text: Its main body is solid sterling silver and silver gilt, while its plinth is made of malachite, a semi-precious stone. The plinth has a silver band around its circumference, upon which the names of the title-winning clubs are listed. Malachite's green colour is also representative of the green field of play. The design of the trophy is based on the heraldry of Three Lions that is associated with English football. Two of the lions are found above the handles on either side of the trophy – the third is symbolised by the captain of the title winning team as he raises the trophy, and its gold crown, above his head at the end of the season. The ribbons that drape the handles are presented in the team colours of the league champions that year.

title: Premier_League

title: Premier_League

text: Its

text: main

text: body

text: is

text: solid

text: sterling

text: silver

text: and

text: silver

text: gilt

text: while

text: its

text: plinth

text: is

text: made

text: of

text: malachite

text: a

text: semi

text: precious

text: stone

text: The

text: plinth

text: has

text: a

text: silver

text: band

text: around

text: its

text: circumference

text: upon

text: which

text: the

text: names

text: of

text: the

text: title

text: winning

text: clubs

text: are

text: listed

text: Malachite

text: 's

text: green

text: colour

text: is

text: also

text: representative

text: of

text: the

text: green

text: field

text: of

text: play

text: The

text: design

text: of

text: the

text: trophy

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: heraldry

text: of

text: Three

text: Lions

text: that

text: is

text: associated

text: with

text: English

text: football

text: Two

text: of

text: the

text: lions

text: are

text: found

text: above

text: the

text: handles

text: on

text: either

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: trophy

text: the

text: third

text: is

text: symbolised

text: by

text: the

text: captain

text: of

text: the

text: title

text: winning

text: team

text: as

text: he

text: raises

text: the

text: trophy

text: and

text: its

text: gold

text: crown

text: above

text: his

text: head

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: season

text: The

text: ribbons

text: that

text: drape

text: the

text: handles

text: are

text: presented

text: in

text: the

text: team

text: colours

text: of

text: the

text: league

text: champions

text: that

text: year

question: What is the Premier League Championship trophy based on?

answer: The design of the trophy is based on the heraldry of Three Lions that is associated with English football.

text: The design of the trophy is based on the heraldry of Three Lions that is associated with English football.

question: Where on the trophy can two of the lions be seen?

answer: Two of the lions are found above the handles on either side of the trophy

text: Two of the lions are found above the handles on either side of the trophy

question: Where can the third lion be seen?

answer: the third is symbolised by the captain of the title winning team as he raises the trophy, and its gold crown, above his head at the end of the season

text: the third is symbolised by the captain of the title winning team as he raises the trophy, and its gold crown, above his head at the end of the season

question: What do the ribbons on the trophy mean?

answer: The ribbons that drape the handles are presented in the team colours of the league champions that year.

text: The ribbons that drape the handles are presented in the team colours of the league champions that year.

question: The Golden Boot is made of sterling silver, silver gilt and which semi-precious stone?

answer: malachite

text: malachite

question: On what type of metal band are the title-winning clubs listed on the Golden Boot?

answer: silver

text: silver

question: What does the green colour of Malachite on the Golden Boot represent?

answer: the green field of play

text: the green field of play

question: How many lions are found on the Golden Boot?

answer: Two

text: Two

question: Who symbolizes the third lion not found on the Golden Boot trophy?

answer: the captain of the title winning team

text: the captain of the title winning team

question: The trophy is based on Four Lions associated with what?

text: English football

question: The ribbons draped upon the gold crown are presented how?

question: How is the second ribbon symbolised?

question: What has a golden band around its circumference?

text: The plinth

question: What is made of solid gold and silver gilt?

text: main body


text: The University Daily Kansan operates outside of the university's William Allen White School of Journalism and reaches an audience of at least 30,000 daily readers through its print and online publications

title: University_of_Kansas

title: University_of_Kansas

text: The

text: University

text: Daily

text: Kansan

text: operates

text: outside

text: of

text: the

text: university

text: 's

text: William

text: Allen

text: White

text: School

text: of

text: Journalism

text: and

text: reaches

text: an

text: audience

text: of

text: at

text: least

text: daily

text: readers

text: through

text: its

text: print

text: and

text: online

text: publications

question: In what two forms of media is the Daily Kansan available?

answer: print and online

text: print and online

question: What institution houses the Daily Kansan?

answer: William Allen White School of Journalism

text: William Allen White School of Journalism

question: How big is the Daily Kansan's audience?

answer: at least 30,000

text: at least 30,000

question: In what three forms of media is the Daily Kansan available?

text: print and online

question: In what two forms of media is the Weekly Kansan available?

text: print and online

question: What institution doesn't house the Daily Kansan?

question: What institution houses the Monthly Kansan?

question: How big is the Daily Kansan's staff?

text: at least 30,000


text: Water splitting, in which water is decomposed into its component protons, electrons, and oxygen, occurs in the light reactions in all photosynthetic organisms. Some such organisms, including the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and cyanobacteria, have evolved a second step in the dark reactions in which protons and electrons are reduced to form H2 gas by specialized hydrogenases in the chloroplast. Efforts have been undertaken to genetically modify cyanobacterial hydrogenases to efficiently synthesize H2 gas even in the presence of oxygen. Efforts have also been undertaken with genetically modified alga in a bioreactor.

title: Hydrogen

title: Hydrogen

text: Water

text: splitting

text: in

text: which

text: water

text: is

text: decomposed

text: into

text: its

text: component

text: protons

text: electrons

text: and

text: oxygen

text: occurs

text: in

text: the

text: light

text: reactions

text: in

text: all

text: photosynthetic

text: organisms

text: Some

text: such

text: organisms

text: including

text: the

text: alga

text: Chlamydomonas

text: reinhardtii

text: and

text: cyanobacteria

text: have

text: evolved

text: a

text: second

text: step

text: in

text: the

text: dark

text: reactions

text: in

text: which

text: protons

text: and

text: electrons

text: are

text: reduced

text: to

text: form

text: gas

text: by

text: specialized

text: hydrogenases

text: in

text: the

text: chloroplast

text: Efforts

text: have

text: been

text: undertaken

text: to

text: genetically

text: modify

text: cyanobacterial

text: hydrogenases

text: to

text: efficiently

text: synthesize

text: gas

text: even

text: in

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: oxygen

text: Efforts

text: have

text: also

text: been

text: undertaken

text: with

text: genetically

text: modified

text: alga

text: in

text: a

text: bioreactor

question: What is the decomposition of water into its components called?

answer: Water splitting

text: Water splitting

question: Where does water splitting occur?

answer: in the light reactions in all photosynthetic organisms

text: in the light reactions in all photosynthetic organisms

question: What organisms can form H2 gas?

answer: alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and cyanobacteria

text: alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and cyanobacteria

question: How are these gases formed?

answer: by specialized hydrogenases in the chloroplast

text: by specialized hydrogenases in the chloroplast


text: Public transport is essential in New York City. 54.6% of New Yorkers commuted to work in 2005 using mass transit. This is in contrast to the rest of the United States, where about 90% of commuters drive automobiles to their workplace. According to the US Census Bureau, New York City residents spend an average of 38.4 minutes a day getting to work, the longest commute time in the nation among large cities. New York is the only US city in which a majority (52%) of households do not have a car; only 22% of Manhattanites own a car. Due to their high usage of mass transit, New Yorkers spend less of their household income on transportation than the national average, saving $19 billion annually on transportation compared to other urban Americans.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: Public

text: transport

text: is

text: essential

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: of

text: New

text: Yorkers

text: commuted

text: to

text: work

text: in

text: using

text: mass

text: transit

text: This

text: is

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: where

text: about

text: of

text: commuters

text: drive

text: automobiles

text: to

text: their

text: workplace

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: US

text: Census

text: Bureau

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: residents

text: spend

text: an

text: average

text: of

text: minutes

text: a

text: day

text: getting

text: to

text: work

text: the

text: longest

text: commute

text: time

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: among

text: large

text: cities

text: New

text: York

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: US

text: city

text: in

text: which

text: a

text: majority

text: of

text: households

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: a

text: car

text: only

text: of

text: Manhattanites

text: own

text: a

text: car

text: Due

text: to

text: their

text: high

text: usage

text: of

text: mass

text: transit

text: New

text: Yorkers

text: spend

text: less

text: of

text: their

text: household

text: income

text: on

text: transportation

text: than

text: the

text: national

text: average

text: saving

text: billion

text: annually

text: on

text: transportation

text: compared

text: to

text: other

text: urban

text: Americans

question: How many minutes does it take the average New Yorker to get to work?

answer: 38.4

question: What percentage of New Yorkers use public transportation to get to work?

answer: 54.6

question: What percentage of people living in Manhattan own a car?

answer: 22

question: In 2005, what percentage of New York residents used mass transit to get to work?

answer: 54.6%

question: What percentage of Americans drive cars to work?

answer: 90%

question: In minutes, how long does it take for the average New Yorker to get to work?

answer: 38.4

question: What percentage of New York households don't own an automobile?

answer: 52%

question: What percentage of Manhattan residents own an automobile?

answer: 22%


text: Namibia has free education for both Primary and secondary education levels. Grades 1–7 are primary level, grades 8–12 secondary. In 1998, there were 400,325 Namibian students in primary school and 115,237 students in secondary schools. The pupil-teacher ratio in 1999 was estimated at 32:1, with about 8% of the GDP being spent on education. Curriculum development, educational research, and professional development of teachers is centrally organised by the National Institute for Educational Development (NIED) in Okahandja.

title: Namibia

title: Namibia

text: Namibia

text: has

text: free

text: education

text: for

text: both

text: Primary

text: and

text: secondary

text: education

text: levels

text: Grades

text: are

text: primary

text: level

text: grades

text: secondary

text: In

text: there

text: were

text: Namibian

text: students

text: in

text: primary

text: school

text: and

text: students

text: in

text: secondary

text: schools

text: The

text: pupil

text: teacher

text: ratio

text: in

text: was

text: estimated

text: at

text: with

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: GDP

text: being

text: spent

text: on

text: education

text: Curriculum

text: development

text: educational

text: research

text: and

text: professional

text: development

text: of

text: teachers

text: is

text: centrally

text: organised

text: by

text: the

text: National

text: Institute

text: for

text: Educational

text: Development

text: NIED

text: in

text: Okahandja

question: What is the cost of primary and secondary education in Namibia?

answer: free

text: free

question: How many Namibian students were recorded in 1998 in primary school?

answer: 400,325

question: How many Namibian students were recorded in 1998 in secondary schools?

answer: 115,237

question: What was the pupil-teacher ratio in Namibia in 1999?

answer: 32:1

question: What develops the curriculum as well as other educational resources in Namibia?

answer: National Institute for Educational Development

text: National Institute for Educational Development

question: What is the capital of Namibia?

text: Okahandja

question: How many teachers are there in Namibia in primary and secondary schools?

question: How much of Namibia's GDP is spent on defense?

question: What was the pupil-teacher ratio in 2000?

question: What is the population of Okahandja?


text: The distinctive characteristic of Italian Gothic is the use of polychrome decoration, both externally as marble veneer on the brick façade and also internally where the arches are often made of alternating black and white segments, and where the columns may be painted red, the walls decorated with frescoes and the apse with mosaic. The plan is usually regular and symmetrical, Italian cathedrals have few and widely spaced columns. The proportions are generally mathematically equilibrated, based on the square and the concept of "armonìa", and except in Venice where they loved flamboyant arches, the arches are almost always equilateral. Colours and moldings define the architectural units rather than blending them. Italian cathedral façades are often polychrome and may include mosaics in the lunettes over the doors. The façades have projecting open porches and occular or wheel windows rather than roses, and do not usually have a tower. The crossing is usually surmounted by a dome. There is often a free-standing tower and baptistry. The eastern end usually has an apse of comparatively low projection. The windows are not as large as in northern Europe and, although stained glass windows are often found, the favourite narrative medium for the interior is the fresco.

title: Gothic_architecture

title: Gothic_architecture

text: The

text: distinctive

text: characteristic

text: of

text: Italian

text: Gothic

text: is

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: polychrome

text: decoration

text: both

text: externally

text: as

text: marble

text: veneer

text: on

text: the

text: brick

text: façade

text: and

text: also

text: internally

text: where

text: the

text: arches

text: are

text: often

text: made

text: of

text: alternating

text: black

text: and

text: white

text: segments

text: and

text: where

text: the

text: columns

text: may

text: be

text: painted

text: red

text: the

text: walls

text: decorated

text: with

text: frescoes

text: and

text: the

text: apse

text: with

text: mosaic

text: The

text: plan

text: is

text: usually

text: regular

text: and

text: symmetrical

text: Italian

text: cathedrals

text: have

text: few

text: and

text: widely

text: spaced

text: columns

text: The

text: proportions

text: are

text: generally

text: mathematically

text: equilibrated

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: square

text: and

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: armonìa

text: and

text: except

text: in

text: Venice

text: where

text: they

text: loved

text: flamboyant

text: arches

text: the

text: arches

text: are

text: almost

text: always

text: equilateral

text: Colours

text: and

text: moldings

text: define

text: the

text: architectural

text: units

text: rather

text: than

text: blending

text: them

text: Italian

text: cathedral

text: façades

text: are

text: often

text: polychrome

text: and

text: may

text: include

text: mosaics

text: in

text: the

text: lunettes

text: over

text: the

text: doors

text: The

text: façades

text: have

text: projecting

text: open

text: porches

text: and

text: occular

text: or

text: wheel

text: windows

text: rather

text: than

text: roses

text: and

text: do

text: not

text: usually

text: have

text: a

text: tower

text: The

text: crossing

text: is

text: usually

text: surmounted

text: by

text: a

text: dome

text: There

text: is

text: often

text: a

text: free

text: standing

text: tower

text: and

text: baptistry

text: The

text: eastern

text: end

text: usually

text: has

text: an

text: apse

text: of

text: comparatively

text: low

text: projection

text: The

text: windows

text: are

text: not

text: as

text: large

text: as

text: in

text: northern

text: Europe

text: and

text: although

text: stained

text: glass

text: windows

text: are

text: often

text: found

text: the

text: favourite

text: narrative

text: medium

text: for

text: the

text: interior

text: is

text: the

text: fresco

question: What is the unique characteristic of Italian Gothic design?

answer: the use of polychrome decoration

text: the use of polychrome decoration

question: What color are the columns of Italian Gothic cathedrals often painted?

answer: the columns may be painted red

text: the columns may be painted red

question: What type of arches do they love to use in Venice?

answer: they loved flamboyant arches

text: they loved flamboyant arches

question: Instead of rose windows, what type of windows do Italian cathedral facades usually feature?

answer: occular or wheel windows

text: occular or wheel windows

question: What is the preferred narrative medium for the interior of Italian cathedrals?

answer: the fresco

text: the fresco

question: What is the worst characteristic of Italian Gothic design?

text: the use of polychrome decoration

question: What color are the columns of Italian Gothic cathedrals always painted?

text: red

question: What type of arches do they never use in Venice?

text: flamboyant arches

question: What type of windows do Italian cathedral facades usually forbid?

text: occular or wheel windows

question: What is the preferred narrative medium for the interior of Italian cinemas?

text: the fresco


text: In 1976, a group of Italian American professors at City University of New York asked to be added as an affirmative action category for promotion and hiring. Italian Americans are usually considered white in the US and would not be covered under affirmative action policies, but the professors believed they were underrepresented. Libertarian economist Thomas Sowell wrote in his book, Affirmative Action Around the World: An Empirical Study, that affirmative action policies encourage non-preferred groups to designate themselves as members of preferred groups [i.e., primary beneficiaries of affirmative action] to take advantage of group preference policies.

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

title: Affirmative_action_in_the_United_States

text: In

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: Italian

text: American

text: professors

text: at

text: City

text: University

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: asked

text: to

text: be

text: added

text: as

text: an

text: affirmative

text: action

text: category

text: for

text: promotion

text: and

text: hiring

text: Italian

text: Americans

text: are

text: usually

text: considered

text: white

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: and

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: covered

text: under

text: affirmative

text: action

text: policies

text: but

text: the

text: professors

text: believed

text: they

text: were

text: underrepresented

text: Libertarian

text: economist

text: Thomas

text: Sowell

text: wrote

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: Affirmative

text: Action

text: Around

text: the

text: World

text: An

text: Empirical

text: Study

text: that

text: affirmative

text: action

text: policies

text: encourage

text: non

text: preferred

text: groups

text: to

text: designate

text: themselves

text: as

text: members

text: of

text: preferred

text: groups

text: i.e.

text: primary

text: beneficiaries

text: of

text: affirmative

text: action

text: to

text: take

text: advantage

text: of

text: group

text: preference

text: policies

question: Where were the Italian American professors employed that asked to be added as an affirmative action category?

answer: City University of New York

text: City University of New York

question: Which year did the Italian American Professors make their request?

answer: 1976

question: What category of race do Italian Americans normally fall under?

answer: white

text: white

question: What was the title of the book written by Thomas Sowell?

answer: Affirmative Action Around the World: An Empirical Study

text: Affirmative Action Around the World: An Empirical Study

question: Why would Italian Americans want to get themselves designated as members of a preferred group?

answer: to take advantage of group preference policies

text: to take advantage of group preference policies

question: Where were the Irish American professors employed that asked to be added as an affirmative action category?

text: City University of New York

question: Which year did the Irish American Professors make their request?

question: What category of race do Irish Americans normally fall under?

text: white

question: What was the title of the song written by Thomas Sowell?

question: Why would Italian Americans want to get themselves designated as members of a non-preferred group?


text: Large scale climatic changes, as have been experienced in the past, are expected to have an effect on the timing of migration. Studies have shown a variety of effects including timing changes in migration, breeding as well as population variations.

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: Large

text: scale

text: climatic

text: changes

text: as

text: have

text: been

text: experienced

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: are

text: expected

text: to

text: have

text: an

text: effect

text: on

text: the

text: timing

text: of

text: migration

text: Studies

text: have

text: shown

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: effects

text: including

text: timing

text: changes

text: in

text: migration

text: breeding

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: population

text: variations

question: What is expected to have an effect on migration timing?

answer: climatic changes

text: climatic changes

question: What have studies shown regarding climate change?

answer: timing changes in migration

text: timing changes in migration

question: What else is climate change been shown to change?

answer: breeding as well as population variations

text: breeding as well as population variations


text: From the 9th to 11th century, Armenian architecture underwent a revival under the patronage of the Bagratid Dynasty with a great deal of building done in the area of Lake Van, this included both traditional styles and new innovations. Ornately carved Armenian Khachkars were developed during this time. Many new cities and churches were built during this time, including a new capital at Lake Van and a new Cathedral on Akdamar Island to match. The Cathedral of Ani was also completed during this dynasty. It was during this time that the first major monasteries, such as Haghpat and Haritchavank were built. This period was ended by the Seljuk invasion.

title: Armenians

title: Armenians

text: From

text: the

text: to

text: century

text: Armenian

text: architecture

text: underwent

text: a

text: revival

text: under

text: the

text: patronage

text: of

text: the

text: Bagratid

text: Dynasty

text: with

text: a

text: great

text: deal

text: of

text: building

text: done

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: Lake

text: Van

text: this

text: included

text: both

text: traditional

text: styles

text: and

text: new

text: innovations

text: Ornately

text: carved

text: Armenian

text: Khachkars

text: were

text: developed

text: during

text: this

text: time

text: Many

text: new

text: cities

text: and

text: churches

text: were

text: built

text: during

text: this

text: time

text: including

text: a

text: new

text: capital

text: at

text: Lake

text: Van

text: and

text: a

text: new

text: Cathedral

text: on

text: Akdamar

text: Island

text: to

text: match

text: The

text: Cathedral

text: of

text: Ani

text: was

text: also

text: completed

text: during

text: this

text: dynasty

text: It

text: was

text: during

text: this

text: time

text: that

text: the

text: first

text: major

text: monasteries

text: such

text: as

text: Haghpat

text: and

text: Haritchavank

text: were

text: built

text: This

text: period

text: was

text: ended

text: by

text: the

text: Seljuk

text: invasion

question: Who invaded Armenia in the 11th century?

answer: Seljuk

text: Seljuk

question: What Armenian monasteries were built in the 11th century?

answer: Haghpat and Haritchavank

text: Haghpat and Haritchavank

question: When was there an Armenian architecture revival?

answer: From the 9th to 11th century

text: From the 9th to 11th century

question: What dynasty ruled Armenia in the 10th century?

answer: Bagratid Dynasty

text: Bagratid Dynasty

question: What was ornately carved in the 9th-11th centuries?

answer: Armenian Khachkars

text: Armenian Khachkars

question: Who was Khachkar invaded by in the 11th century?

text: Seljuk

question: Where was a new monastery built after the Seljuk invasion?

text: Akdamar Island

question: What cathedral was completed during the Khachkar dynasty?

text: The Cathedral of Ani

question: What two major monasteries were built during the Khachkar dynasty?

text: Haghpat and Haritchavank

question: What building style was used in the area of Haritchavank?


text: Around the sixth century AD, a tribe of Slavs arrived in a portion of Central Europe. According to legend they were led by a hero named Čech, from whom the word "Czech" derives. The ninth century brought the state of Great Moravia, whose first ruler (Rastislav of Moravia) invited Byzantine ruler Michael III to send missionaries in an attempt to reduce the influence of East Francia on religious and political life in his country. These missionaries, Constantine and Methodius, helped to convert the Czechs from traditional Slavic paganism to Christianity and established a church system. They also brought the Glagolitic alphabet to the West Slavs, whose language was previously unwritten. This language, later known as Proto-Czech, was beginning to separate from its fellow West Slavic hatchlings Proto-Slovak, Proto-Polish and Proto-Sorbian. Among other features, Proto-Czech was marked by its ephemeral use of the voiced velar fricative consonant (/ɣ/) and consistent stress on the first syllable.

title: Czech_language

title: Czech_language

text: Around

text: the

text: sixth

text: century

text: AD

text: a

text: tribe

text: of

text: Slavs

text: arrived

text: in

text: a

text: portion

text: of

text: Central

text: Europe

text: According

text: to

text: legend

text: they

text: were

text: led

text: by

text: a

text: hero

text: named

text: Čech

text: from

text: whom

text: the

text: word

text: Czech

text: derives

text: The

text: ninth

text: century

text: brought

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Great

text: Moravia

text: whose

text: first

text: ruler

text: Rastislav

text: of

text: Moravia

text: invited

text: Byzantine

text: ruler

text: Michael

text: III

text: to

text: send

text: missionaries

text: in

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: reduce

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: East

text: Francia

text: on

text: religious

text: and

text: political

text: life

text: in

text: his

text: country

text: These

text: missionaries

text: Constantine

text: and

text: Methodius

text: helped

text: to

text: convert

text: the

text: Czechs

text: from

text: traditional

text: Slavic

text: paganism

text: to

text: Christianity

text: and

text: established

text: a

text: church

text: system

text: They

text: also

text: brought

text: the

text: Glagolitic

text: alphabet

text: to

text: the

text: West

text: Slavs

text: whose

text: language

text: was

text: previously

text: unwritten

text: This

text: language

text: later

text: known

text: as

text: Proto

text: Czech

text: was

text: beginning

text: to

text: separate

text: from

text: its

text: fellow

text: West

text: Slavic

text: hatchlings

text: Proto

text: Slovak

text: Proto

text: Polish

text: and

text: Proto

text: Sorbian

text: Among

text: other

text: features

text: Proto

text: Czech

text: was

text: marked

text: by

text: its

text: ephemeral

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: voiced

text: velar

text: fricative

text: consonant

text: /ɣ/

text: and

text: consistent

text: stress

text: on

text: the

text: first

text: syllable

question: When did a tribe of Slavs arrive in Central Europe?

answer: sixth century AD

text: sixth century AD

question: Who was the hero who led the Slavs to their new home, according to legend?

answer: Čech

text: Čech

question: What did the ninth century bring?

answer: state of Great Moravia

text: state of Great Moravia

question: Whose influence was Rastislav eager to reduce, when he invited  Michael III to send missionaries?

answer: East Francia

text: East Francia

question: What alphabet did the missionaries bring to the West Slavs?

answer: Glagolitic

text: Glagolitic

question: When did Rastislav of Moravia arrive in Glagolitic?

text: Around the sixth century AD

question: Who did Constantine and Methodius lead to Central Europe?

text: a tribe of Slavs

question: Why did Cech send out missionaries?

question: What area did Cech think East Francia had too much influence on?

question: What kind of system was established by Cech?

text: a church system


text: As far back as the seventh century Japanese warriors wore a form of lamellar armor, this armor eventually evolved into the armor worn by the samurai. The first types of Japanese armors identified as samurai armor were known as yoroi. These early samurai armors were made from small individual scales known as kozane. The kozane were made from either iron or leather and were bound together into small strips, the strips were coated with lacquer to protect the kozane from water. A series of strips of kozane were then laced together with silk or leather lace and formed into a complete chest armor (dou or dō).

title: Samurai

title: Samurai

text: As

text: far

text: back

text: as

text: the

text: seventh

text: century

text: Japanese

text: warriors

text: wore

text: a

text: form

text: of

text: lamellar

text: armor

text: this

text: armor

text: eventually

text: evolved

text: into

text: the

text: armor

text: worn

text: by

text: the

text: samurai

text: The

text: first

text: types

text: of

text: Japanese

text: armors

text: identified

text: as

text: samurai

text: armor

text: were

text: known

text: as

text: yoroi

text: These

text: early

text: samurai

text: armors

text: were

text: made

text: from

text: small

text: individual

text: scales

text: known

text: as

text: kozane

text: The

text: kozane

text: were

text: made

text: from

text: either

text: iron

text: or

text: leather

text: and

text: were

text: bound

text: together

text: into

text: small

text: strips

text: the

text: strips

text: were

text: coated

text: with

text: lacquer

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: kozane

text: from

text: water

text: A

text: series

text: of

text: strips

text: of

text: kozane

text: were

text: then

text: laced

text: together

text: with

text: silk

text: or

text: leather

text: lace

text: and

text: formed

text: into

text: a

text: complete

text: chest

text: armor

text: dou

text: or

text: dō

question: What type of armor did Japanese wear in the 7th century?

answer: a form of lamellar armor

text: a form of lamellar armor

question: What was the first samurai armor called?

answer: yoroi

text: yoroi

question: What were the small scales in yoroi called?

answer: kozane

text: kozane

question: What were kozane made of?

answer: iron or leather

text: iron or leather

question: What was a full chest armor called?

answer: dou

text: dou


text: The ISO standard ISO 12232:2006 gives digital still camera manufacturers a choice of five different techniques for determining the exposure index rating at each sensitivity setting provided by a particular camera model. Three of the techniques in ISO 12232:2006 are carried over from the 1998 version of the standard, while two new techniques allowing for measurement of JPEG output files are introduced from CIPA DC-004. Depending on the technique selected, the exposure index rating can depend on the sensor sensitivity, the sensor noise, and the appearance of the resulting image. The standard specifies the measurement of light sensitivity of the entire digital camera system and not of individual components such as digital sensors, although Kodak has reported using a variation to characterize the sensitivity of two of their sensors in 2001.

title: Film_speed

title: Film_speed

text: The

text: ISO

text: standard

text: ISO

text: gives

text: digital

text: still

text: camera

text: manufacturers

text: a

text: choice

text: of

text: five

text: different

text: techniques

text: for

text: determining

text: the

text: exposure

text: index

text: rating

text: at

text: each

text: sensitivity

text: setting

text: provided

text: by

text: a

text: particular

text: camera

text: model

text: Three

text: of

text: the

text: techniques

text: in

text: ISO

text: are

text: carried

text: over

text: from

text: the

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: standard

text: while

text: two

text: new

text: techniques

text: allowing

text: for

text: measurement

text: of

text: JPEG

text: output

text: files

text: are

text: introduced

text: from

text: CIPA

text: Depending

text: on

text: the

text: technique

text: selected

text: the

text: exposure

text: index

text: rating

text: can

text: depend

text: on

text: the

text: sensor

text: sensitivity

text: the

text: sensor

text: noise

text: and

text: the

text: appearance

text: of

text: the

text: resulting

text: image

text: The

text: standard

text: specifies

text: the

text: measurement

text: of

text: light

text: sensitivity

text: of

text: the

text: entire

text: digital

text: camera

text: system

text: and

text: not

text: of

text: individual

text: components

text: such

text: as

text: digital

text: sensors

text: although

text: Kodak

text: has

text: reported

text: using

text: a

text: variation

text: to

text: characterize

text: the

text: sensitivity

text: of

text: two

text: of

text: their

text: sensors

text: in

question: How many techniques are available because of ISO 12232:2006?

answer: five

text: five

question: What techniques did CIPA DC-004 provide?

answer: two new techniques allowing for measurement of JPEG output files

text: two new techniques allowing for measurement of JPEG output files

question: What factors affect the exposure index rating?

answer: the sensor sensitivity, the sensor noise, and the appearance of the resulting image

text: the sensor sensitivity, the sensor noise, and the appearance of the resulting image

question: What does the standard of ISO 12232:2006 specify?

answer: the measurement of light sensitivity of the entire digital camera system and not of individual components

text: the measurement of light sensitivity of the entire digital camera system and not of individual components

question: In what year did Kodak start using a different way of characterizing two sensors?

answer: 2001

question: When was ISO 12232:2006 made public?

question: How many JPEG techniques were introduced in 1998?

text: Three

question: What are the three techniques that affect ISO?

question: How many techniques depend on sensor sensitivity?

text: five

question: When did Kodak stop using variations of sensitivity?


text: One result of debates over the meaning and validity of the concept of race is that the current literature across different disciplines regarding human variation lacks consensus, though within some fields, such as some branches of anthropology, there is strong consensus. Some studies use the word race in its early essentialist taxonomic sense. Many others still use the term race, but use it to mean a population, clade, or haplogroup. Others eschew the concept of race altogether, and use the concept of population as a less problematic unit of analysis.

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: One

text: result

text: of

text: debates

text: over

text: the

text: meaning

text: and

text: validity

text: of

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: race

text: is

text: that

text: the

text: current

text: literature

text: across

text: different

text: disciplines

text: regarding

text: human

text: variation

text: lacks

text: consensus

text: though

text: within

text: some

text: fields

text: such

text: as

text: some

text: branches

text: of

text: anthropology

text: there

text: is

text: strong

text: consensus

text: Some

text: studies

text: use

text: the

text: word

text: race

text: in

text: its

text: early

text: essentialist

text: taxonomic

text: sense

text: Many

text: others

text: still

text: use

text: the

text: term

text: race

text: but

text: use

text: it

text: to

text: mean

text: a

text: population

text: clade

text: or

text: haplogroup

text: Others

text: eschew

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: race

text: altogether

text: and

text: use

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: population

text: as

text: a

text: less

text: problematic

text: unit

text: of

text: analysis

question: What does the current literature regarding human variation lack?

answer: consensus

text: consensus

question: What do some studies use the word race in the sense of?

answer: taxonomic

text: taxonomic

question: What term do some use to mean population, clade, or haplogroup?

answer: race

text: race

question: What do some eschew altogether?

answer: the concept of race

text: the concept of race

question: What is a less problematic unit of analysis?

answer: concept of population

text: concept of population


text: Beginning in the tenth season[citation needed], permanent mentors were brought in during the live shows to help guide the contestants with their song choice and performance. Jimmy Iovine was the mentor in the tenth through twelfth seasons, former judge Randy Jackson was the mentor for the thirteenth season and Scott Borchetta was the mentor for the fourteenth and fifteenth season. The mentors regularly bring in guest mentors to aid them, including Akon, Alicia Keys, Lady Gaga, and current judge Harry Connick, Jr..

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: Beginning

text: in

text: the

text: tenth

text: season[citation

text: needed

text: permanent

text: mentors

text: were

text: brought

text: in

text: during

text: the

text: live

text: shows

text: to

text: help

text: guide

text: the

text: contestants

text: with

text: their

text: song

text: choice

text: and

text: performance

text: Jimmy

text: Iovine

text: was

text: the

text: mentor

text: in

text: the

text: tenth

text: through

text: twelfth

text: seasons

text: former

text: judge

text: Randy

text: Jackson

text: was

text: the

text: mentor

text: for

text: the

text: thirteenth

text: season

text: and

text: Scott

text: Borchetta

text: was

text: the

text: mentor

text: for

text: the

text: fourteenth

text: and

text: fifteenth

text: season

text: The

text: mentors

text: regularly

text: bring

text: in

text: guest

text: mentors

text: to

text: aid

text: them

text: including

text: Akon

text: Alicia

text: Keys

text: Lady

text: Gaga

text: and

text: current

text: judge

text: Harry

text: Connick

text: Jr

question: Who was a mentor to the contestants on American Idol in its thirteenth season?

answer: Randy Jackson

text: Randy Jackson

question: Who mentored contestants in the fourteenth and fifteenth seasons of American Idol?

answer: Scott Borchetta

text: Scott Borchetta

question: What two things did the mentors help the contestants with?

answer: song choice and performance

text: song choice and performance

question: Who was the mentor for seasons 10 - 12?

answer: Jimmy Iovine

text: Jimmy Iovine

question: Who was the mentor for season 13?

answer: Randy Jackson

text: Randy Jackson

question: Who was the mentor for seasons 14 and 15?

answer: Scott Borchetta

text: Scott Borchetta


text: From 1842 onwards, Chopin showed signs of serious illness. After a solo recital in Paris on 21 February 1842, he wrote to Grzymała: "I have to lie in bed all day long, my mouth and tonsils are aching so much." He was forced by illness to decline a written invitation from Alkan to participate in a repeat performance of the Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement at Erard's on 1 March 1843. Late in 1844, Charles Hallé visited Chopin and found him "hardly able to move, bent like a half-opened penknife and evidently in great pain", although his spirits returned when he started to play the piano for his visitor. Chopin's health continued to deteriorate, particularly from this time onwards. Modern research suggests that apart from any other illnesses, he may also have suffered from temporal lobe epilepsy.

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: From

text: onwards

text: Chopin

text: showed

text: signs

text: of

text: serious

text: illness

text: After

text: a

text: solo

text: recital

text: in

text: Paris

text: on

text: February

text: he

text: wrote

text: to

text: Grzymała

text: I

text: have

text: to

text: lie

text: in

text: bed

text: all

text: day

text: long

text: my

text: mouth

text: and

text: tonsils

text: are

text: aching

text: so

text: much

text: He

text: was

text: forced

text: by

text: illness

text: to

text: decline

text: a

text: written

text: invitation

text: from

text: Alkan

text: to

text: participate

text: in

text: a

text: repeat

text: performance

text: of

text: the

text: Beethoven

text: Seventh

text: Symphony

text: arrangement

text: at

text: Erard

text: 's

text: on

text: March

text: Late

text: in

text: Charles

text: Hallé

text: visited

text: Chopin

text: and

text: found

text: him

text: hardly

text: able

text: to

text: move

text: bent

text: like

text: a

text: half

text: opened

text: penknife

text: and

text: evidently

text: in

text: great

text: pain

text: although

text: his

text: spirits

text: returned

text: when

text: he

text: started

text: to

text: play

text: the

text: piano

text: for

text: his

text: visitor

text: Chopin

text: 's

text: health

text: continued

text: to

text: deteriorate

text: particularly

text: from

text: this

text: time

text: onwards

text: Modern

text: research

text: suggests

text: that

text: apart

text: from

text: any

text: other

text: illnesses

text: he

text: may

text: also

text: have

text: suffered

text: from

text: temporal

text: lobe

text: epilepsy

question: In which year did Chopin begin experiencing a serious decline in health?

answer: 1842

question: To whom did Chopin write a letter on 21 February 1842 about his agonizing pain?

answer: Grzymała

text: Grzymała

question: What performance was Chopin forced to decline due to his increasing ill health?

answer: Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement at Erard's

text: Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement at Erard's

question: What instrument did Chopin play for Charles Hallé when the latter visited him?

answer: piano

text: piano

question: What has current day research suggested that Chopin was suffering from alongside his other illnesses?

answer: temporal lobe epilepsy

text: temporal lobe epilepsy

question: Starting in what year did Chopin start showing evidence of very bad health?

answer: 1842

question: What second performance did Chopin have to decline to play?

answer: Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement

text: Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement

question: What specific illness does modern evidence point to Chopin having?

answer: temporal lobe epilepsy

text: temporal lobe epilepsy

question: When did Chopin show signs of serious illness?

answer: From 1842 onwards

text: From 1842 onwards

question: Chopin wrote in 1842 that he had to lie in bed all day because what ached so much?

answer: mouth and tonsils

text: mouth and tonsils

question: Chopin had to decline who's invitation in 1843 to particpate in a performance at Erard's?

answer: Alkan

text: Alkan

question: Who visited Chopin in 1844 and wrote about his inability to move?

answer: Charles Hallé

text: Charles Hallé

question: Modern medicine indicates Chopin may have suffered from what condition?

answer: temporal lobe epilepsy.

text: temporal lobe epilepsy.


text: In 1822, the citizens of Boston voted to change the official name from "the Town of Boston" to "the City of Boston", and on March 4, 1822, the people of Boston accepted the charter incorporating the City. At the time Boston was chartered as a city, the population was about 46,226, while the area of the city was only 4.7 square miles (12 km2).

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: In

text: the

text: citizens

text: of

text: Boston

text: voted

text: to

text: change

text: the

text: official

text: name

text: from

text: the

text: Town

text: of

text: Boston

text: to

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: Boston

text: and

text: on

text: March

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: Boston

text: accepted

text: the

text: charter

text: incorporating

text: the

text: City

text: At

text: the

text: time

text: Boston

text: was

text: chartered

text: as

text: a

text: city

text: the

text: population

text: was

text: about

text: while

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: only

text: square

text: miles

question: What was the City of Boston's name before it was the City of Boston?

answer: the Town of Boston

text: the Town of Boston

question: What year was the name changes to the City of Boston?

answer: 1822

question: Boston was chartered as what in 1822?

answer: a city

text: a city

question: What was the population of Boston in 1822?

answer: about 46,226

text: about 46,226

question: How many square miles was the city in 1822?

answer: 4.7 square miles

text: 4.7 square miles


text: Britain had been surprised by the sudden Prussian offensive but now began shipping supplies and ₤670,000 (equivalent to ₤89.9 million in 2015) to its new ally. A combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover from French invasion, under the command of the Duke of Cumberland. The British attempted to persuade the Dutch Republic to join the alliance, but the request was rejected, as the Dutch wished to remain fully neutral. Despite the huge disparity in numbers, the year had been successful for the Prussian-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing British campaigns in North America.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: Britain

text: had

text: been

text: surprised

text: by

text: the

text: sudden

text: Prussian

text: offensive

text: but

text: now

text: began

text: shipping

text: supplies

text: and

text: equivalent

text: to

text: million

text: in

text: to

text: its

text: new

text: ally

text: A

text: combined

text: force

text: of

text: allied

text: German

text: states

text: was

text: organised

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: to

text: protect

text: Hanover

text: from

text: French

text: invasion

text: under

text: the

text: command

text: of

text: the

text: Duke

text: of

text: Cumberland

text: The

text: British

text: attempted

text: to

text: persuade

text: the

text: Dutch

text: Republic

text: to

text: join

text: the

text: alliance

text: but

text: the

text: request

text: was

text: rejected

text: as

text: the

text: Dutch

text: wished

text: to

text: remain

text: fully

text: neutral

text: Despite

text: the

text: huge

text: disparity

text: in

text: numbers

text: the

text: year

text: had

text: been

text: successful

text: for

text: the

text: Prussian

text: led

text: forces

text: on

text: the

text: continent

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: disappointing

text: British

text: campaigns

text: in

text: North

text: America

question: How did Britain Protect Hanover?

answer: combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover

text: combined force of allied German states was organised by the British to protect Hanover

question: How did the British support Prussia?

answer: shipping supplies and ₤670,000

text: shipping supplies and ₤670,000

question: Why did the Dutch reject Britain's offer to join the alliance?

answer: the Dutch wished to remain fully neutral

text: the Dutch wished to remain fully neutral

question: Who had done better, the Prussians in Europe or the Brits in North America?

answer: successful for the Prussian-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing British campaigns in North America.

text: successful for the Prussian-led forces on the continent, in contrast to disappointing British campaigns in North America.

question: Who led the force to defend Hanover?

answer: under the command of the Duke of Cumberland

text: under the command of the Duke of Cumberland


text: Colin Humphreys and W. G. Waddington of Oxford University considered the possibility that a lunar, rather than solar, eclipse might have taken place. They concluded that such an eclipse would have been visible, for thirty minutes, from Jerusalem and suggested the gospel reference to a solar eclipse was the result of a scribe wrongly amending a text. Historian David Henige dismisses this explanation as 'indefensible' and astronomer Bradley Schaefer points out that the lunar eclipse would not have been visible during daylight hours.

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

text: Colin

text: Humphreys

text: and

text: W.

text: G.

text: Waddington

text: of

text: Oxford

text: University

text: considered

text: the

text: possibility

text: that

text: a

text: lunar

text: rather

text: than

text: solar

text: eclipse

text: might

text: have

text: taken

text: place

text: They

text: concluded

text: that

text: such

text: an

text: eclipse

text: would

text: have

text: been

text: visible

text: for

text: thirty

text: minutes

text: from

text: Jerusalem

text: and

text: suggested

text: the

text: gospel

text: reference

text: to

text: a

text: solar

text: eclipse

text: was

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: a

text: scribe

text: wrongly

text: amending

text: a

text: text

text: Historian

text: David

text: Henige

text: dismisses

text: this

text: explanation

text: as

text: indefensible

text: and

text: astronomer

text: Bradley

text: Schaefer

text: points

text: out

text: that

text: the

text: lunar

text: eclipse

text: would

text: not

text: have

text: been

text: visible

text: during

text: daylight

text: hours

question: What is recently considered the type of eclipse that occurred?

answer: lunar

text: lunar

question: How long would a lunar eclipse be visible?

answer: thirty minutes

text: thirty minutes

question: What person possibly made a mistake while copying text?

answer: a scribe wrongly amending a text

text: a scribe wrongly amending a text

question: Which historian says this opinion is indefensible?

answer: David Henige

text: David Henige

question: What inconsistency would be found in this explanation?

answer: the lunar eclipse would not have been visible during daylight hours

text: the lunar eclipse would not have been visible during daylight hours

question: What university is David Henige employed by?

text: Oxford University

question: What event did David Henige believe might have happened instead of a solar eclipse?

text: lunar

question: For how many minutes did David Henige belive the lunar eclipse would be visible?

text: thirty minutes

question: What city was Henige originally from?

text: Jerusalem

question: What does Colin Humphreys dismiss the explanation as?

text: 'indefensible'


text: Tito has also been named as responsible for systematic eradication of the ethnic German (Danube Swabian) population in Vojvodina by expulsions and mass executions following the collapse of the German occupation of Yugoslavia at the end of World War II, in contrast to his inclusive attitude towards other Yugoslav nationalities.

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: Tito

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: named

text: as

text: responsible

text: for

text: systematic

text: eradication

text: of

text: the

text: ethnic

text: German

text: Danube

text: Swabian

text: population

text: in

text: Vojvodina

text: by

text: expulsions

text: and

text: mass

text: executions

text: following

text: the

text: collapse

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: occupation

text: of

text: Yugoslavia

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: his

text: inclusive

text: attitude

text: towards

text: other

text: Yugoslav

text: nationalities

question: What is the ethnic origin of the Danube Swabian people?

answer: German

text: German

question: Where is the location of the Danube Swabian population?

answer: Vojvodina

text: Vojvodina

question: There were mass executions of Danube Swabian populations in what city?

answer: Vojvodina

text: Vojvodina

question: Which group of people occupied Yugoslavia at the end of World War II?

answer: German

text: German

question: At the end of what World War did the Germans occupy Yugoslavia?

answer: World War II,

text: World War II,


text: Because the universal acceptance of international laws which in 1948 defined and forbade genocide with the promulgation of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (CPPCG), those criminals who were prosecuted after the war in international courts for taking part in the Holocaust were found guilty of crimes against humanity and other more specific crimes like murder. Nevertheless, the Holocaust is universally recognized to have been a genocide and the term, that had been coined the year before by Raphael Lemkin, appeared in the indictment of the 24 Nazi leaders, Count 3, which stated that all the defendants had "conducted deliberate and systematic genocide—namely, the extermination of racial and national groups..."

title: Genocide

title: Genocide

text: Because

text: the

text: universal

text: acceptance

text: of

text: international

text: laws

text: which

text: in

text: defined

text: and

text: forbade

text: genocide

text: with

text: the

text: promulgation

text: of

text: the

text: Convention

text: on

text: the

text: Prevention

text: and

text: Punishment

text: of

text: the

text: Crime

text: of

text: Genocide

text: CPPCG

text: those

text: criminals

text: who

text: were

text: prosecuted

text: after

text: the

text: war

text: in

text: international

text: courts

text: for

text: taking

text: part

text: in

text: the

text: Holocaust

text: were

text: found

text: guilty

text: of

text: crimes

text: against

text: humanity

text: and

text: other

text: more

text: specific

text: crimes

text: like

text: murder

text: Nevertheless

text: the

text: Holocaust

text: is

text: universally

text: recognized

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: a

text: genocide

text: and

text: the

text: term

text: that

text: had

text: been

text: coined

text: the

text: year

text: before

text: by

text: Raphael

text: Lemkin

text: appeared

text: in

text: the

text: indictment

text: of

text: the

text: Nazi

text: leaders

text: Count

text: which

text: stated

text: that

text: all

text: the

text: defendants

text: had

text: conducted

text: deliberate

text: and

text: systematic

text: genocide

text: namely

text: the

text: extermination

text: of

text: racial

text: and

text: national

text: groups

question: In 1948 the worldwide acceptance of international laws that defined and forbade genocide was promulgated by which treaty?

answer: Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide

text: Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide

question: Perpetrators who were tried after World War II were in general found guilty of crimes against what?

answer: humanity

text: humanity

question: An example of a more specific genocidal crime of which one could be accused was what?

answer: crimes like murder

text: crimes like murder

question: After WWII criminals were largely prosecuted under CPPCG for their involvement in what massive genocidal effort?

answer: the Holocaust

text: the Holocaust

question: Who is notable for coining the term "Holocaust?"

answer: Raphael Lemkin

text: Raphael Lemkin

question: Which treaty in 1948 defined and forbade promulgation?

question: What were CPPCG who were tried after World War found guilty of?

text: crimes against humanity

question: What is an example of a more specific international crime of which one could be accused?

text: crimes like murder

question: What massive genocidal effort were criminals largely prosecuted after count 3 for?

text: the Holocaust

question: Who is notable for coining the term "extermination?"

text: Raphael Lemkin


text: Ireland has an "Institute of Technology" system, formerly referred to as Regional Technical College (RTCs) system. The terms "IT" and "IT's" are now widely used to describe an Institute(s) of Technology. These institutions offer sub-degree, degree and post-graduate level studies. Unlike the Irish university system an Institute of Technology also offers sub-degree programmes such as 2-year Higher Certificate programme in various academic fields of study. Some institutions have "delegated authority" that allows them to make awards in their own name, after authorisation by the Higher Education & Training Awards Council.

title: Institute_of_technology

title: Institute_of_technology

text: Ireland

text: has

text: an

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: system

text: formerly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Regional

text: Technical

text: College

text: RTCs

text: system

text: The

text: terms

text: IT

text: and

text: IT

text: 's

text: are

text: now

text: widely

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: an

text: Institute(s

text: of

text: Technology

text: These

text: institutions

text: offer

text: sub

text: degree

text: degree

text: and

text: post

text: graduate

text: level

text: studies

text: Unlike

text: the

text: Irish

text: university

text: system

text: an

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: also

text: offers

text: sub

text: degree

text: programmes

text: such

text: as

text: Higher

text: Certificate

text: programme

text: in

text: various

text: academic

text: fields

text: of

text: study

text: Some

text: institutions

text: have

text: delegated

text: authority

text: that

text: allows

text: them

text: to

text: make

text: awards

text: in

text: their

text: own

text: name

text: after

text: authorisation

text: by

text: the

text: Higher

text: Education

text: Training

text: Awards

text: Council

question: What was the original name of Ireland's Institute of Technology system?

answer: Regional Technical College

text: Regional Technical College


text: Major corporations with headquarters in Tennessee include FedEx, AutoZone and International Paper, all based in Memphis; Pilot Corporation and Regal Entertainment Group, based in Knoxville; Eastman Chemical Company, based in Kingsport; the North American headquarters of Nissan Motor Company, based in Franklin; Hospital Corporation of America and Caterpillar Financial, based in Nashville; and Unum, based in Chattanooga. Tennessee is also the location of the Volkswagen factory in Chattanooga, a $2 billion polysilicon production facility by Wacker Chemie in Bradley County, and a $1.2 billion polysilicon production facility by Hemlock Semiconductor in Clarksville.

title: Tennessee

title: Tennessee

text: Major

text: corporations

text: with

text: headquarters

text: in

text: Tennessee

text: include

text: FedEx

text: AutoZone

text: and

text: International

text: Paper

text: all

text: based

text: in

text: Memphis

text: Pilot

text: Corporation

text: and

text: Regal

text: Entertainment

text: Group

text: based

text: in

text: Knoxville

text: Eastman

text: Chemical

text: Company

text: based

text: in

text: Kingsport

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: headquarters

text: of

text: Nissan

text: Motor

text: Company

text: based

text: in

text: Franklin

text: Hospital

text: Corporation

text: of

text: America

text: and

text: Caterpillar

text: Financial

text: based

text: in

text: Nashville

text: and

text: Unum

text: based

text: in

text: Chattanooga

text: Tennessee

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: location

text: of

text: the

text: Volkswagen

text: factory

text: in

text: Chattanooga

text: a

text: billion

text: polysilicon

text: production

text: facility

text: by

text: Wacker

text: Chemie

text: in

text: Bradley

text: County

text: and

text: a

text: billion

text: polysilicon

text: production

text: facility

text: by

text: Hemlock

text: Semiconductor

text: in

text: Clarksville

question: Where in Tennessee is the headquarters of International Paper?

answer: Memphis

text: Memphis

question: Where is Nissan Motor Company's headquarters in the United States?

answer: Franklin

text: Franklin

question: Which company has a $2 billion production plant in Bradley County?

answer: Wacker Chemie

text: Wacker Chemie

question: Hemlock Semiconductor produces electronic components in which Tennessee city?

answer: Clarksville

text: Clarksville

question: Which major global shipping company is based in Memphis?

answer: FedEx

text: FedEx


text: A famous saying by the 8th-century Indian Buddhist scholar-saint Shantideva, which the 14th Dalai Lama often cites as his favourite verse, summarizes the Bodhisattva's intention (Bodhicitta) as follows: "For as long as space endures, and for as long as living beings remain, until then may I too abide to dispel the misery of the world."[citation needed]

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: A

text: famous

text: saying

text: by

text: the

text: century

text: Indian

text: Buddhist

text: scholar

text: saint

text: Shantideva

text: which

text: the

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: often

text: cites

text: as

text: his

text: favourite

text: verse

text: summarizes

text: the

text: Bodhisattva

text: 's

text: intention

text: Bodhicitta

text: as

text: follows

text: For

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: space

text: endures

text: and

text: for

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: living

text: beings

text: remain

text: until

text: then

text: may

text: I

text: too

text: abide

text: to

text: dispel

text: the

text: misery

text: of

text: the

text: world."[citation

text: needed

question: Which Dalai Lama cites Shantideva's famous saying?

answer: the 14th Dalai Lama

text: the 14th Dalai Lama


text: Schwarzenegger's official height of 6'2" (1.88 m) has been brought into question by several articles. In his bodybuilding days in the late 1960s, he was measured to be 6'1.5" (1.87 m), a height confirmed by his fellow bodybuilders. However, in 1988 both the Daily Mail and Time Out magazine mentioned that Schwarzenegger appeared noticeably shorter. Prior to running for Governor, Schwarzenegger's height was once again questioned in an article by the Chicago Reader. As Governor, Schwarzenegger engaged in a light-hearted exchange with Assemblyman Herb Wesson over their heights. At one point, Wesson made an unsuccessful attempt to, in his own words, "settle this once and for all and find out how tall he is" by using a tailor's tape measure on the Governor. Schwarzenegger retaliated by placing a pillow stitched with the words "Need a lift?" on the five-foot-five inch (165 cm) Wesson's chair before a negotiating session in his office. Bob Mulholland also claimed Schwarzenegger was 5'10" (1.78 m) and that he wore risers in his boots. In 1999, Men's Health magazine stated his height was 5'10".

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: Schwarzenegger

text: 's

text: official

text: height

text: of

text: m

text: has

text: been

text: brought

text: into

text: question

text: by

text: several

text: articles

text: In

text: his

text: bodybuilding

text: days

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: he

text: was

text: measured

text: to

text: be

text: m

text: a

text: height

text: confirmed

text: by

text: his

text: fellow

text: bodybuilders

text: However

text: in

text: both

text: the

text: Daily

text: Mail

text: and

text: Time

text: Out

text: magazine

text: mentioned

text: that

text: Schwarzenegger

text: appeared

text: noticeably

text: shorter

text: Prior

text: to

text: running

text: for

text: Governor

text: Schwarzenegger

text: 's

text: height

text: was

text: once

text: again

text: questioned

text: in

text: an

text: article

text: by

text: the

text: Chicago

text: Reader

text: As

text: Governor

text: Schwarzenegger

text: engaged

text: in

text: a

text: light

text: hearted

text: exchange

text: with

text: Assemblyman

text: Herb

text: Wesson

text: over

text: their

text: heights

text: At

text: one

text: point

text: Wesson

text: made

text: an

text: unsuccessful

text: attempt

text: to

text: in

text: his

text: own

text: words

text: settle

text: this

text: once

text: and

text: for

text: all

text: and

text: find

text: out

text: how

text: tall

text: he

text: is

text: by

text: using

text: a

text: tailor

text: 's

text: tape

text: measure

text: on

text: the

text: Governor

text: Schwarzenegger

text: retaliated

text: by

text: placing

text: a

text: pillow

text: stitched

text: with

text: the

text: words

text: Need

text: a

text: lift

text: on

text: the

text: five

text: foot

text: five

text: inch

text: cm

text: Wesson

text: 's

text: chair

text: before

text: a

text: negotiating

text: session

text: in

text: his

text: office

text: Bob

text: Mulholland

text: also

text: claimed

text: Schwarzenegger

text: was

text: m

text: and

text: that

text: he

text: wore

text: risers

text: in

text: his

text: boots

text: In

text: Men

text: 's

text: Health

text: magazine

text: stated

text: his

text: height

text: was

question: How tall does Schwarzenegger claim to be?

answer: 6'2"

question: What Assemblyman playfully tried to measure Schwarzenegger's height?

answer: Herb Wesson

text: Herb Wesson

question: How tall did Men's Health magazine report Schwarzenegger to be in a 1999 issue?

answer: 5'10"


text: The term "classical music" did not appear until the early 19th century, in an attempt to distinctly canonize the period from Johann Sebastian Bach to Beethoven as a golden age. The earliest reference to "classical music" recorded by the Oxford English Dictionary is from about 1836.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: The

text: term

text: classical

text: music

text: did

text: not

text: appear

text: until

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: in

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: distinctly

text: canonize

text: the

text: period

text: from

text: Johann

text: Sebastian

text: Bach

text: to

text: Beethoven

text: as

text: a

text: golden

text: age

text: The

text: earliest

text: reference

text: to

text: classical

text: music

text: recorded

text: by

text: the

text: Oxford

text: English

text: Dictionary

text: is

text: from

text: about

question: When did the term "classical music" appear?

answer: the early 19th century

text: the early 19th century

question: What period is referred to as a "golden age"?

answer: the period from Johann Sebastian Bach to Beethoven

text: the period from Johann Sebastian Bach to Beethoven

question: What year is the earliest reference to 'classical music'?

answer: 1836

question: What book holds the earliest reference to 'classical music'?

answer: Oxford English Dictionary

text: Oxford English Dictionary

question: What term did not appear until the early 19th century?

answer: classical music

text: classical music

question: What 'age' is the period from Johann Sebastian Bach to Beethoven referred to as?

answer: golden age

text: golden age

question: What year was the earliest reference to classical music?

answer: 1836

question: In what book was the earliest reference to classical music?

answer: Oxford English Dictionary

text: Oxford English Dictionary


text: Much of the cuisine of former Ottoman territories today is descended from a shared Ottoman cuisine, especially Turkish cuisine, and including Greek cuisine, Balkan cuisine, Armenian cuisine, and Middle Eastern cuisine. Many common dishes in the region, descendants of the once-common Ottoman cuisine, include yogurt, döner kebab/gyro/shawarma, cacık/tzatziki, ayran, pita bread, feta cheese, baklava, lahmacun, moussaka, yuvarlak, köfte/keftés/kofta, börek/boureki, rakı/rakia/tsipouro/tsikoudia, meze, dolma, sarma, rice pilaf, Turkish coffee, sujuk, kashk, keşkek, manti, lavash, kanafeh, and more.

title: Ottoman_Empire

title: Ottoman_Empire

text: Much

text: of

text: the

text: cuisine

text: of

text: former

text: Ottoman

text: territories

text: today

text: is

text: descended

text: from

text: a

text: shared

text: Ottoman

text: cuisine

text: especially

text: Turkish

text: cuisine

text: and

text: including

text: Greek

text: cuisine

text: Balkan

text: cuisine

text: Armenian

text: cuisine

text: and

text: Middle

text: Eastern

text: cuisine

text: Many

text: common

text: dishes

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: descendants

text: of

text: the

text: once

text: common

text: Ottoman

text: cuisine

text: include

text: yogurt

text: döner

text: kebab

text: gyro

text: shawarma

text: cacık

text: tzatziki

text: ayran

text: pita

text: bread

text: feta

text: cheese

text: baklava

text: lahmacun

text: moussaka

text: yuvarlak

text: köfte

text: keftés

text: kofta

text: börek

text: boureki

text: rakı

text: rakia

text: tsipouro

text: tsikoudia

text: meze

text: dolma

text: sarma

text: rice

text: pilaf

text: Turkish

text: coffee

text: sujuk

text: kashk

text: keşkek

text: manti

text: lavash

text: kanafeh

text: and

text: more

question: Turkish cuisine originates from what source?

answer: a shared Ottoman cuisine

text: a shared Ottoman cuisine

question: The cuisine of what territories are descended from Ottoman cuisine?

answer: former Ottoman territories

text: former Ottoman territories

question: Turkish and Greek cuisine are descended from Ottoman Cuisine, along with the food of what other regions?

answer: Balkan cuisine, Armenian cuisine, and Middle Eastern cuisine

text: Balkan cuisine, Armenian cuisine, and Middle Eastern cuisine

question: Turkish coffee is descended from what?

answer: Ottoman cuisine

text: Ottoman cuisine

question: Pita bread descends from what type of cuisine?

answer: Ottoman cuisine

text: Ottoman cuisine


text: With the gradual weakening of the Marathas in the aftermath of the three Anglo-Maratha wars, the British also secured the Ganges-Jumna Doab, the Delhi-Agra region, parts of Bundelkhand, Broach, some districts of Gujarat, the fort of Ahmmadnagar, province of Cuttack (which included Mughalbandi/the coastal part of Odisha, Garjat/the princely states of Odisha, Balasore Port, parts of Midnapore district of West Bengal), Bombay (Mumbai) and the surrounding areas, leading to a formal end of the Maratha empire and firm establishment of the British East India Company in India.

title: East_India_Company

title: East_India_Company

text: With

text: the

text: gradual

text: weakening

text: of

text: the

text: Marathas

text: in

text: the

text: aftermath

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: Anglo

text: Maratha

text: wars

text: the

text: British

text: also

text: secured

text: the

text: Ganges

text: Jumna

text: Doab

text: the

text: Delhi

text: Agra

text: region

text: parts

text: of

text: Bundelkhand

text: Broach

text: some

text: districts

text: of

text: Gujarat

text: the

text: fort

text: of

text: Ahmmadnagar

text: province

text: of

text: Cuttack

text: which

text: included

text: Mughalbandi

text: the

text: coastal

text: part

text: of

text: Odisha

text: Garjat

text: the

text: princely

text: states

text: of

text: Odisha

text: Balasore

text: Port

text: parts

text: of

text: Midnapore

text: district

text: of

text: West

text: Bengal

text: Bombay

text: Mumbai

text: and

text: the

text: surrounding

text: areas

text: leading

text: to

text: a

text: formal

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Maratha

text: empire

text: and

text: firm

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: East

text: India

text: Company

text: in

text: India

question: how many Anglo Maratha wars were there?

answer: three

text: three

question: What empire ended after the three Anglo- Maratha wars?

answer: Maratha empire

text: Maratha empire

question: With the formal end of Maratha Empire the EIC created a  firm hold on what country?

answer: India

text: India

question: Was the Maratha Empire ended quick or gradual?

answer: gradual

text: gradual

question: what country  took over the fort of Ahmmadnagar that then became part of the cause for the Maratha Emprie to end?

answer: British

text: British

question: How many Anglo Maratha parties were there?

text: three

question: What empire ended after the seven Anglo-Maratha wars?

text: Maratha empire

question: How long did it take for Maratha empire to dominate the world?

text: gradual

question: What museum took over the fort of Ahmmadnagar that then became part of the cause for the Maratha Emprie to end?

text: British

question: What country had a weak hold by the EIC after the formal end of the Maratha empire?

text: India


text: Garry Trudeau, creator of the political Doonesbury comic strip, attended Yale University. There he met fellow student and later Green Party candidate for Congress Charles Pillsbury, a long-time New Haven resident for whom Trudeau's comic strip is named. During his college years, Pillsbury was known by the nickname "The Doones". A theory of international law, which argues for a sociological normative approach in regards to jurisprudence, is named the New Haven Approach, after the city. Connecticut US senator Richard Blumenthal is a Yale graduate, as is former Connecticut US Senator Joe Lieberman who also was a New Haven resident for many years, before moving back to his hometown of Stamford.

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: Garry

text: Trudeau

text: creator

text: of

text: the

text: political

text: Doonesbury

text: comic

text: strip

text: attended

text: Yale

text: University

text: There

text: he

text: met

text: fellow

text: student

text: and

text: later

text: Green

text: Party

text: candidate

text: for

text: Congress

text: Charles

text: Pillsbury

text: a

text: long

text: time

text: New

text: Haven

text: resident

text: for

text: whom

text: Trudeau

text: 's

text: comic

text: strip

text: is

text: named

text: During

text: his

text: college

text: years

text: Pillsbury

text: was

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: nickname

text: The

text: Doones

text: A

text: theory

text: of

text: international

text: law

text: which

text: argues

text: for

text: a

text: sociological

text: normative

text: approach

text: in

text: regards

text: to

text: jurisprudence

text: is

text: named

text: the

text: New

text: Haven

text: Approach

text: after

text: the

text: city

text: Connecticut

text: US

text: senator

text: Richard

text: Blumenthal

text: is

text: a

text: Yale

text: graduate

text: as

text: is

text: former

text: Connecticut

text: US

text: Senator

text: Joe

text: Lieberman

text: who

text: also

text: was

text: a

text: New

text: Haven

text: resident

text: for

text: many

text: years

text: before

text: moving

text: back

text: to

text: his

text: hometown

text: of

text: Stamford

question: Who is the famous comic strip author of Doonesbury that attended Yale University in New Haven?

answer: Garry Trudeau

text: Garry Trudeau

question: For which long-time New Haven resident and former Yale student is Doonesbury named?

answer: Charles Pillsbury

text: Charles Pillsbury

question: What was the Charles Pillsbury's nickname during college?

answer: "The Doones"

text: "The Doones"

question: What is the name of the international law theory, grounded in jurisprudence framed by a sociological normative approach?

answer: the New Haven Approach

text: the New Haven Approach

question: What sitting Connecticut U.S. senator graduated from Yale University in New Haven?

answer: Richard Blumenthal

text: Richard Blumenthal

question: Which past U.S. senator had lived in New Haven and graduated from Yale?

answer: Joe Lieberman

text: Joe Lieberman

question: The term, the New Haven Approach was what exactly?

answer: A theory of international law,

text: A theory of international law,

question: What is the name of the Green party member that also studied at Yale?

answer: Charles Pillsbury

text: Charles Pillsbury


text: Emotions have been described by some theorists as discrete and consistent responses to internal or external events which have a particular significance for the organism. Emotions are brief in duration and consist of a coordinated set of responses, which may include verbal, physiological, behavioural, and neural mechanisms. Psychotherapist Michael C. Graham describes all emotions as existing on a continuum of intensity. Thus fear might range from mild concern to terror or shame might range from simple embarrassment to toxic shame. Emotions have also been described as biologically given and a result of evolution because they provided good solutions to ancient and recurring problems that faced our ancestors. Moods are feelings that tend to be less intense than emotions and that often lack a contextual stimulus.

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: Emotions

text: have

text: been

text: described

text: by

text: some

text: theorists

text: as

text: discrete

text: and

text: consistent

text: responses

text: to

text: internal

text: or

text: external

text: events

text: which

text: have

text: a

text: particular

text: significance

text: for

text: the

text: organism

text: Emotions

text: are

text: brief

text: in

text: duration

text: and

text: consist

text: of

text: a

text: coordinated

text: set

text: of

text: responses

text: which

text: may

text: include

text: verbal

text: physiological

text: behavioural

text: and

text: neural

text: mechanisms

text: Psychotherapist

text: Michael

text: C.

text: Graham

text: describes

text: all

text: emotions

text: as

text: existing

text: on

text: a

text: continuum

text: of

text: intensity

text: Thus

text: fear

text: might

text: range

text: from

text: mild

text: concern

text: to

text: terror

text: or

text: shame

text: might

text: range

text: from

text: simple

text: embarrassment

text: to

text: toxic

text: shame

text: Emotions

text: have

text: also

text: been

text: described

text: as

text: biologically

text: given

text: and

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: evolution

text: because

text: they

text: provided

text: good

text: solutions

text: to

text: ancient

text: and

text: recurring

text: problems

text: that

text: faced

text: our

text: ancestors

text: Moods

text: are

text: feelings

text: that

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: less

text: intense

text: than

text: emotions

text: and

text: that

text: often

text: lack

text: a

text: contextual

text: stimulus

question: Who described the concept of a continuum of intensity?

answer: Michael C. Graham

text: Michael C. Graham

question: What is Michael Graham's profession?

answer: Psychotherapist

text: Psychotherapist

question: What is an example of an extreme form of fear?

answer: terror

text: terror

question: What would be an example of mild shame?

answer: embarrassment

text: embarrassment

question: What are non-intense feelings that lack a contextual stimulus called?

answer: Moods

text: Moods

question: Who described the concept of a non-continuum of intensity?

text: Michael C. Graham

question: What is Michael Graham's interest?

text: Psychotherapist

question: What is not an example of an extreme form of fear?

text: terror

question: What would be an example of middle shame?

text: embarrassment

question: What are intense feelings that lack a contextual stimulus called?

text: Moods


text: Beginning with Immanuel Kant, German idealists such as G. W. F. Hegel, Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, and Arthur Schopenhauer dominated 19th-century philosophy. This tradition, which emphasized the mental or "ideal" character of all phenomena, gave birth to idealistic and subjectivist schools ranging from British idealism to phenomenalism to existentialism. The historical influence of this branch of idealism remains central even to the schools that rejected its metaphysical assumptions, such as Marxism, pragmatism and positivism.

title: Idealism

title: Idealism

text: Beginning

text: with

text: Immanuel

text: Kant

text: German

text: idealists

text: such

text: as

text: G.

text: W.

text: F.

text: Hegel

text: Johann

text: Gottlieb

text: Fichte

text: Friedrich

text: Wilhelm

text: Joseph

text: Schelling

text: and

text: Arthur

text: Schopenhauer

text: dominated

text: century

text: philosophy

text: This

text: tradition

text: which

text: emphasized

text: the

text: mental

text: or

text: ideal

text: character

text: of

text: all

text: phenomena

text: gave

text: birth

text: to

text: idealistic

text: and

text: subjectivist

text: schools

text: ranging

text: from

text: British

text: idealism

text: to

text: phenomenalism

text: to

text: existentialism

text: The

text: historical

text: influence

text: of

text: this

text: branch

text: of

text: idealism

text: remains

text: central

text: even

text: to

text: the

text: schools

text: that

text: rejected

text: its

text: metaphysical

text: assumptions

text: such

text: as

text: Marxism

text: pragmatism

text: and

text: positivism

question: What was the ethnicity of Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling?

answer: German

text: German

question: In what century did Hegel write?

answer: 19th

question: Along with British idealism and existentialism, what philosophy was influenced by the German idealistic tradition?

answer: phenomenalism

text: phenomenalism

question: Along with positivism and pragmatism, what philosophy rejected idealism's metaphysical views but what nevertheless influenced by it?

answer: Marxism

text: Marxism

question: Whose philosophy did Immanuel Kant write against?

text: idealists

question: What schools of thought were contrary to British idealism?

text: phenomenalism to existentialism

question: What was the name of the first British idealist?

text: Immanuel Kant

question: Hegel wrote about what philosophy that rejected metaphysical assumptions?

text: Marxism

question: When did Marxism dominate philosophy?


text: The first Archivist, R.D.W. Connor, began serving in 1934, when the National Archives was established by Congress. As a result of a first Hoover Commission recommendation, in 1949 the National Archives was placed within the newly formed General Services Administration (GSA). The Archivist served as a subordinate official to the GSA Administrator until the National Archives and Records Administration became an independent agency on April 1, 1985.

title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

text: The

text: first

text: Archivist

text: R.D.W.

text: Connor

text: began

text: serving

text: in

text: when

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: was

text: established

text: by

text: Congress

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: a

text: first

text: Hoover

text: Commission

text: recommendation

text: in

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: was

text: placed

text: within

text: the

text: newly

text: formed

text: General

text: Services

text: Administration

text: GSA

text: The

text: Archivist

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: subordinate

text: official

text: to

text: the

text: GSA

text: Administrator

text: until

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: and

text: Records

text: Administration

text: became

text: an

text: independent

text: agency

text: on

text: April

question: Who was the first Archivist at the National Archives?

answer: R.D.W. Connor

text: R.D.W. Connor

question: When did the first Archivist start at the National Archives?

answer: 1934

question: What branch of the US government established the National Archives?

answer: Congress

text: Congress

question: What commission merged the National Archives with GSA?

answer: Hoover Commission

text: Hoover Commission

question: The Archivist took on what role after the incorporation of the Nation Archives into GSA?

answer: subordinate official

text: subordinate official

question: Who began serving on April 1, 1985?

text: R.D.W. Connor

question: What was Hoover's profession in 1934?

text: Archivist

question: Was Hoover one of many Archivists or was he the first?

text: The first

question: In what year did Hoover become President?

question: What was established by the GSA in 1949?

text: National Archives


text: With the emerging knowledge in scientific fields and the rise of new materials and technology, architecture and engineering began to separate, and the architect began to concentrate on aesthetics and the humanist aspects, often at the expense of technical aspects of building design. There was also the rise of the "gentleman architect" who usually dealt with wealthy clients and concentrated predominantly on visual qualities derived usually from historical prototypes, typified by the many country houses of Great Britain that were created in the Neo Gothic or Scottish Baronial styles. Formal architectural training in the 19th century, for example at École des Beaux-Arts in France, gave much emphasis to the production of beautiful drawings and little to context and feasibility. Effective architects generally received their training in the offices of other architects, graduating to the role from draughtsmen or clerks.

title: Architecture

title: Architecture

text: With

text: the

text: emerging

text: knowledge

text: in

text: scientific

text: fields

text: and

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: new

text: materials

text: and

text: technology

text: architecture

text: and

text: engineering

text: began

text: to

text: separate

text: and

text: the

text: architect

text: began

text: to

text: concentrate

text: on

text: aesthetics

text: and

text: the

text: humanist

text: aspects

text: often

text: at

text: the

text: expense

text: of

text: technical

text: aspects

text: of

text: building

text: design

text: There

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: gentleman

text: architect

text: who

text: usually

text: dealt

text: with

text: wealthy

text: clients

text: and

text: concentrated

text: predominantly

text: on

text: visual

text: qualities

text: derived

text: usually

text: from

text: historical

text: prototypes

text: typified

text: by

text: the

text: many

text: country

text: houses

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: that

text: were

text: created

text: in

text: the

text: Neo

text: Gothic

text: or

text: Scottish

text: Baronial

text: styles

text: Formal

text: architectural

text: training

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: for

text: example

text: at

text: École

text: des

text: Beaux

text: Arts

text: in

text: France

text: gave

text: much

text: emphasis

text: to

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: beautiful

text: drawings

text: and

text: little

text: to

text: context

text: and

text: feasibility

text: Effective

text: architects

text: generally

text: received

text: their

text: training

text: in

text: the

text: offices

text: of

text: other

text: architects

text: graduating

text: to

text: the

text: role

text: from

text: draughtsmen

text: or

text: clerks

question: What two fields began to grow apart?

answer: architecture and engineering

text: architecture and engineering

question: What did architects often neglect in their pursuit of aesthetics?

answer: technical aspects of building design

text: technical aspects of building design

question: What was a term for an architect who catered to the wealthy?

answer: "gentleman architect"

text: "gentleman architect"

question: What did 19th century formal architectural training neglect?

answer: context and feasibility

text: context and feasibility

question: Where did most architects learn their trade?

answer: in the offices of other architects

text: in the offices of other architects

question: What two fields got closer?

text: architecture and engineering

question: What three fields began to grow apart?

text: architecture and engineering

question: What did architects often favor in their pursuit of aesthetics?

text: technical aspects of building design

question: What was a term for an architect who catered to the poor?

text: gentleman architect

question: What did 18th century formal architectural training neglect?

text: context and feasibility


text: The Taira and the Minamoto clashed again in 1180, beginning the Gempei War, which ended in 1185. Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185. The victorious Minamoto no Yoritomo established the superiority of the samurai over the aristocracy. In 1190 he visited Kyoto and in 1192 became Sei'i-taishōgun, establishing the Kamakura Shogunate, or Kamakura Bakufu. Instead of ruling from Kyoto, he set up the Shogunate in Kamakura, near his base of power. "Bakufu" means "tent government", taken from the encampments the soldiers would live in, in accordance with the Bakufu's status as a military government.

title: Samurai

title: Samurai

text: The

text: Taira

text: and

text: the

text: Minamoto

text: clashed

text: again

text: in

text: beginning

text: the

text: Gempei

text: War

text: which

text: ended

text: in

text: Samurai

text: fought

text: at

text: the

text: naval

text: battle

text: of

text: Dan

text: no

text: ura

text: at

text: the

text: Shimonoseki

text: Strait

text: which

text: separates

text: Honshu

text: and

text: Kyushu

text: in

text: The

text: victorious

text: Minamoto

text: no

text: Yoritomo

text: established

text: the

text: superiority

text: of

text: the

text: samurai

text: over

text: the

text: aristocracy

text: In

text: he

text: visited

text: Kyoto

text: and

text: in

text: became

text: Sei'i

text: taishōgun

text: establishing

text: the

text: Kamakura

text: Shogunate

text: or

text: Kamakura

text: Bakufu

text: Instead

text: of

text: ruling

text: from

text: Kyoto

text: he

text: set

text: up

text: the

text: Shogunate

text: in

text: Kamakura

text: near

text: his

text: base

text: of

text: power

text: Bakufu

text: means

text: tent

text: government

text: taken

text: from

text: the

text: encampments

text: the

text: soldiers

text: would

text: live

text: in

text: in

text: accordance

text: with

text: the

text: Bakufu

text: 's

text: status

text: as

text: a

text: military

text: government

question: When did the Gempei War begin?

answer: 1180

question: When did the Gempei War end?

answer: 1185

question: Which clans fought in the Gempei War?

answer: The Taira and the Minamoto

text: The Taira and the Minamoto

question: What does the Shimonoseki Strait divide?

answer: Honshu and Kyushu

text: Honshu and Kyushu

question: When was the Kamakura Shogunate established?

answer: 1192


text: The entire Protestant canon of scripture is considered the inspired, inerrant word of God. Jehovah's Witnesses consider the Bible to be scientifically and historically accurate and reliable and interpret much of it literally, but accept parts of it as symbolic. They consider the Bible to be the final authority for all their beliefs, although sociologist Andrew Holden's ethnographic study of the religion concluded that pronouncements of the Governing Body, through Watch Tower Society publications, carry almost as much weight as the Bible. Regular personal Bible reading is frequently recommended; Witnesses are discouraged from formulating doctrines and "private ideas" reached through Bible research independent of Watch Tower Society publications, and are cautioned against reading other religious literature. Adherents are told to have "complete confidence" in the leadership, avoid skepticism about what is taught in the Watch Tower Society's literature, and "not advocate or insist on personal opinions or harbor private ideas when it comes to Bible understanding." The religion makes no provision for members to criticize or contribute to official teachings and all Witnesses must abide by its doctrines and organizational requirements.

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

text: The

text: entire

text: Protestant

text: canon

text: of

text: scripture

text: is

text: considered

text: the

text: inspired

text: inerrant

text: word

text: of

text: God

text: Jehovah

text: 's

text: Witnesses

text: consider

text: the

text: Bible

text: to

text: be

text: scientifically

text: and

text: historically

text: accurate

text: and

text: reliable

text: and

text: interpret

text: much

text: of

text: it

text: literally

text: but

text: accept

text: parts

text: of

text: it

text: as

text: symbolic

text: They

text: consider

text: the

text: Bible

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: final

text: authority

text: for

text: all

text: their

text: beliefs

text: although

text: sociologist

text: Andrew

text: Holden

text: 's

text: ethnographic

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: religion

text: concluded

text: that

text: pronouncements

text: of

text: the

text: Governing

text: Body

text: through

text: Watch

text: Tower

text: Society

text: publications

text: carry

text: almost

text: as

text: much

text: weight

text: as

text: the

text: Bible

text: Regular

text: personal

text: Bible

text: reading

text: is

text: frequently

text: recommended

text: Witnesses

text: are

text: discouraged

text: from

text: formulating

text: doctrines

text: and

text: private

text: ideas

text: reached

text: through

text: Bible

text: research

text: independent

text: of

text: Watch

text: Tower

text: Society

text: publications

text: and

text: are

text: cautioned

text: against

text: reading

text: other

text: religious

text: literature

text: Adherents

text: are

text: told

text: to

text: have

text: complete

text: confidence

text: in

text: the

text: leadership

text: avoid

text: skepticism

text: about

text: what

text: is

text: taught

text: in

text: the

text: Watch

text: Tower

text: Society

text: 's

text: literature

text: and

text: not

text: advocate

text: or

text: insist

text: on

text: personal

text: opinions

text: or

text: harbor

text: private

text: ideas

text: when

text: it

text: comes

text: to

text: Bible

text: understanding

text: The

text: religion

text: makes

text: no

text: provision

text: for

text: members

text: to

text: criticize

text: or

text: contribute

text: to

text: official

text: teachings

text: and

text: all

text: Witnesses

text: must

text: abide

text: by

text: its

text: doctrines

text: and

text: organizational

text: requirements

question: What is considered the inspired, inerrant word of God?

answer: The entire Protestant canon

text: The entire Protestant canon

question: What do Jehovah Witnesses consider the science and history within the Bible to be?

answer: accurate

text: accurate

question: Whose pronouncements within Jehovah Witnesses group are considered to carry almost as much weight as the Bible?

answer: the Governing Body

text: the Governing Body

question: What are members of Jehovah Witnesses cautioned against reading?

answer: other religious literature

text: other religious literature

question: What is there no provision for members of the Jehovah Witnesses to do in relation to the official teachings?

answer: criticize or contribute

text: criticize or contribute

question: Who is the outside foremost authority on Jehovah's Witnesses?

text: Andrew Holden

question: How often do many Jehovah's Witnesses read other religions literature?

text: frequently

question: What religion gives their adherents a lot of leeway in regards to abiding by its doctrines?

text: Jehovah's Witnesses

question: How often does Watch Tower Society put out publications nowadays?

text: frequently

question: In what publication was Andrew Holden's ethnographic study of Jehovah's Witnesses published?

text: Watch Tower Society