text: Following his ascension to power, Gaddafi moved into the Bab al-Azizia barracks, a six-mile long fortified compound located two miles from the center of Tripoli. His home and office at Azizia was a bunker designed by West German engineers, while the rest of his family lived in a large two-story building. Within the compound were also two tennis courts, a soccer field, several gardens, camels, and a Bedouin tent in which he entertained guests. In the 1980s, his lifestyle was considered modest in comparison to those of many other Arab leaders. Gaddafi allegedly worked for years with Swiss banks to launder international banking transactions. In November 2011, The Sunday Times identified property worth £1 billion in the UK that Gaddafi allegedly owned. Gaddafi had an Airbus A340 private jet, which he bought from Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal of Saudi Arabia for $120 million in 2003. Operated by Tripoli-based Afriqiyah Airways and decorated externally in their colours, it had various luxuries including a jacuzzi.

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: Following

text: his

text: ascension

text: to

text: power

text: Gaddafi

text: moved

text: into

text: the

text: Bab

text: al

text: Azizia

text: barracks

text: a

text: six

text: mile

text: long

text: fortified

text: compound

text: located

text: two

text: miles

text: from

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: Tripoli

text: His

text: home

text: and

text: office

text: at

text: Azizia

text: was

text: a

text: bunker

text: designed

text: by

text: West

text: German

text: engineers

text: while

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: his

text: family

text: lived

text: in

text: a

text: large

text: two

text: story

text: building

text: Within

text: the

text: compound

text: were

text: also

text: two

text: tennis

text: courts

text: a

text: soccer

text: field

text: several

text: gardens

text: camels

text: and

text: a

text: Bedouin

text: tent

text: in

text: which

text: he

text: entertained

text: guests

text: In

text: the

text: his

text: lifestyle

text: was

text: considered

text: modest

text: in

text: comparison

text: to

text: those

text: of

text: many

text: other

text: Arab

text: leaders

text: Gaddafi

text: allegedly

text: worked

text: for

text: years

text: with

text: Swiss

text: banks

text: to

text: launder

text: international

text: banking

text: transactions

text: In

text: November

text: The

text: Sunday

text: Times

text: identified

text: property

text: worth

text: billion

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: that

text: Gaddafi

text: allegedly

text: owned

text: Gaddafi

text: had

text: an

text: Airbus

text: private

text: jet

text: which

text: he

text: bought

text: from

text: Prince

text: Al

text: Waleed

text: bin

text: Talal

text: of

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: for

text: million

text: in

text: Operated

text: by

text: Tripoli

text: based

text: Afriqiyah

text: Airways

text: and

text: decorated

text: externally

text: in

text: their

text: colours

text: it

text: had

text: various

text: luxuries

text: including

text: a

text: jacuzzi

question: How far is the Bab al-Azizia barracks from Tripoli?

answer: two miles

text: two miles

question: Who designed Gaddafi's Azizia home?

answer: West German engineers

text: West German engineers

question: How many tennis courts existed in Gaddafi's compound?

answer: two

text: two

question: What was the value of Gaddafi's supposed British property holdings as of November 2011?

answer: £1 billion

text: £1 billion

question: How much did Gaddafi pay for his Airbus A340?

answer: $120 million

text: $120 million


text: In 1822, the American Colonization Society began sending African-American volunteers to the Pepper Coast to establish a colony for freed African Americans. By 1867, the ACS (and state-related chapters) had assisted in the migration of more than 13,000 African Americans to Liberia. These free African Americans and their descendants married within their community and came to identify as Americo-Liberians. Many were of mixed race and educated in American culture; they did not identify with the indigenous natives of the tribes they encountered. They intermarried largely within the colonial community, developing an ethnic group that had a cultural tradition infused with American notions of political republicanism and Protestant Christianity.

title: Liberia

title: Liberia

text: In

text: the

text: American

text: Colonization

text: Society

text: began

text: sending

text: African

text: American

text: volunteers

text: to

text: the

text: Pepper

text: Coast

text: to

text: establish

text: a

text: colony

text: for

text: freed

text: African

text: Americans

text: By

text: the

text: ACS

text: and

text: state

text: related

text: chapters

text: had

text: assisted

text: in

text: the

text: migration

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: African

text: Americans

text: to

text: Liberia

text: These

text: free

text: African

text: Americans

text: and

text: their

text: descendants

text: married

text: within

text: their

text: community

text: and

text: came

text: to

text: identify

text: as

text: Americo

text: Liberians

text: Many

text: were

text: of

text: mixed

text: race

text: and

text: educated

text: in

text: American

text: culture

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: identify

text: with

text: the

text: indigenous

text: natives

text: of

text: the

text: tribes

text: they

text: encountered

text: They

text: intermarried

text: largely

text: within

text: the

text: colonial

text: community

text: developing

text: an

text: ethnic

text: group

text: that

text: had

text: a

text: cultural

text: tradition

text: infused

text: with

text: American

text: notions

text: of

text: political

text: republicanism

text: and

text: Protestant

text: Christianity

question: African  Americans were sent to the pepper coast to do what?

answer: establish a colony for freed African Americans.

text: establish a colony for freed African Americans.

question: By 1837 the ACS had assisted in moving how many african americans to liberia?

answer: 13,000

question: What did African Americans who were moved to Liberia identify as?

answer: Americo-Liberians

text: Americo-Liberians

question: Who did Americo-Liberians not identify with?

answer: indigenous natives of the tribes they encountered

text: indigenous natives of the tribes they encountered

question: What did African Americans moved to Liberia keep from America?

answer: cultural tradition

text: cultural tradition

question: In what year did volunteers leave the Pepper Coast?

question: What organization was formed by Americo-Liberians?

text: the American Colonization Society

question: How many African Americans migrated to Liberia in 1867?

question: What did African Americans moved to Liberia keep secret from the ACS?

text: cultural tradition

question: What were natives of the Pepper Coast called?

text: Americo-Liberians


text: As a result, in 1979, Sony and Philips set up a joint task force of engineers to design a new digital audio disc. Led by engineers Kees Schouhamer Immink and Toshitada Doi, the research pushed forward laser and optical disc technology. After a year of experimentation and discussion, the task force produced the Red Book CD-DA standard. First published in 1980, the standard was formally adopted by the IEC as an international standard in 1987, with various amendments becoming part of the standard in 1996.

title: Compact_disc

title: Compact_disc

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: in

text: Sony

text: and

text: Philips

text: set

text: up

text: a

text: joint

text: task

text: force

text: of

text: engineers

text: to

text: design

text: a

text: new

text: digital

text: audio

text: disc

text: Led

text: by

text: engineers

text: Kees

text: Schouhamer

text: Immink

text: and

text: Toshitada

text: Doi

text: the

text: research

text: pushed

text: forward

text: laser

text: and

text: optical

text: disc

text: technology

text: After

text: a

text: year

text: of

text: experimentation

text: and

text: discussion

text: the

text: task

text: force

text: produced

text: the

text: Red

text: Book

text: CD

text: DA

text: standard

text: First

text: published

text: in

text: the

text: standard

text: was

text: formally

text: adopted

text: by

text: the

text: IEC

text: as

text: an

text: international

text: standard

text: in

text: with

text: various

text: amendments

text: becoming

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: standard

text: in

question: In what year did Sony and Philips band together to design a new digital audio disc?

answer: 1979

question: What year was the Red Book CD-DA standard released?

answer: 1980

question: When did the IEC isntigate the Red Book CD-DA as an international standard?

answer: 1987

question: Who headed the 1979 Sony and Philips digital audio disc task force?

answer: Kees Schouhamer Immink and Toshitada Doi

text: Kees Schouhamer Immink and Toshitada Doi

question: Which company did Kees Schouhamer Immink work for?

text: Sony

question: What did the team create five years after joining?

text: Red Book CD-DA standard

question: What does IEC stand for?

text: international standard

question: Who wrote the amendments in 1996?

text: IEC

question: What did CD-DA stand for?

text: laser and optical disc technology


text: The first recorded European excursions into what is now called Tennessee were three expeditions led by Spanish explorers, namely Hernando de Soto in 1540, Tristan de Luna in 1559, and Juan Pardo in 1567. Pardo recorded the name "Tanasqui" from a local Indian village, which evolved to the state's current name. At that time, Tennessee was inhabited by tribes of Muscogee and Yuchi people. Possibly because of European diseases devastating the Indian tribes, which would have left a population vacuum, and also from expanding European settlement in the north, the Cherokee moved south from the area now called Virginia. As European colonists spread into the area, the Indian populations were forcibly displaced to the south and west, including all Muscogee and Yuchi peoples, the Chickasaw and Choctaw, and ultimately, the Cherokee in 1838.

title: Tennessee

title: Tennessee

text: The

text: first

text: recorded

text: European

text: excursions

text: into

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: called

text: Tennessee

text: were

text: three

text: expeditions

text: led

text: by

text: Spanish

text: explorers

text: namely

text: Hernando

text: de

text: Soto

text: in

text: Tristan

text: de

text: Luna

text: in

text: and

text: Juan

text: Pardo

text: in

text: Pardo

text: recorded

text: the

text: name

text: Tanasqui

text: from

text: a

text: local

text: Indian

text: village

text: which

text: evolved

text: to

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: current

text: name

text: At

text: that

text: time

text: Tennessee

text: was

text: inhabited

text: by

text: tribes

text: of

text: Muscogee

text: and

text: Yuchi

text: people

text: Possibly

text: because

text: of

text: European

text: diseases

text: devastating

text: the

text: Indian

text: tribes

text: which

text: would

text: have

text: left

text: a

text: population

text: vacuum

text: and

text: also

text: from

text: expanding

text: European

text: settlement

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Cherokee

text: moved

text: south

text: from

text: the

text: area

text: now

text: called

text: Virginia

text: As

text: European

text: colonists

text: spread

text: into

text: the

text: area

text: the

text: Indian

text: populations

text: were

text: forcibly

text: displaced

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: and

text: west

text: including

text: all

text: Muscogee

text: and

text: Yuchi

text: peoples

text: the

text: Chickasaw

text: and

text: Choctaw

text: and

text: ultimately

text: the

text: Cherokee

text: in

question: Which European nationality first explored the Tennessee region?

answer: Spanish

text: Spanish

question: Which year did Hernando de Soto explore Tennessee?

answer: 1540

question: Which Native American peoples were living in Tennessee when Juan Pardo explored the area?

answer: Muscogee and Yuchi

text: Muscogee and Yuchi

question: Which Native American people left Tennessee for the Virginia area because of encroaching Europeans?

answer: Cherokee

text: Cherokee

question: By which year had most of the Native Americans been forced out of the Tennessee region?

answer: 1838


text: In Paris' Roman era, its main cemetery was located to the outskirts of the Left Bank settlement, but this changed with the rise of Catholicism, where most every inner-city church had adjoining burial grounds for use by their parishes. With Paris' growth many of these, particularly the city's largest cemetery, les Innocents, were filled to overflowing, creating quite unsanitary conditions for the capital. When inner-city burials were condemned from 1786, the contents of all Paris' parish cemeteries were transferred to a renovated section of Paris' stone mines outside the "Porte d'Enfer" city gate, today place Denfert-Rochereau in the 14th arrondissement. The process of moving bones from Cimetière des Innocents to the catacombs took place between 1786 and 1814; part of the network of tunnels and remains can be visited today on the official tour of the catacombs.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: In

text: Paris

text: Roman

text: era

text: its

text: main

text: cemetery

text: was

text: located

text: to

text: the

text: outskirts

text: of

text: the

text: Left

text: Bank

text: settlement

text: but

text: this

text: changed

text: with

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: Catholicism

text: where

text: most

text: every

text: inner

text: city

text: church

text: had

text: adjoining

text: burial

text: grounds

text: for

text: use

text: by

text: their

text: parishes

text: With

text: Paris

text: growth

text: many

text: of

text: these

text: particularly

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: largest

text: cemetery

text: les

text: Innocents

text: were

text: filled

text: to

text: overflowing

text: creating

text: quite

text: unsanitary

text: conditions

text: for

text: the

text: capital

text: When

text: inner

text: city

text: burials

text: were

text: condemned

text: from

text: the

text: contents

text: of

text: all

text: Paris

text: parish

text: cemeteries

text: were

text: transferred

text: to

text: a

text: renovated

text: section

text: of

text: Paris

text: stone

text: mines

text: outside

text: the

text: Porte

text: d'Enfer

text: city

text: gate

text: today

text: place

text: Denfert

text: Rochereau

text: in

text: the

text: arrondissement

text: The

text: process

text: of

text: moving

text: bones

text: from

text: Cimetière

text: des

text: Innocents

text: to

text: the

text: catacombs

text: took

text: place

text: between

text: and

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: network

text: of

text: tunnels

text: and

text: remains

text: can

text: be

text: visited

text: today

text: on

text: the

text: official

text: tour

text: of

text: the

text: catacombs

question: What is Paris' largest cemetary?

answer: les Innocents

text: les Innocents

question: When were inner city burials banned?

answer: 1786

question: During what years were the bones moved from Cimetiere des Innocents to the catacombs?

answer: 1786 and 1814

text: 1786 and 1814

question: Where can view the network of tunnels to the catacombs?

answer: the official tour of the catacombs

text: the official tour of the catacombs


text: Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul were mostly limited to the Mediterranean coast of Provence. The first Greek colony in the region was Massalia, which became one of the largest trading ports of Mediterranean by the 4th century BCE with 6,000 inhabitants. Massalia was also the local hegemon, controlling various coastal Greek cities like Nice and Agde. The coins minted in Massalia have been found in all parts of Ligurian-Celtic Gaul. Celtic coinage was influenced by Greek designs, and Greek letters can be found on various Celtic coins, especially those of Southern France. Traders from Massalia ventured inland deep into France on the Rivers Durance and Rhône, and established overland trade routes deep into Gaul, and to Switzerland and Burgundy. The Hellenistic period saw the Greek alphabet spread into southern Gaul from Massalia (3rd and 2nd centuries BCE) and according to Strabo, Massalia was also a center of education, where Celts went to learn Greek. A staunch ally of Rome, Massalia retained its independence until it sided with Pompey in 49 BCE and was then taken by Caesar's forces.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: Greeks

text: in

text: pre

text: Roman

text: Gaul

text: were

text: mostly

text: limited

text: to

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: coast

text: of

text: Provence

text: The

text: first

text: Greek

text: colony

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: was

text: Massalia

text: which

text: became

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: trading

text: ports

text: of

text: Mediterranean

text: by

text: the

text: century

text: BCE

text: with

text: inhabitants

text: Massalia

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: local

text: hegemon

text: controlling

text: various

text: coastal

text: Greek

text: cities

text: like

text: Nice

text: and

text: Agde

text: The

text: coins

text: minted

text: in

text: Massalia

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: in

text: all

text: parts

text: of

text: Ligurian

text: Celtic

text: Gaul

text: Celtic

text: coinage

text: was

text: influenced

text: by

text: Greek

text: designs

text: and

text: Greek

text: letters

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: on

text: various

text: Celtic

text: coins

text: especially

text: those

text: of

text: Southern

text: France

text: Traders

text: from

text: Massalia

text: ventured

text: inland

text: deep

text: into

text: France

text: on

text: the

text: Rivers

text: Durance

text: and

text: Rhône

text: and

text: established

text: overland

text: trade

text: routes

text: deep

text: into

text: Gaul

text: and

text: to

text: Switzerland

text: and

text: Burgundy

text: The

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: saw

text: the

text: Greek

text: alphabet

text: spread

text: into

text: southern

text: Gaul

text: from

text: Massalia

text: and

text: centuries

text: BCE

text: and

text: according

text: to

text: Strabo

text: Massalia

text: was

text: also

text: a

text: center

text: of

text: education

text: where

text: Celts

text: went

text: to

text: learn

text: Greek

text: A

text: staunch

text: ally

text: of

text: Rome

text: Massalia

text: retained

text: its

text: independence

text: until

text: it

text: sided

text: with

text: Pompey

text: in

text: BCE

text: and

text: was

text: then

text: taken

text: by

text: Caesar

text: 's

text: forces

question: What was the first Greek colony in the Mediterranean?

answer: Massalia

text: Massalia

question: How many inhabitants were in Massalia?

answer: 6,000

question: Who controlled Nice and Agde?

answer: Massalia

text: Massalia

question: Massalia was the center of education according to whom?

answer: Strabo

text: Strabo

question: When did Massalia side with Pompey?

answer: 49 BCE

text: 49 BCE


text: In August, the couple attended the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards, at which Beyoncé performed "Love on Top" and started the performance saying "Tonight I want you to stand up on your feet, I want you to feel the love that's growing inside of me". At the end of the performance, she dropped her microphone, unbuttoned her blazer and rubbed her stomach, confirming her pregnancy she had alluded to earlier in the evening. Her appearance helped that year's MTV Video Music Awards become the most-watched broadcast in MTV history, pulling in 12.4 million viewers; the announcement was listed in Guinness World Records for "most tweets per second recorded for a single event" on Twitter, receiving 8,868 tweets per second and "Beyonce pregnant" was the most Googled term the week of August 29, 2011.

title: Beyoncé

title: Beyoncé

text: In

text: August

text: the

text: couple

text: attended

text: the

text: MTV

text: Video

text: Music

text: Awards

text: at

text: which

text: Beyoncé

text: performed

text: Love

text: on

text: Top

text: and

text: started

text: the

text: performance

text: saying

text: Tonight

text: I

text: want

text: you

text: to

text: stand

text: up

text: on

text: your

text: feet

text: I

text: want

text: you

text: to

text: feel

text: the

text: love

text: that

text: 's

text: growing

text: inside

text: of

text: me

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: performance

text: she

text: dropped

text: her

text: microphone

text: unbuttoned

text: her

text: blazer

text: and

text: rubbed

text: her

text: stomach

text: confirming

text: her

text: pregnancy

text: she

text: had

text: alluded

text: to

text: earlier

text: in

text: the

text: evening

text: Her

text: appearance

text: helped

text: that

text: year

text: 's

text: MTV

text: Video

text: Music

text: Awards

text: become

text: the

text: most

text: watched

text: broadcast

text: in

text: MTV

text: history

text: pulling

text: in

text: million

text: viewers

text: the

text: announcement

text: was

text: listed

text: in

text: Guinness

text: World

text: Records

text: for

text: most

text: tweets

text: per

text: second

text: recorded

text: for

text: a

text: single

text: event

text: on

text: Twitter

text: receiving

text: tweets

text: per

text: second

text: and

text: Beyonce

text: pregnant

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: Googled

text: term

text: the

text: week

text: of

text: August

question: Jay Z and Beyonce attended which event together in August of 2011?

answer: MTV Video Music Awards

text: MTV Video Music Awards

question: Beyonce confirmed what after performing one of her songs?

answer: her pregnancy

text: her pregnancy

question: How many people watched the 2011 MTV Music Awards?

answer: 12.4 million

text: 12.4 million

question: Where did she announce her pregnancy?

answer: 2011 MTV Video Music Awards

text: 2011 MTV Video Music Awards

question: Why was the broadcast the most-watched in history?

answer: Her appearance

text: Her appearance

question: What even was recorded in the Guinness World Records?

answer: most tweets per second

text: most tweets per second

question: What was the most searched term in week of Aug 29, 2011?

answer: Beyonce pregnant

text: Beyonce pregnant

question: What song did she perform at the MTV Awards?

answer: Love on Top

text: Love on Top

question: Where did Beyoncé announce her pregnancy?

answer: 2011 MTV Video Music Awards

text: 2011 MTV Video Music Awards

question: What song did Beyoncé sing prior to announcing her pregnancy?

answer: Love on Top

text: Love on Top

question: How many people watched the 2011 MTV Video Music Awards?

answer: 12.4 million

text: 12.4 million

question: What was the most searched term on Google for the week of August 29, 2011?

answer: Beyonce pregnant

text: Beyonce pregnant


text: Icelandic and Faroese have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]; some scholars interpret these as consonant clusters as well. In Icelandic, preaspirated stops contrast with double stops and single stops:

title: Aspirated_consonant

title: Aspirated_consonant

text: Icelandic

text: and

text: Faroese

text: have

text: preaspirated

text: ʰp

text: ʰt

text: ʰk

text: some

text: scholars

text: interpret

text: these

text: as

text: consonant

text: clusters

text: as

text: well

text: In

text: Icelandic

text: preaspirated

text: stops

text: contrast

text: with

text: double

text: stops

text: and

text: single

text: stops

question: What two languages mentioned have have preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk]?

answer: Icelandic and Faroese

text: Icelandic and Faroese

question: What do scholars say the preaspirated [ʰp ʰt ʰk] are too?

answer: consonant clusters

text: consonant clusters

question: What do preaspirated stops contrast with in Icelandic?

answer: double stops and single stops

text: double stops and single stops

question: What stops contrast with triple and single stops?

text: preaspirated

question: Icelandic and English have preaspirated what?

text: [ʰp ʰt ʰk]

question: Aspirated stops contrast with what?

text: double stops and single stops

question: In Faroese, preaspirated stops contrast with what?

text: double stops and single stops

question: Symbol clusters exists in which two languages?

text: Icelandic and Faroese


text: If conditions change, so that the pope judges it safe to make the appointment public, he may do so at any time. The cardinal in question then ranks in precedence with those raised to the cardinalate at the time of his in pectore appointment. If a pope dies before revealing the identity of an in pectore cardinal, the cardinalate expires.

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism)

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism

text: If

text: conditions

text: change

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: pope

text: judges

text: it

text: safe

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: appointment

text: public

text: he

text: may

text: do

text: so

text: at

text: any

text: time

text: The

text: cardinal

text: in

text: question

text: then

text: ranks

text: in

text: precedence

text: with

text: those

text: raised

text: to

text: the

text: cardinalate

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: his

text: in

text: pectore

text: appointment

text: If

text: a

text: pope

text: dies

text: before

text: revealing

text: the

text: identity

text: of

text: an

text: in

text: pectore

text: cardinal

text: the

text: cardinalate

text: expires

question: What happens if a Cardinal is named in pectore, and the pope dies?

answer: the cardinalate expires

text: the cardinalate expires

question: What does the Pope do if conditions do not change?

question: What happens if a Cardinal is named in pectore and the president dies?

text: the cardinalate expires.

question: Whose identity is not revealed if the pope dies?

text: in pectore

question: Who ranks secondary to those raised in the cardinalate at the time of his appointment?

text: in pectore


text: Breeding usually involves some form of courtship display, typically performed by the male. Most displays are rather simple and involve some type of song. Some displays, however, are quite elaborate. Depending on the species, these may include wing or tail drumming, dancing, aerial flights, or communal lekking. Females are generally the ones that drive partner selection, although in the polyandrous phalaropes, this is reversed: plainer males choose brightly coloured females. Courtship feeding, billing and allopreening are commonly performed between partners, generally after the birds have paired and mated.

title: Bird

title: Bird

text: Breeding

text: usually

text: involves

text: some

text: form

text: of

text: courtship

text: display

text: typically

text: performed

text: by

text: the

text: male

text: Most

text: displays

text: are

text: rather

text: simple

text: and

text: involve

text: some

text: type

text: of

text: song

text: Some

text: displays

text: however

text: are

text: quite

text: elaborate

text: Depending

text: on

text: the

text: species

text: these

text: may

text: include

text: wing

text: or

text: tail

text: drumming

text: dancing

text: aerial

text: flights

text: or

text: communal

text: lekking

text: Females

text: are

text: generally

text: the

text: ones

text: that

text: drive

text: partner

text: selection

text: although

text: in

text: the

text: polyandrous

text: phalaropes

text: this

text: is

text: reversed

text: plainer

text: males

text: choose

text: brightly

text: coloured

text: females

text: Courtship

text: feeding

text: billing

text: and

text: allopreening

text: are

text: commonly

text: performed

text: between

text: partners

text: generally

text: after

text: the

text: birds

text: have

text: paired

text: and

text: mated

question: Which gender typically performs some form of courtship display?

answer: male

text: male

question: Most courtship displays involve some type of what?

answer: song

text: song

question: Which gender generally drive partner selection?:

answer: Females

text: Females

question: Generally, when is courtship feeding and billing performed between partners?

answer: after the birds have paired and mated

text: after the birds have paired and mated


text: Marshall's words and future court decisions gave Congress much latitude in delegating powers. It was not until the 1930s that the Supreme Court held a delegation of authority unconstitutional. In a case involving the creation of the National Recovery Administration called A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, 295 U.S. 495 (1935), Congress could not authorize the president to formulate codes of "fair competition." It was held that Congress must set some standards governing the actions of executive officers. The Court, however, has deemed that phrases such as "just and reasonable," "public interest" and "public convenience" suffice.

title: Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution

text: Marshall

text: 's

text: words

text: and

text: future

text: court

text: decisions

text: gave

text: Congress

text: much

text: latitude

text: in

text: delegating

text: powers

text: It

text: was

text: not

text: until

text: the

text: that

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: held

text: a

text: delegation

text: of

text: authority

text: unconstitutional

text: In

text: a

text: case

text: involving

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Recovery

text: Administration

text: called

text: A.L.A.

text: Schechter

text: Poultry

text: Corp.

text: v.

text: United

text: States

text: U.S.

text: Congress

text: could

text: not

text: authorize

text: the

text: president

text: to

text: formulate

text: codes

text: of

text: fair

text: competition

text: It

text: was

text: held

text: that

text: Congress

text: must

text: set

text: some

text: standards

text: governing

text: the

text: actions

text: of

text: executive

text: officers

text: The

text: Court

text: however

text: has

text: deemed

text: that

text: phrases

text: such

text: as

text: just

text: and

text: reasonable

text: public

text: interest

text: and

text: public

text: convenience

text: suffice

question: When was the first time that a Congressional attempt at delegating lawmaking responsibility was found to be in violation of the Constitution?

answer: the 1930s

text: the 1930s

question: The establishment of what body was the subject of A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States?

answer: National Recovery Administration

text: National Recovery Administration

question: In what year was A.L.A. Schechter v. United States tried before the Supreme Court?

answer: 1935

question: In what year did the supreme court determine that delegating powers by congress was unconstitutional?

answer: 1935

question: What was the supreme court case that was determined that congress could not allow the President to determine fair competition?

answer: Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States

text: Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States

question: What gave Congress less latitude in delegating powers?

text: Marshall's words and future

question: During which decade did the Supreme Court hold a delegation of authority as constitutional?

question: When did Congress make the decision that a delegation of authority is unconstitutional?

question: In which case was Congress able to authorize the president to formulate codes?

question: During which year did Congress authorize the presidential formulation of fair competition codes?


text: The Berbers along the Barbary Coast (modern day Libya) sent pirates to capture merchant ships and hold the crews for ransom. The U.S. paid protection money until 1801, when President Thomas Jefferson refused to pay and sent in the Navy to challenge the Barbary States, the First Barbary War followed. After the U.S.S. Philadelphia was captured in 1803, Lieutenant Stephen Decatur led a raid which successfully burned the captured ship, preventing Tripoli from using or selling it. In 1805, after William Eaton captured the city of Derna, Tripoli agreed to a peace treaty. The other Barbary states continued to raid U.S. shipping, until the Second Barbary War in 1815 ended the practice.

title: Military_history_of_the_United_States

title: Military_history_of_the_United_States

text: The

text: Berbers

text: along

text: the

text: Barbary

text: Coast

text: modern

text: day

text: Libya

text: sent

text: pirates

text: to

text: capture

text: merchant

text: ships

text: and

text: hold

text: the

text: crews

text: for

text: ransom

text: The

text: U.S.

text: paid

text: protection

text: money

text: until

text: when

text: President

text: Thomas

text: Jefferson

text: refused

text: to

text: pay

text: and

text: sent

text: in

text: the

text: Navy

text: to

text: challenge

text: the

text: Barbary

text: States

text: the

text: First

text: Barbary

text: War

text: followed

text: After

text: the

text: U.S.S.

text: Philadelphia

text: was

text: captured

text: in

text: Lieutenant

text: Stephen

text: Decatur

text: led

text: a

text: raid

text: which

text: successfully

text: burned

text: the

text: captured

text: ship

text: preventing

text: Tripoli

text: from

text: using

text: or

text: selling

text: it

text: In

text: after

text: William

text: Eaton

text: captured

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Derna

text: Tripoli

text: agreed

text: to

text: a

text: peace

text: treaty

text: The

text: other

text: Barbary

text: states

text: continued

text: to

text: raid

text: U.S.

text: shipping

text: until

text: the

text: Second

text: Barbary

text: War

text: in

text: ended

text: the

text: practice

question: Where was the Barbary Coast?

answer: modern day Libya

text: modern day Libya

question: Who sent pirates to capture merchant ships?

answer: The Berbers

text: The Berbers

question: How did the United States initially deal with this problem?

answer: The U.S. paid protection money until 1801

text: The U.S. paid protection money until 1801

question: What American naval officer led a raid that destroyed a captured American ship?

answer: Stephen Decatur

text: Stephen Decatur

question: What city did William Eaton capture to end the first Barbary War?

answer: Derna

text: Derna

question: Where was the Burrberry Coast?

text: modern day Libya

question: Who sent pirates to befriend merchant ships?

text: The Berbers

question: How did the UK initially deal with this problem?

text: paid protection money until 1801

question: What African naval officer led a raid that destroyed a captured African ship?

text: Stephen Decatur

question: What city did William Eaton befriend to end the first Barbary War?

text: Derna


text: Grazing organisms may also kill their prey species, but this is seldom the case. While some herbivores like zooplankton live on unicellular phytoplankton and therefore, by the individualized nature of the organism, kill their prey, many only eat a small part of the plant. Grazing livestock may pull some grass out at the roots, but most is simply grazed upon, allowing the plant to regrow once again. Kelp is frequently grazed in subtidal kelp forests, but regrows at the base of the blade continuously to cope with browsing pressure. Animals may also be 'grazed' upon; female mosquitos land on hosts briefly to gain sufficient proteins for the development of their offspring. Starfish may be grazed on, being capable of regenerating lost arms.

title: Predation

title: Predation

text: Grazing

text: organisms

text: may

text: also

text: kill

text: their

text: prey

text: species

text: but

text: this

text: is

text: seldom

text: the

text: case

text: While

text: some

text: herbivores

text: like

text: zooplankton

text: live

text: on

text: unicellular

text: phytoplankton

text: and

text: therefore

text: by

text: the

text: individualized

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: organism

text: kill

text: their

text: prey

text: many

text: only

text: eat

text: a

text: small

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: plant

text: Grazing

text: livestock

text: may

text: pull

text: some

text: grass

text: out

text: at

text: the

text: roots

text: but

text: most

text: is

text: simply

text: grazed

text: upon

text: allowing

text: the

text: plant

text: to

text: regrow

text: once

text: again

text: Kelp

text: is

text: frequently

text: grazed

text: in

text: subtidal

text: kelp

text: forests

text: but

text: regrows

text: at

text: the

text: base

text: of

text: the

text: blade

text: continuously

text: to

text: cope

text: with

text: browsing

text: pressure

text: Animals

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: grazed

text: upon

text: female

text: mosquitos

text: land

text: on

text: hosts

text: briefly

text: to

text: gain

text: sufficient

text: proteins

text: for

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: their

text: offspring

text: Starfish

text: may

text: be

text: grazed

text: on

text: being

text: capable

text: of

text: regenerating

text: lost

text: arms

question: Animals that consume parts of their prey are considered to be

answer: Grazing organisms

text: Grazing organisms

question: Prey that can regrow leaves or arms have learned to deal with what?

answer: browsing pressure

text: browsing pressure

question: Give an example of an animal that feeds off of other animals for reproduction?

answer: mosquitos

text: mosquitos

question: Give an example of a predator that specializes in eating autotrophic species

answer: zooplankton

text: zooplankton

question: What is an organism that grazes upon other animals?

answer: female mosquitos

text: female mosquitos

question: What is an organism that can regrow lost arms?

answer: Starfish

text: Starfish

question: Do grazing organisms often kill their prey?

answer: seldom

text: seldom

question: How do grass and kelp deal with being grazed upon?

answer: regrows at the base

text: regrows at the base

question: What organism can kill their prey by biting?

text: mosquitos

question: What does zooplankton gain for its offspring by attaching to a host?

text: sufficient proteins

question: What does zooplankton need to get enough protein to help the development of?

text: their offspring

question: How much of a starfish does phytoplnakton eat when it attaches to it?

text: a small part

question: What does zooplankton have to cope with when eaten by starfish?

text: browsing pressure


text: Panama's first department stores such as Bazaar Francés, La Dalia and La Villa de Paris started as textile retailers at the turn of the nineteenth century. Later on in the twentieth century these eventually gave way to stores such as Felix B. Maduro, Sarah Panamá, Figali, Danté, Sears, Gran Morrison and smaller ones such as Bon Bini, Cocos, El Lider, Piccolo and Clubman among others. Of these only Felix B. Maduro (usually referred to as Felix by locals) and Danté remain strong. All the others have either folded or declined although Cocos has managed to secure a good position in the market.

title: Department_store

title: Department_store

text: Panama

text: 's

text: first

text: department

text: stores

text: such

text: as

text: Bazaar

text: Francés

text: La

text: Dalia

text: and

text: La

text: Villa

text: de

text: Paris

text: started

text: as

text: textile

text: retailers

text: at

text: the

text: turn

text: of

text: the

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: Later

text: on

text: in

text: the

text: twentieth

text: century

text: these

text: eventually

text: gave

text: way

text: to

text: stores

text: such

text: as

text: Felix

text: B.

text: Maduro

text: Sarah

text: Panamá

text: Figali

text: Danté

text: Sears

text: Gran

text: Morrison

text: and

text: smaller

text: ones

text: such

text: as

text: Bon

text: Bini

text: Cocos

text: El

text: Lider

text: Piccolo

text: and

text: Clubman

text: among

text: others

text: Of

text: these

text: only

text: Felix

text: B.

text: Maduro

text: usually

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Felix

text: by

text: locals

text: and

text: Danté

text: remain

text: strong

text: All

text: the

text: others

text: have

text: either

text: folded

text: or

text: declined

text: although

text: Cocos

text: has

text: managed

text: to

text: secure

text: a

text: good

text: position

text: in

text: the

text: market

question: How did Panama's department stores originally begin?

answer: as textile retailers

text: as textile retailers

question: When did Panama's Department stores first start?

answer: at the turn of the nineteenth century

text: at the turn of the nineteenth century

question: What department store is often called "Felix" by the local population?

answer: Felix B. Maduro

text: Felix B. Maduro

question: What store has managed to survive despite much it's competition going under?

answer: Cocos

text: Cocos

question: How did Panama's department stores originally end?

text: as textile retailers

question: How didn't Panama's department stores originally begin?

text: as textile retailers

question: When did Panama's Department stores first end?

text: at the turn of the nineteenth century

question: What department store is never called "Felix" by the local population?

text: Felix B. Maduro

question: What store has managed to close despite much it's competition thriving?

text: Cocos


text: Maintaining continuity with his predecessors, John XXIII continued the gradual reform of the Roman liturgy, and published changes that resulted in the 1962 Roman Missal, the last typical edition containing the Tridentine Mass established in 1570 by Pope Pius V at the request of the Council of Trent and whose continued use Pope Benedict XVI authorized in 2007, under the conditions indicated in his motu proprio Summorum Pontificum. In response to the directives of the Second Vatican Council, later editions of the Roman Missal present the 1970 form of the Roman Rite.

title: Pope_John_XXIII

title: Pope_John_XXIII

text: Maintaining

text: continuity

text: with

text: his

text: predecessors

text: John

text: XXIII

text: continued

text: the

text: gradual

text: reform

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: liturgy

text: and

text: published

text: changes

text: that

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: Roman

text: Missal

text: the

text: last

text: typical

text: edition

text: containing

text: the

text: Tridentine

text: Mass

text: established

text: in

text: by

text: Pope

text: Pius

text: V

text: at

text: the

text: request

text: of

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: Trent

text: and

text: whose

text: continued

text: use

text: Pope

text: Benedict

text: XVI

text: authorized

text: in

text: under

text: the

text: conditions

text: indicated

text: in

text: his

text: motu

text: proprio

text: Summorum

text: Pontificum

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: directives

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: Vatican

text: Council

text: later

text: editions

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Missal

text: present

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Rite

question: John XXIII continued the gradual reform of what?

answer: the Roman liturgy

text: the Roman liturgy

question: He published changes that resulted in what?

answer: the 1962 Roman Missal

text: the 1962 Roman Missal

question: What did Pope Pius V establish in 1570?

answer: the Tridentine Mass

text: the Tridentine Mass

question: Pope Benedict XVI authorized continued use of the Roman Missal in what year?

answer: 2007

question: When was the Roman Rite created?

answer: 1970

question: What did Pope Benedict XVI continue the gradual reform of?

text: the Roman liturgy

question: What did the changes published by Pope Benedict XVI cause?

text: the 1962 Roman Missal

question: What did Pope John XXIII establish in 1570?

text: the Tridentine Mass

question: Why did Pope John XXIII establish the Tridentine Mass?

text: at the request of the Council of Trent

question: What did Pope Pius V continue to authorize the use of in 2007?

text: the Tridentine Mass


text: The FBI frequently investigated Martin Luther King, Jr. In the mid-1960s, King began publicly criticizing the Bureau for giving insufficient attention to the use of terrorism by white supremacists. Hoover responded by publicly calling King the most "notorious liar" in the United States. In his 1991 memoir, Washington Post journalist Carl Rowan asserted that the FBI had sent at least one anonymous letter to King encouraging him to commit suicide. Historian Taylor Branch documents an anonymous November 1964 "suicide package" sent by the Bureau that combined a letter to the civil rights leader telling him "You are done. There is only one way out for you..." with audio recordings of King's sexual indiscretions.

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

text: The

text: FBI

text: frequently

text: investigated

text: Martin

text: Luther

text: King

text: Jr.

text: In

text: the

text: King

text: began

text: publicly

text: criticizing

text: the

text: Bureau

text: for

text: giving

text: insufficient

text: attention

text: to

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: terrorism

text: by

text: white

text: supremacists

text: Hoover

text: responded

text: by

text: publicly

text: calling

text: King

text: the

text: most

text: notorious

text: liar

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: In

text: his

text: memoir

text: Washington

text: Post

text: journalist

text: Carl

text: Rowan

text: asserted

text: that

text: the

text: FBI

text: had

text: sent

text: at

text: least

text: one

text: anonymous

text: letter

text: to

text: King

text: encouraging

text: him

text: to

text: commit

text: suicide

text: Historian

text: Taylor

text: Branch

text: documents

text: an

text: anonymous

text: November

text: suicide

text: package

text: sent

text: by

text: the

text: Bureau

text: that

text: combined

text: a

text: letter

text: to

text: the

text: civil

text: rights

text: leader

text: telling

text: him

text: You

text: are

text: done

text: There

text: is

text: only

text: one

text: way

text: out

text: for

text: you

text: with

text: audio

text: recordings

text: of

text: King

text: 's

text: sexual

text: indiscretions

question: Did the FBI investigate Martin Luther King Jr.?

answer: frequently

text: frequently

question: Who did MLK begin criticizing in the mid-1960s?

answer: the Bureau

text: the Bureau

question: What group did MLK believe needed more attention from the FBI?

answer: white supremacists

text: white supremacists

question: What did Hoover call MLK?

answer: notorious liar

text: notorious liar

question: What kind of letter did the FBI send to MLK?

answer: anonymous

text: anonymous

question: When did King publicly praise the FBI?

question: What group did the FBI believe needed more attention?

text: white supremacists

question: What did MLK call Hoover?

text: notorious liar

question: What kind of letter did MLK send to the FBI?

text: anonymous

question: What year did King send a package to the FBI?


text: The United States Air Force (USAF) is the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the seven American uniformed services. Initially part of the United States Army, the USAF was formed as a separate branch of the military on 18 September 1947 under the National Security Act of 1947. It is the most recent branch of the U.S. military to be formed, and is the largest and one of the world's most technologically advanced air forces. The USAF articulates its core functions as Nuclear Deterrence Operations, Special Operations, Air Superiority, Global Integrated ISR, Space Superiority, Command and Control, Cyberspace Superiority, Personnel Recovery, Global Precision Attack, Building Partnerships, Rapid Global Mobility and Agile Combat Support.

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: Air

text: Force

text: USAF

text: is

text: the

text: aerial

text: warfare

text: service

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: seven

text: American

text: uniformed

text: services

text: Initially

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Army

text: the

text: USAF

text: was

text: formed

text: as

text: a

text: separate

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: military

text: on

text: September

text: under

text: the

text: National

text: Security

text: Act

text: of

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: recent

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: military

text: to

text: be

text: formed

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: technologically

text: advanced

text: air

text: forces

text: The

text: USAF

text: articulates

text: its

text: core

text: functions

text: as

text: Nuclear

text: Deterrence

text: Operations

text: Special

text: Operations

text: Air

text: Superiority

text: Global

text: Integrated

text: ISR

text: Space

text: Superiority

text: Command

text: and

text: Control

text: Cyberspace

text: Superiority

text: Personnel

text: Recovery

text: Global

text: Precision

text: Attack

text: Building

text: Partnerships

text: Rapid

text: Global

text: Mobility

text: and

text: Agile

text: Combat

text: Support

question: What is the USAF?

answer: the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces

text: the aerial warfare service branch of the United States Armed Forces

question: How many uniformed services are there in the United States?

answer: seven

text: seven

question: When did the USAF split from the US Army?

answer: 18 September 1947

text: 18 September 1947

question: What act formed the USAF?

answer: National Security Act of 1947

text: National Security Act of 1947

question: What is one of the functions of the USAF?

answer: Nuclear Deterrence Operations

text: Nuclear Deterrence Operations


text: The first game in Arena Football League history was played on June 19, 1987, between the Gladiators and Commandos at Pittsburgh Civic Arena in front of 12,117 fans. The game was deliberately not televised so that it could be analyzed and any follies and failures would not be subject to national public scrutiny. Following the inaugural game, tweaks and adjustments were made, and the first season continued. The Dynamite and Bruisers played in the first-ever televised AFL game the next night, on June 20, 1987, at the Rosemont Horizon in suburban Chicago on ESPN with Bob Rathbun and Lee Corso calling the play. The broadcast showed a short clip of the Commandos-Gladiators game. Each team played six games, two against each other team. The top two teams, Denver and Pittsburgh, then competed in the first-ever AFL championship game, ArenaBowl I.

title: Arena_Football_League

title: Arena_Football_League

text: The

text: first

text: game

text: in

text: Arena

text: Football

text: League

text: history

text: was

text: played

text: on

text: June

text: between

text: the

text: Gladiators

text: and

text: Commandos

text: at

text: Pittsburgh

text: Civic

text: Arena

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: fans

text: The

text: game

text: was

text: deliberately

text: not

text: televised

text: so

text: that

text: it

text: could

text: be

text: analyzed

text: and

text: any

text: follies

text: and

text: failures

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: subject

text: to

text: national

text: public

text: scrutiny

text: Following

text: the

text: inaugural

text: game

text: tweaks

text: and

text: adjustments

text: were

text: made

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: season

text: continued

text: The

text: Dynamite

text: and

text: Bruisers

text: played

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: ever

text: televised

text: AFL

text: game

text: the

text: next

text: night

text: on

text: June

text: at

text: the

text: Rosemont

text: Horizon

text: in

text: suburban

text: Chicago

text: on

text: ESPN

text: with

text: Bob

text: Rathbun

text: and

text: Lee

text: Corso

text: calling

text: the

text: play

text: The

text: broadcast

text: showed

text: a

text: short

text: clip

text: of

text: the

text: Commandos

text: Gladiators

text: game

text: Each

text: team

text: played

text: six

text: games

text: two

text: against

text: each

text: other

text: team

text: The

text: top

text: two

text: teams

text: Denver

text: and

text: Pittsburgh

text: then

text: competed

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: ever

text: AFL

text: championship

text: game

text: ArenaBowl

text: I.

question: On what date was the inaugural game of the AFL played?

answer: June 19, 1987

text: June 19, 1987

question: Along with the Commandos, who played in the first Arena Football League game?

answer: Gladiators

text: Gladiators

question: How many spectators watched the first Arena Football League game?

answer: 12,117

question: On what date was the first AFL game that aired on television?

answer: June 20, 1987

text: June 20, 1987

question: At what venue did the first televised Arena Football League game occur?

answer: the Rosemont Horizon

text: the Rosemont Horizon


text: Somali art is the artistic culture of the Somali people, both historic and contemporary. These include artistic traditions in pottery, music, architecture, wood carving and other genres. Somali art is characterized by its aniconism, partly as a result of the vestigial influence of the pre-Islamic mythology of the Somalis coupled with their ubiquitous Muslim beliefs. However, there have been cases in the past of artistic depictions representing living creatures, such as certain ancient rock paintings in northern Somalia, the golden birds on the Mogadishan canopies, and the plant decorations on religious tombs in southern Somalia. More typically, intricate patterns and geometric designs, bold colors and monumental architecture were the norm.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: Somali

text: art

text: is

text: the

text: artistic

text: culture

text: of

text: the

text: Somali

text: people

text: both

text: historic

text: and

text: contemporary

text: These

text: include

text: artistic

text: traditions

text: in

text: pottery

text: music

text: architecture

text: wood

text: carving

text: and

text: other

text: genres

text: Somali

text: art

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: its

text: aniconism

text: partly

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: vestigial

text: influence

text: of

text: the

text: pre

text: Islamic

text: mythology

text: of

text: the

text: Somalis

text: coupled

text: with

text: their

text: ubiquitous

text: Muslim

text: beliefs

text: However

text: there

text: have

text: been

text: cases

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: of

text: artistic

text: depictions

text: representing

text: living

text: creatures

text: such

text: as

text: certain

text: ancient

text: rock

text: paintings

text: in

text: northern

text: Somalia

text: the

text: golden

text: birds

text: on

text: the

text: Mogadishan

text: canopies

text: and

text: the

text: plant

text: decorations

text: on

text: religious

text: tombs

text: in

text: southern

text: Somalia

text: More

text: typically

text: intricate

text: patterns

text: and

text: geometric

text: designs

text: bold

text: colors

text: and

text: monumental

text: architecture

text: were

text: the

text: norm

question: What is a notable characteristic of Somali art?

answer: aniconism

text: aniconism

question: Along with wood carving, architecture and pottery, what is a notable Somali artistic tradition?

answer: music

text: music

question: In what geographic region of Somalia are ancient rock paintings located?

answer: northern

text: northern

question: What animals are depicted on the Mogadishan canopies?

answer: birds

text: birds

question: In what area of Somalia can one find the tombs decorated with plants?

answer: southern

text: southern


text: From Elizabeth's birth onwards, the British Empire continued its transformation into the Commonwealth of Nations. By the time of her accession in 1952, her role as head of multiple independent states was already established. In 1953, the Queen and her husband embarked on a seven-month round-the-world tour, visiting 13 countries and covering more than 40,000 miles by land, sea and air. She became the first reigning monarch of Australia and New Zealand to visit those nations. During the tour, crowds were immense; three-quarters of the population of Australia were estimated to have seen her. Throughout her reign, the Queen has made hundreds of state visits to other countries and tours of the Commonwealth; she is the most widely travelled head of state.

title: Elizabeth_II

title: Elizabeth_II

text: From

text: Elizabeth

text: 's

text: birth

text: onwards

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: continued

text: its

text: transformation

text: into

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Nations

text: By

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: her

text: accession

text: in

text: her

text: role

text: as

text: head

text: of

text: multiple

text: independent

text: states

text: was

text: already

text: established

text: In

text: the

text: Queen

text: and

text: her

text: husband

text: embarked

text: on

text: a

text: seven

text: month

text: round

text: the

text: world

text: tour

text: visiting

text: countries

text: and

text: covering

text: more

text: than

text: miles

text: by

text: land

text: sea

text: and

text: air

text: She

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: reigning

text: monarch

text: of

text: Australia

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: to

text: visit

text: those

text: nations

text: During

text: the

text: tour

text: crowds

text: were

text: immense

text: three

text: quarters

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: Australia

text: were

text: estimated

text: to

text: have

text: seen

text: her

text: Throughout

text: her

text: reign

text: the

text: Queen

text: has

text: made

text: hundreds

text: of

text: state

text: visits

text: to

text: other

text: countries

text: and

text: tours

text: of

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: she

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: travelled

text: head

text: of

text: state

question: What entity did the British Empire slowly become during Elizabeth's reign?

answer: Commonwealth of Nations

text: Commonwealth of Nations

question: In what year did Elizabeth become Queen?

answer: 1952

question: What tour did Elizabeth take in 1953?

answer: round-the-world tour

text: round-the-world tour

question: How many nations did Elizabeth visit on tour in 1953?

answer: 13 countries

text: 13 countries

question: How many miles did Elizabeth cover on her world tour?

answer: 40,000 miles

text: 40,000 miles

question: In what year did the British Empire become the Commonwealth of Nations?

question: In 1953 what was the first country visited by Elizabeth and Philip?

text: Australia

question: In 1953 what was the last country visited by Elizabeth and Philip?

text: New Zealand

question: How many miles has Elizabeth traveled by land during her reign?

question: How many miles has Elizabeth traveled by sea during her reign?


text: The first of the Diadochi wars broke out when Perdiccas planned to marry Alexander's sister Cleopatra and began to question Antigonus I Monophthalmus' leadership in Asia Minor. Antigonus fled for Greece, and then, together with Antipater and Craterus (the satrap of Cilicia who had been in Greece fighting the Lamian war) invaded Anatolia. The rebels were supported by Lysimachus, the satrap of Thrace and Ptolemy, the satrap of Egypt. Although Eumenes, satrap of Cappadocia, defeated the rebels in Asia Minor, Perdiccas himself was murdered by his own generals Peithon, Seleucus, and Antigenes (possibly with Ptolemy's aid) during his invasion of Egypt (c. 21 May to 19 June, 320). Ptolemy came to terms with Perdiccas's murderers, making Peithon and Arrhidaeus regents in his place, but soon these came to a new agreement with Antipater at the Treaty of Triparadisus. Antipater was made regent of the Empire, and the two kings were moved to Macedon. Antigonus remained in charge of Asia minor, Ptolemy retained Egypt, Lysimachus retained Thrace and Seleucus I controlled Babylon.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: The

text: first

text: of

text: the

text: Diadochi

text: wars

text: broke

text: out

text: when

text: Perdiccas

text: planned

text: to

text: marry

text: Alexander

text: 's

text: sister

text: Cleopatra

text: and

text: began

text: to

text: question

text: Antigonus

text: I

text: Monophthalmus

text: leadership

text: in

text: Asia

text: Minor

text: Antigonus

text: fled

text: for

text: Greece

text: and

text: then

text: together

text: with

text: Antipater

text: and

text: Craterus

text: the

text: satrap

text: of

text: Cilicia

text: who

text: had

text: been

text: in

text: Greece

text: fighting

text: the

text: Lamian

text: war

text: invaded

text: Anatolia

text: The

text: rebels

text: were

text: supported

text: by

text: Lysimachus

text: the

text: satrap

text: of

text: Thrace

text: and

text: Ptolemy

text: the

text: satrap

text: of

text: Egypt

text: Although

text: Eumenes

text: satrap

text: of

text: Cappadocia

text: defeated

text: the

text: rebels

text: in

text: Asia

text: Minor

text: Perdiccas

text: himself

text: was

text: murdered

text: by

text: his

text: own

text: generals

text: Peithon

text: Seleucus

text: and

text: Antigenes

text: possibly

text: with

text: Ptolemy

text: 's

text: aid

text: during

text: his

text: invasion

text: of

text: Egypt

text: c.

text: May

text: to

text: June

text: Ptolemy

text: came

text: to

text: terms

text: with

text: Perdiccas

text: 's

text: murderers

text: making

text: Peithon

text: and

text: Arrhidaeus

text: regents

text: in

text: his

text: place

text: but

text: soon

text: these

text: came

text: to

text: a

text: new

text: agreement

text: with

text: Antipater

text: at

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Triparadisus

text: Antipater

text: was

text: made

text: regent

text: of

text: the

text: Empire

text: and

text: the

text: two

text: kings

text: were

text: moved

text: to

text: Macedon

text: Antigonus

text: remained

text: in

text: charge

text: of

text: Asia

text: minor

text: Ptolemy

text: retained

text: Egypt

text: Lysimachus

text: retained

text: Thrace

text: and

text: Seleucus

text: I

text: controlled

text: Babylon

question: Who did Diadochi plan to marry?

answer: Cleopatra

text: Cleopatra

question: Who was Alexander's sister?

answer: Cleopatra

text: Cleopatra

question: Who was the leader in Asia Minor?

answer: Antigonus I Monophthalmus

text: Antigonus I Monophthalmus

question: Along with Antipater and Craterus, Antigonus I Monophthalmus invaded which region?

answer: Anatolia

text: Anatolia

question: Peithon, Seleucus, and Antigenes murdered whom?

answer: Perdiccas

text: Perdiccas


text: On June 16, 1911, their four companies were consolidated in New York State by Charles Ranlett Flint to form the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR). CTR's business office was in Endicott. The individual companies owned by CTR continued to operate using their established names until the businesses were integrated in 1933 and the holding company eliminated. The four companies had 1,300 employees and offices and plants in Endicott and Binghamton, New York; Dayton, Ohio; Detroit, Michigan; Washington, D.C.; and Toronto. They manufactured machinery for sale and lease, ranging from commercial scales and industrial time recorders, meat and cheese slicers, to tabulators and punched cards.

title: IBM

title: IBM

text: On

text: June

text: their

text: four

text: companies

text: were

text: consolidated

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: State

text: by

text: Charles

text: Ranlett

text: Flint

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: Computing

text: Tabulating

text: Recording

text: Company

text: CTR

text: CTR

text: 's

text: business

text: office

text: was

text: in

text: Endicott

text: The

text: individual

text: companies

text: owned

text: by

text: CTR

text: continued

text: to

text: operate

text: using

text: their

text: established

text: names

text: until

text: the

text: businesses

text: were

text: integrated

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: holding

text: company

text: eliminated

text: The

text: four

text: companies

text: had

text: employees

text: and

text: offices

text: and

text: plants

text: in

text: Endicott

text: and

text: Binghamton

text: New

text: York

text: Dayton

text: Ohio

text: Detroit

text: Michigan

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: and

text: Toronto

text: They

text: manufactured

text: machinery

text: for

text: sale

text: and

text: lease

text: ranging

text: from

text: commercial

text: scales

text: and

text: industrial

text: time

text: recorders

text: meat

text: and

text: cheese

text: slicers

text: to

text: tabulators

text: and

text: punched

text: cards

question: On what date did the companies that became the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company get consolidated?

answer: June 16, 1911

text: June 16, 1911

question: Name the individual that consolidated the companies that were to become the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company.

answer: Charles Ranlett Flint

text: Charles Ranlett Flint

question: In what year did the companies owned by Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company finally integrate?

answer: 1933

question: Where was the CTR Business office?

answer: Endicott

text: Endicott

question: In 1933 the four companies owned by CTR had how many employees?

answer: 1,300 employees

text: 1,300 employees

question: Where was Charles Ranlett Flint originally from?

text: Endicott

question: In what year was Endicott created by Charles Ranlett Flint?

text: June 16, 1911

question: In what state was Endicott consolidated into one company?

text: New York

question: How many employees worked at the holding company in 1911?

question: What was the original name of the Endicott company?

text: Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company


text: Despite the Dutch presence in Indonesia for almost 350 years, as the Asian bulk of the Dutch East Indies, the Dutch language has no official status there and the small minority that can speak the language fluently are either educated members of the oldest generation, or employed in the legal profession, as some legal codes are still only available in Dutch. Dutch is taught in various educational centres in Indonesia, the most important of which is the Erasmus Language Centre (ETC) in Jakarta. Each year, some 1,500 to 2,000 students take Dutch courses there. In total, several thousand Indonesians study Dutch as a foreign language. Owing to centuries of Dutch rule in Indonesia, many old documents are written in Dutch. Many universities therefore include Dutch as a source language, mainly for law and history students. In Indonesia this involves about 35,000 students.

title: Dutch_language

title: Dutch_language

text: Despite

text: the

text: Dutch

text: presence

text: in

text: Indonesia

text: for

text: almost

text: years

text: as

text: the

text: Asian

text: bulk

text: of

text: the

text: Dutch

text: East

text: Indies

text: the

text: Dutch

text: language

text: has

text: no

text: official

text: status

text: there

text: and

text: the

text: small

text: minority

text: that

text: can

text: speak

text: the

text: language

text: fluently

text: are

text: either

text: educated

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: oldest

text: generation

text: or

text: employed

text: in

text: the

text: legal

text: profession

text: as

text: some

text: legal

text: codes

text: are

text: still

text: only

text: available

text: in

text: Dutch

text: Dutch

text: is

text: taught

text: in

text: various

text: educational

text: centres

text: in

text: Indonesia

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: Erasmus

text: Language

text: Centre

text: ETC

text: in

text: Jakarta

text: Each

text: year

text: some

text: to

text: students

text: take

text: Dutch

text: courses

text: there

text: In

text: total

text: several

text: thousand

text: Indonesians

text: study

text: Dutch

text: as

text: a

text: foreign

text: language

text: Owing

text: to

text: centuries

text: of

text: Dutch

text: rule

text: in

text: Indonesia

text: many

text: old

text: documents

text: are

text: written

text: in

text: Dutch

text: Many

text: universities

text: therefore

text: include

text: Dutch

text: as

text: a

text: source

text: language

text: mainly

text: for

text: law

text: and

text: history

text: students

text: In

text: Indonesia

text: this

text: involves

text: about

text: students

question: For how long have there been Dutch speakers in Indonesia?

answer: almost 350 years

text: almost 350 years

question: In what profession is Dutch often required in the Dutch East Indies?

answer: the legal profession

text: the legal profession

question: What institution in Jakarta still teaches Dutch?

answer: Erasmus Language Centre

text: Erasmus Language Centre

question: About how many pupils in all of Indonesia study Dutch as part of their coursework?

answer: 35,000

question: In addition to students pursuing law degrees, what other course of study often includes Dutch?

answer: history

text: history


text: The Constitution of Canada gives the federal government exclusive responsibility for national defence, and expenditures are thus outlined in the federal budget. For the 2008–2009 fiscal year, the amount allocated for defence spending was CAD$18.9 billion. This regular funding was augmented in 2005 with an additional CAD$12.5 billion over five years, as well as a commitment to increasing regular force troop levels by 5,000 persons, and the primary reserve by 3,000 over the same period. In 2006, a further CAD$5.3 billion over five years was provided to allow for 13,000 more regular force members, and 10,000 more primary reserve personnel, as well as CAD$17.1 billion for the purchase of new trucks for the Canadian Army, transport aircraft and helicopters for the Royal Canadian Air Force, and joint support ships for the Royal Canadian Navy.

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

text: The

text: Constitution

text: of

text: Canada

text: gives

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: exclusive

text: responsibility

text: for

text: national

text: defence

text: and

text: expenditures

text: are

text: thus

text: outlined

text: in

text: the

text: federal

text: budget

text: For

text: the

text: fiscal

text: year

text: the

text: amount

text: allocated

text: for

text: defence

text: spending

text: was

text: billion

text: This

text: regular

text: funding

text: was

text: augmented

text: in

text: with

text: an

text: additional

text: billion

text: over

text: five

text: years

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: commitment

text: to

text: increasing

text: regular

text: force

text: troop

text: levels

text: by

text: persons

text: and

text: the

text: primary

text: reserve

text: by

text: over

text: the

text: same

text: period

text: In

text: a

text: further

text: billion

text: over

text: five

text: years

text: was

text: provided

text: to

text: allow

text: for

text: more

text: regular

text: force

text: members

text: and

text: more

text: primary

text: reserve

text: personnel

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: billion

text: for

text: the

text: purchase

text: of

text: new

text: trucks

text: for

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Army

text: transport

text: aircraft

text: and

text: helicopters

text: for

text: the

text: Royal

text: Canadian

text: Air

text: Force

text: and

text: joint

text: support

text: ships

text: for

text: the

text: Royal

text: Canadian

text: Navy

question: What gives the federal government responsibility for national defense?

answer: The Constitution of Canada

text: The Constitution of Canada

question: What year was an additional 12.5 Billion Canadian Dollars assigned for over five years?

answer: 2005

question: What gives the federal government responsibility for international defense?

text: Constitution of Canada

question: What year was an additional 12.5 Billion Canadian Dollars assigned for over 10 years?


text: Intellectuals such as Robert Darnton and Jürgen Habermas have focused on the social conditions of the Enlightenment. Habermas described the creation of the "bourgeois public sphere" in 18th-century Europe, containing the new venues and modes of communication allowing for rational exchange. Habermas said that the public sphere was bourgeois, egalitarian, rational, and independent from the state, making it the ideal venue for intellectuals to critically examine contemporary politics and society, away from the interference of established authority. While the public sphere is generally an integral component of the social study of the Enlightenment, other historians have questioned whether the public sphere had these characteristics.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: Intellectuals

text: such

text: as

text: Robert

text: Darnton

text: and

text: Jürgen

text: Habermas

text: have

text: focused

text: on

text: the

text: social

text: conditions

text: of

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: Habermas

text: described

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: bourgeois

text: public

text: sphere

text: in

text: century

text: Europe

text: containing

text: the

text: new

text: venues

text: and

text: modes

text: of

text: communication

text: allowing

text: for

text: rational

text: exchange

text: Habermas

text: said

text: that

text: the

text: public

text: sphere

text: was

text: bourgeois

text: egalitarian

text: rational

text: and

text: independent

text: from

text: the

text: state

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: ideal

text: venue

text: for

text: intellectuals

text: to

text: critically

text: examine

text: contemporary

text: politics

text: and

text: society

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: interference

text: of

text: established

text: authority

text: While

text: the

text: public

text: sphere

text: is

text: generally

text: an

text: integral

text: component

text: of

text: the

text: social

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: other

text: historians

text: have

text: questioned

text: whether

text: the

text: public

text: sphere

text: had

text: these

text: characteristics

question: What aspect of the Enlightenment did Robert Darnton and Jurgen Habermas focus on within the Enlightenment?

answer: social conditions

text: social conditions

question: How did Habermas describe the public sphere?

answer: bourgeois, egalitarian, rational, and independent from the state

text: bourgeois, egalitarian, rational, and independent from the state

question: The new venues and modes of communication allowing for rational exchange were given what term by Habermas in 18th century Europe?

answer: the "bourgeois public sphere"

text: the "bourgeois public sphere"


text: Hyderabad's role in the pearl trade has given it the name "City of Pearls" and up until the 18th century, the city was also the only global trading centre for large diamonds. Industrialisation began under the Nizams in the late 19th century, helped by railway expansion that connected the city with major ports. From the 1950s to the 1970s, Indian enterprises, such as Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), Nuclear Fuel Complex (NFC), National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC), Bharat Electronics (BEL), Electronics Corporation of India Limited (ECIL), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), State Bank of Hyderabad (SBH) and Andhra Bank (AB) were established in the city. The city is home to Hyderabad Securities formerly known as Hyderabad Stock Exchange (HSE), and houses the regional office of the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). In 2013, the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) facility in Hyderabad was forecast to provide operations and transactions services to BSE-Mumbai by the end of 2014. The growth of the financial services sector has helped Hyderabad evolve from a traditional manufacturing city to a cosmopolitan industrial service centre. Since the 1990s, the growth of information technology (IT), IT-enabled services (ITES), insurance and financial institutions has expanded the service sector, and these primary economic activities have boosted the ancillary sectors of trade and commerce, transport, storage, communication, real estate and retail.

title: Hyderabad

title: Hyderabad

text: Hyderabad

text: 's

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: pearl

text: trade

text: has

text: given

text: it

text: the

text: name

text: City

text: of

text: Pearls

text: and

text: up

text: until

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: only

text: global

text: trading

text: centre

text: for

text: large

text: diamonds

text: Industrialisation

text: began

text: under

text: the

text: Nizams

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: helped

text: by

text: railway

text: expansion

text: that

text: connected

text: the

text: city

text: with

text: major

text: ports

text: From

text: the

text: to

text: the

text: Indian

text: enterprises

text: such

text: as

text: Bharat

text: Heavy

text: Electricals

text: Limited

text: BHEL

text: Nuclear

text: Fuel

text: Complex

text: NFC

text: National

text: Mineral

text: Development

text: Corporation

text: NMDC

text: Bharat

text: Electronics

text: BEL

text: Electronics

text: Corporation

text: of

text: India

text: Limited

text: ECIL

text: Defence

text: Research

text: and

text: Development

text: Organisation

text: DRDO

text: Hindustan

text: Aeronautics

text: Limited

text: HAL

text: Centre

text: for

text: Cellular

text: and

text: Molecular

text: Biology

text: CCMB

text: Centre

text: for

text: DNA

text: Fingerprinting

text: and

text: Diagnostics

text: CDFD

text: State

text: Bank

text: of

text: Hyderabad

text: SBH

text: and

text: Andhra

text: Bank

text: AB

text: were

text: established

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: Hyderabad

text: Securities

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: Hyderabad

text: Stock

text: Exchange

text: HSE

text: and

text: houses

text: the

text: regional

text: office

text: of

text: the

text: Securities

text: and

text: Exchange

text: Board

text: of

text: India

text: SEBI

text: In

text: the

text: Bombay

text: Stock

text: Exchange

text: BSE

text: facility

text: in

text: Hyderabad

text: was

text: forecast

text: to

text: provide

text: operations

text: and

text: transactions

text: services

text: to

text: BSE

text: Mumbai

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: The

text: growth

text: of

text: the

text: financial

text: services

text: sector

text: has

text: helped

text: Hyderabad

text: evolve

text: from

text: a

text: traditional

text: manufacturing

text: city

text: to

text: a

text: cosmopolitan

text: industrial

text: service

text: centre

text: Since

text: the

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: information

text: technology

text: IT

text: IT

text: enabled

text: services

text: ITES

text: insurance

text: and

text: financial

text: institutions

text: has

text: expanded

text: the

text: service

text: sector

text: and

text: these

text: primary

text: economic

text: activities

text: have

text: boosted

text: the

text: ancillary

text: sectors

text: of

text: trade

text: and

text: commerce

text: transport

text: storage

text: communication

text: real

text: estate

text: and

text: retail

question: In the 18th century there was one global trading hub for large diamonds, what was it?

answer: Hyderabad

text: Hyderabad

question: When did railway expansion in Hyderabad occur?

answer: the late 19th century

text: the late 19th century

question: During what era was The Defence Research and Development Organisation founded?

answer: From the 1950s to the 1970s

text: From the 1950s to the 1970s

question: What did the Hyderabad Stock Exchange come to be known as?

answer: Hyderabad Securities

text: Hyderabad Securities

question: At the end of 2014 what entity would handle the the transaction services for BSE-Mumbai?

answer: Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)

text: Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)


text: According to the scriptures, soon after the death of the Buddha, the first Buddhist council was held; a monk named Mahākāśyapa (Pāli: Mahākassapa) presided. The goal of the council was to record the Buddha's teachings. Upāli recited the vinaya. Ānanda, the Buddha's personal attendant, was called upon to recite the dhamma. These became the basis of the Tripitaka. However, this record was initially transmitted orally in form of chanting, and was committed to text in the last century BCE. Both the sūtras and the vinaya of every Buddhist school contain a wide variety of elements including discourses on the Dharma, commentaries on other teachings, cosmological and cosmogonical texts, stories of the Gautama Buddha's previous lives, and various other subjects.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: scriptures

text: soon

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: the

text: Buddha

text: the

text: first

text: Buddhist

text: council

text: was

text: held

text: a

text: monk

text: named

text: Mahākāśyapa

text: Pāli

text: Mahākassapa

text: presided

text: The

text: goal

text: of

text: the

text: council

text: was

text: to

text: record

text: the

text: Buddha

text: 's

text: teachings

text: Upāli

text: recited

text: the

text: vinaya

text: Ānanda

text: the

text: Buddha

text: 's

text: personal

text: attendant

text: was

text: called

text: upon

text: to

text: recite

text: the

text: dhamma

text: These

text: became

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: the

text: Tripitaka

text: However

text: this

text: record

text: was

text: initially

text: transmitted

text: orally

text: in

text: form

text: of

text: chanting

text: and

text: was

text: committed

text: to

text: text

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: century

text: BCE

text: Both

text: the

text: sūtras

text: and

text: the

text: vinaya

text: of

text: every

text: Buddhist

text: school

text: contain

text: a

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: elements

text: including

text: discourses

text: on

text: the

text: Dharma

text: commentaries

text: on

text: other

text: teachings

text: cosmological

text: and

text: cosmogonical

text: texts

text: stories

text: of

text: the

text: Gautama

text: Buddha

text: 's

text: previous

text: lives

text: and

text: various

text: other

text: subjects

question: Which monk presided after the death of the Buddha?

answer: Mahākāśyapa

text: Mahākāśyapa

question: What was the goal of the council?

answer: to record the Buddha's teachings

text: to record the Buddha's teachings

question: the vinaya was recited by?

answer: Upāli

text: Upāli

question: Who was the Buddha's personal attendant?

answer: Ānanda

text: Ānanda

question: Ananda was called upon to recite what?

answer: dhamma

text: dhamma


text: Spielberg's film Munich, about the events following the 1972 Munich Massacre of Israeli athletes at the Olympic Games, was his second film essaying Jewish relations in the world (the first being Schindler's List). The film is based on Vengeance, a book by Canadian journalist George Jonas. It was previously adapted into the 1986 made-for-TV film Sword of Gideon. The film received strong critical praise, but underperformed at the U.S. and world box-office; it remains one of Spielberg's most controversial films to date. Munich received five Academy Awards nominations, including Best Picture, Film Editing, Original Music Score (by John Williams), Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Director for Spielberg. It was Spielberg's sixth Best Director nomination and fifth Best Picture nomination.

title: Steven_Spielberg

title: Steven_Spielberg

text: Spielberg

text: 's

text: film

text: Munich

text: about

text: the

text: events

text: following

text: the

text: Munich

text: Massacre

text: of

text: Israeli

text: athletes

text: at

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: was

text: his

text: second

text: film

text: essaying

text: Jewish

text: relations

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: the

text: first

text: being

text: Schindler

text: 's

text: List

text: The

text: film

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: Vengeance

text: a

text: book

text: by

text: Canadian

text: journalist

text: George

text: Jonas

text: It

text: was

text: previously

text: adapted

text: into

text: the

text: made

text: for

text: TV

text: film

text: Sword

text: of

text: Gideon

text: The

text: film

text: received

text: strong

text: critical

text: praise

text: but

text: underperformed

text: at

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: world

text: box

text: office

text: it

text: remains

text: one

text: of

text: Spielberg

text: 's

text: most

text: controversial

text: films

text: to

text: date

text: Munich

text: received

text: five

text: Academy

text: Awards

text: nominations

text: including

text: Best

text: Picture

text: Film

text: Editing

text: Original

text: Music

text: Score

text: by

text: John

text: Williams

text: Best

text: Adapted

text: Screenplay

text: and

text: Best

text: Director

text: for

text: Spielberg

text: It

text: was

text: Spielberg

text: 's

text: sixth

text: Best

text: Director

text: nomination

text: and

text: fifth

text: Best

text: Picture

text: nomination

question: What was 'Munich' about?

answer: the 1972 Munich Massacre of Israeli athletes at the Olympic Games

text: the 1972 Munich Massacre of Israeli athletes at the Olympic Games

question: What book was 'Munich' based on?

answer: Vengeance

text: Vengeance

question: Who wrote 'Vengeance'?

answer: George Jonas

text: George Jonas

question: How many Oscar nominations did 'Munich' get?

answer: five

text: five

question: Who composed music for 'Munich'?

answer: John Williams

text: John Williams

question: In what year was the book Vengeance published?

question: Who directed Sword of Gideon?

text: Spielberg

question: Who did the score for Sword of Gideon?

text: John Williams

question: How many Israeli athletes died during the 1972 Munich Massacre?

text: five

question: What was George Jonas' first novel to be published?

text: Vengeance


text: The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), an independent agency under the Department of State established in place of the Marshall Plan for the purpose of determining and distributing foreign aid, does not use the term Near East. Its definition of Middle East corresponds to that of the State Department, which officially prefers the term Near East.

title: Near_East

title: Near_East

text: The

text: U.S.

text: Agency

text: for

text: International

text: Development

text: USAID

text: an

text: independent

text: agency

text: under

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: State

text: established

text: in

text: place

text: of

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Plan

text: for

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: determining

text: and

text: distributing

text: foreign

text: aid

text: does

text: not

text: use

text: the

text: term

text: Near

text: East

text: Its

text: definition

text: of

text: Middle

text: East

text: corresponds

text: to

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: which

text: officially

text: prefers

text: the

text: term

text: Near

text: East

question: What does USAID stand for?

answer: U.S. Agency for International Development

text: U.S. Agency for International Development

question: What is the independant agency under the Department of State for the purpose of determining and distributing foreign aid called?

answer: USAID

text: USAID

question: What term does USAID not use?

answer: the term Near East

text: the term Near East


text: The earliest archaeological artifacts in Iran, like those excavated at the Kashafrud and Ganj Par sites, attest to a human presence in Iran since the Lower Paleolithic era, c. 800,000–200,000 BC. Iran's Neanderthal artifacts from the Middle Paleolithic period, c. 200,000–40,000 BC, have been found mainly in the Zagros region, at sites such as Warwasi and Yafteh Cave.[page needed] Around 10th to 8th millennium BC, early agricultural communities such as Chogha Golan and Chogha Bonut began to flourish in Iran, as well as Susa and Chogha Mish developing in and around the Zagros region.[page needed]

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: The

text: earliest

text: archaeological

text: artifacts

text: in

text: Iran

text: like

text: those

text: excavated

text: at

text: the

text: Kashafrud

text: and

text: Ganj

text: Par

text: sites

text: attest

text: to

text: a

text: human

text: presence

text: in

text: Iran

text: since

text: the

text: Lower

text: Paleolithic

text: era

text: c.

text: BC

text: Iran

text: 's

text: Neanderthal

text: artifacts

text: from

text: the

text: Middle

text: Paleolithic

text: period

text: c.

text: BC

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: mainly

text: in

text: the

text: Zagros

text: region

text: at

text: sites

text: such

text: as

text: Warwasi

text: and

text: Yafteh

text: Cave.[page

text: needed

text: Around

text: to

text: millennium

text: BC

text: early

text: agricultural

text: communities

text: such

text: as

text: Chogha

text: Golan

text: and

text: Chogha

text: Bonut

text: began

text: to

text: flourish

text: in

text: Iran

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Susa

text: and

text: Chogha

text: Mish

text: developing

text: in

text: and

text: around

text: the

text: Zagros

text: region.[page

text: needed

question: How long ago were the earliest artifacts from that were evidence of humans in Iran?

answer: the Lower Paleolithic era, c. 800,000–200,000 BC

text: the Lower Paleolithic era, c. 800,000–200,000 BC

question: What region of Iran did Neanderthal artifacts from the Middle Paleolithic Period were found?

answer: the Zagros region

text: the Zagros region

question: When did early agricultural communities in Iran begin to appear and prosper?

answer: 10th to 8th millennium BC

text: 10th to 8th millennium BC

question: What were dug up from the archaeological sites Kashafrud and Ganj Par in Iran?

answer: The earliest archaeological artifacts in Iran

text: The earliest archaeological artifacts in Iran


text: During a November 26, 2013 radio interview, West explained why he believed that President Obama had problems pushing policies in Washington: "Man, let me tell you something about George Bush and oil money and Obama and no money. People want to say Obama can't make these moves or he's not executing. That's because he ain't got those connections. Black people don't have the same level of connections as Jewish people...We ain't Jewish. We don't got family that got money like that." In response to his comments, the Anti-Defamation League stated: "There it goes again, the age-old canard that Jews are all-powerful and control the levers of power in government." On December 21, 2013, West backed off of the original comment and told a Chicago radio station that "I thought I was giving a compliment, but if anything it came off more ignorant. I don’t know how being told you have money is an insult."

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: During

text: a

text: November

text: radio

text: interview

text: West

text: explained

text: why

text: he

text: believed

text: that

text: President

text: Obama

text: had

text: problems

text: pushing

text: policies

text: in

text: Washington

text: Man

text: let

text: me

text: tell

text: you

text: something

text: about

text: George

text: Bush

text: and

text: oil

text: money

text: and

text: Obama

text: and

text: no

text: money

text: People

text: want

text: to

text: say

text: Obama

text: ca

text: n't

text: make

text: these

text: moves

text: or

text: he

text: 's

text: not

text: executing

text: That

text: 's

text: because

text: he

text: ai

text: n't

text: got

text: those

text: connections

text: Black

text: people

text: do

text: n't

text: have

text: the

text: same

text: level

text: of

text: connections

text: as

text: Jewish

text: people

text: We

text: ai

text: n't

text: Jewish

text: We

text: do

text: n't

text: got

text: family

text: that

text: got

text: money

text: like

text: that

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: his

text: comments

text: the

text: Anti

text: Defamation

text: League

text: stated

text: There

text: it

text: goes

text: again

text: the

text: age

text: old

text: canard

text: that

text: Jews

text: are

text: all

text: powerful

text: and

text: control

text: the

text: levers

text: of

text: power

text: in

text: government

text: On

text: December

text: West

text: backed

text: off

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: comment

text: and

text: told

text: a

text: Chicago

text: radio

text: station

text: that

text: I

text: thought

text: I

text: was

text: giving

text: a

text: compliment

text: but

text: if

text: anything

text: it

text: came

text: off

text: more

text: ignorant

text: I

text: do

text: n’t

text: know

text: how

text: being

text: told

text: you

text: have

text: money

text: is

text: an

text: insult

question: What president did Kanye comment on as having trouble pushing policies while in office?

answer: Obama

text: Obama

question: What type of people did Kanye state had more power than Black people?

answer: Jewish people

text: Jewish people

question: On what day did Kanye do an interview about President Obama pushing policies in Washington?

answer: November 26, 2013

text: November 26, 2013

question: On what day did Kanye take back his original comment about Jews?

answer: December 21, 2013

text: December 21, 2013


text: Paul VI supported the new-found harmony and cooperation with Protestants on so many levels. When Cardinal Augustin Bea went to see him for permission for a joint Catholic-Protestant translation of the Bible with Protestant Bible societies, the pope walked towards him and exclaimed, "as far as the cooperation with Bible societies is concerned, I am totally in favour." He issued a formal approval on Pentecost 1967, the feast on which the Holy Spirit descended on the Christians, overcoming all linguistic difficulties, according to Christian tradition.

title: Pope_Paul_VI

title: Pope_Paul_VI

text: Paul

text: VI

text: supported

text: the

text: new

text: found

text: harmony

text: and

text: cooperation

text: with

text: Protestants

text: on

text: so

text: many

text: levels

text: When

text: Cardinal

text: Augustin

text: Bea

text: went

text: to

text: see

text: him

text: for

text: permission

text: for

text: a

text: joint

text: Catholic

text: Protestant

text: translation

text: of

text: the

text: Bible

text: with

text: Protestant

text: Bible

text: societies

text: the

text: pope

text: walked

text: towards

text: him

text: and

text: exclaimed

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: the

text: cooperation

text: with

text: Bible

text: societies

text: is

text: concerned

text: I

text: am

text: totally

text: in

text: favour

text: He

text: issued

text: a

text: formal

text: approval

text: on

text: Pentecost

text: the

text: feast

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: Holy

text: Spirit

text: descended

text: on

text: the

text: Christians

text: overcoming

text: all

text: linguistic

text: difficulties

text: according

text: to

text: Christian

text: tradition

question: Who was Paul VI in favor of cooperating with in the translation of the bible?

answer: Protestant Bible societies

text: Protestant Bible societies

question: Who asked Paul VI for permission to cooperate with Protestants to translate the bible?

answer: Cardinal Augustin Bea

text: Cardinal Augustin Bea

question: In what year did Paul VI officially declare his support of a cross faith translation of the bible?

answer: 1967

question: What group of Christians did Paul VI support and approve of cooperation with?

answer: Protestants

text: Protestants