text: In the immediate years after Eisenhower left office, his reputation declined. He was widely seen by critics as an inactive, uninspiring, golf-playing president compared to his vigorous young successor. Despite his unprecedented use of Army troops to enforce a federal desegregation order at Central High School in Little Rock, Eisenhower was criticized for his reluctance to support the civil rights movement to the degree that activists wanted. Eisenhower also attracted criticism for his handling of the 1960 U-2 incident and the associated international embarrassment, for the Soviet Union's perceived leadership in the nuclear arms race and the Space Race, and for his failure to publicly oppose McCarthyism.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: In

text: the

text: immediate

text: years

text: after

text: Eisenhower

text: left

text: office

text: his

text: reputation

text: declined

text: He

text: was

text: widely

text: seen

text: by

text: critics

text: as

text: an

text: inactive

text: uninspiring

text: golf

text: playing

text: president

text: compared

text: to

text: his

text: vigorous

text: young

text: successor

text: Despite

text: his

text: unprecedented

text: use

text: of

text: Army

text: troops

text: to

text: enforce

text: a

text: federal

text: desegregation

text: order

text: at

text: Central

text: High

text: School

text: in

text: Little

text: Rock

text: Eisenhower

text: was

text: criticized

text: for

text: his

text: reluctance

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: civil

text: rights

text: movement

text: to

text: the

text: degree

text: that

text: activists

text: wanted

text: Eisenhower

text: also

text: attracted

text: criticism

text: for

text: his

text: handling

text: of

text: the

text: incident

text: and

text: the

text: associated

text: international

text: embarrassment

text: for

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: 's

text: perceived

text: leadership

text: in

text: the

text: nuclear

text: arms

text: race

text: and

text: the

text: Space

text: Race

text: and

text: for

text: his

text: failure

text: to

text: publicly

text: oppose

text: McCarthyism

question: In popular memory, what sport was Eisenhower known for playing?

answer: golf

text: golf

question: What did critics feel that Eisenhower should have opposed in public?

answer: McCarthyism

text: McCarthyism

question: Where was Central High school located?

answer: Little Rock

text: Little Rock

question: How did critics characterize Kennedy in comparison to Eisenhower?

answer: vigorous young successor

text: vigorous young successor

question: What nation was considered the leader in the nuclear arms race?

answer: Soviet Union

text: Soviet Union


text: NARA also maintains the Presidential Library system, a nationwide network of libraries for preserving and making available the documents of U.S. presidents since Herbert Hoover. The Presidential Libraries include:

title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

text: NARA

text: also

text: maintains

text: the

text: Presidential

text: Library

text: system

text: a

text: nationwide

text: network

text: of

text: libraries

text: for

text: preserving

text: and

text: making

text: available

text: the

text: documents

text: of

text: U.S.

text: presidents

text: since

text: Herbert

text: Hoover

text: The

text: Presidential

text: Libraries

text: include

question: What agency maintains the Presidential Library system?

answer: NARA

text: NARA

question: What is the system that preserves the documents of US Presidents?

answer: Presidential Library system

text: Presidential Library system

question: Who is the earliest President that is represented in the archives of the Presidential Library system?

answer: Herbert Hoover

text: Herbert Hoover

question: In what area of the US can one find the Presidential Library system libraries?

answer: nationwide

text: nationwide

question: What did Herbert Hoover maintain?

text: the Presidential Library system

question: What is the system that Herbert Hoover founded?

text: the Presidential Library system

question: Where did Herbert Hoover spend much of his time?

text: Presidential Library

question: What organization was started by Hoover for document storage?

text: NARA

question: Why did NARA create the Presidential Library System?


text: In agriculture and animal husbandry, the Green Revolution popularized the use of conventional hybridization to increase yield. Often hybridized breeds originated in developed countries and were further hybridized with local varieties in the developing world to create high yield strains resistant to local climate and diseases. Local governments and industry have been pushing hybridization. Formerly huge gene pools of various wild and indigenous breeds have collapsed causing widespread genetic erosion and genetic pollution. This has resulted in loss of genetic diversity and biodiversity as a whole.

title: Biodiversity

title: Biodiversity

text: In

text: agriculture

text: and

text: animal

text: husbandry

text: the

text: Green

text: Revolution

text: popularized

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: conventional

text: hybridization

text: to

text: increase

text: yield

text: Often

text: hybridized

text: breeds

text: originated

text: in

text: developed

text: countries

text: and

text: were

text: further

text: hybridized

text: with

text: local

text: varieties

text: in

text: the

text: developing

text: world

text: to

text: create

text: high

text: yield

text: strains

text: resistant

text: to

text: local

text: climate

text: and

text: diseases

text: Local

text: governments

text: and

text: industry

text: have

text: been

text: pushing

text: hybridization

text: Formerly

text: huge

text: gene

text: pools

text: of

text: various

text: wild

text: and

text: indigenous

text: breeds

text: have

text: collapsed

text: causing

text: widespread

text: genetic

text: erosion

text: and

text: genetic

text: pollution

text: This

text: has

text: resulted

text: in

text: loss

text: of

text: genetic

text: diversity

text: and

text: biodiversity

text: as

text: a

text: whole

question: What popularized the use of conventional hybridization to increase yield?

answer: the Green Revolution

text: the Green Revolution

question: What did the high yield strains become resistant to?

answer: local climate and diseases

text: local climate and diseases

question: Who has been pushing for hybridization?

answer: Local governments and industry

text: Local governments and industry

question: What caused the loss of biodiversity?

answer: Formerly huge gene pools of various wild and indigenous breeds have collapsed causing widespread genetic erosion

text: Formerly huge gene pools of various wild and indigenous breeds have collapsed causing widespread genetic erosion

question: What popularized the use of conventional genetic erosion to increase yield?

text: the Green Revolution

question: What did the high yield governments become resistant to?

text: local climate and diseases

question: Who has been pushing for indigenous breeds?

text: Local governments and industry

question: What caused the loss of local governments?

question: What do conventional breeds often originate in?

text: developed countries


text: In 1877, John Wanamaker opened the United State's first modern department store in a former Pennsylvania Railroad freight terminal in Philadelphia. Wanamakers was the first department store to offer fixed prices marked on every article and also introduced electrical illumination (1878), the telephone (1879), and the use of pneumatic tubes to transport cash and documents (1880) to the department store business. Subsequent department stores founded in Philadelphia included Strawbridge and Clothier, Gimbels, Lit Brothers, and Snellenbergs.

title: Department_store

title: Department_store

text: In

text: John

text: Wanamaker

text: opened

text: the

text: United

text: State

text: 's

text: first

text: modern

text: department

text: store

text: in

text: a

text: former

text: Pennsylvania

text: Railroad

text: freight

text: terminal

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: Wanamakers

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: department

text: store

text: to

text: offer

text: fixed

text: prices

text: marked

text: on

text: every

text: article

text: and

text: also

text: introduced

text: electrical

text: illumination

text: the

text: telephone

text: and

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: pneumatic

text: tubes

text: to

text: transport

text: cash

text: and

text: documents

text: to

text: the

text: department

text: store

text: business

text: Subsequent

text: department

text: stores

text: founded

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: included

text: Strawbridge

text: and

text: Clothier

text: Gimbels

text: Lit

text: Brothers

text: and

text: Snellenbergs

question: Who opened the original "modern" department store in America?

answer: John Wanamaker

text: John Wanamaker

question: What feature made Wanamakers different from other stores at the time?

answer: fixed prices marked on every article

text: fixed prices marked on every article

question: How were important documents and money transported throughout the store?

answer: pneumatic tubes

text: pneumatic tubes

question: When was electric lighting first installed and used in the store?

answer: 1878

question: In what state was Wanamakers established?

answer: Pennsylvania

text: Pennsylvania

question: Who opened the last "modern" department store in America?

text: John Wanamaker

question: What feature made Wanamakers the same as other stores at the time?

text: fixed prices marked on every article

question: How were unimportant documents and money transported throughout the store?

text: pneumatic tubes

question: When was electric lighting last installed and used in the store?

question: In what state wasn't Wanamakers established?

text: Pennsylvania


text: Religious Ashkenazi Jews living in Israel are obliged to follow the authority of the chief Ashkenazi rabbi in halakhic matters. In this respect, a religiously Ashkenazi Jew is an Israeli who is more likely to support certain religious interests in Israel, including certain political parties. These political parties result from the fact that a portion of the Israeli electorate votes for Jewish religious parties; although the electoral map changes from one election to another, there are generally several small parties associated with the interests of religious Ashkenazi Jews. The role of religious parties, including small religious parties that play important roles as coalition members, results in turn from Israel's composition as a complex society in which competing social, economic, and religious interests stand for election to the Knesset, a unicameral legislature with 120 seats.

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

text: Religious

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jews

text: living

text: in

text: Israel

text: are

text: obliged

text: to

text: follow

text: the

text: authority

text: of

text: the

text: chief

text: Ashkenazi

text: rabbi

text: in

text: halakhic

text: matters

text: In

text: this

text: respect

text: a

text: religiously

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jew

text: is

text: an

text: Israeli

text: who

text: is

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: support

text: certain

text: religious

text: interests

text: in

text: Israel

text: including

text: certain

text: political

text: parties

text: These

text: political

text: parties

text: result

text: from

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: a

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: Israeli

text: electorate

text: votes

text: for

text: Jewish

text: religious

text: parties

text: although

text: the

text: electoral

text: map

text: changes

text: from

text: one

text: election

text: to

text: another

text: there

text: are

text: generally

text: several

text: small

text: parties

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: interests

text: of

text: religious

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jews

text: The

text: role

text: of

text: religious

text: parties

text: including

text: small

text: religious

text: parties

text: that

text: play

text: important

text: roles

text: as

text: coalition

text: members

text: results

text: in

text: turn

text: from

text: Israel

text: 's

text: composition

text: as

text: a

text: complex

text: society

text: in

text: which

text: competing

text: social

text: economic

text: and

text: religious

text: interests

text: stand

text: for

text: election

text: to

text: the

text: Knesset

text: a

text: unicameral

text: legislature

text: with

text: seats

question: Religious Ashkenazi Jews living in Israel follow the authority of whom in certain matters?

answer: the chief Ashkenazi rabbi

text: the chief Ashkenazi rabbi

question: What is the Knesset?

answer: a unicameral legislature with 120 seats

text: a unicameral legislature with 120 seats

question: Religious Ashkenazi Jews look to the authority of the chief Ashkenazi rabbi in which matters?

answer: halakhic matters

text: halakhic matters


text: In recent years the city government, under Mayor Manny Diaz, has taken an ambitious stance in support of bicycling in Miami for both recreation and commuting. Every month, the city hosts "Bike Miami", where major streets in Downtown and Brickell are closed to automobiles, but left open for pedestrians and bicyclists. The event began in November 2008, and has doubled in popularity from 1,500 participants to about 3,000 in the October 2009 Bike Miami. This is the longest-running such event in the US. In October 2009, the city also approved an extensive 20-year plan for bike routes and paths around the city. The city has begun construction of bike routes as of late 2009, and ordinances requiring bike parking in all future construction in the city became mandatory as of October 2009.

title: Miami

title: Miami

text: In

text: recent

text: years

text: the

text: city

text: government

text: under

text: Mayor

text: Manny

text: Diaz

text: has

text: taken

text: an

text: ambitious

text: stance

text: in

text: support

text: of

text: bicycling

text: in

text: Miami

text: for

text: both

text: recreation

text: and

text: commuting

text: Every

text: month

text: the

text: city

text: hosts

text: Bike

text: Miami

text: where

text: major

text: streets

text: in

text: Downtown

text: and

text: Brickell

text: are

text: closed

text: to

text: automobiles

text: but

text: left

text: open

text: for

text: pedestrians

text: and

text: bicyclists

text: The

text: event

text: began

text: in

text: November

text: and

text: has

text: doubled

text: in

text: popularity

text: from

text: participants

text: to

text: about

text: in

text: the

text: October

text: Bike

text: Miami

text: This

text: is

text: the

text: longest

text: running

text: such

text: event

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: In

text: October

text: the

text: city

text: also

text: approved

text: an

text: extensive

text: plan

text: for

text: bike

text: routes

text: and

text: paths

text: around

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: begun

text: construction

text: of

text: bike

text: routes

text: as

text: of

text: late

text: and

text: ordinances

text: requiring

text: bike

text: parking

text: in

text: all

text: future

text: construction

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: became

text: mandatory

text: as

text: of

text: October

question: What cannot travel on Downtown Miami streets during "Bike Miami"?

answer: automobiles

text: automobiles

question: How many people participated in Bike Miami in October of 2009?

answer: 3,000

question: Who was a recent mayor of Miami?

answer: Manny Diaz

text: Manny Diaz

question: Along with Downtown, in what neighborhood of Miami does Bike Miami take place?

answer: Brickell

text: Brickell

question: In what month in 2008 did Bike Miami start?

answer: November

text: November

question: What can travel on Downtown Miami streets during "Bike Miami"?

text: automobiles

question: How many people participated in Bike Miami in October of 2008?

question: Who was a non-recent mayor of Miami?

text: Manny Diaz

question: Along with Uptown, in what neighborhood of Miami does Bike Miami take place?

text: Brickell

question: In what month in 2018 did Bike Miami start?

text: November


text: The United Healthcare/Pacificare nutrition guideline recommends a whole plant food diet, and recommends using protein only as a condiment with meals. A National Geographic cover article from November 2005, entitled The Secrets of Living Longer, also recommends a whole plant food diet. The article is a lifestyle survey of three populations, Sardinians, Okinawans, and Adventists, who generally display longevity and "suffer a fraction of the diseases that commonly kill people in other parts of the developed world, and enjoy more healthy years of life." In sum, they offer three sets of 'best practices' to emulate. The rest is up to you. In common with all three groups is to "Eat fruits, vegetables, and whole grains."

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: The

text: United

text: Healthcare

text: Pacificare

text: nutrition

text: guideline

text: recommends

text: a

text: whole

text: plant

text: food

text: diet

text: and

text: recommends

text: using

text: protein

text: only

text: as

text: a

text: condiment

text: with

text: meals

text: A

text: National

text: Geographic

text: cover

text: article

text: from

text: November

text: entitled

text: The

text: Secrets

text: of

text: Living

text: Longer

text: also

text: recommends

text: a

text: whole

text: plant

text: food

text: diet

text: The

text: article

text: is

text: a

text: lifestyle

text: survey

text: of

text: three

text: populations

text: Sardinians

text: Okinawans

text: and

text: Adventists

text: who

text: generally

text: display

text: longevity

text: and

text: suffer

text: a

text: fraction

text: of

text: the

text: diseases

text: that

text: commonly

text: kill

text: people

text: in

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: developed

text: world

text: and

text: enjoy

text: more

text: healthy

text: years

text: of

text: life

text: In

text: sum

text: they

text: offer

text: three

text: sets

text: of

text: best

text: practices

text: to

text: emulate

text: The

text: rest

text: is

text: up

text: to

text: you

text: In

text: common

text: with

text: all

text: three

text: groups

text: is

text: to

text: Eat

text: fruits

text: vegetables

text: and

text: whole

text: grains

question: Who released a guideline that recommends that people follow a whole plant food diet?

answer: United Healthcare/Pacificare

text: United Healthcare/Pacificare

question: Which magazine also recommended that people follow a whole plant food diet?

answer: National Geographic

text: National Geographic

question: In which year was there a cover article on the National Geographic regarding diet recommendations?

answer: 2005

question: How many populations were studied and surveyed for the cover article?

answer: three

text: three

question: Other than fruits and vegetables, what other product was highly recommended to be a part of a healthy diet?

answer: whole grains

text: whole grains


text: From his diagrams of a small number of particles interacting in spacetime, Feynman could then model all of physics in terms of the spins of those particles and the range of coupling of the fundamental forces. Feynman attempted an explanation of the strong interactions governing nucleons scattering called the parton model. The parton model emerged as a complement to the quark model developed by his Caltech colleague Murray Gell-Mann. The relationship between the two models was murky; Gell-Mann referred to Feynman's partons derisively as "put-ons". In the mid-1960s, physicists believed that quarks were just a bookkeeping device for symmetry numbers, not real particles, as the statistics of the Omega-minus particle, if it were interpreted as three identical strange quarks bound together, seemed impossible if quarks were real. The Stanford linear accelerator deep inelastic scattering experiments of the late 1960s showed, analogously to Ernest Rutherford's experiment of scattering alpha particles on gold nuclei in 1911, that nucleons (protons and neutrons) contained point-like particles that scattered electrons. It was natural to identify these with quarks, but Feynman's parton model attempted to interpret the experimental data in a way that did not introduce additional hypotheses. For example, the data showed that some 45% of the energy momentum was carried by electrically-neutral particles in the nucleon. These electrically-neutral particles are now seen to be the gluons that carry the forces between the quarks and carry also the three-valued color quantum number that solves the Omega-minus problem. Feynman did not dispute the quark model; for example, when the fifth quark was discovered in 1977, Feynman immediately pointed out to his students that the discovery implied the existence of a sixth quark, which was discovered in the decade after his death.

title: Richard_Feynman

title: Richard_Feynman

text: From

text: his

text: diagrams

text: of

text: a

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: particles

text: interacting

text: in

text: spacetime

text: Feynman

text: could

text: then

text: model

text: all

text: of

text: physics

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: spins

text: of

text: those

text: particles

text: and

text: the

text: range

text: of

text: coupling

text: of

text: the

text: fundamental

text: forces

text: Feynman

text: attempted

text: an

text: explanation

text: of

text: the

text: strong

text: interactions

text: governing

text: nucleons

text: scattering

text: called

text: the

text: parton

text: model

text: The

text: parton

text: model

text: emerged

text: as

text: a

text: complement

text: to

text: the

text: quark

text: model

text: developed

text: by

text: his

text: Caltech

text: colleague

text: Murray

text: Gell

text: Mann

text: The

text: relationship

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: models

text: was

text: murky

text: Gell

text: Mann

text: referred

text: to

text: Feynman

text: 's

text: partons

text: derisively

text: as

text: put

text: ons

text: In

text: the

text: physicists

text: believed

text: that

text: quarks

text: were

text: just

text: a

text: bookkeeping

text: device

text: for

text: symmetry

text: numbers

text: not

text: real

text: particles

text: as

text: the

text: statistics

text: of

text: the

text: Omega

text: minus

text: particle

text: if

text: it

text: were

text: interpreted

text: as

text: three

text: identical

text: strange

text: quarks

text: bound

text: together

text: seemed

text: impossible

text: if

text: quarks

text: were

text: real

text: The

text: Stanford

text: linear

text: accelerator

text: deep

text: inelastic

text: scattering

text: experiments

text: of

text: the

text: late

text: showed

text: analogously

text: to

text: Ernest

text: Rutherford

text: 's

text: experiment

text: of

text: scattering

text: alpha

text: particles

text: on

text: gold

text: nuclei

text: in

text: that

text: nucleons

text: protons

text: and

text: neutrons

text: contained

text: point

text: like

text: particles

text: that

text: scattered

text: electrons

text: It

text: was

text: natural

text: to

text: identify

text: these

text: with

text: quarks

text: but

text: Feynman

text: 's

text: parton

text: model

text: attempted

text: to

text: interpret

text: the

text: experimental

text: data

text: in

text: a

text: way

text: that

text: did

text: not

text: introduce

text: additional

text: hypotheses

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: data

text: showed

text: that

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: energy

text: momentum

text: was

text: carried

text: by

text: electrically

text: neutral

text: particles

text: in

text: the

text: nucleon

text: These

text: electrically

text: neutral

text: particles

text: are

text: now

text: seen

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: gluons

text: that

text: carry

text: the

text: forces

text: between

text: the

text: quarks

text: and

text: carry

text: also

text: the

text: three

text: valued

text: color

text: quantum

text: number

text: that

text: solves

text: the

text: Omega

text: minus

text: problem

text: Feynman

text: did

text: not

text: dispute

text: the

text: quark

text: model

text: for

text: example

text: when

text: the

text: fifth

text: quark

text: was

text: discovered

text: in

text: Feynman

text: immediately

text: pointed

text: out

text: to

text: his

text: students

text: that

text: the

text: discovery

text: implied

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: a

text: sixth

text: quark

text: which

text: was

text: discovered

text: in

text: the

text: decade

text: after

text: his

text: death

question: What model did Murray Gell-Mann develop?

answer: quark model

text: quark model

question: What model did Feynman produce to complement the quark model?

answer: parton model

text: parton model

question: Quarks were thought of as what in the 1960s?

answer: not real particles

text: not real particles

question: Which scientist experimented with blasting alpha particles at the nuclei of gold?

answer: Ernest Rutherford

text: Ernest Rutherford

question: After the fifth quark was discovered, Feynman said what had to also exist?

answer: sixth quark

text: sixth quark

question: What model did Murray Gell-Mann oppose?

text: quark model

question: What model did Feynman produce to go against the quark model?

text: parton model

question: What were quarks thought of in the 1990s?

text: not real particles

question: Which scientist experimented with blasting alpha particles at the nuclei of silver?

text: Ernest Rutherford

question: What was discovered after the seventh quark?

text: sixth quark


text: The word ale comes from Old English ealu (plural ealoþ), in turn from Proto-Germanic *alu (plural *aluþ), ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European base *h₂elut-, which holds connotations of "sorcery, magic, possession, intoxication". The word beer comes from Old English bēor, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą, probably from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeusóm, originally "brewer's yeast, beer dregs", although other theories have been provided connecting the word with Old English bēow, "barley", or Latin bibere, "to drink". On the currency of two words for the same thing in the Germanic languages, the 12th-century Old Icelandic poem Alvíssmál says, "Ale it is called among men, but among the gods, beer."

title: Beer

title: Beer

text: The

text: word

text: ale

text: comes

text: from

text: Old

text: English

text: ealu

text: plural

text: ealoþ

text: in

text: turn

text: from

text: Proto

text: Germanic

text: alu

text: plural

text: aluþ

text: ultimately

text: from

text: the

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: European

text: base

text: which

text: holds

text: connotations

text: of

text: sorcery

text: magic

text: possession

text: intoxication

text: The

text: word

text: beer

text: comes

text: from

text: Old

text: English

text: bēor

text: from

text: Proto

text: Germanic

text: beuzą

text: probably

text: from

text: Proto

text: Indo

text: European

text: bʰeusóm

text: originally

text: brewer

text: 's

text: yeast

text: beer

text: dregs

text: although

text: other

text: theories

text: have

text: been

text: provided

text: connecting

text: the

text: word

text: with

text: Old

text: English

text: bēow

text: barley

text: or

text: Latin

text: bibere

text: to

text: drink

text: On

text: the

text: currency

text: of

text: two

text: words

text: for

text: the

text: same

text: thing

text: in

text: the

text: Germanic

text: languages

text: the

text: century

text: Old

text: Icelandic

text: poem

text: Alvíssmál

text: says

text: Ale

text: it

text: is

text: called

text: among

text: men

text: but

text: among

text: the

text: gods

text: beer

question: What is the origin of the word ale?

answer: Old English ealu

text: Old English ealu

question: What is the origin of the word beer?

answer: Old English bēor

text: Old English bēor

question: What word means to drink in Latin?

answer: bibere

text: bibere

question: What 12th century poet once wrote "Ale it is called among men, but among the gods, beer."?

answer: Alvíssmál

text: Alvíssmál

question: What is the plural of the word ale?

text: ealoþ

question: What does the word alu hold connotations of?

question: What does the 12th-Century Old Germanic poem Alvissmal say?

question: What is the Latin word for barley?

text: bibere


text: The company aims to reduce its external environmental impact through energy-efficient evolution of products, and also reduce its direct operational impact through energy-efficiency programs. Internal energy-efficiency programs reportedly save the company more than $3 million annually in energy-cost savings. The largest component of the company's internal energy-efficiency savings comes through PC power management: the company expects to save $1.8 million in energy costs through using specialized energy-management software on a network of 50,000 PCs.

title: Dell

title: Dell

text: The

text: company

text: aims

text: to

text: reduce

text: its

text: external

text: environmental

text: impact

text: through

text: energy

text: efficient

text: evolution

text: of

text: products

text: and

text: also

text: reduce

text: its

text: direct

text: operational

text: impact

text: through

text: energy

text: efficiency

text: programs

text: Internal

text: energy

text: efficiency

text: programs

text: reportedly

text: save

text: the

text: company

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: annually

text: in

text: energy

text: cost

text: savings

text: The

text: largest

text: component

text: of

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: internal

text: energy

text: efficiency

text: savings

text: comes

text: through

text: PC

text: power

text: management

text: the

text: company

text: expects

text: to

text: save

text: million

text: in

text: energy

text: costs

text: through

text: using

text: specialized

text: energy

text: management

text: software

text: on

text: a

text: network

text: of

text: PCs

question: What does Dell aim to reduce by creating energy efficient products?

answer: external environmental impact

text: external environmental impact

question: How much does energy efficiency save Dell per year?

answer: $3 million

text: $3 million

question: What is the largest contributor to Dell's energy efficiency savings?

answer: PC power management

text: PC power management

question: How many PCs does Dell employ energy management software on?

answer: 50,000

question: What does Dell aim to increase by creating energy efficient products?

text: external environmental impact

question: What doesn't Dell aim to reduce by creating energy efficient products?

text: external environmental impact

question: How much does energy efficiency save Dell per month?

text: $3 million

question: What is the smallest contributor to Dell's energy efficiency savings?

text: PC power management

question: How many PCs does Dell employ energy management hardware on?


text: In the north Eristov pushed southwest, fought two battles, forced the Turks back to Batum, retired behind the Cholok River and suspended action for the rest of the year (June). In the far south Wrangel pushed west, fought a battle and occupied Bayazit. In the center the main forces stood at Kars and Gyumri. Both slowly approached along the Kars-Gyumri road and faced each other, neither side choosing to fight (June–July). On 4 August Russian scouts saw a movement which they thought was the start of a withdrawal, the Russians advanced and the Turks attacked first. They were defeated, losing 8000 men to the Russian 3000. 10000 irregulars deserted to their villages. Both sides withdrew to their former positions. About this time the Persians made a semi-secret agreement to remain neutral in exchange for the cancellation of the indemnity from the previous war.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: In

text: the

text: north

text: Eristov

text: pushed

text: southwest

text: fought

text: two

text: battles

text: forced

text: the

text: Turks

text: back

text: to

text: Batum

text: retired

text: behind

text: the

text: Cholok

text: River

text: and

text: suspended

text: action

text: for

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: June

text: In

text: the

text: far

text: south

text: Wrangel

text: pushed

text: west

text: fought

text: a

text: battle

text: and

text: occupied

text: Bayazit

text: In

text: the

text: center

text: the

text: main

text: forces

text: stood

text: at

text: Kars

text: and

text: Gyumri

text: Both

text: slowly

text: approached

text: along

text: the

text: Kars

text: Gyumri

text: road

text: and

text: faced

text: each

text: other

text: neither

text: side

text: choosing

text: to

text: fight

text: June

text: July

text: On

text: August

text: Russian

text: scouts

text: saw

text: a

text: movement

text: which

text: they

text: thought

text: was

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: a

text: withdrawal

text: the

text: Russians

text: advanced

text: and

text: the

text: Turks

text: attacked

text: first

text: They

text: were

text: defeated

text: losing

text: men

text: to

text: the

text: Russian

text: irregulars

text: deserted

text: to

text: their

text: villages

text: Both

text: sides

text: withdrew

text: to

text: their

text: former

text: positions

text: About

text: this

text: time

text: the

text: Persians

text: made

text: a

text: semi

text: secret

text: agreement

text: to

text: remain

text: neutral

text: in

text: exchange

text: for

text: the

text: cancellation

text: of

text: the

text: indemnity

text: from

text: the

text: previous

text: war

question: Who make the Turks retreat back to Batum?

answer: Eristov

text: Eristov

question: Who occupied Bayazit?

answer: Wrangel

text: Wrangel

question: Where did the main forces stand?

answer: Kars and Gyumri

text: Kars and Gyumri

question: On August 4th, who thought the other side was withdrawing?

answer: the Russians

text: the Russians

question: Who made a secret agreement to remain neutral?

answer: the Persians

text: the Persians


text: In mid-1944 Japan mobilized over 500,000 men  and launched a massive operation across China under the code name Operation Ichi-Go, their largest offensive of World War II, with the goal of connecting Japanese-controlled territory in China and French Indochina and capturing airbases in southeastern China where American bombers were based. During this time, many of the newest American-trained Chinese units and supplies were forcibly locked in the Burmese theater under Joseph Stilwell set by terms of the Lend-Lease Agreement. Though Japan suffered about 100,000 casualties, these attacks, the biggest in several years, gained much ground for Japan before Chinese forces stopped the incursions in Guangxi. Despite major tactical victories, the operation overall failed to provide Japan with any significant strategic gains. A great majority of the Chinese forces were able to retreat out of the area, and later come back to attack Japanese positions such as Battle of West Hunan. Japan was not any closer in defeating China after this operation, and the constant defeats the Japanese suffered in the Pacific meant that Japan never got the time and resources needed to achieve final victory over China. Operation Ichi-go created a great sense of social confusion in the areas of China that it affected. Chinese Communist guerrillas were able to exploit this confusion to gain influence and control of greater areas of the countryside in the aftermath of Ichi-go.

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: In

text: Japan

text: mobilized

text: over

text: men

text: and

text: launched

text: a

text: massive

text: operation

text: across

text: China

text: under

text: the

text: code

text: name

text: Operation

text: Ichi

text: Go

text: their

text: largest

text: offensive

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: with

text: the

text: goal

text: of

text: connecting

text: Japanese

text: controlled

text: territory

text: in

text: China

text: and

text: French

text: Indochina

text: and

text: capturing

text: airbases

text: in

text: southeastern

text: China

text: where

text: American

text: bombers

text: were

text: based

text: During

text: this

text: time

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: newest

text: American

text: trained

text: Chinese

text: units

text: and

text: supplies

text: were

text: forcibly

text: locked

text: in

text: the

text: Burmese

text: theater

text: under

text: Joseph

text: Stilwell

text: set

text: by

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: Lend

text: Lease

text: Agreement

text: Though

text: Japan

text: suffered

text: about

text: casualties

text: these

text: attacks

text: the

text: biggest

text: in

text: several

text: years

text: gained

text: much

text: ground

text: for

text: Japan

text: before

text: Chinese

text: forces

text: stopped

text: the

text: incursions

text: in

text: Guangxi

text: Despite

text: major

text: tactical

text: victories

text: the

text: operation

text: overall

text: failed

text: to

text: provide

text: Japan

text: with

text: any

text: significant

text: strategic

text: gains

text: A

text: great

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: Chinese

text: forces

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: retreat

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: area

text: and

text: later

text: come

text: back

text: to

text: attack

text: Japanese

text: positions

text: such

text: as

text: Battle

text: of

text: West

text: Hunan

text: Japan

text: was

text: not

text: any

text: closer

text: in

text: defeating

text: China

text: after

text: this

text: operation

text: and

text: the

text: constant

text: defeats

text: the

text: Japanese

text: suffered

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: meant

text: that

text: Japan

text: never

text: got

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: resources

text: needed

text: to

text: achieve

text: final

text: victory

text: over

text: China

text: Operation

text: Ichi

text: go

text: created

text: a

text: great

text: sense

text: of

text: social

text: confusion

text: in

text: the

text: areas

text: of

text: China

text: that

text: it

text: affected

text: Chinese

text: Communist

text: guerrillas

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: exploit

text: this

text: confusion

text: to

text: gain

text: influence

text: and

text: control

text: of

text: greater

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: countryside

text: in

text: the

text: aftermath

text: of

text: Ichi

text: go

question: What was the code name for the mid-1944 offensive across China?

answer: Operation Ichi-Go

text: Operation Ichi-Go

question: What was the largest Japanese offensive in World War II?

answer: Operation Ichi-Go

text: Operation Ichi-Go

question: Where did the Chinese stop the Operation Ichi-Go incursion?

answer: Guangxi

text: Guangxi

question: Who was able to take advantage of the social confusion created by Operation Ichi-Go?

answer: Chinese Communist guerrillas

text: Chinese Communist guerrillas

question: How many casualties did the Japanese suffer during Operation Ichi-Go?

answer: about 100,000

text: about 100,000


text: One of the oldest observatories in South America is the Quito Astronomical Observatory. Founded in 1873 and located 12 minutes south of the Equator in Quito, Ecuador. The Quito Astronomical Observatory is the National Observatory of Ecuador and is located in the Historic Center of Quito and is managed by the National Polytechnic School.

title: Institute_of_technology

title: Institute_of_technology

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: observatories

text: in

text: South

text: America

text: is

text: the

text: Quito

text: Astronomical

text: Observatory

text: Founded

text: in

text: and

text: located

text: minutes

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Equator

text: in

text: Quito

text: Ecuador

text: The

text: Quito

text: Astronomical

text: Observatory

text: is

text: the

text: National

text: Observatory

text: of

text: Ecuador

text: and

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Historic

text: Center

text: of

text: Quito

text: and

text: is

text: managed

text: by

text: the

text: National

text: Polytechnic

text: School

question: What observatory is the National Observatory of Ecuador?

answer: Quito Astronomical Observatory

text: Quito Astronomical Observatory

question: What school oversees the Quito Astronomical Observatory?

answer: National Polytechnic School

text: National Polytechnic School

question: When was the Quito Astronomical Observatory founded?

answer: 1873


text: In most taxonomies, the flowering plants are treated as a coherent group. The most popular descriptive name has been Angiospermae (Angiosperms), with Anthophyta ("flowering plants") a second choice. These names are not linked to any rank. The Wettstein system and the Engler system use the name Angiospermae, at the assigned rank of subdivision. The Reveal system treated flowering plants as subdivision Magnoliophytina (Frohne & U. Jensen ex Reveal, Phytologia 79: 70 1996), but later split it to Magnoliopsida, Liliopsida, and Rosopsida. The Takhtajan system and Cronquist system treat this group at the rank of division, leading to the name Magnoliophyta (from the family name Magnoliaceae). The Dahlgren system and Thorne system (1992) treat this group at the rank of class, leading to the name Magnoliopsida. The APG system of 1998, and the later 2003 and 2009 revisions, treat the flowering plants as a clade called angiosperms without a formal botanical name. However, a formal classification was published alongside the 2009 revision in which the flowering plants form the Subclass Magnoliidae.

title: Flowering_plant

title: Flowering_plant

text: In

text: most

text: taxonomies

text: the

text: flowering

text: plants

text: are

text: treated

text: as

text: a

text: coherent

text: group

text: The

text: most

text: popular

text: descriptive

text: name

text: has

text: been

text: Angiospermae

text: Angiosperms

text: with

text: Anthophyta

text: flowering

text: plants

text: a

text: second

text: choice

text: These

text: names

text: are

text: not

text: linked

text: to

text: any

text: rank

text: The

text: Wettstein

text: system

text: and

text: the

text: Engler

text: system

text: use

text: the

text: name

text: Angiospermae

text: at

text: the

text: assigned

text: rank

text: of

text: subdivision

text: The

text: Reveal

text: system

text: treated

text: flowering

text: plants

text: as

text: subdivision

text: Magnoliophytina

text: Frohne

text: U.

text: Jensen

text: ex

text: Reveal

text: Phytologia

text: but

text: later

text: split

text: it

text: to

text: Magnoliopsida

text: Liliopsida

text: and

text: Rosopsida

text: The

text: Takhtajan

text: system

text: and

text: Cronquist

text: system

text: treat

text: this

text: group

text: at

text: the

text: rank

text: of

text: division

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: name

text: Magnoliophyta

text: from

text: the

text: family

text: name

text: Magnoliaceae

text: The

text: Dahlgren

text: system

text: and

text: Thorne

text: system

text: treat

text: this

text: group

text: at

text: the

text: rank

text: of

text: class

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: name

text: Magnoliopsida

text: The

text: APG

text: system

text: of

text: and

text: the

text: later

text: and

text: revisions

text: treat

text: the

text: flowering

text: plants

text: as

text: a

text: clade

text: called

text: angiosperms

text: without

text: a

text: formal

text: botanical

text: name

text: However

text: a

text: formal

text: classification

text: was

text: published

text: alongside

text: the

text: revision

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: flowering

text: plants

text: form

text: the

text: Subclass

text: Magnoliidae

question: In taxonomies, what type of group are flowering plants treated?

answer: coherent

text: coherent

question: What does anthophyta mean?

answer: flowering plants

text: flowering plants

question: What do the Wettstein and Engler systems use at the assigned rank of subdivision?

answer: Angiospermae

text: Angiospermae

question: How does the APG system of 1998, with its 2003 and 2009 revisions, treat flowering plants?

answer: a clade called angiosperms

text: a clade called angiosperms

question: What formal subclass classification were flowering plants given in 2009?

answer: Magnoliidae

text: Magnoliidae

question: What are coherent groups not linked to?

text: any rank

question: What do Anthophyta and Magnoliophytina use as the assigned rank of subdivision?

text: Angiospermae

question: How does the APG system of 1996 treat flowering plants?

question: What taxonomy was published alongside the 2003 revision?

text: a formal classification

question: What does Magnoliophytina mean?

text: ("flowering plants")


text: Bird eggs are usually laid in a nest. Most species create somewhat elaborate nests, which can be cups, domes, plates, beds scrapes, mounds, or burrows. Some bird nests, however, are extremely primitive; albatross nests are no more than a scrape on the ground. Most birds build nests in sheltered, hidden areas to avoid predation, but large or colonial birds—which are more capable of defence—may build more open nests. During nest construction, some species seek out plant matter from plants with parasite-reducing toxins to improve chick survival, and feathers are often used for nest insulation. Some bird species have no nests; the cliff-nesting common guillemot lays its eggs on bare rock, and male emperor penguins keep eggs between their body and feet. The absence of nests is especially prevalent in ground-nesting species where the newly hatched young are precocial.

title: Bird

title: Bird

text: Bird

text: eggs

text: are

text: usually

text: laid

text: in

text: a

text: nest

text: Most

text: species

text: create

text: somewhat

text: elaborate

text: nests

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: cups

text: domes

text: plates

text: beds

text: scrapes

text: mounds

text: or

text: burrows

text: Some

text: bird

text: nests

text: however

text: are

text: extremely

text: primitive

text: albatross

text: nests

text: are

text: no

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: scrape

text: on

text: the

text: ground

text: Most

text: birds

text: build

text: nests

text: in

text: sheltered

text: hidden

text: areas

text: to

text: avoid

text: predation

text: but

text: large

text: or

text: colonial

text: birds

text: which

text: are

text: more

text: capable

text: of

text: defence

text: may

text: build

text: more

text: open

text: nests

text: During

text: nest

text: construction

text: some

text: species

text: seek

text: out

text: plant

text: matter

text: from

text: plants

text: with

text: parasite

text: reducing

text: toxins

text: to

text: improve

text: chick

text: survival

text: and

text: feathers

text: are

text: often

text: used

text: for

text: nest

text: insulation

text: Some

text: bird

text: species

text: have

text: no

text: nests

text: the

text: cliff

text: nesting

text: common

text: guillemot

text: lays

text: its

text: eggs

text: on

text: bare

text: rock

text: and

text: male

text: emperor

text: penguins

text: keep

text: eggs

text: between

text: their

text: body

text: and

text: feet

text: The

text: absence

text: of

text: nests

text: is

text: especially

text: prevalent

text: in

text: ground

text: nesting

text: species

text: where

text: the

text: newly

text: hatched

text: young

text: are

text: precocial

question: Where do birds usually lay their eggs?

answer: nest

text: nest

question: What type of birds lay its eggs on bare rock?

answer: cliff-nesting common guillemot

text: cliff-nesting common guillemot

question: Where do male emporer penguins keep eggs?

answer: between their body and feet

text: between their body and feet

question: Which type of bird nests are no more than a scrape on the ground?

answer: albatross

text: albatross


text: The highest peaks of the Western Alps and Eastern Alps, respectively, are Mont Blanc, at 4,810 m (15,780 ft) and Piz Bernina at 4,049 metres (13,284 ft). The second-highest major peaks are Monte Rosa at 4,634 m (15,200 ft) and Ortler at 3,905 m (12,810 ft), respectively

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: The

text: highest

text: peaks

text: of

text: the

text: Western

text: Alps

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Alps

text: respectively

text: are

text: Mont

text: Blanc

text: at

text: m

text: ft

text: and

text: Piz

text: Bernina

text: at

text: metres

text: ft

text: The

text: second

text: highest

text: major

text: peaks

text: are

text: Monte

text: Rosa

text: at

text: m

text: ft

text: and

text: Ortler

text: at

text: m

text: ft

text: respectively

question: The highest peak of the Western Alps is where?

answer: Mont Blanc

text: Mont Blanc

question: How tall is the peak at Mont Blanc?

answer: 4,810 m

text: 4,810 m

question: The highest peak of the Eastern Alps is where?

answer: Piz Bernina

text: Piz Bernina

question: How tall is the peak of Piz Bernina

answer: 4,049 metres

text: 4,049 metres


text: In classical Greece, Anaxagoras asserted that a divine reason (mind) gave order to the seeds of the universe, and Plato extended the Greek belief of ideal forms to his metaphysical theory of forms (ideai, "ideas"). The forms on earth are imperfect duplicates of the intellectual celestial ideas. The Greek words oida (οἶδα, "(I) know") and eidos (εἶδος, "species") have the same root as the word idea (ἰδέα), indicating how the Greek mind moved from the gift of the senses, to the principles beyond the senses. The artists in Plato's time moved away from his theories and art tends to be a mixture of naturalism with stylization. The Greek sculptors considered the senses more important, and the proportions were used to unite the sensible with the intellectual.

title: Apollo

title: Apollo

text: In

text: classical

text: Greece

text: Anaxagoras

text: asserted

text: that

text: a

text: divine

text: reason

text: mind

text: gave

text: order

text: to

text: the

text: seeds

text: of

text: the

text: universe

text: and

text: Plato

text: extended

text: the

text: Greek

text: belief

text: of

text: ideal

text: forms

text: to

text: his

text: metaphysical

text: theory

text: of

text: forms

text: ideai

text: ideas

text: The

text: forms

text: on

text: earth

text: are

text: imperfect

text: duplicates

text: of

text: the

text: intellectual

text: celestial

text: ideas

text: The

text: Greek

text: words

text: oida

text: οἶδα

text: I

text: know

text: and

text: eidos

text: εἶδος

text: species

text: have

text: the

text: same

text: root

text: as

text: the

text: word

text: idea

text: ἰδέα

text: indicating

text: how

text: the

text: Greek

text: mind

text: moved

text: from

text: the

text: gift

text: of

text: the

text: senses

text: to

text: the

text: principles

text: beyond

text: the

text: senses

text: The

text: artists

text: in

text: Plato

text: 's

text: time

text: moved

text: away

text: from

text: his

text: theories

text: and

text: art

text: tends

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: mixture

text: of

text: naturalism

text: with

text: stylization

text: The

text: Greek

text: sculptors

text: considered

text: the

text: senses

text: more

text: important

text: and

text: the

text: proportions

text: were

text: used

text: to

text: unite

text: the

text: sensible

text: with

text: the

text: intellectual

question: Who asserted that a divine reason gave order to the seeds of the universe?

answer: Anaxagoras

text: Anaxagoras

question: Who extended the Greek beilef of idea forms to his metaphysical theory of forms?

answer: Plato

text: Plato

question: What is one Greek word that has the same root as the word idea?

answer: eidos

text: eidos


text: In London Chopin took lodgings at Dover Street, where the firm of Broadwood provided him with a grand piano. At his first engagement, on 15 May at Stafford House, the audience included Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The Prince, who was himself a talented musician, moved close to the keyboard to view Chopin's technique. Broadwood also arranged concerts for him; among those attending were Thackeray and the singer Jenny Lind. Chopin was also sought after for piano lessons, for which he charged the high fee of one guinea (£1.05 in present British currency) per hour, and for private recitals for which the fee was 20 guineas. At a concert on 7 July he shared the platform with Viardot, who sang arrangements of some of his mazurkas to Spanish texts.

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: In

text: London

text: Chopin

text: took

text: lodgings

text: at

text: Dover

text: Street

text: where

text: the

text: firm

text: of

text: Broadwood

text: provided

text: him

text: with

text: a

text: grand

text: piano

text: At

text: his

text: first

text: engagement

text: on

text: May

text: at

text: Stafford

text: House

text: the

text: audience

text: included

text: Queen

text: Victoria

text: and

text: Prince

text: Albert

text: The

text: Prince

text: who

text: was

text: himself

text: a

text: talented

text: musician

text: moved

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: keyboard

text: to

text: view

text: Chopin

text: 's

text: technique

text: Broadwood

text: also

text: arranged

text: concerts

text: for

text: him

text: among

text: those

text: attending

text: were

text: Thackeray

text: and

text: the

text: singer

text: Jenny

text: Lind

text: Chopin

text: was

text: also

text: sought

text: after

text: for

text: piano

text: lessons

text: for

text: which

text: he

text: charged

text: the

text: high

text: fee

text: of

text: one

text: guinea

text: in

text: present

text: British

text: currency

text: per

text: hour

text: and

text: for

text: private

text: recitals

text: for

text: which

text: the

text: fee

text: was

text: guineas

text: At

text: a

text: concert

text: on

text: July

text: he

text: shared

text: the

text: platform

text: with

text: Viardot

text: who

text: sang

text: arrangements

text: of

text: some

text: of

text: his

text: mazurkas

text: to

text: Spanish

text: texts

question: Where did Chopin stay while in London?

answer: Dover Street

text: Dover Street

question: What company provided Chopin with a piano while in London?

answer: Broadwood

text: Broadwood

question: Where was Chopin's initial performance?

answer: Stafford House

text: Stafford House

question: What two notable guests were present during his premiere performance at Stafford House?

answer: Queen Victoria and Prince Albert

text: Queen Victoria and Prince Albert

question: What date did he perform with Viardot?

answer: 7 July

text: 7 July

question: What steet did Chopin stay on in London?

answer: Dover Street

text: Dover Street

question: What did Broadway provide for Chopin?

answer: a grand piano.

text: a grand piano.

question: What two dignitaries where at his first performance in London?

answer: Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.

text: Queen Victoria and Prince Albert.

question: In addition to hearing him play, what else did people seek from Chopin in London?

answer: piano lessons

text: piano lessons

question: Who sang chopin arrangements on July 7 of the year Chopin was in London?

answer: Viardot

text: Viardot


text: General Frossard's II Corps and Marshal Bazaine's III Corps crossed the German border on 2 August, and began to force the Prussian 40th Regiment of the 16th Infantry Division from the town of Saarbrücken with a series of direct attacks. The Chassepot rifle proved its worth against the Dreyse rifle, with French riflemen regularly outdistancing their Prussian counterparts in the skirmishing around Saarbrücken. However the Prussians resisted strongly, and the French suffered 86 casualties to the Prussian 83 casualties. Saarbrücken also proved to be a major obstacle in terms of logistics. Only one railway there led to the German hinterland but could be easily defended by a single force, and the only river systems in the region ran along the border instead of inland. While the French hailed the invasion as the first step towards the Rhineland and later Berlin, General Le Bœuf and Napoleon III were receiving alarming reports from foreign news sources of Prussian and Bavarian armies massing to the southeast in addition to the forces to the north and northeast.

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: General

text: Frossard

text: 's

text: II

text: Corps

text: and

text: Marshal

text: Bazaine

text: 's

text: III

text: Corps

text: crossed

text: the

text: German

text: border

text: on

text: August

text: and

text: began

text: to

text: force

text: the

text: Prussian

text: Regiment

text: of

text: the

text: Infantry

text: Division

text: from

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Saarbrücken

text: with

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: direct

text: attacks

text: The

text: Chassepot

text: rifle

text: proved

text: its

text: worth

text: against

text: the

text: Dreyse

text: rifle

text: with

text: French

text: riflemen

text: regularly

text: outdistancing

text: their

text: Prussian

text: counterparts

text: in

text: the

text: skirmishing

text: around

text: Saarbrücken

text: However

text: the

text: Prussians

text: resisted

text: strongly

text: and

text: the

text: French

text: suffered

text: casualties

text: to

text: the

text: Prussian

text: casualties

text: Saarbrücken

text: also

text: proved

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: major

text: obstacle

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: logistics

text: Only

text: one

text: railway

text: there

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: German

text: hinterland

text: but

text: could

text: be

text: easily

text: defended

text: by

text: a

text: single

text: force

text: and

text: the

text: only

text: river

text: systems

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: ran

text: along

text: the

text: border

text: instead

text: of

text: inland

text: While

text: the

text: French

text: hailed

text: the

text: invasion

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: step

text: towards

text: the

text: Rhineland

text: and

text: later

text: Berlin

text: General

text: Le

text: Bœuf

text: and

text: Napoleon

text: III

text: were

text: receiving

text: alarming

text: reports

text: from

text: foreign

text: news

text: sources

text: of

text: Prussian

text: and

text: Bavarian

text: armies

text: massing

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: forces

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: northeast

question: On which date did Frossard's and Bazaines's troops cross the German border?

answer: 2 August

text: 2 August

question: Which regiment did their respective corps force from the town of Saarbrucken?

answer: the Prussian 40th Regiment of the 16th Infantry Division

text: the Prussian 40th Regiment of the 16th Infantry Division

question: What proved its worth against the Dreyse rifle?

answer: The Chassepot rifle

text: The Chassepot rifle

question: How many casualties did the French suffer at Saarbrucken?

answer: 86 casualties

text: 86 casualties

question: How many casualties did the Prussians suffer at Saarbrucken?

answer: 83 casualties

text: 83 casualties


text: Little is known about the bacteria that degrade cellulose. Symbiotic bacteria in Xylophaga may play a role in the degradation of sunken wood; while bacteria such as Alphaproteobacteria, Flavobacteria, Actinobacteria, Clostridia, and Bacteroidetes have been detected in wood submerged over a year.

title: Wood

title: Wood

text: Little

text: is

text: known

text: about

text: the

text: bacteria

text: that

text: degrade

text: cellulose

text: Symbiotic

text: bacteria

text: in

text: Xylophaga

text: may

text: play

text: a

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: degradation

text: of

text: sunken

text: wood

text: while

text: bacteria

text: such

text: as

text: Alphaproteobacteria

text: Flavobacteria

text: Actinobacteria

text: Clostridia

text: and

text: Bacteroidetes

text: have

text: been

text: detected

text: in

text: wood

text: submerged

text: over

text: a

text: year

question: What component of wood is degraded by bacteria that scientists are still trying to learn about?

answer: cellulose

text: cellulose

question: What type of bacteria are present in Xylophaga?

answer: Symbiotic

text: Symbiotic

question: What type of wood is it possible the bacteria in Xylophaga help break down?

answer: sunken

text: sunken

question: How long was the wood submerged in water in the study that discovered the types of bacteria in it?

answer: over a year

text: over a year

question: What bacteria starting with the letter "F" were found in wood after it was underwater for more than a year?

answer: Flavobacteria

text: Flavobacteria


text: Chopin's études are largely in straightforward ternary form. He used them to teach his own technique of piano playing—for instance playing double thirds (Op. 25, No. 6), playing in octaves (Op. 25, No. 10), and playing repeated notes (Op. 10, No.  7).

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: Chopin

text: 's

text: études

text: are

text: largely

text: in

text: straightforward

text: ternary

text: form

text: He

text: used

text: them

text: to

text: teach

text: his

text: own

text: technique

text: of

text: piano

text: playing

text: for

text: instance

text: playing

text: double

text: thirds

text: Op

text: No

text: playing

text: in

text: octaves

text: Op

text: No

text: and

text: playing

text: repeated

text: notes

text: Op

text: No

question: What pieces of his did Chopin use to teach his technique?

answer: études

text: études

question: What form are most of Chopin's études in?

answer: straightforward ternary

text: straightforward ternary

question: Chopin often taught his piano technique using what form of music he wrote?

answer: études

text: études


text: Several states have never had capital punishment, the first being Michigan, which abolished it shortly after entering the Union. (However, the United States government executed Tony Chebatoris at the Federal Correctional Institution in Milan, Michigan in 1938.) Article 4, Section 46 of Michigan's fourth Constitution (ratified in 1963; effective in 1964) prohibits any law providing for the penalty of death. Attempts to change the provision have failed. In 2004, a constitutional amendment proposed to allow capital punishment in some circumstances failed to make it on the November ballot after a resolution failed in the legislature and a public initiative failed to gather enough signatures.

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

text: Several

text: states

text: have

text: never

text: had

text: capital

text: punishment

text: the

text: first

text: being

text: Michigan

text: which

text: abolished

text: it

text: shortly

text: after

text: entering

text: the

text: Union

text: However

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: government

text: executed

text: Tony

text: Chebatoris

text: at

text: the

text: Federal

text: Correctional

text: Institution

text: in

text: Milan

text: Michigan

text: in

text: Article

text: Section

text: of

text: Michigan

text: 's

text: fourth

text: Constitution

text: ratified

text: in

text: effective

text: in

text: prohibits

text: any

text: law

text: providing

text: for

text: the

text: penalty

text: of

text: death

text: Attempts

text: to

text: change

text: the

text: provision

text: have

text: failed

text: In

text: a

text: constitutional

text: amendment

text: proposed

text: to

text: allow

text: capital

text: punishment

text: in

text: some

text: circumstances

text: failed

text: to

text: make

text: it

text: on

text: the

text: November

text: ballot

text: after

text: a

text: resolution

text: failed

text: in

text: the

text: legislature

text: and

text: a

text: public

text: initiative

text: failed

text: to

text: gather

text: enough

text: signatures

question: In what year was Tony Chebatoris killed?

answer: 1938

question: When was Michigan's fourth Constitution ratified?

answer: 1963

question: In what city was Tony Chebatoris executed?

answer: Milan

text: Milan

question: In what year was there a failed Michigan constitutional amendment to allow the death penalty?

answer: 2004

question: What article of the fourth Michigan Constitution forbids laws allowing capital punishment?

answer: 4

question: What happened in 1935?

question: When was Michigan's fifth Constitution ratified?

question: In what city was Tony Chebatoris born?

text: Milan

question: In what year was there a successful Michigan constitutional amendment to allow the death penalty?

question: What article of the fourth Michigan Constitution forbids laws disallowing capital punishment?


text: On 25 and 26 April, May and Taylor appeared on the eleventh series of American Idol at the Nokia Theatre, Los Angeles, performing a Queen medley with the six finalists on the first show, and the following day performed "Somebody to Love" with the 'Queen Extravaganza' band. Queen were scheduled to headline Sonisphere at Knebworth on 7 July 2012 with Adam Lambert before the festival was cancelled. Queen's final concert with Freddie Mercury was in Knebworth in 1986. Brian May commented, "It's a worthy challenge for us, and I'm sure Adam would meet with Freddie's approval." Queen expressed disappointment at the cancellation and released a statement to the effect that they were looking to find another venue. It was later announced that Queen + Adam Lambert would play two shows at the Hammersmith Apollo, London on 11 and 12 July 2012. Both shows sold out within 24 hours of tickets going on open sale. A third London date was scheduled for 14 July. On 30 June, Queen + Lambert performed in Kiev, Ukraine at a joint concert with Elton John for the Elena Pinchuk ANTIAIDS Foundation. Queen also performed with Lambert on 3 July 2012 at Moscow's Olympic Stadium, and on 7 July 2012 at the Municipal Stadium in Wroclaw, Poland.

title: Queen_(band)

title: Queen_(band

text: On

text: and

text: April

text: May

text: and

text: Taylor

text: appeared

text: on

text: the

text: eleventh

text: series

text: of

text: American

text: Idol

text: at

text: the

text: Nokia

text: Theatre

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: performing

text: a

text: Queen

text: medley

text: with

text: the

text: six

text: finalists

text: on

text: the

text: first

text: show

text: and

text: the

text: following

text: day

text: performed

text: Somebody

text: to

text: Love

text: with

text: the

text: Queen

text: Extravaganza

text: band

text: Queen

text: were

text: scheduled

text: to

text: headline

text: Sonisphere

text: at

text: Knebworth

text: on

text: July

text: with

text: Adam

text: Lambert

text: before

text: the

text: festival

text: was

text: cancelled

text: Queen

text: 's

text: final

text: concert

text: with

text: Freddie

text: Mercury

text: was

text: in

text: Knebworth

text: in

text: Brian

text: May

text: commented

text: It

text: 's

text: a

text: worthy

text: challenge

text: for

text: us

text: and

text: I

text: 'm

text: sure

text: Adam

text: would

text: meet

text: with

text: Freddie

text: 's

text: approval

text: Queen

text: expressed

text: disappointment

text: at

text: the

text: cancellation

text: and

text: released

text: a

text: statement

text: to

text: the

text: effect

text: that

text: they

text: were

text: looking

text: to

text: find

text: another

text: venue

text: It

text: was

text: later

text: announced

text: that

text: Queen

text: Adam

text: Lambert

text: would

text: play

text: two

text: shows

text: at

text: the

text: Hammersmith

text: Apollo

text: London

text: on

text: and

text: July

text: Both

text: shows

text: sold

text: out

text: within

text: hours

text: of

text: tickets

text: going

text: on

text: open

text: sale

text: A

text: third

text: London

text: date

text: was

text: scheduled

text: for

text: July

text: On

text: June

text: Queen

text: Lambert

text: performed

text: in

text: Kiev

text: Ukraine

text: at

text: a

text: joint

text: concert

text: with

text: Elton

text: John

text: for

text: the

text: Elena

text: Pinchuk

text: ANTIAIDS

text: Foundation

text: Queen

text: also

text: performed

text: with

text: Lambert

text: on

text: July

text: at

text: Moscow

text: 's

text: Olympic

text: Stadium

text: and

text: on

text: July

text: at

text: the

text: Municipal

text: Stadium

text: in

text: Wroclaw

text: Poland

question: Which Queen members were appearing on American Idol in the late 2000s?

answer: May and Taylor

text: May and Taylor

question: Where was Queen's final concert with Freddie Mercury held in 1986?

answer: Knebworth

text: Knebworth

question: Queen and Adam Lambert played two shows where in July 2012?

answer: Hammersmith Apollo, London

text: Hammersmith Apollo, London

question: Elena Pinchuk has what kind of a foundation?

answer: ANTIAIDS Foundation

text: ANTIAIDS Foundation

question: Where did Queen perform with Adam Lambert on 3 July 2012?

answer: Moscow's Olympic Stadium

text: Moscow's Olympic Stadium


text: While LEDs have the advantage over fluorescent lamps that they do not contain mercury, they may contain other hazardous metals such as lead and arsenic. Regarding the toxicity of LEDs when treated as waste, a study published in 2011 stated: "According to federal standards, LEDs are not hazardous except for low-intensity red LEDs, which leached Pb [lead] at levels exceeding regulatory limits (186 mg/L; regulatory limit: 5). However, according to California regulations, excessive levels of copper (up to 3892 mg/kg; limit: 2500), lead (up to 8103 mg/kg; limit: 1000), nickel (up to 4797 mg/kg; limit: 2000), or silver (up to 721 mg/kg; limit: 500) render all except low-intensity yellow LEDs hazardous."

title: Light-emitting_diode

title: Light

title: emitting_diode

text: While

text: LEDs

text: have

text: the

text: advantage

text: over

text: fluorescent

text: lamps

text: that

text: they

text: do

text: not

text: contain

text: mercury

text: they

text: may

text: contain

text: other

text: hazardous

text: metals

text: such

text: as

text: lead

text: and

text: arsenic

text: Regarding

text: the

text: toxicity

text: of

text: LEDs

text: when

text: treated

text: as

text: waste

text: a

text: study

text: published

text: in

text: stated

text: According

text: to

text: federal

text: standards

text: LEDs

text: are

text: not

text: hazardous

text: except

text: for

text: low

text: intensity

text: red

text: LEDs

text: which

text: leached

text: Pb

text: lead

text: at

text: levels

text: exceeding

text: regulatory

text: limits

text: mg

text: L

text: regulatory

text: limit

text: However

text: according

text: to

text: California

text: regulations

text: excessive

text: levels

text: of

text: copper

text: up

text: to

text: mg

text: kg

text: limit

text: lead

text: up

text: to

text: mg

text: kg

text: limit

text: nickel

text: up

text: to

text: mg

text: kg

text: limit

text: or

text: silver

text: up

text: to

text: mg

text: kg

text: limit

text: render

text: all

text: except

text: low

text: intensity

text: yellow

text: LEDs

text: hazardous

question: What substance does fluorescent lamps contain?

answer: mercury

text: mercury

question: What dangerous metal can LEDs contain?

answer: arsenic

text: arsenic

question: Which LEDs are considered dangerous by a 2011 study?

answer: low-intensity red

text: low-intensity red

question: According to a California study, what harmful metal is in most LEDs?

answer: lead

text: lead

question: What LEDs are considered safer than any other?

answer: low-intensity yellow LEDs

text: low-intensity yellow LEDs

question: What substance does non-fluorescent lamps contain?

text: mercury

question: What dangerous metal can non-LEDs contain?

text: low-intensity

question: According to a California study, what harmful metal is in most non-LEDs?

text: lead

question: What LEDs are considered riskier than any other?

text: low-intensity yellow


text: In the Kingdom of Holland, the British launched the Walcheren Campaign to open up a second front in the war and to relieve the pressure on the Austrians. The British army only landed at Walcheren on 30 July, by which point the Austrians had already been defeated. The Walcheren Campaign was characterized by little fighting but heavy casualties thanks to the popularly dubbed "Walcheren Fever." Over 4000 British troops were lost in a bungled campaign, and the rest withdrew in December 1809. The main strategic result from the campaign became the delayed political settlement between the French and the Austrians. Emperor Francis wanted to wait and see how the British performed in their theater before entering into negotiations with Napoleon. Once it became apparent that the British were going nowhere, the Austrians agreed to peace talks.

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: In

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Holland

text: the

text: British

text: launched

text: the

text: Walcheren

text: Campaign

text: to

text: open

text: up

text: a

text: second

text: front

text: in

text: the

text: war

text: and

text: to

text: relieve

text: the

text: pressure

text: on

text: the

text: Austrians

text: The

text: British

text: army

text: only

text: landed

text: at

text: Walcheren

text: on

text: July

text: by

text: which

text: point

text: the

text: Austrians

text: had

text: already

text: been

text: defeated

text: The

text: Walcheren

text: Campaign

text: was

text: characterized

text: by

text: little

text: fighting

text: but

text: heavy

text: casualties

text: thanks

text: to

text: the

text: popularly

text: dubbed

text: Walcheren

text: Fever

text: Over

text: British

text: troops

text: were

text: lost

text: in

text: a

text: bungled

text: campaign

text: and

text: the

text: rest

text: withdrew

text: in

text: December

text: The

text: main

text: strategic

text: result

text: from

text: the

text: campaign

text: became

text: the

text: delayed

text: political

text: settlement

text: between

text: the

text: French

text: and

text: the

text: Austrians

text: Emperor

text: Francis

text: wanted

text: to

text: wait

text: and

text: see

text: how

text: the

text: British

text: performed

text: in

text: their

text: theater

text: before

text: entering

text: into

text: negotiations

text: with

text: Napoleon

text: Once

text: it

text: became

text: apparent

text: that

text: the

text: British

text: were

text: going

text: nowhere

text: the

text: Austrians

text: agreed

text: to

text: peace

text: talks

question: What was the name of the campaign by the British in Holland that created a second front in the war?

answer: the Walcheren Campaign

text: the Walcheren Campaign

question: The Walcheren Campaign was intended to relieve the military pressure on whom?

answer: the Austrians

text: the Austrians

question: On what date did the British army arrive on Walcheren?

answer: 30 July

text: 30 July

question: What was the popular name of the disease that caused many casualties during the Walcheren Campaign?

answer: "Walcheren Fever."

text: "Walcheren Fever."

question: When did the British withdraw from Walcheren?

answer: December 1809

text: December 1809


text: The tradition holds that Virgil was born in the village of Andes, near Mantua in Cisalpine Gaul. Analysis of his name has led to beliefs that he descended from earlier Roman colonists. Modern speculation ultimately is not supported by narrative evidence either from his own writings or his later biographers. Macrobius says that Virgil's father was of a humble background; however, scholars generally believe that Virgil was from an equestrian landowning family which could afford to give him an education. He attended schools in Cremona, Mediolanum, Rome and Naples. After considering briefly a career in rhetoric and law, the young Virgil turned his talents to poetry.

title: Virgil

title: Virgil

text: The

text: tradition

text: holds

text: that

text: Virgil

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: the

text: village

text: of

text: Andes

text: near

text: Mantua

text: in

text: Cisalpine

text: Gaul

text: Analysis

text: of

text: his

text: name

text: has

text: led

text: to

text: beliefs

text: that

text: he

text: descended

text: from

text: earlier

text: Roman

text: colonists

text: Modern

text: speculation

text: ultimately

text: is

text: not

text: supported

text: by

text: narrative

text: evidence

text: either

text: from

text: his

text: own

text: writings

text: or

text: his

text: later

text: biographers

text: Macrobius

text: says

text: that

text: Virgil

text: 's

text: father

text: was

text: of

text: a

text: humble

text: background

text: however

text: scholars

text: generally

text: believe

text: that

text: Virgil

text: was

text: from

text: an

text: equestrian

text: landowning

text: family

text: which

text: could

text: afford

text: to

text: give

text: him

text: an

text: education

text: He

text: attended

text: schools

text: in

text: Cremona

text: Mediolanum

text: Rome

text: and

text: Naples

text: After

text: considering

text: briefly

text: a

text: career

text: in

text: rhetoric

text: and

text: law

text: the

text: young

text: Virgil

text: turned

text: his

text: talents

text: to

text: poetry

question: In which village does tradition believe Virgil was born?

answer: Andes

text: Andes

question: In which cities did Virgil attend schools?

answer: Cremona, Mediolanum, Rome and Naples

text: Cremona, Mediolanum, Rome and Naples

question: What other career did Virgil consider?

answer: rhetoric and law

text: rhetoric and law

question: Which type of family do scholars generally believe Virgil belonged to?

answer: equestrian landowning

text: equestrian landowning

question: Does Macrobius believe Virgil's father came from a distinguished or humble background?

answer: humble

text: humble

question: Where was Virgil's father born?

text: Naples

question: What kind of family did Macrobius have?

text: an equestrian landowning family

question: What city did Virgil live the longest in?

text: Rome

question: Where was Macrobius born?

text: Mediolanum

question: What career did Virgil's father have?

text: rhetoric and law


text: In Britain's "imperial century", victory over Napoleon left Britain without any serious international rival, other than Russia in central Asia. Unchallenged at sea, Britain adopted the role of global policeman, a state of affairs later known as the Pax Britannica, and a foreign policy of "splendid isolation". Alongside the formal control it exerted over its own colonies, Britain's dominant position in world trade meant that it effectively controlled the economies of many nominally independent countries, such as China, Argentina and Siam, which has been generally characterized as "informal empire". Of note during this time was the Anglo-Zulu War, which was fought in 1879 between the British Empire and the Zulu Empire.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: In

text: Britain

text: 's

text: imperial

text: century

text: victory

text: over

text: Napoleon

text: left

text: Britain

text: without

text: any

text: serious

text: international

text: rival

text: other

text: than

text: Russia

text: in

text: central

text: Asia

text: Unchallenged

text: at

text: sea

text: Britain

text: adopted

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: global

text: policeman

text: a

text: state

text: of

text: affairs

text: later

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Pax

text: Britannica

text: and

text: a

text: foreign

text: policy

text: of

text: splendid

text: isolation

text: Alongside

text: the

text: formal

text: control

text: it

text: exerted

text: over

text: its

text: own

text: colonies

text: Britain

text: 's

text: dominant

text: position

text: in

text: world

text: trade

text: meant

text: that

text: it

text: effectively

text: controlled

text: the

text: economies

text: of

text: many

text: nominally

text: independent

text: countries

text: such

text: as

text: China

text: Argentina

text: and

text: Siam

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: generally

text: characterized

text: as

text: informal

text: empire

text: Of

text: note

text: during

text: this

text: time

text: was

text: the

text: Anglo

text: Zulu

text: War

text: which

text: was

text: fought

text: in

text: between

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: and

text: the

text: Zulu

text: Empire

question: What did defeating Napoleon leave Britain without?

answer: any serious international rival

text: any serious international rival

question: Why did Britain adopt the role of Global Policemen?

answer: Unchallenged at sea

text: Unchallenged at sea

question: Britain adopting the role as global policeman is known as

answer: Pax Britannica

text: Pax Britannica

question: What was Britain's foreign policy called?

answer: splendid isolation

text: splendid isolation

question: Britain's dominant position in the world trade allowed them to do what?

answer: effectively controlled the economies of many nominally independent countries, such as China, Argentina and Siam

text: effectively controlled the economies of many nominally independent countries, such as China, Argentina and Siam


text: However, early Christian writers who speak of the shape of the particular gibbet on which Jesus died invariably describe it as having a cross-beam. For instance, the Epistle of Barnabas, which was certainly earlier than 135, and may have been of the 1st century AD, the time when the gospel accounts of the death of Jesus were written, likened it to the letter T (the Greek letter tau, which had the numeric value of 300), and to the position assumed by Moses in Exodus 17:11–12. Justin Martyr (100–165) explicitly says the cross of Christ was of two-beam shape: "That lamb which was commanded to be wholly roasted was a symbol of the suffering of the cross which Christ would undergo. For the lamb, which is roasted, is roasted and dressed up in the form of the cross. For one spit is transfixed right through from the lower parts up to the head, and one across the back, to which are attached the legs of the lamb." Irenaeus, who died around the end of the 2nd century, speaks of the cross as having "five extremities, two in length, two in breadth, and one in the middle, on which [last] the person rests who is fixed by the nails."

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

text: However

text: early

text: Christian

text: writers

text: who

text: speak

text: of

text: the

text: shape

text: of

text: the

text: particular

text: gibbet

text: on

text: which

text: Jesus

text: died

text: invariably

text: describe

text: it

text: as

text: having

text: a

text: cross

text: beam

text: For

text: instance

text: the

text: Epistle

text: of

text: Barnabas

text: which

text: was

text: certainly

text: earlier

text: than

text: and

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: the

text: time

text: when

text: the

text: gospel

text: accounts

text: of

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Jesus

text: were

text: written

text: likened

text: it

text: to

text: the

text: letter

text: T

text: the

text: Greek

text: letter

text: tau

text: which

text: had

text: the

text: numeric

text: value

text: of

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: position

text: assumed

text: by

text: Moses

text: in

text: Exodus

text: Justin

text: Martyr

text: explicitly

text: says

text: the

text: cross

text: of

text: Christ

text: was

text: of

text: two

text: beam

text: shape

text: That

text: lamb

text: which

text: was

text: commanded

text: to

text: be

text: wholly

text: roasted

text: was

text: a

text: symbol

text: of

text: the

text: suffering

text: of

text: the

text: cross

text: which

text: Christ

text: would

text: undergo

text: For

text: the

text: lamb

text: which

text: is

text: roasted

text: is

text: roasted

text: and

text: dressed

text: up

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: cross

text: For

text: one

text: spit

text: is

text: transfixed

text: right

text: through

text: from

text: the

text: lower

text: parts

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: head

text: and

text: one

text: across

text: the

text: back

text: to

text: which

text: are

text: attached

text: the

text: legs

text: of

text: the

text: lamb

text: Irenaeus

text: who

text: died

text: around

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: speaks

text: of

text: the

text: cross

text: as

text: having

text: five

text: extremities

text: two

text: in

text: length

text: two

text: in

text: breadth

text: and

text: one

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: on

text: which

text: last

text: the

text: person

text: rests

text: who

text: is

text: fixed

text: by

text: the

text: nails

question: What Epistle described the cross?

answer: Epistle of Barnabas

text: Epistle of Barnabas

question: Who says with certainty that the cross was made out of two beams?

answer: Justin Martyr

text: Justin Martyr

question: Why was that type of cross important?

answer: a symbol of the suffering

text: a symbol of the suffering

question: How many ends did the cross supposedly have?

answer: five extremities

text: five extremities

question: How is one attached to the cross?

answer: fixed by the nails

text: fixed by the nails

question: In what year was Barnabas born?

text: 1st century AD

question: What numeric value did the significance of the lamb have?

question: For how long was the Greek alphabet used?

question: What did Barnabas use to build a cross with?

text: nails

question: How many times had Irenaeus seen a roasted lamb?


text: Mass transit in New York City, most of which runs 24 hours a day, accounts for one in every three users of mass transit in the United States, and two-thirds of the nation's rail riders live in the New York City Metropolitan Area.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: Mass

text: transit

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: most

text: of

text: which

text: runs

text: hours

text: a

text: day

text: accounts

text: for

text: one

text: in

text: every

text: three

text: users

text: of

text: mass

text: transit

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: two

text: thirds

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: rail

text: riders

text: live

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Metropolitan

text: Area

question: What fraction of United States rail riders call the New York City Metropolitan Area home?

answer: two-thirds

text: two-thirds


text: Warfare in Normandy at the time was shaped by the defensive potential of castles and the increasing costs of conducting campaigns. The Norman frontiers had limited natural defences but were heavily reinforced with castles, such as Château Gaillard, at strategic points, built and maintained at considerable expense. It was difficult for a commander to advance far into fresh territory without having secured his lines of communication by capturing these fortifications, which slowed the progress of any attack. Armies of the period could be formed from either feudal or mercenary forces. Feudal levies could only be raised for a fixed length of time before they returned home, forcing an end to a campaign; mercenary forces, often called Brabançons after the Duchy of Brabant but actually recruited from across northern Europe, could operate all year long and provide a commander with more strategic options to pursue a campaign, but cost much more than equivalent feudal forces. As a result, commanders of the period were increasingly drawing on larger numbers of mercenaries.

title: John,_King_of_England

title: John,_King_of_England

text: Warfare

text: in

text: Normandy

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: was

text: shaped

text: by

text: the

text: defensive

text: potential

text: of

text: castles

text: and

text: the

text: increasing

text: costs

text: of

text: conducting

text: campaigns

text: The

text: Norman

text: frontiers

text: had

text: limited

text: natural

text: defences

text: but

text: were

text: heavily

text: reinforced

text: with

text: castles

text: such

text: as

text: Château

text: Gaillard

text: at

text: strategic

text: points

text: built

text: and

text: maintained

text: at

text: considerable

text: expense

text: It

text: was

text: difficult

text: for

text: a

text: commander

text: to

text: advance

text: far

text: into

text: fresh

text: territory

text: without

text: having

text: secured

text: his

text: lines

text: of

text: communication

text: by

text: capturing

text: these

text: fortifications

text: which

text: slowed

text: the

text: progress

text: of

text: any

text: attack

text: Armies

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: could

text: be

text: formed

text: from

text: either

text: feudal

text: or

text: mercenary

text: forces

text: Feudal

text: levies

text: could

text: only

text: be

text: raised

text: for

text: a

text: fixed

text: length

text: of

text: time

text: before

text: they

text: returned

text: home

text: forcing

text: an

text: end

text: to

text: a

text: campaign

text: mercenary

text: forces

text: often

text: called

text: Brabançons

text: after

text: the

text: Duchy

text: of

text: Brabant

text: but

text: actually

text: recruited

text: from

text: across

text: northern

text: Europe

text: could

text: operate

text: all

text: year

text: long

text: and

text: provide

text: a

text: commander

text: with

text: more

text: strategic

text: options

text: to

text: pursue

text: a

text: campaign

text: but

text: cost

text: much

text: more

text: than

text: equivalent

text: feudal

text: forces

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: commanders

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: were

text: increasingly

text: drawing

text: on

text: larger

text: numbers

text: of

text: mercenaries

question: Warfare in Normandy was shaped by what?

answer: defensive potential of castles

text: defensive potential of castles

question: What were mercenary forces called?

answer: Brabançons

text: Brabançons

question: What castle was built at a strategic point?

answer: Château Gaillard

text: Château Gaillard


text: By the census of 1971, the population of Lancashire and its county boroughs had reached 5,129,416, making it the most populous geographic county in the UK. The administrative county was also the most populous of its type outside London, with a population of 2,280,359 in 1961. On 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, the administrative county was abolished, as were the county boroughs. The urbanised southern part largely became part of two metropolitan counties, Merseyside and Greater Manchester. The new county of Cumbria incorporates the Furness exclave.

title: Lancashire

title: Lancashire

text: By

text: the

text: census

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: Lancashire

text: and

text: its

text: county

text: boroughs

text: had

text: reached

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: geographic

text: county

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: The

text: administrative

text: county

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: of

text: its

text: type

text: outside

text: London

text: with

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: in

text: On

text: April

text: under

text: the

text: Local

text: Government

text: Act

text: the

text: administrative

text: county

text: was

text: abolished

text: as

text: were

text: the

text: county

text: boroughs

text: The

text: urbanised

text: southern

text: part

text: largely

text: became

text: part

text: of

text: two

text: metropolitan

text: counties

text: Merseyside

text: and

text: Greater

text: Manchester

text: The

text: new

text: county

text: of

text: Cumbria

text: incorporates

text: the

text: Furness

text: exclave

question: How many people lived in Lancashire in 1971?

answer: 5,129,416

question: What is the most populous geographic county in the UK?

answer: Lancashire

text: Lancashire

question: When was the administrative county abolished?

answer: 1 April 1974

text: 1 April 1974

question: What did the southern part of Lancashire turn into?

answer: Merseyside and Greater Manchester

text: Merseyside and Greater Manchester

question: What incorporated the Furness exclave?

answer: Cumbria

text: Cumbria

question: How many people like in the UK?

question: In what geographic region of Lancashire is Cumbria county?

text: southern part

question: How many people lived in Merseyside according to the 1971 census?

question: How many people lived in Lancashire in 1961?

question: How many people lived in Cumbria after it was made into a county in 1974?


text: Most food in Alaska is transported into the state from "Outside", and shipping costs make food in the cities relatively expensive. In rural areas, subsistence hunting and gathering is an essential activity because imported food is prohibitively expensive. Though most small towns and villages in Alaska lie along the coastline, the cost of importing food to remote villages can be high, because of the terrain and difficult road conditions, which change dramatically, due to varying climate and precipitation changes. The cost of transport can reach as high as 50¢ per pound ($1.10/kg) or more in some remote areas, during the most difficult times, if these locations can be reached at all during such inclement weather and terrain conditions. The cost of delivering a 1 US gallon (3.8 L) of milk is about $3.50 in many villages where per capita income can be $20,000 or less. Fuel cost per gallon is routinely 20–30¢ higher than the continental United States average, with only Hawaii having higher prices.

title: Alaska

title: Alaska

text: Most

text: food

text: in

text: Alaska

text: is

text: transported

text: into

text: the

text: state

text: from

text: Outside

text: and

text: shipping

text: costs

text: make

text: food

text: in

text: the

text: cities

text: relatively

text: expensive

text: In

text: rural

text: areas

text: subsistence

text: hunting

text: and

text: gathering

text: is

text: an

text: essential

text: activity

text: because

text: imported

text: food

text: is

text: prohibitively

text: expensive

text: Though

text: most

text: small

text: towns

text: and

text: villages

text: in

text: Alaska

text: lie

text: along

text: the

text: coastline

text: the

text: cost

text: of

text: importing

text: food

text: to

text: remote

text: villages

text: can

text: be

text: high

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: terrain

text: and

text: difficult

text: road

text: conditions

text: which

text: change

text: dramatically

text: due

text: to

text: varying

text: climate

text: and

text: precipitation

text: changes

text: The

text: cost

text: of

text: transport

text: can

text: reach

text: as

text: high

text: as

text: per

text: pound

text: or

text: more

text: in

text: some

text: remote

text: areas

text: during

text: the

text: most

text: difficult

text: times

text: if

text: these

text: locations

text: can

text: be

text: reached

text: at

text: all

text: during

text: such

text: inclement

text: weather

text: and

text: terrain

text: conditions

text: The

text: cost

text: of

text: delivering

text: a

text: US

text: gallon

text: L

text: of

text: milk

text: is

text: about

text: in

text: many

text: villages

text: where

text: per

text: capita

text: income

text: can

text: be

text: or

text: less

text: Fuel

text: cost

text: per

text: gallon

text: is

text: routinely

text: higher

text: than

text: the

text: continental

text: United

text: States

text: average

text: with

text: only

text: Hawaii

text: having

text: higher

text: prices

question: What causes food in Alaskan cities to be relatively expensive?

answer: shipping costs

text: shipping costs

question: How high can the cost of transport be in some remote areas?

answer: 50¢ per pound ($1.10/kg)

text: 50¢ per pound ($1.10/kg)

question: Which state in the US is the only to have higher fuel prices than Alaska?

answer: Hawaii

text: Hawaii

question: How much does it cost to transport a gallon of milk in some rural areas of Alaska?

answer: $3.50

question: What causes food in Alaskan cities to be relatively inexpensive?

text: shipping costs

question: How low can the cost of transport be in some remote areas?

text: 50¢ per pound

question: How high can the cost of transport be in some urban areas?

text: 50¢ per pound

question: Which state in the US is the only to have lower fuel prices than Alaska?

text: Hawaii

question: How much does it cost to transport a gallon of milk in some urban areas of Alaska?