text: The migration of birds also aids the movement of other species, including those of ectoparasites such as ticks and lice, which in turn may carry micro-organisms including those of concern to human health. Due to the global spread of avian influenza, bird migration has been studied as a possible mechanism of disease transmission, but it has been found not to present a special risk; import of pet and domestic birds is a greater threat. Some viruses that are maintained in birds without lethal effects, such as the West Nile Virus may however be spread by migrating birds. Birds may also have a role in the dispersal of propagules of plants and plankton.

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: The

text: migration

text: of

text: birds

text: also

text: aids

text: the

text: movement

text: of

text: other

text: species

text: including

text: those

text: of

text: ectoparasites

text: such

text: as

text: ticks

text: and

text: lice

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: may

text: carry

text: micro

text: organisms

text: including

text: those

text: of

text: concern

text: to

text: human

text: health

text: Due

text: to

text: the

text: global

text: spread

text: of

text: avian

text: influenza

text: bird

text: migration

text: has

text: been

text: studied

text: as

text: a

text: possible

text: mechanism

text: of

text: disease

text: transmission

text: but

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: found

text: not

text: to

text: present

text: a

text: special

text: risk

text: import

text: of

text: pet

text: and

text: domestic

text: birds

text: is

text: a

text: greater

text: threat

text: Some

text: viruses

text: that

text: are

text: maintained

text: in

text: birds

text: without

text: lethal

text: effects

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: West

text: Nile

text: Virus

text: may

text: however

text: be

text: spread

text: by

text: migrating

text: birds

text: Birds

text: may

text: also

text: have

text: a

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: dispersal

text: of

text: propagules

text: of

text: plants

text: and

text: plankton

question: What other species does migration help?

answer: ectoparasites such as ticks and lice

text: ectoparasites such as ticks and lice

question: What is a greater threat of disease transmission?

answer: import of pet and domestic birds

text: import of pet and domestic birds

question: What has been studied as a mechanism of disease transmission?

answer: bird migration

text: bird migration

question: What has a role in the dispersal of propagules of plants and plankton?

answer: Birds

text: Birds

question: What virus is maintained in birds without lethal effects?

answer: West Nile Virus

text: West Nile Virus


text: In the First World War, Devonport was the headquarters of Western Approaches Command until 1941 and Sunderland flying boats were operated by the Royal Australian Air Force. It was an important embarkation point for US troops for D-Day. The city was heavily bombed by the Luftwaffe, in a series of 59 raids known as the Plymouth Blitz. Although the dockyards were the principal targets, much of the city centre and over 3,700 houses were completely destroyed and more than 1,000 civilians lost their lives. This was largely due to Plymouth's status as a major port Charles Church was hit by incendiary bombs and partially destroyed in 1941 during the Blitz, but has not been demolished, as it is now an official permanent monument to the bombing of Plymouth during World War II.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: In

text: the

text: First

text: World

text: War

text: Devonport

text: was

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: Western

text: Approaches

text: Command

text: until

text: and

text: Sunderland

text: flying

text: boats

text: were

text: operated

text: by

text: the

text: Royal

text: Australian

text: Air

text: Force

text: It

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: embarkation

text: point

text: for

text: US

text: troops

text: for

text: D

text: Day

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: heavily

text: bombed

text: by

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: in

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: raids

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Plymouth

text: Blitz

text: Although

text: the

text: dockyards

text: were

text: the

text: principal

text: targets

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: centre

text: and

text: over

text: houses

text: were

text: completely

text: destroyed

text: and

text: more

text: than

text: civilians

text: lost

text: their

text: lives

text: This

text: was

text: largely

text: due

text: to

text: Plymouth

text: 's

text: status

text: as

text: a

text: major

text: port

text: Charles

text: Church

text: was

text: hit

text: by

text: incendiary

text: bombs

text: and

text: partially

text: destroyed

text: in

text: during

text: the

text: Blitz

text: but

text: has

text: not

text: been

text: demolished

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: now

text: an

text: official

text: permanent

text: monument

text: to

text: the

text: bombing

text: of

text: Plymouth

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

question: What force used Sunderland flying boats out of Devonport?

answer: Royal Australian Air Force

text: Royal Australian Air Force

question: What military organization was based in Devonport until 1941?

answer: Western Approaches Command

text: Western Approaches Command

question: How many attacks comprised the Plymouth Blitz?

answer: 59

question: How many civilian deaths occurred as a result of the Plymouth Blitz?

answer: more than 1,000

text: more than 1,000

question: How many homes were totally destroyed in the Plymouth Blitz?

answer: over 3,700

text: over 3,700


text: Many Sanskrit dramas also indicate that the language coexisted with Prakrits, spoken by multilingual speakers with a more extensive education. Sanskrit speakers were almost always multilingual. In the medieval era, Sanskrit continued to be spoken and written, particularly by learned Brahmins for scholarly communication. This was a thin layer of Indian society, but covered a wide geography. Centres like Varanasi, Paithan, Pune and Kanchipuram had a strong presence of teaching and debating institutions, and high classical Sanskrit was maintained until British times.

title: Sanskrit

title: Sanskrit

text: Many

text: Sanskrit

text: dramas

text: also

text: indicate

text: that

text: the

text: language

text: coexisted

text: with

text: Prakrits

text: spoken

text: by

text: multilingual

text: speakers

text: with

text: a

text: more

text: extensive

text: education

text: Sanskrit

text: speakers

text: were

text: almost

text: always

text: multilingual

text: In

text: the

text: medieval

text: era

text: Sanskrit

text: continued

text: to

text: be

text: spoken

text: and

text: written

text: particularly

text: by

text: learned

text: Brahmins

text: for

text: scholarly

text: communication

text: This

text: was

text: a

text: thin

text: layer

text: of

text: Indian

text: society

text: but

text: covered

text: a

text: wide

text: geography

text: Centres

text: like

text: Varanasi

text: Paithan

text: Pune

text: and

text: Kanchipuram

text: had

text: a

text: strong

text: presence

text: of

text: teaching

text: and

text: debating

text: institutions

text: and

text: high

text: classical

text: Sanskrit

text: was

text: maintained

text: until

text: British

text: times

question: What form of speech shows that Sanskrit and Prakrits existed together?

answer: Sanskrit dramas

text: Sanskrit dramas

question: What type of speakers spoke Sanskrit?

answer: multilingual

text: multilingual

question: For what did Brahmins use Sanskrit?

answer: scholarly communication

text: scholarly communication

question: Until what period was high Sanskrit used?

answer: British times

text: British times

question: How large of a group in society use Sanskrit?

answer: thin layer

text: thin layer

question: What kind of dramas used exclusively the Sanskrit language?

text: Sanskrit dramas

question: What language was spoken by the less educated?

text: Prakrits

question: What trait in the enlightened era did most Sanskrit speakers pocess?

text: multilingual

question: Who used Sanskrit for common communication?

text: Brahmins

question: In what single location was Sanskrit centralized and maintained?

text: Varanasi


text: Together with caesium and gold (both yellow), and osmium (bluish), copper is one of only four elemental metals with a natural color other than gray or silver. Pure copper is orange-red and acquires a reddish tarnish when exposed to air. The characteristic color of copper results from the electronic transitions between the filled 3d and half-empty 4s atomic shells – the energy difference between these shells is such that it corresponds to orange light. The same mechanism accounts for the yellow color of gold and caesium.

title: Copper

title: Copper

text: Together

text: with

text: caesium

text: and

text: gold

text: both

text: yellow

text: and

text: osmium

text: bluish

text: copper

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: four

text: elemental

text: metals

text: with

text: a

text: natural

text: color

text: other

text: than

text: gray

text: or

text: silver

text: Pure

text: copper

text: is

text: orange

text: red

text: and

text: acquires

text: a

text: reddish

text: tarnish

text: when

text: exposed

text: to

text: air

text: The

text: characteristic

text: color

text: of

text: copper

text: results

text: from

text: the

text: electronic

text: transitions

text: between

text: the

text: filled

text: and

text: half

text: empty

text: atomic

text: shells

text: the

text: energy

text: difference

text: between

text: these

text: shells

text: is

text: such

text: that

text: it

text: corresponds

text: to

text: orange

text: light

text: The

text: same

text: mechanism

text: accounts

text: for

text: the

text: yellow

text: color

text: of

text: gold

text: and

text: caesium

question: How many metals have a natural color that isn't gray?

answer: four

text: four

question: What color is pure copper?

answer: orange-red

text: orange-red

question: What does copper aquire when exposed to air?

answer: reddish tarnish

text: reddish tarnish

question: The energy difference between filled 3d and half-empty 4s atomic shells corresponds to what color of light?

answer: orange light

text: orange light

question: What color is the metal caesium?

answer: yellow

text: yellow

question: How many grains of sand have a natural color that isn't gray?

text: four

question: What color is fake copper?

text: orange-red

question: What does copper glow when exposed to air?

text: reddish tarnish

question: What color is the planet caesium?

text: yellow


text: Notre Dame teams are known as the Fighting Irish. They compete as a member of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I, primarily competing in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) for all sports since the 2013–14 school year. The Fighting Irish previously competed in the Horizon League from 1982-83 to 1985-86, and again from 1987-88 to 1994-95, and then in the Big East Conference through 2012–13. Men's sports include baseball, basketball, crew, cross country, fencing, football, golf, ice hockey, lacrosse, soccer, swimming & diving, tennis and track & field; while women's sports include basketball, cross country, fencing, golf, lacrosse, rowing, soccer, softball, swimming & diving, tennis, track & field and volleyball. The football team competes as an Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) Independent since its inception in 1887. Both fencing teams compete in the Midwest Fencing Conference, and the men's ice hockey team competes in Hockey East.

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: teams

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Fighting

text: Irish

text: They

text: compete

text: as

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Collegiate

text: Athletic

text: Association

text: NCAA

text: Division

text: I

text: primarily

text: competing

text: in

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Coast

text: Conference

text: ACC

text: for

text: all

text: sports

text: since

text: the

text: school

text: year

text: The

text: Fighting

text: Irish

text: previously

text: competed

text: in

text: the

text: Horizon

text: League

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: again

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: then

text: in

text: the

text: Big

text: East

text: Conference

text: through

text: Men

text: 's

text: sports

text: include

text: baseball

text: basketball

text: crew

text: cross

text: country

text: fencing

text: football

text: golf

text: ice

text: hockey

text: lacrosse

text: soccer

text: swimming

text: diving

text: tennis

text: and

text: track

text: field

text: while

text: women

text: 's

text: sports

text: include

text: basketball

text: cross

text: country

text: fencing

text: golf

text: lacrosse

text: rowing

text: soccer

text: softball

text: swimming

text: diving

text: tennis

text: track

text: field

text: and

text: volleyball

text: The

text: football

text: team

text: competes

text: as

text: an

text: Football

text: Bowl

text: Subdivision

text: FBS

text: Independent

text: since

text: its

text: inception

text: in

text: Both

text: fencing

text: teams

text: compete

text: in

text: the

text: Midwest

text: Fencing

text: Conference

text: and

text: the

text: men

text: 's

text: ice

text: hockey

text: team

text: competes

text: in

text: Hockey

text: East

question: What does the acronym NCAA stand for?

answer: National Collegiate Athletic Association

text: National Collegiate Athletic Association

question: Which league did Notre Dame Fighting Irish teams participate in in 1982?

answer: Horizon League

text: Horizon League

question: What when conference do the Notre Dame fencing teams take part in?

answer: Midwest Fencing Conference

text: Midwest Fencing Conference

question: There is a conference that the male hockey team of Notre Dame competes in, what is it?

answer: Hockey East

text: Hockey East

question: In what conference did the Fighting Irish take part in in 2012?

answer: Big East Conference

text: Big East Conference


text: British night air defences were in a poor state. Few anti-aircraft guns had fire-control systems, and the underpowered searchlights were usually ineffective against aircraft at altitudes above 12,000 ft (3,700 m). In July 1940, only 1,200 heavy and 549 light guns were deployed in the whole of Britain. Of the "heavies", some 200 were of the obsolescent 3 in (76 mm) type; the remainder were the effective 4.5 in (110 mm) and 3.7 in (94 mm) guns, with a theoretical "ceiling"' of over 30,000 ft (9,100 m) but a practical limit of 25,000 ft (7,600 m) because the predictor in use could not accept greater heights. The light guns, about half of which were of the excellent Bofors 40 mm, dealt with aircraft only up to 6,000 ft (1,800 m). Although the use of the guns improved civilian morale, with the knowledge the German bomber crews were facing the barrage, it is now believed that the anti-aircraft guns achieved little and in fact the falling shell fragments caused more British casualties on the ground.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: British

text: night

text: air

text: defences

text: were

text: in

text: a

text: poor

text: state

text: Few

text: anti

text: aircraft

text: guns

text: had

text: fire

text: control

text: systems

text: and

text: the

text: underpowered

text: searchlights

text: were

text: usually

text: ineffective

text: against

text: aircraft

text: at

text: altitudes

text: above

text: ft

text: m

text: In

text: July

text: only

text: heavy

text: and

text: light

text: guns

text: were

text: deployed

text: in

text: the

text: whole

text: of

text: Britain

text: Of

text: the

text: heavies

text: some

text: were

text: of

text: the

text: obsolescent

text: in

text: mm

text: type

text: the

text: remainder

text: were

text: the

text: effective

text: in

text: mm

text: and

text: in

text: mm

text: guns

text: with

text: a

text: theoretical

text: ceiling

text: of

text: over

text: ft

text: m

text: but

text: a

text: practical

text: limit

text: of

text: ft

text: m

text: because

text: the

text: predictor

text: in

text: use

text: could

text: not

text: accept

text: greater

text: heights

text: The

text: light

text: guns

text: about

text: half

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: of

text: the

text: excellent

text: Bofors

text: mm

text: dealt

text: with

text: aircraft

text: only

text: up

text: to

text: ft

text: m

text: Although

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: guns

text: improved

text: civilian

text: morale

text: with

text: the

text: knowledge

text: the

text: German

text: bomber

text: crews

text: were

text: facing

text: the

text: barrage

text: it

text: is

text: now

text: believed

text: that

text: the

text: anti

text: aircraft

text: guns

text: achieved

text: little

text: and

text: in

text: fact

text: the

text: falling

text: shell

text: fragments

text: caused

text: more

text: British

text: casualties

text: on

text: the

text: ground

question: British night air defenses were effective to what height?

answer: 12,000 ft (3,700 m)

text: 12,000 ft (3,700 m)

question: By July of 1940 how many guns were deployed in Britain?

answer: only 1,200 heavy and 549 light guns

text: only 1,200 heavy and 549 light guns

question: What was the practical ceiling of the effective heavy guns?

answer: 25,000 ft (7,600 m)

text: 25,000 ft (7,600 m)

question: What type of light gun dealt with aircraft up to 6000 ft.?

answer: Bofors 40 mm

text: Bofors 40 mm

question: What is believed to have caused many civilian casualties from anti-aircraft guns?

answer: falling shell fragments

text: falling shell fragments


text: The polyphony of Christian a cappella music began to develop in Europe around the late 15th century, with compositions by Josquin des Prez. The early a cappella polyphonies may have had an accompanying instrument, although this instrument would merely double the singers' parts and was not independent. By the 16th century, a cappella polyphony had further developed, but gradually, the cantata began to take the place of a cappella forms. 16th century a cappella polyphony, nonetheless, continued to influence church composers throughout this period and to the present day. Recent evidence has shown that some of the early pieces by Palestrina, such as what was written for the Sistine Chapel was intended to be accompanied by an organ "doubling" some or all of the voices. Such is seen in the life of Palestrina becoming a major influence on Bach, most notably in the aforementioned Mass in B Minor. Other composers that utilized the a cappella style, if only for the occasional piece, were Claudio Monteverdi and his masterpiece, Lagrime d'amante al sepolcro dell'amata (A lover's tears at his beloved's grave), which was composed in 1610, and Andrea Gabrieli when upon his death it was discovered many choral pieces, one of which was in the unaccompanied style. Learning from the preceding two composeres, Heinrich Schütz utilized the a cappella style in numerous pieces, chief among these were the pieces in the oratorio style, which were traditionally performed during the Easter week and dealt with the religious subject matter of that week, such as Christ's suffering and the Passion. Five of Schutz's Historien were Easter pieces, and of these the latter three, which dealt with the passion from three different viewpoints, those of Matthew, Luke and John, were all done a cappella style. This was a near requirement for this type of piece, and the parts of the crowd were sung while the solo parts which were the quoted parts from either Christ or the authors were performed in a plainchant.

title: A_cappella

title: A_cappella

text: The

text: polyphony

text: of

text: Christian

text: a

text: cappella

text: music

text: began

text: to

text: develop

text: in

text: Europe

text: around

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: with

text: compositions

text: by

text: Josquin

text: des

text: Prez

text: The

text: early

text: a

text: cappella

text: polyphonies

text: may

text: have

text: had

text: an

text: accompanying

text: instrument

text: although

text: this

text: instrument

text: would

text: merely

text: double

text: the

text: singers

text: parts

text: and

text: was

text: not

text: independent

text: By

text: the

text: century

text: a

text: cappella

text: polyphony

text: had

text: further

text: developed

text: but

text: gradually

text: the

text: cantata

text: began

text: to

text: take

text: the

text: place

text: of

text: a

text: cappella

text: forms

text: century

text: a

text: cappella

text: polyphony

text: nonetheless

text: continued

text: to

text: influence

text: church

text: composers

text: throughout

text: this

text: period

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: Recent

text: evidence

text: has

text: shown

text: that

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: pieces

text: by

text: Palestrina

text: such

text: as

text: what

text: was

text: written

text: for

text: the

text: Sistine

text: Chapel

text: was

text: intended

text: to

text: be

text: accompanied

text: by

text: an

text: organ

text: doubling

text: some

text: or

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: voices

text: Such

text: is

text: seen

text: in

text: the

text: life

text: of

text: Palestrina

text: becoming

text: a

text: major

text: influence

text: on

text: Bach

text: most

text: notably

text: in

text: the

text: aforementioned

text: Mass

text: in

text: B

text: Minor

text: Other

text: composers

text: that

text: utilized

text: the

text: a

text: cappella

text: style

text: if

text: only

text: for

text: the

text: occasional

text: piece

text: were

text: Claudio

text: Monteverdi

text: and

text: his

text: masterpiece

text: Lagrime

text: d'amante

text: al

text: sepolcro

text: dell'amata

text: A

text: lover

text: 's

text: tears

text: at

text: his

text: beloved

text: 's

text: grave

text: which

text: was

text: composed

text: in

text: and

text: Andrea

text: Gabrieli

text: when

text: upon

text: his

text: death

text: it

text: was

text: discovered

text: many

text: choral

text: pieces

text: one

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: unaccompanied

text: style

text: Learning

text: from

text: the

text: preceding

text: two

text: composeres

text: Heinrich

text: Schütz

text: utilized

text: the

text: a

text: cappella

text: style

text: in

text: numerous

text: pieces

text: chief

text: among

text: these

text: were

text: the

text: pieces

text: in

text: the

text: oratorio

text: style

text: which

text: were

text: traditionally

text: performed

text: during

text: the

text: Easter

text: week

text: and

text: dealt

text: with

text: the

text: religious

text: subject

text: matter

text: of

text: that

text: week

text: such

text: as

text: Christ

text: 's

text: suffering

text: and

text: the

text: Passion

text: Five

text: of

text: Schutz

text: 's

text: Historien

text: were

text: Easter

text: pieces

text: and

text: of

text: these

text: the

text: latter

text: three

text: which

text: dealt

text: with

text: the

text: passion

text: from

text: three

text: different

text: viewpoints

text: those

text: of

text: Matthew

text: Luke

text: and

text: John

text: were

text: all

text: done

text: a

text: cappella

text: style

text: This

text: was

text: a

text: near

text: requirement

text: for

text: this

text: type

text: of

text: piece

text: and

text: the

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: crowd

text: were

text: sung

text: while

text: the

text: solo

text: parts

text: which

text: were

text: the

text: quoted

text: parts

text: from

text: either

text: Christ

text: or

text: the

text: authors

text: were

text: performed

text: in

text: a

text: plainchant

question: Who was a known composer of A cappella music in the 15th century?

answer: Josquin des Prez

text: Josquin des Prez

question: Bach was influenced by a popular A cappella composer heavily for what composition?

answer: Mass in B Minor

text: Mass in B Minor

question: How many of Schutz's Easter pieces were in the A cappella style?

answer: three

text: three

question: Lagrime d'amante al sepolcro dell'amata's well known A cappella composition was written in what year?

answer: 1610

question: Some compositions were found after which composer's death?

answer: Andrea Gabrieli

text: Andrea Gabrieli

question: What began to develop in Europe during the 1500"s

question: Who's compositions marked the begining of secular a cappella music

text: Josquin des Prez

question: What did the a cappella form take the place of during the 16th century?

text: cantata

question: What piece was heavily influenced by Bach's Mass in B MInor?

text: Palestrina

question: What accompanied the voices in Palestrina?

text: an organ

question: What happened to Christian music in Europe the 16th Century?

question: How was the early piece by Josquin des Prez intended to be played?

question: What composer was Josquin des Prez a major influence on?

text: Bach

question: When was Bach's Mass in B Minor composed?

question: How were the pieces written by Josquin des Prez performed during Easter week?

text: in the oratorio style


text: Greece's post-compulsory secondary education consists of two school types: unified upper secondary schools (Γενικό Λύκειο, Genikό Lykeiό) and technical–vocational educational schools (Τεχνικά και Επαγγελματικά Εκπαιδευτήρια, "TEE"). Post-compulsory secondary education also includes vocational training institutes (Ινστιτούτα Επαγγελματικής Κατάρτισης, "IEK") which provide a formal but unclassified level of education. As they can accept both Gymnasio (lower secondary school) and Lykeio (upper secondary school) graduates, these institutes are not classified as offering a particular level of education.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: Greece

text: 's

text: post

text: compulsory

text: secondary

text: education

text: consists

text: of

text: two

text: school

text: types

text: unified

text: upper

text: secondary

text: schools

text: Γενικό

text: Λύκειο

text: Genikό

text: Lykeiό

text: and

text: technical

text: vocational

text: educational

text: schools

text: Τεχνικά

text: και

text: Επαγγελματικά

text: Εκπαιδευτήρια

text: TEE

text: Post

text: compulsory

text: secondary

text: education

text: also

text: includes

text: vocational

text: training

text: institutes

text: Ινστιτούτα

text: Επαγγελματικής

text: Κατάρτισης

text: IEK

text: which

text: provide

text: a

text: formal

text: but

text: unclassified

text: level

text: of

text: education

text: As

text: they

text: can

text: accept

text: both

text: Gymnasio

text: lower

text: secondary

text: school

text: and

text: Lykeio

text: upper

text: secondary

text: school

text: graduates

text: these

text: institutes

text: are

text: not

text: classified

text: as

text: offering

text: a

text: particular

text: level

text: of

text: education

question: Greece's secondary education has how many school types?

answer: two

text: two

question: What is one type of Greece's secondary education?

answer: unified upper secondary schools

text: unified upper secondary schools

question: What type of institute does secondary education also include?

answer: vocational training

text: vocational training

question: What type of education do vocational institutes provide?

answer: formal but unclassified

text: formal but unclassified


text: With the new Motorola 68030 processor came the Macintosh IIx in 1988, which had benefited from internal improvements, including an on-board MMU. It was followed in 1989 by the Macintosh IIcx, a more compact version with fewer slots  and a version of the Mac SE powered by the 16 MHz 68030, the Macintosh SE/30. Later that year, the Macintosh IIci, running at 25 MHz, was the first Mac to be "32-bit clean." This allowed it to natively support more than 8 MB of RAM, unlike its predecessors, which had "32-bit dirty" ROMs (8 of the 32 bits available for addressing were used for OS-level flags). System 7 was the first Macintosh operating system to support 32-bit addressing. The following year, the Macintosh IIfx, starting at US$9,900, was unveiled. Apart from its fast 40 MHz 68030 processor, it had significant internal architectural improvements, including faster memory and two Apple II CPUs (6502s) dedicated to I/O processing.

title: Macintosh

title: Macintosh

text: With

text: the

text: new

text: Motorola

text: processor

text: came

text: the

text: Macintosh

text: IIx

text: in

text: which

text: had

text: benefited

text: from

text: internal

text: improvements

text: including

text: an

text: on

text: board

text: MMU

text: It

text: was

text: followed

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: Macintosh

text: IIcx

text: a

text: more

text: compact

text: version

text: with

text: fewer

text: slots

text: and

text: a

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: Mac

text: SE

text: powered

text: by

text: the

text: MHz

text: the

text: Macintosh

text: Later

text: that

text: year

text: the

text: Macintosh

text: IIci

text: running

text: at

text: MHz

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: Mac

text: to

text: be

text: clean

text: This

text: allowed

text: it

text: to

text: natively

text: support

text: more

text: than

text: MB

text: of

text: RAM

text: unlike

text: its

text: predecessors

text: which

text: had

text: dirty

text: ROMs

text: of

text: the

text: bits

text: available

text: for

text: addressing

text: were

text: used

text: for

text: OS

text: level

text: flags

text: System

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: Macintosh

text: operating

text: system

text: to

text: support

text: addressing

text: The

text: following

text: year

text: the

text: Macintosh

text: IIfx

text: starting

text: at

text: US$

text: was

text: unveiled

text: Apart

text: from

text: its

text: fast

text: MHz

text: processor

text: it

text: had

text: significant

text: internal

text: architectural

text: improvements

text: including

text: faster

text: memory

text: and

text: two

text: Apple

text: II

text: CPUs

text: dedicated

text: to

text: I

text: O

text: processing

question: What Macintosh first included an on-board MMU?

answer: the Macintosh IIx

text: the Macintosh IIx

question: What was the first Mac to be "32-bit clean"?

answer: the Macintosh IIci

text: the Macintosh IIci

question: What was the starting price of the Macintosh llfx when it was unveiled?

answer: US$9,900

question: How many Apple II CPUS's did the new Macintosh llfx include?

answer: two

text: two

question: How fast was the processor on the new Macintosh llfx?

answer: 40 MHz

text: 40 MHz

question: What Macintosh first included an on-board MUM?

text: the Macintosh IIx

question: What was the first Mac to be "23-bit clean"?

text: Macintosh IIcx

question: How many Apple I CPUS's did the new Macintosh llfx include?

text: two

question: What was the starting price of the Macintosh llf when it was unveiled?

question: How fast was the processor on the new Macintosh llx?

text: 40 MHz


text: The fire service, known as the Barun Yantra Karyalaya, opened its first station in Kathmandu in 1937 with a single vehicle. An iron tower was erected to monitor the city and watch for fire. As a precautionary measure, firemen were sent to the areas which were designated as accident-prone areas. In 1944, the fire service was extended to the neighboring cities of Lalitpur and Bhaktapur. In 1966, a fire service was established in Kathmandu airport. In 1975, a West German government donation added seven fire engines to Kathmandu's fire service. The fire service in the city is also overlooked by an international non-governmental organization, the Firefighters Volunteer Association of Nepal (FAN), which was established in 2000 with the purpose of raising public awareness about fire and improving safety.

title: Kathmandu

title: Kathmandu

text: The

text: fire

text: service

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Barun

text: Yantra

text: Karyalaya

text: opened

text: its

text: first

text: station

text: in

text: Kathmandu

text: in

text: with

text: a

text: single

text: vehicle

text: An

text: iron

text: tower

text: was

text: erected

text: to

text: monitor

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: watch

text: for

text: fire

text: As

text: a

text: precautionary

text: measure

text: firemen

text: were

text: sent

text: to

text: the

text: areas

text: which

text: were

text: designated

text: as

text: accident

text: prone

text: areas

text: In

text: the

text: fire

text: service

text: was

text: extended

text: to

text: the

text: neighboring

text: cities

text: of

text: Lalitpur

text: and

text: Bhaktapur

text: In

text: a

text: fire

text: service

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: Kathmandu

text: airport

text: In

text: a

text: West

text: German

text: government

text: donation

text: added

text: seven

text: fire

text: engines

text: to

text: Kathmandu

text: 's

text: fire

text: service

text: The

text: fire

text: service

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: also

text: overlooked

text: by

text: an

text: international

text: non

text: governmental

text: organization

text: the

text: Firefighters

text: Volunteer

text: Association

text: of

text: Nepal

text: FAN

text: which

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: raising

text: public

text: awareness

text: about

text: fire

text: and

text: improving

text: safety

question: What is Kathmandu's fire department called?

answer: Barun Yantra Karyalaya

text: Barun Yantra Karyalaya

question: What year saw the founding of Kathmandu's fire department?

answer: 1937

question: When did Bhaktapur receive coverage from the fire department?

answer: 1944

question: How many fire trucks did West Germany donate to Kathmandu?

answer: seven

text: seven

question: What is the mission of FAN?

answer: raising public awareness about fire and improving safety

text: raising public awareness about fire and improving safety


text: In 1958 as part of an experiment, Operation Argus, the United States Navy detonated an atomic bomb 160 kilometres (100 mi) high in the upper atmosphere about 175 kilometres (109 mi) southeast of the main island.

title: Tristan_da_Cunha

title: Tristan_da_Cunha

text: In

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: an

text: experiment

text: Operation

text: Argus

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Navy

text: detonated

text: an

text: atomic

text: bomb

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: high

text: in

text: the

text: upper

text: atmosphere

text: about

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: southeast

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: island

question: What year was an atomic bomb detonated near the island?

answer: 1958

question: What country test detonated an atomic bomb near the island?

answer: United States

text: United States

question: During which mission did the US Army detonate an atomic bomb?

text: Operation Argus

question: What was detonated during Operation Navy in 1958?

text: atomic bomb

question: Where was the nuclear bomb detonated?

question: When did the upper atmosphere detonate an atomic bomb?


text: As well as being head of government, a prime minister may have other roles or titles—the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, for example, is also First Lord of the Treasury and Minister for the Civil Service. Prime ministers may take other ministerial posts—for example, during the Second World War, Winston Churchill was also Minister of Defence (although there was then no Ministry of Defence), and in the current cabinet of Israel, Benjamin Netanyahu also serves as Minister of Communications, Foreign Affairs, Regional Cooperation, Economy and Interior

title: Prime_minister

title: Prime_minister

text: As

text: well

text: as

text: being

text: head

text: of

text: government

text: a

text: prime

text: minister

text: may

text: have

text: other

text: roles

text: or

text: titles

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: for

text: example

text: is

text: also

text: First

text: Lord

text: of

text: the

text: Treasury

text: and

text: Minister

text: for

text: the

text: Civil

text: Service

text: Prime

text: ministers

text: may

text: take

text: other

text: ministerial

text: posts

text: for

text: example

text: during

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: Winston

text: Churchill

text: was

text: also

text: Minister

text: of

text: Defence

text: although

text: there

text: was

text: then

text: no

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Defence

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: current

text: cabinet

text: of

text: Israel

text: Benjamin

text: Netanyahu

text: also

text: serves

text: as

text: Minister

text: of

text: Communications

text: Foreign

text: Affairs

text: Regional

text: Cooperation

text: Economy

text: and

text: Interior

question: What are two other job titles of the Prime Minister of the  UK?

answer: First Lord of the Treasury and Minister for the Civil Service

text: First Lord of the Treasury and Minister for the Civil Service

question: In addition to being Prime Minister, what other role did Winston Churchill serve during World War II?

answer: Minister of Defence

text: Minister of Defence

question: What are former titles once held by the Prime Minister of the UK?

question: What role did Winton Churchhill serve in during World War II rather than Prime Minister?

text: Minister of Defence

question: What roles did Benjamin Netanyahu serve in prior to serving on the cabinet of Israel?


text: Charleston is the oldest and second-largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city lies just south of the geographical midpoint of South Carolina's coastline and is located on Charleston Harbor, an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean formed by the confluence of the Ashley and Cooper Rivers, or, as is locally expressed, "where the Cooper and Ashley Rivers come together to form the Atlantic Ocean."

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

text: Charleston

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: and

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: state

text: of

text: South

text: Carolina

text: the

text: county

text: seat

text: of

text: Charleston

text: County

text: and

text: the

text: principal

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: Charleston

text: North

text: Charleston

text: Summerville

text: Metropolitan

text: Statistical

text: Area

text: The

text: city

text: lies

text: just

text: south

text: of

text: the

text: geographical

text: midpoint

text: of

text: South

text: Carolina

text: 's

text: coastline

text: and

text: is

text: located

text: on

text: Charleston

text: Harbor

text: an

text: inlet

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: formed

text: by

text: the

text: confluence

text: of

text: the

text: Ashley

text: and

text: Cooper

text: Rivers

text: or

text: as

text: is

text: locally

text: expressed

text: where

text: the

text: Cooper

text: and

text: Ashley

text: Rivers

text: come

text: together

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

question: What is the oldest city in South Carolina?

answer: Charleston

text: Charleston

question: What county is Charleston, South Carolina located in?

answer: Charleston County

text: Charleston County

question: Charleston is located on what harbor?

answer: Charleston Harbor

text: Charleston Harbor

question: Charleston Harbor is an inlet of what ocean?

answer: Atlantic Ocean

text: Atlantic Ocean

question: What river mergers with the Cooper River to form Charleston Harbor?

answer: Ashley Rivers

text: Ashley Rivers

question: What county is Charleston located in?

answer: Charleston County

text: Charleston County

question: Charleston Harbor is formed on what ocean?

answer: Atlantic Ocean

text: Atlantic Ocean

question: What river merges with the Ashley River to from the Charleston Harbor?

answer: Cooper Rivers

text: Cooper Rivers

question: What is the newest city in South Carolina?

text: Charleston

question: What county is Charleston, North Carolina located in?

text: Charleston County

question: Charleston isn't located on what harbor?

text: Charleston Harbor

question: Charleston Harbor is an outlet of what ocean?

text: Atlantic Ocean

question: What river mergers with the Cooper River to form Charleston Bay?

text: Ashley Rivers


text: Nishimura's force consisted of two battleships, one cruiser and four destroyers. Because they were observing radio silence, Nishimura was unable to synchronize with Shima and Kurita. Nishimura and Shima had failed to even coordinate their plans before the attacks – they were long-time rivals and neither wished to have anything to do with the other. When he entered the narrow Surigao Strait at about 02:00, Shima was 22 miles (40 km) behind him, and Kurita was still in the Sibuyan Sea, several hours from the beaches at Leyte. As they passed Panaon Island, Nishimura's force ran into a trap set for them by the U.S.-Australian 7th Fleet Support Force. R. Adm. Jesse Oldendorf had six battleships, four heavy cruisers, four light cruisers, 29 destroyers and 39 PT boats. To pass the strait and reach the landings, Nishimura had to run the gauntlet. At about 03:00 the Japanese battleship Fusō and three destroyers were hit by torpedoes and Fusō broke in two. At 03:50 the U.S. battleships opened fire. Radar fire control meant they could hit targets from a much greater distance than the Japanese. The battleship Yamashiro, a cruiser and a destroyer were crippled by 16-inch (406 mm) shells; Yamashiro sank at 04:19. Only one of Nishimura's force of seven ships survived the engagement. At 04:25 Shima's force of two cruisers and eight destroyers reached the battle. Seeing Fusō and believing her to be the wrecks of two battleships, Shima ordered a retreat, ending the last battleship-vs-battleship action in history.

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: Nishimura

text: 's

text: force

text: consisted

text: of

text: two

text: battleships

text: one

text: cruiser

text: and

text: four

text: destroyers

text: Because

text: they

text: were

text: observing

text: radio

text: silence

text: Nishimura

text: was

text: unable

text: to

text: synchronize

text: with

text: Shima

text: and

text: Kurita

text: Nishimura

text: and

text: Shima

text: had

text: failed

text: to

text: even

text: coordinate

text: their

text: plans

text: before

text: the

text: attacks

text: they

text: were

text: long

text: time

text: rivals

text: and

text: neither

text: wished

text: to

text: have

text: anything

text: to

text: do

text: with

text: the

text: other

text: When

text: he

text: entered

text: the

text: narrow

text: Surigao

text: Strait

text: at

text: about

text: Shima

text: was

text: miles

text: km

text: behind

text: him

text: and

text: Kurita

text: was

text: still

text: in

text: the

text: Sibuyan

text: Sea

text: several

text: hours

text: from

text: the

text: beaches

text: at

text: Leyte

text: As

text: they

text: passed

text: Panaon

text: Island

text: Nishimura

text: 's

text: force

text: ran

text: into

text: a

text: trap

text: set

text: for

text: them

text: by

text: the

text: U.S

text: Australian

text: Fleet

text: Support

text: Force

text: R.

text: Adm.

text: Jesse

text: Oldendorf

text: had

text: six

text: battleships

text: four

text: heavy

text: cruisers

text: four

text: light

text: cruisers

text: destroyers

text: and

text: PT

text: boats

text: To

text: pass

text: the

text: strait

text: and

text: reach

text: the

text: landings

text: Nishimura

text: had

text: to

text: run

text: the

text: gauntlet

text: At

text: about

text: the

text: Japanese

text: battleship

text: Fusō

text: and

text: three

text: destroyers

text: were

text: hit

text: by

text: torpedoes

text: and

text: Fusō

text: broke

text: in

text: two

text: At

text: the

text: U.S.

text: battleships

text: opened

text: fire

text: Radar

text: fire

text: control

text: meant

text: they

text: could

text: hit

text: targets

text: from

text: a

text: much

text: greater

text: distance

text: than

text: the

text: Japanese

text: The

text: battleship

text: Yamashiro

text: a

text: cruiser

text: and

text: a

text: destroyer

text: were

text: crippled

text: by

text: mm

text: shells

text: Yamashiro

text: sank

text: at

text: Only

text: one

text: of

text: Nishimura

text: 's

text: force

text: of

text: seven

text: ships

text: survived

text: the

text: engagement

text: At

text: Shima

text: 's

text: force

text: of

text: two

text: cruisers

text: and

text: eight

text: destroyers

text: reached

text: the

text: battle

text: Seeing

text: Fusō

text: and

text: believing

text: her

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: wrecks

text: of

text: two

text: battleships

text: Shima

text: ordered

text: a

text: retreat

text: ending

text: the

text: last

text: battleship

text: vs

text: battleship

text: action

text: in

text: history

question: How many battleships were in Nishimura's force?

answer: two

text: two

question: Which Japanese admiral was a  rival of Nishimura?

answer: Shima

text: Shima

question: How many miles was Shima's fleet behind Nishimura?

answer: 22

question: Who set the trap for the Japanese forces as they sailed by Panaon Island?

answer: R. Adm. Jesse Oldendorf

text: R. Adm. Jesse Oldendorf

question: How many battleships did the U.S.-Australian 7th Fleet have?

answer: six

text: six


text: The strategy behind the formation of the Warsaw Pact was driven by the desire of the Soviet Union to dominate Central and Eastern Europe. This policy was driven by ideological and geostrategic reasons. Ideologically, the Soviet Union arrogated the right to define socialism and communism and act as the leader of the global socialist movement. A corollary to this idea was the necessity of intervention if a country appeared to be violating core socialist ideas and Communist Party functions, which was explicitly stated in the Brezhnev Doctrine. Geostrategic principles also drove the Soviet Union to prevent invasion of its territory by Western European powers.

title: Warsaw_Pact

title: Warsaw_Pact

text: The

text: strategy

text: behind

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: the

text: Warsaw

text: Pact

text: was

text: driven

text: by

text: the

text: desire

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: to

text: dominate

text: Central

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: This

text: policy

text: was

text: driven

text: by

text: ideological

text: and

text: geostrategic

text: reasons

text: Ideologically

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: arrogated

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: define

text: socialism

text: and

text: communism

text: and

text: act

text: as

text: the

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: socialist

text: movement

text: A

text: corollary

text: to

text: this

text: idea

text: was

text: the

text: necessity

text: of

text: intervention

text: if

text: a

text: country

text: appeared

text: to

text: be

text: violating

text: core

text: socialist

text: ideas

text: and

text: Communist

text: Party

text: functions

text: which

text: was

text: explicitly

text: stated

text: in

text: the

text: Brezhnev

text: Doctrine

text: Geostrategic

text: principles

text: also

text: drove

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: to

text: prevent

text: invasion

text: of

text: its

text: territory

text: by

text: Western

text: European

text: powers

question: Which ideologies did the Soviet Union aspire to lead around the globe?

answer: socialism and communism

text: socialism and communism

question: Which Soviet leader formed doctrine aimed at keeping socialist satellite nations in line?

answer: Brezhnev

text: Brezhnev

question: The Soviet Union feared invasion from which potential enemy?

answer: Western Europe

text: Western Europe

question: Who wanted to dominate Western and Eastern Europe?

text: Soviet Union

question: Which country wanted to define socialism and liberalism?

text: Soviet Union

question: Who feared invasion from Eastern Europe?

text: Soviet Union

question: Which doctrine aimed against keeping socialist satellite nations in line?

text: Brezhnev


text: The 1903 advent of heavier-than-air fixed-wing aircraft was closely followed in 1910 by the first experimental take-off of an airplane, made from the deck of a United States Navy vessel (cruiser USS Birmingham), and the first experimental landings were conducted in 1911. On 9 May 1912 the first airplane take-off from a ship underway was made from the deck of the British Royal Navy's HMS Hibernia. Seaplane tender support ships came next, with the French Foudre of 1911. In September 1914 the Imperial Japanese Navy Wakamiya conducted the world's first successful ship-launched air raid: on 6 September 1914 a Farman aircraft launched by Wakamiya attacked the Austro-Hungarian cruiser SMS Kaiserin Elisabeth and the German gunboat Jaguar in Kiaochow Bay off Tsingtao; neither was hit. The first carrier-launched airstrike was the Tondern Raid in July 1918. Seven Sopwith Camels launched from the converted battlecruiser HMS Furious damaged the German airbase at Tønder and destroyed two zeppelins.

title: Aircraft_carrier

title: Aircraft_carrier

text: The

text: advent

text: of

text: heavier

text: than

text: air

text: fixed

text: wing

text: aircraft

text: was

text: closely

text: followed

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: first

text: experimental

text: take

text: off

text: of

text: an

text: airplane

text: made

text: from

text: the

text: deck

text: of

text: a

text: United

text: States

text: Navy

text: vessel

text: cruiser

text: USS

text: Birmingham

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: experimental

text: landings

text: were

text: conducted

text: in

text: On

text: May

text: the

text: first

text: airplane

text: take

text: off

text: from

text: a

text: ship

text: underway

text: was

text: made

text: from

text: the

text: deck

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: 's

text: HMS

text: Hibernia

text: Seaplane

text: tender

text: support

text: ships

text: came

text: next

text: with

text: the

text: French

text: Foudre

text: of

text: In

text: September

text: the

text: Imperial

text: Japanese

text: Navy

text: Wakamiya

text: conducted

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: successful

text: ship

text: launched

text: air

text: raid

text: on

text: September

text: a

text: Farman

text: aircraft

text: launched

text: by

text: Wakamiya

text: attacked

text: the

text: Austro

text: Hungarian

text: cruiser

text: SMS

text: Kaiserin

text: Elisabeth

text: and

text: the

text: German

text: gunboat

text: Jaguar

text: in

text: Kiaochow

text: Bay

text: off

text: Tsingtao

text: neither

text: was

text: hit

text: The

text: first

text: carrier

text: launched

text: airstrike

text: was

text: the

text: Tondern

text: Raid

text: in

text: July

text: Seven

text: Sopwith

text: Camels

text: launched

text: from

text: the

text: converted

text: battlecruiser

text: HMS

text: Furious

text: damaged

text: the

text: German

text: airbase

text: at

text: Tønder

text: and

text: destroyed

text: two

text: zeppelins

question: In what year was the advent of heavier-than-air fixed-wing aircraft?

answer: 1903

question: In what year was the first experimental take-off of an airplane?

answer: 1910

question: In what year were the first experimental landings of an airplane?

answer: 1911

question: What did the Imperial Japanese Navy Wakamiya conduct in September 1914?

answer: the world's first successful ship-launched air raid

text: the world's first successful ship-launched air raid

question: What was the first carrier-launched airstrike?

answer: the Tondern Raid in July 1918

text: the Tondern Raid in July 1918

question: In what year was the advent of lighter-than-air fixed-wing aircraft?

question: In what year was the second experimental take-off of an airplane?

question: In what year were the first experimental takeoffs of an airplane?

question: What did the Imperial Chinese Navy Wakamiya conduct in September 1914?

question: What was the first carrier-launched seastrike?

text: Tondern Raid in July 1918


text: Muslim sects regarded as heretical, such as the Druze, Ismailis, Alevis, and Alawites, ranked below Jews and Christians. In 1514, Sultan Selim I, nicknamed "the Grim" because of his cruelty, ordered the massacre of 40,000 Anatolian Alevis (Qizilbash), whom he considered heretics, reportedly proclaiming that "the killing of one Alevi had as much otherworldly reward as killing 70 Christians."[page needed] Selim was also responsible for an unprecedented and rapid expansion of the Ottoman Empire into the Middle East, especially through his conquest of the entire Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, which included much of the region. With these conquests, Selim further solidified the Ottoman claim for being an Islamic caliphate, although Ottoman sultans had been claiming the title of caliph since the 14th century starting with Murad I (reigned 1362 to 1389). The caliphate would remain held by Ottoman sultans for the rest of the office's duration, which ended with its abolition on 3 March 1924 by the Grand National Assembly of Turkey and the exile of the last caliph, Abdülmecid II, to France.

title: Ottoman_Empire

title: Ottoman_Empire

text: Muslim

text: sects

text: regarded

text: as

text: heretical

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Druze

text: Ismailis

text: Alevis

text: and

text: Alawites

text: ranked

text: below

text: Jews

text: and

text: Christians

text: In

text: Sultan

text: Selim

text: I

text: nicknamed

text: the

text: Grim

text: because

text: of

text: his

text: cruelty

text: ordered

text: the

text: massacre

text: of

text: Anatolian

text: Alevis

text: Qizilbash

text: whom

text: he

text: considered

text: heretics

text: reportedly

text: proclaiming

text: that

text: the

text: killing

text: of

text: one

text: Alevi

text: had

text: as

text: much

text: otherworldly

text: reward

text: as

text: killing

text: Christians."[page

text: needed

text: Selim

text: was

text: also

text: responsible

text: for

text: an

text: unprecedented

text: and

text: rapid

text: expansion

text: of

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: into

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: especially

text: through

text: his

text: conquest

text: of

text: the

text: entire

text: Mamluk

text: Sultanate

text: of

text: Egypt

text: which

text: included

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: With

text: these

text: conquests

text: Selim

text: further

text: solidified

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: claim

text: for

text: being

text: an

text: Islamic

text: caliphate

text: although

text: Ottoman

text: sultans

text: had

text: been

text: claiming

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: caliph

text: since

text: the

text: century

text: starting

text: with

text: Murad

text: I

text: reigned

text: to

text: The

text: caliphate

text: would

text: remain

text: held

text: by

text: Ottoman

text: sultans

text: for

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: office

text: 's

text: duration

text: which

text: ended

text: with

text: its

text: abolition

text: on

text: March

text: by

text: the

text: Grand

text: National

text: Assembly

text: of

text: Turkey

text: and

text: the

text: exile

text: of

text: the

text: last

text: caliph

text: Abdülmecid

text: II

text: to

text: France

question: The Muslim sect known as the Druze is considered what?

answer: heretical

text: heretical

question: What was Sultan Selim I's nickname?

answer: the Grim

text: the Grim

question: In what year did Sultan Selim I order the massacre of 40,000 people whom he considered heretics?

answer: 1514

question: What group did Sultan Selim I consider heretics and subsequently slaughter?

answer: Anatolian Alevis (Qizilbash)

text: Anatolian Alevis (Qizilbash)

question: Under Sultan Selim I the empire swallowed what sultanate in Egypt?

answer: Mamluk Sultanate

text: Mamluk Sultanate


text: In mid-November The Shevchenko Ukrainian Language Society was officially registered. On November 19, 1989, a public gathering in Kiev attracted thousands of mourners, friends and family to the reburial in Ukraine of three inmates of the infamous Gulag Camp No. 36 in Perm in the Ural Mountains: human-rights activists Vasyl Stus, Oleksiy Tykhy, and Yuriy Lytvyn. Their remains were reinterred in Baikove Cemetery. On November 26, 1989, a day of prayer and fasting was proclaimed by Cardinal Myroslav Lubachivsky, thousands of faithful in western Ukraine participated in religious services on the eve of a meeting between Pope John Paul II and Soviet President Gorbachev. On November 28, 1989, the Ukrainian SSR's Council for Religious Affairs issued a decree allowing Ukrainian Catholic congregations to register as legal organizations. The decree was proclaimed on December 1, coinciding with a meeting at the Vatican between the pope and the Soviet president.

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

text: In

text: mid

text: November

text: The

text: Shevchenko

text: Ukrainian

text: Language

text: Society

text: was

text: officially

text: registered

text: On

text: November

text: a

text: public

text: gathering

text: in

text: Kiev

text: attracted

text: thousands

text: of

text: mourners

text: friends

text: and

text: family

text: to

text: the

text: reburial

text: in

text: Ukraine

text: of

text: three

text: inmates

text: of

text: the

text: infamous

text: Gulag

text: Camp

text: No

text: in

text: Perm

text: in

text: the

text: Ural

text: Mountains

text: human

text: rights

text: activists

text: Vasyl

text: Stus

text: Oleksiy

text: Tykhy

text: and

text: Yuriy

text: Lytvyn

text: Their

text: remains

text: were

text: reinterred

text: in

text: Baikove

text: Cemetery

text: On

text: November

text: a

text: day

text: of

text: prayer

text: and

text: fasting

text: was

text: proclaimed

text: by

text: Cardinal

text: Myroslav

text: Lubachivsky

text: thousands

text: of

text: faithful

text: in

text: western

text: Ukraine

text: participated

text: in

text: religious

text: services

text: on

text: the

text: eve

text: of

text: a

text: meeting

text: between

text: Pope

text: John

text: Paul

text: II

text: and

text: Soviet

text: President

text: Gorbachev

text: On

text: November

text: the

text: Ukrainian

text: SSR

text: 's

text: Council

text: for

text: Religious

text: Affairs

text: issued

text: a

text: decree

text: allowing

text: Ukrainian

text: Catholic

text: congregations

text: to

text: register

text: as

text: legal

text: organizations

text: The

text: decree

text: was

text: proclaimed

text: on

text: December

text: coinciding

text: with

text: a

text: meeting

text: at

text: the

text: Vatican

text: between

text: the

text: pope

text: and

text: the

text: Soviet

text: president

question: When was The Shevchenko Ukrainian Language Society made official?

answer: mid-November

text: mid-November

question: The three human rights activists reburied November 19th were prisoners where?

answer: Gulag Camp No. 36

text: Gulag Camp No. 36

question: Where was Gulag Camp No. 36 located?

answer: Perm in the Ural Mountains

text: Perm in the Ural Mountains

question: Where were the activists reburied?

answer: Baikove Cemetery.

text: Baikove Cemetery.

question: Who met with Gorbachev on November 22?

answer: Pope John Paul II

text: Pope John Paul II


text: Since the university's establishment in the city in 1837, the histories of the University of Michigan and Ann Arbor have been closely linked. The town became a regional transportation hub in 1839 with the arrival of the Michigan Central Railroad, and a north—south railway connecting Ann Arbor to Toledo and other markets to the south was established in 1878. Throughout the 1840s and the 1850s settlers continued to come to Ann Arbor. While the earlier settlers were primarily of British ancestry, the newer settlers also consisted of Germans, Irish, and African-Americans. In 1851, Ann Arbor was chartered as a city, though the city showed a drop in population during the Depression of 1873. It was not until the early 1880s that Ann Arbor again saw robust growth, with new immigrants coming from Greece, Italy, Russia, and Poland. Ann Arbor saw increased growth in manufacturing, particularly in milling. Ann Arbor's Jewish community also grew after the turn of the 20th century, and its first and oldest synagogue, Beth Israel Congregation, was established in 1916.

title: Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

title: Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

text: Since

text: the

text: university

text: 's

text: establishment

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: histories

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Michigan

text: and

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: have

text: been

text: closely

text: linked

text: The

text: town

text: became

text: a

text: regional

text: transportation

text: hub

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: the

text: Michigan

text: Central

text: Railroad

text: and

text: a

text: north

text: south

text: railway

text: connecting

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: to

text: Toledo

text: and

text: other

text: markets

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: Throughout

text: the

text: and

text: the

text: settlers

text: continued

text: to

text: come

text: to

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: While

text: the

text: earlier

text: settlers

text: were

text: primarily

text: of

text: British

text: ancestry

text: the

text: newer

text: settlers

text: also

text: consisted

text: of

text: Germans

text: Irish

text: and

text: African

text: Americans

text: In

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: was

text: chartered

text: as

text: a

text: city

text: though

text: the

text: city

text: showed

text: a

text: drop

text: in

text: population

text: during

text: the

text: Depression

text: of

text: It

text: was

text: not

text: until

text: the

text: early

text: that

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: again

text: saw

text: robust

text: growth

text: with

text: new

text: immigrants

text: coming

text: from

text: Greece

text: Italy

text: Russia

text: and

text: Poland

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: saw

text: increased

text: growth

text: in

text: manufacturing

text: particularly

text: in

text: milling

text: Ann

text: Arbor

text: 's

text: Jewish

text: community

text: also

text: grew

text: after

text: the

text: turn

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: its

text: first

text: and

text: oldest

text: synagogue

text: Beth

text: Israel

text: Congregation

text: was

text: established

text: in

question: Ann Arbor has been linked with which university?

answer: University of Michigan

text: University of Michigan

question: Which town became the regional transport hub in 1878?

answer: Ann Arbor

text: Ann Arbor

question: Who were the early settlers of Ann Arbor?

answer: British

text: British

question: In which year was Ann Arbor chartered as a city?

answer: 1851

question: In 1916, what was the name of the Synagogue that was establish?

answer: Beth Israel Congregation

text: Beth Israel Congregation

question: What railroad arrived in 1893?

text: Michigan Central Railroad

question: In 1887 a north-south railway connected Ann Arbor to what Ohio city?

text: Toledo

question: In 1815, what was Ann Arbor chartered as?

text: a city,

question: What was the name of the synagogue founded in 1961?

text: Beth Israel Congregation

question: What city became a regional transport hub in 1878?

text: Ann Arbor


text: Bell's coffin was constructed of Beinn Bhreagh pine by his laboratory staff, lined with the same red silk fabric used in his tetrahedral kite experiments. To help celebrate his life, his wife asked guests not to wear black (the traditional funeral color) while attending his service, during which soloist Jean MacDonald sang a verse of Robert Louis Stevenson's "Requiem":

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: Bell

text: 's

text: coffin

text: was

text: constructed

text: of

text: Beinn

text: Bhreagh

text: pine

text: by

text: his

text: laboratory

text: staff

text: lined

text: with

text: the

text: same

text: red

text: silk

text: fabric

text: used

text: in

text: his

text: tetrahedral

text: kite

text: experiments

text: To

text: help

text: celebrate

text: his

text: life

text: his

text: wife

text: asked

text: guests

text: not

text: to

text: wear

text: black

text: the

text: traditional

text: funeral

text: color

text: while

text: attending

text: his

text: service

text: during

text: which

text: soloist

text: Jean

text: MacDonald

text: sang

text: a

text: verse

text: of

text: Robert

text: Louis

text: Stevenson

text: 's

text: Requiem

question: What kind of wood was Bell's coffin made from?

answer: Beinn Bhreagh pine

text: Beinn Bhreagh pine

question: What color silk was used in Bell's coffin?

answer: red

text: red

question: What color were attendees asked to not wear at Bell's funeral?

answer: black

text: black

question: Which singer performed at Bell's funeral?

answer: Jean MacDonald

text: Jean MacDonald


text: In total, 156 prisoners have been either acquitted, or received pardons or commutations on the basis of possible innocence, between 1973 to 2015. Death penalty opponents often argue that this statistic shows how perilously close states have come to undertaking wrongful executions; proponents point out that the statistic refers only to those exonerated in law, and that the truly innocent may be a smaller number. Statistics likely understate the actual problem of wrongful convictions because once an execution has occurred there is often insufficient motivation and finance to keep a case open, and it becomes unlikely at that point that the miscarriage of justice will ever be exposed.

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

text: In

text: total

text: prisoners

text: have

text: been

text: either

text: acquitted

text: or

text: received

text: pardons

text: or

text: commutations

text: on

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: possible

text: innocence

text: between

text: to

text: Death

text: penalty

text: opponents

text: often

text: argue

text: that

text: this

text: statistic

text: shows

text: how

text: perilously

text: close

text: states

text: have

text: come

text: to

text: undertaking

text: wrongful

text: executions

text: proponents

text: point

text: out

text: that

text: the

text: statistic

text: refers

text: only

text: to

text: those

text: exonerated

text: in

text: law

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: truly

text: innocent

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: smaller

text: number

text: Statistics

text: likely

text: understate

text: the

text: actual

text: problem

text: of

text: wrongful

text: convictions

text: because

text: once

text: an

text: execution

text: has

text: occurred

text: there

text: is

text: often

text: insufficient

text: motivation

text: and

text: finance

text: to

text: keep

text: a

text: case

text: open

text: and

text: it

text: becomes

text: unlikely

text: at

text: that

text: point

text: that

text: the

text: miscarriage

text: of

text: justice

text: will

text: ever

text: be

text: exposed

question: Between 1973 and 2015, how amny prisoners were acquitted or received pardons or commutations of their death sentences due to possible innocence?

answer: 156

question: Between 1973 and 2015, how many prisoners were acquitted or received pardons or commutations of their death sentences due to possible guilt?

question: What happened in 2016?

question: What happened in 1970?

question: Who supported this statistic?

text: Death penalty opponents


text: His family was long associated with the teaching of elocution: his grandfather, Alexander Bell, in London, his uncle in Dublin, and his father, in Edinburgh, were all elocutionists. His father published a variety of works on the subject, several of which are still well known, especially his The Standard Elocutionist (1860), which appeared in Edinburgh in 1868. The Standard Elocutionist appeared in 168 British editions and sold over a quarter of a million copies in the United States alone. In this treatise, his father explains his methods of how to instruct deaf-mutes (as they were then known) to articulate words and read other people's lip movements to decipher meaning. Bell's father taught him and his brothers not only to write Visible Speech but to identify any symbol and its accompanying sound. Bell became so proficient that he became a part of his father's public demonstrations and astounded audiences with his abilities. He could decipher Visible Speech representing virtually every language, including Latin, Scottish Gaelic, and even Sanskrit, accurately reciting written tracts without any prior knowledge of their pronunciation.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: His

text: family

text: was

text: long

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: teaching

text: of

text: elocution

text: his

text: grandfather

text: Alexander

text: Bell

text: in

text: London

text: his

text: uncle

text: in

text: Dublin

text: and

text: his

text: father

text: in

text: Edinburgh

text: were

text: all

text: elocutionists

text: His

text: father

text: published

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: works

text: on

text: the

text: subject

text: several

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: still

text: well

text: known

text: especially

text: his

text: The

text: Standard

text: Elocutionist

text: which

text: appeared

text: in

text: Edinburgh

text: in

text: The

text: Standard

text: Elocutionist

text: appeared

text: in

text: British

text: editions

text: and

text: sold

text: over

text: a

text: quarter

text: of

text: a

text: million

text: copies

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: alone

text: In

text: this

text: treatise

text: his

text: father

text: explains

text: his

text: methods

text: of

text: how

text: to

text: instruct

text: deaf

text: mutes

text: as

text: they

text: were

text: then

text: known

text: to

text: articulate

text: words

text: and

text: read

text: other

text: people

text: 's

text: lip

text: movements

text: to

text: decipher

text: meaning

text: Bell

text: 's

text: father

text: taught

text: him

text: and

text: his

text: brothers

text: not

text: only

text: to

text: write

text: Visible

text: Speech

text: but

text: to

text: identify

text: any

text: symbol

text: and

text: its

text: accompanying

text: sound

text: Bell

text: became

text: so

text: proficient

text: that

text: he

text: became

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: his

text: father

text: 's

text: public

text: demonstrations

text: and

text: astounded

text: audiences

text: with

text: his

text: abilities

text: He

text: could

text: decipher

text: Visible

text: Speech

text: representing

text: virtually

text: every

text: language

text: including

text: Latin

text: Scottish

text: Gaelic

text: and

text: even

text: Sanskrit

text: accurately

text: reciting

text: written

text: tracts

text: without

text: any

text: prior

text: knowledge

text: of

text: their

text: pronunciation

question: Where did Bell's uncle live?

answer: Dublin

text: Dublin

question: What was Bell's father most famous for publishing?

answer: The Standard Elocutionist

text: The Standard Elocutionist

question: Bell learned to accurately read lips even without knowing what?

answer: pronunciation

text: pronunciation

question: The Standard Elocutionist was printed how many times?

answer: 168


text: During the 19th and 20th centuries there was a major dispute known as the Greek language question, on whether the official language of Greece should be the archaic Katharevousa, created in the 19th century and used as the state and scholarly language, or the Dimotiki, the form of the Greek language which evolved naturally from Byzantine Greek and was the language of the people. The dispute was finally resolved in 1976, when Dimotiki was made the only official variation of the Greek language, and Katharevousa fell to disuse.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: During

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: major

text: dispute

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Greek

text: language

text: question

text: on

text: whether

text: the

text: official

text: language

text: of

text: Greece

text: should

text: be

text: the

text: archaic

text: Katharevousa

text: created

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: used

text: as

text: the

text: state

text: and

text: scholarly

text: language

text: or

text: the

text: Dimotiki

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: language

text: which

text: evolved

text: naturally

text: from

text: Byzantine

text: Greek

text: and

text: was

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: people

text: The

text: dispute

text: was

text: finally

text: resolved

text: in

text: when

text: Dimotiki

text: was

text: made

text: the

text: only

text: official

text: variation

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: language

text: and

text: Katharevousa

text: fell

text: to

text: disuse

question: When did the Greek Language dispute take place?

answer: During the 19th and 20th centuries

text: During the 19th and 20th centuries

question: When was the Greek language Katharevousa created?

answer: the 19th century

text: the 19th century

question: Which language was considered the language of the people?

answer: Dimotiki

text: Dimotiki

question: What language was made the only official variation in 1976?

answer: Dimotiki

text: Dimotiki

question: From which language did Dimotiki evolve?

answer: Byzantine Greek

text: Byzantine Greek


text: Although Tristan da Cunha shares the +290 code with St Helena, residents have access to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office Telecommunications Network, provided by Global Crossing. This uses a London 020 numbering range, meaning that numbers are accessed via the UK telephone numbering plan. From 1998 to 2006, internet was available in Tristan da Cunha but its high cost made it almost unaffordable for the local population, who primarily used it only to send email. The connection was also extremely unreliable, connecting through a 64 kbit/s satellite phone connection provided by Inmarsat. From 2006, a very-small-aperture terminal provides 3072 kbit/s of publicly accessible bandwidth via an internet cafe.

title: Tristan_da_Cunha

title: Tristan_da_Cunha

text: Although

text: Tristan

text: da

text: Cunha

text: shares

text: the

text: code

text: with

text: St

text: Helena

text: residents

text: have

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: Foreign

text: and

text: Commonwealth

text: Office

text: Telecommunications

text: Network

text: provided

text: by

text: Global

text: Crossing

text: This

text: uses

text: a

text: London

text: numbering

text: range

text: meaning

text: that

text: numbers

text: are

text: accessed

text: via

text: the

text: UK

text: telephone

text: numbering

text: plan

text: From

text: to

text: internet

text: was

text: available

text: in

text: Tristan

text: da

text: Cunha

text: but

text: its

text: high

text: cost

text: made

text: it

text: almost

text: unaffordable

text: for

text: the

text: local

text: population

text: who

text: primarily

text: used

text: it

text: only

text: to

text: send

text: email

text: The

text: connection

text: was

text: also

text: extremely

text: unreliable

text: connecting

text: through

text: a

text: kbit

text: s

text: satellite

text: phone

text: connection

text: provided

text: by

text: Inmarsat

text: From

text: a

text: very

text: small

text: aperture

text: terminal

text: provides

text: kbit

text: s

text: of

text: publicly

text: accessible

text: bandwidth

text: via

text: an

text: internet

text: cafe

question: From when was there a low cost, high speed internet available on the island?

text: 1998 to 2006,

question: With who does St. Helena share the 3072 code?

text: Tristan da Cunha

question: Who provides the Global Crossing Network?

question: Who does Tristan Da Cunha share Global Crossing codes with?

text: St Helena


text: Setting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of a renewable energy policy and these targets are usually defined as a percentage of the primary energy and/or electricity generation mix. For example, the European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix and 22 per cent of electricity consumption by 2010. National targets for individual EU Member States have also been set to meet the overall target. Other developed countries with defined national or regional targets include Australia, Canada, Israel, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, Norway, Singapore, Switzerland, and some US States.

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

text: Setting

text: national

text: renewable

text: energy

text: targets

text: can

text: be

text: an

text: important

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: renewable

text: energy

text: policy

text: and

text: these

text: targets

text: are

text: usually

text: defined

text: as

text: a

text: percentage

text: of

text: the

text: primary

text: energy

text: and/or

text: electricity

text: generation

text: mix

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: has

text: prescribed

text: an

text: indicative

text: renewable

text: energy

text: target

text: of

text: per

text: cent

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: EU

text: energy

text: mix

text: and

text: per

text: cent

text: of

text: electricity

text: consumption

text: by

text: National

text: targets

text: for

text: individual

text: EU

text: Member

text: States

text: have

text: also

text: been

text: set

text: to

text: meet

text: the

text: overall

text: target

text: Other

text: developed

text: countries

text: with

text: defined

text: national

text: or

text: regional

text: targets

text: include

text: Australia

text: Canada

text: Israel

text: Japan

text: Korea

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Norway

text: Singapore

text: Switzerland

text: and

text: some

text: US

text: States

question: Setting national renewable energy targets can be an important part of what?

answer: renewable energy policy

text: renewable energy policy

question: The European Union has prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of what percent?

answer: 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix

text: 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix

question: Name one outher country with defined national or regional target?

answer: Australia

text: Australia

question: Setting national renewable energy targets can be an unimportant part of what?

text: renewable energy policy

question: Setting national renewable energy targets is never an important part of what?

text: renewable energy policy

question: The European Union has not prescribed an indicative renewable energy target of what percent?

text: 12 per cent of the total EU energy mix

question: Name one other country without defined national or regional target?

text: Australia


text: Since June 2007, YouTube's videos have been available for viewing on a range of Apple products. This required YouTube's content to be transcoded into Apple's preferred video standard, H.264, a process that took several months. YouTube videos can be viewed on devices including Apple TV, iPod Touch and the iPhone. In July 2010, the mobile version of the site was relaunched based on HTML5, avoiding the need to use Adobe Flash Player and optimized for use with touch screen controls. The mobile version is also available as an app for the Android platform. In September 2012, YouTube launched its first app for the iPhone, following the decision to drop YouTube as one of the preloaded apps in the iPhone 5 and iOS 6 operating system. According to GlobalWebIndex, YouTube was used by 35% of smartphone users between April and June 2013, making it the third most used app.

title: YouTube

title: YouTube

text: Since

text: June

text: YouTube

text: 's

text: videos

text: have

text: been

text: available

text: for

text: viewing

text: on

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: Apple

text: products

text: This

text: required

text: YouTube

text: 's

text: content

text: to

text: be

text: transcoded

text: into

text: Apple

text: 's

text: preferred

text: video

text: standard

text: a

text: process

text: that

text: took

text: several

text: months

text: YouTube

text: videos

text: can

text: be

text: viewed

text: on

text: devices

text: including

text: Apple

text: TV

text: iPod

text: Touch

text: and

text: the

text: iPhone

text: In

text: July

text: the

text: mobile

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: site

text: was

text: relaunched

text: based

text: on

text: avoiding

text: the

text: need

text: to

text: use

text: Adobe

text: Flash

text: Player

text: and

text: optimized

text: for

text: use

text: with

text: touch

text: screen

text: controls

text: The

text: mobile

text: version

text: is

text: also

text: available

text: as

text: an

text: app

text: for

text: the

text: Android

text: platform

text: In

text: September

text: YouTube

text: launched

text: its

text: first

text: app

text: for

text: the

text: iPhone

text: following

text: the

text: decision

text: to

text: drop

text: YouTube

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: preloaded

text: apps

text: in

text: the

text: iPhone

text: and

text: iOS

text: operating

text: system

text: According

text: to

text: GlobalWebIndex

text: YouTube

text: was

text: used

text: by

text: of

text: smartphone

text: users

text: between

text: April

text: and

text: June

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: used

text: app

question: When did youtube become available on Apple products?

answer: June 2007

text: June 2007

question: When did youtube launch its first app for the iPhone?

answer: September 2012

text: September 2012

question: What percentage of Smartphone users use the youtube app?

answer: 35%

question: What is Apple's prefered video standard?

answer: H.264

question: How long did it take to transfer Youtube's content to Apple's standard?

answer: several months

text: several months

question: What company's products has YouTube's videos been available on since July 2007?

text: Apple

question: What is H.642 to Apple?

text: preferred video standard

question: What was relaunched in June 2010?

text: the mobile version of the site

question: What did YouTube launch in July 2012?

text: first app for the iPhone

question: How many smartphone users used YouTube between April and June 2012?


text: In February 2016, West again became embroiled in controversy when he posted a tweet seemingly asserting Bill Cosby's innocence in the wake of over 50 women making allegations of sexual assault directed at Cosby.

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: In

text: February

text: West

text: again

text: became

text: embroiled

text: in

text: controversy

text: when

text: he

text: posted

text: a

text: tweet

text: seemingly

text: asserting

text: Bill

text: Cosby

text: 's

text: innocence

text: in

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: over

text: women

text: making

text: allegations

text: of

text: sexual

text: assault

text: directed

text: at

text: Cosby

question: What celebrity knee-deep in controversy did Kanye endorse in a 2016 tweet?

answer: Bill Cosby

text: Bill Cosby

question: What actor was Kanye defending on Twitter in February 2016?

answer: Bill Cosby

text: Bill Cosby


text: Before creation of Warsaw Pact, fearing Germany rearmed, Czechoslovak leadership sought to create security pact with East Germany and Poland. These states protested strongly against re-militarization of West Germany. The Warsaw Pact was primarily put in place as a consequence of the rearming of West Germany inside NATO. Soviet leaders, as many European countries in both western and eastern side, feared Germany being once again a military power as a direct threat and German militarism remained a fresh memory among Soviets and Eastern Europeans. As Soviet Union had already bilateral treaties with all of its eastern satellites, the Pact has been long considered 'superfluous', and because of the rushed way in which it was conceived, NATO officials labeled it as a 'cardboard castle'. Previously, in March 1954, the USSR, fearing the restoration of German Militarism in West Germany, requested admission to NATO.

title: Warsaw_Pact

title: Warsaw_Pact

text: Before

text: creation

text: of

text: Warsaw

text: Pact

text: fearing

text: Germany

text: rearmed

text: Czechoslovak

text: leadership

text: sought

text: to

text: create

text: security

text: pact

text: with

text: East

text: Germany

text: and

text: Poland

text: These

text: states

text: protested

text: strongly

text: against

text: re

text: militarization

text: of

text: West

text: Germany

text: The

text: Warsaw

text: Pact

text: was

text: primarily

text: put

text: in

text: place

text: as

text: a

text: consequence

text: of

text: the

text: rearming

text: of

text: West

text: Germany

text: inside

text: NATO

text: Soviet

text: leaders

text: as

text: many

text: European

text: countries

text: in

text: both

text: western

text: and

text: eastern

text: side

text: feared

text: Germany

text: being

text: once

text: again

text: a

text: military

text: power

text: as

text: a

text: direct

text: threat

text: and

text: German

text: militarism

text: remained

text: a

text: fresh

text: memory

text: among

text: Soviets

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Europeans

text: As

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: had

text: already

text: bilateral

text: treaties

text: with

text: all

text: of

text: its

text: eastern

text: satellites

text: the

text: Pact

text: has

text: been

text: long

text: considered

text: superfluous

text: and

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: rushed

text: way

text: in

text: which

text: it

text: was

text: conceived

text: NATO

text: officials

text: labeled

text: it

text: as

text: a

text: cardboard

text: castle

text: Previously

text: in

text: March

text: the

text: USSR

text: fearing

text: the

text: restoration

text: of

text: German

text: Militarism

text: in

text: West

text: Germany

text: requested

text: admission

text: to

text: NATO

question: The formation of the Warsaw Pact was driven by fears of which country rearming itself?

answer: West Germany

text: West Germany

question: Which country sought NATO admission in response to the fear of German rearmament?

answer: the USSR

text: the USSR

question: Which leadership had no fear of Germany?

text: Czechoslovak

question: What states protested for the re-militarization of West Germany?

text: East Germany and Poland

question: Who feared Poland becoming once again a military power?

text: Soviet leaders

question: What officials said the Pact was a "superfluous castle"?

text: NATO


text: The lifestyle of an adolescent in a given culture is profoundly shaped by the roles and responsibilities he or she is expected to assume. The extent to which an adolescent is expected to share family responsibilities is one large determining factor in normative adolescent behavior. For instance, adolescents in certain cultures are expected to contribute significantly to household chores and responsibilities. Household chores are frequently divided into self-care tasks and family-care tasks. However, specific household responsibilities for adolescents may vary by culture, family type, and adolescent age. Some research has shown that adolescent participation in family work and routines has a positive influence on the development of an adolescent's feelings of self-worth, care, and concern for others.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: The

text: lifestyle

text: of

text: an

text: adolescent

text: in

text: a

text: given

text: culture

text: is

text: profoundly

text: shaped

text: by

text: the

text: roles

text: and

text: responsibilities

text: he

text: or

text: she

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: assume

text: The

text: extent

text: to

text: which

text: an

text: adolescent

text: is

text: expected

text: to

text: share

text: family

text: responsibilities

text: is

text: one

text: large

text: determining

text: factor

text: in

text: normative

text: adolescent

text: behavior

text: For

text: instance

text: adolescents

text: in

text: certain

text: cultures

text: are

text: expected

text: to

text: contribute

text: significantly

text: to

text: household

text: chores

text: and

text: responsibilities

text: Household

text: chores

text: are

text: frequently

text: divided

text: into

text: self

text: care

text: tasks

text: and

text: family

text: care

text: tasks

text: However

text: specific

text: household

text: responsibilities

text: for

text: adolescents

text: may

text: vary

text: by

text: culture

text: family

text: type

text: and

text: adolescent

text: age

text: Some

text: research

text: has

text: shown

text: that

text: adolescent

text: participation

text: in

text: family

text: work

text: and

text: routines

text: has

text: a

text: positive

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: an

text: adolescent

text: 's

text: feelings

text: of

text: self

text: worth

text: care

text: and

text: concern

text: for

text: others

question: Does adolescent participation in family work and routines have a positive or negative influence on feelings of self-worth, care, and concern for others?

answer: positive

text: positive

question: What is one large determining factor in normative adolescent behavior?

answer: The extent to which an adolescent is expected to share family responsibilities

text: The extent to which an adolescent is expected to share family responsibilities

question: How are household chores frequently divided?

answer: self-care tasks and family-care tasks

text: self-care tasks and family-care tasks


text: The Scientific Revolution was a period when European ideas in classical physics, astronomy, biology, human anatomy, chemistry, and other classical sciences were rejected and led to doctrines supplanting those that had prevailed from Ancient Greece to the Middle Ages which would lead to a transition to modern science. This period saw a fundamental transformation in scientific ideas across physics, astronomy, and biology, in institutions supporting scientific investigation, and in the more widely held picture of the universe. Individuals started to question all manners of things and it was this questioning that led to the Scientific Revolution, which in turn formed the foundations of contemporary sciences and the establishment of several modern scientific fields.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: The

text: Scientific

text: Revolution

text: was

text: a

text: period

text: when

text: European

text: ideas

text: in

text: classical

text: physics

text: astronomy

text: biology

text: human

text: anatomy

text: chemistry

text: and

text: other

text: classical

text: sciences

text: were

text: rejected

text: and

text: led

text: to

text: doctrines

text: supplanting

text: those

text: that

text: had

text: prevailed

text: from

text: Ancient

text: Greece

text: to

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: which

text: would

text: lead

text: to

text: a

text: transition

text: to

text: modern

text: science

text: This

text: period

text: saw

text: a

text: fundamental

text: transformation

text: in

text: scientific

text: ideas

text: across

text: physics

text: astronomy

text: and

text: biology

text: in

text: institutions

text: supporting

text: scientific

text: investigation

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: more

text: widely

text: held

text: picture

text: of

text: the

text: universe

text: Individuals

text: started

text: to

text: question

text: all

text: manners

text: of

text: things

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: this

text: questioning

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: Scientific

text: Revolution

text: which

text: in

text: turn

text: formed

text: the

text: foundations

text: of

text: contemporary

text: sciences

text: and

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: several

text: modern

text: scientific

text: fields

question: What s the Scientific Revolution?

answer: a period when European ideas in classical physics, astronomy, biology, human anatomy, chemistry, and other classical sciences were rejected

text: a period when European ideas in classical physics, astronomy, biology, human anatomy, chemistry, and other classical sciences were rejected

question: What did the Scientific Revolution cause?

answer: a transition to modern science

text: a transition to modern science

question: What did the Scientific Revolution force people to do?

answer: question all manners of things

text: question all manners of things

question: What did Scientific Revolution form?

answer: several modern scientific fields.

text: several modern scientific fields.


text: United States government assistance is the mainstay of the economy. Under terms of the Amended Compact of Free Association, the U.S. is committed to provide US$57.7 million per year in assistance to the Marshall Islands (RMI) through 2013, and then US$62.7 million through 2023, at which time a trust fund, made up of U.S. and RMI contributions, will begin perpetual annual payouts.

title: Marshall_Islands

title: Marshall_Islands

text: United

text: States

text: government

text: assistance

text: is

text: the

text: mainstay

text: of

text: the

text: economy

text: Under

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: Amended

text: Compact

text: of

text: Free

text: Association

text: the

text: U.S.

text: is

text: committed

text: to

text: provide

text: US$

text: million

text: per

text: year

text: in

text: assistance

text: to

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: RMI

text: through

text: and

text: then

text: US$

text: million

text: through

text: at

text: which

text: time

text: a

text: trust

text: fund

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: U.S.

text: and

text: RMI

text: contributions

text: will

text: begin

text: perpetual

text: annual

text: payouts

question: How much money did the Marshall Islands receive yearly from the United States until 2013?

answer: US$57.7 million

text: US$57.7 million

question: How much money will the United States give the Marshal Islands every year until 2023?

answer: US$62.7 million

text: US$62.7 million

question: What document defines how much money is transferred from the United States to the Marshall Islands?

answer: the Amended Compact of Free Association

text: the Amended Compact of Free Association

question: What will be established in 2023?

answer: a trust fund

text: a trust fund