text: Kerry "has emerged in the past few years as an important envoy for Afghanistan and Pakistan during times of crisis," a Washington Post report stated in May 2011, as Kerry undertook another trip to the two countries. The killing of Osama bin Laden "has generated perhaps the most important crossroads yet," the report continued, as the senator spoke at a press conference and prepared to fly from Kabul to Pakistan. Among matters discussed during the May visit to Pakistan, under the general rubric of "recalibrating" the bilateral relationship, Kerry sought and retrieved from the Pakistanis the tail-section of the U.S. helicopter which had had to be abandoned at Abbottabad during the bin Laden strike. In 2013, Kerry met with Pakistan's army chief Gen. Ashfaq Parvez Kayani to discuss the peace process with the Taliban in Afghanistan.

title: John_Kerry

title: John_Kerry

text: Kerry

text: has

text: emerged

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: few

text: years

text: as

text: an

text: important

text: envoy

text: for

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Pakistan

text: during

text: times

text: of

text: crisis

text: a

text: Washington

text: Post

text: report

text: stated

text: in

text: May

text: as

text: Kerry

text: undertook

text: another

text: trip

text: to

text: the

text: two

text: countries

text: The

text: killing

text: of

text: Osama

text: bin

text: Laden

text: has

text: generated

text: perhaps

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: crossroads

text: yet

text: the

text: report

text: continued

text: as

text: the

text: senator

text: spoke

text: at

text: a

text: press

text: conference

text: and

text: prepared

text: to

text: fly

text: from

text: Kabul

text: to

text: Pakistan

text: Among

text: matters

text: discussed

text: during

text: the

text: May

text: visit

text: to

text: Pakistan

text: under

text: the

text: general

text: rubric

text: of

text: recalibrating

text: the

text: bilateral

text: relationship

text: Kerry

text: sought

text: and

text: retrieved

text: from

text: the

text: Pakistanis

text: the

text: tail

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: helicopter

text: which

text: had

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: abandoned

text: at

text: Abbottabad

text: during

text: the

text: bin

text: Laden

text: strike

text: In

text: Kerry

text: met

text: with

text: Pakistan

text: 's

text: army

text: chief

text: Gen.

text: Ashfaq

text: Parvez

text: Kayani

text: to

text: discuss

text: the

text: peace

text: process

text: with

text: the

text: Taliban

text: in

text: Afghanistan

question: Who did the Washington Post say Kerry was an envoy for?

answer: Afghanistan and Pakistan

text: Afghanistan and Pakistan

question: When did the Washington Post say Kerry was important envoy?

answer: May 2011

text: May 2011

question: How, in May 2011, did the WaPo describe Bin Laden's killing?

answer: perhaps the most important crossroads yet

text: perhaps the most important crossroads yet

question: What did Kerry get from the Pakistanis?

answer: the tail-section of the U.S. helicopter which had had to be abandoned at Abbottabad during the bin Laden strike

text: the tail-section of the U.S. helicopter which had had to be abandoned at Abbottabad during the bin Laden strike

question: Who was Pakistan's army chief in 2013?

answer: Gen. Ashfaq Parvez Kayani

text: Gen. Ashfaq Parvez Kayani


text: Educational attainment: In 2000, according to the U.S. Census, out of the nearly 800,000 people in the Bronx who were then at least 25 years old, 62.3% had graduated from high school and 14.6% held a bachelor's or higher college degree. These percentages were lower than those for New York's other boroughs, which ranged from 68.8% (Brooklyn) to 82.6% (Staten Island) for high school graduates over 24, and from 21.8% (Brooklyn) to 49.4% (Manhattan) for college graduates. (The respective state and national percentages were [NY] 79.1% & 27.4% and [US] 80.4% & 24.4%.)

title: The_Bronx

title: The_Bronx

text: Educational

text: attainment

text: In

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Census

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: nearly

text: people

text: in

text: the

text: Bronx

text: who

text: were

text: then

text: at

text: least

text: years

text: old

text: had

text: graduated

text: from

text: high

text: school

text: and

text: held

text: a

text: bachelor

text: 's

text: or

text: higher

text: college

text: degree

text: These

text: percentages

text: were

text: lower

text: than

text: those

text: for

text: New

text: York

text: 's

text: other

text: boroughs

text: which

text: ranged

text: from

text: Brooklyn

text: to

text: Staten

text: Island

text: for

text: high

text: school

text: graduates

text: over

text: and

text: from

text: Brooklyn

text: to

text: Manhattan

text: for

text: college

text: graduates

text: The

text: respective

text: state

text: and

text: national

text: percentages

text: were

text: NY

text: and

text: US

question: What percent of the Bronx population has a high school diploma, as of 2000?

answer: 62.3%

question: What percent of the Bronx population has a university degree, as of 2000?

answer: 14.6%

question: What percent of the Brooklyn population has a high school diploma, as of 2000?

answer: 68.8%

question: What percent of the Staten Island population has a high school diploma, as of 2000?

answer: 82.6%

question: What percent of the Manhattan population has a university degree, as of 2000?

answer: 49.4%


text: In previous times, at the consistory at which the pope named a new cardinal, he would bestow upon him a distinctive wide-brimmed hat called a galero. This custom was discontinued in 1969 and the investiture now takes place with the scarlet biretta. In ecclesiastical heraldry, however, the scarlet galero is still displayed on the cardinal's coat of arms. Cardinals had the right to display the galero in their cathedral, and when a cardinal died, it would be suspended from the ceiling above his tomb. Some cardinals will still have a galero made, even though it is not officially part of their apparel.[citation needed]

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism)

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism

text: In

text: previous

text: times

text: at

text: the

text: consistory

text: at

text: which

text: the

text: pope

text: named

text: a

text: new

text: cardinal

text: he

text: would

text: bestow

text: upon

text: him

text: a

text: distinctive

text: wide

text: brimmed

text: hat

text: called

text: a

text: galero

text: This

text: custom

text: was

text: discontinued

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: investiture

text: now

text: takes

text: place

text: with

text: the

text: scarlet

text: biretta

text: In

text: ecclesiastical

text: heraldry

text: however

text: the

text: scarlet

text: galero

text: is

text: still

text: displayed

text: on

text: the

text: cardinal

text: 's

text: coat

text: of

text: arms

text: Cardinals

text: had

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: display

text: the

text: galero

text: in

text: their

text: cathedral

text: and

text: when

text: a

text: cardinal

text: died

text: it

text: would

text: be

text: suspended

text: from

text: the

text: ceiling

text: above

text: his

text: tomb

text: Some

text: cardinals

text: will

text: still

text: have

text: a

text: galero

text: made

text: even

text: though

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: officially

text: part

text: of

text: their

text: apparel.[citation

text: needed

question: What is the name of the hat that the pope used to wear when naming a new Cardinal?

answer: a galero.

text: a galero.

question: In what year did the practice of donning this item stop?

answer: 1969

question: What does the pope now wear when naming a new Cardinal?

answer: scarlet biretta

text: scarlet biretta

question: What was the name of the hat bestowed upon a pope upon his naming?

text: galero

question: What custom was discontinued in 1959?

question: What do cardinals not have the right to display in their cathedral?

text: galero

question: What would happen to a pope's gelero when he dies?

question: What is officially part of a cardinals apparel?

text: galero


text: It is possible to use the impedance matching concepts to construct vertical antennas substantially shorter than the 1⁄4 wavelength at which the antenna is resonant. By adding an inductance in series with the antenna, a so-called loading coil, the capacitive reactance of this antenna can be cancelled leaving a pure resistance which can then be matched to the transmission line. Sometimes the resulting resonant frequency of such a system (antenna plus matching network) is described using the construct of electrical length and the use of a shorter antenna at a lower frequency than its resonant frequency is termed electrical lengthening.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: It

text: is

text: possible

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: impedance

text: matching

text: concepts

text: to

text: construct

text: vertical

text: antennas

text: substantially

text: shorter

text: than

text: the

text: wavelength

text: at

text: which

text: the

text: antenna

text: is

text: resonant

text: By

text: adding

text: an

text: inductance

text: in

text: series

text: with

text: the

text: antenna

text: a

text: so

text: called

text: loading

text: coil

text: the

text: capacitive

text: reactance

text: of

text: this

text: antenna

text: can

text: be

text: cancelled

text: leaving

text: a

text: pure

text: resistance

text: which

text: can

text: then

text: be

text: matched

text: to

text: the

text: transmission

text: line

text: Sometimes

text: the

text: resulting

text: resonant

text: frequency

text: of

text: such

text: a

text: system

text: antenna

text: plus

text: matching

text: network

text: is

text: described

text: using

text: the

text: construct

text: of

text: electrical

text: length

text: and

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: a

text: shorter

text: antenna

text: at

text: a

text: lower

text: frequency

text: than

text: its

text: resonant

text: frequency

text: is

text: termed

text: electrical

text: lengthening

question: What could be coupled with an antenna to form pure resistance?

answer: inductance

text: inductance

question: What element would this pure resistance be coupled with?

answer: transmission line

text: transmission line

question: What phrase describes the process of purposely using a lower standing antenna at a less than peak frequency?

answer: electrical lengthening

text: electrical lengthening


text: These developments led to the theory of conservation of energy, formalized largely by William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) as the field of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics aided the rapid development of explanations of chemical processes by Rudolf Clausius, Josiah Willard Gibbs, and Walther Nernst. It also led to a mathematical formulation of the concept of entropy by Clausius and to the introduction of laws of radiant energy by Jožef Stefan. According to Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a consequence of the fact that the laws of physics do not change over time. Thus, since 1918, theorists have understood that the law of conservation of energy is the direct mathematical consequence of the translational symmetry of the quantity conjugate to energy, namely time.

title: Energy

title: Energy

text: These

text: developments

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: theory

text: of

text: conservation

text: of

text: energy

text: formalized

text: largely

text: by

text: William

text: Thomson

text: Lord

text: Kelvin

text: as

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: thermodynamics

text: Thermodynamics

text: aided

text: the

text: rapid

text: development

text: of

text: explanations

text: of

text: chemical

text: processes

text: by

text: Rudolf

text: Clausius

text: Josiah

text: Willard

text: Gibbs

text: and

text: Walther

text: Nernst

text: It

text: also

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: mathematical

text: formulation

text: of

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: entropy

text: by

text: Clausius

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: laws

text: of

text: radiant

text: energy

text: by

text: Jožef

text: Stefan

text: According

text: to

text: Noether

text: 's

text: theorem

text: the

text: conservation

text: of

text: energy

text: is

text: a

text: consequence

text: of

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: the

text: laws

text: of

text: physics

text: do

text: not

text: change

text: over

text: time

text: Thus

text: since

text: theorists

text: have

text: understood

text: that

text: the

text: law

text: of

text: conservation

text: of

text: energy

text: is

text: the

text: direct

text: mathematical

text: consequence

text: of

text: the

text: translational

text: symmetry

text: of

text: the

text: quantity

text: conjugate

text: to

text: energy

text: namely

text: time

question: Who largely formalized the developments that led to the theory of conservation of energy?

answer: William Thomson

text: William Thomson

question: What aided the rapid development of explanations of chemical processes by Clausius, Gibbs and Nernst?

answer: Thermodynamics

text: Thermodynamics

question: Who developed the concept of the introduction of laws of radiant energy?

answer: Jožef Stefan

text: Jožef Stefan

question: What states that the conservation of energy is a consequence of the fact that the laws of physics do not change over time?

answer: Noether's theorem

text: Noether's theorem

question: Who largely rejected the developments that led to the theory of conservation of energy?

text: William Thomson

question: What hindered the rapid development of explanations of chemical processes by Clausius, Gibbs and Nernst?

text: Thermodynamics

question: Who developed the concept of the introduction of laws of stored energy?

text: Jožef Stefan

question: What states that the conservation of energy is a consequence of the fact that the laws of physics change over time?

text: Noether's theorem

question: since 1819, theorists have understood that the law of conservation of energy is what?


text: The Aeronautics Branch was renamed the Bureau of Air Commerce in 1934 to reflect its enhanced status within the Department. As commercial flying increased, the Bureau encouraged a group of airlines to establish the first three centers for providing air traffic control (ATC) along the airways. In 1936, the Bureau itself took over the centers and began to expand the ATC system. The pioneer air traffic controllers used maps, blackboards, and mental calculations to ensure the safe separation of aircraft traveling along designated routes between cities.

title: Federal_Aviation_Administration

title: Federal_Aviation_Administration

text: The

text: Aeronautics

text: Branch

text: was

text: renamed

text: the

text: Bureau

text: of

text: Air

text: Commerce

text: in

text: to

text: reflect

text: its

text: enhanced

text: status

text: within

text: the

text: Department

text: As

text: commercial

text: flying

text: increased

text: the

text: Bureau

text: encouraged

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: airlines

text: to

text: establish

text: the

text: first

text: three

text: centers

text: for

text: providing

text: air

text: traffic

text: control

text: ATC

text: along

text: the

text: airways

text: In

text: the

text: Bureau

text: itself

text: took

text: over

text: the

text: centers

text: and

text: began

text: to

text: expand

text: the

text: ATC

text: system

text: The

text: pioneer

text: air

text: traffic

text: controllers

text: used

text: maps

text: blackboards

text: and

text: mental

text: calculations

text: to

text: ensure

text: the

text: safe

text: separation

text: of

text: aircraft

text: traveling

text: along

text: designated

text: routes

text: between

text: cities

question: What was the Areonautics Branch renamed to?

answer: Bureau of Air Commerce

text: Bureau of Air Commerce

question: When was the Aeronautics Branch renamed?

answer: 1934

question: When did the Buerau take over and begin to expant the ATC system?

answer: 1936

question: What were the people who used maps, blackboards, and mental calculation to ensure the safe separation of aircraft traveling between cities called?

answer: air traffic controllers

text: air traffic controllers

question: What was the Bureau of Air Commerce renamed to?

text: Aeronautics Branch

question: When did the bureau create the first air traffic control centers?

question: When was the Aeronautics branch renamed to reflect it's decreased status?

question: What did the bureau used to ensure the safe travels of aircraft?

question: As personal flying increased, what did the Bureau establish?


text: In addition to Somali, Arabic, which is also an Afro-Asiatic tongue, is an official national language in both Somalia and Djibouti. Many Somalis speak it due to centuries-old ties with the Arab world, the far-reaching influence of the Arabic media, and religious education. Somalia and Djibouti are also both members of the Arab League.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: Somali

text: Arabic

text: which

text: is

text: also

text: an

text: Afro

text: Asiatic

text: tongue

text: is

text: an

text: official

text: national

text: language

text: in

text: both

text: Somalia

text: and

text: Djibouti

text: Many

text: Somalis

text: speak

text: it

text: due

text: to

text: centuries

text: old

text: ties

text: with

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: the

text: far

text: reaching

text: influence

text: of

text: the

text: Arabic

text: media

text: and

text: religious

text: education

text: Somalia

text: and

text: Djibouti

text: are

text: also

text: both

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Arab

text: League

question: Other than Somali, what is an official language of Somalia?

answer: Arabic

text: Arabic

question: To what language family does Arabic belong?

answer: Afro-Asiatic

text: Afro-Asiatic

question: In what neighboring country is Arabic also an official language?

answer: Djibouti

text: Djibouti

question: What organization do both Djibouti and Somalia belong to?

answer: the Arab League

text: the Arab League

question: For how long has Somalia had connections to the Arab world?

answer: centuries

text: centuries


text: Historically, the channel's programming consisted mainly of featured classic theatrically released feature films from the Turner Entertainment film library – which comprises films from Warner Bros. Pictures (covering films released before 1950) and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (covering films released before May 1986). However, TCM now has licensing deals with other Hollywood film studios as well as its Time Warner sister company, Warner Bros. (which now controls the Turner Entertainment library and its own later films), and occasionally shows more recent films. Turner Classic Movies is a dedicated film channel and is available in United States, United Kingdom, France (TCM Cinéma), Spain (TCM España), Nordic countries, Middle East and Africa.

title: Turner_Classic_Movies

title: Turner_Classic_Movies

text: Historically

text: the

text: channel

text: 's

text: programming

text: consisted

text: mainly

text: of

text: featured

text: classic

text: theatrically

text: released

text: feature

text: films

text: from

text: the

text: Turner

text: Entertainment

text: film

text: library

text: which

text: comprises

text: films

text: from

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: Pictures

text: covering

text: films

text: released

text: before

text: and

text: Metro

text: Goldwyn

text: Mayer

text: covering

text: films

text: released

text: before

text: May

text: However

text: TCM

text: now

text: has

text: licensing

text: deals

text: with

text: other

text: Hollywood

text: film

text: studios

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: its

text: Time

text: Warner

text: sister

text: company

text: Warner

text: Bros.

text: which

text: now

text: controls

text: the

text: Turner

text: Entertainment

text: library

text: and

text: its

text: own

text: later

text: films

text: and

text: occasionally

text: shows

text: more

text: recent

text: films

text: Turner

text: Classic

text: Movies

text: is

text: a

text: dedicated

text: film

text: channel

text: and

text: is

text: available

text: in

text: United

text: States

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: France

text: TCM

text: Cinéma

text: Spain

text: TCM

text: España

text: Nordic

text: countries

text: Middle

text: East

text: and

text: Africa

question: Warner Bros. pictures before what year are part of the Turner Entertainment library?

answer: 1950

question: Up until what month and year of release are films from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer part of the Turner Entertainment library?

answer: May 1986

text: May 1986

question: What company owns TCM and Warner Bros.?

answer: Time Warner

text: Time Warner

question: What is Turner Classic Movies called in France?

answer: TCM Cinéma

text: TCM Cinéma

question: What is the Spanish version of Turner Classic Movies?

answer: TCM España

text: TCM España

question: Warner Bros. pictures before what year are part of the TCM?

question: Up until what month and year of release are films from TCM part of the Turner Entertainment Library?

text: May 1986

question: What is Turner Classic Movies called in Africa?

text: TCM Cinéma

question: What is a dedicated licensing channel?

text: Turner Classic Movies

question: Who has licensing deals with libraries?

text: TCM


text: During the last three decades of the 19th century a proliferation of anthropological societies and associations occurred, most independent, most publishing their own journals, and all international in membership and association. The major theorists belonged to these organizations. They supported the gradual osmosis of anthropology curricula into the major institutions of higher learning. By 1898 the American Association for the Advancement of Science was able to report that 48 educational institutions in 13 countries had some curriculum in anthropology. None of the 75 faculty members were under a department named anthropology.

title: Anthropology

title: Anthropology

text: During

text: the

text: last

text: three

text: decades

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: a

text: proliferation

text: of

text: anthropological

text: societies

text: and

text: associations

text: occurred

text: most

text: independent

text: most

text: publishing

text: their

text: own

text: journals

text: and

text: all

text: international

text: in

text: membership

text: and

text: association

text: The

text: major

text: theorists

text: belonged

text: to

text: these

text: organizations

text: They

text: supported

text: the

text: gradual

text: osmosis

text: of

text: anthropology

text: curricula

text: into

text: the

text: major

text: institutions

text: of

text: higher

text: learning

text: By

text: the

text: American

text: Association

text: for

text: the

text: Advancement

text: of

text: Science

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: report

text: that

text: educational

text: institutions

text: in

text: countries

text: had

text: some

text: curriculum

text: in

text: anthropology

text: of

text: the

text: faculty

text: members

text: were

text: under

text: a

text: department

text: named

text: anthropology

question: What proliferated in the last three decades of the 19th century?

answer: anthropological societies

text: anthropological societies

question: What did all the anthropological societies allow their membership to be?

answer: international

text: international

question: Who belonged to these proliferating organizations?

answer: The major theorists

text: The major theorists

question: How many educational institutions had some curriculum in anthropology by 1898?

answer: 48

question: How many countries were the institutions teaching anthropology located in?

answer: 13

question: What was there a proliferation of in the 1900's?

question: Who created anthropology curricula in major institutions of higher learning?

text: The major theorists

question: What was found in 48 educational institutions in the 18th century?

text: curriculum in anthropology


text: The University of Kansas is a large, state-sponsored university, with five campuses. KU features the College of Liberal Arts & Sciences, which includes the School of the Arts and the School of Public Affairs & Administration; and the schools of Architecture, Design & Planning; Business; Education; Engineering; Health Professions; Journalism & Mass Communications; Law; Medicine; Music; Nursing; Pharmacy; and Social Welfare. The university offers more than 345 degree programs.

title: University_of_Kansas

title: University_of_Kansas

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Kansas

text: is

text: a

text: large

text: state

text: sponsored

text: university

text: with

text: five

text: campuses

text: KU

text: features

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Liberal

text: Arts

text: Sciences

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: School

text: of

text: the

text: Arts

text: and

text: the

text: School

text: of

text: Public

text: Affairs

text: Administration

text: and

text: the

text: schools

text: of

text: Architecture

text: Design

text: Planning

text: Business

text: Education

text: Engineering

text: Health

text: Professions

text: Journalism

text: Mass

text: Communications

text: Law

text: Medicine

text: Music

text: Nursing

text: Pharmacy

text: and

text: Social

text: Welfare

text: The

text: university

text: offers

text: more

text: than

text: degree

text: programs

question: How many campuses are run by KU?

answer: five

text: five

question: What term describes the nature of how the university is partially funded?

answer: state-sponsored

text: state-sponsored

question: What are two parts of the University of Kansas house in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences?

answer: the School of the Arts and the School of Public Affairs & Administration

text: the School of the Arts and the School of Public Affairs & Administration

question: At least how many different degree-granting programs exist at KU?

answer: 345

question: How many campuses aren't run by KU?

text: five

question: What term describes the nature of how the university is fully funded?

text: state-sponsored

question: What are three parts of the University of Kansas house in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences?

question: At least how many different degree-granting programs don't exist at KU?

question: At least how many different non-degree granting programs exist at KU?


text: Spielberg won the Academy Award for Best Director for Schindler's List (1993) and Saving Private Ryan (1998). Three of Spielberg's films—Jaws (1975), E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), and Jurassic Park (1993)—achieved box office records, originated and came to epitomize the blockbuster film. The unadjusted gross of all Spielberg-directed films exceeds $9 billion worldwide, making him the highest-grossing director in history. His personal net worth is estimated to be more than $3 billion. He has been associated with composer John Williams since 1974, who composed music for all save five of Spielberg's feature films.

title: Steven_Spielberg

title: Steven_Spielberg

text: Spielberg

text: won

text: the

text: Academy

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: Director

text: for

text: Schindler

text: 's

text: List

text: and

text: Saving

text: Private

text: Ryan

text: Three

text: of

text: Spielberg

text: 's

text: films

text: Jaws

text: E.T.

text: the

text: Extra

text: Terrestrial

text: and

text: Jurassic

text: Park

text: box

text: office

text: records

text: originated

text: and

text: came

text: to

text: epitomize

text: the

text: blockbuster

text: film

text: The

text: unadjusted

text: gross

text: of

text: all

text: Spielberg

text: directed

text: films

text: exceeds

text: billion

text: worldwide

text: making

text: him

text: the

text: highest

text: grossing

text: director

text: in

text: history

text: His

text: personal

text: net

text: worth

text: is

text: estimated

text: to

text: be

text: more

text: than

text: billion

text: He

text: has

text: been

text: associated

text: with

text: composer

text: John

text: Williams

text: since

text: who

text: composed

text: music

text: for

text: all

text: save

text: five

text: of

text: Spielberg

text: 's

text: feature

text: films

question: How much money has all of Steven Spielberg's movies grossed worldwide?

answer: exceeds $9 billion

text: exceeds $9 billion

question: What composer has Steven Spielberg been associated with since 1974?

answer: John Williams

text: John Williams

question: How much money is Steven Spielberg worth?

answer: more than $3 billion

text: more than $3 billion

question: What record does Steven Spielberg have?

answer: the highest-grossing director in history

text: the highest-grossing director in history

question: Who has composed most of Steven Spielberg's movies?

answer: John Williams

text: John Williams

question: When was Jaws released?

answer: 1975

question: When did Jurassic Park come out?

answer: 1993

question: What did Spielberg win for Schindler's List?

answer: Academy Award for Best Director

text: Academy Award for Best Director

question: What is Spielberg's net worth?

answer: more than $3 billion

text: more than $3 billion

question: Who composes music for most of Spielberg's movies?

answer: John Williams

text: John Williams

question: How much have all Spielberg-directed films combined earned in adjusted gross?

text: $9 billion

question: How much in unadjusted gross have Spielberg-directed films combined earned in the United States?

text: $3 billion

question: What is one of Spielberg's movies that has had the music composed by John Williams?

text: Jurassic Park

question: What is one of Spielberg's movies that John Williams hasn't composed the music for?

text: Saving Private Ryan

question: What was Spielberg's first movie?

text: Jaws


text: Paul VI did renounce many traditional symbols of the papacy and the Catholic Church; some of his changes to the papal dress were reversed by Pope Benedict XVI in the early 21st century. Refusing a Vatican army of colourful military uniforms from centuries, he got rid of them. He became the first pope to visit five continents. Paul VI systematically continued and completed the efforts of his predecessors, to turn the Euro-centric Church into a Church of the world, by integrating the bishops from all continents in its government and in the Synods which he convened. His 6 August 1967 motu proprio Pro Comperto Sane opened the Roman Curia to the bishops of the world. Until then, only Cardinals could be leading members of the Curia.

title: Pope_Paul_VI

title: Pope_Paul_VI

text: Paul

text: VI

text: did

text: renounce

text: many

text: traditional

text: symbols

text: of

text: the

text: papacy

text: and

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: some

text: of

text: his

text: changes

text: to

text: the

text: papal

text: dress

text: were

text: reversed

text: by

text: Pope

text: Benedict

text: XVI

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: Refusing

text: a

text: Vatican

text: army

text: of

text: colourful

text: military

text: uniforms

text: from

text: centuries

text: he

text: got

text: rid

text: of

text: them

text: He

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: pope

text: to

text: visit

text: five

text: continents

text: Paul

text: VI

text: systematically

text: continued

text: and

text: completed

text: the

text: efforts

text: of

text: his

text: predecessors

text: to

text: turn

text: the

text: Euro

text: centric

text: Church

text: into

text: a

text: Church

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: integrating

text: the

text: bishops

text: from

text: all

text: continents

text: in

text: its

text: government

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Synods

text: which

text: he

text: convened

text: His

text: August

text: motu

text: proprio

text: Pro

text: Comperto

text: Sane

text: opened

text: the

text: Roman

text: Curia

text: to

text: the

text: bishops

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: Until

text: then

text: only

text: Cardinals

text: could

text: be

text: leading

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Curia

question: What type of theatrical uniforms did Paul VI eradicate from the Vatican?

answer: army

text: army

question: Who was the first pope to visit five continents?

answer: Paul VI

text: Paul VI

question: Where did Paul Vi turn the focus of the church toward during his papacy?

answer: world

text: world

question: What group of clergy did Paul VI include in Vatican decision making that had previously been denied influence in this realm?

answer: bishops

text: bishops

question: What papal statement under Paul VI opened the Vatican doors to global influences?

answer: motu proprio Pro Comperto Sane

text: motu proprio Pro Comperto Sane


text: The island is subject to separate immigration controls from the remainder of Australia. Until recently immigration to Norfolk Island even by other Australian citizens was heavily restricted. In 2012, immigration controls were relaxed with the introduction of an Unrestricted Entry Permit for all Australian and New Zealand citizens upon arrival and the option to apply for residency; the only criteria are to pass a police check and be able to pay into the local health scheme. From 1 July 2016, the Australian migration system will replace the immigration arrangements currently maintained by the Norfolk Island Government.

title: Norfolk_Island

title: Norfolk_Island

text: The

text: island

text: is

text: subject

text: to

text: separate

text: immigration

text: controls

text: from

text: the

text: remainder

text: of

text: Australia

text: Until

text: recently

text: immigration

text: to

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: even

text: by

text: other

text: Australian

text: citizens

text: was

text: heavily

text: restricted

text: In

text: immigration

text: controls

text: were

text: relaxed

text: with

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: an

text: Unrestricted

text: Entry

text: Permit

text: for

text: all

text: Australian

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: citizens

text: upon

text: arrival

text: and

text: the

text: option

text: to

text: apply

text: for

text: residency

text: the

text: only

text: criteria

text: are

text: to

text: pass

text: a

text: police

text: check

text: and

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: pay

text: into

text: the

text: local

text: health

text: scheme

text: From

text: July

text: the

text: Australian

text: migration

text: system

text: will

text: replace

text: the

text: immigration

text: arrangements

text: currently

text: maintained

text: by

text: the

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: Government

question: What has been heavily restricted in Norfolk Island, until recently?

answer: immigration

text: immigration

question: When were the immigration protocols relaxed in Norfolk Island?

answer: 2012

question: What aided in the relaxation of immigration protocols to Norfolk Island?

answer: an Unrestricted Entry Permit for all Australian and New Zealand citizens

text: an Unrestricted Entry Permit for all Australian and New Zealand citizens

question: What must Australian and New Zealand citizens do in order to apply for residency in Norfolk Island?

answer: pass a police check and be able to pay into the local health scheme

text: pass a police check and be able to pay into the local health scheme

question: When will the Australian migration system replace Norfolk Island's immigration policies?

answer: 1 July 2016

text: 1 July 2016

question: What has been heavily encouraged in Norfolk Island, until recently?

text: immigration

question: When were the immigration protocols made more strict in Norfolk Island?

question: What damaged the relaxation of immigration protocols to Norfolk Island?

question: What must Australian and New Zealand citizens avoid in order to apply for residency in Norfolk Island?

question: When will the Russian migration system replace Norfolk Island's immigration policies?

text: 1 July 2016


text: New Haven Harbor is home to the Port of New Haven, a deep-water seaport with three berths capable of hosting vessels and barges as well as the facilities required to handle break bulk cargo. The port has the capacity to load 200 trucks a day from the ground or via loading docks. Rail transportation access is available, with a private switch engine for yard movements and private siding for loading and unloading. Approximately 400,000 square feet (40,000 m2) of inside storage and 50 acres (200,000 m2) of outside storage are available at the site. Five shore cranes with a 250-ton capacity and 26 forklifts, each with a 26-ton capacity, are also available.

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: New

text: Haven

text: Harbor

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: Port

text: of

text: New

text: Haven

text: a

text: deep

text: water

text: seaport

text: with

text: three

text: berths

text: capable

text: of

text: hosting

text: vessels

text: and

text: barges

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: facilities

text: required

text: to

text: handle

text: break

text: bulk

text: cargo

text: The

text: port

text: has

text: the

text: capacity

text: to

text: load

text: trucks

text: a

text: day

text: from

text: the

text: ground

text: or

text: via

text: loading

text: docks

text: Rail

text: transportation

text: access

text: is

text: available

text: with

text: a

text: private

text: switch

text: engine

text: for

text: yard

text: movements

text: and

text: private

text: siding

text: for

text: loading

text: and

text: unloading

text: Approximately

text: square

text: feet

text: of

text: inside

text: storage

text: and

text: acres

text: of

text: outside

text: storage

text: are

text: available

text: at

text: the

text: site

text: Five

text: shore

text: cranes

text: with

text: a

text: capacity

text: and

text: forklifts

text: each

text: with

text: a

text: capacity

text: are

text: also

text: available

question: In what harbor is the Port of New Haven located?

answer: New Haven Harbor

text: New Haven Harbor

question: How many trucks does the Port of New Haven have the daily capacity to load?

answer: 200

question: In addition to ground service, what other function is available at the Port of New Haven for offloading truck cargo?

answer: loading docks

text: loading docks

question: Approximately how many square feet of interior storage is available at the Port of New Haven?

answer: 400,000

question: Approximately how many acres of outside storage does the Port of New Haven offer?

answer: 50

question: The name of New Haven harbor?

answer: Port of New Haven

text: Port of New Haven

question: In terms of scale how big is the harbor?

answer: 400,000 square feet

text: 400,000 square feet

question: How many forklift are available for use in it everyday production?

answer: 26

question: How many transport vehicle can the harbor actually hold?

answer: 200


text: During this era of Porfirian rule, the city underwent an extensive modernization. Many Spanish Colonial style buildings were destroyed, replaced by new much larger Porfirian institutions and many outlying rural zones were transformed into urban or industrialized districts with most having electrical, gas and sewage utilities by 1908. While the initial focus was on developing modern hospitals, schools, factories and massive public works, perhaps the most long-lasting effects of the Porfirian modernization were creation of the Colonia Roma area and the development of Reforma Avenue. Many of Mexico City's major attractions and landmarks were built during this era in this style.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: During

text: this

text: era

text: of

text: Porfirian

text: rule

text: the

text: city

text: underwent

text: an

text: extensive

text: modernization

text: Many

text: Spanish

text: Colonial

text: style

text: buildings

text: were

text: destroyed

text: replaced

text: by

text: new

text: much

text: larger

text: Porfirian

text: institutions

text: and

text: many

text: outlying

text: rural

text: zones

text: were

text: transformed

text: into

text: urban

text: or

text: industrialized

text: districts

text: with

text: most

text: having

text: electrical

text: gas

text: and

text: sewage

text: utilities

text: by

text: While

text: the

text: initial

text: focus

text: was

text: on

text: developing

text: modern

text: hospitals

text: schools

text: factories

text: and

text: massive

text: public

text: works

text: perhaps

text: the

text: most

text: long

text: lasting

text: effects

text: of

text: the

text: Porfirian

text: modernization

text: were

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: Colonia

text: Roma

text: area

text: and

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: Reforma

text: Avenue

text: Many

text: of

text: Mexico

text: City

text: 's

text: major

text: attractions

text: and

text: landmarks

text: were

text: built

text: during

text: this

text: era

text: in

text: this

text: style

question: When was most of the urbanization completed?

answer: by 1908

text: by 1908

question: The extensive modernization started with what?

answer: Many Spanish Colonial style buildings were destroyed

text: Many Spanish Colonial style buildings were destroyed

question: What was built during the modernization?

answer: hospitals, schools, factories and massive public works

text: hospitals, schools, factories and massive public works

question: What famous street was built during this period of modernization?

answer: Reforma Avenue

text: Reforma Avenue


text: There are facilities across the country with research rooms, archival holdings, and microfilms of documents of federal agencies and courts pertinent to each region.

title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

text: There

text: are

text: facilities

text: across

text: the

text: country

text: with

text: research

text: rooms

text: archival

text: holdings

text: and

text: microfilms

text: of

text: documents

text: of

text: federal

text: agencies

text: and

text: courts

text: pertinent

text: to

text: each

text: region

question: What do the facilities designated to each area of the US specialize in?

answer: documents of federal agencies and courts pertinent to each region

text: documents of federal agencies and courts pertinent to each region

question: Microfilms of documents from federal agencies can be found where?

answer: facilities across the country

text: facilities across the country

question: How are court rooms usually situated?

text: across the country

question: What is one area that is subject to government funding?

text: research

question: What areas are usually under the jurisdiction of federal agencies?

text: each region

question: What type of record storage is no longer widely produced?

text: microfilms

question: What is usually produced in abundance by federal agencies?

text: documents


text: In 295, a certain Maximilian refused military service; in 298 Marcellus renounced his military oath. Both were executed for treason; both were Christians. At some time around 302, a report of ominous haruspicy in Diocletian's domus and a subsequent (but undated) dictat of placatory sacrifice by the entire military triggered a series of edicts against Christianity. The first (303 AD) "ordered the destruction of church buildings and Christian texts, forbade services to be held, degraded ofﬁcials who were Christians, re-enslaved imperial freedmen who were Christians, and reduced the legal rights of all Christians... [Physical] or capital punishments were not imposed on them" but soon after, several Christians suspected of attempted arson in the palace were executed. The second edict threatened Christian priests with imprisonment and the third offered them freedom if they performed sacrifice. An edict of 304 enjoined universal sacrifice to traditional gods, in terms that recall the Decian edict.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: In

text: a

text: certain

text: Maximilian

text: refused

text: military

text: service

text: in

text: Marcellus

text: renounced

text: his

text: military

text: oath

text: Both

text: were

text: executed

text: for

text: treason

text: both

text: were

text: Christians

text: At

text: some

text: time

text: around

text: a

text: report

text: of

text: ominous

text: haruspicy

text: in

text: Diocletian

text: 's

text: domus

text: and

text: a

text: subsequent

text: but

text: undated

text: dictat

text: of

text: placatory

text: sacrifice

text: by

text: the

text: entire

text: military

text: triggered

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: edicts

text: against

text: Christianity

text: The

text: first

text: AD

text: ordered

text: the

text: destruction

text: of

text: church

text: buildings

text: and

text: Christian

text: texts

text: forbade

text: services

text: to

text: be

text: held

text: degraded

text: ofﬁcials

text: who

text: were

text: Christians

text: re

text: enslaved

text: imperial

text: freedmen

text: who

text: were

text: Christians

text: and

text: reduced

text: the

text: legal

text: rights

text: of

text: all

text: Christians

text: Physical

text: or

text: capital

text: punishments

text: were

text: not

text: imposed

text: on

text: them

text: but

text: soon

text: after

text: several

text: Christians

text: suspected

text: of

text: attempted

text: arson

text: in

text: the

text: palace

text: were

text: executed

text: The

text: second

text: edict

text: threatened

text: Christian

text: priests

text: with

text: imprisonment

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: offered

text: them

text: freedom

text: if

text: they

text: performed

text: sacrifice

text: An

text: edict

text: of

text: enjoined

text: universal

text: sacrifice

text: to

text: traditional

text: gods

text: in

text: terms

text: that

text: recall

text: the

text: Decian

text: edict

question: For what reason were Maximillian and Marcellus executed?

answer: treason

text: treason

question: In what year did Diocletian's edict order the destruction of Christian churches and texts?

answer: 303 AD

text: 303 AD

question: In 303 AD what did Christians begin losing?

answer: legal rights

text: legal rights

question: With what were Christian priests threatened in the second edict?

answer: imprisonment

text: imprisonment

question: To what did the edict of 304 admonish Christians to sacrifice?

answer: traditional gods

text: traditional gods


text: Over the course of 2013, the corporation began the sale of its US shale gas assets and cancelled a US$20 billion gas project that was to be constructed in the US state of Louisiana. A new CEO Ben van Beurden was appointed in January 2014, prior to the announcement that the corporation's overall performance in 2013 was 38 per cent lower than 2012—the value of Shell's shares fell by 3 per cent as a result. Following the sale of the majority of its Australian assets in February 2014, the corporation plans to sell a further US$15 billion worth of assets in the period leading up to 2015, with deals announced in Australia, Brazil and Italy.

title: Royal_Dutch_Shell

title: Royal_Dutch_Shell

text: Over

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: corporation

text: began

text: the

text: sale

text: of

text: its

text: US

text: shale

text: gas

text: assets

text: and

text: cancelled

text: a

text: US$

text: billion

text: gas

text: project

text: that

text: was

text: to

text: be

text: constructed

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: state

text: of

text: Louisiana

text: A

text: new

text: CEO

text: Ben

text: van

text: Beurden

text: was

text: appointed

text: in

text: January

text: prior

text: to

text: the

text: announcement

text: that

text: the

text: corporation

text: 's

text: overall

text: performance

text: in

text: was

text: per

text: cent

text: lower

text: than

text: value

text: of

text: Shell

text: 's

text: shares

text: fell

text: by

text: per

text: cent

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: Following

text: the

text: sale

text: of

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: its

text: Australian

text: assets

text: in

text: February

text: the

text: corporation

text: plans

text: to

text: sell

text: a

text: further

text: US$

text: billion

text: worth

text: of

text: assets

text: in

text: the

text: period

text: leading

text: up

text: to

text: with

text: deals

text: announced

text: in

text: Australia

text: Brazil

text: and

text: Italy

question: Which assets did the corporation begin to sell in 2013?

answer: US shale gas

text: US shale gas

question: What was the value of the cancelled gas project that was to be contstructed in Louisiana?

answer: US$20 billion

text: US$20 billion

question: The appointment of a new CEO in 2014 came prior to what announcement?

answer: the corporation's overall performance in 2013 was 38 per cent lower than 2012

text: the corporation's overall performance in 2013 was 38 per cent lower than 2012

question: In what year did the corporation sell the majority of its Australian assets?

answer: 2014

question: What was the value of assets the corporation planned to sell leading up to 2015?

answer: US$15 billion

text: US$15 billion

question: Who was the CEO in 2013?

text: Ben van Beurden

question: How much was the 2013 sale of US shale gas assets worth?

text: US$20 billion

question: Where did Shell begin selling US shale gas assets?

text: the US state of Louisiana

question: How much higher was the company's performance in 2013?

text: 38 per cent

question: What is the worth of the Australian assets Shell sold in US dollars?

text: US$15 billion


text: In 2007, about 48 percent of Malians were younger than 12 years old, 49 percent were 15–64 years old, and 3 percent were 65 and older. The median age was 15.9 years. The birth rate in 2014 is 45.53 births per 1,000, and the total fertility rate (in 2012) was 6.4 children per woman. The death rate in 2007 was 16.5 deaths per 1,000. Life expectancy at birth was 53.06 years total (51.43 for males and 54.73 for females). Mali has one of the world's highest rates of infant mortality, with 106 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2007.

title: Mali

title: Mali

text: In

text: about

text: percent

text: of

text: Malians

text: were

text: younger

text: than

text: years

text: old

text: percent

text: were

text: years

text: old

text: and

text: percent

text: were

text: and

text: older

text: The

text: median

text: age

text: was

text: years

text: The

text: birth

text: rate

text: in

text: is

text: births

text: per

text: and

text: the

text: total

text: fertility

text: rate

text: in

text: was

text: children

text: per

text: woman

text: The

text: death

text: rate

text: in

text: was

text: deaths

text: per

text: Life

text: expectancy

text: at

text: birth

text: was

text: years

text: total

text: for

text: males

text: and

text: for

text: females

text: Mali

text: has

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: highest

text: rates

text: of

text: infant

text: mortality

text: with

text: deaths

text: per

text: live

text: births

text: in

question: In 2007 what percent of people were 12 and under?

answer: 48

question: What was the total fertility rate per woman as of 2012?

answer: 6.4 children

text: 6.4 children

question: In 2007 what was the death rate per 1000 people?

answer: 16.5

question: Mali has one of the highest rates of what type of mortality?

answer: infant

text: infant

question: For both men and women average life expectancy is how many years?

answer: 53.06

question: What year were 48% of Malians older than twelve years old?

question: When were 49% of Malians sixty-five and older?

question: How many children were born per woman in 2014?

text: 6.4 children per woman

question: What was the death rate in 2014?

text: 16.5 deaths per 1,000

question: What was the life expectancy in 2012?


text: Annual precipitation is 40 inches (1,020 mm) which is fairly spread throughout the year. Owing to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and its location in South Jersey, Atlantic City receives less snow than a good portion of the rest of New Jersey. Even at the airport, where low temperatures are often much lower than along the coast, snow averages only 16.5 inches (41.9 cm) each winter. It is very common for rain to fall in Atlantic City while the northern and western parts of the state are receiving snow.

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

text: Annual

text: precipitation

text: is

text: inches

text: mm

text: which

text: is

text: fairly

text: spread

text: throughout

text: the

text: year

text: Owing

text: to

text: its

text: proximity

text: to

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: and

text: its

text: location

text: in

text: South

text: Jersey

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: receives

text: less

text: snow

text: than

text: a

text: good

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: New

text: Jersey

text: Even

text: at

text: the

text: airport

text: where

text: low

text: temperatures

text: are

text: often

text: much

text: lower

text: than

text: along

text: the

text: coast

text: snow

text: averages

text: only

text: inches

text: cm

text: each

text: winter

text: It

text: is

text: very

text: common

text: for

text: rain

text: to

text: fall

text: in

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: while

text: the

text: northern

text: and

text: western

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: are

text: receiving

text: snow

question: How many inches of precipitation does Atlantic City receive annually?

answer: 40 inches

text: 40 inches

question: What is the average number of inches of snow received at the airport annually?

answer: 16.5 inches

text: 16.5 inches

question: Atlantic City's lack of snowfall is due to its location in South Jersey and its proximaty to which body of water?

answer: Atlantic Ocean

text: Atlantic Ocean

question: Atlantic City's lack of snowfall is due to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean and its location where?

answer: South Jersey

text: South Jersey

question: Atlantic City is different from the northern and western parts of the state in the winter due to its tendency to receive which type of precipitation?

answer: rain

text: rain


text: In 1940, Winston Churchill replaced Neville Chamberlain as Prime Minister, though personally George would have preferred to appoint Lord Halifax. After the King's initial dismay over Churchill's appointment of Lord Beaverbrook to the Cabinet, he and Churchill developed "the closest personal relationship in modern British history between a monarch and a Prime Minister". Every Tuesday for four and a half years from September 1940, the two men met privately for lunch to discuss the war in secret and with frankness.

title: George_VI

title: George_VI

text: In

text: Winston

text: Churchill

text: replaced

text: Neville

text: Chamberlain

text: as

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: though

text: personally

text: George

text: would

text: have

text: preferred

text: to

text: appoint

text: Lord

text: Halifax

text: After

text: the

text: King

text: 's

text: initial

text: dismay

text: over

text: Churchill

text: 's

text: appointment

text: of

text: Lord

text: Beaverbrook

text: to

text: the

text: Cabinet

text: he

text: and

text: Churchill

text: developed

text: the

text: closest

text: personal

text: relationship

text: in

text: modern

text: British

text: history

text: between

text: a

text: monarch

text: and

text: a

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Every

text: Tuesday

text: for

text: four

text: and

text: a

text: half

text: years

text: from

text: September

text: the

text: two

text: men

text: met

text: privately

text: for

text: lunch

text: to

text: discuss

text: the

text: war

text: in

text: secret

text: and

text: with

text: frankness

question: Who was Winston Churchill's predecessor?

answer: Neville Chamberlain

text: Neville Chamberlain

question: What position did Churchill hold?

answer: Prime Minister

text: Prime Minister

question: What day of the week did Churchill and the King meet?

answer: Tuesday

text: Tuesday

question: Who did Churchill appoint to Cabinet that the King did not like?

answer: Lord Beaverbrook

text: Lord Beaverbrook

question: Who was Lord Halifax in 1940?

text: Neville Chamberlain

question: Who was Lord Beaverbrook in 1940?

text: Winston Churchill

question: In what month and year did the war start?

text: September 1940

question: Who replaced Winston Churchill as Prime Minister?

text: Neville Chamberlain


text: In June 2007, YouTube began trials of a system for automatic detection of uploaded videos that infringe copyright. Google CEO Eric Schmidt regarded this system as necessary for resolving lawsuits such as the one from Viacom, which alleged that YouTube profited from content that it did not have the right to distribute. The system, which became known as Content ID, creates an ID File for copyrighted audio and video material, and stores it in a database. When a video is uploaded, it is checked against the database, and flags the video as a copyright violation if a match is found.

title: YouTube

title: YouTube

text: In

text: June

text: YouTube

text: began

text: trials

text: of

text: a

text: system

text: for

text: automatic

text: detection

text: of

text: uploaded

text: videos

text: that

text: infringe

text: copyright

text: Google

text: CEO

text: Eric

text: Schmidt

text: regarded

text: this

text: system

text: as

text: necessary

text: for

text: resolving

text: lawsuits

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: one

text: from

text: Viacom

text: which

text: alleged

text: that

text: YouTube

text: profited

text: from

text: content

text: that

text: it

text: did

text: not

text: have

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: distribute

text: The

text: system

text: which

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: Content

text: ID

text: creates

text: an

text: ID

text: File

text: for

text: copyrighted

text: audio

text: and

text: video

text: material

text: and

text: stores

text: it

text: in

text: a

text: database

text: When

text: a

text: video

text: is

text: uploaded

text: it

text: is

text: checked

text: against

text: the

text: database

text: and

text: flags

text: the

text: video

text: as

text: a

text: copyright

text: violation

text: if

text: a

text: match

text: is

text: found

question: In 2007 youtube launched an automated system to detect what?

answer: videos that infringe copyright

text: videos that infringe copyright

question: Who was Google's CEO in 2007?

answer: Eric Schmidt

text: Eric Schmidt

question: Why did the CEO of Google think the new software was necessary?

answer: resolving lawsuits

text: resolving lawsuits

question: What is the name of the system that automatically detects copyright violations?

answer: Content ID

text: Content ID

question: What does Content ID do if an upload is too close a match to a known copyright material?

answer: flags the video

text: flags the video

question: Who is YouTube's CEO?

text: Eric Schmidt

question: What system did Eric Schmidt come up with?

text: Content ID

question: When did Google begin trials of Content ID?

text: June 2007


text: Some states, however, do have a term of office of the prime minister linked to the period in office of the parliament. Hence the Irish Taoiseach is formally 'renominated' after every general election. (Some constitutional experts have questioned whether this process is actually in keeping with the provisions of the Irish constitution, which appear to suggest that a taoiseach should remain in office, without the requirement of a renomination, unless s/he has clearly lost the general election.) The position of prime minister is normally chosen from the political party that commands majority of seats in the lower house of parliament.

title: Prime_minister

title: Prime_minister

text: Some

text: states

text: however

text: do

text: have

text: a

text: term

text: of

text: office

text: of

text: the

text: prime

text: minister

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: period

text: in

text: office

text: of

text: the

text: parliament

text: Hence

text: the

text: Irish

text: Taoiseach

text: is

text: formally

text: renominated

text: after

text: every

text: general

text: election

text: Some

text: constitutional

text: experts

text: have

text: questioned

text: whether

text: this

text: process

text: is

text: actually

text: in

text: keeping

text: with

text: the

text: provisions

text: of

text: the

text: Irish

text: constitution

text: which

text: appear

text: to

text: suggest

text: that

text: a

text: taoiseach

text: should

text: remain

text: in

text: office

text: without

text: the

text: requirement

text: of

text: a

text: renomination

text: unless

text: s

text: he

text: has

text: clearly

text: lost

text: the

text: general

text: election

text: The

text: position

text: of

text: prime

text: minister

text: is

text: normally

text: chosen

text: from

text: the

text: political

text: party

text: that

text: commands

text: majority

text: of

text: seats

text: in

text: the

text: lower

text: house

text: of

text: parliament

question: What is the name of the prime ministerial position in Ireland?

answer: Taoiseach

text: Taoiseach

question: From where is the Irish prime minister usually selected?

answer: the political party that commands majority of seats in the lower house of parliament

text: the political party that commands majority of seats in the lower house of parliament

question: When is the Irish Taoiseach renominated?

answer: after every general election

text: after every general election

question: Who is chosen from the party that hold a minority of seats in the lower hhouse of parliment?

text: prime minister

question: Who is the Taoiseach in the UK?

text: prime minister

question: When is the Taoiseach reelected?

text: after every general election


text: On 23 April 2014, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) was reported to be considering a new rule that will permit ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content, thus reversing their earlier net neutrality position. A possible solution to net neutrality concerns may be municipal broadband, according to Professor Susan Crawford, a legal and technology expert at Harvard Law School. On 15 May 2014, the FCC decided to consider two options regarding Internet services: first, permit fast and slow broadband lanes, thereby compromising net neutrality; and second, reclassify broadband as a telecommunication service, thereby preserving net neutrality. On 10 November 2014, President Barack Obama recommended that the FCC reclassify broadband Internet service as a telecommunications service in order to preserve net neutrality. On 16 January 2015, Republicans presented legislation, in the form of a U.S. Congress H.R. discussion draft bill, that makes concessions to net neutrality but prohibits the FCC from accomplishing the goal or enacting any further regulation affecting Internet service providers. On 31 January 2015, AP News reported that the FCC will present the notion of applying ("with some caveats") Title II (common carrier) of the Communications Act of 1934 to the internet in a vote expected on 26 February 2015. Adoption of this notion would reclassify internet service from one of information to one of the telecommunications and, according to Tom Wheeler, chairman of the FCC, ensure net neutrality. The FCC is expected to enforce net neutrality in its vote, according to the New York Times.

title: Internet_service_provider

title: Internet_service_provider

text: On

text: April

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Federal

text: Communications

text: Commission

text: FCC

text: was

text: reported

text: to

text: be

text: considering

text: a

text: new

text: rule

text: that

text: will

text: permit

text: ISPs

text: to

text: offer

text: content

text: providers

text: a

text: faster

text: track

text: to

text: send

text: content

text: thus

text: reversing

text: their

text: earlier

text: net

text: neutrality

text: position

text: A

text: possible

text: solution

text: to

text: net

text: neutrality

text: concerns

text: may

text: be

text: municipal

text: broadband

text: according

text: to

text: Professor

text: Susan

text: Crawford

text: a

text: legal

text: and

text: technology

text: expert

text: at

text: Harvard

text: Law

text: School

text: On

text: May

text: the

text: FCC

text: decided

text: to

text: consider

text: two

text: options

text: regarding

text: Internet

text: services

text: first

text: permit

text: fast

text: and

text: slow

text: broadband

text: lanes

text: thereby

text: compromising

text: net

text: neutrality

text: and

text: second

text: reclassify

text: broadband

text: as

text: a

text: telecommunication

text: service

text: thereby

text: preserving

text: net

text: neutrality

text: On

text: November

text: President

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: recommended

text: that

text: the

text: FCC

text: reclassify

text: broadband

text: Internet

text: service

text: as

text: a

text: telecommunications

text: service

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: preserve

text: net

text: neutrality

text: On

text: January

text: Republicans

text: presented

text: legislation

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: a

text: U.S.

text: Congress

text: H.R.

text: discussion

text: draft

text: bill

text: that

text: makes

text: concessions

text: to

text: net

text: neutrality

text: but

text: prohibits

text: the

text: FCC

text: from

text: accomplishing

text: the

text: goal

text: or

text: enacting

text: any

text: further

text: regulation

text: affecting

text: Internet

text: service

text: providers

text: On

text: January

text: AP

text: News

text: reported

text: that

text: the

text: FCC

text: will

text: present

text: the

text: notion

text: of

text: applying

text: with

text: some

text: caveats

text: Title

text: II

text: common

text: carrier

text: of

text: the

text: Communications

text: Act

text: of

text: to

text: the

text: internet

text: in

text: a

text: vote

text: expected

text: on

text: February

text: Adoption

text: of

text: this

text: notion

text: would

text: reclassify

text: internet

text: service

text: from

text: one

text: of

text: information

text: to

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: telecommunications

text: and

text: according

text: to

text: Tom

text: Wheeler

text: chairman

text: of

text: the

text: FCC

text: ensure

text: net

text: neutrality

text: The

text: FCC

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: enforce

text: net

text: neutrality

text: in

text: its

text: vote

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Times

question: What would the absence of net neutrality permit?

answer: ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content

text: ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content

question: what may possibly be a solution to net neutrality concerns?

answer: municipal broadband

text: municipal broadband

question: how did president obama recommend to classify the internet?

answer: a telecommunications service

text: a telecommunications service

question: what did the fcc choose to apply to the internet?

answer: Title II (common carrier)

text: Title II (common carrier)

question: what would the internet be classified as based on title ii?

answer: telecommunications

text: telecommunications

question: What did the implementation of net neutrality permit?

question: What was net neutrality a solution to?

text: municipal broadband

question: What yell Law school professor considered to options regarding Internet service?

text: Professor Susan Crawford

question: What did the Democrats present in 2015

question: What is the FCC expected to oppose with its vote?

text: net neutrality


text: The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Florida in 2010 was $748 billion. Its GDP is the fourth largest economy in the United States. In 2010, it became the fourth largest exporter of trade goods. The major contributors to the state's gross output in 2007 were general services, financial services, trade, transportation and public utilities, manufacturing and construction respectively. In 2010–11, the state budget was $70.5 billion, having reached a high of $73.8 billion in 2006–07. Chief Executive Magazine name Florida the third "Best State for Business" in 2011.

title: Florida

title: Florida

text: The

text: Gross

text: Domestic

text: Product

text: GDP

text: of

text: Florida

text: in

text: was

text: billion

text: Its

text: GDP

text: is

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: economy

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: In

text: it

text: became

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: exporter

text: of

text: trade

text: goods

text: The

text: major

text: contributors

text: to

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: gross

text: output

text: in

text: were

text: general

text: services

text: financial

text: services

text: trade

text: transportation

text: and

text: public

text: utilities

text: manufacturing

text: and

text: construction

text: respectively

text: In

text: the

text: state

text: budget

text: was

text: billion

text: having

text: reached

text: a

text: high

text: of

text: billion

text: in

text: Chief

text: Executive

text: Magazine

text: name

text: Florida

text: the

text: third

text: Best

text: State

text: for

text: Business

text: in

question: What was Florida's GDP in 2010

answer: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Florida in 2010 was $748 billion

text: Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Florida in 2010 was $748 billion

question: Where does Florida's GDP rank

answer: Its GDP is the fourth largest economy in the United States

text: Its GDP is the fourth largest economy in the United States

question: What are some major contributors to states output

answer: were general services, financial services, trade, transportation and public utilities, manufacturing and construction respectively

text: were general services, financial services, trade, transportation and public utilities, manufacturing and construction respectively

question: What was Florida named in 2011

answer: Chief Executive Magazine name Florida the third "Best State for Business" in 2011

text: Chief Executive Magazine name Florida the third "Best State for Business" in 2011

question: What was Florida's GDP in 2001?

text: $748 billion

question: What is the third largest economy in the US?

text: Florida

question: What is the second largest economy in the US?

text: Florida

question: What is the largest economy in the US?

text: financial services

question: What is the third smallest economy in the US?

text: Florida


text: Philadelphia once comprised six congressional districts. However, as a result of the city's declining population, it now has only four: the 1st district, represented by Bob Brady; the 2nd, represented by Chaka Fattah; the 8th, represented by Mike Fitzpatrick; and the 13th, represented by Brendan Boyle. All but Fitzpatrick are Democrats. Although they are usually swamped by Democrats in city, state and national elections, Republicans still have some support in the area, primarily in the northeast. A Republican represented a significant portion of Philadelphia in the House as late as 1983, and Sam Katz ran competitive mayoral races as the Republican nominee in both 1999 and 2003.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: Philadelphia

text: once

text: comprised

text: six

text: congressional

text: districts

text: However

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: declining

text: population

text: it

text: now

text: has

text: only

text: four

text: the

text: district

text: represented

text: by

text: Bob

text: Brady

text: the

text: represented

text: by

text: Chaka

text: Fattah

text: the

text: represented

text: by

text: Mike

text: Fitzpatrick

text: and

text: the

text: represented

text: by

text: Brendan

text: Boyle

text: All

text: but

text: Fitzpatrick

text: are

text: Democrats

text: Although

text: they

text: are

text: usually

text: swamped

text: by

text: Democrats

text: in

text: city

text: state

text: and

text: national

text: elections

text: Republicans

text: still

text: have

text: some

text: support

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: primarily

text: in

text: the

text: northeast

text: A

text: Republican

text: represented

text: a

text: significant

text: portion

text: of

text: Philadelphia

text: in

text: the

text: House

text: as

text: late

text: as

text: and

text: Sam

text: Katz

text: ran

text: competitive

text: mayoral

text: races

text: as

text: the

text: Republican

text: nominee

text: in

text: both

text: and

question: How many congressional districts are there in the city?

answer: four

text: four

question: How many congressional districts were there at the peak population?

answer: six

text: six

question: Who represents the 8th district?

answer: Mike Fitzpatrick

text: Mike Fitzpatrick

question: When was the last major Republican representation of a large part of the city?

answer: 1983

question: Who was the last Republican to be fairly competitive in the mayoral race?

answer: Sam Katz

text: Sam Katz


text: The duplication and transmission of genetic material from one generation of cells to the next is the basis for molecular inheritance, and the link between the classical and molecular pictures of genes. Organisms inherit the characteristics of their parents because the cells of the offspring contain copies of the genes in their parents' cells. In asexually reproducing organisms, the offspring will be a genetic copy or clone of the parent organism. In sexually reproducing organisms, a specialized form of cell division called meiosis produces cells called gametes or germ cells that are haploid, or contain only one copy of each gene.:20.2 The gametes produced by females are called eggs or ova, and those produced by males are called sperm. Two gametes fuse to form a diploid fertilized egg, a single cell that has two sets of genes, with one copy of each gene from the mother and one from the father.:20

title: Gene

title: Gene

text: The

text: duplication

text: and

text: transmission

text: of

text: genetic

text: material

text: from

text: one

text: generation

text: of

text: cells

text: to

text: the

text: next

text: is

text: the

text: basis

text: for

text: molecular

text: inheritance

text: and

text: the

text: link

text: between

text: the

text: classical

text: and

text: molecular

text: pictures

text: of

text: genes

text: Organisms

text: inherit

text: the

text: characteristics

text: of

text: their

text: parents

text: because

text: the

text: cells

text: of

text: the

text: offspring

text: contain

text: copies

text: of

text: the

text: genes

text: in

text: their

text: parents

text: cells

text: In

text: asexually

text: reproducing

text: organisms

text: the

text: offspring

text: will

text: be

text: a

text: genetic

text: copy

text: or

text: clone

text: of

text: the

text: parent

text: organism

text: In

text: sexually

text: reproducing

text: organisms

text: a

text: specialized

text: form

text: of

text: cell

text: division

text: called

text: meiosis

text: produces

text: cells

text: called

text: gametes

text: or

text: germ

text: cells

text: that

text: are

text: haploid

text: or

text: contain

text: only

text: one

text: copy

text: of

text: each

text: The

text: gametes

text: produced

text: by

text: females

text: are

text: called

text: eggs

text: or

text: ova

text: and

text: those

text: produced

text: by

text: males

text: are

text: called

text: sperm

text: Two

text: gametes

text: fuse

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: diploid

text: fertilized

text: egg

text: a

text: single

text: cell

text: that

text: has

text: two

text: sets

text: of

text: genes

text: with

text: one

text: copy

text: of

text: each

text: gene

text: from

text: the

text: mother

text: and

text: one

text: from

text: the

question: The duplication and transmission of genetic material from one generation of cells to the next is the basis for what?

answer: molecular inheritance

text: molecular inheritance

question: Why do organisms inherit the characteristics of their parents?

answer: cells of the offspring contain copies of the genes in their parents' cells

text: cells of the offspring contain copies of the genes in their parents' cells

question: In what type of organism will the offspring be a genetic copy or clone of the parent organism?

answer: In asexually reproducing organisms

text: In asexually reproducing organisms

question: In what type of organism will a specialized form of cell division called meiosis produce cells called gametes?

answer: In sexually reproducing organisms

text: In sexually reproducing organisms

question: What are the gametes produced by females called?

answer: eggs or ova

text: eggs or ova


text: In December 1978, Gaddafi stepped down as Secretary-General of the GPC, announcing his new focus on revolutionary rather than governmental activities; this was part of his new emphasis on separating the apparatus of the revolution from the government. Although no longer in a formal governmental post, he adopted the title of "Leader of the Revolution" and continued as commander-in-chief of the armed forces. He continued exerting considerable influence over Libya, with many critics insisting that the structure of Libya's direct democracy gave him "the freedom to manipulate outcomes".

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: In

text: December

text: Gaddafi

text: stepped

text: down

text: as

text: Secretary

text: General

text: of

text: the

text: GPC

text: announcing

text: his

text: new

text: focus

text: on

text: revolutionary

text: rather

text: than

text: governmental

text: activities

text: this

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: his

text: new

text: emphasis

text: on

text: separating

text: the

text: apparatus

text: of

text: the

text: revolution

text: from

text: the

text: government

text: Although

text: no

text: longer

text: in

text: a

text: formal

text: governmental

text: post

text: he

text: adopted

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: Leader

text: of

text: the

text: Revolution

text: and

text: continued

text: as

text: commander

text: in

text: chief

text: of

text: the

text: armed

text: forces

text: He

text: continued

text: exerting

text: considerable

text: influence

text: over

text: Libya

text: with

text: many

text: critics

text: insisting

text: that

text: the

text: structure

text: of

text: Libya

text: 's

text: direct

text: democracy

text: gave

text: him

text: the

text: freedom

text: to

text: manipulate

text: outcomes

question: In what year did Gaddafi resign from his position in the GPC?

answer: 1978

question: Prior to his resignation, what office did Gaddafi occupy in the GPC?

answer: Secretary-General

text: Secretary-General

question: After Gaddafi stepped down from the GPC, what title did he take?

answer: Leader of the Revolution

text: Leader of the Revolution

question: What authority did Gaddafi have over the Libyan armed forces?

answer: commander-in-chief

text: commander-in-chief


text: In 1368, a Han Chinese revolt known as the Red Turban Rebellion toppled the Mongol Yuan dynasty in China. Zhu Yuanzhang then established the Ming dynasty, ruling as the Hongwu Emperor (r. 1368–1398). It is not clear how much the early Ming court understood the civil war going on in Tibet between rival religious sects, but the first emperor was anxious to avoid the same trouble that Tibet had caused for the Tang dynasty. Instead of recognizing the Phagmodru ruler, the Hongwu Emperor sided with the Karmapa of the nearer Kham region and southeastern Tibet, sending envoys out in the winter of 1372–1373 to ask the Yuan officeholders to renew their titles for the new Ming court.

title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

title: Sino

text: In

text: a

text: Han

text: Chinese

text: revolt

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Red

text: Turban

text: Rebellion

text: toppled

text: the

text: Mongol

text: Yuan

text: dynasty

text: in

text: China

text: Zhu

text: Yuanzhang

text: then

text: established

text: the

text: Ming

text: dynasty

text: ruling

text: as

text: the

text: Hongwu

text: Emperor

text: r.

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: clear

text: how

text: much

text: the

text: early

text: Ming

text: court

text: understood

text: the

text: civil

text: war

text: going

text: on

text: in

text: Tibet

text: between

text: rival

text: religious

text: sects

text: but

text: the

text: first

text: emperor

text: was

text: anxious

text: to

text: avoid

text: the

text: same

text: trouble

text: that

text: Tibet

text: had

text: caused

text: for

text: the

text: Tang

text: dynasty

text: Instead

text: of

text: recognizing

text: the

text: Phagmodru

text: ruler

text: the

text: Hongwu

text: Emperor

text: sided

text: with

text: the

text: Karmapa

text: of

text: the

text: nearer

text: Kham

text: region

text: and

text: southeastern

text: Tibet

text: sending

text: envoys

text: out

text: in

text: the

text: winter

text: of

text: to

text: ask

text: the

text: Yuan

text: officeholders

text: to

text: renew

text: their

text: titles

text: for

text: the

text: new

text: Ming

text: court

question: Who created the Ming Dynasty?

answer: Zhu Yuanzhang

text: Zhu Yuanzhang

question: Who caused the Yuan dynasty to fall?

answer: the Red Turban Rebellion

text: the Red Turban Rebellion

question: Who ruled as the the Hongwu Emperor?

answer: Zhu Yuanzhang

text: Zhu Yuanzhang

question: What years did Zhu Yuanzhang rule as the Hongwu Emperor?

answer: 1368–1398

question: Who did the Hongwu Emperor send convoys to?

answer: Yuan officeholders

text: Yuan officeholders


text: Many energy markets, institutions, and policies have been developed to support the production and use of fossil fuels. Newer and cleaner technologies may offer social and environmental benefits, but utility operators often reject renewable resources because they are trained to think only in terms of big, conventional power plants. Consumers often ignore renewable power systems because they are not given accurate price signals about electricity consumption. Intentional market distortions (such as subsidies), and unintentional market distortions (such as split incentives) may work against renewables. Benjamin K. Sovacool has argued that "some of the most surreptitious, yet powerful, impediments facing renewable energy and energy efficiency in the United States are more about culture and institutions than engineering and science".

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

text: Many

text: energy

text: markets

text: institutions

text: and

text: policies

text: have

text: been

text: developed

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: production

text: and

text: use

text: of

text: fossil

text: fuels

text: Newer

text: and

text: cleaner

text: technologies

text: may

text: offer

text: social

text: and

text: environmental

text: benefits

text: but

text: utility

text: operators

text: often

text: reject

text: renewable

text: resources

text: because

text: they

text: are

text: trained

text: to

text: think

text: only

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: big

text: conventional

text: power

text: plants

text: Consumers

text: often

text: ignore

text: renewable

text: power

text: systems

text: because

text: they

text: are

text: not

text: given

text: accurate

text: price

text: signals

text: about

text: electricity

text: consumption

text: Intentional

text: market

text: distortions

text: such

text: as

text: subsidies

text: and

text: unintentional

text: market

text: distortions

text: such

text: as

text: split

text: incentives

text: may

text: work

text: against

text: renewables

text: Benjamin

text: K.

text: Sovacool

text: has

text: argued

text: that

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: surreptitious

text: yet

text: powerful

text: impediments

text: facing

text: renewable

text: energy

text: and

text: energy

text: efficiency

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: are

text: more

text: about

text: culture

text: and

text: institutions

text: than

text: engineering

text: and

text: science

question: Why do utility operators often reject renewable resources?

answer: because they are trained to think only in terms of big, conventional power plants

text: because they are trained to think only in terms of big, conventional power plants

question: Why do consumers often ignore renewable power systems?

answer: because they are not given accurate price signals about electricity consumption

text: because they are not given accurate price signals about electricity consumption

question: Who argued that some of the problems facing renewable energy are more about culture and institutions than engineering and science?

answer: Benjamin K. Sovacool

text: Benjamin K. Sovacool

question: Why do utility operators often accept renewable resources?

question: Why do utility operators only ever accept renewable resources?

question: Why do consumers often accept renewable power systems?

question: Who agreed that some of the problems facing renewable energy are more about culture and institutions than engineering and science?

text: Benjamin K. Sovacool


text: Grey-box testing (American spelling: gray-box testing) involves having knowledge of internal data structures and algorithms for purposes of designing tests, while executing those tests at the user, or black-box level. The tester is not required to have full access to the software's source code.[not in citation given] Manipulating input data and formatting output do not qualify as grey-box, because the input and output are clearly outside of the "black box" that we are calling the system under test. This distinction is particularly important when conducting integration testing between two modules of code written by two different developers, where only the interfaces are exposed for test.

title: Software_testing

title: Software_testing

text: Grey

text: box

text: testing

text: American

text: spelling

text: gray

text: box

text: testing

text: involves

text: having

text: knowledge

text: of

text: internal

text: data

text: structures

text: and

text: algorithms

text: for

text: purposes

text: of

text: designing

text: tests

text: while

text: executing

text: those

text: tests

text: at

text: the

text: user

text: or

text: black

text: box

text: level

text: The

text: tester

text: is

text: not

text: required

text: to

text: have

text: full

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: software

text: 's

text: source

text: code.[not

text: in

text: citation

text: given

text: Manipulating

text: input

text: data

text: and

text: formatting

text: output

text: do

text: not

text: qualify

text: as

text: grey

text: box

text: because

text: the

text: input

text: and

text: output

text: are

text: clearly

text: outside

text: of

text: the

text: black

text: box

text: that

text: we

text: are

text: calling

text: the

text: system

text: under

text: test

text: This

text: distinction

text: is

text: particularly

text: important

text: when

text: conducting

text: integration

text: testing

text: between

text: two

text: modules

text: of

text: code

text: written

text: by

text: two

text: different

text: developers

text: where

text: only

text: the

text: interfaces

text: are

text: exposed

text: for

text: test

question: What does grey-box testing involve?

answer: having knowledge of internal data structures and algorithms

text: having knowledge of internal data structures and algorithms

question: What does a grey-box tester not need to run their test?

answer: not required to have full access to the software's source code

text: not required to have full access to the software's source code

question: What does not qualify as grey-box testing?

answer: Manipulating input data and formatting output

text: Manipulating input data and formatting output

question: Grey-box testing involves having knowledge of external data structures and what else?

question: The tester is required to have full access to what piece of information?

text: the software's source code

question: Manipulating data and formatting input do not qualify as what?

text: grey-box

question: When is the distinction between black and grey box not important?


text: One of the ways to prevent or slow down the transmission of infectious diseases is to recognize the different characteristics of various diseases. Some critical disease characteristics that should be evaluated include virulence, distance traveled by victims, and level of contagiousness. The human strains of Ebola virus, for example, incapacitate their victims extremely quickly and kill them soon after. As a result, the victims of this disease do not have the opportunity to travel very far from the initial infection zone. Also, this virus must spread through skin lesions or permeable membranes such as the eye. Thus, the initial stage of Ebola is not very contagious since its victims experience only internal hemorrhaging. As a result of the above features, the spread of Ebola is very rapid and usually stays within a relatively confined geographical area. In contrast, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) kills its victims very slowly by attacking their immune system. As a result, many of its victims transmit the virus to other individuals before even realizing that they are carrying the disease. Also, the relatively low virulence allows its victims to travel long distances, increasing the likelihood of an epidemic.

title: Infection

title: Infection

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: ways

text: to

text: prevent

text: or

text: slow

text: down

text: the

text: transmission

text: of

text: infectious

text: diseases

text: is

text: to

text: recognize

text: the

text: different

text: characteristics

text: of

text: various

text: diseases

text: Some

text: critical

text: disease

text: characteristics

text: that

text: should

text: be

text: evaluated

text: include

text: virulence

text: distance

text: traveled

text: by

text: victims

text: and

text: level

text: of

text: contagiousness

text: The

text: human

text: strains

text: of

text: Ebola

text: virus

text: for

text: example

text: incapacitate

text: their

text: victims

text: extremely

text: quickly

text: and

text: kill

text: them

text: soon

text: after

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: the

text: victims

text: of

text: this

text: disease

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: the

text: opportunity

text: to

text: travel

text: very

text: far

text: from

text: the

text: initial

text: infection

text: zone

text: Also

text: this

text: virus

text: must

text: spread

text: through

text: skin

text: lesions

text: or

text: permeable

text: membranes

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: eye

text: Thus

text: the

text: initial

text: stage

text: of

text: Ebola

text: is

text: not

text: very

text: contagious

text: since

text: its

text: victims

text: experience

text: only

text: internal

text: hemorrhaging

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: above

text: features

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: Ebola

text: is

text: very

text: rapid

text: and

text: usually

text: stays

text: within

text: a

text: relatively

text: confined

text: geographical

text: area

text: In

text: contrast

text: the

text: Human

text: Immunodeficiency

text: Virus

text: HIV

text: kills

text: its

text: victims

text: very

text: slowly

text: by

text: attacking

text: their

text: immune

text: system

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: many

text: of

text: its

text: victims

text: transmit

text: the

text: virus

text: to

text: other

text: individuals

text: before

text: even

text: realizing

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: carrying

text: the

text: disease

text: Also

text: the

text: relatively

text: low

text: virulence

text: allows

text: its

text: victims

text: to

text: travel

text: long

text: distances

text: increasing

text: the

text: likelihood

text: of

text: an

text: epidemic

question: Recognizing the different characteristics of various diseases is one way to do what?

answer: prevent or slow down the transmission of infectious diseases

text: prevent or slow down the transmission of infectious diseases

question: What are some critical disease characteristics that should be evaluated?

answer: virulence, distance traveled by victims, and level of contagiousness

text: virulence, distance traveled by victims, and level of contagiousness

question: What virus' strains incapacitate their victims extremely quickly before killing them?

answer: Ebola

text: Ebola

question: Why is the initial stage of Ebola not very contagious?

answer: victims experience only internal hemorrhaging

text: victims experience only internal hemorrhaging

question: What does the low virulence of HIV allow victims to do?

answer: travel long distances

text: travel long distances

question: What does recognizing the different characteristics of various diseases allow someone to increase?

text: the transmission of infectious diseases

question: What are some critical disease characteristics that should not be evaluated?

question: What virus' strains strengthen their victims extremely quickly before killing them?

text: Ebola

question: Why is the initial stage of Ebola so contagious?

question: What does the extreme virulence of HIV allow victims to do?

text: travel long distances


text: The written score, however, does not usually contain explicit instructions as to how to interpret the piece in terms of production or performance, apart from directions for dynamics, tempo and expression (to a certain extent). This is left to the discretion of the performers, who are guided by their personal experience and musical education, their knowledge of the work's idiom, their personal artistic tastes, and the accumulated body of historic performance practices.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: The

text: written

text: score

text: however

text: does

text: not

text: usually

text: contain

text: explicit

text: instructions

text: as

text: to

text: how

text: to

text: interpret

text: the

text: piece

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: production

text: or

text: performance

text: apart

text: from

text: directions

text: for

text: dynamics

text: tempo

text: and

text: expression

text: to

text: a

text: certain

text: extent

text: This

text: is

text: left

text: to

text: the

text: discretion

text: of

text: the

text: performers

text: who

text: are

text: guided

text: by

text: their

text: personal

text: experience

text: and

text: musical

text: education

text: their

text: knowledge

text: of

text: the

text: work

text: 's

text: idiom

text: their

text: personal

text: artistic

text: tastes

text: and

text: the

text: accumulated

text: body

text: of

text: historic

text: performance

text: practices

question: What does the written score not usually contain explicitly?

answer: instructions

text: instructions

question: Interpretations of written score is left to whom?

answer: performers

text: performers

question: Performers can use their knowledge of what to help interpret a written score?

answer: the work's idiom

text: the work's idiom