text: On January 31, 1958, nearly four months after the launch of Sputnik 1, von Braun and the United States successfully launched its first satellite on a four-stage Juno I rocket derived from the US Army's Redstone missile, at Cape Canaveral. The satellite Explorer 1 was 30.8 pounds (14.0 kg) in mass. It carried a micrometeorite gauge and a Geiger-Müller tube. It passed in and out of the Earth-encompassing radiation belt with its 194-by-1,368-nautical-mile (360 by 2,534 km) orbit, therefore saturating the tube's capacity and proving what Dr. James Van Allen, a space scientist at the University of Iowa, had theorized. The belt, named the Van Allen radiation belt, is a doughnut-shaped zone of high-level radiation intensity around the Earth above the magnetic equator. Van Allen was also the man who designed and built the satellite instrumentation of Explorer 1. The satellite actually measured three phenomena: cosmic ray and radiation levels, the temperature in the spacecraft, and the frequency of collisions with micrometeorites. The satellite had no memory for data storage, therefore it had to transmit continuously. Two months later in March 1958, a second satellite was sent into orbit with augmented cosmic ray instruments.

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: On

text: January

text: nearly

text: four

text: months

text: after

text: the

text: launch

text: of

text: Sputnik

text: von

text: Braun

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: successfully

text: launched

text: its

text: first

text: satellite

text: on

text: a

text: four

text: stage

text: Juno

text: I

text: rocket

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: US

text: Army

text: 's

text: Redstone

text: missile

text: at

text: Cape

text: Canaveral

text: The

text: satellite

text: Explorer

text: was

text: pounds

text: kg

text: in

text: mass

text: It

text: carried

text: a

text: micrometeorite

text: gauge

text: and

text: a

text: Geiger

text: Müller

text: tube

text: It

text: passed

text: in

text: and

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: encompassing

text: radiation

text: belt

text: with

text: its

text: mile

text: by

text: km

text: orbit

text: therefore

text: saturating

text: the

text: tube

text: 's

text: capacity

text: and

text: proving

text: what

text: Dr.

text: James

text: Van

text: Allen

text: a

text: space

text: scientist

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Iowa

text: had

text: theorized

text: The

text: belt

text: named

text: the

text: Van

text: Allen

text: radiation

text: belt

text: is

text: a

text: doughnut

text: shaped

text: zone

text: of

text: high

text: level

text: radiation

text: intensity

text: around

text: the

text: Earth

text: above

text: the

text: magnetic

text: equator

text: Van

text: Allen

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: man

text: who

text: designed

text: and

text: built

text: the

text: satellite

text: instrumentation

text: of

text: Explorer

text: The

text: satellite

text: actually

text: measured

text: three

text: phenomena

text: cosmic

text: ray

text: and

text: radiation

text: levels

text: the

text: temperature

text: in

text: the

text: spacecraft

text: and

text: the

text: frequency

text: of

text: collisions

text: with

text: micrometeorites

text: The

text: satellite

text: had

text: no

text: memory

text: for

text: data

text: storage

text: therefore

text: it

text: had

text: to

text: transmit

text: continuously

text: Two

text: months

text: later

text: in

text: March

text: a

text: second

text: satellite

text: was

text: sent

text: into

text: orbit

text: with

text: augmented

text: cosmic

text: ray

text: instruments

question: The first US satellite to launch without failure was on what date?

answer: January 31, 1958

text: January 31, 1958

question: The Explorer gathered what 3 measurements?

answer: cosmic ray and radiation levels, the temperature in the spacecraft, and the frequency of collisions with micrometeorites

text: cosmic ray and radiation levels, the temperature in the spacecraft, and the frequency of collisions with micrometeorites


text: Schwarzenegger has consulted an attorney, Bob Kaufman. Kaufman has earlier handled divorce cases for celebrities such as Jennifer Aniston and Reese Witherspoon. Schwarzenegger will keep the Brentwood home as part of their divorce settlement and Shriver has purchased a new home nearby so that the children may travel easily between their parents' homes. They will share custody of the two minor children. Schwarzenegger came under fire after the initial petition did not include spousal support and a reimbursement of attorney's fees. However, he claims this was not intentional and that he signed the initial documents without having properly read them. Schwarzenegger has filed amended divorce papers remedying this.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: Schwarzenegger

text: has

text: consulted

text: an

text: attorney

text: Bob

text: Kaufman

text: Kaufman

text: has

text: earlier

text: handled

text: divorce

text: cases

text: for

text: celebrities

text: such

text: as

text: Jennifer

text: Aniston

text: and

text: Reese

text: Witherspoon

text: Schwarzenegger

text: will

text: keep

text: the

text: Brentwood

text: home

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: their

text: divorce

text: settlement

text: and

text: Shriver

text: has

text: purchased

text: a

text: new

text: home

text: nearby

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: children

text: may

text: travel

text: easily

text: between

text: their

text: parents

text: homes

text: They

text: will

text: share

text: custody

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: minor

text: children

text: Schwarzenegger

text: came

text: under

text: fire

text: after

text: the

text: initial

text: petition

text: did

text: not

text: include

text: spousal

text: support

text: and

text: a

text: reimbursement

text: of

text: attorney

text: 's

text: fees

text: However

text: he

text: claims

text: this

text: was

text: not

text: intentional

text: and

text: that

text: he

text: signed

text: the

text: initial

text: documents

text: without

text: having

text: properly

text: read

text: them

text: Schwarzenegger

text: has

text: filed

text: amended

text: divorce

text: papers

text: remedying

text: this

question: Which attorney did Schwarzenegger consult to handle his divorce?

answer: Bob Kaufman

text: Bob Kaufman

question: Which of the two kept their family home in Brentwood?

answer: Schwarzenegger

text: Schwarzenegger

question: Schwarzenegger's initial divorce petition failed to provide for attorney's fee reimbursement and what other condition of divorce?

answer: spousal support

text: spousal support


text: Sahih al-Bukhari narrates Muhammad describing the revelations as, "Sometimes it is (revealed) like the ringing of a bell" and Aisha reported, "I saw the Prophet being inspired Divinely on a very cold day and noticed the sweat dropping from his forehead (as the Inspiration was over)." Muhammad's first revelation, according to the Quran, was accompanied with a vision. The agent of revelation is mentioned as the "one mighty in power", the one who "grew clear to view when he was on the uppermost horizon. Then he drew nigh and came down till he was (distant) two bows' length or even nearer." The Islamic studies scholar Welch states in the Encyclopaedia of Islam that he believes the graphic descriptions of Muhammad's condition at these moments may be regarded as genuine, because he was severely disturbed after these revelations. According to Welch, these seizures would have been seen by those around him as convincing evidence for the superhuman origin of Muhammad's inspirations. However, Muhammad's critics accused him of being a possessed man, a soothsayer or a magician since his experiences were similar to those claimed by such figures well known in ancient Arabia. Welch additionally states that it remains uncertain whether these experiences occurred before or after Muhammad's initial claim of prophethood.

title: Quran

title: Quran

text: Sahih

text: al

text: Bukhari

text: narrates

text: Muhammad

text: describing

text: the

text: revelations

text: as

text: Sometimes

text: it

text: is

text: revealed

text: like

text: the

text: ringing

text: of

text: a

text: bell

text: and

text: Aisha

text: reported

text: I

text: saw

text: the

text: Prophet

text: being

text: inspired

text: Divinely

text: on

text: a

text: very

text: cold

text: day

text: and

text: noticed

text: the

text: sweat

text: dropping

text: from

text: his

text: forehead

text: as

text: the

text: Inspiration

text: was

text: over

text: Muhammad

text: 's

text: first

text: revelation

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: Quran

text: was

text: accompanied

text: with

text: a

text: vision

text: The

text: agent

text: of

text: revelation

text: is

text: mentioned

text: as

text: the

text: one

text: mighty

text: in

text: power

text: the

text: one

text: who

text: grew

text: clear

text: to

text: view

text: when

text: he

text: was

text: on

text: the

text: uppermost

text: horizon

text: Then

text: he

text: drew

text: nigh

text: and

text: came

text: down

text: till

text: he

text: was

text: distant

text: two

text: bows

text: length

text: or

text: even

text: nearer

text: The

text: Islamic

text: studies

text: scholar

text: Welch

text: states

text: in

text: the

text: Encyclopaedia

text: of

text: Islam

text: that

text: he

text: believes

text: the

text: graphic

text: descriptions

text: of

text: Muhammad

text: 's

text: condition

text: at

text: these

text: moments

text: may

text: be

text: regarded

text: as

text: genuine

text: because

text: he

text: was

text: severely

text: disturbed

text: after

text: these

text: revelations

text: According

text: to

text: Welch

text: these

text: seizures

text: would

text: have

text: been

text: seen

text: by

text: those

text: around

text: him

text: as

text: convincing

text: evidence

text: for

text: the

text: superhuman

text: origin

text: of

text: Muhammad

text: 's

text: inspirations

text: However

text: Muhammad

text: 's

text: critics

text: accused

text: him

text: of

text: being

text: a

text: possessed

text: man

text: a

text: soothsayer

text: or

text: a

text: magician

text: since

text: his

text: experiences

text: were

text: similar

text: to

text: those

text: claimed

text: by

text: such

text: figures

text: well

text: known

text: in

text: ancient

text: Arabia

text: Welch

text: additionally

text: states

text: that

text: it

text: remains

text: uncertain

text: whether

text: these

text: experiences

text: occurred

text: before

text: or

text: after

text: Muhammad

text: 's

text: initial

text: claim

text: of

text: prophethood

question: What physical symptom accompanied Muhammad's revelations?

answer: seizures

text: seizures

question: What measure of distance described the nearness of the Angel's approach to Mohammad?

answer: two bows' length

text: two bows' length

question: In which work did Welch express his belief that Mohammad's physical reaction to the revelation was historically accurate?

answer: Encyclopaedia of Islam

text: Encyclopaedia of Islam

question: Which people would Mohammad's critics have compared him to at the time?

answer: a possessed man, a soothsayer or a magician

text: a possessed man, a soothsayer or a magician

question: What mental symptom accompanied Muhammad's revelations?

text: seizures

question: What measure of time described the nearness of the Angel's approach to Mohammad?

text: two bows' length

question: In which work did Welch express his belief that Mohammad's physical reaction to the revelation was historically inaccurate?

text: Encyclopaedia of Islam

question: Which people wouldn't Mohammad's critics have compared him to at the time?

question: Which people would Mohammad's critics haven't compared him to at the time?


text: Size, however, is not the only difference: there are also substantial differences in shape. The hindbrain and midbrain of mammals are generally similar to those of other vertebrates, but dramatic differences appear in the forebrain, which is greatly enlarged and also altered in structure. The cerebral cortex is the part of the brain that most strongly distinguishes mammals. In non-mammalian vertebrates, the surface of the cerebrum is lined with a comparatively simple three-layered structure called the pallium. In mammals, the pallium evolves into a complex six-layered structure called neocortex or isocortex. Several areas at the edge of the neocortex, including the hippocampus and amygdala, are also much more extensively developed in mammals than in other vertebrates.

title: Brain

title: Brain

text: Size

text: however

text: is

text: not

text: the

text: only

text: difference

text: there

text: are

text: also

text: substantial

text: differences

text: in

text: shape

text: The

text: hindbrain

text: and

text: midbrain

text: of

text: mammals

text: are

text: generally

text: similar

text: to

text: those

text: of

text: other

text: vertebrates

text: but

text: dramatic

text: differences

text: appear

text: in

text: the

text: forebrain

text: which

text: is

text: greatly

text: enlarged

text: and

text: also

text: altered

text: in

text: structure

text: The

text: cerebral

text: cortex

text: is

text: the

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: brain

text: that

text: most

text: strongly

text: distinguishes

text: mammals

text: In

text: non

text: mammalian

text: vertebrates

text: the

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: cerebrum

text: is

text: lined

text: with

text: a

text: comparatively

text: simple

text: three

text: layered

text: structure

text: called

text: the

text: pallium

text: In

text: mammals

text: the

text: pallium

text: evolves

text: into

text: a

text: complex

text: six

text: layered

text: structure

text: called

text: neocortex

text: or

text: isocortex

text: Several

text: areas

text: at

text: the

text: edge

text: of

text: the

text: neocortex

text: including

text: the

text: hippocampus

text: and

text: amygdala

text: are

text: also

text: much

text: more

text: extensively

text: developed

text: in

text: mammals

text: than

text: in

text: other

text: vertebrates

question: What part of the brain most strongly differentiates mammals from other vertebrates?

answer: The cerebral cortex

text: The cerebral cortex

question: The three-layered structure covering the cerebrum in non-mammals is known as what?

answer: pallium

text: pallium

question: Mammals have a pallium that involved into what?

answer: neocortex or isocortex

text: neocortex or isocortex

question: The hippocampus and amygdala are ares inside what structure?

answer: neocortex

text: neocortex


text: Comcast sold Comcast Cellular to SBC Communications in 1999 for $400 million, releasing them from $1.27 billion in debt. Comcast acquired Greater Philadelphia Cablevision in 1999. In March 1999, Comcast offered to buy MediaOne for $60 billion. However, MediaOne decided to accept AT&T Corporation's offer of $62 billion instead. Comcast University started in 1999 as well as Comcast Interactive Capital Group to make technology and Internet related investments taking its first investment in VeriSign.

title: Comcast

title: Comcast

text: Comcast

text: sold

text: Comcast

text: Cellular

text: to

text: SBC

text: Communications

text: in

text: for

text: million

text: releasing

text: them

text: from

text: billion

text: in

text: debt

text: Comcast

text: acquired

text: Greater

text: Philadelphia

text: Cablevision

text: in

text: In

text: March

text: Comcast

text: offered

text: to

text: buy

text: MediaOne

text: for

text: billion

text: However

text: MediaOne

text: decided

text: to

text: accept

text: AT&T

text: Corporation

text: 's

text: offer

text: of

text: billion

text: instead

text: Comcast

text: University

text: started

text: in

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Comcast

text: Interactive

text: Capital

text: Group

text: to

text: make

text: technology

text: and

text: Internet

text: related

text: investments

text: taking

text: its

text: first

text: investment

text: in

text: VeriSign

question: What was Comcast's telecommunication business prior to 1999?

answer: Comcast Cellular

text: Comcast Cellular

question: What company did Comcast sell their telecommunications company to?

answer: SBC Communications

text: SBC Communications

question: How much was ComCast Cellular sold for in 1999?

answer: $400 million

text: $400 million

question: What internet commerce company did Comcast invest in?

answer: VeriSign

text: VeriSign

question: MediaOne merged with what telecommunications company?

answer: AT&T Corporation

text: AT&T Corporation

question: How much did Comcast pay to purchase Greater Philadelphia Cablvision?

text: $400 million

question: What company turned down AT&T's offer?

text: MediaOne

question: What month did VeriSign start?

text: March

question: How much debt did SBC Communications have?

text: $1.27 billion

question: Who sold Comcast Cellular to Comcast?

text: SBC Communications


text: There were 15,848 households out of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 24.8% were married couples living together, 23.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.1% were non-families. 37.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 15.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.26.

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

text: There

text: were

text: households

text: out

text: of

text: which

text: had

text: children

text: under

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: living

text: with

text: them

text: were

text: married

text: couples

text: living

text: together

text: had

text: a

text: female

text: householder

text: with

text: no

text: husband

text: present

text: and

text: were

text: non

text: families

text: of

text: all

text: households

text: were

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: individuals

text: and

text: had

text: someone

text: living

text: alone

text: who

text: was

text: years

text: of

text: age

text: or

text: older

text: The

text: average

text: household

text: size

text: was

text: and

text: the

text: average

text: family

text: size

text: was

question: How many households had children under the age of 18 living with them?

answer: 27.7%

question: How many households were there in Atlantic City?

answer: 15,848

question: How many households were made up of individuals?

answer: 37.2%

question: What was the average household size in Atlantic City?

answer: 2.46

question: What was the average family size in Atlantic City?

answer: 3.26


text: The governments of Australia and New Zealand responded to the 2011 fresh-water crisis by supplying temporary desalination plants, and assisted in the repair of the existing desalination unit that was donated by Japan in 2006. In response to the 2011 drought, Japan funded the purchase of a 100 m3/d desalination plant and two portable 10 m3/d plants as part of its Pacific Environment Community (PEC) program. Aid programs from the European Union and Australia also provided water tanks as part of the longer term solution for the storage of available fresh water.

title: Tuvalu

title: Tuvalu

text: The

text: governments

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: responded

text: to

text: the

text: fresh

text: water

text: crisis

text: by

text: supplying

text: temporary

text: desalination

text: plants

text: and

text: assisted

text: in

text: the

text: repair

text: of

text: the

text: existing

text: desalination

text: unit

text: that

text: was

text: donated

text: by

text: Japan

text: in

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: drought

text: Japan

text: funded

text: the

text: purchase

text: of

text: a

text: desalination

text: plant

text: and

text: two

text: portable

text: plants

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: its

text: Pacific

text: Environment

text: Community

text: PEC

text: program

text: Aid

text: programs

text: from

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: and

text: Australia

text: also

text: provided

text: water

text: tanks

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: longer

text: term

text: solution

text: for

text: the

text: storage

text: of

text: available

text: fresh

text: water

question: What type of device did Australia and New Zealand offer to Tuvalu during the 2011 drought?

answer: desalination plants

text: desalination plants

question: As aprt of what program did Japan fund a new desalination plant at Tuvalu?

answer: Pacific Environment Community

text: Pacific Environment Community

question: What did aid from the European Union provide during the drought on Tuvalu?

answer: water tanks

text: water tanks

question: What did Tuvalu's new water tanks make possible to store?

answer: fresh water

text: fresh water

question: In what year had Japan previously donated a desalination plant to Tuvalu?

answer: 2006


text: Montana has a larger Native American population numerically and percentage-wise than most U.S. states. Although the state ranked 45th in population (according to the 2010 U.S. Census), it ranked 19th in total native people population. Native people constituted 6.5 percent of the state's total population, the sixth highest percentage of all 50 states. Montana has three counties in which Native Americans are a majority: Big Horn, Glacier, and Roosevelt. Other counties with large Native American populations include Blaine, Cascade, Hill, Missoula, and Yellowstone counties. The state's Native American population grew by 27.9 percent between 1980 and 1990 (at a time when Montana's entire population rose just 1.6 percent), and by 18.5 percent between 2000 and 2010. As of 2009, almost two-thirds of Native Americans in the state live in urban areas. Of Montana's 20 largest cities, Polson (15.7 percent), Havre (13.0 percent), Great Falls (5.0 percent), Billings (4.4 percent), and Anaconda (3.1 percent) had the greatest percentage of Native American residents in 2010. Billings (4,619), Great Falls (2,942), Missoula (1,838), Havre (1,210), and Polson (706) have the most Native Americans living there. The state's seven reservations include more than twelve distinct Native American ethnolinguistic groups.

title: Montana

title: Montana

text: Montana

text: has

text: a

text: larger

text: Native

text: American

text: population

text: numerically

text: and

text: percentage

text: wise

text: than

text: most

text: U.S.

text: states

text: Although

text: the

text: state

text: ranked

text: in

text: population

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Census

text: it

text: ranked

text: in

text: total

text: native

text: people

text: population

text: Native

text: people

text: constituted

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: total

text: population

text: the

text: sixth

text: highest

text: percentage

text: of

text: all

text: states

text: Montana

text: has

text: three

text: counties

text: in

text: which

text: Native

text: Americans

text: are

text: a

text: majority

text: Big

text: Horn

text: Glacier

text: and

text: Roosevelt

text: Other

text: counties

text: with

text: large

text: Native

text: American

text: populations

text: include

text: Blaine

text: Cascade

text: Hill

text: Missoula

text: and

text: Yellowstone

text: counties

text: The

text: state

text: 's

text: Native

text: American

text: population

text: grew

text: by

text: percent

text: between

text: and

text: at

text: a

text: time

text: when

text: Montana

text: 's

text: entire

text: population

text: rose

text: just

text: percent

text: and

text: by

text: percent

text: between

text: and

text: As

text: of

text: almost

text: two

text: thirds

text: of

text: Native

text: Americans

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: live

text: in

text: urban

text: areas

text: Of

text: Montana

text: 's

text: largest

text: cities

text: Polson

text: percent

text: Havre

text: percent

text: Great

text: Falls

text: percent

text: Billings

text: percent

text: and

text: Anaconda

text: percent

text: had

text: the

text: greatest

text: percentage

text: of

text: Native

text: American

text: residents

text: in

text: Billings

text: Great

text: Falls

text: Missoula

text: Havre

text: and

text: Polson

text: have

text: the

text: most

text: Native

text: Americans

text: living

text: there

text: The

text: state

text: 's

text: seven

text: reservations

text: include

text: more

text: than

text: twelve

text: distinct

text: Native

text: American

text: ethnolinguistic

text: groups

question: What percentage of the population in Montana are Native peoples?

answer: 6.5 percent

text: 6.5 percent

question: What three counties are Native Americans a majority?

answer: Big Horn, Glacier, and Roosevelt

text: Big Horn, Glacier, and Roosevelt

question: Between what years did the Native population increase by 27.9%

answer: 1980 and 1990

text: 1980 and 1990


text: On 11 March 1978, a PLO guerilla raid from Lebanon led to the Coastal Road Massacre. Israel responded by launching an invasion of southern Lebanon to destroy the PLO bases south of the Litani River. Most PLO fighters withdrew, but Israel was able to secure southern Lebanon until a UN force and the Lebanese army could take over. The PLO soon resumed its policy of attacks against Israel. In the next few years, the PLO infiltrated the south and kept up a sporadic shelling across the border. Israel carried out numerous retaliatory attacks by air and on the ground.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: On

text: March

text: a

text: PLO

text: guerilla

text: raid

text: from

text: Lebanon

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: Coastal

text: Road

text: Massacre

text: Israel

text: responded

text: by

text: launching

text: an

text: invasion

text: of

text: southern

text: Lebanon

text: to

text: destroy

text: the

text: PLO

text: bases

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: Litani

text: River

text: Most

text: PLO

text: fighters

text: withdrew

text: but

text: Israel

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: secure

text: southern

text: Lebanon

text: until

text: a

text: UN

text: force

text: and

text: the

text: Lebanese

text: army

text: could

text: take

text: over

text: The

text: PLO

text: soon

text: resumed

text: its

text: policy

text: of

text: attacks

text: against

text: Israel

text: In

text: the

text: next

text: few

text: years

text: the

text: PLO

text: infiltrated

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: kept

text: up

text: a

text: sporadic

text: shelling

text: across

text: the

text: border

text: Israel

text: carried

text: out

text: numerous

text: retaliatory

text: attacks

text: by

text: air

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: ground

question: When did the Coastal Road Massacre occur?

answer: 11 March 1978

text: 11 March 1978

question: Who secured southern Lebanon?

answer: Israel

text: Israel

question: Where were the PLO bases located?

answer: south of the Litani River

text: south of the Litani River


text: Feynman has been called the "Great Explainer". He gained a reputation for taking great care when giving explanations to his students and for making it a moral duty to make the topic accessible. His guiding principle was that, if a topic could not be explained in a freshman lecture, it was not yet fully understood. Feynman gained great pleasure from coming up with such a "freshman-level" explanation, for example, of the connection between spin and statistics. What he said was that groups of particles with spin ½ "repel", whereas groups with integer spin "clump". This was a brilliantly simplified way of demonstrating how Fermi–Dirac statistics and Bose–Einstein statistics evolved as a consequence of studying how fermions and bosons behave under a rotation of 360°. This was also a question he pondered in his more advanced lectures, and to which he demonstrated the solution in the 1986 Dirac memorial lecture. In the same lecture, he further explained that antiparticles must exist, for if particles had only positive energies, they would not be restricted to a so-called "light cone".

title: Richard_Feynman

title: Richard_Feynman

text: Feynman

text: has

text: been

text: called

text: the

text: Great

text: Explainer

text: He

text: gained

text: a

text: reputation

text: for

text: taking

text: great

text: care

text: when

text: giving

text: explanations

text: to

text: his

text: students

text: and

text: for

text: making

text: it

text: a

text: moral

text: duty

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: topic

text: accessible

text: His

text: guiding

text: principle

text: was

text: that

text: if

text: a

text: topic

text: could

text: not

text: be

text: explained

text: in

text: a

text: freshman

text: lecture

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: yet

text: fully

text: understood

text: Feynman

text: gained

text: great

text: pleasure

text: from

text: coming

text: up

text: with

text: such

text: a

text: freshman

text: level

text: explanation

text: for

text: example

text: of

text: the

text: connection

text: between

text: spin

text: and

text: statistics

text: What

text: he

text: said

text: was

text: that

text: groups

text: of

text: particles

text: with

text: spin

text: ½

text: repel

text: whereas

text: groups

text: with

text: integer

text: spin

text: clump

text: This

text: was

text: a

text: brilliantly

text: simplified

text: way

text: of

text: demonstrating

text: how

text: Fermi

text: Dirac

text: statistics

text: and

text: Bose

text: Einstein

text: statistics

text: evolved

text: as

text: a

text: consequence

text: of

text: studying

text: how

text: fermions

text: and

text: bosons

text: behave

text: under

text: a

text: rotation

text: of

text: This

text: was

text: also

text: a

text: question

text: he

text: pondered

text: in

text: his

text: more

text: advanced

text: lectures

text: and

text: to

text: which

text: he

text: demonstrated

text: the

text: solution

text: in

text: the

text: Dirac

text: memorial

text: lecture

text: In

text: the

text: same

text: lecture

text: he

text: further

text: explained

text: that

text: antiparticles

text: must

text: exist

text: for

text: if

text: particles

text: had

text: only

text: positive

text: energies

text: they

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: restricted

text: to

text: a

text: so

text: called

text: light

text: cone

question: Which nickname did Feynman receive?

answer: Great Explainer

text: Great Explainer

question: Feynman believed that if a topic was not easily accessible to freshmen than it was not yet what?

answer: fully understood

text: fully understood

question: In a lecture, Feynman said that what had to exist?

answer: antiparticles

text: antiparticles

question: Antiparticles had to exist because if particles only were of positive energy, they would not be in what?

answer: light cone

text: light cone

question: Which nickname did Feynman lose?

text: Great Explainer

question: What did Feynman suggest can't exist in a lecture?

text: antiparticles

question: What unknown teacher was considered the "Great Explainer"?

text: Feynman

question: What did Feynman think were static and could never spin?

text: particles


text: In 2000, the FBI began the Trilogy project to upgrade its outdated information technology (IT) infrastructure. This project, originally scheduled to take three years and cost around $380 million, ended up going far over budget and behind schedule. Efforts to deploy modern computers and networking equipment were generally successful, but attempts to develop new investigation software, outsourced to Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), were not. Virtual Case File, or VCF, as the software was known, was plagued by poorly defined goals, and repeated changes in management. In January 2005, more than two years after the software was originally planned for completion, the FBI officially abandoned the project. At least $100 million (and much more by some estimates) was spent on the project, which never became operational. The FBI has been forced to continue using its decade-old Automated Case Support system, which IT experts consider woefully inadequate. In March 2005, the FBI announced it was beginning a new, more ambitious software project, code-named Sentinel, which they expected to complete by 2009.

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

text: In

text: the

text: FBI

text: began

text: the

text: Trilogy

text: project

text: to

text: upgrade

text: its

text: outdated

text: information

text: technology

text: IT

text: infrastructure

text: This

text: project

text: originally

text: scheduled

text: to

text: take

text: three

text: years

text: and

text: cost

text: around

text: million

text: ended

text: up

text: going

text: far

text: over

text: budget

text: and

text: behind

text: schedule

text: Efforts

text: to

text: deploy

text: modern

text: computers

text: and

text: networking

text: equipment

text: were

text: generally

text: successful

text: but

text: attempts

text: to

text: develop

text: new

text: investigation

text: software

text: outsourced

text: to

text: Science

text: Applications

text: International

text: Corporation

text: SAIC

text: were

text: not

text: Virtual

text: Case

text: File

text: or

text: VCF

text: as

text: the

text: software

text: was

text: known

text: was

text: plagued

text: by

text: poorly

text: defined

text: goals

text: and

text: repeated

text: changes

text: in

text: management

text: In

text: January

text: more

text: than

text: two

text: years

text: after

text: the

text: software

text: was

text: originally

text: planned

text: for

text: completion

text: the

text: FBI

text: officially

text: abandoned

text: the

text: project

text: At

text: least

text: million

text: and

text: much

text: more

text: by

text: some

text: estimates

text: was

text: spent

text: on

text: the

text: project

text: which

text: never

text: became

text: operational

text: The

text: FBI

text: has

text: been

text: forced

text: to

text: continue

text: using

text: its

text: decade

text: old

text: Automated

text: Case

text: Support

text: system

text: which

text: IT

text: experts

text: consider

text: woefully

text: inadequate

text: In

text: March

text: the

text: FBI

text: announced

text: it

text: was

text: beginning

text: a

text: new

text: more

text: ambitious

text: software

text: project

text: code

text: named

text: Sentinel

text: which

text: they

text: expected

text: to

text: complete

text: by

question: When did the FBI begin the Trilogy project?

answer: 2000

question: What project centered on upgrading FBI Information Technology Infrastructure?

answer: Trilogy project

text: Trilogy project

question: Did the Trilogy project go over budget?

answer: far over budget

text: far over budget

question: When did the FBI abandon the VCF project?

answer: January 2005

text: January 2005


text: The AEA's work progressed to heavier-than-air machines, applying their knowledge of kites to gliders. Moving to Hammondsport, the group then designed and built the Red Wing, framed in bamboo and covered in red silk and powered by a small air-cooled engine. On March 12, 1908, over Keuka Lake, the biplane lifted off on the first public flight in North America.[N 24] [N 25] The innovations that were incorporated into this design included a cockpit enclosure and tail rudder (later variations on the original design would add ailerons as a means of control). One of the AEA's inventions, a practical wingtip form of the aileron, was to become a standard component on all aircraft. [N 26] The White Wing and June Bug were to follow and by the end of 1908, over 150 flights without mishap had been accomplished. However, the AEA had depleted its initial reserves and only a $15,000 grant from Mrs. Bell allowed it to continue with experiments. Lt. Selfridge had also become the first person killed in a powered heavier-than-air flight in a crash of the Wright Flyer at Fort Myer, Virginia, on September 17, 1908.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: The

text: AEA

text: 's

text: work

text: progressed

text: to

text: heavier

text: than

text: air

text: machines

text: applying

text: their

text: knowledge

text: of

text: kites

text: to

text: gliders

text: Moving

text: to

text: Hammondsport

text: the

text: group

text: then

text: designed

text: and

text: built

text: the

text: Red

text: Wing

text: framed

text: in

text: bamboo

text: and

text: covered

text: in

text: red

text: silk

text: and

text: powered

text: by

text: a

text: small

text: air

text: cooled

text: engine

text: On

text: March

text: over

text: Keuka

text: Lake

text: the

text: biplane

text: lifted

text: off

text: on

text: the

text: first

text: public

text: flight

text: in

text: North

text: America.[N

text: N

text: The

text: innovations

text: that

text: were

text: incorporated

text: into

text: this

text: design

text: included

text: a

text: cockpit

text: enclosure

text: and

text: tail

text: rudder

text: later

text: variations

text: on

text: the

text: original

text: design

text: would

text: add

text: ailerons

text: as

text: a

text: means

text: of

text: control

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: AEA

text: 's

text: inventions

text: a

text: practical

text: wingtip

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: aileron

text: was

text: to

text: become

text: a

text: standard

text: component

text: on

text: all

text: aircraft

text: N

text: The

text: White

text: Wing

text: and

text: June

text: Bug

text: were

text: to

text: follow

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: over

text: flights

text: without

text: mishap

text: had

text: been

text: accomplished

text: However

text: the

text: AEA

text: had

text: depleted

text: its

text: initial

text: reserves

text: and

text: only

text: a

text: grant

text: from

text: Mrs.

text: Bell

text: allowed

text: it

text: to

text: continue

text: with

text: experiments

text: Lt

text: Selfridge

text: had

text: also

text: become

text: the

text: first

text: person

text: killed

text: in

text: a

text: powered

text: heavier

text: than

text: air

text: flight

text: in

text: a

text: crash

text: of

text: the

text: Wright

text: Flyer

text: at

text: Fort

text: Myer

text: Virginia

text: on

text: September

question: What did the AEA work on after kites?

answer: gliders

text: gliders

question: What material was the Red Wing's frame made of?

answer: bamboo

text: bamboo

question: What kind of plane was the Red Wing?

answer: biplane

text: biplane

question: How many accident-free flights had the AEA taken by 1909?

answer: 150

question: Who was the first person to die in a plane crash?

answer: Selfridge

text: Selfridge


text: The Bronx is the home of the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball. The original Yankee Stadium opened in 1923 on 161st Street and River Avenue, a year that saw the Yankees bring home their first of 27 World Series Championships. With the famous facade, the short right field porch and Monument Park, Yankee Stadium has been home to many of baseball's greatest players including Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Joe DiMaggio, Whitey Ford, Yogi Berra, Mickey Mantle, Reggie Jackson, Derek Jeter and Mariano Rivera.

title: The_Bronx

title: The_Bronx

text: The

text: Bronx

text: is

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Yankees

text: of

text: Major

text: League

text: Baseball

text: The

text: original

text: Yankee

text: Stadium

text: opened

text: in

text: on

text: Street

text: and

text: River

text: Avenue

text: a

text: year

text: that

text: saw

text: the

text: Yankees

text: bring

text: home

text: their

text: first

text: of

text: World

text: Series

text: Championships

text: With

text: the

text: famous

text: facade

text: the

text: short

text: right

text: field

text: porch

text: and

text: Monument

text: Park

text: Yankee

text: Stadium

text: has

text: been

text: home

text: to

text: many

text: of

text: baseball

text: 's

text: greatest

text: players

text: including

text: Babe

text: Ruth

text: Lou

text: Gehrig

text: Joe

text: DiMaggio

text: Whitey

text: Ford

text: Yogi

text: Berra

text: Mickey

text: Mantle

text: Reggie

text: Jackson

text: Derek

text: Jeter

text: and

text: Mariano

text: Rivera

question: When did the first Yankee Stadium open?

answer: 1923

question: Where was the first Yankee Stadium?

answer: on 161st Street and River Avenue

text: on 161st Street and River Avenue

question: How many times have the Yankees won the World Series?

answer: 27

question: Which historic great players have played at Yankee Stadium?

answer: Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Joe DiMaggio, Whitey Ford, Yogi Berra, Mickey Mantle, Reggie Jackson, Derek Jeter and Mariano Rivera

text: Babe Ruth, Lou Gehrig, Joe DiMaggio, Whitey Ford, Yogi Berra, Mickey Mantle, Reggie Jackson, Derek Jeter and Mariano Rivera

question: What league are the NY Yankees in?

answer: Major League Baseball

text: Major League Baseball


text: A 2005 paper states "recent research has failed to support earlier findings that pet ownership is associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, a reduced use of general practitioner services, or any psychological or physical benefits on health for community dwelling older people. Research has, however, pointed to significantly less absenteeism from school through sickness among children who live with pets." In one study, new guardians reported a highly significant reduction in minor health problems during the first month following pet acquisition, and this effect was sustained in those with dogs through to the end of the study.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: A

text: paper

text: states

text: recent

text: research

text: has

text: failed

text: to

text: support

text: earlier

text: findings

text: that

text: pet

text: ownership

text: is

text: associated

text: with

text: a

text: reduced

text: risk

text: of

text: cardiovascular

text: disease

text: a

text: reduced

text: use

text: of

text: general

text: practitioner

text: services

text: or

text: any

text: psychological

text: or

text: physical

text: benefits

text: on

text: health

text: for

text: community

text: dwelling

text: older

text: people

text: Research

text: has

text: however

text: pointed

text: to

text: significantly

text: less

text: absenteeism

text: from

text: school

text: through

text: sickness

text: among

text: children

text: who

text: live

text: with

text: pets

text: In

text: one

text: study

text: new

text: guardians

text: reported

text: a

text: highly

text: significant

text: reduction

text: in

text: minor

text: health

text: problems

text: during

text: the

text: first

text: month

text: following

text: pet

text: acquisition

text: and

text: this

text: effect

text: was

text: sustained

text: in

text: those

text: with

text: dogs

text: through

text: to

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: study

question: What year did a publication come out indicating having a pet does not mean lower risk of heart disease in the elderly?

answer: 2005

question: What is lowered in children who have pets?

answer: absenteeism from school

text: absenteeism from school

question: What year did a report state that research did not support better health for elderly people who own pets?

answer: 2005


text: In Whitehead's view, then, concepts such as "quality", "matter", and "form" are problematic. These "classical" concepts fail to adequately account for change, and overlook the active and experiential nature of the most basic elements of the world. They are useful abstractions, but are not the world's basic building blocks. What is ordinarily conceived of as a single person, for instance, is philosophically described as a continuum of overlapping events. After all, people change all the time, if only because they have aged by another second and had some further experience. These occasions of experience are logically distinct, but are progressively connected in what Whitehead calls a "society" of events. By assuming that enduring objects are the most real and fundamental things in the universe, materialists have mistaken the abstract for the concrete (what Whitehead calls the "fallacy of misplaced concreteness").

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

text: In

text: Whitehead

text: 's

text: view

text: then

text: concepts

text: such

text: as

text: quality

text: matter

text: and

text: form

text: are

text: problematic

text: These

text: classical

text: concepts

text: fail

text: to

text: adequately

text: account

text: for

text: change

text: and

text: overlook

text: the

text: active

text: and

text: experiential

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: basic

text: elements

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: They

text: are

text: useful

text: abstractions

text: but

text: are

text: not

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: basic

text: building

text: blocks

text: What

text: is

text: ordinarily

text: conceived

text: of

text: as

text: a

text: single

text: person

text: for

text: instance

text: is

text: philosophically

text: described

text: as

text: a

text: continuum

text: of

text: overlapping

text: events

text: After

text: all

text: people

text: change

text: all

text: the

text: time

text: if

text: only

text: because

text: they

text: have

text: aged

text: by

text: another

text: second

text: and

text: had

text: some

text: further

text: experience

text: These

text: occasions

text: of

text: experience

text: are

text: logically

text: distinct

text: but

text: are

text: progressively

text: connected

text: in

text: what

text: Whitehead

text: calls

text: a

text: society

text: of

text: events

text: By

text: assuming

text: that

text: enduring

text: objects

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: real

text: and

text: fundamental

text: things

text: in

text: the

text: universe

text: materialists

text: have

text: mistaken

text: the

text: abstract

text: for

text: the

text: concrete

text: what

text: Whitehead

text: calls

text: the

text: fallacy

text: of

text: misplaced

text: concreteness

question: Concepts such as quality, matter, and form fail to account for what?

answer: change

text: change

question: What concepts overlook the experiential nature of basic elements?

answer: quality", "matter", and "form"

text: quality", "matter", and "form"

question: What are the concepts quality, matter, and form considered?

answer: "classical" concepts

text: "classical" concepts

question: Instead of being a single person, what does Whitehead view a person as?

answer: continuum of overlapping events

text: continuum of overlapping events

question: What does Whitehead call experiences that are progressively connected?

answer: society

text: society

question: What basic concepts did Whitehead believe were questionable?

answer: "quality", "matter", and "form"

text: "quality", "matter", and "form"

question: Why did he believe those concepts were inaccurate?

answer: These "classical" concepts fail to adequately account for change, and overlook the active and experiential nature of the most basic elements of the world.

text: These "classical" concepts fail to adequately account for change, and overlook the active and experiential nature of the most basic elements of the world.

question: How did Whitehead classify what is usually seen as an individual person?

answer: a continuum of overlapping events

text: a continuum of overlapping events

question: How did Whitehead refer to the combination of a person's separate experiences?

answer: a "society" of events

text: a "society" of events

question: How did Whitehead define the "fallacy of misplaced concreteness"?

answer: By assuming that enduring objects are the most real and fundamental things in the universe, materialists have mistaken the abstract for the concrete

text: By assuming that enduring objects are the most real and fundamental things in the universe, materialists have mistaken the abstract for the concrete

question: What basic concepts did Whitehead believe were not questionable?

text: "quality", "matter", and "form"

question: Why did he believe those concepts were accurate?

question: How did Whitehead refer to the combination of a person's not separate experiences?

text: society" of events

question: How did Whitehead classify what is usually seen as a nonindividual person?

text: continuum of overlapping events

question: How did Whitehead define the "fallacy of well placed concreteness"?


text: The Schnellweg (en: expressway) system, a number of Bundesstraße roads, forms a structure loosely resembling a large ring road together with A2 and A7. The roads are B 3, B 6 and B 65, called Westschnellweg (B6 on the northern part, B3 on the southern part), Messeschnellweg (B3, becomes A37 near Burgdorf, crosses A2, becomes B3 again, changes to B6 at Seelhorster Kreuz, then passes the Hanover fairground as B6 and becomes A37 again before merging into A7) and Südschnellweg (starts out as B65, becomes B3/B6/B65 upon crossing Westschnellweg, then becomes B65 again at Seelhorster Kreuz).

title: Hanover

title: Hanover

text: The

text: Schnellweg

text: en

text: expressway

text: system

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: Bundesstraße

text: roads

text: forms

text: a

text: structure

text: loosely

text: resembling

text: a

text: large

text: ring

text: road

text: together

text: with

text: and

text: The

text: roads

text: are

text: B

text: B

text: and

text: B

text: called

text: Westschnellweg

text: on

text: the

text: northern

text: part

text: on

text: the

text: southern

text: part

text: Messeschnellweg

text: becomes

text: near

text: Burgdorf

text: crosses

text: becomes

text: again

text: changes

text: to

text: at

text: Seelhorster

text: Kreuz

text: then

text: passes

text: the

text: Hanover

text: fairground

text: as

text: and

text: becomes

text: again

text: before

text: merging

text: into

text: and

text: Südschnellweg

text: starts

text: out

text: as

text: becomes

text: upon

text: crossing

text: Westschnellweg

text: then

text: becomes

text: again

text: at

text: Seelhorster

text: Kreuz

question: What is a Schnellweg?

answer: expressway

text: expressway

question: What structure does the Schnellweg and a number of roads roughly form?

answer: a large ring road

text: a large ring road

question: When does the Messeschnellweg change to the B6?

answer: Seelhorster Kreuz

text: Seelhorster Kreuz

question: What road does the Messeschnellweg pass the Hanover fairground as?

answer: B6

question: What road does the Südschnellweg start out as?

answer: B65

question: What road is called the B6 on the southern part?

text: Westschnellweg

question: What road becomes B3 near Burgdorf?

text: Messeschnellweg

question: What fairground does the Messeschnellweg pass?

text: Hanover fairground

question: What road does B sixty-five become at Seelhorster Kreuz?

text: Westschnellweg


text: Congo-Brazzaville has had a multi-party political system since the early 1990s, although the system is heavily dominated by President Denis Sassou Nguesso; he has lacked serious competition in the presidential elections held under his rule. Sassou Nguesso is backed by his own Congolese Labour Party (French: Parti Congolais du Travail) as well as a range of smaller parties.

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

text: Congo

text: Brazzaville

text: has

text: had

text: a

text: multi

text: party

text: political

text: system

text: since

text: the

text: early

text: although

text: the

text: system

text: is

text: heavily

text: dominated

text: by

text: President

text: Denis

text: Sassou

text: Nguesso

text: he

text: has

text: lacked

text: serious

text: competition

text: in

text: the

text: presidential

text: elections

text: held

text: under

text: his

text: rule

text: Sassou

text: Nguesso

text: is

text: backed

text: by

text: his

text: own

text: Congolese

text: Labour

text: Party

text: French

text: Parti

text: Congolais

text: du

text: Travail

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: smaller

text: parties

question: What kind of political system has existed in Congo-Brazzaville since the '90s?

answer: multi-party

text: multi-party

question: Which party does Sassou belong to?

answer: Congolese Labour Party

text: Congolese Labour Party

question: What is the French term for Sassou's political party?

answer: Parti Congolais du Travail

text: Parti Congolais du Travail

question: Since when has Congo-Brazzaville has a single party political system?

text: the early 1990s

question: Who has serious competition in the presidential elections?

text: President Denis Sassou Nguesso

question: What is the Congolese Labour Party called in German?

text: Parti Congolais du Travail

question: What party does not back Sassou?

text: Congolese Labour Party

question: What is not dominated by Sassou?

text: the system


text: In the Colonial America of 1619, John Rolfe used negars in describing the slaves who were captured from West Africa and then shipped to the Virginia colony. Later American English spellings, neger and neggar, prevailed in a northern colony, New York under the Dutch, and in metropolitan Philadelphia's Moravian and Pennsylvania Dutch communities; the African Burial Ground in New York City originally was known by the Dutch name "Begraafplaats van de Neger" (Cemetery of the Negro); an early US occurrence of neger in Rhode Island, dates from 1625. Thomas Jefferson also used the term "black" in his Notes on the State of Virginia in allusion to the slave populations.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: In

text: the

text: Colonial

text: America

text: of

text: John

text: Rolfe

text: used

text: negars

text: in

text: describing

text: the

text: slaves

text: who

text: were

text: captured

text: from

text: West

text: Africa

text: and

text: then

text: shipped

text: to

text: the

text: Virginia

text: colony

text: Later

text: American

text: English

text: spellings

text: neger

text: and

text: neggar

text: prevailed

text: in

text: a

text: northern

text: colony

text: New

text: York

text: under

text: the

text: Dutch

text: and

text: in

text: metropolitan

text: Philadelphia

text: 's

text: Moravian

text: and

text: Pennsylvania

text: Dutch

text: communities

text: the

text: African

text: Burial

text: Ground

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: originally

text: was

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: Dutch

text: name

text: Begraafplaats

text: van

text: de

text: Neger

text: Cemetery

text: of

text: the

text: Negro

text: an

text: early

text: US

text: occurrence

text: of

text: neger

text: in

text: Rhode

text: Island

text: dates

text: from

text: Thomas

text: Jefferson

text: also

text: used

text: the

text: term

text: black

text: in

text: his

text: Notes

text: on

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Virginia

text: in

text: allusion

text: to

text: the

text: slave

text: populations

question: Who described slaves as negars?

answer: John Rolfe

text: John Rolfe

question: Where was John Rolfe?

answer: Colonial America

text: Colonial America

question: Where were slaves shipped to from West Africa?

answer: Virginia colony

text: Virginia colony

question: What was the name of the African burial ground in New York City?

answer: "Begraafplaats van de Neger"

text: "Begraafplaats van de Neger"

question: What does "Begraafplaats van de Neger" mean?

answer: Cemetery of the Negro

text: Cemetery of the Negro


text: With the neoplatonist Plotinus, wrote Nathaniel Alfred Boll; "there even appears, probably for the first time in Western philosophy, idealism that had long been current in the East even at that time, for it taught... that the soul has made the world by stepping from eternity into time...". Similarly, in regard to passages from the Enneads, "The only space or place of the world is the soul" and "Time must not be assumed to exist outside the soul", Ludwig Noiré wrote: "For the first time in Western philosophy we find idealism proper in Plotinus, However, Plotinus does not address whether we know external objects, unlike Schopenhauer and other modern philosophers.

title: Idealism

title: Idealism

text: With

text: the

text: neoplatonist

text: Plotinus

text: wrote

text: Nathaniel

text: Alfred

text: Boll

text: there

text: even

text: appears

text: probably

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: in

text: Western

text: philosophy

text: idealism

text: that

text: had

text: long

text: been

text: current

text: in

text: the

text: East

text: even

text: at

text: that

text: time

text: for

text: it

text: taught

text: that

text: the

text: soul

text: has

text: made

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: stepping

text: from

text: eternity

text: into

text: time

text: Similarly

text: in

text: regard

text: to

text: passages

text: from

text: the

text: Enneads

text: The

text: only

text: space

text: or

text: place

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: is

text: the

text: soul

text: and

text: Time

text: must

text: not

text: be

text: assumed

text: to

text: exist

text: outside

text: the

text: soul

text: Ludwig

text: Noiré

text: wrote

text: For

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: in

text: Western

text: philosophy

text: we

text: find

text: idealism

text: proper

text: in

text: Plotinus

text: However

text: Plotinus

text: does

text: not

text: address

text: whether

text: we

text: know

text: external

text: objects

text: unlike

text: Schopenhauer

text: and

text: other

text: modern

text: philosophers

question: What sort of philosopher was Plotinus?

answer: neoplatonist

text: neoplatonist

question: According to Noiré, who was the first true Western idealist?

answer: Plotinus

text: Plotinus

question: What issue did Schopenhauer discuss that Plotinus did not?

answer: whether we know external objects

text: whether we know external objects

question: What did the Enneads believe might not have existence outside of the soul?

answer: Time

text: Time

question: What type of philosopher was Nathaniel Alfred Boll?

text: neoplatonist

question: Who was one of the Enneads?

text: Ludwig Noiré

question: What modern philosopher as Plotinus similar to?

text: Schopenhauer

question: Who said time existed outside of the soul?

text: Enneads

question: Boll taught that the soul made the world by doing what?

text: stepping from eternity into time


text: Calcutta (now Kolkata) was the capital of India during the British Raj until December 1911. However, Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857. During the early 1900s, a proposal was made to the British administration to shift the capital of the British Indian Empire (as it was officially called) from Calcutta to Delhi. Unlike Calcutta, which was located on the eastern coast of India, Delhi was at the centre of northern India and the Government of British India felt that it would be logistically easier to administer India from the latter rather than the former.

title: New_Delhi

title: New_Delhi

text: Calcutta

text: now

text: Kolkata

text: was

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: India

text: during

text: the

text: British

text: Raj

text: until

text: December

text: However

text: Delhi

text: had

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: political

text: and

text: financial

text: centre

text: of

text: several

text: empires

text: of

text: ancient

text: India

text: and

text: the

text: Delhi

text: Sultanate

text: most

text: notably

text: of

text: the

text: Mughal

text: Empire

text: from

text: to

text: During

text: the

text: early

text: a

text: proposal

text: was

text: made

text: to

text: the

text: British

text: administration

text: to

text: shift

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Indian

text: Empire

text: as

text: it

text: was

text: officially

text: called

text: from

text: Calcutta

text: to

text: Delhi

text: Unlike

text: Calcutta

text: which

text: was

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: eastern

text: coast

text: of

text: India

text: Delhi

text: was

text: at

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: northern

text: India

text: and

text: the

text: Government

text: of

text: British

text: India

text: felt

text: that

text: it

text: would

text: be

text: logistically

text: easier

text: to

text: administer

text: India

text: from

text: the

text: latter

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: former

question: What city was the capital of India until December 1911?

answer: Calcutta

text: Calcutta

question: What is the name of the city formerly known as Calcutta?

answer: Kolkata

text: Kolkata

question: What is the name of the empire for which Delhi served as the political and financial capital from 1649 to 1857?

answer: Mughal Empire

text: Mughal Empire

question: In the early 1900s, the capital of the British Indian Empire was shifted from Calcutta to what city?

answer: Delhi

text: Delhi

question: In what part of India is Delhi located?

answer: the centre of northern India

text: the centre of northern India


text: Following the completion of his PhD in 1942, Feynman held an appointment at the University of Wisconsin–Madison as an assistant professor of physics. The appointment was spent on leave for his involvement in the Manhattan project. In 1945, he received a letter from Dean Mark Ingraham of the College of Letters and Science requesting his return to UW to teach in the coming academic year. His appointment was not extended when he did not commit to return. In a talk given several years later at UW, Feynman quipped, "It's great to be back at the only university that ever had the good sense to fire me."

title: Richard_Feynman

title: Richard_Feynman

text: Following

text: the

text: completion

text: of

text: his

text: PhD

text: in

text: Feynman

text: held

text: an

text: appointment

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Wisconsin

text: Madison

text: as

text: an

text: assistant

text: professor

text: of

text: physics

text: The

text: appointment

text: was

text: spent

text: on

text: leave

text: for

text: his

text: involvement

text: in

text: the

text: Manhattan

text: project

text: In

text: he

text: received

text: a

text: letter

text: from

text: Dean

text: Mark

text: Ingraham

text: of

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Letters

text: and

text: Science

text: requesting

text: his

text: return

text: to

text: UW

text: to

text: teach

text: in

text: the

text: coming

text: academic

text: year

text: His

text: appointment

text: was

text: not

text: extended

text: when

text: he

text: did

text: not

text: commit

text: to

text: return

text: In

text: a

text: talk

text: given

text: several

text: years

text: later

text: at

text: UW

text: Feynman

text: quipped

text: It

text: 's

text: great

text: to

text: be

text: back

text: at

text: the

text: only

text: university

text: that

text: ever

text: had

text: the

text: good

text: sense

text: to

text: fire

text: me

question: Where did Feynman receive a job after getting his PhD?

answer: University of Wisconsin–Madison

text: University of Wisconsin–Madison

question: Feyman received a letter to return to teaching from whom?

answer: Dean Mark Ingraham

text: Dean Mark Ingraham

question: Which year did Feyman complete his PhD?

answer: 1942

question: Where did Feynman spend his time during his contract at UW?

answer: Manhattan project

text: Manhattan project

question: Where did Feynman get rejected for a job after getting his PhD?

text: University of Wisconsin–Madison

question: Who told Feynman to never return to teaching?

text: Dean Mark Ingraham

question: Which year did Feynman lose his PhD?

question: Where was Feynman a senior professor of physics in 1942?

text: University of Wisconsin–Madison


text: The first lighting used on an airport was during the latter part of the 1920s; in the 1930s approach lighting came into use. These indicated the proper direction and angle of descent. The colours and flash intervals of these lights became standardized under the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). In the 1940s, the slope-line approach system was introduced. This consisted of two rows of lights that formed a funnel indicating an aircraft's position on the glideslope. Additional lights indicated incorrect altitude and direction.

title: Airport

title: Airport

text: The

text: first

text: lighting

text: used

text: on

text: an

text: airport

text: was

text: during

text: the

text: latter

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: in

text: the

text: approach

text: lighting

text: came

text: into

text: use

text: These

text: indicated

text: the

text: proper

text: direction

text: and

text: angle

text: of

text: descent

text: The

text: colours

text: and

text: flash

text: intervals

text: of

text: these

text: lights

text: became

text: standardized

text: under

text: the

text: International

text: Civil

text: Aviation

text: Organization

text: ICAO

text: In

text: the

text: the

text: slope

text: line

text: approach

text: system

text: was

text: introduced

text: This

text: consisted

text: of

text: two

text: rows

text: of

text: lights

text: that

text: formed

text: a

text: funnel

text: indicating

text: an

text: aircraft

text: 's

text: position

text: on

text: the

text: glideslope

text: Additional

text: lights

text: indicated

text: incorrect

text: altitude

text: and

text: direction

question: When was the first lighting used on an airport?

answer: latter part of the 1920s

text: latter part of the 1920s

question: When did approach lighting come into use?

answer: 1930s

question: What indicated the proper direction and angle of descent?

answer: approach lighting

text: approach lighting

question: When was the slope-line approach system introduced?

answer: 1940s

question: What consisted of two rows of lights that formed a funnel, indicating an aircraft's position on the glidescope?

answer: slope-line approach system

text: slope-line approach system

question: When was the first  lighting with flash intervals used on an airplane?

text: the latter part of the 1920s

question: What was standardized by airports in the 1920's?

question: What did the flash interval system consist of?

question: What do light colors indicate on an aircraft?

question: What group standardized additional indication lights?


text: Richmond has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), with hot and humid summers and generally cool winters. The mountains to the west act as a partial barrier to outbreaks of cold, continental air in winter; Arctic air is delayed long enough to be modified, then further warmed as it subsides in its approach to Richmond. The open waters of the Chesapeake Bay and Atlantic Ocean contribute to the humid summers and mild winters. The coldest weather normally occurs from late December to early February, and the January daily mean temperature is 37.9 °F (3.3 °C), with an average of 6.0 days with highs at or below the freezing mark. Downtown areas straddle the border between USDA Hardiness zones 7B and 8A, and temperatures seldom lower to 0 °F (−18 °C), with the most recent subzero (°F) reading occurring on January 28, 2000, when the temperature reached −1 °F (−18 °C). The July daily mean temperature is 79.3 °F (26.3 °C), and high temperatures reach or exceed 90 °F (32 °C) approximately 43 days out of the year; while 100 °F (38 °C) temperatures are not uncommon, they do not occur every year. Extremes in temperature have ranged from −12 °F (−24 °C) on January 19, 1940 up to 107 °F (42 °C) on August 6, 1918.[a]

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: Richmond

text: has

text: a

text: humid

text: subtropical

text: climate

text: Köppen

text: Cfa

text: with

text: hot

text: and

text: humid

text: summers

text: and

text: generally

text: cool

text: winters

text: The

text: mountains

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: act

text: as

text: a

text: partial

text: barrier

text: to

text: outbreaks

text: of

text: cold

text: continental

text: air

text: in

text: winter

text: Arctic

text: air

text: is

text: delayed

text: long

text: enough

text: to

text: be

text: modified

text: then

text: further

text: warmed

text: as

text: it

text: subsides

text: in

text: its

text: approach

text: to

text: Richmond

text: The

text: open

text: waters

text: of

text: the

text: Chesapeake

text: Bay

text: and

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: contribute

text: to

text: the

text: humid

text: summers

text: and

text: mild

text: winters

text: The

text: coldest

text: weather

text: normally

text: occurs

text: from

text: late

text: December

text: to

text: early

text: February

text: and

text: the

text: January

text: daily

text: mean

text: temperature

text: is

text: F

text: C

text: with

text: an

text: average

text: of

text: days

text: with

text: highs

text: at

text: or

text: below

text: the

text: freezing

text: mark

text: Downtown

text: areas

text: straddle

text: the

text: border

text: between

text: USDA

text: Hardiness

text: zones

text: and

text: and

text: temperatures

text: seldom

text: lower

text: to

text: F

text: C

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: recent

text: subzero

text: F

text: reading

text: occurring

text: on

text: January

text: when

text: the

text: temperature

text: reached

text: −1

text: F

text: C

text: The

text: July

text: daily

text: mean

text: temperature

text: is

text: F

text: C

text: and

text: high

text: temperatures

text: reach

text: or

text: exceed

text: F

text: C

text: approximately

text: days

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: while

text: F

text: C

text: temperatures

text: are

text: not

text: uncommon

text: they

text: do

text: not

text: occur

text: every

text: year

text: Extremes

text: in

text: temperature

text: have

text: ranged

text: from

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: January

text: up

text: to

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: August

question: What is Richmond's Köppen climate classification?

answer: Cfa

text: Cfa

question: How could one characterize the winters in Richmond?

answer: generally cool

text: generally cool

question: What geographic feature keeps some cold inland air from reaching Richmond?

answer: mountains

text: mountains

question: In what month of the year does Richmond's chilliest weather typically end?

answer: February

text: February

question: About how many days a year does the temperature in Richmond go above 32 degrees Celsius?

answer: 43


text: In June, 1998 Sammy Sosa exploded into the pursuit of Roger Maris' home run record. Sosa had 13 home runs entering the month, representing less than half of Mark McGwire's total. Sosa had his first of four multi-home run games that month on June 1, and went on to break Rudy York's record with 20 home runs in the month, a record that still stands. By the end of his historic month, the outfielder's 33 home runs tied him with Ken Griffey, Jr. and left him only four behind McGwire's 37. Sosa finished with 66 and won the NL MVP Award.

title: Chicago_Cubs

title: Chicago_Cubs

text: In

text: June

text: Sammy

text: Sosa

text: exploded

text: into

text: the

text: pursuit

text: of

text: Roger

text: Maris

text: home

text: run

text: record

text: Sosa

text: had

text: home

text: runs

text: entering

text: the

text: month

text: representing

text: less

text: than

text: half

text: of

text: Mark

text: McGwire

text: 's

text: total

text: Sosa

text: had

text: his

text: first

text: of

text: four

text: multi

text: home

text: run

text: games

text: that

text: month

text: on

text: June

text: and

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: break

text: Rudy

text: York

text: 's

text: record

text: with

text: home

text: runs

text: in

text: the

text: month

text: a

text: record

text: that

text: still

text: stands

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: his

text: historic

text: month

text: the

text: outfielder

text: 's

text: home

text: runs

text: tied

text: him

text: with

text: Ken

text: Griffey

text: Jr.

text: and

text: left

text: him

text: only

text: four

text: behind

text: McGwire

text: 's

text: Sosa

text: finished

text: with

text: and

text: won

text: the

text: NL

text: MVP

text: Award

question: When did Sammy Sosa explode into pursuit of Roger Maris' home run record?

answer: 1998

question: Who was in pursuit of Roger Maris' home run record?

answer: Sammy Sosa

text: Sammy Sosa

question: Sammy Sosa was in pursuit of beating whose home run record?

answer: Roger Maris

text: Roger Maris

question: What award did Sammy Sosa win?

answer: the NL MVP Award

text: the NL MVP Award


text: The day after the Pact was signed, the French and British military negotiation delegation urgently requested a meeting with Soviet military negotiator Kliment Voroshilov. On August 25, Voroshilov told them "[i]n view of the changed political situation, no useful purpose can be served in continuing the conversation." That day, Hitler told the British ambassador to Berlin that the pact with the Soviets prevented Germany from facing a two front war, changing the strategic situation from that in World War I, and that Britain should accept his demands regarding Poland.

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

text: The

text: day

text: after

text: the

text: Pact

text: was

text: signed

text: the

text: French

text: and

text: British

text: military

text: negotiation

text: delegation

text: urgently

text: requested

text: a

text: meeting

text: with

text: Soviet

text: military

text: negotiator

text: Kliment

text: Voroshilov

text: On

text: August

text: Voroshilov

text: told

text: them

text: i]n

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: changed

text: political

text: situation

text: no

text: useful

text: purpose

text: can

text: be

text: served

text: in

text: continuing

text: the

text: conversation

text: That

text: day

text: Hitler

text: told

text: the

text: British

text: ambassador

text: to

text: Berlin

text: that

text: the

text: pact

text: with

text: the

text: Soviets

text: prevented

text: Germany

text: from

text: facing

text: a

text: two

text: front

text: war

text: changing

text: the

text: strategic

text: situation

text: from

text: that

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: and

text: that

text: Britain

text: should

text: accept

text: his

text: demands

text: regarding

text: Poland

question: What was the response of  Kliment Voroshilov in regards to further conversations with Britain and France?

answer: no useful purpose

text: no useful purpose

question: Who should accept the annexation of Poland?

answer: Britain

text: Britain

question: By accepting the deal with the USSR, Hitler admitted that it prevented what?

answer: facing a two front war

text: facing a two front war

question: What was the response of Kliment Voroshilov in regards to no further conversations with Britain and France?

text: no useful purpose

question: What was the response of Kliment Voroshilov in regards to further conversations without Britain and France?

text: no useful purpose

question: Who shouldn't accept the annexation of Poland?

text: Britain

question: Who should deny the annexation of Poland?

text: Britain

question: By rejecting the deal with the USSR, Hitler admitted that it prevented what?

text: facing a two front war


text: According to Greek law, every Sunday of the year is a public holiday. In addition, there are four mandatory official public holidays: 25 March (Greek Independence Day), Easter Monday, 15 August (Assumption or Dormition of the Holy Virgin), and 25 December (Christmas). 1 May (Labour Day) and 28 October (Ohi Day) are regulated by law as being optional but it is customary for employees to be given the day off. There are, however, more public holidays celebrated in Greece than are announced by the Ministry of Labour each year as either obligatory or optional. The list of these non-fixed national holidays rarely changes and has not changed in recent decades, giving a total of eleven national holidays each year.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: According

text: to

text: Greek

text: law

text: every

text: Sunday

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: is

text: a

text: public

text: holiday

text: In

text: addition

text: there

text: are

text: four

text: mandatory

text: official

text: public

text: holidays

text: March

text: Greek

text: Independence

text: Day

text: Easter

text: Monday

text: August

text: Assumption

text: or

text: Dormition

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: Virgin

text: and

text: December

text: Christmas

text: May

text: Labour

text: Day

text: and

text: October

text: Ohi

text: Day

text: are

text: regulated

text: by

text: law

text: as

text: being

text: optional

text: but

text: it

text: is

text: customary

text: for

text: employees

text: to

text: be

text: given

text: the

text: day

text: off

text: There

text: are

text: however

text: more

text: public

text: holidays

text: celebrated

text: in

text: Greece

text: than

text: are

text: announced

text: by

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Labour

text: each

text: year

text: as

text: either

text: obligatory

text: or

text: optional

text: The

text: list

text: of

text: these

text: non

text: fixed

text: national

text: holidays

text: rarely

text: changes

text: and

text: has

text: not

text: changed

text: in

text: recent

text: decades

text: giving

text: a

text: total

text: of

text: eleven

text: national

text: holidays

text: each

text: year

question: Greek law says that every Sunday of the year is a what?

answer: holiday

text: holiday

question: How many official Greek mandatory public holidays are there?

answer: four

text: four

question: How many Greek national holidays are there each year?

answer: eleven

text: eleven

question: What is one of the holidays regulated by law as optional?

answer: Labour Day

text: Labour Day


text: With Eisenhower's leadership and Dulles' direction, CIA activities increased under the pretense of resisting the spread of communism in poorer countries; the CIA in part deposed the leaders of Iran in Operation Ajax, of Guatemala through Operation Pbsuccess, and possibly the newly independent Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville). In 1954 Eisenhower wanted to increase surveillance inside the Soviet Union. With Dulles' recommendation, he authorized the deployment of thirty Lockheed U-2's at a cost of $35 million. The Eisenhower administration also planned the Bay of Pigs Invasion to overthrow Fidel Castro in Cuba, which John F. Kennedy was left to carry out."

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: With

text: Eisenhower

text: 's

text: leadership

text: and

text: Dulles

text: direction

text: CIA

text: activities

text: increased

text: under

text: the

text: pretense

text: of

text: resisting

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: communism

text: in

text: poorer

text: countries

text: the

text: CIA

text: in

text: part

text: deposed

text: the

text: leaders

text: of

text: Iran

text: in

text: Operation

text: Ajax

text: of

text: Guatemala

text: through

text: Operation

text: Pbsuccess

text: and

text: possibly

text: the

text: newly

text: independent

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Congo

text: Léopoldville

text: In

text: Eisenhower

text: wanted

text: to

text: increase

text: surveillance

text: inside

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: With

text: Dulles

text: recommendation

text: he

text: authorized

text: the

text: deployment

text: of

text: thirty

text: Lockheed

text: 's

text: at

text: a

text: cost

text: of

text: million

text: The

text: Eisenhower

text: administration

text: also

text: planned

text: the

text: Bay

text: of

text: Pigs

text: Invasion

text: to

text: overthrow

text: Fidel

text: Castro

text: in

text: Cuba

text: which

text: John

text: F.

text: Kennedy

text: was

text: left

text: to

text: carry

text: out

question: Who was the director of the CIA?

answer: Dulles

text: Dulles

question: What was the code name of the overthrow of the Iranian government?

answer: Operation Ajax

text: Operation Ajax

question: What CIA operation toppled the Guatemalan government?

answer: Pbsuccess

text: Pbsuccess

question: What company made the U-2?

answer: Lockheed

text: Lockheed

question: Under what president did the Bay of Pigs Invasion take place?

answer: John F. Kennedy

text: John F. Kennedy


text: Though they have not had the level of exposure as other wrestlers, bears have long been a part of professional wrestling. Usually declawed and muzzled, they often wrestled shoot matches against audience members, offered a cash reward if they could pin the bear. They also wrestled professionals in worked, often battle royal or handicap, matches (usually booked so the bear won). Though they have wrestled around the world and continue to do so, wrestling bears enjoyed their greatest popularity in the Southern United States, during the 1960s and 1970s. The practice of bear wrestling has met strong opposition from animal rights activists in recent decades, contributing to its lack of mainstream acceptance. As of 2006, it is banned in 20 U.S. states. Perhaps the most famous wrestling bears are Ginger, Victor, Hercules and Terrible Ted.

title: Professional_wrestling

title: Professional_wrestling

text: Though

text: they

text: have

text: not

text: had

text: the

text: level

text: of

text: exposure

text: as

text: other

text: wrestlers

text: bears

text: have

text: long

text: been

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: professional

text: wrestling

text: Usually

text: declawed

text: and

text: muzzled

text: they

text: often

text: wrestled

text: shoot

text: matches

text: against

text: audience

text: members

text: offered

text: a

text: cash

text: reward

text: if

text: they

text: could

text: pin

text: the

text: bear

text: They

text: also

text: wrestled

text: professionals

text: in

text: worked

text: often

text: battle

text: royal

text: or

text: handicap

text: matches

text: usually

text: booked

text: so

text: the

text: bear

text: won

text: Though

text: they

text: have

text: wrestled

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: continue

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: wrestling

text: bears

text: enjoyed

text: their

text: greatest

text: popularity

text: in

text: the

text: Southern

text: United

text: States

text: during

text: the

text: and

text: The

text: practice

text: of

text: bear

text: wrestling

text: has

text: met

text: strong

text: opposition

text: from

text: animal

text: rights

text: activists

text: in

text: recent

text: decades

text: contributing

text: to

text: its

text: lack

text: of

text: mainstream

text: acceptance

text: As

text: of

text: it

text: is

text: banned

text: in

text: U.S.

text: states

text: Perhaps

text: the

text: most

text: famous

text: wrestling

text: bears

text: are

text: Ginger

text: Victor

text: Hercules

text: and

text: Terrible

text: Ted

question: Who are the most well-known wrestling bears?

answer: Ginger, Victor, Hercules and Terrible Ted

text: Ginger, Victor, Hercules and Terrible Ted

question: What animal has been a part of wrestling for a long time?

answer: bears

text: bears

question: What condition are bears usually brought in in?

answer: declawed and muzzled

text: declawed and muzzled

question: Who do the bears fight?

answer: audience members

text: audience members

question: How many states have banned bear wrestling as of 2006?

answer: 20


text: The strength of beers has climbed during the later years of the 20th century. Vetter 33, a 10.5% abv (33 degrees Plato, hence Vetter "33") doppelbock, was listed in the 1994 Guinness Book of World Records as the strongest beer at that time, though Samichlaus, by the Swiss brewer Hürlimann, had also been listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the strongest at 14% abv. Since then, some brewers have used champagne yeasts to increase the alcohol content of their beers. Samuel Adams reached 20% abv with Millennium, and then surpassed that amount to 25.6% abv with Utopias. The strongest beer brewed in Britain was Baz's Super Brew by Parish Brewery, a 23% abv beer. In September 2011, the Scottish brewery BrewDog produced Ghost Deer, which, at 28%, they claim to be the world's strongest beer produced by fermentation alone.

title: Beer

title: Beer

text: The

text: strength

text: of

text: beers

text: has

text: climbed

text: during

text: the

text: later

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Vetter

text: a

text: abv

text: degrees

text: Plato

text: hence

text: Vetter

text: doppelbock

text: was

text: listed

text: in

text: the

text: Guinness

text: Book

text: of

text: World

text: Records

text: as

text: the

text: strongest

text: beer

text: at

text: that

text: time

text: though

text: Samichlaus

text: by

text: the

text: Swiss

text: brewer

text: Hürlimann

text: had

text: also

text: been

text: listed

text: by

text: the

text: Guinness

text: Book

text: of

text: World

text: Records

text: as

text: the

text: strongest

text: at

text: abv

text: Since

text: then

text: some

text: brewers

text: have

text: used

text: champagne

text: yeasts

text: to

text: increase

text: the

text: alcohol

text: content

text: of

text: their

text: beers

text: Samuel

text: Adams

text: reached

text: abv

text: with

text: Millennium

text: and

text: then

text: surpassed

text: that

text: amount

text: to

text: abv

text: with

text: Utopias

text: The

text: strongest

text: beer

text: brewed

text: in

text: Britain

text: was

text: Baz

text: 's

text: Super

text: Brew

text: by

text: Parish

text: Brewery

text: a

text: abv

text: beer

text: In

text: September

text: the

text: Scottish

text: brewery

text: BrewDog

text: produced

text: Ghost

text: Deer

text: which

text: at

text: they

text: claim

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: strongest

text: beer

text: produced

text: by

text: fermentation

text: alone

question: How much alcohol is contained in the beer Vetter 33?

answer: 10.5%

question: What was the strongest beer in 1994 according to the Guinness Book of World Records?

answer: Vetter 33

text: Vetter 33

question: What brewing company produced the beer Millennium?

answer: Samuel Adams

text: Samuel Adams

question: What year did the brewing company BrewDog start producing a beer called Ghost Deer?

answer: 2011

question: What do brewing companies sometimes use to give more alcohol content to their beer?

answer: champagne yeasts

text: champagne yeasts

question: What beer has a 10.5% volume by alcohol?

text: Vetter 33

question: What was the strongest beer in the 1949 Guinness Book of World Records?

text: Vetter 33

question: What percentage abv did Adams Samuel first reach by using champagne yeasts?

question: What was the abv of Utopias that was brewed in Britain?

question: What was produced in September of 2001?

text: Ghost Deer


text: Richmond has a significant arts community, some of which is contained in formal public-supported venues, and some of which is more DIY, such as local privately owned galleries, and private music venues, nonprofit arts organizations, or organic and venueless arts movements (e.g., house shows, busking, itinerant folk shows). This has led to tensions, as the city Richmond City levied an "admissions tax" to fund large arts projects like CentreStage, leading to criticism that it is funding civic initiatives on the backs of the organic local culture. Traditional Virginian folk music, including blues, country, and bluegrass are also notably present, and play a large part in the annual Richmond Folk Festival. The following is a list of the more formal arts establishments (Companies, theaters, galleries, and other large venues) in Richmond:

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: Richmond

text: has

text: a

text: significant

text: arts

text: community

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: contained

text: in

text: formal

text: public

text: supported

text: venues

text: and

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: more

text: DIY

text: such

text: as

text: local

text: privately

text: owned

text: galleries

text: and

text: private

text: music

text: venues

text: nonprofit

text: arts

text: organizations

text: or

text: organic

text: and

text: venueless

text: arts

text: movements

text: e.g.

text: house

text: shows

text: busking

text: itinerant

text: folk

text: shows

text: This

text: has

text: led

text: to

text: tensions

text: as

text: the

text: city

text: Richmond

text: City

text: levied

text: an

text: admissions

text: tax

text: to

text: fund

text: large

text: arts

text: projects

text: like

text: CentreStage

text: leading

text: to

text: criticism

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: funding

text: civic

text: initiatives

text: on

text: the

text: backs

text: of

text: the

text: organic

text: local

text: culture

text: Traditional

text: Virginian

text: folk

text: music

text: including

text: blues

text: country

text: and

text: bluegrass

text: are

text: also

text: notably

text: present

text: and

text: play

text: a

text: large

text: part

text: in

text: the

text: annual

text: Richmond

text: Folk

text: Festival

text: The

text: following

text: is

text: a

text: list

text: of

text: the

text: more

text: formal

text: arts

text: establishments

text: Companies

text: theaters

text: galleries

text: and

text: other

text: large

text: venues

text: in

text: Richmond

question: What notable project was funded by Richmond's "admissions tax"?

answer: CentreStage

text: CentreStage

question: Along with blues and bluegrass, what is a type of folk music traditional to Virginia?

answer: country

text: country

question: Along with busking and itinerant folk shows, what is an example of venueless art?

answer: house shows

text: house shows


text: The United States launched three more Mercury flights after Glenn's: Aurora 7 on May 24, 1962 duplicated Glenn's three orbits; Sigma 7 on October 3, 1962, six orbits; and Faith 7 on May 15, 1963, 22 orbits (32.4 hours), the maximum capability of the spacecraft. NASA at first intended to launch one more mission, extending the spacecraft's endurance to three days, but since this would not beat the Soviet record, it was decided instead to concentrate on developing Project Gemini.

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: launched

text: three

text: more

text: Mercury

text: flights

text: after

text: Glenn

text: 's

text: Aurora

text: on

text: May

text: duplicated

text: Glenn

text: 's

text: three

text: orbits

text: Sigma

text: on

text: October

text: six

text: orbits

text: and

text: Faith

text: on

text: May

text: orbits

text: hours

text: the

text: maximum

text: capability

text: of

text: the

text: spacecraft

text: NASA

text: at

text: first

text: intended

text: to

text: launch

text: one

text: more

text: mission

text: extending

text: the

text: spacecraft

text: 's

text: endurance

text: to

text: three

text: days

text: but

text: since

text: this

text: would

text: not

text: beat

text: the

text: Soviet

text: record

text: it

text: was

text: decided

text: instead

text: to

text: concentrate

text: on

text: developing

text: Project

text: Gemini

question: How many more Mercury missions were there after John Glenn's?

answer: 3


text: The Appalachian Mountains are the coolest area of the state, with temperatures averaging in the low 40s and upper 30s °F (6–3 °C) for highs in the winter and falling into the low 20s °F (−5 °C) or lower on winter nights. Relatively cool summers have temperatures rarely rising above 80 °F (27 °C). Average snowfall in many areas exceeds 30 in (76 cm) per year, and can be heavy at the higher elevations; for example, during the Blizzard of 1993 more than 60 in (152 cm) of snow fell on Mount Mitchell over a period of three days. Mount Mitchell has received snow in every month of the year.

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: The

text: Appalachian

text: Mountains

text: are

text: the

text: coolest

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: with

text: temperatures

text: averaging

text: in

text: the

text: low

text: and

text: upper

text: F

text: C

text: for

text: highs

text: in

text: the

text: winter

text: and

text: falling

text: into

text: the

text: low

text: F

text: −5

text: C

text: or

text: lower

text: on

text: winter

text: nights

text: Relatively

text: cool

text: summers

text: have

text: temperatures

text: rarely

text: rising

text: above

text: F

text: C

text: Average

text: snowfall

text: in

text: many

text: areas

text: exceeds

text: in

text: cm

text: per

text: year

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: heavy

text: at

text: the

text: higher

text: elevations

text: for

text: example

text: during

text: the

text: Blizzard

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: in

text: cm

text: of

text: snow

text: fell

text: on

text: Mount

text: Mitchell

text: over

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: three

text: days

text: Mount

text: Mitchell

text: has

text: received

text: snow

text: in

text: every

text: month

text: of

text: the

text: year

question: What mountain range makes up the coolest part of North Carolina?

answer: The Appalachian Mountains

text: The Appalachian Mountains

question: What are the average high winter temperatures in the Appalachians?

answer: low 40s and upper 30s °F

text: low 40s and upper 30s °F

question: What are the low winter temperatures in the Appalachians?

answer: low 20s °F (−5 °C) or lower

text: low 20s °F (−5 °C) or lower

question: Temperatures rarely go higher than what temperature in the Appalachians?

answer: 80 °F

text: 80 °F

question: Average snowfall in the Appalachians can exceed how many inches?

answer: 30


text: Since the early 1950s on conventional carriers it has been the practice to recover aircraft at an angle to port of the axial line of the ship. The primary function of this angled deck is to allow aircraft that miss the arresting wires, referred to as a bolter, to become airborne again without the risk of hitting aircraft parked forward. The angled deck allows the installation of one or two "waist" catapults in addition to the two bow cats. An angled deck also improves launch and recovery cycle flexibility with the option of simultaneous launching and recovery of aircraft.

title: Aircraft_carrier

title: Aircraft_carrier

text: Since

text: the

text: early

text: on

text: conventional

text: carriers

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: practice

text: to

text: recover

text: aircraft

text: at

text: an

text: angle

text: to

text: port

text: of

text: the

text: axial

text: line

text: of

text: the

text: ship

text: The

text: primary

text: function

text: of

text: this

text: angled

text: deck

text: is

text: to

text: allow

text: aircraft

text: that

text: miss

text: the

text: arresting

text: wires

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: a

text: bolter

text: to

text: become

text: airborne

text: again

text: without

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: hitting

text: aircraft

text: parked

text: forward

text: The

text: angled

text: deck

text: allows

text: the

text: installation

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: two

text: waist

text: catapults

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: two

text: bow

text: cats

text: An

text: angled

text: deck

text: also

text: improves

text: launch

text: and

text: recovery

text: cycle

text: flexibility

text: with

text: the

text: option

text: of

text: simultaneous

text: launching

text: and

text: recovery

text: of

text: aircraft

question: When did conventional carriers start recovering aircraft at an angle to port of the axial line of the ship?

answer: early 1950s

text: early 1950s

question: What risk is avoided by aircraft by using an angled deck?

answer: hitting aircraft parked forward

text: hitting aircraft parked forward

question: How many "waist" catapults can be installed with an angled deck?

answer: one or two

text: one or two

question: How man bow cats can be installed with an angled deck?

answer: two

text: two

question: What aircraft design feature improves launch and recovery cycle flexibilty?

answer: An angled deck

text: An angled deck

question: When did conventional carriers stop recovering aircraft at an angle to port of the axial line of the ship?

text: early 1950s

question: What risk is added by aircraft by using an angled deck?

text: hitting aircraft parked forward

question: How many "waste" catapults can be installed with an angled deck?

text: one or two

question: How man bow dogs can be installed with an angled deck?

text: two

question: What aircraft design feature improves launch and recovery cycle rigidity?

text: angled deck