text: USB 2.0 devices use a special protocol during reset, called chirping, to negotiate the high bandwidth mode with the host/hub. A device that is HS capable first connects as an FS device (D+ pulled high), but upon receiving a USB RESET (both D+ and D− driven LOW by host for 10 to 20 ms) it pulls the D− line high, known as chirp K. This indicates to the host that the device is high bandwidth. If the host/hub is also HS capable, it chirps (returns alternating J and K states on D− and D+ lines) letting the device know that the hub operates at high bandwidth. The device has to receive at least three sets of KJ chirps before it changes to high bandwidth terminations and begins high bandwidth signaling. Because USB 3.0 uses wiring separate and additional to that used by USB 2.0 and USB 1.x, such bandwidth negotiation is not required.

title: USB

title: USB

text: USB

text: devices

text: use

text: a

text: special

text: protocol

text: during

text: reset

text: called

text: chirping

text: to

text: negotiate

text: the

text: high

text: bandwidth

text: mode

text: with

text: the

text: host

text: hub

text: A

text: device

text: that

text: is

text: HS

text: capable

text: first

text: connects

text: as

text: an

text: FS

text: device

text: D+

text: pulled

text: high

text: but

text: upon

text: receiving

text: a

text: USB

text: RESET

text: both

text: D+

text: and

text: D−

text: driven

text: LOW

text: by

text: host

text: for

text: to

text: ms

text: it

text: pulls

text: the

text: D−

text: line

text: high

text: known

text: as

text: chirp

text: K.

text: This

text: indicates

text: to

text: the

text: host

text: that

text: the

text: device

text: is

text: high

text: bandwidth

text: If

text: the

text: host

text: hub

text: is

text: also

text: HS

text: capable

text: it

text: chirps

text: returns

text: alternating

text: J

text: and

text: K

text: states

text: on

text: D−

text: and

text: D+

text: lines

text: letting

text: the

text: device

text: know

text: that

text: the

text: hub

text: operates

text: at

text: high

text: bandwidth

text: The

text: device

text: has

text: to

text: receive

text: at

text: least

text: three

text: sets

text: of

text: KJ

text: chirps

text: before

text: it

text: changes

text: to

text: high

text: bandwidth

text: terminations

text: and

text: begins

text: high

text: bandwidth

text: signaling

text: Because

text: USB

text: uses

text: wiring

text: separate

text: and

text: additional

text: to

text: that

text: used

text: by

text: USB

text: and

text: USB

text: such

text: bandwidth

text: negotiation

text: is

text: not

text: required

question: What type of protocol is used for USB 2.0 devices during a reset?

answer: a special protocol

text: a special protocol

question: What is the special protocol during a USB 2.0 device reset called?

answer: chirping

text: chirping

question: A device that is HS capable first connects as a what?

answer: an FS device (D+ pulled high)

text: an FS device (D+ pulled high)


text: The Department of the Air Force is one of three military departments within the Department of Defense, and is managed by the civilian Secretary of the Air Force, under the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of Defense. The senior officials in the Office of the Secretary are the Under Secretary of the Air Force, four Assistant Secretaries of the Air Force and the General Counsel, all of whom are appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. The senior uniformed leadership in the Air Staff is made up of the Chief of Staff of the Air Force and the Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force.

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: The

text: Department

text: of

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: three

text: military

text: departments

text: within

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: Defense

text: and

text: is

text: managed

text: by

text: the

text: civilian

text: Secretary

text: of

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: under

text: the

text: authority

text: direction

text: and

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: Secretary

text: of

text: Defense

text: The

text: senior

text: officials

text: in

text: the

text: Office

text: of

text: the

text: Secretary

text: are

text: the

text: Under

text: Secretary

text: of

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: four

text: Assistant

text: Secretaries

text: of

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: and

text: the

text: General

text: Counsel

text: all

text: of

text: whom

text: are

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: President

text: with

text: the

text: advice

text: and

text: consent

text: of

text: the

text: Senate

text: The

text: senior

text: uniformed

text: leadership

text: in

text: the

text: Air

text: Staff

text: is

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: the

text: Chief

text: of

text: Staff

text: of

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: and

text: the

text: Vice

text: Chief

text: of

text: Staff

text: of

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

question: Who is the Department of the Air Force managed by?

answer: Secretary of the Air Force

text: Secretary of the Air Force

question: Who does the Secretary of the Air Force report to?

answer: Secretary of Defense

text: Secretary of Defense

question: Who appoints the top positions in the USAF, including the Assistant Secretaries and General Council?

answer: President

text: President

question: Upon whom does the President call on for support in his appointments to the USAF?

answer: Senate

text: Senate

question: Who does the senior leadership roles in the USAF include?

answer: Chief of Staff of the Air Force and the Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force

text: Chief of Staff of the Air Force and the Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force


text: In 2008, Forbes magazine named Oklahoma City the most "recession proof city in America". The magazine reported that the city had falling unemployment, one of the strongest housing markets in the country and solid growth in energy, agriculture and manufacturing. However, during the early 1980s, Oklahoma City had one of the worst job and housing markets due to the bankruptcy of Penn Square Bank in 1982 and then the post-1985 crash in oil prices.[citation needed]

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: In

text: Forbes

text: magazine

text: named

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: the

text: most

text: recession

text: proof

text: city

text: in

text: America

text: The

text: magazine

text: reported

text: that

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: falling

text: unemployment

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: strongest

text: housing

text: markets

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: solid

text: growth

text: in

text: energy

text: agriculture

text: and

text: manufacturing

text: However

text: during

text: the

text: early

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: had

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: worst

text: job

text: and

text: housing

text: markets

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: bankruptcy

text: of

text: Penn

text: Square

text: Bank

text: in

text: and

text: then

text: the

text: crash

text: in

text: oil

text: prices.[citation

text: needed

question: What year did forbes list Oklahoma city as "recession proof".

answer: 2008

question: When did Penn Square Bank go bankrupt?

answer: 1982

question: What year did the oil crash?

answer: 1985


text: Eritrea can be split into three ecoregions. To the east of the highlands are the hot, arid coastal plains stretching down to the southeast of the country. The cooler, more fertile highlands, reaching up to 3000m has a different habitat. Habitats here vary from the sub-tropical rainforest at Filfil Solomona to the precipitous cliffs and canyons of the southern highlands. The Afar Triangle or Danakil Depression of Eritrea is the probable location of a triple junction where three tectonic plates are pulling away from one another.The highest point of the country, Emba Soira, is located in the center of Eritrea, at 3,018 meters (9,902 ft) above sea level.

title: Eritrea

title: Eritrea

text: Eritrea

text: can

text: be

text: split

text: into

text: three

text: ecoregions

text: To

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: highlands

text: are

text: the

text: hot

text: arid

text: coastal

text: plains

text: stretching

text: down

text: to

text: the

text: southeast

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: The

text: cooler

text: more

text: fertile

text: highlands

text: reaching

text: up

text: to

text: m

text: has

text: a

text: different

text: habitat

text: Habitats

text: here

text: vary

text: from

text: the

text: sub

text: tropical

text: rainforest

text: at

text: Filfil

text: Solomona

text: to

text: the

text: precipitous

text: cliffs

text: and

text: canyons

text: of

text: the

text: southern

text: highlands

text: The

text: Afar

text: Triangle

text: or

text: Danakil

text: Depression

text: of

text: Eritrea

text: is

text: the

text: probable

text: location

text: of

text: a

text: triple

text: junction

text: where

text: three

text: tectonic

text: plates

text: are

text: pulling

text: away

text: from

text: one

text: another

text: The

text: highest

text: point

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Emba

text: Soira

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: Eritrea

text: at

text: meters

text: ft

text: above

text: sea

text: level

question: How many ecoregions make up Eritrea?

answer: three

text: three

question: What is the highest point in Eritrea?

answer: Emba Soira

text: Emba Soira

question: Where is Emba Soira located?

answer: in the center of Eritrea

text: in the center of Eritrea

question: How high is Emba Soira?

answer: 3,018 meters (9,902 ft) above sea level

text: 3,018 meters (9,902 ft) above sea level

question: What is the probably location in Eritrea where three tectonic plates are pulling away from each other?

answer: The Afar Triangle or Danakil Depression

text: The Afar Triangle or Danakil Depression

question: How high is Filfil Solomona above sea level?

question: What is the low point of Eritrea?

text: Emba Soira

question: What is located in the Danakil Depression?

text: rainforest

question: What is the climate of the Afar Triangle?

text: hot, arid


text: In 1882, Albert Zahm (John Zahm's brother) built an early wind tunnel used to compare lift to drag of aeronautical models. Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message. In 1931, Father Julius Nieuwland performed early work on basic reactions that was used to create neoprene. Study of nuclear physics at the university began with the building of a nuclear accelerator in 1936, and continues now partly through a partnership in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics.

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

text: In

text: Albert

text: Zahm

text: John

text: Zahm

text: 's

text: brother

text: built

text: an

text: early

text: wind

text: tunnel

text: used

text: to

text: compare

text: lift

text: to

text: drag

text: of

text: aeronautical

text: models

text: Around

text: Professor

text: Jerome

text: Green

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: American

text: to

text: send

text: a

text: wireless

text: message

text: In

text: Father

text: Julius

text: Nieuwland

text: performed

text: early

text: work

text: on

text: basic

text: reactions

text: that

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: create

text: neoprene

text: Study

text: of

text: nuclear

text: physics

text: at

text: the

text: university

text: began

text: with

text: the

text: building

text: of

text: a

text: nuclear

text: accelerator

text: in

text: and

text: continues

text: now

text: partly

text: through

text: a

text: partnership

text: in

text: the

text: Joint

text: Institute

text: for

text: Nuclear

text: Astrophysics

question: What did the brother of John Zahm construct at Notre Dame?

answer: an early wind tunnel

text: an early wind tunnel

question: In what year did Albert Zahm begin comparing aeronatical models at Notre Dame?

answer: 1882

question: Which professor sent the first wireless message in the USA?

answer: Professor Jerome Green

text: Professor Jerome Green

question: In what year did Jerome Green send his first wireless message?

answer: Around 1899

text: Around 1899

question: Which individual worked on projects at Notre Dame that eventually created neoprene?

answer: Father Julius Nieuwland

text: Father Julius Nieuwland


text: The Shunga Empire or Shunga Empire was an ancient Indian dynasty from Magadha that controlled vast areas of the Indian subcontinent from around 187 to 78 BCE. The dynasty was established by Pushyamitra Shunga, after the fall of the Maurya Empire. Its capital was Pataliputra, but later emperors such as Bhagabhadra also held court at Besnagar, modern Vidisha in Eastern Malwa. Pushyamitra Shunga ruled for 36 years and was succeeded by his son Agnimitra. There were ten Shunga rulers. The empire is noted for its numerous wars with both foreign and indigenous powers. They fought battles with the Kalingas, Satavahanas, the Indo-Greeks, and possibly the Panchalas and Mathuras. Art, education, philosophy, and other forms of learning flowered during this period including small terracotta images, larger stone sculptures, and architectural monuments such as the Stupa at Bharhut, and the renowned Great Stupa at Sanchi. The Shunga rulers helped to establish the tradition of royal sponsorship of learning and art. The script used by the empire was a variant of Brahmi and was used to write the Sanskrit language. The Shunga Empire played an imperative role in patronizing Indian culture at a time when some of the most important developments in Hindu thought were taking place.

title: History_of_India

title: History_of_India

text: The

text: Shunga

text: Empire

text: or

text: Shunga

text: Empire

text: was

text: an

text: ancient

text: Indian

text: dynasty

text: from

text: Magadha

text: that

text: controlled

text: vast

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: from

text: around

text: to

text: BCE

text: The

text: dynasty

text: was

text: established

text: by

text: Pushyamitra

text: Shunga

text: after

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: the

text: Maurya

text: Empire

text: Its

text: capital

text: was

text: Pataliputra

text: but

text: later

text: emperors

text: such

text: as

text: Bhagabhadra

text: also

text: held

text: court

text: at

text: Besnagar

text: modern

text: Vidisha

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Malwa

text: Pushyamitra

text: Shunga

text: ruled

text: for

text: years

text: and

text: was

text: succeeded

text: by

text: his

text: son

text: Agnimitra

text: There

text: were

text: ten

text: Shunga

text: rulers

text: The

text: empire

text: is

text: noted

text: for

text: its

text: numerous

text: wars

text: with

text: both

text: foreign

text: and

text: indigenous

text: powers

text: They

text: fought

text: battles

text: with

text: the

text: Kalingas

text: Satavahanas

text: the

text: Indo

text: Greeks

text: and

text: possibly

text: the

text: Panchalas

text: and

text: Mathuras

text: Art

text: education

text: philosophy

text: and

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: learning

text: flowered

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: including

text: small

text: terracotta

text: images

text: larger

text: stone

text: sculptures

text: and

text: architectural

text: monuments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Stupa

text: at

text: Bharhut

text: and

text: the

text: renowned

text: Great

text: Stupa

text: at

text: Sanchi

text: The

text: Shunga

text: rulers

text: helped

text: to

text: establish

text: the

text: tradition

text: of

text: royal

text: sponsorship

text: of

text: learning

text: and

text: art

text: The

text: script

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: empire

text: was

text: a

text: variant

text: of

text: Brahmi

text: and

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: write

text: the

text: Sanskrit

text: language

text: The

text: Shunga

text: Empire

text: played

text: an

text: imperative

text: role

text: in

text: patronizing

text: Indian

text: culture

text: at

text: a

text: time

text: when

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: developments

text: in

text: Hindu

text: thought

text: were

text: taking

text: place

question: What was the time span of the Shunga Empire?

answer: 187 to 78 BCE

text: 187 to 78 BCE

question: Who founded the Shuga empire after the fall of the Maurya empire?

answer: Pushyamitra Shunga

text: Pushyamitra Shunga

question: How long did Pushyamitra Shunga rule?

answer: 36 years

text: 36 years

question: What script variant was used to write the Sanskrit language?

answer: Brahmi

text: Brahmi

question: What tradition did Shunga rulers help begin?

answer: sponsorship of learning and art

text: sponsorship of learning and art


text: The first settlers primarily came from England, its Caribbean colony of Barbados, and its Atlantic colony of Bermuda. Among these were free people of color, born in the West Indies of alliances and marriages between Africans and Englanders, when color lines were looser among the working class in the early colonial years, and some wealthy whites took black consorts or concubines. Charles Town attracted a mixture of ethnic and religious groups. French, Scottish, Irish, and Germans migrated to the developing seacoast town, representing numerous Protestant denominations. Because of the battles between English "royalty" and the Roman Catholic Church, practicing Catholics were not allowed to settle in South Carolina until after the American Revolution. Jews were allowed, and Sephardic Jews migrated to the city in such numbers that by the beginning of the 19th century, the city was home to the largest and wealthiest Jewish community in North America—a status it held until about 1830.

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

text: The

text: first

text: settlers

text: primarily

text: came

text: from

text: England

text: its

text: Caribbean

text: colony

text: of

text: Barbados

text: and

text: its

text: Atlantic

text: colony

text: of

text: Bermuda

text: Among

text: these

text: were

text: free

text: people

text: of

text: color

text: born

text: in

text: the

text: West

text: Indies

text: of

text: alliances

text: and

text: marriages

text: between

text: Africans

text: and

text: Englanders

text: when

text: color

text: lines

text: were

text: looser

text: among

text: the

text: working

text: class

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: colonial

text: years

text: and

text: some

text: wealthy

text: whites

text: took

text: black

text: consorts

text: or

text: concubines

text: Charles

text: Town

text: attracted

text: a

text: mixture

text: of

text: ethnic

text: and

text: religious

text: groups

text: French

text: Scottish

text: Irish

text: and

text: Germans

text: migrated

text: to

text: the

text: developing

text: seacoast

text: town

text: representing

text: numerous

text: Protestant

text: denominations

text: Because

text: of

text: the

text: battles

text: between

text: English

text: royalty

text: and

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: practicing

text: Catholics

text: were

text: not

text: allowed

text: to

text: settle

text: in

text: South

text: Carolina

text: until

text: after

text: the

text: American

text: Revolution

text: Jews

text: were

text: allowed

text: and

text: Sephardic

text: Jews

text: migrated

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: in

text: such

text: numbers

text: that

text: by

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: wealthiest

text: Jewish

text: community

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: a

text: status

text: it

text: held

text: until

text: about

question: What religious group was not allowed to settle in South Carolina?

answer: Catholics

text: Catholics

question: About what year did Charleston cease to have the wealthiest Jewish community in America?

answer: 1830

question: What European country did many of the first Charleston settlers come from?

answer: England

text: England

question: After what war did the state ban on Catholics end?

answer: American Revolution

text: American Revolution

question: Along with Bermuda, what other English colony did many settlers come from?

answer: Barbados

text: Barbados

question: What religious group was allowed to settle in South Carolina?

text: Catholics

question: About what year did Charleston begin to have the wealthiest Jewish community in America?

question: What European country did few of the first Charleston settlers come from?

text: England

question: After what war did the state ban on Catholics begin?

text: American Revolution

question: Along with Bermuda, what other English colony did few settlers come from?

text: Barbados


text: Twilight Princess received the awards for Best Artistic Design, Best Original Score, and Best Use of Sound from IGN for its GameCube version. Both IGN and Nintendo Power gave Twilight Princess the awards for Best Graphics and Best Story. Twilight Princess received Game of the Year awards from GameTrailers, 1UP.com, Electronic Gaming Monthly, Game Informer, Games Radar, GameSpy, Spacey Awards, X-Play and Nintendo Power. It was also given awards for Best Adventure Game from the Game Critics Awards, X-Play, IGN, GameTrailers, 1UP.com, and Nintendo Power. The game was considered the Best Console Game by the Game Critics Awards and GameSpy. The game placed 16th in Official Nintendo Magazine's list of the 100 Greatest Nintendo Games of All Time. IGN ranked the game as the 4th-best Wii game. Nintendo Power ranked the game as the third-best game to be released on a Nintendo system in the 2000s decade.

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

text: Twilight

text: Princess

text: received

text: the

text: awards

text: for

text: Best

text: Artistic

text: Design

text: Best

text: Original

text: Score

text: and

text: Best

text: Use

text: of

text: Sound

text: from

text: IGN

text: for

text: its

text: GameCube

text: version

text: Both

text: IGN

text: and

text: Nintendo

text: Power

text: gave

text: Twilight

text: Princess

text: the

text: awards

text: for

text: Best

text: Graphics

text: and

text: Best

text: Story

text: Twilight

text: Princess

text: received

text: Game

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: awards

text: from

text: GameTrailers

text: Electronic

text: Gaming

text: Monthly

text: Game

text: Informer

text: Games

text: Radar

text: GameSpy

text: Spacey

text: Awards

text: X

text: Play

text: and

text: Nintendo

text: Power

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: given

text: awards

text: for

text: Best

text: Adventure

text: Game

text: from

text: the

text: Game

text: Critics

text: Awards

text: X

text: Play

text: IGN

text: GameTrailers

text: and

text: Nintendo

text: Power

text: The

text: game

text: was

text: considered

text: the

text: Best

text: Console

text: Game

text: by

text: the

text: Game

text: Critics

text: Awards

text: and

text: GameSpy

text: The

text: game

text: placed

text: in

text: Official

text: Nintendo

text: Magazine

text: 's

text: list

text: of

text: the

text: Greatest

text: Nintendo

text: Games

text: of

text: All

text: Time

text: IGN

text: ranked

text: the

text: game

text: as

text: the

text: best

text: Wii

text: game

text: Nintendo

text: Power

text: ranked

text: the

text: game

text: as

text: the

text: third

text: best

text: game

text: to

text: be

text: released

text: on

text: a

text: Nintendo

text: system

text: in

text: the

text: decade

question: The version of Twilight Princess fo which console won three IGN awards?

answer: GameCube

text: GameCube

question: What was Twilight Princess's rank among all Nintendo games according to Nintendo Magazine?

answer: 16th

question: Where did Twilight Princess place among Wii titles according to IGN?

answer: 4th

question: Where did Twilight Princess rank on Nintendo Power's list of Nintendo games in the 2000s?

answer: third

text: third

question: What 2 critics gave Twilight Princess awards for Best Graphics and Best Story?

answer: IGN and Nintendo Power

text: IGN and Nintendo Power

question: What award did Game Critics Awards and GameSpy give Twilight Princess?

answer: Best Console Game

text: Best Console Game

question: What place did the game take in Nintendo's Official list of 100 Greatest Nintendo Games of All Time?

answer: 16th

question: What place did IGN give the game on the Wii console?

answer: 4th

question: What was Game Radar's rank among all Nintendo games according to Nintendo Magazine?

question: Where did Twilight Princess place among Nintendo Power titles according to IGN?

question: Where did Twilight Princess rank on Game Radar's list of Nintendo games in the 2000s?

text: third

question: What 2 critics gave Game Radar awards for Best Graphics and Best Story?

text: IGN and Nintendo Power

question: What award did Game Radars Awards and GameSpy give Twilight Princess?

text: Best Console Game


text: Like any plucked instrument, mandolin notes decay to silence rather than sound out continuously as with a bowed note on a violin, and mandolin notes decay faster than larger stringed instruments like the guitar. This encourages the use of tremolo (rapid picking of one or more pairs of strings) to create sustained notes or chords. The mandolin's paired strings facilitate this technique: the plectrum (pick) strikes each of a pair of strings alternately, providing a more full and continuous sound than a single string would.

title: Mandolin

title: Mandolin

text: Like

text: any

text: plucked

text: instrument

text: mandolin

text: notes

text: decay

text: to

text: silence

text: rather

text: than

text: sound

text: out

text: continuously

text: as

text: with

text: a

text: bowed

text: note

text: on

text: a

text: violin

text: and

text: mandolin

text: notes

text: decay

text: faster

text: than

text: larger

text: stringed

text: instruments

text: like

text: the

text: guitar

text: This

text: encourages

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: tremolo

text: rapid

text: picking

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: pairs

text: of

text: strings

text: to

text: create

text: sustained

text: notes

text: or

text: chords

text: The

text: mandolin

text: 's

text: paired

text: strings

text: facilitate

text: this

text: technique

text: the

text: plectrum

text: pick

text: strikes

text: each

text: of

text: a

text: pair

text: of

text: strings

text: alternately

text: providing

text: a

text: more

text: full

text: and

text: continuous

text: sound

text: than

text: a

text: single

text: string

text: would

question: What happens to mandolin notes when plucked?

answer: decay to silence

text: decay to silence

question: Do mandolin notes decay faster or slower than larger string instruments?

answer: faster

text: faster

question: What is tremolo?

answer: rapid picking of one or more pairs of strings

text: rapid picking of one or more pairs of strings

question: What parts of the mandolin faciliate the tremolo technique?

answer: paired strings

text: paired strings

question: What is a plectrum?

answer: pick

text: pick

question: What do mandolin notes do rather than decay to silence?

text: sound out continuously

question: What is another word for tremolo?

text: picking

question: What do notes on a violin sound like rather sounding out continuously?

text: decay to silence

question: What happens to mandolin notes when not plucked?

text: decay to silence

question: Do mandolin notes decay faster or slower than smaller string instruments?

text: faster

question: What is trameolo?

question: What parts of the mandolin don't facilitate the tremolo technique?

text: paired strings

question: What is a slectrum?

text: pick


text: From their beginnings in Sumer (now Iraq) around 3500 BC, the Mesopotamian people began to attempt to record some observations of the world with numerical data. But their observations and measurements were seemingly taken for purposes other than for elucidating scientific laws. A concrete instance of Pythagoras' law was recorded, as early as the 18th century BC: the Mesopotamian cuneiform tablet Plimpton 322 records a number of Pythagorean triplets (3,4,5) (5,12,13). ..., dated 1900 BC, possibly millennia before Pythagoras,  but an abstract formulation of the Pythagorean theorem was not.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: From

text: their

text: beginnings

text: in

text: Sumer

text: now

text: Iraq

text: around

text: BC

text: the

text: Mesopotamian

text: people

text: began

text: to

text: attempt

text: to

text: record

text: some

text: observations

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: numerical

text: data

text: But

text: their

text: observations

text: and

text: measurements

text: were

text: seemingly

text: taken

text: for

text: purposes

text: other

text: than

text: for

text: elucidating

text: scientific

text: laws

text: A

text: concrete

text: instance

text: of

text: Pythagoras

text: law

text: was

text: recorded

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: the

text: century

text: BC

text: the

text: Mesopotamian

text: cuneiform

text: tablet

text: Plimpton

text: records

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: Pythagorean

text: triplets

text: dated

text: BC

text: possibly

text: millennia

text: before

text: Pythagoras

text: but

text: an

text: abstract

text: formulation

text: of

text: the

text: Pythagorean

text: theorem

text: was

text: not

question: Where did the Mesopotamian people originate from?

answer: Sumer

text: Sumer

question: How far back do the Mesopotamian people go?

answer: 3500 BC

text: 3500 BC

question: What did the Mesopotamian use to record data about the world around them?

answer: numerical data

text: numerical data

question: What was the earliest recording of Pythagoras' law?

answer: 18th century BC

text: 18th century BC

question: Which tablet had Pythagorean triplets on it?

answer: Plimpton 322

text: Plimpton 322


text: While these preparations were underway in the North, there were frequent clashes along the 38th parallel, especially at Kaesong and Ongjin, many initiated by the South. The Republic of Korea Army (ROK Army) was being trained by the U.S. Korean Military Advisory Group (KMAG). On the eve of war, KMAG's commander General William Lynn Roberts voiced utmost confidence in the ROK Army and boasted that any North Korean invasion would merely provide "target practice". For his part, Syngman Rhee repeatedly expressed his desire to conquer the North, including when American diplomat John Foster Dulles visited Korea on 18 June.

title: Korean_War

title: Korean_War

text: While

text: these

text: preparations

text: were

text: underway

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: there

text: were

text: frequent

text: clashes

text: along

text: the

text: parallel

text: especially

text: at

text: Kaesong

text: and

text: Ongjin

text: many

text: initiated

text: by

text: the

text: South

text: The

text: Republic

text: of

text: Korea

text: Army

text: ROK

text: Army

text: was

text: being

text: trained

text: by

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Korean

text: Military

text: Advisory

text: Group

text: KMAG

text: On

text: the

text: eve

text: of

text: war

text: KMAG

text: 's

text: commander

text: General

text: William

text: Lynn

text: Roberts

text: voiced

text: utmost

text: confidence

text: in

text: the

text: ROK

text: Army

text: and

text: boasted

text: that

text: any

text: North

text: Korean

text: invasion

text: would

text: merely

text: provide

text: target

text: practice

text: For

text: his

text: part

text: Syngman

text: Rhee

text: repeatedly

text: expressed

text: his

text: desire

text: to

text: conquer

text: the

text: North

text: including

text: when

text: American

text: diplomat

text: John

text: Foster

text: Dulles

text: visited

text: Korea

text: on

text: June

question: Who primarily initiated the clashes along the 38th parallel?

answer: the South

text: the South

question: What group trained the Republic of Korea army?

answer: U.S. Korean Military Advisory Group

text: U.S. Korean Military Advisory Group

question: What general had a lot of confidence in the Republic of Korea's army?

answer: General William Lynn Roberts

text: General William Lynn Roberts

question: Who wanted to take over North Korea?

answer: Syngman Rhee

text: Syngman Rhee

question: Who was the diplomat that visited Korea?

answer: John Foster Dulles

text: John Foster Dulles


text: A loblolly pine, known as the "Eisenhower Pine", was located on Augusta's 17th hole, approximately 210 yards (192 m) from the Masters tee. President Dwight D. Eisenhower, an Augusta National member, hit the tree so many times that, at a 1956 club meeting, he proposed that it be cut down. Not wanting to offend the president, the club's chairman, Clifford Roberts, immediately adjourned the meeting rather than reject the request. The tree was removed in February 2014 after an ice storm caused it significant damage.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: A

text: loblolly

text: pine

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Eisenhower

text: Pine

text: was

text: located

text: on

text: Augusta

text: 's

text: hole

text: approximately

text: yards

text: m

text: from

text: the

text: Masters

text: tee

text: President

text: Dwight

text: D.

text: Eisenhower

text: an

text: Augusta

text: National

text: member

text: hit

text: the

text: tree

text: so

text: many

text: times

text: that

text: at

text: a

text: club

text: meeting

text: he

text: proposed

text: that

text: it

text: be

text: cut

text: down

text: Not

text: wanting

text: to

text: offend

text: the

text: president

text: the

text: club

text: 's

text: chairman

text: Clifford

text: Roberts

text: immediately

text: adjourned

text: the

text: meeting

text: rather

text: than

text: reject

text: the

text: request

text: The

text: tree

text: was

text: removed

text: in

text: February

text: after

text: an

text: ice

text: storm

text: caused

text: it

text: significant

text: damage

question: At what Augusta hole was the Eisenhower Pine located?

answer: 17th

question: How many meters away from the Masters tee on Augusta's 17th was the Eisenhower Pine?

answer: 192

question: What did Eisenhower want to be done to the Eisenhower Pine?

answer: cut down

text: cut down

question: What damaged the Eisenhower Pine in February 2014?

answer: ice storm

text: ice storm

question: In what year did Eisenhower propose that the pine tree named after him be removed?

answer: 1956


text: The Alps are split into five climatic zones, each with different vegetation. The climate, plant life and animal life vary among the different sections or zones of the mountains. The lowest zone is the colline zone, which exists between 500 and 1,000 m (1,640 and 3,281 ft), depending on the location. The montane zone extends from 800 to 1,700 m (2,625 to 5,577 ft), followed by the sub-Alpine zone from 1,600 to 2,400 m (5,249 to 7,874 ft). The Alpine zone, extending from tree line to snow line, is followed by the glacial zone, which covers the glaciated areas of the mountain. Climatic conditions show variances within the same zones; for example, weather conditions at the head of a mountain valley, extending directly from the peaks, are colder and more severe than those at the mouth of a valley which tend to be less severe and receive less snowfall.

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: The

text: Alps

text: are

text: split

text: into

text: five

text: climatic

text: zones

text: each

text: with

text: different

text: vegetation

text: The

text: climate

text: plant

text: life

text: and

text: animal

text: life

text: vary

text: among

text: the

text: different

text: sections

text: or

text: zones

text: of

text: the

text: mountains

text: The

text: lowest

text: zone

text: is

text: the

text: colline

text: zone

text: which

text: exists

text: between

text: and

text: m

text: and

text: ft

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: location

text: The

text: montane

text: zone

text: extends

text: from

text: to

text: m

text: to

text: ft

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: sub

text: Alpine

text: zone

text: from

text: to

text: m

text: to

text: ft

text: The

text: Alpine

text: zone

text: extending

text: from

text: tree

text: line

text: to

text: snow

text: line

text: is

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: glacial

text: zone

text: which

text: covers

text: the

text: glaciated

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: mountain

text: Climatic

text: conditions

text: show

text: variances

text: within

text: the

text: same

text: zones

text: for

text: example

text: weather

text: conditions

text: at

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: a

text: mountain

text: valley

text: extending

text: directly

text: from

text: the

text: peaks

text: are

text: colder

text: and

text: more

text: severe

text: than

text: those

text: at

text: the

text: mouth

text: of

text: a

text: valley

text: which

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: less

text: severe

text: and

text: receive

text: less

text: snowfall

question: How many zones are the Alps split into?

answer: five climatic zones

text: five climatic zones

question: What is the lowest zone of the Alps called?

answer: colline zone

text: colline zone

question: Where does the lowest zone of the Alps exist?

answer: between 500 and 1,000 m

text: between 500 and 1,000 m

question: Where does the montane zone extend from?

answer: from 800 to 1,700 m

text: from 800 to 1,700 m

question: Where does the sub-Alpine zone extend from?

answer: from 1,600 to 2,400 m

text: from 1,600 to 2,400 m


text: Known as the fraternal birth order (FBO) effect, this theory has been backed up by strong evidence of its prenatal origin, although no evidence thus far has linked it to an exact prenatal mechanism. However, research suggests that this may be of immunological origin, caused by a maternal immune reaction against a substance crucial to male fetal development during pregnancy, which becomes increasingly likely after every male gestation. As a result of this immune effect, alterations in later-born males' prenatal development have been thought to occur. This process, known as the maternal immunization hypothesis (MIH), would begin when cells from a male fetus enter the mother's circulation during pregnancy or while giving birth. These Y-linked proteins would not be recognized in the mother's immune system because she is female, causing her to develop antibodies which would travel through the placental barrier into the fetal compartment. From here, the anti-male bodies would then cross the blood/brain barrier (BBB) of the developing fetal brain, altering sex-dimorphic brain structures relative to sexual orientation, causing the exposed son to be more attracted to men over women.

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: Known

text: as

text: the

text: fraternal

text: birth

text: order

text: FBO

text: effect

text: this

text: theory

text: has

text: been

text: backed

text: up

text: by

text: strong

text: evidence

text: of

text: its

text: prenatal

text: origin

text: although

text: no

text: evidence

text: thus

text: far

text: has

text: linked

text: it

text: to

text: an

text: exact

text: prenatal

text: mechanism

text: However

text: research

text: suggests

text: that

text: this

text: may

text: be

text: of

text: immunological

text: origin

text: caused

text: by

text: a

text: maternal

text: immune

text: reaction

text: against

text: a

text: substance

text: crucial

text: to

text: male

text: fetal

text: development

text: during

text: pregnancy

text: which

text: becomes

text: increasingly

text: likely

text: after

text: every

text: male

text: gestation

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: this

text: immune

text: effect

text: alterations

text: in

text: later

text: born

text: males

text: prenatal

text: development

text: have

text: been

text: thought

text: to

text: occur

text: This

text: process

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: maternal

text: immunization

text: hypothesis

text: MIH

text: would

text: begin

text: when

text: cells

text: from

text: a

text: male

text: fetus

text: enter

text: the

text: mother

text: 's

text: circulation

text: during

text: pregnancy

text: or

text: while

text: giving

text: birth

text: These

text: Y

text: linked

text: proteins

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: recognized

text: in

text: the

text: mother

text: 's

text: immune

text: system

text: because

text: she

text: is

text: female

text: causing

text: her

text: to

text: develop

text: antibodies

text: which

text: would

text: travel

text: through

text: the

text: placental

text: barrier

text: into

text: the

text: fetal

text: compartment

text: From

text: here

text: the

text: anti

text: male

text: bodies

text: would

text: then

text: cross

text: the

text: blood

text: brain

text: barrier

text: BBB

text: of

text: the

text: developing

text: fetal

text: brain

text: altering

text: sex

text: dimorphic

text: brain

text: structures

text: relative

text: to

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: causing

text: the

text: exposed

text: son

text: to

text: be

text: more

text: attracted

text: to

text: men

text: over

text: women

question: What does the FBO effect stand for?

answer: fraternal birth order

text: fraternal birth order

question: What does this theory entail?

answer: prenatal origin, although no evidence thus far has linked it to an exact prenatal mechanism

text: prenatal origin, although no evidence thus far has linked it to an exact prenatal mechanism

question: What does research show about the FBO effect?

answer: this may be of immunological origin, caused by a maternal immune reaction against a substance crucial to male fetal development during pregnancy,

text: this may be of immunological origin, caused by a maternal immune reaction against a substance crucial to male fetal development during pregnancy,

question: What does MIH stand for?

answer: maternal immunization hypothesis

text: maternal immunization hypothesis

question: What does BBB stand for?

answer: blood/brain barrier

text: blood/brain barrier


text: In the 18th century, the Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail "the Bloodthirsty" (1672–1727) raised a corps of 150,000 black slaves, called his Black Guard, who coerced the country into submission.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: Moroccan

text: Sultan

text: Moulay

text: Ismail

text: the

text: Bloodthirsty

text: raised

text: a

text: corps

text: of

text: black

text: slaves

text: called

text: his

text: Black

text: Guard

text: who

text: coerced

text: the

text: country

text: into

text: submission

question: When did Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail live?

answer: (1672–1727)

question: How many black slaves did he own?

answer: 150,000

question: What did he call his slave army?

answer: Black Guard

text: Black Guard

question: What did the Black Guard do?

answer: coerced the country into submission.

text: coerced the country into submission.

question: When did the Black Guard exist?

answer: In the 18th century

text: In the 18th century


text: New York City has been described as the cultural capital of the world by the diplomatic consulates of Iceland and Latvia and by New York's Baruch College. A book containing a series of essays titled New York, culture capital of the world, 1940–1965 has also been published as showcased by the National Library of Australia. In describing New York, author Tom Wolfe said, "Culture just seems to be in the air, like part of the weather."

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: cultural

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: the

text: diplomatic

text: consulates

text: of

text: Iceland

text: and

text: Latvia

text: and

text: by

text: New

text: York

text: 's

text: Baruch

text: College

text: A

text: book

text: containing

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: essays

text: titled

text: New

text: York

text: culture

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: published

text: as

text: showcased

text: by

text: the

text: National

text: Library

text: of

text: Australia

text: In

text: describing

text: New

text: York

text: author

text: Tom

text: Wolfe

text: said

text: Culture

text: just

text: seems

text: to

text: be

text: in

text: the

text: air

text: like

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: weather

question: Who commented on New York that "culture just seems to be in the air, like part of the weather"?

answer: Tom Wolfe

text: Tom Wolfe

question: In what library can the book New York, culture capital of the world, 1940–1965 be found?

answer: the National Library of Australia

text: the National Library of Australia

question: What institution of higher education has described New York as the cultural capital of the world?

answer: Baruch College

text: Baruch College

question: Along with Latvia, the consulate of what country has called New York the cultural capital of the world?

answer: Iceland

text: Iceland


text: Most commercial paper sold in North America is cut to standard paper sizes based on customary units and is defined by the length and width of a sheet of paper.

title: Paper

title: Paper

text: Most

text: commercial

text: paper

text: sold

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: is

text: cut

text: to

text: standard

text: paper

text: sizes

text: based

text: on

text: customary

text: units

text: and

text: is

text: defined

text: by

text: the

text: length

text: and

text: width

text: of

text: a

text: sheet

text: of

text: paper

question: Commercial paper is commonly defined by what?

answer: length and width

text: length and width

question: Most commercial paper in North America is cut in what manner?

answer: standard paper sizes

text: standard paper sizes

question: Standard paper sizes are usually described with what terms?

answer: length and width

text: length and width

question: How is most paper sold in South America?

question: How is paper cut for sale in South America?

question: Based on what type of units is North America cut for sale?

text: customary

question: What is defined by the length and moistness of paper?

text: standard paper sizes

question: Commercial paper is not commonly defined by what?

text: length and width

question: Most commercial paper in South America is cut in what manner?

text: standard paper sizes

question: Standard paper sizes are never described with what terms?

text: length and width


text: The study of plants is vital because they underpin almost all animal life on Earth by generating a large proportion of the oxygen and food that provide humans and other organisms with aerobic respiration with the chemical energy they need to exist. Plants, algae and cyanobacteria are the major groups of organisms that carry out photosynthesis, a process that uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars that can be used both as a source of chemical energy and of organic molecules that are used in the structural components of cells. As a by-product of photosynthesis, plants release oxygen into the atmosphere, a gas that is required by nearly all living things to carry out cellular respiration. In addition, they are influential in the global carbon and water cycles and plant roots bind and stabilise soils, preventing soil erosion. Plants are crucial to the future of human society as they provide food, oxygen, medicine, and products for people, as well as creating and preserving soil.

title: Botany

title: Botany

text: The

text: study

text: of

text: plants

text: is

text: vital

text: because

text: they

text: underpin

text: almost

text: all

text: animal

text: life

text: on

text: Earth

text: by

text: generating

text: a

text: large

text: proportion

text: of

text: the

text: oxygen

text: and

text: food

text: that

text: provide

text: humans

text: and

text: other

text: organisms

text: with

text: aerobic

text: respiration

text: with

text: the

text: chemical

text: energy

text: they

text: need

text: to

text: exist

text: Plants

text: algae

text: and

text: cyanobacteria

text: are

text: the

text: major

text: groups

text: of

text: organisms

text: that

text: carry

text: out

text: photosynthesis

text: a

text: process

text: that

text: uses

text: the

text: energy

text: of

text: sunlight

text: to

text: convert

text: water

text: and

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: into

text: sugars

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: both

text: as

text: a

text: source

text: of

text: chemical

text: energy

text: and

text: of

text: organic

text: molecules

text: that

text: are

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: structural

text: components

text: of

text: cells

text: As

text: a

text: by

text: product

text: of

text: photosynthesis

text: plants

text: release

text: oxygen

text: into

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: a

text: gas

text: that

text: is

text: required

text: by

text: nearly

text: all

text: living

text: things

text: to

text: carry

text: out

text: cellular

text: respiration

text: In

text: addition

text: they

text: are

text: influential

text: in

text: the

text: global

text: carbon

text: and

text: water

text: cycles

text: and

text: plant

text: roots

text: bind

text: and

text: stabilise

text: soils

text: preventing

text: soil

text: erosion

text: Plants

text: are

text: crucial

text: to

text: the

text: future

text: of

text: human

text: society

text: as

text: they

text: provide

text: food

text: oxygen

text: medicine

text: and

text: products

text: for

text: people

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: creating

text: and

text: preserving

text: soil

question: Why are plants important to human life?

answer: oxygen and food

text: oxygen and food

question: What is the process that converts sunlight to energy?

answer: photosynthesis

text: photosynthesis

question: What is used to rebuild cells?

answer: organic molecules

text: organic molecules

question: What vital element is a byproduct of photosynthesis?

answer: oxygen

text: oxygen

question: What do plant roots prevent?

answer: soil erosion

text: soil erosion


text: The Quranic content is concerned with basic Islamic beliefs including the existence of God and the resurrection. Narratives of the early prophets, ethical and legal subjects, historical events of Muhammad's time, charity and prayer also appear in the Quran. The Quranic verses contain general exhortations regarding right and wrong and historical events are related to outline general moral lessons. Verses pertaining to natural phenomena have been interpreted by Muslims as an indication of the authenticity of the Quranic message.

title: Quran

title: Quran

text: The

text: Quranic

text: content

text: is

text: concerned

text: with

text: basic

text: Islamic

text: beliefs

text: including

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: God

text: and

text: the

text: resurrection

text: Narratives

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: prophets

text: ethical

text: and

text: legal

text: subjects

text: historical

text: events

text: of

text: Muhammad

text: 's

text: time

text: charity

text: and

text: prayer

text: also

text: appear

text: in

text: the

text: Quran

text: The

text: Quranic

text: verses

text: contain

text: general

text: exhortations

text: regarding

text: right

text: and

text: wrong

text: and

text: historical

text: events

text: are

text: related

text: to

text: outline

text: general

text: moral

text: lessons

text: Verses

text: pertaining

text: to

text: natural

text: phenomena

text: have

text: been

text: interpreted

text: by

text: Muslims

text: as

text: an

text: indication

text: of

text: the

text: authenticity

text: of

text: the

text: Quranic

text: message

question: Quranic verses concerning which phenomena are thought by Muslims to authenticate its contents?

answer: natural

text: natural

question: What types of events are related in the Quran in support of its moral teachings?

answer: historical

text: historical

question: Historical narratives from whose time period are unique to the Quran among holy books?

answer: Muhammad's

text: Muhammad's

question: Quranic verses concerning which phenomena are thought by Muslims to unauthenticate its contents?

text: natural

question: Quranic verses concerning which phenomena are thought by Jews to authenticate its contents?

text: natural

question: What types of events aren't related in the Quran in support of its moral teachings?

text: historical

question: What types of events are unrelated in the Quran in support of its moral teachings?

text: historical

question: Historical narratives from whose time period aren't unique to the Quran among holy books?

text: Muhammad's


text: Eight days later, on February 28, 1969, came the events for which Kerry was awarded his Silver Star Medal. On this occasion, Kerry was in tactical command of his Swift boat and two other Swift boats during a combat operation. Their mission on the Duong Keo River included bringing an underwater demolition team and dozens of South Vietnamese Marines to destroy enemy sampans, structures and bunkers as described in the story The Death Of PCF 43. Running into heavy small arms fire from the river banks, Kerry "directed the units to turn to the beach and charge the Viet Cong positions" and he "expertly directed" his boat's fire causing the enemy to flee while at the same time coordinating the insertion of the ninety South Vietnamese troops (according to the original medal citation signed by Admiral Zumwalt). Moving a short distance upstream, Kerry's boat was the target of a B-40 rocket round; Kerry charged the enemy positions and as his boat hove to and beached, a Viet Cong ("VC") insurgent armed with a rocket launcher emerged from a spider hole and ran. While the boat's gunner opened fire, wounding the VC in the leg, and while the other boats approached and offered cover fire, Kerry jumped from the boat to pursue the VC insurgent, subsequently killing him and capturing his loaded rocket launcher.

title: John_Kerry

title: John_Kerry

text: Eight

text: days

text: later

text: on

text: February

text: came

text: the

text: events

text: for

text: which

text: Kerry

text: was

text: awarded

text: his

text: Silver

text: Star

text: Medal

text: On

text: this

text: occasion

text: Kerry

text: was

text: in

text: tactical

text: command

text: of

text: his

text: Swift

text: boat

text: and

text: two

text: other

text: Swift

text: boats

text: during

text: a

text: combat

text: operation

text: Their

text: mission

text: on

text: the

text: Duong

text: Keo

text: River

text: included

text: bringing

text: an

text: underwater

text: demolition

text: team

text: and

text: dozens

text: of

text: South

text: Vietnamese

text: Marines

text: to

text: destroy

text: enemy

text: sampans

text: structures

text: and

text: bunkers

text: as

text: described

text: in

text: the

text: story

text: The

text: Death

text: Of

text: PCF

text: Running

text: into

text: heavy

text: small

text: arms

text: fire

text: from

text: the

text: river

text: banks

text: Kerry

text: directed

text: the

text: units

text: to

text: turn

text: to

text: the

text: beach

text: and

text: charge

text: the

text: Viet

text: Cong

text: positions

text: and

text: he

text: expertly

text: directed

text: his

text: boat

text: 's

text: fire

text: causing

text: the

text: enemy

text: to

text: flee

text: while

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: coordinating

text: the

text: insertion

text: of

text: the

text: ninety

text: South

text: Vietnamese

text: troops

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: original

text: medal

text: citation

text: signed

text: by

text: Admiral

text: Zumwalt

text: Moving

text: a

text: short

text: distance

text: upstream

text: Kerry

text: 's

text: boat

text: was

text: the

text: target

text: of

text: a

text: rocket

text: round

text: Kerry

text: charged

text: the

text: enemy

text: positions

text: and

text: as

text: his

text: boat

text: hove

text: to

text: and

text: beached

text: a

text: Viet

text: Cong

text: VC

text: insurgent

text: armed

text: with

text: a

text: rocket

text: launcher

text: emerged

text: from

text: a

text: spider

text: hole

text: and

text: ran

text: While

text: the

text: boat

text: 's

text: gunner

text: opened

text: fire

text: wounding

text: the

text: VC

text: in

text: the

text: leg

text: and

text: while

text: the

text: other

text: boats

text: approached

text: and

text: offered

text: cover

text: fire

text: Kerry

text: jumped

text: from

text: the

text: boat

text: to

text: pursue

text: the

text: VC

text: insurgent

text: subsequently

text: killing

text: him

text: and

text: capturing

text: his

text: loaded

text: rocket

text: launcher

question: When did Kerry earn a Silver Star?

answer: February 28, 1969

text: February 28, 1969

question: Where did Kerry earn a Silver Star?

answer: the Duong Keo River

text: the Duong Keo River

question: How many swift boats did Kerry command?

answer: his Swift boat and two other Swift boats

text: his Swift boat and two other Swift boats

question: Who awarded the Silver Star to Kerry?

answer: Admiral Zumwalt

text: Admiral Zumwalt

question: What story described the events of Feb 28, 1969?

answer: The Death Of PCF 43

text: The Death Of PCF 43


text: Though Jehovah's Witnesses do not accept blood transfusions of whole blood, they may accept some blood plasma fractions at their own discretion. The Watch Tower Society provides pre-formatted durable power of attorney documents prohibiting major blood components, in which members can specify which allowable fractions and treatments they will personally accept. Jehovah's Witnesses have established Hospital Liaison Committees as a cooperative arrangement between individual Jehovah's Witnesses and medical professionals and hospitals.

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

text: Though

text: Jehovah

text: 's

text: Witnesses

text: do

text: not

text: accept

text: blood

text: transfusions

text: of

text: whole

text: blood

text: they

text: may

text: accept

text: some

text: blood

text: plasma

text: fractions

text: at

text: their

text: own

text: discretion

text: The

text: Watch

text: Tower

text: Society

text: provides

text: pre

text: formatted

text: durable

text: power

text: of

text: attorney

text: documents

text: prohibiting

text: major

text: blood

text: components

text: in

text: which

text: members

text: can

text: specify

text: which

text: allowable

text: fractions

text: and

text: treatments

text: they

text: will

text: personally

text: accept

text: Jehovah

text: 's

text: Witnesses

text: have

text: established

text: Hospital

text: Liaison

text: Committees

text: as

text: a

text: cooperative

text: arrangement

text: between

text: individual

text: Jehovah

text: 's

text: Witnesses

text: and

text: medical

text: professionals

text: and

text: hospitals

question: What are Jehovah Witnesses allowed to accept at their discretion?

answer: blood plasma fractions

text: blood plasma fractions

question: What pre-formatted durable power of attorney documents are provided by the Watch Tower Society to prohibit?

answer: major blood components

text: major blood components

question: What can Jehovah's Witnesses' members specify on the canned legal forms from the WTS?

answer: allowable fractions and treatments they will personally accept

text: allowable fractions and treatments they will personally accept

question: What cooperative arrangement did Jehovah's Witnesses establish?

answer: Hospital Liaison Committees

text: Hospital Liaison Committees

question: The Hospital Liaison Committees serve to bridge between hospitals, medical professionals and who?

answer: individual Jehovah's Witnesses

text: individual Jehovah's Witnesses

question: What is one of the Protestant religions who are fine with blood transfusions?

text: Jehovah's Witnesses

question: Who decides what the limit is for allowable fractions of blood plasma fractions?

text: Watch Tower Society

question: What is one of the career paths many Jehovah's Witnesses choose to take?

text: medical professionals

question: Who do most Witnesses get guidance from in regards to how much blood plasma fractions they are willing to accept?

text: Watch Tower Society


text: Load testing is primarily concerned with testing that the system can continue to operate under a specific load, whether that be large quantities of data or a large number of users. This is generally referred to as software scalability. The related load testing activity of when performed as a non-functional activity is often referred to as endurance testing. Volume testing is a way to test software functions even when certain components (for example a file or database) increase radically in size. Stress testing is a way to test reliability under unexpected or rare workloads. Stability testing (often referred to as load or endurance testing) checks to see if the software can continuously function well in or above an acceptable period.

title: Software_testing

title: Software_testing

text: Load

text: testing

text: is

text: primarily

text: concerned

text: with

text: testing

text: that

text: the

text: system

text: can

text: continue

text: to

text: operate

text: under

text: a

text: specific

text: load

text: whether

text: that

text: be

text: large

text: quantities

text: of

text: data

text: or

text: a

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: users

text: This

text: is

text: generally

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: software

text: scalability

text: The

text: related

text: load

text: testing

text: activity

text: of

text: when

text: performed

text: as

text: a

text: non

text: functional

text: activity

text: is

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: endurance

text: testing

text: Volume

text: testing

text: is

text: a

text: way

text: to

text: test

text: software

text: functions

text: even

text: when

text: certain

text: components

text: for

text: example

text: a

text: file

text: or

text: database

text: increase

text: radically

text: in

text: size

text: Stress

text: testing

text: is

text: a

text: way

text: to

text: test

text: reliability

text: under

text: unexpected

text: or

text: rare

text: workloads

text: Stability

text: testing

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: load

text: or

text: endurance

text: testing

text: checks

text: to

text: see

text: if

text: the

text: software

text: can

text: continuously

text: function

text: well

text: in

text: or

text: above

text: an

text: acceptable

text: period

question: What method is used to test software under a specific load?

answer: Load testing

text: Load testing

question: What two methods can be used when using Load Testing?

answer: data or a large number of users

text: data or a large number of users

question: What is called to test software functions when certain components increase in side?

answer: Volume testing

text: Volume testing

question: What is Stable testing also called?

answer: endurance testing

text: endurance testing

question: What method is used to test components under unexpected workloads?

answer: Stress testing

text: Stress testing

question: What method is used to test firmware under a specific load?

text: Load testing

question: What two methods cannot be used when using Load Testing?

text: data or a large number of users

question: Volume Testing is a way to test firmware when?

question: Testing reliability under expected or rare workload is called what?

text: Stress testing


text: It is the world's fourth oldest major film studio, after the renowned French studios Gaumont Film Company and Pathé, and the Danish Nordisk Film company.

title: Universal_Studios

title: Universal_Studios

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: fourth

text: oldest

text: major

text: film

text: studio

text: after

text: the

text: renowned

text: French

text: studios

text: Gaumont

text: Film

text: Company

text: and

text: Pathé

text: and

text: the

text: Danish

text: Nordisk

text: Film

text: company

question: What is the nationality of Pathé?

answer: French

text: French

question: Along with Pathé and the Gaumont Film Company, what major film studio is older then Universal Studios?

answer: Nordisk Film company

text: Nordisk Film company

question: Among major film studies, where does Universal Studios rank in terms of age?

answer: fourth

text: fourth

question: What studios follow Universal for being the oldest?

question: Who does the Pathe Film Company belong to?

text: French

question: Who does the Danish Film Company belong to?

text: Nordisk


text: In 2005, the company sold its personal computer business to Chinese technology company Lenovo, and in the same year it agreed to acquire Micromuse. A year later IBM launched Secure Blue, a low-cost hardware design for data encryption that can be built into a microprocessor. In 2009 it acquired software company SPSS Inc. Later in 2009, IBM's Blue Gene supercomputing program was awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation by U.S. President Barack Obama. In 2011, IBM gained worldwide attention for its artificial intelligence program Watson, which was exhibited on Jeopardy! where it won against game-show champions Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter. As of 2012[update], IBM had been the top annual recipient of U.S. patents for 20 consecutive years.

title: IBM

title: IBM

text: In

text: the

text: company

text: sold

text: its

text: personal

text: computer

text: business

text: to

text: Chinese

text: technology

text: company

text: Lenovo

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: year

text: it

text: agreed

text: to

text: acquire

text: Micromuse

text: A

text: year

text: later

text: IBM

text: launched

text: Secure

text: Blue

text: a

text: low

text: cost

text: hardware

text: design

text: for

text: data

text: encryption

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: built

text: into

text: a

text: microprocessor

text: In

text: it

text: acquired

text: software

text: company

text: SPSS

text: Inc.

text: Later

text: in

text: IBM

text: 's

text: Blue

text: Gene

text: supercomputing

text: program

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: National

text: Medal

text: of

text: Technology

text: and

text: Innovation

text: by

text: U.S.

text: President

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: In

text: IBM

text: gained

text: worldwide

text: attention

text: for

text: its

text: artificial

text: intelligence

text: program

text: Watson

text: which

text: was

text: exhibited

text: on

text: Jeopardy

text: where

text: it

text: won

text: against

text: game

text: show

text: champions

text: Ken

text: Jennings

text: and

text: Brad

text: Rutter

text: As

text: of

text: IBM

text: had

text: been

text: the

text: top

text: annual

text: recipient

text: of

text: U.S.

text: patents

text: for

text: consecutive

text: years

question: IBM sold its personal computer business to what company?

answer: Lenovo

text: Lenovo

question: In what year did IBM sell its personal computer business?

answer: 2005

question: What was the design for low cost data encryption named?

answer: Secure Blue

text: Secure Blue

question: SPSS Inc. was acquired in what year?

answer: 2009

question: This program was awarded the National Medal of Technology and Innovation.

answer: Blue Gene

text: Blue Gene

question: Who did Micromuse sell its personal computer business to?

text: Lenovo

question: In what year did Micromuse sell its business to Lenovo?

question: What design did Micromuse launch that is low-cost and can be built into a microprocessor?

text: Secure Blue

question: What award was given to Micromuse in 2009 for its Blue Gene supercomputing program?

question: What president awarded Micromuse for the Blue Gene program?

text: U.S. President Barack Obama


text: The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) oversees the civic infrastructure of the city's 18 "circles", which together encompass 150 municipal wards. Each ward is represented by a corporator, elected by popular vote. The corporators elect the Mayor, who is the titular head of GHMC; executive powers rest with the Municipal Commissioner, appointed by the state government. The GHMC carries out the city's infrastructural work such as building and maintenance of roads and drains, town planning including construction regulation, maintenance of municipal markets and parks, solid waste management, the issuing of birth and death certificates, the issuing of trade licences, collection of property tax, and community welfare services such as mother and child healthcare, and pre-school and non-formal education. The GHMC was formed in April 2007 by merging the Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad (MCH) with 12 municipalities of the Hyderabad, Ranga Reddy and Medak districts covering a total area of 650 km2 (250 sq mi).:3 In the 2016 municipal election, the Telangana Rashtra Samithi formed the majority and the present Mayor is Bonthu Ram Mohan. The Secunderabad Cantonment Board is a civic administration agency overseeing an area of 40.1 km2 (15.5 sq mi),:93 where there are several military camps.:2 The Osmania University campus is administered independently by the university authority.:93

title: Hyderabad

title: Hyderabad

text: The

text: Greater

text: Hyderabad

text: Municipal

text: Corporation

text: GHMC

text: oversees

text: the

text: civic

text: infrastructure

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: circles

text: which

text: together

text: encompass

text: municipal

text: wards

text: Each

text: ward

text: is

text: represented

text: by

text: a

text: corporator

text: elected

text: by

text: popular

text: vote

text: The

text: corporators

text: elect

text: the

text: Mayor

text: who

text: is

text: the

text: titular

text: head

text: of

text: GHMC

text: executive

text: powers

text: rest

text: with

text: the

text: Municipal

text: Commissioner

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: state

text: government

text: The

text: GHMC

text: carries

text: out

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: infrastructural

text: work

text: such

text: as

text: building

text: and

text: maintenance

text: of

text: roads

text: and

text: drains

text: town

text: planning

text: including

text: construction

text: regulation

text: maintenance

text: of

text: municipal

text: markets

text: and

text: parks

text: solid

text: waste

text: management

text: the

text: issuing

text: of

text: birth

text: and

text: death

text: certificates

text: the

text: issuing

text: of

text: trade

text: licences

text: collection

text: of

text: property

text: tax

text: and

text: community

text: welfare

text: services

text: such

text: as

text: mother

text: and

text: child

text: healthcare

text: and

text: pre

text: school

text: and

text: non

text: formal

text: education

text: The

text: GHMC

text: was

text: formed

text: in

text: April

text: by

text: merging

text: the

text: Municipal

text: Corporation

text: of

text: Hyderabad

text: MCH

text: with

text: municipalities

text: of

text: the

text: Hyderabad

text: Ranga

text: Reddy

text: and

text: Medak

text: districts

text: covering

text: a

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: sq

text: In

text: the

text: municipal

text: election

text: the

text: Telangana

text: Rashtra

text: Samithi

text: formed

text: the

text: majority

text: and

text: the

text: present

text: Mayor

text: is

text: Bonthu

text: Ram

text: Mohan

text: The

text: Secunderabad

text: Cantonment

text: Board

text: is

text: a

text: civic

text: administration

text: agency

text: overseeing

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: sq

text: where

text: there

text: are

text: several

text: military

text: The

text: Osmania

text: University

text: campus

text: is

text: administered

text: independently

text: by

text: the

text: university

question: What is the entity that controls the infrastructure of Hyderabad?

answer: The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC)

text: The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC)

question: How many municipal wards are within Hyderabad?

answer: 150

question: In what year did the GHMC form?

answer: 2007

question: How much area, in square miles, does the GHMC oversee?

answer: 250 sq mi

text: 250 sq mi

question: Which board oversees military areas within Hyderabad?

answer: The Secunderabad Cantonment Board

text: The Secunderabad Cantonment Board


text: The dry lands of Namibia were inhabited since early times by San, Damara, Nama and, since about the 14th century AD, by immigrating Bantu who came with the Bantu expansion from central Africa. From the late 18th century onwards, Orlam clans from the Cape Colony crossed the Orange River and moved into the area that today is southern Namibia. Their encounters with the nomadic Nama tribes were largely peaceful. The missionaries accompanying the Orlams were well received by them, the right to use waterholes and grazing was granted against an annual payment. On their way further northwards, however, the Orlams encountered clans of the Herero tribe at Windhoek, Gobabis, and Okahandja which were less accommodating. The Nama-Herero War broke out in 1880, with hostilities ebbing only when Imperial Germany deployed troops to the contested places and cemented the status quo between Nama, Orlams, and Herero.

title: Namibia

title: Namibia

text: The

text: dry

text: lands

text: of

text: Namibia

text: were

text: inhabited

text: since

text: early

text: times

text: by

text: San

text: Damara

text: Nama

text: and

text: since

text: about

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: by

text: immigrating

text: Bantu

text: who

text: came

text: with

text: the

text: Bantu

text: expansion

text: from

text: central

text: Africa

text: From

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: onwards

text: Orlam

text: clans

text: from

text: the

text: Cape

text: Colony

text: crossed

text: the

text: Orange

text: River

text: and

text: moved

text: into

text: the

text: area

text: that

text: today

text: is

text: southern

text: Namibia

text: Their

text: encounters

text: with

text: the

text: nomadic

text: Nama

text: tribes

text: were

text: largely

text: peaceful

text: The

text: missionaries

text: accompanying

text: the

text: Orlams

text: were

text: well

text: received

text: by

text: them

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: use

text: waterholes

text: and

text: grazing

text: was

text: granted

text: against

text: an

text: annual

text: payment

text: On

text: their

text: way

text: further

text: northwards

text: however

text: the

text: Orlams

text: encountered

text: clans

text: of

text: the

text: Herero

text: tribe

text: at

text: Windhoek

text: Gobabis

text: and

text: Okahandja

text: which

text: were

text: less

text: accommodating

text: The

text: Nama

text: Herero

text: War

text: broke

text: out

text: in

text: with

text: hostilities

text: ebbing

text: only

text: when

text: Imperial

text: Germany

text: deployed

text: troops

text: to

text: the

text: contested

text: places

text: and

text: cemented

text: the

text: status

text: quo

text: between

text: Nama

text: Orlams

text: and

text: Herero

question: Orlam clans crossed which river to migrate to Namibia?

answer: Orange River

text: Orange River

question: What area of Namibia did Orlam clans settle in?

answer: southern Namibia

text: southern Namibia

question: When did Orlam clans settle in Namibia?

answer: 18th century

text: 18th century

question: When did the Nama-Herero war begin?

answer: 1880

question: Who deployed troops to start the Nama-Herero war?

answer: Imperial Germany

text: Imperial Germany

question: What type of people were the San?

text: nomadic

question: In what year did the Nama-Herero War hostilities stop?

question: What type of people were the Damara?

text: nomadic

question: What type of people were the Herero tribe?

text: nomadic


text: In 1807, Thomas Young was possibly the first to use the term "energy" instead of vis viva, in its modern sense. Gustave-Gaspard Coriolis described "kinetic energy" in 1829 in its modern sense, and in 1853, William Rankine coined the term "potential energy". The law of conservation of energy was also first postulated in the early 19th century, and applies to any isolated system. It was argued for some years whether heat was a physical substance, dubbed the caloric, or merely a physical quantity, such as momentum. In 1845 James Prescott Joule discovered the link between mechanical work and the generation of heat.

title: Energy

title: Energy

text: In

text: Thomas

text: Young

text: was

text: possibly

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: term

text: energy

text: instead

text: of

text: vis

text: viva

text: in

text: its

text: modern

text: sense

text: Gustave

text: Gaspard

text: Coriolis

text: described

text: kinetic

text: energy

text: in

text: in

text: its

text: modern

text: sense

text: and

text: in

text: William

text: Rankine

text: coined

text: the

text: term

text: potential

text: energy

text: The

text: law

text: of

text: conservation

text: of

text: energy

text: was

text: also

text: first

text: postulated

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: and

text: applies

text: to

text: any

text: isolated

text: system

text: It

text: was

text: argued

text: for

text: some

text: years

text: whether

text: heat

text: was

text: a

text: physical

text: substance

text: dubbed

text: the

text: caloric

text: or

text: merely

text: a

text: physical

text: quantity

text: such

text: as

text: momentum

text: In

text: James

text: Prescott

text: Joule

text: discovered

text: the

text: link

text: between

text: mechanical

text: work

text: and

text: the

text: generation

text: of

text: heat

question: Who was possibly the first to use the term "energy" instead of vis viva?

answer: Thomas Young

text: Thomas Young

question: When did Thomas Young use the term "energy" instead of vis viva?

answer: 1807

question: Who coined the term "potential energy?"

answer: William Rankine

text: William Rankine

question: Who discovered the link between mechanical work and the generation of heat?

answer: James Prescott Joule

text: James Prescott Joule

question: When was the law of conservation of energy first postulated?

answer: 19th century

text: 19th century

question: Who was definitely the first to use the term "energy" instead of vis viva?

text: Thomas Young

question: When did Newton use the term "energy" instead of vis viva?

question: Who rejected the term "potential energy?"

text: William Rankine

question: Who discovered the link between mechanical work and the reduction of heat?

text: James Prescott Joule

question: When was the law of conservation of physics first postulated?

text: 19th century


text: In a 1992 New York Times article on Feynman and his legacy, James Gleick recounts the story of how Murray Gell-Mann described what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm" or "The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm" to a student: "The student asks Gell-Mann about Feynman's notes. Gell-Mann says no, Dick's methods are not the same as the methods used here. The student asks, well, what are Feynman's methods? Gell-Mann leans coyly against the blackboard and says: Dick's method is this. You write down the problem. You think very hard. (He shuts his eyes and presses his knuckles parodically to his forehead.) Then you write down the answer."

title: Richard_Feynman

title: Richard_Feynman

text: In

text: a

text: New

text: York

text: Times

text: article

text: on

text: Feynman

text: and

text: his

text: legacy

text: James

text: Gleick

text: recounts

text: the

text: story

text: of

text: how

text: Murray

text: Gell

text: Mann

text: described

text: what

text: has

text: become

text: known

text: as

text: The

text: Feynman

text: Algorithm

text: or

text: The

text: Feynman

text: Problem

text: Solving

text: Algorithm

text: to

text: a

text: student

text: The

text: student

text: asks

text: Gell

text: Mann

text: about

text: Feynman

text: 's

text: notes

text: Gell

text: Mann

text: says

text: no

text: Dick

text: 's

text: methods

text: are

text: not

text: the

text: same

text: as

text: the

text: methods

text: used

text: here

text: The

text: student

text: asks

text: well

text: what

text: are

text: Feynman

text: 's

text: methods

text: Gell

text: Mann

text: leans

text: coyly

text: against

text: the

text: blackboard

text: and

text: says

text: Dick

text: 's

text: method

text: is

text: this

text: You

text: write

text: down

text: the

text: problem

text: You

text: think

text: very

text: hard

text: He

text: shuts

text: his

text: eyes

text: and

text: presses

text: his

text: knuckles

text: parodically

text: to

text: his

text: forehead

text: Then

text: you

text: write

text: down

text: the

text: answer

question: Which paper published a story about Feynman in 1992?

answer: New York Times

text: New York Times

question: Who helped tell the 1992 New York Times story about Feynman?

answer: James Gleick

text: James Gleick

question: Gleick told a story about a specific algorithim that Gell-Mann described to a student, what was this algorithim called?

answer: The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm

text: The Feynman Problem-Solving Algorithm

question: Feynman's algorithim included writing the problem, thinking, and then what?

answer: write down the answer

text: write down the answer

question: Which paper published a story about Feynman in 1982?

text: New York Times

question: Who helped tell the 1922 New York Times story about Feynman?

text: James Gleick

question: What newspaper was Feynman never featured in?

text: New York Times

question: Who failed to describe what has become known as "The Feynman Algorithm"?

text: Murray Gell-Mann


text: In June 1986, Madonna released her third studio album, True Blue, which was inspired by and dedicated to Sean Penn. Rolling Stone magazine was generally impressed with the effort, writing that the album "sound[s] as if it comes from the heart". It resulted in three singles making it to number-one on the Billboard Hot 100: "Live to Tell", "Papa Don't Preach" and "Open Your Heart", and two more top-five singles: "True Blue" and "La Isla Bonita". The album topped the charts in over 28 countries worldwide, an unprecedented achievement at the time, and became her best-selling studio album of her career to this date with sales of 25 million. In the same year, Madonna starred in the critically panned film Shanghai Surprise, for which she was awarded the Golden Raspberry Award for "worst actress". She made her theatrical debut in a production of David Rabe's Goose and Tom-Tom; the film and play both co-starred Penn. The next year, Madonna was featured in the film Who's That Girl. She contributed four songs to its soundtrack, including the title track and "Causing a Commotion".

title: Madonna_(entertainer)

title: Madonna_(entertainer

text: In

text: June

text: Madonna

text: released

text: her

text: third

text: studio

text: album

text: True

text: Blue

text: which

text: was

text: inspired

text: by

text: and

text: dedicated

text: to

text: Sean

text: Penn

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: magazine

text: was

text: generally

text: impressed

text: with

text: the

text: effort

text: writing

text: that

text: the

text: album

text: sound[s

text: as

text: if

text: it

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: heart

text: It

text: resulted

text: in

text: three

text: singles

text: making

text: it

text: to

text: number

text: one

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: Live

text: to

text: Tell

text: Papa

text: Do

text: n't

text: Preach

text: and

text: Open

text: Your

text: Heart

text: and

text: two

text: more

text: top

text: five

text: singles

text: True

text: Blue

text: and

text: La

text: Isla

text: Bonita

text: The

text: album

text: topped

text: the

text: charts

text: in

text: over

text: countries

text: worldwide

text: an

text: unprecedented

text: achievement

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: became

text: her

text: best

text: selling

text: studio

text: album

text: of

text: her

text: career

text: to

text: this

text: date

text: with

text: sales

text: of

text: million

text: In

text: the

text: same

text: year

text: Madonna

text: starred

text: in

text: the

text: critically

text: panned

text: film

text: Shanghai

text: Surprise

text: for

text: which

text: she

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: Golden

text: Raspberry

text: Award

text: for

text: worst

text: actress

text: She

text: made

text: her

text: theatrical

text: debut

text: in

text: a

text: production

text: of

text: David

text: Rabe

text: 's

text: Goose

text: and

text: Tom

text: Tom

text: the

text: film

text: and

text: play

text: both

text: co

text: starred

text: Penn

text: The

text: next

text: year

text: Madonna

text: was

text: featured

text: in

text: the

text: film

text: Who

text: 's

text: That

text: Girl

text: She

text: contributed

text: four

text: songs

text: to

text: its

text: soundtrack

text: including

text: the

text: title

text: track

text: and

text: Causing

text: a

text: Commotion

question: When was Madonna's third album released?

answer: June 1986

text: June 1986

question: Who was the album True Blue dedicated to?

answer: Sean Penn

text: Sean Penn

question: Madonna's album topped in how many countries chart worldwide?

answer: 28 countries

text: 28 countries

question: What award did Madonna receive for her role in the film Shanghai Surprise?

answer: Golden Raspberry Award

text: Golden Raspberry Award

question: Name a soundtrack in the film Who's That Girl?

answer: Causing a Commotion

text: Causing a Commotion


text: It has been used for thousands of years for both fuel and as a construction material. It is an organic material, a natural composite of cellulose fibers (which are strong in tension) embedded in a matrix of lignin which resists compression. Wood is sometimes defined as only the secondary xylem in the stems of trees, or it is defined more broadly to include the same type of tissue elsewhere such as in the roots of trees or shrubs.[citation needed] In a living tree it performs a support function, enabling woody plants to grow large or to stand up by themselves. It also conveys water and nutrients between the leaves, other growing tissues, and the roots. Wood may also refer to other plant materials with comparable properties, and to material engineered from wood, or wood chips or fiber.

title: Wood

title: Wood

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: for

text: thousands

text: of

text: years

text: for

text: both

text: fuel

text: and

text: as

text: a

text: construction

text: material

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: organic

text: material

text: a

text: natural

text: composite

text: of

text: cellulose

text: fibers

text: which

text: are

text: strong

text: in

text: tension

text: embedded

text: in

text: a

text: matrix

text: of

text: lignin

text: which

text: resists

text: compression

text: Wood

text: is

text: sometimes

text: defined

text: as

text: only

text: the

text: secondary

text: xylem

text: in

text: the

text: stems

text: of

text: trees

text: or

text: it

text: is

text: defined

text: more

text: broadly

text: to

text: include

text: the

text: same

text: type

text: of

text: tissue

text: elsewhere

text: such

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: roots

text: of

text: trees

text: or

text: shrubs.[citation

text: needed

text: In

text: a

text: living

text: tree

text: it

text: performs

text: a

text: support

text: function

text: enabling

text: woody

text: plants

text: to

text: grow

text: large

text: or

text: to

text: stand

text: up

text: by

text: themselves

text: It

text: also

text: conveys

text: water

text: and

text: nutrients

text: between

text: the

text: leaves

text: other

text: growing

text: tissues

text: and

text: the

text: roots

text: Wood

text: may

text: also

text: refer

text: to

text: other

text: plant

text: materials

text: with

text: comparable

text: properties

text: and

text: to

text: material

text: engineered

text: from

text: wood

text: or

text: wood

text: chips

text: or

text: fiber

question: In addition to being used to build things, what has wood been used for over thousands of years?

answer: fuel

text: fuel

question: What kind of strong fibers are part of the composite of wood?

answer: cellulose

text: cellulose

question: What's the matrix in wood made up of?

answer: lignin

text: lignin

question: What one word describes the function wood provides to a tree or plant?

answer: support

text: support

question: What does wood convey to leaves, roots, and other tissues of a woody plant in addition to water?

answer: nutrients

text: nutrients


text: Madonna was criticized for her performance of "Like a Virgin" at the first 1984 MTV Video Music Awards (VMA). She appeared on stage atop a giant wedding cake, wearing a wedding dress and white gloves. The performance is noted by MTV as an iconic moment in VMA history. In later years, Madonna commented that she was terrified of the performance. The next hit was "Material Girl" promoted by her video, a mimicry of Marilyn Monroe's performance of the song "Diamonds Are a Girl's Best Friend" from the 1953 film Gentlemen Prefer Blondes. While filming this video, Madonna started dating actor Sean Penn. They married on her birthday in 1985. Like a Virgin was certified diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America and sold more than 25 million copies worldwide. In February 1984, according to the film director Sir Richard Attenborough, Madonna auditioned at the Royale Theatre on Broadway for a dance role in his movie version of A Chorus Line using her birth-name of Ciccone, but he rejected her.

title: Madonna_(entertainer)

title: Madonna_(entertainer

text: Madonna

text: was

text: criticized

text: for

text: her

text: performance

text: of

text: Like

text: a

text: Virgin

text: at

text: the

text: first

text: MTV

text: Video

text: Music

text: Awards

text: VMA

text: She

text: appeared

text: on

text: stage

text: atop

text: a

text: giant

text: wedding

text: cake

text: wearing

text: a

text: wedding

text: dress

text: and

text: white

text: gloves

text: The

text: performance

text: is

text: noted

text: by

text: MTV

text: as

text: an

text: iconic

text: moment

text: in

text: VMA

text: history

text: In

text: later

text: years

text: Madonna

text: commented

text: that

text: she

text: was

text: terrified

text: of

text: the

text: performance

text: The

text: next

text: hit

text: was

text: Material

text: Girl

text: promoted

text: by

text: her

text: video

text: a

text: mimicry

text: of

text: Marilyn

text: Monroe

text: 's

text: performance

text: of

text: the

text: song

text: Diamonds

text: Are

text: a

text: Girl

text: 's

text: Best

text: Friend

text: from

text: the

text: film

text: Gentlemen

text: Prefer

text: Blondes

text: While

text: filming

text: this

text: video

text: Madonna

text: started

text: dating

text: actor

text: Sean

text: Penn

text: They

text: married

text: on

text: her

text: birthday

text: in

text: Like

text: a

text: Virgin

text: was

text: certified

text: diamond

text: by

text: the

text: Recording

text: Industry

text: Association

text: of

text: America

text: and

text: sold

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: copies

text: worldwide

text: In

text: February

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: film

text: director

text: Sir

text: Richard

text: Attenborough

text: Madonna

text: auditioned

text: at

text: the

text: Royale

text: Theatre

text: on

text: Broadway

text: for

text: a

text: dance

text: role

text: in

text: his

text: movie

text: version

text: of

text: A

text: Chorus

text: Line

text: using

text: her

text: birth

text: name

text: of

text: Ciccone

text: but

text: he

text: rejected

text: her

question: Madonna was criticized for her performance of which song in the VMA?

answer: "Like a Virgin"

text: "Like a Virgin"

question: What was Madonna wearing during the performance of "Like A Virgin" at the VMA?

answer: a wedding dress

text: a wedding dress

question: Her video of "Material Girl" was an imitation of which singer's song, "Diamonds are a girl's best friend?"

answer: Marilyn Monroe

text: Marilyn Monroe

question: When did Madonna married Sean Penn?

answer: on her birthday in 1985

text: on her birthday in 1985

question: When did Madonna audition for a dance role in the show "A Chorus Line?"

answer: February 1984

text: February 1984


text: The birthplace of IBM, Endicott, suffered pollution for decades, however. IBM used liquid cleaning agents in circuit board assembly operation for more than two decades, and six spills and leaks were recorded, including one leak in 1979 of 4,100 gallons from an underground tank. These left behind volatile organic compounds in the town's soil and aquifer. Traces of volatile organic compounds have been identified in Endicott’s drinking water, but the levels are within regulatory limits. Also, from 1980, IBM has pumped out 78,000 gallons of chemicals, including trichloroethane, freon, benzene and perchloroethene to the air and allegedly caused several cancer cases among the townspeople. IBM Endicott has been identified by the Department of Environmental Conservation as the major source of pollution, though traces of contaminants from a local dry cleaner and other polluters were also found. Remediation and testing are ongoing, however according to city officials, tests show that the water is safe to drink.

title: IBM

title: IBM

text: The

text: birthplace

text: of

text: IBM

text: Endicott

text: suffered

text: pollution

text: for

text: decades

text: however

text: IBM

text: used

text: liquid

text: cleaning

text: agents

text: in

text: circuit

text: board

text: assembly

text: operation

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: two

text: decades

text: and

text: six

text: spills

text: and

text: leaks

text: were

text: recorded

text: including

text: one

text: leak

text: in

text: of

text: gallons

text: from

text: an

text: underground

text: tank

text: These

text: left

text: behind

text: volatile

text: organic

text: compounds

text: in

text: the

text: town

text: 's

text: soil

text: and

text: aquifer

text: Traces

text: of

text: volatile

text: organic

text: compounds

text: have

text: been

text: identified

text: in

text: Endicott

text: ’s

text: drinking

text: water

text: but

text: the

text: levels

text: are

text: within

text: regulatory

text: limits

text: Also

text: from

text: IBM

text: has

text: pumped

text: out

text: gallons

text: of

text: chemicals

text: including

text: trichloroethane

text: freon

text: benzene

text: and

text: perchloroethene

text: to

text: the

text: air

text: and

text: allegedly

text: caused

text: several

text: cancer

text: cases

text: among

text: the

text: townspeople

text: IBM

text: Endicott

text: has

text: been

text: identified

text: by

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: Environmental

text: Conservation

text: as

text: the

text: major

text: source

text: of

text: pollution

text: though

text: traces

text: of

text: contaminants

text: from

text: a

text: local

text: dry

text: cleaner

text: and

text: other

text: polluters

text: were

text: also

text: found

text: Remediation

text: and

text: testing

text: are

text: ongoing

text: however

text: according

text: to

text: city

text: officials

text: tests

text: show

text: that

text: the

text: water

text: is

text: safe

text: to

text: drink

question: What location is the birthplace of IBM?

answer: Endicott

text: Endicott

question: How many gallons of liquid cleaning agent leaked from an IBM facility in 1979?

answer: 4,100 gallons

text: 4,100 gallons

question: How long did IBM use liquid cleaning agents for circuit board manufacturing?

answer: more than two decades

text: more than two decades

question: Starting in 1980 how many gallons of chemicals did IBM pump into the air?

answer: 78,000 gallons

text: 78,000 gallons

question: IBM was identified by what department as a major source of pollution?

answer: Department of Environmental Conservation

text: Department of Environmental Conservation

question: What has drinking water been contaminated with for decades, making it unsafe in Endicott?

text: volatile organic compounds

question: When did freon leak from an underground tank in Endicott?

question: How many gallons of freon leaked into the town's soil in 1979?

question: How many people were diagnosed with cancer in 1980 near Endicott?

question: What was a local dry cleaner found to be the main source of in 1979?

text: pollution