text: The Georgics' tone wavers between optimism and pessimism, sparking critical debate on the poet's intentions, but the work lays the foundations for later didactic poetry. Virgil and Maecenas are said to have taken turns reading the Georgics to Octavian upon his return from defeating Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC.

title: Virgil

title: Virgil

text: The

text: Georgics

text: tone

text: wavers

text: between

text: optimism

text: and

text: pessimism

text: sparking

text: critical

text: debate

text: on

text: the

text: poet

text: 's

text: intentions

text: but

text: the

text: work

text: lays

text: the

text: foundations

text: for

text: later

text: didactic

text: poetry

text: Virgil

text: and

text: Maecenas

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: have

text: taken

text: turns

text: reading

text: the

text: Georgics

text: to

text: Octavian

text: upon

text: his

text: return

text: from

text: defeating

text: Antony

text: and

text: Cleopatra

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Actium

text: in

text: BC

question: Octavian defeated Antony and Cleopatra at which battle?

answer: Battle of Actium

text: Battle of Actium

question: When did Octavian return from the Battle of Actium?

answer: 31 BC

text: 31 BC

question: Who took turns with Virgil to read the Georgics to Octavian?

answer: Maecenas

text: Maecenas

question: When were the Georgics published?

text: 31 BC

question: Who wrote the Georgics?

text: Maecenas

question: Where were the Georgics written?

text: Actium

question: What did most of Virgil's writing compose of?

text: didactic poetry

question: Who funded the writing of the Georgics?

text: Octavian


text: In the 19th century, the Tsarist Government of the Russian Empire claimed that Ukrainian was merely a dialect of Russian and not a language on its own. The differences were few and caused by the conquest of western Ukraine by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. However, the dialects in Ukraine eventually differed substantially from the dialects in Russia.

title: Dialect

title: Dialect

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: Tsarist

text: Government

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: claimed

text: that

text: Ukrainian

text: was

text: merely

text: a

text: dialect

text: of

text: Russian

text: and

text: not

text: a

text: language

text: on

text: its

text: own

text: The

text: differences

text: were

text: few

text: and

text: caused

text: by

text: the

text: conquest

text: of

text: western

text: Ukraine

text: by

text: the

text: Polish

text: Lithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: However

text: the

text: dialects

text: in

text: Ukraine

text: eventually

text: differed

text: substantially

text: from

text: the

text: dialects

text: in

text: Russia

question: During what century did the Russian government claim that Ukrainian was a Russian dialect?

answer: 19th

question: What Russian government claimed that Ukrainian was not a distinct language?

answer: the Tsarist Government

text: the Tsarist Government

question: The conquest of western Ukraine by what country altered the language of Ukraine?

answer: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

text: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

question: When did the Russian Empire claim the Tsarist language was a language on its own?

text: 19th century

question: During which century did the Ukraine claim that Tsarist was simply a dialect of Russian?

question: By who was the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth conquered?

text: Ukraine

question: To which dialects were Ukrainian dialects substantially similar?

text: Russia


text: The decline of Constantinople – a main trading partner of Kievan Rus' – played a significant role in the decline of the Kievan Rus'. The trade route from the Varangians to the Greeks, along which the goods were moving from the Black Sea (mainly Byzantine) through eastern Europe to the Baltic, was a cornerstone of Kiev wealth and prosperity. Kiev was the main power and initiator in this relationship, once the Byzantine Empire fell into turmoil and the supplies became erratic, profits dried out, and Kiev lost its appeal.[citation needed]

title: Kievan_Rus%27

title: Kievan_Rus%27

text: The

text: decline

text: of

text: Constantinople

text: a

text: main

text: trading

text: partner

text: of

text: Kievan

text: Rus

text: played

text: a

text: significant

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: decline

text: of

text: the

text: Kievan

text: Rus

text: The

text: trade

text: route

text: from

text: the

text: Varangians

text: to

text: the

text: Greeks

text: along

text: which

text: the

text: goods

text: were

text: moving

text: from

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: mainly

text: Byzantine

text: through

text: eastern

text: Europe

text: to

text: the

text: Baltic

text: was

text: a

text: cornerstone

text: of

text: Kiev

text: wealth

text: and

text: prosperity

text: Kiev

text: was

text: the

text: main

text: power

text: and

text: initiator

text: in

text: this

text: relationship

text: once

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: Empire

text: fell

text: into

text: turmoil

text: and

text: the

text: supplies

text: became

text: erratic

text: profits

text: dried

text: out

text: and

text: Kiev

text: lost

text: its

text: appeal.[citation

text: needed

question: What played a major role in the decline of the Rus?

answer: decline of Constantinople

text: decline of Constantinople

question: What terriroty did the trade from the Varangians to the Greeks route mainly go through?

answer: Byzantine

text: Byzantine

question: Which terrirory was the main power in this trade relatinship?

answer: Kiev

text: Kiev

question: What played a minor rule in the decline of the Rus?

text: decline of Constantinople

question: Who was not a major trading partner of Kievan Rus?

text: Constantinople

question: What territory did the trade fro Varagians to the Greeks mainly avoid?

text: Byzantine

question: What was not a major cornerstone of Kiev wealth and prosperity?

question: Who was a minor power and minor initiator?

text: Kiev


text: The Swazi bicameral Parliament or Libandla consists of the Senate (30 seats; 10 members appointed by the House of Assembly and 20 appointed by the monarch; to serve five-year terms) and the House of Assembly (65 seats; 10 members appointed by the monarch and 55 elected by popular vote; to serve five-year terms). The elections are held every five years after dissolution of parliament by the king. The last elections were held on 20 September 2013. The balloting is done on a non-party basis in all categories. All election procedures are overseen by the elections and boundaries commission.

title: Swaziland

title: Swaziland

text: The

text: Swazi

text: bicameral

text: Parliament

text: or

text: Libandla

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: Senate

text: seats

text: members

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Assembly

text: and

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: monarch

text: to

text: serve

text: five

text: year

text: terms

text: and

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Assembly

text: seats

text: members

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: monarch

text: and

text: elected

text: by

text: popular

text: vote

text: to

text: serve

text: five

text: year

text: terms

text: The

text: elections

text: are

text: held

text: every

text: five

text: years

text: after

text: dissolution

text: of

text: parliament

text: by

text: the

text: king

text: The

text: last

text: elections

text: were

text: held

text: on

text: September

text: The

text: balloting

text: is

text: done

text: on

text: a

text: non

text: party

text: basis

text: in

text: all

text: categories

text: All

text: election

text: procedures

text: are

text: overseen

text: by

text: the

text: elections

text: and

text: boundaries

text: commission

question: How many seats are in the Senate of Swaziland?

answer: 30 seats

text: 30 seats

question: How many members are there in the Swazi House of Assembly?

answer: 65

question: How many members of the Swazi House of Assembly are chosen by the king?

answer: 10

question: When were the most recent elections in Swaziland?

answer: 20 September 2013

text: 20 September 2013

question: Which group looks over elections in Swaziland?

answer: the elections and boundaries commission

text: the elections and boundaries commission

question: Who appoints the house of assembly?

text: the monarch;

question: How often does the king dissolve the constitution?

text: every five years

question: What is done on a party basis?

text: The balloting

question: What group decides when elections will be held?


text: The English Province was a component of the international order from which it obtained its laws, direction, and instructions. It was also, however, a group of Englishmen. Its direct supervisors were from England, and the members of the English Province dwelt and labored in English cities, towns, villages, and roadways. English and European ingredients constantly came in contact. The international side of the province's existence influenced the national, and the national responded to, adapted, and sometimes constrained the international.

title: Dominican_Order

title: Dominican_Order

text: The

text: English

text: Province

text: was

text: a

text: component

text: of

text: the

text: international

text: order

text: from

text: which

text: it

text: obtained

text: its

text: laws

text: direction

text: and

text: instructions

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: however

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: Englishmen

text: Its

text: direct

text: supervisors

text: were

text: from

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: English

text: Province

text: dwelt

text: and

text: labored

text: in

text: English

text: cities

text: towns

text: villages

text: and

text: roadways

text: English

text: and

text: European

text: ingredients

text: constantly

text: came

text: in

text: contact

text: The

text: international

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: 's

text: existence

text: influenced

text: the

text: national

text: and

text: the

text: national

text: responded

text: to

text: adapted

text: and

text: sometimes

text: constrained

text: the

text: international

question: The Dominican Order in England was controlled by who?

answer: Englishmen

text: Englishmen

question: The national side of the Order was influenced by what other side?

answer: international

text: international

question: Why was the English order of the Dominicans so successful in England?

answer: Its direct supervisors were from England

text: Its direct supervisors were from England

question: Who was the Benedictine Order in England controlled by?

text: Englishmen

question: What component of the French Province was it influenced by?

text: international order

question: Where did members of the French province dwell and labor?

question: What did not constantly come into contact?

text: English and European ingredients

question: What did not influence the national side of the Order?

text: international side


text: During the late 19th century, several Gilded Age mansions reflecting the wealth of industry and shipping magnates were built east and west of the current downtown, along the major avenues of the Woodward plan. Most notable among them was the David Whitney House located at 4421 Woodward Avenue, which became a prime location for mansions. During this period some referred to Detroit as the Paris of the West for its architecture, grand avenues in the Paris style, and for Washington Boulevard, recently electrified by Thomas Edison. The city had grown steadily from the 1830s with the rise of shipping, shipbuilding, and manufacturing industries. Strategically located along the Great Lakes waterway, Detroit emerged as a major port and transportation hub.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: During

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: several

text: Gilded

text: Age

text: mansions

text: reflecting

text: the

text: wealth

text: of

text: industry

text: and

text: shipping

text: magnates

text: were

text: built

text: east

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: current

text: downtown

text: along

text: the

text: major

text: avenues

text: of

text: the

text: Woodward

text: plan

text: Most

text: notable

text: among

text: them

text: was

text: the

text: David

text: Whitney

text: House

text: located

text: at

text: Woodward

text: Avenue

text: which

text: became

text: a

text: prime

text: location

text: for

text: mansions

text: During

text: this

text: period

text: some

text: referred

text: to

text: Detroit

text: as

text: the

text: Paris

text: of

text: the

text: West

text: for

text: its

text: architecture

text: grand

text: avenues

text: in

text: the

text: Paris

text: style

text: and

text: for

text: Washington

text: Boulevard

text: recently

text: electrified

text: by

text: Thomas

text: Edison

text: The

text: city

text: had

text: grown

text: steadily

text: from

text: the

text: with

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: shipping

text: shipbuilding

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: industries

text: Strategically

text: located

text: along

text: the

text: Great

text: Lakes

text: waterway

text: Detroit

text: emerged

text: as

text: a

text: major

text: port

text: and

text: transportation

text: hub

question: What was a nickname for Detroit in the late 19th century?

answer: Paris of the West

text: Paris of the West

question: On which waterway is Detroit located?

answer: Great Lakes

text: Great Lakes

question: What is the most famous mansion in Detroit?

answer: David Whitney House

text: David Whitney House

question: Which street became known for it's mansions?

answer: Woodward Avenue

text: Woodward Avenue

question: Who electrified Detroit?

answer: Thomas Edison

text: Thomas Edison


text: The authors of the study also examined 77 college textbooks in biology and 69 in physical anthropology published between 1932 and 1989. Physical anthropology texts argued that biological races exist until the 1970s, when they began to argue that races do not exist. In contrast, biology textbooks did not undergo such a reversal but many instead dropped their discussion of race altogether. The authors attributed this to biologists trying to avoid discussing the political implications of racial classifications, instead of discussing them, and to the ongoing discussions in biology about the validity of the concept "subspecies". The authors also noted that some widely used textbooks in biology such as Douglas J. Futuyama's 1986 "Evolutionary Biology" had abandoned the race concept, "The concept of race, masking the overwhelming genetic similarity of all peoples and the mosaic patterns of variation that do not correspond to racial divisions, is not only socially dysfunctional but is biologically indefensible as well (pp. 5 18-5 19)." (Lieberman et al. 1992, pp. 316–17)

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: The

text: authors

text: of

text: the

text: study

text: also

text: examined

text: college

text: textbooks

text: in

text: biology

text: and

text: in

text: physical

text: anthropology

text: published

text: between

text: and

text: Physical

text: anthropology

text: texts

text: argued

text: that

text: biological

text: races

text: exist

text: until

text: the

text: when

text: they

text: began

text: to

text: argue

text: that

text: races

text: do

text: not

text: exist

text: In

text: contrast

text: biology

text: textbooks

text: did

text: not

text: undergo

text: such

text: a

text: reversal

text: but

text: many

text: instead

text: dropped

text: their

text: discussion

text: of

text: race

text: altogether

text: The

text: authors

text: attributed

text: this

text: to

text: biologists

text: trying

text: to

text: avoid

text: discussing

text: the

text: political

text: implications

text: of

text: racial

text: classifications

text: instead

text: of

text: discussing

text: them

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: ongoing

text: discussions

text: in

text: biology

text: about

text: the

text: validity

text: of

text: the

text: concept

text: subspecies

text: The

text: authors

text: also

text: noted

text: that

text: some

text: widely

text: used

text: textbooks

text: in

text: biology

text: such

text: as

text: Douglas

text: J.

text: Futuyama

text: 's

text: Evolutionary

text: Biology

text: had

text: abandoned

text: the

text: race

text: concept

text: The

text: concept

text: of

text: race

text: masking

text: the

text: overwhelming

text: genetic

text: similarity

text: of

text: all

text: peoples

text: and

text: the

text: mosaic

text: patterns

text: of

text: variation

text: that

text: do

text: not

text: correspond

text: to

text: racial

text: divisions

text: is

text: not

text: only

text: socially

text: dysfunctional

text: but

text: is

text: biologically

text: indefensible

text: as

text: well

text: pp

text: Lieberman

text: et

text: al

text: pp

question: How many college textbooks in biology did the authors of the study examine?

answer: 77

question: Up until when did physical anthropology texts still argue that biological races exist?

answer: the 1970s

text: the 1970s

question: What did biology textbooks drop altogether?

answer: their discussion of race

text: their discussion of race

question: What were biologists trying to avoid discussing the political implications of?

answer: racial classifications

text: racial classifications

question: What did Douglas J. Futuyama consider the concept of race as not only being socially dysfunctional but this as well?

answer: biologically indefensible

text: biologically indefensible


text: The first scientific and literary journals were established during the Enlightenment. The first journal, the Parisian Journal des Sçavans, appeared in 1665. However, it was not until 1682 that periodicals began to be more widely produced. French and Latin were the dominant languages of publication, but there was also a steady demand for material in German and Dutch. There was generally low demand for English publications on the Continent, which was echoed by England's similar lack of desire for French works. Languages commanding less of an international market – such as Danish, Spanish and Portuguese – found journal success more difficult, and more often than not, a more international language was used instead. French slowly took over Latin's status as the lingua franca of learned circles. This in turn gave precedence to the publishing industry in Holland, where the vast majority of these French language periodicals were produced.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: The

text: first

text: scientific

text: and

text: literary

text: journals

text: were

text: established

text: during

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: The

text: first

text: journal

text: the

text: Parisian

text: Journal

text: des

text: Sçavans

text: appeared

text: in

text: However

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: until

text: that

text: periodicals

text: began

text: to

text: be

text: more

text: widely

text: produced

text: French

text: and

text: Latin

text: were

text: the

text: dominant

text: languages

text: of

text: publication

text: but

text: there

text: was

text: also

text: a

text: steady

text: demand

text: for

text: material

text: in

text: German

text: and

text: Dutch

text: There

text: was

text: generally

text: low

text: demand

text: for

text: English

text: publications

text: on

text: the

text: Continent

text: which

text: was

text: echoed

text: by

text: England

text: 's

text: similar

text: lack

text: of

text: desire

text: for

text: French

text: works

text: Languages

text: commanding

text: less

text: of

text: an

text: international

text: market

text: such

text: as

text: Danish

text: Spanish

text: and

text: Portuguese

text: found

text: journal

text: success

text: more

text: difficult

text: and

text: more

text: often

text: than

text: not

text: a

text: more

text: international

text: language

text: was

text: used

text: instead

text: French

text: slowly

text: took

text: over

text: Latin

text: 's

text: status

text: as

text: the

text: lingua

text: franca

text: of

text: learned

text: circles

text: This

text: in

text: turn

text: gave

text: precedence

text: to

text: the

text: publishing

text: industry

text: in

text: Holland

text: where

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: these

text: French

text: language

text: periodicals

text: were

text: produced

question: During which movement were the first scientific and literary journals established?

answer: the Enlightenment

text: the Enlightenment

question: What was the title of the first scientific and literary journal?

answer: the Parisian Journal des Sçavans

text: the Parisian Journal des Sçavans

question: In what year did the first scientific and literary journal appear?

answer: 1665

question: Which two languages were the most dominant languages of scientific and literary publications?

answer: French and Latin

text: French and Latin

question: Where were the vast majority of French language periodicals produced?

answer: Holland

text: Holland


text: Gymnastics is a sport involving the performance of exercises requiring strength, flexibility, balance and control. Internationally, all events are governed by the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG). Each country has its own national governing body (BIW) affiliated to FIG. Competitive artistic gymnastics is the best known of the gymnastic events. It typically involves the women's events of vault, uneven bars, balance beam, and floor exercise. Men's events are floor exercise, pommel horse, still rings, vault, parallel bars, and the high bar. Gymnastics evolved from exercises used by the ancient Greeks that included skills for mounting and dismounting a horse, and from circus performance skills.

title: Gymnastics

title: Gymnastics

text: Gymnastics

text: is

text: a

text: sport

text: involving

text: the

text: performance

text: of

text: exercises

text: requiring

text: strength

text: flexibility

text: balance

text: and

text: control

text: Internationally

text: all

text: events

text: are

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Fédération

text: Internationale

text: de

text: Gymnastique

text: FIG

text: Each

text: country

text: has

text: its

text: own

text: national

text: governing

text: body

text: BIW

text: affiliated

text: to

text: FIG

text: Competitive

text: artistic

text: gymnastics

text: is

text: the

text: best

text: known

text: of

text: the

text: gymnastic

text: events

text: It

text: typically

text: involves

text: the

text: women

text: 's

text: events

text: of

text: vault

text: uneven

text: bars

text: balance

text: beam

text: and

text: floor

text: exercise

text: Men

text: 's

text: events

text: are

text: floor

text: exercise

text: pommel

text: horse

text: still

text: rings

text: vault

text: parallel

text: bars

text: and

text: the

text: high

text: bar

text: Gymnastics

text: evolved

text: from

text: exercises

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: ancient

text: Greeks

text: that

text: included

text: skills

text: for

text: mounting

text: and

text: dismounting

text: a

text: horse

text: and

text: from

text: circus

text: performance

text: skills

question: What is gymnastics?

answer: Gymnastics is a sport involving the performance of exercises requiring strength, flexibility, balance and control

text: Gymnastics is a sport involving the performance of exercises requiring strength, flexibility, balance and control

question: Who governs all events in gymnastics?

answer: Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG)

text: Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG)

question: What does each country have?

answer: Each country has its own national governing body (BIW) affiliated to FIG

text: Each country has its own national governing body (BIW) affiliated to FIG

question: What are the best known gymnastic events?

answer: Competitive artistic gymnastics

text: Competitive artistic gymnastics

question: What events does this normally consist of for women?

answer: vault, uneven bars, balance beam, and floor exercise.

text: vault, uneven bars, balance beam, and floor exercise.

question: What are the children's events?

question: What gymnastic event was discontinued?

question: Who were the first to use still rings?

text: ancient Greeks

question: What sport evolved from polo?

text: Gymnastics

question: What does each city have?


text: In 1972, the French physicist Francis Perrin discovered fifteen ancient and no longer active natural nuclear fission reactors in three separate ore deposits at the Oklo mine in Gabon, West Africa, collectively known as the Oklo Fossil Reactors. The ore deposit is 1.7 billion years old; then, uranium-235 constituted about 3% of the total uranium on Earth. This is high enough to permit a sustained nuclear fission chain reaction to occur, provided other supporting conditions exist. The capacity of the surrounding sediment to contain the nuclear waste products has been cited by the U.S. federal government as supporting evidence for the feasibility to store spent nuclear fuel at the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository.

title: Uranium

title: Uranium

text: In

text: the

text: French

text: physicist

text: Francis

text: Perrin

text: discovered

text: fifteen

text: ancient

text: and

text: no

text: longer

text: active

text: natural

text: nuclear

text: fission

text: reactors

text: in

text: three

text: separate

text: ore

text: deposits

text: at

text: the

text: Oklo

text: mine

text: in

text: Gabon

text: West

text: Africa

text: collectively

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Oklo

text: Fossil

text: Reactors

text: The

text: ore

text: deposit

text: is

text: billion

text: years

text: old

text: then

text: constituted

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: uranium

text: on

text: Earth

text: This

text: is

text: high

text: enough

text: to

text: permit

text: a

text: sustained

text: nuclear

text: fission

text: chain

text: reaction

text: to

text: occur

text: provided

text: other

text: supporting

text: conditions

text: exist

text: The

text: capacity

text: of

text: the

text: surrounding

text: sediment

text: to

text: contain

text: the

text: nuclear

text: waste

text: products

text: has

text: been

text: cited

text: by

text: the

text: U.S.

text: federal

text: government

text: as

text: supporting

text: evidence

text: for

text: the

text: feasibility

text: to

text: store

text: spent

text: nuclear

text: fuel

text: at

text: the

text: Yucca

text: Mountain

text: nuclear

text: waste

text: repository

question: Of what nationality was Perrin?

answer: French

text: French

question: In what county was the Oklo mine located?

answer: Gabon

text: Gabon

question: How old are the ore deposits in the Oklo mine?

answer: 1.7 billion years

text: 1.7 billion years

question: When the Oklo mine ore deposits came into being, what percentage of uranium on Earth consisted of uranium-235?

answer: 3%

question: Where in the United States is there a nuclear waste repository?

answer: Yucca Mountain

text: Yucca Mountain

question: Of what nationality wasn't Perrin?

text: French

question: In what country was the Oklo mine not located

text: Gabon

question: How old are the ore deposits in the Oslo mine?

text: 1.7 billion years old

question: When the Oklo mine ore deposits came into being, what percentage of uranium on Earth consisted of uranium-253?

question: Where in the United States is there no nuclear waste repository?

text: Yucca Mountain


text: In 2005, the constitution was put into effect. There is still much debate in the country about the constitutional reforms. From the early seventies, there was active resistance to the royal hegemony. Despite complaints from progressive formations, support for the monarchy and the current political system remains strong among the majority of the population.[citation needed] Submissions were made by citizens around the country to commissions, including the constitutional draft committee, indicating that they would prefer to maintain the current situation.

title: Swaziland

title: Swaziland

text: In

text: the

text: constitution

text: was

text: put

text: into

text: effect

text: There

text: is

text: still

text: much

text: debate

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: about

text: the

text: constitutional

text: reforms

text: From

text: the

text: early

text: seventies

text: there

text: was

text: active

text: resistance

text: to

text: the

text: royal

text: hegemony

text: Despite

text: complaints

text: from

text: progressive

text: formations

text: support

text: for

text: the

text: monarchy

text: and

text: the

text: current

text: political

text: system

text: remains

text: strong

text: among

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: population.[citation

text: needed

text: Submissions

text: were

text: made

text: by

text: citizens

text: around

text: the

text: country

text: to

text: commissions

text: including

text: the

text: constitutional

text: draft

text: committee

text: indicating

text: that

text: they

text: would

text: prefer

text: to

text: maintain

text: the

text: current

text: situation

question: When did people begin to disputre royal hegenomy in Swaziland?

answer: the early seventies

text: the early seventies

question: What portion of Swaziland is said to support the monarchy of Swaziland?

answer: the majority

text: the majority

question: What entity took submissions about whether or not Swazi citizens wanted to change support of the monarchy?

answer: the constitutional draft committee

text: the constitutional draft committee

question: What was reformed in 2005?

text: the constitution

question: What has been debated since the 1970's?

text: the constitution

question: What do progressive formations support besides the current political system?

text: the monarchy

question: What do the majority of citizens complain about?


text: Throughout this period, Saint Helena was an important port of call of the East India Company. East Indiamen would stop there on the return leg of their voyages to British India and China. At Saint Helena ships could replenish supplies of water and provisions, and during war time, form convoys that would sail under the protection of vessels of the Royal Navy. Captain James Cook's vessel HMS Endeavour anchored and resupplied off the coast of St Helena in May 1771, on her return from the European discovery of the east coast of Australia and rediscovery of New Zealand.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: Throughout

text: this

text: period

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: port

text: of

text: call

text: of

text: the

text: East

text: India

text: Company

text: East

text: Indiamen

text: would

text: stop

text: there

text: on

text: the

text: return

text: leg

text: of

text: their

text: voyages

text: to

text: British

text: India

text: and

text: China

text: At

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: ships

text: could

text: replenish

text: supplies

text: of

text: water

text: and

text: provisions

text: and

text: during

text: war

text: time

text: form

text: convoys

text: that

text: would

text: sail

text: under

text: the

text: protection

text: of

text: vessels

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: Captain

text: James

text: Cook

text: 's

text: vessel

text: HMS

text: Endeavour

text: anchored

text: and

text: resupplied

text: off

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: St

text: Helena

text: in

text: May

text: on

text: her

text: return

text: from

text: the

text: European

text: discovery

text: of

text: the

text: east

text: coast

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: rediscovery

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

question: Saint Helena was an important port of which company?

answer: East India Company

text: East India Company

question: What did ships replenish at Saint Helena?

answer: water and provisions

text: water and provisions

question: What vessel was owned by Captain James?

answer: HMS Endeavour

text: HMS Endeavour

question: What vessel resupplied at the Island in May 1771?

answer: HMS Endeavour

text: HMS Endeavour

question: Vessels of what navy protected convoys?

answer: Royal

text: Royal


text: The first hydrogen-filled balloon was invented by Jacques Charles in 1783. Hydrogen provided the lift for the first reliable form of air-travel following the 1852 invention of the first hydrogen-lifted airship by Henri Giffard. German count Ferdinand von Zeppelin promoted the idea of rigid airships lifted by hydrogen that later were called Zeppelins; the first of which had its maiden flight in 1900. Regularly scheduled flights started in 1910 and by the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, they had carried 35,000 passengers without a serious incident. Hydrogen-lifted airships were used as observation platforms and bombers during the war.

title: Hydrogen

title: Hydrogen

text: The

text: first

text: hydrogen

text: filled

text: balloon

text: was

text: invented

text: by

text: Jacques

text: Charles

text: in

text: Hydrogen

text: provided

text: the

text: lift

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: reliable

text: form

text: of

text: air

text: travel

text: following

text: the

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: hydrogen

text: lifted

text: airship

text: by

text: Henri

text: Giffard

text: German

text: count

text: Ferdinand

text: von

text: Zeppelin

text: promoted

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: rigid

text: airships

text: lifted

text: by

text: hydrogen

text: that

text: later

text: were

text: called

text: Zeppelins

text: the

text: first

text: of

text: which

text: had

text: its

text: maiden

text: flight

text: in

text: Regularly

text: scheduled

text: flights

text: started

text: in

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: outbreak

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: in

text: August

text: they

text: had

text: carried

text: passengers

text: without

text: a

text: serious

text: incident

text: Hydrogen

text: lifted

text: airships

text: were

text: used

text: as

text: observation

text: platforms

text: and

text: bombers

text: during

text: the

text: war

question: Who invented the hydrogen filled balloons?

answer: Jacques Charles

text: Jacques Charles

question: What year was hydrogen filled balloons invented?

answer: 1783

question: what were the hydrogen lifted airships called?

answer: Zeppelins

text: Zeppelins

question: In what year did the first zeppelin make flight?

answer: 1900


text: Ship transport is an important component of Melbourne's transport system. The Port of Melbourne is Australia's largest container and general cargo port and also its busiest. The port handled two million shipping containers in a 12-month period during 2007, making it one of the top five ports in the Southern Hemisphere. Station Pier on Port Phillip Bay is the main passenger ship terminal with cruise ships and the Spirit of Tasmania ferries which cross Bass Strait to Tasmania docking there. Ferries and water taxis run from berths along the Yarra River as far upstream as South Yarra and across Port Phillip Bay.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: Ship

text: transport

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: component

text: of

text: Melbourne

text: 's

text: transport

text: system

text: The

text: Port

text: of

text: Melbourne

text: is

text: Australia

text: 's

text: largest

text: container

text: and

text: general

text: cargo

text: port

text: and

text: also

text: its

text: busiest

text: The

text: port

text: handled

text: two

text: million

text: shipping

text: containers

text: in

text: a

text: period

text: during

text: making

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: top

text: five

text: ports

text: in

text: the

text: Southern

text: Hemisphere

text: Station

text: Pier

text: on

text: Port

text: Phillip

text: Bay

text: is

text: the

text: main

text: passenger

text: ship

text: terminal

text: with

text: cruise

text: ships

text: and

text: the

text: Spirit

text: of

text: Tasmania

text: ferries

text: which

text: cross

text: Bass

text: Strait

text: to

text: Tasmania

text: docking

text: there

text: Ferries

text: and

text: water

text: taxis

text: run

text: from

text: berths

text: along

text: the

text: Yarra

text: River

text: as

text: far

text: upstream

text: as

text: South

text: Yarra

text: and

text: across

text: Port

text: Phillip

text: Bay

question: Which port is Australia's largest container and general cargo port?

answer: The Port of Melbourne

text: The Port of Melbourne

question: How far upstream to water taxis run along the Yarra River?

answer: South Yarra

text: South Yarra

question: How many shipping containers did the Port of Melbourne handle during a 12-month period in 2007, making it one of the top five ports in the Southern Hemisphere?

answer: two million

text: two million

question: Which is Australia's busiest port?

answer: The Port of Melbourne

text: The Port of Melbourne

question: Where is Station Pier located?

answer: Port Phillip Bay

text: Port Phillip Bay


text: After the ceasefire following the Fall of France in June 1940, Alsace was annexed to Germany and a rigorous policy of Germanisation was imposed upon it by the Gauleiter Robert Heinrich Wagner. When, in July 1940, the first evacuees were allowed to return, only residents of Alsatian origin were admitted. The last Jews were deported on 15 July 1940 and the main synagogue, a huge Romanesque revival building that had been a major architectural landmark with its 54-metre-high dome since its completion in 1897, was set ablaze, then razed.

title: Strasbourg

title: Strasbourg

text: After

text: the

text: ceasefire

text: following

text: the

text: Fall

text: of

text: France

text: in

text: June

text: Alsace

text: was

text: annexed

text: to

text: Germany

text: and

text: a

text: rigorous

text: policy

text: of

text: Germanisation

text: was

text: imposed

text: upon

text: it

text: by

text: the

text: Gauleiter

text: Robert

text: Heinrich

text: Wagner

text: When

text: in

text: July

text: the

text: first

text: evacuees

text: were

text: allowed

text: to

text: return

text: only

text: residents

text: of

text: Alsatian

text: origin

text: were

text: admitted

text: The

text: last

text: Jews

text: were

text: deported

text: on

text: July

text: and

text: the

text: main

text: synagogue

text: a

text: huge

text: Romanesque

text: revival

text: building

text: that

text: had

text: been

text: a

text: major

text: architectural

text: landmark

text: with

text: its

text: high

text: dome

text: since

text: its

text: completion

text: in

text: was

text: set

text: ablaze

text: then

text: razed

question: In what year was the Fall of France?

answer: 1940

question: What country was Alsace annexed to?

answer: Germany

text: Germany

question: Who imposed the rigorous policy of Germanisation?

answer: Gauleiter Robert Heinrich Wagner

text: Gauleiter Robert Heinrich Wagner

question: When were the first evacuees allowed to return?

answer: July 1940

text: July 1940

question: How high was the dome at the Romanesque revival building?

answer: 54-metre

question: In what year was Robert Heinrich Wagner made Gauleiter?

question: In what month and year was the main synagogue set ablaze and razed?

text: July 1940

question: In what month and year did the war start that resulted in the Fall of France?

text: June 1940

question: Where were the last Jews deported to?

text: France


text: The army was still equipped with the Dreyse needle gun of Battle of Königgrätz fame, which was by this time showing the age of its 25-year-old design. The rifle had a range of only 600 m (2,000 ft) and lacked the rubber breech seal that permitted aimed shots. The deficiencies of the needle gun were more than compensated for by the famous Krupp 6-pounder (3 kg) steel breech-loading cannons being issued to Prussian artillery batteries. Firing a contact-detonated shell, the Krupp gun had a longer range and a higher rate of fire than the French bronze muzzle loading cannon, which relied on faulty time fuses.

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: The

text: army

text: was

text: still

text: equipped

text: with

text: the

text: Dreyse

text: needle

text: gun

text: of

text: Battle

text: of

text: Königgrätz

text: fame

text: which

text: was

text: by

text: this

text: time

text: showing

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: its

text: old

text: design

text: The

text: rifle

text: had

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: only

text: m

text: ft

text: and

text: lacked

text: the

text: rubber

text: breech

text: seal

text: that

text: permitted

text: aimed

text: shots

text: The

text: deficiencies

text: of

text: the

text: needle

text: gun

text: were

text: more

text: than

text: compensated

text: for

text: by

text: the

text: famous

text: Krupp

text: kg

text: steel

text: breech

text: loading

text: cannons

text: being

text: issued

text: to

text: Prussian

text: artillery

text: batteries

text: Firing

text: a

text: contact

text: detonated

text: shell

text: the

text: Krupp

text: gun

text: had

text: a

text: longer

text: range

text: and

text: a

text: higher

text: rate

text: of

text: fire

text: than

text: the

text: French

text: bronze

text: muzzle

text: loading

text: cannon

text: which

text: relied

text: on

text: faulty

text: time

text: fuses

question: In which battle did the Dreyse needle gun gain its fame?

answer: Battle of Königgrätz

text: Battle of Königgrätz

question: At the start of the Franco-Prussian War, what was the age of the Dreyse gun's design?

answer: 25-year-old design

text: 25-year-old design

question: What was the Dreyse rifle's tactical range?

answer: 600 m (2,000 ft)

text: 600 m (2,000 ft)

question: What was the name of the famous cannon issued to Prussian soldiers at the time?

answer: Krupp

text: Krupp

question: What type of shell did the Krupp weapon fire?

answer: a contact-detonated shell

text: a contact-detonated shell


text: World production of duck meat was about 4.2 million tonnes in 2011 with China producing two thirds of the total, some 1.7 billion birds. Other notable duck-producing countries in the Far East include Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Indonesia and South Korea (12% in total). France (3.5%) is the largest producer in the West, followed by other EU nations (3%) and North America (1.7%). China was also by far the largest producer of goose and guinea fowl meat, with a 94% share of the 2.6 million tonne global market.

title: Poultry

title: Poultry

text: World

text: production

text: of

text: duck

text: meat

text: was

text: about

text: million

text: tonnes

text: in

text: with

text: China

text: producing

text: two

text: thirds

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: some

text: billion

text: birds

text: Other

text: notable

text: duck

text: producing

text: countries

text: in

text: the

text: Far

text: East

text: include

text: Vietnam

text: Thailand

text: Malaysia

text: Myanmar

text: Indonesia

text: and

text: South

text: Korea

text: in

text: total

text: France

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: producer

text: in

text: the

text: West

text: followed

text: by

text: other

text: EU

text: nations

text: and

text: North

text: America

text: China

text: was

text: also

text: by

text: far

text: the

text: largest

text: producer

text: of

text: goose

text: and

text: guinea

text: fowl

text: meat

text: with

text: a

text: share

text: of

text: the

text: million

text: tonne

text: global

text: market

question: How many ducks did China produce for consumption in 2011?

answer: China producing two thirds of the total, some 1.7 billion birds

text: China producing two thirds of the total, some 1.7 billion birds

question: What other countries are important to the duck husbandry business?

answer: Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Indonesia and South Korea (12% in total)

text: Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Indonesia and South Korea (12% in total)

question: Who is the largest producer of duck meat among the western nations?

answer: France (3.5%) is the largest producer in the West,

text: France (3.5%) is the largest producer in the West,

question: What is the market percentage held by the country that controls the biggest share of the global market for goose and guinea fowl meat

answer: 94% share

text: 94% share

question: How many ducks did China produce for cartoons in 2011?

text: some 1.7 billion birds

question: What country only eats goose and guinea fowl meat?

text: China

question: Where is eating duck forbidden?

text: Thailand

question: Who is the only producer of duck meat among the western nations?

text: France


text: By 500 BCE, Greeks arrived in the desert. Greek traders spread along the eastern coast of the desert, establishing trading colonies along the Red Sea. The Carthaginians explored the Atlantic coast of the desert, but the turbulence of the waters and the lack of markets caused a lack of presence further south than modern Morocco. Centralized states thus surrounded the desert on the north and east; it remained outside the control of these states. Raids from the nomadic Berber people of the desert were a constant concern of those living on the edge of the desert.

title: Sahara

title: Sahara

text: By

text: BCE

text: Greeks

text: arrived

text: in

text: the

text: desert

text: Greek

text: traders

text: spread

text: along

text: the

text: eastern

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: desert

text: establishing

text: trading

text: colonies

text: along

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: The

text: Carthaginians

text: explored

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: coast

text: of

text: the

text: desert

text: but

text: the

text: turbulence

text: of

text: the

text: waters

text: and

text: the

text: lack

text: of

text: markets

text: caused

text: a

text: lack

text: of

text: presence

text: further

text: south

text: than

text: modern

text: Morocco

text: Centralized

text: states

text: thus

text: surrounded

text: the

text: desert

text: on

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: it

text: remained

text: outside

text: the

text: control

text: of

text: these

text: states

text: Raids

text: from

text: the

text: nomadic

text: Berber

text: people

text: of

text: the

text: desert

text: were

text: a

text: constant

text: concern

text: of

text: those

text: living

text: on

text: the

text: edge

text: of

text: the

text: desert

question: Where did the Greeks established their trading colonies?

answer: Red Sea

text: Red Sea

question: Which coast did the Carthaginians explore for trade?

answer: the Atlantic coast

text: the Atlantic coast

question: Who would raid the desert leaving the people in constant   fear?

answer: nomadic Berber

text: nomadic Berber

question: What made the areas south of Morocco ideal for settlement?

question: What area did the Berber people colonize?

text: the Atlantic coast of the desert

question: Who was responsible for the raids on the Berber people?

text: those living on the edge of the desert

question: Who established trading colonies along the Atlantic?

text: Greek traders

question: When did the Greeks abandon the desert?

text: 500 BCE


text: The most famous passage in Burke's Reflections was his description of the events of 5–6 October 1789 and the part of Marie-Antoinette in them. Burke's account differs little from modern historians who have used primary sources. His use of flowery language to describe it, however, provoked both praise and criticism. Philip Francis wrote to Burke saying that what he wrote of Marie-Antoinette was "pure foppery". Edward Gibbon, however, reacted differently: "I adore his chivalry". Burke was informed by an Englishman who had talked with the Duchesse de Biron, that when Marie-Antoinette was reading the passage, she burst into tears and took considerable time to finish reading it. Price had rejoiced that the French king had been "led in triumph" during the October Days, but to Burke this symbolised the opposing revolutionary sentiment of the Jacobins and the natural sentiments of those who shared his own view with horror—that the ungallant assault on Marie-Antoinette—was a cowardly attack on a defenceless woman.

title: Edmund_Burke

title: Edmund_Burke

text: The

text: most

text: famous

text: passage

text: in

text: Burke

text: 's

text: Reflections

text: was

text: his

text: description

text: of

text: the

text: events

text: of

text: October

text: and

text: the

text: part

text: of

text: Marie

text: Antoinette

text: in

text: them

text: Burke

text: 's

text: account

text: differs

text: little

text: from

text: modern

text: historians

text: who

text: have

text: used

text: primary

text: sources

text: His

text: use

text: of

text: flowery

text: language

text: to

text: describe

text: it

text: however

text: provoked

text: both

text: praise

text: and

text: criticism

text: Philip

text: Francis

text: wrote

text: to

text: Burke

text: saying

text: that

text: what

text: he

text: wrote

text: of

text: Marie

text: Antoinette

text: was

text: pure

text: foppery

text: Edward

text: Gibbon

text: however

text: reacted

text: differently

text: I

text: adore

text: his

text: chivalry

text: Burke

text: was

text: informed

text: by

text: an

text: Englishman

text: who

text: had

text: talked

text: with

text: the

text: Duchesse

text: de

text: Biron

text: that

text: when

text: Marie

text: Antoinette

text: was

text: reading

text: the

text: passage

text: she

text: burst

text: into

text: tears

text: and

text: took

text: considerable

text: time

text: to

text: finish

text: reading

text: it

text: Price

text: had

text: rejoiced

text: that

text: the

text: French

text: king

text: had

text: been

text: led

text: in

text: triumph

text: during

text: the

text: October

text: Days

text: but

text: to

text: Burke

text: this

text: symbolised

text: the

text: opposing

text: revolutionary

text: sentiment

text: of

text: the

text: Jacobins

text: and

text: the

text: natural

text: sentiments

text: of

text: those

text: who

text: shared

text: his

text: own

text: view

text: with

text: horror

text: that

text: the

text: ungallant

text: assault

text: on

text: Marie

text: Antoinette

text: was

text: a

text: cowardly

text: attack

text: on

text: a

text: defenceless

text: woman

question: Who was featured in the most well-known part of Burke's Reflections?

answer: Marie-Antoinette

text: Marie-Antoinette

question: Who said Burke wrote 'pure foppery' about Marie-Antoinette?

answer: Philip Francis

text: Philip Francis

question: Who adored Burke's chivalry?

answer: Edward Gibbon

text: Edward Gibbon

question: How did Marie-Antoinette react to Burke's writing about her?

answer: she burst into tears

text: she burst into tears

question: What did Philip Francis call Marie-Antoinette?

text: pure foppery

question: When did Marie-Antoinette read Burke's writings?

text: 5–6 October 1789

question: How did Marie-Antoinette react to Edward Gibbon's praise?

text: she burst into tears

question: Who admired Francis's chivalry?

text: Edward Gibbon

question: Who thought the October Days were a cowardly attack on the Jacobins?

text: Burke


text: Modern Estonian orthography is based on the Newer Orthography created by Eduard Ahrens in the second half of the 19th century based on Finnish orthography. The Older Orthography it replaced was created in the 17th century by Bengt Gottfried Forselius and Johann Hornung based on standard German orthography. Earlier writing in Estonian had by and large used an ad hoc orthography based on Latin and Middle Low German orthography. Some influences of the standard German orthography — for example, writing 'W'/'w' instead of 'V'/'v' persisted well into the 1930s.

title: Estonian_language

title: Estonian_language

text: Modern

text: Estonian

text: orthography

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: Newer

text: Orthography

text: created

text: by

text: Eduard

text: Ahrens

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: based

text: on

text: Finnish

text: orthography

text: The

text: Older

text: Orthography

text: it

text: replaced

text: was

text: created

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: by

text: Bengt

text: Gottfried

text: Forselius

text: and

text: Johann

text: Hornung

text: based

text: on

text: standard

text: German

text: orthography

text: Earlier

text: writing

text: in

text: Estonian

text: had

text: by

text: and

text: large

text: used

text: an

text: ad

text: hoc

text: orthography

text: based

text: on

text: Latin

text: and

text: Middle

text: Low

text: German

text: orthography

text: Some

text: influences

text: of

text: the

text: standard

text: German

text: orthography

text: for

text: example

text: writing

text: W'/'w

text: instead

text: of

text: V'/'v

text: persisted

text: well

text: into

text: the

question: In what Orthagraphy does Modern Estonian orthography have its basis?

answer: Newer Orthography

text: Newer Orthography

question: Who is responsible for the creation of the Newer Orthography?

answer: Eduard Ahrens

text: Eduard Ahrens

question: In what century was the Newer Orthography created?

answer: 19th century

text: 19th century

question: Previous to the Newer Orthography what orthography was in place?

answer: Older Orthography

text: Older Orthography

question: From what other country's orthography did the Older Orthography get its basis?

answer: standard German orthography

text: standard German orthography

question: In what Orthagraphy does Modern Estonian orthography reject?

text: Newer Orthography

question: When was Eduard Ahrens born?

text: 19th century

question: When did Eduard Ahrens die?

text: 19th century

question: When did Newer Orthography end?

text: 19th century

question: When did German orthography stop being influential?


text: Railways must operate at variable speeds. Until the mid 1980s this was only practical with the brush-type DC motor, although such DC can be supplied from an AC catenary via on-board electric power conversion. Since such conversion was not well developed in the late 19th century and early 20th century, most early electrified railways used DC and many still do, particularly rapid transit (subways) and trams. Speed was controlled by connecting the traction motors in various series-parallel combinations, by varying the traction motors' fields, and by inserting and removing starting resistances to limit motor current.

title: Railway_electrification_system

title: Railway_electrification_system

text: Railways

text: must

text: operate

text: at

text: variable

text: speeds

text: Until

text: the

text: mid

text: this

text: was

text: only

text: practical

text: with

text: the

text: brush

text: type

text: DC

text: motor

text: although

text: such

text: DC

text: can

text: be

text: supplied

text: from

text: an

text: AC

text: catenary

text: via

text: on

text: board

text: electric

text: power

text: conversion

text: Since

text: such

text: conversion

text: was

text: not

text: well

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: and

text: early

text: century

text: most

text: early

text: electrified

text: railways

text: used

text: DC

text: and

text: many

text: still

text: do

text: particularly

text: rapid

text: transit

text: subways

text: and

text: trams

text: Speed

text: was

text: controlled

text: by

text: connecting

text: the

text: traction

text: motors

text: in

text: various

text: series

text: parallel

text: combinations

text: by

text: varying

text: the

text: traction

text: motors

text: fields

text: and

text: by

text: inserting

text: and

text: removing

text: starting

text: resistances

text: to

text: limit

text: motor

text: current

question: What is speed limit for railways?

answer: variable speeds

text: variable speeds

question: Why is DC motor being used more than AC type?

answer: conversion was not well developed

text: conversion was not well developed

question: What are two types of railway transportation still use DC motor?

answer: rapid transit (subways) and trams

text: rapid transit (subways) and trams

question: What must operate at constant speeds?

text: Railways

question: Speed was controlled by disconnecting the traction motors where?

text: in various series-parallel combinations

question: A brush-type BC motor operated at what speeds?

text: variable

question: All early electrified motors used what type of motor?

text: DC

question: Varying the transition motors' fields helped control what?

text: Speed


text: In April 1946, northern East Prussia became an official province of the Russian SFSR as the "Kyonigsbergskaya Oblast", with the Memel Territory becoming part of the Lithuanian SSR. In June 1946 114,070 German and 41,029 Soviet citizens were registered in the Oblast, with an unknown number of disregarded unregistered persons. In July of that year, the historic city of Königsberg was renamed Kaliningrad to honour Mikhail Kalinin and the area named the Kaliningrad Oblast. Between 24 August and 26 October 1948 21 transports with in total 42,094 Germans left the Oblast to the Soviet Occupation Zone (which became East Germany). The last remaining Germans left in November 1949 (1,401 persons) and January 1950 (7 persons).

title: East_Prussia

title: East_Prussia

text: In

text: April

text: northern

text: East

text: Prussia

text: became

text: an

text: official

text: province

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: SFSR

text: as

text: the

text: Kyonigsbergskaya

text: Oblast

text: with

text: the

text: Memel

text: Territory

text: becoming

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Lithuanian

text: SSR

text: In

text: June

text: German

text: and

text: Soviet

text: citizens

text: were

text: registered

text: in

text: the

text: Oblast

text: with

text: an

text: unknown

text: number

text: of

text: disregarded

text: unregistered

text: persons

text: In

text: July

text: of

text: that

text: year

text: the

text: historic

text: city

text: of

text: Königsberg

text: was

text: renamed

text: Kaliningrad

text: to

text: honour

text: Mikhail

text: Kalinin

text: and

text: the

text: area

text: named

text: the

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: Between

text: August

text: and

text: October

text: transports

text: with

text: in

text: total

text: Germans

text: left

text: the

text: Oblast

text: to

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Occupation

text: Zone

text: which

text: became

text: East

text: Germany

text: The

text: last

text: remaining

text: Germans

text: left

text: in

text: November

text: persons

text: and

text: January

text: persons

question: What year did East Prussia become an official province of Russia?

answer: 1946

question: In who's honor was the city named Kaliningrad from  Konigsberg?

answer: Mikhail Kalinin

text: Mikhail Kalinin

question: Between August 24th and October 26th how many German's left the Oblast to the Soviet Occupation zone?

answer: 42,094

question: How many unregistered persons were there in the Oblast?

question: How many people lived in Kaliningrad?

question: In what year was the Memel Territory established?

question: What had Konigsberg been named after?

text: Mikhail Kalinin

question: How many people had lived in the Memel Territory?


text: The company is often criticized by both the media and its own staff for its less upstanding policies regarding employee relations. A 2012 Reddit post written by an anonymous Comcast call center employee eager to share their negative experiences with the public received attention from publications including The Huffington Post. A 2014 investigative series published by The Verge involved interviews with 150 of Comcast's employees. It sought to examine why the company has become so widely criticized by its customers, the media and even members of its own staff. The series claimed part of the problem is internal and that Comcast's staff endures unreasonable corporate policies. According to the report: "customer service has been replaced by an obsession with sales; technicians are understaffed while tech support is poorly trained; and the company is hobbled by internal fragmentation." A widely read article penned by an anonymous call center employee working for Comcast appeared in November 2014 on Cracked. Titled "Five Nightmares You Live While Working For America's Worst Company," the article also claimed that Comcast is obsessed with sales, doesn't train its employees properly and concluded that "the system makes good customer service impossible."

title: Comcast

title: Comcast

text: The

text: company

text: is

text: often

text: criticized

text: by

text: both

text: the

text: media

text: and

text: its

text: own

text: staff

text: for

text: its

text: less

text: upstanding

text: policies

text: regarding

text: employee

text: relations

text: A

text: Reddit

text: post

text: written

text: by

text: an

text: anonymous

text: Comcast

text: call

text: center

text: employee

text: eager

text: to

text: share

text: their

text: negative

text: experiences

text: with

text: the

text: public

text: received

text: attention

text: from

text: publications

text: including

text: The

text: Huffington

text: Post

text: A

text: investigative

text: series

text: published

text: by

text: The

text: Verge

text: involved

text: interviews

text: with

text: of

text: Comcast

text: 's

text: employees

text: It

text: sought

text: to

text: examine

text: why

text: the

text: company

text: has

text: become

text: so

text: widely

text: criticized

text: by

text: its

text: customers

text: the

text: media

text: and

text: even

text: members

text: of

text: its

text: own

text: staff

text: The

text: series

text: claimed

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: problem

text: is

text: internal

text: and

text: that

text: Comcast

text: 's

text: staff

text: endures

text: unreasonable

text: corporate

text: policies

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: report

text: customer

text: service

text: has

text: been

text: replaced

text: by

text: an

text: obsession

text: with

text: sales

text: technicians

text: are

text: understaffed

text: while

text: tech

text: support

text: is

text: poorly

text: trained

text: and

text: the

text: company

text: is

text: hobbled

text: by

text: internal

text: fragmentation

text: A

text: widely

text: read

text: article

text: penned

text: by

text: an

text: anonymous

text: call

text: center

text: employee

text: working

text: for

text: Comcast

text: appeared

text: in

text: November

text: on

text: Cracked

text: Titled

text: Five

text: Nightmares

text: You

text: Live

text: While

text: Working

text: For

text: America

text: 's

text: Worst

text: Company

text: the

text: article

text: also

text: claimed

text: that

text: Comcast

text: is

text: obsessed

text: with

text: sales

text: does

text: n't

text: train

text: its

text: employees

text: properly

text: and

text: concluded

text: that

text: the

text: system

text: makes

text: good

text: customer

text: service

text: impossible

question: Besides customer problems, what other area is Comcast often criticized over?

answer: employee relations

text: employee relations

question: What online media outlet ran an investigative series on Comcast in 2014?

answer: The Verge

text: The Verge

question: How many Comcast employees were interviewed for that investigative report?

answer: 150

question: What online publication ran a feature from a Comcast employee in 2014 that received attention?

answer: Cracked

text: Cracked

question: What was this 2014 article anonymously penned by a Comcast Employee called?

answer: "Five Nightmares You Live While Working For America's Worst Company,"

text: "Five Nightmares You Live While Working For America's Worst Company,"

question: What did the Huffington post in 2014?

question: What social media platform interviewed Comcast employees?

text: Reddit

question: What was the name of The Verge's investigative series?

question: How many publications picked up the 2012 Reddit post?

question: What has Comcast replaced its obsession with sales with?

text: customer service


text: The iPod line can play several audio file formats including MP3, AAC/M4A, Protected AAC, AIFF, WAV, Audible audiobook, and Apple Lossless. The iPod photo introduced the ability to display JPEG, BMP, GIF, TIFF, and PNG image file formats. Fifth and sixth generation iPod Classics, as well as third generation iPod Nanos, can additionally play MPEG-4 (H.264/MPEG-4 AVC) and QuickTime video formats, with restrictions on video dimensions, encoding techniques and data-rates. Originally, iPod software only worked with Mac OS; iPod software for Microsoft Windows was launched with the second generation model. Unlike most other media players, Apple does not support Microsoft's WMA audio format—but a converter for WMA files without Digital Rights Management (DRM) is provided with the Windows version of iTunes. MIDI files also cannot be played, but can be converted to audio files using the "Advanced" menu in iTunes. Alternative open-source audio formats, such as Ogg Vorbis and FLAC, are not supported without installing custom firmware onto an iPod (e.g., Rockbox).

title: IPod

title: IPod

text: The

text: iPod

text: line

text: can

text: play

text: several

text: audio

text: file

text: formats

text: including

text: AAC

text: Protected

text: AAC

text: AIFF

text: WAV

text: Audible

text: audiobook

text: and

text: Apple

text: Lossless

text: The

text: iPod

text: photo

text: introduced

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: display

text: JPEG

text: BMP

text: GIF

text: TIFF

text: and

text: PNG

text: image

text: file

text: formats

text: Fifth

text: and

text: sixth

text: generation

text: iPod

text: Classics

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: third

text: generation

text: iPod

text: Nanos

text: can

text: additionally

text: play

text: AVC

text: and

text: QuickTime

text: video

text: formats

text: with

text: restrictions

text: on

text: video

text: dimensions

text: encoding

text: techniques

text: and

text: data

text: rates

text: Originally

text: iPod

text: software

text: only

text: worked

text: with

text: Mac

text: OS

text: iPod

text: software

text: for

text: Microsoft

text: Windows

text: was

text: launched

text: with

text: the

text: second

text: generation

text: model

text: Unlike

text: most

text: other

text: media

text: players

text: Apple

text: does

text: not

text: support

text: Microsoft

text: 's

text: WMA

text: audio

text: format

text: but

text: a

text: converter

text: for

text: WMA

text: files

text: without

text: Digital

text: Rights

text: Management

text: DRM

text: is

text: provided

text: with

text: the

text: Windows

text: version

text: of

text: iTunes

text: MIDI

text: files

text: also

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: played

text: but

text: can

text: be

text: converted

text: to

text: audio

text: files

text: using

text: the

text: Advanced

text: menu

text: in

text: iTunes

text: Alternative

text: open

text: source

text: audio

text: formats

text: such

text: as

text: Ogg

text: Vorbis

text: and

text: FLAC

text: are

text: not

text: supported

text: without

text: installing

text: custom

text: firmware

text: onto

text: an

text: iPod

text: e.g.

text: Rockbox

question: What is the name of an audio format developed by Apple?

answer: Apple Lossless

text: Apple Lossless

question: Which product enabled users to view images on the device?

answer: iPod photo

text: iPod photo

question: What Microsoft media format is not natively supported by Apple devices?

answer: WMA

text: WMA

question: What does DRM stand for?

answer: Digital Rights Management

text: Digital Rights Management

question: What computer OS did iPod software exclusively work with at launch?

answer: Mac OS

text: Mac OS

question: What are some examples of audio formats supported by the iPod?

answer: MP3, AAC/M4A, Protected AAC, AIFF, WAV, Audible audiobook, and Apple Lossless

text: MP3, AAC/M4A, Protected AAC, AIFF, WAV, Audible audiobook, and Apple Lossless

question: What was the first model to support JPEG and other still image formats?

answer: iPod photo

text: iPod photo


text: Modern historiography on the period has reached a consensus between the two extremes of innovation and crisis. It is now (generally) acknowledged that conditions were vastly different north and south of the Alps, and "Late Middle Ages" is often avoided entirely within Italian historiography. The term "Renaissance" is still considered useful for describing certain intellectual, cultural, or artistic developments, but not as the defining feature of an entire European historical epoch. The period from the early 14th century up until – and sometimes including – the 16th century, is rather seen as characterised by other trends: demographic and economic decline followed by recovery, the end of western religious unity and the subsequent emergence of the nation state, and the expansion of European influence onto the rest of the world.

title: Late_Middle_Ages

title: Late_Middle_Ages

text: Modern

text: historiography

text: on

text: the

text: period

text: has

text: reached

text: a

text: consensus

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: extremes

text: of

text: innovation

text: and

text: crisis

text: It

text: is

text: now

text: generally

text: acknowledged

text: that

text: conditions

text: were

text: vastly

text: different

text: north

text: and

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: and

text: Late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: is

text: often

text: avoided

text: entirely

text: within

text: Italian

text: historiography

text: The

text: term

text: Renaissance

text: is

text: still

text: considered

text: useful

text: for

text: describing

text: certain

text: intellectual

text: cultural

text: or

text: artistic

text: developments

text: but

text: not

text: as

text: the

text: defining

text: feature

text: of

text: an

text: entire

text: European

text: historical

text: epoch

text: The

text: period

text: from

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: up

text: until

text: and

text: sometimes

text: including

text: the

text: century

text: is

text: rather

text: seen

text: as

text: characterised

text: by

text: other

text: trends

text: demographic

text: and

text: economic

text: decline

text: followed

text: by

text: recovery

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: western

text: religious

text: unity

text: and

text: the

text: subsequent

text: emergence

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: state

text: and

text: the

text: expansion

text: of

text: European

text: influence

text: onto

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: world

question: What geopolitical entity emerged from the Late Middle Ages?

answer: the nation state

text: the nation state

question: Which mountain range is seen as a dividing line when considering conditions during the Middle Ages?

answer: the Alps

text: the Alps

question: The Renaissance is generally used to describe developments in what areas of life in the Middle Ages?

answer: intellectual, cultural, or artistic

text: intellectual, cultural, or artistic

question: Which centuries are considered to be part of the Late Middle Ages?

answer: early 14th century up until – and sometimes including – the 16th century

text: early 14th century up until – and sometimes including – the 16th century

question: What was the general effect of the Late Middle Ages on religion?

answer: the end of western religious unity

text: the end of western religious unity

question: What geopolitical entity faded from the Late Middle Ages?

text: the nation state

question: Which mountain range isn't seen as a dividing line when considering conditions during the Middle Ages?

text: the Alps

question: The Renaissance is never used to describe developments in what areas of life in the Middle Ages?

text: intellectual, cultural, or artistic

question: Which centuries are considered not to be part of the Late Middle Ages?

question: What was the general effect of the Late Middle Ages on science?

text: the end of western religious unity


text: Ronald Inden writes that by the 8th century CE symbols of Hindu gods "replaced the Buddha at the imperial centre and pinnacle of the cosmo-political system, the image or symbol of the Hindu god comes to be housed in a monumental temple and given increasingly elaborate imperial-style puja worship". Although Buddhism did not disappear from India for several centuries after the eighth, royal proclivities for the cults of Vishnu and Shiva weakened Buddhism's position within the sociopolitical context and helped make possible its decline.

title: History_of_India

title: History_of_India

text: Ronald

text: Inden

text: writes

text: that

text: by

text: the

text: century

text: CE

text: symbols

text: of

text: Hindu

text: gods

text: replaced

text: the

text: Buddha

text: at

text: the

text: imperial

text: centre

text: and

text: pinnacle

text: of

text: the

text: cosmo

text: political

text: system

text: the

text: image

text: or

text: symbol

text: of

text: the

text: Hindu

text: god

text: comes

text: to

text: be

text: housed

text: in

text: a

text: monumental

text: temple

text: and

text: given

text: increasingly

text: elaborate

text: imperial

text: style

text: puja

text: worship

text: Although

text: Buddhism

text: did

text: not

text: disappear

text: from

text: India

text: for

text: several

text: centuries

text: after

text: the

text: eighth

text: royal

text: proclivities

text: for

text: the

text: cults

text: of

text: Vishnu

text: and

text: Shiva

text: weakened

text: Buddhism

text: 's

text: position

text: within

text: the

text: sociopolitical

text: context

text: and

text: helped

text: make

text: possible

text: its

text: decline

question: What cults weakened Buddhism in India?

answer: Vishnu and Shiva

text: Vishnu and Shiva

question: What replaced Buddha in ruling centers?

answer: Hindu gods

text: Hindu gods

question: What kind of temples were built for Hindu Gods?

answer: monumental

text: monumental

question: What was the style of worship of Hindu Gods?

answer: elaborate

text: elaborate

question: By what dentury did Buddhism disappear form much of India?

answer: eighth

text: eighth


text: The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) compile data from over 17,000 law enforcement agencies across the country. They provide detailed data regarding the volume of crimes to include arrest, clearance (or closing a case), and law enforcement officer information. The UCR focuses its data collection on violent crimes, hate crimes, and property crimes. Created in the 1920s, the UCR system has not proven to be as uniform as its name implies. The UCR data only reflect the most serious offense in the case of connected crimes and has a very restrictive definition of rape. Since about 93% of the data submitted to the FBI is in this format, the UCR stands out as the publication of choice as most states require law enforcement agencies to submit this data.

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

text: The

text: Uniform

text: Crime

text: Reports

text: UCR

text: compile

text: data

text: from

text: over

text: law

text: enforcement

text: agencies

text: across

text: the

text: country

text: They

text: provide

text: detailed

text: data

text: regarding

text: the

text: volume

text: of

text: crimes

text: to

text: include

text: arrest

text: clearance

text: or

text: closing

text: a

text: case

text: and

text: law

text: enforcement

text: officer

text: information

text: The

text: UCR

text: focuses

text: its

text: data

text: collection

text: on

text: violent

text: crimes

text: hate

text: crimes

text: and

text: property

text: crimes

text: Created

text: in

text: the

text: the

text: UCR

text: system

text: has

text: not

text: proven

text: to

text: be

text: as

text: uniform

text: as

text: its

text: name

text: implies

text: The

text: UCR

text: data

text: only

text: reflect

text: the

text: most

text: serious

text: offense

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: connected

text: crimes

text: and

text: has

text: a

text: very

text: restrictive

text: definition

text: of

text: rape

text: Since

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: data

text: submitted

text: to

text: the

text: FBI

text: is

text: in

text: this

text: format

text: the

text: UCR

text: stands

text: out

text: as

text: the

text: publication

text: of

text: choice

text: as

text: most

text: states

text: require

text: law

text: enforcement

text: agencies

text: to

text: submit

text: this

text: data

question: What compiles data from around 17,000 law enforcement agencies?

answer: The Uniform Crime Reports

text: The Uniform Crime Reports

question: What does UCR focus on?

answer: violent crimes, hate crimes, and property crimes

text: violent crimes, hate crimes, and property crimes

question: Where was the UCR created?

answer: 1920s

question: What agency compiles data from law enforcement agencies outside of the country?

text: Uniform Crime Reports

question: What kind of crimes does the UCR not focus on?

question: When was the UCR disbanded?

question: What percent of data submitted to the CIA is in this format?

question: What does not require law enforcement agencies to submit this data?

text: most states


text: The air force includes the 449th Helicopter Gunship Squadron (449 ΜΑΕ) – operating Aérospatiale SA-342L and Bell 206 and the 450th Helicopter Gunship Squadron (450 ME/P) – operating Mi-35P helicopters and the Britten-Norman BN-2B and Pilatus PC-9 fixed-wing aircraft. Current senior officers include Supreme Commander, Cypriot National Guard, Lt. General Stylianos Nasis, and Chief of Staff, Cypriot National Guard: Maj. General Michalis Flerianos.[citation needed] The Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion, which occurred on 11 July 2011, was the most deadly military accident ever recorded in Cyprus.

title: Cyprus

title: Cyprus

text: The

text: air

text: force

text: includes

text: the

text: Helicopter

text: Gunship

text: Squadron

text: ΜΑΕ

text: operating

text: Aérospatiale

text: and

text: Bell

text: and

text: the

text: Helicopter

text: Gunship

text: Squadron

text: ME

text: P

text: operating

text: helicopters

text: and

text: the

text: Britten

text: Norman

text: and

text: Pilatus

text: fixed

text: wing

text: aircraft

text: Current

text: senior

text: officers

text: include

text: Supreme

text: Commander

text: Cypriot

text: National

text: Guard

text: Lt

text: General

text: Stylianos

text: Nasis

text: and

text: Chief

text: of

text: Staff

text: Cypriot

text: National

text: Guard

text: Maj

text: General

text: Michalis

text: Flerianos.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: Evangelos

text: Florakis

text: Naval

text: Base

text: explosion

text: which

text: occurred

text: on

text: July

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: deadly

text: military

text: accident

text: ever

text: recorded

text: in

text: Cyprus

question: What incident was the most deadly military accident that occurred on Cyprus?

answer: Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion

text: Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion

question: What date did the Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion occur?

answer: 11 July 2011

text: 11 July 2011

question: What is one of the senior officer titles of the Cyprus air force?

answer: Supreme Commander

text: Supreme Commander


text: Research into LCPS (low cost private schools) found that over 5 years to July 2013, debate around LCPSs to achieving Education for All (EFA) objectives was polarised and finding growing coverage in international policy. The polarisation was due to disputes around whether the schools are affordable for the poor, reach disadvantaged groups, provide quality education, support or undermine equality, and are financially sustainable. The report examined the main challenges encountered by development organisations which support LCPSs. Surveys suggest these types of schools are expanding across Africa and Asia. This success is attributed to excess demand. These surveys found concern for:

title: Education

title: Education

text: Research

text: into

text: LCPS

text: low

text: cost

text: private

text: schools

text: found

text: that

text: over

text: years

text: to

text: July

text: debate

text: around

text: LCPSs

text: to

text: achieving

text: Education

text: for

text: All

text: EFA

text: objectives

text: was

text: polarised

text: and

text: finding

text: growing

text: coverage

text: in

text: international

text: policy

text: The

text: polarisation

text: was

text: due

text: to

text: disputes

text: around

text: whether

text: the

text: schools

text: are

text: affordable

text: for

text: the

text: poor

text: reach

text: disadvantaged

text: groups

text: provide

text: quality

text: education

text: support

text: or

text: undermine

text: equality

text: and

text: are

text: financially

text: sustainable

text: The

text: report

text: examined

text: the

text: main

text: challenges

text: encountered

text: by

text: development

text: organisations

text: which

text: support

text: LCPSs

text: Surveys

text: suggest

text: these

text: types

text: of

text: schools

text: are

text: expanding

text: across

text: Africa

text: and

text: Asia

text: This

text: success

text: is

text: attributed

text: to

text: excess

text: demand

text: These

text: surveys

text: found

text: concern

text: for

question: What does LCPS stand for?

answer: low cost private schools

text: low cost private schools

question: What was the reason for the polarisation for affordable schooling?

answer: disputes around whether the schools are affordable for the poor

text: disputes around whether the schools are affordable for the poor

question: Where are these types of school spreading across?

answer: Africa and Asia

text: Africa and Asia

question: What does LCPS not stand for?

text: low cost private schools

question: What was the reason for the polarisation for non-affordable schooling?

question: Where are these types of school not spreading across?

text: Africa and Asia

question: What is the failure attributed to?

text: excess demand

question: What did not reach disadvantaged groups?

text: low cost private schools


text: According to Walter Gratzer, the study of nutrition probably began during the 6th century BC. In China, the concept of Qi developed, a spirit or "wind" similar to what Western Europeans later called pneuma. Food was classified into "hot" (for example, meats, blood, ginger, and hot spices) and "cold" (green vegetables) in China, India, Malaya, and Persia. Humours developed perhaps first in China alongside qi. Ho the Physician concluded that diseases are caused by deficiencies of elements (Wu Xing: fire, water, earth, wood, and metal), and he classified diseases as well as prescribed diets. About the same time in Italy, Alcmaeon of Croton (a Greek) wrote of the importance of equilibrium between what goes in and what goes out, and warned that imbalance would result disease marked by obesity or emaciation.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: According

text: to

text: Walter

text: Gratzer

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: nutrition

text: probably

text: began

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: BC

text: In

text: China

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: Qi

text: developed

text: a

text: spirit

text: or

text: wind

text: similar

text: to

text: what

text: Western

text: Europeans

text: later

text: called

text: pneuma

text: Food

text: was

text: classified

text: into

text: hot

text: for

text: example

text: meats

text: blood

text: ginger

text: and

text: hot

text: spices

text: and

text: cold

text: green

text: vegetables

text: in

text: China

text: India

text: Malaya

text: and

text: Persia

text: Humours

text: developed

text: perhaps

text: first

text: in

text: China

text: alongside

text: qi

text: Ho

text: the

text: Physician

text: concluded

text: that

text: diseases

text: are

text: caused

text: by

text: deficiencies

text: of

text: elements

text: Wu

text: Xing

text: fire

text: water

text: earth

text: wood

text: and

text: metal

text: and

text: he

text: classified

text: diseases

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: prescribed

text: diets

text: About

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: in

text: Italy

text: Alcmaeon

text: of

text: Croton

text: a

text: Greek

text: wrote

text: of

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: equilibrium

text: between

text: what

text: goes

text: in

text: and

text: what

text: goes

text: out

text: and

text: warned

text: that

text: imbalance

text: would

text: result

text: disease

text: marked

text: by

text: obesity

text: or

text: emaciation

question: In which time period did the study of nutrition begin?

answer: 6th century BC

text: 6th century BC

question: What is the European equivalent of "Qi"?

answer: pneuma

text: pneuma

question: What kind of food classification does ginger belong to?

answer: hot

text: hot

question: What nationality was Alcmaeon of Croton?

answer: Greek

text: Greek

question: Other than obesity, what else would trademark an imbalance in nutrition?

answer: emaciation

text: emaciation


text: In this paper, he described a new system for storing and working with large databases. Instead of records being stored in some sort of linked list of free-form records as in CODASYL, Codd's idea was to use a "table" of fixed-length records, with each table used for a different type of entity. A linked-list system would be very inefficient when storing "sparse" databases where some of the data for any one record could be left empty. The relational model solved this by splitting the data into a series of normalized tables (or relations), with optional elements being moved out of the main table to where they would take up room only if needed. Data may be freely inserted, deleted and edited in these tables, with the DBMS doing whatever maintenance needed to present a table view to the application/user.

title: Database

title: Database

text: In

text: this

text: paper

text: he

text: described

text: a

text: new

text: system

text: for

text: storing

text: and

text: working

text: with

text: large

text: databases

text: Instead

text: of

text: records

text: being

text: stored

text: in

text: some

text: sort

text: of

text: linked

text: list

text: of

text: free

text: form

text: records

text: as

text: in

text: CODASYL

text: Codd

text: 's

text: idea

text: was

text: to

text: use

text: a

text: table

text: of

text: fixed

text: length

text: records

text: with

text: each

text: table

text: used

text: for

text: a

text: different

text: type

text: of

text: entity

text: A

text: linked

text: list

text: system

text: would

text: be

text: very

text: inefficient

text: when

text: storing

text: sparse

text: databases

text: where

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: data

text: for

text: any

text: one

text: record

text: could

text: be

text: left

text: empty

text: The

text: relational

text: model

text: solved

text: this

text: by

text: splitting

text: the

text: data

text: into

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: normalized

text: tables

text: or

text: relations

text: with

text: optional

text: elements

text: being

text: moved

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: table

text: to

text: where

text: they

text: would

text: take

text: up

text: room

text: only

text: if

text: needed

text: Data

text: may

text: be

text: freely

text: inserted

text: deleted

text: and

text: edited

text: in

text: these

text: tables

text: with

text: the

text: DBMS

text: doing

text: whatever

text: maintenance

text: needed

text: to

text: present

text: a

text: table

text: view

text: to

text: the

text: application

text: user

question: Who proposed using a table to store data?

answer: Codd

text: Codd

question: How is data accessed in a table?

answer: A linked-list system

text: A linked-list system

question: What model solved the problem of databases where information was missing?

answer: relational

text: relational

question: What system assists a user in seeing a table?

answer: DBMS

text: DBMS

question: Who proposed using a table to remove data?

text: Codd

question: How is data lost in a table?

text: A linked-list system

question: What model couldn't solve the problem of databases where information was missing?

text: relational

question: What system can't assist a user in seeing a table?

text: DBMS


text: The Cork area has seen improvements in road infrastructure in recent years. For example, the Cork South Link dual carriageway was built in the early 1980s, to link the Kinsale Road roundabout with the city centre. Shortly afterwards, the first sections of the South Ring dual carriageway were opened. Work continued through the 1990s on extending the N25 South Ring Road, with the opening of the Jack Lynch Tunnel under the River Lee being a significant addition. The Kinsale Road flyover opened in August 2006 to remove a bottleneck for traffic heading to Cork Airport or Killarney. Other projects completed at this time include the N20 Blackpool bypass and the N20 Cork to Mallow road projects. The N22 Ballincollig dual carriageway bypass, which links to the Western end of the Cork Southern Ring road was opened in September 2004. City Centre road improvements include the Patrick Street project - which reconstructed the street with a pedestrian focus. The M8 motorway links Cork with Dublin.

title: Cork_(city)

title: Cork_(city

text: The

text: Cork

text: area

text: has

text: seen

text: improvements

text: in

text: road

text: infrastructure

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: Cork

text: South

text: Link

text: dual

text: carriageway

text: was

text: built

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: to

text: link

text: the

text: Kinsale

text: Road

text: roundabout

text: with

text: the

text: city

text: centre

text: Shortly

text: afterwards

text: the

text: first

text: sections

text: of

text: the

text: South

text: Ring

text: dual

text: carriageway

text: were

text: opened

text: Work

text: continued

text: through

text: the

text: on

text: extending

text: the

text: South

text: Ring

text: Road

text: with

text: the

text: opening

text: of

text: the

text: Jack

text: Lynch

text: Tunnel

text: under

text: the

text: River

text: Lee

text: being

text: a

text: significant

text: addition

text: The

text: Kinsale

text: Road

text: flyover

text: opened

text: in

text: August

text: to

text: remove

text: a

text: bottleneck

text: for

text: traffic

text: heading

text: to

text: Cork

text: Airport

text: or

text: Killarney

text: Other

text: projects

text: completed

text: at

text: this

text: time

text: include

text: the

text: Blackpool

text: bypass

text: and

text: the

text: Cork

text: to

text: Mallow

text: road

text: projects

text: The

text: Ballincollig

text: dual

text: carriageway

text: bypass

text: which

text: links

text: to

text: the

text: Western

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Cork

text: Southern

text: Ring

text: road

text: was

text: opened

text: in

text: September

text: City

text: Centre

text: road

text: improvements

text: include

text: the

text: Patrick

text: Street

text: project

text: which

text: reconstructed

text: the

text: street

text: with

text: a

text: pedestrian

text: focus

text: The

text: motorway

text: links

text: Cork

text: with

text: Dublin

question: When was the Cork South Link dual carriageway built?

answer: 1980s

question: What was the purpose of the dual carriageway?

answer: to link the Kinsale Road roundabout with the city centre

text: to link the Kinsale Road roundabout with the city centre

question: What was the purpose of the Kinsale Road flyover?

answer: remove a bottleneck for traffic heading to Cork Airport or Killarney

text: remove a bottleneck for traffic heading to Cork Airport or Killarney

question: What was a beneficial improvement made to Patrick Street?

answer: pedestrian focus

text: pedestrian focus

question: When was Kinsale Road built?

question: What was linked to The Kinsale Road roundabout in the 1990's?

text: city centre

question: What tunnel passes over the Lee River?

text: Jack Lynch Tunnel

question: What Links Patrick Street with Dublin?

text: M8 motorway

question: In what year was the Kinsale Road roundabout built?

text: the early 1980s

question: Why did the N25 South Ring Road open in 2006?

text: to remove a bottleneck

question: From who would the N25 South Ring Road help remove the bottleneck?

question: What does the Jack Lynch Tunnel link Mallow with?

text: Dublin

question: What improvement was made to N20 Blackpool bypass to make it safer?

text: pedestrian focus


text: During the Neolithic Era, before the onset of desertification, around 9500 BCE the central Sudan had been a rich environment supporting a large population ranging across what is now barren desert, like the Wadi el-Qa'ab. By the 5th millennium BCE, the people who inhabited what is now called Nubia, were full participants in the "agricultural revolution", living a settled lifestyle with domesticated plants and animals. Saharan rock art of cattle and herdsmen suggests the presence of a cattle cult like those found in Sudan and other pastoral societies in Africa today. Megaliths found at Nabta Playa are overt examples of probably the world's first known archaeoastronomy devices, predating Stonehenge by some 2,000 years. This complexity, as observed at Nabta Playa, and as expressed by different levels of authority within the society there, likely formed the basis for the structure of both the Neolithic society at Nabta and the Old Kingdom of Egypt.

title: Sahara

title: Sahara

text: During

text: the

text: Neolithic

text: Era

text: before

text: the

text: onset

text: of

text: desertification

text: around

text: BCE

text: the

text: central

text: Sudan

text: had

text: been

text: a

text: rich

text: environment

text: supporting

text: a

text: large

text: population

text: ranging

text: across

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: barren

text: desert

text: like

text: the

text: Wadi

text: el

text: Qa'ab

text: By

text: the

text: millennium

text: BCE

text: the

text: people

text: who

text: inhabited

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: called

text: Nubia

text: were

text: full

text: participants

text: in

text: the

text: agricultural

text: revolution

text: living

text: a

text: settled

text: lifestyle

text: with

text: domesticated

text: plants

text: and

text: animals

text: Saharan

text: rock

text: art

text: of

text: cattle

text: and

text: herdsmen

text: suggests

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: a

text: cattle

text: cult

text: like

text: those

text: found

text: in

text: Sudan

text: and

text: other

text: pastoral

text: societies

text: in

text: Africa

text: today

text: Megaliths

text: found

text: at

text: Nabta

text: Playa

text: are

text: overt

text: examples

text: of

text: probably

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: known

text: archaeoastronomy

text: devices

text: predating

text: Stonehenge

text: by

text: some

text: years

text: This

text: complexity

text: as

text: observed

text: at

text: Nabta

text: Playa

text: and

text: as

text: expressed

text: by

text: different

text: levels

text: of

text: authority

text: within

text: the

text: society

text: there

text: likely

text: formed

text: the

text: basis

text: for

text: the

text: structure

text: of

text: both

text: the

text: Neolithic

text: society

text: at

text: Nabta

text: and

text: the

text: Old

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Egypt

question: During what era was the central Sudan rich in environment?

answer: Neolithic Era

text: Neolithic Era

question: What kind of rock art was found in the Sudan?

answer: cattle and herdsmen

text: cattle and herdsmen

question: What are examples of the first known archaeoastronomy   found in Nabta Playa?

answer: Megaliths

text: Megaliths

question: When was the onset of desertification?

text: around 9500 BCE

question: What was the barren desert Nubia once called?

text: Wadi el-Qa'ab

question: When was Stonehenge created?

text: 5th millennium BCE

question: What astronomy devices were built in the Wadi el-Qa'ab?

text: Megaliths

question: What kind of lifestyle did the people of the Old Kingdom of Egypt have?