text: Instruments were marketed by teacher-dealers, much as the title character in the popular musical The Music Man. Often, these teacher-dealers conducted mandolin orchestras: groups of 4-50 musicians who played various mandolin family instruments. However, alongside the teacher-dealers were serious musicians, working to create a spot for the instrument in classical music, ragtime and jazz. Like the teacher-dealers, they traveled the U.S., recording records, giving performances and teaching individuals and mandolin orchestras. Samuel Siegel played mandolin in Vaudeville and became one of America's preeminent mandolinists. Seth Weeks was an African American who not only taught and performed in the United States, but also in Europe, where he recorded records. Another pioneering African American musician and director who made his start with a mandolin orchestra was composer James Reese Europe. W. Eugene Page toured the country with a group, and was well known for his mandolin and mandola performances. Other names include Valentine Abt, Samuel Adelstein, William Place, Jr., and Aubrey Stauffer.

title: Mandolin

title: Mandolin

text: Instruments

text: were

text: marketed

text: by

text: teacher

text: dealers

text: much

text: as

text: the

text: title

text: character

text: in

text: the

text: popular

text: musical

text: The

text: Music

text: Man

text: Often

text: these

text: teacher

text: dealers

text: conducted

text: mandolin

text: orchestras

text: groups

text: of

text: musicians

text: who

text: played

text: various

text: mandolin

text: family

text: instruments

text: However

text: alongside

text: the

text: teacher

text: dealers

text: were

text: serious

text: musicians

text: working

text: to

text: create

text: a

text: spot

text: for

text: the

text: instrument

text: in

text: classical

text: music

text: ragtime

text: and

text: jazz

text: Like

text: the

text: teacher

text: dealers

text: they

text: traveled

text: the

text: U.S.

text: recording

text: records

text: giving

text: performances

text: and

text: teaching

text: individuals

text: and

text: mandolin

text: orchestras

text: Samuel

text: Siegel

text: played

text: mandolin

text: in

text: Vaudeville

text: and

text: became

text: one

text: of

text: America

text: 's

text: preeminent

text: mandolinists

text: Seth

text: Weeks

text: was

text: an

text: African

text: American

text: who

text: not

text: only

text: taught

text: and

text: performed

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: but

text: also

text: in

text: Europe

text: where

text: he

text: recorded

text: records

text: Another

text: pioneering

text: African

text: American

text: musician

text: and

text: director

text: who

text: made

text: his

text: start

text: with

text: a

text: mandolin

text: orchestra

text: was

text: composer

text: James

text: Reese

text: Europe

text: W.

text: Eugene

text: Page

text: toured

text: the

text: country

text: with

text: a

text: group

text: and

text: was

text: well

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: mandolin

text: and

text: mandola

text: performances

text: Other

text: names

text: include

text: Valentine

text: Abt

text: Samuel

text: Adelstein

text: William

text: Place

text: Jr.

text: and

text: Aubrey

text: Stauffer

question: What popular musical casted a teacher-dealer?

answer: The Music Man

text: The Music Man

question: What did these teacher-dealers often conduct?

answer: mandolin orchestras

text: mandolin orchestras

question: How many people were usually in these teacher-dealer orchestras?

answer: 4-50 musicians

text: 4-50 musicians

question: Who played the mandolin in Vaudeville?

answer: Samuel Siegel

text: Samuel Siegel

question: Who was the famous African American musican and director?

answer: composer James Reese Europe.

text: composer James Reese Europe.

question: What popular musical casted a student-dealer?

text: The Music Man

question: What did these student-dealers often conduct?

text: mandolin orchestras

question: How many people were usually in these student-dealer orchestras?

question: Who refused to play the mandolin in Vaudeville?

text: Samuel Siegel

question: Who was the famous North American musican and director?

text: James Reese Europe


text: Apple's iTunes software (and other alternative software) can be used to transfer music, photos, videos, games, contact information, e-mail settings, Web bookmarks, and calendars, to the devices supporting these features from computers using certain versions of Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows operating systems.

title: IPod

title: IPod

text: Apple

text: 's

text: iTunes

text: software

text: and

text: other

text: alternative

text: software

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: transfer

text: music

text: photos

text: videos

text: games

text: contact

text: information

text: e

text: mail

text: settings

text: Web

text: bookmarks

text: and

text: calendars

text: to

text: the

text: devices

text: supporting

text: these

text: features

text: from

text: computers

text: using

text: certain

text: versions

text: of

text: Apple

text: Macintosh

text: and

text: Microsoft

text: Windows

text: operating

text: systems

question: What Apple program is used to communicate between computers and portable devices?

answer: iTunes

text: iTunes

question: Which operating systems are compatible with iTunes?

answer: Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows

text: Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows

question: What's the name of the software used to manage music and other media on Apple devices?

answer: iTunes

text: iTunes


text: Association football is the country's most popular and most televised franchised sport. Its important venues in Mexico City include the Azteca Stadium, home to the Mexico national football team and giants América, which can seat 91,653 fans, making it the biggest stadium in Latin America. The Olympic Stadium in Ciudad Universitaria is home to the football club giants Universidad Nacional, with a seating capacity of over 52,000. The Estadio Azul, which seats 33,042 fans, is near the World Trade Center Mexico City in the Nochebuena neighborhood, and is home to the giants Cruz Azul. The three teams are based in Mexico City and play in the First Division; they are also part, with Guadalajara-based giants Club Deportivo Guadalajara, of Mexico's traditional "Big Four" (though recent years have tended to erode the teams' leading status at least in standings). The country hosted the FIFA World Cup in 1970 and 1986, and Azteca Stadium is the first stadium in World Cup history to host the final twice.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: Association

text: football

text: is

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: most

text: popular

text: and

text: most

text: televised

text: franchised

text: sport

text: Its

text: important

text: venues

text: in

text: Mexico

text: City

text: include

text: the

text: Azteca

text: Stadium

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: Mexico

text: national

text: football

text: team

text: and

text: giants

text: América

text: which

text: can

text: seat

text: fans

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: biggest

text: stadium

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: The

text: Olympic

text: Stadium

text: in

text: Ciudad

text: Universitaria

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: football

text: club

text: giants

text: Universidad

text: Nacional

text: with

text: a

text: seating

text: capacity

text: of

text: over

text: The

text: Estadio

text: Azul

text: which

text: seats

text: fans

text: is

text: near

text: the

text: World

text: Trade

text: Center

text: Mexico

text: City

text: in

text: the

text: Nochebuena

text: neighborhood

text: and

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: giants

text: Cruz

text: Azul

text: The

text: three

text: teams

text: are

text: based

text: in

text: Mexico

text: City

text: and

text: play

text: in

text: the

text: First

text: Division

text: they

text: are

text: also

text: part

text: with

text: Guadalajara

text: based

text: giants

text: Club

text: Deportivo

text: Guadalajara

text: of

text: Mexico

text: 's

text: traditional

text: Big

text: Four

text: though

text: recent

text: years

text: have

text: tended

text: to

text: erode

text: the

text: teams

text: leading

text: status

text: at

text: least

text: in

text: standings

text: The

text: country

text: hosted

text: the

text: FIFA

text: World

text: Cup

text: in

text: and

text: and

text: Azteca

text: Stadium

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: stadium

text: in

text: World

text: Cup

text: history

text: to

text: host

text: the

text: final

text: twice

question: What famous soccer stadium is in Mexico City?

answer: Azteca Stadium

text: Azteca Stadium

question: How many fans does Azteca Stadium hold?

answer: 91,653

question: What is the largest stadium in Latin America?

answer: Azteca Stadium

text: Azteca Stadium

question: What year did Mexico most recently host the World Cup?

answer: 1986

question: What division are the Mexico City soccer teams in?

answer: First

text: First


text: For example, the full name of Oda Nobunaga would be "Oda Kazusanosuke Saburo Nobunaga" (織田上総介三郎信長), in which "Oda" is a clan or family name, "Kazusanosuke" is a title of vice-governor of Kazusa province, "Saburo" is a formal nickname (yobina), and "Nobunaga" is an adult name (nanori) given at genpuku, the coming of age ceremony. A man was addressed by his family name and his title, or by his yobina if he did not have a title. However, the nanori was a private name that could be used by only a very few, including the Emperor.

title: Samurai

title: Samurai

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: full

text: name

text: of

text: Oda

text: Nobunaga

text: would

text: be

text: Oda

text: Kazusanosuke

text: Saburo

text: Nobunaga

text: 織田上総介三郎信長

text: in

text: which

text: Oda

text: is

text: a

text: clan

text: or

text: family

text: name

text: Kazusanosuke

text: is

text: a

text: title

text: of

text: vice

text: governor

text: of

text: Kazusa

text: province

text: Saburo

text: is

text: a

text: formal

text: nickname

text: yobina

text: and

text: Nobunaga

text: is

text: an

text: adult

text: name

text: nanori

text: given

text: at

text: genpuku

text: the

text: coming

text: of

text: age

text: ceremony

text: A

text: man

text: was

text: addressed

text: by

text: his

text: family

text: name

text: and

text: his

text: title

text: or

text: by

text: his

text: yobina

text: if

text: he

text: did

text: not

text: have

text: a

text: title

text: However

text: the

text: nanori

text: was

text: a

text: private

text: name

text: that

text: could

text: be

text: used

text: by

text: only

text: a

text: very

text: few

text: including

text: the

text: Emperor

question: What was Oda Nobunaga's full name?

answer: Oda Kazusanosuke Saburo Nobunaga

text: Oda Kazusanosuke Saburo Nobunaga

question: What did Oda mean?

answer: a clan or family name

text: a clan or family name

question: What did Kazusanosuke mean?

answer: a title of vice-governor of Kazusa province

text: a title of vice-governor of Kazusa province

question: What did Saburo mean?

answer: a formal nickname (yobina)

text: a formal nickname (yobina)

question: What did Nobunaga mean?

answer: an adult name (nanori) given at genpuku, the coming of age ceremony

text: an adult name (nanori) given at genpuku, the coming of age ceremony


text: Switzerland has four official languages: principally German (63.5% total population share, with foreign residents, in 2013); French (22.5%) in the west; and Italian (8.1%) in the south. The fourth official language, Romansh (0.5%), is a Romance language spoken locally in the southeastern trilingual canton of Graubünden, and is designated by Article 4 of the Federal Constitution as a national language along with German, French, and Italian, and in Article 70 as an official language if the authorities communicate with persons who speak Romansh. However, federal laws and other official acts do not need to be decreed in Romansh.

title: Switzerland

title: Switzerland

text: Switzerland

text: has

text: four

text: official

text: languages

text: principally

text: German

text: total

text: population

text: share

text: with

text: foreign

text: residents

text: in

text: French

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: Italian

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: The

text: fourth

text: official

text: language

text: Romansh

text: is

text: a

text: Romance

text: language

text: spoken

text: locally

text: in

text: the

text: southeastern

text: trilingual

text: canton

text: of

text: Graubünden

text: and

text: is

text: designated

text: by

text: Article

text: of

text: the

text: Federal

text: Constitution

text: as

text: a

text: national

text: language

text: along

text: with

text: German

text: French

text: and

text: Italian

text: and

text: in

text: Article

text: as

text: an

text: official

text: language

text: if

text: the

text: authorities

text: communicate

text: with

text: persons

text: who

text: speak

text: Romansh

text: However

text: federal

text: laws

text: and

text: other

text: official

text: acts

text: do

text: not

text: need

text: to

text: be

text: decreed

text: in

text: Romansh

question: How many official languages does Switzerland have?

answer: four

text: four

question: What is the principal official language in Switzerland?

answer: German

text: German

question: What is the principal official language in the western part of Switzerland?

answer: French

text: French

question: What is the principal official language in the southern part of Switzerland?

answer: Italian

text: Italian

question: What is the least popular official language of Switzerland?

answer: Romansh

text: Romansh


text: Fresh vegetables and fruits are common ingredients. Frequently used vegetables include courgettes, green peppers, okra, green beans, artichokes, carrots, tomatoes, cucumbers, lettuce and grape leaves, and pulses such as beans, broad beans, peas, black-eyed beans, chick-peas and lentils. The most common fruits and nuts are pears, apples, grapes, oranges, mandarines, nectarines, medlar, blackberries, cherry, strawberries, figs, watermelon, melon, avocado, lemon, pistachio, almond, chestnut, walnut, and hazelnut.

title: Cyprus

title: Cyprus

text: Fresh

text: vegetables

text: and

text: fruits

text: are

text: common

text: ingredients

text: Frequently

text: used

text: vegetables

text: include

text: courgettes

text: green

text: peppers

text: okra

text: green

text: beans

text: artichokes

text: carrots

text: tomatoes

text: cucumbers

text: lettuce

text: and

text: grape

text: leaves

text: and

text: pulses

text: such

text: as

text: beans

text: broad

text: beans

text: peas

text: black

text: eyed

text: beans

text: chick

text: peas

text: and

text: lentils

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: fruits

text: and

text: nuts

text: are

text: pears

text: apples

text: grapes

text: oranges

text: mandarines

text: nectarines

text: medlar

text: blackberries

text: cherry

text: strawberries

text: figs

text: watermelon

text: melon

text: avocado

text: lemon

text: pistachio

text: almond

text: chestnut

text: walnut

text: and

text: hazelnut

question: Can you name some common vegetables used in Cyprus?

answer: courgettes, green peppers, okra, green beans

text: courgettes, green peppers, okra, green beans

question: Can you name some common fruits used in Cyprus?

answer: pears, apples, grapes, oranges, mandarines

text: pears, apples, grapes, oranges, mandarines

question: Can you name some common pulses used in Cyprus?

answer: beans, broad beans, peas, black-eyed beans

text: beans, broad beans, peas, black-eyed beans


text: Oklahoma has teams in basketball, football, arena football, baseball, soccer, hockey, and wrestling located in Oklahoma City, Tulsa, Enid, Norman, and Lawton. The Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA) is the state's only major league sports franchise. The state had a team in the Women's National Basketball Association, the Tulsa Shock, from 2010 through 2015, but the team relocated to Dallas–Fort Worth after that season and became the Dallas Wings. Oklahoma supports teams in several minor leagues, including Minor League Baseball at the AAA and AA levels (Oklahoma City Dodgers and Tulsa Drillers, respectively), hockey's ECHL with the Tulsa Oilers, and a number of indoor football leagues. In the last-named sport, the state's most notable team was the Tulsa Talons, which played in the Arena Football League until 2012, when the team was moved to San Antonio. The Oklahoma Defenders replaced the Talons as Tulsa's only professional arena football team, playing the CPIFL. The Oklahoma City Blue, of the NBA Development League, relocated to Oklahoma City from Tulsa in 2014, where they were formerly known as the Tulsa 66ers. Tulsa is the base for the Tulsa Revolution, which plays in the American Indoor Soccer League. Enid and Lawton host professional basketball teams in the USBL and the CBA.

title: Oklahoma

title: Oklahoma

text: Oklahoma

text: has

text: teams

text: in

text: basketball

text: football

text: arena

text: football

text: baseball

text: soccer

text: hockey

text: and

text: wrestling

text: located

text: in

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: Tulsa

text: Enid

text: Norman

text: and

text: Lawton

text: The

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: Thunder

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Basketball

text: Association

text: NBA

text: is

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: only

text: major

text: league

text: sports

text: franchise

text: The

text: state

text: had

text: a

text: team

text: in

text: the

text: Women

text: 's

text: National

text: Basketball

text: Association

text: the

text: Tulsa

text: Shock

text: from

text: through

text: but

text: the

text: team

text: relocated

text: to

text: Dallas

text: Fort

text: Worth

text: after

text: that

text: season

text: and

text: became

text: the

text: Dallas

text: Wings

text: Oklahoma

text: supports

text: teams

text: in

text: several

text: minor

text: leagues

text: including

text: Minor

text: League

text: Baseball

text: at

text: the

text: AAA

text: and

text: AA

text: levels

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: Dodgers

text: and

text: Tulsa

text: Drillers

text: respectively

text: hockey

text: 's

text: ECHL

text: with

text: the

text: Tulsa

text: Oilers

text: and

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: indoor

text: football

text: leagues

text: In

text: the

text: last

text: named

text: sport

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: most

text: notable

text: team

text: was

text: the

text: Tulsa

text: Talons

text: which

text: played

text: in

text: the

text: Arena

text: Football

text: League

text: until

text: when

text: the

text: team

text: was

text: moved

text: to

text: San

text: Antonio

text: The

text: Oklahoma

text: Defenders

text: replaced

text: the

text: Talons

text: as

text: Tulsa

text: 's

text: only

text: professional

text: arena

text: football

text: team

text: playing

text: the

text: CPIFL

text: The

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: Blue

text: of

text: the

text: NBA

text: Development

text: League

text: relocated

text: to

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: from

text: Tulsa

text: in

text: where

text: they

text: were

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Tulsa

text: Tulsa

text: is

text: the

text: base

text: for

text: the

text: Tulsa

text: Revolution

text: which

text: plays

text: in

text: the

text: American

text: Indoor

text: Soccer

text: League

text: Enid

text: and

text: Lawton

text: host

text: professional

text: basketball

text: teams

text: in

text: the

text: USBL

text: and

text: the

text: CBA

question: What is the only major league sports team in Oklahoma?

answer: Oklahoma City Thunder

text: Oklahoma City Thunder

question: What league is the Thunder in?

answer: National Basketball Association

text: National Basketball Association

question: What had Oklahoma's WNBA team been?

answer: Tulsa Shock

text: Tulsa Shock

question: Where did Oklahoma's WNBA team move to?

answer: Dallas–Fort Worth

text: Dallas–Fort Worth

question: What was Oklahoma's WNBA team renamed to when it moved?

answer: Dallas Wings

text: Dallas Wings


text: Like other governmental economic activities, also privatization, such as in the sale of government-owned property, is particularly at the risk of cronyism. Privatizations in Russia, Latin America, and East Germany were accompanied by large-scale corruption during the sale of the state owned companies. Those with political connections unfairly gained large wealth, which has discredited privatization in these regions. While media have reported widely the grand corruption that accompanied the sales, studies have argued that in addition to increased operating efficiency, daily petty corruption is, or would be, larger without privatization, and that corruption is more prevalent in non-privatized sectors. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that extralegal and unofficial activities are more prevalent in countries that privatized less.

title: Political_corruption

title: Political_corruption

text: Like

text: other

text: governmental

text: economic

text: activities

text: also

text: privatization

text: such

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: sale

text: of

text: government

text: owned

text: property

text: is

text: particularly

text: at

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: cronyism

text: Privatizations

text: in

text: Russia

text: Latin

text: America

text: and

text: East

text: Germany

text: were

text: accompanied

text: by

text: large

text: scale

text: corruption

text: during

text: the

text: sale

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: owned

text: companies

text: Those

text: with

text: political

text: connections

text: unfairly

text: gained

text: large

text: wealth

text: which

text: has

text: discredited

text: privatization

text: in

text: these

text: regions

text: While

text: media

text: have

text: reported

text: widely

text: the

text: grand

text: corruption

text: that

text: accompanied

text: the

text: sales

text: studies

text: have

text: argued

text: that

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: increased

text: operating

text: efficiency

text: daily

text: petty

text: corruption

text: is

text: or

text: would

text: be

text: larger

text: without

text: privatization

text: and

text: that

text: corruption

text: is

text: more

text: prevalent

text: in

text: non

text: privatized

text: sectors

text: Furthermore

text: there

text: is

text: evidence

text: to

text: suggest

text: that

text: extralegal

text: and

text: unofficial

text: activities

text: are

text: more

text: prevalent

text: in

text: countries

text: that

text: privatized

text: less

question: Selling government property is highly at risk for what?

answer: cronyism

text: cronyism

question: What type of people got wealthy from the sale of state-owned companies?

answer: Those with political connections

text: Those with political connections

question: Where is corruption even more prevalent?

answer: non-privatized sectors

text: non-privatized sectors

question: Countries that what have more extralegal and unofficial things going on?

answer: privatized less

text: privatized less


text: On 7 June 1981, the Israeli air force destroyed Iraq's sole nuclear reactor, in order to impede Iraq's nuclear weapons program. The reactor was under construction just outside Baghdad. Following a series of PLO attacks in 1982, Israel invaded Lebanon that year to destroy the bases from which the PLO launched attacks and missiles into northern Israel. In the first six days of fighting, the Israelis destroyed the military forces of the PLO in Lebanon and decisively defeated the Syrians. An Israeli government inquiry – the Kahan Commission – would later hold Begin, Sharon and several Israeli generals as indirectly responsible for the Sabra and Shatila massacre. In 1985, Israel responded to a Palestinian terrorist attack in Cyprus by bombing the PLO headquarters in Tunis. Israel withdrew from most of Lebanon in 1986, but maintained a borderland buffer zone in southern Lebanon until 2000, from where Israeli forces engaged in conflict with Hezbollah.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: On

text: June

text: the

text: Israeli

text: air

text: force

text: destroyed

text: Iraq

text: 's

text: sole

text: nuclear

text: reactor

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: impede

text: Iraq

text: 's

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: program

text: The

text: reactor

text: was

text: under

text: construction

text: just

text: outside

text: Baghdad

text: Following

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: PLO

text: attacks

text: in

text: Israel

text: invaded

text: Lebanon

text: that

text: year

text: to

text: destroy

text: the

text: bases

text: from

text: which

text: the

text: PLO

text: launched

text: attacks

text: and

text: missiles

text: into

text: northern

text: Israel

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: six

text: days

text: of

text: fighting

text: the

text: Israelis

text: destroyed

text: the

text: military

text: forces

text: of

text: the

text: PLO

text: in

text: Lebanon

text: and

text: decisively

text: defeated

text: the

text: Syrians

text: An

text: Israeli

text: government

text: inquiry

text: the

text: Kahan

text: Commission

text: would

text: later

text: hold

text: Begin

text: Sharon

text: and

text: several

text: Israeli

text: generals

text: as

text: indirectly

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: Sabra

text: and

text: Shatila

text: massacre

text: In

text: Israel

text: responded

text: to

text: a

text: Palestinian

text: terrorist

text: attack

text: in

text: Cyprus

text: by

text: bombing

text: the

text: PLO

text: headquarters

text: in

text: Tunis

text: Israel

text: withdrew

text: from

text: most

text: of

text: Lebanon

text: in

text: but

text: maintained

text: a

text: borderland

text: buffer

text: zone

text: in

text: southern

text: Lebanon

text: until

text: from

text: where

text: Israeli

text: forces

text: engaged

text: in

text: conflict

text: with

text: Hezbollah

question: When did the Israeli air force destroy Iraq's sole nuclear reactor?

answer: 7 June 1981

text: 7 June 1981

question: Why did they destroy the nuclear reactor?

answer: impede Iraq's nuclear weapons program

text: impede Iraq's nuclear weapons program

question: What government inquiry held Begin?

answer: Kahan Commission

text: Kahan Commission


text: Kenneth Gergen formulated additional classifications, which include the strategic manipulator, the pastiche personality, and the relational self. The strategic manipulator is a person who begins to regard all senses of identity merely as role-playing exercises, and who gradually becomes alienated from his or her social "self". The pastiche personality abandons all aspirations toward a true or "essential" identity, instead viewing social interactions as opportunities to play out, and hence become, the roles they play. Finally, the relational self is a perspective by which persons abandon all sense of exclusive self, and view all sense of identity in terms of social engagement with others. For Gergen, these strategies follow one another in phases, and they are linked to the increase in popularity of postmodern culture and the rise of telecommunications technology.

title: Identity_(social_science)

title: Identity_(social_science

text: Kenneth

text: Gergen

text: formulated

text: additional

text: classifications

text: which

text: include

text: the

text: strategic

text: manipulator

text: the

text: pastiche

text: personality

text: and

text: the

text: relational

text: self

text: The

text: strategic

text: manipulator

text: is

text: a

text: person

text: who

text: begins

text: to

text: regard

text: all

text: senses

text: of

text: identity

text: merely

text: as

text: role

text: playing

text: exercises

text: and

text: who

text: gradually

text: becomes

text: alienated

text: from

text: his

text: or

text: her

text: social

text: self

text: The

text: pastiche

text: personality

text: abandons

text: all

text: aspirations

text: toward

text: a

text: true

text: or

text: essential

text: identity

text: instead

text: viewing

text: social

text: interactions

text: as

text: opportunities

text: to

text: play

text: out

text: and

text: hence

text: become

text: the

text: roles

text: they

text: play

text: Finally

text: the

text: relational

text: self

text: is

text: a

text: perspective

text: by

text: which

text: persons

text: abandon

text: all

text: sense

text: of

text: exclusive

text: self

text: and

text: view

text: all

text: sense

text: of

text: identity

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: social

text: engagement

text: with

text: others

text: For

text: Gergen

text: these

text: strategies

text: follow

text: one

text: another

text: in

text: phases

text: and

text: they

text: are

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: increase

text: in

text: popularity

text: of

text: postmodern

text: culture

text: and

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: telecommunications

text: technology

question: Who formulated the classifications of strategic manipulator, pastiche personality and the relational self?

answer: Kenneth Gergen

text: Kenneth Gergen

question: In what classification is a person who regards all experiences are role play and becomes alienated from his or her social self?

answer: The strategic manipulator

text: The strategic manipulator

question: In what classification is a person who gives up the chance for a true self and adopts social perceptions of him or herself?

answer: The pastiche personality

text: The pastiche personality

question: In what classification is a person who gives up their exclusive sense of self and defines him or herself only in terms of social engagement?

answer: the relational self

text: the relational self

question: The strategic manipulator, pastiche personality, and relational self are linked to the rise of what culture?

answer: postmodern culture

text: postmodern culture

question: Who formulated all new classifications?

text: Kenneth Gergen

question: What classifications did Kenneth Gregen eliminate?

question: What type of person sees all of life is a role-playing exercise?

text: strategic manipulator

question: What type of person embraces all aspirations towards a true or essential identity?

text: The pastiche personality

question: What perspective embraces individual self and abandoned social engagements?

text: relational self


text: Boston shares many cultural roots with greater New England, including a dialect of the non-rhotic Eastern New England accent known as Boston English, and a regional cuisine with a large emphasis on seafood, salt, and dairy products. Irish Americans are a major influence on Boston's politics and religious institutions. Boston also has its own collection of neologisms known as Boston slang.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: Boston

text: shares

text: many

text: cultural

text: roots

text: with

text: greater

text: New

text: England

text: including

text: a

text: dialect

text: of

text: the

text: non

text: rhotic

text: Eastern

text: New

text: England

text: accent

text: known

text: as

text: Boston

text: English

text: and

text: a

text: regional

text: cuisine

text: with

text: a

text: large

text: emphasis

text: on

text: seafood

text: salt

text: and

text: dairy

text: products

text: Irish

text: Americans

text: are

text: a

text: major

text: influence

text: on

text: Boston

text: 's

text: politics

text: and

text: religious

text: institutions

text: Boston

text: also

text: has

text: its

text: own

text: collection

text: of

text: neologisms

text: known

text: as

text: Boston

text: slang

question: Boston is culturally similar to what area?

answer: greater New England

text: greater New England

question: What is the Boston accent known as?

answer: Boston English

text: Boston English

question: Who influences Boston's politics and religion?

answer: Irish Americans

text: Irish Americans

question: What are Bostons neologisms more commonly known as?

answer: Boston slang

text: Boston slang

question: Food with an emphasis on seafood, salt, and dairy is an exaple of what?

answer: regional cuisine

text: regional cuisine


text: Political science is a late arrival in terms of social sciences[citation needed]. However, the discipline has a clear set of antecedents such as moral philosophy, political philosophy, political economy, history, and other fields concerned with normative determinations of what ought to be and with deducing the characteristics and functions of the ideal form of government. The roots of politics are in prehistory. In each historic period and in almost every geographic area, we can find someone studying politics and increasing political understanding.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: Political

text: science

text: is

text: a

text: late

text: arrival

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: social

text: sciences[citation

text: needed

text: However

text: the

text: discipline

text: has

text: a

text: clear

text: set

text: of

text: antecedents

text: such

text: as

text: moral

text: philosophy

text: political

text: philosophy

text: political

text: economy

text: history

text: and

text: other

text: fields

text: concerned

text: with

text: normative

text: determinations

text: of

text: what

text: ought

text: to

text: be

text: and

text: with

text: deducing

text: the

text: characteristics

text: and

text: functions

text: of

text: the

text: ideal

text: form

text: of

text: government

text: The

text: roots

text: of

text: politics

text: are

text: in

text: prehistory

text: In

text: each

text: historic

text: period

text: and

text: in

text: almost

text: every

text: geographic

text: area

text: we

text: can

text: find

text: someone

text: studying

text: politics

text: and

text: increasing

text: political

text: understanding

question: What larger group does political science belong to?

answer: social sciences

text: social sciences

question: Where did the ideas of political science begin?

answer: prehistory

text: prehistory

question: In history, where could you find someone studying politics?

answer: in almost every geographic area

text: in almost every geographic area


text: The Duke of York had required that every community in his new lands of New York and New Jersey support some church, but this was more often Dutch Reformed, Quaker or Presbyterian, than Anglican. Some chose to support more than one church. He also ordained that the tax-payers were free, having paid his local tax, to choose their own church. The terms for the surrender of New Amsterdam had provided that the Dutch would have liberty of conscience, and the Duke, as an openly divine-right Catholic, was no friend of Anglicanism. The first Anglican minister in New Jersey arrived in 1698, though Anglicanism was more popular in New York.

title: Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States

text: The

text: Duke

text: of

text: York

text: had

text: required

text: that

text: every

text: community

text: in

text: his

text: new

text: lands

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: and

text: New

text: Jersey

text: support

text: some

text: church

text: but

text: this

text: was

text: more

text: often

text: Dutch

text: Reformed

text: Quaker

text: or

text: Presbyterian

text: than

text: Anglican

text: Some

text: chose

text: to

text: support

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: church

text: He

text: also

text: ordained

text: that

text: the

text: tax

text: payers

text: were

text: free

text: having

text: paid

text: his

text: local

text: tax

text: to

text: choose

text: their

text: own

text: church

text: The

text: terms

text: for

text: the

text: surrender

text: of

text: New

text: Amsterdam

text: had

text: provided

text: that

text: the

text: Dutch

text: would

text: have

text: liberty

text: of

text: conscience

text: and

text: the

text: Duke

text: as

text: an

text: openly

text: divine

text: right

text: Catholic

text: was

text: no

text: friend

text: of

text: Anglicanism

text: The

text: first

text: Anglican

text: minister

text: in

text: New

text: Jersey

text: arrived

text: in

text: though

text: Anglicanism

text: was

text: more

text: popular

text: in

text: New

text: York

question: What did the Duke of York require every community in his lands to support?

answer: some church

text: some church

question: Instead of Anglican, what were the churches most often supported in New York and New Jersey?

answer: Dutch Reformed, Quaker or Presbyterian

text: Dutch Reformed, Quaker or Presbyterian

question: What were taxpayers free to do after they paid the Duke of York his local tax?

answer: to choose their own church

text: to choose their own church

question: Why was the Duke not a friend of Anglicanism?

answer: openly divine-right Catholic,

text: openly divine-right Catholic,

question: When did the first Anglican minister arrive in New Jersey?

answer: 1698

question: What did the Duke of York never require every community in his lands to support?

text: some church

question: Instead of Anglican, what were the churches never supported in New York and New Jersey?

text: Dutch Reformed, Quaker or Presbyterian

question: What were taxpayers not free to do after they paid the Duke of York his local tax?

text: choose their own church

question: Why was the Duke a friend of Anglicanism?

text: openly divine-right

question: When did the first Anglican minister leave New Jersey?


text: The city is considered highly innovative for a variety of reasons, including the presence of academia, access to venture capital, and the presence of many high-tech companies. The Route 128 corridor and Greater Boston continue to be a major center for venture capital investment, and high technology remains an important sector.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: considered

text: highly

text: innovative

text: for

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: reasons

text: including

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: academia

text: access

text: to

text: venture

text: capital

text: and

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: many

text: high

text: tech

text: companies

text: The

text: Route

text: corridor

text: and

text: Greater

text: Boston

text: continue

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: major

text: center

text: for

text: venture

text: capital

text: investment

text: and

text: high

text: technology

text: remains

text: an

text: important

text: sector

question: The city is innovative becaus eit has access to what type of capital?

answer: venture capital

text: venture capital

question: There is a  high presence of what type of company in the city?

answer: high-tech companies

text: high-tech companies

question: Route 128 and Greater Boston are centers for what type of investment?

answer: venture capital investment

text: venture capital investment

question: What remains an important sector?

answer: high technology

text: high technology


text: The first Sky television rights agreement was worth £304 million over five seasons. The next contract, negotiated to start from the 1997–98 season, rose to £670 million over four seasons. The third contract was a £1.024 billion deal with BSkyB for the three seasons from 2001–02 to 2003–04. The league brought in £320 million from the sale of its international rights for the three-year period from 2004–05 to 2006–07. It sold the rights itself on a territory-by-territory basis. Sky's monopoly was broken from August 2006 when Setanta Sports was awarded rights to show two out of the six packages of matches available. This occurred following an insistence by the European Commission that exclusive rights should not be sold to one television company. Sky and Setanta paid a total of £1.7 billion, a two-thirds increase which took many commentators by surprise as it had been widely assumed that the value of the rights had levelled off following many years of rapid growth. Setanta also hold rights to a live 3 pm match solely for Irish viewers. The BBC has retained the rights to show highlights for the same three seasons (on Match of the Day) for £171.6 million, a 63 per cent increase on the £105 million it paid for the previous three-year period. Sky and BT have agreed to jointly pay £84.3 million for delayed television rights to 242 games (that is the right to broadcast them in full on television and over the internet) in most cases for a period of 50 hours after 10 pm on matchday. Overseas television rights fetched £625 million, nearly double the previous contract. The total raised from these deals is more than £2.7 billion, giving Premier League clubs an average media income from league games of around £40 million-a-year from 2007 to 2010.

title: Premier_League

title: Premier_League

text: The

text: first

text: Sky

text: television

text: rights

text: agreement

text: was

text: worth

text: million

text: over

text: five

text: seasons

text: The

text: next

text: contract

text: negotiated

text: to

text: start

text: from

text: the

text: season

text: rose

text: to

text: million

text: over

text: four

text: seasons

text: The

text: third

text: contract

text: was

text: a

text: billion

text: deal

text: with

text: BSkyB

text: for

text: the

text: three

text: seasons

text: from

text: to

text: The

text: league

text: brought

text: in

text: million

text: from

text: the

text: sale

text: of

text: its

text: international

text: rights

text: for

text: the

text: three

text: year

text: period

text: from

text: to

text: It

text: sold

text: the

text: rights

text: itself

text: on

text: a

text: territory

text: by

text: territory

text: basis

text: Sky

text: 's

text: monopoly

text: was

text: broken

text: from

text: August

text: when

text: Setanta

text: Sports

text: was

text: awarded

text: rights

text: to

text: show

text: two

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: six

text: packages

text: of

text: matches

text: available

text: This

text: occurred

text: following

text: an

text: insistence

text: by

text: the

text: European

text: Commission

text: that

text: exclusive

text: rights

text: should

text: not

text: be

text: sold

text: to

text: one

text: television

text: company

text: Sky

text: and

text: Setanta

text: paid

text: a

text: total

text: of

text: billion

text: a

text: two

text: thirds

text: increase

text: which

text: took

text: many

text: commentators

text: by

text: surprise

text: as

text: it

text: had

text: been

text: widely

text: assumed

text: that

text: the

text: value

text: of

text: the

text: rights

text: had

text: levelled

text: off

text: following

text: many

text: years

text: of

text: rapid

text: growth

text: Setanta

text: also

text: hold

text: rights

text: to

text: a

text: live

text: pm

text: match

text: solely

text: for

text: Irish

text: viewers

text: The

text: BBC

text: has

text: retained

text: the

text: rights

text: to

text: show

text: highlights

text: for

text: the

text: same

text: three

text: seasons

text: on

text: Match

text: of

text: the

text: Day

text: for

text: million

text: a

text: per

text: cent

text: increase

text: on

text: the

text: million

text: it

text: paid

text: for

text: the

text: previous

text: three

text: year

text: period

text: Sky

text: and

text: BT

text: have

text: agreed

text: to

text: jointly

text: pay

text: million

text: for

text: delayed

text: television

text: rights

text: to

text: games

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: broadcast

text: them

text: in

text: full

text: on

text: television

text: and

text: over

text: the

text: internet

text: in

text: most

text: cases

text: for

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: hours

text: after

text: pm

text: on

text: matchday

text: Overseas

text: television

text: rights

text: fetched

text: million

text: nearly

text: double

text: the

text: previous

text: contract

text: The

text: total

text: raised

text: from

text: these

text: deals

text: is

text: more

text: than

text: billion

text: giving

text: Premier

text: League

text: clubs

text: an

text: average

text: media

text: income

text: from

text: league

text: games

text: of

text: around

text: million

text: a

text: year

text: from

text: to

question: How much was the amount of first five seasons of the Sky television rights?

answer: The first Sky television rights agreement was worth £304 million over five seasons.

text: The first Sky television rights agreement was worth £304 million over five seasons.

question: How much many did the Premier League make from selling its internation rights during 2004-07?

answer: The league brought in £320 million from the sale of its international rights for the three-year period from 2004–05 to 2006–07

text: The league brought in £320 million from the sale of its international rights for the three-year period from 2004–05 to 2006–07

question: What happened to Sky's agreement in 2006.

answer: Sky's monopoly was broken from August 2006 when Setanta Sports was awarded rights to show two out of the six packages of matches available.

text: Sky's monopoly was broken from August 2006 when Setanta Sports was awarded rights to show two out of the six packages of matches available.

question: Why did this happen?

answer: This occurred following an insistence by the European Commission that exclusive rights should not be sold to one television company.

text: This occurred following an insistence by the European Commission that exclusive rights should not be sold to one television company.

question: What was the average income from media from 2007-2010 for the Premier League?

answer: giving Premier League clubs an average media income from league games of around £40 million-a-year from 2007 to 2010.

text: giving Premier League clubs an average media income from league games of around £40 million-a-year from 2007 to 2010.

question: How many seasons did the first television rights contract award to Sky?

answer: five

text: five

question: How much was the first television rights contract awarded to Sky worth?

answer: £304 million

text: £304 million

question: How much was the second television rights contract awarded to Sky worth?

answer: £670 million

text: £670 million

question: How much was the third television rights contract awarded to Sky worth?

answer: £1.024 billion

text: £1.024 billion

question: By being awarded television rights, which other network broke Sky's monopoly on Premier League coverage?

answer: Setanta Sports

text: Setanta Sports

question: The first Sky television rights agreement was worth how much money over a six year period?

text: £304 million

question: The first Sky television rights agreement was worth 105 million over what time period?

text: five seasons

question: The second contract began in the 1996 season and was worth how much?

text: £670 million over four seasons

question: How much was the second contract worth over a three season period?

text: £670 million

question: How much was the third contract worth over a four season period?

text: £1.024 billion


text: In empirical therapy, a patient has proven or suspected infection, but the responsible microorganism is not yet unidentified. While the microorgainsim is being identified the doctor will usually administer the best choice of antibiotic that will be most active against the likely cause of infection usually a broad spectrum antibiotic. Empirical therapy is usually initiated before the doctor knows the exact identification of microorgansim causing the infection as the identification process make take several days in the laboratory.

title: Antibiotics

title: Antibiotics

text: In

text: empirical

text: therapy

text: a

text: patient

text: has

text: proven

text: or

text: suspected

text: infection

text: but

text: the

text: responsible

text: microorganism

text: is

text: not

text: yet

text: unidentified

text: While

text: the

text: microorgainsim

text: is

text: being

text: identified

text: the

text: doctor

text: will

text: usually

text: administer

text: the

text: best

text: choice

text: of

text: antibiotic

text: that

text: will

text: be

text: most

text: active

text: against

text: the

text: likely

text: cause

text: of

text: infection

text: usually

text: a

text: broad

text: spectrum

text: antibiotic

text: Empirical

text: therapy

text: is

text: usually

text: initiated

text: before

text: the

text: doctor

text: knows

text: the

text: exact

text: identification

text: of

text: microorgansim

text: causing

text: the

text: infection

text: as

text: the

text: identification

text: process

text: make

text: take

text: several

text: days

text: in

text: the

text: laboratory

question: What is one kind of therapy that may be used when a patience has an infection, but it has not been identified?

answer: empirical therapy

text: empirical therapy

question: Where do doctors perform microorganism identification testing?

answer: laboratory

text: laboratory

question: What kinds of antibiotics are most commonly used for empirical therapy?

answer: broad spectrum antibiotic

text: broad spectrum antibiotic

question: At what stage does a doctor begin empirical therapy?

answer: While the microorgainsim is being identified

text: While the microorgainsim is being identified

question: How long does the identification process take?

answer: several days

text: several days

question: What happens when a doctor doesn't know the microorganism yet?

answer: broad spectrum antibiotic

text: broad spectrum antibiotic

question: What happens in empirical therapy?

answer: a patient has proven or suspected infection, but the responsible microorganism is not yet unidentified

text: a patient has proven or suspected infection, but the responsible microorganism is not yet unidentified

question: When is empirical started?

answer: before the doctor knows the exact identification of microorgansim

text: before the doctor knows the exact identification of microorgansim

question: What is one kind of microorganism that may be used when a patient has an infection but it has not yet been identified?

text: empirical therapy

question: Where do doctors perform empirical therapy testing?

text: laboratory

question: What kinds of infections are most commonly used for empirical therapy?

text: broad spectrum antibiotic

question: At what age does a microorganism begin empirical therapy?

question: How long does the infection process take?

text: several days


text: However, most of the major FBS teams annually schedule early season non-conference preseason home games against lesser opponents that are lower-tier FBS, Football Championship, or Division II schools, which often result in lopsided victories in favor of the FBS teams and act as exhibition games in all but name, though they additionally provide a large appearance fee and at least one guaranteed television appearance for the smaller school. These games also receive the same criticism as NFL exhibition games, but instead it is targeted to schools scheduling low-quality opponents and the simplicity for a team to run up the score against a weak opponent. However, these games are susceptible to backfiring, resulting in damage in poll position and public perception, especially if the higher ranked team loses, although the mere act of scheduling a weak opponent is harmful to a team's overall strength of schedule itself. Games an FBS team schedules against lower division opponents do not count toward the minimum seven wins required for bowl eligibility, and only one game against an FCS team can be counted. With the start of the College Football Playoff system for the 2014 season, major teams are now discouraged from scheduling weaker opponents for their non-conference schedule because of a much higher emphasis on strength of schedule than in the Bowl Championship Series era.

title: Exhibition_game

title: Exhibition_game

text: However

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: FBS

text: teams

text: annually

text: schedule

text: early

text: season

text: non

text: conference

text: preseason

text: home

text: games

text: against

text: lesser

text: opponents

text: that

text: are

text: lower

text: tier

text: FBS

text: Football

text: Championship

text: or

text: Division

text: II

text: schools

text: which

text: often

text: result

text: in

text: lopsided

text: victories

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: the

text: FBS

text: teams

text: and

text: act

text: as

text: exhibition

text: games

text: in

text: all

text: but

text: name

text: though

text: they

text: additionally

text: provide

text: a

text: large

text: appearance

text: fee

text: and

text: at

text: least

text: one

text: guaranteed

text: television

text: appearance

text: for

text: the

text: smaller

text: school

text: These

text: games

text: also

text: receive

text: the

text: same

text: criticism

text: as

text: NFL

text: exhibition

text: games

text: but

text: instead

text: it

text: is

text: targeted

text: to

text: schools

text: scheduling

text: low

text: quality

text: opponents

text: and

text: the

text: simplicity

text: for

text: a

text: team

text: to

text: run

text: up

text: the

text: score

text: against

text: a

text: weak

text: opponent

text: However

text: these

text: games

text: are

text: susceptible

text: to

text: backfiring

text: resulting

text: in

text: damage

text: in

text: poll

text: position

text: and

text: public

text: perception

text: especially

text: if

text: the

text: higher

text: ranked

text: team

text: loses

text: although

text: the

text: mere

text: act

text: of

text: scheduling

text: a

text: weak

text: opponent

text: is

text: harmful

text: to

text: a

text: team

text: 's

text: overall

text: strength

text: of

text: schedule

text: itself

text: Games

text: an

text: FBS

text: team

text: schedules

text: against

text: lower

text: division

text: opponents

text: do

text: not

text: count

text: toward

text: the

text: minimum

text: seven

text: wins

text: required

text: for

text: bowl

text: eligibility

text: and

text: only

text: one

text: game

text: against

text: an

text: FCS

text: team

text: can

text: be

text: counted

text: With

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: College

text: Football

text: Playoff

text: system

text: for

text: the

text: season

text: major

text: teams

text: are

text: now

text: discouraged

text: from

text: scheduling

text: weaker

text: opponents

text: for

text: their

text: non

text: conference

text: schedule

text: because

text: of

text: a

text: much

text: higher

text: emphasis

text: on

text: strength

text: of

text: schedule

text: than

text: in

text: the

text: Bowl

text: Championship

text: Series

text: era

question: Major FBS teams can have lopsided victories against what kinds of lesser opponents?

answer: lower-tier FBS, Football Championship, or Division II schools

text: lower-tier FBS, Football Championship, or Division II schools

question: Why do smaller schools want to play against major FBS teams?

answer: a large appearance fee and at least one guaranteed television appearance

text: a large appearance fee and at least one guaranteed television appearance

question: How many wins are required for an FBS team to be eligible for the bowl?

answer: seven

text: seven

question: How many games between FBS and FCS teams count towards the FBS's bowl eligibility?

answer: one

text: one

question: When did the College Football Playoff System begin?

answer: 2014

question: Who schedules early-season conference home games?

text: FBS teams

question: I what provides a small appearance fee and a guaranteed television appearance for small schools?

question: How many losses before FBS team is ineligible for the ball

text: seven

question: When did the college football playoff system and?

question: Why are major teams now encouraged to schedule weaker opponents further nonconference schedule?


text: At about this same time, Burke was introduced to William Gerard Hamilton (known as "Single-speech Hamilton"). When Hamilton was appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland, Burke accompanied him to Dublin as his private secretary, a position he held for three years. In 1765 Burke became private secretary to the liberal Whig statesman, Charles, Marquess of Rockingham, then Prime Minister of Great Britain, who remained Burke's close friend and associate until his untimely death in 1782. Rockingham also introduced Burke as a Freemason.

title: Edmund_Burke

title: Edmund_Burke

text: At

text: about

text: this

text: same

text: time

text: Burke

text: was

text: introduced

text: to

text: William

text: Gerard

text: Hamilton

text: known

text: as

text: Single

text: speech

text: Hamilton

text: When

text: Hamilton

text: was

text: appointed

text: Chief

text: Secretary

text: for

text: Ireland

text: Burke

text: accompanied

text: him

text: to

text: Dublin

text: as

text: his

text: private

text: secretary

text: a

text: position

text: he

text: held

text: for

text: three

text: years

text: In

text: Burke

text: became

text: private

text: secretary

text: to

text: the

text: liberal

text: Whig

text: statesman

text: Charles

text: Marquess

text: of

text: Rockingham

text: then

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: who

text: remained

text: Burke

text: 's

text: close

text: friend

text: and

text: associate

text: until

text: his

text: untimely

text: death

text: in

text: Rockingham

text: also

text: introduced

text: Burke

text: as

text: a

text: Freemason

question: What was William Gerard Hamilton's nickname?

answer: Single-speech Hamilton

text: Single-speech Hamilton

question: Who was William Gerard Hamilton's private secretary?

answer: Burke

text: Burke

question: When did Burke become the Prime Minister's private secretary?

answer: 1765

question: Who invited Burke to join the Freemasons?

answer: Charles, Marquess of Rockingham

text: Charles, Marquess of Rockingham

question: What political party was Charles, Marquess of Rockingham in?

answer: Whig

text: Whig

question: What was Burke's nickname?

text: Single-speech Hamilton

question: Who was Burke's secretary?

text: William Gerard Hamilton

question: What country was Burke the Chief Secretary for?

text: Ireland

question: What year did Burke go with Hamilton to Dublin?

question: When did Hamilton die?


text: There are generally four recognized levels of tests: unit testing, integration testing, component interface testing, and system testing. Tests are frequently grouped by where they are added in the software development process, or by the level of specificity of the test. The main levels during the development process as defined by the SWEBOK guide are unit-, integration-, and system testing that are distinguished by the test target without implying a specific process model. Other test levels are classified by the testing objective.

title: Software_testing

title: Software_testing

text: There

text: are

text: generally

text: four

text: recognized

text: levels

text: of

text: tests

text: unit

text: testing

text: integration

text: testing

text: component

text: interface

text: testing

text: and

text: system

text: testing

text: Tests

text: are

text: frequently

text: grouped

text: by

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: added

text: in

text: the

text: software

text: development

text: process

text: or

text: by

text: the

text: level

text: of

text: specificity

text: of

text: the

text: test

text: The

text: main

text: levels

text: during

text: the

text: development

text: process

text: as

text: defined

text: by

text: the

text: SWEBOK

text: guide

text: are

text: unit-

text: integration-

text: and

text: system

text: testing

text: that

text: are

text: distinguished

text: by

text: the

text: test

text: target

text: without

text: implying

text: a

text: specific

text: process

text: model

text: Other

text: test

text: levels

text: are

text: classified

text: by

text: the

text: testing

text: objective

question: What are the four recognized levels of testing software?

answer: unit testing, integration testing, component interface testing, and system testing

text: unit testing, integration testing, component interface testing, and system testing

question: What are these test (level testing) typically grouped by?

answer: software development process, or by the level of specificity of the test

text: software development process, or by the level of specificity of the test

question: What is defined in the SWEBOK guide as to testing the main levels?

answer: unit-, integration-, and system testing

text: unit-, integration-, and system testing

question: What are the other levels classified by?

answer: the testing objective

text: the testing objective

question: What are the four unrecognized levels of tests?

question: How are test infrequently grouped?

question: What defines all the levels of the development process?

text: SWEBOK guide

question: The levels covered in the SWEBOK guide are unit-, reintegration, and what other level?

text: system testing

question: What is classified by the pretesting objective?

text: Other test levels


text: The tide-predicting machine invented by Sir William Thomson in 1872 was of great utility to navigation in shallow waters. It used a system of pulleys and wires to automatically calculate predicted tide levels for a set period at a particular location.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: The

text: tide

text: predicting

text: machine

text: invented

text: by

text: Sir

text: William

text: Thomson

text: in

text: was

text: of

text: great

text: utility

text: to

text: navigation

text: in

text: shallow

text: waters

text: It

text: used

text: a

text: system

text: of

text: pulleys

text: and

text: wires

text: to

text: automatically

text: calculate

text: predicted

text: tide

text: levels

text: for

text: a

text: set

text: period

text: at

text: a

text: particular

text: location

question: When was the tide-predicting machine invented by Sir William Thomson invented?

answer: 1872

question: Who invented the first tide-predicting machine in 1872?

answer: Sir William Thomson

text: Sir William Thomson

question: What did Sir William Thomson's tide-predicting machine use to function?

answer: system of pulleys and wires

text: system of pulleys and wires


text: Hyderabad emerged as the foremost centre of culture in India with the decline of the Mughal Empire. After the fall of Delhi in 1857, the migration of performing artists to the city particularly from the north and west of the Indian sub continent, under the patronage of the Nizam, enriched the cultural milieu. This migration resulted in a mingling of North and South Indian languages, cultures and religions, which has since led to a co-existence of Hindu and Muslim traditions, for which the city has become noted.:viii A further consequence of this north–south mix is that both Telugu and Urdu are official languages of Telangana. The mixing of religions has also resulted in many festivals being celebrated in Hyderabad such as Ganesh Chaturthi, Diwali and Bonalu of Hindu tradition and Eid ul-Fitr and Eid al-Adha by Muslims.

title: Hyderabad

title: Hyderabad

text: Hyderabad

text: emerged

text: as

text: the

text: foremost

text: centre

text: of

text: culture

text: in

text: India

text: with

text: the

text: decline

text: of

text: the

text: Mughal

text: Empire

text: After

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: Delhi

text: in

text: the

text: migration

text: of

text: performing

text: artists

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: particularly

text: from

text: the

text: north

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: sub

text: continent

text: under

text: the

text: patronage

text: of

text: the

text: Nizam

text: enriched

text: the

text: cultural

text: milieu

text: This

text: migration

text: resulted

text: in

text: a

text: mingling

text: of

text: North

text: and

text: South

text: Indian

text: languages

text: cultures

text: and

text: religions

text: which

text: has

text: since

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: co

text: existence

text: of

text: Hindu

text: and

text: Muslim

text: traditions

text: for

text: which

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: become

text: noted.:viii

text: A

text: further

text: consequence

text: of

text: this

text: north

text: south

text: mix

text: is

text: that

text: both

text: Telugu

text: and

text: Urdu

text: are

text: official

text: languages

text: of

text: Telangana

text: The

text: mixing

text: of

text: religions

text: has

text: also

text: resulted

text: in

text: many

text: festivals

text: being

text: celebrated

text: in

text: Hyderabad

text: such

text: as

text: Ganesh

text: Chaturthi

text: Diwali

text: and

text: Bonalu

text: of

text: Hindu

text: tradition

text: and

text: Eid

text: ul

text: Fitr

text: and

text: Eid

text: al

text: Adha

text: by

text: Muslims

question: What event pushed Hyderabad to the top of India's cultural centres?

answer: the decline of the Mughal Empire

text: the decline of the Mughal Empire

question: What major event in India in 1857 caused migration of peformance artists into Hyderabad?

answer: the fall of Delhi

text: the fall of Delhi

question: What are the official languages of Telangana?

answer: Telugu and Urdu

text: Telugu and Urdu

question: Which religious group holds the Eid ul-Fitr festival in Hyderabad?

answer: Muslims

text: Muslims

question: The festival of Diwali is a tradition of what faith?

answer: Hindu

text: Hindu


text: In England, Presbyterianism was established in secret in 1592. Thomas Cartwright is thought to be the first Presbyterian in England. Cartwright's controversial lectures at Cambridge University condemning the episcopal hierarchy of the Elizabethan Church led to his deprivation of his post by Archbishop John Whitgift and his emigration abroad. Between 1645 and 1648, a series of ordinances of the Long Parliament established Presbyterianism as the polity of the Church of England. Presbyterian government was established in London and Lancashire and in a few other places in England, although Presbyterian hostility to the execution of Charles I and the establishment of the republican Commonwealth of England meant that Parliament never enforced the Presbyterian system in England. The re-establishment of the monarchy in 1660 brought the return of Episcopal church government in England (and in Scotland for a short time); but the Presbyterian church in England continued in Non-Conformity, outside of the established church. In 1719 a major split, the Salter's Hall controversy, occurred; with the majority siding with nontrinitarian views. Thomas Bradbury published several sermons bearing on the controversy, and in 1719, "An answer to the reproaches cast on the dissenting ministers who subscribed their belief of the Eternal Trinity.". By the 18th century many English Presbyterian congregations had become Unitarian in doctrine.

title: Presbyterianism

title: Presbyterianism

text: In

text: England

text: Presbyterianism

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: secret

text: in

text: Thomas

text: Cartwright

text: is

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: first

text: Presbyterian

text: in

text: England

text: Cartwright

text: 's

text: controversial

text: lectures

text: at

text: Cambridge

text: University

text: condemning

text: the

text: episcopal

text: hierarchy

text: of

text: the

text: Elizabethan

text: Church

text: led

text: to

text: his

text: deprivation

text: of

text: his

text: post

text: by

text: Archbishop

text: John

text: Whitgift

text: and

text: his

text: emigration

text: abroad

text: Between

text: and

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: ordinances

text: of

text: the

text: Long

text: Parliament

text: established

text: Presbyterianism

text: as

text: the

text: polity

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: England

text: Presbyterian

text: government

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: London

text: and

text: Lancashire

text: and

text: in

text: a

text: few

text: other

text: places

text: in

text: England

text: although

text: Presbyterian

text: hostility

text: to

text: the

text: execution

text: of

text: Charles

text: I

text: and

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: republican

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: England

text: meant

text: that

text: Parliament

text: never

text: enforced

text: the

text: Presbyterian

text: system

text: in

text: England

text: The

text: re

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: monarchy

text: in

text: brought

text: the

text: return

text: of

text: Episcopal

text: church

text: government

text: in

text: England

text: and

text: in

text: Scotland

text: for

text: a

text: short

text: time

text: but

text: the

text: Presbyterian

text: church

text: in

text: England

text: continued

text: in

text: Non

text: Conformity

text: outside

text: of

text: the

text: established

text: church

text: In

text: a

text: major

text: split

text: the

text: Salter

text: 's

text: Hall

text: controversy

text: occurred

text: with

text: the

text: majority

text: siding

text: with

text: nontrinitarian

text: views

text: Thomas

text: Bradbury

text: published

text: several

text: sermons

text: bearing

text: on

text: the

text: controversy

text: and

text: in

text: An

text: answer

text: to

text: the

text: reproaches

text: cast

text: on

text: the

text: dissenting

text: ministers

text: who

text: subscribed

text: their

text: belief

text: of

text: the

text: Eternal

text: Trinity

text: By

text: the

text: century

text: many

text: English

text: Presbyterian

text: congregations

text: had

text: become

text: Unitarian

text: in

text: doctrine

question: In what year was the Presbyterianism church formed in England?

answer: 1592

question: Who was the first known Presbyterian in England?

answer: Thomas Cartwright

text: Thomas Cartwright

question: Between what years were the ordinances enacted Presbyterianism as the polity of the Church of England?

answer: 1645 and 1648

text: 1645 and 1648

question: In what year did Salter's Hall controversy, occur that would lead to a split?

answer: 1719

question: When did the result in English Presbyterian congregations becomingUnitarian in doctrine?

answer: 18th century

text: 18th century

question: In which year was the Church of England established in secret?

question: Which religion was established in secret in 1660?

text: Presbyterianism

question: In what year did Lancashire secretly establish Presbyterianism?

question: Who gave controversial lectures at Parliament University?

text: Cartwright

question: What was reestablished in 1719?

text: the monarchy


text: Richmond city government consists of a city council with representatives from nine districts serving in a legislative and oversight capacity, as well as a popularly elected, at-large mayor serving as head of the executive branch. Citizens in each of the nine districts elect one council representative each to serve a four-year term. Beginning with the November 2008 election Council terms was lengthened to 4 years. The city council elects from among its members one member to serve as Council President and one to serve as Council Vice President. The city council meets at City Hall, located at 900 E. Broad St., 2nd Floor, on the second and fourth Mondays of every month, except August.

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: Richmond

text: city

text: government

text: consists

text: of

text: a

text: city

text: council

text: with

text: representatives

text: from

text: nine

text: districts

text: serving

text: in

text: a

text: legislative

text: and

text: oversight

text: capacity

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: popularly

text: elected

text: at

text: large

text: mayor

text: serving

text: as

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: executive

text: branch

text: Citizens

text: in

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: nine

text: districts

text: elect

text: one

text: council

text: representative

text: each

text: to

text: serve

text: a

text: four

text: year

text: term

text: Beginning

text: with

text: the

text: November

text: election

text: Council

text: terms

text: was

text: lengthened

text: to

text: years

text: The

text: city

text: council

text: elects

text: from

text: among

text: its

text: members

text: one

text: member

text: to

text: serve

text: as

text: Council

text: President

text: and

text: one

text: to

text: serve

text: as

text: Council

text: Vice

text: President

text: The

text: city

text: council

text: meets

text: at

text: City

text: Hall

text: located

text: at

text: E.

text: Broad

text: St.

text: Floor

text: on

text: the

text: second

text: and

text: fourth

text: Mondays

text: of

text: every

text: month

text: except

text: August

question: How many representatives make up the Richmond city council?

answer: nine

text: nine

question: What official is in charge of Richmond's executive branch?

answer: mayor

text: mayor

question: How many years does the term of a Richmond city council representative last?

answer: four

text: four

question: On what day of the week does the city council meet?

answer: Mondays

text: Mondays

question: In what month does the city council not meet?

answer: August

text: August


text: Most types of capacitor include a dielectric spacer, which increases their capacitance. These dielectrics are most often insulators. However, low capacitance devices are available with a vacuum between their plates, which allows extremely high voltage operation and low losses. Variable capacitors with their plates open to the atmosphere were commonly used in radio tuning circuits. Later designs use polymer foil dielectric between the moving and stationary plates, with no significant air space between them.

title: Capacitor

title: Capacitor

text: Most

text: types

text: of

text: capacitor

text: include

text: a

text: dielectric

text: spacer

text: which

text: increases

text: their

text: capacitance

text: These

text: dielectrics

text: are

text: most

text: often

text: insulators

text: However

text: low

text: capacitance

text: devices

text: are

text: available

text: with

text: a

text: vacuum

text: between

text: their

text: plates

text: which

text: allows

text: extremely

text: high

text: voltage

text: operation

text: and

text: low

text: losses

text: Variable

text: capacitors

text: with

text: their

text: plates

text: open

text: to

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: were

text: commonly

text: used

text: in

text: radio

text: tuning

text: circuits

text: Later

text: designs

text: use

text: polymer

text: foil

text: dielectric

text: between

text: the

text: moving

text: and

text: stationary

text: plates

text: with

text: no

text: significant

text: air

text: space

text: between

text: them

question: What do many capacitors contain that raises the capacitance?

answer: a dielectric spacer

text: a dielectric spacer

question: What sort of dielectric is used in low capacitance devices?

answer: a vacuum

text: a vacuum

question: What sort of capacitors have traditionally been used in radio tuning circuits?

answer: Variable capacitors

text: Variable capacitors

question: How did the capacitor traditionally used in radio tuning circuits change over time?

answer: use polymer foil dielectric between the moving and stationary plates

text: use polymer foil dielectric between the moving and stationary plates

question: What did the later designs of capacitors used in radio tuning circuits no longer have?

answer: no significant air space

text: no significant air space

question: What do many capacitors contain that lower the capacitance?

text: dielectric spacer

question: What sort of dielectric is never used in low capacitance devices?

text: a vacuum

question: What sort of capacitors have not traditionally been used in radio tuning circuits?

text: Variable capacitors

question: How did the capacitor traditionally used in radio tuning circuits stay the same over time?

question: What did the later designs of capacitors used in radio tuning circuits still have?

text: no significant air space


text: Wilson's government was responsible for a number of sweeping social and educational reforms under the leadership of Home Secretary Roy Jenkins such as the abolishment of the death penalty in 1964, the legalisation of abortion and homosexuality (initially only for men aged 21 or over, and only in England and Wales) in 1967 and the abolition of theatre censorship in 1968. Comprehensive education was expanded and the Open University created. However Wilson's government had inherited a large trade deficit that led to a currency crisis and ultimately a doomed attempt to stave off devaluation of the pound. Labour went on to lose the 1970 general election to the Conservatives under Edward Heath.

title: Labour_Party_(UK)

title: Labour_Party_(UK

text: Wilson

text: 's

text: government

text: was

text: responsible

text: for

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: sweeping

text: social

text: and

text: educational

text: reforms

text: under

text: the

text: leadership

text: of

text: Home

text: Secretary

text: Roy

text: Jenkins

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: abolishment

text: of

text: the

text: death

text: penalty

text: in

text: the

text: legalisation

text: of

text: abortion

text: and

text: homosexuality

text: initially

text: only

text: for

text: men

text: aged

text: or

text: over

text: and

text: only

text: in

text: England

text: and

text: Wales

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: abolition

text: of

text: theatre

text: censorship

text: in

text: Comprehensive

text: education

text: was

text: expanded

text: and

text: the

text: Open

text: University

text: created

text: However

text: Wilson

text: 's

text: government

text: had

text: inherited

text: a

text: large

text: trade

text: deficit

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: currency

text: crisis

text: and

text: ultimately

text: a

text: doomed

text: attempt

text: to

text: stave

text: off

text: devaluation

text: of

text: the

text: pound

text: Labour

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: lose

text: the

text: general

text: election

text: to

text: the

text: Conservatives

text: under

text: Edward

text: Heath

question: When was abortion criminalized in Britain?

question: When was the death penalty introduced in Britain?

question: What was abolished in 1970?

text: theatre censorship

question: What stopped a currency crisis?

text: large trade deficit

question: What year did Labour win a general election?


text: The West Bank was annexed by Jordan in 1950, following the Arab rejection of the UN decision to create two states in Palestine. Only Britain recognized this annexation and Jordan has since ceded its claim to the territory to the PLO. The West Bank was occupied by Israel in 1967 during the Six-Day War. The population are mainly Palestinians, including refugees of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. From their occupation in 1967 until 1993, the Palestinians living in these territories were under Israeli military administration. Since the Israel–PLO letters of recognition, most of the Palestinian population and cities have been under the internal jurisdiction of the Palestinian Authority, and only partial Israeli military control, although Israel has on several occasions redeployed its troops and reinstated full military administration during periods of unrest. In response to increasing attacks as part of the Second Intifada, the Israeli government started to construct the Israeli West Bank barrier. When completed, approximately 13% of the Barrier will be constructed on the Green Line or in Israel with 87% inside the West Bank.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: The

text: West

text: Bank

text: was

text: annexed

text: by

text: Jordan

text: in

text: following

text: the

text: Arab

text: rejection

text: of

text: the

text: UN

text: decision

text: to

text: create

text: two

text: states

text: in

text: Palestine

text: Only

text: Britain

text: recognized

text: this

text: annexation

text: and

text: Jordan

text: has

text: since

text: ceded

text: its

text: claim

text: to

text: the

text: territory

text: to

text: the

text: PLO

text: The

text: West

text: Bank

text: was

text: occupied

text: by

text: Israel

text: in

text: during

text: the

text: Six

text: Day

text: War

text: The

text: population

text: are

text: mainly

text: Palestinians

text: including

text: refugees

text: of

text: the

text: Arab

text: Israeli

text: War

text: From

text: their

text: occupation

text: in

text: until

text: the

text: Palestinians

text: living

text: in

text: these

text: territories

text: were

text: under

text: Israeli

text: military

text: administration

text: Since

text: the

text: Israel

text: PLO

text: letters

text: of

text: recognition

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: Palestinian

text: population

text: and

text: cities

text: have

text: been

text: under

text: the

text: internal

text: jurisdiction

text: of

text: the

text: Palestinian

text: Authority

text: and

text: only

text: partial

text: Israeli

text: military

text: control

text: although

text: Israel

text: has

text: on

text: several

text: occasions

text: redeployed

text: its

text: troops

text: and

text: reinstated

text: full

text: military

text: administration

text: during

text: periods

text: of

text: unrest

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: increasing

text: attacks

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Second

text: Intifada

text: the

text: Israeli

text: government

text: started

text: to

text: construct

text: the

text: Israeli

text: West

text: Bank

text: barrier

text: When

text: completed

text: approximately

text: of

text: the

text: Barrier

text: will

text: be

text: constructed

text: on

text: the

text: Green

text: Line

text: or

text: in

text: Israel

text: with

text: inside

text: the

text: West

text: Bank

question: When was the West Bank annexed by Jordan?

answer: 1950

question: What was the majority of the population in the West Bank?

answer: Palestinians

text: Palestinians

question: What percentage of the barrier will be constructed on the Green Line?

answer: 13%


text: The attacks were focused against western ports in March. These attacks produced some breaks in morale, with civil leaders fleeing the cities before the offensive reached its height. But the Luftwaffe's effort eased in the last 10 attacks as seven Kampfgruppen moved to Austria in preparation for the Balkans Campaign in Yugoslavia and Greece. The shortage of bombers caused the OKL to improvise. Some 50 Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive-bombers and Jabos (fighter-bombers) were used, officially classed as Leichte Kampfflugzeuge ("light bombers") and sometimes called Leichte Kesselringe ("Light Kesselrings"). The defences failed to prevent widespread damage but on some occasions did prevent German bombers concentrating on their targets. On occasion, only one-third of German bombs hit their targets.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: The

text: attacks

text: were

text: focused

text: against

text: western

text: ports

text: in

text: March

text: These

text: attacks

text: produced

text: some

text: breaks

text: in

text: morale

text: with

text: civil

text: leaders

text: fleeing

text: the

text: cities

text: before

text: the

text: offensive

text: reached

text: its

text: height

text: But

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: 's

text: effort

text: eased

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: attacks

text: as

text: seven

text: Kampfgruppen

text: moved

text: to

text: Austria

text: in

text: preparation

text: for

text: the

text: Balkans

text: Campaign

text: in

text: Yugoslavia

text: and

text: Greece

text: The

text: shortage

text: of

text: bombers

text: caused

text: the

text: OKL

text: to

text: improvise

text: Some

text: Junkers

text: Ju

text: Stuka

text: dive

text: bombers

text: and

text: Jabos

text: fighter

text: bombers

text: were

text: used

text: officially

text: classed

text: as

text: Leichte

text: Kampfflugzeuge

text: light

text: bombers

text: and

text: sometimes

text: called

text: Leichte

text: Kesselringe

text: Light

text: Kesselrings

text: The

text: defences

text: failed

text: to

text: prevent

text: widespread

text: damage

text: but

text: on

text: some

text: occasions

text: did

text: prevent

text: German

text: bombers

text: concentrating

text: on

text: their

text: targets

text: On

text: occasion

text: only

text: one

text: third

text: of

text: German

text: bombs

text: hit

text: their

text: targets

question: What was focused in March?

answer: western ports

text: western ports

question: What did these attacks accomplish?

answer: breaks in morale

text: breaks in morale

question: Why was the OKL forced to improvise?

answer: shortage of bombers

text: shortage of bombers

question: How many Ju 87 Stuka dive-bombers and Jabos were used?

answer: 50

question: How many German bombs hit their target?

answer: only one-third

text: only one-third


text: The traditional Charleston accent has long been noted in the state and throughout the South. It is typically heard in wealthy white families who trace their families back generations in the city. It has ingliding or monophthongal long mid-vowels, raises ay and aw in certain environments, and is nonrhotic. Sylvester Primer of the College of Charleston wrote about aspects of the local dialect in his late 19th-century works: "Charleston Provincialisms" (1887)  and "The Huguenot Element in Charleston's Provincialisms", published in a German journal. He believed the accent was based on the English as it was spoken by the earliest settlers, therefore derived from Elizabethan England and preserved with modifications by Charleston speakers. The rapidly disappearing "Charleston accent" is still noted in the local pronunciation of the city's name. Some elderly (and usually upper-class) Charleston natives ignore the 'r' and elongate the first vowel, pronouncing the name as "Chah-l-ston". Some observers attribute these unique features of Charleston's speech to its early settlement by French Huguenots and Sephardic Jews (who were primarily English speakers from London), both of whom played influential roles in Charleston's early development and history.[citation needed]

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

text: The

text: traditional

text: Charleston

text: accent

text: has

text: long

text: been

text: noted

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: and

text: throughout

text: the

text: South

text: It

text: is

text: typically

text: heard

text: in

text: wealthy

text: white

text: families

text: who

text: trace

text: their

text: families

text: back

text: generations

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: It

text: has

text: ingliding

text: or

text: monophthongal

text: long

text: mid

text: vowels

text: raises

text: ay

text: and

text: aw

text: in

text: certain

text: environments

text: and

text: is

text: nonrhotic

text: Sylvester

text: Primer

text: of

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Charleston

text: wrote

text: about

text: aspects

text: of

text: the

text: local

text: dialect

text: in

text: his

text: late

text: century

text: works

text: Charleston

text: Provincialisms

text: and

text: The

text: Huguenot

text: Element

text: in

text: Charleston

text: 's

text: Provincialisms

text: published

text: in

text: a

text: German

text: journal

text: He

text: believed

text: the

text: accent

text: was

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: English

text: as

text: it

text: was

text: spoken

text: by

text: the

text: earliest

text: settlers

text: therefore

text: derived

text: from

text: Elizabethan

text: England

text: and

text: preserved

text: with

text: modifications

text: by

text: Charleston

text: speakers

text: The

text: rapidly

text: disappearing

text: Charleston

text: accent

text: is

text: still

text: noted

text: in

text: the

text: local

text: pronunciation

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: name

text: Some

text: elderly

text: and

text: usually

text: upper

text: class

text: Charleston

text: natives

text: ignore

text: the

text: r

text: and

text: elongate

text: the

text: first

text: vowel

text: pronouncing

text: the

text: name

text: as

text: Chah

text: l

text: ston

text: Some

text: observers

text: attribute

text: these

text: unique

text: features

text: of

text: Charleston

text: 's

text: speech

text: to

text: its

text: early

text: settlement

text: by

text: French

text: Huguenots

text: and

text: Sephardic

text: Jews

text: who

text: were

text: primarily

text: English

text: speakers

text: from

text: London

text: both

text: of

text: whom

text: played

text: influential

text: roles

text: in

text: Charleston

text: 's

text: early

text: development

text: and

text: history.[citation

text: needed

question: "Charleston's Provincialisms" was published in what year?

answer: 1887

question: Who was the author of the work entitled, "The Huguenot Element in Charleston's Provincialisms"?

answer: Sylvester Primer

text: Sylvester Primer

question: To which college did Sylvester Primer belong?

answer: College of Charleston

text: College of Charleston

question: To which two early cultures are the unique characteristics of Charleston's accent attributed to?

answer: French Huguenots and Sephardic Jews

text: French Huguenots and Sephardic Jews

question: What type of journal were Primer's work on Charleston's accent published?

answer: German journal

text: German journal

question: "Charleston's Provincialisms" wasn't published in what year?

question: Who wasn't the author of the work entitled, "The Huguenot Element in Charleston's Provincialisms"?

text: Sylvester Primer

question: To which college didn't Sylvester Primer belong?

text: College of Charleston

question: To which three early cultures are the unique characteristics of Charleston's accent attributed to?

text: French Huguenots and Sephardic Jews

question: What type of journal were Primer's work on Charleston's accent unpublished?

text: German journal


text: The New York metropolitan area is home to a self-identifying gay and bisexual community estimated at 568,903 individuals, the largest in the United States and one of the world's largest. Same-sex marriages in New York were legalized on June 24, 2011 and were authorized to take place beginning 30 days thereafter.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: a

text: self

text: identifying

text: gay

text: and

text: bisexual

text: community

text: estimated

text: at

text: individuals

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: Same

text: sex

text: marriages

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: were

text: legalized

text: on

text: June

text: and

text: were

text: authorized

text: to

text: take

text: place

text: beginning

text: days

text: thereafter

question: How many self-identified LGB people live in the New York metropolitan area?

answer: 568,903

question: On what date did New York legalize gay marriage?

answer: June 24, 2011

text: June 24, 2011

question: How many days after gay marriage was legalized were gay marriages allowed to take place?

answer: 30

question: How many people identify as gay or bisexual in NYC?

answer: 568,903

question: Same-sex marriage became legal on what date in New York?

answer: June 24, 2011

text: June 24, 2011

question: Since Gay marriage became legal, how many days did people have to wait to marry?

answer: 30


text: Some succeeded their fathers as rulers, such as Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur, who ruled Morocco from 1578 to 1608. He was not technically considered as a mixed-race child of a slave; his mother was Fulani and a concubine of his father. Such tolerance for black persons, even when technically "free", was not so common in Morocco. The long association of sub-Saharan peoples as slaves is shown in the term abd (Arabic: عبد,) (meaning "slave"); it is still frequently used in the Arabic-speaking world as a term for black people.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: Some

text: succeeded

text: their

text: fathers

text: as

text: rulers

text: such

text: as

text: Sultan

text: Ahmad

text: al

text: Mansur

text: who

text: ruled

text: Morocco

text: from

text: to

text: He

text: was

text: not

text: technically

text: considered

text: as

text: a

text: mixed

text: race

text: child

text: of

text: a

text: slave

text: his

text: mother

text: was

text: Fulani

text: and

text: a

text: concubine

text: of

text: his

text: father

text: Such

text: tolerance

text: for

text: black

text: persons

text: even

text: when

text: technically

text: free

text: was

text: not

text: so

text: common

text: in

text: Morocco

text: The

text: long

text: association

text: of

text: sub

text: Saharan

text: peoples

text: as

text: slaves

text: is

text: shown

text: in

text: the

text: term

text: abd

text: Arabic

text: عبد

text: meaning

text: slave

text: it

text: is

text: still

text: frequently

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: Arabic

text: speaking

text: world

text: as

text: a

text: term

text: for

text: black

text: people

question: Who was the ruler in Morocco?

answer: Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur

text: Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur

question: When did Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur rule?

answer: from 1578 to 1608

text: from 1578 to 1608

question: What ethnicity was his mother?

answer: Fulani

text: Fulani

question: What Arabic term is still used for black people?

answer: (Arabic: عبد,) (meaning "slave")

text: (Arabic: عبد,) (meaning "slave")

question: Who still had the term "slave" used in reference to them?

answer: sub-Saharan peoples

text: sub-Saharan peoples


text: The victorious great powers also gained an acknowledgement of their status through permanent seats at the League of Nations Council, where they acted as a type of executive body directing the Assembly of the League. However, the Council began with only four permanent members—the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Japan—because the United States, meant to be the fifth permanent member, left because the US Senate voted on 19 March 1920 against the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles, thus preventing American participation in the League.

title: Great_power

title: Great_power

text: The

text: victorious

text: great

text: powers

text: also

text: gained

text: an

text: acknowledgement

text: of

text: their

text: status

text: through

text: permanent

text: seats

text: at

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: Nations

text: Council

text: where

text: they

text: acted

text: as

text: a

text: type

text: of

text: executive

text: body

text: directing

text: the

text: Assembly

text: of

text: the

text: League

text: However

text: the

text: Council

text: began

text: with

text: only

text: four

text: permanent

text: members

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: France

text: Italy

text: and

text: Japan

text: because

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: meant

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: fifth

text: permanent

text: member

text: left

text: because

text: the

text: US

text: Senate

text: voted

text: on

text: March

text: against

text: the

text: ratification

text: of

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Versailles

text: thus

text: preventing

text: American

text: participation

text: in

text: the

text: League

question: Who were the four permanent members of the League of Nations Council?

answer: United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Japan

text: United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Japan

question: Why was United Stated excluded from League of Nations Council?

answer: against the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles, thus preventing American participation in the League

text: against the ratification of the Treaty of Versailles, thus preventing American participation in the League

question: When did US Senate vote against treaty of versailles ratification?

answer: 19 March 1920

text: 19 March 1920

question: What organiztion acted as acknowledgement of status of great powers?

answer: League of Nations Council

text: League of Nations Council

question: When did the League of Nations council vote against the Treaty of Versailles ratification?

text: 19 March 1920

question: Why was France excluded from the League of Nations Council?

question: What four countries were permanent members of the Senate?

question: What council voted against ratification of the Treaty of Versailles?

text: League of Nations Council

question: What did voting against the Assembly of the League prevent?

text: American participation in the League.