text: The road to Yorktown and America's independence from Great Britain led through North Carolina. As the British Army moved north from victories in Charleston and Camden, South Carolina, the Southern Division of the Continental Army and local militia prepared to meet them. Following General Daniel Morgan's victory over the British Cavalry Commander Banastre Tarleton at the Battle of Cowpens on January 17, 1781, southern commander Nathanael Greene led British Lord Charles Cornwallis across the heartland of North Carolina, and away from the latter's base of supply in Charleston, South Carolina. This campaign is known as "The Race to the Dan" or "The Race for the River."

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: The

text: road

text: to

text: Yorktown

text: and

text: America

text: 's

text: independence

text: from

text: Great

text: Britain

text: led

text: through

text: North

text: Carolina

text: As

text: the

text: British

text: Army

text: moved

text: north

text: from

text: victories

text: in

text: Charleston

text: and

text: Camden

text: South

text: Carolina

text: the

text: Southern

text: Division

text: of

text: the

text: Continental

text: Army

text: and

text: local

text: militia

text: prepared

text: to

text: meet

text: them

text: Following

text: General

text: Daniel

text: Morgan

text: 's

text: victory

text: over

text: the

text: British

text: Cavalry

text: Commander

text: Banastre

text: Tarleton

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Cowpens

text: on

text: January

text: southern

text: commander

text: Nathanael

text: Greene

text: led

text: British

text: Lord

text: Charles

text: Cornwallis

text: across

text: the

text: heartland

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: and

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: latter

text: 's

text: base

text: of

text: supply

text: in

text: Charleston

text: South

text: Carolina

text: This

text: campaign

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: The

text: Race

text: to

text: the

text: Dan

text: or

text: The

text: Race

text: for

text: the

text: River

question: Who met the British army as they moved north?

answer: the Southern Division of the Continental Army and local militia

text: the Southern Division of the Continental Army and local militia

question: Who lost the battle of Cowpens?

answer: the British Cavalry

text: the British Cavalry

question: Who led the British calvary at Cowpen?

answer: Commander Banastre Tarleton

text: Commander Banastre Tarleton

question: What was the date of the battle of Cowpens?

answer: January 17, 1781

text: January 17, 1781

question: What is another name for the race to the Dan?

answer: The Race for the River

text: The Race for the River


text: The monastic communities of the Judean Desert also decorated their monasteries with mosaic floors. The Monastery of Martyrius was founded in the end of the 5th century and it was re-discovered in 1982–85. The most important work of art here is the intact geometric mosaic floor of the refectory although the severely damaged church floor was similarly rich. The mosaics in the church of the nearby Monastery of Euthymius are of later date (discovered in 1930). They were laid down in the Umayyad era, after a devastating earthquake in 659. Two six pointed stars and a red chalice are the most important surviving features.

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: The

text: monastic

text: communities

text: of

text: the

text: Judean

text: Desert

text: also

text: decorated

text: their

text: monasteries

text: with

text: mosaic

text: floors

text: The

text: Monastery

text: of

text: Martyrius

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: re

text: discovered

text: in

text: The

text: most

text: important

text: work

text: of

text: art

text: here

text: is

text: the

text: intact

text: geometric

text: mosaic

text: floor

text: of

text: the

text: refectory

text: although

text: the

text: severely

text: damaged

text: church

text: floor

text: was

text: similarly

text: rich

text: The

text: mosaics

text: in

text: the

text: church

text: of

text: the

text: nearby

text: Monastery

text: of

text: Euthymius

text: are

text: of

text: later

text: date

text: discovered

text: in

text: They

text: were

text: laid

text: down

text: in

text: the

text: Umayyad

text: era

text: after

text: a

text: devastating

text: earthquake

text: in

text: Two

text: six

text: pointed

text: stars

text: and

text: a

text: red

text: chalice

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: surviving

text: features

question: The churches of which desert decorated their monasteries with mosaics?

answer: the Judean

text: the Judean

question: When was the Monastery of Martyrius created?

answer: the end of the 5th century

text: the end of the 5th century

question: When was the Monastery of Martyrius re-discovered?

answer: in 1982–85

text: in 1982–85

question: Where in the Monastery of Martyrius is the most important mosaic work?

answer: the refectory

text: the refectory

question: What was the name of the monastery that was discovered in 1930?

answer: Monastery of Euthymius

text: Monastery of Euthymius


text: Each season premieres with the audition round, taking place in different cities. The audition episodes typically feature a mix of potential finalists, interesting characters and woefully inadequate contestants. Each successful contestant receives a golden ticket to proceed on to the next round in Hollywood. Based on their performances during the Hollywood round (Las Vegas round for seasons 10 onwards), 24 to 36 contestants are selected by the judges to participate in the semifinals. From the semifinal onwards the contestants perform their songs live, with the judges making their critiques after each performance. The contestants are voted for by the viewing public, and the outcome of the public votes is then revealed in the results show typically on the following night. The results shows feature group performances by the contestants as well as guest performers. The Top-three results show also features the homecoming events for the Top 3 finalists. The season reaches its climax in a two-hour results finale show, where the winner of the season is revealed.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: Each

text: season

text: premieres

text: with

text: the

text: audition

text: round

text: taking

text: place

text: in

text: different

text: cities

text: The

text: audition

text: episodes

text: typically

text: feature

text: a

text: mix

text: of

text: potential

text: finalists

text: interesting

text: characters

text: and

text: woefully

text: inadequate

text: contestants

text: Each

text: successful

text: contestant

text: receives

text: a

text: golden

text: ticket

text: to

text: proceed

text: on

text: to

text: the

text: next

text: round

text: in

text: Hollywood

text: Based

text: on

text: their

text: performances

text: during

text: the

text: Hollywood

text: round

text: Las

text: Vegas

text: round

text: for

text: seasons

text: onwards

text: to

text: contestants

text: are

text: selected

text: by

text: the

text: judges

text: to

text: participate

text: in

text: the

text: semifinals

text: From

text: the

text: semifinal

text: onwards

text: the

text: contestants

text: perform

text: their

text: songs

text: live

text: with

text: the

text: judges

text: making

text: their

text: critiques

text: after

text: each

text: performance

text: The

text: contestants

text: are

text: voted

text: for

text: by

text: the

text: viewing

text: public

text: and

text: the

text: outcome

text: of

text: the

text: public

text: votes

text: is

text: then

text: revealed

text: in

text: the

text: results

text: show

text: typically

text: on

text: the

text: following

text: night

text: The

text: results

text: shows

text: feature

text: group

text: performances

text: by

text: the

text: contestants

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: guest

text: performers

text: The

text: Top

text: three

text: results

text: show

text: also

text: features

text: the

text: homecoming

text: events

text: for

text: the

text: Top

text: finalists

text: The

text: season

text: reaches

text: its

text: climax

text: in

text: a

text: two

text: hour

text: results

text: finale

text: show

text: where

text: the

text: winner

text: of

text: the

text: season

text: is

text: revealed

question: What is given to contestants who make it past the audition round?

answer: a golden ticket

text: a golden ticket

question: In the audition rounds, what do contestants who win the approval of the judges receive?

answer: a golden ticket

text: a golden ticket

question: Who votes for the winning contestants starting with the semi-final round?

answer: the public

text: the public


text: In other cities, class conflict was more evident. Over a quarter of London's population had left the city by November 1940. Civilians left for more remote areas of the country. Upsurges in population south Wales and Gloucester intimated where these displaced people went. Other reasons, including industry dispersal may have been a factor. However, resentment of rich self-evacuees or hostile treatment of poor ones were signs of persistence of class resentments although these factors did not appear to threaten social order. The total number of evacuees numbered 1.4 million, including a high proportion from the poorest inner-city families. Reception committees were completely unprepared for the condition of some of the children. Far from displaying the nation's unity in time of war, the scheme backfired, often aggravating class antagonism and bolstering prejudice about the urban poor. Within four months, 88% of evacuated mothers, 86% of small children, and 43% of school children had been returned home. The lack of bombing in the Phoney War contributed significantly to the return of people to the cities, but class conflict was not eased a year later when evacuation operations had to be put into effect again.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: In

text: other

text: cities

text: class

text: conflict

text: was

text: more

text: evident

text: Over

text: a

text: quarter

text: of

text: London

text: 's

text: population

text: had

text: left

text: the

text: city

text: by

text: November

text: Civilians

text: left

text: for

text: more

text: remote

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Upsurges

text: in

text: population

text: south

text: Wales

text: and

text: Gloucester

text: intimated

text: where

text: these

text: displaced

text: people

text: went

text: Other

text: reasons

text: including

text: industry

text: dispersal

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: a

text: factor

text: However

text: resentment

text: of

text: rich

text: self

text: evacuees

text: or

text: hostile

text: treatment

text: of

text: poor

text: ones

text: were

text: signs

text: of

text: persistence

text: of

text: class

text: resentments

text: although

text: these

text: factors

text: did

text: not

text: appear

text: to

text: threaten

text: social

text: order

text: The

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: evacuees

text: numbered

text: million

text: including

text: a

text: high

text: proportion

text: from

text: the

text: poorest

text: inner

text: city

text: families

text: Reception

text: committees

text: were

text: completely

text: unprepared

text: for

text: the

text: condition

text: of

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: children

text: Far

text: from

text: displaying

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: unity

text: in

text: time

text: of

text: war

text: the

text: scheme

text: backfired

text: often

text: aggravating

text: class

text: antagonism

text: and

text: bolstering

text: prejudice

text: about

text: the

text: urban

text: poor

text: Within

text: four

text: months

text: of

text: evacuated

text: mothers

text: of

text: small

text: children

text: and

text: of

text: school

text: children

text: had

text: been

text: returned

text: home

text: The

text: lack

text: of

text: bombing

text: in

text: the

text: Phoney

text: War

text: contributed

text: significantly

text: to

text: the

text: return

text: of

text: people

text: to

text: the

text: cities

text: but

text: class

text: conflict

text: was

text: not

text: eased

text: a

text: year

text: later

text: when

text: evacuation

text: operations

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: put

text: into

text: effect

text: again

question: How much of London's population left?

answer: Over a quarter

text: Over a quarter

question: What locations saw an increase in populations?

answer: south Wales and Gloucester

text: south Wales and Gloucester

question: What was another reason for populations moving?

answer: industry dispersal may have been a factor

text: industry dispersal may have been a factor

question: How many evacuees were there?

answer: 1.4 million

text: 1.4 million

question: How much of the population returned in four months?

answer: 88% of evacuated mothers, 86% of small children, and 43% of school children

text: 88% of evacuated mothers, 86% of small children, and 43% of school children


text: The first amniotes apparently arose in the Late Carboniferous. They descended from earlier reptiliomorph amphibious tetrapods, which lived on land that was already inhabited by insects and other invertebrates as well as by ferns, mosses and other plants. Within a few million years, two important amniote lineages became distinct: the synapsids, which would later include the common ancestor of the mammals; and the sauropsids, which would eventually come to include turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodilians, dinosaurs and birds. Synapsids have a single hole (temporal fenestra) low on each side of the skull.

title: Mammal

title: Mammal

text: The

text: first

text: amniotes

text: apparently

text: arose

text: in

text: the

text: Late

text: Carboniferous

text: They

text: descended

text: from

text: earlier

text: reptiliomorph

text: amphibious

text: tetrapods

text: which

text: lived

text: on

text: land

text: that

text: was

text: already

text: inhabited

text: by

text: insects

text: and

text: other

text: invertebrates

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: by

text: ferns

text: mosses

text: and

text: other

text: plants

text: Within

text: a

text: few

text: million

text: years

text: two

text: important

text: amniote

text: lineages

text: became

text: distinct

text: the

text: synapsids

text: which

text: would

text: later

text: include

text: the

text: common

text: ancestor

text: of

text: the

text: mammals

text: and

text: the

text: sauropsids

text: which

text: would

text: eventually

text: come

text: to

text: include

text: turtles

text: lizards

text: snakes

text: crocodilians

text: dinosaurs

text: and

text: birds

text: Synapsids

text: have

text: a

text: single

text: hole

text: temporal

text: fenestra

text: low

text: on

text: each

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: skull

question: From which period did the first known amniotes arise from?

answer: Carboniferous

text: Carboniferous

question: From which group did amniotes descendents of?

answer: reptiliomorph amphibious tetrapods

text: reptiliomorph amphibious tetrapods

question: Two important Amniotes  lineages became distinct, what was the name of that distinction?

answer: the synapsids

text: the synapsids

question: Sauropsids would later include which other animals into its group?

answer: turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodilians, dinosaurs and birds

text: turtles, lizards, snakes, crocodilians, dinosaurs and birds

question: What is a distinct trait of Synapsids?

answer: single hole (temporal fenestra) low on each side of the skull

text: single hole (temporal fenestra) low on each side of the skull

question: From what period did the first insects come from?

text: Late Carboniferous

question: What already inhabited the synapsids?

question: When did amphibious tetrapods become prominent?

text: Within a few million years

question: What do amniotes have on each side of the skull?

text: a single hole (temporal fenestra)

question: What animals were later included in the carboniferous group?


text: Mathematicians often strive for a complete classification (or list) of a mathematical notion. In the context of finite groups, this aim leads to difficult mathematics. According to Lagrange's theorem, finite groups of order p, a prime number, are necessarily cyclic (abelian) groups Zp. Groups of order p2 can also be shown to be abelian, a statement which does not generalize to order p3, as the non-abelian group D4 of order 8 = 23 above shows. Computer algebra systems can be used to list small groups, but there is no classification of all finite groups.q[›] An intermediate step is the classification of finite simple groups.r[›] A nontrivial group is called simple if its only normal subgroups are the trivial group and the group itself.s[›] The Jordan–Hölder theorem exhibits finite simple groups as the building blocks for all finite groups. Listing all finite simple groups was a major achievement in contemporary group theory. 1998 Fields Medal winner Richard Borcherds succeeded in proving the monstrous moonshine conjectures, a surprising and deep relation between the largest finite simple sporadic group—the "monster group"—and certain modular functions, a piece of classical complex analysis, and string theory, a theory supposed to unify the description of many physical phenomena.

title: Group_(mathematics)

title: Group_(mathematics

text: Mathematicians

text: often

text: strive

text: for

text: a

text: complete

text: classification

text: or

text: list

text: of

text: a

text: mathematical

text: notion

text: In

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: finite

text: groups

text: this

text: aim

text: leads

text: to

text: difficult

text: mathematics

text: According

text: to

text: Lagrange

text: 's

text: theorem

text: finite

text: groups

text: of

text: order

text: p

text: a

text: prime

text: number

text: are

text: necessarily

text: cyclic

text: abelian

text: groups

text: Zp

text: Groups

text: of

text: order

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: shown

text: to

text: be

text: abelian

text: a

text: statement

text: which

text: does

text: not

text: generalize

text: to

text: order

text: as

text: the

text: non

text: abelian

text: group

text: of

text: order

text: above

text: shows

text: Computer

text: algebra

text: systems

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: list

text: small

text: groups

text: but

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: classification

text: of

text: all

text: finite

text: groups.q[›

text: An

text: intermediate

text: step

text: is

text: the

text: classification

text: of

text: finite

text: simple

text: groups.r[›

text: A

text: nontrivial

text: group

text: is

text: called

text: simple

text: if

text: its

text: only

text: normal

text: subgroups

text: are

text: the

text: trivial

text: group

text: and

text: the

text: group

text: itself.s[›

text: The

text: Jordan

text: Hölder

text: theorem

text: exhibits

text: finite

text: simple

text: groups

text: as

text: the

text: building

text: blocks

text: for

text: all

text: finite

text: groups

text: Listing

text: all

text: finite

text: simple

text: groups

text: was

text: a

text: major

text: achievement

text: in

text: contemporary

text: group

text: theory

text: Fields

text: Medal

text: winner

text: Richard

text: Borcherds

text: succeeded

text: in

text: proving

text: the

text: monstrous

text: moonshine

text: conjectures

text: a

text: surprising

text: and

text: deep

text: relation

text: between

text: the

text: largest

text: finite

text: simple

text: sporadic

text: group

text: the

text: monster

text: group

text: and

text: certain

text: modular

text: functions

text: a

text: piece

text: of

text: classical

text: complex

text: analysis

text: and

text: string

text: theory

text: a

text: theory

text: supposed

text: to

text: unify

text: the

text: description

text: of

text: many

text: physical

text: phenomena

question: What level of finality do mathematicians try to reach with math concepts?

answer: complete classification

text: complete classification

question: What area of classification leads to troublesome arithmetic?

answer: finite groups

text: finite groups

question: What defines finite groups of order p, a prime number, as being necessarily cyclic (abelian) groups Zp?

answer: Lagrange's theorem

text: Lagrange's theorem

question: What can be used to classify small groups even though there is no classification of all finite groups?

answer: Computer algebra systems

text: Computer algebra systems

question: What describes finite simple groups as the building pieces for all finite groups?

answer: The Jordan–Hölder theorem

text: The Jordan–Hölder theorem

question: Both p2 and p3 are what?

text: abelian

question: What is used to classify all finite groups?

text: Computer algebra systems

question: When was the Jordan-Holder theorem published?

question: What did Richard Borcherd make a complete classification of?

text: a mathematical notion

question: What theorem details the link between the largest finite group and modular functions?

text: Jordan–Hölder


text: The oak forests generally lack the diverse small tree, shrub and herb layers of mesic forests. Shrubs are generally ericaceous, and include the evergreen mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia), various species of blueberries (Vaccinium spp.), black huckleberry (Gaylussacia baccata), a number of deciduous rhododendrons (azaleas), and smaller heaths such as teaberry (Gaultheria procumbens) and trailing arbutus (Epigaea repens ). The evergreen great rhododendron (Rhododendron maximum) is characteristic of moist stream valleys. These occurrences are in line with the prevailing acidic character of most oak forest soils. In contrast, the much rarer chinquapin oak (Quercus muehlenbergii) demands alkaline soils and generally grows where limestone rock is near the surface. Hence no ericaceous shrubs are associated with it.

title: Appalachian_Mountains

title: Appalachian_Mountains

text: The

text: oak

text: forests

text: generally

text: lack

text: the

text: diverse

text: small

text: tree

text: shrub

text: and

text: herb

text: layers

text: of

text: mesic

text: forests

text: Shrubs

text: are

text: generally

text: ericaceous

text: and

text: include

text: the

text: evergreen

text: mountain

text: laurel

text: Kalmia

text: latifolia

text: various

text: species

text: of

text: blueberries

text: Vaccinium

text: spp

text: black

text: huckleberry

text: Gaylussacia

text: baccata

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: deciduous

text: rhododendrons

text: azaleas

text: and

text: smaller

text: heaths

text: such

text: as

text: teaberry

text: Gaultheria

text: procumbens

text: and

text: trailing

text: arbutus

text: Epigaea

text: repens

text: The

text: evergreen

text: great

text: rhododendron

text: Rhododendron

text: maximum

text: is

text: characteristic

text: of

text: moist

text: stream

text: valleys

text: These

text: occurrences

text: are

text: in

text: line

text: with

text: the

text: prevailing

text: acidic

text: character

text: of

text: most

text: oak

text: forest

text: soils

text: In

text: contrast

text: the

text: much

text: rarer

text: chinquapin

text: oak

text: Quercus

text: muehlenbergii

text: demands

text: alkaline

text: soils

text: and

text: generally

text: grows

text: where

text: limestone

text: rock

text: is

text: near

text: the

text: surface

text: Hence

text: no

text: ericaceous

text: shrubs

text: are

text: associated

text: with

text: it

question: What type of layers do oak forests have plenty of?

text: small tree, shrub and herb

question: What type of soils do most mesic forests have?

text: acidic

question: What type of rock do rhododendrons grow near?

text: limestone

question: What is rarely found near moist areas?

text: great rhododendron

question: What is the name of the shrub associated with the chinquapin oak?

text: Kalmia latifolia


text: Founded by free settlers from the British Crown colony of Van Diemen's Land on 30 August 1835, in what was then the colony of New South Wales, it was incorporated as a Crown settlement in 1837. It was named "Melbourne" by the Governor of New South Wales, Sir Richard Bourke, in honour of the British Prime Minister of the day, William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne. It was officially declared a city by Queen Victoria in 1847, after which it became the capital of the newly founded colony of Victoria in 1851. During the Victorian gold rush of the 1850s, it was transformed into one of the world's largest and wealthiest cities. After the federation of Australia in 1901, it served as the nation's interim seat of government until 1927.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: Founded

text: by

text: free

text: settlers

text: from

text: the

text: British

text: Crown

text: colony

text: of

text: Van

text: Diemen

text: 's

text: Land

text: on

text: August

text: in

text: what

text: was

text: then

text: the

text: colony

text: of

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: it

text: was

text: incorporated

text: as

text: a

text: Crown

text: settlement

text: in

text: It

text: was

text: named

text: Melbourne

text: by

text: the

text: Governor

text: of

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: Sir

text: Richard

text: Bourke

text: in

text: honour

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: the

text: day

text: William

text: Lamb

text: Viscount

text: Melbourne

text: It

text: was

text: officially

text: declared

text: a

text: city

text: by

text: Queen

text: Victoria

text: in

text: after

text: which

text: it

text: became

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: newly

text: founded

text: colony

text: of

text: Victoria

text: in

text: During

text: the

text: Victorian

text: gold

text: rush

text: of

text: the

text: it

text: was

text: transformed

text: into

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: and

text: wealthiest

text: cities

text: After

text: the

text: federation

text: of

text: Australia

text: in

text: it

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: interim

text: seat

text: of

text: government

text: until

question: Who was Melbourne named by?

answer: the Governor of New South Wales, Sir Richard Bourke

text: the Governor of New South Wales, Sir Richard Bourke

question: Who was Melbourne named in honor of?

answer: the British Prime Minister of the day, William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne

text: the British Prime Minister of the day, William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne

question: What year was Melbourne officially declared a city?

answer: 1847

question: What year did Melbourne cease in serving as the nations interim seat of government?

answer: 1927

question: Melbourne became the capital of what colony in 1851?

answer: Victoria

text: Victoria


text: Kumari Ghar is a palace in the center of the Kathmandu city, next to the Durbar square where a Royal Kumari selected from several Kumaris resides. Kumari, or Kumari Devi, is the tradition of worshipping young pre-pubescent girls as manifestations of the divine female energy or devi in South Asian countries. In Nepal the selection process is very rigorous. Kumari is believed to be the bodily incarnation of the goddess Taleju (the Nepali name for Durga) until she menstruates, after which it is believed that the goddess vacates her body. Serious illness or a major loss of blood from an injury are also causes for her to revert to common status. The current Royal Kumari, Matina Shakya, age four, was installed in October 2008 by the Maoist government that replaced the monarchy.

title: Kathmandu

title: Kathmandu

text: Kumari

text: Ghar

text: is

text: a

text: palace

text: in

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: Kathmandu

text: city

text: next

text: to

text: the

text: Durbar

text: square

text: where

text: a

text: Royal

text: Kumari

text: selected

text: from

text: several

text: Kumaris

text: resides

text: Kumari

text: or

text: Kumari

text: Devi

text: is

text: the

text: tradition

text: of

text: worshipping

text: young

text: pre

text: pubescent

text: girls

text: as

text: manifestations

text: of

text: the

text: divine

text: female

text: energy

text: or

text: devi

text: in

text: South

text: Asian

text: countries

text: In

text: Nepal

text: the

text: selection

text: process

text: is

text: very

text: rigorous

text: Kumari

text: is

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: bodily

text: incarnation

text: of

text: the

text: goddess

text: Taleju

text: the

text: Nepali

text: name

text: for

text: Durga

text: until

text: she

text: menstruates

text: after

text: which

text: it

text: is

text: believed

text: that

text: the

text: goddess

text: vacates

text: her

text: body

text: Serious

text: illness

text: or

text: a

text: major

text: loss

text: of

text: blood

text: from

text: an

text: injury

text: are

text: also

text: causes

text: for

text: her

text: to

text: revert

text: to

text: common

text: status

text: The

text: current

text: Royal

text: Kumari

text: Matina

text: Shakya

text: age

text: four

text: was

text: installed

text: in

text: October

text: by

text: the

text: Maoist

text: government

text: that

text: replaced

text: the

text: monarchy

question: What is Durga called in Nepali?

answer: Taleju

text: Taleju

question: How long is Kumari believed to incarnate Taleju?

answer: until she menstruates

text: until she menstruates

question: Who was the Royal Kumari as of late 2008?

answer: Matina Shakya

text: Matina Shakya

question: What type of government did Nepal have after the monarchy?

answer: Maoist

text: Maoist


text: RIBA runs many awards including the Stirling Prize for the best new building of the year, the Royal Gold Medal (first awarded in 1848), which honours a distinguished body of work, and the Stephen Lawrence Prize for projects with a construction budget of less than £500,000. The RIBA also awards the President's Medals for student work, which are regarded as the most prestigious awards in architectural education, and the RIBA President's Awards for Research. The RIBA European Award was inaugurated in 2005 for work in the European Union, outside the UK. The RIBA National Award and the RIBA International Award were established in 2007. Since 1966, the RIBA also judges regional awards which are presented locally in the UK regions (East, East Midlands, London, North East, North West, Northern Ireland, Scotland, South/South East, South West/Wessex, Wales, West Midlands and Yorkshire).

title: Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

title: Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

text: RIBA

text: runs

text: many

text: awards

text: including

text: the

text: Stirling

text: Prize

text: for

text: the

text: best

text: new

text: building

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: the

text: Royal

text: Gold

text: Medal

text: first

text: awarded

text: in

text: which

text: honours

text: a

text: distinguished

text: body

text: of

text: work

text: and

text: the

text: Stephen

text: Lawrence

text: Prize

text: for

text: projects

text: with

text: a

text: construction

text: budget

text: of

text: less

text: than

text: The

text: RIBA

text: also

text: awards

text: the

text: President

text: 's

text: Medals

text: for

text: student

text: work

text: which

text: are

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: prestigious

text: awards

text: in

text: architectural

text: education

text: and

text: the

text: RIBA

text: President

text: 's

text: Awards

text: for

text: Research

text: The

text: RIBA

text: European

text: Award

text: was

text: inaugurated

text: in

text: for

text: work

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: outside

text: the

text: UK

text: The

text: RIBA

text: National

text: Award

text: and

text: the

text: RIBA

text: International

text: Award

text: were

text: established

text: in

text: Since

text: the

text: RIBA

text: also

text: judges

text: regional

text: awards

text: which

text: are

text: presented

text: locally

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: regions

text: East

text: East

text: Midlands

text: London

text: North

text: East

text: North

text: West

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: Scotland

text: South

text: South

text: East

text: South

text: West

text: Wessex

text: Wales

text: West

text: Midlands

text: and

text: Yorkshire

question: What does the Royal Institute of British Architects award the Stirling Prize for?

answer: the best new building of the year

text: the best new building of the year

question: What was the first year in which RIBA's Royal Gold Medal was given?

answer: 1848

question: What is the Royal Gold Medal awarded for?

answer: a distinguished body of work

text: a distinguished body of work

question: What is the limit of how much can be spent on projects receiving the Stephen Lawrence Prize?

answer: £500,000

question: What is the name of the RIBA awards given to students of architecture?

answer: the President's Medals

text: the President's Medals

question: What does the Royal Institute of British Architects no longer award the Stirling Prize for?

text: the best new building of the year

question: What was the last year in which RIBA's Royal Gold Medal was given?

question: What is the Royal Gold Medal removed from?

text: a distinguished body of work

question: What is the limit of how much can be taken from projects receiving the Stephen Lawrence Prize?

question: What is the name of the RIBA awards given to professors of architecture?

text: the President's Medals


text: FC Barcelona had a successful start in regional and national cups, competing in the Campionat de Catalunya and the Copa del Rey. In 1902, the club won its first trophy, the Copa Macaya, and participated in the first Copa del Rey, losing 1–2 to Bizcaya in the final. Hans Gamper — now known as Joan Gamper — became club president in 1908, finding the club in financial difficulty after not winning a competition since the Campionat de Catalunya in 1905. Club president on five separate occasions between 1908 and 1925, he spent 25 years in total at the helm. One of his main achievements was ensuring Barça acquire its own stadium and thus generate a stable income.

title: FC_Barcelona

title: FC_Barcelona

text: FC

text: Barcelona

text: had

text: a

text: successful

text: start

text: in

text: regional

text: and

text: national

text: cups

text: competing

text: in

text: the

text: Campionat

text: de

text: Catalunya

text: and

text: the

text: Copa

text: del

text: Rey

text: In

text: the

text: club

text: won

text: its

text: first

text: trophy

text: the

text: Copa

text: Macaya

text: and

text: participated

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: Copa

text: del

text: Rey

text: losing

text: to

text: Bizcaya

text: in

text: the

text: final

text: Hans

text: Gamper

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: Joan

text: Gamper

text: became

text: club

text: president

text: in

text: finding

text: the

text: club

text: in

text: financial

text: difficulty

text: after

text: not

text: winning

text: a

text: competition

text: since

text: the

text: Campionat

text: de

text: Catalunya

text: in

text: Club

text: president

text: on

text: five

text: separate

text: occasions

text: between

text: and

text: he

text: spent

text: years

text: in

text: total

text: at

text: the

text: helm

text: One

text: of

text: his

text: main

text: achievements

text: was

text: ensuring

text: Barça

text: acquire

text: its

text: own

text: stadium

text: and

text: thus

text: generate

text: a

text: stable

text: income

question: In what year did Barcelona win its first trophy?

answer: 1902

question: What was the first cup Barcelona won?

answer: Copa Macaya

text: Copa Macaya

question: When did Joan Gamper become the president of the Barcelona club?

answer: 1908

question: How many times between 1908 and 1925 was Gamper president?

answer: five

text: five

question: Why did Gamper want Barcelona to acquire a stadium of its own?

answer: stable income

text: stable income


text: The Boston Public Schools enrolls 57,000 students attending 145 schools, including the renowned Boston Latin Academy, John D. O'Bryant School of Math & Science, and Boston Latin School. The Boston Latin School, established 1635, is the oldest public high school in the US; Boston also operates the United States' second oldest public high school, and its oldest public elementary school. The system's students are 40% Hispanic or Latino, 35% Black or African American, 13% White, and 9% Asian. There are private, parochial, and charter schools as well, and approximately 3,300 minority students attend participating suburban schools through the Metropolitan Educational Opportunity Council.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: The

text: Boston

text: Public

text: Schools

text: enrolls

text: students

text: attending

text: schools

text: including

text: the

text: renowned

text: Boston

text: Latin

text: Academy

text: John

text: D.

text: O'Bryant

text: School

text: of

text: Math

text: Science

text: and

text: Boston

text: Latin

text: School

text: The

text: Boston

text: Latin

text: School

text: established

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: public

text: high

text: school

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: Boston

text: also

text: operates

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: second

text: oldest

text: public

text: high

text: school

text: and

text: its

text: oldest

text: public

text: elementary

text: school

text: The

text: system

text: 's

text: students

text: are

text: Hispanic

text: or

text: Latino

text: Black

text: or

text: African

text: American

text: White

text: and

text: Asian

text: There

text: are

text: private

text: parochial

text: and

text: charter

text: schools

text: as

text: well

text: and

text: approximately

text: minority

text: students

text: attend

text: participating

text: suburban

text: schools

text: through

text: the

text: Metropolitan

text: Educational

text: Opportunity

text: Council

question: How many students are in Boston Public schools?

answer: 57,000

question: How many schools are in Boston?

answer: 145 schools

text: 145 schools

question: What is the oldest public high school in the US?

answer: The Boston Latin School

text: The Boston Latin School

question: What percentage of Bostons public students are African American?

answer: 35%


text: Near the intersection of Craycroft and Ft. Lowell Roads are the remnants of the Historic Fort Lowell. This area has become one of Tucson's iconic neighborhoods. In 1891, the Fort was abandoned and much of the interior was stripped of their useful components and it quickly fell into ruin. In 1900, three of the officer buildings were purchased for use as a sanitarium. The sanitarium was then sold to Harvey Adkins in 1928. The Bolsius family Pete, Nan and Charles Bolsius purchased and renovated surviving adobe buildings of the Fort – transforming them into spectacular artistic southwestern architectural examples. Their woodwork, plaster treatment and sense of proportion drew on their Dutch heritage and New Mexican experience. Other artists and academics throughout the middle of the 20th century, including: Win Ellis, Jack Maul, Madame Cheruy, Giorgio Belloli, Charels Bode, Veronica Hughart, Edward and Rosamond Spicer, Hazel Larson Archer and Ruth Brown, renovated adobes, built homes and lived in the area. The artist colony attracted writers and poets including beat generation Alan Harrington and Jack Kerouac whose visit is documented in his iconic book On the Road. This rural pocket in the middle of the city is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Each year in February the neighborhood celebrates its history in the City Landmark it owns and restored the San Pedro Chapel.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: Near

text: the

text: intersection

text: of

text: Craycroft

text: and

text: Ft

text: Lowell

text: Roads

text: are

text: the

text: remnants

text: of

text: the

text: Historic

text: Fort

text: Lowell

text: This

text: area

text: has

text: become

text: one

text: of

text: Tucson

text: 's

text: iconic

text: neighborhoods

text: In

text: the

text: Fort

text: was

text: abandoned

text: and

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: interior

text: was

text: stripped

text: of

text: their

text: useful

text: components

text: and

text: it

text: quickly

text: fell

text: into

text: ruin

text: In

text: three

text: of

text: the

text: officer

text: buildings

text: were

text: purchased

text: for

text: use

text: as

text: a

text: sanitarium

text: The

text: sanitarium

text: was

text: then

text: sold

text: to

text: Harvey

text: Adkins

text: in

text: The

text: Bolsius

text: family

text: Pete

text: and

text: Charles

text: Bolsius

text: purchased

text: and

text: renovated

text: surviving

text: adobe

text: buildings

text: of

text: the

text: Fort

text: transforming

text: them

text: into

text: spectacular

text: artistic

text: southwestern

text: architectural

text: examples

text: Their

text: woodwork

text: plaster

text: treatment

text: and

text: sense

text: of

text: proportion

text: drew

text: on

text: their

text: Dutch

text: heritage

text: and

text: New

text: Mexican

text: experience

text: Other

text: artists

text: and

text: academics

text: throughout

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: including

text: Win

text: Ellis

text: Jack

text: Maul

text: Madame

text: Cheruy

text: Giorgio

text: Belloli

text: Charels

text: Bode

text: Veronica

text: Hughart

text: Edward

text: and

text: Rosamond

text: Spicer

text: Hazel

text: Larson

text: Archer

text: and

text: Ruth

text: Brown

text: renovated

text: adobes

text: built

text: homes

text: and

text: lived

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: The

text: artist

text: colony

text: attracted

text: writers

text: and

text: poets

text: including

text: beat

text: generation

text: Alan

text: Harrington

text: and

text: Jack

text: Kerouac

text: whose

text: visit

text: is

text: documented

text: in

text: his

text: iconic

text: book

text: On

text: the

text: Road

text: This

text: rural

text: pocket

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: listed

text: on

text: the

text: National

text: Register

text: of

text: Historic

text: Places

text: Each

text: year

text: in

text: February

text: the

text: neighborhood

text: celebrates

text: its

text: history

text: in

text: the

text: City

text: Landmark

text: it

text: owns

text: and

text: restored

text: the

text: San

text: Pedro

text: Chapel

question: Who bought The sanitarium in 1928?

answer: Harvey Adkins

text: Harvey Adkins

question: Jack Kerouac authored what iconic book?

answer: On the Road

text: On the Road

question: What year where three officer building bought and used for a sanitarium?

answer: 1900

question: Alan Harrington is considered part of what generation?

answer: beat generation

text: beat generation

question: Which month does the neighborhood celebrates its history in the City Landmark?

answer: February

text: February

question: When was Fort Lowell shut down?

answer: 1891

question: What were some buildings of Fort Lowell bought to be used for in 1900?

answer: a sanitarium

text: a sanitarium

question: Who bought the Fort Lowell sanitarium in 1928?

answer: Harvey Adkins

text: Harvey Adkins

question: Who renovated Fort Lowell's adobe buildings?

answer: The Bolsius family Pete, Nan and Charles Bolsius

text: The Bolsius family Pete, Nan and Charles Bolsius

question: In what book did Jack Kerouac write about visiting Tucson?

answer: On the Road

text: On the Road


text: In the paper "Who's Gay? Does It Matter?", Ritch Savin-Williams proposes two different approaches to assessing sexual orientation until well positioned and psychometrically sound and tested definitions are developed that would allow research to reliably identify the prevalence, causes, and consequences of homosexuality. He first suggests that greater priority should be given to sexual arousal and attraction over behaviour and identity because it is less prone to self- and other-deception, social conditions and variable meanings. To measure attraction and arousal he proposed that biological measures should be developed and used. There are numerous biological/physiological measures that exist that can measure sexual orientation such as sexual arousal, brain scans, eye tracking, body odour preference, and anatomical variations such as digit-length ratio and right or left handedness. Secondly, Savin-Williams suggests that researchers should forsake the general notion of sexual orientation altogether and assess only those components that are relevant for the research question being investigated. For example:

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: In

text: the

text: paper

text: Who

text: 's

text: Gay

text: Does

text: It

text: Matter

text: Ritch

text: Savin

text: Williams

text: proposes

text: two

text: different

text: approaches

text: to

text: assessing

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: until

text: well

text: positioned

text: and

text: psychometrically

text: sound

text: and

text: tested

text: definitions

text: are

text: developed

text: that

text: would

text: allow

text: research

text: to

text: reliably

text: identify

text: the

text: prevalence

text: causes

text: and

text: consequences

text: of

text: homosexuality

text: He

text: first

text: suggests

text: that

text: greater

text: priority

text: should

text: be

text: given

text: to

text: sexual

text: arousal

text: and

text: attraction

text: over

text: behaviour

text: and

text: identity

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: less

text: prone

text: to

text: self-

text: and

text: other

text: deception

text: social

text: conditions

text: and

text: variable

text: meanings

text: To

text: measure

text: attraction

text: and

text: arousal

text: he

text: proposed

text: that

text: biological

text: measures

text: should

text: be

text: developed

text: and

text: used

text: There

text: are

text: numerous

text: biological

text: physiological

text: measures

text: that

text: exist

text: that

text: can

text: measure

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: such

text: as

text: sexual

text: arousal

text: brain

text: scans

text: eye

text: tracking

text: body

text: odour

text: preference

text: and

text: anatomical

text: variations

text: such

text: as

text: digit

text: length

text: ratio

text: and

text: right

text: or

text: left

text: handedness

text: Secondly

text: Savin

text: Williams

text: suggests

text: that

text: researchers

text: should

text: forsake

text: the

text: general

text: notion

text: of

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: altogether

text: and

text: assess

text: only

text: those

text: components

text: that

text: are

text: relevant

text: for

text: the

text: research

text: question

text: being

text: investigated

text: For

text: example

question: Who wrote the paper "Whos Gay? Does It Matter?

answer: Ritch Savin-Williams

text: Ritch Savin-Williams

question: What does RItch SAvin-Williams propose in this paper?

answer: suggests that greater priority should be given to sexual arousal and attraction

text: suggests that greater priority should be given to sexual arousal and attraction

question: What did he propose to measure attraction?

answer: that biological measures should be developed and used.

text: that biological measures should be developed and used.

question: What else does Savin-Williams suggest?

answer: researchers should forsake the general notion of sexual orientation altogether

text: researchers should forsake the general notion of sexual orientation altogether

question: What components does he believe shoud be used in studies?

answer: assess only those components that are relevant for the research question being investigated

text: assess only those components that are relevant for the research question being investigated


text: By the Victorian period in the 19th century historians were more inclined to draw on the judgements of the chroniclers and to focus on John's moral personality. Kate Norgate, for example, argued that John's downfall had been due not to his failure in war or strategy, but due to his "almost superhuman wickedness", whilst James Ramsay blamed John's family background and his cruel personality for his downfall. Historians in the "Whiggish" tradition, focusing on documents such as the Domesday Book and Magna Carta, trace a progressive and universalist course of political and economic development in England over the medieval period. These historians were often inclined to see John's reign, and his signing of Magna Carta in particular, as a positive step in the constitutional development of England, despite the flaws of the king himself. Winston Churchill, for example, argued that "[w]hen the long tally is added, it will be seen that the British nation and the English-speaking world owe far more to the vices of John than to the labours of virtuous sovereigns".

title: John,_King_of_England

title: John,_King_of_England

text: By

text: the

text: Victorian

text: period

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: historians

text: were

text: more

text: inclined

text: to

text: draw

text: on

text: the

text: judgements

text: of

text: the

text: chroniclers

text: and

text: to

text: focus

text: on

text: John

text: 's

text: moral

text: personality

text: Kate

text: Norgate

text: for

text: example

text: argued

text: that

text: John

text: 's

text: downfall

text: had

text: been

text: due

text: not

text: to

text: his

text: failure

text: in

text: war

text: or

text: strategy

text: but

text: due

text: to

text: his

text: almost

text: superhuman

text: wickedness

text: whilst

text: James

text: Ramsay

text: blamed

text: John

text: 's

text: family

text: background

text: and

text: his

text: cruel

text: personality

text: for

text: his

text: downfall

text: Historians

text: in

text: the

text: Whiggish

text: tradition

text: focusing

text: on

text: documents

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Domesday

text: Book

text: and

text: Magna

text: Carta

text: trace

text: a

text: progressive

text: and

text: universalist

text: course

text: of

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: development

text: in

text: England

text: over

text: the

text: medieval

text: period

text: These

text: historians

text: were

text: often

text: inclined

text: to

text: see

text: John

text: 's

text: reign

text: and

text: his

text: signing

text: of

text: Magna

text: Carta

text: in

text: particular

text: as

text: a

text: positive

text: step

text: in

text: the

text: constitutional

text: development

text: of

text: England

text: despite

text: the

text: flaws

text: of

text: the

text: king

text: himself

text: Winston

text: Churchill

text: for

text: example

text: argued

text: that

text: w]hen

text: the

text: long

text: tally

text: is

text: added

text: it

text: will

text: be

text: seen

text: that

text: the

text: British

text: nation

text: and

text: the

text: English

text: speaking

text: world

text: owe

text: far

text: more

text: to

text: the

text: vices

text: of

text: John

text: than

text: to

text: the

text: labours

text: of

text: virtuous

text: sovereigns

question: Who blamed John's family background for his cruel personality?

answer: James Ramsay

text: James Ramsay

question: What documents trace a progressive and universalist course of political and economic development in England?

answer: Domesday Book and Magna Carta

text: Domesday Book and Magna Carta

question: What period in the 19th century were historians more inclined to draw on the judgements of the chroniclers?

answer: Victorian

text: Victorian


text: Eritrea is a multilingual country. The nation has no official language, as the Constitution establishes the "equality of all Eritrean languages". However, Tigrinya serves as the de facto language of national identity. With 2,540,000 total speakers of a population of 5,254,000 in 2006, Tigrinya is the most widely spoken language, particularly in the southern and central parts of Eritrea. Modern Standard Arabic and English serve as de facto working languages, with the latter used in university education and many technical fields. Italian, the former colonial language, is widely used in commerce and is taught as a second language in schools, with a few elderly monolinguals.

title: Eritrea

title: Eritrea

text: Eritrea

text: is

text: a

text: multilingual

text: country

text: The

text: nation

text: has

text: no

text: official

text: language

text: as

text: the

text: Constitution

text: establishes

text: the

text: equality

text: of

text: all

text: Eritrean

text: languages

text: However

text: Tigrinya

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: language

text: of

text: national

text: identity

text: With

text: total

text: speakers

text: of

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: in

text: Tigrinya

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: spoken

text: language

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: and

text: central

text: parts

text: of

text: Eritrea

text: Modern

text: Standard

text: Arabic

text: and

text: English

text: serve

text: as

text: de

text: facto

text: working

text: languages

text: with

text: the

text: latter

text: used

text: in

text: university

text: education

text: and

text: many

text: technical

text: fields

text: Italian

text: the

text: former

text: colonial

text: language

text: is

text: widely

text: used

text: in

text: commerce

text: and

text: is

text: taught

text: as

text: a

text: second

text: language

text: in

text: schools

text: with

text: a

text: few

text: elderly

text: monolinguals

question: What is the official language of Eritrea?

answer: The nation has no official language

text: The nation has no official language

question: What does the Constitution establish of all Eritrean languages?

answer: equality

text: equality

question: What was the most widely spoken language in Eritrea in 2006?

answer: Tigrinya

text: Tigrinya

question: What languages serve as de facto working languages in Eritrea?

answer: Modern Standard Arabic and English

text: Modern Standard Arabic and English

question: What language is used in Eritrean university education and many technical fields?

answer: English

text: English

question: What is the second most spoken language in Eritrea?

text: English

question: How many people speak English in Eritrea?

question: How many speakers of Tigrinya are there in the world?

question: How many people speak Italian in Eritrea?

question: What language is used for business in Eritrea?

text: Modern Standard Arabic


text: On August 23, after the failure of GKChP, in the presence of Gorbachev, Yeltsin signed a decree suspending all activity by the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR in the territory of Russia. On November 6, he went further, banning the Communist Parties of the USSR and the RSFSR from the territory of the RSFSR.

title: Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

text: On

text: August

text: after

text: the

text: failure

text: of

text: GKChP

text: in

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: Gorbachev

text: Yeltsin

text: signed

text: a

text: decree

text: suspending

text: all

text: activity

text: by

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: SFSR

text: in

text: the

text: territory

text: of

text: Russia

text: On

text: November

text: he

text: went

text: further

text: banning

text: the

text: Communist

text: Parties

text: of

text: the

text: USSR

text: and

text: the

text: RSFSR

text: from

text: the

text: territory

text: of

text: the

text: RSFSR

question: On what date was the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR suspended?

answer: August 23

text: August 23

question: Who signed the decree suspending the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR?

answer: Yeltsin

text: Yeltsin

question: On what date was the Communist Parties of the USSR banned from operating in the RSFSR?

answer: November 6

text: November 6

question: Aside from Yeltsin, what notable figure was present at the signing of the August 23 decree?

answer: Gorbachev

text: Gorbachev

question: On what date was the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR upheld?

text: August 23

question: Who didn't sign the decree suspending the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR?

text: Yeltsin

question: Who signed the decree upholding the Communist Party of the Russian SFSR?

text: Yeltsin

question: On what date was the Socialist Parties of the USSR banned from operating in the RSFSR?

text: November 6

question: Aside from Yeltsin, what notable figure was present at the signing of the August 3 decree?

text: Gorbachev


text: Some researchers believe that the first Russian settlement in Alaska was established in the 17th century. According to this hypothesis, in 1648 several koches of Semyon Dezhnyov's expedition came ashore in Alaska by storm and founded this settlement. This hypothesis is based on the testimony of Chukchi geographer Nikolai Daurkin, who had visited Alaska in 1764–1765 and who had reported on a village on the Kheuveren River, populated by "bearded men" who "pray to the icons". Some modern researchers associate Kheuveren with Koyuk River.

title: Alaska

title: Alaska

text: Some

text: researchers

text: believe

text: that

text: the

text: first

text: Russian

text: settlement

text: in

text: Alaska

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: According

text: to

text: this

text: hypothesis

text: in

text: several

text: koches

text: of

text: Semyon

text: Dezhnyov

text: 's

text: expedition

text: came

text: ashore

text: in

text: Alaska

text: by

text: storm

text: and

text: founded

text: this

text: settlement

text: This

text: hypothesis

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: testimony

text: of

text: Chukchi

text: geographer

text: Nikolai

text: Daurkin

text: who

text: had

text: visited

text: Alaska

text: in

text: and

text: who

text: had

text: reported

text: on

text: a

text: village

text: on

text: the

text: Kheuveren

text: River

text: populated

text: by

text: bearded

text: men

text: who

text: pray

text: to

text: the

text: icons

text: Some

text: modern

text: researchers

text: associate

text: Kheuveren

text: with

text: Koyuk

text: River

question: During what time period do some researchers believe Russians settled in Alaska?

answer: 17th century

text: 17th century

question: Whose expedidion potentially landed in Alaska during a storm and founded a settlement in 1648?

answer: Semyon Dezhnyov

text: Semyon Dezhnyov

question: Whom did Nikolai Durkin say lived in a village on the Kheuveren River?

answer: "bearded men" who "pray to the icons"

text: "bearded men" who "pray to the icons"

question: During which years did Nikolai Durkin visit Alaska?

answer: 1764–1765

question: During what time period do all researchers believe Russians settled in Alaska?

text: 17th century

question: During what time period do some researchers believe Russians left Alaska?

text: 17th century

question: Whose expedidion potentially landed in Alaska during a storm and founded a settlement in 1684?

text: Semyon Dezhnyov

question: Whom did Nikolai Durkin say died in a village on the Kheuveren River?

text: "bearded men" who "pray to the icons"

question: During which years didn't Nikolai Durkin visit Alaska?


text: Northwestern fields 19 intercollegiate athletic teams (8 men's and 11 women's) in addition to numerous club sports. The women's lacrosse team won five consecutive NCAA national championships between 2005 and 2009, went undefeated in 2005 and 2009, added more NCAA championships in 2011 and 2012, giving them 7 NCAA championships in 8 years, and holds several scoring records. The men's basketball team is recognized by the Helms Athletic Foundation as the 1931 National Champion. In the 2010–11 school year, the Wildcats had one national championship, 12 teams in postseason play, 20 All-Americans, two CoSIDA Academic All-American selections, 8 CoSIDA Academic All0District selections, 1 conference Coach of the Year and Player of the Year, 53 All-Conference and a record 201 Academic All-Big Ten athletes. Overall, 12 of Northwestern's 19 varsity programs had NCAA or bowl postseason appearances.

title: Northwestern_University

title: Northwestern_University

text: Northwestern

text: fields

text: intercollegiate

text: athletic

text: teams

text: men

text: 's

text: and

text: women

text: 's

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: numerous

text: club

text: sports

text: The

text: women

text: 's

text: lacrosse

text: team

text: won

text: five

text: consecutive

text: NCAA

text: national

text: championships

text: between

text: and

text: went

text: undefeated

text: in

text: and

text: added

text: more

text: NCAA

text: championships

text: in

text: and

text: giving

text: them

text: NCAA

text: championships

text: in

text: years

text: and

text: holds

text: several

text: scoring

text: records

text: The

text: men

text: 's

text: basketball

text: team

text: is

text: recognized

text: by

text: the

text: Helms

text: Athletic

text: Foundation

text: as

text: the

text: National

text: Champion

text: In

text: the

text: school

text: year

text: the

text: Wildcats

text: had

text: one

text: national

text: championship

text: teams

text: in

text: postseason

text: play

text: All

text: Americans

text: two

text: CoSIDA

text: Academic

text: All

text: American

text: selections

text: CoSIDA

text: Academic

text: selections

text: conference

text: Coach

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: and

text: Player

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: All

text: Conference

text: and

text: a

text: record

text: Academic

text: All

text: Big

text: Ten

text: athletes

text: Overall

text: of

text: Northwestern

text: 's

text: varsity

text: programs

text: had

text: NCAA

text: or

text: bowl

text: postseason

text: appearances

question: How many men's intercollegiate athletic teams are fielded by Northwestern?

answer: 8

question: How many women's intercollegiate athletic teams are fielded by Northwestern?

answer: 11

question: How many consecutive NCAA championships did the women's larcrosse team win between 2005 and 2009?

answer: five

text: five

question: Who recognized the men's basketball team as the 1931 National Champion?

answer: Helms Athletic Foundation

text: Helms Athletic Foundation

question: How many of Northwestern's 19 varsity programs had NCAA or bowl postseason appearances?

answer: 12

question: How many women's intercollegiate athletic teams are fielded by Northwestern?

question: How many men's intercollegiate athletic teams are fielded by Northwestern?

question: How many consecutive NCAA championships did the men's larcrosse team win between 2005 and 2009?

text: five

question: Who recognized the women's basketball team as the 1931 National Champion?

text: Helms Athletic Foundation

question: How many of Southwestern's 19 varsity programs had NCAA or bowl postseason appearances?


text: Paper made from mechanical pulp contains significant amounts of lignin, a major component in wood. In the presence of light and oxygen, lignin reacts to give yellow materials, which is why newsprint and other mechanical paper yellows with age. Paper made from bleached kraft or sulfite pulps does not contain significant amounts of lignin and is therefore better suited for books, documents and other applications where whiteness of the paper is essential.

title: Paper

title: Paper

text: Paper

text: made

text: from

text: mechanical

text: pulp

text: contains

text: significant

text: amounts

text: of

text: lignin

text: a

text: major

text: component

text: in

text: wood

text: In

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: light

text: and

text: oxygen

text: lignin

text: reacts

text: to

text: give

text: yellow

text: materials

text: which

text: is

text: why

text: newsprint

text: and

text: other

text: mechanical

text: paper

text: yellows

text: with

text: age

text: Paper

text: made

text: from

text: bleached

text: kraft

text: or

text: sulfite

text: pulps

text: does

text: not

text: contain

text: significant

text: amounts

text: of

text: lignin

text: and

text: is

text: therefore

text: better

text: suited

text: for

text: books

text: documents

text: and

text: other

text: applications

text: where

text: whiteness

text: of

text: the

text: paper

text: is

text: essential

question: What particle is associated with the yellowing of newspapers?

answer: lignin

text: lignin

question: A book is likely made with paper that has low amounts of what component of wood?

answer: lignin

text: lignin

question: What does lignin react to to produce the yellowing you see in newspapers?

answer: light and oxygen

text: light and oxygen

question: What does lignin made from mechanical pulp contain significant amounts of?

text: Paper

question: What is a major component of lignin?

text: wood

question: When lacking light and oxygen, what type of materials does lignin react to give?

text: yellow materials

question: What does paper made from bleached kraft contain a significant amount of?

text: lignin

question: What does paper made from sulfite pulps contain a significant amount of?

text: lignin

question: What particle is associated with the greening of newspapers?

text: lignin

question: A book is likely made with paper that has high amounts of what component of wood?

text: lignin

question: What does lignin react to to produce the greening you see in newspapers?

text: light and oxygen


text: The most popular spectator sports in Israel are association football and basketball. The Israeli Premier League is the country's premier football league, and the Israeli Basketball Super League is the premier basketball league. Maccabi Haifa, Maccabi Tel Aviv, Hapoel Tel Aviv and Beitar Jerusalem are the largest sports clubs. Maccabi Tel Aviv, Maccabi Haifa and Hapoel Tel Aviv have competed in the UEFA Champions League and Hapoel Tel Aviv reached the UEFA Cup quarter-finals. Maccabi Tel Aviv B.C. has won the European championship in basketball six times.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: The

text: most

text: popular

text: spectator

text: sports

text: in

text: Israel

text: are

text: association

text: football

text: and

text: basketball

text: The

text: Israeli

text: Premier

text: League

text: is

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: premier

text: football

text: league

text: and

text: the

text: Israeli

text: Basketball

text: Super

text: League

text: is

text: the

text: premier

text: basketball

text: league

text: Maccabi

text: Haifa

text: Maccabi

text: Tel

text: Aviv

text: Hapoel

text: Tel

text: Aviv

text: and

text: Beitar

text: Jerusalem

text: are

text: the

text: largest

text: sports

text: clubs

text: Maccabi

text: Tel

text: Aviv

text: Maccabi

text: Haifa

text: and

text: Hapoel

text: Tel

text: Aviv

text: have

text: competed

text: in

text: the

text: UEFA

text: Champions

text: League

text: and

text: Hapoel

text: Tel

text: Aviv

text: reached

text: the

text: UEFA

text: Cup

text: quarter

text: finals

text: Maccabi

text: Tel

text: Aviv

text: B.C.

text: has

text: won

text: the

text: European

text: championship

text: in

text: basketball

text: six

text: times

question: What are the most popular spectator sports in Israel?

answer: association football and basketball

text: association football and basketball

question: What is the country's premier football league?

answer: Israeli Premier League

text: Israeli Premier League

question: What is the premier basketball league?

answer: Israeli Basketball Super League

text: Israeli Basketball Super League


text: In many non-US western countries a 'fourth hurdle' of cost effectiveness analysis has developed before new technologies can be provided. This focuses on the efficiency (in terms of the cost per QALY) of the technologies in question rather than their efficacy. In England and Wales NICE decides whether and in what circumstances drugs and technologies will be made available by the NHS, whilst similar arrangements exist with the Scottish Medicines Consortium in Scotland, and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee in Australia. A product must pass the threshold for cost-effectiveness if it is to be approved. Treatments must represent 'value for money' and a net benefit to society.

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

text: In

text: many

text: non

text: US

text: western

text: countries

text: a

text: fourth

text: hurdle

text: of

text: cost

text: effectiveness

text: analysis

text: has

text: developed

text: before

text: new

text: technologies

text: can

text: be

text: provided

text: This

text: focuses

text: on

text: the

text: efficiency

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: cost

text: per

text: QALY

text: of

text: the

text: technologies

text: in

text: question

text: rather

text: than

text: their

text: efficacy

text: In

text: England

text: and

text: Wales

text: NICE

text: decides

text: whether

text: and

text: in

text: what

text: circumstances

text: drugs

text: and

text: technologies

text: will

text: be

text: made

text: available

text: by

text: the

text: NHS

text: whilst

text: similar

text: arrangements

text: exist

text: with

text: the

text: Scottish

text: Medicines

text: Consortium

text: in

text: Scotland

text: and

text: the

text: Pharmaceutical

text: Benefits

text: Advisory

text: Committee

text: in

text: Australia

text: A

text: product

text: must

text: pass

text: the

text: threshold

text: for

text: cost

text: effectiveness

text: if

text: it

text: is

text: to

text: be

text: approved

text: Treatments

text: must

text: represent

text: value

text: for

text: money

text: and

text: a

text: net

text: benefit

text: to

text: society

question: NICE decides the availability of drugs in which two countries?

answer: England and Wales

text: England and Wales

question: What is the name of the organization in Scotland that decides the availability of drugs?

answer: Scottish Medicines Consortium

text: Scottish Medicines Consortium

question: What threshold must a drug pass before it is approved?

answer: cost-effectiveness

text: cost-effectiveness

question: QALY decides the availability of drugs in which two countries?

text: England and Wales

question: What is the name of the organization in Wales that decides the availability of drugs?

text: Scottish Medicines Consortium

question: What threshold must a Wales pass before it is approved?

text: cost-effectiveness

question: Where does QALY decide whether decide in what circumstances drugs and technologies will be made available?

text: England and Wales

question: What must the NHS do in order to be approved?


text: The maximum distance at which a gun or missile can engage an aircraft is an important figure. However, many different definitions are used but unless the same definition is used, performance of different guns or missiles cannot be compared. For AA guns only the ascending part of the trajectory can be usefully used. One term is 'ceiling', maximum ceiling being the height a projectile would reach if fired vertically, not practically useful in itself as few AA guns are able to fire vertically, and maximum fuse duration may be too short, but potentially useful as a standard to compare different weapons.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: The

text: maximum

text: distance

text: at

text: which

text: a

text: gun

text: or

text: missile

text: can

text: engage

text: an

text: aircraft

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: figure

text: However

text: many

text: different

text: definitions

text: are

text: used

text: but

text: unless

text: the

text: same

text: definition

text: is

text: used

text: performance

text: of

text: different

text: guns

text: or

text: missiles

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: compared

text: For

text: AA

text: guns

text: only

text: the

text: ascending

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: trajectory

text: can

text: be

text: usefully

text: used

text: One

text: term

text: is

text: ceiling

text: maximum

text: ceiling

text: being

text: the

text: height

text: a

text: projectile

text: would

text: reach

text: if

text: fired

text: vertically

text: not

text: practically

text: useful

text: in

text: itself

text: as

text: few

text: AA

text: guns

text: are

text: able

text: to

text: fire

text: vertically

text: and

text: maximum

text: fuse

text: duration

text: may

text: be

text: too

text: short

text: but

text: potentially

text: useful

text: as

text: a

text: standard

text: to

text: compare

text: different

text: weapons

question: What is an important number when it comes to guns engaging an aircraft?

answer: The maximum distance

text: The maximum distance

question: What can be used to determine the maximum distance for an AA gun?

answer: only the ascending part of the trajectory

text: only the ascending part of the trajectory

question: What is the term used to describe the height that a projectile would go to if it was fired vertically?

answer: maximum ceiling

text: maximum ceiling

question: Few AA guns are able to fire which way?

answer: vertically

text: vertically


text: Later genetic studies strongly supported dogs and gray wolves forming two sister monophyletic clades within the one species, and that the common ancestor of dogs and extant wolves is extinct.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: Later

text: genetic

text: studies

text: strongly

text: supported

text: dogs

text: and

text: gray

text: wolves

text: forming

text: two

text: sister

text: monophyletic

text: clades

text: within

text: the

text: one

text: species

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: common

text: ancestor

text: of

text: dogs

text: and

text: extant

text: wolves

text: is

text: extinct

question: What indicated dogs and gray wolves developed as two monophyletic clades?

answer: genetic studies

text: genetic studies

question: The common relative of dogs and existing wolves is now considered what?

answer: extinct.

text: extinct.


text: During the summer months, it is common for temperatures to reach over 90 °F (32 °C), with an average of 106.5 days per year, including a majority from June to September, with a high of 90 °F or above and 4.6 days at or over 100 °F (38 °C). However, humidity usually yields a higher heat index. Summer mornings average over 90 percent relative humidity. Winds are often light in the summer and offer little relief, except in the far southeastern outskirts near the Gulf coast and Galveston. To cope with the strong humidity and heat, people use air conditioning in nearly every vehicle and building. In 1980, Houston was described as the "most air-conditioned place on earth". Officially, the hottest temperature ever recorded in Houston is 109 °F (43 °C), which was reached both on September 4, 2000 and August 28, 2011.

title: Houston

title: Houston

text: During

text: the

text: summer

text: months

text: it

text: is

text: common

text: for

text: temperatures

text: to

text: reach

text: over

text: F

text: C

text: with

text: an

text: average

text: of

text: days

text: per

text: year

text: including

text: a

text: majority

text: from

text: June

text: to

text: September

text: with

text: a

text: high

text: of

text: F

text: or

text: above

text: and

text: days

text: at

text: or

text: over

text: F

text: C

text: However

text: humidity

text: usually

text: yields

text: a

text: higher

text: heat

text: index

text: Summer

text: mornings

text: average

text: over

text: percent

text: relative

text: humidity

text: Winds

text: are

text: often

text: light

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: and

text: offer

text: little

text: relief

text: except

text: in

text: the

text: far

text: southeastern

text: outskirts

text: near

text: the

text: Gulf

text: coast

text: and

text: Galveston

text: To

text: cope

text: with

text: the

text: strong

text: humidity

text: and

text: heat

text: people

text: use

text: air

text: conditioning

text: in

text: nearly

text: every

text: vehicle

text: and

text: building

text: In

text: Houston

text: was

text: described

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: air

text: conditioned

text: place

text: on

text: earth

text: Officially

text: the

text: hottest

text: temperature

text: ever

text: recorded

text: in

text: Houston

text: is

text: F

text: C

text: which

text: was

text: reached

text: both

text: on

text: September

text: and

text: August

question: How many days per year are Houston temperatures over 90 degrees?

answer: 106.5

question: How many days a year do Houston temperatures average above 100 degrees?

answer: 4.6

question: What weather factor produces a higher heat index?

answer: humidity

text: humidity

question: What weather factor provides little in heat relief in Houston?

answer: Winds

text: Winds

question: What was the highest temperature recorded in Houston?

answer: 109 °F

text: 109 °F

question: How many days per year are Houston temperatures over 10 degrees?

question: How many days a year do Houston temperatures average above 50 degrees?

question: What weather factor produces a lower heat index?

text: humidity

question: What weather factor provides a lot of in heat relief in Houston?

text: Winds

question: What was the lowest temperature recorded in Houston?

text: 109 °F


text: Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law as dominant, to the extent it fully displaced Spanish in the public sphere; this is why the United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did. For example, the California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish, and it contained a clause requiring all published laws and regulations to be published in both languages. The constitutional convention of 1872 had no Spanish-speaking participants; the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English; and the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English.

title: Spanish_language_in_the_United_States

title: Spanish_language_in_the_United_States

text: Through

text: the

text: force

text: of

text: sheer

text: numbers

text: the

text: English

text: speaking

text: American

text: settlers

text: entering

text: the

text: Southwest

text: established

text: their

text: language

text: culture

text: and

text: law

text: as

text: dominant

text: to

text: the

text: extent

text: it

text: fully

text: displaced

text: Spanish

text: in

text: the

text: public

text: sphere

text: this

text: is

text: why

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: never

text: developed

text: bilingualism

text: as

text: Canada

text: did

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: California

text: constitutional

text: convention

text: of

text: had

text: eight

text: Californio

text: participants

text: the

text: resulting

text: state

text: constitution

text: was

text: produced

text: in

text: English

text: and

text: Spanish

text: and

text: it

text: contained

text: a

text: clause

text: requiring

text: all

text: published

text: laws

text: and

text: regulations

text: to

text: be

text: published

text: in

text: both

text: languages

text: The

text: constitutional

text: convention

text: of

text: had

text: no

text: Spanish

text: speaking

text: participants

text: the

text: convention

text: 's

text: English

text: speaking

text: participants

text: felt

text: that

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: remaining

text: minority

text: of

text: Spanish

text: speakers

text: should

text: simply

text: learn

text: English

text: and

text: the

text: convention

text: ultimately

text: voted

text: to

text: revise

text: the

text: earlier

text: clause

text: so

text: that

text: all

text: official

text: proceedings

text: would

text: henceforth

text: be

text: published

text: only

text: in

text: English

question: Why isn't the southwest Spanish speaking?

answer: Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law

text: Through the force of sheer numbers, the English-speaking American settlers entering the Southwest established their language, culture, and law

question: Is Canada bilingual?

answer: United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did.

text: United States never developed bilingualism as Canada did.

question: Was California a bilingual state?

answer: California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish,

text: California constitutional convention of 1849 had eight Californio participants; the resulting state constitution was produced in English and Spanish,

question: Why didn't California officially become  bilingual?

answer: the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English

text: the convention's English-speaking participants felt that the state's remaining minority of Spanish-speakers should simply learn English

question: Was there a court ruling?

answer: the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English.

text: the convention ultimately voted 46-39 to revise the earlier clause so that all official proceedings would henceforth be published only in English.

question: Why isn't the southwest English-speaking?

question: Why didn't Caifornia officially become monolingual?

question: What had no English-speaking participants?

text: The constitutional convention of 1872

question: What had nine California participants?

question: Who developed Monolingualism?

text: Canada


text: Tito also developed warm relations with Burma under U Nu, travelling to the country in 1955 and again in 1959, though he didn't receive the same treatment in 1959 from the new leader, Ne Win.

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: Tito

text: also

text: developed

text: warm

text: relations

text: with

text: Burma

text: under

text: U

text: Nu

text: travelling

text: to

text: the

text: country

text: in

text: and

text: again

text: in

text: though

text: he

text: did

text: n't

text: receive

text: the

text: same

text: treatment

text: in

text: from

text: the

text: new

text: leader

text: Ne

text: Win

question: What country did U Nu lead?

answer: Burma

text: Burma

question: Who was the leader of Burma in 1955?

answer: U Nu

text: U Nu

question: Who succeeded U Nu in Burma?

answer: Ne Win

text: Ne Win

question: Ne Win led what country?

answer: Burma

text: Burma

question: Who led Burma in 1959?

answer: Ne Win

text: Ne Win


text: The Council does not have executive powers but meets biannually to discuss issues of mutual importance. Similarly, the Parliamentary Assembly has no legislative powers but investigates and collects witness evidence from the public on matters of mutual concern to its members. Reports on its findings are presented to the Governments of Ireland and the United Kingdom. During the February 2008 meeting of the British–Irish Council, it was agreed to set up a standing secretariat that would serve as a permanent 'civil service' for the Council. Leading on from developments in the British–Irish Council, the chair of the British–Irish Inter-Parliamentary Assembly, Niall Blaney, has suggested that the body should shadow the British–Irish Council's work.

title: British_Isles

title: British_Isles

text: The

text: Council

text: does

text: not

text: have

text: executive

text: powers

text: but

text: meets

text: biannually

text: to

text: discuss

text: issues

text: of

text: mutual

text: importance

text: Similarly

text: the

text: Parliamentary

text: Assembly

text: has

text: no

text: legislative

text: powers

text: but

text: investigates

text: and

text: collects

text: witness

text: evidence

text: from

text: the

text: public

text: on

text: matters

text: of

text: mutual

text: concern

text: to

text: its

text: members

text: Reports

text: on

text: its

text: findings

text: are

text: presented

text: to

text: the

text: Governments

text: of

text: Ireland

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: During

text: the

text: February

text: meeting

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Irish

text: Council

text: it

text: was

text: agreed

text: to

text: set

text: up

text: a

text: standing

text: secretariat

text: that

text: would

text: serve

text: as

text: a

text: permanent

text: civil

text: service

text: for

text: the

text: Council

text: Leading

text: on

text: from

text: developments

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: Irish

text: Council

text: the

text: chair

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Irish

text: Inter

text: Parliamentary

text: Assembly

text: Niall

text: Blaney

text: has

text: suggested

text: that

text: the

text: body

text: should

text: shadow

text: the

text: British

text: Irish

text: Council

text: 's

text: work

question: How often does the British-Irish Council meet?

answer: biannually

text: biannually

question: What does the British-Irish Council discuss?

answer: issues of mutual importance

text: issues of mutual importance

question: Does the Parliamentary Assembly had any kinds of legislative authority?

answer: no

text: no

question: What does the British-Irish Council do?

answer: investigates and collects witness evidence

text: investigates and collects witness evidence

question: Who recommended that the British-Irish Inter-Parliamentary Assembly should look very closely at the work that the British-Irish Council does?

answer: Niall Blaney

text: Niall Blaney

question: The council has executive powers and meets how often?

text: biannually

question: How often does the Council meet to discuss civil service issues?

text: biannually

question: The Parliamentary Assembly also has legislative powers and collects what?

text: evidence

question: Reports on the Parliamentary Assembly's findings are presented to the governments of Spain, Ireland and what other country?

text: United Kingdom

question: During the March meeting of what year, was it agreed to set up a permanent civil service for the council?


text: Beginning and ending dates are roughly the reverse in the southern hemisphere. For example, mainland Chile observed DST from the second Saturday in October to the second Saturday in March, with transitions at 24:00 local time. The time difference between the United Kingdom and mainland Chile could therefore be five hours during the Northern summer, three hours during the Southern summer and four hours a few weeks per year because of mismatch of changing dates.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: Beginning

text: and

text: ending

text: dates

text: are

text: roughly

text: the

text: reverse

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: hemisphere

text: For

text: example

text: mainland

text: Chile

text: observed

text: DST

text: from

text: the

text: second

text: Saturday

text: in

text: October

text: to

text: the

text: second

text: Saturday

text: in

text: March

text: with

text: transitions

text: at

text: local

text: time

text: The

text: time

text: difference

text: between

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: mainland

text: Chile

text: could

text: therefore

text: be

text: five

text: hours

text: during

text: the

text: Northern

text: summer

text: three

text: hours

text: during

text: the

text: Southern

text: summer

text: and

text: four

text: hours

text: a

text: few

text: weeks

text: per

text: year

text: because

text: of

text: mismatch

text: of

text: changing

text: dates

question: In the southern hemisphere, what aspect of DST is about the reverse of that of the northern hemisphere?

answer: Beginning and ending dates

text: Beginning and ending dates

question: At what local time does Chile change their clocks for DST?

answer: 24:00

question: What day of the week does DST begin and end in Chile?

answer: Saturday

text: Saturday

question: In the Northern hemisphere's summer, what is the time difference between the UK and Chile?

answer: five hours

text: five hours

question: During what season in the Southern hemisphere is there a three-hour time difference between mainland Chile and the United Kingdom?

answer: summer

text: summer


text: Martorell's outstanding novel of chivalry Tirant lo Blanc (1490) shows a transition from Medieval to Renaissance values, something that can also be seen in Metge's work. The first book produced with movable type in the Iberian Peninsula was printed in Catalan.

title: Catalan_language

title: Catalan_language

text: Martorell

text: 's

text: outstanding

text: novel

text: of

text: chivalry

text: Tirant

text: lo

text: Blanc

text: shows

text: a

text: transition

text: from

text: Medieval

text: to

text: Renaissance

text: values

text: something

text: that

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: seen

text: in

text: Metge

text: 's

text: work

text: The

text: first

text: book

text: produced

text: with

text: movable

text: type

text: in

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: was

text: printed

text: in

text: Catalan

question: Who wrote Tirant lo Blanc?

answer: Martorell

text: Martorell

question: What kind of tale was Tirant lo Blanc?

answer: chivalry

text: chivalry

question: To what does Matorell's work show a transition?

answer: Renaissance values

text: Renaissance values

question: What other writer showed a transition to the Renaissance?

answer: Metge

text: Metge

question: In what was the first Catalan book printed on the Iberian Peninsula?

answer: movable type

text: movable type


text: The Guardian Council comprises twelve jurists including six appointed by the Supreme Leader. The others are elected by the Iranian Parliament from among the jurists nominated by the Head of the Judiciary. The Council interprets the constitution and may veto Parliament. If a law is deemed incompatible with the constitution or Sharia (Islamic law), it is referred back to Parliament for revision. The Expediency Council has the authority to mediate disputes between Parliament and the Guardian Council, and serves as an advisory body to the Supreme Leader, making it one of the most powerful governing bodies in the country. Local city councils are elected by public vote to four-year terms in all cities and villages of Iran.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: The

text: Guardian

text: Council

text: comprises

text: twelve

text: jurists

text: including

text: six

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Leader

text: The

text: others

text: are

text: elected

text: by

text: the

text: Iranian

text: Parliament

text: from

text: among

text: the

text: jurists

text: nominated

text: by

text: the

text: Head

text: of

text: the

text: Judiciary

text: The

text: Council

text: interprets

text: the

text: constitution

text: and

text: may

text: veto

text: Parliament

text: If

text: a

text: law

text: is

text: deemed

text: incompatible

text: with

text: the

text: constitution

text: or

text: Sharia

text: Islamic

text: law

text: it

text: is

text: referred

text: back

text: to

text: Parliament

text: for

text: revision

text: The

text: Expediency

text: Council

text: has

text: the

text: authority

text: to

text: mediate

text: disputes

text: between

text: Parliament

text: and

text: the

text: Guardian

text: Council

text: and

text: serves

text: as

text: an

text: advisory

text: body

text: to

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Leader

text: making

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: powerful

text: governing

text: bodies

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: Local

text: city

text: councils

text: are

text: elected

text: by

text: public

text: vote

text: to

text: four

text: year

text: terms

text: in

text: all

text: cities

text: and

text: villages

text: of

text: Iran

question: How many jurists are in the Guardian Council?

answer: twelve jurists

text: twelve jurists

question: Who can veto Parliament?

answer: The Guardian Council

text: The Guardian Council

question: What Council acts as a mediator when there are disputes between the Parliament and the Guardian Council?

answer: The Expediency Council

text: The Expediency Council

question: How long are the terms of local city councils that are present in all Iranian cities and villages?

answer: four-year terms

text: four-year terms

question: Who is responsible for interpreting the Constitution?

answer: The Guardian Council

text: The Guardian Council


text: Samskrita Bharati is an organisation working for Sanskrit revival. The "All-India Sanskrit Festival" (since 2002) holds composition contests. The 1991 Indian census reported 49,736 fluent speakers of Sanskrit. Sanskrit learning programmes also feature on the lists of most AIR broadcasting centres. The Mattur village in central Karnataka claims to have native speakers of Sanskrit among its population. Inhabitants of all castes learn Sanskrit starting in childhood and converse in the language. Even the local Muslims converse in Sanskrit. Historically, the village was given by king Krishnadevaraya of the Vijayanagara Empire to Vedic scholars and their families, while people in his kingdom spoke Kannada and Telugu. Another effort concentrates on preserving and passing along the oral tradition of the Vedas, www.shrivedabharathi.in is one such organisation based out of Hyderabad that has been digitising the Vedas by recording recitations of Vedic Pandits.

title: Sanskrit

title: Sanskrit

text: Samskrita

text: Bharati

text: is

text: an

text: organisation

text: working

text: for

text: Sanskrit

text: revival

text: The

text: All

text: India

text: Sanskrit

text: Festival

text: since

text: holds

text: composition

text: contests

text: The

text: Indian

text: census

text: reported

text: fluent

text: speakers

text: of

text: Sanskrit

text: Sanskrit

text: learning

text: programmes

text: also

text: feature

text: on

text: the

text: lists

text: of

text: most

text: AIR

text: broadcasting

text: centres

text: The

text: Mattur

text: village

text: in

text: central

text: Karnataka

text: claims

text: to

text: have

text: native

text: speakers

text: of

text: Sanskrit

text: among

text: its

text: population

text: Inhabitants

text: of

text: all

text: castes

text: learn

text: Sanskrit

text: starting

text: in

text: childhood

text: and

text: converse

text: in

text: the

text: language

text: Even

text: the

text: local

text: Muslims

text: converse

text: in

text: Sanskrit

text: Historically

text: the

text: village

text: was

text: given

text: by

text: king

text: Krishnadevaraya

text: of

text: the

text: Vijayanagara

text: Empire

text: to

text: Vedic

text: scholars

text: and

text: their

text: families

text: while

text: people

text: in

text: his

text: kingdom

text: spoke

text: Kannada

text: and

text: Telugu

text: Another

text: effort

text: concentrates

text: on

text: preserving

text: and

text: passing

text: along

text: the

text: oral

text: tradition

text: of

text: the

text: Vedas

text: is

text: one

text: such

text: organisation

text: based

text: out

text: of

text: Hyderabad

text: that

text: has

text: been

text: digitising

text: the

text: Vedas

text: by

text: recording

text: recitations

text: of

text: Vedic

text: Pandits

question: What organization is trying to revive Sanskrit?

answer: Samskrita Bharati

text: Samskrita Bharati

question: What kind of competitions does the All-India Sanskrit Festival have?

answer: composition contests

text: composition contests

question: How many speakers of Sanskrit were there by the 1991 census?

answer: 49,736

question: Where in India is Sanskrit still spoken by the population?

answer: Mattur village

text: Mattur village

question: Who originally gave Mattur village to Sanskrit scholars?

answer: king Krishnadevaraya

text: king Krishnadevaraya

question: What organization is working to get rid of the use of the Sanskrit language?

text: Samskrita Bharati

question: How many fluent Sanskrit speakers were reported in 2002?

question: What village claims that it no longer has native Sanskrit speakers?

text: Mattur village

question: Which local population refuses to use Sanskrit as a language?

text: Muslims

question: Which village did Vedic scholars give to king Krishnadevaraya?

text: Mattur village