text: In the US, African Americans, who include multiracial people, earn 75% of what white people earn. In Brazil, people of color earn less than 50% of what whites earn. Some have posited that the facts of lower socioeconomic status for people of color suggest that Brazil practices a kind of one-drop rule, or discrimination against people who are not visibly European in ancestry. The gap in income between blacks and other non-whites is relatively small compared to the large gap between whites and all people of color. Other social factors, such as illiteracy and education levels, show the same patterns of disadvantage for people of color. Some commentators observe that the United States practice of segregation and white supremacy in the South, and discrimination in many areas outside that region, forced many African Americans to unite in the civil rights struggle. They suggest that the fluid nature of race in Brazil has divided individuals of African descent, between those with more or less ancestry. As a result, they have not united for a stronger civil rights movement.[citation needed]

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: In

text: the

text: US

text: African

text: Americans

text: who

text: include

text: multiracial

text: people

text: earn

text: of

text: what

text: white

text: people

text: earn

text: In

text: Brazil

text: people

text: of

text: color

text: earn

text: less

text: than

text: of

text: what

text: whites

text: earn

text: Some

text: have

text: posited

text: that

text: the

text: facts

text: of

text: lower

text: socioeconomic

text: status

text: for

text: people

text: of

text: color

text: suggest

text: that

text: Brazil

text: practices

text: a

text: kind

text: of

text: one

text: drop

text: rule

text: or

text: discrimination

text: against

text: people

text: who

text: are

text: not

text: visibly

text: European

text: in

text: ancestry

text: The

text: gap

text: in

text: income

text: between

text: blacks

text: and

text: other

text: non

text: whites

text: is

text: relatively

text: small

text: compared

text: to

text: the

text: large

text: gap

text: between

text: whites

text: and

text: all

text: people

text: of

text: color

text: Other

text: social

text: factors

text: such

text: as

text: illiteracy

text: and

text: education

text: levels

text: show

text: the

text: same

text: patterns

text: of

text: disadvantage

text: for

text: people

text: of

text: color

text: Some

text: commentators

text: observe

text: that

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: practice

text: of

text: segregation

text: and

text: white

text: supremacy

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: and

text: discrimination

text: in

text: many

text: areas

text: outside

text: that

text: region

text: forced

text: many

text: African

text: Americans

text: to

text: unite

text: in

text: the

text: civil

text: rights

text: struggle

text: They

text: suggest

text: that

text: the

text: fluid

text: nature

text: of

text: race

text: in

text: Brazil

text: has

text: divided

text: individuals

text: of

text: African

text: descent

text: between

text: those

text: with

text: more

text: or

text: less

text: ancestry

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: they

text: have

text: not

text: united

text: for

text: a

text: stronger

text: civil

text: rights

text: movement.[citation

text: needed

question: In the US, how much of what white people earn, do blacks earn?

answer: 75%

question: In Brazil, how much less do blacks earn compared to whites?

answer: 50%

question: What rule is Brazil accused of practicing?

answer: one-drop rule

text: one-drop rule

question: What does the one drop rule do?

answer: discrimination against people who are not visibly European in ancestry.

text: discrimination against people who are not visibly European in ancestry.

question: What other patterns are consistent with unequal living standards?

answer: illiteracy and education levels

text: illiteracy and education levels


text: The word "animal" comes from the Latin animalis, meaning having breath, having soul or living being. In everyday non-scientific usage the word excludes humans – that is, "animal" is often used to refer only to non-human members of the kingdom Animalia; often, only closer relatives of humans such as mammals, or mammals and other vertebrates, are meant. The biological definition of the word refers to all members of the kingdom Animalia, encompassing creatures as diverse as sponges, jellyfish, insects, and humans.

title: Animal

title: Animal

text: The

text: word

text: animal

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: Latin

text: animalis

text: meaning

text: having

text: breath

text: having

text: soul

text: or

text: living

text: being

text: In

text: everyday

text: non

text: scientific

text: usage

text: the

text: word

text: excludes

text: humans

text: that

text: is

text: animal

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: only

text: to

text: non

text: human

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: kingdom

text: Animalia

text: often

text: only

text: closer

text: relatives

text: of

text: humans

text: such

text: as

text: mammals

text: or

text: mammals

text: and

text: other

text: vertebrates

text: are

text: meant

text: The

text: biological

text: definition

text: of

text: the

text: word

text: refers

text: to

text: all

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: kingdom

text: Animalia

text: encompassing

text: creatures

text: as

text: diverse

text: as

text: sponges

text: jellyfish

text: insects

text: and

text: humans

question: Where does the word animal come from?

answer: Latin animalis

text: Latin animalis

question: What does the Latin word animalis mean?

answer: having breath, having soul or living being

text: having breath, having soul or living being

question: The word animal is usually only used to refer to what?

answer: non-human members of the kingdom Animalia

text: non-human members of the kingdom Animalia

question: The biological definition of the word animal refers to all member of what kingdom?

answer: Animalia

text: Animalia

question: What are some of the creatures included in the kingdom of Animalia?

answer: sponges, jellyfish, insects, and humans

text: sponges, jellyfish, insects, and humans


text: The Mature Indus civilisation flourished from about 2600 to 1900 BCE, marking the beginning of urban civilisation on the subcontinent. The civilisation included urban centres such as Dholavira, Kalibangan, Ropar, Rakhigarhi, and Lothal in modern-day India, as well as Harappa, Ganeriwala, and Mohenjo-daro in modern-day Pakistan. The civilisation is noted for its cities built of brick, roadside drainage system, and multistoreyed houses and is thought to have had some kind of municipal organization.

title: History_of_India

title: History_of_India

text: The

text: Mature

text: Indus

text: civilisation

text: flourished

text: from

text: about

text: to

text: BCE

text: marking

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: urban

text: civilisation

text: on

text: the

text: subcontinent

text: The

text: civilisation

text: included

text: urban

text: centres

text: such

text: as

text: Dholavira

text: Kalibangan

text: Ropar

text: Rakhigarhi

text: and

text: Lothal

text: in

text: modern

text: day

text: India

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Harappa

text: Ganeriwala

text: and

text: Mohenjo

text: daro

text: in

text: modern

text: day

text: Pakistan

text: The

text: civilisation

text: is

text: noted

text: for

text: its

text: cities

text: built

text: of

text: brick

text: roadside

text: drainage

text: system

text: and

text: multistoreyed

text: houses

text: and

text: is

text: thought

text: to

text: have

text: had

text: some

text: kind

text: of

text: municipal

text: organization

question: When did the Mature Indus Civilization thrive?

answer: 2600 to 1900 BCE

text: 2600 to 1900 BCE

question: What stage of civilization did the Mature Indus represent?

answer: urban

text: urban

question: What kind of organization did the Mature Indus have?

answer: municipal

text: municipal

question: Of what were the early cities of the Mature Indus civilization built?

answer: brick

text: brick

question: How high were the buildings in the Mature Indus ?

answer: multistoreyed

text: multistoreyed


text: Freemasonry, as it exists in various forms all over the world, has a membership estimated by the United Grand Lodge of England at around six million worldwide. The fraternity is administratively organised into independent Grand Lodges (or sometimes Grand Orients), each of which governs its own Masonic jurisdiction, which consists of subordinate (or constituent) Lodges. The largest single jurisdiction, in terms of membership, is the United Grand Lodge of England (with a membership estimated at around a quarter million). The Grand Lodge of Scotland and Grand Lodge of Ireland (taken together) have approximately 150,000 members. In the United States total membership is just under two million.

title: Freemasonry

title: Freemasonry

text: Freemasonry

text: as

text: it

text: exists

text: in

text: various

text: forms

text: all

text: over

text: the

text: world

text: has

text: a

text: membership

text: estimated

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: of

text: England

text: at

text: around

text: six

text: million

text: worldwide

text: The

text: fraternity

text: is

text: administratively

text: organised

text: into

text: independent

text: Grand

text: Lodges

text: or

text: sometimes

text: Grand

text: Orients

text: each

text: of

text: which

text: governs

text: its

text: own

text: Masonic

text: jurisdiction

text: which

text: consists

text: of

text: subordinate

text: or

text: constituent

text: Lodges

text: The

text: largest

text: single

text: jurisdiction

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: membership

text: is

text: the

text: United

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: of

text: England

text: with

text: a

text: membership

text: estimated

text: at

text: around

text: a

text: quarter

text: million

text: The

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: of

text: Scotland

text: and

text: Grand

text: Lodge

text: of

text: Ireland

text: taken

text: together

text: have

text: approximately

text: members

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: total

text: membership

text: is

text: just

text: under

text: two

text: million

question: How large is the membership of Freemasonry?

answer: around six million worldwide

text: around six million worldwide

question: What is the largest single jurisdiction of Freemasonry?

answer: United Grand Lodge of England

text: United Grand Lodge of England

question: How many members does the UGLE have?

answer: around a quarter million

text: around a quarter million

question: What are the membership numbers of the United States?

answer: just under two million

text: just under two million

question: How many members does the Grand Lodge of Scotland and the Grand Lodge of Ireland have, together?

answer: 150,000

question: How many members are in Freemasonry?

answer: around six million worldwide

text: around six million worldwide

question: What lodge has the single largest single jurisdiction of Freemasonry?

answer: the United Grand Lodge of England

text: the United Grand Lodge of England

question: How many members are in the Grand Lodge of England?

answer: around a quarter million

text: around a quarter million

question: The Grand Lodges of Scotland and Ireland have how many member?

answer: approximately 150,000 members

text: approximately 150,000 members

question: The United States has how many Freemason members?

answer: just under two million

text: just under two million

question: How many people lost membership of Freemasonry?

text: around six million worldwide

question: What is the only single jurisdiction of Freemasonry?

text: United Grand Lodge of England

question: How many members does the UGLE lose every year?

text: around a quarter million

question: How many members left the United States?

text: just under two million

question: How many dogs are in the Grand Lodge of England?


text: University of Massachusetts Amherst researchers estimated that from 1970 to 1996, capital flight from 30 Sub-Saharan countries totaled $187bn, exceeding those nations' external debts. (The results, expressed in retarded or suppressed development, have been modeled in theory by economist Mancur Olson.) In the case of Africa, one of the factors for this behavior was political instability, and the fact that new governments often confiscated previous government's corruptly obtained assets. This encouraged officials to stash their wealth abroad, out of reach of any future expropriation. In contrast, Asian administrations such as Suharto's New Order often took a cut on business transactions or provided conditions for development, through infrastructure investment, law and order, etc.

title: Political_corruption

title: Political_corruption

text: University

text: of

text: Massachusetts

text: Amherst

text: researchers

text: estimated

text: that

text: from

text: to

text: capital

text: flight

text: from

text: Sub

text: Saharan

text: countries

text: totaled

text: exceeding

text: those

text: nations

text: external

text: debts

text: The

text: results

text: expressed

text: in

text: retarded

text: or

text: suppressed

text: development

text: have

text: been

text: modeled

text: in

text: theory

text: by

text: economist

text: Mancur

text: Olson

text: In

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: Africa

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: factors

text: for

text: this

text: behavior

text: was

text: political

text: instability

text: and

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: new

text: governments

text: often

text: confiscated

text: previous

text: government

text: 's

text: corruptly

text: obtained

text: assets

text: This

text: encouraged

text: officials

text: to

text: stash

text: their

text: wealth

text: abroad

text: out

text: of

text: reach

text: of

text: any

text: future

text: expropriation

text: In

text: contrast

text: Asian

text: administrations

text: such

text: as

text: Suharto

text: 's

text: New

text: Order

text: often

text: took

text: a

text: cut

text: on

text: business

text: transactions

text: or

text: provided

text: conditions

text: for

text: development

text: through

text: infrastructure

text: investment

text: law

text: and

text: order

text: etc

question: Which researchers studied corruption from Sub-Saharan countries from 1970 to 1996?

answer: University of Massachusetts Amherst

text: University of Massachusetts Amherst

question: The 187 billion exceeded what in these countries?

answer: external debts

text: external debts

question: What was one of the factors for this behavior in Africa?

answer: political instability

text: political instability


text: Following the earthquake, donations were made by people from all over mainland China, with booths set up in schools, at banks, and around gas stations. People also donated blood, resulting in according to Xinhua long line-ups in most major Chinese cities. Many donated through text messaging on mobile phones to accounts set up by China Unicom and China Mobile By May 16, the Chinese government had allocated a total of $772 million for earthquake relief so far, up sharply from $159 million from May 14.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: Following

text: the

text: earthquake

text: donations

text: were

text: made

text: by

text: people

text: from

text: all

text: over

text: mainland

text: China

text: with

text: booths

text: set

text: up

text: in

text: schools

text: at

text: banks

text: and

text: around

text: gas

text: stations

text: People

text: also

text: donated

text: blood

text: resulting

text: in

text: according

text: to

text: Xinhua

text: long

text: line

text: ups

text: in

text: most

text: major

text: Chinese

text: cities

text: Many

text: donated

text: through

text: text

text: messaging

text: on

text: mobile

text: phones

text: to

text: accounts

text: set

text: up

text: by

text: China

text: Unicom

text: and

text: China

text: Mobile

text: By

text: May

text: the

text: Chinese

text: government

text: had

text: allocated

text: a

text: total

text: of

text: million

text: for

text: earthquake

text: relief

text: so

text: far

text: up

text: sharply

text: from

text: million

text: from

text: May

question: What was also donated?

answer: blood

text: blood

question: What companies received the money?

answer: China Unicom and China Mobile

text: China Unicom and China Mobile

question: After the quake, people from where in China made donations?

answer: all over mainland China

text: all over mainland China

question: What caused long lines in most major cities?

answer: donated blood

text: donated blood

question: What were the Chinese setting up to take in donations?

answer: booths

text: booths

question: How did a lot of people donate using mobile phones?

answer: text messaging

text: text messaging

question: How much had the Chinese government designated by May 16?

answer: $772 million

text: $772 million


text: Municipalities (Gemeinden): Every rural district and every Amt is subdivided into municipalities, while every urban district is a municipality in its own right. There are (as of 6 March 2009[update]) 12,141 municipalities, which are the smallest administrative units in Germany. Cities and towns are municipalities as well, also having city rights or town rights (Stadtrechte). Nowadays, this is mostly just the right to be called a city or town. However, in former times there were many other privileges, including the right to impose local taxes or to allow industry only within city limits.

title: States_of_Germany

title: States_of_Germany

text: Municipalities

text: Gemeinden

text: Every

text: rural

text: district

text: and

text: every

text: Amt

text: is

text: subdivided

text: into

text: municipalities

text: while

text: every

text: urban

text: district

text: is

text: a

text: municipality

text: in

text: its

text: own

text: right

text: There

text: are

text: as

text: of

text: March

text: municipalities

text: which

text: are

text: the

text: smallest

text: administrative

text: units

text: in

text: Germany

text: Cities

text: and

text: towns

text: are

text: municipalities

text: as

text: well

text: also

text: having

text: city

text: rights

text: or

text: town

text: rights

text: Stadtrechte

text: Nowadays

text: this

text: is

text: mostly

text: just

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: be

text: called

text: a

text: city

text: or

text: town

text: However

text: in

text: former

text: times

text: there

text: were

text: many

text: other

text: privileges

text: including

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: impose

text: local

text: taxes

text: or

text: to

text: allow

text: industry

text: only

text: within

text: city

text: limits

question: Every rural district is subdivided into what?

answer: municipalities

text: municipalities

question: Every urban district is what in its own right?

answer: municipality

text: municipality

question: How many municipalities are there?

answer: 12,141

question: What is the smallest administrative unit in Germany?

answer: a municipality

text: a municipality

question: What are town rights called?

answer: Stadtrechte

text: Stadtrechte

question: What are only rural districts divided into?

text: municipalities

question: What are urban districts not allowed to be?

text: municipality in its own right

question: How many districts are there in Germany?

question: What rights do cities and towns give up if they are a municipality?

text: city rights or town rights

question: What special rights does a city have nowadays along with the right to be called a city?


text: Although Egypt was a majority Christian country before the 7th Century, after Islam arrived, the country was slowly Islamified to become a majority Muslim country. Egypt emerged as a centre of politics and culture in the Muslim world. Under Anwar Sadat, Islam became the official state religion and Sharia the main source of law. It is estimated that 15 million Egyptians follow Native Sufi orders, with the Sufi leadership asserting that the numbers are much greater as many Egyptian Sufis are not officially registered with a Sufi order.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: Although

text: Egypt

text: was

text: a

text: majority

text: Christian

text: country

text: before

text: the

text: Century

text: after

text: Islam

text: arrived

text: the

text: country

text: was

text: slowly

text: Islamified

text: to

text: become

text: a

text: majority

text: Muslim

text: country

text: Egypt

text: emerged

text: as

text: a

text: centre

text: of

text: politics

text: and

text: culture

text: in

text: the

text: Muslim

text: world

text: Under

text: Anwar

text: Sadat

text: Islam

text: became

text: the

text: official

text: state

text: religion

text: and

text: Sharia

text: the

text: main

text: source

text: of

text: law

text: It

text: is

text: estimated

text: that

text: million

text: Egyptians

text: follow

text: Native

text: Sufi

text: orders

text: with

text: the

text: Sufi

text: leadership

text: asserting

text: that

text: the

text: numbers

text: are

text: much

text: greater

text: as

text: many

text: Egyptian

text: Sufis

text: are

text: not

text: officially

text: registered

text: with

text: a

text: Sufi

text: order

question: Prior to 7th century, what was primary religion of Egypt?

answer: Christian

text: Christian

question: What became the main source of law with increasing Islamic influence in Egypt?

answer: Sharia

text: Sharia

question: Under what leader did Islam become official religion of Egypt?

answer: Anwar Sadat

text: Anwar Sadat


text: Highbury could hold more than 60,000 spectators at its peak, and had a capacity of 57,000 until the early 1990s. The Taylor Report and Premier League regulations obliged Arsenal to convert Highbury to an all-seater stadium in time for the 1993–94 season, thus reducing the capacity to 38,419 seated spectators. This capacity had to be reduced further during Champions League matches to accommodate additional advertising boards, so much so that for two seasons, from 1998 to 2000, Arsenal played Champions League home matches at Wembley, which could house more than 70,000 spectators.

title: Arsenal_F.C.

title: Arsenal_F.C.

text: Highbury

text: could

text: hold

text: more

text: than

text: spectators

text: at

text: its

text: peak

text: and

text: had

text: a

text: capacity

text: of

text: until

text: the

text: early

text: The

text: Taylor

text: Report

text: and

text: Premier

text: League

text: regulations

text: obliged

text: Arsenal

text: to

text: convert

text: Highbury

text: to

text: an

text: all

text: seater

text: stadium

text: in

text: time

text: for

text: the

text: season

text: thus

text: reducing

text: the

text: capacity

text: to

text: seated

text: spectators

text: This

text: capacity

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: reduced

text: further

text: during

text: Champions

text: League

text: matches

text: to

text: accommodate

text: additional

text: advertising

text: boards

text: so

text: much

text: so

text: that

text: for

text: two

text: seasons

text: from

text: to

text: Arsenal

text: played

text: Champions

text: League

text: home

text: matches

text: at

text: Wembley

text: which

text: could

text: house

text: more

text: than

text: spectators

question: What was the most people that Highbury stadium could host?

answer: 60,000

question: When did League regulations make Arsenal reduce the seating in Highbury?

answer: 1993–94 season

text: 1993–94 season

question: Where did Arsenal play matches because of increased seating capacity?

answer: Wembley

text: Wembley

question: During what time did Arsenal play at Wembley?

answer: 1998 to 2000

text: 1998 to 2000

question: What seating capacity did Wembley offer that have to lure Arsenal to play there?

answer: 70,000

question: What was the maximum occupancy of Highbury at its peak?

text: 60,000 spectators

question: In what year was Wembley built?

question: What's the maximum occupancy of Wembley?

text: 70,000 spectators

question: How many advertising board does Wembley have?

text: two

question: What was built first, Highbury or Wembley?

text: Wembley


text: Unauthorized MP3 file sharing continues on next-generation peer-to-peer networks. Some authorized services, such as Beatport, Bleep, Juno Records, eMusic, Zune Marketplace, Walmart.com, Rhapsody, the recording industry approved re-incarnation of Napster, and Amazon.com sell unrestricted music in the MP3 format.

title: MP3

title: MP3

text: Unauthorized

text: file

text: sharing

text: continues

text: on

text: next

text: generation

text: peer

text: to

text: peer

text: networks

text: Some

text: authorized

text: services

text: such

text: as

text: Beatport

text: Bleep

text: Juno

text: Records

text: eMusic

text: Zune

text: Marketplace

text: Walmart.com

text: Rhapsody

text: the

text: recording

text: industry

text: approved

text: re

text: incarnation

text: of

text: Napster

text: and

text: Amazon.com

text: sell

text: unrestricted

text: music

text: in

text: the

text: format

question: What kind of MP3 file sharing continues on?

answer: Unauthorized

text: Unauthorized

question: Beatport, Bleep and Juno records are examples of what kind of service?

answer: authorized

text: authorized

question: What kind of music is sold by these companies?

answer: unrestricted

text: unrestricted

question: Which format is used by the companies that sell the music legally?

answer: MP3


text: In the 1950s, Universal-International resumed their series of Arabian Nights films, many starring Tony Curtis. The studio also had a success with monster and science fiction films produced by William Alland, with many directed by Jack Arnold. Other successes were the melodramas directed by Douglas Sirk and produced by Ross Hunter, although for film critics they were not so well thought of on first release as they have since become. Among Universal-International's stable of stars were Rock Hudson, Tony Curtis, Jeff Chandler, Audie Murphy, and John Gavin.

title: Universal_Studios

title: Universal_Studios

text: In

text: the

text: Universal

text: International

text: resumed

text: their

text: series

text: of

text: Arabian

text: Nights

text: films

text: many

text: starring

text: Tony

text: Curtis

text: The

text: studio

text: also

text: had

text: a

text: success

text: with

text: monster

text: and

text: science

text: fiction

text: films

text: produced

text: by

text: William

text: Alland

text: with

text: many

text: directed

text: by

text: Jack

text: Arnold

text: Other

text: successes

text: were

text: the

text: melodramas

text: directed

text: by

text: Douglas

text: Sirk

text: and

text: produced

text: by

text: Ross

text: Hunter

text: although

text: for

text: film

text: critics

text: they

text: were

text: not

text: so

text: well

text: thought

text: of

text: on

text: first

text: release

text: as

text: they

text: have

text: since

text: become

text: Among

text: Universal

text: International

text: 's

text: stable

text: of

text: stars

text: were

text: Rock

text: Hudson

text: Tony

text: Curtis

text: Jeff

text: Chandler

text: Audie

text: Murphy

text: and

text: John

text: Gavin

question: Who did many of Universal-International's Arabian Nights films feature?

answer: Tony Curtis

text: Tony Curtis

question: Who notably produced monster and science fiction films for Universal?

answer: William Alland

text: William Alland

question: What Universal director was known for his melodramas?

answer: Douglas Sirk

text: Douglas Sirk

question: Who directed monster movies for Universal?

answer: Jack Arnold

text: Jack Arnold

question: Who produced melodramas for Universal?

answer: Ross Hunter

text: Ross Hunter

question: What series of films did Tony Alland star in?

text: Arabian Nights

question: What types of films did William Curtis produce?

text: monster and science fiction

question: What type of films did Douglas Hunter and Ross Sirk produce?

text: melodramas

question: What company did stars Rock Hudson, Tony Chandler, and Jeff Curtis work for?

text: Universal-International


text: The Qing dynasty (Chinese: 清朝; pinyin: Qīng Cháo; Wade–Giles: Ch'ing Ch'ao; IPA: [tɕʰíŋ tʂʰɑ̌ʊ̯]), officially the Great Qing (Chinese: 大清; pinyin: Dà Qīng), also called the Empire of the Great Qing, or the Manchu dynasty, was the last imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1644 to 1912 with a brief, abortive restoration in 1917. It was preceded by the Ming dynasty and succeeded by the Republic of China. The Qing multi-cultural empire lasted almost three centuries and formed the territorial base for the modern Chinese state.

title: Qing_dynasty

title: Qing_dynasty

text: The

text: Qing

text: dynasty

text: Chinese

text: 清朝

text: pinyin

text: Qīng

text: Cháo

text: Wade

text: Giles

text: Ch'ing

text: Ch'ao

text: IPA

text: tɕʰíŋ

text: tʂʰɑ̌ʊ̯

text: officially

text: the

text: Great

text: Qing

text: Chinese

text: 大清

text: pinyin

text: Dà

text: Qīng

text: also

text: called

text: the

text: Empire

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Qing

text: or

text: the

text: Manchu

text: dynasty

text: was

text: the

text: last

text: imperial

text: dynasty

text: of

text: China

text: ruling

text: from

text: to

text: with

text: a

text: brief

text: abortive

text: restoration

text: in

text: It

text: was

text: preceded

text: by

text: the

text: Ming

text: dynasty

text: and

text: succeeded

text: by

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: The

text: Qing

text: multi

text: cultural

text: empire

text: lasted

text: almost

text: three

text: centuries

text: and

text: formed

text: the

text: territorial

text: base

text: for

text: the

text: modern

text: Chinese

text: state

question: What was the last Chinese dynasty?

answer: Great Qing, or the Manchu dynasty

text: Great Qing, or the Manchu dynasty

question: When did the Manchu dynasty rule?

answer: 1644 to 1912

text: 1644 to 1912

question: What was the dynasty that ruled before the Manchu?

answer: Ming

text: Ming

question: What government took over from the Manchu dynasty?

answer: Republic of China

text: Republic of China

question: What is another name for the Manchu dynasty?

answer: Qing

text: Qing


text: In the east there is a Dutch Low Saxon dialect area, comprising the provinces of Groningen, Drenthe and Overijssel, and parts of the province of Gelderland as well. The IJssel river roughly forms the linguistic watershed here. This group, though not being Low Franconian and being close to the neighbouring Low German, is regarded as Dutch, because of a number of reasons. From the 14th to 15th century onward, its urban centers (Deventer, Zwolle and Kampen as well as Zutphen and Doesburg) have been increasingly influenced by the western written Dutch and became a linguistically mixed area. From the 17th century onward, it was gradually integrated into the Dutch language area. In other words, this group is Dutch synchronically but not diachronically.[citation needed]

title: Dutch_language

title: Dutch_language

text: In

text: the

text: east

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: Dutch

text: Low

text: Saxon

text: dialect

text: area

text: comprising

text: the

text: provinces

text: of

text: Groningen

text: Drenthe

text: and

text: Overijssel

text: and

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: Gelderland

text: as

text: well

text: The

text: IJssel

text: river

text: roughly

text: forms

text: the

text: linguistic

text: watershed

text: here

text: This

text: group

text: though

text: not

text: being

text: Low

text: Franconian

text: and

text: being

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: neighbouring

text: Low

text: German

text: is

text: regarded

text: as

text: Dutch

text: because

text: of

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: reasons

text: From

text: the

text: to

text: century

text: onward

text: its

text: urban

text: centers

text: Deventer

text: Zwolle

text: and

text: Kampen

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Zutphen

text: and

text: Doesburg

text: have

text: been

text: increasingly

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: western

text: written

text: Dutch

text: and

text: became

text: a

text: linguistically

text: mixed

text: area

text: From

text: the

text: century

text: onward

text: it

text: was

text: gradually

text: integrated

text: into

text: the

text: Dutch

text: language

text: area

text: In

text: other

text: words

text: this

text: group

text: is

text: Dutch

text: synchronically

text: but

text: not

text: diachronically.[citation

text: needed

question: What dialect of Dutch is spoken in Drenthe?

answer: Dutch Low Saxon

text: Dutch Low Saxon

question: What's the name of the river that marks a dialect divide in the Netherlands?

answer: IJssel

text: IJssel

question: Although Dutch Low Saxon is similar to Low German, it's synchronically included with which language?

answer: Dutch

text: Dutch

question: Which Dutch province is only partially comprised of speakers of Dutch low Saxon?

answer: Gelderland

text: Gelderland

question: When did cities like Diventer and Zutphen start becoming more linguistically diverse?

answer: 14th to 15th century

text: 14th to 15th century


text: Many of the smaller insectivorous birds including the warblers, hummingbirds and flycatchers migrate large distances, usually at night. They land in the morning and may feed for a few days before resuming their migration. The birds are referred to as passage migrants in the regions where they occur for short durations between the origin and destination.

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: smaller

text: insectivorous

text: birds

text: including

text: the

text: warblers

text: hummingbirds

text: and

text: flycatchers

text: migrate

text: large

text: distances

text: usually

text: at

text: night

text: They

text: land

text: in

text: the

text: morning

text: and

text: may

text: feed

text: for

text: a

text: few

text: days

text: before

text: resuming

text: their

text: migration

text: The

text: birds

text: are

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: passage

text: migrants

text: in

text: the

text: regions

text: where

text: they

text: occur

text: for

text: short

text: durations

text: between

text: the

text: origin

text: and

text: destination

question: When do many insectivorous birds migrate?

answer: usually at night

text: usually at night

question: Which kinds of birds land for a few days before resuming migration?

answer: smaller insectivorous birds

text: smaller insectivorous birds

question: What are smaller insectivorous birds referred to?

answer: passage migrants

text: passage migrants

question: How long do passage migrants stop and feed before resuming migration?

answer: a few days

text: a few days


text: When the Dzungar Mongols attempted to spread their territory from what is now Xinjiang into Tibet, the Kangxi Emperor (r. 1661–1722) responded to Tibetan pleas for aid with his own expedition to Tibet, occupying Lhasa in 1720. By 1751, during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796), a protectorate and permanent Qing dynasty garrison was established in Tibet. As of 1751, Albert Kolb writes that "Chinese claims to suzerainty over Tibet date from this time."

title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

title: Sino

text: When

text: the

text: Dzungar

text: Mongols

text: attempted

text: to

text: spread

text: their

text: territory

text: from

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: Xinjiang

text: into

text: Tibet

text: the

text: Kangxi

text: Emperor

text: r.

text: responded

text: to

text: Tibetan

text: pleas

text: for

text: aid

text: with

text: his

text: own

text: expedition

text: to

text: Tibet

text: occupying

text: Lhasa

text: in

text: By

text: during

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: the

text: Qianlong

text: Emperor

text: r.

text: a

text: protectorate

text: and

text: permanent

text: Qing

text: dynasty

text: garrison

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: Tibet

text: As

text: of

text: Albert

text: Kolb

text: writes

text: that

text: Chinese

text: claims

text: to

text: suzerainty

text: over

text: Tibet

text: date

text: from

text: this

text: time

question: Who tried to spread their territory into Tibet?

answer: the Dzungar Mongols

text: the Dzungar Mongols

question: Who helped the Tibetan?

answer: the Kangxi Emperor

text: the Kangxi Emperor

question: When did the Kangxi Emperor occupy Lhasa?

answer: 1720

question: When was The Qing dynasty garrison established in Tibet?

answer: 1751

question: When did the Qianlong Emperor reign?

answer: 1735–1796


text: Unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within the city include Chelsea, City Island, Great Island and Venice Park.

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

text: Unincorporated

text: communities

text: localities

text: and

text: place

text: names

text: located

text: partially

text: or

text: completely

text: within

text: the

text: city

text: include

text: Chelsea

text: City

text: Island

text: Great

text: Island

text: and

text: Venice

text: Park

question: Besides Chelsea, City Island, and Great Island, what other community, locality, or place name is included in the city?

answer: Venice Park

text: Venice Park

question: Besides Chelsea, City Island, and Venice Park, what other community, locality, or place name is included in the city?

answer: Great Island

text: Great Island

question: Besides Chelsea, Venice Park, and Great Island, what other community, locality, or place name is included in the city?

answer: City Island

text: City Island

question: Besides Venice Park, City Island, and Great Island, what other community, locality, or place name is included in the city?

answer: Chelsea

text: Chelsea

question: Besides localities and place names, what else is located partically or completely within the city?

answer: Unincorporated communities

text: Unincorporated communities


text: This new approach liberated scientific speculation from the dogmatic restraints of Aristotelian science, and paved the way for new approaches. Particularly within the field of theories of motion great advances were made, when such scholars as Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators challenged the work of Aristotle. Buridan developed the theory of impetus as the cause of the motion of projectiles, which was an important step towards the modern concept of inertia. The works of these scholars anticipated the heliocentric worldview of Nicolaus Copernicus.

title: Late_Middle_Ages

title: Late_Middle_Ages

text: This

text: new

text: approach

text: liberated

text: scientific

text: speculation

text: from

text: the

text: dogmatic

text: restraints

text: of

text: Aristotelian

text: science

text: and

text: paved

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: new

text: approaches

text: Particularly

text: within

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: theories

text: of

text: motion

text: great

text: advances

text: were

text: made

text: when

text: such

text: scholars

text: as

text: Jean

text: Buridan

text: Nicole

text: Oresme

text: and

text: the

text: Oxford

text: Calculators

text: challenged

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Aristotle

text: Buridan

text: developed

text: the

text: theory

text: of

text: impetus

text: as

text: the

text: cause

text: of

text: the

text: motion

text: of

text: projectiles

text: which

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: step

text: towards

text: the

text: modern

text: concept

text: of

text: inertia

text: The

text: works

text: of

text: these

text: scholars

text: anticipated

text: the

text: heliocentric

text: worldview

text: of

text: Nicolaus

text: Copernicus

question: What did Jean Buridan create to explain the motion of projectiles?

answer: the theory of impetus

text: the theory of impetus

question: What school of scientific thought was challenged by Jean Buridan and Nicole Oresme?

answer: Aristotelian

text: Aristotelian

question: What scientist is most associated with the heliocentric worldview?

answer: Nicolaus Copernicus

text: Nicolaus Copernicus

question: Which scholars made great advances in the theories of motion?

answer: Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators

text: Jean Buridan, Nicole Oresme and the Oxford Calculators

question: Buridan's theory of impetus led to what modern concept?

answer: inertia

text: inertia

question: What didn't Jean Buridan create to explain the motion of projectiles?

text: the theory of impetus

question: What did Jean Buridan destroy to explain the motion of projectiles?

text: the theory of impetus

question: What school of scientific thought was accepted by Jean Buridan and Nicole Oresme?

text: Aristotelian

question: What scientist is least associated with the heliocentric worldview?

text: Nicolaus Copernicus

question: Which scholars made no advances in the theories of motion?


text: Egyptian President Anwar Sadat had a mother who was a dark-skinned Nubian Sudanese woman and a father who was a lighter-skinned Egyptian. In response to an advertisement for an acting position, as a young man he said, "I am not white but I am not exactly black either. My blackness is tending to reddish".

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: Egyptian

text: President

text: Anwar

text: Sadat

text: had

text: a

text: mother

text: who

text: was

text: a

text: dark

text: skinned

text: Nubian

text: Sudanese

text: woman

text: and

text: a

text: father

text: who

text: was

text: a

text: lighter

text: skinned

text: Egyptian

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: an

text: advertisement

text: for

text: an

text: acting

text: position

text: as

text: a

text: young

text: man

text: he

text: said

text: I

text: am

text: not

text: white

text: but

text: I

text: am

text: not

text: exactly

text: black

text: either

text: My

text: blackness

text: is

text: tending

text: to

text: reddish

question: Who was the Egyptian President?

answer: Anwar Sadat

text: Anwar Sadat

question: What ethnicity was his father?

answer: Egyptian

text: Egyptian

question: What color did he refer to himself as?

answer: reddish

text: reddish


text: Former members Heather and Gary Botting compare the cultural paradigms of the religion to George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-four, and Alan Rogerson describes the religion's leadership as totalitarian. Other critics charge that by disparaging individual decision-making, the religion's leaders cultivate a system of unquestioning obedience in which Witnesses abrogate all responsibility and rights over their personal lives. Critics also accuse the religion's leaders of exercising "intellectual dominance" over Witnesses, controlling information and creating "mental isolation", which former Governing Body member Raymond Franz argued were all elements of mind control.

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

text: Former

text: members

text: Heather

text: and

text: Gary

text: Botting

text: compare

text: the

text: cultural

text: paradigms

text: of

text: the

text: religion

text: to

text: George

text: Orwell

text: 's

text: Nineteen

text: Eighty

text: four

text: and

text: Alan

text: Rogerson

text: describes

text: the

text: religion

text: 's

text: leadership

text: as

text: totalitarian

text: Other

text: critics

text: charge

text: that

text: by

text: disparaging

text: individual

text: decision

text: making

text: the

text: religion

text: 's

text: leaders

text: cultivate

text: a

text: system

text: of

text: unquestioning

text: obedience

text: in

text: which

text: Witnesses

text: abrogate

text: all

text: responsibility

text: and

text: rights

text: over

text: their

text: personal

text: lives

text: Critics

text: also

text: accuse

text: the

text: religion

text: 's

text: leaders

text: of

text: exercising

text: intellectual

text: dominance

text: over

text: Witnesses

text: controlling

text: information

text: and

text: creating

text: mental

text: isolation

text: which

text: former

text: Governing

text: Body

text: member

text: Raymond

text: Franz

text: argued

text: were

text: all

text: elements

text: of

text: mind

text: control

question: What do former Jehovah's Witnesses members Heath and Gary Botting compare the culture of the religion to?

answer: Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-four

text: Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-four

question: Who describes the Jehovah's Witnesses' leadership as being totalitarian?

answer: Alan Rogerson

text: Alan Rogerson

question: How do the leaders of the Jehovah's Witnesses cultivate a system of unquestioning obedience?

answer: disparaging individual decision-making

text: disparaging individual decision-making

question: What do critics of the Jehovah's Witnesses accuse the religion's leaders of exercising over members?

answer: "intellectual dominance"

text: "intellectual dominance"

question: What did former Governing Body member Raymond Franz argue the methods employed by the religion were all elements of?

answer: mind control

text: mind control

question: Who was the first totalitarian in charge of a nation?

text: George Orwell

question: Who was the first leader of the Witnesses?

text: Gary Botting

question: Who was one of the people that argued the Witnesses make people abrogate all responsibilities and rights over their personal lives?

text: Raymond Franz

question: Who got out of the Witnesses first, Alan Rogerson or Raymond Franz?

text: Raymond Franz

question: Who between Heather and Gary Botting first wanted out of the Witnesses?

text: Heather


text: Although Albertus Magnus did much to instill mysticism in the Order of Preachers, it is a concept that reaches back to the Hebrew Bible. In the tradition of Holy Writ, the impossibility of coming face to face with God is a recurring motif, thus the commandment against graven images (Exodus 20.4-5). As time passed, Jewish and early Christian writings presented the idea of 'unknowing,' where God's presence was enveloped in a dark cloud. These images arose out of a confusing mass of ambiguous and ambivalent statements regarding the nature of God and man's relationship to Him.

title: Dominican_Order

title: Dominican_Order

text: Although

text: Albertus

text: Magnus

text: did

text: much

text: to

text: instill

text: mysticism

text: in

text: the

text: Order

text: of

text: Preachers

text: it

text: is

text: a

text: concept

text: that

text: reaches

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: Hebrew

text: Bible

text: In

text: the

text: tradition

text: of

text: Holy

text: Writ

text: the

text: impossibility

text: of

text: coming

text: face

text: to

text: face

text: with

text: God

text: is

text: a

text: recurring

text: motif

text: thus

text: the

text: commandment

text: against

text: graven

text: images

text: Exodus

text: As

text: time

text: passed

text: Jewish

text: and

text: early

text: Christian

text: writings

text: presented

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: unknowing

text: where

text: God

text: 's

text: presence

text: was

text: enveloped

text: in

text: a

text: dark

text: cloud

text: These

text: images

text: arose

text: out

text: of

text: a

text: confusing

text: mass

text: of

text: ambiguous

text: and

text: ambivalent

text: statements

text: regarding

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: God

text: and

text: man

text: 's

text: relationship

text: to

text: Him

question: The search for mysticism in the Dominican Order goes back to what?

answer: Hebrew Bible

text: Hebrew Bible

question: What is the Holy Writ?

answer: Bible

text: Bible

question: Who wanted to put mysticism into the Dominican Order?

answer: Albertus Magnus

text: Albertus Magnus

question: Whose writings introduced the idea of 'unknowing' to the Order of Preachers?

answer: Jewish and early Christian writings

text: Jewish and early Christian writings

question: What concept does not reach back to the Hebrew Bible?

text: mysticism

question: What tradition believed that it was possible to come face to face with God?

text: tradition of Holy Writ

question: What does the commandment of Exodus 20.4-5 allow?

text: graven images

question: Who did not want to instill mysticism in the Dominican order?

text: Albertus Magnus

question: What writings introduced the idea of "knowing" to the Order of Preachers?

text: Jewish and early Christian


text: From its origins in the fur trade, the Hudson's Bay Company is the oldest corporation in North America and was the largest department store operator in Canada until the mid-1980s, with locations across the country. It also previously owned Zellers, another major Canadian department store which ceased to exist in March 2013 after selling its lease holdings to Target Canada. Other department stores in Canada are: Canadian Tire, Sears Canada, Ogilvy, Les Ailes de la Mode, Giant Tiger, Co-op, Costco and Holt Renfrew. Grocery giant Superstores carry many non-grocery items akin to a department store. Woolco had 160 stores in Canada when operations ceased (Walmart bought out Woolco in 1994). Today low-price Walmart is by far the most dominant department store retailer in Canada with outlets throughout the country. Historically, department stores were a significant component in Canadian economic life, and chain stores such as Eaton's, Charles Ogilvy Limited, Freiman's, Spencer's, Simpsons, Morgan's, and Woodward's were staples in their respective communities. Department stores in Canada are similar in design and style to department stores in the United States.

title: Department_store

title: Department_store

text: From

text: its

text: origins

text: in

text: the

text: fur

text: trade

text: the

text: Hudson

text: 's

text: Bay

text: Company

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: corporation

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: department

text: store

text: operator

text: in

text: Canada

text: until

text: the

text: with

text: locations

text: across

text: the

text: country

text: It

text: also

text: previously

text: owned

text: Zellers

text: another

text: major

text: Canadian

text: department

text: store

text: which

text: ceased

text: to

text: exist

text: in

text: March

text: after

text: selling

text: its

text: lease

text: holdings

text: to

text: Target

text: Canada

text: Other

text: department

text: stores

text: in

text: Canada

text: are

text: Canadian

text: Tire

text: Sears

text: Canada

text: Ogilvy

text: Les

text: Ailes

text: de

text: la

text: Mode

text: Giant

text: Tiger

text: Co

text: op

text: Costco

text: and

text: Holt

text: Renfrew

text: Grocery

text: giant

text: Superstores

text: carry

text: many

text: non

text: grocery

text: items

text: akin

text: to

text: a

text: department

text: store

text: Woolco

text: had

text: stores

text: in

text: Canada

text: when

text: operations

text: ceased

text: Walmart

text: bought

text: out

text: Woolco

text: in

text: Today

text: low

text: price

text: Walmart

text: is

text: by

text: far

text: the

text: most

text: dominant

text: department

text: store

text: retailer

text: in

text: Canada

text: with

text: outlets

text: throughout

text: the

text: country

text: Historically

text: department

text: stores

text: were

text: a

text: significant

text: component

text: in

text: Canadian

text: economic

text: life

text: and

text: chain

text: stores

text: such

text: as

text: Eaton

text: 's

text: Charles

text: Ogilvy

text: Limited

text: Freiman

text: 's

text: Spencer

text: 's

text: Simpsons

text: Morgan

text: 's

text: and

text: Woodward

text: 's

text: were

text: staples

text: in

text: their

text: respective

text: communities

text: Department

text: stores

text: in

text: Canada

text: are

text: similar

text: in

text: design

text: and

text: style

text: to

text: department

text: stores

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: What business was the Hudson's Bay Company originally involved in?

answer: the fur trade

text: the fur trade

question: What department store chain did Hudson's Bay Company own until it dissolved in 2013?

answer: Zellers

text: Zellers

question: How many stores did Woolco operate before selling their shares to Walmart?

answer: 160

question: Currently, what department store is most popular in Canada?

answer: Walmart

text: Walmart

question: What business was the Hudson's Bay Company originally not involved in?

text: fur trade

question: What department store chain did Hudson's Bay Company own until it dissolved in 2003?

text: Zellers

question: How many stores did Woolco operate before buying Walmart?

question: Currently, what department store is least popular in Canada?

text: Walmart

question: Currently, what department store is most unpopular in Canada?

text: Walmart


text: A USB packet's end, called EOP (end-of-packet), is indicated by the transmitter driving 2 bit times of SE0 (D+ and D− both below max.) and 1 bit time of J state. After this, the transmitter ceases to drive the D+/D− lines and the aforementioned pull up resistors hold it in the J (idle) state. Sometimes skew due to hubs can add as much as one bit time before the SE0 of the end of packet. This extra bit can also result in a "bit stuff violation" if the six bits before it in the CRC are 1s. This bit should be ignored by receiver.

title: USB

title: USB

text: A

text: USB

text: packet

text: 's

text: end

text: called

text: EOP

text: end

text: of

text: packet

text: is

text: indicated

text: by

text: the

text: transmitter

text: driving

text: bit

text: times

text: of

text: D+

text: and

text: D−

text: both

text: below

text: max

text: and

text: bit

text: time

text: of

text: J

text: state

text: After

text: this

text: the

text: transmitter

text: ceases

text: to

text: drive

text: the

text: D+/D−

text: lines

text: and

text: the

text: aforementioned

text: pull

text: up

text: resistors

text: hold

text: it

text: in

text: the

text: J

text: idle

text: state

text: Sometimes

text: skew

text: due

text: to

text: hubs

text: can

text: add

text: as

text: much

text: as

text: one

text: bit

text: time

text: before

text: the

text: of

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: packet

text: This

text: extra

text: bit

text: can

text: also

text: result

text: in

text: a

text: bit

text: stuff

text: violation

text: if

text: the

text: six

text: bits

text: before

text: it

text: in

text: the

text: CRC

text: are

text: This

text: bit

text: should

text: be

text: ignored

text: by

text: receiver

question: What is a USB packet's end called?

answer: EOP (end-of-packet)

text: EOP (end-of-packet)

question: What can skew due to hubs add?

answer: as much as one bit time before the SE0 of the end of packet

text: as much as one bit time before the SE0 of the end of packet

question: What can this extra bit result in?

answer: "bit stuff violation

text: "bit stuff violation


text: South Tucson is actually the name of an independent, incorporated town of 1 sq mi (2.6 km2), completely surrounded by the city of Tucson, sitting just south of downtown. South Tucson has a colorful, dynamic history. It was first incorporated in 1936, and later reincorporated in 1940. The population consists of about 83% Mexican-American and 10% Native American residents. South Tucson is widely known for its many Mexican restaurants and the architectural styles which include bright outdoor murals, many of which have been painted over due to city policy.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: South

text: Tucson

text: is

text: actually

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: an

text: independent

text: incorporated

text: town

text: of

text: sq

text: mi

text: completely

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Tucson

text: sitting

text: just

text: south

text: of

text: downtown

text: South

text: Tucson

text: has

text: a

text: colorful

text: dynamic

text: history

text: It

text: was

text: first

text: incorporated

text: in

text: and

text: later

text: reincorporated

text: in

text: The

text: population

text: consists

text: of

text: about

text: Mexican

text: American

text: and

text: Native

text: American

text: residents

text: South

text: Tucson

text: is

text: widely

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: many

text: Mexican

text: restaurants

text: and

text: the

text: architectural

text: styles

text: which

text: include

text: bright

text: outdoor

text: murals

text: many

text: of

text: which

text: have

text: been

text: painted

text: over

text: due

text: to

text: city

text: policy

question: What is the percentage of Native Americans in South Tuscon?

answer: 10%

question: What kind of restaurants are widely known in South Tuscon?

answer: Mexican

text: Mexican

question: What are painted do to city policy?

answer: outdoor murals

text: outdoor murals

question: What percentage of the South Tuscon Population is Mexican-American?

answer: 83%

question: What year was South Tuscon reincorperated?

answer: 1940

question: When was South Tucson first incorporated?

answer: 1936

question: When was South Tucson reincorporated?

answer: 1940

question: How large is South Tucson?

answer: 1 sq mi (2.6 km2)

text: 1 sq mi (2.6 km2)

question: How much of South Tucson is Mexican-American?

answer: 83%

question: How much of South Tucson is Native American?

answer: 10%


text: Civil strife in the early 1990s greatly increased the size of the Somali diaspora, as many of the best educated Somalis left for the Middle East, Europe and North America. In Canada, the cities of Toronto, Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Vancouver, Winnipeg and Hamilton all harbor Somali populations. Statistics Canada's 2006 census ranks people of Somali descent as the 69th largest ethnic group in Canada.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: Civil

text: strife

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: greatly

text: increased

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: the

text: Somali

text: diaspora

text: as

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: educated

text: Somalis

text: left

text: for

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: Europe

text: and

text: North

text: America

text: In

text: Canada

text: the

text: cities

text: of

text: Toronto

text: Ottawa

text: Calgary

text: Edmonton

text: Montreal

text: Vancouver

text: Winnipeg

text: and

text: Hamilton

text: all

text: harbor

text: Somali

text: populations

text: Statistics

text: Canada

text: 's

text: census

text: ranks

text: people

text: of

text: Somali

text: descent

text: as

text: the

text: largest

text: ethnic

text: group

text: in

text: Canada

question: What led to an increase in the number of Somalis leaving the country?

answer: Civil strife

text: Civil strife

question: Along with the Middle East and North America, to what continent did the Somali diaspora go in the 1990s?

answer: Europe

text: Europe

question: Along with Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Winnipeg, Hamilton and Vancouver, what Canadian city has a significant Somali population?

answer: Toronto

text: Toronto

question: As of 2006, where did Somalis rank in terms of population by ethnicity in Canada?

answer: 69th


text: The national economy grew significantly through agrarian reform, major modernization projects such as the Helwan steel works and the Aswan Dam, and nationalization schemes such as that of the Suez Canal. However, the marked economic growth of the early 1960s took a downturn for the remainder of the decade, only recovering in 1970. Egypt experienced a "golden age" of culture during Nasser's presidency, according to historian Joel Gordon, particularly in film, television, theater, radio, literature, fine arts, comedy, poetry, and music. Egypt under Nasser dominated the Arab world in these fields, producing cultural icons.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: The

text: national

text: economy

text: grew

text: significantly

text: through

text: agrarian

text: reform

text: major

text: modernization

text: projects

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Helwan

text: steel

text: works

text: and

text: the

text: Aswan

text: Dam

text: and

text: nationalization

text: schemes

text: such

text: as

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: However

text: the

text: marked

text: economic

text: growth

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: took

text: a

text: downturn

text: for

text: the

text: remainder

text: of

text: the

text: decade

text: only

text: recovering

text: in

text: Egypt

text: experienced

text: a

text: golden

text: age

text: of

text: culture

text: during

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: presidency

text: according

text: to

text: historian

text: Joel

text: Gordon

text: particularly

text: in

text: film

text: television

text: theater

text: radio

text: literature

text: fine

text: arts

text: comedy

text: poetry

text: and

text: music

text: Egypt

text: under

text: Nasser

text: dominated

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: in

text: these

text: fields

text: producing

text: cultural

text: icons

question: What reform, initiated by Nasser, caused the Egyptian economy to grow?

answer: agrarian

text: agrarian

question: What are two infrastructure projects Nasser embarked on?

answer: Helwan steel works and the Aswan Dam

text: Helwan steel works and the Aswan Dam

question: How was Egyptian culture under Nasser refered to?

answer: golden age

text: golden age

question: What was the most prominent thing Nasser nationalized?

answer: Suez Canal

text: Suez Canal


text: The Encyclopædia Britannica defines the Near East as including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, the West Bank, and Yemen. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations defines the region similarly, but also includes Afghanistan while excluding the countries of North Africa and the Palestinian territories. According to the National Geographic Society, the terms Near East and Middle East denote the same territories and are 'generally accepted as comprising the countries of the Arabian Peninsula, Cyprus, Egypt, Iraq, Iran, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinian territories, Syria, and Turkey'.

title: Near_East

title: Near_East

text: The

text: Encyclopædia

text: Britannica

text: defines

text: the

text: Near

text: East

text: as

text: including

text: Armenia

text: Azerbaijan

text: Bahrain

text: Cyprus

text: Egypt

text: Georgia

text: Iran

text: Iraq

text: Israel

text: Jordan

text: Kuwait

text: Lebanon

text: Libya

text: Oman

text: Palestine

text: Qatar

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: Sudan

text: Syria

text: Turkey

text: the

text: United

text: Arab

text: Emirates

text: the

text: West

text: Bank

text: and

text: Yemen

text: The

text: Food

text: and

text: Agriculture

text: Organization

text: FAO

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: defines

text: the

text: region

text: similarly

text: but

text: also

text: includes

text: Afghanistan

text: while

text: excluding

text: the

text: countries

text: of

text: North

text: Africa

text: and

text: the

text: Palestinian

text: territories

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: National

text: Geographic

text: Society

text: the

text: terms

text: Near

text: East

text: and

text: Middle

text: East

text: denote

text: the

text: same

text: territories

text: and

text: are

text: generally

text: accepted

text: as

text: comprising

text: the

text: countries

text: of

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Peninsula

text: Cyprus

text: Egypt

text: Iraq

text: Iran

text: Israel

text: Jordan

text: Lebanon

text: Palestinian

text: territories

text: Syria

text: and

text: Turkey

question: Who defines the Near East as including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Cyprus, Egypt. Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Isreal, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, Turkey, the United Arab Emirates, the West Bank, and Yemen?

answer: The Encyclopædia Britannica

text: The Encyclopædia Britannica

question: The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations also includes what Country in the definition of Near East?

answer: Afghanistan

text: Afghanistan

question: What group believes the terms Near East and Middle East denote the same territories?

answer: the National Geographic Society

text: the National Geographic Society


text: The character of New York's large residential districts is often defined by the elegant brownstone rowhouses and townhouses and shabby tenements that were built during a period of rapid expansion from 1870 to 1930. In contrast, New York City also has neighborhoods that are less densely populated and feature free-standing dwellings. In neighborhoods such as Riverdale (in the Bronx), Ditmas Park (in Brooklyn), and Douglaston (in Queens), large single-family homes are common in various architectural styles such as Tudor Revival and Victorian.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: The

text: character

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: 's

text: large

text: residential

text: districts

text: is

text: often

text: defined

text: by

text: the

text: elegant

text: brownstone

text: rowhouses

text: and

text: townhouses

text: and

text: shabby

text: tenements

text: that

text: were

text: built

text: during

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: rapid

text: expansion

text: from

text: to

text: In

text: contrast

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: also

text: has

text: neighborhoods

text: that

text: are

text: less

text: densely

text: populated

text: and

text: feature

text: free

text: standing

text: dwellings

text: In

text: neighborhoods

text: such

text: as

text: Riverdale

text: in

text: the

text: Bronx

text: Ditmas

text: Park

text: in

text: Brooklyn

text: and

text: Douglaston

text: in

text: Queens

text: large

text: single

text: family

text: homes

text: are

text: common

text: in

text: various

text: architectural

text: styles

text: such

text: as

text: Tudor

text: Revival

text: and

text: Victorian

question: In what borough is the Riverdale neighborhood located?

answer: the Bronx

text: the Bronx

question: In what borough is the Ditmas Park neighborhood located?

answer: Brooklyn

text: Brooklyn

question: In what borough is the Douglaston neighborhood located?

answer: Queens

text: Queens

question: Brownstone rowhouse construction is most often associated with the period beginning in 1870 and ending in what year?

answer: 1930

question: Along with Tudor Revival, what is a common architectural style of single-family houses in New York?

answer: Victorian

text: Victorian

question: What type of housing structure makes up most of the large residential districts of NYC?

answer: brownstone rowhouses

text: brownstone rowhouses


text: GE has said that it will invest $1.4 billion in clean technology research and development in 2008 as part of its Ecomagination initiative. As of October 2008, the scheme had resulted in 70 green products being brought to market, ranging from halogen lamps to biogas engines. In 2007, GE raised the annual revenue target for its Ecomagination initiative from $20 billion in 2010 to $25 billion following positive market response to its new product lines. In 2010, GE continued to raise its investment by adding $10 billion into Ecomagination over the next five years.

title: General_Electric

title: General_Electric

text: GE

text: has

text: said

text: that

text: it

text: will

text: invest

text: billion

text: in

text: clean

text: technology

text: research

text: and

text: development

text: in

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: its

text: Ecomagination

text: initiative

text: As

text: of

text: October

text: the

text: scheme

text: had

text: resulted

text: in

text: green

text: products

text: being

text: brought

text: to

text: market

text: ranging

text: from

text: halogen

text: lamps

text: to

text: biogas

text: engines

text: In

text: GE

text: raised

text: the

text: annual

text: revenue

text: target

text: for

text: its

text: Ecomagination

text: initiative

text: from

text: billion

text: in

text: to

text: billion

text: following

text: positive

text: market

text: response

text: to

text: its

text: new

text: product

text: lines

text: In

text: GE

text: continued

text: to

text: raise

text: its

text: investment

text: by

text: adding

text: billion

text: into

text: Ecomagination

text: over

text: the

text: next

text: five

text: years

question: How much money has GE said it will invest in 2008 for clean technology R&D?

answer: $1.4 billion

text: $1.4 billion

question: How many green products did GE bring to market via its Ecoimagination program as of October 2008?

answer: 70

question: What was GE's new revenue target for its Ecoimagination program in 2010?

answer: $25 billion

text: $25 billion

question: What type of lamp was introduced by GE as part of its Ecoimagination initiative?

answer: halogen

text: halogen

question: What type of engine did GE bring to market as part of its Ecoimagination project?

answer: biogas

text: biogas

question: In what year was the Ecomagination initiative introduced by GE?

question: How much did GE spend on its Ecomagination initiative in 2009?

text: $1.4 billion

question: How many green products did GE bring onto the market in 2009?

question: What were the number of green products released onto the market by GE in 2010?

question: How much did GE invest in it Ecomagination initiative in 2016?

text: $10 billion


text: Education is free and compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16  The island has three primary schools for students of age 4 to 11: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s. Prince Andrew School provides secondary education for students aged 11 to 18. At the beginning of the academic year 2009-10, 230 students were enrolled in primary school and 286 in secondary school.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: Education

text: is

text: free

text: and

text: compulsory

text: between

text: the

text: ages

text: of

text: and

text: The

text: island

text: has

text: three

text: primary

text: schools

text: for

text: students

text: of

text: age

text: to

text: Harford

text: Pilling

text: and

text: St

text: Paul

text: ’s

text: Prince

text: Andrew

text: School

text: provides

text: secondary

text: education

text: for

text: students

text: aged

text: to

text: At

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: academic

text: year

text: students

text: were

text: enrolled

text: in

text: primary

text: school

text: and

text: in

text: secondary

text: school

question: How many primary schools does the island have?

answer: 3

question: What are the 3 primary schools called?

answer: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s

text: Harford, Pilling, and St Paul’s

question: What is the name of the secondary school for the island?

answer: Prince Andrew School

text: Prince Andrew School

question: How many students were enrolled in primary school in 2010?

answer: 230


text: Christianity is the predominant religion of Switzerland (about 71% of resident population and 75% of Swiss citizens), divided between the Catholic Church (38.21% of the population), the Swiss Reformed Church (26.93%), further Protestant churches (2.89%) and other Christian denominations (2.79%). There has been a recent rise in Evangelicalism. Immigration has brought Islam (4.95%) and Eastern Orthodoxy (around 2%) as sizeable minority religions. According to a 2015 poll by Gallup International, 12% of Swiss people self-identified as "convinced atheists."

title: Switzerland

title: Switzerland

text: Christianity

text: is

text: the

text: predominant

text: religion

text: of

text: Switzerland

text: about

text: of

text: resident

text: population

text: and

text: of

text: Swiss

text: citizens

text: divided

text: between

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: the

text: Swiss

text: Reformed

text: Church

text: further

text: Protestant

text: churches

text: and

text: other

text: Christian

text: denominations

text: There

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: recent

text: rise

text: in

text: Evangelicalism

text: Immigration

text: has

text: brought

text: Islam

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Orthodoxy

text: around

text: as

text: sizeable

text: minority

text: religions

text: According

text: to

text: a

text: poll

text: by

text: Gallup

text: International

text: of

text: Swiss

text: people

text: self

text: identified

text: as

text: convinced

text: atheists

question: What is the predominant religion of Switzerland?

answer: Christianity

text: Christianity

question: What religion has immigration brought by 4.95%?

answer: Islam

text: Islam

question: What religion has immigration brought by 2%?

answer: Eastern Orthodoxy

text: Eastern Orthodoxy

question: According to a 2015 Gallup Poll, what percentage of Swiss people are convinced atheists?

answer: 12%

question: What percentage of the Christian population is Catholic?

answer: 38.21%


text: Uranium-238 is the most stable isotope of uranium, with a half-life of about 4.468×109 years, roughly the age of the Earth. Uranium-235 has a half-life of about 7.13×108 years, and uranium-234 has a half-life of about 2.48×105 years. For natural uranium, about 49% of its alpha rays are emitted by each of 238U atom, and also 49% by 234U (since the latter is formed from the former) and about 2.0% of them by the 235U. When the Earth was young, probably about one-fifth of its uranium was uranium-235, but the percentage of 234U was probably much lower than this.

title: Uranium

title: Uranium

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: stable

text: isotope

text: of

text: uranium

text: with

text: a

text: half

text: life

text: of

text: about

text: years

text: roughly

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: has

text: a

text: half

text: life

text: of

text: about

text: years

text: and

text: has

text: a

text: half

text: life

text: of

text: about

text: years

text: For

text: natural

text: uranium

text: about

text: of

text: its

text: alpha

text: rays

text: are

text: emitted

text: by

text: each

text: of

text: atom

text: and

text: also

text: by

text: since

text: the

text: latter

text: is

text: formed

text: from

text: the

text: former

text: and

text: about

text: of

text: them

text: by

text: the

text: When

text: the

text: Earth

text: was

text: young

text: probably

text: about

text: one

text: fifth

text: of

text: its

text: uranium

text: was

text: but

text: the

text: percentage

text: of

text: was

text: probably

text: much

text: lower

text: than

text: this

question: What isotope of uranium has the most stability?

answer: Uranium-238

question: About how old is the Earth?

answer: 4.468×109 years

text: 4.468×109 years

question: What is the half-life of uranium-234?

answer: 2.48×105 years

text: 2.48×105 years

question: What fraction of the Earth's uranium was uranium-235 during the Earth's youth?

answer: one-fifth

text: one-fifth

question: What percentage of the alpha rays of natural uranium are emitted by 234U?

answer: 49%

question: What isotope of uranium has the least stability?

question: About how gold is the Earth?

text: 4.468×109 years

question: What is the full-life of uranium-234?

text: 2.48×105 years

question: What fraction of the Earth's uranium was uranium-237 during the Earth's youth?

text: one-fifth

question: What percentage of the gamma rays of natural uranium are emitted by 234U?


text: Double deck elevators are used in the Taipei 101 office tower. Tenants of even-numbered floors first take an escalator (or an elevator from the parking garage) to the 2nd level, where they will enter the upper deck and arrive at their floors. The lower deck is turned off during low-volume hours, and the upper deck can act as a single-level elevator stopping at all adjacent floors. For example, the 85th floor restaurants can be accessed from the 60th floor sky-lobby. Restaurant customers must clear their reservations at the reception counter on the 2nd floor. A bank of express elevators stop only on the sky lobby levels (36 and 60, upper-deck car), where tenants can transfer to "local" elevators.

title: Elevator

title: Elevator

text: Double

text: deck

text: elevators

text: are

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: Taipei

text: office

text: tower

text: Tenants

text: of

text: even

text: numbered

text: floors

text: first

text: take

text: an

text: escalator

text: or

text: an

text: elevator

text: from

text: the

text: parking

text: garage

text: to

text: the

text: level

text: where

text: they

text: will

text: enter

text: the

text: upper

text: deck

text: and

text: arrive

text: at

text: their

text: floors

text: The

text: lower

text: deck

text: is

text: turned

text: off

text: during

text: low

text: volume

text: hours

text: and

text: the

text: upper

text: deck

text: can

text: act

text: as

text: a

text: single

text: level

text: elevator

text: stopping

text: at

text: all

text: adjacent

text: floors

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: floor

text: restaurants

text: can

text: be

text: accessed

text: from

text: the

text: floor

text: sky

text: lobby

text: Restaurant

text: customers

text: must

text: clear

text: their

text: reservations

text: at

text: the

text: reception

text: counter

text: on

text: the

text: floor

text: A

text: bank

text: of

text: express

text: elevators

text: stop

text: only

text: on

text: the

text: sky

text: lobby

text: levels

text: and

text: upper

text: deck

text: car

text: where

text: tenants

text: can

text: transfer

text: to

text: local

text: elevators

question: What type of elevators are used in the Taipei 101 office tower?

answer: Double deck elevators

text: Double deck elevators

question: During what hours is the lower deck turned off?

answer: low-volume hours

text: low-volume hours

question: During the low volume hours, what can the upper deck function as?

answer: a single-level elevator stopping at all adjacent floors

text: a single-level elevator stopping at all adjacent floors

question: On what floor must restaurant customers clear their reservations?

answer: at the reception counter on the 2nd floor

text: at the reception counter on the 2nd floor

question: What levels make up the "sky lobby"?

answer: 36 and 60, upper-deck car

text: 36 and 60, upper-deck car


text: At the start of her reign Victoria was popular, but her reputation suffered in an 1839 court intrigue when one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting, Lady Flora Hastings, developed an abdominal growth that was widely rumoured to be an out-of-wedlock pregnancy by Sir John Conroy. Victoria believed the rumours. She hated Conroy, and despised "that odious Lady Flora", because she had conspired with Conroy and the Duchess of Kent in the Kensington System. At first, Lady Flora refused to submit to a naked medical examination, until in mid-February she eventually agreed, and was found to be a virgin. Conroy, the Hastings family and the opposition Tories organised a press campaign implicating the Queen in the spreading of false rumours about Lady Flora. When Lady Flora died in July, the post-mortem revealed a large tumour on her liver that had distended her abdomen. At public appearances, Victoria was hissed and jeered as "Mrs. Melbourne".

title: Queen_Victoria

title: Queen_Victoria

text: At

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: her

text: reign

text: Victoria

text: was

text: popular

text: but

text: her

text: reputation

text: suffered

text: in

text: an

text: court

text: intrigue

text: when

text: one

text: of

text: her

text: mother

text: 's

text: ladies

text: in

text: waiting

text: Lady

text: Flora

text: Hastings

text: developed

text: an

text: abdominal

text: growth

text: that

text: was

text: widely

text: rumoured

text: to

text: be

text: an

text: out

text: of

text: wedlock

text: pregnancy

text: by

text: Sir

text: John

text: Conroy

text: Victoria

text: believed

text: the

text: rumours

text: She

text: hated

text: Conroy

text: and

text: despised

text: that

text: odious

text: Lady

text: Flora

text: because

text: she

text: had

text: conspired

text: with

text: Conroy

text: and

text: the

text: Duchess

text: of

text: Kent

text: in

text: the

text: Kensington

text: System

text: At

text: first

text: Lady

text: Flora

text: refused

text: to

text: submit

text: to

text: a

text: naked

text: medical

text: examination

text: until

text: in

text: mid

text: February

text: she

text: eventually

text: agreed

text: and

text: was

text: found

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: virgin

text: Conroy

text: the

text: Hastings

text: family

text: and

text: the

text: opposition

text: Tories

text: organised

text: a

text: press

text: campaign

text: implicating

text: the

text: Queen

text: in

text: the

text: spreading

text: of

text: false

text: rumours

text: about

text: Lady

text: Flora

text: When

text: Lady

text: Flora

text: died

text: in

text: July

text: the

text: post

text: mortem

text: revealed

text: a

text: large

text: tumour

text: on

text: her

text: liver

text: that

text: had

text: distended

text: her

text: abdomen

text: At

text: public

text: appearances

text: Victoria

text: was

text: hissed

text: and

text: jeered

text: as

text: Mrs.

text: Melbourne

question: What year did Victorias reputation begin to suffer?

answer: 1839

question: What was the job of lady Flora Hastings in Victorias household?

answer: one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting

text: one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting

question: What health issue did Flora hastings develope that began to ruin Victorias reputation?

answer: an abdominal growth

text: an abdominal growth

question: What was Flora hastings abdominal growth rumored to be?

answer: an out-of-wedlock pregnancy

text: an out-of-wedlock pregnancy

question: Who was rumored to be the father of Flora Hastings "pregnancy"?

answer: Sir John Conroy

text: Sir John Conroy

question: What lady in waiting was at the heart of a 1839 court scandal?

answer: Lady Flora Hastings

text: Lady Flora Hastings

question: What was the cause of Lady Flora's death in July?

answer: large tumour on her liver

text: large tumour on her liver

question: With whom did Lady Flora consipire against Queen Victoria?

answer: Conroy and the Duchess of Kent

text: Conroy and the Duchess of Kent

question: What was Queen Victoria called after Lady Flora's death due?

answer: Mrs. Melbourne

text: Mrs. Melbourne

question: Who, in Victoria's court, was accused of having a pregnancy outside of mariage?

answer: one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting, Lady Flora Hastings

text: one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting, Lady Flora Hastings

question: Who was believed to be the father of Lady Flor's "baby"?

answer: Sir John Conroy

text: Sir John Conroy

question: What did Victoria think of Lady Flora?

answer: despised

text: despised

question: Why did Victoria hate Sir Conroy and Lady Flora?

answer: the Kensington System

text: the Kensington System

question: What was actually the cause of Lady Flora's "pregnancy"?

answer: large tumour on her liver that had distended her abdomen

text: large tumour on her liver that had distended her abdomen

question: What year did Victorias reputation begin to recover?

question: What was the job of sir Flora Hastings in Victorias household?

text: one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting

question: What health issue did Flora hastings develop that began to help Victorias reputation?

text: an abdominal growth

question: What wasn't Flora hastings abdominal growth rumored to be?

text: an out-of-wedlock pregnancy

question: Who was rumored to be the mother of Flora Hastings "pregnancy"?

text: Sir John Conroy


text: On April 18, 1985, a few months after taking his Senate seat, Kerry and Senator Tom Harkin of Iowa traveled to Nicaragua and met the country's president, Daniel Ortega. Though Ortega had won internationally certified elections, the trip was criticized because Ortega and his leftist Sandinista government had strong ties to Cuba and the USSR and were accused of human rights abuses. The Sandinista government was opposed by the right-wing CIA-backed rebels known as the Contras. While in Nicaragua, Kerry and Harkin talked to people on both sides of the conflict. Through the senators, Ortega offered a cease-fire agreement in exchange for the U.S. dropping support of the Contras. The offer was denounced by the Reagan administration as a "propaganda initiative" designed to influence a House vote on a $14 million Contra aid package, but Kerry said "I am willing..... to take the risk in the effort to put to test the good faith of the Sandinistas." The House voted down the Contra aid, but Ortega flew to Moscow to accept a $200 million loan the next day, which in part prompted the House to pass a larger $27 million aid package six weeks later.

title: John_Kerry

title: John_Kerry

text: On

text: April

text: a

text: few

text: months

text: after

text: taking

text: his

text: Senate

text: seat

text: Kerry

text: and

text: Senator

text: Tom

text: Harkin

text: of

text: Iowa

text: traveled

text: to

text: Nicaragua

text: and

text: met

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: president

text: Daniel

text: Ortega

text: Though

text: Ortega

text: had

text: won

text: internationally

text: certified

text: elections

text: the

text: trip

text: was

text: criticized

text: because

text: Ortega

text: and

text: his

text: leftist

text: Sandinista

text: government

text: had

text: strong

text: ties

text: to

text: Cuba

text: and

text: the

text: USSR

text: and

text: were

text: accused

text: of

text: human

text: rights

text: abuses

text: The

text: Sandinista

text: government

text: was

text: opposed

text: by

text: the

text: right

text: wing

text: CIA

text: backed

text: rebels

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Contras

text: While

text: in

text: Nicaragua

text: Kerry

text: and

text: Harkin

text: talked

text: to

text: people

text: on

text: both

text: sides

text: of

text: the

text: conflict

text: Through

text: the

text: senators

text: Ortega

text: offered

text: a

text: cease

text: fire

text: agreement

text: in

text: exchange

text: for

text: the

text: U.S.

text: dropping

text: support

text: of

text: the

text: Contras

text: The

text: offer

text: was

text: denounced

text: by

text: the

text: Reagan

text: administration

text: as

text: a

text: propaganda

text: initiative

text: designed

text: to

text: influence

text: a

text: House

text: vote

text: on

text: a

text: million

text: Contra

text: aid

text: package

text: but

text: Kerry

text: said

text: I

text: am

text: willing

text: to

text: take

text: the

text: risk

text: in

text: the

text: effort

text: to

text: put

text: to

text: test

text: the

text: good

text: faith

text: of

text: the

text: Sandinistas

text: The

text: House

text: voted

text: down

text: the

text: Contra

text: aid

text: but

text: Ortega

text: flew

text: to

text: Moscow

text: to

text: accept

text: a

text: million

text: loan

text: the

text: next

text: day

text: which

text: in

text: part

text: prompted

text: the

text: House

text: to

text: pass

text: a

text: larger

text: million

text: aid

text: package

text: six

text: weeks

text: later

question: When did Kerry visit Nicaragua?

answer: April 18, 1985

text: April 18, 1985

question: Who did Kerry visit Nicaragua with?

answer: Senator Tom Harkin

text: Senator Tom Harkin

question: Where was Tom Harkin from?

answer: Iowa

text: Iowa

question: Who did Kerry visit in Nicaragua?

answer: Daniel Ortega

text: Daniel Ortega

question: What was criticized about Ortega's administration?

answer: strong ties to Cuba and the USSR and were accused of human rights abuses

text: strong ties to Cuba and the USSR and were accused of human rights abuses


text: But Sebastião de Melo's greatest reforms were economic and financial, with the creation of several companies and guilds to regulate every commercial activity. He demarcated the region for production of Port to ensure the wine's quality, and this was the first attempt to control wine quality and production in Europe. He ruled with a strong hand by imposing strict law upon all classes of Portuguese society from the high nobility to the poorest working class, along with a widespread review of the country's tax system. These reforms gained him enemies in the upper classes, especially among the high nobility, who despised him as a social upstart.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: But

text: Sebastião

text: de

text: Melo

text: 's

text: greatest

text: reforms

text: were

text: economic

text: and

text: financial

text: with

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: several

text: companies

text: and

text: guilds

text: to

text: regulate

text: every

text: commercial

text: activity

text: He

text: demarcated

text: the

text: region

text: for

text: production

text: of

text: Port

text: to

text: ensure

text: the

text: wine

text: 's

text: quality

text: and

text: this

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: attempt

text: to

text: control

text: wine

text: quality

text: and

text: production

text: in

text: Europe

text: He

text: ruled

text: with

text: a

text: strong

text: hand

text: by

text: imposing

text: strict

text: law

text: upon

text: all

text: classes

text: of

text: Portuguese

text: society

text: from

text: the

text: high

text: nobility

text: to

text: the

text: poorest

text: working

text: class

text: along

text: with

text: a

text: widespread

text: review

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: tax

text: system

text: These

text: reforms

text: gained

text: him

text: enemies

text: in

text: the

text: upper

text: classes

text: especially

text: among

text: the

text: high

text: nobility

text: who

text: despised

text: him

text: as

text: a

text: social

text: upstart

question: What were de Melo's greatest reforms?

answer: economic and financial

text: economic and financial

question: Why did e Melo demarcate the region for production of Port?

answer: to ensure the wine's quality

text: to ensure the wine's quality

question: Did de Melo impose strict laws only on one class of people?

answer: upon all classes of Portuguese society from the high nobility to the poorest working class

text: upon all classes of Portuguese society from the high nobility to the poorest working class

question: Among which class did de Melo's reforms gain him the most enemies?

answer: especially among the high nobility

text: especially among the high nobility

question: Who was the first person to try to ensure the wine's quality in Portugal?

answer: Sebastião de Melo

text: Sebastião de Melo


text: Scotland's and Northern Ireland's licensing laws have long been more flexible, allowing local authorities to set pub opening and closing times. In Scotland, this stemmed out of[clarification needed] a late repeal of the wartime licensing laws, which stayed in force until 1976.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: Scotland

text: 's

text: and

text: Northern

text: Ireland

text: 's

text: licensing

text: laws

text: have

text: long

text: been

text: more

text: flexible

text: allowing

text: local

text: authorities

text: to

text: set

text: pub

text: opening

text: and

text: closing

text: times

text: In

text: Scotland

text: this

text: stemmed

text: out

text: of[clarification

text: needed

text: a

text: late

text: repeal

text: of

text: the

text: wartime

text: licensing

text: laws

text: which

text: stayed

text: in

text: force

text: until

question: When were wartime licensing laws ended in Scotland?

answer: 1976

question: What constituent countries of the United Kingdom's licensing laws were notably flexible?

answer: Scotland's and Northern Ireland's

text: Scotland's and Northern Ireland's


text: One philosophical school which has historically had a close relationship with process philosophy is American pragmatism. Whitehead himself thought highly of William James and John Dewey, and acknowledged his indebtedness to them in the preface to Process and Reality. Charles Hartshorne (along with Paul Weiss) edited the collected papers of Charles Sanders Peirce, one of the founders of pragmatism. Noted neopragmatist Richard Rorty was in turn a student of Hartshorne. Today, Nicholas Rescher is one example of a philosopher who advocates both process philosophy and pragmatism.

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

title: Alfred_North_Whitehead

text: One

text: philosophical

text: school

text: which

text: has

text: historically

text: had

text: a

text: close

text: relationship

text: with

text: process

text: philosophy

text: is

text: American

text: pragmatism

text: Whitehead

text: himself

text: thought

text: highly

text: of

text: William

text: James

text: and

text: John

text: Dewey

text: and

text: acknowledged

text: his

text: indebtedness

text: to

text: them

text: in

text: the

text: preface

text: to

text: Process

text: and

text: Reality

text: Charles

text: Hartshorne

text: along

text: with

text: Paul

text: Weiss

text: edited

text: the

text: collected

text: papers

text: of

text: Charles

text: Sanders

text: Peirce

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: founders

text: of

text: pragmatism

text: Noted

text: neopragmatist

text: Richard

text: Rorty

text: was

text: in

text: turn

text: a

text: student

text: of

text: Hartshorne

text: Today

text: Nicholas

text: Rescher

text: is

text: one

text: example

text: of

text: a

text: philosopher

text: who

text: advocates

text: both

text: process

text: philosophy

text: and

text: pragmatism

question: What philosophy is closely related to process philosophy?

answer: American pragmatism

text: American pragmatism

question: What pragmatists did Whitehead acknowledge in the preface to "Process and Reality"?

answer: William James and John Dewey

text: William James and John Dewey

question: What founder of pragmatism's collected papers did Charles Hartshorne ans Paul Weiss edit?

answer: Charles Sanders Peirce

text: Charles Sanders Peirce

question: What important neopragmatist was Harthorne's student?

answer: Richard Rorty

text: Richard Rorty

question: Who is a philosopher that promotes process philosophy and pragmatism currently?

answer: Nicholas Rescher

text: Nicholas Rescher

question: What pragmatists did Whitehead not acknowledge in the preface to "Process and Reality"?

text: William James and John Dewey

question: What founder of pragmatism's collected papers did Charles Hartshorne and Paul Weiss not edit?

text: Charles Sanders Peirce

question: What unimportant neopragmatist was Harthorne's student?

text: Richard Rorty

question: Who is a philosopher that doesn't promote process philosophy and pragmatism currently?

text: Nicholas Rescher