text: Meanwhile, Le Verrier by letter urged Berlin Observatory astronomer Johann Gottfried Galle to search with the observatory's refractor. Heinrich d'Arrest, a student at the observatory, suggested to Galle that they could compare a recently drawn chart of the sky in the region of Le Verrier's predicted location with the current sky to seek the displacement characteristic of a planet, as opposed to a fixed star. On the evening of 23 September 1846, the day Galle received the letter, he discovered Neptune within 1° of where Le Verrier had predicted it to be, about 12° from Adams' prediction. Challis later realised that he had observed the planet twice, on 4 and 12 August, but did not recognise it as a planet because he lacked an up-to-date star map and was distracted by his concurrent work on comet observations.

title: Neptune

title: Neptune

text: Meanwhile

text: Le

text: Verrier

text: by

text: letter

text: urged

text: Berlin

text: Observatory

text: astronomer

text: Johann

text: Gottfried

text: Galle

text: to

text: search

text: with

text: the

text: observatory

text: 's

text: refractor

text: Heinrich

text: d'Arrest

text: a

text: student

text: at

text: the

text: observatory

text: suggested

text: to

text: Galle

text: that

text: they

text: could

text: compare

text: a

text: recently

text: drawn

text: chart

text: of

text: the

text: sky

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Le

text: Verrier

text: 's

text: predicted

text: location

text: with

text: the

text: current

text: sky

text: to

text: seek

text: the

text: displacement

text: characteristic

text: of

text: a

text: planet

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: a

text: fixed

text: star

text: On

text: the

text: evening

text: of

text: September

text: the

text: day

text: Galle

text: received

text: the

text: letter

text: he

text: discovered

text: Neptune

text: within

text: of

text: where

text: Le

text: Verrier

text: had

text: predicted

text: it

text: to

text: be

text: about

text: from

text: Adams

text: prediction

text: Challis

text: later

text: realised

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: observed

text: the

text: planet

text: twice

text: on

text: and

text: August

text: but

text: did

text: not

text: recognise

text: it

text: as

text: a

text: planet

text: because

text: he

text: lacked

text: an

text: up

text: to

text: date

text: star

text: map

text: and

text: was

text: distracted

text: by

text: his

text: concurrent

text: work

text: on

text: comet

text: observations

question: Who was Henrich d'Arrest?

answer: student at the observatory

text: student at the observatory

question: What did Henrich d'Arrest seek to find?

answer: the displacement characteristic of a planet

text: the displacement characteristic of a planet

question: When did Galle discover Neptune?

answer: 23 September 1846

text: 23 September 1846

question: How many degrees off was Adams' prediction?

answer: 12°

question: What was Challis looking for when he saw Neptune the first two times?

answer: comet observations

text: comet observations

question: Who urged Le Verrier to search with the observatory refractor?

text: Johann Gottfried Galle

question: What did Galle suggest to Heinrich d'Arrest?

question: Who discovered Nepptune in the 18th century?

text: Galle

question: What was within 10 degrees of where Le Verrier predicted it would be?

text: Neptune

question: When was Le Verrier born?

text: 23 September 1846

question: When did Le Verrier die?

text: 23 September 1846

question: What didn't Henrich d'Arrest seek to find?

text: displacement characteristic of a planet

question: What was 15 degrees away?

text: Adams' prediction

question: What was Challis looking for when he saw Uranus the first two times?

text: comet observations


text: As of 2010[update], Seattle has one major daily newspaper, The Seattle Times. The Seattle Post-Intelligencer, known as the P-I, published a daily newspaper from 1863 to March 17, 2009, before switching to a strictly on-line publication. There is also the Seattle Daily Journal of Commerce, and the University of Washington publishes The Daily, a student-run publication, when school is in session. The most prominent weeklies are the Seattle Weekly and The Stranger; both consider themselves "alternative" papers. The weekly LGBT newspaper is the Seattle Gay News. Real Change is a weekly street newspaper that is sold mainly by homeless persons as an alternative to panhandling. There are also several ethnic newspapers, including the The Facts, Northwest Asian Weekly and the International Examiner, and numerous neighborhood newspapers.

title: Seattle

title: Seattle

text: As

text: of

text: Seattle

text: has

text: one

text: major

text: daily

text: newspaper

text: The

text: Seattle

text: Times

text: The

text: Seattle

text: Post

text: Intelligencer

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: P

text: I

text: published

text: a

text: daily

text: newspaper

text: from

text: to

text: March

text: before

text: switching

text: to

text: a

text: strictly

text: on

text: line

text: publication

text: There

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: Seattle

text: Daily

text: Journal

text: of

text: Commerce

text: and

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Washington

text: publishes

text: The

text: Daily

text: a

text: student

text: run

text: publication

text: when

text: school

text: is

text: in

text: session

text: The

text: most

text: prominent

text: weeklies

text: are

text: the

text: Seattle

text: Weekly

text: and

text: The

text: Stranger

text: both

text: consider

text: themselves

text: alternative

text: papers

text: The

text: weekly

text: LGBT

text: newspaper

text: is

text: the

text: Seattle

text: Gay

text: News

text: Real

text: Change

text: is

text: a

text: weekly

text: street

text: newspaper

text: that

text: is

text: sold

text: mainly

text: by

text: homeless

text: persons

text: as

text: an

text: alternative

text: to

text: panhandling

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: several

text: ethnic

text: newspapers

text: including

text: the

text: The

text: Facts

text: Northwest

text: Asian

text: Weekly

text: and

text: the

text: International

text: Examiner

text: and

text: numerous

text: neighborhood

text: newspapers

question: What is the Seattle newspaper as of 2010?

answer: The Seattle Times

text: The Seattle Times

question: In what venue does the Seattle Post-Intelligencer publish?

answer: on-line

text: on-line

question: In what year did the Seattle Post-Intelligencer  first publish?

answer: 1863

question: What is the LGBT newspaper called?

answer: Seattle Gay News

text: Seattle Gay News

question: Who sells the newspaper Real Change on the street?

answer: homeless persons

text: homeless persons


text: They are unaspirated for almost all speakers when immediately following word-initial s, as in spill, still, skill. After an s elsewhere in a word they are normally unaspirated as well, except sometimes in compound words. When the consonants in a cluster like st are analyzed as belonging to different morphemes (heteromorphemic) the stop is aspirated, but when they are analyzed as belonging to one morpheme the stop is unaspirated.[citation needed] For instance, distend has unaspirated [t] since it is not analyzed as two morphemes, but distaste has an aspirated middle [tʰ] because it is analyzed as dis- + taste and the word taste has an aspirated initial t.

title: Aspirated_consonant

title: Aspirated_consonant

text: They

text: are

text: unaspirated

text: for

text: almost

text: all

text: speakers

text: when

text: immediately

text: following

text: word

text: initial

text: s

text: as

text: in

text: spill

text: still

text: skill

text: After

text: an

text: s

text: elsewhere

text: in

text: a

text: word

text: they

text: are

text: normally

text: unaspirated

text: as

text: well

text: except

text: sometimes

text: in

text: compound

text: words

text: When

text: the

text: consonants

text: in

text: a

text: cluster

text: like

text: st

text: are

text: analyzed

text: as

text: belonging

text: to

text: different

text: morphemes

text: heteromorphemic

text: the

text: stop

text: is

text: aspirated

text: but

text: when

text: they

text: are

text: analyzed

text: as

text: belonging

text: to

text: one

text: morpheme

text: the

text: stop

text: is

text: unaspirated.[citation

text: needed

text: For

text: instance

text: distend

text: has

text: unaspirated

text: t

text: since

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: analyzed

text: as

text: two

text: morphemes

text: but

text: distaste

text: has

text: an

text: aspirated

text: middle

text: tʰ

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: analyzed

text: as

text: dis-

text: taste

text: and

text: the

text: word

text: taste

text: has

text: an

text: aspirated

text: initial

text: t.

question: When following a word such as spill, they are what for most speakers?

answer: unaspirated

text: unaspirated

question: If the letter s is a different place in the word, it is typical unaspirated unless the word is what?

answer: compound words

text: compound words

question: If there is a cluster such as st and it belongs to different morphemes, the stop is what?

answer: aspirated

text: aspirated

question: If the st belongs to one morpheme, then the stop is what?

answer: unaspirated

text: unaspirated

question: What is unaspirated since it is not analyzed as three morphemes?

text: distend

question: What word-initial is aspirated for almost all speakers?

text: s

question: When is the consonant unaspirated?

question: Distaste has an unaspirated middle why?

question: After a k elsewhere in a word they are normally what?

text: unaspirated


text: Videoconferencing provides students with the opportunity to learn by participating in two-way communication forums. Furthermore, teachers and lecturers worldwide can be brought to remote or otherwise isolated educational facilities. Students from diverse communities and backgrounds can come together to learn about one another, although language barriers will continue to persist. Such students are able to explore, communicate, analyze and share information and ideas with one another. Through videoconferencing, students can visit other parts of the world to speak with their peers, and visit museums and educational facilities. Such virtual field trips can provide enriched learning opportunities to students, especially those in geographically isolated locations, and to the economically disadvantaged. Small schools can use these technologies to pool resources and provide courses, such as in foreign languages, which could not otherwise be offered.

title: Videoconferencing

title: Videoconferencing

text: Videoconferencing

text: provides

text: students

text: with

text: the

text: opportunity

text: to

text: learn

text: by

text: participating

text: in

text: two

text: way

text: communication

text: forums

text: Furthermore

text: teachers

text: and

text: lecturers

text: worldwide

text: can

text: be

text: brought

text: to

text: remote

text: or

text: otherwise

text: isolated

text: educational

text: facilities

text: Students

text: from

text: diverse

text: communities

text: and

text: backgrounds

text: can

text: come

text: together

text: to

text: learn

text: about

text: one

text: another

text: although

text: language

text: barriers

text: will

text: continue

text: to

text: persist

text: Such

text: students

text: are

text: able

text: to

text: explore

text: communicate

text: analyze

text: and

text: share

text: information

text: and

text: ideas

text: with

text: one

text: another

text: Through

text: videoconferencing

text: students

text: can

text: visit

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: to

text: speak

text: with

text: their

text: peers

text: and

text: visit

text: museums

text: and

text: educational

text: facilities

text: Such

text: virtual

text: field

text: trips

text: can

text: provide

text: enriched

text: learning

text: opportunities

text: to

text: students

text: especially

text: those

text: in

text: geographically

text: isolated

text: locations

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: economically

text: disadvantaged

text: Small

text: schools

text: can

text: use

text: these

text: technologies

text: to

text: pool

text: resources

text: and

text: provide

text: courses

text: such

text: as

text: in

text: foreign

text: languages

text: which

text: could

text: not

text: otherwise

text: be

text: offered

question: What can videoconferencing offer students?

answer: participating in two-way communication forums

text: participating in two-way communication forums

question: Who can benefit from two-way communication forums?

answer: students

text: students

question: What is a major barrier to videoconferencing between some communities?

answer: language

text: language

question: What is one example of how students can benefit from videoconferencing?

answer: virtual field trips

text: virtual field trips

question: What is one experience that students using videoconferencing can achieve?

answer: visit museums

text: visit museums

question: What do geographically isolated areas provide to students?

question: Who can  be brought to small schools to help students learn?

text: teachers and lecturers worldwide

question: What will persist when teachers and lecturers are brought together?

text: language barriers

question: What can students do through geographically isolated locations

question: Who can learn from foreign language forums?

text: students


text: Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform and user interface to improve its user experience on tablets, where Windows was now competing with mobile operating systems, including Android and iOS. In particular, these changes included a touch-optimized Windows shell based on Microsoft's "Metro" design language, the Start screen (which displays programs and dynamically updated content on a grid of tiles), a new platform for developing apps with an emphasis on touchscreen input, integration with online services (including the ability to sync apps and settings between devices), and Windows Store, an online store for downloading and purchasing new software. Windows 8 added support for USB 3.0, Advanced Format hard drives, near field communications, and cloud computing. Additional security features were introduced, such as built-in antivirus software, integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service and support for UEFI Secure Boot on supported devices with UEFI firmware, to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: Windows

text: introduced

text: major

text: changes

text: to

text: the

text: operating

text: system

text: 's

text: platform

text: and

text: user

text: interface

text: to

text: improve

text: its

text: user

text: experience

text: on

text: tablets

text: where

text: Windows

text: was

text: now

text: competing

text: with

text: mobile

text: operating

text: systems

text: including

text: Android

text: and

text: iOS

text: In

text: particular

text: these

text: changes

text: included

text: a

text: touch

text: optimized

text: Windows

text: shell

text: based

text: on

text: Microsoft

text: 's

text: Metro

text: design

text: language

text: the

text: Start

text: screen

text: which

text: displays

text: programs

text: and

text: dynamically

text: updated

text: content

text: on

text: a

text: grid

text: of

text: tiles

text: a

text: new

text: platform

text: for

text: developing

text: apps

text: with

text: an

text: emphasis

text: on

text: touchscreen

text: input

text: integration

text: with

text: online

text: services

text: including

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: sync

text: apps

text: and

text: settings

text: between

text: devices

text: and

text: Windows

text: Store

text: an

text: online

text: store

text: for

text: downloading

text: and

text: purchasing

text: new

text: software

text: Windows

text: added

text: support

text: for

text: USB

text: Advanced

text: Format

text: hard

text: drives

text: near

text: field

text: communications

text: and

text: cloud

text: computing

text: Additional

text: security

text: features

text: were

text: introduced

text: such

text: as

text: built

text: in

text: antivirus

text: software

text: integration

text: with

text: Microsoft

text: SmartScreen

text: phishing

text: filtering

text: service

text: and

text: support

text: for

text: UEFI

text: Secure

text: Boot

text: on

text: supported

text: devices

text: with

text: UEFI

text: firmware

text: to

text: prevent

text: malware

text: from

text: infecting

text: the

text: boot

text: process

question: Who are Windows main operating system competitors?

answer: Android and iOS

text: Android and iOS

question: What new security features does Windows 8 have?

answer: built-in antivirus software, integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service and support for UEFI Secure Boot

text: built-in antivirus software, integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service and support for UEFI Secure Boot

question: What USB version is Windows 8 compatible with?

answer: 3.0

question: What can be found on the Start screen?

answer: displays programs and dynamically updated content on a grid of tiles

text: displays programs and dynamically updated content on a grid of tiles

question: What services does the Windows Store provide?

answer: an online store for downloading and purchasing new software

text: an online store for downloading and purchasing new software

question: Who are Windows lesser operating system competitors?

text: Android and iOS

question: What new security features does Windows 9 have?

question: What can be found on the End screen?

question: What USB version is Windows 9 compatible with?

text: USB 3.0

question: What services doesn't the Windows Store provide?


text: Most web browsers can display a list of web pages that the user has bookmarked so that the user can quickly return to them. Bookmarks are also called "Favorites" in Internet Explorer. In addition, all major web browsers have some form of built-in web feed aggregator. In Firefox, web feeds are formatted as "live bookmarks" and behave like a folder of bookmarks corresponding to recent entries in the feed. In Opera, a more traditional feed reader is included which stores and displays the contents of the feed.

title: Web_browser

title: Web_browser

text: Most

text: web

text: browsers

text: can

text: display

text: a

text: list

text: of

text: web

text: pages

text: that

text: the

text: user

text: has

text: bookmarked

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: user

text: can

text: quickly

text: return

text: to

text: them

text: Bookmarks

text: are

text: also

text: called

text: Favorites

text: in

text: Internet

text: Explorer

text: In

text: addition

text: all

text: major

text: web

text: browsers

text: have

text: some

text: form

text: of

text: built

text: in

text: web

text: feed

text: aggregator

text: In

text: Firefox

text: web

text: feeds

text: are

text: formatted

text: as

text: live

text: bookmarks

text: and

text: behave

text: like

text: a

text: folder

text: of

text: bookmarks

text: corresponding

text: to

text: recent

text: entries

text: in

text: the

text: feed

text: In

text: Opera

text: a

text: more

text: traditional

text: feed

text: reader

text: is

text: included

text: which

text: stores

text: and

text: displays

text: the

text: contents

text: of

text: the

text: feed

question: A list of websites a user can click to get back to easy have been what by the user?

answer: bookmarked

text: bookmarked

question: What are "bookmarks" called in Internet Explorer?

answer: Favorites

text: Favorites

question: The top browsers have a built-in what?

answer: feed aggregator

text: feed aggregator

question: Firefox does web feeds as what?

answer: live bookmarks

text: live bookmarks

question: The Opera feed reader is more what?

answer: traditional

text: traditional

question: What are live bookmarks called in Opera?

text: "Favorites"

question: What is built in to all bookmarks?

question: How do bookmarks behave in IE?

question: How are feed aggregators formatted as in Opera?

text: "live bookmarks"

question: What kind of web pages are included in IE?


text: Mathematics: The earliest traces of mathematical knowledge in the Indian subcontinent appear with the Indus Valley Civilization (c. 4th millennium BC ~ c. 3rd millennium BC). The people of this civilization made bricks whose dimensions were in the proportion 4:2:1, considered favorable for the stability of a brick structure. They also tried to standardize measurement of length to a high degree of accuracy. They designed a ruler—the Mohenjo-daro ruler—whose unit of length (approximately 1.32 inches or 3.4 centimetres) was divided into ten equal parts. Bricks manufactured in ancient Mohenjo-daro often had dimensions that were integral multiples of this unit of length.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: Mathematics

text: The

text: earliest

text: traces

text: of

text: mathematical

text: knowledge

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: appear

text: with

text: the

text: Indus

text: Valley

text: Civilization

text: c.

text: millennium

text: BC

text: c.

text: millennium

text: BC

text: The

text: people

text: of

text: this

text: civilization

text: made

text: bricks

text: whose

text: dimensions

text: were

text: in

text: the

text: proportion

text: considered

text: favorable

text: for

text: the

text: stability

text: of

text: a

text: brick

text: structure

text: They

text: also

text: tried

text: to

text: standardize

text: measurement

text: of

text: length

text: to

text: a

text: high

text: degree

text: of

text: accuracy

text: They

text: designed

text: a

text: ruler

text: the

text: Mohenjo

text: daro

text: ruler

text: whose

text: unit

text: of

text: length

text: approximately

text: inches

text: or

text: centimetres

text: was

text: divided

text: into

text: ten

text: equal

text: parts

text: Bricks

text: manufactured

text: in

text: ancient

text: Mohenjo

text: daro

text: often

text: had

text: dimensions

text: that

text: were

text: integral

text: multiples

text: of

text: this

text: unit

text: of

text: length

question: The Indus Valley Civilization was the first to have traces of what?

answer: mathematical knowledge

text: mathematical knowledge

question: What proportional size were the bricks that the civilization used?

answer: 4:2:1

question: What characteristic determined the proportions of the bricks?

answer: stability

text: stability

question: What was the name of the ruler that they created?

answer: the Mohenjo-daro ruler

text: the Mohenjo-daro ruler

question: How long were the units in inches of the Mohenjo-daro ruler?

answer: 1.32 inches

text: 1.32 inches


text: Israel's diverse culture stems from the diversity of its population: Jews from diaspora communities around the world have brought their cultural and religious traditions back with them, creating a melting pot of Jewish customs and beliefs. Israel is the only country in the world where life revolves around the Hebrew calendar. Work and school holidays are determined by the Jewish holidays, and the official day of rest is Saturday, the Jewish Sabbath. Israel's substantial Arab minority has also left its imprint on Israeli culture in such spheres as architecture, music, and cuisine.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: Israel

text: 's

text: diverse

text: culture

text: stems

text: from

text: the

text: diversity

text: of

text: its

text: population

text: Jews

text: from

text: diaspora

text: communities

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: have

text: brought

text: their

text: cultural

text: and

text: religious

text: traditions

text: back

text: with

text: them

text: creating

text: a

text: melting

text: pot

text: of

text: Jewish

text: customs

text: and

text: beliefs

text: Israel

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: country

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: where

text: life

text: revolves

text: around

text: the

text: Hebrew

text: calendar

text: Work

text: and

text: school

text: holidays

text: are

text: determined

text: by

text: the

text: Jewish

text: holidays

text: and

text: the

text: official

text: day

text: of

text: rest

text: is

text: Saturday

text: the

text: Jewish

text: Sabbath

text: Israel

text: 's

text: substantial

text: Arab

text: minority

text: has

text: also

text: left

text: its

text: imprint

text: on

text: Israeli

text: culture

text: in

text: such

text: spheres

text: as

text: architecture

text: music

text: and

text: cuisine

question: Where does Israel's diverse culture stem from?

answer: diversity of its population

text: diversity of its population

question: Life revolves around what in Israel?

answer: Hebrew calendar

text: Hebrew calendar

question: Work and school holidays are determined by what?

answer: Jewish holidays

text: Jewish holidays


text: West in 1930 and later P. G. A. H. Voigt (1940) showed that the early Wente-style condenser microphones contributed to a 4 to 6 dB midrange brilliance or pre-emphasis in the recording chain. This meant that the electrical recording characteristics of Western Electric licensees such as Columbia Records and Victor Talking Machine Company in the 1925 era had a higher amplitude in the midrange region. Brilliance such as this compensated for dullness in many early magnetic pickups having drooping midrange and treble response. As a result, this practice was the empirical beginning of using pre-emphasis above 1,000 Hz in 78 rpm and 33 1⁄3 rpm records.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: West

text: in

text: and

text: later

text: P.

text: G.

text: A.

text: H.

text: Voigt

text: showed

text: that

text: the

text: early

text: Wente

text: style

text: condenser

text: microphones

text: contributed

text: to

text: a

text: to

text: dB

text: midrange

text: brilliance

text: or

text: pre

text: emphasis

text: in

text: the

text: recording

text: chain

text: This

text: meant

text: that

text: the

text: electrical

text: recording

text: characteristics

text: of

text: Western

text: Electric

text: licensees

text: such

text: as

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: and

text: Victor

text: Talking

text: Machine

text: Company

text: in

text: the

text: era

text: had

text: a

text: higher

text: amplitude

text: in

text: the

text: midrange

text: region

text: Brilliance

text: such

text: as

text: this

text: compensated

text: for

text: dullness

text: in

text: many

text: early

text: magnetic

text: pickups

text: having

text: drooping

text: midrange

text: and

text: treble

text: response

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: this

text: practice

text: was

text: the

text: empirical

text: beginning

text: of

text: using

text: pre

text: emphasis

text: above

text: Hz

text: in

text: rpm

text: and

text: rpm

text: records

question: Whom found Wente-style condenser microphones helpful?

answer: P. G. A. H. Voigt

text: P. G. A. H. Voigt

question: How were Wente-Style condenser microphones helpful?

answer: pre-emphasis in the recording

text: pre-emphasis in the recording

question: When was a pre-emphasis most useful?

answer: above 1,000 Hz

text: above 1,000 Hz

question: On which recording types were pre-emphasis used most in the 1920s?

answer: 78 rpm and 33 1⁄3 rpm

text: 78 rpm and 33 1⁄3 rpm

question: In which Era was this finding most significant?

answer: 1925 era

text: 1925 era


text: SURE provide the telecommunications service in the territory through a digital copper-based telephone network including ADSL-broadband service. In August 2011 the first fibre-optic link has been installed on the island, which connects the television receive antennas at Bryant's Beacon to the Cable & Wireless Technical Centre in the Briars.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: SURE

text: provide

text: the

text: telecommunications

text: service

text: in

text: the

text: territory

text: through

text: a

text: digital

text: copper

text: based

text: telephone

text: network

text: including

text: ADSL

text: broadband

text: service

text: In

text: August

text: the

text: first

text: fibre

text: optic

text: link

text: has

text: been

text: installed

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: which

text: connects

text: the

text: television

text: receive

text: antennas

text: at

text: Bryant

text: 's

text: Beacon

text: to

text: the

text: Cable

text: Wireless

text: Technical

text: Centre

text: in

text: the

text: Briars

question: SURE provides what kind of service to the territory?

answer: telecommunications

text: telecommunications

question: What kind of network does SURE provide it's service from?

answer: digital copper-based telephone network

text: digital copper-based telephone network

question: When was the first fibre-optic network installed?

answer: August 2011

text: August 2011


text: The University of Houston System's annual impact on the Houston area's economy equates to that of a major corporation: $1.1 billion in new funds attracted annually to the Houston area, $3.13 billion in total economic benefit and 24,000 local jobs generated. This is in addition to the 12,500 new graduates the U.H. System produces every year who enter the workforce in Houston and throughout the state of Texas. These degree-holders tend to stay in Houston. After five years, 80.5% of graduates are still living and working in the region.

title: Houston

title: Houston

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Houston

text: System

text: 's

text: annual

text: impact

text: on

text: the

text: Houston

text: area

text: 's

text: economy

text: equates

text: to

text: that

text: of

text: a

text: major

text: corporation

text: billion

text: in

text: new

text: funds

text: attracted

text: annually

text: to

text: the

text: Houston

text: area

text: billion

text: in

text: total

text: economic

text: benefit

text: and

text: local

text: jobs

text: generated

text: This

text: is

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: new

text: graduates

text: the

text: U.H.

text: System

text: produces

text: every

text: year

text: who

text: enter

text: the

text: workforce

text: in

text: Houston

text: and

text: throughout

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Texas

text: These

text: degree

text: holders

text: tend

text: to

text: stay

text: in

text: Houston

text: After

text: five

text: years

text: of

text: graduates

text: are

text: still

text: living

text: and

text: working

text: in

text: the

text: region

question: How much money does the University of Houston attract to Houston a year?

answer: $1.1 billion

text: $1.1 billion

question: How many local jobs are produced by the University of Houston?

answer: 24,000

question: How many student graduate from the University of Houston per year?

answer: 12,500

question: Where do most university graduates stay after acquiring a degree?

answer: in Houston

text: in Houston

question: Even after five years, how many graduates remain in Houston?

answer: 80.5%

question: How much money does the University of Texas attract to Texas a year?

text: $1.1 billion

question: How many local jobs are produced by the University of Texas?

text: 24,000 local jobs

question: How many student graduate from the University of Texas per year?

question: Where do most university graduates go to after acquiring a degree?

text: Houston

question: Even after five years, how many graduates remain in Texas?


text: Because the Quran is spoken in classical Arabic, many of the later converts to Islam (mostly non-Arabs) did not always understand the Quranic Arabic, they did not catch allusions that were clear to early Muslims fluent in Arabic and they were concerned with reconciling apparent conflict of themes in the Quran. Commentators erudite in Arabic explained the allusions, and perhaps most importantly, explained which Quranic verses had been revealed early in Muhammad's prophetic career, as being appropriate to the very earliest Muslim community, and which had been revealed later, canceling out or "abrogating" (nāsikh) the earlier text (mansūkh). Other scholars, however, maintain that no abrogation has taken place in the Quran. The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community has published a ten-volume Urdu commentary on the Quran, with the name Tafseer e Kabir.

title: Quran

title: Quran

text: Because

text: the

text: Quran

text: is

text: spoken

text: in

text: classical

text: Arabic

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: later

text: converts

text: to

text: Islam

text: mostly

text: non

text: Arabs

text: did

text: not

text: always

text: understand

text: the

text: Quranic

text: Arabic

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: catch

text: allusions

text: that

text: were

text: clear

text: to

text: early

text: Muslims

text: fluent

text: in

text: Arabic

text: and

text: they

text: were

text: concerned

text: with

text: reconciling

text: apparent

text: conflict

text: of

text: themes

text: in

text: the

text: Quran

text: Commentators

text: erudite

text: in

text: Arabic

text: explained

text: the

text: allusions

text: and

text: perhaps

text: most

text: importantly

text: explained

text: which

text: Quranic

text: verses

text: had

text: been

text: revealed

text: early

text: in

text: Muhammad

text: 's

text: prophetic

text: career

text: as

text: being

text: appropriate

text: to

text: the

text: very

text: earliest

text: Muslim

text: community

text: and

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: revealed

text: later

text: canceling

text: out

text: or

text: abrogating

text: nāsikh

text: the

text: earlier

text: text

text: mansūkh

text: Other

text: scholars

text: however

text: maintain

text: that

text: no

text: abrogation

text: has

text: taken

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: Quran

text: The

text: Ahmadiyya

text: Muslim

text: Community

text: has

text: published

text: a

text: ten

text: volume

text: Urdu

text: commentary

text: on

text: the

text: Quran

text: with

text: the

text: name

text: Tafseer

text: e

text: Kabir

question: In which language is the Quran recited?

answer: classical Arabic

text: classical Arabic

question: What is the Arabic term for the cancellation of one part of the Quran by another?

answer: nāsikh

text: nāsikh

question: What is the name of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community's published Quran commentary?

answer: Tafseer e Kabir

text: Tafseer e Kabir

question: In which language is the Tafseer e Kabir written?

answer: Urdu

text: Urdu

question: What is the term for earlier portions of the Quran that may have been superseded by later parts?

answer: mansūkh

text: mansūkh

question: In which language is the Quran unrecited?

text: classical Arabic

question: In which language isn't the Quran recited?

text: classical Arabic

question: What is the Arabic term for the continuation of one part of the Quran by another?

text: nāsikh

question: What is the name of the Ahmadiyya Jewish Community's published Quran commentary?

text: Tafseer e Kabir

question: What is the term for later portions of the Quran that may have been superseded by earlier parts?

text: mansūkh


text: There are also many large plants under construction. The Desert Sunlight Solar Farm under construction in Riverside County, California and Topaz Solar Farm being built in San Luis Obispo County, California are both 550 MW solar parks that will use thin-film solar photovoltaic modules made by First Solar. The Blythe Solar Power Project is a 500 MW photovoltaic station under construction in Riverside County, California. The California Valley Solar Ranch (CVSR) is a 250 megawatt (MW) solar photovoltaic power plant, which is being built by SunPower in the Carrizo Plain, northeast of California Valley. The 230 MW Antelope Valley Solar Ranch is a First Solar photovoltaic project which is under construction in the Antelope Valley area of the Western Mojave Desert, and due to be completed in 2013. The Mesquite Solar project is a photovoltaic solar power plant being built in Arlington, Maricopa County, Arizona, owned by Sempra Generation. Phase 1 will have a nameplate capacity of 150 megawatts.

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: many

text: large

text: plants

text: under

text: construction

text: The

text: Desert

text: Sunlight

text: Solar

text: Farm

text: under

text: construction

text: in

text: Riverside

text: County

text: California

text: and

text: Topaz

text: Solar

text: Farm

text: being

text: built

text: in

text: San

text: Luis

text: Obispo

text: County

text: California

text: are

text: both

text: MW

text: solar

text: parks

text: that

text: will

text: use

text: thin

text: film

text: solar

text: photovoltaic

text: modules

text: made

text: by

text: First

text: Solar

text: The

text: Blythe

text: Solar

text: Power

text: Project

text: is

text: a

text: MW

text: photovoltaic

text: station

text: under

text: construction

text: in

text: Riverside

text: County

text: California

text: The

text: California

text: Valley

text: Solar

text: Ranch

text: CVSR

text: is

text: a

text: megawatt

text: MW

text: solar

text: photovoltaic

text: power

text: plant

text: which

text: is

text: being

text: built

text: by

text: SunPower

text: in

text: the

text: Carrizo

text: Plain

text: northeast

text: of

text: California

text: Valley

text: The

text: MW

text: Antelope

text: Valley

text: Solar

text: Ranch

text: is

text: a

text: First

text: Solar

text: photovoltaic

text: project

text: which

text: is

text: under

text: construction

text: in

text: the

text: Antelope

text: Valley

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: Western

text: Mojave

text: Desert

text: and

text: due

text: to

text: be

text: completed

text: in

text: The

text: Mesquite

text: Solar

text: project

text: is

text: a

text: photovoltaic

text: solar

text: power

text: plant

text: being

text: built

text: in

text: Arlington

text: Maricopa

text: County

text: Arizona

text: owned

text: by

text: Sempra

text: Generation

text: Phase

text: will

text: have

text: a

text: nameplate

text: capacity

text: of

text: megawatts

question: Where is Desert Sunlight Solar Farm currently under construction?

answer: Riverside County, California

text: Riverside County, California

question: Where is Desert Sunlight Solar Farm?

answer: San Luis Obispo County, California

text: San Luis Obispo County, California

question: Who is building The Califoria Valley Solar Ranch?

answer: SunPower

text: SunPower

question: Where is Desert Sunlight Solar Farm no longer under construction?

text: Riverside County, California

question: Where is Desert Sunlight State Farm?

text: San Luis Obispo County, California

question: Who is building The Califoria Valley State Ranch?

text: SunPower

question: What is a 200 megawatt solar plant?

text: California Valley Solar Ranch


text: Red is the color most commonly associated with joy and well being. It is the color of celebration and ceremony. A red carpet is often used to welcome distinguished guests. Red is also the traditional color of seats in opera houses and theaters. Scarlet academic gowns are worn by new Doctors of Philosophy at degree ceremonies at Oxford University and other schools. In China, it is considered the color of good fortune and prosperity, and it is the color traditionally worn by brides. In Christian countries, it is the color traditionally worn at Christmas by Santa Claus, because in the 4th century the historic Saint Nicholas was the Greek Christian Bishop of Myra, in modern-day Turkey, and bishops then dressed in red.

title: Red

title: Red

text: Red

text: is

text: the

text: color

text: most

text: commonly

text: associated

text: with

text: joy

text: and

text: well

text: being

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: color

text: of

text: celebration

text: and

text: ceremony

text: A

text: red

text: carpet

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: to

text: welcome

text: distinguished

text: guests

text: Red

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: traditional

text: color

text: of

text: seats

text: in

text: opera

text: houses

text: and

text: theaters

text: Scarlet

text: academic

text: gowns

text: are

text: worn

text: by

text: new

text: Doctors

text: of

text: Philosophy

text: at

text: degree

text: ceremonies

text: at

text: Oxford

text: University

text: and

text: other

text: schools

text: In

text: China

text: it

text: is

text: considered

text: the

text: color

text: of

text: good

text: fortune

text: and

text: prosperity

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: color

text: traditionally

text: worn

text: by

text: brides

text: In

text: Christian

text: countries

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: color

text: traditionally

text: worn

text: at

text: Christmas

text: by

text: Santa

text: Claus

text: because

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: historic

text: Saint

text: Nicholas

text: was

text: the

text: Greek

text: Christian

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Myra

text: in

text: modern

text: day

text: Turkey

text: and

text: bishops

text: then

text: dressed

text: in

text: red

question: What color gowns are generally worn by recent Doctors of Philosophy at Oxford?

answer: Scarlet

text: Scarlet

question: What good traits is the color red associated with in China?

answer: good fortune and prosperity

text: good fortune and prosperity

question: In what century did Saint Nicholas become the influence for red being worn by Santa Claus?

answer: 4th

question: Who was Saint Nicholas?

answer: the Greek Christian Bishop of Myra

text: the Greek Christian Bishop of Myra

question: In what nation is Myra?

answer: Turkey

text: Turkey

question: What color to brides wear in Christian countries?

text: Red

question: Who was the 4th century Santa Claus in Turkey?

text: Greek Christian Bishop of Myra

question: What color gowns are worn on red carpets?

text: Scarlet

question: What do all Doctors of Philosophy wear?

text: Scarlet academic gowns


text: As a defining aspect of what it means to be human, culture is a central concept in anthropology, encompassing the range of phenomena that are transmitted through social learning in human societies. The word is used in a general sense as the evolved ability to categorize and represent experiences with symbols and to act imaginatively and creatively. This ability arose with the evolution of behavioral modernity in humans around 50,000 years ago.[citation needed] This capacity is often thought to be unique to humans, although some other species have demonstrated similar, though much less complex abilities for social learning. It is also used to denote the complex networks of practices and accumulated knowledge and ideas that is transmitted through social interaction and exist in specific human groups, or cultures, using the plural form. Some aspects of human behavior, such as language, social practices such as kinship, gender and marriage, expressive forms such as art, music, dance, ritual, religion, and technologies such as cooking, shelter, clothing are said to be cultural universals, found in all human societies. The concept material culture covers the physical expressions of culture, such as technology, architecture and art, whereas the immaterial aspects of culture such as principles of social organization (including, practices of political organization and social institutions), mythology, philosophy, literature (both written and oral), and science make up the intangible cultural heritage of a society.

title: Culture

title: Culture

text: As

text: a

text: defining

text: aspect

text: of

text: what

text: it

text: means

text: to

text: be

text: human

text: culture

text: is

text: a

text: central

text: concept

text: in

text: anthropology

text: encompassing

text: the

text: range

text: of

text: phenomena

text: that

text: are

text: transmitted

text: through

text: social

text: learning

text: in

text: human

text: societies

text: The

text: word

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: a

text: general

text: sense

text: as

text: the

text: evolved

text: ability

text: to

text: categorize

text: and

text: represent

text: experiences

text: with

text: symbols

text: and

text: to

text: act

text: imaginatively

text: and

text: creatively

text: This

text: ability

text: arose

text: with

text: the

text: evolution

text: of

text: behavioral

text: modernity

text: in

text: humans

text: around

text: years

text: ago.[citation

text: needed

text: This

text: capacity

text: is

text: often

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: unique

text: to

text: humans

text: although

text: some

text: other

text: species

text: have

text: demonstrated

text: similar

text: though

text: much

text: less

text: complex

text: abilities

text: for

text: social

text: learning

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: to

text: denote

text: the

text: complex

text: networks

text: of

text: practices

text: and

text: accumulated

text: knowledge

text: and

text: ideas

text: that

text: is

text: transmitted

text: through

text: social

text: interaction

text: and

text: exist

text: in

text: specific

text: human

text: groups

text: or

text: cultures

text: using

text: the

text: plural

text: form

text: Some

text: aspects

text: of

text: human

text: behavior

text: such

text: as

text: language

text: social

text: practices

text: such

text: as

text: kinship

text: gender

text: and

text: marriage

text: expressive

text: forms

text: such

text: as

text: art

text: music

text: dance

text: ritual

text: religion

text: and

text: technologies

text: such

text: as

text: cooking

text: shelter

text: clothing

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: be

text: cultural

text: universals

text: found

text: in

text: all

text: human

text: societies

text: The

text: concept

text: material

text: culture

text: covers

text: the

text: physical

text: expressions

text: of

text: culture

text: such

text: as

text: technology

text: architecture

text: and

text: art

text: whereas

text: the

text: immaterial

text: aspects

text: of

text: culture

text: such

text: as

text: principles

text: of

text: social

text: organization

text: including

text: practices

text: of

text: political

text: organization

text: and

text: social

text: institutions

text: mythology

text: philosophy

text: literature

text: both

text: written

text: and

text: oral

text: and

text: science

text: make

text: up

text: the

text: intangible

text: cultural

text: heritage

text: of

text: a

text: society

question: Around when were humans able to understand to some degree what culture really meant?

answer: 50,000 years ago

text: 50,000 years ago

question: Name some cultural universals that exist with humans today.

answer: kinship, gender and marriage

text: kinship, gender and marriage

question: What does the term "concept material culture" cover?

answer: technology, architecture and art

text: technology, architecture and art

question: What is not a defining aspect of what it means to be human?

text: culture

question: When were humans able to understand culture fully?

text: 50,000 years ago

question: What does the term "concept immaterial culture" cover?

text: technology, architecture and art

question: What is excluded from the cultural heritage of a society?

question: What cultural universals no longer exist in humans?

text: kinship, gender and marriage


text: Continuing his experiments in Brantford, Bell brought home a working model of his telephone. On August 3, 1876, from the telegraph office in Mount Pleasant five miles (eight km) away from Brantford, Bell sent a tentative telegram indicating that he was ready. With curious onlookers packed into the office as witnesses, faint voices were heard replying. The following night, he amazed guests as well as his family when a message was received at the Bell home from Brantford, four miles (six km) distant, along an improvised wire strung up along telegraph lines and fences, and laid through a tunnel. This time, guests at the household distinctly heard people in Brantford reading and singing. These experiments clearly proved that the telephone could work over long distances.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: Continuing

text: his

text: experiments

text: in

text: Brantford

text: Bell

text: brought

text: home

text: a

text: working

text: model

text: of

text: his

text: telephone

text: On

text: August

text: from

text: the

text: telegraph

text: office

text: in

text: Mount

text: Pleasant

text: five

text: miles

text: eight

text: km

text: away

text: from

text: Brantford

text: Bell

text: sent

text: a

text: tentative

text: telegram

text: indicating

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: ready

text: With

text: curious

text: onlookers

text: packed

text: into

text: the

text: office

text: as

text: witnesses

text: faint

text: voices

text: were

text: heard

text: replying

text: The

text: following

text: night

text: he

text: amazed

text: guests

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: his

text: family

text: when

text: a

text: message

text: was

text: received

text: at

text: the

text: Bell

text: home

text: from

text: Brantford

text: four

text: miles

text: six

text: km

text: distant

text: along

text: an

text: improvised

text: wire

text: strung

text: up

text: along

text: telegraph

text: lines

text: and

text: fences

text: and

text: laid

text: through

text: a

text: tunnel

text: This

text: time

text: guests

text: at

text: the

text: household

text: distinctly

text: heard

text: people

text: in

text: Brantford

text: reading

text: and

text: singing

text: These

text: experiments

text: clearly

text: proved

text: that

text: the

text: telephone

text: could

text: work

text: over

text: long

text: distances

question: From what city did Bell send his first message?

answer: Mount Pleasant

text: Mount Pleasant

question: Bell sent messages over wires hooked onto telegraph lines and what?

answer: fences

text: fences

question: What did the group at the Bells house hear other people doing?

answer: reading and singing

text: reading and singing


text: With Zaifeng gone, Yuan Shikai and his Beiyang commanders effectively dominated Qing politics. He reasoned that going to war would be unreasonable and costly, especially when noting that the Qing government had a goal for constitutional monarchy. Similarly, Sun Yat-sen's government wanted a republican constitutional reform, both aiming for the benefit of China's economy and populace. With permission from Empress Dowager Longyu, Yuan Shikai began negotiating with Sun Yat-sen, who decided that his goal had been achieved in forming a republic, and that therefore he could allow Yuan to step into the position of President of the Republic of China.

title: Qing_dynasty

title: Qing_dynasty

text: With

text: Zaifeng

text: gone

text: Yuan

text: Shikai

text: and

text: his

text: Beiyang

text: commanders

text: effectively

text: dominated

text: Qing

text: politics

text: He

text: reasoned

text: that

text: going

text: to

text: war

text: would

text: be

text: unreasonable

text: and

text: costly

text: especially

text: when

text: noting

text: that

text: the

text: Qing

text: government

text: had

text: a

text: goal

text: for

text: constitutional

text: monarchy

text: Similarly

text: Sun

text: Yat

text: sen

text: 's

text: government

text: wanted

text: a

text: republican

text: constitutional

text: reform

text: both

text: aiming

text: for

text: the

text: benefit

text: of

text: China

text: 's

text: economy

text: and

text: populace

text: With

text: permission

text: from

text: Empress

text: Dowager

text: Longyu

text: Yuan

text: Shikai

text: began

text: negotiating

text: with

text: Sun

text: Yat

text: sen

text: who

text: decided

text: that

text: his

text: goal

text: had

text: been

text: achieved

text: in

text: forming

text: a

text: republic

text: and

text: that

text: therefore

text: he

text: could

text: allow

text: Yuan

text: to

text: step

text: into

text: the

text: position

text: of

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

question: Who led the Qing?

answer: Yuan Shikai

text: Yuan Shikai

question: Who negotiated with Yuan Shikai to prevent war?

answer: Sun Yat-sen

text: Sun Yat-sen

question: Who led the Republic of China?

answer: Sun Yat-sen,

text: Sun Yat-sen,

question: Who became the President?

answer: Yuan

text: Yuan


text: The settlements at Tilsit gave Napoleon time to organize his empire. One of his major objectives became enforcing the Continental System against the British. He decided to focus his attention on the Kingdom of Portugal, which consistently violated his trade prohibitions. After defeat in the War of the Oranges in 1801, Portugal adopted a double-sided policy. At first, John VI agreed to close his ports to British trade. The situation changed dramatically after the Franco-Spanish defeat at Trafalgar; John grew bolder and officially resumed diplomatic and trade relations with Britain.

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: The

text: settlements

text: at

text: Tilsit

text: gave

text: Napoleon

text: time

text: to

text: organize

text: his

text: empire

text: One

text: of

text: his

text: major

text: objectives

text: became

text: enforcing

text: the

text: Continental

text: System

text: against

text: the

text: British

text: He

text: decided

text: to

text: focus

text: his

text: attention

text: on

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Portugal

text: which

text: consistently

text: violated

text: his

text: trade

text: prohibitions

text: After

text: defeat

text: in

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Oranges

text: in

text: Portugal

text: adopted

text: a

text: double

text: sided

text: policy

text: At

text: first

text: John

text: VI

text: agreed

text: to

text: close

text: his

text: ports

text: to

text: British

text: trade

text: The

text: situation

text: changed

text: dramatically

text: after

text: the

text: Franco

text: Spanish

text: defeat

text: at

text: Trafalgar

text: John

text: grew

text: bolder

text: and

text: officially

text: resumed

text: diplomatic

text: and

text: trade

text: relations

text: with

text: Britain

question: Where did the agreements that gave Napoleon time to structure his empire take place?

answer: Tilsit

text: Tilsit

question: One of Napoleon's primary goals was to enforce the Continental System against whom?

answer: the British

text: the British

question: Napoleon chose to focus his attention on which country that flouted his trade restrictions?

answer: the Kingdom of Portugal

text: the Kingdom of Portugal

question: In what year did Portugal experience defeat in the War of the Oranges?

answer: 1801

question: After the Franco-Spanish loss at Trafalgar, John VI resumed relations with what nation?

answer: Britain

text: Britain


text: Immediately after the earthquake event, mobile and terrestrial telecommunications were cut to the affected and surrounding area, with all internet capabilities cut to the Sichuan area too. Elements of telecommunications were restored by the government piece by piece over the next number of months as the situation in the Sichuan province gradually improved. Eventually, a handful of major news and media websites were made accessible online in the region, albeit with dramatically pared back webpages.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: Immediately

text: after

text: the

text: earthquake

text: event

text: mobile

text: and

text: terrestrial

text: telecommunications

text: were

text: cut

text: to

text: the

text: affected

text: and

text: surrounding

text: area

text: with

text: all

text: internet

text: capabilities

text: cut

text: to

text: the

text: Sichuan

text: area

text: too

text: Elements

text: of

text: telecommunications

text: were

text: restored

text: by

text: the

text: government

text: piece

text: by

text: piece

text: over

text: the

text: next

text: number

text: of

text: months

text: as

text: the

text: situation

text: in

text: the

text: Sichuan

text: province

text: gradually

text: improved

text: Eventually

text: a

text: handful

text: of

text: major

text: news

text: and

text: media

text: websites

text: were

text: made

text: accessible

text: online

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: albeit

text: with

text: dramatically

text: pared

text: back

text: webpages

question: What kinds of telecommunications were cut?

answer: mobile and terrestrial

text: mobile and terrestrial

question: What capabilities were cut to the entire Sichuan area?

answer: internet

text: internet

question: How long did it take for these capabilities to be restored?

answer: months

text: months

question: What was cut after the earthquake?

answer: telecommunications

text: telecommunications

question: Where were the internet cut?

answer: Sichuan area

text: Sichuan area

question: Who restored communications over a period of months?

answer: the government

text: the government

question: What internet services were decreased in the area?

answer: news and media websites

text: news and media websites

question: What services were finally online again?

answer: major news and media

text: major news and media


text: In the Al-Burhan (On Demonstration) section of The Book of Healing, Avicenna discussed the philosophy of science and described an early scientific method of inquiry. He discusses Aristotle's Posterior Analytics and significantly diverged from it on several points. Avicenna discussed the issue of a proper methodology for scientific inquiry and the question of "How does one acquire the first principles of a science?" He asked how a scientist would arrive at "the initial axioms or hypotheses of a deductive science without inferring them from some more basic premises?" He explains that the ideal situation is when one grasps that a "relation holds between the terms, which would allow for absolute, universal certainty." Avicenna then adds two further methods for arriving at the first principles: the ancient Aristotelian method of induction (istiqra), and the method of examination and experimentation (tajriba). Avicenna criticized Aristotelian induction, arguing that "it does not lead to the absolute, universal, and certain premises that it purports to provide." In its place, he develops a "method of experimentation as a means for scientific inquiry."

title: Avicenna

title: Avicenna

text: In

text: the

text: Al

text: Burhan

text: On

text: Demonstration

text: section

text: of

text: The

text: Book

text: of

text: Healing

text: Avicenna

text: discussed

text: the

text: philosophy

text: of

text: science

text: and

text: described

text: an

text: early

text: scientific

text: method

text: of

text: inquiry

text: He

text: discusses

text: Aristotle

text: 's

text: Posterior

text: Analytics

text: and

text: significantly

text: diverged

text: from

text: it

text: on

text: several

text: points

text: Avicenna

text: discussed

text: the

text: issue

text: of

text: a

text: proper

text: methodology

text: for

text: scientific

text: inquiry

text: and

text: the

text: question

text: of

text: How

text: does

text: one

text: acquire

text: the

text: first

text: principles

text: of

text: a

text: science

text: He

text: asked

text: how

text: a

text: scientist

text: would

text: arrive

text: at

text: the

text: initial

text: axioms

text: or

text: hypotheses

text: of

text: a

text: deductive

text: science

text: without

text: inferring

text: them

text: from

text: some

text: more

text: basic

text: premises

text: He

text: explains

text: that

text: the

text: ideal

text: situation

text: is

text: when

text: one

text: grasps

text: that

text: a

text: relation

text: holds

text: between

text: the

text: terms

text: which

text: would

text: allow

text: for

text: absolute

text: universal

text: certainty

text: Avicenna

text: then

text: adds

text: two

text: further

text: methods

text: for

text: arriving

text: at

text: the

text: first

text: principles

text: the

text: ancient

text: Aristotelian

text: method

text: of

text: induction

text: istiqra

text: and

text: the

text: method

text: of

text: examination

text: and

text: experimentation

text: tajriba

text: Avicenna

text: criticized

text: Aristotelian

text: induction

text: arguing

text: that

text: it

text: does

text: not

text: lead

text: to

text: the

text: absolute

text: universal

text: and

text: certain

text: premises

text: that

text: it

text: purports

text: to

text: provide

text: In

text: its

text: place

text: he

text: develops

text: a

text: method

text: of

text: experimentation

text: as

text: a

text: means

text: for

text: scientific

text: inquiry

question: What philosopher did Avicenna discuss in his The Book of Healing text?

answer: Aristotle

text: Aristotle

question: What work of Aristotle's does Avicenna focus on?

answer: Posterior Analytics

text: Posterior Analytics

question: What method did Avicenna criticize as not leading to absolute certainty?

answer: Aristotelian induction

text: Aristotelian induction

question: What kind of inquiry did Avicenna discover?

text: scientific method of inquiry

question: What work of Aristotle's did Avicenna closely follow?

text: Posterior Analytics

question: What method did Avucenna claim led to absolute certainty?

text: Aristotelian induction

question: What method was replaced by Aristotelian method of induction?

question: What philosopher did Avicenna not discuss in his The Book of Healing text?

text: Aristotle

question: What work of Aristotle's does Avicenna not focus on?

text: Posterior Analytics

question: What method did Avicenna support as leading to absolute certainty?

text: Aristotelian induction

question: What method didn't Avicenna criticize as not leading to absolute certainty?

text: Aristotelian induction

question: What work of Socrate's does Avicenna focus on?

text: Posterior Analytics


text: Drug discovery is the process by which potential drugs are discovered or designed. In the past most drugs have been discovered either by isolating the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. Modern biotechnology often focuses on understanding the metabolic pathways related to a disease state or pathogen, and manipulating these pathways using molecular biology or biochemistry. A great deal of early-stage drug discovery has traditionally been carried out by universities and research institutions.

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

text: Drug

text: discovery

text: is

text: the

text: process

text: by

text: which

text: potential

text: drugs

text: are

text: discovered

text: or

text: designed

text: In

text: the

text: past

text: most

text: drugs

text: have

text: been

text: discovered

text: either

text: by

text: isolating

text: the

text: active

text: ingredient

text: from

text: traditional

text: remedies

text: or

text: by

text: serendipitous

text: discovery

text: Modern

text: biotechnology

text: often

text: focuses

text: on

text: understanding

text: the

text: metabolic

text: pathways

text: related

text: to

text: a

text: disease

text: state

text: or

text: pathogen

text: and

text: manipulating

text: these

text: pathways

text: using

text: molecular

text: biology

text: or

text: biochemistry

text: A

text: great

text: deal

text: of

text: early

text: stage

text: drug

text: discovery

text: has

text: traditionally

text: been

text: carried

text: out

text: by

text: universities

text: and

text: research

text: institutions

question: What is a drug discovery?

answer: the process by which potential drugs are discovered or designed

text: the process by which potential drugs are discovered or designed

question: Who is usually responsible for early stages of drug discovery?

answer: universities and research institutions

text: universities and research institutions

question: What is used to manipulate pathways?

answer: molecular biology or biochemistry

text: molecular biology or biochemistry

question: What is involved in drug discovery?

answer: isolating the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery

text: isolating the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery

question: What focuses on metabolic pathways?

answer: biotechnology

text: biotechnology

question: What is the name of the process in which possible drugs are discovered?

answer: Drug discovery

text: Drug discovery

question: What groups carry out most early drug discoveries?

answer: research institutions

text: research institutions

question: What kind of technology studies the understanding and manipulation of disease states and pathogens?

answer: biotechnology

text: biotechnology

question: Most drugs have been found by isolating what from traditional remedies?

answer: active ingredient

text: active ingredient

question: What is a remedy discovery?

question: Who is usually responsible for early stages of remedy discovery?

text: universities and research institutions

question: What is used to manipulate institutions?

text: molecular biology or biochemistry

question: What is involved in remedy discovery?

question: What focuses on early-stage pathways?

text: biotechnology


text: These years included what was called "spectacularly malicious coverage" of the Labour Party by The Sun and other newspapers. During the general election of 1983 The Sun ran a front page featuring an unflattering photograph of Michael Foot, then aged almost 70, claiming he was unfit to be Prime Minister on grounds of his age, appearance and policies, alongside the headline "Do You Really Want This Old Fool To Run Britain?" A year later, in 1984, The Sun made clear its enthusiastic support for the re-election of Ronald Reagan as president in the USA. Reagan was two weeks off his 74th birthday when he started his second term, in January 1985.

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom

text: These

text: years

text: included

text: what

text: was

text: called

text: spectacularly

text: malicious

text: coverage

text: of

text: the

text: Labour

text: Party

text: by

text: The

text: Sun

text: and

text: other

text: newspapers

text: During

text: the

text: general

text: election

text: of

text: The

text: Sun

text: ran

text: a

text: front

text: page

text: featuring

text: an

text: unflattering

text: photograph

text: of

text: Michael

text: Foot

text: then

text: aged

text: almost

text: claiming

text: he

text: was

text: unfit

text: to

text: be

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: on

text: grounds

text: of

text: his

text: age

text: appearance

text: and

text: policies

text: alongside

text: the

text: headline

text: Do

text: You

text: Really

text: Want

text: This

text: Old

text: Fool

text: To

text: Run

text: Britain

text: A

text: year

text: later

text: in

text: The

text: Sun

text: made

text: clear

text: its

text: enthusiastic

text: support

text: for

text: the

text: re

text: election

text: of

text: Ronald

text: Reagan

text: as

text: president

text: in

text: the

text: USA

text: Reagan

text: was

text: two

text: weeks

text: off

text: his

text: birthday

text: when

text: he

text: started

text: his

text: second

text: term

text: in

text: January

question: Who did The Sun say was not fit to be Prime Minister in 1983?

answer: Michael Foot

text: Michael Foot

question: Which party was The Sun accused of covering maliciously?

answer: Labour Party

text: Labour Party

question: Who did The Sun support in the 1984 U.S. presidential election?

answer: Ronald Reagan

text: Ronald Reagan

question: How old would Ronald Reagan turn soon after he began his second term as U.S. president?

answer: 74

question: What did the headline read that was run with Michael Foot's photo?

answer: "Do You Really Want This Old Fool To Run Britain?"

text: "Do You Really Want This Old Fool To Run Britain?"


text: Some dog breeds have acquired traits through selective breeding that interfere with reproduction. Male French Bulldogs, for instance, are incapable of mounting the female. For many dogs of this breed, the female must be artificially inseminated in order to reproduce.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: Some

text: dog

text: breeds

text: have

text: acquired

text: traits

text: through

text: selective

text: breeding

text: that

text: interfere

text: with

text: reproduction

text: Male

text: French

text: Bulldogs

text: for

text: instance

text: are

text: incapable

text: of

text: mounting

text: the

text: female

text: For

text: many

text: dogs

text: of

text: this

text: breed

text: the

text: female

text: must

text: be

text: artificially

text: inseminated

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: reproduce

question: Which dog is not able to mount a female dog?

answer: Male French Bulldogs

text: Male French Bulldogs


text: The traditional Greek homelands have been the Greek peninsula and the Aegean Sea, the Southern Italy (Magna Graecia), the Black Sea, the Ionian coasts of Asia Minor and the islands of Cyprus and Sicily. In Plato's Phaidon, Socrates remarks, "we (Greeks) live around a sea like frogs around a pond" when describing to his friends the Greek cities of the Aegean. This image is attested by the map of the Old Greek Diaspora, which corresponded to the Greek world until the creation of the Greek state in 1832. The sea and trade were natural outlets for Greeks since the Greek peninsula is rocky and does not offer good prospects for agriculture.

title: Greeks

title: Greeks

text: The

text: traditional

text: Greek

text: homelands

text: have

text: been

text: the

text: Greek

text: peninsula

text: and

text: the

text: Aegean

text: Sea

text: the

text: Southern

text: Italy

text: Magna

text: Graecia

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: the

text: Ionian

text: coasts

text: of

text: Asia

text: Minor

text: and

text: the

text: islands

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: and

text: Sicily

text: In

text: Plato

text: 's

text: Phaidon

text: Socrates

text: remarks

text: we

text: Greeks

text: live

text: around

text: a

text: sea

text: like

text: frogs

text: around

text: a

text: pond

text: when

text: describing

text: to

text: his

text: friends

text: the

text: Greek

text: cities

text: of

text: the

text: Aegean

text: This

text: image

text: is

text: attested

text: by

text: the

text: map

text: of

text: the

text: Old

text: Greek

text: Diaspora

text: which

text: corresponded

text: to

text: the

text: Greek

text: world

text: until

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: state

text: in

text: The

text: sea

text: and

text: trade

text: were

text: natural

text: outlets

text: for

text: Greeks

text: since

text: the

text: Greek

text: peninsula

text: is

text: rocky

text: and

text: does

text: not

text: offer

text: good

text: prospects

text: for

text: agriculture

question: What are considered to be the motherland of the Greeks ?

answer: Greek peninsula and the Aegean Sea, the Southern Italy (Magna Graecia), the Black Sea, the Ionian coasts of Asia Minor and the islands of Cyprus and Sicily

text: Greek peninsula and the Aegean Sea, the Southern Italy (Magna Graecia), the Black Sea, the Ionian coasts of Asia Minor and the islands of Cyprus and Sicily

question: What statement of note was given by a great philosopher from Greece written by another great philosopher ?

answer: Plato's Phaidon, Socrates remarks, "we (Greeks) live around a sea like frogs around a pond

text: Plato's Phaidon, Socrates remarks, "we (Greeks) live around a sea like frogs around a pond

question: What is the name of the ancient map of the Greek world  named  ?

answer: map of the Old Greek Diaspora

text: map of the Old Greek Diaspora

question: When did changes of this ancient map become notable ?

answer: corresponded to the Greek world until the creation of the Greek state in 183

text: corresponded to the Greek world until the creation of the Greek state in 183

question: Are there many product available from farm cultivation on the Greek lands ?

answer: Greek peninsula is rocky and does not offer good prospects for agriculture

text: Greek peninsula is rocky and does not offer good prospects for agriculture

question: What are considered to be the motherland of the French?

text: Greek peninsula and the Aegean Sea

question: What statement of note was given by a great philosopher from France written by another great philosopher?

question: What is the name of the ancient map of the French world named?

text: map of the Old Greek Diaspora

question: When did changes of this ancient map not become notable?

question: Are there many product available from farm cultivation on the French lands?


text: The kingdom is mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea as an important market place for ivory, which was exported throughout the ancient world. Aksum was at the time ruled by Zoskales, who also governed the port of Adulis. The Aksumite rulers facilitated trade by minting their own Aksumite currency. The state also established its hegemony over the declining Kingdom of Kush and regularly entered the politics of the kingdoms on the Arabian peninsula, eventually extending its rule over the region with the conquest of the Himyarite Kingdom.

title: Eritrea

title: Eritrea

text: The

text: kingdom

text: is

text: mentioned

text: in

text: the

text: Periplus

text: of

text: the

text: Erythraean

text: Sea

text: as

text: an

text: important

text: market

text: place

text: for

text: ivory

text: which

text: was

text: exported

text: throughout

text: the

text: ancient

text: world

text: Aksum

text: was

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: ruled

text: by

text: Zoskales

text: who

text: also

text: governed

text: the

text: port

text: of

text: Adulis

text: The

text: Aksumite

text: rulers

text: facilitated

text: trade

text: by

text: minting

text: their

text: own

text: Aksumite

text: currency

text: The

text: state

text: also

text: established

text: its

text: hegemony

text: over

text: the

text: declining

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Kush

text: and

text: regularly

text: entered

text: the

text: politics

text: of

text: the

text: kingdoms

text: on

text: the

text: Arabian

text: peninsula

text: eventually

text: extending

text: its

text: rule

text: over

text: the

text: region

text: with

text: the

text: conquest

text: of

text: the

text: Himyarite

text: Kingdom

question: Who ruled Aksum and also governed the port of Adulis?

answer: Zoskales

text: Zoskales

question: How did the Aksumite rulers facilitate trade?

answer: by minting their own Aksumite currency

text: by minting their own Aksumite currency

question: Which kingdoms did Aksum regularly enter the politics of?

answer: on the Arabian peninsula

text: on the Arabian peninsula

question: Who did Aksum conquer in order to extend its rule over the Arabian peninsula?

answer: Himyarite Kingdom

text: Himyarite Kingdom

question: Where was Ivory exported according to the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea?

answer: throughout the ancient world

text: throughout the ancient world

question: Whose face was on the Aksumite currency?

text: Zoskales

question: What country politics did the Aksumite rulers refuse to get involved with?

text: Kingdom of Kush

question: Who was the ruler of the Himyarite Kingdom at the time?

text: Zoskales

question: In what country was the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea written?

text: Himyarite Kingdom

question: What product did the Kingdom of Kush export?

text: ivory


text: In a major split in the ranks of Al Qaeda's organization, the Iraqi franchise, known as Al Qaeda in Iraq covertly invaded Syria and the Levant and began participating in the ongoing Syrian Civil War, gaining enough support and strength to re-invade Iraq's western provinces under the name of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS/ISIL), taking over much of the country in a blitzkrieg-like action and combining the Iraq insurgency and Syrian Civil War into a single conflict. Due to their extreme brutality and a complete change in their overall ideology, Al Qaeda's core organization in Central Asia eventually denounced ISIS and directed their affiliates to cut off all ties with this organization. Many analysts[who?] believe that because of this schism, Al Qaeda and ISIL are now in a competition to retain the title of the world's most powerful terrorist organization.

title: War_on_Terror

title: War_on_Terror

text: In

text: a

text: major

text: split

text: in

text: the

text: ranks

text: of

text: Al

text: Qaeda

text: 's

text: organization

text: the

text: Iraqi

text: franchise

text: known

text: as

text: Al

text: Qaeda

text: in

text: Iraq

text: covertly

text: invaded

text: Syria

text: and

text: the

text: Levant

text: and

text: began

text: participating

text: in

text: the

text: ongoing

text: Syrian

text: Civil

text: War

text: gaining

text: enough

text: support

text: and

text: strength

text: to

text: re

text: invade

text: Iraq

text: 's

text: western

text: provinces

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: Islamic

text: State

text: of

text: Iraq

text: and

text: the

text: Levant

text: ISIS

text: ISIL

text: taking

text: over

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: in

text: a

text: blitzkrieg

text: like

text: action

text: and

text: combining

text: the

text: Iraq

text: insurgency

text: and

text: Syrian

text: Civil

text: War

text: into

text: a

text: single

text: conflict

text: Due

text: to

text: their

text: extreme

text: brutality

text: and

text: a

text: complete

text: change

text: in

text: their

text: overall

text: ideology

text: Al

text: Qaeda

text: 's

text: core

text: organization

text: in

text: Central

text: Asia

text: eventually

text: denounced

text: ISIS

text: and

text: directed

text: their

text: affiliates

text: to

text: cut

text: off

text: all

text: ties

text: with

text: this

text: organization

text: Many

text: analysts[who

text: believe

text: that

text: because

text: of

text: this

text: schism

text: Al

text: Qaeda

text: and

text: ISIL

text: are

text: now

text: in

text: a

text: competition

text: to

text: retain

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: powerful

text: terrorist

text: organization

question: Which civil war did the Iraq branch of Al Qaeda begin fighting in?

answer: Syrian

text: Syrian

question: With support from Syrians, what did the Iraq branch of Al Qaeda rename themselves to?

answer: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS/ISIL)

text: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS/ISIL)

question: What part of Iraq did ISIS invade?

answer: western

text: western

question: Who denounced ISIS?

answer: Al Qaeda's core organization

text: Al Qaeda's core organization

question: What relationship do Al Qaeda and ISIS now have?

answer: competition

text: competition

question: What group split the Iraq insurgency and Syrian Civil War?

question: What group publicly denounced al-Qaeda?

text: ISIS

question: Which two groups do analysts believe have combined?

text: Al Qaeda and ISIL

question: Where is ISIS's core organization?

text: Central Asia

question: What country did Syria covertly invade?

text: Iraq


text: Since the 1988 Education Reform Act, parents have a right to choose which school their child should go to or whether to not send them to school at all and to home educate them instead. The concept of "school choice" introduces the idea of competition between state schools, a fundamental change to the original "neighbourhood comprehensive" model, and is partly intended as a means by which schools that are perceived to be inferior are forced either to improve or, if hardly anyone wants to go there, to close down. Government policy is currently promoting 'specialisation' whereby parents choose a secondary school appropriate for their child's interests and skills. Most initiatives focus on parental choice and information, implementing a pseudo-market incentive to encourage better schools. This logic has underpinned the controversial league tables of school performance.

title: Comprehensive_school

title: Comprehensive_school

text: Since

text: the

text: Education

text: Reform

text: Act

text: parents

text: have

text: a

text: right

text: to

text: choose

text: which

text: school

text: their

text: child

text: should

text: go

text: to

text: or

text: whether

text: to

text: not

text: send

text: them

text: to

text: school

text: at

text: all

text: and

text: to

text: home

text: educate

text: them

text: instead

text: The

text: concept

text: of

text: school

text: choice

text: introduces

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: competition

text: between

text: state

text: schools

text: a

text: fundamental

text: change

text: to

text: the

text: original

text: neighbourhood

text: comprehensive

text: model

text: and

text: is

text: partly

text: intended

text: as

text: a

text: means

text: by

text: which

text: schools

text: that

text: are

text: perceived

text: to

text: be

text: inferior

text: are

text: forced

text: either

text: to

text: improve

text: or

text: if

text: hardly

text: anyone

text: wants

text: to

text: go

text: there

text: to

text: close

text: down

text: Government

text: policy

text: is

text: currently

text: promoting

text: specialisation

text: whereby

text: parents

text: choose

text: a

text: secondary

text: school

text: appropriate

text: for

text: their

text: child

text: 's

text: interests

text: and

text: skills

text: Most

text: initiatives

text: focus

text: on

text: parental

text: choice

text: and

text: information

text: implementing

text: a

text: pseudo

text: market

text: incentive

text: to

text: encourage

text: better

text: schools

text: This

text: logic

text: has

text: underpinned

text: the

text: controversial

text: league

text: tables

text: of

text: school

text: performance

question: What law enables parents full control over their child's education?

answer: Education Reform Act

text: Education Reform Act

question: In what year was the Education Reform Act made into law?

answer: 1988

question: What concept does the government currently support for education?

answer: specialisation

text: specialisation

question: Parental choice has informed what controversial practice?

answer: league tables of school performance

text: league tables of school performance

question: What law disables parents full control over their child's education?

text: Education Reform Act

question: What law enables parents no control over their child's education?

text: Education Reform Act

question: In what year was the Education Reform Act scrapped?

question: What concept does the government currently not support for education?

text: specialisation

question: Parental choice hasn't informed what controversial practice?

text: league tables of school performance


text: Nigeria is a Federal Republic modelled after the United States, with executive power exercised by the president. It is influenced by the Westminster System model[citation needed] in the composition and management of the upper and lower houses of the bicameral legislature. The president presides as both Head of State and head of the national executive; the leader is elected by popular vote to a maximum of two 4-year terms. In the March 28, 2015 presidential election, General Muhammadu Buhari emerged victorious to become the Federal President of Nigeria, defeating then incumbent Goodluck Jonathan.

title: Nigeria

title: Nigeria

text: Nigeria

text: is

text: a

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: modelled

text: after

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: executive

text: power

text: exercised

text: by

text: the

text: president

text: It

text: is

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: Westminster

text: System

text: model[citation

text: needed

text: in

text: the

text: composition

text: and

text: management

text: of

text: the

text: upper

text: and

text: lower

text: houses

text: of

text: the

text: bicameral

text: legislature

text: The

text: president

text: presides

text: as

text: both

text: Head

text: of

text: State

text: and

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: national

text: executive

text: the

text: leader

text: is

text: elected

text: by

text: popular

text: vote

text: to

text: a

text: maximum

text: of

text: two

text: terms

text: In

text: the

text: March

text: presidential

text: election

text: General

text: Muhammadu

text: Buhari

text: emerged

text: victorious

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: Federal

text: President

text: of

text: Nigeria

text: defeating

text: then

text: incumbent

text: Goodluck

text: Jonathan

question: What is Nigeria's form of government?

answer: Federal Republic

text: Federal Republic

question: What houses does the Nigerian legislature have?

answer: upper and lower

text: upper and lower

question: How many times can a Nigerian president be elected?

answer: two 4-year terms

text: two 4-year terms

question: Who won the 2015 Nigerian presidential election?

answer: General Muhammadu Buhari

text: General Muhammadu Buhari

question: Who lost the 2015 Nigerian presidential election?

answer: Goodluck Jonathan

text: Goodluck Jonathan


text: During the summer growing season, phosphate is at a high level. It has a vital role in the breakdown of the sugars manufactured by chlorophyll. But in the fall, phosphate, along with the other chemicals and nutrients, moves out of the leaf into the stem of the plant. When this happens, the sugar-breakdown process changes, leading to the production of anthocyanin pigments. The brighter the light during this period, the greater the production of anthocyanins and the more brilliant the resulting color display. When the days of autumn are bright and cool, and the nights are chilly but not freezing, the brightest colorations usually develop.

title: Red

title: Red

text: During

text: the

text: summer

text: growing

text: season

text: phosphate

text: is

text: at

text: a

text: high

text: level

text: It

text: has

text: a

text: vital

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: breakdown

text: of

text: the

text: sugars

text: manufactured

text: by

text: chlorophyll

text: But

text: in

text: the

text: fall

text: phosphate

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: other

text: chemicals

text: and

text: nutrients

text: moves

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: leaf

text: into

text: the

text: stem

text: of

text: the

text: plant

text: When

text: this

text: happens

text: the

text: sugar

text: breakdown

text: process

text: changes

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: anthocyanin

text: pigments

text: The

text: brighter

text: the

text: light

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: the

text: greater

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: anthocyanins

text: and

text: the

text: more

text: brilliant

text: the

text: resulting

text: color

text: display

text: When

text: the

text: days

text: of

text: autumn

text: are

text: bright

text: and

text: cool

text: and

text: the

text: nights

text: are

text: chilly

text: but

text: not

text: freezing

text: the

text: brightest

text: colorations

text: usually

text: develop

question: At which period of the year are phosphates high?

answer: the summer growing season

text: the summer growing season

question: What causes sugar created by chlorophyll to breakdown?

answer: phosphate

text: phosphate

question: Where does phosphate within a leaf move in the fall?

answer: the stem of the plant

text: the stem of the plant

question: What is created in fall when phosphates retreat to the stems of plants?

answer: anthocyanin pigments

text: anthocyanin pigments

question: What occurs in bright light to leaves during fall?

answer: greater the production of anthocyanins

text: greater the production of anthocyanins

question: What does chlorophyll have a vital role in breaking down?

text: sugars

question: What moves from the leaf into the stem during the summer?

text: phosphate

question: What does the chloropyll breakdown process lead to?

text: the production of anthocyanin pigments

question: What leads to the production of anthocyanin chlorophyll pigments?


text: Philadelphia's an annualized unemployment rate was 7.8% in 2014, down from 10.0%the previous year. This is higher than the national average of 6.2%. Similarly, the rate of new jobs added to the city's economy lagged behind the national job growth. In 2014, about 8,800 jobs were added to the city's economy. Sectors with the largest number of jobs added were in education and health services, leisure and hospitality, and professional and business services. Declines were seen in the city's manufacturing and government sectors.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: Philadelphia

text: 's

text: an

text: annualized

text: unemployment

text: rate

text: was

text: in

text: down

text: from

text: previous

text: year

text: This

text: is

text: higher

text: than

text: the

text: national

text: average

text: of

text: Similarly

text: the

text: rate

text: of

text: new

text: jobs

text: added

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: economy

text: lagged

text: behind

text: the

text: national

text: job

text: growth

text: In

text: about

text: jobs

text: were

text: added

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: economy

text: Sectors

text: with

text: the

text: largest

text: number

text: of

text: jobs

text: added

text: were

text: in

text: education

text: and

text: health

text: services

text: leisure

text: and

text: hospitality

text: and

text: professional

text: and

text: business

text: services

text: Declines

text: were

text: seen

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: manufacturing

text: and

text: government

text: sectors

question: Unemployment rate in 2014?

answer: 7.8%

question: What was the average unemployment rate in the U.S. in 2014?

answer: 6.2%

question: How many jobs were gained in 2014?

answer: 8,800

question: What industries accounted for most of the city's job gains?

answer: education and health services, leisure and hospitality, and professional and business services

text: education and health services, leisure and hospitality, and professional and business services

question: What industries suffered declines?

answer: manufacturing and government

text: manufacturing and government


text: When people define and talk about a particular conception of race, they create a social reality through which social categorization is achieved. In this sense, races are said to be social constructs. These constructs develop within various legal, economic, and sociopolitical contexts, and may be the effect, rather than the cause, of major social situations. While race is understood to be a social construct by many, most scholars agree that race has real material effects in the lives of people through institutionalized practices of preference and discrimination.

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: When

text: people

text: define

text: and

text: talk

text: about

text: a

text: particular

text: conception

text: of

text: race

text: they

text: create

text: a

text: social

text: reality

text: through

text: which

text: social

text: categorization

text: is

text: achieved

text: In

text: this

text: sense

text: races

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: be

text: social

text: constructs

text: These

text: constructs

text: develop

text: within

text: various

text: legal

text: economic

text: and

text: sociopolitical

text: contexts

text: and

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: effect

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: cause

text: of

text: major

text: social

text: situations

text: While

text: race

text: is

text: understood

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: social

text: construct

text: by

text: many

text: most

text: scholars

text: agree

text: that

text: race

text: has

text: real

text: material

text: effects

text: in

text: the

text: lives

text: of

text: people

text: through

text: institutionalized

text: practices

text: of

text: preference

text: and

text: discrimination

question: How do people create a social reality in which social categorization is achieved?

answer: define and talk about a particular conception of race

text: define and talk about a particular conception of race

question: What can be said to be a social construct?

answer: races

text: races

question: What contexts do racial social constructs develop within?

answer: legal, economic, and sociopolitical

text: legal, economic, and sociopolitical

question: Constructs may be the result rather than the inciter of what?

answer: major social situations

text: major social situations

question: What effect does race have in the lives of people?

answer: real material

text: real material


text: At the concluding Treaty of Utrecht, Philip renounced his and his descendants' right to the French throne and Spain lost its empire in Europe. The British Empire was territorially enlarged: from France, Britain gained Newfoundland and Acadia, and from Spain, Gibraltar and Minorca. Gibraltar became a critical naval base and allowed Britain to control the Atlantic entry and exit point to the Mediterranean. Spain also ceded the rights to the lucrative asiento (permission to sell slaves in Spanish America) to Britain.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: At

text: the

text: concluding

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Utrecht

text: Philip

text: renounced

text: his

text: and

text: his

text: descendants

text: right

text: to

text: the

text: French

text: throne

text: and

text: Spain

text: lost

text: its

text: empire

text: in

text: Europe

text: The

text: British

text: Empire

text: was

text: territorially

text: enlarged

text: from

text: France

text: Britain

text: gained

text: Newfoundland

text: and

text: Acadia

text: and

text: from

text: Spain

text: Gibraltar

text: and

text: Minorca

text: Gibraltar

text: became

text: a

text: critical

text: naval

text: base

text: and

text: allowed

text: Britain

text: to

text: control

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: entry

text: and

text: exit

text: point

text: to

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Spain

text: also

text: ceded

text: the

text: rights

text: to

text: the

text: lucrative

text: asiento

text: permission

text: to

text: sell

text: slaves

text: in

text: Spanish

text: America

text: to

text: Britain

question: King Philip renounced his right to the throne after what treaty?

answer: Treaty of Utrecht

text: Treaty of Utrecht

question: Which country did Britain acquire Newfoundland and Acadia from?

answer: France

text: France

question: Which country did Britain acquire Gibraltar and Minorca from?

answer: Spain

text: Spain

question: Which colony allowed Britain to control the Atlantic entry and exit point to the Mediterranean?

answer: permission to sell slaves in Spanish America

text: permission to sell slaves in Spanish America

question: What was the Spanish term for permission to sell slaves in Spanish America?

answer: asiento

text: asiento


text: Bird migration is the regular seasonal movement, often north and south along a flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds. Many species of bird migrate. Migration carries high costs in predation and mortality, including from hunting by humans, and is driven primarily by availability of food. It occurs mainly in the northern hemisphere, where birds are funnelled on to specific routes by natural barriers such as the Mediterranean Sea or the Caribbean Sea.

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: Bird

text: migration

text: is

text: the

text: regular

text: seasonal

text: movement

text: often

text: north

text: and

text: south

text: along

text: a

text: flyway

text: between

text: breeding

text: and

text: wintering

text: grounds

text: Many

text: species

text: of

text: bird

text: migrate

text: Migration

text: carries

text: high

text: costs

text: in

text: predation

text: and

text: mortality

text: including

text: from

text: hunting

text: by

text: humans

text: and

text: is

text: driven

text: primarily

text: by

text: availability

text: of

text: food

text: It

text: occurs

text: mainly

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: hemisphere

text: where

text: birds

text: are

text: funnelled

text: on

text: to

text: specific

text: routes

text: by

text: natural

text: barriers

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: Sea

text: or

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: Sea

question: Where does migration mainly occur?

answer: the northern hemisphere

text: the northern hemisphere

question: Why do birds primarily migrate?

answer: availability of food

text: availability of food

question: Which birds migrate?

answer: Many species

text: Many species

question: What is bird migration?

answer: the regular seasonal movement, often north and south along a flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds

text: the regular seasonal movement, often north and south along a flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds

question: What is a cause of death to birds during migration?

answer: humans

text: humans