text: Athanasius knew Greek and admitted not knowing Hebrew [see, e.g., the 39th Festal Letter of St. Athan.]. The Old Testament passages he quotes frequently come from the Septuagint Greek translation. Only rarely did he use other Greek versions (to Aquila once in the Ecthesis, to other versions once or twice on the Psalms), and his knowledge of the Old Testament was limited to the Septuagint. Nonetheless, during his later exile, with no access to a copy of the Scriptures, Athanasius could quote from memory every verse in the Old Testament with a supposed reference to the Trinity without missing any.[citation needed] The combination of Scriptural study and of Greek learning was characteristic of the famous Alexandrian School.

title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

text: Athanasius

text: knew

text: Greek

text: and

text: admitted

text: not

text: knowing

text: Hebrew

text: see

text: e.g.

text: the

text: Festal

text: Letter

text: of

text: St.

text: Athan

text: The

text: Old

text: Testament

text: passages

text: he

text: quotes

text: frequently

text: come

text: from

text: the

text: Septuagint

text: Greek

text: translation

text: Only

text: rarely

text: did

text: he

text: use

text: other

text: Greek

text: versions

text: to

text: Aquila

text: once

text: in

text: the

text: Ecthesis

text: to

text: other

text: versions

text: once

text: or

text: twice

text: on

text: the

text: Psalms

text: and

text: his

text: knowledge

text: of

text: the

text: Old

text: Testament

text: was

text: limited

text: to

text: the

text: Septuagint

text: Nonetheless

text: during

text: his

text: later

text: exile

text: with

text: no

text: access

text: to

text: a

text: copy

text: of

text: the

text: Scriptures

text: Athanasius

text: could

text: quote

text: from

text: memory

text: every

text: verse

text: in

text: the

text: Old

text: Testament

text: with

text: a

text: supposed

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: Trinity

text: without

text: missing

text: any.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: combination

text: of

text: Scriptural

text: study

text: and

text: of

text: Greek

text: learning

text: was

text: characteristic

text: of

text: the

text: famous

text: Alexandrian

text: School

question: Did Athanasius speak Greek?

answer: knew Greek

text: knew Greek

question: Did he understand Hebrew?

answer: not knowing Hebrew

text: not knowing Hebrew

question: Did he know all of the Old Testament?

answer: limited to the Septuagint

text: limited to the Septuagint

question: What did students learn in the school in Alexandria?

answer: Scriptural study and of Greek

text: Scriptural study and of Greek

question: What translation of the Old Testament did he study?

answer: Septuagint Greek

text: Septuagint Greek

question: What is the name of the school where Athanasius learned Hebrew?

text: Alexandrian School

question: Where did Athanasius obtain a Septuagint from?

text: Alexandrian School

question: Where did Athanasius obtain a Hebrew Septuagint from?

text: Alexandrian School

question: What letter did Athanasius write in Hebrew?

text: the 39th Festal Letter of St. Athan

question: What part of the Old Testament did he not know?

text: Septuagint

question: What did teachers learn in the school in Alexandria?

text: Septuagint Greek

question: What copy of the scriptures did he have in exile?

text: Septuagint

question: What was not a characteristic of the school?

text: Greek learning


text: Once again his spirits were raised when the unit under his command received orders overseas to France. This time his wishes were thwarted when the armistice was signed, just a week before departure. Completely missing out on the warfront left him depressed and bitter for a time, despite being given the Distinguished Service Medal for his work at home.[citation needed] In World War II, rivals who had combat service in the first great war (led by Gen. Bernard Montgomery) sought to denigrate Eisenhower for his previous lack of combat duty, despite his stateside experience establishing a camp, completely equipped, for thousands of troops, and developing a full combat training schedule.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: Once

text: again

text: his

text: spirits

text: were

text: raised

text: when

text: the

text: unit

text: under

text: his

text: command

text: received

text: orders

text: overseas

text: to

text: France

text: This

text: time

text: his

text: wishes

text: were

text: thwarted

text: when

text: the

text: armistice

text: was

text: signed

text: just

text: a

text: week

text: before

text: departure

text: Completely

text: missing

text: out

text: on

text: the

text: warfront

text: left

text: him

text: depressed

text: and

text: bitter

text: for

text: a

text: time

text: despite

text: being

text: given

text: the

text: Distinguished

text: Service

text: Medal

text: for

text: his

text: work

text: at

text: home.[citation

text: needed

text: In

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: rivals

text: who

text: had

text: combat

text: service

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: great

text: war

text: led

text: by

text: Gen.

text: Bernard

text: Montgomery

text: sought

text: to

text: denigrate

text: Eisenhower

text: for

text: his

text: previous

text: lack

text: of

text: combat

text: duty

text: despite

text: his

text: stateside

text: experience

text: establishing

text: a

text: camp

text: completely

text: equipped

text: for

text: thousands

text: of

text: troops

text: and

text: developing

text: a

text: full

text: combat

text: training

text: schedule

question: How long before Eisenhower was to be transferred to France did World War I end?

answer: week

text: week

question: What decoration did Eisenhower receive as a result of his First World War service?

answer: Distinguished Service Medal

text: Distinguished Service Medal

question: What notable Second World War commander disparaged Eisenhower for his lack of combat experience?

answer: Montgomery

text: Montgomery


text: In 1211, the Jewish community in the country was strengthened by the arrival of a group headed by over 300 rabbis from France and England, among them Rabbi Samson ben Abraham of Sens. Nachmanides, the 13th-century Spanish rabbi and recognised leader of Jewry greatly praised the land of Israel and viewed its settlement as a positive commandment incumbent on all Jews. He wrote "If the gentiles wish to make peace, we shall make peace and leave them on clear terms; but as for the land, we shall not leave it in their hands, nor in the hands of any nation, not in any generation."

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: In

text: the

text: Jewish

text: community

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: was

text: strengthened

text: by

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: a

text: group

text: headed

text: by

text: over

text: rabbis

text: from

text: France

text: and

text: England

text: among

text: them

text: Rabbi

text: Samson

text: ben

text: Abraham

text: of

text: Sens

text: Nachmanides

text: the

text: century

text: Spanish

text: rabbi

text: and

text: recognised

text: leader

text: of

text: Jewry

text: greatly

text: praised

text: the

text: land

text: of

text: Israel

text: and

text: viewed

text: its

text: settlement

text: as

text: a

text: positive

text: commandment

text: incumbent

text: on

text: all

text: Jews

text: He

text: wrote

text: If

text: the

text: gentiles

text: wish

text: to

text: make

text: peace

text: we

text: shall

text: make

text: peace

text: and

text: leave

text: them

text: on

text: clear

text: terms

text: but

text: as

text: for

text: the

text: land

text: we

text: shall

text: not

text: leave

text: it

text: in

text: their

text: hands

text: nor

text: in

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: any

text: nation

text: not

text: in

text: any

text: generation

question: When was the Jewish community strengthened by rabbis?

answer: 1211

question: Who was the 13th-century Spanish rabbi and recognised leader of Jewry?

answer: Nachmanides

text: Nachmanides

question: What did Nachmanides write?

answer: "If the gentiles wish to make peace, we shall make peace and leave them on clear terms

text: "If the gentiles wish to make peace, we shall make peace and leave them on clear terms


text: Beginning in first decade of the 15th century, Jan Hus—a Roman Catholic priest, Czech reformist and professor—influenced by John Wycliffe's writings, founded the Hussite movement. He strongly advocated his reformist Bohemian religious denomination. He was excommunicated and burned at the stake in Constance, Bishopric of Constance in 1415 by secular authorities for unrepentant and persistent heresy. After his execution, a revolt erupted. Hussites defeated five continuous crusades proclaimed against them by the Pope.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: Beginning

text: in

text: first

text: decade

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Jan

text: Hus

text: a

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: priest

text: Czech

text: reformist

text: and

text: professor

text: influenced

text: by

text: John

text: Wycliffe

text: 's

text: writings

text: founded

text: the

text: Hussite

text: movement

text: He

text: strongly

text: advocated

text: his

text: reformist

text: Bohemian

text: religious

text: denomination

text: He

text: was

text: excommunicated

text: and

text: burned

text: at

text: the

text: stake

text: in

text: Constance

text: Bishopric

text: of

text: Constance

text: in

text: by

text: secular

text: authorities

text: for

text: unrepentant

text: and

text: persistent

text: heresy

text: After

text: his

text: execution

text: a

text: revolt

text: erupted

text: Hussites

text: defeated

text: five

text: continuous

text: crusades

text: proclaimed

text: against

text: them

text: by

text: the

text: Pope

question: Who started the Hussite movement?

answer: Jan Hus

text: Jan Hus

question: Whose words were an inspiration for Jan Hus?

answer: John Wycliffe

text: John Wycliffe

question: How many crusades were waged against the Hussites?

answer: five

text: five

question: Who called the crusades against the Hussites?

answer: the Pope

text: the Pope

question: How did Jan Hus die?

answer: burned at the stake

text: burned at the stake


text: Nazi Germany terminated the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact at 03:15 on 22 June 1941 by launching a massive attack on the Soviet positions in eastern Poland which marked the beginning of the invasion of the Soviet Union known as Operation Barbarossa. Stalin had ignored several warnings that Germany was likely to invade, and ordered no 'full-scale' mobilization of forces although the mobilization was ongoing. After the launch of the invasion, the territories gained by the Soviet Union as a result of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact were lost in a matter of weeks. Within six months, the Soviet military had suffered 4.3 million casualties, and Germany had captured three million Soviet prisoners. The lucrative export of Soviet raw materials to Nazi Germany over the course of the Nazi–Soviet economic relations (1934–41) continued uninterrupted until the outbreak of hostilities. The Soviet exports in several key areas enabled Germany to maintain its stocks of rubber and grain from the first day of the invasion until October 1941.

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: terminated

text: the

text: Molotov

text: Ribbentrop

text: Pact

text: at

text: on

text: June

text: by

text: launching

text: a

text: massive

text: attack

text: on

text: the

text: Soviet

text: positions

text: in

text: eastern

text: Poland

text: which

text: marked

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: invasion

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: known

text: as

text: Operation

text: Barbarossa

text: Stalin

text: had

text: ignored

text: several

text: warnings

text: that

text: Germany

text: was

text: likely

text: to

text: invade

text: and

text: ordered

text: no

text: full

text: scale

text: mobilization

text: of

text: forces

text: although

text: the

text: mobilization

text: was

text: ongoing

text: After

text: the

text: launch

text: of

text: the

text: invasion

text: the

text: territories

text: gained

text: by

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: Molotov

text: Ribbentrop

text: Pact

text: were

text: lost

text: in

text: a

text: matter

text: of

text: weeks

text: Within

text: six

text: months

text: the

text: Soviet

text: military

text: had

text: suffered

text: million

text: casualties

text: and

text: Germany

text: had

text: captured

text: three

text: million

text: Soviet

text: prisoners

text: The

text: lucrative

text: export

text: of

text: Soviet

text: raw

text: materials

text: to

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: over

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: Nazi

text: Soviet

text: economic

text: relations

text: continued

text: uninterrupted

text: until

text: the

text: outbreak

text: of

text: hostilities

text: The

text: Soviet

text: exports

text: in

text: several

text: key

text: areas

text: enabled

text: Germany

text: to

text: maintain

text: its

text: stocks

text: of

text: rubber

text: and

text: grain

text: from

text: the

text: first

text: day

text: of

text: the

text: invasion

text: until

text: October

question: Where did the German attack on Soviet forces occur?

answer: Soviet positions in eastern Poland

text: Soviet positions in eastern Poland

question: How many Soviet military members died within the first six months of the war between the two countries?

answer: 4.3 million casualties

text: 4.3 million casualties

question: How many Soviet prisoners did german take within the first six months of war between the two countries?

answer: three million Soviet prisoners

text: three million Soviet prisoners

question: How long did it take to capture regions of the world that were once occupied by soviets once the initial attack occurred?

answer: matter of weeks

text: matter of weeks

question: Where did the German attack on Soviet forces not occur?

text: Soviet positions in eastern Poland

question: Where did the German attack on British forces occur?

text: Soviet positions in eastern Poland

question: How many Soviet military members died within the first nine months of the war between the two countries?

text: 4.3 million

question: How many Soviet prisoners did german take within the first nine months of war between the two countries?

text: three million

question: How long did it take to capture regions of the world that were once occupied by soviets once the final attack occurred?

text: matter of weeks


text: The unemployment rate reached its peak of 20% in 2005. Since then, it has decreased to 7% in 2013, which is only slightly above the national average. The decrease is caused on the one hand by the emergence of new jobs and on the other by a marked decrease in the working-age population, caused by emigration and low birth rates for decades. The wages in Thuringia are low compared to rich bordering Lands like Hesse and Bavaria. Therefore, many Thuringians are working in other German Lands and even in Austria and Switzerland as weekly commuters. Nevertheless, the demographic transition in Thuringia leads to a lack of workers in some sectors. External immigration into Thuringia has been encouraged by the government since about 2010 to counter this problem.

title: Thuringia

title: Thuringia

text: The

text: unemployment

text: rate

text: reached

text: its

text: peak

text: of

text: in

text: Since

text: then

text: it

text: has

text: decreased

text: to

text: in

text: which

text: is

text: only

text: slightly

text: above

text: the

text: national

text: average

text: The

text: decrease

text: is

text: caused

text: on

text: the

text: one

text: hand

text: by

text: the

text: emergence

text: of

text: new

text: jobs

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: by

text: a

text: marked

text: decrease

text: in

text: the

text: working

text: age

text: population

text: caused

text: by

text: emigration

text: and

text: low

text: birth

text: rates

text: for

text: decades

text: The

text: wages

text: in

text: Thuringia

text: are

text: low

text: compared

text: to

text: rich

text: bordering

text: Lands

text: like

text: Hesse

text: and

text: Bavaria

text: Therefore

text: many

text: Thuringians

text: are

text: working

text: in

text: other

text: German

text: Lands

text: and

text: even

text: in

text: Austria

text: and

text: Switzerland

text: as

text: weekly

text: commuters

text: Nevertheless

text: the

text: demographic

text: transition

text: in

text: Thuringia

text: leads

text: to

text: a

text: lack

text: of

text: workers

text: in

text: some

text: sectors

text: External

text: immigration

text: into

text: Thuringia

text: has

text: been

text: encouraged

text: by

text: the

text: government

text: since

text: about

text: to

text: counter

text: this

text: problem

question: When did the unemployment rate of Thuringia peak?

answer: 20% in 2005

text: 20% in 2005

question: What is the current state of unemployment in Thuringia?

answer: it has decreased to 7%

text: it has decreased to 7%

question: How do wages in Thuringia compare to their neighbors?

answer: The wages in Thuringia are low compared to rich bordering Lands like Hesse and Bavaria.

text: The wages in Thuringia are low compared to rich bordering Lands like Hesse and Bavaria.

question: What do many Thuringian workers do to earn better wages?

answer: working in other German Lands and even in Austria and Switzerland as weekly commuters

text: working in other German Lands and even in Austria and Switzerland as weekly commuters

question: What has lead to a lack of workers in some sectors?

answer: demographic transition

text: demographic transition

question: When did the unemployment rate of Thuringia crash?

text: 20% in 2005

question: What is the current state of employment in Thuringia?

question: How do wages in Thuringia sadden their neighbors?

question: What do many Thuringian workers do to earn lower wages?

question: What has lead to a surplus of workers in some sectors?

text: demographic transition


text: Israel has embraced solar energy; its engineers are on the cutting edge of solar energy technology and its solar companies work on projects around the world. Over 90% of Israeli homes use solar energy for hot water, the highest per capita in the world. According to government figures, the country saves 8% of its electricity consumption per year because of its solar energy use in heating. The high annual incident solar irradiance at its geographic latitude creates ideal conditions for what is an internationally renowned solar research and development industry in the Negev Desert. Israel had a modern electric car infrastructure involving a countrywide network of recharging stations to facilitate the charging and exchange of car batteries. It was thought that this would have lowered Israel's oil dependency and lowered the fuel costs of hundreds of Israel's motorists that use cars powered only by electric batteries. The Israeli model was being studied by several countries and being implemented in Denmark and Australia. However, Israel's trailblazing electric car company Better Place shut down in 2013.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: Israel

text: has

text: embraced

text: solar

text: energy

text: its

text: engineers

text: are

text: on

text: the

text: cutting

text: edge

text: of

text: solar

text: energy

text: technology

text: and

text: its

text: solar

text: companies

text: work

text: on

text: projects

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: Over

text: of

text: Israeli

text: homes

text: use

text: solar

text: energy

text: for

text: hot

text: water

text: the

text: highest

text: per

text: capita

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: According

text: to

text: government

text: figures

text: the

text: country

text: saves

text: of

text: its

text: electricity

text: consumption

text: per

text: year

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: solar

text: energy

text: use

text: in

text: heating

text: The

text: high

text: annual

text: incident

text: solar

text: irradiance

text: at

text: its

text: geographic

text: latitude

text: creates

text: ideal

text: conditions

text: for

text: what

text: is

text: an

text: internationally

text: renowned

text: solar

text: research

text: and

text: development

text: industry

text: in

text: the

text: Negev

text: Desert

text: Israel

text: had

text: a

text: modern

text: electric

text: car

text: infrastructure

text: involving

text: a

text: countrywide

text: network

text: of

text: recharging

text: stations

text: to

text: facilitate

text: the

text: charging

text: and

text: exchange

text: of

text: car

text: batteries

text: It

text: was

text: thought

text: that

text: this

text: would

text: have

text: lowered

text: Israel

text: 's

text: oil

text: dependency

text: and

text: lowered

text: the

text: fuel

text: costs

text: of

text: hundreds

text: of

text: Israel

text: 's

text: motorists

text: that

text: use

text: cars

text: powered

text: only

text: by

text: electric

text: batteries

text: The

text: Israeli

text: model

text: was

text: being

text: studied

text: by

text: several

text: countries

text: and

text: being

text: implemented

text: in

text: Denmark

text: and

text: Australia

text: However

text: Israel

text: 's

text: trailblazing

text: electric

text: car

text: company

text: Better

text: Place

text: shut

text: down

text: in

question: How many homes in Israel use solar energy for hot water?

answer: Over 90%

text: Over 90%

question: How much electricity does the country save per year?

answer: 8%

question: When did Better Place shut down?

answer: 2013


text: Logging was Seattle's first major industry, but by the late 19th century the city had become a commercial and shipbuilding center as a gateway to Alaska during the Klondike Gold Rush. By 1910, Seattle was one of the 25 largest cities in the country. However, the Great Depression severely damaged the city's economy. Growth returned during and after World War II, due partially to the local Boeing company, which established Seattle as a center for aircraft manufacturing. The Seattle area developed as a technology center beginning in the 1980s, with companies like Microsoft becoming established in the region. In 1994 the Internet retail giant Amazon was founded in Seattle. The stream of new software, biotechnology, and Internet companies led to an economic revival, which increased the city's population by almost 50,000 between 1990 and 2000.

title: Seattle

title: Seattle

text: Logging

text: was

text: Seattle

text: 's

text: first

text: major

text: industry

text: but

text: by

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: become

text: a

text: commercial

text: and

text: shipbuilding

text: center

text: as

text: a

text: gateway

text: to

text: Alaska

text: during

text: the

text: Klondike

text: Gold

text: Rush

text: By

text: Seattle

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: However

text: the

text: Great

text: Depression

text: severely

text: damaged

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: economy

text: Growth

text: returned

text: during

text: and

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: due

text: partially

text: to

text: the

text: local

text: Boeing

text: company

text: which

text: established

text: Seattle

text: as

text: a

text: center

text: for

text: aircraft

text: manufacturing

text: The

text: Seattle

text: area

text: developed

text: as

text: a

text: technology

text: center

text: beginning

text: in

text: the

text: with

text: companies

text: like

text: Microsoft

text: becoming

text: established

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: In

text: the

text: Internet

text: retail

text: giant

text: Amazon

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: Seattle

text: The

text: stream

text: of

text: new

text: software

text: biotechnology

text: and

text: Internet

text: companies

text: led

text: to

text: an

text: economic

text: revival

text: which

text: increased

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: population

text: by

text: almost

text: between

text: and

question: To what golden event was Seattle the portal?

answer: Klondike Gold Rush

text: Klondike Gold Rush

question: In what area was the Klondike Gold Rush located?

answer: Alaska

text: Alaska

question: What was Seattle's first primary money maker?

answer: Logging

text: Logging

question: What was the airplane company that helped Seattle return to economic stability?

answer: Boeing

text: Boeing

question: Which large technology giant established its home base in Seattle?

answer: Microsoft

text: Microsoft


text: Symbiosis (from Greek σύν "together" and βίωσις "living") is close and often long-term interaction between two different biological species. In 1877 Albert Bernhard Frank used the word symbiosis (which previously had been used to depict people living together in community) to describe the mutualistic relationship in lichens. In 1879, the German mycologist Heinrich Anton de Bary defined it as "the living together of unlike organisms."

title: Symbiosis

title: Symbiosis

text: Symbiosis

text: from

text: Greek

text: σύν

text: together

text: and

text: βίωσις

text: living

text: is

text: close

text: and

text: often

text: long

text: term

text: interaction

text: between

text: two

text: different

text: biological

text: species

text: In

text: Albert

text: Bernhard

text: Frank

text: used

text: the

text: word

text: symbiosis

text: which

text: previously

text: had

text: been

text: used

text: to

text: depict

text: people

text: living

text: together

text: in

text: community

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: mutualistic

text: relationship

text: in

text: lichens

text: In

text: the

text: German

text: mycologist

text: Heinrich

text: Anton

text: de

text: Bary

text: defined

text: it

text: as

text: the

text: living

text: together

text: of

text: unlike

text: organisms

question: What language does the word "symbiosis" come from?

answer: Greek

text: Greek

question: What type of organism did Frank apply the term "symbiosis" to?

answer: lichens

text: lichens

question: What nationality was Heinrich Anton de Bary?

answer: German

text: German

question: What nationality was Albert Bernhard Frank?

text: German

question: When did Heinrich Anton de Bary discover lichens?

question: When was the the word "symbiosis" discovered?

question: What year did Heinrich Anton de Bary become a mycologist?

question: What year did Albert Bernhard Frank agree to define "symbiosis" as "the living together of unlike organisms."?


text: Albert spent the first six months of 1913 on the training ship HMS Cumberland in the West Indies and on the east coast of Canada. He was rated as a midshipman aboard HMS Collingwood on 15 September 1913, and spent three months in the Mediterranean. His fellow officers gave him the nickname "Mr. Johnson". One year after his commission, he began service in the First World War. He was mentioned in despatches for his action as a turret officer aboard Collingwood in the Battle of Jutland (31 May – 1 June 1916), an indecisive engagement with the German navy that was the largest naval action of the war. He did not see further combat, largely because of ill health caused by a duodenal ulcer, for which he had an operation in November 1917.

title: George_VI

title: George_VI

text: Albert

text: spent

text: the

text: first

text: six

text: months

text: of

text: on

text: the

text: training

text: ship

text: HMS

text: Cumberland

text: in

text: the

text: West

text: Indies

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: coast

text: of

text: Canada

text: He

text: was

text: rated

text: as

text: a

text: midshipman

text: aboard

text: HMS

text: Collingwood

text: on

text: September

text: and

text: spent

text: three

text: months

text: in

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: His

text: fellow

text: officers

text: gave

text: him

text: the

text: nickname

text: Mr.

text: Johnson

text: One

text: year

text: after

text: his

text: commission

text: he

text: began

text: service

text: in

text: the

text: First

text: World

text: War

text: He

text: was

text: mentioned

text: in

text: despatches

text: for

text: his

text: action

text: as

text: a

text: turret

text: officer

text: aboard

text: Collingwood

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Jutland

text: May

text: June

text: an

text: indecisive

text: engagement

text: with

text: the

text: German

text: navy

text: that

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: naval

text: action

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: He

text: did

text: not

text: see

text: further

text: combat

text: largely

text: because

text: of

text: ill

text: health

text: caused

text: by

text: a

text: duodenal

text: ulcer

text: for

text: which

text: he

text: had

text: an

text: operation

text: in

text: November

question: Which ship did Alber train on in 1913?

answer: HMS Cumberland

text: HMS Cumberland

question: How many months did Albert spend in the Mediterranean in 1913?

answer: three months

text: three months

question: Which war did Albert serve in?

answer: First World War

text: First World War

question: Who gave Albert the nickname of "Mr Johnson"?

answer: fellow officers

text: fellow officers

question: What was the cause of Albert's ill health in 1917?

answer: duodenal ulcer

text: duodenal ulcer

question: In what year did Albert leave the military?

question: What was one of the months Albert served in the Mediterranean?

text: November

question: In which month in 1913 did Albert start serving on the HMS Cumberland?

text: September

question: In what year did Albert start serving on the Collingwood?

question: What rank did Albert have while serving on the HMS Cumberland?

text: midshipman


text: The radio signal's electrical component induces a voltage in the conductor. This causes an electrical current to begin flowing in the direction of the signal's instantaneous field. When the resulting current reaches the end of the conductor, it reflects, which is equivalent to a 180 degree change in phase. If the conductor is 1⁄4 of a wavelength long, current from the feed point will undergo 90 degree phase change by the time it reaches the end of the conductor, reflect through 180 degrees, and then another 90 degrees as it travels back. That means it has undergone a total 360 degree phase change, returning it to the original signal. The current in the element thus adds to the current being created from the source at that instant. This process creates a standing wave in the conductor, with the maximum current at the feed.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: The

text: radio

text: signal

text: 's

text: electrical

text: component

text: induces

text: a

text: voltage

text: in

text: the

text: conductor

text: This

text: causes

text: an

text: electrical

text: current

text: to

text: begin

text: flowing

text: in

text: the

text: direction

text: of

text: the

text: signal

text: 's

text: instantaneous

text: field

text: When

text: the

text: resulting

text: current

text: reaches

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: conductor

text: it

text: reflects

text: which

text: is

text: equivalent

text: to

text: a

text: degree

text: change

text: in

text: phase

text: If

text: the

text: conductor

text: is

text: of

text: a

text: wavelength

text: long

text: current

text: from

text: the

text: feed

text: point

text: will

text: undergo

text: degree

text: phase

text: change

text: by

text: the

text: time

text: it

text: reaches

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: conductor

text: reflect

text: through

text: degrees

text: and

text: then

text: another

text: degrees

text: as

text: it

text: travels

text: back

text: That

text: means

text: it

text: has

text: undergone

text: a

text: total

text: degree

text: phase

text: change

text: returning

text: it

text: to

text: the

text: original

text: signal

text: The

text: current

text: in

text: the

text: element

text: thus

text: adds

text: to

text: the

text: current

text: being

text: created

text: from

text: the

text: source

text: at

text: that

text: instant

text: This

text: process

text: creates

text: a

text: standing

text: wave

text: in

text: the

text: conductor

text: with

text: the

text: maximum

text: current

text: at

text: the

text: feed

question: What part of the radio signal creates voltage?

answer: electrical component

text: electrical component

question: What would the electric current always gravitate to?

answer: instantaneous field

text: instantaneous field

question: What is the outcome when a curren is reflected>

answer: 180 degree change in phase

text: 180 degree change in phase

question: What amount of phase change would return a signal to its originial state?

answer: 360 degree

text: 360 degree


text: Śuddhodana was determined to see his son become a king, so he prevented him from leaving the palace grounds. But at age 29, despite his father's efforts, Gautama ventured beyond the palace several times. In a series of encounters—known in Buddhist literature as the four sights—he learned of the suffering of ordinary people, encountering an old man, a sick man, a corpse and, finally, an ascetic holy man, apparently content and at peace with the world. These experiences prompted Gautama to abandon royal life and take up a spiritual quest.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Śuddhodana

text: was

text: determined

text: to

text: see

text: his

text: son

text: become

text: a

text: king

text: so

text: he

text: prevented

text: him

text: from

text: leaving

text: the

text: palace

text: grounds

text: But

text: at

text: age

text: despite

text: his

text: father

text: 's

text: efforts

text: Gautama

text: ventured

text: beyond

text: the

text: palace

text: several

text: times

text: In

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: encounters

text: known

text: in

text: Buddhist

text: literature

text: as

text: the

text: four

text: sights

text: he

text: learned

text: of

text: the

text: suffering

text: of

text: ordinary

text: people

text: encountering

text: an

text: old

text: man

text: a

text: sick

text: man

text: a

text: corpse

text: and

text: finally

text: an

text: ascetic

text: holy

text: man

text: apparently

text: content

text: and

text: at

text: peace

text: with

text: the

text: world

text: These

text: experiences

text: prompted

text: Gautama

text: to

text: abandon

text: royal

text: life

text: and

text: take

text: up

text: a

text: spiritual

text: quest

question: What did Śuddhodana do to ensure that his son became a king instead of a holy man?

answer: prevented him from leaving the palace grounds

text: prevented him from leaving the palace grounds

question: How old was Gautama when he first left the palace grounds?

answer: 29

question: What happened when Gautama left the palace grounds?

answer: he learned of the suffering of ordinary people

text: he learned of the suffering of ordinary people

question: What are the four sights in Buddhism?

answer: encountering an old man, a sick man, a corpse and, finally, an ascetic holy man

text: encountering an old man, a sick man, a corpse and, finally, an ascetic holy man

question: What did Buddha's father want him to become?

answer: a king

text: a king

question: By what age was he venturing outside?

answer: 29

question: What were his first four encounters called?

answer: the four sights

text: the four sights

question: What did Gautama do after learning about the outside world?

answer: abandon royal life

text: abandon royal life

question: Suddhodana wanted his son to become what?

answer: a king

text: a king

question: At what age did Gautama venture out from the palace area?

answer: 29

question: How many "sights" did Gautama have that are well known?

answer: four

text: four

question: Gautama encountered an old man, a sick man, a holy man, and a what?

answer: corpse

text: corpse


text: When anti-German demonstrations erupted in Prague, Czechoslovakia, the Comintern ordered the Czech Communist Party to employ all of its strength to paralyze "chauvinist elements." Moscow soon forced the Communist Parties of France and Great Britain to adopt an anti-war position. On 7 September, Stalin called Georgi Dimitrov,[clarification needed] and the latter sketched a new Comintern line on the war. The new line—which stated that the war was unjust and imperialist—was approved by the secretariat of the Communist International on 9 September. Thus, the various western Communist parties now had to oppose the war, and to vote against war credits. Although the French Communists had unanimously voted in Parliament for war credits on 2 September and on 19 September declared their "unshakeable will" to defend the country, on 27 September the Comintern formally instructed the party to condemn the war as imperialist. By 1 October the French Communists advocated listening to German peace proposals, and Communist leader Maurice Thorez deserted from the French Army on 4 October and fled to Russia. Other Communists also deserted from the army.

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

text: When

text: anti

text: German

text: demonstrations

text: erupted

text: in

text: Prague

text: Czechoslovakia

text: the

text: Comintern

text: ordered

text: the

text: Czech

text: Communist

text: Party

text: to

text: employ

text: all

text: of

text: its

text: strength

text: to

text: paralyze

text: chauvinist

text: elements

text: Moscow

text: soon

text: forced

text: the

text: Communist

text: Parties

text: of

text: France

text: and

text: Great

text: Britain

text: to

text: adopt

text: an

text: anti

text: war

text: position

text: On

text: September

text: Stalin

text: called

text: Georgi

text: Dimitrov,[clarification

text: needed

text: and

text: the

text: latter

text: sketched

text: a

text: new

text: Comintern

text: line

text: on

text: the

text: war

text: The

text: new

text: line

text: which

text: stated

text: that

text: the

text: war

text: was

text: unjust

text: and

text: imperialist

text: was

text: approved

text: by

text: the

text: secretariat

text: of

text: the

text: Communist

text: International

text: on

text: September

text: Thus

text: the

text: various

text: western

text: Communist

text: parties

text: now

text: had

text: to

text: oppose

text: the

text: war

text: and

text: to

text: vote

text: against

text: war

text: credits

text: Although

text: the

text: French

text: Communists

text: had

text: unanimously

text: voted

text: in

text: Parliament

text: for

text: war

text: credits

text: on

text: September

text: and

text: on

text: September

text: declared

text: their

text: unshakeable

text: will

text: to

text: defend

text: the

text: country

text: on

text: September

text: the

text: Comintern

text: formally

text: instructed

text: the

text: party

text: to

text: condemn

text: the

text: war

text: as

text: imperialist

text: By

text: October

text: the

text: French

text: Communists

text: advocated

text: listening

text: to

text: German

text: peace

text: proposals

text: and

text: Communist

text: leader

text: Maurice

text: Thorez

text: deserted

text: from

text: the

text: French

text: Army

text: on

text: October

text: and

text: fled

text: to

text: Russia

text: Other

text: Communists

text: also

text: deserted

text: from

text: the

text: army

question: The western communists new rhetoric was that the war was?

answer: the war was unjust and imperialist

text: the war was unjust and imperialist

question: The western communists claimed the war was what?

answer: the war was unjust and imperialist

text: the war was unjust and imperialist

question: French communists voted for what?

answer: war credits

text: war credits

question: Where did Maurice Thorez go after deserting the Army?

answer: fled to Russia

text: fled to Russia

question: The eastern communists new rhetoric was that the war was?

text: the war was unjust and imperialist

question: The western communists old rhetoric was that the war was?

text: that the war was unjust and imperialist

question: French communists voted against what?

text: war credits

question: Where didn't Maurice Thorez go after deserting the Army?

text: fled to Russia

question: Where did Maurice Thorez go after joining the Army?

text: Russia


text: Widespread Roman interference in the Greek world was probably inevitable given the general manner of the ascendency of the Roman Republic. This Roman-Greek interaction began as a consequence of the Greek city-states located along the coast of southern Italy. Rome had come to dominate the Italian peninsula, and desired the submission of the Greek cities to its rule. Although they initially resisted, allying themselves with Pyrrhus of Epirus, and defeating the Romans at several battles, the Greek cities were unable to maintain this position and were absorbed by the Roman republic. Shortly afterwards, Rome became involved in Sicily, fighting against the Carthaginians in the First Punic War. The end result was the complete conquest of Sicily, including its previously powerful Greek cities, by the Romans.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: Widespread

text: Roman

text: interference

text: in

text: the

text: Greek

text: world

text: was

text: probably

text: inevitable

text: given

text: the

text: general

text: manner

text: of

text: the

text: ascendency

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: This

text: Roman

text: Greek

text: interaction

text: began

text: as

text: a

text: consequence

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: city

text: states

text: located

text: along

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: southern

text: Italy

text: Rome

text: had

text: come

text: to

text: dominate

text: the

text: Italian

text: peninsula

text: and

text: desired

text: the

text: submission

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: cities

text: to

text: its

text: rule

text: Although

text: they

text: initially

text: resisted

text: allying

text: themselves

text: with

text: Pyrrhus

text: of

text: Epirus

text: and

text: defeating

text: the

text: Romans

text: at

text: several

text: battles

text: the

text: Greek

text: cities

text: were

text: unable

text: to

text: maintain

text: this

text: position

text: and

text: were

text: absorbed

text: by

text: the

text: Roman

text: republic

text: Shortly

text: afterwards

text: Rome

text: became

text: involved

text: in

text: Sicily

text: fighting

text: against

text: the

text: Carthaginians

text: in

text: the

text: First

text: Punic

text: War

text: The

text: end

text: result

text: was

text: the

text: complete

text: conquest

text: of

text: Sicily

text: including

text: its

text: previously

text: powerful

text: Greek

text: cities

text: by

text: the

text: Romans

question: Rome dominated what peninsula?

answer: Italian

text: Italian

question: Greek cities were absorbed by what republic?

answer: Roman

text: Roman

question: Rome fought against the Carthaginians in what war?

answer: First Punic War

text: First Punic War

question: Sicily was won by whom in the First Punic war?

answer: Romans

text: Romans


text: Owing to economic conditions and the late 2000s recession, many of the proposed mega casinos never went further than the initial planning stages. One of these developers was Pinnacle Entertainment, who purchased the Sands Atlantic City, only to close it permanently November 11, 2006. The following year, the resort was demolished in a dramatic, Las Vegas styled implosion, the first of its kind in Atlantic City. While Pinnacle Entertainment intended to replace it with a $1.5–2 billion casino resort, the company canceled its construction plans and plans to sell the land. The biggest disappointment was when MGM Resorts International announced that it would pull out of all development for Atlantic City, effectively ending their plans for the MGM Grand Atlantic City.

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

text: Owing

text: to

text: economic

text: conditions

text: and

text: the

text: late

text: recession

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: proposed

text: mega

text: casinos

text: never

text: went

text: further

text: than

text: the

text: initial

text: planning

text: stages

text: One

text: of

text: these

text: developers

text: was

text: Pinnacle

text: Entertainment

text: who

text: purchased

text: the

text: Sands

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: only

text: to

text: close

text: it

text: permanently

text: November

text: The

text: following

text: year

text: the

text: resort

text: was

text: demolished

text: in

text: a

text: dramatic

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: styled

text: implosion

text: the

text: first

text: of

text: its

text: kind

text: in

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: While

text: Pinnacle

text: Entertainment

text: intended

text: to

text: replace

text: it

text: with

text: a

text: billion

text: casino

text: resort

text: the

text: company

text: canceled

text: its

text: construction

text: plans

text: and

text: plans

text: to

text: sell

text: the

text: land

text: The

text: biggest

text: disappointment

text: was

text: when

text: MGM

text: Resorts

text: International

text: announced

text: that

text: it

text: would

text: pull

text: out

text: of

text: all

text: development

text: for

text: Atlantic

text: City

text: effectively

text: ending

text: their

text: plans

text: for

text: the

text: MGM

text: Grand

text: Atlantic

text: City

question: When did the Sands Atlantic City close permanently?

answer: November 11, 2006

text: November 11, 2006

question: What happened to the Sands Atlantic City a year after it closed?

answer: demolished in a dramatic, Las Vegas styled implosion

text: demolished in a dramatic, Las Vegas styled implosion

question: What did Pinnacle Entertainment intend to replace the Sands Atlantic City with?

answer: $1.5–2 billion casino resort

text: $1.5–2 billion casino resort

question: Why did many of the proposed mega casinos never get further than the initial planning stages?

answer: economic conditions and the late 2000s recession

text: economic conditions and the late 2000s recession

question: Who purchased the Sands Atlantic City?

answer: Pinnacle Entertainment

text: Pinnacle Entertainment


text: Race was asked differently in the Census 2000 in several other ways than previously. Most significantly, respondents were given the option of selecting one or more race categories to indicate racial identities. Data show that nearly seven million Americans identified as members of two or more races. Because of these changes, the Census 2000 data on race are not directly comparable with data from the 1990 census or earlier censuses. Use of caution is therefore recommended when interpreting changes in the racial composition of the US population over time.

title: Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census

text: Race

text: was

text: asked

text: differently

text: in

text: the

text: Census

text: in

text: several

text: other

text: ways

text: than

text: previously

text: Most

text: significantly

text: respondents

text: were

text: given

text: the

text: option

text: of

text: selecting

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: race

text: categories

text: to

text: indicate

text: racial

text: identities

text: Data

text: show

text: that

text: nearly

text: seven

text: million

text: Americans

text: identified

text: as

text: members

text: of

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: races

text: Because

text: of

text: these

text: changes

text: the

text: Census

text: data

text: on

text: race

text: are

text: not

text: directly

text: comparable

text: with

text: data

text: from

text: the

text: census

text: or

text: earlier

text: censuses

text: Use

text: of

text: caution

text: is

text: therefore

text: recommended

text: when

text: interpreting

text: changes

text: in

text: the

text: racial

text: composition

text: of

text: the

text: US

text: population

text: over

text: time

question: In what year were census respondents first able to select more than one race?

answer: 2000

question: How many American reported being of more than one race in the Census 2000?

answer: nearly seven million

text: nearly seven million

question: What year was the last census before the Census 2000?

answer: 1990

question: How many race categories were respondents able to select in the Census 2000?

answer: one or more

text: one or more


text: As a doctoral student at Germany's University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Karlheinz Brandenburg began working on digital music compression in the early 1980s, focusing on how people perceive music. He completed his doctoral work in 1989. MP3 is directly descended from OCF and PXFM, representing the outcome of the collaboration of Brandenburg—working as a postdoc at AT&T-Bell Labs with James D. Johnston ("JJ") of AT&T-Bell Labs—with the Fraunhofer Institut for Integrated Circuits, Erlangen, with relatively minor contributions from the MP2 branch of psychoacoustic sub-band coders. In 1990, Brandenburg became an assistant professor at Erlangen-Nuremberg. While there, he continued to work on music compression with scientists at the Fraunhofer Society (in 1993 he joined the staff of the Fraunhofer Institute).

title: MP3

title: MP3

text: As

text: a

text: doctoral

text: student

text: at

text: Germany

text: 's

text: University

text: of

text: Erlangen

text: Nuremberg

text: Karlheinz

text: Brandenburg

text: began

text: working

text: on

text: digital

text: music

text: compression

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: focusing

text: on

text: how

text: people

text: perceive

text: music

text: He

text: completed

text: his

text: doctoral

text: work

text: in

text: is

text: directly

text: descended

text: from

text: OCF

text: and

text: PXFM

text: representing

text: the

text: outcome

text: of

text: the

text: collaboration

text: of

text: Brandenburg

text: working

text: as

text: a

text: postdoc

text: at

text: AT&T

text: Bell

text: Labs

text: with

text: James

text: D.

text: Johnston

text: JJ

text: of

text: AT&T

text: Bell

text: Labs

text: with

text: the

text: Fraunhofer

text: Institut

text: for

text: Integrated

text: Circuits

text: Erlangen

text: with

text: relatively

text: minor

text: contributions

text: from

text: the

text: branch

text: of

text: psychoacoustic

text: sub

text: band

text: coders

text: In

text: Brandenburg

text: became

text: an

text: assistant

text: professor

text: at

text: Erlangen

text: Nuremberg

text: While

text: there

text: he

text: continued

text: to

text: work

text: on

text: music

text: compression

text: with

text: scientists

text: at

text: the

text: Fraunhofer

text: Society

text: in

text: he

text: joined

text: the

text: staff

text: of

text: the

text: Fraunhofer

text: Institute

question: What kind of student was Karlheinz Brandenburg?

answer: doctoral

text: doctoral

question: When did Karlheinz start working on digitmal music compression?

answer: early 1980s

text: early 1980s

question: Where did Bradenburg become an assistant professor at?

answer: Erlangen-Nuremberg

text: Erlangen-Nuremberg

question: Who did Brandenburg work with in music compression?

answer: Fraunhofer Society

text: Fraunhofer Society

question: When did Brandenburg join the Fraunhofen Institute?

answer: 1993


text: Other sections of society included the nobility, clergy, and townsmen. Nobles, both the titled nobility and simple knights, exploited the manors and the peasants, although they did not own lands outright but were granted rights to the income from a manor or other lands by an overlord through the system of feudalism. During the 11th and 12th centuries, these lands, or fiefs, came to be considered hereditary, and in most areas they were no longer divisible between all the heirs as had been the case in the early medieval period. Instead, most fiefs and lands went to the eldest son.[R] The dominance of the nobility was built upon its control of the land, its military service as heavy cavalry, control of castles, and various immunities from taxes or other impositions.[S] Castles, initially in wood but later in stone, began to be constructed in the 9th and 10th centuries in response to the disorder of the time, and provided protection from invaders as well as allowing lords defence from rivals. Control of castles allowed the nobles to defy kings or other overlords. Nobles were stratified; kings and the highest-ranking nobility controlled large numbers of commoners and large tracts of land, as well as other nobles. Beneath them, lesser nobles had authority over smaller areas of land and fewer people. Knights were the lowest level of nobility; they controlled but did not own land, and had to serve other nobles.[T]

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: Other

text: sections

text: of

text: society

text: included

text: the

text: nobility

text: clergy

text: and

text: townsmen

text: Nobles

text: both

text: the

text: titled

text: nobility

text: and

text: simple

text: knights

text: exploited

text: the

text: manors

text: and

text: the

text: peasants

text: although

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: own

text: lands

text: outright

text: but

text: were

text: granted

text: rights

text: to

text: the

text: income

text: from

text: a

text: manor

text: or

text: other

text: lands

text: by

text: an

text: overlord

text: through

text: the

text: system

text: of

text: feudalism

text: During

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: these

text: lands

text: or

text: fiefs

text: came

text: to

text: be

text: considered

text: hereditary

text: and

text: in

text: most

text: areas

text: they

text: were

text: no

text: longer

text: divisible

text: between

text: all

text: the

text: heirs

text: as

text: had

text: been

text: the

text: case

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: medieval

text: period

text: Instead

text: most

text: fiefs

text: and

text: lands

text: went

text: to

text: the

text: eldest

text: son.[R

text: The

text: dominance

text: of

text: the

text: nobility

text: was

text: built

text: upon

text: its

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: land

text: its

text: military

text: service

text: as

text: heavy

text: cavalry

text: control

text: of

text: castles

text: and

text: various

text: immunities

text: from

text: taxes

text: or

text: other

text: impositions.[S

text: Castles

text: initially

text: in

text: wood

text: but

text: later

text: in

text: stone

text: began

text: to

text: be

text: constructed

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: disorder

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: provided

text: protection

text: from

text: invaders

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: allowing

text: lords

text: defence

text: from

text: rivals

text: Control

text: of

text: castles

text: allowed

text: the

text: nobles

text: to

text: defy

text: kings

text: or

text: other

text: overlords

text: Nobles

text: were

text: stratified

text: kings

text: and

text: the

text: highest

text: ranking

text: nobility

text: controlled

text: large

text: numbers

text: of

text: commoners

text: and

text: large

text: tracts

text: of

text: land

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: other

text: nobles

text: Beneath

text: them

text: lesser

text: nobles

text: had

text: authority

text: over

text: smaller

text: areas

text: of

text: land

text: and

text: fewer

text: people

text: Knights

text: were

text: the

text: lowest

text: level

text: of

text: nobility

text: they

text: controlled

text: but

text: did

text: not

text: own

text: land

text: and

text: had

text: to

text: serve

text: other

text: nobles.[T

question: In what centuries did fiefs become hereditary?

answer: 11th and 12th

text: 11th and 12th

question: In this period, who usually inherited fiefs?

answer: the eldest son

text: the eldest son

question: What were castles originally built out of?

answer: wood

text: wood

question: What group constituted the lowest nobility?

answer: Knights

text: Knights

question: In what century were castles first built?

answer: 9th


text: It was not until the end of the eighteenth century that migration as an explanation for the winter disappearance of birds from northern climes was accepted. Thomas Bewick's A History of British Birds (Volume 1, 1797) mentions a report from "a very intelligent master of a vessel" who, "between the islands of Minorca and Majorca, saw great numbers of Swallows flying northward", and states the situation in Britain as follows:

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: It

text: was

text: not

text: until

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: eighteenth

text: century

text: that

text: migration

text: as

text: an

text: explanation

text: for

text: the

text: winter

text: disappearance

text: of

text: birds

text: from

text: northern

text: climes

text: was

text: accepted

text: Thomas

text: Bewick

text: 's

text: A

text: History

text: of

text: British

text: Birds

text: Volume

text: mentions

text: a

text: report

text: from

text: a

text: very

text: intelligent

text: master

text: of

text: a

text: vessel

text: who

text: between

text: the

text: islands

text: of

text: Minorca

text: and

text: Majorca

text: saw

text: great

text: numbers

text: of

text: Swallows

text: flying

text: northward

text: and

text: states

text: the

text: situation

text: in

text: Britain

text: as

text: follows

question: When was migration finally accepted?

answer: the end of the eighteenth century

text: the end of the eighteenth century

question: Who wrote A History of British Birds?

answer: Thomas Bewick

text: Thomas Bewick

question: What year was Thomas Bewick's book published?

answer: 1797

question: Where were Swallows seen flying?

answer: between the islands of Minorca and Majorca

text: between the islands of Minorca and Majorca

question: Which directions were the Swallows flying?

answer: northward

text: northward


text: The city struck fortune in the late 18th century with the inventions and industrial activity of Eli Whitney, a Yale graduate who remained in New Haven to develop the cotton gin and establish a gun-manufacturing factory in the northern part of the city near the Hamden town line. That area is still known as Whitneyville, and the main road through both towns is known as Whitney Avenue. The factory is now the Eli Whitney Museum, which has a particular emphasis on activities for children and exhibits pertaining to the A. C. Gilbert Company. His factory, along with that of Simeon North, and the lively clock-making and brass hardware sectors, contributed to making early Connecticut a powerful manufacturing economy; so many arms manufacturers sprang up that the state became known as "The Arsenal of America". It was in Whitney's gun-manufacturing plant that Samuel Colt invented the automatic revolver in 1836. The Farmington Canal, created in the early 19th century, was a short-lived transporter of goods into the interior regions of Connecticut and Massachusetts, and ran from New Haven to Northampton, Massachusetts.

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: The

text: city

text: struck

text: fortune

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: with

text: the

text: inventions

text: and

text: industrial

text: activity

text: of

text: Eli

text: Whitney

text: a

text: Yale

text: graduate

text: who

text: remained

text: in

text: New

text: Haven

text: to

text: develop

text: the

text: cotton

text: gin

text: and

text: establish

text: a

text: gun

text: manufacturing

text: factory

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: near

text: the

text: Hamden

text: town

text: line

text: That

text: area

text: is

text: still

text: known

text: as

text: Whitneyville

text: and

text: the

text: main

text: road

text: through

text: both

text: towns

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: Whitney

text: Avenue

text: The

text: factory

text: is

text: now

text: the

text: Eli

text: Whitney

text: Museum

text: which

text: has

text: a

text: particular

text: emphasis

text: on

text: activities

text: for

text: children

text: and

text: exhibits

text: pertaining

text: to

text: the

text: A.

text: C.

text: Gilbert

text: Company

text: His

text: factory

text: along

text: with

text: that

text: of

text: Simeon

text: North

text: and

text: the

text: lively

text: clock

text: making

text: and

text: brass

text: hardware

text: sectors

text: contributed

text: to

text: making

text: early

text: Connecticut

text: a

text: powerful

text: manufacturing

text: economy

text: so

text: many

text: arms

text: manufacturers

text: sprang

text: up

text: that

text: the

text: state

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: The

text: Arsenal

text: of

text: America

text: It

text: was

text: in

text: Whitney

text: 's

text: gun

text: manufacturing

text: plant

text: that

text: Samuel

text: Colt

text: invented

text: the

text: automatic

text: revolver

text: in

text: The

text: Farmington

text: Canal

text: created

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: was

text: a

text: short

text: lived

text: transporter

text: of

text: goods

text: into

text: the

text: interior

text: regions

text: of

text: Connecticut

text: and

text: Massachusetts

text: and

text: ran

text: from

text: New

text: Haven

text: to

text: Northampton

text: Massachusetts

question: Who is the Yale graduate, inventor, and arms manufacturer that had a large positive impact on the New Haven economy in the late 18th century?

answer: Eli Whitney

text: Eli Whitney

question: What invention, for which he is primarily known, did Eli Whitney develop in New Haven?

answer: the cotton gin

text: the cotton gin

question: What is the area near Hamden that was renamed for Eli Whitney?

answer: Whitneyville

text: Whitneyville

question: What was the nickname given to Connecticut due to the large number of arms manufacturers that arose in the state?

answer: "The Arsenal of America"

text: "The Arsenal of America"

question: In 1836, who invented the automatic revolver in Eli Whitney's gun manufacturing plant?

answer: Samuel Colt

text: Samuel Colt

question: What is the name of the inventor that created the cotton gin in New Haven?

answer: Eli Whitney

text: Eli Whitney

question: What is the name of the main road that connects New Haven to Hamden?

answer: Whitney Avenue

text: Whitney Avenue

question: What was the company that was responsible Connecticut rise as a manufacturing economy?

answer: A. C. Gilbert

text: A. C. Gilbert

question: The rise of gun factories within Connecticut earn the state what name?

answer: The Arsenal of America

text: The Arsenal of America

question: In what year was the first automatic revolver invented?

answer: 1836


text: However, from 1971 to 1975, NBA teams played preseason exhibitions against American Basketball Association teams. In the early days of the NBA, league clubs sometimes challenged the legendary barnstorming Harlem Globetrotters, with mixed success. The NBA has played preseason games in Europe and Asia. In the 2006 and 2007 seasons, the NBA and the primary European club competition, the Euroleague, conducted a preseason tournament featuring two NBA teams and the finalists from that year's Euroleague.[citation needed] In the 1998-99 and 2011-12 seasons, teams were limited to only two preseason games due to lockouts.

title: Exhibition_game

title: Exhibition_game

text: However

text: from

text: to

text: NBA

text: teams

text: played

text: preseason

text: exhibitions

text: against

text: American

text: Basketball

text: Association

text: teams

text: In

text: the

text: early

text: days

text: of

text: the

text: NBA

text: league

text: clubs

text: sometimes

text: challenged

text: the

text: legendary

text: barnstorming

text: Harlem

text: Globetrotters

text: with

text: mixed

text: success

text: The

text: NBA

text: has

text: played

text: preseason

text: games

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: Asia

text: In

text: the

text: and

text: seasons

text: the

text: NBA

text: and

text: the

text: primary

text: European

text: club

text: competition

text: the

text: Euroleague

text: conducted

text: a

text: preseason

text: tournament

text: featuring

text: two

text: NBA

text: teams

text: and

text: the

text: finalists

text: from

text: that

text: year

text: 's

text: Euroleague.[citation

text: needed

text: In

text: the

text: and

text: seasons

text: teams

text: were

text: limited

text: to

text: only

text: two

text: preseason

text: games

text: due

text: to

text: lockouts

question: When did the NBA play preseason games against the ABA?

answer: 1971 to 1975

text: 1971 to 1975

question: What legendary team did the NBA sometimes formerly play against?

answer: Harlem Globetrotters

text: Harlem Globetrotters

question: On what continents have NBA teams played preseason games outside the US?

answer: Europe and Asia

text: Europe and Asia

question: How many preseason games were NBA teams limited to in the 2011-12 season?

answer: two

text: two

question: What is the main European basketball club?

answer: the Euroleague

text: the Euroleague

question: When did the NBA play postseason games against the ABA?

text: 1971 to 1975

question: What legendary team does the NBA still play against?

text: Harlem Globetrotters

question: What two continents has the NBA never played a preseason gaming?

text: Europe and Asia

question: In what two seasons the teams have unlimited preseason games due to lockouts?

text: 1998-99 and 2011-12

question: What two seasons in the NBA not playing Europe and Asia?

text: 2006 and 2007 seasons


text: On December 13, 2013, Beyoncé unexpectedly released her eponymous fifth studio album on the iTunes Store without any prior announcement or promotion. The album debuted atop the Billboard 200 chart, giving Beyoncé her fifth consecutive number-one album in the US. This made her the first woman in the chart's history to have her first five studio albums debut at number one. Beyoncé received critical acclaim and commercial success, selling one million digital copies worldwide in six days; The New York Times noted the album's unconventional, unexpected release as significant. Musically an electro-R&B album, it concerns darker themes previously unexplored in her work, such as "bulimia, postnatal depression [and] the fears and insecurities of marriage and motherhood". The single "Drunk in Love", featuring Jay Z, peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. In April 2014, after much speculation in the weeks before, Beyoncé and Jay Z officially announced their On the Run Tour. It served as the couple's first co-headlining stadium tour together. On August 24, 2014, she received the Video Vanguard Award at the 2014 MTV Video Music Awards. Knowles also took home three competitive awards: Best Video with a Social Message and Best Cinematography for "Pretty Hurts", as well as best collaboration for "Drunk in Love". In November, Forbes reported that Beyoncé was the top-earning woman in music for the second year in a row—earning $115 million in the year, more than double her earnings in 2013. Beyoncé was reissued with new material in three forms: as an extended play, a box set, as well as a full platinum edition.

title: Beyoncé

title: Beyoncé

text: On

text: December

text: Beyoncé

text: unexpectedly

text: released

text: her

text: eponymous

text: fifth

text: studio

text: album

text: on

text: the

text: iTunes

text: Store

text: without

text: any

text: prior

text: announcement

text: or

text: promotion

text: The

text: album

text: debuted

text: atop

text: the

text: Billboard

text: chart

text: giving

text: Beyoncé

text: her

text: fifth

text: consecutive

text: number

text: one

text: album

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: This

text: made

text: her

text: the

text: first

text: woman

text: in

text: the

text: chart

text: 's

text: history

text: to

text: have

text: her

text: first

text: five

text: studio

text: albums

text: debut

text: at

text: number

text: one

text: Beyoncé

text: received

text: critical

text: acclaim

text: and

text: commercial

text: success

text: selling

text: one

text: million

text: digital

text: copies

text: worldwide

text: in

text: six

text: days

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: Times

text: noted

text: the

text: album

text: 's

text: unconventional

text: unexpected

text: release

text: as

text: significant

text: Musically

text: an

text: electro

text: R&B

text: album

text: it

text: concerns

text: darker

text: themes

text: previously

text: unexplored

text: in

text: her

text: work

text: such

text: as

text: bulimia

text: postnatal

text: depression

text: and

text: the

text: fears

text: and

text: insecurities

text: of

text: marriage

text: and

text: motherhood

text: The

text: single

text: Drunk

text: in

text: Love

text: featuring

text: Jay

text: Z

text: peaked

text: at

text: number

text: two

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: chart

text: In

text: April

text: after

text: much

text: speculation

text: in

text: the

text: weeks

text: before

text: Beyoncé

text: and

text: Jay

text: Z

text: officially

text: announced

text: their

text: On

text: the

text: Run

text: Tour

text: It

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: couple

text: 's

text: first

text: co

text: headlining

text: stadium

text: tour

text: together

text: On

text: August

text: she

text: received

text: the

text: Video

text: Vanguard

text: Award

text: at

text: the

text: MTV

text: Video

text: Music

text: Awards

text: Knowles

text: also

text: took

text: home

text: three

text: competitive

text: awards

text: Best

text: Video

text: with

text: a

text: Social

text: Message

text: and

text: Best

text: Cinematography

text: for

text: Pretty

text: Hurts

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: best

text: collaboration

text: for

text: Drunk

text: in

text: Love

text: In

text: November

text: Forbes

text: reported

text: that

text: Beyoncé

text: was

text: the

text: top

text: earning

text: woman

text: in

text: music

text: for

text: the

text: second

text: year

text: in

text: a

text: row

text: earning

text: million

text: in

text: the

text: year

text: more

text: than

text: double

text: her

text: earnings

text: in

text: Beyoncé

text: was

text: reissued

text: with

text: new

text: material

text: in

text: three

text: forms

text: as

text: an

text: extended

text: play

text: a

text: box

text: set

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: full

text: platinum

text: edition

question: Where did Beyonce release her 5th album to a huge surprise?

answer: the iTunes Store

text: the iTunes Store

question: When did Beyonce get her fifth consecutive number one hit album?

answer: December 13, 2013

text: December 13, 2013

question: Where was the album released?

answer: the iTunes Store

text: the iTunes Store

question: Who joined Beyonce on her On The Run Tour?

answer: Jay Z

text: Jay Z

question: Who reported Beyonce to e the top earning woman in music?

answer: Forbes

text: Forbes

question: How much more were her earnings that the year before?

answer: more than double her earnings

text: more than double her earnings

question: When did Beyoncé release her fifth studio album?

answer: December 13, 2013

text: December 13, 2013

question: How many digital copies of her fifth album did Beyoncé sell in six days?

answer: one million

text: one million

question: What song on Beyoncé's fifth studio album featured her husband?

answer: Drunk in Love

text: Drunk in Love

question: What was the name of the tour featuring both Beyoncé and Jay Z?

answer: On the Run Tour.

text: On the Run Tour.


text: New sequencing technologies, such as massive parallel sequencing have also opened up the prospect of personal genome sequencing as a diagnostic tool, as pioneered by Manteia Predictive Medicine. A major step toward that goal was the completion in 2007 of the full genome of James D. Watson, one of the co-discoverers of the structure of DNA.

title: Genome

title: Genome

text: New

text: sequencing

text: technologies

text: such

text: as

text: massive

text: parallel

text: sequencing

text: have

text: also

text: opened

text: up

text: the

text: prospect

text: of

text: personal

text: genome

text: sequencing

text: as

text: a

text: diagnostic

text: tool

text: as

text: pioneered

text: by

text: Manteia

text: Predictive

text: Medicine

text: A

text: major

text: step

text: toward

text: that

text: goal

text: was

text: the

text: completion

text: in

text: of

text: the

text: full

text: genome

text: of

text: James

text: D.

text: Watson

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: co

text: discoverers

text: of

text: the

text: structure

text: of

text: DNA

question: What is a recent development in sequencing methods?

answer: massive parallel sequencing

text: massive parallel sequencing

question: Which company has led the way in sequencing of individual genetic makeup?

answer: Manteia Predictive Medicine

text: Manteia Predictive Medicine

question: Whose complete genetic information was recorded in 2007?

answer: James D. Watson

text: James D. Watson

question: What is Watson famous for helping discover?

answer: the structure of DNA

text: the structure of DNA

question: What is Manteia Predictive Medicine famous for discovering?

text: the structure of DNA

question: What technology did James D. Watson develop to sequence individual DNA?

text: massive parallel sequencing

question: What has James D. Watson recently develop that may lead to personal genome sequencing?

text: New sequencing technologies

question: What did Manteia Predictive Medicine help discover the structure of in 2007?

text: DNA

question: Who pioneered using the DNA structure as a diagnostic tool?

text: Manteia Predictive Medicine


text: Grande Saline Bay provides temporary anchorage for small vessels while Colombier Bay, to the northwest, has a 4 fathoms patch near mid entrance. In the bight of St. Jean Bay there is a narrow cut through the reef. The north and east sides of the island are fringed, to a short distance from the shore, by a visible coral reef. Reefs are mostly in shallow waters and are clearly visible. The coastal areas abound with beaches and many of these have offshore reefs, some of which are part of a marine reserve.

title: Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy

title: Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy

text: Grande

text: Saline

text: Bay

text: provides

text: temporary

text: anchorage

text: for

text: small

text: vessels

text: while

text: Colombier

text: Bay

text: to

text: the

text: northwest

text: has

text: a

text: fathoms

text: patch

text: near

text: mid

text: entrance

text: In

text: the

text: bight

text: of

text: St.

text: Jean

text: Bay

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: narrow

text: cut

text: through

text: the

text: reef

text: The

text: north

text: and

text: east

text: sides

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: are

text: fringed

text: to

text: a

text: short

text: distance

text: from

text: the

text: shore

text: by

text: a

text: visible

text: coral

text: reef

text: Reefs

text: are

text: mostly

text: in

text: shallow

text: waters

text: and

text: are

text: clearly

text: visible

text: The

text: coastal

text: areas

text: abound

text: with

text: beaches

text: and

text: many

text: of

text: these

text: have

text: offshore

text: reefs

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: marine

text: reserve

question: What is the name of the deepest bay at St Barts?

answer: Colombier Bay

text: Colombier Bay

question: Grande Saline Bay provides docking for what kind of boats?

answer: small

text: small

question: The North and East sides of St. Barts are fringed by what?

answer: visible coral reef

text: visible coral reef

question: Reefs are almost always in what type of water?

answer: shallow

text: shallow

question: Some of the offshore reefs of St. Barts are part of what?

answer: a marine reserve

text: a marine reserve

question: How deep is Grande Saline Bay?

text: 4 fathoms

question: How deep is St. Jean Bay?

text: 4 fathoms

question: How deep do most of the coral reefs lie?

text: 4 fathoms

question: In what direction does St. Jean Bay lie from Colombier Bay?

text: northwest

question: In what direction does Grande Saline Bay lie from St. Jean Bay?

text: east


text: Comparison of a back-translation with the original text is sometimes used as a check on the accuracy of the original translation, much as the accuracy of a mathematical operation is sometimes checked by reversing the operation. But the results of such reverse-translation operations, while useful as approximate checks, are not always precisely reliable. Back-translation must in general be less accurate than back-calculation because linguistic symbols (words) are often ambiguous, whereas mathematical symbols are intentionally unequivocal.

title: Translation

title: Translation

text: Comparison

text: of

text: a

text: back

text: translation

text: with

text: the

text: original

text: text

text: is

text: sometimes

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: check

text: on

text: the

text: accuracy

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: translation

text: much

text: as

text: the

text: accuracy

text: of

text: a

text: mathematical

text: operation

text: is

text: sometimes

text: checked

text: by

text: reversing

text: the

text: operation

text: But

text: the

text: results

text: of

text: such

text: reverse

text: translation

text: operations

text: while

text: useful

text: as

text: approximate

text: checks

text: are

text: not

text: always

text: precisely

text: reliable

text: Back

text: translation

text: must

text: in

text: general

text: be

text: less

text: accurate

text: than

text: back

text: calculation

text: because

text: linguistic

text: symbols

text: words

text: are

text: often

text: ambiguous

text: whereas

text: mathematical

text: symbols

text: are

text: intentionally

text: unequivocal

question: What is sometimes used to check the accuracy of a translation?

answer: Comparison of a back-translation with the original text

text: Comparison of a back-translation with the original text

question: How are mathematical operations checked?

answer: by reversing the operation

text: by reversing the operation

question: What operations are results from not always completely reliable?

answer: reverse-translation operations

text: reverse-translation operations

question: What symbol set has a defining property of ambiguity?

answer: linguistic

text: linguistic

question: What symbol set has the property of being intentionally unequivocal?

answer: mathematical

text: mathematical

question: What is no longer used to check the accuracy of a translation?

question: How are mathematical operations ignored?

text: by reversing the operation

question: What operations are always reliable?

text: reverse-translation operations

question: What symbol set has no defining property of ambiguity?

text: linguistic

question: What symbol set has the property of being unintentionally unequivocal?

text: mathematical


text: In May 2008 printing of The Times switched from Wapping to new plants at Broxbourne on the outskirts of London, and Merseyside and Glasgow, enabling the paper to be produced with full colour on every page for the first time.

title: The_Times

title: The_Times

text: In

text: May

text: printing

text: of

text: The

text: Times

text: switched

text: from

text: Wapping

text: to

text: new

text: plants

text: at

text: Broxbourne

text: on

text: the

text: outskirts

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: Merseyside

text: and

text: Glasgow

text: enabling

text: the

text: paper

text: to

text: be

text: produced

text: with

text: full

text: colour

text: on

text: every

text: page

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

question: In May 2008, The Times switched from what plant to new plants in Broxbourne, Merseyside, and Glasgow?

answer: Wapping

text: Wapping

question: In 2008, The Times switched to a new plant in Broxbourne, which is on the outskirts of what city?

answer: London

text: London

question: In May 2008, The Times switched to new plants which allowed for what kind of feature to be printed on every page for the first time?

answer: full colour

text: full colour


text: Most breeds of dog are at most a few hundred years old, having been artificially selected for particular morphologies and behaviors by people for specific functional roles. Through this selective breeding, the dog has developed into hundreds of varied breeds, and shows more behavioral and morphological variation than any other land mammal. For example, height measured to the withers ranges from 15.2 centimetres (6.0 in) in the Chihuahua to about 76 cm (30 in) in the Irish Wolfhound; color varies from white through grays (usually called "blue") to black, and browns from light (tan) to dark ("red" or "chocolate") in a wide variation of patterns; coats can be short or long, coarse-haired to wool-like, straight, curly, or smooth. It is common for most breeds to shed this coat.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: Most

text: breeds

text: of

text: dog

text: are

text: at

text: most

text: a

text: few

text: hundred

text: years

text: old

text: having

text: been

text: artificially

text: selected

text: for

text: particular

text: morphologies

text: and

text: behaviors

text: by

text: people

text: for

text: specific

text: functional

text: roles

text: Through

text: this

text: selective

text: breeding

text: the

text: dog

text: has

text: developed

text: into

text: hundreds

text: of

text: varied

text: breeds

text: and

text: shows

text: more

text: behavioral

text: and

text: morphological

text: variation

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: land

text: mammal

text: For

text: example

text: height

text: measured

text: to

text: the

text: withers

text: ranges

text: from

text: centimetres

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: Chihuahua

text: to

text: about

text: cm

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: Irish

text: Wolfhound

text: color

text: varies

text: from

text: white

text: through

text: grays

text: usually

text: called

text: blue

text: to

text: black

text: and

text: browns

text: from

text: light

text: tan

text: to

text: dark

text: red

text: or

text: chocolate

text: in

text: a

text: wide

text: variation

text: of

text: patterns

text: coats

text: can

text: be

text: short

text: or

text: long

text: coarse

text: haired

text: to

text: wool

text: like

text: straight

text: curly

text: or

text: smooth

text: It

text: is

text: common

text: for

text: most

text: breeds

text: to

text: shed

text: this

text: coat

question: The majority of dog breeds have only been around for how long?

answer: a few hundred years

text: a few hundred years

question: People selected dogs they wanted based on what two things?

answer: particular morphologies and behaviors

text: particular morphologies and behaviors

question: Hundreds of different dog breeds exist because of what?

answer: selective breeding

text: selective breeding

question: Height measurements in dogs go from six inches for Chihuahuas to 30 inches in what breed?

answer: Irish Wolfhound

text: Irish Wolfhound

question: How old are most dog breeds?

answer: a few hundred years old

text: a few hundred years old

question: How many different breeds are there?

answer: hundreds

text: hundreds

question: Gray color is often called what when referring to dogs?

answer: blue

text: blue


text: The Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA; 16 U.S.C. § 1531 et seq.) is one of the few dozens of United States environmental laws passed in the 1970s, and serves as the enacting legislation to carry out the provisions outlined in The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). The ESA was signed into law by President Richard Nixon on December 28, 1973, it was designed to protect critically imperiled species from extinction as a "consequence of economic growth and development untempered by adequate concern and conservation." The U.S. Supreme Court found that "the plain intent of Congress in enacting" the ESA "was to halt and reverse the trend toward species extinction, whatever the cost." The Act is administered by two federal agencies, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).

title: Endangered_Species_Act

title: Endangered_Species_Act

text: The

text: Endangered

text: Species

text: Act

text: of

text: ESA

text: U.S.C.

text: et

text: seq

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: few

text: dozens

text: of

text: United

text: States

text: environmental

text: laws

text: passed

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: enacting

text: legislation

text: to

text: carry

text: out

text: the

text: provisions

text: outlined

text: in

text: The

text: Convention

text: on

text: International

text: Trade

text: in

text: Endangered

text: Species

text: of

text: Wild

text: Fauna

text: and

text: Flora

text: CITES

text: The

text: ESA

text: was

text: signed

text: into

text: law

text: by

text: President

text: Richard

text: Nixon

text: on

text: December

text: it

text: was

text: designed

text: to

text: protect

text: critically

text: imperiled

text: species

text: from

text: extinction

text: as

text: a

text: consequence

text: of

text: economic

text: growth

text: and

text: development

text: untempered

text: by

text: adequate

text: concern

text: and

text: conservation

text: The

text: U.S.

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: found

text: that

text: the

text: plain

text: intent

text: of

text: Congress

text: in

text: enacting

text: the

text: ESA

text: was

text: to

text: halt

text: and

text: reverse

text: the

text: trend

text: toward

text: species

text: extinction

text: whatever

text: the

text: cost

text: The

text: Act

text: is

text: administered

text: by

text: two

text: federal

text: agencies

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Fish

text: and

text: Wildlife

text: Service

text: FWS

text: and

text: the

text: National

text: Oceanic

text: and

text: Atmospheric

text: Administration

text: NOAA

question: In what year did the Endangered Species Act become law?

answer: 1973

question: Which president signed the Act into law?

answer: Richard Nixon

text: Richard Nixon

question: Which two federal agencies administer the Act?

answer: the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

text: the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

question: On what day was the Endangered Species Act signed?

answer: December 28

text: December 28

question: What did the Supreme Court cite as the intent of Congress in enacting the Endangered Species Act?

answer: to halt and reverse the trend toward species extinction, whatever the cost

text: to halt and reverse the trend toward species extinction, whatever the cost

question: When was CITES created?

question: What did the Supreme Court sign into law in the 1970s?

text: The Endangered Species Act

question: Who is the President of the FWS?

text: Richard Nixon

question: What day did the Supreme Court rule on ESA?

text: December 28

question: Who ruled on which agencies would administer the act?

text: The U.S. Supreme Court


text: In Britain, Willett's 1907 proposal used the term daylight saving, but by 1911 the term summer time replaced daylight saving time in draft legislation. Continental Europe uses similar phrases, such as Sommerzeit in Germany, zomertijd in Dutch-speaking regions, kesäaika in Finland, horario de verano or hora de verano in Spain and heure d'été in France, whereas in Italy the term is ora legale, that is, legal time (legally enforced time) as opposed to "ora solare", solar time, in winter.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: In

text: Britain

text: Willett

text: 's

text: proposal

text: used

text: the

text: term

text: daylight

text: saving

text: but

text: by

text: the

text: term

text: summer

text: time

text: replaced

text: daylight

text: saving

text: time

text: in

text: draft

text: legislation

text: Continental

text: Europe

text: uses

text: similar

text: phrases

text: such

text: as

text: Sommerzeit

text: in

text: Germany

text: zomertijd

text: in

text: Dutch

text: speaking

text: regions

text: kesäaika

text: in

text: Finland

text: horario

text: de

text: verano

text: or

text: hora

text: de

text: verano

text: in

text: Spain

text: and

text: heure

text: d'été

text: in

text: France

text: whereas

text: in

text: Italy

text: the

text: term

text: is

text: ora

text: legale

text: that

text: is

text: legal

text: time

text: legally

text: enforced

text: time

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: ora

text: solare

text: solar

text: time

text: in

text: winter

question: Which term did Willett use in his 1907 proposal to refer to DST?

answer: daylight saving

text: daylight saving

question: What phrase had replaced daylight saving time by 1911 as Willett's proposal evolved into draft legislation?

answer: summer time

text: summer time

question: What word do speakers of Dutch use for DST?

answer: zomertijd

text: zomertijd

question: What term do Italians use for DST that literally translates as "legal time"?

answer: ora legale

text: ora legale

question: What does the Italian term for their winter time, ora solare, translate to in English?

answer: solar time

text: solar time


text: A cappella music was originally used in religious music, especially church music as well as anasheed and zemirot. Gregorian chant is an example of a cappella singing, as is the majority of secular vocal music from the Renaissance. The madrigal, up until its development in the early Baroque into an instrumentally-accompanied form, is also usually in a cappella form. Jewish and Christian music were originally a cappella,[citation needed] and this practice has continued in both of these religions as well as in Islam.

title: A_cappella

title: A_cappella

text: A

text: cappella

text: music

text: was

text: originally

text: used

text: in

text: religious

text: music

text: especially

text: church

text: music

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: anasheed

text: and

text: zemirot

text: Gregorian

text: chant

text: is

text: an

text: example

text: of

text: a

text: cappella

text: singing

text: as

text: is

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: secular

text: vocal

text: music

text: from

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: The

text: madrigal

text: up

text: until

text: its

text: development

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: Baroque

text: into

text: an

text: instrumentally

text: accompanied

text: form

text: is

text: also

text: usually

text: in

text: a

text: cappella

text: form

text: Jewish

text: and

text: Christian

text: music

text: were

text: originally

text: a

text: cappella,[citation

text: needed

text: and

text: this

text: practice

text: has

text: continued

text: in

text: both

text: of

text: these

text: religions

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: in

text: Islam

question: What form of music was A cappella predominately used for in its early years?

answer: religious music

text: religious music

question: What was considered part of A cappella until the Baroque period?

answer: The madrigal

text: The madrigal

question: The madrigal became what type of form that prevented it from being accompanied with A cappella?

answer: instrumentally-accompanied

text: instrumentally-accompanied

question: In what era was most of the vocal music considered A cappella?

answer: Renaissance

text: Renaissance

question: What was originally used in Renaissance secular vocal music?

text: A cappella

question: What was considered part of a cappella following the Baroque period?

text: madrigal

question: What religions later incoperated a cappella into their traditions?

text: Jewish and Christian

question: uring what period was a cappella losinging popularity as religious music?

text: Renaissance

question: How was Islamic music originally used?

text: in religious music

question: What other type of music was considered A capella from the madrigal?

text: the majority of secular vocal music

question: What was considered a form of A capella until the Jewish period?

text: The madrigal

question: What is an example of instrumentally accompanied singing?

text: Gregorian chant

question: In what practice what most of the vocal music A capella?

text: the Renaissance


text: In 1963, Ralph J. Roberts in conjunction with his two business partners, Daniel Aaron and Julian A. Brodsky, purchased American Cable Systems as a corporate spin-off from its parent, Jerrold Electronics, for US $500,000. At the time, American Cable was a small cable operator in Tupelo, Mississippi, with five channels and 12,000 customers. Storecast Corporation of America, a product placement supermarket specialist marketing firm, was purchased by American Cable in 1965. With Storecast being a Muzak client, American Cable purchased its first Muzak franchise of many in Orlando, Florida.

title: Comcast

title: Comcast

text: In

text: Ralph

text: J.

text: Roberts

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: his

text: two

text: business

text: partners

text: Daniel

text: Aaron

text: and

text: Julian

text: A.

text: Brodsky

text: purchased

text: American

text: Cable

text: Systems

text: as

text: a

text: corporate

text: spin

text: off

text: from

text: its

text: parent

text: Jerrold

text: Electronics

text: for

text: US

text: At

text: the

text: time

text: American

text: Cable

text: was

text: a

text: small

text: cable

text: operator

text: in

text: Tupelo

text: Mississippi

text: with

text: five

text: channels

text: and

text: customers

text: Storecast

text: Corporation

text: of

text: America

text: a

text: product

text: placement

text: supermarket

text: specialist

text: marketing

text: firm

text: was

text: purchased

text: by

text: American

text: Cable

text: in

text: With

text: Storecast

text: being

text: a

text: Muzak

text: client

text: American

text: Cable

text: purchased

text: its

text: first

text: Muzak

text: franchise

text: of

text: many

text: in

text: Orlando

text: Florida

question: When did Ralph Roberts get into the cable TV business?

answer: 1963

question: Who were Roberts' business partners in this purchase?

answer: Daniel Aaron and Julian A. Brodsky

text: Daniel Aaron and Julian A. Brodsky

question: What company did this partnership purchase?

answer: American Cable Systems

text: American Cable Systems

question: What city did American Cable Systems do business in?

answer: Tupelo, Mississippi

text: Tupelo, Mississippi

question: How many customers did ACS have when Roberts and his partners purchased it?

answer: 12,000

question: How much was Jerrold Electronics?

text: US $500,000

question: Which two partners owned Jerrold Electronics?

text: Daniel Aaron and Julian A. Brodsky

question: How many customers did Storecast Corporation of America have in 1963?

question: What did Ralph J. Roberts sell in 1963?

text: American Cable Systems

question: American Cable Systems was the parent company of what spin-off?

text: Jerrold Electronics


text: Some linguists restrict the double-dot subscript ⟨◌̤⟩ to murmured sonorants, such as vowels and nasals, which are murmured throughout their duration, and use the superscript hook-aitch ⟨◌ʱ⟩ for the breathy-voiced release of obstruents.

title: Aspirated_consonant

title: Aspirated_consonant

text: Some

text: linguists

text: restrict

text: the

text: double

text: dot

text: subscript

text: to

text: murmured

text: sonorants

text: such

text: as

text: vowels

text: and

text: nasals

text: which

text: are

text: murmured

text: throughout

text: their

text: duration

text: and

text: use

text: the

text: superscript

text: hook

text: aitch

text: ʱ⟩

text: for

text: the

text: breathy

text: voiced

text: release

text: of

text: obstruents

question: What do some linguists restrict the double-dot subscript ⟨◌̤⟩ to?

answer: murmured sonorants

text: murmured sonorants

question: What are, according to the text, murmured for their duration?

answer: vowels and nasals

text: vowels and nasals

question: What uses the ⟨◌ʱ⟩?

answer: breathy-voiced release of obstruents.

text: breathy-voiced release of obstruents.

question: Some linguists restrict what to loud sonorants?

text: the double-dot subscript ⟨◌̤⟩

question: What are murmured thought part of their duration?

question: What represents the double-dot hook-aitch?

text: ⟨◌ʱ⟩

question: What is used for the loud-voiced release of obstruents?

text: the superscript hook-aitch

question: All linguists restrict the double-dot subscript to what?

text: murmured sonorants