text: On 25 September, Seoul was recaptured by South Korean forces. American air raids caused heavy damage to the KPA, destroying most of its tanks and much of its artillery. North Korean troops in the south, instead of effectively withdrawing north, rapidly disintegrated, leaving Pyongyang vulnerable. During the general retreat only 25,000 to 30,000 soldiers managed to rejoin the Northern KPA lines. On 27 September, Stalin convened an emergency session of the Politburo, in which he condemned the incompetence of the KPA command and held Soviet military advisers responsible for the defeat.

title: Korean_War

title: Korean_War

text: On

text: September

text: Seoul

text: was

text: recaptured

text: by

text: South

text: Korean

text: forces

text: American

text: air

text: raids

text: caused

text: heavy

text: damage

text: to

text: the

text: KPA

text: destroying

text: most

text: of

text: its

text: tanks

text: and

text: much

text: of

text: its

text: artillery

text: North

text: Korean

text: troops

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: instead

text: of

text: effectively

text: withdrawing

text: north

text: rapidly

text: disintegrated

text: leaving

text: Pyongyang

text: vulnerable

text: During

text: the

text: general

text: retreat

text: only

text: to

text: soldiers

text: managed

text: to

text: rejoin

text: the

text: Northern

text: KPA

text: lines

text: On

text: September

text: Stalin

text: convened

text: an

text: emergency

text: session

text: of

text: the

text: Politburo

text: in

text: which

text: he

text: condemned

text: the

text: incompetence

text: of

text: the

text: KPA

text: command

text: and

text: held

text: Soviet

text: military

text: advisers

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: defeat

question: What emergency session was called by Stalin?

answer: Politburo

text: Politburo

question: How many troops made it back to the KPA lines after retreating?

answer: 25,000 to 30,000

text: 25,000 to 30,000

question: Who was held responsible for the defeat of North Korean troops?

answer: Soviet military advisers

text: Soviet military advisers

question: Who reclaimed the Seoul?

answer: South Korean forces.

text: South Korean forces.

question: What city was left vulnerable by North Korea's quick retreat?

answer: Pyongyang

text: Pyongyang


text: 1855:Kars: In the year up to May 1855 Turkish forces in the east were reduced from 120,000 to 75,000, mostly by disease. The local Armenian population kept Muravyev well-informed about the Turks at Kars and he judged they had about five months of supplies. He therefore decided to control the surrounding area with cavalry and starve them out. He started in May and by June was south and west of the town. A relieving force fell back and there was a possibility of taking Erzerum, but Muravyev chose not to. In late September he learned of the fall of Sevastopol and a Turkish landing at Batum. This led him to reverse policy and try a direct attack. It failed, the Russians losing 8000 men and the Turks 1500 (29 September). The blockade continued and Kars surrendered on 8 November.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: In

text: the

text: year

text: up

text: to

text: May

text: Turkish

text: forces

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: were

text: reduced

text: from

text: to

text: mostly

text: by

text: disease

text: The

text: local

text: Armenian

text: population

text: kept

text: Muravyev

text: well

text: informed

text: about

text: the

text: Turks

text: at

text: Kars

text: and

text: he

text: judged

text: they

text: had

text: about

text: five

text: months

text: of

text: supplies

text: He

text: therefore

text: decided

text: to

text: control

text: the

text: surrounding

text: area

text: with

text: cavalry

text: and

text: starve

text: them

text: out

text: He

text: started

text: in

text: May

text: and

text: by

text: June

text: was

text: south

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: town

text: A

text: relieving

text: force

text: fell

text: back

text: and

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: possibility

text: of

text: taking

text: Erzerum

text: but

text: Muravyev

text: chose

text: not

text: to

text: In

text: late

text: September

text: he

text: learned

text: of

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: Sevastopol

text: and

text: a

text: Turkish

text: landing

text: at

text: Batum

text: This

text: led

text: him

text: to

text: reverse

text: policy

text: and

text: try

text: a

text: direct

text: attack

text: It

text: failed

text: the

text: Russians

text: losing

text: men

text: and

text: the

text: Turks

text: September

text: The

text: blockade

text: continued

text: and

text: Kars

text: surrendered

text: on

text: November

question: What caused the number of Turkish soldiers to decrease?

answer: disease

text: disease

question: How man troops were the Turks forces in the east reduced to?

answer: 75,000

question: Who kept Muravyev informed about the Turks at Kar?

answer: The local Armenian population

text: The local Armenian population

question: What did Muravyev attend to do to the Turks in order to defeat them?

answer: starve them out

text: starve them out

question: What city did Muravyev decide not to take control over?

answer: Erzerum

text: Erzerum


text: With the abatement of persecution, St. Jerome acknowledged the Empire as a bulwark against evil but insisted that "imperial honours" were contrary to Christian teaching. His was an authoritative but minority voice: most Christians showed no qualms in the veneration of even "pagan" emperors. The peace of the emperors was the peace of God; as far as the Church was concerned, internal dissent and doctrinal schism were a far greater problem. The solution came from a hitherto unlikely source: as pontifex maximus Constantine I favoured the "Catholic Church of the Christians" against the Donatists because:

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: With

text: the

text: abatement

text: of

text: persecution

text: St.

text: Jerome

text: acknowledged

text: the

text: Empire

text: as

text: a

text: bulwark

text: against

text: evil

text: but

text: insisted

text: that

text: imperial

text: honours

text: were

text: contrary

text: to

text: Christian

text: teaching

text: His

text: was

text: an

text: authoritative

text: but

text: minority

text: voice

text: most

text: Christians

text: showed

text: no

text: qualms

text: in

text: the

text: veneration

text: of

text: even

text: pagan

text: emperors

text: The

text: peace

text: of

text: the

text: emperors

text: was

text: the

text: peace

text: of

text: God

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: the

text: Church

text: was

text: concerned

text: internal

text: dissent

text: and

text: doctrinal

text: schism

text: were

text: a

text: far

text: greater

text: problem

text: The

text: solution

text: came

text: from

text: a

text: hitherto

text: unlikely

text: source

text: as

text: pontifex

text: maximus

text: Constantine

text: I

text: favoured

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: of

text: the

text: Christians

text: against

text: the

text: Donatists

text: because

question: Who said the imperial honors were against Christian teachings?

answer: St. Jerome

text: St. Jerome

question: With what veneration did most Christians have little trouble?

answer: "pagan" emperors

text: "pagan" emperors

question: To what did the Christian church equate the peace of the emperors?

answer: peace of God

text: peace of God

question: What pontifax maximus favored the Catholic church?

answer: Constantine I

text: Constantine I

question: What Christian group did Constantine I disapprove?

answer: Donatists

text: Donatists


text: Following Nazi Germany's defeat in World War II in 1945, East Prussia was partitioned between Poland and the Soviet Union according to the Potsdam Conference. Southern East Prussia was placed under Polish administration, while northern East Prussia was divided between the Soviet republics of Russia (the Kaliningrad Oblast) and Lithuania (the constituent counties of the Klaipėda Region). The city of Königsberg was renamed Kaliningrad in 1946. The German population of the province largely evacuated during the war, but several hundreds of thousands died during the years 1944–46 and the remainder were subsequently expelled.

title: East_Prussia

title: East_Prussia

text: Following

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: 's

text: defeat

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: in

text: East

text: Prussia

text: was

text: partitioned

text: between

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: Potsdam

text: Conference

text: Southern

text: East

text: Prussia

text: was

text: placed

text: under

text: Polish

text: administration

text: while

text: northern

text: East

text: Prussia

text: was

text: divided

text: between

text: the

text: Soviet

text: republics

text: of

text: Russia

text: the

text: Kaliningrad

text: Oblast

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: the

text: constituent

text: counties

text: of

text: the

text: Klaipėda

text: Region

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Königsberg

text: was

text: renamed

text: Kaliningrad

text: in

text: The

text: German

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: largely

text: evacuated

text: during

text: the

text: war

text: but

text: several

text: hundreds

text: of

text: thousands

text: died

text: during

text: the

text: years

text: and

text: the

text: remainder

text: were

text: subsequently

text: expelled

question: What two countries were East Prussia partitioned into after World Was II?

answer: Poland and the Soviet Union

text: Poland and the Soviet Union

question: What was the city of Konigsberg renamed in to in 1946?

answer: Kaliningrad

text: Kaliningrad

question: What happened to most of the German population during the war in what is current day Kaliningrad?

answer: evacuated during the war

text: evacuated during the war

question: In what year did the Potsdam Conference occur?

question: In what country was Kaliningrad in 1946?

text: Lithuania

question: In what year did World War II start?

question: What was one of the countries that defeated Nazi Germany?

text: Lithuania

question: To what country were the German population expelled?

text: Soviet Union


text: The ancient-Chamorro society had four classes: chamorri (chiefs), matua (upper class), achaot (middle class), and mana'chang (lower class).:20–21 The matua were located in the coastal villages, which meant they had the best access to fishing grounds, whereas the mana'chang were located in the interior of the island. Matua and mana'chang rarely communicated with each other, and matua often used achaot as intermediaries. There were also "makåhna" (similar to shamans), skilled in healing and medicine. Belief in spirits of ancient Chamorros called "Taotao mo'na" still persists as a remnant of pre-European culture. Their society was organized along matrilineal clans.:21

title: Guam

title: Guam

text: The

text: ancient

text: Chamorro

text: society

text: had

text: four

text: classes

text: chamorri

text: chiefs

text: matua

text: upper

text: class

text: achaot

text: middle

text: class

text: and

text: mana'chang

text: lower

text: The

text: matua

text: were

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: coastal

text: villages

text: which

text: meant

text: they

text: had

text: the

text: best

text: access

text: to

text: fishing

text: grounds

text: whereas

text: the

text: mana'chang

text: were

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: interior

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: Matua

text: and

text: mana'chang

text: rarely

text: communicated

text: with

text: each

text: other

text: and

text: matua

text: often

text: used

text: achaot

text: as

text: intermediaries

text: There

text: were

text: also

text: makåhna

text: similar

text: to

text: shamans

text: skilled

text: in

text: healing

text: and

text: medicine

text: Belief

text: in

text: spirits

text: of

text: ancient

text: Chamorros

text: called

text: Taotao

text: mo'na

text: still

text: persists

text: as

text: a

text: remnant

text: of

text: pre

text: European

text: culture

text: Their

text: society

text: was

text: organized

text: along

text: matrilineal

question: Which four classes made up the ancient -Chamorro society?

answer: chamorri (chiefs), matua (upper class), achaot (middle class), and mana'chang (lower class)

text: chamorri (chiefs), matua (upper class), achaot (middle class), and mana'chang (lower class)

question: Where were the matua located on the island?

answer: coastal villages

text: coastal villages

question: Where were the mana'chag located?

answer: interior of the island

text: interior of the island

question: Where did the chamorri live?

text: interior of the island

question: Where did the matua live?

text: coastal villages

question: What did the mana'chang have the best access to?

text: fishing grounds

question: What did the matua have the best access to?

text: fishing grounds

question: Who did the makahna mostly heal with medicine?

text: mana'chang


text: The Greek Cypriot population, meanwhile, had become hopeful that the British administration would lead to enosis. The idea of enosis was historically part of the Megali Idea, a greater political ambition of a Greek state encompassing the territories with Greek inhabitants in the former Ottoman Empire, including Cyprus and Asia Minor with a capital in Constantinople, and was actively pursued by the Cypriot Orthodox Church, which had its members educated in Greece. These religious officials, together with Greek military officers and professionals, some of whom still pursued the Megali Idea, would later found the guerrilla organisation Ethniki Organosis Kyprion Agoniston or National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters (EOKA). The Greek Cypriots viewed the island as historically Greek and believed that union with Greece was a natural right. In the 1950s, the pursuit of enosis became a part of the Greek national policy,

title: Cyprus

title: Cyprus

text: The

text: Greek

text: Cypriot

text: population

text: meanwhile

text: had

text: become

text: hopeful

text: that

text: the

text: British

text: administration

text: would

text: lead

text: to

text: enosis

text: The

text: idea

text: of

text: enosis

text: was

text: historically

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Megali

text: Idea

text: a

text: greater

text: political

text: ambition

text: of

text: a

text: Greek

text: state

text: encompassing

text: the

text: territories

text: with

text: Greek

text: inhabitants

text: in

text: the

text: former

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: including

text: Cyprus

text: and

text: Asia

text: Minor

text: with

text: a

text: capital

text: in

text: Constantinople

text: and

text: was

text: actively

text: pursued

text: by

text: the

text: Cypriot

text: Orthodox

text: Church

text: which

text: had

text: its

text: members

text: educated

text: in

text: Greece

text: These

text: religious

text: officials

text: together

text: with

text: Greek

text: military

text: officers

text: and

text: professionals

text: some

text: of

text: whom

text: still

text: pursued

text: the

text: Megali

text: Idea

text: would

text: later

text: found

text: the

text: guerrilla

text: organisation

text: Ethniki

text: Organosis

text: Kyprion

text: Agoniston

text: or

text: National

text: Organisation

text: of

text: Cypriot

text: Fighters

text: EOKA

text: The

text: Greek

text: Cypriots

text: viewed

text: the

text: island

text: as

text: historically

text: Greek

text: and

text: believed

text: that

text: union

text: with

text: Greece

text: was

text: a

text: natural

text: right

text: In

text: the

text: the

text: pursuit

text: of

text: enosis

text: became

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: national

text: policy

question: Historically, the idea of enosis was part of which other idea?

answer: Megali Idea

text: Megali Idea

question: The Megali Idea was actively pursued by whom?

answer: Cypriot Orthodox Church

text: Cypriot Orthodox Church

question: What guerrilla organization was founded by religious officials and military officers?

answer: Ethniki Organosis Kyprion Agoniston or National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters (EOKA).

text: Ethniki Organosis Kyprion Agoniston or National Organisation of Cypriot Fighters (EOKA).

question: In what year decade did the pursuit of enosis become a part of national Greek policy?

answer: 1950s


text: Von Neumann's famous 9-page paper started life as a talk at Princeton and then became a paper in Germany, which was eventually translated into English. His interest in economics that led to that paper began as follows: When lecturing at Berlin in 1928 and 1929 he spent his summers back home in Budapest, and so did the economist Nicholas Kaldor, and they hit it off. Kaldor recommended that von Neumann read a book by the mathematical economist Léon Walras. Von Neumann found some faults in that book and corrected them, for example, replacing equations by inequalities. He noticed that Walras's General Equilibrium Theory and Walras' Law, which led to systems of simultaneous linear equations, could produce the absurd result that the profit could be maximized by producing and selling a negative quantity of a product. He replaced the equations by inequalities, introduced dynamic equilibria, among other things, and eventually produced the paper.

title: John_von_Neumann

title: John_von_Neumann

text: Von

text: Neumann

text: 's

text: famous

text: paper

text: started

text: life

text: as

text: a

text: talk

text: at

text: Princeton

text: and

text: then

text: became

text: a

text: paper

text: in

text: Germany

text: which

text: was

text: eventually

text: translated

text: into

text: English

text: His

text: interest

text: in

text: economics

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: that

text: paper

text: began

text: as

text: follows

text: When

text: lecturing

text: at

text: Berlin

text: in

text: and

text: he

text: spent

text: his

text: summers

text: back

text: home

text: in

text: Budapest

text: and

text: so

text: did

text: the

text: economist

text: Nicholas

text: Kaldor

text: and

text: they

text: hit

text: it

text: off

text: Kaldor

text: recommended

text: that

text: von

text: Neumann

text: read

text: a

text: book

text: by

text: the

text: mathematical

text: economist

text: Léon

text: Walras

text: Von

text: Neumann

text: found

text: some

text: faults

text: in

text: that

text: book

text: and

text: corrected

text: them

text: for

text: example

text: replacing

text: equations

text: by

text: inequalities

text: He

text: noticed

text: that

text: Walras

text: 's

text: General

text: Equilibrium

text: Theory

text: and

text: Walras

text: Law

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: systems

text: of

text: simultaneous

text: linear

text: equations

text: could

text: produce

text: the

text: absurd

text: result

text: that

text: the

text: profit

text: could

text: be

text: maximized

text: by

text: producing

text: and

text: selling

text: a

text: negative

text: quantity

text: of

text: a

text: product

text: He

text: replaced

text: the

text: equations

text: by

text: inequalities

text: introduced

text: dynamic

text: equilibria

text: among

text: other

text: things

text: and

text: eventually

text: produced

text: the

text: paper

question: When did von Neumann's interest in economics begin?

answer: When lecturing at Berlin in 1928 and 1929

text: When lecturing at Berlin in 1928 and 1929

question: What economist did von Neumann get to know that spurred the interest in economics?

answer: Nicholas Kaldor

text: Nicholas Kaldor

question: In who's book did von Neuman find errors in the author's equations?

answer: Léon Walras

text: Léon Walras


text: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections do not have symptoms, known as latent tuberculosis. About 10% of latent infections progress to active disease which, if left untreated, kills about half of those infected. The classic symptoms of active TB are a chronic cough with blood-containing sputum, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. The historical term "consumption" came about due to the weight loss. Infection of other organs can cause a wide range of symptoms.

title: Tuberculosis

title: Tuberculosis

text: Tuberculosis

text: TB

text: is

text: an

text: infectious

text: disease

text: usually

text: caused

text: by

text: the

text: bacterium

text: Mycobacterium

text: tuberculosis

text: MTB

text: Tuberculosis

text: generally

text: affects

text: the

text: lungs

text: but

text: can

text: also

text: affect

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: body

text: Most

text: infections

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: symptoms

text: known

text: as

text: latent

text: tuberculosis

text: About

text: of

text: latent

text: infections

text: progress

text: to

text: active

text: disease

text: which

text: if

text: left

text: untreated

text: kills

text: about

text: half

text: of

text: those

text: infected

text: The

text: classic

text: symptoms

text: of

text: active

text: TB

text: are

text: a

text: chronic

text: cough

text: with

text: blood

text: containing

text: sputum

text: fever

text: night

text: sweats

text: and

text: weight

text: loss

text: The

text: historical

text: term

text: consumption

text: came

text: about

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: weight

text: loss

text: Infection

text: of

text: other

text: organs

text: can

text: cause

text: a

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: symptoms

question: What bacterium causes tuberculosis infection?

answer: Mycobacterium tuberculosis

text: Mycobacterium tuberculosis

question: What primary body part is affected by tuberculosis?

answer: lungs

text: lungs

question: Roughly, what percentage of latent tuberculosis infections result in active tuberculosis?

answer: 10%

question: What name has been used to refer to tuberculosis because of associated weight loss?

answer: consumption

text: consumption

question: Along with cough, weight loss, and night sweats, what's the fourth classic symptom of the disease?

answer: fever

text: fever

question: What disease is caused by TB?

question: What percentage of infections do not have symptoms?

question: What was consumption originally called?

text: Tuberculosis

question: What is an infection with symptoms called?

text: latent tuberculosis

question: What percentage of patients with latent TB die?

text: half


text: Israel is one of the world's technological leaders in water technology. In 2011, its water technology industry was worth around $2 billion a year with annual exports of products and services in the tens of millions of dollars. The ongoing shortage of water in the country has spurred innovation in water conservation techniques, and a substantial agricultural modernization, drip irrigation, was invented in Israel. Israel is also at the technological forefront of desalination and water recycling. The Ashkelon seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) plant, the largest in the world, was voted 'Desalination Plant of the Year' in the Global Water Awards in 2006. Israel hosts an annual Water Technology Exhibition and Conference (WaTec) that attracts thousands of people from across the world. By 2014, Israel's desalination programs provided roughly 35% of Israel's drinking water and it is expected to supply 40% by 2015 and 70% by 2050. As of May 29, 2015 more than 50 percent of the water for Israeli households, agriculture and industry is artificially produced. As a result of innovations in reverse osmosis technology, Israel is set to become a net exporter of water in the coming years.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: Israel

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: technological

text: leaders

text: in

text: water

text: technology

text: In

text: its

text: water

text: technology

text: industry

text: was

text: worth

text: around

text: billion

text: a

text: year

text: with

text: annual

text: exports

text: of

text: products

text: and

text: services

text: in

text: the

text: tens

text: of

text: millions

text: of

text: dollars

text: The

text: ongoing

text: shortage

text: of

text: water

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: has

text: spurred

text: innovation

text: in

text: water

text: conservation

text: techniques

text: and

text: a

text: substantial

text: agricultural

text: modernization

text: drip

text: irrigation

text: was

text: invented

text: in

text: Israel

text: Israel

text: is

text: also

text: at

text: the

text: technological

text: forefront

text: of

text: desalination

text: and

text: water

text: recycling

text: The

text: Ashkelon

text: seawater

text: reverse

text: osmosis

text: SWRO

text: plant

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: was

text: voted

text: Desalination

text: Plant

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: in

text: the

text: Global

text: Water

text: Awards

text: in

text: Israel

text: hosts

text: an

text: annual

text: Water

text: Technology

text: Exhibition

text: and

text: Conference

text: WaTec

text: that

text: attracts

text: thousands

text: of

text: people

text: from

text: across

text: the

text: world

text: By

text: Israel

text: 's

text: desalination

text: programs

text: provided

text: roughly

text: of

text: Israel

text: 's

text: drinking

text: water

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: supply

text: by

text: and

text: by

text: As

text: of

text: May

text: more

text: than

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: water

text: for

text: Israeli

text: households

text: agriculture

text: and

text: industry

text: is

text: artificially

text: produced

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: innovations

text: in

text: reverse

text: osmosis

text: technology

text: Israel

text: is

text: set

text: to

text: become

text: a

text: net

text: exporter

text: of

text: water

text: in

text: the

text: coming

text: years

question: How much is Israel's water technology industry worth?

answer: $2 billion a year

text: $2 billion a year

question: What's the largest desalination plant in the world?

answer: The Ashkelon seawater reverse osmosis

text: The Ashkelon seawater reverse osmosis

question: How much drinking water is produced by Israel's desalination programs?

answer: 35%


text: The 1980s ushered in the age of desktop computing. The new computers empowered their users with spreadsheets like Lotus 1-2-3 and database software like dBASE. The dBASE product was lightweight and easy for any computer user to understand out of the box. C. Wayne Ratliff the creator of dBASE stated: "dBASE was different from programs like BASIC, C, FORTRAN, and COBOL in that a lot of the dirty work had already been done. The data manipulation is done by dBASE instead of by the user, so the user can concentrate on what he is doing, rather than having to mess with the dirty details of opening, reading, and closing files, and managing space allocation." dBASE was one of the top selling software titles in the 1980s and early 1990s.

title: Database

title: Database

text: The

text: ushered

text: in

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: desktop

text: computing

text: The

text: new

text: computers

text: empowered

text: their

text: users

text: with

text: spreadsheets

text: like

text: Lotus

text: and

text: database

text: software

text: like

text: dBASE

text: The

text: dBASE

text: product

text: was

text: lightweight

text: and

text: easy

text: for

text: any

text: computer

text: user

text: to

text: understand

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: box

text: C.

text: Wayne

text: Ratliff

text: the

text: creator

text: of

text: dBASE

text: stated

text: dBASE

text: was

text: different

text: from

text: programs

text: like

text: BASIC

text: C

text: FORTRAN

text: and

text: COBOL

text: in

text: that

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: the

text: dirty

text: work

text: had

text: already

text: been

text: done

text: The

text: data

text: manipulation

text: is

text: done

text: by

text: dBASE

text: instead

text: of

text: by

text: the

text: user

text: so

text: the

text: user

text: can

text: concentrate

text: on

text: what

text: he

text: is

text: doing

text: rather

text: than

text: having

text: to

text: mess

text: with

text: the

text: dirty

text: details

text: of

text: opening

text: reading

text: and

text: closing

text: files

text: and

text: managing

text: space

text: allocation

text: dBASE

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: top

text: selling

text: software

text: titles

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: early

question: Who created dBASE?

answer: C. Wayne Ratliff

text: C. Wayne Ratliff

question: Why was dBASE successful?

answer: lightweight and easy for any computer user to understand out of the box

text: lightweight and easy for any computer user to understand out of the box

question: Why was dBASE unique?

answer: data manipulation is done by dBASE

text: data manipulation is done by dBASE

question: What is a benefit of using dBASE?

answer: managing space allocation

text: managing space allocation

question: Who created BASE?

text: C. Wayne Ratliff

question: Why was dBASE unsuccessful?

question: Why was dBASE considered common?

text: data manipulation is done by dBASE

question: What is the only benefit of using dBASE?

text: managing space allocation

question: When was BASE the top selling software title?

text: 1980s and early 1990s


text: Montana's motto, Oro y Plata, Spanish for "Gold and Silver", recognizing the significant role of mining, was first adopted in 1865, when Montana was still a territory. A state seal with a miner's pick and shovel above the motto, surrounded by the mountains and the Great Falls of the Missouri River, was adopted during the first meeting of the territorial legislature in 1864–65. The design was only slightly modified after Montana became a state and adopted it as the Great Seal of the State of Montana, enacted by the legislature in 1893. The state flower, the bitterroot, was adopted in 1895 with the support of a group called the Floral Emblem Association, which formed after Montana's Women's Christian Temperance Union adopted the bitterroot as the organization's state flower. All other symbols were adopted throughout the 20th century, save for Montana's newest symbol, the state butterfly, the mourning cloak, adopted in 2001, and the state lullaby, "Montana Lullaby", adopted in 2007.

title: Montana

title: Montana

text: Montana

text: 's

text: motto

text: Oro

text: y

text: Plata

text: Spanish

text: for

text: Gold

text: and

text: Silver

text: recognizing

text: the

text: significant

text: role

text: of

text: mining

text: was

text: first

text: adopted

text: in

text: when

text: Montana

text: was

text: still

text: a

text: territory

text: A

text: state

text: seal

text: with

text: a

text: miner

text: 's

text: pick

text: and

text: shovel

text: above

text: the

text: motto

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: mountains

text: and

text: the

text: Great

text: Falls

text: of

text: the

text: Missouri

text: River

text: was

text: adopted

text: during

text: the

text: first

text: meeting

text: of

text: the

text: territorial

text: legislature

text: in

text: The

text: design

text: was

text: only

text: slightly

text: modified

text: after

text: Montana

text: became

text: a

text: state

text: and

text: adopted

text: it

text: as

text: the

text: Great

text: Seal

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Montana

text: enacted

text: by

text: the

text: legislature

text: in

text: The

text: state

text: flower

text: the

text: bitterroot

text: was

text: adopted

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: support

text: of

text: a

text: group

text: called

text: the

text: Floral

text: Emblem

text: Association

text: which

text: formed

text: after

text: Montana

text: 's

text: Women

text: 's

text: Christian

text: Temperance

text: Union

text: adopted

text: the

text: bitterroot

text: as

text: the

text: organization

text: 's

text: state

text: flower

text: All

text: other

text: symbols

text: were

text: adopted

text: throughout

text: the

text: century

text: save

text: for

text: Montana

text: 's

text: newest

text: symbol

text: the

text: state

text: butterfly

text: the

text: mourning

text: cloak

text: adopted

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: state

text: lullaby

text: Montana

text: Lullaby

text: adopted

text: in

question: What is Montana's motto?

answer: Oro y Plata

text: Oro y Plata

question: What does Montana's motto mean?

answer: "Gold and Silver"

text: "Gold and Silver"

question: When was the motto adopted?

answer: 1865

question: WHen was the state flower adopted?

answer: 1895

question: What is the state flower for Montana?

answer: bitterroot

text: bitterroot


text: The ideas of the Italian Renaissance were slow to cross the Alps into northern Europe, but important artistic innovations were made also in the Low Countries. Though not – as previously believed – the inventor of oil painting, Jan van Eyck was a champion of the new medium, and used it to create works of great realism and minute detail. The two cultures influenced each other and learned from each other, but painting in the Netherlands remained more focused on textures and surfaces than the idealized compositions of Italy.

title: Late_Middle_Ages

title: Late_Middle_Ages

text: The

text: ideas

text: of

text: the

text: Italian

text: Renaissance

text: were

text: slow

text: to

text: cross

text: the

text: Alps

text: into

text: northern

text: Europe

text: but

text: important

text: artistic

text: innovations

text: were

text: made

text: also

text: in

text: the

text: Low

text: Countries

text: Though

text: not

text: as

text: previously

text: believed

text: the

text: inventor

text: of

text: oil

text: painting

text: Jan

text: van

text: Eyck

text: was

text: a

text: champion

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: medium

text: and

text: used

text: it

text: to

text: create

text: works

text: of

text: great

text: realism

text: and

text: minute

text: detail

text: The

text: two

text: cultures

text: influenced

text: each

text: other

text: and

text: learned

text: from

text: each

text: other

text: but

text: painting

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: remained

text: more

text: focused

text: on

text: textures

text: and

text: surfaces

text: than

text: the

text: idealized

text: compositions

text: of

text: Italy

question: What was the focus of paintings in Italy?

answer: idealized compositions

text: idealized compositions

question: Where was the focus of paintings on textures and surfaces?

answer: the Netherlands

text: the Netherlands

question: What painter was an early champion of oil as a medium in painting?

answer: Jan van Eyck

text: Jan van Eyck

question: Jan van Eyck's paintings are known for what characteristics?

answer: great realism and minute detail

text: great realism and minute detail

question: What wasn't the focus of paintings in Italy?

text: idealized compositions

question: Where wasn't the focus of paintings on textures and surfaces?

text: the Netherlands

question: What painter was a late champion of oil as a medium in painting?

text: Jan van Eyck

question: What painter wasn't an early champion of oil as a medium in painting?

text: Jan van Eyck

question: Jan van Eyck's paintings are unknown for what characteristics?

text: great realism and minute detail


text: Among the other phyla, the Ctenophora and the Cnidaria, which includes sea anemones, corals, and jellyfish, are radially symmetric and have digestive chambers with a single opening, which serves as both the mouth and the anus. Both have distinct tissues, but they are not organized into organs. There are only two main germ layers, the ectoderm and endoderm, with only scattered cells between them. As such, these animals are sometimes called diploblastic. The tiny placozoans are similar, but they do not have a permanent digestive chamber.

title: Animal

title: Animal

text: Among

text: the

text: other

text: phyla

text: the

text: Ctenophora

text: and

text: the

text: Cnidaria

text: which

text: includes

text: sea

text: anemones

text: corals

text: and

text: jellyfish

text: are

text: radially

text: symmetric

text: and

text: have

text: digestive

text: chambers

text: with

text: a

text: single

text: opening

text: which

text: serves

text: as

text: both

text: the

text: mouth

text: and

text: the

text: anus

text: Both

text: have

text: distinct

text: tissues

text: but

text: they

text: are

text: not

text: organized

text: into

text: organs

text: There

text: are

text: only

text: two

text: main

text: germ

text: layers

text: the

text: ectoderm

text: and

text: endoderm

text: with

text: only

text: scattered

text: cells

text: between

text: them

text: As

text: such

text: these

text: animals

text: are

text: sometimes

text: called

text: diploblastic

text: The

text: tiny

text: placozoans

text: are

text: similar

text: but

text: they

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: a

text: permanent

text: digestive

text: chamber

question: Ctenophora and the Cnidaria include what sea creatures?

answer: anemones, corals, and jellyfish

text: anemones, corals, and jellyfish

question: The digestive chambers of the Ctenophora and the Cnidaria serve as what?

answer: both the mouth and the anus

text: both the mouth and the anus

question: What are the 2 main germ systems in the Ctenophora and the Cnidaria called?

answer: ectoderm and endoderm

text: ectoderm and endoderm

question: What are the Ctenophora and the Cnidaria animals sometimes called?

answer: diploblastic

text: diploblastic

question: What differentiates placozoans from the ctenophora and the cnidaria?

answer: they do not have a permanent digestive chamber

text: they do not have a permanent digestive chamber


text: As a protector and founder, Apollo had the epithets Alexicacus (/əˌlɛksᵻˈkeɪkəs/ ə-LEK-si-KAY-kəs; Ἀλεξίκακος, Alexikakos, literally "warding off evil"), Apotropaeus (/əˌpɒtrəˈpiːəs/ ə-POT-rə-PEE-əs; Ἀποτρόπαιος, Apotropaios, from ἀποτρέπειν, "to avert"), and Epicurius (/ˌɛpᵻˈkjʊriəs/ EP-i-KEWR-ee-əs; Ἐπικούριος, Epikourios, from ἐπικουρέειν, "to aid"), and Archegetes (/ɑːrˈkɛdʒətiːz/ ar-KEJ-ə-teez; Ἀρχηγέτης, Arkhēgetēs, literally "founder"), Clarius (/ˈklæriəs/ KLARR-ee-əs; Κλάριος, Klārios, from Doric κλάρος, "allotted lot"), and Genetor (/ˈdʒɛnᵻtər/ JEN-i-tər; Γενέτωρ, Genetōr, literally "ancestor"). To the Romans, he was known in this capacity as Averruncus (/ˌævəˈrʌŋkəs/ AV-ər-RUNG-kəs; from Latin āverruncare, "to avert"). He was also called Agyieus (/əˈdʒaɪ.ᵻjuːs/ ə-GWEE-ews; Ἀγυιεύς, Aguīeus, from ἄγυια, "street") for his role in protecting roads and homes; and Nomius (/ˈnoʊmiəs/ NOH-mee-əs; Νόμιος, Nomios, literally "pastoral") and Nymphegetes (/nɪmˈfɛdʒᵻtiːz/ nim-FEJ-i-teez; Νυμφηγέτης, Numphēgetēs, from Νύμφη, "Nymph", and ἡγέτης, "leader") for his role as a protector of shepherds and pastoral life.

title: Apollo

title: Apollo

text: As

text: a

text: protector

text: and

text: founder

text: Apollo

text: had

text: the

text: epithets

text: Alexicacus

text: /əˌlɛksᵻˈkeɪkəs/

text: ə

text: LEK

text: si

text: KAY

text: kəs

text: Ἀλεξίκακος

text: Alexikakos

text: literally

text: warding

text: off

text: evil

text: Apotropaeus

text: /əˌpɒtrəˈpiːəs/

text: ə

text: POT

text: rə

text: PEE

text: əs

text: Ἀποτρόπαιος

text: Apotropaios

text: from

text: ἀποτρέπειν

text: to

text: avert

text: and

text: Epicurius

text: /ˌɛpᵻˈkjʊriəs/

text: EP

text: i

text: KEWR

text: ee

text: əs

text: Ἐπικούριος

text: Epikourios

text: from

text: ἐπικουρέειν

text: to

text: aid

text: and

text: Archegetes

text: /ɑːrˈkɛdʒətiːz/

text: ar

text: KEJ

text: ə

text: teez

text: Ἀρχηγέτης

text: Arkhēgetēs

text: literally

text: founder

text: Clarius

text: /ˈklæriəs/

text: KLARR

text: ee

text: əs

text: Κλάριος

text: Klārios

text: from

text: Doric

text: κλάρος

text: allotted

text: lot

text: and

text: Genetor

text: /ˈdʒɛnᵻtər/

text: JEN

text: i

text: tər

text: Γενέτωρ

text: Genetōr

text: literally

text: ancestor

text: To

text: the

text: Romans

text: he

text: was

text: known

text: in

text: this

text: capacity

text: as

text: Averruncus

text: /ˌævəˈrʌŋkəs/

text: AV

text: ər

text: RUNG

text: kəs

text: from

text: Latin

text: āverruncare

text: to

text: avert

text: He

text: was

text: also

text: called

text: Agyieus

text: /əˈdʒaɪ.ᵻjuːs/

text: ə

text: GWEE

text: ews

text: Ἀγυιεύς

text: Aguīeus

text: from

text: ἄγυια

text: street

text: for

text: his

text: role

text: in

text: protecting

text: roads

text: and

text: homes

text: and

text: Nomius

text: /ˈnoʊmiəs/

text: NOH

text: mee

text: əs

text: Νόμιος

text: Nomios

text: literally

text: pastoral

text: and

text: Nymphegetes

text: /nɪmˈfɛdʒᵻtiːz/

text: nim

text: FEJ

text: i

text: teez

text: Νυμφηγέτης

text: Numphēgetēs

text: from

text: Νύμφη

text: Nymph

text: and

text: ἡγέτης

text: leader

text: for

text: his

text: role

text: as

text: a

text: protector

text: of

text: shepherds

text: and

text: pastoral

text: life

question: What word literally means "warding off evil?"

answer: Alexicacus

text: Alexicacus

question: What world literally means "founder?"

answer: Archegetes

text: Archegetes

question: What word literally mens "ancestor?"

answer: Genetor

text: Genetor

question: What word means "to avert?"

answer: Agyieus

text: Agyieus


text: A reward will be paid to any person who furnishes information which leads to an arrest, conviction, or revocation of a license, so long as they are not a local, state, or federal employee in the performance of official duties. The Secretary may also provide reasonable and necessary costs incurred for the care of fish, wildlife, and forest service or plant pending the violation caused by the criminal. If the balance ever exceeds $500,000 the Secretary of the Treasury is required to deposit an amount equal to the excess into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund.

title: Endangered_Species_Act

title: Endangered_Species_Act

text: A

text: reward

text: will

text: be

text: paid

text: to

text: any

text: person

text: who

text: furnishes

text: information

text: which

text: leads

text: to

text: an

text: arrest

text: conviction

text: or

text: revocation

text: of

text: a

text: license

text: so

text: long

text: as

text: they

text: are

text: not

text: a

text: local

text: state

text: or

text: federal

text: employee

text: in

text: the

text: performance

text: of

text: official

text: duties

text: The

text: Secretary

text: may

text: also

text: provide

text: reasonable

text: and

text: necessary

text: costs

text: incurred

text: for

text: the

text: care

text: of

text: fish

text: wildlife

text: and

text: forest

text: service

text: or

text: plant

text: pending

text: the

text: violation

text: caused

text: by

text: the

text: criminal

text: If

text: the

text: balance

text: ever

text: exceeds

text: the

text: Secretary

text: of

text: the

text: Treasury

text: is

text: required

text: to

text: deposit

text: an

text: amount

text: equal

text: to

text: the

text: excess

text: into

text: the

text: cooperative

text: endangered

text: species

text: conservation

text: fund

question: Is the public given incentive to report Endangered Species Act violations?

answer: A reward will be paid to any person who furnishes information which leads to an arrest, conviction, or revocation of a license

text: A reward will be paid to any person who furnishes information which leads to an arrest, conviction, or revocation of a license

question: Given that a violator caused wildlife harm, who may provide financial assistance for the care of the harmed wildlife?

answer: The Secretary

text: The Secretary

question: Costs over what balance lead to the Secretary of the Treasury depositing money into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund?

answer: $500,000

question: What do local employees get if they report information that leads to an arrest?

text: A reward

question: Up to how much is the reward worth?

question: What must the Secretary do if the budget is below $500,000?

text: deposit an amount equal to the excess

question: What three types of employees are allowed to accept a reward?

text: local, state, or federal

question: What kind of cost does the Secretary not cover?


text: The first landing was followed by another, precision landing on Apollo 12 in November 1969. NASA had achieved its first landing goal with enough Apollo spacecraft and Saturn V launchers left for eight follow-on lunar landings through Apollo 20, conducting extended-endurance missions and transporting the landing crews in Lunar Roving Vehicles on the last five. They also planned an Apollo Applications Program to develop a longer-duration Earth orbital workshop (later named Skylab) to be constructed in orbit from a spent S-IVB upper stage, using several launches of the smaller Saturn IB launch vehicle. But planners soon decided this could be done more efficiently by using the two live stages of a Saturn V to launch the workshop pre-fabricated from an S-IVB (which was also the Saturn V third stage), which immediately removed Apollo 20. Belt-tightening budget cuts soon led NASA to cut Apollo 18 and 19 as well, but keep three extended/Lunar Rover missions. Apollo 13 encountered an in-flight spacecraft failure and had to abort its lunar landing in April 1970, returning its crew safely but temporarily grounding the program again. It resumed with four successful landings on Apollo 14 (February 1971), Apollo 15 (July 1971), Apollo 16 (April 1972), and Apollo 17 (December 1972).

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: The

text: first

text: landing

text: was

text: followed

text: by

text: another

text: precision

text: landing

text: on

text: Apollo

text: in

text: November

text: NASA

text: had

text: achieved

text: its

text: first

text: landing

text: goal

text: with

text: enough

text: Apollo

text: spacecraft

text: and

text: Saturn

text: V

text: launchers

text: left

text: for

text: eight

text: follow

text: on

text: lunar

text: landings

text: through

text: Apollo

text: conducting

text: extended

text: endurance

text: missions

text: and

text: transporting

text: the

text: landing

text: crews

text: in

text: Lunar

text: Roving

text: Vehicles

text: on

text: the

text: last

text: five

text: They

text: also

text: planned

text: an

text: Apollo

text: Applications

text: Program

text: to

text: develop

text: a

text: longer

text: duration

text: Earth

text: orbital

text: workshop

text: later

text: named

text: Skylab

text: to

text: be

text: constructed

text: in

text: orbit

text: from

text: a

text: spent

text: S

text: IVB

text: upper

text: stage

text: using

text: several

text: launches

text: of

text: the

text: smaller

text: Saturn

text: IB

text: launch

text: vehicle

text: But

text: planners

text: soon

text: decided

text: this

text: could

text: be

text: done

text: more

text: efficiently

text: by

text: using

text: the

text: two

text: live

text: stages

text: of

text: a

text: Saturn

text: V

text: to

text: launch

text: the

text: workshop

text: pre

text: fabricated

text: from

text: an

text: S

text: IVB

text: which

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: Saturn

text: V

text: third

text: stage

text: which

text: immediately

text: removed

text: Apollo

text: Belt

text: tightening

text: budget

text: cuts

text: soon

text: led

text: NASA

text: to

text: cut

text: Apollo

text: and

text: as

text: well

text: but

text: keep

text: three

text: extended

text: Lunar

text: Rover

text: missions

text: Apollo

text: encountered

text: an

text: in

text: flight

text: spacecraft

text: failure

text: and

text: had

text: to

text: abort

text: its

text: lunar

text: landing

text: in

text: April

text: returning

text: its

text: crew

text: safely

text: but

text: temporarily

text: grounding

text: the

text: program

text: again

text: It

text: resumed

text: with

text: four

text: successful

text: landings

text: on

text: Apollo

text: February

text: Apollo

text: July

text: Apollo

text: April

text: and

text: Apollo

text: December

question: When was the second landing on the Moon successful?

answer: November 1969

text: November 1969

question: When did the Apollo 14 mission land successfully?

answer: February 1971

text: February 1971

question: Apollo 15 landed on the Moon on what date?

answer: July 1971

text: July 1971

question: On what date was the Apollo 16 successful on landing on the Moon?

answer: April 1972

text: April 1972

question: Apollo 17 landed on the Moon on which date?

answer: December 1972

text: December 1972


text: However, the division of power as foreseen by the constitution soon resulted in legal impasses and discontent on both sides, and nationalist militants started training again, with the military support of Greece and Turkey respectively. The Greek Cypriot leadership believed that the rights given to Turkish Cypriots under the 1960 constitution were too extensive and designed the Akritas plan, which was aimed at reforming the constitution in favour of Greek Cypriots, persuading the international community about the correctness of the changes and violently subjugating Turkish Cypriots in a few days should they not accept the plan. Tensions were heightened when Cypriot President Archbishop Makarios III called for constitutional changes, which were rejected by Turkey and opposed by Turkish Cypriots.

title: Cyprus

title: Cyprus

text: However

text: the

text: division

text: of

text: power

text: as

text: foreseen

text: by

text: the

text: constitution

text: soon

text: resulted

text: in

text: legal

text: impasses

text: and

text: discontent

text: on

text: both

text: sides

text: and

text: nationalist

text: militants

text: started

text: training

text: again

text: with

text: the

text: military

text: support

text: of

text: Greece

text: and

text: Turkey

text: respectively

text: The

text: Greek

text: Cypriot

text: leadership

text: believed

text: that

text: the

text: rights

text: given

text: to

text: Turkish

text: Cypriots

text: under

text: the

text: constitution

text: were

text: too

text: extensive

text: and

text: designed

text: the

text: Akritas

text: plan

text: which

text: was

text: aimed

text: at

text: reforming

text: the

text: constitution

text: in

text: favour

text: of

text: Greek

text: Cypriots

text: persuading

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: about

text: the

text: correctness

text: of

text: the

text: changes

text: and

text: violently

text: subjugating

text: Turkish

text: Cypriots

text: in

text: a

text: few

text: days

text: should

text: they

text: not

text: accept

text: the

text: plan

text: Tensions

text: were

text: heightened

text: when

text: Cypriot

text: President

text: Archbishop

text: Makarios

text: III

text: called

text: for

text: constitutional

text: changes

text: which

text: were

text: rejected

text: by

text: Turkey

text: and

text: opposed

text: by

text: Turkish

text: Cypriots

question: National militants had the support of what two countries?

answer: Greece and Turkey

text: Greece and Turkey

question: What was the goal of the Akritas plan?

answer: reforming the constitution in favour of Greek Cypriots

text: reforming the constitution in favour of Greek Cypriots

question: Which president called for constitutional changes?

answer: President Archbishop Makarios

text: President Archbishop Makarios

question: Who rejected the constitutional changes proposed by President Archbishop Makarios?

answer: Turkey

text: Turkey


text: In addition to a spoken standard and a closely related written standard, Czech has several regional dialects primarily used in rural areas by speakers less proficient in other dialects or standard Czech. During the second half of the twentieth century, Czech dialect use began to weaken. By the early 1990s dialect use was stigmatized, associated with the shrinking lower class and used in literature or other media for comedic effect. Increased travel and media availability to dialect-speaking populations has encouraged them to shift to (or add to their own dialect) standard Czech. Although Czech has received considerable scholarly interest for a Slavic language, this interest has focused primarily on modern standard Czech and ancient texts rather than dialects. Standard Czech is still the norm for politicians, businesspeople and other Czechs in formal situations, but Common Czech is gaining ground in journalism and the mass media.

title: Czech_language

title: Czech_language

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: a

text: spoken

text: standard

text: and

text: a

text: closely

text: related

text: written

text: standard

text: Czech

text: has

text: several

text: regional

text: dialects

text: primarily

text: used

text: in

text: rural

text: areas

text: by

text: speakers

text: less

text: proficient

text: in

text: other

text: dialects

text: or

text: standard

text: Czech

text: During

text: the

text: second

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: twentieth

text: century

text: Czech

text: dialect

text: use

text: began

text: to

text: weaken

text: By

text: the

text: early

text: dialect

text: use

text: was

text: stigmatized

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: shrinking

text: lower

text: class

text: and

text: used

text: in

text: literature

text: or

text: other

text: media

text: for

text: comedic

text: effect

text: Increased

text: travel

text: and

text: media

text: availability

text: to

text: dialect

text: speaking

text: populations

text: has

text: encouraged

text: them

text: to

text: shift

text: to

text: or

text: add

text: to

text: their

text: own

text: dialect

text: standard

text: Czech

text: Although

text: Czech

text: has

text: received

text: considerable

text: scholarly

text: interest

text: for

text: a

text: Slavic

text: language

text: this

text: interest

text: has

text: focused

text: primarily

text: on

text: modern

text: standard

text: Czech

text: and

text: ancient

text: texts

text: rather

text: than

text: dialects

text: Standard

text: Czech

text: is

text: still

text: the

text: norm

text: for

text: politicians

text: businesspeople

text: and

text: other

text: Czechs

text: in

text: formal

text: situations

text: but

text: Common

text: Czech

text: is

text: gaining

text: ground

text: in

text: journalism

text: and

text: the

text: mass

text: media

question: How many regional dialects does Czech have?

answer: several

text: several

question: Where are dialects of Czech commonly found?

answer: rural areas

text: rural areas

question: What is dialect use associated with and thus stigmatized because of?

answer: lower class

text: lower class

question: What kind of scholarly interest has Czech received?

answer: considerable

text: considerable

question: What Czech dialect is gaining ground in journalism and the mass media?

answer: Common

text: Common

question: What class was being a journalist associated with?

text: lower class

question: What were parodies of journalists used for?

question: What has increased among politicians and business people since 1990 so they are more well known locally?

text: Increased travel and media availability

question: When did interest in studying ancient texts start to weaken?

question: What group became more prominent in the 1990's when people wanted to hear the news of the day?

text: mass media


text: Miami International Airport serves as the primary international airport of the Greater Miami Area. One of the busiest international airports in the world, Miami International Airport caters to over 35 million passengers a year. The airport is a major hub and the single largest international gateway for American Airlines. Miami International is the busiest airport in Florida, and is the United States' second-largest international port of entry for foreign air passengers behind New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport, and is the seventh-largest such gateway in the world. The airport's extensive international route network includes non-stop flights to over seventy international cities in North and South America, Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.

title: Miami

title: Miami

text: Miami

text: International

text: Airport

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: primary

text: international

text: airport

text: of

text: the

text: Greater

text: Miami

text: Area

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: busiest

text: international

text: airports

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Miami

text: International

text: Airport

text: caters

text: to

text: over

text: million

text: passengers

text: a

text: year

text: The

text: airport

text: is

text: a

text: major

text: hub

text: and

text: the

text: single

text: largest

text: international

text: gateway

text: for

text: American

text: Airlines

text: Miami

text: International

text: is

text: the

text: busiest

text: airport

text: in

text: Florida

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: second

text: largest

text: international

text: port

text: of

text: entry

text: for

text: foreign

text: air

text: passengers

text: behind

text: New

text: York

text: 's

text: John

text: F.

text: Kennedy

text: International

text: Airport

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: seventh

text: largest

text: such

text: gateway

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: The

text: airport

text: 's

text: extensive

text: international

text: route

text: network

text: includes

text: non

text: stop

text: flights

text: to

text: over

text: seventy

text: international

text: cities

text: in

text: North

text: and

text: South

text: America

text: Europe

text: Asia

text: and

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

question: How many passengers use Miami International Airport annually?

answer: 35 million

text: 35 million

question: What airline uses Miami International as its biggest international gateway?

answer: American Airlines

text: American Airlines

question: What airport is the largest international port of entry for overseas air travelers in the United States?

answer: John F. Kennedy International Airport

text: John F. Kennedy International Airport

question: From Miami International Airport, to approximately how many non-American cities can one fly nonstop?

answer: seventy

text: seventy

question: How many pilots use Miami International Airport annually?

text: 35 million

question: What airline uses Miami International as its smallest international gateway?

text: American Airlines

question: What airport is the smallest international port of entry for overseas air travelers in the United States?

text: John F. Kennedy International Airport

question: What airport is the largest international port of entry for overseas sea travelers in the United States?

text: John F. Kennedy International Airport

question: From Miami International Airport, to approximately how many American cities can one fly nonstop?

text: seventy


text: Service trials demonstrated another problem however: that ranging and tracking the new high-speed targets was almost impossible. At short range, the apparent target area is relatively large, the trajectory is flat and the time of flight is short, allowing to correct lead by watching the tracers. At long range, the aircraft remains in firing range for a long time, so the necessary calculations can in theory be done by slide rules - though, because small errors in distance cause large errors in shell fall height and detonation time, exact ranging is crucial. For the ranges and speeds that the Bofors worked at, neither answer was good enough.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: Service

text: trials

text: demonstrated

text: another

text: problem

text: however

text: that

text: ranging

text: and

text: tracking

text: the

text: new

text: high

text: speed

text: targets

text: was

text: almost

text: impossible

text: At

text: short

text: range

text: the

text: apparent

text: target

text: area

text: is

text: relatively

text: large

text: the

text: trajectory

text: is

text: flat

text: and

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: flight

text: is

text: short

text: allowing

text: to

text: correct

text: lead

text: by

text: watching

text: the

text: tracers

text: At

text: long

text: range

text: the

text: aircraft

text: remains

text: in

text: firing

text: range

text: for

text: a

text: long

text: time

text: so

text: the

text: necessary

text: calculations

text: can

text: in

text: theory

text: be

text: done

text: by

text: slide

text: rules

text: though

text: because

text: small

text: errors

text: in

text: distance

text: cause

text: large

text: errors

text: in

text: shell

text: fall

text: height

text: and

text: detonation

text: time

text: exact

text: ranging

text: is

text: crucial

text: For

text: the

text: ranges

text: and

text: speeds

text: that

text: the

text: Bofors

text: worked

text: at

text: neither

text: answer

text: was

text: good

text: enough

question: What was shown to be practically not possible during service trials?

answer: ranging and tracking the new high-speed targets

text: ranging and tracking the new high-speed targets

question: Target area is relatively large at what range?

answer: short range

text: short range

question: How was target lead watched at short range?

answer: by watching the tracers

text: by watching the tracers

question: At long range what, in theory, could be used to set ranging calculations?

answer: slide rules

text: slide rules

question: What small errors caused large errors in shell fall height and the time until exploding?

answer: small errors in distance

text: small errors in distance


text: Between 301 and 219 BCE the Ptolemies ruled Judea in relative peace, and Jews often found themselves working in the Ptolemaic administration and army, which led to the rise of a Hellenized Jewish elite class (e.g. the Tobiads). The wars of Antiochus III brought the region into the Seleucid empire; Jerusalem fell to his control in 198 and the Temple was repaired and provided with money and tribute. Antiochus IV Epiphanes sacked Jerusalem and looted the Temple in 169 BCE after disturbances in Judea during his abortive invasion of Egypt. Antiochus then banned key Jewish religious rites and traditions in Judea. He may have been attempting to Hellenize the region and unify his empire and the Jewish resistance to this eventually led to an escalation of violence. Whatever the case, tensions between pro and anti-Seleucid Jewish factions led to the 174–135 BCE Maccabean Revolt of Judas Maccabeus (whose victory is celebrated in the Jewish festival of Hanukkah).

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: Between

text: and

text: BCE

text: the

text: Ptolemies

text: ruled

text: Judea

text: in

text: relative

text: peace

text: and

text: Jews

text: often

text: found

text: themselves

text: working

text: in

text: the

text: Ptolemaic

text: administration

text: and

text: army

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: a

text: Hellenized

text: Jewish

text: elite

text: class

text: e.g.

text: the

text: Tobiads

text: The

text: wars

text: of

text: Antiochus

text: III

text: brought

text: the

text: region

text: into

text: the

text: Seleucid

text: empire

text: Jerusalem

text: fell

text: to

text: his

text: control

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: Temple

text: was

text: repaired

text: and

text: provided

text: with

text: money

text: and

text: tribute

text: Antiochus

text: IV

text: Epiphanes

text: sacked

text: Jerusalem

text: and

text: looted

text: the

text: Temple

text: in

text: BCE

text: after

text: disturbances

text: in

text: Judea

text: during

text: his

text: abortive

text: invasion

text: of

text: Egypt

text: Antiochus

text: then

text: banned

text: key

text: Jewish

text: religious

text: rites

text: and

text: traditions

text: in

text: Judea

text: He

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: attempting

text: to

text: Hellenize

text: the

text: region

text: and

text: unify

text: his

text: empire

text: and

text: the

text: Jewish

text: resistance

text: to

text: this

text: eventually

text: led

text: to

text: an

text: escalation

text: of

text: violence

text: Whatever

text: the

text: case

text: tensions

text: between

text: pro

text: and

text: anti

text: Seleucid

text: Jewish

text: factions

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: BCE

text: Maccabean

text: Revolt

text: of

text: Judas

text: Maccabeus

text: whose

text: victory

text: is

text: celebrated

text: in

text: the

text: Jewish

text: festival

text: of

text: Hanukkah

question: What was the Jewish elite class called?

answer: the Tobiads

text: the Tobiads

question: Judea was brought into the Seleucid empire by which leader?

answer: Antiochus III

text: Antiochus III

question: When did Jerusalem fall to Antiochus III?

answer: 198

question: What victorious uprising is celebrated in the Jewish festival Hanukkah?

answer: Maccabean Revolt of Judas Maccabeus

text: Maccabean Revolt of Judas Maccabeus

question: What years were the Maccabean Revolt of Judas Maccabeus?

answer: 174–135 BCE

text: 174–135 BCE


text: Just as their customers pay them for Internet access, ISPs themselves pay upstream ISPs for Internet access. An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP or is able to provide the contracting ISP with access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to.

title: Internet_service_provider

title: Internet_service_provider

text: Just

text: as

text: their

text: customers

text: pay

text: them

text: for

text: Internet

text: access

text: ISPs

text: themselves

text: pay

text: upstream

text: ISPs

text: for

text: Internet

text: access

text: An

text: upstream

text: ISP

text: usually

text: has

text: a

text: larger

text: network

text: than

text: the

text: contracting

text: ISP

text: or

text: is

text: able

text: to

text: provide

text: the

text: contracting

text: ISP

text: with

text: access

text: to

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: Internet

text: the

text: contracting

text: ISP

text: by

text: itself

text: has

text: no

text: access

text: to

question: Who does an ISP pay for internet access?

answer: upstream ISPs

text: upstream ISPs

question: Why does an ISP need to pay an upstream ISP?

answer: An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP

text: An upstream ISP usually has a larger network than the contracting ISP

question: What does an upstream ISP provide for an ISP?

answer: access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to

text: access to parts of the Internet the contracting ISP by itself has no access to

question: what usually has a larger network, the ISP of the customer or the upstream ISP?

answer: upstream ISPs

text: upstream ISPs

question: What do ISPs pay customers for?

text: Internet access

question: What usually has a small network than a contracting ISP?

text: An upstream ISP

question: What does an upstream ISP provide for customers?

text: Internet access

question: What does the contracting ISP have access to that the upstream ISP does not?

text: parts of the Internet


text: New Delhi is governed through a municipal government, known as the New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC). Other urban areas of the metropolis of Delhi are administered by the Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD). However, the entire metropolis of Delhi is commonly known as New Delhi in contrast to Old Delhi.

title: New_Delhi

title: New_Delhi

text: New

text: Delhi

text: is

text: governed

text: through

text: a

text: municipal

text: government

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: New

text: Delhi

text: Municipal

text: Council

text: NDMC

text: Other

text: urban

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: metropolis

text: of

text: Delhi

text: are

text: administered

text: by

text: the

text: Municipal

text: Corporation

text: of

text: Delhi

text: MCD

text: However

text: the

text: entire

text: metropolis

text: of

text: Delhi

text: is

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: New

text: Delhi

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: Old

text: Delhi

question: What is the name of the municipal government by which New Delhi is governed?

answer: New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC)

text: New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC)

question: What government body is responsible for administering other urban areas of the metropolis of Delhi?

answer: Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD)

text: Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD)

question: What is the name commonly used to refer to the entire metropolis of Delhi?

answer: New Delhi

text: New Delhi

question: The New Delhi Municipal Government oversees what large Indian city?

answer: New Delhi

text: New Delhi

question: What form of government is responsible for the municipality of New Delhi?

answer: a municipal government

text: a municipal government


text: In 2010, there were concerns among Tajik officials that Islamic militarism in the east of the country was on the rise following the escape of 25 militants from a Tajik prison in August, an ambush that killed 28 Tajik soldiers in the Rasht Valley in September, and another ambush in the valley in October that killed 30 soldiers, followed by fighting outside Gharm that left 3 militants dead. To date the country's Interior Ministry asserts that the central government maintains full control over the country's east, and the military operation in the Rasht Valley was concluded in November 2010. However, fighting erupted again in July 2012. In 2015 Russia will send more troops to Tajikistan, as confirmed by a report of STRATFOR (magazine online)

title: Tajikistan

title: Tajikistan

text: In

text: there

text: were

text: concerns

text: among

text: Tajik

text: officials

text: that

text: Islamic

text: militarism

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: was

text: on

text: the

text: rise

text: following

text: the

text: escape

text: of

text: militants

text: from

text: a

text: Tajik

text: prison

text: in

text: August

text: an

text: ambush

text: that

text: killed

text: Tajik

text: soldiers

text: in

text: the

text: Rasht

text: Valley

text: in

text: September

text: and

text: another

text: ambush

text: in

text: the

text: valley

text: in

text: October

text: that

text: killed

text: soldiers

text: followed

text: by

text: fighting

text: outside

text: Gharm

text: that

text: left

text: militants

text: dead

text: To

text: date

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: Interior

text: Ministry

text: asserts

text: that

text: the

text: central

text: government

text: maintains

text: full

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: military

text: operation

text: in

text: the

text: Rasht

text: Valley

text: was

text: concluded

text: in

text: November

text: However

text: fighting

text: erupted

text: again

text: in

text: July

text: In

text: Russia

text: will

text: send

text: more

text: troops

text: to

text: Tajikistan

text: as

text: confirmed

text: by

text: a

text: report

text: of

text: STRATFOR

text: magazine

text: online

question: Why was there concerns in 2010?

answer: that Islamic militarism in the east of the country was on the rise following the escape of 25 militants from a Tajik prison in August

text: that Islamic militarism in the east of the country was on the rise following the escape of 25 militants from a Tajik prison in August

question: How many solider were killed in September when Islamic militants escaped?

answer: 28 Tajik soldiers

text: 28 Tajik soldiers

question: When did the military operation end in Rasht Valley?

answer: November 2010

text: November 2010

question: When did Russia say they will be sending more troops to Tajikistan?

answer: 2015

question: In 1910, there were concerns among the Tajik officials that what?

question: What operation in the Rasht Valley was concluded in November 1910?

text: military

question: In 2015 Romania will send more what to Tajikistan?

text: troops

question: Fighting outside Guam left how many militants dead?


text: In 2006, FIG introduced a new points system for Artistic gymnastics in which scores are no longer limited to 10 points. The system is used in the US for elite level competition. Unlike the old code of points, there are two separate scores, an execution score and a difficulty score. In the previous system, the "execution score" was the only score. It was and still is out of 10.00. During the gymnast's performance, the judges deduct this score only. A fall, on or off the event, is a 1.00 deduction, in elite level gymnastics. The introduction of the difficulty score is a significant change. The gymnast's difficulty score is based on what elements they perform and is subject to change if they do not perform or complete all the skills, or they do not connect a skill meant to be connected to another. Connection bonuses are the most common deduction from a difficulty score, as it can be difficult to connect multiple flight elements. It is very hard to connect skills if the first skill is not performed correctly. The new code of points allows the gymnasts to gain higher scores based on the difficulty of the skills they perform as well as their execution. There is no maximum score for difficulty, as it can keep increasing as the difficulty of the skills increase.

title: Gymnastics

title: Gymnastics

text: In

text: FIG

text: introduced

text: a

text: new

text: points

text: system

text: for

text: Artistic

text: gymnastics

text: in

text: which

text: scores

text: are

text: no

text: longer

text: limited

text: to

text: points

text: The

text: system

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: for

text: elite

text: level

text: competition

text: Unlike

text: the

text: old

text: code

text: of

text: points

text: there

text: are

text: two

text: separate

text: scores

text: an

text: execution

text: score

text: and

text: a

text: difficulty

text: score

text: In

text: the

text: previous

text: system

text: the

text: execution

text: score

text: was

text: the

text: only

text: score

text: It

text: was

text: and

text: still

text: is

text: out

text: of

text: During

text: the

text: gymnast

text: 's

text: performance

text: the

text: judges

text: deduct

text: this

text: score

text: only

text: A

text: fall

text: on

text: or

text: off

text: the

text: event

text: is

text: a

text: deduction

text: in

text: elite

text: level

text: gymnastics

text: The

text: introduction

text: of

text: the

text: difficulty

text: score

text: is

text: a

text: significant

text: change

text: The

text: gymnast

text: 's

text: difficulty

text: score

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: what

text: elements

text: they

text: perform

text: and

text: is

text: subject

text: to

text: change

text: if

text: they

text: do

text: not

text: perform

text: or

text: complete

text: all

text: the

text: skills

text: or

text: they

text: do

text: not

text: connect

text: a

text: skill

text: meant

text: to

text: be

text: connected

text: to

text: another

text: Connection

text: bonuses

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: deduction

text: from

text: a

text: difficulty

text: score

text: as

text: it

text: can

text: be

text: difficult

text: to

text: connect

text: multiple

text: flight

text: elements

text: It

text: is

text: very

text: hard

text: to

text: connect

text: skills

text: if

text: the

text: first

text: skill

text: is

text: not

text: performed

text: correctly

text: The

text: new

text: code

text: of

text: points

text: allows

text: the

text: gymnasts

text: to

text: gain

text: higher

text: scores

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: difficulty

text: of

text: the

text: skills

text: they

text: perform

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: their

text: execution

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: maximum

text: score

text: for

text: difficulty

text: as

text: it

text: can

text: keep

text: increasing

text: as

text: the

text: difficulty

text: of

text: the

text: skills

text: increase

question: When did FIG decide that scores are no longer limited to 10 points?

answer: 2006

question: What are the two different scores?

answer: an execution score and a difficulty score

text: an execution score and a difficulty score

question: What score was added?

answer: difficulty score

text: difficulty score

question: How much is a fall deduction?

answer: 1.00 deduction

text: 1.00 deduction

question: What is a gymnast's difficulty score based on?

answer: what elements they perform

text: what elements they perform

question: When were scores first limited to 10 points?

question: Which score was thought to be more important?

text: execution score

question: What bonus is awarded if the gymnast arrives on time?

text: Connection bonuses

question: What is the minimum gymnastics score?

text: a 1.00

question: What is used to determine an execution score?

text: what elements they perform


text: During World War II, detailed invasion plans were drawn up by the Germans, but Switzerland was never attacked. Switzerland was able to remain independent through a combination of military deterrence, concessions to Germany, and good fortune as larger events during the war delayed an invasion. Under General Henri Guisan central command, a general mobilisation of the armed forces was ordered. The Swiss military strategy was changed from one of static defence at the borders to protect the economic heartland, to one of organised long-term attrition and withdrawal to strong, well-stockpiled positions high in the Alps known as the Reduit. Switzerland was an important base for espionage by both sides in the conflict and often mediated communications between the Axis and Allied powers.

title: Switzerland

title: Switzerland

text: During

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: detailed

text: invasion

text: plans

text: were

text: drawn

text: up

text: by

text: the

text: Germans

text: but

text: Switzerland

text: was

text: never

text: attacked

text: Switzerland

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: remain

text: independent

text: through

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: military

text: deterrence

text: concessions

text: to

text: Germany

text: and

text: good

text: fortune

text: as

text: larger

text: events

text: during

text: the

text: war

text: delayed

text: an

text: invasion

text: Under

text: General

text: Henri

text: Guisan

text: central

text: command

text: a

text: general

text: mobilisation

text: of

text: the

text: armed

text: forces

text: was

text: ordered

text: The

text: Swiss

text: military

text: strategy

text: was

text: changed

text: from

text: one

text: of

text: static

text: defence

text: at

text: the

text: borders

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: economic

text: heartland

text: to

text: one

text: of

text: organised

text: long

text: term

text: attrition

text: and

text: withdrawal

text: to

text: strong

text: well

text: stockpiled

text: positions

text: high

text: in

text: the

text: Alps

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Reduit

text: Switzerland

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: base

text: for

text: espionage

text: by

text: both

text: sides

text: in

text: the

text: conflict

text: and

text: often

text: mediated

text: communications

text: between

text: the

text: Axis

text: and

text: Allied

text: powers

question: Though invasion plans were drawn up the the Germans, which war did Switzerland escape attack during?

answer: World War II

text: World War II

question: Who was the head of the Swiss central command during World War II?

answer: General Henri Guisan

text: General Henri Guisan

question: What did General Henry Guisan order a general mobilisation of during World War II?

answer: armed forces

text: armed forces

question: What was the original goal of the Swiss military strategy?

answer: protect the economic heartland

text: protect the economic heartland

question: What were the Reduit?

answer: strong, well-stockpiled positions high in the Alps

text: strong, well-stockpiled positions high in the Alps


text: Close to Richmond Park is Kew Gardens which has the world's largest collection of living plants. In 2003, the gardens were put on the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites. There are also numerous parks administered by London's borough Councils, including Victoria Park in the East End and Battersea Park in the centre. Some more informal, semi-natural open spaces also exist, including the 320-hectare (790-acre) Hampstead Heath of North London, and Epping Forest, which covers 2,476 hectares (6,118.32 acres) in the east. Both are controlled by the City of London Corporation. Hampstead Heath incorporates Kenwood House, the former stately home and a popular location in the summer months where classical musical concerts are held by the lake, attracting thousands of people every weekend to enjoy the music, scenery and fireworks. Epping Forest is a popular venue for various outdoor activities, including mountain biking, walking, horse riding, golf, angling, and orienteering.

title: London

title: London

text: Close

text: to

text: Richmond

text: Park

text: is

text: Kew

text: Gardens

text: which

text: has

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: collection

text: of

text: living

text: plants

text: In

text: the

text: gardens

text: were

text: put

text: on

text: the

text: UNESCO

text: list

text: of

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Sites

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: numerous

text: parks

text: administered

text: by

text: London

text: 's

text: borough

text: Councils

text: including

text: Victoria

text: Park

text: in

text: the

text: East

text: End

text: and

text: Battersea

text: Park

text: in

text: the

text: centre

text: Some

text: more

text: informal

text: semi

text: natural

text: open

text: spaces

text: also

text: exist

text: including

text: the

text: Hampstead

text: Heath

text: of

text: North

text: London

text: and

text: Epping

text: Forest

text: which

text: covers

text: hectares

text: acres

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: Both

text: are

text: controlled

text: by

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: Corporation

text: Hampstead

text: Heath

text: incorporates

text: Kenwood

text: House

text: the

text: former

text: stately

text: home

text: and

text: a

text: popular

text: location

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: months

text: where

text: classical

text: musical

text: concerts

text: are

text: held

text: by

text: the

text: lake

text: attracting

text: thousands

text: of

text: people

text: every

text: weekend

text: to

text: enjoy

text: the

text: music

text: scenery

text: and

text: fireworks

text: Epping

text: Forest

text: is

text: a

text: popular

text: venue

text: for

text: various

text: outdoor

text: activities

text: including

text: mountain

text: biking

text: walking

text: horse

text: riding

text: golf

text: angling

text: and

text: orienteering

question: What famous London gardens were named as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2003?

answer: Kew Gardens

text: Kew Gardens

question: Victoria Park is located in what London district?

answer: the East End

text: the East End

question: What entity oversees both Hampstead Heath of North London and Epping Forest?

answer: the City of London Corporation

text: the City of London Corporation

question: What former private home hosts lake-side classical music concerts ever summer?

answer: Kenwood House

text: Kenwood House

question: People frequently engage in physical activities such as walking, biking, and golf, in what forest?

answer: Epping Forest

text: Epping Forest


text: Other supportive evidence includes: a ≥20% difference in peak expiratory flow rate on at least three days in a week for at least two weeks, a ≥20% improvement of peak flow following treatment with either salbutamol, inhaled corticosteroids or prednisone, or a ≥20% decrease in peak flow following exposure to a trigger. Testing peak expiratory flow is more variable than spirometry, however, and thus not recommended for routine diagnosis. It may be useful for daily self-monitoring in those with moderate to severe disease and for checking the effectiveness of new medications. It may also be helpful in guiding treatment in those with acute exacerbations.

title: Asthma

title: Asthma

text: Other

text: supportive

text: evidence

text: includes

text: a

text: difference

text: in

text: peak

text: expiratory

text: flow

text: rate

text: on

text: at

text: least

text: three

text: days

text: in

text: a

text: week

text: for

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: weeks

text: a

text: improvement

text: of

text: peak

text: flow

text: following

text: treatment

text: with

text: either

text: salbutamol

text: inhaled

text: corticosteroids

text: or

text: prednisone

text: or

text: a

text: decrease

text: in

text: peak

text: flow

text: following

text: exposure

text: to

text: a

text: trigger

text: Testing

text: peak

text: expiratory

text: flow

text: is

text: more

text: variable

text: than

text: spirometry

text: however

text: and

text: thus

text: not

text: recommended

text: for

text: routine

text: diagnosis

text: It

text: may

text: be

text: useful

text: for

text: daily

text: self

text: monitoring

text: in

text: those

text: with

text: moderate

text: to

text: severe

text: disease

text: and

text: for

text: checking

text: the

text: effectiveness

text: of

text: new

text: medications

text: It

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: helpful

text: in

text: guiding

text: treatment

text: in

text: those

text: with

text: acute

text: exacerbations

question: What is the rate that is used in most of the evidence?

answer: ≥20%

question: What is more variable than spirometry but not recommended?

answer: . Testing peak expiratory flow

text: . Testing peak expiratory flow

question: What is not as stable as prednisone for a routine diagnosis?

text: Testing peak expiratory flow

question: What is one instance when testing with prednisone is useful?

question: When may prednisone also be helpful in spirometry?

question: What percentage of a group think prednisone is helpful for treatment in acute cases?

question: What percentage of people in acute cases use salbutamol?


text: In March 2015, the winds and storm surge created by Cyclone Pam resulted in waves of 3 metres (9.8 ft) to 5 metres (16 ft) breaking over the reef of the outer islands caused damage to houses, crops and infrastructure. On Nui the sources of fresh water were destroyed or contaminated. The flooding in Nui and Nukufetau caused many families to shelter in evacuation centres or with other families. Nui suffered the most damage of the three central islands (Nui, Nukufetau and Vaitupu); with both Nui and Nukufetau suffering the loss of 90% of the crops. Of the three northern islands (Nanumanga, Niutao, Nanumea), Nanumanga suffered the most damage, with 60-100 houses flooded, with the waves also causing damage to the health facility. Vasafua islet, part of the Funafuti Conservation Area, was severely damaged by Cyclone Pam. The coconut palms were washed away, leaving the islet as a sand bar.

title: Tuvalu

title: Tuvalu

text: In

text: March

text: the

text: winds

text: and

text: storm

text: surge

text: created

text: by

text: Cyclone

text: Pam

text: resulted

text: in

text: waves

text: of

text: metres

text: ft

text: to

text: metres

text: ft

text: breaking

text: over

text: the

text: reef

text: of

text: the

text: outer

text: islands

text: caused

text: damage

text: to

text: houses

text: crops

text: and

text: infrastructure

text: On

text: Nui

text: the

text: sources

text: of

text: fresh

text: water

text: were

text: destroyed

text: or

text: contaminated

text: The

text: flooding

text: in

text: Nui

text: and

text: Nukufetau

text: caused

text: many

text: families

text: to

text: shelter

text: in

text: evacuation

text: centres

text: or

text: with

text: other

text: families

text: Nui

text: suffered

text: the

text: most

text: damage

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: central

text: islands

text: Nui

text: Nukufetau

text: and

text: Vaitupu

text: with

text: both

text: Nui

text: and

text: Nukufetau

text: suffering

text: the

text: loss

text: of

text: of

text: the

text: crops

text: Of

text: the

text: three

text: northern

text: islands

text: Nanumanga

text: Niutao

text: Nanumea

text: Nanumanga

text: suffered

text: the

text: most

text: damage

text: with

text: houses

text: flooded

text: with

text: the

text: waves

text: also

text: causing

text: damage

text: to

text: the

text: health

text: facility

text: Vasafua

text: islet

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Funafuti

text: Conservation

text: Area

text: was

text: severely

text: damaged

text: by

text: Cyclone

text: Pam

text: The

text: coconut

text: palms

text: were

text: washed

text: away

text: leaving

text: the

text: islet

text: as

text: a

text: sand

text: bar

question: What were the wave heights during Cyclone Pam on Tuvalu?

answer: 3 metres (9.8 ft) to 5 metres (16 ft)

text: 3 metres (9.8 ft) to 5 metres (16 ft)

question: In what year did Cyclone Pam strike Tuvalu?

answer: March 2015

text: March 2015

question: During Cyclone Pam which island had the most damage?

answer: Nui

text: Nui

question: What percentage of Tuvalu crops were destroyed during  Cyclone Pam?

answer: 90%

question: The loss of what caused the Vasafua islet to become  a sand bar due to Cyclone Pam?

answer: coconut palms

text: coconut palms


text: Accounts of the use of leeches for the medically dubious practise of blood-letting have come from China around 30 AD, India around 200 AD, ancient Rome around 50 AD and later throughout Europe. In the 19th century medical demand for leeches was so high that some areas' stocks were exhausted and other regions imposed restrictions or bans on exports, and Hirudo medicinalis is treated as an endangered species by both IUCN and CITES. More recently leeches have been used to assist in microsurgery, and their saliva has provided anti-inflammatory compounds and several important anticoagulants, one of which also prevents tumors from spreading.

title: Annelid

title: Annelid

text: Accounts

text: of

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: leeches

text: for

text: the

text: medically

text: dubious

text: practise

text: of

text: blood

text: letting

text: have

text: come

text: from

text: China

text: around

text: AD

text: India

text: around

text: AD

text: ancient

text: Rome

text: around

text: AD

text: and

text: later

text: throughout

text: Europe

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: medical

text: demand

text: for

text: leeches

text: was

text: so

text: high

text: that

text: some

text: areas

text: stocks

text: were

text: exhausted

text: and

text: other

text: regions

text: imposed

text: restrictions

text: or

text: bans

text: on

text: exports

text: and

text: Hirudo

text: medicinalis

text: is

text: treated

text: as

text: an

text: endangered

text: species

text: by

text: both

text: IUCN

text: and

text: CITES

text: More

text: recently

text: leeches

text: have

text: been

text: used

text: to

text: assist

text: in

text: microsurgery

text: and

text: their

text: saliva

text: has

text: provided

text: anti

text: inflammatory

text: compounds

text: and

text: several

text: important

text: anticoagulants

text: one

text: of

text: which

text: also

text: prevents

text: tumors

text: from

text: spreading

question: When did leeches begin being used for blood-letting?

answer: 30 AD

text: 30 AD

question: Where did leeches begin being used for blood-letting?

answer: China

text: China

question: When did Rome begin using leeches?

answer: 50 AD

text: 50 AD

question: When did India begin using leeches?

answer: 200 AD

text: 200 AD

question: Which organizations list Hirudo medicinalis as endangered?

answer: IUCN and CITES

text: IUCN and CITES

question: Where did leeches begin being used for blood transfusions?

text: China

question: When did Russia begin using leeches?

text: 50 AD

question: Which organizations list Hirudo medicinalis as extinct?

text: IUCN and CITES

question: When did India stop using leeches?

text: 200 AD


text: While the use of iron started to become more widespread around 1200 BC, mainly because of interruptions in the trade routes for tin, the metal is much softer than bronze. However, very small amounts of steel, (an alloy of iron and around 1% carbon), was always a byproduct of the bloomery process. The ability to modify the hardness of steel by heat treatment had been known since 1100 BC, and the rare material was valued for the manufacture of tools and weapons. Because the ancients could not produce temperatures high enough to melt iron fully, the production of steel in decent quantities did not occur until the introduction of blister steel during the Middle Ages. This method introduced carbon by heating wrought iron in charcoal for long periods of time, but the penetration of carbon was not very deep, so the alloy was not homogeneous. In 1740, Benjamin Huntsman began melting blister steel in a crucible to even out the carbon content, creating the first process for the mass production of tool steel. Huntsman's process was used for manufacturing tool steel until the early 1900s.

title: Alloy

title: Alloy

text: While

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: iron

text: started

text: to

text: become

text: more

text: widespread

text: around

text: BC

text: mainly

text: because

text: of

text: interruptions

text: in

text: the

text: trade

text: routes

text: for

text: tin

text: the

text: metal

text: is

text: much

text: softer

text: than

text: bronze

text: However

text: very

text: small

text: amounts

text: of

text: steel

text: an

text: alloy

text: of

text: iron

text: and

text: around

text: carbon

text: was

text: always

text: a

text: byproduct

text: of

text: the

text: bloomery

text: process

text: The

text: ability

text: to

text: modify

text: the

text: hardness

text: of

text: steel

text: by

text: heat

text: treatment

text: had

text: been

text: known

text: since

text: BC

text: and

text: the

text: rare

text: material

text: was

text: valued

text: for

text: the

text: manufacture

text: of

text: tools

text: and

text: weapons

text: Because

text: the

text: ancients

text: could

text: not

text: produce

text: temperatures

text: high

text: enough

text: to

text: melt

text: iron

text: fully

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: steel

text: in

text: decent

text: quantities

text: did

text: not

text: occur

text: until

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: blister

text: steel

text: during

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: This

text: method

text: introduced

text: carbon

text: by

text: heating

text: wrought

text: iron

text: in

text: charcoal

text: for

text: long

text: periods

text: of

text: time

text: but

text: the

text: penetration

text: of

text: carbon

text: was

text: not

text: very

text: deep

text: so

text: the

text: alloy

text: was

text: not

text: homogeneous

text: In

text: Benjamin

text: Huntsman

text: began

text: melting

text: blister

text: steel

text: in

text: a

text: crucible

text: to

text: even

text: out

text: the

text: carbon

text: content

text: creating

text: the

text: first

text: process

text: for

text: the

text: mass

text: production

text: of

text: tool

text: steel

text: Huntsman

text: 's

text: process

text: was

text: used

text: for

text: manufacturing

text: tool

text: steel

text: until

text: the

text: early

question: Heat treatment of steel has been know since what time?

answer: 1100 BC

text: 1100 BC

question: When did iron start to become melted by people?

answer: Middle Ages

text: Middle Ages

question: Who created the first process for the mass production of tool steel?

answer: Benjamin Huntsman

text: Benjamin Huntsman

question: When did Benjamin Huntsman begin to melt blister steel in a crucible

answer: 1740

question: What became more widespread in 1280 BC?

text: iron

question: The softness of what could be modified in 1100 BC?

text: steel

question: What common material was valued for the manufacturing of tools and weapons?

text: steel

question: What was produced in decent quantities starting in 1100 BC?

text: steel

question: What process was used for manufacturing tool steel until the nineteenth century?

text: Huntsman's