text: The Bologna process has been adopted, since 2006, by Portuguese universities and poly-technical institutes. Higher education in state-run educational establishments is provided on a competitive basis, a system of numerus clausus is enforced through a national database on student admissions. However, every higher education institution offers also a number of additional vacant places through other extraordinary admission processes for sportsmen, mature applicants (over 23 years old), international students, foreign students from the Lusosphere, degree owners from other institutions, students from other institutions (academic transfer), former students (readmission), and course change, which are subject to specific standards and regulations set by each institution or course department. Most student costs are supported with public money. However, with the increasing tuition fees a student has to pay to attend a Portuguese state-run higher education institution and the attraction of new types of students (many as part-time students or in evening classes) like employees, businessmen, parents, and pensioners, many departments make a substantial profit from every additional student enrolled in courses, with benefits for the college or university's gross tuition revenue and without loss of educational quality (teacher per student, computer per student, classroom size per student, etc.).

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: The

text: Bologna

text: process

text: has

text: been

text: adopted

text: since

text: by

text: Portuguese

text: universities

text: and

text: poly

text: technical

text: institutes

text: Higher

text: education

text: in

text: state

text: run

text: educational

text: establishments

text: is

text: provided

text: on

text: a

text: competitive

text: basis

text: a

text: system

text: of

text: numerus

text: clausus

text: is

text: enforced

text: through

text: a

text: national

text: database

text: on

text: student

text: admissions

text: However

text: every

text: higher

text: education

text: institution

text: offers

text: also

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: additional

text: vacant

text: places

text: through

text: other

text: extraordinary

text: admission

text: processes

text: for

text: sportsmen

text: mature

text: applicants

text: over

text: years

text: old

text: international

text: students

text: foreign

text: students

text: from

text: the

text: Lusosphere

text: degree

text: owners

text: from

text: other

text: institutions

text: students

text: from

text: other

text: institutions

text: academic

text: transfer

text: former

text: students

text: readmission

text: and

text: course

text: change

text: which

text: are

text: subject

text: to

text: specific

text: standards

text: and

text: regulations

text: set

text: by

text: each

text: institution

text: or

text: course

text: department

text: Most

text: student

text: costs

text: are

text: supported

text: with

text: public

text: money

text: However

text: with

text: the

text: increasing

text: tuition

text: fees

text: a

text: student

text: has

text: to

text: pay

text: to

text: attend

text: a

text: Portuguese

text: state

text: run

text: higher

text: education

text: institution

text: and

text: the

text: attraction

text: of

text: new

text: types

text: of

text: students

text: many

text: as

text: part

text: time

text: students

text: or

text: in

text: evening

text: classes

text: like

text: employees

text: businessmen

text: parents

text: and

text: pensioners

text: many

text: departments

text: make

text: a

text: substantial

text: profit

text: from

text: every

text: additional

text: student

text: enrolled

text: in

text: courses

text: with

text: benefits

text: for

text: the

text: college

text: or

text: university

text: 's

text: gross

text: tuition

text: revenue

text: and

text: without

text: loss

text: of

text: educational

text: quality

text: teacher

text: per

text: student

text: computer

text: per

text: student

text: classroom

text: size

text: per

text: student

text: etc

question: When was the Bologna process adopted?

answer: 2006

question: What are most higher education student costs supported with?

answer: public money

text: public money

question: Over what age are higher education applicants considered mature?

answer: over 23 years old

text: over 23 years old


text: Unemployment levels are low (31 individuals in 2013, compared to 50 in 2004 and 342 in 1998). Employment is dominated by the public sector, the number of government positions has fallen from 1,142 in 2006 to just over 800 in 2013. St Helena’s private sector employs approximately 45% of the employed labour force and is largely dominated by small and micro businesses with 218 private businesses employing 886 in 2004.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: Unemployment

text: levels

text: are

text: low

text: individuals

text: in

text: compared

text: to

text: in

text: and

text: in

text: Employment

text: is

text: dominated

text: by

text: the

text: public

text: sector

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: government

text: positions

text: has

text: fallen

text: from

text: in

text: to

text: just

text: over

text: in

text: St

text: Helena

text: ’s

text: private

text: sector

text: employs

text: approximately

text: of

text: the

text: employed

text: labour

text: force

text: and

text: is

text: largely

text: dominated

text: by

text: small

text: and

text: micro

text: businesses

text: with

text: private

text: businesses

text: employing

text: in

question: How many individuals were unemployed on the island in 2013?

answer: 31

question: Employment on the island is dominated by what sector?

answer: public

text: public

question: In 2013 the number of government jobs was what?

answer: 800

question: What % of people are employed in the private sector in Saint Helena?

answer: 45

question: How many private businesses employee people on Saint Helena?

answer: 218


text: Subsequent to these developments, Randall Collins (2004) formulated his interaction ritual theory by drawing on Durkheim's work on totemic rituals that was extended by Goffman (1964/2013; 1967) into everyday focused encounters. Based on interaction ritual theory, we experience different levels or intensities of emotional energy during face-to-face interactions. Emotional energy is considered to be a feeling of confidence to take action and a boldness that one experiences when they are charged up from the collective effervescence generated during group gatherings that reach high levels of intensity.

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: Subsequent

text: to

text: these

text: developments

text: Randall

text: Collins

text: formulated

text: his

text: interaction

text: ritual

text: theory

text: by

text: drawing

text: on

text: Durkheim

text: 's

text: work

text: on

text: totemic

text: rituals

text: that

text: was

text: extended

text: by

text: Goffman

text: into

text: everyday

text: focused

text: encounters

text: Based

text: on

text: interaction

text: ritual

text: theory

text: we

text: experience

text: different

text: levels

text: or

text: intensities

text: of

text: emotional

text: energy

text: during

text: face

text: to

text: face

text: interactions

text: Emotional

text: energy

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: feeling

text: of

text: confidence

text: to

text: take

text: action

text: and

text: a

text: boldness

text: that

text: one

text: experiences

text: when

text: they

text: are

text: charged

text: up

text: from

text: the

text: collective

text: effervescence

text: generated

text: during

text: group

text: gatherings

text: that

text: reach

text: high

text: levels

text: of

text: intensity

question: Who came up with the interaction ritual theory?

answer: Randall Collins

text: Randall Collins

question: From what work of Durkheim's was interaction ritual theory derived?

answer: totemic rituals

text: totemic rituals

question: In addition to Durkheim, whose work influenced the development of interaction ritual theory?

answer: Goffman

text: Goffman

question: What is the term for a feeling of confidence to take action?

answer: Emotional energy

text: Emotional energy

question: What is the term for the energy generated during group gatherings, such as totemic rituals?

answer: collective effervescence

text: collective effervescence

question: Who rejected the interaction ritual theory?

text: Randall Collins

question: From what work of Durkheim's wasn't interaction ritual theory derived?

text: totemic rituals

question: In addition to Durkheim, whose work didn't influence the development of interaction ritual theory?

text: Goffman

question: What is the term for a feeling of confidence to not take action?

text: Emotional energy

question: What is the term for the energy not generated during group gatherings, such as totemic rituals?

text: collective effervescence


text: The constitution for independent Swaziland was promulgated by Britain in November 1963 under the terms of which legislative and executive councils were established. This development was opposed by the Swazi National Council (liqoqo). Despite such opposition, elections took place and the first Legislative Council of Swaziland was constituted on 9 September 1964. Changes to the original constitution proposed by the Legislative Council were accepted by Britain and a new constitution providing for a House of Assembly and Senate was drawn up. Elections under this constitution were held in 1967.

title: Swaziland

title: Swaziland

text: The

text: constitution

text: for

text: independent

text: Swaziland

text: was

text: promulgated

text: by

text: Britain

text: in

text: November

text: under

text: the

text: terms

text: of

text: which

text: legislative

text: and

text: executive

text: councils

text: were

text: established

text: This

text: development

text: was

text: opposed

text: by

text: the

text: Swazi

text: National

text: Council

text: liqoqo

text: Despite

text: such

text: opposition

text: elections

text: took

text: place

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: Legislative

text: Council

text: of

text: Swaziland

text: was

text: constituted

text: on

text: September

text: Changes

text: to

text: the

text: original

text: constitution

text: proposed

text: by

text: the

text: Legislative

text: Council

text: were

text: accepted

text: by

text: Britain

text: and

text: a

text: new

text: constitution

text: providing

text: for

text: a

text: House

text: of

text: Assembly

text: and

text: Senate

text: was

text: drawn

text: up

text: Elections

text: under

text: this

text: constitution

text: were

text: held

text: in

question: When did the Swaziland constitution come to be?

answer: November 1963

text: November 1963

question: What is another way to refer to the Swazi National Council?

answer: liqoqo

text: liqoqo

question: When was the Legislative Council of Swaziland first created?

answer: 9 September 1964

text: 9 September 1964

question: When did elections that provided for a House of Assembly for Swaziland occur?

answer: 1967

question: What constitution did Britian put into effect in the 19th century?

question: What established a judicial and executive council in Swaziland?

text: The constitution

question: Who supported the legislative council?

text: Swazi National Council

question: What provided for a House Assembly in 1964?

text: elections


text: Until the 1990s further replays would be played until one team was victorious. Some ties took as many as six matches to settle; in their 1975 campaign, Fulham played a total of 12 games over six rounds, which remains the most games played by a team to reach a final. Replays were traditionally played three or four days after the original game, but from 1991–92 they were staged at least 10 days later on police advice. This led to penalty shoot-outs being introduced, the first of which came on 26 November 1991 when Rotherham United eliminated Scunthorpe United.

title: FA_Cup

title: FA_Cup

text: Until

text: the

text: further

text: replays

text: would

text: be

text: played

text: until

text: one

text: team

text: was

text: victorious

text: Some

text: ties

text: took

text: as

text: many

text: as

text: six

text: matches

text: to

text: settle

text: in

text: their

text: campaign

text: Fulham

text: played

text: a

text: total

text: of

text: games

text: over

text: six

text: rounds

text: which

text: remains

text: the

text: most

text: games

text: played

text: by

text: a

text: team

text: to

text: reach

text: a

text: final

text: Replays

text: were

text: traditionally

text: played

text: three

text: or

text: four

text: days

text: after

text: the

text: original

text: game

text: but

text: from

text: they

text: were

text: staged

text: at

text: least

text: days

text: later

text: on

text: police

text: advice

text: This

text: led

text: to

text: penalty

text: shoot

text: outs

text: being

text: introduced

text: the

text: first

text: of

text: which

text: came

text: on

text: November

text: when

text: Rotherham

text: United

text: eliminated

text: Scunthorpe

text: United

question: Do clubs replay each other?

answer: Until the 1990s further replays would be played until one team was victorious.

text: Until the 1990s further replays would be played until one team was victorious.

question: What is the most games played a team to reach the final?

answer: 12 games over six rounds, which remains the most games played by a team to reach a final

text: 12 games over six rounds, which remains the most games played by a team to reach a final

question: When are replays played?

answer: . Replays were traditionally played three or four days after the original game, but from 1991–92 they were staged at least 10 days later on police advice.

text: . Replays were traditionally played three or four days after the original game, but from 1991–92 they were staged at least 10 days later on police advice.

question: When was the first penalty kick?

answer: penalty shoot-outs being introduced, the first of which came on 26 November 1991

text: penalty shoot-outs being introduced, the first of which came on 26 November 1991

question: What clubs were playing during the first penalty?

answer: Rotherham United eliminated Scunthorpe United.

text: Rotherham United eliminated Scunthorpe United.

question: What is the least amount of games played by a team to reach a final?

question: When did Scunthorpe United eliminate Rotherham United?

text: 26 November 1991

question: When was the last penalty shoot-out?

text: 26 November 1991

question: Why were replays traditionally played three or four days after the original game?

text: on police advice

question: How much did clubs replay each other after the 1990s?

text: until one team was victorious


text: Arabic dialects are the most widely spoken languages in the Sahara. The live in the Red Sea Hills of southeastern Egypt and eastern Sudan. Arabic, Berber and its variants now regrouped under the term Amazigh (which includes the Guanche language spoken by the original Berber inhabitants of the Canary Islands) and Beja languages are part of the Afro-Asiatic or Hamito-Semitic family.[citation needed] Unlike neighboring West Africa and the central governments of the states that comprise the Sahara, the French language bears little relevance to inter-personal discourse and commerce within the region, its people retaining staunch ethnic and political affiliations with Tuareg and Berber leaders and culture. The legacy of the French colonial era administration is primarily manifested in the territorial reorganization enacted by the Third and Fourth republics, which engendered artificial political divisions within a hitherto isolated and porous region. Diplomacy with local clients was primarily conducted in Arabic, which was the traditional language of bureaucratic affairs. Mediation of disputes and inter-agency communication was served by interpreters contracted by the French government, who, according to Keenan, "documented a space of intercultural mediation," contributing much to preserving indigenous cultural identities in the region.

title: Sahara

title: Sahara

text: Arabic

text: dialects

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: spoken

text: languages

text: in

text: the

text: Sahara

text: The

text: live

text: in

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: Hills

text: of

text: southeastern

text: Egypt

text: and

text: eastern

text: Sudan

text: Arabic

text: Berber

text: and

text: its

text: variants

text: now

text: regrouped

text: under

text: the

text: term

text: Amazigh

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: Guanche

text: language

text: spoken

text: by

text: the

text: original

text: Berber

text: inhabitants

text: of

text: the

text: Canary

text: Islands

text: and

text: Beja

text: languages

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Afro

text: Asiatic

text: or

text: Hamito

text: Semitic

text: family.[citation

text: needed

text: Unlike

text: neighboring

text: West

text: Africa

text: and

text: the

text: central

text: governments

text: of

text: the

text: states

text: that

text: comprise

text: the

text: Sahara

text: the

text: French

text: language

text: bears

text: little

text: relevance

text: to

text: inter

text: personal

text: discourse

text: and

text: commerce

text: within

text: the

text: region

text: its

text: people

text: retaining

text: staunch

text: ethnic

text: and

text: political

text: affiliations

text: with

text: Tuareg

text: and

text: Berber

text: leaders

text: and

text: culture

text: The

text: legacy

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: colonial

text: era

text: administration

text: is

text: primarily

text: manifested

text: in

text: the

text: territorial

text: reorganization

text: enacted

text: by

text: the

text: Third

text: and

text: Fourth

text: republics

text: which

text: engendered

text: artificial

text: political

text: divisions

text: within

text: a

text: hitherto

text: isolated

text: and

text: porous

text: region

text: Diplomacy

text: with

text: local

text: clients

text: was

text: primarily

text: conducted

text: in

text: Arabic

text: which

text: was

text: the

text: traditional

text: language

text: of

text: bureaucratic

text: affairs

text: Mediation

text: of

text: disputes

text: and

text: inter

text: agency

text: communication

text: was

text: served

text: by

text: interpreters

text: contracted

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: government

text: who

text: according

text: to

text: Keenan

text: documented

text: a

text: space

text: of

text: intercultural

text: mediation

text: contributing

text: much

text: to

text: preserving

text: indigenous

text: cultural

text: identities

text: in

text: the

text: region

question: What is the most common dialect spoken in the Sahara?

answer: Arabic

text: Arabic

question: What language is mainly spoken in West Africa?

answer: French

text: French

question: What was the traditional language of Bureaucratic affairs?

answer: Arabic

text: Arabic

question: Who originally spoke the Beja language?

question: The French language is under what family?

text: the Afro-Asiatic or Hamito-Semitic

question: Who does Keenan work for?

text: the French government

question: What aspects of life is the French language important to?

question: What role did Tuareg and Berber leaders play in the Third and Fourth republics?


text: Damage to a German steel facility occurred during a DST transition in 1993, when a computer timing system linked to a radio time synchronization signal allowed molten steel to cool for one hour less than the required duration, resulting in spattering of molten steel when it was poured. Medical devices may generate adverse events that could harm patients, without being obvious to clinicians responsible for care. These problems are compounded when the DST rules themselves change; software developers must test and perhaps modify many programs, and users must install updates and restart applications. Consumers must update devices such as programmable thermostats with the correct DST rules, or manually adjust the devices' clocks. A common strategy to resolve these problems in computer systems is to express time using the Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) rather than the local time zone. For example, Unix-based computer systems use the UTC-based Unix time internally.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: Damage

text: to

text: a

text: German

text: steel

text: facility

text: occurred

text: during

text: a

text: DST

text: transition

text: in

text: when

text: a

text: computer

text: timing

text: system

text: linked

text: to

text: a

text: radio

text: time

text: synchronization

text: signal

text: allowed

text: molten

text: steel

text: to

text: cool

text: for

text: one

text: hour

text: less

text: than

text: the

text: required

text: duration

text: resulting

text: in

text: spattering

text: of

text: molten

text: steel

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: poured

text: Medical

text: devices

text: may

text: generate

text: adverse

text: events

text: that

text: could

text: harm

text: patients

text: without

text: being

text: obvious

text: to

text: clinicians

text: responsible

text: for

text: care

text: These

text: problems

text: are

text: compounded

text: when

text: the

text: DST

text: rules

text: themselves

text: change

text: software

text: developers

text: must

text: test

text: and

text: perhaps

text: modify

text: many

text: programs

text: and

text: users

text: must

text: install

text: updates

text: and

text: restart

text: applications

text: Consumers

text: must

text: update

text: devices

text: such

text: as

text: programmable

text: thermostats

text: with

text: the

text: correct

text: DST

text: rules

text: or

text: manually

text: adjust

text: the

text: devices

text: clocks

text: A

text: common

text: strategy

text: to

text: resolve

text: these

text: problems

text: in

text: computer

text: systems

text: is

text: to

text: express

text: time

text: using

text: the

text: Coordinated

text: Universal

text: Time

text: UTC

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: local

text: time

text: zone

text: For

text: example

text: Unix

text: based

text: computer

text: systems

text: use

text: the

text: UTC

text: based

text: Unix

text: time

text: internally

question: What year did an accident occur at a German facility with molten steel because of the change to DST?

answer: 1993

question: For how much more time was the molten steel supposed to cool when the computer mix-up happened in the German steel facility?

answer: one hour

text: one hour

question: Who is responsible for testing and even making changing to computer programs when daylight saving rules change?

answer: software developers

text: software developers

question: What time system do some computer systems use to avoid the issues of changes in local time?

answer: Coordinated Universal Time

text: Coordinated Universal Time

question: What type of computer systems use an internal clock based on UTC time?

answer: Unix-based

text: Unix-based


text: Gellius says that in his day humanitas is commonly used as a synonym for philanthropy – or kindness and benevolence toward one's fellow human being. Gellius maintains that this common usage is wrong, and that model writers of Latin, such as Cicero and others, used the word only to mean what we might call "humane" or "polite" learning, or the Greek equivalent Paideia. Gellius became a favorite author in the Italian Renaissance, and, in fifteenth-century Italy, teachers and scholars of philosophy, poetry, and rhetoric were called and called themselves "humanists". Modern scholars, however, point out that Cicero (106 – 43 BCE), who was most responsible for defining and popularizing the term humanitas, in fact frequently used the word in both senses, as did his near contemporaries. For Cicero, a lawyer, what most distinguished humans from brutes was speech, which, allied to reason, could (and should) enable them to settle disputes and live together in concord and harmony under the rule of law. Thus humanitas included two meanings from the outset and these continue in the modern derivative, humanism, which even today can refer to both humanitarian benevolence and to scholarship.

title: Humanism

title: Humanism

text: Gellius

text: says

text: that

text: in

text: his

text: day

text: humanitas

text: is

text: commonly

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: synonym

text: for

text: philanthropy

text: or

text: kindness

text: and

text: benevolence

text: toward

text: one

text: 's

text: fellow

text: human

text: being

text: Gellius

text: maintains

text: that

text: this

text: common

text: usage

text: is

text: wrong

text: and

text: that

text: model

text: writers

text: of

text: Latin

text: such

text: as

text: Cicero

text: and

text: others

text: used

text: the

text: word

text: only

text: to

text: mean

text: what

text: we

text: might

text: call

text: humane

text: or

text: polite

text: learning

text: or

text: the

text: Greek

text: equivalent

text: Paideia

text: Gellius

text: became

text: a

text: favorite

text: author

text: in

text: the

text: Italian

text: Renaissance

text: and

text: in

text: fifteenth

text: century

text: Italy

text: teachers

text: and

text: scholars

text: of

text: philosophy

text: poetry

text: and

text: rhetoric

text: were

text: called

text: and

text: called

text: themselves

text: humanists

text: Modern

text: scholars

text: however

text: point

text: out

text: that

text: Cicero

text: BCE

text: who

text: was

text: most

text: responsible

text: for

text: defining

text: and

text: popularizing

text: the

text: term

text: humanitas

text: in

text: fact

text: frequently

text: used

text: the

text: word

text: in

text: both

text: senses

text: as

text: did

text: his

text: near

text: contemporaries

text: For

text: Cicero

text: a

text: lawyer

text: what

text: most

text: distinguished

text: humans

text: from

text: brutes

text: was

text: speech

text: which

text: allied

text: to

text: reason

text: could

text: and

text: should

text: enable

text: them

text: to

text: settle

text: disputes

text: and

text: live

text: together

text: in

text: concord

text: and

text: harmony

text: under

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: Thus

text: humanitas

text: included

text: two

text: meanings

text: from

text: the

text: outset

text: and

text: these

text: continue

text: in

text: the

text: modern

text: derivative

text: humanism

text: which

text: even

text: today

text: can

text: refer

text: to

text: both

text: humanitarian

text: benevolence

text: and

text: to

text: scholarship

question: What was humanism once considered the same as?

answer: philanthropy

text: philanthropy

question: Who has disagreed with this connotation of the word?

answer: Gellius

text: Gellius

question: In which period did Gellius gain fame?

answer: Italian Renaissance

text: Italian Renaissance

question: Who is credited with clarifying and making the term humanitas commonplace?

answer: Cicero

text: Cicero

question: What is the characteristic that most separates humans from animals?

answer: speech

text: speech

question: What was humanism once considered worse than?

text: philanthropy

question: Who can't disagree with a connotation of a word?

text: Gellius

question: Which period did Gellius lose fame?

text: Italian Renaissance

question: Who is credited with clarifying and making the term humanitas forbidden?

text: Cicero

question: What is the characteristic that most indicates why humans are the same as robots?

text: speech


text: The apartheid bureaucracy devised complex (and often arbitrary) criteria in the Population Registration Act of 1945 to determine who belonged in which group. Minor officials administered tests to enforce the classifications. When it was unclear from a person's physical appearance whether the individual should be considered Coloured or Black, the "pencil test" was used. A pencil was inserted into a person's hair to determine if the hair was kinky enough to hold the pencil, rather than having it pass through, as it would with smoother hair. If so, the person was classified as Black. Such classifications sometimes divided families.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: The

text: apartheid

text: bureaucracy

text: devised

text: complex

text: and

text: often

text: arbitrary

text: criteria

text: in

text: the

text: Population

text: Registration

text: Act

text: of

text: to

text: determine

text: who

text: belonged

text: in

text: which

text: group

text: Minor

text: officials

text: administered

text: tests

text: to

text: enforce

text: the

text: classifications

text: When

text: it

text: was

text: unclear

text: from

text: a

text: person

text: 's

text: physical

text: appearance

text: whether

text: the

text: individual

text: should

text: be

text: considered

text: Coloured

text: or

text: Black

text: the

text: pencil

text: test

text: was

text: used

text: A

text: pencil

text: was

text: inserted

text: into

text: a

text: person

text: 's

text: hair

text: to

text: determine

text: if

text: the

text: hair

text: was

text: kinky

text: enough

text: to

text: hold

text: the

text: pencil

text: rather

text: than

text: having

text: it

text: pass

text: through

text: as

text: it

text: would

text: with

text: smoother

text: hair

text: If

text: so

text: the

text: person

text: was

text: classified

text: as

text: Black

text: Such

text: classifications

text: sometimes

text: divided

text: families

question: What act determined what class a citizen belonged to?

answer: the Population Registration Act of 1945

text: the Population Registration Act of 1945

question: What test was used to determine if someone was coloured or black?

answer: pencil test

text: pencil test

question: How did the pencil test work?

answer: A pencil was inserted into a person's hair to determine if the hair was kinky enough to hold the pencil

text: A pencil was inserted into a person's hair to determine if the hair was kinky enough to hold the pencil

question: Who administered the "Pencil Test"?

answer: Minor officials

text: Minor officials


text: While forming an integral part of the Christian calendar, particularly in Catholic regions, many Carnival traditions resemble those antedating Christianity. Italian Carnival is sometimes thought to be derived from the ancient Roman festivals of Saturnalia and Bacchanalia. The Saturnalia, in turn, may be based on the Greek Dionysia and Oriental festivals. For the start of the Roman Saturnalia, on December 17 authorities chose an enemy of the Roman people to represent the Lord of Misrule in each community. These men and women were forced to indulge in food and physical pleasures throughout the week, horribly murdered on December 25th: "destroying the forces of darkness".

title: Carnival

title: Carnival

text: While

text: forming

text: an

text: integral

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Christian

text: calendar

text: particularly

text: in

text: Catholic

text: regions

text: many

text: Carnival

text: traditions

text: resemble

text: those

text: antedating

text: Christianity

text: Italian

text: Carnival

text: is

text: sometimes

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: festivals

text: of

text: Saturnalia

text: and

text: Bacchanalia

text: The

text: Saturnalia

text: in

text: turn

text: may

text: be

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: Greek

text: Dionysia

text: and

text: Oriental

text: festivals

text: For

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Saturnalia

text: on

text: December

text: authorities

text: chose

text: an

text: enemy

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: people

text: to

text: represent

text: the

text: Lord

text: of

text: Misrule

text: in

text: each

text: community

text: These

text: men

text: and

text: women

text: were

text: forced

text: to

text: indulge

text: in

text: food

text: and

text: physical

text: pleasures

text: throughout

text: the

text: week

text: horribly

text: murdered

text: on

text: December

text: destroying

text: the

text: forces

text: of

text: darkness

question: Many Carnival traditions form an integral part of whose calendar?

answer: Christian

text: Christian

question: What two ancient Roman festivals is Carnival thought to stem from?

answer: Saturnalia and Bacchanalia

text: Saturnalia and Bacchanalia

question: The Saturnalia is potentially based on what Greek festival?

answer: Dionysia

text: Dionysia

question: On which month and day did Saturnalia start?

answer: December 17

text: December 17

question: What happened to the men and women chosen to represent the Lord of Misrule?

answer: horribly murdered

text: horribly murdered


text: The soft AC format may soon be facing the demographic pressures that the jazz and big band formats faced in the 1960s and 1970s and that the oldies format is starting to face today, with the result that one may hear soft AC less on over-the-air radio and more on satellite radio systems in coming years. Much of the music and artists that were traditionally played on soft AC stations have been relegated to the adult standards format, which is itself disappearing because of aging demographics. Some soft AC stations have found a niche by incorporating more oldies into their playlists and are more open to playing softer songs that fit the "traditional" definition of AC.

title: Adult_contemporary_music

title: Adult_contemporary_music

text: The

text: soft

text: AC

text: format

text: may

text: soon

text: be

text: facing

text: the

text: demographic

text: pressures

text: that

text: the

text: jazz

text: and

text: big

text: band

text: formats

text: faced

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: oldies

text: format

text: is

text: starting

text: to

text: face

text: today

text: with

text: the

text: result

text: that

text: one

text: may

text: hear

text: soft

text: AC

text: less

text: on

text: over

text: the

text: air

text: radio

text: and

text: more

text: on

text: satellite

text: radio

text: systems

text: in

text: coming

text: years

text: Much

text: of

text: the

text: music

text: and

text: artists

text: that

text: were

text: traditionally

text: played

text: on

text: soft

text: AC

text: stations

text: have

text: been

text: relegated

text: to

text: the

text: adult

text: standards

text: format

text: which

text: is

text: itself

text: disappearing

text: because

text: of

text: aging

text: demographics

text: Some

text: soft

text: AC

text: stations

text: have

text: found

text: a

text: niche

text: by

text: incorporating

text: more

text: oldies

text: into

text: their

text: playlists

text: and

text: are

text: more

text: open

text: to

text: playing

text: softer

text: songs

text: that

text: fit

text: the

text: traditional

text: definition

text: of

text: AC

question: What radio station formats faced demographic pressures in the 1960s and 70s?

answer: jazz and big band

text: jazz and big band

question: What radio station format is facing demographic pressures in the present day?

answer: oldies

text: oldies

question: What radio station format have many of the former soft AC artists moved to?

answer: adult standards

text: adult standards

question: Certain soft AC stations have found a niche on the radio by doing what?

answer: incorporating more oldies

text: incorporating more oldies

question: Why are adult standards format radio stations declining?

answer: aging demographics

text: aging demographics


text: One by one, additional large hotels were constructed along the boardwalk, including the Brighton, Chelsea, Shelburne, Ambassador, Ritz Carlton, Mayflower, Madison House, and the Breakers. The Quaker-owned Chalfonte House, opened in 1868, and Haddon House, opened in 1869, flanked North Carolina Avenue at the beach end. Their original wood-frame structures would be enlarged, and even moved closer to the beach, over the years. The modern Chalfonte Hotel, eight stories tall, opened in 1904. The modern Haddon Hall was built in stages and was completed in 1929, at eleven stories. By this time, they were under the same ownership and merged into the Chalfonte-Haddon Hall Hotel, becoming the city's largest hotel with nearly 1,000 rooms. By 1930, the Claridge, the city's last large hotel before the casinos, opened its doors. The 400-room Claridge was built by a partnership that included renowned Philadelphia contractor John McShain. At 24 stories, it would become known as the "Skyscraper By The Sea." The city became known as the "The World's Playground.

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

text: One

text: by

text: one

text: additional

text: large

text: hotels

text: were

text: constructed

text: along

text: the

text: boardwalk

text: including

text: the

text: Brighton

text: Chelsea

text: Shelburne

text: Ambassador

text: Ritz

text: Carlton

text: Mayflower

text: Madison

text: House

text: and

text: the

text: Breakers

text: The

text: Quaker

text: owned

text: Chalfonte

text: House

text: opened

text: in

text: and

text: Haddon

text: House

text: opened

text: in

text: flanked

text: North

text: Carolina

text: Avenue

text: at

text: the

text: beach

text: end

text: Their

text: original

text: wood

text: frame

text: structures

text: would

text: be

text: enlarged

text: and

text: even

text: moved

text: closer

text: to

text: the

text: beach

text: over

text: the

text: years

text: The

text: modern

text: Chalfonte

text: Hotel

text: eight

text: stories

text: tall

text: opened

text: in

text: The

text: modern

text: Haddon

text: Hall

text: was

text: built

text: in

text: stages

text: and

text: was

text: completed

text: in

text: at

text: eleven

text: stories

text: By

text: this

text: time

text: they

text: were

text: under

text: the

text: same

text: ownership

text: and

text: merged

text: into

text: the

text: Chalfonte

text: Haddon

text: Hall

text: Hotel

text: becoming

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: largest

text: hotel

text: with

text: nearly

text: rooms

text: By

text: the

text: Claridge

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: last

text: large

text: hotel

text: before

text: the

text: casinos

text: opened

text: its

text: doors

text: The

text: Claridge

text: was

text: built

text: by

text: a

text: partnership

text: that

text: included

text: renowned

text: Philadelphia

text: contractor

text: John

text: McShain

text: At

text: stories

text: it

text: would

text: become

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Skyscraper

text: By

text: The

text: Sea

text: The

text: city

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: The

text: World

text: 's

text: Playground

question: What year did the Quaker-owned Chalfonte House open?

answer: 1868

question: What year did the Haddon House open?

answer: 1869

question: How many stories was the modern Chalfonte Hotel when it opened in 1904?

answer: eight

text: eight

question: How many rooms were in the merged Chalfonte-Haddon Hall Hotel?

answer: nearly 1,000

text: nearly 1,000

question: What was the name given to the 24 story tall, 400-room Claridge?

answer: Skyscraper By The Sea

text: Skyscraper By The Sea


text:
Imperial College Boat Club
The Imperial College Boat Club was founded on 12 December 1919. The Gold medal winning GB 8+ at the 2000 Sydney Olympics had been based at Imperial College's recently refurbished boathouse and included 3 alumni of the college along with their coach Martin McElroy. The club has been highly successful, with many wins at Henley Royal Regatta including most recently in 2013 with victory in The Prince Albert Challenge Cup event. The club has been home to numerous National Squad oarsmen and women and is open to all rowers not just students of Imperial College London.

title: Imperial_College_London

title: Imperial_College_London

text: Imperial

text: College

text: Boat

text: Club

text: The

text: Imperial

text: College

text: Boat

text: Club

text: was

text: founded

text: on

text: December

text: The

text: Gold

text: medal

text: winning

text: GB

text: at

text: the

text: Sydney

text: Olympics

text: had

text: been

text: based

text: at

text: Imperial

text: College

text: 's

text: recently

text: refurbished

text: boathouse

text: and

text: included

text: alumni

text: of

text: the

text: college

text: along

text: with

text: their

text: coach

text: Martin

text: McElroy

text: The

text: club

text: has

text: been

text: highly

text: successful

text: with

text: many

text: wins

text: at

text: Henley

text: Royal

text: Regatta

text: including

text: most

text: recently

text: in

text: with

text: victory

text: in

text: The

text: Prince

text: Albert

text: Challenge

text: Cup

text: event

text: The

text: club

text: has

text: been

text: home

text: to

text: numerous

text: National

text: Squad

text: oarsmen

text: and

text: women

text: and

text: is

text: open

text: to

text: all

text: rowers

text: not

text: just

text: students

text: of

text: Imperial

text: College

text: London

question: Which day was the Imperial College Boat Club formed on?

answer: 12 December 1919

text: 12 December 1919

question: How many alumni from Imperial were a part of the Gold medal winning GB8+?

answer: 3

question: What was the name of the coach of the Gold medal winning GB8+?

answer: Martin McElroy

text: Martin McElroy

question: Which event has the Boat Club been highly successful at?

answer: Henley Royal Regatta

text: Henley Royal Regatta

question: Which event did the Boat Club claim victory in for 2013?

answer: The Prince Albert Challenge Cup event

text: The Prince Albert Challenge Cup event

question: When was the Imperial College Yacht club founded?

text: 12 December 1919

question: Who coached the team at the Henley Royal Regatta?

text: Martin McElroy.

question: Where must clyub members attend school?

text: Imperial College London

question: What event did the club loose in 2013?

text: The Prince Albert Challenge Cup

question: What team consisted of 3 non alumni?

text: GB 8+


text: The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) was the most commonly used transistor in the 1960s and 70s. Even after MOSFETs became widely available, the BJT remained the transistor of choice for many analog circuits such as amplifiers because of their greater linearity and ease of manufacture. In integrated circuits, the desirable properties of MOSFETs allowed them to capture nearly all market share for digital circuits. Discrete MOSFETs can be applied in transistor applications, including analog circuits, voltage regulators, amplifiers, power transmitters and motor drivers.

title: Transistor

title: Transistor

text: The

text: bipolar

text: junction

text: transistor

text: BJT

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: commonly

text: used

text: transistor

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: Even

text: after

text: MOSFETs

text: became

text: widely

text: available

text: the

text: BJT

text: remained

text: the

text: transistor

text: of

text: choice

text: for

text: many

text: analog

text: circuits

text: such

text: as

text: amplifiers

text: because

text: of

text: their

text: greater

text: linearity

text: and

text: ease

text: of

text: manufacture

text: In

text: integrated

text: circuits

text: the

text: desirable

text: properties

text: of

text: MOSFETs

text: allowed

text: them

text: to

text: capture

text: nearly

text: all

text: market

text: share

text: for

text: digital

text: circuits

text: Discrete

text: MOSFETs

text: can

text: be

text: applied

text: in

text: transistor

text: applications

text: including

text: analog

text: circuits

text: voltage

text: regulators

text: amplifiers

text: power

text: transmitters

text: and

text: motor

text: drivers

question: What was the most frequently used transistor in the 1960s and 70s?

answer: bipolar junction transistor

text: bipolar junction transistor

question: Why were BJTs so popular?

answer: their greater linearity and ease of manufacture

text: their greater linearity and ease of manufacture

question: What are some applications of discrete MOSFETs?

answer: transistor applications, including analog circuits, voltage regulators, amplifiers, power transmitters and motor drivers

text: transistor applications, including analog circuits, voltage regulators, amplifiers, power transmitters and motor drivers

question: What were the most popular digital circuits of the time?

answer: MOSFETs

text: MOSFETs

question: When did MOSFETs become widely available?

text: the 1960s

question: What are the desirable properties of MOSFETs?

text: ease of manufacture

question: What was the most common application of MOSFETs?

text: amplifiers

question: Which type of circuit is older?

text: analog circuits

question: What kind of circuit is used more in the present?

text: digital circuits


text: A third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time, although much less represented, argues that the laws are not time-reversal symmetric. For example, certain processes in quantum mechanics, relating to the weak nuclear force, are not time-reversible, keeping in mind that when dealing with quantum mechanics time-reversibility comprises a more complex definition. But this type of solution is insufficient because 1) the time-asymmetric phenomena in quantum mechanics are too few to account for the uniformity of macroscopic time-asymmetry and 2) it relies on the assumption that quantum mechanics is the final or correct description of physical processes.[citation needed]

title: Philosophy_of_space_and_time

title: Philosophy_of_space_and_time

text: A

text: third

text: type

text: of

text: solution

text: to

text: the

text: problem

text: of

text: the

text: direction

text: of

text: time

text: although

text: much

text: less

text: represented

text: argues

text: that

text: the

text: laws

text: are

text: not

text: time

text: reversal

text: symmetric

text: For

text: example

text: certain

text: processes

text: in

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: relating

text: to

text: the

text: weak

text: nuclear

text: force

text: are

text: not

text: time

text: reversible

text: keeping

text: in

text: mind

text: that

text: when

text: dealing

text: with

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: time

text: reversibility

text: comprises

text: a

text: more

text: complex

text: definition

text: But

text: this

text: type

text: of

text: solution

text: is

text: insufficient

text: because

text: the

text: time

text: asymmetric

text: phenomena

text: in

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: are

text: too

text: few

text: to

text: account

text: for

text: the

text: uniformity

text: of

text: macroscopic

text: time

text: asymmetry

text: and

text: it

text: relies

text: on

text: the

text: assumption

text: that

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: is

text: the

text: final

text: or

text: correct

text: description

text: of

text: physical

text: processes.[citation

text: needed

question: What does the third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time argue?

answer: the laws are not time-reversal symmetric

text: the laws are not time-reversal symmetric

question: What is are kind of nuclear force is not time-reversibile?

answer: weak nuclear force

text: weak nuclear force

question: Time asymmetric phenomena in quantum mechanics are to few to account what kind of time-asymmetry?

answer: macroscopic

text: macroscopic

question: What does the thirs solution argue is time-reversal symmetric?

text: the direction of time

question: What processes in quantum mechanics are reversable?

text: relating to the weak nuclear force,

question: What asymmetric phenomena are common in quantum mechanics?

text: time-asymmetric phenomena


text: As the King's confidence in de Melo increased, the King entrusted him with more control of the state. By 1755, Sebastião de Melo was made Prime Minister. Impressed by British economic success that he had witnessed from the Ambassador, he successfully implemented similar economic policies in Portugal. He abolished slavery in Portugal and in the Portuguese colonies in India; reorganized the army and the navy; restructured the University of Coimbra, and ended discrimination against different Christian sects in Portugal.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: As

text: the

text: King

text: 's

text: confidence

text: in

text: de

text: Melo

text: increased

text: the

text: King

text: entrusted

text: him

text: with

text: more

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: By

text: Sebastião

text: de

text: Melo

text: was

text: made

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Impressed

text: by

text: British

text: economic

text: success

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: witnessed

text: from

text: the

text: Ambassador

text: he

text: successfully

text: implemented

text: similar

text: economic

text: policies

text: in

text: Portugal

text: He

text: abolished

text: slavery

text: in

text: Portugal

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: colonies

text: in

text: India

text: reorganized

text: the

text: army

text: and

text: the

text: navy

text: restructured

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Coimbra

text: and

text: ended

text: discrimination

text: against

text: different

text: Christian

text: sects

text: in

text: Portugal

question: Did the King's confidence in de Melo increase or decrease?

answer: increased

text: increased

question: What title was given to de Melo in 1755?

answer: Prime Minister

text: Prime Minister

question: With whose economic success was de Melo impressed with?

answer: British

text: British

question: Who abolished slavery in Portugal?

answer: Sebastião de Melo

text: Sebastião de Melo

question: Who ended discrimination against difference Christian sects in Portugal?

answer: Sebastião de Melo

text: Sebastião de Melo


text: From the annexation of Alsace by France in the 17th century and the language policy of the French Revolution up to 1870, knowledge of French in Alsace increased considerably. With the education reforms of the 19th century, the middle classes began to speak and write French well. The French language never really managed, however, to win over the masses, the vast majority of whom continued to speak their German dialects and write in German (which we would now call "standard German").[citation needed]

title: Alsace

title: Alsace

text: From

text: the

text: annexation

text: of

text: Alsace

text: by

text: France

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: the

text: language

text: policy

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: up

text: to

text: knowledge

text: of

text: French

text: in

text: Alsace

text: increased

text: considerably

text: With

text: the

text: education

text: reforms

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: middle

text: classes

text: began

text: to

text: speak

text: and

text: write

text: French

text: well

text: The

text: French

text: language

text: never

text: really

text: managed

text: however

text: to

text: win

text: over

text: the

text: masses

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: whom

text: continued

text: to

text: speak

text: their

text: German

text: dialects

text: and

text: write

text: in

text: German

text: which

text: we

text: would

text: now

text: call

text: standard

text: German").[citation

text: needed

question: Around when did the Annexation of Alsace occur?

answer: 17th century

text: 17th century

question: With education reforms in the 19th century what did this lead to in Alsace?

answer: middle classes began to speak and write French

text: middle classes began to speak and write French

question: What is now the German dialects of speech now referred as to?

answer: standard German

text: standard German

question: When did French become the most common language?

question: When did Germany annex Alsace?

text: the 17th century

question: When did writing French in the middle class fall out of fashion?

text: the 19th century

question: Standard Germany became policy during what revolution?

text: the French Revolution

question: What helped German literacy in the 19th century?

text: education reforms


text: As a side effect of the electrochemical processes used by neurons for signaling, brain tissue generates electric fields when it is active. When large numbers of neurons show synchronized activity, the electric fields that they generate can be large enough to detect outside the skull, using electroencephalography (EEG) or magnetoencephalography (MEG). EEG recordings, along with recordings made from electrodes implanted inside the brains of animals such as rats, show that the brain of a living animal is constantly active, even during sleep. Each part of the brain shows a mixture of rhythmic and nonrhythmic activity, which may vary according to behavioral state. In mammals, the cerebral cortex tends to show large slow delta waves during sleep, faster alpha waves when the animal is awake but inattentive, and chaotic-looking irregular activity when the animal is actively engaged in a task. During an epileptic seizure, the brain's inhibitory control mechanisms fail to function and electrical activity rises to pathological levels, producing EEG traces that show large wave and spike patterns not seen in a healthy brain. Relating these population-level patterns to the computational functions of individual neurons is a major focus of current research in neurophysiology.

title: Brain

title: Brain

text: As

text: a

text: side

text: effect

text: of

text: the

text: electrochemical

text: processes

text: used

text: by

text: neurons

text: for

text: signaling

text: brain

text: tissue

text: generates

text: electric

text: fields

text: when

text: it

text: is

text: active

text: When

text: large

text: numbers

text: of

text: neurons

text: show

text: synchronized

text: activity

text: the

text: electric

text: fields

text: that

text: they

text: generate

text: can

text: be

text: large

text: enough

text: to

text: detect

text: outside

text: the

text: skull

text: using

text: electroencephalography

text: EEG

text: or

text: magnetoencephalography

text: MEG

text: EEG

text: recordings

text: along

text: with

text: recordings

text: made

text: from

text: electrodes

text: implanted

text: inside

text: the

text: brains

text: of

text: animals

text: such

text: as

text: rats

text: show

text: that

text: the

text: brain

text: of

text: a

text: living

text: animal

text: is

text: constantly

text: active

text: even

text: during

text: sleep

text: Each

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: brain

text: shows

text: a

text: mixture

text: of

text: rhythmic

text: and

text: nonrhythmic

text: activity

text: which

text: may

text: vary

text: according

text: to

text: behavioral

text: state

text: In

text: mammals

text: the

text: cerebral

text: cortex

text: tends

text: to

text: show

text: large

text: slow

text: delta

text: waves

text: during

text: sleep

text: faster

text: alpha

text: waves

text: when

text: the

text: animal

text: is

text: awake

text: but

text: inattentive

text: and

text: chaotic

text: looking

text: irregular

text: activity

text: when

text: the

text: animal

text: is

text: actively

text: engaged

text: in

text: a

text: task

text: During

text: an

text: epileptic

text: seizure

text: the

text: brain

text: 's

text: inhibitory

text: control

text: mechanisms

text: fail

text: to

text: function

text: and

text: electrical

text: activity

text: rises

text: to

text: pathological

text: levels

text: producing

text: EEG

text: traces

text: that

text: show

text: large

text: wave

text: and

text: spike

text: patterns

text: not

text: seen

text: in

text: a

text: healthy

text: brain

text: Relating

text: these

text: population

text: level

text: patterns

text: to

text: the

text: computational

text: functions

text: of

text: individual

text: neurons

text: is

text: a

text: major

text: focus

text: of

text: current

text: research

text: in

text: neurophysiology

question: An EEG of the brain stands for what?

answer: electroencephalography

text: electroencephalography

question: MEG of the brain is an abbreviation of what?

answer: magnetoencephalography

text: magnetoencephalography

question: What type of test is used to tell that a brain is active even during sleep?

answer: EEG

text: EEG

question: What type of brain waves are seen in mammals during sleep?

answer: large slow delta waves

text: large slow delta waves

question: What type of brain waves are sen when a creature is awake, but inattentive?

answer: faster alpha waves

text: faster alpha waves


text: This multilevel construct is consistent with Dasmann and Lovejoy. An explicit definition consistent with this interpretation was first given in a paper by Bruce A. Wilcox commissioned by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) for the 1982 World National Parks Conference. Wilcox's definition was "Biological diversity is the variety of life forms...at all levels of biological systems (i.e., molecular, organismic, population, species and ecosystem)...". The 1992 United Nations Earth Summit defined "biological diversity" as "the variability among living organisms from all sources, including, 'inter alia', terrestrial, marine, and other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are part: this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems". This definition is used in the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity.

title: Biodiversity

title: Biodiversity

text: This

text: multilevel

text: construct

text: is

text: consistent

text: with

text: Dasmann

text: and

text: Lovejoy

text: An

text: explicit

text: definition

text: consistent

text: with

text: this

text: interpretation

text: was

text: first

text: given

text: in

text: a

text: paper

text: by

text: Bruce

text: A.

text: Wilcox

text: commissioned

text: by

text: the

text: International

text: Union

text: for

text: the

text: Conservation

text: of

text: Nature

text: and

text: Natural

text: Resources

text: IUCN

text: for

text: the

text: World

text: National

text: Parks

text: Conference

text: Wilcox

text: 's

text: definition

text: was

text: Biological

text: diversity

text: is

text: the

text: variety

text: of

text: life

text: forms

text: at

text: all

text: levels

text: of

text: biological

text: systems

text: i.e.

text: molecular

text: organismic

text: population

text: species

text: and

text: ecosystem

text: The

text: United

text: Nations

text: Earth

text: Summit

text: defined

text: biological

text: diversity

text: as

text: the

text: variability

text: among

text: living

text: organisms

text: from

text: all

text: sources

text: including

text: inter

text: alia

text: terrestrial

text: marine

text: and

text: other

text: aquatic

text: ecosystems

text: and

text: the

text: ecological

text: complexes

text: of

text: which

text: they

text: are

text: part

text: this

text: includes

text: diversity

text: within

text: species

text: between

text: species

text: and

text: of

text: ecosystems

text: This

text: definition

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Convention

text: on

text: Biological

text: Diversity

question: Who is the author of the biodiversity research paper?

answer: Bruce A. Wilcox

text: Bruce A. Wilcox

question: Who commissioned the biodiversity research paper?

answer: International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)

text: International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)

question: At what event was the biodiversity research paper presented?

answer: 1982 World National Parks Conference

text: 1982 World National Parks Conference

question: What year did the United Nations Earth Summit define "biological diversity"?

answer: 1992

question: Who is the author of the park research paper?

text: Bruce A. Wilcox

question: Who commissioned the park research paper?

question: At what event was the park research paper presented?

text: 1982 World National Parks Conference

question: What year did the IUCN define "biological diversity"?

question: What did the IUCN define "biological diversity" as?


text: The HDI has extended its geographical coverage: David Hastings, of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, published a report geographically extending the HDI to 230+ economies, whereas the UNDP HDI for 2009 enumerates 182 economies and coverage for the 2010 HDI dropped to 169 countries.

title: Human_Development_Index

title: Human_Development_Index

text: The

text: HDI

text: has

text: extended

text: its

text: geographical

text: coverage

text: David

text: Hastings

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Economic

text: and

text: Social

text: Commission

text: for

text: Asia

text: and

text: the

text: Pacific

text: published

text: a

text: report

text: geographically

text: extending

text: the

text: HDI

text: to

text: economies

text: whereas

text: the

text: UNDP

text: HDI

text: for

text: enumerates

text: economies

text: and

text: coverage

text: for

text: the

text: HDI

text: dropped

text: to

text: countries

question: How many countries were included in the 2009 HDI?

answer: 182

question: How many countries were included in the 2010 HDI?

answer: 169

question: How many countries were included in the 2008 HDI?

question: How many countries were included in the 2011 HDI?


text: The nationalist parties, in turn, demanded devolution to their respective constituent countries in return for their supporting the government. When referendums for Scottish and Welsh devolution were held in March 1979 Welsh devolution was rejected outright while the Scottish referendum returned a narrow majority in favour without reaching the required threshold of 40% support. When the Labour government duly refused to push ahead with setting up the proposed Scottish Assembly, the SNP withdrew its support for the government: this finally brought the government down as it triggered a vote of confidence in Callaghan's government that was lost by a single vote on 28 March 1979, necessitating a general election.

title: Labour_Party_(UK)

title: Labour_Party_(UK

text: The

text: nationalist

text: parties

text: in

text: turn

text: demanded

text: devolution

text: to

text: their

text: respective

text: constituent

text: countries

text: in

text: return

text: for

text: their

text: supporting

text: the

text: government

text: When

text: referendums

text: for

text: Scottish

text: and

text: Welsh

text: devolution

text: were

text: held

text: in

text: March

text: Welsh

text: devolution

text: was

text: rejected

text: outright

text: while

text: the

text: Scottish

text: referendum

text: returned

text: a

text: narrow

text: majority

text: in

text: favour

text: without

text: reaching

text: the

text: required

text: threshold

text: of

text: support

text: When

text: the

text: Labour

text: government

text: duly

text: refused

text: to

text: push

text: ahead

text: with

text: setting

text: up

text: the

text: proposed

text: Scottish

text: Assembly

text: the

text: SNP

text: withdrew

text: its

text: support

text: for

text: the

text: government

text: this

text: finally

text: brought

text: the

text: government

text: down

text: as

text: it

text: triggered

text: a

text: vote

text: of

text: confidence

text: in

text: Callaghan

text: 's

text: government

text: that

text: was

text: lost

text: by

text: a

text: single

text: vote

text: on

text: March

text: necessitating

text: a

text: general

text: election

question: In what year was the Scottish and Welsh devolution rejected?

answer: 1979

question: How many votes did the vote of confidence lose by in 1979?

answer: a single vote

text: a single vote

question: When was Welsh devolution approved of?

text: March 1979

question: What referendum reached the threshold of 40% support?

text: Scottish

question: Who pushed ahead with setting up a Scottish Assembly?

text: Labour government

question: What party withdrew its support for the SNP?

text: Labour

question: How much did Callaghan's government win a vote of confidence by?

text: single vote


text: By the end of the Mesozoic era, the Appalachian Mountains had been eroded to an almost flat plain. It was not until the region was uplifted during the Cenozoic Era that the distinctive topography of the present formed. Uplift rejuvenated the streams, which rapidly responded by cutting downward into the ancient bedrock. Some streams flowed along weak layers that define the folds and faults created many millions of years earlier. Other streams downcut so rapidly that they cut right across the resistant folded rocks of the mountain core, carving canyons across rock layers and geologic structures.

title: Appalachian_Mountains

title: Appalachian_Mountains

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Mesozoic

text: era

text: the

text: Appalachian

text: Mountains

text: had

text: been

text: eroded

text: to

text: an

text: almost

text: flat

text: plain

text: It

text: was

text: not

text: until

text: the

text: region

text: was

text: uplifted

text: during

text: the

text: Cenozoic

text: Era

text: that

text: the

text: distinctive

text: topography

text: of

text: the

text: present

text: formed

text: Uplift

text: rejuvenated

text: the

text: streams

text: which

text: rapidly

text: responded

text: by

text: cutting

text: downward

text: into

text: the

text: ancient

text: bedrock

text: Some

text: streams

text: flowed

text: along

text: weak

text: layers

text: that

text: define

text: the

text: folds

text: and

text: faults

text: created

text: many

text: millions

text: of

text: years

text: earlier

text: Other

text: streams

text: downcut

text: so

text: rapidly

text: that

text: they

text: cut

text: right

text: across

text: the

text: resistant

text: folded

text: rocks

text: of

text: the

text: mountain

text: core

text: carving

text: canyons

text: across

text: rock

text: layers

text: and

text: geologic

text: structures

question: During what era did the Appalachian Mountains begin to erode?

text: the Mesozoic era

question: What did erosion create in the Cenozoic era?

text: the distinctive topography

question: What rejuvenated the bedrock?

text: Uplift

question: What defined the folds and faults?

text: streams

question: How long did it take to carve canyons?

text: millions of years


text: If a tuberculosis infection does become active, it most commonly involves the lungs (in about 90% of cases). Symptoms may include chest pain and a prolonged cough producing sputum. About 25% of people may not have any symptoms (i.e. they remain "asymptomatic"). Occasionally, people may cough up blood in small amounts, and in very rare cases, the infection may erode into the pulmonary artery or a Rasmussen's aneurysm, resulting in massive bleeding. Tuberculosis may become a chronic illness and cause extensive scarring in the upper lobes of the lungs. The upper lung lobes are more frequently affected by tuberculosis than the lower ones. The reason for this difference is not clear. It may be due either to better air flow, or to poor lymph drainage within the upper lungs.

title: Tuberculosis

title: Tuberculosis

text: If

text: a

text: tuberculosis

text: infection

text: does

text: become

text: active

text: it

text: most

text: commonly

text: involves

text: the

text: lungs

text: in

text: about

text: of

text: cases

text: Symptoms

text: may

text: include

text: chest

text: pain

text: and

text: a

text: prolonged

text: cough

text: producing

text: sputum

text: About

text: of

text: people

text: may

text: not

text: have

text: any

text: symptoms

text: i.e.

text: they

text: remain

text: asymptomatic

text: Occasionally

text: people

text: may

text: cough

text: up

text: blood

text: in

text: small

text: amounts

text: and

text: in

text: very

text: rare

text: cases

text: the

text: infection

text: may

text: erode

text: into

text: the

text: pulmonary

text: artery

text: or

text: a

text: Rasmussen

text: 's

text: aneurysm

text: resulting

text: in

text: massive

text: bleeding

text: Tuberculosis

text: may

text: become

text: a

text: chronic

text: illness

text: and

text: cause

text: extensive

text: scarring

text: in

text: the

text: upper

text: lobes

text: of

text: the

text: lungs

text: The

text: upper

text: lung

text: lobes

text: are

text: more

text: frequently

text: affected

text: by

text: tuberculosis

text: than

text: the

text: lower

text: ones

text: The

text: reason

text: for

text: this

text: difference

text: is

text: not

text: clear

text: It

text: may

text: be

text: due

text: either

text: to

text: better

text: air

text: flow

text: or

text: to

text: poor

text: lymph

text: drainage

text: within

text: the

text: upper

text: lungs

question: Which lobes of the lungs are more often affected by TB?

answer: upper lung lobes

text: upper lung lobes

question: What symptom will result if TB infection causes a Rasmussen's aneurysm?

answer: massive bleeding

text: massive bleeding

question: What percentage of tuberculosis infections don't ever manifest in symptoms of the disease?

answer: 25%

question: If TB becomes chronic, what lasting effect might it have on the lung's upper lobes?

answer: scarring

text: scarring

question: Approximately what percentage of active TB cases affect the lungs?

answer: 90%

question: What percentage of cases include chest pain?

question: What is it called when people have symptoms?

text: asymptomatic

question: What percentage of cases erode into the pulmonary artery?

question: What kind of aneurysm does chest pain in TB patients sometimes result in?

text: Rasmussen's

question: What are lower lobes in the lungs often more affected by?

text: tuberculosis


text: Dell had a reputation as a company that relied upon supply chain efficiencies to sell established technologies at low prices, instead of being an innovator. By the mid-2000s many analysts were looking to innovating companies as the next source of growth in the technology sector. Dell's low spending on R&D relative to its revenue (compared to IBM, Hewlett Packard, and Apple Inc.)—which worked well in the commoditized PC market—prevented it from making inroads into more lucrative segments, such as MP3 players and later mobile devices. Increasing spending on R&D would have cut into the operating margins that the company emphasized. Dell had done well with a horizontal organization that focused on PCs when the computing industry moved to horizontal mix-and-match layers in the 1980s, but by the mid-2000 the industry shifted to vertically integrated stacks to deliver complete IT solutions and Dell lagged far behind competitors like Hewlett Packard and Oracle.

title: Dell

title: Dell

text: Dell

text: had

text: a

text: reputation

text: as

text: a

text: company

text: that

text: relied

text: upon

text: supply

text: chain

text: efficiencies

text: to

text: sell

text: established

text: technologies

text: at

text: low

text: prices

text: instead

text: of

text: being

text: an

text: innovator

text: By

text: the

text: many

text: analysts

text: were

text: looking

text: to

text: innovating

text: companies

text: as

text: the

text: next

text: source

text: of

text: growth

text: in

text: the

text: technology

text: sector

text: Dell

text: 's

text: low

text: spending

text: on

text: R&D

text: relative

text: to

text: its

text: revenue

text: compared

text: to

text: IBM

text: Hewlett

text: Packard

text: and

text: Apple

text: Inc.)—which

text: worked

text: well

text: in

text: the

text: commoditized

text: PC

text: market

text: prevented

text: it

text: from

text: making

text: inroads

text: into

text: more

text: lucrative

text: segments

text: such

text: as

text: players

text: and

text: later

text: mobile

text: devices

text: Increasing

text: spending

text: on

text: R&D

text: would

text: have

text: cut

text: into

text: the

text: operating

text: margins

text: that

text: the

text: company

text: emphasized

text: Dell

text: had

text: done

text: well

text: with

text: a

text: horizontal

text: organization

text: that

text: focused

text: on

text: PCs

text: when

text: the

text: computing

text: industry

text: moved

text: to

text: horizontal

text: mix

text: and

text: match

text: layers

text: in

text: the

text: but

text: by

text: the

text: the

text: industry

text: shifted

text: to

text: vertically

text: integrated

text: stacks

text: to

text: deliver

text: complete

text: IT

text: solutions

text: and

text: Dell

text: lagged

text: far

text: behind

text: competitors

text: like

text: Hewlett

text: Packard

text: and

text: Oracle

question: What did Dell rely on that gave it a reputation?

answer: supply chain efficiencies

text: supply chain efficiencies

question: What did Dell maintain lower spending on than its competitors?

answer: R&D

text: R&D

question: What was Dell's organizational structure considered?

answer: horizontal

text: horizontal

question: Dell lagged behind Hewlett Packard and Oracle in delivering what kind of solutions?

answer: IT solutions

text: IT solutions

question: What did Dell rely on that gave it a bad reputation?

text: supply chain efficiencies

question: What did IBM rely on that gave it a reputation?

text: supply chain efficiencies

question: What did Dell maintain higher spending on than its competitors?

text: R&D

question: What wasn't Dell's organizational structure considered?

text: horizontal

question: Dell went ahead of Hewlett Packard and Oracle in delivering what kind of solutions?

text: IT solutions


text: U.S. President Barack Obama has rarely used the term, but in his inaugural address on 20 January 2009, he stated "Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred." In March 2009 the Defense Department officially changed the name of operations from "Global War on Terror" to "Overseas Contingency Operation" (OCO). In March 2009, the Obama administration requested that Pentagon staff members avoid use of the term, instead using "Overseas Contingency Operation". Basic objectives of the Bush administration "war on terror", such as targeting al Qaeda and building international counterterrorism alliances, remain in place. In December 2012, Jeh Johnson, the General Counsel of the Department of Defense, stated that the military fight will be replaced by a law enforcement operation when speaking at Oxford University, predicting that al Qaeda will be so weakened to be ineffective, and has been "effectively destroyed", and thus the conflict will not be an armed conflict under international law. In May 2013, Obama stated that the goal is "to dismantle specific networks of violent extremists that threaten America"; which coincided with the U.S. Office of Management and Budget having changed the wording from "Overseas Contingency Operations" to "Countering Violent Extremism" in 2010.

title: War_on_Terror

title: War_on_Terror

text: U.S.

text: President

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: has

text: rarely

text: used

text: the

text: term

text: but

text: in

text: his

text: inaugural

text: address

text: on

text: January

text: he

text: stated

text: Our

text: nation

text: is

text: at

text: war

text: against

text: a

text: far

text: reaching

text: network

text: of

text: violence

text: and

text: hatred

text: In

text: March

text: the

text: Defense

text: Department

text: officially

text: changed

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: operations

text: from

text: Global

text: War

text: on

text: Terror

text: to

text: Overseas

text: Contingency

text: Operation

text: OCO

text: In

text: March

text: the

text: Obama

text: administration

text: requested

text: that

text: Pentagon

text: staff

text: members

text: avoid

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: instead

text: using

text: Overseas

text: Contingency

text: Operation

text: Basic

text: objectives

text: of

text: the

text: Bush

text: administration

text: war

text: on

text: terror

text: such

text: as

text: targeting

text: al

text: Qaeda

text: and

text: building

text: international

text: counterterrorism

text: alliances

text: remain

text: in

text: place

text: In

text: December

text: Jeh

text: Johnson

text: the

text: General

text: Counsel

text: of

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: Defense

text: stated

text: that

text: the

text: military

text: fight

text: will

text: be

text: replaced

text: by

text: a

text: law

text: enforcement

text: operation

text: when

text: speaking

text: at

text: Oxford

text: University

text: predicting

text: that

text: al

text: Qaeda

text: will

text: be

text: so

text: weakened

text: to

text: be

text: ineffective

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: effectively

text: destroyed

text: and

text: thus

text: the

text: conflict

text: will

text: not

text: be

text: an

text: armed

text: conflict

text: under

text: international

text: law

text: In

text: May

text: Obama

text: stated

text: that

text: the

text: goal

text: is

text: to

text: dismantle

text: specific

text: networks

text: of

text: violent

text: extremists

text: that

text: threaten

text: America

text: which

text: coincided

text: with

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Office

text: of

text: Management

text: and

text: Budget

text: having

text: changed

text: the

text: wording

text: from

text: Overseas

text: Contingency

text: Operations

text: to

text: Countering

text: Violent

text: Extremism

text: in

question: What did Obama say the US is at war with, in 2009?

answer: a far-reaching network of violence and hatred

text: a far-reaching network of violence and hatred

question: What was the "Global War on Terror" officially renamed to in March 2009?

answer: Overseas Contingency Operation

text: Overseas Contingency Operation

question: What term did Obama want the government to stop using?

answer: war on terror

text: war on terror

question: Who said in 2012 that the fight would change from military to law enforcement?

answer: Jeh Johnson

text: Jeh Johnson

question: What was the  "Overseas Contingency Operations" renamed to in 2010?

answer: Countering Violent Extremism

text: Countering Violent Extremism

question: What did Barack Obama change the name of "Global War on Terror' to?

text: Overseas Contingency Operation

question: What is the OOC also known as?

text: Overseas Contingency Operation

question: Who spoke at Oxford University in December of 2013?

text: Jeh Johnson

question: Who defined the goal in a speech in May of 2012?

text: Obama

question: What year was "Overseas Contingency Operations" changed to "Violent Extremism Countering?"

question: What was the Overseas Contingency Operation renamed as in 2009?

text: Global War on Terror

question: What did the Defense Department change its name to?

text: U.S. Office of Management and Budget

question: What university did Jeh Johnson work for?

text: Oxford

question: What did Obama say the military fight would be replaced with?

text: law enforcement operation

question: Who did Pentagon staff members request to avoid the term war on terror?

text: the Obama administration


text: Madonna moved in with boyfriend John "Jellybean" Benitez, asking his help for finishing the album's production. Benitez remixed most of the tracks and produced "Holiday", which was her third single and her first global hit. The overall sound of Madonna was dissonant and in the form of upbeat synthetic disco, using some of the new technology of the time, like the Linn drum machine, Moog bass and the OB-X synthesizer. The album was released in July 1983 and peaked at number eight on the Billboard 200 six months later, in 1984. It yielded two more hit singles, "Borderline" and "Lucky Star".

title: Madonna_(entertainer)

title: Madonna_(entertainer

text: Madonna

text: moved

text: in

text: with

text: boyfriend

text: John

text: Jellybean

text: Benitez

text: asking

text: his

text: help

text: for

text: finishing

text: the

text: album

text: 's

text: production

text: Benitez

text: remixed

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: tracks

text: and

text: produced

text: Holiday

text: which

text: was

text: her

text: third

text: single

text: and

text: her

text: first

text: global

text: hit

text: The

text: overall

text: sound

text: of

text: Madonna

text: was

text: dissonant

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: upbeat

text: synthetic

text: disco

text: using

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: technology

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: like

text: the

text: Linn

text: drum

text: machine

text: Moog

text: bass

text: and

text: the

text: OB

text: X

text: synthesizer

text: The

text: album

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: July

text: and

text: peaked

text: at

text: number

text: eight

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: six

text: months

text: later

text: in

text: It

text: yielded

text: two

text: more

text: hit

text: singles

text: Borderline

text: and

text: Lucky

text: Star

question: Who was the boyfriend that Madonna moved in with?

answer: John "Jellybean" Benitez

text: John "Jellybean" Benitez

question: Who remixed most of Madonna's album tracks?

answer: Benitez

text: Benitez

question: Which song was Madonna's first global hit?

answer: Holiday

text: Holiday

question: When was Madonna's album released?

answer: July 1983

text: July 1983

question: Which number did Madonna's album peaked at the Billboard 800 six months later?

answer: eight

text: eight


text: The birth of native Estonian literature was in 1810 to 1820 when the patriotic and philosophical poems by Kristjan Jaak Peterson were published. Peterson, who was the first student at the then German-language University of Dorpat to acknowledge his Estonian origin, is commonly regarded as a herald of Estonian national literature and considered the founder of modern Estonian poetry. His birthday on March 14 is celebrated in Estonia as the Mother Tongue Day. A fragment from Peterson's poem "Kuu" expresses the claim reestablishing the birthright of the Estonian language:

title: Estonian_language

title: Estonian_language

text: The

text: birth

text: of

text: native

text: Estonian

text: literature

text: was

text: in

text: to

text: when

text: the

text: patriotic

text: and

text: philosophical

text: poems

text: by

text: Kristjan

text: Jaak

text: Peterson

text: were

text: published

text: Peterson

text: who

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: student

text: at

text: the

text: then

text: German

text: language

text: University

text: of

text: Dorpat

text: to

text: acknowledge

text: his

text: Estonian

text: origin

text: is

text: commonly

text: regarded

text: as

text: a

text: herald

text: of

text: Estonian

text: national

text: literature

text: and

text: considered

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: modern

text: Estonian

text: poetry

text: His

text: birthday

text: on

text: March

text: is

text: celebrated

text: in

text: Estonia

text: as

text: the

text: Mother

text: Tongue

text: Day

text: A

text: fragment

text: from

text: Peterson

text: 's

text: poem

text: Kuu

text: expresses

text: the

text: claim

text: reestablishing

text: the

text: birthright

text: of

text: the

text: Estonian

text: language

question: Which Estonian poet's works were printed from 1810 to 1820?

answer: Kristjan Jaak Peterson

text: Kristjan Jaak Peterson

question: What subjects were Kristjan Jaak Peterson poems on?

answer: patriotic and philosophical

text: patriotic and philosophical

question: When was Peterson born?

answer: March 14

text: March 14

question: What is another name given for Peterson's birthday?

answer: Mother Tongue Day

text: Mother Tongue Day

question: What university did Peterson attend?

answer: German-language University of Dorpat

text: German-language University of Dorpat

question: Which Estonian playwright works were printed from 1810 to 1820?

text: Kristjan Jaak Peterson

question: What subjects were Kristjan Jaak Peterson novels on?

text: patriotic and philosophical

question: Whose birthday is on March 13th?

text: Kristjan Jaak Peterson

question: What day is Father Tongue Day on?

text: March 14

question: What university was Peterson rejected from?

text: University of Dorpat


text: In the 19th century, the monasteries built in the high Alps during the medieval period to shelter travelers and as places of pilgrimage, became tourist destinations. The Benedictines had built monasteries in Lucerne, Switzerland, and Oberammergau; the Cistercians in the Tyrol and at Lake Constance; and the Augustinians had abbeys in the Savoy and one in the center of Interlaken, Switzerland. The Great St Bernard Hospice, built in the 9th or 10th centuries, at the summit of the Great Saint Bernard Pass was shelter for travelers and place for pilgrims since its inception; by the 19th century it became a tourist attraction with notable visitors such as author Charles Dickens and mountaineer Edward Whymper.

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: monasteries

text: built

text: in

text: the

text: high

text: Alps

text: during

text: the

text: medieval

text: period

text: to

text: shelter

text: travelers

text: and

text: as

text: places

text: of

text: pilgrimage

text: became

text: tourist

text: destinations

text: The

text: Benedictines

text: had

text: built

text: monasteries

text: in

text: Lucerne

text: Switzerland

text: and

text: Oberammergau

text: the

text: Cistercians

text: in

text: the

text: Tyrol

text: and

text: at

text: Lake

text: Constance

text: and

text: the

text: Augustinians

text: had

text: abbeys

text: in

text: the

text: Savoy

text: and

text: one

text: in

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: Interlaken

text: Switzerland

text: The

text: Great

text: St

text: Bernard

text: Hospice

text: built

text: in

text: the

text: or

text: centuries

text: at

text: the

text: summit

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Saint

text: Bernard

text: Pass

text: was

text: shelter

text: for

text: travelers

text: and

text: place

text: for

text: pilgrims

text: since

text: its

text: inception

text: by

text: the

text: century

text: it

text: became

text: a

text: tourist

text: attraction

text: with

text: notable

text: visitors

text: such

text: as

text: author

text: Charles

text: Dickens

text: and

text: mountaineer

text: Edward

text: Whymper

question: What became tourist destinations during the 19th century?

answer: the monasteries built in the high Alps

text: the monasteries built in the high Alps

question: Who built monasteries in Lucerne, Switzerland and Oberammergau?

answer: The Benedictines

text: The Benedictines

question: Who had abbeys in the Savor and one in the center of Interlaken?

answer: the Augustinians

text: the Augustinians

question: When was the Great St. Bernard Hospice built?

answer: the 9th or 10th centuries

text: the 9th or 10th centuries


text: A high-definition remaster of the game, The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD, is being developed by Tantalus Media for the Wii U. Officially announced during a Nintendo Direct presentation on November 12, 2015, it features enhanced graphics and Amiibo functionality. The game will be released in North America and Europe on March 4, 2016; in Australia on March 5, 2016; and in Japan on March 10, 2016.

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

text: A

text: high

text: definition

text: remaster

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: The

text: Legend

text: of

text: Zelda

text: Twilight

text: Princess

text: HD

text: is

text: being

text: developed

text: by

text: Tantalus

text: Media

text: for

text: the

text: Wii

text: U.

text: Officially

text: announced

text: during

text: a

text: Nintendo

text: Direct

text: presentation

text: on

text: November

text: it

text: features

text: enhanced

text: graphics

text: and

text: Amiibo

text: functionality

text: The

text: game

text: will

text: be

text: released

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: Europe

text: on

text: March

text: in

text: Australia

text: on

text: March

text: and

text: in

text: Japan

text: on

text: March

question: Which company is responsible for the HD version of Twilight Princess?

answer: Tantalus Media

text: Tantalus Media

question: For which console is Twilight Princess HD being made?

answer: Wii U

text: Wii U

question: When were plans for Twilight Princess HD revealed?

answer: November 12, 2015

text: November 12, 2015

question: On what date is Twilight Princess HD scheduled for Australian release?

answer: March 5, 2016

text: March 5, 2016

question: What is the name of the remastered game?

answer: The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD

text: The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess HD

question: What company is developing the remaster?

answer: Tantalus Media

text: Tantalus Media

question: What kind of functionality will the remaster feature?

answer: Amiibo

text: Amiibo

question: When will the game be released in America?

answer: March 4, 2016

text: March 4, 2016

question: Which company is responsible for the HD version of Nintendo Direct?

text: Tantalus Media

question: For which console is Nintendo Direct being made?

text: Wii U

question: On what date is Nintendo Direct scheduled for European release?

text: March 5, 2016

question: When were plans for Nintendo Direct revealed?

text: November 12, 2015

question: What is the name of the remastered Amiibo?


text: By about 6000 BC, a Neolithic culture rooted in the Nile Valley. During the Neolithic era, several predynastic cultures developed independently in Upper and Lower Egypt. The Badarian culture and the successor Naqada series are generally regarded as precursors to dynastic Egypt. The earliest known Lower Egyptian site, Merimda, predates the Badarian by about seven hundred years. Contemporaneous Lower Egyptian communities coexisted with their southern counterparts for more than two thousand years, remaining culturally distinct, but maintaining frequent contact through trade. The earliest known evidence of Egyptian hieroglyphic inscriptions appeared during the predynastic period on Naqada III pottery vessels, dated to about 3200 BC.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: By

text: about

text: BC

text: a

text: Neolithic

text: culture

text: rooted

text: in

text: the

text: Nile

text: Valley

text: During

text: the

text: Neolithic

text: era

text: several

text: predynastic

text: cultures

text: developed

text: independently

text: in

text: Upper

text: and

text: Lower

text: Egypt

text: The

text: Badarian

text: culture

text: and

text: the

text: successor

text: Naqada

text: series

text: are

text: generally

text: regarded

text: as

text: precursors

text: to

text: dynastic

text: Egypt

text: The

text: earliest

text: known

text: Lower

text: Egyptian

text: site

text: Merimda

text: predates

text: the

text: Badarian

text: by

text: about

text: seven

text: hundred

text: years

text: Contemporaneous

text: Lower

text: Egyptian

text: communities

text: coexisted

text: with

text: their

text: southern

text: counterparts

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: two

text: thousand

text: years

text: remaining

text: culturally

text: distinct

text: but

text: maintaining

text: frequent

text: contact

text: through

text: trade

text: The

text: earliest

text: known

text: evidence

text: of

text: Egyptian

text: hieroglyphic

text: inscriptions

text: appeared

text: during

text: the

text: predynastic

text: period

text: on

text: Naqada

text: III

text: pottery

text: vessels

text: dated

text: to

text: about

text: BC

question: During 6000 BC what area was occupied by a Neolithic culture?

answer: Nile Valley

text: Nile Valley

question: What culture succeeded the Naqada culture?

answer: Badarian culture

text: Badarian culture

question: When is the earliest hieroglyghics date back?

answer: 3200 BC

text: 3200 BC

question: How long did cultures coexist in lower Egypt?

answer: more than two thousand years

text: more than two thousand years


text: During the early years of the Cold War from 1946 to 1958, the United States tested 67 nuclear weapons at its Pacific Proving Grounds located in the Marshall Islands, including the largest atmospheric nuclear test ever conducted by the U.S., code named Castle Bravo. "The bombs had a total yield of 108,496 kilotons, over 7,200 times more powerful than the atomic weapons used during World War II." With the 1952 test of the first U.S. hydrogen bomb, code named "Ivy Mike," the island of Elugelab in the Enewetak atoll was destroyed. In 1956, the United States Atomic Energy Commission regarded the Marshall Islands as "by far the most contaminated place in the world."

title: Marshall_Islands

title: Marshall_Islands

text: During

text: the

text: early

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: tested

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: at

text: its

text: Pacific

text: Proving

text: Grounds

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: including

text: the

text: largest

text: atmospheric

text: nuclear

text: test

text: ever

text: conducted

text: by

text: the

text: U.S.

text: code

text: named

text: Castle

text: Bravo

text: The

text: bombs

text: had

text: a

text: total

text: yield

text: of

text: kilotons

text: over

text: times

text: more

text: powerful

text: than

text: the

text: atomic

text: weapons

text: used

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: With

text: the

text: test

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: U.S.

text: hydrogen

text: bomb

text: code

text: named

text: Ivy

text: Mike

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Elugelab

text: in

text: the

text: Enewetak

text: atoll

text: was

text: destroyed

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Atomic

text: Energy

text: Commission

text: regarded

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: as

text: by

text: far

text: the

text: most

text: contaminated

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: world

question: In what year did the Cold War begin?

answer: 1946

question: How many nuclear weapons were tested in the Marshall Islands between 1946 and 1958?

answer: 67

question: What was the name of the United States' largest atmospheric nuclear test?

answer: Castle Bravo

text: Castle Bravo

question: What was the yield of the Castle Bravo bombs in kilotons?

answer: 108,496

question: Which of the Marshall Islands was destroyed in a United States hydrogen bomb test?

answer: Elugelab

text: Elugelab