text: Until the 20th century, there was no clear record of the number of Venezuelans who emigrated to the United States. Between the 18th and early 19th centuries, there were many European immigrants who went to Venezuela, only to later migrate to the United States along with their children and grandchildren who born and/or grew up in Venezuela speaking Spanish. From 1910 to 1930, it is estimated that over 4,000 South Americans each year emigrated to the United States; however, there are few specific figures indicating these statistics. Many Venezuelans settled in the United States with hopes of receiving a better education, only to remain in there following graduation. They are frequently joined by relatives. However, since the early 1980s, the reasons for Venezuelan emigration have changed to include hopes of earning a higher salary and due to the economic fluctuations in Venezuela which also promoted an important migration of Venezuelan professionals to the US.

title: Spanish_language_in_the_United_States

title: Spanish_language_in_the_United_States

text: Until

text: the

text: century

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: clear

text: record

text: of

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: Venezuelans

text: who

text: emigrated

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Between

text: the

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: there

text: were

text: many

text: European

text: immigrants

text: who

text: went

text: to

text: Venezuela

text: only

text: to

text: later

text: migrate

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: along

text: with

text: their

text: children

text: and

text: grandchildren

text: who

text: born

text: and/or

text: grew

text: up

text: in

text: Venezuela

text: speaking

text: Spanish

text: From

text: to

text: it

text: is

text: estimated

text: that

text: over

text: South

text: Americans

text: each

text: year

text: emigrated

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: however

text: there

text: are

text: few

text: specific

text: figures

text: indicating

text: these

text: statistics

text: Many

text: Venezuelans

text: settled

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: hopes

text: of

text: receiving

text: a

text: better

text: education

text: only

text: to

text: remain

text: in

text: there

text: following

text: graduation

text: They

text: are

text: frequently

text: joined

text: by

text: relatives

text: However

text: since

text: the

text: early

text: the

text: reasons

text: for

text: Venezuelan

text: emigration

text: have

text: changed

text: to

text: include

text: hopes

text: of

text: earning

text: a

text: higher

text: salary

text: and

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: economic

text: fluctuations

text: in

text: Venezuela

text: which

text: also

text: promoted

text: an

text: important

text: migration

text: of

text: Venezuelan

text: professionals

text: to

text: the

text: US

question: When did the Venezuelans emigrate to the united states?

answer: Until the 20th century, there was no clear record of the number of Venezuelans who emigrated to the United States.

text: Until the 20th century, there was no clear record of the number of Venezuelans who emigrated to the United States.

question: Does Venezuela have immigrates from other countries?

answer: Between the 18th and early 19th centuries, there were many European immigrants who went to Venezuela

text: Between the 18th and early 19th centuries, there were many European immigrants who went to Venezuela

question: Why did Venezuelans come to America?

answer: Many Venezuelans settled in the United States with hopes of receiving a better education, only to remain in there following graduation.

text: Many Venezuelans settled in the United States with hopes of receiving a better education, only to remain in there following graduation.

question: Do Venezuelans still come to America for the same reasons as they did before?

answer: since the early 1980s, the reasons for Venezuelan emigration have changed to include hopes of earning a higher salary

text: since the early 1980s, the reasons for Venezuelan emigration have changed to include hopes of earning a higher salary

question: When did the Venezuelans emmigrate to Mexico?

text: the 20th century

question: Why did Europeans come to America?

question: Since when has European immigration included hopes of a higher salary?

text: early 1980s

question: How many South Americans emigrated to Mexico from 1910 to 1930?

text: over 4,000

question: When did Europenan immigrants go to Venezuela and later to Mexico?


text: The "Jeltoqsan" (Kazakh for "December") of 1986 were riots in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, sparked by Gorbachev's dismissal of Dinmukhamed Konayev, the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Kazakhstan and an ethnic Kazakh, who was replaced with Gennady Kolbin, an outsider from the Russian SFSR. Demonstrations started in the morning of December 17, 1986, with 200 to 300 students in front of the Central Committee building on Brezhnev Square protesting Konayev's dismissal and replacement by a Russian. Protesters swelled to 1,000 to 5,000 as other students joined the crowd. The CPK Central Committee ordered troops from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, druzhiniki (volunteers), cadets, policemen, and the KGB to cordon the square and videotape the participants. The situation escalated around 5 p.m., as troops were ordered to disperse the protesters. Clashes between the security forces and the demonstrators continued throughout the night in Almaty.

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

text: The

text: Jeltoqsan

text: Kazakh

text: for

text: December

text: of

text: were

text: riots

text: in

text: Alma

text: Ata

text: Kazakhstan

text: sparked

text: by

text: Gorbachev

text: 's

text: dismissal

text: of

text: Dinmukhamed

text: Konayev

text: the

text: First

text: Secretary

text: of

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: of

text: Kazakhstan

text: and

text: an

text: ethnic

text: Kazakh

text: who

text: was

text: replaced

text: with

text: Gennady

text: Kolbin

text: an

text: outsider

text: from

text: the

text: Russian

text: SFSR

text: Demonstrations

text: started

text: in

text: the

text: morning

text: of

text: December

text: with

text: to

text: students

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: Central

text: Committee

text: building

text: on

text: Brezhnev

text: Square

text: protesting

text: Konayev

text: 's

text: dismissal

text: and

text: replacement

text: by

text: a

text: Russian

text: Protesters

text: swelled

text: to

text: to

text: as

text: other

text: students

text: joined

text: the

text: crowd

text: The

text: CPK

text: Central

text: Committee

text: ordered

text: troops

text: from

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Internal

text: Affairs

text: druzhiniki

text: volunteers

text: cadets

text: policemen

text: and

text: the

text: KGB

text: to

text: cordon

text: the

text: square

text: and

text: videotape

text: the

text: participants

text: The

text: situation

text: escalated

text: around

text: p.m.

text: as

text: troops

text: were

text: ordered

text: to

text: disperse

text: the

text: protesters

text: Clashes

text: between

text: the

text: security

text: forces

text: and

text: the

text: demonstrators

text: continued

text: throughout

text: the

text: night

text: in

text: Almaty

question: What is the English translation of the word Jeltoqsan?

answer: December

text: December

question: Who was fired by Gorbachev causing riots?

answer: Dinmukhamed Konayev

text: Dinmukhamed Konayev

question: What position did Konayev hold in Kazakhstan prior to his removal?

answer: First Secretary of the Communist Party

text: First Secretary of the Communist Party

question: Who took the place of Konayev?

answer: Gennady Kolbin

text: Gennady Kolbin

question: When were the first demonstrations in Kazakhstan to protest the removal and replacement of Konayev?

answer: December 17, 1986

text: December 17, 1986


text: The Centre For Co-Curricular Studies provides elective subjects and language courses outside the field of science for students in the other faculties and departments. Students are encouraged to take these classes either for credit or in their own time, and in some departments this is mandatory. Courses exist in a wide range of topics including philosophy, ethics in science and technology, history, modern literature and drama, art in the 20th century, film studies. Language courses are available in French, German, Japanese, Italian, Russian, Spanish, Arabic and Mandarin Chinese. The Centre For Co-Curricular Studies is home to the Science Communication Unit which offers master's degrees in Science Communication and Science Media Production for science graduates.

title: Imperial_College_London

title: Imperial_College_London

text: The

text: Centre

text: For

text: Co

text: Curricular

text: Studies

text: provides

text: elective

text: subjects

text: and

text: language

text: courses

text: outside

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: science

text: for

text: students

text: in

text: the

text: other

text: faculties

text: and

text: departments

text: Students

text: are

text: encouraged

text: to

text: take

text: these

text: classes

text: either

text: for

text: credit

text: or

text: in

text: their

text: own

text: time

text: and

text: in

text: some

text: departments

text: this

text: is

text: mandatory

text: Courses

text: exist

text: in

text: a

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: topics

text: including

text: philosophy

text: ethics

text: in

text: science

text: and

text: technology

text: history

text: modern

text: literature

text: and

text: drama

text: art

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: film

text: studies

text: Language

text: courses

text: are

text: available

text: in

text: French

text: German

text: Japanese

text: Italian

text: Russian

text: Spanish

text: Arabic

text: and

text: Mandarin

text: Chinese

text: The

text: Centre

text: For

text: Co

text: Curricular

text: Studies

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: Science

text: Communication

text: Unit

text: which

text: offers

text: master

text: 's

text: degrees

text: in

text: Science

text: Communication

text: and

text: Science

text: Media

text: Production

text: for

text: science

text: graduates

question: Which centre provides electives outside of science for students?

answer: Centre For Co-Curricular Studies

text: Centre For Co-Curricular Studies

question: Outside of doing it on their own time, what other motivation could students have to take non mandatory electives?

answer: credit

text: credit

question: Which unit is a part of the Co-Curricular Studies that offers master's degrees?

answer: Science Communication Unit

text: Science Communication Unit

question: Scientists seeking a master's degree might be interested in which other degree besides Science Communication from the Science Communication Unit?

answer: Science Media Production

text: Science Media Production

question: Where are elective science courses offered?

text: The Centre For Co-Curricular Studies

question: What are all students required to do on their own time?

text: take these classes

question: Where can students get a degree in mass communication?

text: The Centre For Co-Curricular Studies

question: What language studies are required for students?


text: Between 10 and 17 October 1757, a Hungarian general, Count András Hadik, serving in the Austrian army, executed what may be the most famous hussar action in history. When the Prussian King Frederick was marching south with his powerful armies, the Hungarian general unexpectedly swung his force of 5,000, mostly hussars, around the Prussians and occupied part of their capital, Berlin, for one night. The city was spared for a negotiated ransom of 200,000 thalers. When Frederick heard about this humiliating occupation, he immediately sent a larger force to free the city. Hadik, however, left the city with his Hussars and safely reached the Austrian lines. Subsequently, Hadik was promoted to the rank of Marshal in the Austrian army.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: Between

text: and

text: October

text: a

text: Hungarian

text: general

text: Count

text: András

text: Hadik

text: serving

text: in

text: the

text: Austrian

text: army

text: executed

text: what

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: most

text: famous

text: hussar

text: action

text: in

text: history

text: When

text: the

text: Prussian

text: King

text: Frederick

text: was

text: marching

text: south

text: with

text: his

text: powerful

text: armies

text: the

text: Hungarian

text: general

text: unexpectedly

text: swung

text: his

text: force

text: of

text: mostly

text: hussars

text: around

text: the

text: Prussians

text: and

text: occupied

text: part

text: of

text: their

text: capital

text: Berlin

text: for

text: one

text: night

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: spared

text: for

text: a

text: negotiated

text: ransom

text: of

text: thalers

text: When

text: Frederick

text: heard

text: about

text: this

text: humiliating

text: occupation

text: he

text: immediately

text: sent

text: a

text: larger

text: force

text: to

text: free

text: the

text: city

text: Hadik

text: however

text: left

text: the

text: city

text: with

text: his

text: Hussars

text: and

text: safely

text: reached

text: the

text: Austrian

text: lines

text: Subsequently

text: Hadik

text: was

text: promoted

text: to

text: the

text: rank

text: of

text: Marshal

text: in

text: the

text: Austrian

text: army

question: What Hungarian general humiliated the Prussians?

answer: Count András Hadik

text: Count András Hadik

question: What city did Hadik occupy?

answer: occupied part of their capital, Berlin, for one night

text: occupied part of their capital, Berlin, for one night

question: How was Berlin spared?

answer: city was spared for a negotiated ransom of 200,000 thalers

text: city was spared for a negotiated ransom of 200,000 thalers

question: What was Frederick's response to the occupation by Hadik?

answer: he immediately sent a larger force to free the city

text: he immediately sent a larger force to free the city

question: How did Hadik respond to the Frederick force?

answer: Hadik, however, left the city with his Hussars and safely reached the Austrian lines

text: Hadik, however, left the city with his Hussars and safely reached the Austrian lines


text: In 1830, the Duchess of Kent and Conroy took Victoria across the centre of England to visit the Malvern Hills, stopping at towns and great country houses along the way. Similar journeys to other parts of England and Wales were taken in 1832, 1833, 1834 and 1835. To the King's annoyance, Victoria was enthusiastically welcomed in each of the stops. William compared the journeys to royal progresses and was concerned that they portrayed Victoria as his rival rather than his heiress presumptive. Victoria disliked the trips; the constant round of public appearances made her tired and ill, and there was little time for her to rest. She objected on the grounds of the King's disapproval, but her mother dismissed his complaints as motivated by jealousy, and forced Victoria to continue the tours. At Ramsgate in October 1835, Victoria contracted a severe fever, which Conroy initially dismissed as a childish pretence. While Victoria was ill, Conroy and the Duchess unsuccessfully badgered her to make Conroy her private secretary. As a teenager, Victoria resisted persistent attempts by her mother and Conroy to appoint him to her staff. Once queen, she banned him from her presence, but he remained in her mother's household.

title: Queen_Victoria

title: Queen_Victoria

text: In

text: the

text: Duchess

text: of

text: Kent

text: and

text: Conroy

text: took

text: Victoria

text: across

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: England

text: to

text: visit

text: the

text: Malvern

text: Hills

text: stopping

text: at

text: towns

text: and

text: great

text: country

text: houses

text: along

text: the

text: way

text: Similar

text: journeys

text: to

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: Wales

text: were

text: taken

text: in

text: and

text: To

text: the

text: King

text: 's

text: annoyance

text: Victoria

text: was

text: enthusiastically

text: welcomed

text: in

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: stops

text: William

text: compared

text: the

text: journeys

text: to

text: royal

text: progresses

text: and

text: was

text: concerned

text: that

text: they

text: portrayed

text: Victoria

text: as

text: his

text: rival

text: rather

text: than

text: his

text: heiress

text: presumptive

text: Victoria

text: disliked

text: the

text: trips

text: the

text: constant

text: round

text: of

text: public

text: appearances

text: made

text: her

text: tired

text: and

text: ill

text: and

text: there

text: was

text: little

text: time

text: for

text: her

text: to

text: rest

text: She

text: objected

text: on

text: the

text: grounds

text: of

text: the

text: King

text: 's

text: disapproval

text: but

text: her

text: mother

text: dismissed

text: his

text: complaints

text: as

text: motivated

text: by

text: jealousy

text: and

text: forced

text: Victoria

text: to

text: continue

text: the

text: tours

text: At

text: Ramsgate

text: in

text: October

text: Victoria

text: contracted

text: a

text: severe

text: fever

text: which

text: Conroy

text: initially

text: dismissed

text: as

text: a

text: childish

text: pretence

text: While

text: Victoria

text: was

text: ill

text: Conroy

text: and

text: the

text: Duchess

text: unsuccessfully

text: badgered

text: her

text: to

text: make

text: Conroy

text: her

text: private

text: secretary

text: As

text: a

text: teenager

text: Victoria

text: resisted

text: persistent

text: attempts

text: by

text: her

text: mother

text: and

text: Conroy

text: to

text: appoint

text: him

text: to

text: her

text: staff

text: Once

text: queen

text: she

text: banned

text: him

text: from

text: her

text: presence

text: but

text: he

text: remained

text: in

text: her

text: mother

text: 's

text: household

question: In 1830, what part of England did Victoria travel to with Dutchess of Kent and Conroy?

answer: the centre of England

text: the centre of England

question: What town did Victoria visit in the center of England on her trip with the Dutchess of kent and Conroy?

answer: Malvern Hills

text: Malvern Hills

question: What years were journeys similar to the Queen trip to Melvern Hills made?

answer: 1832, 1833, 1834 and 1835

text: 1832, 1833, 1834 and 1835

question: Who was annoyed that Victoria was welcomed at each of her visits to central England?

answer: William

text: William

question: Willam was concerned that Victoria would was being portrayed as what because of her trips to central England?

answer: his rival

text: his rival

question: Who took Victoria on a trip to Malvern Hills in 1830?

answer: the Duchess of Kent and Conroy

text: the Duchess of Kent and Conroy

question: Who was annoyed at how well recieved Victoria was on her tours of the countryside of England and Wales?

answer: William

text: William

question: Where did Victoria become seriously ill during one of her trips?

answer: Ramsgate

text: Ramsgate

question: Who did Victoria dislike so much she banned him from her presence once she became Queen?

answer: Conroy

text: Conroy

question: What position did Conroy try and fail to get Victoria to appoint him to during her illness and later?

answer: private secretary

text: private secretary

question: Who was Victoria convinced to make her secretery when she was very ill?

answer: Conroy

text: Conroy

question: How did Victoria feel about all of the trips?

answer: disliked

text: disliked

question: What annoyed the King about the way Victoria was received at her stops?

answer: enthusiastically welcomed in each

text: enthusiastically welcomed in each

question: Why did the King dislike Victoria taking the trips?

answer: concerned that they portrayed Victoria as his rival

text: concerned that they portrayed Victoria as his rival

question: When she was made Queen, what did Victoria do about Conroy?

answer: banned him from her presence

text: banned him from her presence

question: In 1803, what part of England did Victoria travel to with Dutchess of Kent and Conroy?

text: the centre of England

question: What town did Victoria visit in the center of England on her trip without the Dutchess of kent and Conroy?

text: Malvern Hills

question: What years were journeys similar to the King trip to Melvern Hills made?

text: in 1832, 1833, 1834 and 1835

question: Who was annoyed that Victoria wasn't welcomed at each of her visits to central England?

text: the King

question: Willam was concerned that Victoria would was being portrayed as what because of her trips to outer England?

text: his rival


text: Web browsers consist of a user interface, layout engine, rendering engine, JavaScript interpreter, UI backend, networking component and data persistence component. These components achieve different functionalities of a web browser and together provide all capabilities of a web browser.

title: Web_browser

title: Web_browser

text: Web

text: browsers

text: consist

text: of

text: a

text: user

text: interface

text: layout

text: engine

text: rendering

text: engine

text: JavaScript

text: interpreter

text: UI

text: backend

text: networking

text: component

text: and

text: data

text: persistence

text: component

text: These

text: components

text: achieve

text: different

text: functionalities

text: of

text: a

text: web

text: browser

text: and

text: together

text: provide

text: all

text: capabilities

text: of

text: a

text: web

text: browser

question: A user interface, UI backend, layout engine and other things are part of what?

answer: Web browsers

text: Web browsers

question: The layout engine, rendering engine, user interface and other things are components that offer different what of web browsers?

answer: functionalities

text: functionalities

question: What are two things that make up a UI backend?

text: user interface, layout engine

question: What does a JavaScript interpreter achieve in a layout engine?

question: What do a rendering engine and a user interface create when only used with each other?

text: all capabilities of a web browser

question: What parts of a layout engine make up a data persistence component?

question: What does a user interface achieve when part of a UI backend?

text: different functionalities


text: This was a significant step towards restoring communion between Rome and Constantinople. It produced the Catholic-Orthodox Joint declaration of 1965, which was read out on 7 December 1965, simultaneously at a public meeting of the Second Vatican Council in Rome and at a special ceremony in Istanbul. The declaration did not end the schism, but showed a desire for greater reconciliation between the two churches. In May 1973, the Coptic Patriarch Shenouda III of Alexandria visited the Vatican, where he met three times with Pope Paul VI. A common declaration and a joint Creed issued after the visit demonstrated that there are virtually no more[additional citation needed] theological discrepancies between the Coptic and Roman Catholic Churches.

title: Pope_Paul_VI

title: Pope_Paul_VI

text: This

text: was

text: a

text: significant

text: step

text: towards

text: restoring

text: communion

text: between

text: Rome

text: and

text: Constantinople

text: It

text: produced

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Orthodox

text: Joint

text: declaration

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: read

text: out

text: on

text: December

text: simultaneously

text: at

text: a

text: public

text: meeting

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: Vatican

text: Council

text: in

text: Rome

text: and

text: at

text: a

text: special

text: ceremony

text: in

text: Istanbul

text: The

text: declaration

text: did

text: not

text: end

text: the

text: schism

text: but

text: showed

text: a

text: desire

text: for

text: greater

text: reconciliation

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: churches

text: In

text: May

text: the

text: Coptic

text: Patriarch

text: Shenouda

text: III

text: of

text: Alexandria

text: visited

text: the

text: Vatican

text: where

text: he

text: met

text: three

text: times

text: with

text: Pope

text: Paul

text: VI

text: A

text: common

text: declaration

text: and

text: a

text: joint

text: Creed

text: issued

text: after

text: the

text: visit

text: demonstrated

text: that

text: there

text: are

text: virtually

text: no

text: more[additional

text: citation

text: needed

text: theological

text: discrepancies

text: between

text: the

text: Coptic

text: and

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Churches

question: What statement addressed the relationship of Italy to Greece in the Catholic church?

answer: Catholic-Orthodox Joint declaration of 1965

text: Catholic-Orthodox Joint declaration of 1965

question: In what year was the Catholic-Orthodox joint declaration read?

answer: 1965

question: In what city was the Catholic-Orthodox joint declaration read?

answer: Rome

text: Rome

question: Who visited the Vatican in May of 1973 in an effort to negotiate Orthodox and Catholic relations?

answer: Coptic Patriarch Shenouda III

text: Coptic Patriarch Shenouda III

question: How many times did Coptic Patriarch Shenouda III meet with Paul VI in 1973?

answer: three

text: three


text: Because of his stammer, Albert dreaded public speaking. After his closing speech at the British Empire Exhibition at Wembley on 31 October 1925, one which was an ordeal for both him and his listeners, he began to see Lionel Logue, an Australian-born speech therapist. The Duke and Logue practised breathing exercises, and the Duchess rehearsed with him patiently. Subsequently, he was able to speak with less hesitation. With his delivery improved, the Duke opened the new Parliament House in Canberra, Australia, during a tour of the empire in 1927. His journey by sea to Australia, New Zealand and Fiji took him via Jamaica, where Albert played doubles tennis partnered with a black man, which was unusual at the time and taken locally as a display of equality between races.

title: George_VI

title: George_VI

text: Because

text: of

text: his

text: stammer

text: Albert

text: dreaded

text: public

text: speaking

text: After

text: his

text: closing

text: speech

text: at

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: Exhibition

text: at

text: Wembley

text: on

text: October

text: one

text: which

text: was

text: an

text: ordeal

text: for

text: both

text: him

text: and

text: his

text: listeners

text: he

text: began

text: to

text: see

text: Lionel

text: Logue

text: an

text: Australian

text: born

text: speech

text: therapist

text: The

text: Duke

text: and

text: Logue

text: practised

text: breathing

text: exercises

text: and

text: the

text: Duchess

text: rehearsed

text: with

text: him

text: patiently

text: Subsequently

text: he

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: speak

text: with

text: less

text: hesitation

text: With

text: his

text: delivery

text: improved

text: the

text: Duke

text: opened

text: the

text: new

text: Parliament

text: House

text: in

text: Canberra

text: Australia

text: during

text: a

text: tour

text: of

text: the

text: empire

text: in

text: His

text: journey

text: by

text: sea

text: to

text: Australia

text: New

text: Zealand

text: and

text: Fiji

text: took

text: him

text: via

text: Jamaica

text: where

text: Albert

text: played

text: doubles

text: tennis

text: partnered

text: with

text: a

text: black

text: man

text: which

text: was

text: unusual

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: taken

text: locally

text: as

text: a

text: display

text: of

text: equality

text: between

text: races

question: Why did Albert fear speaking in public?

answer: his stammer

text: his stammer

question: Who helped Albert improve in public speaking?

answer: Lionel Logue

text: Lionel Logue

question: What did Albert play partnered with a black man?

answer: doubles tennis

text: doubles tennis

question: What did the Duke open in Australia in 1927?

answer: Parliament House

text: Parliament House

question: What was the name of the Duchess?

text: Lionel Logue

question: In what month did Albert visit Jamaica?

text: October

question: In what month did Albert begin his tour of the empire?

text: October

question: On what date did Albert speak at the new Parliament House in Canberra, Australia?

text: 31 October 1925

question: In what country is Wembley?

text: Australia


text: Training in the U.S. Army is generally divided into two categories – individual and collective. Basic training consists of 10 weeks for most recruits followed by Advanced Individualized Training (AIT) where they receive training for their military occupational specialties (MOS). Some individuals MOSs range anywhere from 14–20 weeks of One Station Unit Training (OSUT), which combines Basic Training and AIT. The length of AIT school varies by the MOS The length of time spent in AIT depends on the MOS of the soldier, and some highly technical MOS training may require many months (e.g., foreign language translators). Depending on the needs of the army, Basic Combat Training for combat arms soldiers is conducted at a number of locations, but two of the longest-running are the Armor School and the Infantry School, both at Fort Benning, Georgia.

title: United_States_Army

title: United_States_Army

text: Training

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: is

text: generally

text: divided

text: into

text: two

text: categories

text: individual

text: and

text: collective

text: Basic

text: training

text: consists

text: of

text: weeks

text: for

text: most

text: recruits

text: followed

text: by

text: Advanced

text: Individualized

text: Training

text: AIT

text: where

text: they

text: receive

text: training

text: for

text: their

text: military

text: occupational

text: specialties

text: MOS

text: Some

text: individuals

text: MOSs

text: range

text: anywhere

text: from

text: weeks

text: of

text: One

text: Station

text: Unit

text: Training

text: OSUT

text: which

text: combines

text: Basic

text: Training

text: and

text: AIT

text: The

text: length

text: of

text: AIT

text: school

text: varies

text: by

text: the

text: MOS

text: The

text: length

text: of

text: time

text: spent

text: in

text: AIT

text: depends

text: on

text: the

text: MOS

text: of

text: the

text: soldier

text: and

text: some

text: highly

text: technical

text: MOS

text: training

text: may

text: require

text: many

text: months

text: e.g.

text: foreign

text: language

text: translators

text: Depending

text: on

text: the

text: needs

text: of

text: the

text: army

text: Basic

text: Combat

text: Training

text: for

text: combat

text: arms

text: soldiers

text: is

text: conducted

text: at

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: locations

text: but

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: longest

text: running

text: are

text: the

text: Armor

text: School

text: and

text: the

text: Infantry

text: School

text: both

text: at

text: Fort

text: Benning

text: Georgia

question: What categories are U.S. Army training divided into?

answer: individual and collective

text: individual and collective

question: How long does basic training last?

answer: 10 weeks

text: 10 weeks

question: How long does military occupation specialties training last?

answer: 14–20 weeks

text: 14–20 weeks

question: What does OSUT stand for?

answer: One Station Unit Training

text: One Station Unit Training

question: Where are the Armor School and the Infantry School both located?

answer: Fort Benning, Georgia

text: Fort Benning, Georgia

question: What categories are the U.S. Navy divided into?

text: individual and collective

question: How long does basic artillery training last for?

text: 10 weeks

question: How long does a military cooking class last?

text: 14–20 weeks

question: How long does Naval military occupation specialties training last?

text: 14–20 weeks

question: What does ASUT stand for?

text: One Station Unit Training


text: Bath Rugby play at the Recreation Ground in Bath, and the Somerset County Cricket Club are based at the County Ground in Taunton. The county gained its first Football League club in 2003, when Yeovil Town won promotion to Division Three as Football Conference champions. They had achieved numerous FA Cup victories over football League sides in the past 50 years, and since joining the elite they have won promotion again—as League Two champions in 2005. They came close to yet another promotion in 2007, when they reached the League One playoff final, but lost to Blackpool at the newly reopened Wembley Stadium. Yeovil achieved promotion to the Championship in 2013 after beating Brentford in the playoff final. Horse racing courses are at Taunton and Wincanton.

title: Somerset

title: Somerset

text: Bath

text: Rugby

text: play

text: at

text: the

text: Recreation

text: Ground

text: in

text: Bath

text: and

text: the

text: Somerset

text: County

text: Cricket

text: Club

text: are

text: based

text: at

text: the

text: County

text: Ground

text: in

text: Taunton

text: The

text: county

text: gained

text: its

text: first

text: Football

text: League

text: club

text: in

text: when

text: Yeovil

text: Town

text: won

text: promotion

text: to

text: Division

text: Three

text: as

text: Football

text: Conference

text: champions

text: They

text: had

text: achieved

text: numerous

text: FA

text: Cup

text: victories

text: over

text: football

text: League

text: sides

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: years

text: and

text: since

text: joining

text: the

text: elite

text: they

text: have

text: won

text: promotion

text: again

text: as

text: League

text: Two

text: champions

text: in

text: They

text: came

text: close

text: to

text: yet

text: another

text: promotion

text: in

text: when

text: they

text: reached

text: the

text: League

text: One

text: playoff

text: final

text: but

text: lost

text: to

text: Blackpool

text: at

text: the

text: newly

text: reopened

text: Wembley

text: Stadium

text: Yeovil

text: achieved

text: promotion

text: to

text: the

text: Championship

text: in

text: after

text: beating

text: Brentford

text: in

text: the

text: playoff

text: final

text: Horse

text: racing

text: courses

text: are

text: at

text: Taunton

text: and

text: Wincanton

question: Where does the rugby team play

answer: Bath Rugby play at the Recreation Ground in Bath

text: Bath Rugby play at the Recreation Ground in Bath

question: The county's first football team is

answer: Yeovil Town won promotion to Division Three as Football Conference champions

text: Yeovil Town won promotion to Division Three as Football Conference champions

question: When did yeovil achieve promotion to the champion league

answer: Yeovil achieved promotion to the Championship in 2013 after beating Brentford in the playoff final

text: Yeovil achieved promotion to the Championship in 2013 after beating Brentford in the playoff final

question: Where are the horse races held

answer: Horse racing courses are at Taunton and Wincanton

text: Horse racing courses are at Taunton and Wincanton

question: In what year did Blackpool acquire a Football League club?

question: In what year did horse racing start in Wincanton?

question: In what year was the Recreating Ground in Bath established?

question: What is one of the teams the Yeovil Town have beaten for a FA cup victory?

text: Brentford

question: Who did Yeovil Town beat in the 2005 championship game?

text: Blackpool


text: 23rd Street is another main numbered street in Manhattan. It begins at FDR Drive and ends at Eleventh Avenue. Its length is 3.1 km/1.9m. It has two-way travel. On 23rd Street there are five local subway stations:

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

text: Street

text: is

text: another

text: main

text: numbered

text: street

text: in

text: Manhattan

text: It

text: begins

text: at

text: FDR

text: Drive

text: and

text: ends

text: at

text: Eleventh

text: Avenue

text: Its

text: length

text: is

text: m

text: It

text: has

text: two

text: way

text: travel

text: On

text: Street

text: there

text: are

text: five

text: local

text: subway

text: stations

question: Where does 23rd Street begin?

answer: FDR Drive

text: FDR Drive

question: Where does 23rd Street end?

answer: Eleventh Avenue

text: Eleventh Avenue

question: What is the length of 23rd Street in kilometers?

answer: 3.1 km

text: 3.1 km

question: Does traffic move in one or two ways on 23rd Street?

answer: two-way

text: two-way

question: How many local subway stations are on 23rd Street?

answer: five

text: five


text: In the wake of these external defeats, the Guangxu Emperor initiated the Hundred Days' Reform of 1898. Newer, more radical advisers such as Kang Youwei were given positions of influence. The emperor issued a series of edicts and plans were made to reorganize the bureaucracy, restructure the school system, and appoint new officials. Opposition from the bureaucracy was immediate and intense. Although she had been involved in the initial reforms, the empress dowager stepped in to call them off, arrested and executed several reformers, and took over day-to-day control of policy. Yet many of the plans stayed in place, and the goals of reform were implanted.

title: Qing_dynasty

title: Qing_dynasty

text: In

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: these

text: external

text: defeats

text: the

text: Guangxu

text: Emperor

text: initiated

text: the

text: Hundred

text: Days

text: Reform

text: of

text: Newer

text: more

text: radical

text: advisers

text: such

text: as

text: Kang

text: Youwei

text: were

text: given

text: positions

text: of

text: influence

text: The

text: emperor

text: issued

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: edicts

text: and

text: plans

text: were

text: made

text: to

text: reorganize

text: the

text: bureaucracy

text: restructure

text: the

text: school

text: system

text: and

text: appoint

text: new

text: officials

text: Opposition

text: from

text: the

text: bureaucracy

text: was

text: immediate

text: and

text: intense

text: Although

text: she

text: had

text: been

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: initial

text: reforms

text: the

text: empress

text: dowager

text: stepped

text: in

text: to

text: call

text: them

text: off

text: arrested

text: and

text: executed

text: several

text: reformers

text: and

text: took

text: over

text: day

text: to

text: day

text: control

text: of

text: policy

text: Yet

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: plans

text: stayed

text: in

text: place

text: and

text: the

text: goals

text: of

text: reform

text: were

text: implanted

question: Name an advisor to Guangxu?

answer: Kang Youwei

text: Kang Youwei

question: What did the emperor do in response to so many defeats by the Europeans?

answer: Hundred Days' Reform of 1898

text: Hundred Days' Reform of 1898

question: Who took over the policy of China?

answer: empress dowager

text: empress dowager


text: There has been a football tournament at every Summer Olympic Games since 1900, except at the 1932 games in Los Angeles. Before the inception of the World Cup, the Olympics (especially during the 1920s) had the same status as the World Cup. Originally, the event was for amateurs only; however, since the 1984 Summer Olympics, professional players have been permitted, albeit with certain restrictions which prevent countries from fielding their strongest sides. The Olympic men's tournament is played at Under-23 level. In the past the Olympics have allowed a restricted number of over-age players per team. A women's tournament was added in 1996; in contrast to the men's event, full international sides without age restrictions play the women's Olympic tournament.

title: Association_football

title: Association_football

text: There

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: football

text: tournament

text: at

text: every

text: Summer

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: since

text: except

text: at

text: the

text: games

text: in

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Before

text: the

text: inception

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: Cup

text: the

text: Olympics

text: especially

text: during

text: the

text: had

text: the

text: same

text: status

text: as

text: the

text: World

text: Cup

text: Originally

text: the

text: event

text: was

text: for

text: amateurs

text: only

text: however

text: since

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: professional

text: players

text: have

text: been

text: permitted

text: albeit

text: with

text: certain

text: restrictions

text: which

text: prevent

text: countries

text: from

text: fielding

text: their

text: strongest

text: sides

text: The

text: Olympic

text: men

text: 's

text: tournament

text: is

text: played

text: at

text: level

text: In

text: the

text: past

text: the

text: Olympics

text: have

text: allowed

text: a

text: restricted

text: number

text: of

text: over

text: age

text: players

text: per

text: team

text: A

text: women

text: 's

text: tournament

text: was

text: added

text: in

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: the

text: men

text: 's

text: event

text: full

text: international

text: sides

text: without

text: age

text: restrictions

text: play

text: the

text: women

text: 's

text: Olympic

text: tournament

question: Which year was there not a Summer Olympic Game?

answer: 1932

question: In what year was a women's tournament added to the Summer Olympics?

answer: 1996

question: What year were professional players allowed to play in the  Summer Olympics?

answer: 1984

question: What is the age limit on the Olympic men's tournament?

answer: Under-23

question: What was the first year that there was a football tournament at the Summer Olympics?

answer: 1900

question: Which year was there not a Winter Olympic Game?

question: What year was a men's tournament added to the Summer Olympics?

question: What year were novice players allowed to play in the Summer Olympics?

question: What is the age requirement on the Olympic men's tournament?

question: What was the last year that there was a football tournament at the Winter Olympics?


text: During the Consulate, Napoleon faced several royalist and Jacobin assassination plots, including the Conspiration des poignards (Dagger plot) in October 1800 and the Plot of the Rue Saint-Nicaise (also known as the Infernal Machine) two months later. In January 1804, his police uncovered an assassination plot against him that involved Moreau and which was ostensibly sponsored by the Bourbon family, the former rulers of France. On the advice of Talleyrand, Napoleon ordered the kidnapping of the Duke of Enghien, violating the sovereignty of Baden. The Duke was quickly executed after a secret military trial, even though he had not been involved in the plot. Enghien's execution infuriated royal courts throughout Europe, become one of the contributing political factors for the outbreak of the Napoleonic Wars.

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: During

text: the

text: Consulate

text: Napoleon

text: faced

text: several

text: royalist

text: and

text: Jacobin

text: assassination

text: plots

text: including

text: the

text: Conspiration

text: des

text: poignards

text: Dagger

text: plot

text: in

text: October

text: and

text: the

text: Plot

text: of

text: the

text: Rue

text: Saint

text: Nicaise

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Infernal

text: Machine

text: two

text: months

text: later

text: In

text: January

text: his

text: police

text: uncovered

text: an

text: assassination

text: plot

text: against

text: him

text: that

text: involved

text: Moreau

text: and

text: which

text: was

text: ostensibly

text: sponsored

text: by

text: the

text: Bourbon

text: family

text: the

text: former

text: rulers

text: of

text: France

text: On

text: the

text: advice

text: of

text: Talleyrand

text: Napoleon

text: ordered

text: the

text: kidnapping

text: of

text: the

text: Duke

text: of

text: Enghien

text: violating

text: the

text: sovereignty

text: of

text: Baden

text: The

text: Duke

text: was

text: quickly

text: executed

text: after

text: a

text: secret

text: military

text: trial

text: even

text: though

text: he

text: had

text: not

text: been

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: plot

text: Enghien

text: 's

text: execution

text: infuriated

text: royal

text: courts

text: throughout

text: Europe

text: become

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: contributing

text: political

text: factors

text: for

text: the

text: outbreak

text: of

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

question: What was the name of the assassination plot against Napoleon also known as the Infernal Machine?

answer: the Plot of the Rue Saint-Nicaise

text: the Plot of the Rue Saint-Nicaise

question: When did the Conspiration des poignards take place?

answer: October 1800

text: October 1800

question: What  family was supposed to have supported the January 1804 assassination plot targeting Napoleon?

answer: the Bourbon family

text: the Bourbon family

question: What was another name for the Conspiration des poignards?

answer: Dagger plot

text: Dagger plot

question: The kidnapping of the Duke of Enghien violated the sovereignty of what locale?

answer: Baden

text: Baden


text: Coop et al. (2009) found "a selected allele that strongly differentiates the French from both the Yoruba and Han could be strongly clinal across Europe, or at high frequency in Europe and absent elsewhere, or follow any other distribution according to the geographic nature of the selective pressure. However, we see that the global geographic distributions of these putatively selected alleles are largely determined simply by their frequencies in Yoruba, French and Han (Figure 3). The global distributions fall into three major geographic patterns that we interpret as non-African sweeps, west Eurasian sweeps and East Asian sweeps, respectively."

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: Coop

text: et

text: al

text: found

text: a

text: selected

text: allele

text: that

text: strongly

text: differentiates

text: the

text: French

text: from

text: both

text: the

text: Yoruba

text: and

text: Han

text: could

text: be

text: strongly

text: clinal

text: across

text: Europe

text: or

text: at

text: high

text: frequency

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: absent

text: elsewhere

text: or

text: follow

text: any

text: other

text: distribution

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: geographic

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: selective

text: pressure

text: However

text: we

text: see

text: that

text: the

text: global

text: geographic

text: distributions

text: of

text: these

text: putatively

text: selected

text: alleles

text: are

text: largely

text: determined

text: simply

text: by

text: their

text: frequencies

text: in

text: Yoruba

text: French

text: and

text: Han

text: Figure

text: The

text: global

text: distributions

text: fall

text: into

text: three

text: major

text: geographic

text: patterns

text: that

text: we

text: interpret

text: as

text: non

text: African

text: sweeps

text: west

text: Eurasian

text: sweeps

text: and

text: East

text: Asian

text: sweeps

text: respectively

question: What thing that strongly differentiates the French from some other populations be clinal across Europe?

answer: a selected allele

text: a selected allele

question: When did Coop and others find out something about a selected allele?

answer: 2009

question: Something that is found at high frequency in Europe could be what elsewhere?

answer: absent

text: absent

question: How many major geographic patterns do the global distributions fall into?

answer: three

text: three

question: What are sweeps?

answer: major geographic patterns

text: major geographic patterns


text: Manhattan's skyline, with its many skyscrapers, is universally recognized, and the city has been home to several of the tallest buildings in the world. As of 2011, New York City had 5,937 high-rise buildings, of which 550 completed structures were at least 330 feet (100 m) high, both second in the world after Hong Kong, with over 50 completed skyscrapers taller than 656 feet (200 m). These include the Woolworth Building (1913), an early gothic revival skyscraper built with massively scaled gothic detailing.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: Manhattan

text: 's

text: skyline

text: with

text: its

text: many

text: skyscrapers

text: is

text: universally

text: recognized

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: been

text: home

text: to

text: several

text: of

text: the

text: tallest

text: buildings

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: As

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: had

text: high

text: rise

text: buildings

text: of

text: which

text: completed

text: structures

text: were

text: at

text: least

text: feet

text: m

text: high

text: both

text: second

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: after

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: with

text: over

text: completed

text: skyscrapers

text: taller

text: than

text: feet

text: m

text: These

text: include

text: the

text: Woolworth

text: Building

text: an

text: early

text: gothic

text: revival

text: skyscraper

text: built

text: with

text: massively

text: scaled

text: gothic

text: detailing

question: How many high-rises were present in New York City in 2011?

answer: 5,937

question: What city has the most high-rise buildings in the world?

answer: Hong Kong

text: Hong Kong

question: How many structures in New York City are over 100m tall?

answer: 550

question: In what year was the Woolworth Building completed?

answer: 1913

question: How many buildings in New York City are over 200m high?

answer: 50

question: NYC has the highest quantity of skyscrapers after which other world city?

answer: Hong Kong

text: Hong Kong

question: How many buildings located in NYC are at least 330 feet in height?

answer: 550


text: Archaeological discovery shows that "Nanjing Man" lived in more than 500 thousand years ago. Zun, a kind of wine vessel, was found to exist in Beiyinyangying culture of Nanjing in about 5000 years ago. In the late period of Shang dynasty, Taibo of Zhou came to Jiangnan and established Wu state, and the first stop is in Nanjing area according to some historians based on discoveries in Taowu and Hushu culture. According to legend,[which?] Fuchai, King of the State of Wu, founded a fort named Yecheng (冶城) in today's Nanjing area in 495 BC. Later in 473 BC, the State of Yue conquered Wu and constructed the fort of Yuecheng (越城) on the outskirts of the present-day Zhonghua Gate. In 333 BC, after eliminating the State of Yue, the State of Chu built Jinling Yi (金陵邑) in the western part of present-day Nanjing. It was renamed Moling (秣陵) during reign of Qin Shi Huang. Since then, the city experienced destruction and renewal many times.[citation needed] The area was successively part of Kuaiji, Zhang and Danyang prefectures in Qin and Han dynasty, and part of Yangzhou region which was established as the nation's 13 supervisory and administrative regions in the 5th year of Yuanfeng in Han dynasty (106 BC). Nanjing was later the capital city of Danyang Prefecture, and had been the capital city of Yangzhou for about 400 years from late Han to early Tang.

title: Nanjing

title: Nanjing

text: Archaeological

text: discovery

text: shows

text: that

text: Nanjing

text: Man

text: lived

text: in

text: more

text: than

text: thousand

text: years

text: ago

text: Zun

text: a

text: kind

text: of

text: wine

text: vessel

text: was

text: found

text: to

text: exist

text: in

text: Beiyinyangying

text: culture

text: of

text: Nanjing

text: in

text: about

text: years

text: ago

text: In

text: the

text: late

text: period

text: of

text: Shang

text: dynasty

text: Taibo

text: of

text: Zhou

text: came

text: to

text: Jiangnan

text: and

text: established

text: Wu

text: state

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: stop

text: is

text: in

text: Nanjing

text: area

text: according

text: to

text: some

text: historians

text: based

text: on

text: discoveries

text: in

text: Taowu

text: and

text: Hushu

text: culture

text: According

text: to

text: legend,[which

text: Fuchai

text: King

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Wu

text: founded

text: a

text: fort

text: named

text: Yecheng

text: 冶城

text: in

text: today

text: 's

text: Nanjing

text: area

text: in

text: BC

text: Later

text: in

text: BC

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Yue

text: conquered

text: Wu

text: and

text: constructed

text: the

text: fort

text: of

text: Yuecheng

text: 越城

text: on

text: the

text: outskirts

text: of

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: Zhonghua

text: Gate

text: In

text: BC

text: after

text: eliminating

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Yue

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Chu

text: built

text: Jinling

text: Yi

text: 金陵邑

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: present

text: day

text: Nanjing

text: It

text: was

text: renamed

text: Moling

text: 秣陵

text: during

text: reign

text: of

text: Qin

text: Shi

text: Huang

text: Since

text: then

text: the

text: city

text: experienced

text: destruction

text: and

text: renewal

text: many

text: times.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: area

text: was

text: successively

text: part

text: of

text: Kuaiji

text: Zhang

text: and

text: Danyang

text: prefectures

text: in

text: Qin

text: and

text: Han

text: dynasty

text: and

text: part

text: of

text: Yangzhou

text: region

text: which

text: was

text: established

text: as

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: supervisory

text: and

text: administrative

text: regions

text: in

text: the

text: year

text: of

text: Yuanfeng

text: in

text: Han

text: dynasty

text: BC

text: Nanjing

text: was

text: later

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: Danyang

text: Prefecture

text: and

text: had

text: been

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: Yangzhou

text: for

text: about

text: years

text: from

text: late

text: Han

text: to

text: early

text: Tang

question: How long ago did "Nanjing Man" live?

answer: more than 500 thousand years ago

text: more than 500 thousand years ago

question: What vessel was found 5000 years ago?

answer: Zun, a kind of wine vessel

text: Zun, a kind of wine vessel

question: When was the the fort of Yuecheng built?

answer: 473 BC

text: 473 BC

question: How long had Nanjing been the capital city of Yangzhou?

answer: about 400 years

text: about 400 years

question: When was the Wu state created?

answer: the late period of Shang dynasty

text: the late period of Shang dynasty


text: Greece was accused of trying to cover up the extent of its massive budget deficit in the wake of the global financial crisis. The allegation was prompted by the massive revision of the 2009 budget deficit forecast by the new PASOK government elected in October 2009, from "6–8%" (estimated by the previous New Democracy government) to 12.7% (later revised to 15.7%). However, the accuracy of the revised figures has also been questioned, and in February 2012 the Hellenic Parliament voted in favor of an official investigation following accusations by a former member of the Hellenic Statistical Authority that the deficit had been artificially inflated in order to justify harsher austerity measures.

title: Economy_of_Greece

title: Economy_of_Greece

text: Greece

text: was

text: accused

text: of

text: trying

text: to

text: cover

text: up

text: the

text: extent

text: of

text: its

text: massive

text: budget

text: deficit

text: in

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: financial

text: crisis

text: The

text: allegation

text: was

text: prompted

text: by

text: the

text: massive

text: revision

text: of

text: the

text: budget

text: deficit

text: forecast

text: by

text: the

text: new

text: PASOK

text: government

text: elected

text: in

text: October

text: from

text: estimated

text: by

text: the

text: previous

text: New

text: Democracy

text: government

text: to

text: later

text: revised

text: to

text: However

text: the

text: accuracy

text: of

text: the

text: revised

text: figures

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: questioned

text: and

text: in

text: February

text: the

text: Hellenic

text: Parliament

text: voted

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: an

text: official

text: investigation

text: following

text: accusations

text: by

text: a

text: former

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Hellenic

text: Statistical

text: Authority

text: that

text: the

text: deficit

text: had

text: been

text: artificially

text: inflated

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: justify

text: harsher

text: austerity

text: measures

question: What was Greece accused of covering up the extent of?

answer: its massive budget deficit

text: its massive budget deficit

question: What prompted the allegation of Greece's covering up its budget deficit?

answer: massive revision

text: massive revision

question: Who voted in favor of an official investigation of the accusations?

answer: Hellenic Parliament

text: Hellenic Parliament

question: When did the Parliament vote in favor of an investigation?

answer: February 2012

text: February 2012

question: What did a former member of the Hellenic Statistical Authority say the deficit had been inflated to justify?

answer: harsher austerity measures

text: harsher austerity measures

question: What was Greece accused of being transparent about?

text: its massive budget deficit

question: What silenced the allegation of Greece's covering up its budget deficit?

text: massive revision

question: Who voted against an official investigation of the accusations?

text: Hellenic Parliament

question: When did the Parliament vote in opposition of an investigation?

text: February 2012

question: What did a former member of the Hellenic Statistical Authority say the deficit had been decreased to justify?

text: harsher austerity measures


text: Clodius formed armed gangs that terrorised the city and eventually began to attack Pompey's followers, who in response funded counter-gangs formed by Titus Annius Milo. The political alliance of the triumvirate was crumbling. Domitius Ahenobarbus ran for the consulship in 55 BC promising to take Caesar's command from him. Eventually, the triumvirate was renewed at Lucca. Pompey and Crassus were promised the consulship in 55 BC, and Caesar's term as governor was extended for five years. Crassus led an ill-fated expedition with legions led by his son, Caesar's lieutenant, against the Kingdom of Parthia. This resulted in his defeat and death at the Battle of Carrhae. Finally, Pompey's wife, Julia, who was Caesar's daughter, died in childbirth. This event severed the last remaining bond between Pompey and Caesar.

title: Roman_Republic

title: Roman_Republic

text: Clodius

text: formed

text: armed

text: gangs

text: that

text: terrorised

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: eventually

text: began

text: to

text: attack

text: Pompey

text: 's

text: followers

text: who

text: in

text: response

text: funded

text: counter

text: gangs

text: formed

text: by

text: Titus

text: Annius

text: Milo

text: The

text: political

text: alliance

text: of

text: the

text: triumvirate

text: was

text: crumbling

text: Domitius

text: Ahenobarbus

text: ran

text: for

text: the

text: consulship

text: in

text: BC

text: promising

text: to

text: take

text: Caesar

text: 's

text: command

text: from

text: him

text: Eventually

text: the

text: triumvirate

text: was

text: renewed

text: at

text: Lucca

text: Pompey

text: and

text: Crassus

text: were

text: promised

text: the

text: consulship

text: in

text: BC

text: and

text: Caesar

text: 's

text: term

text: as

text: governor

text: was

text: extended

text: for

text: five

text: years

text: Crassus

text: led

text: an

text: ill

text: fated

text: expedition

text: with

text: legions

text: led

text: by

text: his

text: son

text: Caesar

text: 's

text: lieutenant

text: against

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Parthia

text: This

text: resulted

text: in

text: his

text: defeat

text: and

text: death

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Carrhae

text: Finally

text: Pompey

text: 's

text: wife

text: Julia

text: who

text: was

text: Caesar

text: 's

text: daughter

text: died

text: in

text: childbirth

text: This

text: event

text: severed

text: the

text: last

text: remaining

text: bond

text: between

text: Pompey

text: and

text: Caesar

question: Who was responsible for the attacks on followers of Pompey?

answer: Clodius

text: Clodius

question: What political position were Pompey and Crassus assured they would receive in 55 BC?

answer: consul

text: consul

question: What caused the death of Julius Caesar's female offspring?

answer: childbirth

text: childbirth

question: Which individual ran for consul in 55 BC?

answer: Domitius Ahenobarbus

text: Domitius Ahenobarbus

question: Who was responsible for an expedition against the Parthian Kingdom?

answer: Crassus

text: Crassus


text: Investitures, which include the conferring of knighthoods by dubbing with a sword, and other awards take place in the palace's Ballroom, built in 1854. At 36.6 m (120 ft) long, 18 m (59 ft) wide and 13.5 m (44 ft) high, it is the largest room in the palace. It has replaced the throne room in importance and use. During investitures, the Queen stands on the throne dais beneath a giant, domed velvet canopy, known as a shamiana or a baldachin, that was used at the Delhi Durbar in 1911. A military band plays in the musicians' gallery as award recipients approach the Queen and receive their honours, watched by their families and friends.

title: Buckingham_Palace

title: Buckingham_Palace

text: Investitures

text: which

text: include

text: the

text: conferring

text: of

text: knighthoods

text: by

text: dubbing

text: with

text: a

text: sword

text: and

text: other

text: awards

text: take

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: palace

text: 's

text: Ballroom

text: built

text: in

text: At

text: m

text: ft

text: long

text: m

text: ft

text: wide

text: and

text: m

text: ft

text: high

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: room

text: in

text: the

text: palace

text: It

text: has

text: replaced

text: the

text: throne

text: room

text: in

text: importance

text: and

text: use

text: During

text: investitures

text: the

text: Queen

text: stands

text: on

text: the

text: throne

text: dais

text: beneath

text: a

text: giant

text: domed

text: velvet

text: canopy

text: known

text: as

text: a

text: shamiana

text: or

text: a

text: baldachin

text: that

text: was

text: used

text: at

text: the

text: Delhi

text: Durbar

text: in

text: A

text: military

text: band

text: plays

text: in

text: the

text: musicians

text: gallery

text: as

text: award

text: recipients

text: approach

text: the

text: Queen

text: and

text: receive

text: their

text: honours

text: watched

text: by

text: their

text: families

text: and

text: friends

question: Where do Investitures take place?

answer: in the palace's Ballroom

text: in the palace's Ballroom

question: What year was The Ballroom built?

answer: 1854

question: Which room has The Ballroom replaced in terms of both use and importance?

answer: the throne room

text: the throne room

question: What does the Queen stand on during Investitures?

answer: the throne dais

text: the throne dais

question: Knighthood is given by being dubbed with what object?

answer: a sword

text: a sword

question: What is the largest room in the palace?

answer: Ballroom

text: Ballroom

question: The Ballroom replaced which other room in terms of importance and use?

answer: the throne room

text: the throne room

question: Where do Investitures never take place?

text: in the palace's Ballroom

question: What year was The Ballroom blown up?

question: Which room has The Ballroom never changed in terms of both use and importance?

text: the throne room

question: What is the smallest room in the palace?

text: the palace's Ballroom

question: What does the Queen sit on during Investitures?

text: the throne dais


text: The centre of Argentoratum proper was situated on the Grande Île (Cardo: current Rue du Dôme, Decumanus: current Rue des Hallebardes). The outline of the Roman "castrum" is visible in the street pattern in the Grande Ile. Many Roman artifacts have also been found along the current Route des Romains, the road that led to Argentoratum, in the suburb of Kœnigshoffen. This was where the largest burial places were situated, as well as the densest concentration of civilian dwelling places and commerces next to the camp. Among the most outstanding finds in Kœnigshoffen were (found in 1911–12) the fragments of a grand Mithraeum that had been shattered by early Christians in the fourth century. From the fourth century, Strasbourg was the seat of the Bishopric of Strasbourg (made an Archbishopric in 1988). Archaeological excavations below the current Église Saint-Étienne in 1948 and 1956 unearthed the apse of a church dating back to the late fourth or early fifth century, considered to be the oldest church in Alsace. It is supposed that this was the first seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Strasbourg.

title: Strasbourg

title: Strasbourg

text: The

text: centre

text: of

text: Argentoratum

text: proper

text: was

text: situated

text: on

text: the

text: Grande

text: Île

text: Cardo

text: current

text: Rue

text: du

text: Dôme

text: Decumanus

text: current

text: Rue

text: des

text: Hallebardes

text: The

text: outline

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: castrum

text: is

text: visible

text: in

text: the

text: street

text: pattern

text: in

text: the

text: Grande

text: Ile

text: Many

text: Roman

text: artifacts

text: have

text: also

text: been

text: found

text: along

text: the

text: current

text: Route

text: des

text: Romains

text: the

text: road

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: Argentoratum

text: in

text: the

text: suburb

text: of

text: Kœnigshoffen

text: This

text: was

text: where

text: the

text: largest

text: burial

text: places

text: were

text: situated

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: densest

text: concentration

text: of

text: civilian

text: dwelling

text: places

text: and

text: commerces

text: next

text: to

text: the

text: camp

text: Among

text: the

text: most

text: outstanding

text: finds

text: in

text: Kœnigshoffen

text: were

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: fragments

text: of

text: a

text: grand

text: Mithraeum

text: that

text: had

text: been

text: shattered

text: by

text: early

text: Christians

text: in

text: the

text: fourth

text: century

text: From

text: the

text: fourth

text: century

text: Strasbourg

text: was

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: Bishopric

text: of

text: Strasbourg

text: made

text: an

text: Archbishopric

text: in

text: Archaeological

text: excavations

text: below

text: the

text: current

text: Église

text: Saint

text: Étienne

text: in

text: and

text: unearthed

text: the

text: apse

text: of

text: a

text: church

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: late

text: fourth

text: or

text: early

text: fifth

text: century

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: oldest

text: church

text: in

text: Alsace

text: It

text: is

text: supposed

text: that

text: this

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Diocese

text: of

text: Strasbourg

question: What has been found along the current Route des Romains?

answer: Roman artifacts

text: Roman artifacts

question: Where was the centre of Argentoratum situated?

answer: Grande Île

text: Grande Île

question: Who shattered the fragments of a grand Mithraeum?

answer: Christians

text: Christians

question: When was the Bishopric of Strasbourg made an Archbishopric?

answer: 1988

question: How many people live in Koenighhoffen as if 2015?

question: In what year was the Bishopric of Strasbourg established?

question: In what year was the Route des Romains established?

question: How many people have been excavated from the Roman burial places?

question: What was the grand Mithraeum?

text: a church


text: Agriculture accounted for less than 20% of both net material product and total employment before the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. After independence, the importance of agriculture in the economy increased markedly, its share at the end of the 1990s rising to more than 30% of GDP and more than 40% of total employment. This increase in the importance of agriculture was attributable to food security needs of the population in the face of uncertainty during the first phases of transition and the collapse of the non-agricultural sectors of the economy in the early 1990s. As the economic situation stabilized and growth resumed, the share of agriculture in GDP dropped to slightly over 20% (2006 data), although the share of agriculture in employment remained more than 40%.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: Agriculture

text: accounted

text: for

text: less

text: than

text: of

text: both

text: net

text: material

text: product

text: and

text: total

text: employment

text: before

text: the

text: dissolution

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: in

text: After

text: independence

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: agriculture

text: in

text: the

text: economy

text: increased

text: markedly

text: its

text: share

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: rising

text: to

text: more

text: than

text: of

text: GDP

text: and

text: more

text: than

text: of

text: total

text: employment

text: This

text: increase

text: in

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: agriculture

text: was

text: attributable

text: to

text: food

text: security

text: needs

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: in

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: uncertainty

text: during

text: the

text: first

text: phases

text: of

text: transition

text: and

text: the

text: collapse

text: of

text: the

text: non

text: agricultural

text: sectors

text: of

text: the

text: economy

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: As

text: the

text: economic

text: situation

text: stabilized

text: and

text: growth

text: resumed

text: the

text: share

text: of

text: agriculture

text: in

text: GDP

text: dropped

text: to

text: slightly

text: over

text: data

text: although

text: the

text: share

text: of

text: agriculture

text: in

text: employment

text: remained

text: more

text: than

question: Why did agriculture become so significant for Armenia's economy?

answer: food security needs

text: food security needs

question: Was agriculture more important before or after Armenia left the Soviet Union?

answer: After

text: After

question: How much of total employment did agriculture account for at the end of the 1990s?

answer: 40%

question: How much of the GDP has agriculture accounted for most recently?

answer: 20%


text: A wrestler's championship accomplishments can be central to their career, becoming a measure of their performance ability and drawing power. In general, a wrestler with multiple title reigns or an extended title reign is indicative of a wrestler's ability to maintain audience interest and/or a wrestler's ability to perform in the ring. As such, the most accomplished or decorated wrestlers tend to be revered as legends despite the predetermined nature of title reigns. American wrestler Ric Flair has had multiple world heavyweight championship reigns spanning over three decades. Japanese wrestler Último Dragón once held and defended a record 10 titles simultaneously.

title: Professional_wrestling

title: Professional_wrestling

text: A

text: wrestler

text: 's

text: championship

text: accomplishments

text: can

text: be

text: central

text: to

text: their

text: career

text: becoming

text: a

text: measure

text: of

text: their

text: performance

text: ability

text: and

text: drawing

text: power

text: In

text: general

text: a

text: wrestler

text: with

text: multiple

text: title

text: reigns

text: or

text: an

text: extended

text: title

text: reign

text: is

text: indicative

text: of

text: a

text: wrestler

text: 's

text: ability

text: to

text: maintain

text: audience

text: interest

text: and/or

text: a

text: wrestler

text: 's

text: ability

text: to

text: perform

text: in

text: the

text: ring

text: As

text: such

text: the

text: most

text: accomplished

text: or

text: decorated

text: wrestlers

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: revered

text: as

text: legends

text: despite

text: the

text: predetermined

text: nature

text: of

text: title

text: reigns

text: American

text: wrestler

text: Ric

text: Flair

text: has

text: had

text: multiple

text: world

text: heavyweight

text: championship

text: reigns

text: spanning

text: over

text: three

text: decades

text: Japanese

text: wrestler

text: Último

text: Dragón

text: once

text: held

text: and

text: defended

text: a

text: record

text: titles

text: simultaneously

question: What does it show when a wrestler has many titles?

answer: ability to maintain audience interest and/or a wrestler's ability to perform in the ring

text: ability to maintain audience interest and/or a wrestler's ability to perform in the ring

question: What can be important in a wrestler's career?

answer: championship accomplishments

text: championship accomplishments

question: What do those accomplishments indicate?

answer: performance ability and drawing power

text: performance ability and drawing power

question: What has Ric Flair accomplished?

answer: multiple world heavyweight championship reigns spanning over three decades

text: multiple world heavyweight championship reigns spanning over three decades

question: Who held 10 records at once?

answer: Último Dragón

text: Último Dragón


text: Brahmi evolved into a multiplicity of Brahmic scripts, many of which were used to write Sanskrit. Roughly contemporary with the Brahmi, Kharosthi was used in the northwest of the subcontinent. Sometime between the fourth and eighth centuries, the Gupta script, derived from Brahmi, became prevalent. Around the eighth century, the Śāradā script evolved out of the Gupta script. The latter was displaced in its turn by Devanagari in the 11th or 12th century, with intermediary stages such as the Siddhaṃ script. In East India, the Bengali alphabet, and, later, the Odia alphabet, were used.

title: Sanskrit

title: Sanskrit

text: Brahmi

text: evolved

text: into

text: a

text: multiplicity

text: of

text: Brahmic

text: scripts

text: many

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: used

text: to

text: write

text: Sanskrit

text: Roughly

text: contemporary

text: with

text: the

text: Brahmi

text: Kharosthi

text: was

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: northwest

text: of

text: the

text: subcontinent

text: Sometime

text: between

text: the

text: fourth

text: and

text: eighth

text: centuries

text: the

text: Gupta

text: script

text: derived

text: from

text: Brahmi

text: became

text: prevalent

text: Around

text: the

text: eighth

text: century

text: the

text: Śāradā

text: script

text: evolved

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: Gupta

text: script

text: The

text: latter

text: was

text: displaced

text: in

text: its

text: turn

text: by

text: Devanagari

text: in

text: the

text: or

text: century

text: with

text: intermediary

text: stages

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Siddhaṃ

text: script

text: In

text: East

text: India

text: the

text: Bengali

text: alphabet

text: and

text: later

text: the

text: Odia

text: alphabet

text: were

text: used

question: What types of script was used to write Sanskrit in the northwest part of Indai?

answer: Kharosthi

text: Kharosthi

question: Around what time did the Gupta script become prevalent for writing Sanskrit?

answer: between the fourth and eighth centuries

text: between the fourth and eighth centuries

question: Which script evolved from the Gupta script in the 8th century?

answer: Śāradā

text: Śāradā

question: Which script replaced the Gupta script?

answer: Devanagari

text: Devanagari

question: In what time period did the Devangari script become prevalent?

answer: 11th or 12th century

text: 11th or 12th century

question: What were used to write Sanskrit?

answer: Brahmic scripts

text: Brahmic scripts

question: What script was used in the northwest of India?

answer: Kharosthi

text: Kharosthi

question: Between the forth and eighth century, what script evolved?

answer: Gupta

text: Gupta

question: From what was Gupta derived?

answer: Brahmi

text: Brahmi

question: What script evolved from the Gupta script?

answer: Śāradā

text: Śāradā

question: What script was used in the northeast?

text: Kharosthi

question: In what centuries were the Brahmic scripts used?

text: between the fourth and eighth centuries

question: What was the Brahmi script derived from?

text: the Gupta script

question: What script was the Devanagari script replace with in the 12th century?

text: Gupta script

question: What alphabet was mainly used in West India?

text: the Bengali alphabet


text: Other notable new vaccines of the period include those for measles (1962, John Franklin Enders of Children's Medical Center Boston, later refined by Maurice Hilleman at Merck), Rubella (1969, Hilleman, Merck) and mumps (1967, Hilleman, Merck) The United States incidences of rubella, congenital rubella syndrome, measles, and mumps all fell by >95% in the immediate aftermath of widespread vaccination. The first 20 years of licensed measles vaccination in the U.S. prevented an estimated 52 million cases of the disease, 17,400 cases of mental retardation, and 5,200 deaths.

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

text: Other

text: notable

text: new

text: vaccines

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: include

text: those

text: for

text: measles

text: John

text: Franklin

text: Enders

text: of

text: Children

text: 's

text: Medical

text: Center

text: Boston

text: later

text: refined

text: by

text: Maurice

text: Hilleman

text: at

text: Merck

text: Rubella

text: Hilleman

text: Merck

text: and

text: mumps

text: Hilleman

text: Merck

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: incidences

text: of

text: rubella

text: congenital

text: rubella

text: syndrome

text: measles

text: and

text: mumps

text: all

text: fell

text: by

text: in

text: the

text: immediate

text: aftermath

text: of

text: widespread

text: vaccination

text: The

text: first

text: years

text: of

text: licensed

text: measles

text: vaccination

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: prevented

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: cases

text: of

text: the

text: disease

text: cases

text: of

text: mental

text: retardation

text: and

text: deaths

question: What did the first measles prevent in it's first 20 years?

answer: an estimated 52 million cases of the disease, 17,400 cases of mental retardation, and 5,200 deaths

text: an estimated 52 million cases of the disease, 17,400 cases of mental retardation, and 5,200 deaths

question: Who originally created the measles vaccine?

answer: John Franklin Enders

text: John Franklin Enders

question: How much did the occurrence of serious diseases shortly after the release of the measles vaccine?

answer: >95%

question: When did the Rubella vaccine come out?

answer: 1969

question: Who recreated the measles vaccine?

answer: Maurice Hilleman

text: Maurice Hilleman

question: In what year was the measles vaccine made?

answer: 1962

question: Who helped refine the measles vaccine?

answer: Maurice Hilleman

text: Maurice Hilleman

question: In what year was the mumps vaccine made?

answer: 1967

question: How much did rubella, measles, and mumps infections drop after vaccination?

answer: >95%

question: Measles vaccinations helped prevent how many estimated cases of the illness?

answer: 52 million

text: 52 million

question: What did the first measles prevent in its first 10 years?

question: Who originally created rubella?

text: John Franklin Enders

question: How much did the occurrence of serious diseases shortly after the release of rubella?

question: When did measles come out?

question: Who recreated measles?

text: Maurice Hilleman


text: On 20 December 2012, Pope Benedict XVI, in an audience with the Cardinal Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, declared that the late pontiff had lived a life of heroic virtue, which means that he could be called "Venerable". A miracle attributed to the intercession of Paul VI was approved on 9 May 2014 by Pope Francis. The beatification ceremony for Paul VI was held on 19 October 2014, which means that he can now be called "Blessed". His liturgical feast day is celebrated on the date of his birth, 26 September, rather than the day of his death as is usual.

title: Pope_Paul_VI

title: Pope_Paul_VI

text: On

text: December

text: Pope

text: Benedict

text: XVI

text: in

text: an

text: audience

text: with

text: the

text: Cardinal

text: Prefect

text: of

text: the

text: Congregation

text: for

text: the

text: Causes

text: of

text: Saints

text: declared

text: that

text: the

text: late

text: pontiff

text: had

text: lived

text: a

text: life

text: of

text: heroic

text: virtue

text: which

text: means

text: that

text: he

text: could

text: be

text: called

text: Venerable

text: A

text: miracle

text: attributed

text: to

text: the

text: intercession

text: of

text: Paul

text: VI

text: was

text: approved

text: on

text: May

text: by

text: Pope

text: Francis

text: The

text: beatification

text: ceremony

text: for

text: Paul

text: VI

text: was

text: held

text: on

text: October

text: which

text: means

text: that

text: he

text: can

text: now

text: be

text: called

text: Blessed

text: His

text: liturgical

text: feast

text: day

text: is

text: celebrated

text: on

text: the

text: date

text: of

text: his

text: birth

text: September

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: day

text: of

text: his

text: death

text: as

text: is

text: usual

question: In what year was Paul VI beautified?

answer: 2014

question: On what day was Paul VI born?

answer: 26 September

text: 26 September

question: Whose liturgical feast is celebrated on the 26th of September?

answer: Paul VI

text: Paul VI

question: On what day was the beautification ceremony performed for Paul VI?

answer: 19 October

text: 19 October

question: What was attributed to Paul VI and officially approved on May 9, 2014?

answer: A miracle

text: A miracle


text: Wood, in the strict sense, is yielded by trees, which increase in diameter by the formation, between the existing wood and the inner bark, of new woody layers which envelop the entire stem, living branches, and roots. This process is known as secondary growth; it is the result of cell division in the vascular cambium, a lateral meristem, and subsequent expansion of the new cells. Where there are clear seasons, growth can occur in a discrete annual or seasonal pattern, leading to growth rings; these can usually be most clearly seen on the end of a log, but are also visible on the other surfaces. If these seasons are annual these growth rings are referred to as annual rings. Where there is no seasonal difference growth rings are likely to be indistinct or absent.

title: Wood

title: Wood

text: Wood

text: in

text: the

text: strict

text: sense

text: is

text: yielded

text: by

text: trees

text: which

text: increase

text: in

text: diameter

text: by

text: the

text: formation

text: between

text: the

text: existing

text: wood

text: and

text: the

text: inner

text: bark

text: of

text: new

text: woody

text: layers

text: which

text: envelop

text: the

text: entire

text: stem

text: living

text: branches

text: and

text: roots

text: This

text: process

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: secondary

text: growth

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: cell

text: division

text: in

text: the

text: vascular

text: cambium

text: a

text: lateral

text: meristem

text: and

text: subsequent

text: expansion

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: cells

text: Where

text: there

text: are

text: clear

text: seasons

text: growth

text: can

text: occur

text: in

text: a

text: discrete

text: annual

text: or

text: seasonal

text: pattern

text: leading

text: to

text: growth

text: rings

text: these

text: can

text: usually

text: be

text: most

text: clearly

text: seen

text: on

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: a

text: log

text: but

text: are

text: also

text: visible

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: surfaces

text: If

text: these

text: seasons

text: are

text: annual

text: these

text: growth

text: rings

text: are

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: annual

text: rings

text: Where

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: seasonal

text: difference

text: growth

text: rings

text: are

text: likely

text: to

text: be

text: indistinct

text: or

text: absent

question: Where does wood come from?

answer: trees

text: trees

question: What forms in a tree to increase its diameter?

answer: woody layers

text: woody layers

question: What is the process of trees growing out to get bigger around called?

answer: secondary growth

text: secondary growth

question: What do many places have four of that would cause growth rings in a tree?

answer: seasons

text: seasons

question: If a place has annual seasons, what are the growth rings on the trees there called?

answer: annual rings

text: annual rings


text: With the decline of the Roman Empire, Alsace became the territory of the Germanic Alemanni. The Alemanni were agricultural people, and their Germanic language formed the basis of modern-day dialects spoken along the Upper Rhine (Alsatian, Alemannian, Swabian, Swiss). Clovis and the Franks defeated the Alemanni during the 5th century AD, culminating with the Battle of Tolbiac, and Alsace became part of the Kingdom of Austrasia. Under Clovis' Merovingian successors the inhabitants were Christianized. Alsace remained under Frankish control until the Frankish realm, following the Oaths of Strasbourg of 842, was formally dissolved in 843 at the Treaty of Verdun; the grandsons of Charlemagne divided the realm into three parts. Alsace formed part of the Middle Francia, which was ruled by the youngest grandson Lothar I. Lothar died early in 855 and his realm was divided into three parts. The part known as Lotharingia, or Lorraine, was given to Lothar's son. The rest was shared between Lothar's brothers Charles the Bald (ruler of the West Frankish realm) and Louis the German (ruler of the East Frankish realm). The Kingdom of Lotharingia was short-lived, however, becoming the stem duchy of Lorraine in Eastern Francia after the Treaty of Ribemont in 880. Alsace was united with the other Alemanni east of the Rhine into the stem duchy of Swabia.

title: Alsace

title: Alsace

text: With

text: the

text: decline

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: Alsace

text: became

text: the

text: territory

text: of

text: the

text: Germanic

text: Alemanni

text: The

text: Alemanni

text: were

text: agricultural

text: people

text: and

text: their

text: Germanic

text: language

text: formed

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: modern

text: day

text: dialects

text: spoken

text: along

text: the

text: Upper

text: Rhine

text: Alsatian

text: Alemannian

text: Swabian

text: Swiss

text: Clovis

text: and

text: the

text: Franks

text: defeated

text: the

text: Alemanni

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: culminating

text: with

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Tolbiac

text: and

text: Alsace

text: became

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Austrasia

text: Under

text: Clovis

text: Merovingian

text: successors

text: the

text: inhabitants

text: were

text: Christianized

text: Alsace

text: remained

text: under

text: Frankish

text: control

text: until

text: the

text: Frankish

text: realm

text: following

text: the

text: Oaths

text: of

text: Strasbourg

text: of

text: was

text: formally

text: dissolved

text: in

text: at

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Verdun

text: the

text: grandsons

text: of

text: Charlemagne

text: divided

text: the

text: realm

text: into

text: three

text: parts

text: Alsace

text: formed

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Middle

text: Francia

text: which

text: was

text: ruled

text: by

text: the

text: youngest

text: grandson

text: Lothar

text: I.

text: Lothar

text: died

text: early

text: in

text: and

text: his

text: realm

text: was

text: divided

text: into

text: three

text: parts

text: The

text: part

text: known

text: as

text: Lotharingia

text: or

text: Lorraine

text: was

text: given

text: to

text: Lothar

text: 's

text: son

text: The

text: rest

text: was

text: shared

text: between

text: Lothar

text: 's

text: brothers

text: Charles

text: the

text: Bald

text: ruler

text: of

text: the

text: West

text: Frankish

text: realm

text: and

text: Louis

text: the

text: German

text: ruler

text: of

text: the

text: East

text: Frankish

text: realm

text: The

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Lotharingia

text: was

text: short

text: lived

text: however

text: becoming

text: the

text: stem

text: duchy

text: of

text: Lorraine

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Francia

text: after

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Ribemont

text: in

text: Alsace

text: was

text: united

text: with

text: the

text: other

text: Alemanni

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Rhine

text: into

text: the

text: stem

text: duchy

text: of

text: Swabia

question: Which three territories make up the Upper Rhine?

answer: Alsatian, Alemannian, Swabian, Swiss

text: Alsatian, Alemannian, Swabian, Swiss

question: Who forced Christianity upon the Alsace people?

answer: Clovis' Merovingian

text: Clovis' Merovingian

question: What occurred at the treaty of Verdun?

answer: Oaths of Strasbourg of 842, was formally dissolved in 843

text: Oaths of Strasbourg of 842, was formally dissolved in 843

question: In what year did Lothar past away?

answer: 855

question: What languages were common in the Roman Empire?

text: Alsatian, Alemannian, Swabian, Swiss

question: When did the Alemanni conquer the Franks?

text: 5th century AD

question: Who did Alemanni ally with to defeat Clovis?

text: the Franks

question: Who was the leader of the Franks?

text: Merovingian

question: When was Lothar I born?


text: Islanders speak both English and a creole language known as Norfuk, a blend of 18th-century English and Tahitian. The Norfuk language is decreasing in popularity as more tourists travel to the island and more young people leave for work and study reasons; however, there are efforts to keep it alive via dictionaries and the renaming of some tourist attractions to their Norfuk equivalents. In 2004 an act of the Norfolk Island Assembly made it a co-official language of the island. The act is long-titled: "An Act to recognise the Norfolk Island Language (Norf'k) as an official language of Norfolk Island." The "language known as 'Norf'k'" is described as the language "that is spoken by descendants of the first free settlers of Norfolk Island who were descendants of the settlers of Pitcairn Island". The act recognises and protects use of the language but does not require it; in official use, it must be accompanied by an accurate translation into English. 32% of the total population reported speaking a language other than English in the 2011 census, and just under three-quarters of the ordinarily resident population could speak Norfuk.

title: Norfolk_Island

title: Norfolk_Island

text: Islanders

text: speak

text: both

text: English

text: and

text: a

text: creole

text: language

text: known

text: as

text: Norfuk

text: a

text: blend

text: of

text: century

text: English

text: and

text: Tahitian

text: The

text: Norfuk

text: language

text: is

text: decreasing

text: in

text: popularity

text: as

text: more

text: tourists

text: travel

text: to

text: the

text: island

text: and

text: more

text: young

text: people

text: leave

text: for

text: work

text: and

text: study

text: reasons

text: however

text: there

text: are

text: efforts

text: to

text: keep

text: it

text: alive

text: via

text: dictionaries

text: and

text: the

text: renaming

text: of

text: some

text: tourist

text: attractions

text: to

text: their

text: Norfuk

text: equivalents

text: In

text: an

text: act

text: of

text: the

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: Assembly

text: made

text: it

text: a

text: co

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: The

text: act

text: is

text: long

text: titled

text: An

text: Act

text: to

text: recognise

text: the

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: Language

text: Norf'k

text: as

text: an

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: The

text: language

text: known

text: as

text: Norf'k

text: is

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: language

text: that

text: is

text: spoken

text: by

text: descendants

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: free

text: settlers

text: of

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: who

text: were

text: descendants

text: of

text: the

text: settlers

text: of

text: Pitcairn

text: Island

text: The

text: act

text: recognises

text: and

text: protects

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: language

text: but

text: does

text: not

text: require

text: it

text: in

text: official

text: use

text: it

text: must

text: be

text: accompanied

text: by

text: an

text: accurate

text: translation

text: into

text: English

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: population

text: reported

text: speaking

text: a

text: language

text: other

text: than

text: English

text: in

text: the

text: census

text: and

text: just

text: under

text: three

text: quarters

text: of

text: the

text: ordinarily

text: resident

text: population

text: could

text: speak

text: Norfuk

question: What languages do residents of Norfolk Island speak?

answer: English and a creole language known as Norfuk

text: English and a creole language known as Norfuk

question: What is the Norfuk language a mixture of?

answer: 18th-century English and Tahitian

text: 18th-century English and Tahitian

question: The Norfuk language of Norfolk Island was first spoken by whom?

answer: descendants of the first free settlers of Norfolk Island who were descendants of the settlers of Pitcairn Island

text: descendants of the first free settlers of Norfolk Island who were descendants of the settlers of Pitcairn Island

question: What is the official co-language of Norfolk Island?

answer: The Norfuk language

text: The Norfuk language

question: What part of the residents of Norfolk Island could speak Norfuk as of 2011?

answer: under three-quarters

text: under three-quarters

question: What languages do residents of Norfolk Island restrict?

question: What is the Norfuk language not influenced by?

text: 18th-century English and Tahitian

question: What is the unofficial co-language of Norfolk Island?

text: The Norfuk language

question: What portion of the residents of Norfolk Island don't understand any Norfuk as of 2011?

text: under three-quarters