text: In Europe, the copyright infringement case Public Relations Consultants Association Ltd v Newspaper Licensing Agency Ltd had two prongs; one concerned whether a news aggregator service infringed the copyright of the news generators; the other concerned whether the temporary web cache created by the web browser of a consumer of the aggregator's service, also infringed the copyright of the news generators. The first prong was decided in favor of the news generators; in June 2014 the second prong was decided by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), which ruled that the temporary web cache of consumers of the aggregator did not infringe the copyright of the news generators.

title: Copyright_infringement

title: Copyright_infringement

text: In

text: Europe

text: the

text: copyright

text: infringement

text: case

text: Public

text: Relations

text: Consultants

text: Association

text: Ltd

text: v

text: Newspaper

text: Licensing

text: Agency

text: Ltd

text: had

text: two

text: prongs

text: one

text: concerned

text: whether

text: a

text: news

text: aggregator

text: service

text: infringed

text: the

text: copyright

text: of

text: the

text: news

text: generators

text: the

text: other

text: concerned

text: whether

text: the

text: temporary

text: web

text: cache

text: created

text: by

text: the

text: web

text: browser

text: of

text: a

text: consumer

text: of

text: the

text: aggregator

text: 's

text: service

text: also

text: infringed

text: the

text: copyright

text: of

text: the

text: news

text: generators

text: The

text: first

text: prong

text: was

text: decided

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: the

text: news

text: generators

text: in

text: June

text: the

text: second

text: prong

text: was

text: decided

text: by

text: the

text: Court

text: of

text: Justice

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: CJEU

text: which

text: ruled

text: that

text: the

text: temporary

text: web

text: cache

text: of

text: consumers

text: of

text: the

text: aggregator

text: did

text: not

text: infringe

text: the

text: copyright

text: of

text: the

text: news

text: generators

question: Where was the Public Relations Consultants Association Ltd v Newspaper Licensing Agency Ltd case contested?

answer: Europe

text: Europe

question: Whose copyright were news aggregators infringing on?

answer: news generators

text: news generators

question: When was the second part of the case decided?

answer: June 2014

text: June 2014

question: What did the courts rule was NOT infringement?

answer: temporary web cache of consumers

text: temporary web cache of consumers

question: Where was the Private Relations Consultants Association Ltd v Newspaper Licensing Agency Ltd case contested?

text: Europe

question: Where was the Public Relations Consultants Association Ltd v Newspaper Licensing Agency Ltd case not contested?

text: Europe

question: Whose copyright weren't news aggregators infringing on?

text: news generators

question: When was the second part of the case undecided?

text: June 2014

question: What did the courts rule was infringement?

text: temporary web cache of consumers


text: Two contrasting viewpoints on time divide many prominent philosophers. One view is that time is part of the fundamental structure of the universe—a dimension independent of events, in which events occur in sequence. Sir Isaac Newton subscribed to this realist view, and hence it is sometimes referred to as Newtonian time. The opposing view is that time does not refer to any kind of "container" that events and objects "move through", nor to any entity that "flows", but that it is instead part of a fundamental intellectual structure (together with space and number) within which humans sequence and compare events. This second view, in the tradition of Gottfried Leibniz and Immanuel Kant, holds that time is neither an event nor a thing, and thus is not itself measurable nor can it be travelled.

title: Time

title: Time

text: Two

text: contrasting

text: viewpoints

text: on

text: time

text: divide

text: many

text: prominent

text: philosophers

text: One

text: view

text: is

text: that

text: time

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: fundamental

text: structure

text: of

text: the

text: universe

text: a

text: dimension

text: independent

text: of

text: events

text: in

text: which

text: events

text: occur

text: in

text: sequence

text: Sir

text: Isaac

text: Newton

text: subscribed

text: to

text: this

text: realist

text: view

text: and

text: hence

text: it

text: is

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Newtonian

text: time

text: The

text: opposing

text: view

text: is

text: that

text: time

text: does

text: not

text: refer

text: to

text: any

text: kind

text: of

text: container

text: that

text: events

text: and

text: objects

text: move

text: through

text: nor

text: to

text: any

text: entity

text: that

text: flows

text: but

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: instead

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: fundamental

text: intellectual

text: structure

text: together

text: with

text: space

text: and

text: number

text: within

text: which

text: humans

text: sequence

text: and

text: compare

text: events

text: This

text: second

text: view

text: in

text: the

text: tradition

text: of

text: Gottfried

text: Leibniz

text: and

text: Immanuel

text: Kant

text: holds

text: that

text: time

text: is

text: neither

text: an

text: event

text: nor

text: a

text: thing

text: and

text: thus

text: is

text: not

text: itself

text: measurable

text: nor

text: can

text: it

text: be

text: travelled

question: According to one of the main viewpoints of time, time is part of the fundamental structure of what?

answer: the universe

text: the universe

question: The realist view of time is sometimes referred to as what?

answer: Newtonian time

text: Newtonian time

question: What does the opposing view of time believe time is a part of?

answer: a fundamental intellectual structure

text: a fundamental intellectual structure

question: Who is divided about the structure of the universe?

text: many prominent philosophers

question: In what order did Gottfried Leibniz believe events occur?

text: in sequence

question: What kind of time did Gottfried Leibniz believe in, as a supporter of Sir Isaac Newton?

text: Newtonian time

question: How was Immanuel Kant described, since he also believed in Newtonian time?

text: realist

question: What did Sir Issac Newton believe that you could not do in time?

text: travel

question: According to one of the main viewpoints of time, time is part of the view of what?

text: the universe

question: What is the realest view of time sometimes known as?

text: Newtonian time

question: What does the opposing view of time believe the universe is a part of?

text: a fundamental intellectual structure

question: Who subscribed to the opposing view?

text: Sir Isaac Newton

question: Who believe time is neither a structure or a view?

text: Gottfried Leibniz and Immanuel Kant


text: President Truman, symbolizing a broad-based desire for an Eisenhower candidacy for president, again in 1951 pressed him to run for the office as a Democrat. It was at this time that Eisenhower voiced his disagreements with the Democratic party and declared himself and his family to be Republicans. A "Draft Eisenhower" movement in the Republican Party persuaded him to declare his candidacy in the 1952 presidential election to counter the candidacy of non-interventionist Senator Robert A. Taft. The effort was a long struggle; Eisenhower had to be convinced that political circumstances had created a genuine duty for him to offer himself as a candidate, and that there was a mandate from the populace for him to be their President. Henry Cabot Lodge, who served as his campaign manager, and others succeeded in convincing him, and in June 1952 he resigned his command at NATO to campaign full-time. Eisenhower defeated Taft for the nomination, having won critical delegate votes from Texas. Eisenhower's campaign was noted for the simple but effective slogan, "I Like Ike". It was essential to his success that Eisenhower express opposition to Roosevelt's policy at Yalta and against Truman's policies in Korea and China—matters in which he had once participated. In defeating Taft for the nomination, it became necessary for Eisenhower to appease the right wing Old Guard of the Republican Party; his selection of Richard M. Nixon as the Vice-President on the ticket was designed in part for that purpose. Nixon also provided a strong anti-communist presence as well as some youth to counter Ike's more advanced age.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: President

text: Truman

text: symbolizing

text: a

text: broad

text: based

text: desire

text: for

text: an

text: Eisenhower

text: candidacy

text: for

text: president

text: again

text: in

text: pressed

text: him

text: to

text: run

text: for

text: the

text: office

text: as

text: a

text: Democrat

text: It

text: was

text: at

text: this

text: time

text: that

text: Eisenhower

text: voiced

text: his

text: disagreements

text: with

text: the

text: Democratic

text: party

text: and

text: declared

text: himself

text: and

text: his

text: family

text: to

text: be

text: Republicans

text: A

text: Draft

text: Eisenhower

text: movement

text: in

text: the

text: Republican

text: Party

text: persuaded

text: him

text: to

text: declare

text: his

text: candidacy

text: in

text: the

text: presidential

text: election

text: to

text: counter

text: the

text: candidacy

text: of

text: non

text: interventionist

text: Senator

text: Robert

text: A.

text: Taft

text: The

text: effort

text: was

text: a

text: long

text: struggle

text: Eisenhower

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: convinced

text: that

text: political

text: circumstances

text: had

text: created

text: a

text: genuine

text: duty

text: for

text: him

text: to

text: offer

text: himself

text: as

text: a

text: candidate

text: and

text: that

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: mandate

text: from

text: the

text: populace

text: for

text: him

text: to

text: be

text: their

text: President

text: Henry

text: Cabot

text: Lodge

text: who

text: served

text: as

text: his

text: campaign

text: manager

text: and

text: others

text: succeeded

text: in

text: convincing

text: him

text: and

text: in

text: June

text: he

text: resigned

text: his

text: command

text: at

text: NATO

text: to

text: campaign

text: full

text: time

text: Eisenhower

text: defeated

text: Taft

text: for

text: the

text: nomination

text: having

text: won

text: critical

text: delegate

text: votes

text: from

text: Texas

text: Eisenhower

text: 's

text: campaign

text: was

text: noted

text: for

text: the

text: simple

text: but

text: effective

text: slogan

text: I

text: Like

text: Ike

text: It

text: was

text: essential

text: to

text: his

text: success

text: that

text: Eisenhower

text: express

text: opposition

text: to

text: Roosevelt

text: 's

text: policy

text: at

text: Yalta

text: and

text: against

text: Truman

text: 's

text: policies

text: in

text: Korea

text: and

text: China

text: matters

text: in

text: which

text: he

text: had

text: once

text: participated

text: In

text: defeating

text: Taft

text: for

text: the

text: nomination

text: it

text: became

text: necessary

text: for

text: Eisenhower

text: to

text: appease

text: the

text: right

text: wing

text: Old

text: Guard

text: of

text: the

text: Republican

text: Party

text: his

text: selection

text: of

text: Richard

text: M.

text: Nixon

text: as

text: the

text: Vice

text: President

text: on

text: the

text: ticket

text: was

text: designed

text: in

text: part

text: for

text: that

text: purpose

text: Nixon

text: also

text: provided

text: a

text: strong

text: anti

text: communist

text: presence

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: some

text: youth

text: to

text: counter

text: Ike

text: 's

text: more

text: advanced

text: age

question: Who was President of the United States prior to Eisenhower?

answer: Truman

text: Truman

question: Truman wanted Eisenhower to run for the presidency as a member of what party?

answer: Democratic

text: Democratic

question: Who did the Republicans want to block with an Eisenhower candidacy in 1952?

answer: Robert A. Taft

text: Robert A. Taft

question: What was Taft's political office?

answer: Senator

text: Senator

question: Who was Eisenhower's campaign manager in 1952?

answer: Henry Cabot Lodge

text: Henry Cabot Lodge


text: The Queen surpassed her great-great-grandmother, Queen Victoria, to become the longest-lived British monarch in December 2007, and the longest-reigning British monarch on 9 September 2015. She was celebrated in Canada as the "longest-reigning sovereign in Canada's modern era". (King Louis XIV of France reigned over part of Canada for longer.) She is the longest-reigning queen regnant in history, the world's oldest reigning monarch and second-longest-serving current head of state after King Bhumibol Adulyadej of Thailand.

title: Elizabeth_II

title: Elizabeth_II

text: The

text: Queen

text: surpassed

text: her

text: great

text: great

text: grandmother

text: Queen

text: Victoria

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: longest

text: lived

text: British

text: monarch

text: in

text: December

text: and

text: the

text: longest

text: reigning

text: British

text: monarch

text: on

text: September

text: She

text: was

text: celebrated

text: in

text: Canada

text: as

text: the

text: longest

text: reigning

text: sovereign

text: in

text: Canada

text: 's

text: modern

text: era

text: King

text: Louis

text: XIV

text: of

text: France

text: reigned

text: over

text: part

text: of

text: Canada

text: for

text: longer

text: She

text: is

text: the

text: longest

text: reigning

text: queen

text: regnant

text: in

text: history

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oldest

text: reigning

text: monarch

text: and

text: second

text: longest

text: serving

text: current

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: after

text: King

text: Bhumibol

text: Adulyadej

text: of

text: Thailand

question: Who did Elizabeth surpass in longest lived British monarch?

answer: Queen Victoria

text: Queen Victoria

question: What relation was Victoria to Elizabeth?

answer: great-great-grandmother

text: great-great-grandmother

question: When did Elizabeth become the longest reigning monarch?

answer: 9 September 2015

text: 9 September 2015

question: In age of monarchs, what is the rank of Elizabeth's reign?

answer: world's oldest

text: world's oldest

question: What head of stat has served longer than Elizabeth?

answer: King Bhumibol Adulyadej

text: King Bhumibol Adulyadej


text: In the Romantic era, the modern piano, with a more powerful, sustained tone and a wider range took over from the more delicate-sounding fortepiano. In the orchestra, the existing Classical instruments and sections were retained (string section, woodwinds, brass and percussion), but these sections were typically expanded to make a fuller, bigger sound. For example, while a Baroque orchestra may have had two double bass players, a Romantic orchestra could have as many as ten. "As music grew more expressive, the standard orchestral palette just wasn't rich enough for many Romantic composers."  New woodwind instruments were added, such as the contrabassoon, bass clarinet and piccolo and new percussion instruments were added, including xylophones, drums, celestes (a bell-like keyboard instrument), large orchestral harps, bells, and triangles  and even wind machines for sound effects.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: In

text: the

text: Romantic

text: era

text: the

text: modern

text: piano

text: with

text: a

text: more

text: powerful

text: sustained

text: tone

text: and

text: a

text: wider

text: range

text: took

text: over

text: from

text: the

text: more

text: delicate

text: sounding

text: fortepiano

text: In

text: the

text: orchestra

text: the

text: existing

text: Classical

text: instruments

text: and

text: sections

text: were

text: retained

text: string

text: section

text: woodwinds

text: brass

text: and

text: percussion

text: but

text: these

text: sections

text: were

text: typically

text: expanded

text: to

text: make

text: a

text: fuller

text: bigger

text: sound

text: For

text: example

text: while

text: a

text: Baroque

text: orchestra

text: may

text: have

text: had

text: two

text: double

text: bass

text: players

text: a

text: Romantic

text: orchestra

text: could

text: have

text: as

text: many

text: as

text: ten

text: As

text: music

text: grew

text: more

text: expressive

text: the

text: standard

text: orchestral

text: palette

text: just

text: was

text: n't

text: rich

text: enough

text: for

text: many

text: Romantic

text: composers

text: New

text: woodwind

text: instruments

text: were

text: added

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: contrabassoon

text: bass

text: clarinet

text: and

text: piccolo

text: and

text: new

text: percussion

text: instruments

text: were

text: added

text: including

text: xylophones

text: drums

text: celestes

text: a

text: bell

text: like

text: keyboard

text: instrument

text: large

text: orchestral

text: harps

text: bells

text: and

text: triangles

text: and

text: even

text: wind

text: machines

text: for

text: sound

text: effects

question: What instrument did the modern piano take over for in the Romantic era?

answer: fortepiano

text: fortepiano

question: How many double bass players were typically used in the Baroque orchestra?

answer: two

text: two

question: What wasn't rich enough for many Romantic composers?

answer: the standard orchestral palette

text: the standard orchestral palette

question: Classical sections were expanded in the Romantic era for a fuller and bigger what?

answer: sound

text: sound

question: What is a celestes?

answer: a bell-like keyboard instrument

text: a bell-like keyboard instrument


text: The University of Kansas School of Business is a public business school located on the main campus of the University of Kansas in Lawrence, Kansas. The KU School of Business was founded in 1924 and currently has more than 80 faculty members and approximately 1500 students.

title: University_of_Kansas

title: University_of_Kansas

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Kansas

text: School

text: of

text: Business

text: is

text: a

text: public

text: business

text: school

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: main

text: campus

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Kansas

text: in

text: Lawrence

text: Kansas

text: The

text: KU

text: School

text: of

text: Business

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: and

text: currently

text: has

text: more

text: than

text: faculty

text: members

text: and

text: approximately

text: students

question: What kind of institution is KU's School of Business?

answer: public

text: public

question: Where is the business school at KU located?

answer: Lawrence

text: Lawrence

question: When was the University of Kansas School of Business established?

answer: 1924

question: How many students attend the business school at KU?

answer: 1500

question: How many educators work at the KU School of Business?

answer: more than 80

text: more than 80

question: What kind of institution isn't KU's School of Business?

text: public

question: Where is the business school at KU not located?

text: Lawrence

question: When was the University of Kansas School of Business destroyed?

question: How many students dropped out of the business school at KU?

question: How many educators volunteer at the KU School of Business?

text: more than 80


text: During a deposition filed for the 1887 trial, Italian inventor Antonio Meucci also claimed to have created the first working model of a telephone in Italy in 1834. In 1886, in the first of three cases in which he was involved, Meucci took the stand as a witness in the hopes of establishing his invention's priority. Meucci's evidence in this case was disputed due to a lack of material evidence for his inventions as his working models were purportedly lost at the laboratory of American District Telegraph (ADT) of New York, which was later incorporated as a subsidiary of Western Union in 1901. Meucci's work, like many other inventors of the period, was based on earlier acoustic principles and despite evidence of earlier experiments, the final case involving Meucci was eventually dropped upon Meucci's death. However, due to the efforts of Congressman Vito Fossella, the U.S. House of Representatives on June 11, 2002 stated that Meucci's "work in the invention of the telephone should be acknowledged", even though this did not put an end to a still contentious issue.[N 17] Some modern scholars do not agree with the claims that Bell's work on the telephone was influenced by Meucci's inventions.[N 18]

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: During

text: a

text: deposition

text: filed

text: for

text: the

text: trial

text: Italian

text: inventor

text: Antonio

text: Meucci

text: also

text: claimed

text: to

text: have

text: created

text: the

text: first

text: working

text: model

text: of

text: a

text: telephone

text: in

text: Italy

text: in

text: In

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: of

text: three

text: cases

text: in

text: which

text: he

text: was

text: involved

text: Meucci

text: took

text: the

text: stand

text: as

text: a

text: witness

text: in

text: the

text: hopes

text: of

text: establishing

text: his

text: invention

text: 's

text: priority

text: Meucci

text: 's

text: evidence

text: in

text: this

text: case

text: was

text: disputed

text: due

text: to

text: a

text: lack

text: of

text: material

text: evidence

text: for

text: his

text: inventions

text: as

text: his

text: working

text: models

text: were

text: purportedly

text: lost

text: at

text: the

text: laboratory

text: of

text: American

text: District

text: Telegraph

text: ADT

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: which

text: was

text: later

text: incorporated

text: as

text: a

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Western

text: Union

text: in

text: Meucci

text: 's

text: work

text: like

text: many

text: other

text: inventors

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: was

text: based

text: on

text: earlier

text: acoustic

text: principles

text: and

text: despite

text: evidence

text: of

text: earlier

text: experiments

text: the

text: final

text: case

text: involving

text: Meucci

text: was

text: eventually

text: dropped

text: upon

text: Meucci

text: 's

text: death

text: However

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: efforts

text: of

text: Congressman

text: Vito

text: Fossella

text: the

text: U.S.

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: on

text: June

text: stated

text: that

text: Meucci

text: 's

text: work

text: in

text: the

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: telephone

text: should

text: be

text: acknowledged

text: even

text: though

text: this

text: did

text: not

text: put

text: an

text: end

text: to

text: a

text: still

text: contentious

text: issue.[N

text: Some

text: modern

text: scholars

text: do

text: not

text: agree

text: with

text: the

text: claims

text: that

text: Bell

text: 's

text: work

text: on

text: the

text: telephone

text: was

text: influenced

text: by

text: Meucci

text: 's

text: inventions.[N

question: Who claimed to have invented the in 1834?

answer: Antonio Meucci

text: Antonio Meucci

question: How many court trials did Meucci participate in?

answer: 3

question: At what company were Meucci's prototypes supposedly lost?

answer: American District Telegraph (ADT)

text: American District Telegraph (ADT)

question: In what year did Western Union absorb ADT?

answer: 1901

question: What event caused Meucci's trials to be dropped?

answer: death

text: death


text: In an interview with Talk magazine in late 1999, Schwarzenegger was asked if he thought of running for office. He replied, "I think about it many times. The possibility is there, because I feel it inside." The Hollywood Reporter claimed shortly after that Schwarzenegger sought to end speculation that he might run for governor of California. Following his initial comments, Schwarzenegger said, "I'm in show business – I am in the middle of my career. Why would I go away from that and jump into something else?"

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: In

text: an

text: interview

text: with

text: Talk

text: magazine

text: in

text: late

text: Schwarzenegger

text: was

text: asked

text: if

text: he

text: thought

text: of

text: running

text: for

text: office

text: He

text: replied

text: I

text: think

text: about

text: it

text: many

text: times

text: The

text: possibility

text: is

text: there

text: because

text: I

text: feel

text: it

text: inside

text: The

text: Hollywood

text: Reporter

text: claimed

text: shortly

text: after

text: that

text: Schwarzenegger

text: sought

text: to

text: end

text: speculation

text: that

text: he

text: might

text: run

text: for

text: governor

text: of

text: California

text: Following

text: his

text: initial

text: comments

text: Schwarzenegger

text: said

text: I

text: 'm

text: in

text: show

text: business

text: I

text: am

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: my

text: career

text: Why

text: would

text: I

text: go

text: away

text: from

text: that

text: and

text: jump

text: into

text: something

text: else

question: What year did Schwarzenegger's interview with Talk magazine take place?

answer: 1999

question: Which media source said Schwarzenegger was trying to deal with rumors that he might run for governor of California?

answer: The Hollywood Reporter

text: The Hollywood Reporter


text: Since playing Pong while filming Jaws in 1974, Spielberg has been an avid video gamer. Spielberg played many of LucasArts adventure games, including the first Monkey Island games. He owns a Wii, a PlayStation 3, a PSP, and Xbox 360, and enjoys playing first-person shooters such as the Medal of Honor series and Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare. He has also criticized the use of cut scenes in games, calling them intrusive, and feels making story flow naturally into the gameplay is a challenge for future game developers.

title: Steven_Spielberg

title: Steven_Spielberg

text: Since

text: playing

text: Pong

text: while

text: filming

text: Jaws

text: in

text: Spielberg

text: has

text: been

text: an

text: avid

text: video

text: gamer

text: Spielberg

text: played

text: many

text: of

text: LucasArts

text: adventure

text: games

text: including

text: the

text: first

text: Monkey

text: Island

text: games

text: He

text: owns

text: a

text: Wii

text: a

text: PlayStation

text: a

text: PSP

text: and

text: Xbox

text: and

text: enjoys

text: playing

text: first

text: person

text: shooters

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Medal

text: of

text: Honor

text: series

text: and

text: Call

text: of

text: Duty

text: Modern

text: Warfare

text: He

text: has

text: also

text: criticized

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: cut

text: scenes

text: in

text: games

text: calling

text: them

text: intrusive

text: and

text: feels

text: making

text: story

text: flow

text: naturally

text: into

text: the

text: gameplay

text: is

text: a

text: challenge

text: for

text: future

text: game

text: developers

question: What was the first video game Spielberg played?

answer: Pong

text: Pong

question: When did Spielberg first play a video game?

answer: 1974

question: What movie was Spielberg working on when he first played Pong?

answer: Jaws

text: Jaws

question: What game consoles does Spielberg own?

answer: a Wii, a PlayStation 3, a PSP, and Xbox 360

text: a Wii, a PlayStation 3, a PSP, and Xbox 360

question: How does Spielberg feel about cutscenes in games?

answer: intrusive

text: intrusive

question: In what year was Pong released?

text: Pong

question: On what console did a video game come out about Jaws?

text: PlayStation 3

question: On what console can one buy a modern version of Pong?

text: PlayStation 3

question: Who thinks video game cut scenes are great?

text: Spielberg

question: What console features an updated version of the first Monkey Island game?

text: Xbox 360


text: Some copyright owners voluntarily reduce the scope of what is considered infringement by employing relatively permissive, "open" licensing strategies: rather than privately negotiating license terms with individual users who must first seek out the copyright owner and ask for permission, the copyright owner publishes and distributes the work with a prepared license that anyone can use, as long as they adhere to certain conditions. This has the effect of reducing infringement – and the burden on courts – by simply permitting certain types of uses under terms that the copyright owner considers reasonable. Examples include free software licenses, like the GNU General Public License (GPL), and the Creative Commons licenses, which are predominantly applied to visual and literary works.

title: Copyright_infringement

title: Copyright_infringement

text: Some

text: copyright

text: owners

text: voluntarily

text: reduce

text: the

text: scope

text: of

text: what

text: is

text: considered

text: infringement

text: by

text: employing

text: relatively

text: permissive

text: open

text: licensing

text: strategies

text: rather

text: than

text: privately

text: negotiating

text: license

text: terms

text: with

text: individual

text: users

text: who

text: must

text: first

text: seek

text: out

text: the

text: copyright

text: owner

text: and

text: ask

text: for

text: permission

text: the

text: copyright

text: owner

text: publishes

text: and

text: distributes

text: the

text: work

text: with

text: a

text: prepared

text: license

text: that

text: anyone

text: can

text: use

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: they

text: adhere

text: to

text: certain

text: conditions

text: This

text: has

text: the

text: effect

text: of

text: reducing

text: infringement

text: and

text: the

text: burden

text: on

text: courts

text: by

text: simply

text: permitting

text: certain

text: types

text: of

text: uses

text: under

text: terms

text: that

text: the

text: copyright

text: owner

text: considers

text: reasonable

text: Examples

text: include

text: free

text: software

text: licenses

text: like

text: the

text: GNU

text: General

text: Public

text: License

text: GPL

text: and

text: the

text: Creative

text: Commons

text: licenses

text: which

text: are

text: predominantly

text: applied

text: to

text: visual

text: and

text: literary

text: works

question: What do some copyright owners do by reducing the scope of infringement?

answer: employing relatively permissive, "open" licensing

text: employing relatively permissive, "open" licensing

question: What must a user do under a prepared license?

answer: adhere to certain conditions

text: adhere to certain conditions

question: Besides lessening the burden on the courts, what is the effect of this license?

answer: reducing infringement

text: reducing infringement

question: What is an example of a free software license?

answer: GNU General Public License

text: GNU General Public License

question: What works do Creative Commons licenses generally apply to?

answer: visual and literary works

text: visual and literary works

question: What do some copyright owners do by increasing the scope of infringement?

question: What mustn't a user do under a prepared license?

text: adhere to certain conditions

question: Besides heightening the burden on the courts, what is the effect of this license?

text: reducing infringement

question: What is an example of a paid software license?

text: GNU General Public License

question: What works do Creative Commons licenses generally not apply to?

text: visual and literary works.


text: Xbox Live Gold includes the same features as Free and includes integrated online game playing capabilities outside of third-party subscriptions. Microsoft has allowed previous Xbox Live subscribers to maintain their profile information, friends list, and games history when they make the transition to Xbox Live Gold. To transfer an Xbox Live account to the new system, users need to link a Windows Live ID to their gamertag on Xbox.com. When users add an Xbox Live enabled profile to their console, they are required to provide the console with their passport account information and the last four digits of their credit card number, which is used for verification purposes and billing. An Xbox Live Gold account has an annual cost of US$59.99, C$59.99, NZ$90.00, GB£39.99, or €59.99. As of January 5, 2011, Xbox Live has over 30 million subscribers.

title: Xbox_360

title: Xbox_360

text: Xbox

text: Live

text: Gold

text: includes

text: the

text: same

text: features

text: as

text: Free

text: and

text: includes

text: integrated

text: online

text: game

text: playing

text: capabilities

text: outside

text: of

text: third

text: party

text: subscriptions

text: Microsoft

text: has

text: allowed

text: previous

text: Xbox

text: Live

text: subscribers

text: to

text: maintain

text: their

text: profile

text: information

text: friends

text: list

text: and

text: games

text: history

text: when

text: they

text: make

text: the

text: transition

text: to

text: Xbox

text: Live

text: Gold

text: To

text: transfer

text: an

text: Xbox

text: Live

text: account

text: to

text: the

text: new

text: system

text: users

text: need

text: to

text: link

text: a

text: Windows

text: Live

text: ID

text: to

text: their

text: gamertag

text: on

text: Xbox.com

text: When

text: users

text: add

text: an

text: Xbox

text: Live

text: enabled

text: profile

text: to

text: their

text: console

text: they

text: are

text: required

text: to

text: provide

text: the

text: console

text: with

text: their

text: passport

text: account

text: information

text: and

text: the

text: last

text: four

text: digits

text: of

text: their

text: credit

text: card

text: number

text: which

text: is

text: used

text: for

text: verification

text: purposes

text: and

text: billing

text: An

text: Xbox

text: Live

text: Gold

text: account

text: has

text: an

text: annual

text: cost

text: of

text: US$

text: C$

text: or

text: As

text: of

text: January

text: Xbox

text: Live

text: has

text: over

text: million

text: subscribers

question: What extra features do Xbox Live Gold members get?

answer: integrated online game playing capabilities outside of third-party subscriptions

text: integrated online game playing capabilities outside of third-party subscriptions

question: What information does Microsoft allow users to retain when transitioning Live subscriptions?

answer: profile information, friends list, and games history

text: profile information, friends list, and games history

question: What does a user need to do to transfer a Live account to the new system?

answer: users need to link a Windows Live ID to their gamertag on Xbox.com

text: users need to link a Windows Live ID to their gamertag on Xbox.com

question: What is the annual cost of a Live Gold membership in USD?

answer: $59.99

question: How many users are subscribed to Xbox Live?

answer: 30 million

text: 30 million

question: What do users provide to get a Windows Live ID?

question: How many users does the free version of Xbox live have?

text: over 30 million

question: What does the Free version have that Gold does not?

question: What did Microsoft force previous subscribers to change?

question: how much does a Windows Live ID cost in USD?


text: The first British Mont Blanc ascent was in 1788; the first female ascent in 1819. By the mid-1850s Swiss mountaineers had ascended most of the peaks and were eagerly sought as mountain guides. Edward Whymper reached the top of the Matterhorn in 1865 (after seven attempts), and in 1938 the last of the six great north faces of the Alps was climbed with the first ascent of the Eiger Nordwand (north face of the Eiger).

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: The

text: first

text: British

text: Mont

text: Blanc

text: ascent

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: female

text: ascent

text: in

text: By

text: the

text: Swiss

text: mountaineers

text: had

text: ascended

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: peaks

text: and

text: were

text: eagerly

text: sought

text: as

text: mountain

text: guides

text: Edward

text: Whymper

text: reached

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: Matterhorn

text: in

text: after

text: seven

text: attempts

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: of

text: the

text: six

text: great

text: north

text: faces

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: was

text: climbed

text: with

text: the

text: first

text: ascent

text: of

text: the

text: Eiger

text: Nordwand

text: north

text: face

text: of

text: the

text: Eiger

question: When was the first British Mont Blanc ascent?

answer: 1788

question: When was the first female ascent on Mont Blanc?

answer: 1819

question: When had Swiss mountaineers ascended most of the peaks?

answer: the mid-1850s

text: the mid-1850s

question: What year did Edward Whymper reach the top of the Matterhorn?

answer: 1865

question: When were the last of the six great north faces of the Alps climbed?

answer: 1938


text: Modified radicals and new variants are two common reasons for the ever-increasing number of characters. There are about 300 radicals and 100 are in common use. Creating a new character by modifying the radical is an easy way to disambiguate homographs among xíngshēngzì pictophonetic compounds. This practice began long before the standardization of Chinese script by Qin Shi Huang and continues to the present day. The traditional 3rd-person pronoun tā (他 "he, she, it"), which is written with the "person radical", illustrates modifying significs to form new characters. In modern usage, there is a graphic distinction between tā (她 "she") with the "woman radical", tā (牠 "it") with the "animal radical", tā (它 "it") with the "roof radical", and tā (祂 "He") with the "deity radical", One consequence of modifying radicals is the fossilization of rare and obscure variant logographs, some of which are not even used in Classical Chinese. For instance, he 和 "harmony, peace", which combines the "grain radical" with the "mouth radical", has infrequent variants 咊 with the radicals reversed and 龢 with the "flute radical".

title: Chinese_characters

title: Chinese_characters

text: Modified

text: radicals

text: and

text: new

text: variants

text: are

text: two

text: common

text: reasons

text: for

text: the

text: ever

text: increasing

text: number

text: of

text: characters

text: There

text: are

text: about

text: radicals

text: and

text: are

text: in

text: common

text: use

text: Creating

text: a

text: new

text: character

text: by

text: modifying

text: the

text: radical

text: is

text: an

text: easy

text: way

text: to

text: disambiguate

text: homographs

text: among

text: xíngshēngzì

text: pictophonetic

text: compounds

text: This

text: practice

text: began

text: long

text: before

text: the

text: standardization

text: of

text: Chinese

text: script

text: by

text: Qin

text: Shi

text: Huang

text: and

text: continues

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: The

text: traditional

text: person

text: pronoun

text: tā

text: 他

text: he

text: she

text: it

text: which

text: is

text: written

text: with

text: the

text: person

text: radical

text: illustrates

text: modifying

text: significs

text: to

text: form

text: new

text: characters

text: In

text: modern

text: usage

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: graphic

text: distinction

text: between

text: tā

text: 她

text: she

text: with

text: the

text: woman

text: radical

text: tā

text: 牠

text: it

text: with

text: the

text: animal

text: radical

text: tā

text: 它

text: it

text: with

text: the

text: roof

text: radical

text: and

text: tā

text: 祂

text: He

text: with

text: the

text: deity

text: radical

text: One

text: consequence

text: of

text: modifying

text: radicals

text: is

text: the

text: fossilization

text: of

text: rare

text: and

text: obscure

text: variant

text: logographs

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: not

text: even

text: used

text: in

text: Classical

text: Chinese

text: For

text: instance

text: he

text: 和

text: harmony

text: peace

text: which

text: combines

text: the

text: grain

text: radical

text: with

text: the

text: mouth

text: radical

text: has

text: infrequent

text: variants

text: 咊

text: with

text: the

text: radicals

text: reversed

text: and

text: 龢

text: with

text: the

text: flute

text: radical

question: What is written in modern usage?

answer: new characters

text: new characters

question: What is one consequence of modifying radicals?

answer: fossilization

text: fossilization

question: What combines "grain radical" with the "mouth radical"?

answer: "harmony, peace"

text: "harmony, peace"


text: Further problems hampered the Arctic project after the commencement of drilling in 2012, as Shell dealt with a series of issues that involved air permits, Coast Guard certification of a marine vessel and severe damage to essential oil-spill equipment. Additionally, difficult weather conditions resulted in the delay of drilling during mid-2012 and the already dire situation was exacerbated by the "Kulluk" incident at the end of the year. Royal Dutch Shell had invested nearly US$5 billion by this stage of the project.

title: Royal_Dutch_Shell

title: Royal_Dutch_Shell

text: Further

text: problems

text: hampered

text: the

text: Arctic

text: project

text: after

text: the

text: commencement

text: of

text: drilling

text: in

text: as

text: Shell

text: dealt

text: with

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: issues

text: that

text: involved

text: air

text: permits

text: Coast

text: Guard

text: certification

text: of

text: a

text: marine

text: vessel

text: and

text: severe

text: damage

text: to

text: essential

text: oil

text: spill

text: equipment

text: Additionally

text: difficult

text: weather

text: conditions

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: delay

text: of

text: drilling

text: during

text: and

text: the

text: already

text: dire

text: situation

text: was

text: exacerbated

text: by

text: the

text: Kulluk

text: incident

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: Royal

text: Dutch

text: Shell

text: had

text: invested

text: nearly

text: US$

text: billion

text: by

text: this

text: stage

text: of

text: the

text: project

question: What conditions caused the delay of drilling in mid-2012?

answer: difficult weather

text: difficult weather

question: What worsened the situation at the end of 2012?

answer: the "Kulluk" incident

text: the "Kulluk" incident

question: What amount had Royal Dutch Shell invested in the project by the end of 2012?

answer: nearly US$5 billion

text: nearly US$5 billion

question: In what year did drilling in the Arctic region begin?

answer: 2012

question: When did the Arctic project end?

question: Who damaged essential oil-spill equipment?

text: Coast Guard

question: How much was invested in the Kulluk incident?

text: US$5 billion

question: What caused the Kulluk incident?

text: difficult weather conditions

question: What certification was the Kulluk missing?

text: Coast Guard certification


text: Because the rotor is much lighter in weight (mass) than a conventional rotor formed from copper windings on steel laminations, the rotor can accelerate much more rapidly, often achieving a mechanical time constant under one ms. This is especially true if the windings use aluminum rather than the heavier copper. But because there is no metal mass in the rotor to act as a heat sink, even small coreless motors must often be cooled by forced air. Overheating might be an issue for coreless DC motor designs.

title: Electric_motor

title: Electric_motor

text: Because

text: the

text: rotor

text: is

text: much

text: lighter

text: in

text: weight

text: mass

text: than

text: a

text: conventional

text: rotor

text: formed

text: from

text: copper

text: windings

text: on

text: steel

text: laminations

text: the

text: rotor

text: can

text: accelerate

text: much

text: more

text: rapidly

text: often

text: achieving

text: a

text: mechanical

text: time

text: constant

text: under

text: one

text: ms

text: This

text: is

text: especially

text: true

text: if

text: the

text: windings

text: use

text: aluminum

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: heavier

text: copper

text: But

text: because

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: metal

text: mass

text: in

text: the

text: rotor

text: to

text: act

text: as

text: a

text: heat

text: sink

text: even

text: small

text: coreless

text: motors

text: must

text: often

text: be

text: cooled

text: by

text: forced

text: air

text: Overheating

text: might

text: be

text: an

text: issue

text: for

text: coreless

text: DC

text: motor

text: designs

question: What is a likely problem of coreless DC motors?

answer: Overheating

text: Overheating

question: How does a coreless rotor compare to traditional rotors in terms of weight?

answer: lighter

text: lighter

question: What advantage does a coreless rotor have over traditional variants?

answer: accelerate much more rapidly

text: accelerate much more rapidly

question: How is a coreless motor cooled?

answer: forced air

text: forced air

question: The lack of a metal mass in the core causes what function to be absent?

answer: heat sink

text: heat sink

question: What is a likely problem of coreless RC motors?

text: Overheating

question: How does a coreless rotor not compare to traditional rotors in terms of weight?

text: lighter

question: What advantage doesn't a coreless rotor have over traditional variants?

text: accelerate much more rapidly

question: How is a coreless motor warmed?

text: forced air

question: The surplus of a metal mass in the core causes what function to be absent?

text: heat sink


text: Throughout the 18th century, the watchword of translators was ease of reading. Whatever they did not understand in a text, or thought might bore readers, they omitted. They cheerfully assumed that their own style of expression was the best, and that texts should be made to conform to it in translation. For scholarship they cared no more than had their predecessors, and they did not shrink from making translations from translations in third languages, or from languages that they hardly knew, or—as in the case of James Macpherson's "translations" of Ossian—from texts that were actually of the "translator's" own composition.

title: Translation

title: Translation

text: Throughout

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: watchword

text: of

text: translators

text: was

text: ease

text: of

text: reading

text: Whatever

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: understand

text: in

text: a

text: text

text: or

text: thought

text: might

text: bore

text: readers

text: they

text: omitted

text: They

text: cheerfully

text: assumed

text: that

text: their

text: own

text: style

text: of

text: expression

text: was

text: the

text: best

text: and

text: that

text: texts

text: should

text: be

text: made

text: to

text: conform

text: to

text: it

text: in

text: translation

text: For

text: scholarship

text: they

text: cared

text: no

text: more

text: than

text: had

text: their

text: predecessors

text: and

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: shrink

text: from

text: making

text: translations

text: from

text: translations

text: in

text: third

text: languages

text: or

text: from

text: languages

text: that

text: they

text: hardly

text: knew

text: or

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: James

text: Macpherson

text: 's

text: translations

text: of

text: Ossian

text: from

text: texts

text: that

text: were

text: actually

text: of

text: the

text: translator

text: 's

text: own

text: composition

question: What was the guiding ideal of translators throughout the 18th century?

answer: ease of reading

text: ease of reading

question: If a translator didn't understand something in a text or thought it too boring to present to readers, what did they do with it?

answer: omitted

text: omitted

question: What did translators of this time assume was better than the actual text they were translating?

answer: their own style of expression

text: their own style of expression

question: How much did the translators care about scholarship?

answer: no more than had their predecessors

text: no more than had their predecessors

question: What did James Macpherson "translate" from?

answer: own composition

text: own composition

question: What was the guiding ideal of translators throughout the 14th century?

text: ease of reading

question: What did translators of this time assume was worse than the actual text they were translating?

text: their own style of expression

question: How much did the translators avoid scholarship?

text: no more than had their predecessors

question: What did James Macpherson never "translate" from?

text: own composition


text: Comparative and historical linguistics offers some clues for memorising the accent position: If one compares many standard Serbo-Croatian words to e.g. cognate Russian words, the accent in the Serbo-Croatian word will be one syllable before the one in the Russian word, with the rising tone. Historically, the rising tone appeared when the place of the accent shifted to the preceding syllable (the so-called "Neoshtokavian retraction"), but the quality of this new accent was different – its melody still "gravitated" towards the original syllable. Most Shtokavian dialects (Neoshtokavian) dialects underwent this shift, but Chakavian, Kajkavian and the Old Shtokavian dialects did not.

title: Serbo-Croatian

title: Serbo

title: Croatian

text: Comparative

text: and

text: historical

text: linguistics

text: offers

text: some

text: clues

text: for

text: memorising

text: the

text: accent

text: position

text: If

text: one

text: compares

text: many

text: standard

text: Serbo

text: Croatian

text: words

text: to

text: e.g.

text: cognate

text: Russian

text: words

text: the

text: accent

text: in

text: the

text: Serbo

text: Croatian

text: word

text: will

text: be

text: one

text: syllable

text: before

text: the

text: one

text: in

text: the

text: Russian

text: word

text: with

text: the

text: rising

text: tone

text: Historically

text: the

text: rising

text: tone

text: appeared

text: when

text: the

text: place

text: of

text: the

text: accent

text: shifted

text: to

text: the

text: preceding

text: syllable

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: Neoshtokavian

text: retraction

text: but

text: the

text: quality

text: of

text: this

text: new

text: accent

text: was

text: different

text: its

text: melody

text: still

text: gravitated

text: towards

text: the

text: original

text: syllable

text: Most

text: Shtokavian

text: dialects

text: Neoshtokavian

text: dialects

text: underwent

text: this

text: shift

text: but

text: Chakavian

text: Kajkavian

text: and

text: the

text: Old

text: Shtokavian

text: dialects

text: did

text: not

question: What is the term used when shifing the acent to the next preceding syllable?

answer: "Neoshtokavian retraction"

text: "Neoshtokavian retraction"

question: Which dialects did not follow the Neoshtokavian retraction?

answer: Chakavian, Kajkavian and the Old Shtokavian

text: Chakavian, Kajkavian and the Old Shtokavian

question: Where can one look for memorization clues concerning accent positions?

answer: Comparative and historical linguistics

text: Comparative and historical linguistics

question: What is the term used for shifting towards the orginal syllable?

text: Neoshtokavian retraction

question: When did the quality of the accent appear historically?

question: What offers some clues for how dialects were different?

text: Comparative and historical linguistics

question: What did Chakavian, Kajkavian and Old Shtokavian follow?

text: Neoshtokavian retraction

question: What was different about the sound of historical linguistics?


text: First recognized in 1900 by Max Planck, it was originally the proportionality constant between the minimal increment of energy, E, of a hypothetical electrically charged oscillator in a cavity that contained black body radiation, and the frequency, f, of its associated electromagnetic wave. In 1905 the value E, the minimal energy increment of a hypothetical oscillator, was theoretically associated by Einstein with a "quantum" or minimal element of the energy of the electromagnetic wave itself. The light quantum behaved in some respects as an electrically neutral particle, as opposed to an electromagnetic wave. It was eventually called the photon.

title: Planck_constant

title: Planck_constant

text: First

text: recognized

text: in

text: by

text: Max

text: Planck

text: it

text: was

text: originally

text: the

text: proportionality

text: constant

text: between

text: the

text: minimal

text: increment

text: of

text: energy

text: E

text: of

text: a

text: hypothetical

text: electrically

text: charged

text: oscillator

text: in

text: a

text: cavity

text: that

text: contained

text: black

text: body

text: radiation

text: and

text: the

text: frequency

text: f

text: of

text: its

text: associated

text: electromagnetic

text: wave

text: In

text: the

text: value

text: E

text: the

text: minimal

text: energy

text: increment

text: of

text: a

text: hypothetical

text: oscillator

text: was

text: theoretically

text: associated

text: by

text: Einstein

text: with

text: a

text: quantum

text: or

text: minimal

text: element

text: of

text: the

text: energy

text: of

text: the

text: electromagnetic

text: wave

text: itself

text: The

text: light

text: quantum

text: behaved

text: in

text: some

text: respects

text: as

text: an

text: electrically

text: neutral

text: particle

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: an

text: electromagnetic

text: wave

text: It

text: was

text: eventually

text: called

text: the

text: photon

question: What is energy abbreviated to in science?

answer: E

text: E

question: What is frequency also known as in science?

answer: f

text: f

question: What term describes a small amount of element?

answer: quantum

text: quantum

question: What did the light quantum, in some ways, behave as?

answer: an electrically neutral particle

text: an electrically neutral particle

question: What was later termed the photon?

answer: The light quantum

text: The light quantum

question: When did Max Planck first recognize the value of the Planck constant?

answer: 1900

question: Which scientist associated the Planck constant with a quantum five years after Planck's recognition?

answer: Einstein

text: Einstein

question: Instead of an electromagnetic wave, what did the light quantum behave as in some regards?

answer: an electrically neutral particle

text: an electrically neutral particle

question: What is the simple name given to the light quantum today?

answer: the photon

text: the photon

question: In what year was the value G associated by Einstein with quantum theories of energy?

question: Who discovered an association between the value G and quantum energy?

text: Einstein

question: What type of charge did a particle have that behaved similarly to dark quantum energy?

text: neutral

question: What term describes a large amount of element?

text: quantum

question: What is the simple name given to the dark quantum today?

text: the photon


text: Near the northern Greek borders there are also some Slavic–speaking groups, locally known as Slavomacedonian-speaking, most of whose members identify ethnically as Greeks. Their dialects can be linguistically classified as forms of either Macedonian Slavic or Bulgarian. It is estimated that after the population exchanges of 1923, Macedonia had 200,000 to 400,000 Slavic speakers. The Jewish community in Greece traditionally spoke Ladino (Judeo-Spanish), today maintained only by a few thousand speakers. Other notable minority languages include Armenian, Georgian, and the Greco-Turkic dialect spoken by the Urums, a community of Caucasus Greeks from the Tsalka region of central Georgia and ethnic Greeks from southeastern Ukraine who arrived in mainly Northern Greece as economic migrants in the 1990s.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: Near

text: the

text: northern

text: Greek

text: borders

text: there

text: are

text: also

text: some

text: Slavic

text: speaking

text: groups

text: locally

text: known

text: as

text: Slavomacedonian

text: speaking

text: most

text: of

text: whose

text: members

text: identify

text: ethnically

text: as

text: Greeks

text: Their

text: dialects

text: can

text: be

text: linguistically

text: classified

text: as

text: forms

text: of

text: either

text: Macedonian

text: Slavic

text: or

text: Bulgarian

text: It

text: is

text: estimated

text: that

text: after

text: the

text: population

text: exchanges

text: of

text: Macedonia

text: had

text: to

text: Slavic

text: speakers

text: The

text: Jewish

text: community

text: in

text: Greece

text: traditionally

text: spoke

text: Ladino

text: Judeo

text: Spanish

text: today

text: maintained

text: only

text: by

text: a

text: few

text: thousand

text: speakers

text: Other

text: notable

text: minority

text: languages

text: include

text: Armenian

text: Georgian

text: and

text: the

text: Greco

text: Turkic

text: dialect

text: spoken

text: by

text: the

text: Urums

text: a

text: community

text: of

text: Caucasus

text: Greeks

text: from

text: the

text: Tsalka

text: region

text: of

text: central

text: Georgia

text: and

text: ethnic

text: Greeks

text: from

text: southeastern

text: Ukraine

text: who

text: arrived

text: in

text: mainly

text: Northern

text: Greece

text: as

text: economic

text: migrants

text: in

text: the

question: Where are Slavic speaking groups generally found?

answer: northern Greek borders

text: northern Greek borders

question: Macedonia has how many Slavic speakers?

answer: 200,000 to 400,000

text: 200,000 to 400,000

question: Greece's Jewish community spoke what language traditionally?

answer: Ladino

text: Ladino

question: The Urums are known to speak what dialect?

answer: Greco-Turkic

text: Greco-Turkic


text: East 2nd Street begins just North of East Houston Street at Avenue C and also continues to Bowery. The East end of East 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 7th Streets is Avenue D, with East 6th Street continuing further Eastward and connecting to FDR Drive.

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

text: East

text: Street

text: begins

text: just

text: North

text: of

text: East

text: Houston

text: Street

text: at

text: Avenue

text: C

text: and

text: also

text: continues

text: to

text: Bowery

text: The

text: East

text: end

text: of

text: East

text: and

text: Streets

text: is

text: Avenue

text: D

text: with

text: East

text: Street

text: continuing

text: further

text: Eastward

text: and

text: connecting

text: to

text: FDR

text: Drive

question: East 6th Street continues further Eastward and connects to which Drive?

answer: FDR

text: FDR

question: Where is the East end of East 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 7th Streets?

answer: Avenue D

text: Avenue D

question: Which Avenue is the starting location for East 2nd Street?

answer: C

text: C

question: Which street begins just North of East Huston Street and continues to Bowery?

answer: East 2nd Street

text: East 2nd Street


text: The exact causes and motivations for Rome's military conflicts and expansions during the republic are subject to wide debate. While they can be seen as motivated by outright aggression and imperialism, historians typically take a much more nuanced view. They argue that Rome's expansion was driven by short-term defensive and inter-state factors (that is, relations with city-states and kingdoms outside Rome's hegemony), and the new contingencies that these decisions created. In its early history, as Rome successfully defended itself against foreign threats in central and then northern Italy, neighboring city-states sought the protection a Roman alliance would bring. As such, early republican Rome was not an "empire" or "state" in the modern sense, but an alliance of independent city-states (similar to the Greek hegemonies of the same period) with varying degrees of genuine independence (which itself changed over time) engaged in an alliance of mutual self-protection, but led by Rome. With some important exceptions, successful wars in early republican Rome generally led not to annexation or military occupation, but to the restoration of the way things were. But the defeated city would be weakened (sometimes with outright land concessions) and thus less able to resist Romanizing influences, such as Roman settlers seeking land or trade with the growing Roman confederacy. It was also less able to defend itself against its non-Roman enemies, which made attack by these enemies more likely. It was, therefore, more likely to seek an alliance of protection with Rome.

title: Roman_Republic

title: Roman_Republic

text: The

text: exact

text: causes

text: and

text: motivations

text: for

text: Rome

text: 's

text: military

text: conflicts

text: and

text: expansions

text: during

text: the

text: republic

text: are

text: subject

text: to

text: wide

text: debate

text: While

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: seen

text: as

text: motivated

text: by

text: outright

text: aggression

text: and

text: imperialism

text: historians

text: typically

text: take

text: a

text: much

text: more

text: nuanced

text: view

text: They

text: argue

text: that

text: Rome

text: 's

text: expansion

text: was

text: driven

text: by

text: short

text: term

text: defensive

text: and

text: inter

text: state

text: factors

text: that

text: is

text: relations

text: with

text: city

text: states

text: and

text: kingdoms

text: outside

text: Rome

text: 's

text: hegemony

text: and

text: the

text: new

text: contingencies

text: that

text: these

text: decisions

text: created

text: In

text: its

text: early

text: history

text: as

text: Rome

text: successfully

text: defended

text: itself

text: against

text: foreign

text: threats

text: in

text: central

text: and

text: then

text: northern

text: Italy

text: neighboring

text: city

text: states

text: sought

text: the

text: protection

text: a

text: Roman

text: alliance

text: would

text: bring

text: As

text: such

text: early

text: republican

text: Rome

text: was

text: not

text: an

text: empire

text: or

text: state

text: in

text: the

text: modern

text: sense

text: but

text: an

text: alliance

text: of

text: independent

text: city

text: states

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: Greek

text: hegemonies

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: period

text: with

text: varying

text: degrees

text: of

text: genuine

text: independence

text: which

text: itself

text: changed

text: over

text: time

text: engaged

text: in

text: an

text: alliance

text: of

text: mutual

text: self

text: protection

text: but

text: led

text: by

text: Rome

text: With

text: some

text: important

text: exceptions

text: successful

text: wars

text: in

text: early

text: republican

text: Rome

text: generally

text: led

text: not

text: to

text: annexation

text: or

text: military

text: occupation

text: but

text: to

text: the

text: restoration

text: of

text: the

text: way

text: things

text: were

text: But

text: the

text: defeated

text: city

text: would

text: be

text: weakened

text: sometimes

text: with

text: outright

text: land

text: concessions

text: and

text: thus

text: less

text: able

text: to

text: resist

text: Romanizing

text: influences

text: such

text: as

text: Roman

text: settlers

text: seeking

text: land

text: or

text: trade

text: with

text: the

text: growing

text: Roman

text: confederacy

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: less

text: able

text: to

text: defend

text: itself

text: against

text: its

text: non

text: Roman

text: enemies

text: which

text: made

text: attack

text: by

text: these

text: enemies

text: more

text: likely

text: It

text: was

text: therefore

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: seek

text: an

text: alliance

text: of

text: protection

text: with

text: Rome

question: What factor is considered by some to be the main driving force behind the expansion of Rome?

answer: inter-state factors

text: inter-state factors

question: What type of policy is considered by some to be responsible for Rome's many military conflicts?

answer: imperialism

text: imperialism

question: What was a common conclusion to wars in the early days of republican Rome?

answer: restoration of the way things were

text: restoration of the way things were

question: What type of alliance was created between the various Roman city-states?

answer: mutual self-protection

text: mutual self-protection

question: What did Roman settlers commonly seek out?

answer: land

text: land


text: Under the Bretton Woods system established after World War II, the value of gold was fixed to $35 per ounce, and the value of the U.S. dollar was thus anchored to the value of gold. Rising government spending in the 1960s, however, led to doubts about the ability of the United States to maintain this convertibility, gold stocks dwindled as banks and international investors began to convert dollars to gold, and as a result the value of the dollar began to decline. Facing an emerging currency crisis and the imminent danger that the United States would no longer be able to redeem dollars for gold, gold convertibility was finally terminated in 1971 by President Nixon, resulting in the "Nixon shock".

title: United_States_dollar

title: United_States_dollar

text: Under

text: the

text: Bretton

text: Woods

text: system

text: established

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: the

text: value

text: of

text: gold

text: was

text: fixed

text: to

text: per

text: ounce

text: and

text: the

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: dollar

text: was

text: thus

text: anchored

text: to

text: the

text: value

text: of

text: gold

text: Rising

text: government

text: spending

text: in

text: the

text: however

text: led

text: to

text: doubts

text: about

text: the

text: ability

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: to

text: maintain

text: this

text: convertibility

text: gold

text: stocks

text: dwindled

text: as

text: banks

text: and

text: international

text: investors

text: began

text: to

text: convert

text: dollars

text: to

text: gold

text: and

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: the

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: dollar

text: began

text: to

text: decline

text: Facing

text: an

text: emerging

text: currency

text: crisis

text: and

text: the

text: imminent

text: danger

text: that

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: would

text: no

text: longer

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: redeem

text: dollars

text: for

text: gold

text: gold

text: convertibility

text: was

text: finally

text: terminated

text: in

text: by

text: President

text: Nixon

text: resulting

text: in

text: the

text: Nixon

text: shock

question: When was the Bretton Woods system established?

answer: after World War II

text: after World War II

question: What was the fixed value of gold?

answer: $35 per ounce

text: $35 per ounce

question: What was the value of the U.S. dollar linked to?

answer: the value of gold

text: the value of gold

question: What did banks and investors do that devalued the dollar?

answer: convert dollars to gold

text: convert dollars to gold

question: In which year was gold convertability terminated?

answer: 1971

question: When was the Nixon Woods system established?

text: after World War II

question: What was the fixed value of stocks?

text: $35 per ounce

question: What was the value of the Nixon investors linked to?

text: the value of gold

question: What did banks and investors do that terminated the dollar?

text: convert dollars to gold

question: In which year were dollars terminated?


text: Many of NARA's most requested records are frequently used for genealogy research. This includes census records from 1790 to 1930, ships' passenger lists, and naturalization records.

title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

text: Many

text: of

text: NARA

text: 's

text: most

text: requested

text: records

text: are

text: frequently

text: used

text: for

text: genealogy

text: research

text: This

text: includes

text: census

text: records

text: from

text: to

text: ships

text: passenger

text: lists

text: and

text: naturalization

text: records

question: Besides census records and passenger lists, what NARA documents are particularly useful to genealogists?

answer: naturalization records

text: naturalization records

question: For what time period does NARA have census records available for?

answer: 1790 to 1930

text: 1790 to 1930

question: During what period did Europeans immigrate to the US?

text: 1790 to 1930

question: How many passengers are typically on a ship?

question: What is the farthest year you can go back when studying your genealogy?

question: In what year was genealogy the most popular?

question: What did the government start taking to count the population in 1790?

text: census


text: Missionary efforts to Scandinavia during the 9th and 10th centuries helped strengthen the growth of kingdoms such as Sweden, Denmark, and Norway, which gained power and territory. Some kings converted to Christianity, although not all by 1000. Scandinavians also expanded and colonised throughout Europe. Besides the settlements in Ireland, England, and Normandy, further settlement took place in what became Russia and in Iceland. Swedish traders and raiders ranged down the rivers of the Russian steppe, and even attempted to seize Constantinople in 860 and 907. Christian Spain, initially driven into a small section of the peninsula in the north, expanded slowly south during the 9th and 10th centuries, establishing the kingdoms of Asturias and León.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: Missionary

text: efforts

text: to

text: Scandinavia

text: during

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: helped

text: strengthen

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: kingdoms

text: such

text: as

text: Sweden

text: Denmark

text: and

text: Norway

text: which

text: gained

text: power

text: and

text: territory

text: Some

text: kings

text: converted

text: to

text: Christianity

text: although

text: not

text: all

text: by

text: Scandinavians

text: also

text: expanded

text: and

text: colonised

text: throughout

text: Europe

text: Besides

text: the

text: settlements

text: in

text: Ireland

text: England

text: and

text: Normandy

text: further

text: settlement

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: what

text: became

text: Russia

text: and

text: in

text: Iceland

text: Swedish

text: traders

text: and

text: raiders

text: ranged

text: down

text: the

text: rivers

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: steppe

text: and

text: even

text: attempted

text: to

text: seize

text: Constantinople

text: in

text: and

text: Christian

text: Spain

text: initially

text: driven

text: into

text: a

text: small

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: peninsula

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: expanded

text: slowly

text: south

text: during

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: establishing

text: the

text: kingdoms

text: of

text: Asturias

text: and

text: León

question: Along with Sweden and Norway, what country saw missionary activity in the 9th and 10th centuries?

answer: Denmark

text: Denmark

question: Along with 860, in what year did Swedish raiders attempt to conquer Constantinople?

answer: 907

question: Along with the kingdom of León, what Spanish kingdom was established during this period?

answer: Asturias

text: Asturias

question: Along with Iceland, Normandy, Ireland and England, what other area did Scandinavians colonize during this period?

answer: Russia

text: Russia


text: Some countries were not included for various reasons, such as being a non-UN member or unable or unwilling to provide the necessary data at the time of publication. Besides the states with limited recognition, the following states were also not included.

title: Human_Development_Index

title: Human_Development_Index

text: Some

text: countries

text: were

text: not

text: included

text: for

text: various

text: reasons

text: such

text: as

text: being

text: a

text: non

text: UN

text: member

text: or

text: unable

text: or

text: unwilling

text: to

text: provide

text: the

text: necessary

text: data

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: publication

text: Besides

text: the

text: states

text: with

text: limited

text: recognition

text: the

text: following

text: states

text: were

text: also

text: not

text: included

question: What three reasons were mentioned for countries being excluded?

answer: being a non-UN member or unable or unwilling to provide the necessary data at the time of publication

text: being a non-UN member or unable or unwilling to provide the necessary data at the time of publication

question: What four reasons were mentioned for countries being excluded?


text: Airports may also contain premium and VIP services. The premium and VIP services may include express check-in and dedicated check-in counters. These services are usually reserved for First and Business class passengers, premium frequent flyers, and members of the airline's clubs. Premium services may sometimes be open to passengers who are members of a different airline's frequent flyer program. This can sometimes be part of a reciprocal deal, as when multiple airlines are part of the same alliance, or as a ploy to attract premium customers away from rival airlines.

title: Airport

title: Airport

text: Airports

text: may

text: also

text: contain

text: premium

text: and

text: VIP

text: services

text: The

text: premium

text: and

text: VIP

text: services

text: may

text: include

text: express

text: check

text: in

text: and

text: dedicated

text: check

text: in

text: counters

text: These

text: services

text: are

text: usually

text: reserved

text: for

text: First

text: and

text: Business

text: class

text: passengers

text: premium

text: frequent

text: flyers

text: and

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: airline

text: 's

text: clubs

text: Premium

text: services

text: may

text: sometimes

text: be

text: open

text: to

text: passengers

text: who

text: are

text: members

text: of

text: a

text: different

text: airline

text: 's

text: frequent

text: flyer

text: program

text: This

text: can

text: sometimes

text: be

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: reciprocal

text: deal

text: as

text: when

text: multiple

text: airlines

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: alliance

text: or

text: as

text: a

text: ploy

text: to

text: attract

text: premium

text: customers

text: away

text: from

text: rival

text: airlines

question: What are some services that are offered by VIP services?

answer: express check-in and dedicated check-in counters

text: express check-in and dedicated check-in counters

question: These services are usually reserved for what class of passengers?

answer: First and Business class

text: First and Business class

question: What type of services are sometimes open to passengers who are members of a different airline's frequent flyer program?

answer: Premium services

text: Premium services

question: What do rival airlines offer to customers?

text: premium and VIP services

question: What are First and Business class services?

question: What are two groups that are usually in the frequent flyer program?

question: What services are always available to passengers who fly with more than one airline?

text: Premium services

question: Where does an airline want to attract regular passengers from?

text: rival airlines


text: Many early LDs were not manufactured properly; sometimes a substandard adhesive was used to sandwich together the two sides of the disc.[citation needed] The adhesive contained impurities that were able to penetrate the lacquer seal layer and chemically attack the metalized reflective aluminium layer, causing it to oxidize and lose its reflective characteristics. This was a problem that was termed "laser rot" among LD enthusiasts, also called "color flash" internally by LaserDisc-pressing plants. Some forms of laser rot could appear as black spots that looked like mold or burned plastic which cause the disc to skip and the movie to exhibit excessive speckling noise. But, for the most part, rotted discs could actually appear perfectly fine to the naked eye.

title: LaserDisc

title: LaserDisc

text: Many

text: early

text: LDs

text: were

text: not

text: manufactured

text: properly

text: sometimes

text: a

text: substandard

text: adhesive

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: sandwich

text: together

text: the

text: two

text: sides

text: of

text: the

text: disc.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: adhesive

text: contained

text: impurities

text: that

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: penetrate

text: the

text: lacquer

text: seal

text: layer

text: and

text: chemically

text: attack

text: the

text: metalized

text: reflective

text: aluminium

text: layer

text: causing

text: it

text: to

text: oxidize

text: and

text: lose

text: its

text: reflective

text: characteristics

text: This

text: was

text: a

text: problem

text: that

text: was

text: termed

text: laser

text: rot

text: among

text: LD

text: enthusiasts

text: also

text: called

text: color

text: flash

text: internally

text: by

text: LaserDisc

text: pressing

text: plants

text: Some

text: forms

text: of

text: laser

text: rot

text: could

text: appear

text: as

text: black

text: spots

text: that

text: looked

text: like

text: mold

text: or

text: burned

text: plastic

text: which

text: cause

text: the

text: disc

text: to

text: skip

text: and

text: the

text: movie

text: to

text: exhibit

text: excessive

text: speckling

text: noise

text: But

text: for

text: the

text: most

text: part

text: rotted

text: discs

text: could

text: actually

text: appear

text: perfectly

text: fine

text: to

text: the

text: naked

text: eye

question: What substandard product was used in LD manufacturing that caused "laser rot"?

answer: adhesive

text: adhesive

question: What was the internal name for "laser rot" within LD processing plants?

answer: "color flash"

text: "color flash"

question: What problems could occur with laser rot?

answer: black spots that looked like mold or burned plastic which cause the disc to skip and the movie to exhibit excessive speckling noise

text: black spots that looked like mold or burned plastic which cause the disc to skip and the movie to exhibit excessive speckling noise


text: AC radio stations may play mainstream music, but they will exclude hip hop, dance tracks, hard rock, and some forms of teen pop, as they are less popular amongst the target demographic of these radio stations, which is intended for an adult audience. AC radio often targets the 25–44 age group, the demographic that has received the most attention from advertisers since the 1960s. A common practice in recent years is that many adult contemporary stations play less newer music because they also give ample airtime to hits of the past, so the de-emphasis on new songs slows the progression of the AC chart.

title: Adult_contemporary_music

title: Adult_contemporary_music

text: AC

text: radio

text: stations

text: may

text: play

text: mainstream

text: music

text: but

text: they

text: will

text: exclude

text: hip

text: hop

text: dance

text: tracks

text: hard

text: rock

text: and

text: some

text: forms

text: of

text: teen

text: pop

text: as

text: they

text: are

text: less

text: popular

text: amongst

text: the

text: target

text: demographic

text: of

text: these

text: radio

text: stations

text: which

text: is

text: intended

text: for

text: an

text: adult

text: audience

text: AC

text: radio

text: often

text: targets

text: the

text: age

text: group

text: the

text: demographic

text: that

text: has

text: received

text: the

text: most

text: attention

text: from

text: advertisers

text: since

text: the

text: A

text: common

text: practice

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: is

text: that

text: many

text: adult

text: contemporary

text: stations

text: play

text: less

text: newer

text: music

text: because

text: they

text: also

text: give

text: ample

text: airtime

text: to

text: hits

text: of

text: the

text: past

text: so

text: the

text: de

text: emphasis

text: on

text: new

text: songs

text: slows

text: the

text: progression

text: of

text: the

text: AC

text: chart

question: What age group does adult contemporary radio typically focus on?

answer: 25–44

question: Along with teen pop, dance and hard rock, what form of music is typically not heard on AC radio?

answer: hip hop

text: hip hop

question: When did advertisers begin to focus on the adult contemporary age demographic?

answer: 1960s

question: What type of music are AC stations noted as playing less of versus hits of the past?

answer: newer music

text: newer music


text: The ship RMS Saint Helena runs between St Helena and Cape Town on a 5-day voyage, also visiting Ascension Island and Walvis Bay, and occasionally voyaging north to Tenerife and Portland, UK. It berths in James Bay, St Helena approximately thirty times per year. The RMS Saint Helena was due for decommissioning in 2010. However, its service life has been extended indefinitely until the airport is completed.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: The

text: ship

text: RMS

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: runs

text: between

text: St

text: Helena

text: and

text: Cape

text: Town

text: on

text: a

text: voyage

text: also

text: visiting

text: Ascension

text: Island

text: and

text: Walvis

text: Bay

text: and

text: occasionally

text: voyaging

text: north

text: to

text: Tenerife

text: and

text: Portland

text: UK

text: It

text: berths

text: in

text: James

text: Bay

text: St

text: Helena

text: approximately

text: thirty

text: times

text: per

text: year

text: The

text: RMS

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: was

text: due

text: for

text: decommissioning

text: in

text: However

text: its

text: service

text: life

text: has

text: been

text: extended

text: indefinitely

text: until

text: the

text: airport

text: is

text: completed

question: What ship runs between Saint Helena and Cape town on 5 day voyages?

answer: RMS Saint Helena

text: RMS Saint Helena

question: What year was the RMS Saint Helena supposed to be decommissioned?

answer: 2010

question: What needs to be completed before the RMS Saint Helena can be decommissioned?

answer: the airport

text: the airport


text: Despite conflicts with the rival monarchic Chetnik movement, Tito's Partisans succeeded in liberating territory, notably the "Republic of Užice". During this period, Tito held talks with Chetnik leader Draža Mihailović on 19 September and 27 October 1941. It is said that Tito ordered his forces to assist escaping Jews, and that more than 2,000 Jews fought directly for Tito.

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: Despite

text: conflicts

text: with

text: the

text: rival

text: monarchic

text: Chetnik

text: movement

text: Tito

text: 's

text: Partisans

text: succeeded

text: in

text: liberating

text: territory

text: notably

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Užice

text: During

text: this

text: period

text: Tito

text: held

text: talks

text: with

text: Chetnik

text: leader

text: Draža

text: Mihailović

text: on

text: September

text: and

text: October

text: It

text: is

text: said

text: that

text: Tito

text: ordered

text: his

text: forces

text: to

text: assist

text: escaping

text: Jews

text: and

text: that

text: more

text: than

text: Jews

text: fought

text: directly

text: for

text: Tito

question: Who succeeded in liberating territory despite conflicts?

answer: Partisans

text: Partisans

question: Who did the Partisans have conflicts with?

answer: Chetnik movement

text: Chetnik movement

question: Which Chetnik leader did Tito hold talks with?

answer: Draža Mihailović

text: Draža Mihailović

question: Which group did Tito order his forces to assist?

answer: escaping Jews,

text: escaping Jews,

question: 2000 of what group fought directly for Tito?

answer: Jews

text: Jews


text: The Lost Pubs Project listed 28,095 closed pubs on 21 April 2015, with photographs of many. In 2015 the rate of pub closures came under the scrutiny of Parliament in the UK, with a promise of legislation to improve relations between owners and tenants.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: The

text: Lost

text: Pubs

text: Project

text: listed

text: closed

text: pubs

text: on

text: April

text: with

text: photographs

text: of

text: many

text: In

text: the

text: rate

text: of

text: pub

text: closures

text: came

text: under

text: the

text: scrutiny

text: of

text: Parliament

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: with

text: a

text: promise

text: of

text: legislation

text: to

text: improve

text: relations

text: between

text: owners

text: and

text: tenants

question: How many closed pubs did The Lost Pubs Project catalog?

answer: 28,095

question: In what year did Parliament inquire into the frequency of pub closures?

answer: 2015

question: What did Parliament promise to pass as a result of increased pub closures?

answer: legislation to improve relations between owners and tenants

text: legislation to improve relations between owners and tenants


text: Pope Saint John XXIII (Latin: Ioannes XXIII; Italian: Giovanni XXIII) born Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli,[a] Italian pronunciation: [ˈandʒelo dʒuˈzɛppe roŋˈkalli]; 25 November 1881 – 3 June 1963) reigned as Pope from 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963 and was canonized on 27 April 2014. Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli was the fourth of fourteen children born to a family of sharecroppers who lived in a village in Lombardy. He was ordained to the priesthood on 10 August 1904 and served in a number of posts, including papal nuncio in France and a delegate to Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. In a consistory on 12 January 1953 Pope Pius XII made Roncalli a cardinal as the Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prisca in addition to naming him as the Patriarch of Venice.

title: Pope_John_XXIII

title: Pope_John_XXIII

text: Pope

text: Saint

text: John

text: XXIII

text: Latin

text: Ioannes

text: XXIII

text: Italian

text: Giovanni

text: XXIII

text: born

text: Angelo

text: Giuseppe

text: Roncalli,[a

text: Italian

text: pronunciation

text: ˈandʒelo

text: dʒuˈzɛppe

text: roŋˈkalli

text: November

text: June

text: reigned

text: as

text: Pope

text: from

text: October

text: to

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: canonized

text: on

text: April

text: Angelo

text: Giuseppe

text: Roncalli

text: was

text: the

text: fourth

text: of

text: fourteen

text: children

text: born

text: to

text: a

text: family

text: of

text: sharecroppers

text: who

text: lived

text: in

text: a

text: village

text: in

text: Lombardy

text: He

text: was

text: ordained

text: to

text: the

text: priesthood

text: on

text: August

text: and

text: served

text: in

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: posts

text: including

text: papal

text: nuncio

text: in

text: France

text: and

text: a

text: delegate

text: to

text: Bulgaria

text: Greece

text: and

text: Turkey

text: In

text: a

text: consistory

text: on

text: January

text: Pope

text: Pius

text: XII

text: made

text: Roncalli

text: a

text: cardinal

text: as

text: the

text: Cardinal

text: Priest

text: of

text: Santa

text: Prisca

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: naming

text: him

text: as

text: the

text: Patriarch

text: of

text: Venice

question: What was Pope Saint John XXIII's birth name?

answer: Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli

text: Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli

question: When was Pope Saint John XXIII born?

answer: 25 November 1881

text: 25 November 1881

question: When did Pope Saint XXIII die?

answer: 3 June 1963

text: 3 June 1963

question: How long did he reign as Pope?

answer: 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963

text: 28 October 1958 to his death in 1963

question: When was he ordained to the priesthood?

answer: 10 August 1904

text: 10 August 1904

question: When was Pope Pius XII born?

text: 25 November 1881

question: When did Pope Pius XII die?

text: 3 June 1963

question: How long did Pope Pius XII reign as Pope?

question: When was Pope Pius XII canonized?

text: 27 April 2014

question: What was the birth name of Pope Pius XII?

text: Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli


text: On November 17, 2014, Students for Fair Admissions, an offshoot of the Project on Fair Representation, filed lawsuits in federal district court challenging the admissions practices of Harvard University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The UNC-Chapel Hill lawsuit alleges discrimination against white and Asian students, while the Harvard lawsuit focuses on discrimination against Asian applicants. Both universities requested the court to halt the lawsuits until the U.S. Supreme Court provides clarification of relevant law by ruling in Fisher v. University of Texas at Austin for the second time. This Supreme Court case will likely be decided in June 2016 or slightly earlier.

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: On

text: November

text: Students

text: for

text: Fair

text: Admissions

text: an

text: offshoot

text: of

text: the

text: Project

text: on

text: Fair

text: Representation

text: filed

text: lawsuits

text: in

text: federal

text: district

text: court

text: challenging

text: the

text: admissions

text: practices

text: of

text: Harvard

text: University

text: and

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: at

text: Chapel

text: Hill

text: The

text: UNC

text: Chapel

text: Hill

text: lawsuit

text: alleges

text: discrimination

text: against

text: white

text: and

text: Asian

text: students

text: while

text: the

text: Harvard

text: lawsuit

text: focuses

text: on

text: discrimination

text: against

text: Asian

text: applicants

text: Both

text: universities

text: requested

text: the

text: court

text: to

text: halt

text: the

text: lawsuits

text: until

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: provides

text: clarification

text: of

text: relevant

text: law

text: by

text: ruling

text: in

text: Fisher

text: v.

text: University

text: of

text: Texas

text: at

text: Austin

text: for

text: the

text: second

text: time

text: This

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: case

text: will

text: likely

text: be

text: decided

text: in

text: June

text: or

text: slightly

text: earlier

question: On which date were lawsuits filed against Harvard and Chapel Hill?

answer: November 17, 2014

text: November 17, 2014

question: Who filed the lawsuits against the Universities?

answer: Students for Fair Admissions

text: Students for Fair Admissions

question: Other than Asian students, who else was allegedly being discriminated against?

answer: white

text: white

question: What is the Students for Fair Admissions an offshoot of?

answer: Project on Fair Representation

text: Project on Fair Representation

question: What are the Universities waiting for before proceeding with the lawsuit?

answer: until the U.S. Supreme Court provides clarification of relevant law

text: until the U.S. Supreme Court provides clarification of relevant law

question: On which date were lawsuits filed with Harvard and Chapel Hill?

text: November 17, 2014

question: Who filed the lawsuits with the Universities?

text: Students for Fair Admissions

question: Other than African students, who else was allegedly being discriminated against?

text: white

question: What is the Students for Fair Admissions not an offshoot of?

text: Project on Fair Representation

question: What are the Universities waiting for after proceeding with the lawsuit?


text: The Classical era stringed instruments were the four instruments which form the string section of the orchestra: the violin, viola, cello and contrabass. Woodwinds included the basset clarinet, basset horn, clarinette d'amour, the Classical clarinet, the chalumeau, the flute, oboe and bassoon. Keyboard instruments included the clavichord and the fortepiano. While the harpsichord was still used in basso continuo accompaniment in the 1750s and 1760s, it fell out of use in the end of the century. Brass instruments included the buccin, the ophicleide (a serpent replacement which was the precursor of tuba) and the natural horn.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: The

text: Classical

text: era

text: stringed

text: instruments

text: were

text: the

text: four

text: instruments

text: which

text: form

text: the

text: string

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: orchestra

text: the

text: violin

text: viola

text: cello

text: and

text: contrabass

text: Woodwinds

text: included

text: the

text: basset

text: clarinet

text: basset

text: horn

text: clarinette

text: d'amour

text: the

text: Classical

text: clarinet

text: the

text: chalumeau

text: the

text: flute

text: oboe

text: and

text: bassoon

text: Keyboard

text: instruments

text: included

text: the

text: clavichord

text: and

text: the

text: fortepiano

text: While

text: the

text: harpsichord

text: was

text: still

text: used

text: in

text: basso

text: continuo

text: accompaniment

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: it

text: fell

text: out

text: of

text: use

text: in

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Brass

text: instruments

text: included

text: the

text: buccin

text: the

text: ophicleide

text: a

text: serpent

text: replacement

text: which

text: was

text: the

text: precursor

text: of

text: tuba

text: and

text: the

text: natural

text: horn

question: The violin, cello, contrabass and what other instrument form the string section of the orchestra?

answer: viola

text: viola

question: The flute, oboe and bassoon are all what type of instrument?

answer: Woodwinds

text: Woodwinds

question: What instrument fell out of use after the 1760s?

answer: the harpsichord

text: the harpsichord

question: What instrument was the precursor of the tuba?

answer: the ophicleide

text: the ophicleide