marshal Soult

text: Marshal Soult

question: On what date were the battles of Jena and Auerstedt fought?

answer: 14 October

text: 14 October

question: How many Prussian soldiers were captured at the battles of Jena and Auerstedt?

answer: 140,000


text: Philosophical empiricists hold no knowledge to be properly inferred or deduced unless it is derived from one's sense-based experience. This view is commonly contrasted with rationalism, which states that knowledge may be derived from reason independently of the senses. For example, John Locke held that some knowledge (e.g. knowledge of God's existence) could be arrived at through intuition and reasoning alone. Similarly Robert Boyle, a prominent advocate of the experimental method, held that we have innate ideas. The main continental rationalists (Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz) were also advocates of the empirical "scientific method".

title: Empiricism

title: Empiricism

text: Philosophical

text: empiricists

text: hold

text: no

text: knowledge

text: to

text: be

text: properly

text: inferred

text: or

text: deduced

text: unless

text: it

text: is

text: derived

text: from

text: one

text: 's

text: sense

text: based

text: experience

text: This

text: view

text: is

text: commonly

text: contrasted

text: with

text: rationalism

text: which

text: states

text: that

text: knowledge

text: may

text: be

text: derived

text: from

text: reason

text: independently

text: of

text: the

text: senses

text: For

text: example

text: John

text: Locke

text: held

text: that

text: some

text: knowledge

text: e.g.

text: knowledge

text: of

text: God

text: 's

text: existence

text: could

text: be

text: arrived

text: at

text: through

text: intuition

text: and

text: reasoning

text: alone

text: Similarly

text: Robert

text: Boyle

text: a

text: prominent

text: advocate

text: of

text: the

text: experimental

text: method

text: held

text: that

text: we

text: have

text: innate

text: ideas

text: The

text: main

text: continental

text: rationalists

text: Descartes

text: Spinoza

text: and

text: Leibniz

text: were

text: also

text: advocates

text: of

text: the

text: empirical

text: scientific

text: method

question: What is commonly contrasted with empiricism?

answer: rationalism

text: rationalism

question: Where does rationalism say knowledge comes from?

answer: reason independently of the senses

text: reason independently of the senses

question: What is an example knowledge being derived from intuition?

answer: knowledge of God's existence

text: knowledge of God's existence

question: What did Locke think some knowledge could come from?

answer: intuition and reasoning alone

text: intuition and reasoning alone

question: Where were the main European rationalists?

answer: Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz

text: Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz

question: Who were the main philosophical empiricists?

text: Descartes, Spinoza, and Leibniz

question: What did John Locke say required information from one's experience?

text: knowledge of God's existence

question: Where was philosophical empiricism popular?

text: continental

question: Why are empiricists and rationalists similar?

text: knowledge may be derived from reason

question: How did empiricists discover innate ideas?

text: one's sense-based experience


text: Washington University has been selected by the Commission on Presidential Debates to host more presidential and vice-presidential debates than any other institution in history. United States presidential election debates were held at the Washington University Athletic Complex in 1992, 2000, 2004, and 2016. A presidential debate was planned to occur in 1996, but owing to scheduling difficulties between the candidates, the debate was canceled. The university hosted the only 2008 vice presidential debate, between Republican Sarah Palin and Democrat Joe Biden, on October 2, 2008, also at the Washington University Athletic Complex.

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

text: Washington

text: University

text: has

text: been

text: selected

text: by

text: the

text: Commission

text: on

text: Presidential

text: Debates

text: to

text: host

text: more

text: presidential

text: and

text: vice

text: presidential

text: debates

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: institution

text: in

text: history

text: United

text: States

text: presidential

text: election

text: debates

text: were

text: held

text: at

text: the

text: Washington

text: University

text: Athletic

text: Complex

text: in

text: and

text: A

text: presidential

text: debate

text: was

text: planned

text: to

text: occur

text: in

text: but

text: owing

text: to

text: scheduling

text: difficulties

text: between

text: the

text: candidates

text: the

text: debate

text: was

text: canceled

text: The

text: university

text: hosted

text: the

text: only

text: vice

text: presidential

text: debate

text: between

text: Republican

text: Sarah

text: Palin

text: and

text: Democrat

text: Joe

text: Biden

text: on

text: October

text: also

text: at

text: the

text: Washington

text: University

text: Athletic

text: Complex

question: What years were presidential debates held at Washington University?

answer: 1992, 2000, 2004, and 2016

text: 1992, 2000, 2004, and 2016

question: What building at Washington University was used to host the presidential debates?

answer: Washington University Athletic Complex

text: Washington University Athletic Complex

question: Why was the presidential debate canceled in 1996 at Washington University?

answer: scheduling difficulties between the candidates

text: scheduling difficulties between the candidates

question: When was the only vice presidential debate held at Washington University?

answer: October 2, 2008

text: October 2, 2008

question: Who were the candidates in the vice presidential debate at Washington University?

answer: Republican Sarah Palin and Democrat Joe Biden

text: Republican Sarah Palin and Democrat Joe Biden

question: In what year was the Washington University Athletic Complex built?

question: Who was one of the presidential candidates to debate in 1992?

text: Sarah Palin

question: Who was one of the presidential candidates to debate in 2000?

text: Joe Biden

question: Who was one of the presidential candidates in 1996?

text: Joe Biden

question: Was it presidential or vice presidential debate held at Washington University in 2000?

text: vice-presidential


text: After the formal end of Reconstruction, the struggle over power in Southern society continued. Through violence and intimidation against freedmen and their allies, White Democrats regained political power in Tennessee and other states across the South in the late 1870s and 1880s. Over the next decade, the state legislature passed increasingly restrictive laws to control African Americans. In 1889 the General Assembly passed four laws described as electoral reform, with the cumulative effect of essentially disfranchising most African Americans in rural areas and small towns, as well as many poor Whites. Legislation included implementation of a poll tax, timing of registration, and recording requirements. Tens of thousands of taxpaying citizens were without representation for decades into the 20th century. Disfranchising legislation accompanied Jim Crow laws passed in the late 19th century, which imposed segregation in the state. In 1900, African Americans made up nearly 24% of the state's population, and numbered 480,430 citizens who lived mostly in the central and western parts of the state.

title: Tennessee

title: Tennessee

text: After

text: the

text: formal

text: end

text: of

text: Reconstruction

text: the

text: struggle

text: over

text: power

text: in

text: Southern

text: society

text: continued

text: Through

text: violence

text: and

text: intimidation

text: against

text: freedmen

text: and

text: their

text: allies

text: White

text: Democrats

text: regained

text: political

text: power

text: in

text: Tennessee

text: and

text: other

text: states

text: across

text: the

text: South

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: Over

text: the

text: next

text: decade

text: the

text: state

text: legislature

text: passed

text: increasingly

text: restrictive

text: laws

text: to

text: control

text: African

text: Americans

text: In

text: the

text: General

text: Assembly

text: passed

text: four

text: laws

text: described

text: as

text: electoral

text: reform

text: with

text: the

text: cumulative

text: effect

text: of

text: essentially

text: disfranchising

text: most

text: African

text: Americans

text: in

text: rural

text: areas

text: and

text: small

text: towns

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: many

text: poor

text: Whites

text: Legislation

text: included

text: implementation

text: of

text: a

text: poll

text: tax

text: timing

text: of

text: registration

text: and

text: recording

text: requirements

text: Tens

text: of

text: thousands

text: of

text: taxpaying

text: citizens

text: were

text: without

text: representation

text: for

text: decades

text: into

text: the

text: century

text: Disfranchising

text: legislation

text: accompanied

text: Jim

text: Crow

text: laws

text: passed

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: which

text: imposed

text: segregation

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: In

text: African

text: Americans

text: made

text: up

text: nearly

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: population

text: and

text: numbered

text: citizens

text: who

text: lived

text: mostly

text: in

text: the

text: central

text: and

text: western

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: state

question: Who were targeted by restrictive laws passed in Southern states at the end of the 19th century?

answer: African Americans

text: African Americans

question: In which year did the Tennessee General Assembly pass electoral reform laws that disenfranchised most African Americans in the state?

answer: 1889

question: Who besides African Americans were victims of Tennessee's late-19th century electoral reform?

answer: poor Whites

text: poor Whites

question: What is the name for laws dating from the late-19th century which promoted segregation?

answer: Jim Crow laws

text: Jim Crow laws

question: Approximately how many African Americans lived in Tennessee in 1900?

answer: 480,430


text: By the Late Middle Ages, Great Britain was separated into the Kingdoms of England and Scotland. Power in Ireland fluxed between Gaelic kingdoms, Hiberno-Norman lords and the English-dominated Lordship of Ireland. A similar situation existed in the Principality of Wales, which was slowly being annexed into the Kingdom of England by a series of laws. During the course of the 15th century, the Crown of England would assert a claim to the Crown of France, thereby also releasing the King of England as from being vassal of the King of France. In 1534, King Henry VIII, at first having been a strong defender of Roman Catholicism in the face of the Reformation, separated from the Roman Church after failing to secure a divorce from the Pope. His response was to place the King of England as "the only Supreme Head in Earth of the Church of England", thereby removing the authority of the Pope from the affairs of the English Church. Ireland, which had been held by the King of England as Lord of Ireland, but which strictly speaking had been a feudal possession of the Pope since the Norman invasion was declared a separate kingdom in personal union with England.

title: British_Isles

title: British_Isles

text: By

text: the

text: Late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: Great

text: Britain

text: was

text: separated

text: into

text: the

text: Kingdoms

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: Scotland

text: Power

text: in

text: Ireland

text: fluxed

text: between

text: Gaelic

text: kingdoms

text: Hiberno

text: Norman

text: lords

text: and

text: the

text: English

text: dominated

text: Lordship

text: of

text: Ireland

text: A

text: similar

text: situation

text: existed

text: in

text: the

text: Principality

text: of

text: Wales

text: which

text: was

text: slowly

text: being

text: annexed

text: into

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: England

text: by

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: laws

text: During

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: Crown

text: of

text: England

text: would

text: assert

text: a

text: claim

text: to

text: the

text: Crown

text: of

text: France

text: thereby

text: also

text: releasing

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: England

text: as

text: from

text: being

text: vassal

text: of

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: France

text: In

text: King

text: Henry

text: VIII

text: at

text: first

text: having

text: been

text: a

text: strong

text: defender

text: of

text: Roman

text: Catholicism

text: in

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: the

text: Reformation

text: separated

text: from

text: the

text: Roman

text: Church

text: after

text: failing

text: to

text: secure

text: a

text: divorce

text: from

text: the

text: Pope

text: His

text: response

text: was

text: to

text: place

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: England

text: as

text: the

text: only

text: Supreme

text: Head

text: in

text: Earth

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: England

text: thereby

text: removing

text: the

text: authority

text: of

text: the

text: Pope

text: from

text: the

text: affairs

text: of

text: the

text: English

text: Church

text: Ireland

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: held

text: by

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: England

text: as

text: Lord

text: of

text: Ireland

text: but

text: which

text: strictly

text: speaking

text: had

text: been

text: a

text: feudal

text: possession

text: of

text: the

text: Pope

text: since

text: the

text: Norman

text: invasion

text: was

text: declared

text: a

text: separate

text: kingdom

text: in

text: personal

text: union

text: with

text: England

question: During the end of the Middle Ages which two kingdoms was Great Britain divided into?

answer: Kingdoms of England and Scotland

text: Kingdoms of England and Scotland

question: Which king failed to receive a divorce from the Pope in 1534?

answer: King Henry VIII

text: King Henry VIII

question: What was the name of the church that King Henry VIII founded?

answer: Church of England

text: Church of England

question: Since the Norman invasion who had feudal possession of Ireland?

answer: the Pope

text: the Pope

question: During the early Golden Age, what was Great Britain separated into?

text: England and Scotland.

question: During the late Middle Ages, Ireland was separated into England and what other country?

text: Scotland

question: During the late Middle Ages, Ireland was separated into Scotland and what other country?

text: England

question: During the late Middle Ages, the Roman Church was separated into England and what other country?

text: Scotland

question: During the late Middle Ages, the Crown of France was separated into England and what other country?

text: Scotland


text: If a party has materially violated or breached its treaty obligations, the other parties may invoke this breach as grounds for temporarily suspending their obligations to that party under the treaty. A material breach may also be invoked as grounds for permanently terminating the treaty itself.

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: If

text: a

text: party

text: has

text: materially

text: violated

text: or

text: breached

text: its

text: treaty

text: obligations

text: the

text: other

text: parties

text: may

text: invoke

text: this

text: breach

text: as

text: grounds

text: for

text: temporarily

text: suspending

text: their

text: obligations

text: to

text: that

text: party

text: under

text: the

text: treaty

text: A

text: material

text: breach

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: invoked

text: as

text: grounds

text: for

text: permanently

text: terminating

text: the

text: treaty

text: itself

question: What may be invoked as grounds for permanently terminating a treaty?

answer: A material breach

text: A material breach

question: In addition to terminating the treaty itself, what actions by the other parties might result from one party materially violating or beaching its obligations?

answer: temporarily suspending their obligations to that party

text: temporarily suspending their obligations to that party

question: In addition to suspending their obligations under a treaty to the violating party, what may result from a material breach of treaty obligations?

answer: terminating the treaty itself

text: terminating the treaty itself

question: Who may invoke a material breach committed by a party to a treaty to suspend their obligations to that party?

answer: the other parties

text: the other parties

question: What temporary actions can parties of a treaty take in response to a material violation of a party's obligations?

answer: suspending their obligations to that party

text: suspending their obligations to that party


text: For fortification, however, a 2003 review recommended zinc oxide in cereals as cheap, stable, and as easily absorbed as more expensive forms. A 2005 study found that various compounds of zinc, including oxide and sulfate, did not show statistically significant differences in absorption when added as fortificants to maize tortillas. A 1987 study found that zinc picolinate was better absorbed than zinc gluconate or zinc citrate. However, a study published in 2008 determined that zinc glycinate is the best absorbed of the four dietary supplement types available.

title: Zinc

title: Zinc

text: For

text: fortification

text: however

text: a

text: review

text: recommended

text: zinc

text: oxide

text: in

text: cereals

text: as

text: cheap

text: stable

text: and

text: as

text: easily

text: absorbed

text: as

text: more

text: expensive

text: forms

text: A

text: study

text: found

text: that

text: various

text: compounds

text: of

text: zinc

text: including

text: oxide

text: and

text: sulfate

text: did

text: not

text: show

text: statistically

text: significant

text: differences

text: in

text: absorption

text: when

text: added

text: as

text: fortificants

text: to

text: maize

text: tortillas

text: A

text: study

text: found

text: that

text: zinc

text: picolinate

text: was

text: better

text: absorbed

text: than

text: zinc

text: gluconate

text: or

text: zinc

text: citrate

text: However

text: a

text: study

text: published

text: in

text: determined

text: that

text: zinc

text: glycinate

text: is

text: the

text: best

text: absorbed

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: dietary

text: supplement

text: types

text: available

question: Zinc oxide is used to fortify what product?

answer: cereals

text: cereals

question: In what product did  various compounds of zinc show little difference in absorption?

answer: maize tortillas

text: maize tortillas

question: What compound is better absorbed than zinc gluconate?

answer: zinc picolinate

text: zinc picolinate

question: What is the best absorbed dietary zinc compound?

answer: zinc glycinate

text: zinc glycinate

question: What product is zinc oxide used to taint?

text: cereals

question: What product did various compounds of zinc show massive differences in absorption?

text: maize tortillas

question: What compound is the same as zinc gluconate in being absorbed?

text: zinc picolinate

question: What is the only absorbed dietary zinc compound?

text: zinc glycinate

question: What year had the only study regarding zinc compounds?