text: By the twentieth century, the U.S. Army had mobilized the U.S. Volunteers on four separate occasions during each of the major wars of the nineteenth century. During World War I, the "National Army" was organized to fight the conflict, replacing the concept of U.S. Volunteers. It was demobilized at the end of World War I, and was replaced by the Regular Army, the Organized Reserve Corps, and the State Militias. In the 1920s and 1930s, the "career" soldiers were known as the "Regular Army" with the "Enlisted Reserve Corps" and "Officer Reserve Corps" augmented to fill vacancies when needed.

title: United_States_Army

title: United_States_Army

text: By

text: the

text: twentieth

text: century

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: had

text: mobilized

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Volunteers

text: on

text: four

text: separate

text: occasions

text: during

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: wars

text: of

text: the

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: During

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: the

text: National

text: Army

text: was

text: organized

text: to

text: fight

text: the

text: conflict

text: replacing

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: U.S.

text: Volunteers

text: It

text: was

text: demobilized

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: and

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: the

text: Regular

text: Army

text: the

text: Organized

text: Reserve

text: Corps

text: and

text: the

text: State

text: Militias

text: In

text: the

text: and

text: the

text: career

text: soldiers

text: were

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Regular

text: Army

text: with

text: the

text: Enlisted

text: Reserve

text: Corps

text: and

text: Officer

text: Reserve

text: Corps

text: augmented

text: to

text: fill

text: vacancies

text: when

text: needed

question: What was organized to replace the concept of U.S. Volunteers?

answer: the "National Army"

text: the "National Army"

question: When was the National Army demobilized?

answer: end of World War I

text: end of World War I

question: Who filled vacancies in the Regular Army?

answer: "Enlisted Reserve Corps" and "Officer Reserve Corps"

text: "Enlisted Reserve Corps" and "Officer Reserve Corps"

question: What was organized to replace the concept of the militias?

text: National Army

question: When was the National Army started?

text: end of World War I

question: What was added to the National Army?

text: Regular Army

question: Who filled vacancies for militias?

question: What were temporary soldiers known as?

text: Regular Army


text: While the Armenian Apostolic Church remains the most prominent church in the Armenian community throughout the world, Armenians (especially in the diaspora) subscribe to any number of other Christian denominations. These include the Armenian Catholic Church (which follows its own liturgy but recognizes the Roman Catholic Pope), the Armenian Evangelical Church, which started as a reformation in the Mother church but later broke away, and the Armenian Brotherhood Church, which was born in the Armenian Evangelical Church, but later broke apart from it. There are other numerous Armenian churches belonging to Protestant denominations of all kinds.

title: Armenians

title: Armenians

text: While

text: the

text: Armenian

text: Apostolic

text: Church

text: remains

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: church

text: in

text: the

text: Armenian

text: community

text: throughout

text: the

text: world

text: Armenians

text: especially

text: in

text: the

text: diaspora

text: subscribe

text: to

text: any

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: Christian

text: denominations

text: These

text: include

text: the

text: Armenian

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: which

text: follows

text: its

text: own

text: liturgy

text: but

text: recognizes

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Pope

text: the

text: Armenian

text: Evangelical

text: Church

text: which

text: started

text: as

text: a

text: reformation

text: in

text: the

text: Mother

text: church

text: but

text: later

text: broke

text: away

text: and

text: the

text: Armenian

text: Brotherhood

text: Church

text: which

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: the

text: Armenian

text: Evangelical

text: Church

text: but

text: later

text: broke

text: apart

text: from

text: it

text: There

text: are

text: other

text: numerous

text: Armenian

text: churches

text: belonging

text: to

text: Protestant

text: denominations

text: of

text: all

text: kinds

question: Which Armenian church recognizes the Pope?

answer: Armenian Catholic Church

text: Armenian Catholic Church

question: What broke away from the Armenian Apostolic Church?

answer: Armenian Evangelical Church

text: Armenian Evangelical Church

question: What broke away from the Armenian Evangelical Church?

answer: Armenian Brotherhood Church

text: Armenian Brotherhood Church

question: Which Armenian church is the most popular in Armenia?

answer: Armenian Apostolic Church

text: Armenian Apostolic Church

question: Who does the Armenian Evangelical Church recognize?

text: the Roman Catholic Pope

question: How was the Armenian Catholic Church formed?

question: What does the Armenian Evangelical Church follow?

text: its own liturgy

question: What is the most popular Protestant church to Christians?

text: the Armenian Apostolic Church

question: What church did the Armenian Apostolic Church break away from?

text: the Armenian Evangelical Church


text: The influence of cubism extended to other artistic fields, outside painting and sculpture. In literature, the written works of Gertrude Stein employ repetition and repetitive phrases as building blocks in both passages and whole chapters. Most of Stein's important works utilize this technique, including the novel The Making of Americans (1906–08). Not only were they the first important patrons of Cubism, Gertrude Stein and her brother Leo were also important influences on Cubism as well. Picasso in turn was an important influence on Stein's writing.

title: Cubism

title: Cubism

text: The

text: influence

text: of

text: cubism

text: extended

text: to

text: other

text: artistic

text: fields

text: outside

text: painting

text: and

text: sculpture

text: In

text: literature

text: the

text: written

text: works

text: of

text: Gertrude

text: Stein

text: employ

text: repetition

text: and

text: repetitive

text: phrases

text: as

text: building

text: blocks

text: in

text: both

text: passages

text: and

text: whole

text: chapters

text: Most

text: of

text: Stein

text: 's

text: important

text: works

text: utilize

text: this

text: technique

text: including

text: the

text: novel

text: The

text: Making

text: of

text: Americans

text: Not

text: only

text: were

text: they

text: the

text: first

text: important

text: patrons

text: of

text: Cubism

text: Gertrude

text: Stein

text: and

text: her

text: brother

text: Leo

text: were

text: also

text: important

text: influences

text: on

text: Cubism

text: as

text: well

text: Picasso

text: in

text: turn

text: was

text: an

text: important

text: influence

text: on

text: Stein

text: 's

text: writing

question: Did cubism influence other fields outside of painting and scuplture?

answer: The influence of cubism extended to other artistic fields,

text: The influence of cubism extended to other artistic fields,

question: Who's written works used repitition that was similar to Cubist art?

answer: Gertrude Stein

text: Gertrude Stein

question: What was Gertrude Stein's brother's name?

answer: Leo

text: Leo

question: What was the title of Gertrude Stein's 1906-1908 book?

answer: The Making of Americans

text: The Making of Americans

question: What artistic fields did not inspire other cubism work?

text: painting and sculpture

question: What novel came out in 2008?

text: The Making of Americans

question: Who wrote The Making of French?

text: Gertrude Stein

question: Who was not influencial on Cubism?

text: Gertrude Stein and her brother Leo


text: In 1936, when Tito stayed at the Hotel Lux in Moscow, he met the Austrian comrade Lucia Bauer. They married in October 1936, but the records of this marriage were later erased.

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: In

text: when

text: Tito

text: stayed

text: at

text: the

text: Hotel

text: Lux

text: in

text: Moscow

text: he

text: met

text: the

text: Austrian

text: comrade

text: Lucia

text: Bauer

text: They

text: married

text: in

text: October

text: but

text: the

text: records

text: of

text: this

text: marriage

text: were

text: later

text: erased

question: Where is the Hotel Lux located in Russia?

answer: Moscow

text: Moscow

question: When did Tito stay at the Hotel Lux?

answer: 1936

question: What is the name of the Austrian comrade Tito met in Moscow in 1936?

answer: Lucia Bauer

text: Lucia Bauer

question: When did Tito marry Lucia Bauer?

answer: 1936

question: Tito's marriage to what person was later erased in records?

answer: Lucia Bauer

text: Lucia Bauer


text: Christopher Orr, writing in The Atlantic, also criticised the film, saying that Spectre "backslides on virtually every [aspect]". Lawrence Toppman of The Charlotte Observer called Craig's performance "Bored, James Bored." Alyssa Rosenberg, writing for The Washington Post, stated that the film turned into "a disappointingly conventional Bond film."

title: Spectre_(2015_film)

title: Spectre_(2015_film

text: Christopher

text: Orr

text: writing

text: in

text: The

text: Atlantic

text: also

text: criticised

text: the

text: film

text: saying

text: that

text: Spectre

text: backslides

text: on

text: virtually

text: every

text: aspect

text: Lawrence

text: Toppman

text: of

text: The

text: Charlotte

text: Observer

text: called

text: Craig

text: 's

text: performance

text: Bored

text: James

text: Bored

text: Alyssa

text: Rosenberg

text: writing

text: for

text: The

text: Washington

text: Post

text: stated

text: that

text: the

text: film

text: turned

text: into

text: a

text: disappointingly

text: conventional

text: Bond

text: film

question: Which Atlantic writer gave a negative review of Spectre?

answer: Christopher Orr

text: Christopher Orr

question: What adjective did Lawrence Toppman use to describe Craig's portrayal of James Bond?

answer: Bored

text: Bored

question: What publication does Alyssa Rosenberg write for?

answer: The Washington Post

text: The Washington Post

question: What was the catch phrase Lawrence Toppman of the Charlotte Observer used for the film?

answer: Bored, James Bored

text: Bored, James Bored

question: Christopher Orr of the New Yorker said what about Spectre?

text: backslides on virtually every [aspect]

question: Lawrence Toppman of The Boston Observer called Craig's performance what?

text: Bored, James Bored

question: Alyssa Rosenberg of The Washington Observer said what about the film?

question: Lawrence Orr writes for The Charlotte what?

text: Observer


text: Once at Golgotha, Jesus was offered wine mixed with gall to drink. Matthew's and Mark's Gospels record that he refused this. He was then crucified and hung between two convicted thieves. According to some translations from the original Greek, the thieves may have been bandits or Jewish rebels. According to Mark's Gospel, he endured the torment of crucifixion for some six hours from the third hour, at approximately 9 am, until his death at the ninth hour, corresponding to about 3 pm. The soldiers affixed a sign above his head stating "Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews" in three languages, divided his garments and cast lots for his seamless robe. The Roman soldiers did not break Jesus' legs, as they did to the other two men crucified (breaking the legs hastened the crucifixion process), as Jesus was dead already. Each gospel has its own account of Jesus' last words, seven statements altogether. In the Synoptic Gospels, various supernatural events accompany the crucifixion, including darkness, an earthquake, and (in Matthew) the resurrection of saints. Following Jesus' death, his body was removed from the cross by Joseph of Arimathea and buried in a rock-hewn tomb, with Nicodemus assisting.

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

text: Once

text: at

text: Golgotha

text: Jesus

text: was

text: offered

text: wine

text: mixed

text: with

text: gall

text: to

text: drink

text: Matthew

text: 's

text: and

text: Mark

text: 's

text: Gospels

text: record

text: that

text: he

text: refused

text: this

text: He

text: was

text: then

text: crucified

text: and

text: hung

text: between

text: two

text: convicted

text: thieves

text: According

text: to

text: some

text: translations

text: from

text: the

text: original

text: Greek

text: the

text: thieves

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: bandits

text: or

text: Jewish

text: rebels

text: According

text: to

text: Mark

text: 's

text: Gospel

text: he

text: endured

text: the

text: torment

text: of

text: crucifixion

text: for

text: some

text: six

text: hours

text: from

text: the

text: third

text: hour

text: at

text: approximately

text: am

text: until

text: his

text: death

text: at

text: the

text: ninth

text: hour

text: corresponding

text: to

text: about

text: pm

text: The

text: soldiers

text: affixed

text: a

text: sign

text: above

text: his

text: head

text: stating

text: Jesus

text: of

text: Nazareth

text: King

text: of

text: the

text: Jews

text: in

text: three

text: languages

text: divided

text: his

text: garments

text: and

text: cast

text: lots

text: for

text: his

text: seamless

text: robe

text: The

text: Roman

text: soldiers

text: did

text: not

text: break

text: Jesus

text: legs

text: as

text: they

text: did

text: to

text: the

text: other

text: two

text: men

text: crucified

text: breaking

text: the

text: legs

text: hastened

text: the

text: crucifixion

text: process

text: as

text: Jesus

text: was

text: dead

text: already

text: Each

text: gospel

text: has

text: its

text: own

text: account

text: of

text: Jesus

text: last

text: words

text: seven

text: statements

text: altogether

text: In

text: the

text: Synoptic

text: Gospels

text: various

text: supernatural

text: events

text: accompany

text: the

text: crucifixion

text: including

text: darkness

text: an

text: earthquake

text: and

text: in

text: Matthew

text: the

text: resurrection

text: of

text: saints

text: Following

text: Jesus

text: death

text: his

text: body

text: was

text: removed

text: from

text: the

text: cross

text: by

text: Joseph

text: of

text: Arimathea

text: and

text: buried

text: in

text: a

text: rock

text: hewn

text: tomb

text: with

text: Nicodemus

text: assisting

question: What was Jesus offered to drink after his arrest?

answer: wine mixed with gall

text: wine mixed with gall

question: How many hours did Jesus endure Crucifixion?

answer: six hours

text: six hours

question: How many accounts are there of Jesus' last words?

answer: seven statements altogether

text: seven statements altogether

question: Who removed Jesus from the cross?

answer: Joseph of Arimathea

text: Joseph of Arimathea

question: What was offered to the two thieves to drink?

text: wine mixed with gall

question: Did the two thieves drink the wine or refuse it?

text: refused

question: How many statements did the two thieves make after being crucified?

text: seven

question: Where were the two thieves buried after they died from crucifixion?

text: in a rock-hewn tomb

question: Who was related to the two thieves that were crucified?

text: Nicodemus


text: But Amnesty International found no evidence that UNFPA had supported the coercion. A 2001 study conducted by the pro-life Population Research Institute (PRI) falsely claimed that the UNFPA shared an office with the Chinese family planning officials who were carrying out forced abortions. "We located the family planning offices, and in that family planning office, we located the UNFPA office, and we confirmed from family planning officials there that there is no distinction between what the UNFPA does and what the Chinese Family Planning Office does," said Scott Weinberg, a spokesman for PRI. However, United Nations Members disagreed and approved UNFPA’s new country program me in January 2006. The more than 130 members of the “Group of 77” developing countries in the United Nations expressed support for the UNFPA programmes. In addition, speaking for European democracies -- Norway, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Switzerland and Germany -- the United Kingdom stated, ”UNFPA’s activities in China, as in the rest of the world, are in strict conformity with the unanimously adopted Programme of Action of the ICPD, and play a key role in supporting our common endeavor, the promotion and protection of all human rights and fundamental freedoms.”

title: United_Nations_Population_Fund

title: United_Nations_Population_Fund

text: But

text: Amnesty

text: International

text: found

text: no

text: evidence

text: that

text: UNFPA

text: had

text: supported

text: the

text: coercion

text: A

text: study

text: conducted

text: by

text: the

text: pro

text: life

text: Population

text: Research

text: Institute

text: PRI

text: falsely

text: claimed

text: that

text: the

text: UNFPA

text: shared

text: an

text: office

text: with

text: the

text: Chinese

text: family

text: planning

text: officials

text: who

text: were

text: carrying

text: out

text: forced

text: abortions

text: We

text: located

text: the

text: family

text: planning

text: offices

text: and

text: in

text: that

text: family

text: planning

text: office

text: we

text: located

text: the

text: UNFPA

text: office

text: and

text: we

text: confirmed

text: from

text: family

text: planning

text: officials

text: there

text: that

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: distinction

text: between

text: what

text: the

text: UNFPA

text: does

text: and

text: what

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Family

text: Planning

text: Office

text: does

text: said

text: Scott

text: Weinberg

text: a

text: spokesman

text: for

text: PRI

text: However

text: United

text: Nations

text: Members

text: disagreed

text: and

text: approved

text: UNFPA

text: ’s

text: new

text: country

text: program

text: me

text: in

text: January

text: The

text: more

text: than

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Group

text: of

text: developing

text: countries

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: expressed

text: support

text: for

text: the

text: UNFPA

text: programmes

text: In

text: addition

text: speaking

text: for

text: European

text: democracies

text: Norway

text: Denmark

text: Sweden

text: Finland

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: France

text: Belgium

text: Switzerland

text: and

text: Germany

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: stated

text: UNFPA

text: ’s

text: activities

text: in

text: China

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: are

text: in

text: strict

text: conformity

text: with

text: the

text: unanimously

text: adopted

text: Programme

text: of

text: Action

text: of

text: the

text: ICPD

text: and

text: play

text: a

text: key

text: role

text: in

text: supporting

text: our

text: common

text: endeavor

text: the

text: promotion

text: and

text: protection

text: of

text: all

text: human

text: rights

text: and

text: fundamental

text: freedoms

question: What organization found no evidence that UNFPA had supported Chinese coercion?

answer: Amnesty International

text: Amnesty International

question: In 2001, what organization accused UNFPA of sharing office space with Chinese family planning officials?

answer: Population Research Institute

text: Population Research Institute

question: In January 2006, who approved UNFPA's new country programme?

answer: United Nations Members

text: United Nations Members

question: How many members does the “Group of 77” have?

answer: 130

question: Who, speaking for the European democracies, also defended UNFPA?

answer: the United Kingdom

text: the United Kingdom

question: What organization found plenty of evidence that UNFPA had supported Chinese coercion?

text: Amnesty International

question: How many members does the “Group of 44” have?

question: In January 2006, who destroyed UNFPA's new country programme?

text: United Nations Members

question: Who, speaking for the European democracies, also disliked UNFPA?

text: the United Kingdom

question: What organization was sharing office space with Chinese family planning officials in 2011?

text: Population Research Institute


text: In 2013–14 a pornographic actor was trying to remove archived images of himself, first by sending multiple DMCA requests to the Archive and then in the Federal Court of Canada.

title: Wayback_Machine

title: Wayback_Machine

text: In

text: a

text: pornographic

text: actor

text: was

text: trying

text: to

text: remove

text: archived

text: images

text: of

text: himself

text: first

text: by

text: sending

text: multiple

text: DMCA

text: requests

text: to

text: the

text: Archive

text: and

text: then

text: in

text: the

text: Federal

text: Court

text: of

text: Canada

question: What was the first method used by the actor in trying to get his images taken down?

answer: DMCA requests

text: DMCA requests

question: What legal system did the actor use after filing DMCA petitions?

answer: Federal Court of Canada

text: Federal Court of Canada

question: What was the first method used by the actor in trying to get the DMCA taken down?

text: DMCA requests

question: What legal actions did the actor use after filing pornographic images?

text: Federal Court of Canada

question: When did a pornographic actor send multiple requests to DMCA?

question: What was the DMCA trying to remove?

text: archived images

question: When was the DMCA trying to remove archived images?


text: One study showed that Czech and Slovak lexicons differed by 80 percent, but this high percentage was found to stem primarily from differing orthographies and slight inconsistencies in morphological formation; Slovak morphology is more regular (when changing from the nominative to the locative case, Praha becomes Praze in Czech and Prahe in Slovak). The two lexicons are generally considered similar, with most differences in colloquial vocabulary and some scientific terminology. Slovak has slightly more borrowed words than Czech.

title: Czech_language

title: Czech_language

text: One

text: study

text: showed

text: that

text: Czech

text: and

text: Slovak

text: lexicons

text: differed

text: by

text: percent

text: but

text: this

text: high

text: percentage

text: was

text: found

text: to

text: stem

text: primarily

text: from

text: differing

text: orthographies

text: and

text: slight

text: inconsistencies

text: in

text: morphological

text: formation

text: Slovak

text: morphology

text: is

text: more

text: regular

text: when

text: changing

text: from

text: the

text: nominative

text: to

text: the

text: locative

text: case

text: Praha

text: becomes

text: Praze

text: in

text: Czech

text: and

text: Prahe

text: in

text: Slovak

text: The

text: two

text: lexicons

text: are

text: generally

text: considered

text: similar

text: with

text: most

text: differences

text: in

text: colloquial

text: vocabulary

text: and

text: some

text: scientific

text: terminology

text: Slovak

text: has

text: slightly

text: more

text: borrowed

text: words

text: than

text: Czech

question: How much do the lexicons of Czech and Slovak differ, according to on study?

answer: by 80 percent

text: by 80 percent

question: What was the high percentage of differing lexicons found to derive from?

answer: differing orthographies and slight inconsistencies in morphological formation

text: differing orthographies and slight inconsistencies in morphological formation

question: When is Slovak morphology more regular than Czech?

answer: when changing from the nominative to the locative case

text: when changing from the nominative to the locative case

question: The most differences between Czech and Slovak can be found in colloquial vocabulary as well as what?

answer: some scientific terminology

text: some scientific terminology

question: What does Slovak have slightly more of than Czech?

answer: borrowed words

text: borrowed words

question: What  does Praha have more of than Prahe?

text: slightly more borrowed words

question: How many people speak Czech in Russia?

text: 80 percent

question: Why do 80% of people in Russia speak Czech?

question: Where can the most differences in Praha be found besides vocabulary?

text: some scientific terminology

question: When is Praha morphology more regular than scientific terminology?


text: At the start of John's reign there was a sudden change in prices, as bad harvests and high demand for food resulted in much higher prices for grain and animals. This inflationary pressure was to continue for the rest of the 13th century and had long-term economic consequences for England. The resulting social pressures were complicated by bursts of deflation that resulted from John's military campaigns. It was usual at the time for the king to collect taxes in silver, which was then re-minted into new coins; these coins would then be put in barrels and sent to royal castles around the country, to be used to hire mercenaries or to meet other costs. At those times when John was preparing for campaigns in Normandy, for example, huge quantities of silver had to be withdrawn from the economy and stored for months, which unintentionally resulted in periods during which silver coins were simply hard to come by, commercial credit difficult to acquire and deflationary pressure placed on the economy. The result was political unrest across the country. John attempted to address some of the problems with the English currency in 1204 and 1205 by carrying out a radical overhaul of the coinage, improving its quality and consistency.

title: John,_King_of_England

title: John,_King_of_England

text: At

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: John

text: 's

text: reign

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: sudden

text: change

text: in

text: prices

text: as

text: bad

text: harvests

text: and

text: high

text: demand

text: for

text: food

text: resulted

text: in

text: much

text: higher

text: prices

text: for

text: grain

text: and

text: animals

text: This

text: inflationary

text: pressure

text: was

text: to

text: continue

text: for

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: had

text: long

text: term

text: economic

text: consequences

text: for

text: England

text: The

text: resulting

text: social

text: pressures

text: were

text: complicated

text: by

text: bursts

text: of

text: deflation

text: that

text: resulted

text: from

text: John

text: 's

text: military

text: campaigns

text: It

text: was

text: usual

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: for

text: the

text: king

text: to

text: collect

text: taxes

text: in

text: silver

text: which

text: was

text: then

text: re

text: minted

text: into

text: new

text: coins

text: these

text: coins

text: would

text: then

text: be

text: put

text: in

text: barrels

text: and

text: sent

text: to

text: royal

text: castles

text: around

text: the

text: country

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: hire

text: mercenaries

text: or

text: to

text: meet

text: other

text: costs

text: At

text: those

text: times

text: when

text: John

text: was

text: preparing

text: for

text: campaigns

text: in

text: Normandy

text: for

text: example

text: huge

text: quantities

text: of

text: silver

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: withdrawn

text: from

text: the

text: economy

text: and

text: stored

text: for

text: months

text: which

text: unintentionally

text: resulted

text: in

text: periods

text: during

text: which

text: silver

text: coins

text: were

text: simply

text: hard

text: to

text: come

text: by

text: commercial

text: credit

text: difficult

text: to

text: acquire

text: and

text: deflationary

text: pressure

text: placed

text: on

text: the

text: economy

text: The

text: result

text: was

text: political

text: unrest

text: across

text: the

text: country

text: John

text: attempted

text: to

text: address

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: problems

text: with

text: the

text: English

text: currency

text: in

text: and

text: by

text: carrying

text: out

text: a

text: radical

text: overhaul

text: of

text: the

text: coinage

text: improving

text: its

text: quality

text: and

text: consistency

question: What happened at the start of John's reign?

answer: sudden change in prices

text: sudden change in prices

question: How long did the inflationary pressure continue?

answer: 13th century

text: 13th century

question: When did John address problems with the English currency?

answer: 1204 and 1205

text: 1204 and 1205

question: How did he address the problems with the English currency?

answer: carrying out a radical overhaul of the coinage

text: carrying out a radical overhaul of the coinage


text: From 1920, Eisenhower served under a succession of talented generals – Fox Conner, John J. Pershing, Douglas MacArthur and George Marshall. He first became executive officer to General Conner in the Panama Canal Zone, where, joined by Mamie, he served until 1924. Under Conner's tutelage, he studied military history and theory (including Carl von Clausewitz's On War), and later cited Conner's enormous influence on his military thinking, saying in 1962 that "Fox Conner was the ablest man I ever knew." Conner's comment on Eisenhower was, "[He] is one of the most capable, efficient and loyal officers I have ever met." On Conner's recommendation, in 1925–26 he attended the Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, where he graduated first in a class of 245 officers. He then served as a battalion commander at Fort Benning, Georgia, until 1927.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: From

text: Eisenhower

text: served

text: under

text: a

text: succession

text: of

text: talented

text: generals

text: Fox

text: Conner

text: John

text: J.

text: Pershing

text: Douglas

text: MacArthur

text: and

text: George

text: Marshall

text: He

text: first

text: became

text: executive

text: officer

text: to

text: General

text: Conner

text: in

text: the

text: Panama

text: Canal

text: Zone

text: where

text: joined

text: by

text: Mamie

text: he

text: served

text: until

text: Under

text: Conner

text: 's

text: tutelage

text: he

text: studied

text: military

text: history

text: and

text: theory

text: including

text: Carl

text: von

text: Clausewitz

text: 's

text: On

text: War

text: and

text: later

text: cited

text: Conner

text: 's

text: enormous

text: influence

text: on

text: his

text: military

text: thinking

text: saying

text: in

text: that

text: Fox

text: Conner

text: was

text: the

text: ablest

text: man

text: I

text: ever

text: knew

text: Conner

text: 's

text: comment

text: on

text: Eisenhower

text: was

text: He

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: capable

text: efficient

text: and

text: loyal

text: officers

text: I

text: have

text: ever

text: met

text: On

text: Conner

text: 's

text: recommendation

text: in

text: he

text: attended

text: the

text: Command

text: and

text: General

text: Staff

text: College

text: at

text: Fort

text: Leavenworth

text: Kansas

text: where

text: he

text: graduated

text: first

text: in

text: a

text: class

text: of

text: officers

text: He

text: then

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: battalion

text: commander

text: at

text: Fort

text: Benning

text: Georgia

text: until

question: What role did Eisenhower serve under Fox Conner?

answer: executive officer

text: executive officer

question: Where did Eisenhower serve under Conner?

answer: Panama Canal Zone

text: Panama Canal Zone

question: What notable military treatise was authored by von Clausewitz?

answer: On War

text: On War

question: During what period did Eisenhower attend the Command and General Staff College?

answer: 1925–26

question: How many people were in Eisenhower's class at the Command and General Staff College?

answer: 245


text: The Famicom contained no lockout hardware and, as a result, unlicensed cartridges (both legitimate and bootleg) were extremely common throughout Japan and the Far East. The original NES (but not the top-loading NES-101) contained the 10NES lockout chip, which significantly increased the challenges faced by unlicensed developers. Tinkerers at home in later years discovered that disassembling the NES and cutting the fourth pin of the lockout chip would change the chip’s mode of operation from "lock" to "key", removing all effects and greatly improving the console’s ability to play legal games, as well as bootlegs and converted imports. NES consoles sold in different regions had different lockout chips, so games marketed in one region would not work on consoles from another region. Known regions are: USA/Canada (3193 lockout chip), most of Europe (3195), Asia (3196) and UK, Italy and Australia (3197). Since two types of lockout chip were used in Europe, European NES game boxes often had an "A" or "B" letter on the front, indicating whether the game is compatible with UK/Italian/Australian consoles (A), or the rest of Europe (B). Rest-of-Europe games typically had text on the box stating "This game is not compatible with the Mattel or NES versions of the Nintendo Entertainment System". Similarly, UK/Italy/Australia games stated "This game is only compatible with the Mattel or NES versions of the Nintendo Entertainment System".

title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System

title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System

text: The

text: Famicom

text: contained

text: no

text: lockout

text: hardware

text: and

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: unlicensed

text: cartridges

text: both

text: legitimate

text: and

text: bootleg

text: were

text: extremely

text: common

text: throughout

text: Japan

text: and

text: the

text: Far

text: East

text: The

text: original

text: NES

text: but

text: not

text: the

text: top

text: loading

text: contained

text: the

text: lockout

text: chip

text: which

text: significantly

text: increased

text: the

text: challenges

text: faced

text: by

text: unlicensed

text: developers

text: Tinkerers

text: at

text: home

text: in

text: later

text: years

text: discovered

text: that

text: disassembling

text: the

text: NES

text: and

text: cutting

text: the

text: fourth

text: pin

text: of

text: the

text: lockout

text: chip

text: would

text: change

text: the

text: chip

text: ’s

text: mode

text: of

text: operation

text: from

text: lock

text: to

text: key

text: removing

text: all

text: effects

text: and

text: greatly

text: improving

text: the

text: console

text: ’s

text: ability

text: to

text: play

text: legal

text: games

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: bootlegs

text: and

text: converted

text: imports

text: NES

text: consoles

text: sold

text: in

text: different

text: regions

text: had

text: different

text: lockout

text: chips

text: so

text: games

text: marketed

text: in

text: one

text: region

text: would

text: not

text: work

text: on

text: consoles

text: from

text: another

text: region

text: Known

text: regions

text: are

text: USA

text: Canada

text: lockout

text: chip

text: most

text: of

text: Europe

text: Asia

text: and

text: UK

text: Italy

text: and

text: Australia

text: Since

text: two

text: types

text: of

text: lockout

text: chip

text: were

text: used

text: in

text: Europe

text: European

text: NES

text: game

text: boxes

text: often

text: had

text: an

text: A

text: or

text: B

text: letter

text: on

text: the

text: front

text: indicating

text: whether

text: the

text: game

text: is

text: compatible

text: with

text: UK

text: Italian

text: Australian

text: consoles

text: A

text: or

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: Europe

text: B

text: Rest

text: of

text: Europe

text: games

text: typically

text: had

text: text

text: on

text: the

text: box

text: stating

text: This

text: game

text: is

text: not

text: compatible

text: with

text: the

text: Mattel

text: or

text: NES

text: versions

text: of

text: the

text: Nintendo

text: Entertainment

text: System

text: Similarly

text: UK

text: Italy

text: Australia

text: games

text: stated

text: This

text: game

text: is

text: only

text: compatible

text: with

text: the

text: Mattel

text: or

text: NES

text: versions

text: of

text: the

text: Nintendo

text: Entertainment

text: System

question: What did the Famicom sorely lack?

answer: lockout hardware

text: lockout hardware

question: What was the lockout chip number for the USA and Canada?

answer: 3193

question: What was the lockout chip number for most of Europe, save the UK and Italy?

answer: 3195

question: What was the lockout chip number for Asia?

answer: 3196

question: What was the lockout chip number for UK, Italy, and Australia?

answer: 3197

question: What did the Famicom not lack?

text: lockout

question: What was the lockout chip number for the UK and Canada?

question: What wasn't the lockout chip number for most of Asia, save the UK and Italy?

question: What was the lockout chip number for South Africa?


text: All of the executions which have taken place since the 1936 hanging of Bethea in Owensboro have been conducted within a wall or enclosure. For example, Fred Adams was legally hanged in Kennett, Missouri, on April 2, 1937, within a 10-foot (3 m) wooden stockade. Roscoe "Red" Jackson was hanged within a stockade in Galena, Missouri, on May 26, 1937. Two Kentucky hangings were conducted after Galena in which numerous persons were present within a wooden stockade, that of John "Peter" Montjoy in Covington, Kentucky on December 17, 1937, and that of Harold Van Venison in Covington on June 3, 1938. An estimated 400 witnesses were present for the hanging of Lee Simpson in Ryegate, Montana, on December 30, 1939. The execution of Timothy McVeigh on June 11, 2001 was witnessed by some 300 people, some by closed-circuit television.

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

title: Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States

text: All

text: of

text: the

text: executions

text: which

text: have

text: taken

text: place

text: since

text: the

text: hanging

text: of

text: Bethea

text: in

text: Owensboro

text: have

text: been

text: conducted

text: within

text: a

text: wall

text: or

text: enclosure

text: For

text: example

text: Fred

text: Adams

text: was

text: legally

text: hanged

text: in

text: Kennett

text: Missouri

text: on

text: April

text: within

text: a

text: m

text: wooden

text: stockade

text: Roscoe

text: Red

text: Jackson

text: was

text: hanged

text: within

text: a

text: stockade

text: in

text: Galena

text: Missouri

text: on

text: May

text: Two

text: Kentucky

text: hangings

text: were

text: conducted

text: after

text: Galena

text: in

text: which

text: numerous

text: persons

text: were

text: present

text: within

text: a

text: wooden

text: stockade

text: that

text: of

text: John

text: Peter

text: Montjoy

text: in

text: Covington

text: Kentucky

text: on

text: December

text: and

text: that

text: of

text: Harold

text: Van

text: Venison

text: in

text: Covington

text: on

text: June

text: An

text: estimated

text: witnesses

text: were

text: present

text: for

text: the

text: hanging

text: of

text: Lee

text: Simpson

text: in

text: Ryegate

text: Montana

text: on

text: December

text: The

text: execution

text: of

text: Timothy

text: McVeigh

text: on

text: June

text: was

text: witnessed

text: by

text: some

text: people

text: some

text: by

text: closed

text: circuit

text: television

question: Where was Bethea hanged?

answer: Owensboro

text: Owensboro

question: On what date was Fred Adams hanged?

answer: April 2, 1937

text: April 2, 1937

question: In what state did the hanging of Adams take place?

answer: Missouri

text: Missouri

question: What was Roscoe Jackson's nickname?

answer: Red

text: Red

question: How many people witnessed Timothy McVeigh's execution?

answer: 300

question: Where was Bethea freed?

text: Owensboro

question: On what date was Fred Adams freed?

text: April 2, 1937

question: In what state did the freedom of Adams take place?

text: Missouri

question: What was Roscoe Jackson's birthdate?

text: May 26, 1937

question: How many people refused Timothy McVeigh's execution?


text: Modern font technology provides a means to address the practical issue of needing to depict a unified Han character in terms of a collection of alternative glyph representations, in the form of Unicode variation sequences. For example, the Advanced Typographic tables of OpenType permit one of a number of alternative glyph representations to be selected when performing the character to glyph mapping process. In this case, information can be provided within plain text to designate which alternate character form to select.

title: Unicode

title: Unicode

text: Modern

text: font

text: technology

text: provides

text: a

text: means

text: to

text: address

text: the

text: practical

text: issue

text: of

text: needing

text: to

text: depict

text: a

text: unified

text: Han

text: character

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: a

text: collection

text: of

text: alternative

text: glyph

text: representations

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: Unicode

text: variation

text: sequences

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: Advanced

text: Typographic

text: tables

text: of

text: OpenType

text: permit

text: one

text: of

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: alternative

text: glyph

text: representations

text: to

text: be

text: selected

text: when

text: performing

text: the

text: character

text: to

text: glyph

text: mapping

text: process

text: In

text: this

text: case

text: information

text: can

text: be

text: provided

text: within

text: plain

text: text

text: to

text: designate

text: which

text: alternate

text: character

text: form

text: to

text: select

question: what tables of OpenType allow permit the selection of alternative glyph representations?

answer: Advanced Typographic

text: Advanced Typographic

question: Where is information provided to designate which character form to select?

answer: plain text

text: plain text

question: How does modern font technology address the issue of depicting a Han character in alternate glyph representations?

answer: Unicode variation sequences

text: Unicode variation sequences

question: What has worsened the practical aspects of unification?

text: Modern font technology

question: What prevents OpenType from having alternative glyphs?

text: Advanced Typographic tables

question: What designates which alternate character to select?

text: plain text


text: By the end of the 12th century, Paris had become the political, economic, religious, and cultural capital of France. The Île de la Cité was the site of the royal palace. In 1163, during the reign of Louis VII, Maurice de Sully, bishop of Paris, undertook the construction of the Notre Dame Cathedral at its eastern extremity. The Left Bank was the site of the University of Paris, a corporation of students and teachers formed in the mid-12th century to train scholars first in theology, and later in canon law, medicine and the arts.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Paris

text: had

text: become

text: the

text: political

text: economic

text: religious

text: and

text: cultural

text: capital

text: of

text: France

text: The

text: Île

text: de

text: la

text: Cité

text: was

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: royal

text: palace

text: In

text: during

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: Louis

text: VII

text: Maurice

text: de

text: Sully

text: bishop

text: of

text: Paris

text: undertook

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: the

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: Cathedral

text: at

text: its

text: eastern

text: extremity

text: The

text: Left

text: Bank

text: was

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Paris

text: a

text: corporation

text: of

text: students

text: and

text: teachers

text: formed

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: train

text: scholars

text: first

text: in

text: theology

text: and

text: later

text: in

text: canon

text: law

text: medicine

text: and

text: the

text: arts

question: What was the site of the royal palace in the 12th century?

answer: Île de la Cité

text: Île de la Cité

question: Who was in charge of the construction of the Notre Dame Cathedral?

answer: Maurice de Sully

text: Maurice de Sully

question: Where was the University of Paris located?

answer: The Left Bank

text: The Left Bank

question: Under who's reign was the construction of Notre Dame Cathedral?

answer: Louis VII

text: Louis VII


text: Charleston's oldest community theater group, the Footlight Players, has provided theatrical productions since 1931. A variety of performing arts venues includes the historic Dock Street Theatre. The annual Charleston Fashion Week held each spring in Marion Square brings in designers, journalists, and clients from across the nation. Charleston is known for its local seafood, which plays a key role in the city's renowned cuisine, comprising staple dishes such as gumbo, she-crab soup, fried oysters, Lowcountry boil, deviled crab cakes, red rice, and shrimp and grits. Rice is the staple in many dishes, reflecting the rice culture of the Low Country. The cuisine in Charleston is also strongly influenced by British and French elements.

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

text: Charleston

text: 's

text: oldest

text: community

text: theater

text: group

text: the

text: Footlight

text: Players

text: has

text: provided

text: theatrical

text: productions

text: since

text: A

text: variety

text: of

text: performing

text: arts

text: venues

text: includes

text: the

text: historic

text: Dock

text: Street

text: Theatre

text: The

text: annual

text: Charleston

text: Fashion

text: Week

text: held

text: each

text: spring

text: in

text: Marion

text: Square

text: brings

text: in

text: designers

text: journalists

text: and

text: clients

text: from

text: across

text: the

text: nation

text: Charleston

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: local

text: seafood

text: which

text: plays

text: a

text: key

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: renowned

text: cuisine

text: comprising

text: staple

text: dishes

text: such

text: as

text: gumbo

text: she

text: crab

text: soup

text: fried

text: oysters

text: Lowcountry

text: boil

text: deviled

text: crab

text: cakes

text: red

text: rice

text: and

text: shrimp

text: and

text: grits

text: Rice

text: is

text: the

text: staple

text: in

text: many

text: dishes

text: reflecting

text: the

text: rice

text: culture

text: of

text: the

text: Low

text: Country

text: The

text: cuisine

text: in

text: Charleston

text: is

text: also

text: strongly

text: influenced

text: by

text: British

text: and

text: French

text: elements

question: What is Charleston's oldest community theater group?

answer: the Footlight Players

text: the Footlight Players

question: The Footlight Players  started creating theatrical productions in what year?

answer: 1931

question: Where is the  annual Charleston Fashion week held?

answer: Marion Square

text: Marion Square

question: Charleston is known for what type of food?

answer: seafood

text: seafood

question: Charleston cuisine is influenced by what two cultures?

answer: British and French

text: British and French

question: What is Charleston's newest community theater group?

text: the Footlight Players

question: The Footlight Players stopped creating theatrical productions in what year?

question: Where is the annual Charleston Fashion month held?

text: Marion Square

question: Charleston is unknown for what type of food?

text: seafood

question: Charleston cuisine is uninfluenced by what two cultures?

text: British and French


text: In 1824, the French physicist François Arago formulated the existence of rotating magnetic fields, termed Arago's rotations, which, by manually turning switches on and off, Walter Baily demonstrated in 1879 as in effect the first primitive induction motor.  In the 1880s, many inventors were trying to develop workable AC motors because AC's advantages in long-distance high-voltage transmission were counterbalanced by the inability to operate motors on AC. The first alternating-current commutatorless induction motors were independently invented by Galileo Ferraris and Nikola Tesla, a working motor model having been demonstrated by the former in 1885 and by the latter in 1887. In 1888, the Royal Academy of Science of Turin published Ferraris' research detailing the foundations of motor operation while however concluding that "the apparatus based on that principle could not be of any commercial importance as motor." In 1888, Tesla presented his paper A New System for Alternating Current Motors and Transformers to the AIEE that described three patented two-phase four-stator-pole motor types: one with a four-pole rotor forming a non-self-starting reluctance motor, another with a wound rotor forming a self-starting induction motor, and the third a true synchronous motor with separately excited DC supply to rotor winding. One of the patents Tesla filed in 1887, however, also described a shorted-winding-rotor induction motor. George Westinghouse promptly bought Tesla's patents, employed Tesla to develop them, and assigned C. F. Scott to help Tesla, Tesla left for other pursuits in 1889.  The constant speed AC induction motor was found not to be suitable for street cars but Westinghouse engineers successfully adapted it to power a mining operation in Telluride, Colorado in 1891. Steadfast in his promotion of three-phase development, Mikhail Dolivo-Dobrovolsky invented the three-phase cage-rotor induction motor in 1889 and the three-limb transformer in 1890. This type of motor is now used for the vast majority of commercial applications. However, he claimed that Tesla's motor was not practical because of two-phase pulsations, which prompted him to persist in his three-phase work. Although Westinghouse achieved its first practical induction motor in 1892 and developed a line of polyphase 60 hertz induction motors in 1893, these early Westinghouse motors were two-phase motors with wound rotors until B. G. Lamme developed a rotating bar winding rotor. The General Electric Company began developing three-phase induction motors in 1891. By 1896, General Electric and Westinghouse signed a cross-licensing agreement for the bar-winding-rotor design, later called the squirrel-cage rotor. Induction motor improvements flowing from these inventions and innovations were such that a 100 horsepower (HP) induction motor currently has the same mounting dimensions as a 7.5 HP motor in 1897.

title: Electric_motor

title: Electric_motor

text: In

text: the

text: French

text: physicist

text: François

text: Arago

text: formulated

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: rotating

text: magnetic

text: fields

text: termed

text: Arago

text: 's

text: rotations

text: which

text: by

text: manually

text: turning

text: switches

text: on

text: and

text: off

text: Walter

text: Baily

text: demonstrated

text: in

text: as

text: in

text: effect

text: the

text: first

text: primitive

text: induction

text: motor

text: In

text: the

text: many

text: inventors

text: were

text: trying

text: to

text: develop

text: workable

text: AC

text: motors

text: because

text: AC

text: 's

text: advantages

text: in

text: long

text: distance

text: high

text: voltage

text: transmission

text: were

text: counterbalanced

text: by

text: the

text: inability

text: to

text: operate

text: motors

text: on

text: AC

text: The

text: first

text: alternating

text: current

text: commutatorless

text: induction

text: motors

text: were

text: independently

text: invented

text: by

text: Galileo

text: Ferraris

text: and

text: Nikola

text: Tesla

text: a

text: working

text: motor

text: model

text: having

text: been

text: demonstrated

text: by

text: the

text: former

text: in

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: latter

text: in

text: In

text: the

text: Royal

text: Academy

text: of

text: Science

text: of

text: Turin

text: published

text: Ferraris

text: research

text: detailing

text: the

text: foundations

text: of

text: motor

text: operation

text: while

text: however

text: concluding

text: that

text: the

text: apparatus

text: based

text: on

text: that

text: principle

text: could

text: not

text: be

text: of

text: any

text: commercial

text: importance

text: as

text: motor

text: In

text: Tesla

text: presented

text: his

text: paper

text: A

text: New

text: System

text: for

text: Alternating

text: Current

text: Motors

text: and

text: Transformers

text: to

text: the

text: AIEE

text: that

text: described

text: three

text: patented

text: two

text: phase

text: four

text: stator

text: pole

text: motor

text: types

text: one

text: with

text: a

text: four

text: pole

text: rotor

text: forming

text: a

text: non

text: self

text: starting

text: reluctance

text: motor

text: another

text: with

text: a

text: wound

text: rotor

text: forming

text: a

text: self

text: starting

text: induction

text: motor

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: a

text: true

text: synchronous

text: motor

text: with

text: separately

text: excited

text: DC

text: supply

text: to

text: rotor

text: winding

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: patents

text: Tesla

text: filed

text: in

text: however

text: also

text: described

text: a

text: shorted

text: winding

text: rotor

text: induction

text: motor

text: George

text: Westinghouse

text: promptly

text: bought

text: Tesla

text: 's

text: patents

text: employed

text: Tesla

text: to

text: develop

text: them

text: and

text: assigned

text: C.

text: F.

text: Scott

text: to

text: help

text: Tesla

text: Tesla

text: left

text: for

text: other

text: pursuits

text: in

text: The

text: constant

text: speed

text: AC

text: induction

text: motor

text: was

text: found

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: suitable

text: for

text: street

text: cars

text: but

text: Westinghouse

text: engineers

text: successfully

text: adapted

text: it

text: to

text: power

text: a

text: mining

text: operation

text: in

text: Telluride

text: Colorado

text: in

text: Steadfast

text: in

text: his

text: promotion

text: of

text: three

text: phase

text: development

text: Mikhail

text: Dolivo

text: Dobrovolsky

text: invented

text: the

text: three

text: phase

text: cage

text: rotor

text: induction

text: motor

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: three

text: limb

text: transformer

text: in

text: This

text: type

text: of

text: motor

text: is

text: now

text: used

text: for

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: commercial

text: applications

text: However

text: he

text: claimed

text: that

text: Tesla

text: 's

text: motor

text: was

text: not

text: practical

text: because

text: of

text: two

text: phase

text: pulsations

text: which

text: prompted

text: him

text: to

text: persist

text: in

text: his

text: three

text: phase

text: work

text: Although

text: Westinghouse

text: achieved

text: its

text: first

text: practical

text: induction

text: motor

text: in

text: and

text: developed

text: a

text: line

text: of

text: polyphase

text: hertz

text: induction

text: motors

text: in

text: these

text: early

text: Westinghouse

text: motors

text: were

text: two

text: phase

text: motors

text: with

text: wound

text: rotors

text: until

text: B.

text: G.

text: Lamme

text: developed

text: a

text: rotating

text: bar

text: winding

text: rotor

text: The

text: General

text: Electric

text: Company

text: began

text: developing

text: three

text: phase

text: induction

text: motors

text: in

text: By

text: General

text: Electric

text: and

text: Westinghouse

text: signed

text: a

text: cross

text: licensing

text: agreement

text: for

text: the

text: bar

text: winding

text: rotor

text: design

text: later

text: called

text: the

text: squirrel

text: cage

text: rotor

text: Induction

text: motor

text: improvements

text: flowing

text: from

text: these

text: inventions

text: and

text: innovations

text: were

text: such

text: that

text: a

text: horsepower

text: HP

text: induction

text: motor

text: currently

text: has

text: the

text: same

text: mounting

text: dimensions

text: as

text: a

text: HP

text: motor

text: in

question: Who built the first induction motor?

answer: Walter Baily

text: Walter Baily

question: What type of power were early motors unable to use?

answer: AC

text: AC

question: Who bought Tesla's patents?

answer: George Westinghouse

text: George Westinghouse

question: For what application was Tesla's motor first used?

answer: mining

text: mining

question: What's another name for the bar-winding-rotor?

answer: squirrel-cage

text: squirrel-cage

question: Who built the second induction motor?

text: Walter Baily

question: What type of power were late motors unable to use?

text: AC

question: Who sold Tesla's patents?

text: Galileo Ferraris

question: For what application was Tesla's motor never used?

text: mining

question: What's not another name for the bar-winding-rotor?

text: squirrel-cage


text: As regards publication titles it is, however, a common typographic practice among both British and U.S. publishers to capitalise significant words (and in the United States, this is often applied to headings, too). This family of typographic conventions is usually called title case. For example, R. M. Ritter's Oxford Manual of Style (2002) suggests capitalising "the first word and all nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs and adverbs, but generally not articles, conjunctions and short prepositions". This is an old form of emphasis, similar to the more modern practice of using a larger or boldface font for titles. The rules for which words to capitalise are not based on any grammatically inherent correct/incorrect distinction and are not universally standardized; they are arbitrary and differ between style guides, although in most styles they tend to follow a few strong conventions, as follows:

title: Letter_case

title: Letter_case

text: As

text: regards

text: publication

text: titles

text: it

text: is

text: however

text: a

text: common

text: typographic

text: practice

text: among

text: both

text: British

text: and

text: U.S.

text: publishers

text: to

text: capitalise

text: significant

text: words

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: this

text: is

text: often

text: applied

text: to

text: headings

text: too

text: This

text: family

text: of

text: typographic

text: conventions

text: is

text: usually

text: called

text: title

text: case

text: For

text: example

text: R.

text: M.

text: Ritter

text: 's

text: Oxford

text: Manual

text: of

text: Style

text: suggests

text: capitalising

text: the

text: first

text: word

text: and

text: all

text: nouns

text: pronouns

text: adjectives

text: verbs

text: and

text: adverbs

text: but

text: generally

text: not

text: articles

text: conjunctions

text: and

text: short

text: prepositions

text: This

text: is

text: an

text: old

text: form

text: of

text: emphasis

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: more

text: modern

text: practice

text: of

text: using

text: a

text: larger

text: or

text: boldface

text: font

text: for

text: titles

text: The

text: rules

text: for

text: which

text: words

text: to

text: capitalise

text: are

text: not

text: based

text: on

text: any

text: grammatically

text: inherent

text: correct

text: incorrect

text: distinction

text: and

text: are

text: not

text: universally

text: standardized

text: they

text: are

text: arbitrary

text: and

text: differ

text: between

text: style

text: guides

text: although

text: in

text: most

text: styles

text: they

text: tend

text: to

text: follow

text: a

text: few

text: strong

text: conventions

text: as

text: follows

question: What is capitalization of significant words applied to in the United States besides titles?

answer: headings

text: headings

question: Capitalization of significant words refers to which family of typographic conventions?

answer: title case

text: title case

question: Which book of literature standards suggests capitalizing the first word and all nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, and adverbs?

answer: R. M. Ritter's Oxford Manual of Style

text: R. M. Ritter's Oxford Manual of Style

question: The use of bold fonts and capilization in titles falls under which unusual grammatical distinction?

answer: not universally standardized

text: not universally standardized


text: In 1260, control passed to the Mamluk sultans of Egypt. The country was located between the two centres of Mamluk power, Cairo and Damascus, and only saw some development along the postal road connecting the two cities. Jerusalem, although left without the protection of any city walls since 1219, also saw a flurry of new construction projects centred around the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound (the Temple Mount). In 1266 the Mamluk Sultan Baybars converted the Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron into an exclusive Islamic sanctuary and banned Christians and Jews from entering, which previously would be able to enter it for a fee. The ban remained in place until Israel took control of the building in 1967.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: In

text: control

text: passed

text: to

text: the

text: Mamluk

text: sultans

text: of

text: Egypt

text: The

text: country

text: was

text: located

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: centres

text: of

text: Mamluk

text: power

text: Cairo

text: and

text: Damascus

text: and

text: only

text: saw

text: some

text: development

text: along

text: the

text: postal

text: road

text: connecting

text: the

text: two

text: cities

text: Jerusalem

text: although

text: left

text: without

text: the

text: protection

text: of

text: any

text: city

text: walls

text: since

text: also

text: saw

text: a

text: flurry

text: of

text: new

text: construction

text: projects

text: centred

text: around

text: the

text: Al

text: Aqsa

text: Mosque

text: compound

text: the

text: Temple

text: Mount

text: In

text: the

text: Mamluk

text: Sultan

text: Baybars

text: converted

text: the

text: Cave

text: of

text: the

text: Patriarchs

text: in

text: Hebron

text: into

text: an

text: exclusive

text: Islamic

text: sanctuary

text: and

text: banned

text: Christians

text: and

text: Jews

text: from

text: entering

text: which

text: previously

text: would

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: enter

text: it

text: for

text: a

text: fee

text: The

text: ban

text: remained

text: in

text: place

text: until

text: Israel

text: took

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: building

text: in

question: When was control passed to the Mamluk sultans of Egypt?

answer: 1260

question: What two centres of Mamluk power was the country located?

answer: Cairo and Damascus

text: Cairo and Damascus

question: When did the Mamluk Sultan Baybars convert to the Cave of Patriarchs?

answer: 1266


text: The defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation.

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom

text: The

text: defence

text: estate

text: is

text: divided

text: as

text: training

text: areas

text: ranges

text: research

text: development

text: airfields

text: barracks

text: camps

text: storage

text: supply

text: depots

text: and

text: other

text: These

text: are

text: largely

text: managed

text: by

text: the

text: Defence

text: Infrastructure

text: Organisation

question: What percentage of the defence estate makes up training areas and ranges?

answer: 84.0%

question: What makes up the smallest portion of the defence estate?

answer: storage & supply depots

text: storage & supply depots

question: What percentage of the defence estate is taken up by airfields?

answer: (3.4%

question: Who manages the defence estate?

answer: Defence Infrastructure Organisation

text: Defence Infrastructure Organisation

question: Barracks and camps are what percentage of the defence estate?

answer: (2.5%

question: What organization do airfields manage?

text: the Defence Infrastructure Organisation

question: What percentage of storage and supply depots are part of airfields as the largest percentage?

question: What percentage of airfields are managed by training areas and ranges?

question: What percentage of barracks & camps are managed by airfields?

question: What percentage of research and development is managed by airfields?


text: In the simplest case, a single connection is established to an upstream ISP and is used to transmit data to or from areas of the Internet beyond the home network; this mode of interconnection is often cascaded multiple times until reaching a tier 1 carrier. In reality, the situation is often more complex. ISPs with more than one point of presence (PoP) may have separate connections to an upstream ISP at multiple PoPs, or they may be customers of multiple upstream ISPs and may have connections to each one of them at one or more point of presence. Transit ISPs provide large amounts of bandwidth for connecting hosting ISPs and access ISPs.

title: Internet_service_provider

title: Internet_service_provider

text: In

text: the

text: simplest

text: case

text: a

text: single

text: connection

text: is

text: established

text: to

text: an

text: upstream

text: ISP

text: and

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: transmit

text: data

text: to

text: or

text: from

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: Internet

text: beyond

text: the

text: home

text: network

text: this

text: mode

text: of

text: interconnection

text: is

text: often

text: cascaded

text: multiple

text: times

text: until

text: reaching

text: a

text: tier

text: carrier

text: In

text: reality

text: the

text: situation

text: is

text: often

text: more

text: complex

text: ISPs

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: one

text: point

text: of

text: presence

text: PoP

text: may

text: have

text: separate

text: connections

text: to

text: an

text: upstream

text: ISP

text: at

text: multiple

text: PoPs

text: or

text: they

text: may

text: be

text: customers

text: of

text: multiple

text: upstream

text: ISPs

text: and

text: may

text: have

text: connections

text: to

text: each

text: one

text: of

text: them

text: at

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: point

text: of

text: presence

text: Transit

text: ISPs

text: provide

text: large

text: amounts

text: of

text: bandwidth

text: for

text: connecting

text: hosting

text: ISPs

text: and

text: access

text: ISPs

question: What is the simplest case of an ISP using an upstream ISP?

answer: transmit data to or from areas of the Internet beyond the home network

text: transmit data to or from areas of the Internet beyond the home network

question: what do transit ISPs provide?

answer: large amounts of bandwidth for connecting hosting ISPs and access ISPs

text: large amounts of bandwidth for connecting hosting ISPs and access ISPs

question: A mode of interconnection is often cascaded multiple times until reaching what?

answer: a tier 1 carrier

text: a tier 1 carrier

question: What is a PoP?

answer: point of presence

text: point of presence

question: What provides bandwidth for the connecting of hosting ISPs and access ISPs?

answer: Transit ISPs

text: Transit ISPs

question: Who provides minimal amounts of bandwidth for connecting ISPs?

text: Transit ISPs

question: What is a point of protocol abbreviated as?

text: PoP

question: What has the same connection to an upstream ISP?

question: What transmits Internet within the home?

text: upstream ISP


text: Southampton has always been a port, and the docks have long been a major employer in the city. In particular, it is a port for cruise ships; its heyday was the first half of the 20th century, and in particular the inter-war years, when it handled almost half the passenger traffic of the UK. Today it remains home to luxury cruise ships, as well as being the largest freight port on the Channel coast and fourth largest UK port by tonnage, with several container terminals. Unlike some other ports, such as Liverpool, London, and Bristol, where industry and docks have largely moved out of the city centres leaving room for redevelopment, Southampton retains much of its inner-city industry. Despite the still active and expanding docklands to the west of the city centre, further enhanced with the opening of a fourth cruise terminal in 2009, parts of the eastern docks have been redeveloped; the Ocean Village development, which included a local marina and small entertainment complex, is a good example. Southampton is home to the headquarters of both the Maritime and Coastguard Agency and the Marine Accident Investigation Branch of the Department for Transport in addition to cruise operator Carnival UK.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: Southampton

text: has

text: always

text: been

text: a

text: port

text: and

text: the

text: docks

text: have

text: long

text: been

text: a

text: major

text: employer

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: In

text: particular

text: it

text: is

text: a

text: port

text: for

text: cruise

text: ships

text: its

text: heyday

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: in

text: particular

text: the

text: inter

text: war

text: years

text: when

text: it

text: handled

text: almost

text: half

text: the

text: passenger

text: traffic

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: Today

text: it

text: remains

text: home

text: to

text: luxury

text: cruise

text: ships

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: being

text: the

text: largest

text: freight

text: port

text: on

text: the

text: Channel

text: coast

text: and

text: fourth

text: largest

text: UK

text: port

text: by

text: tonnage

text: with

text: several

text: container

text: terminals

text: Unlike

text: some

text: other

text: ports

text: such

text: as

text: Liverpool

text: London

text: and

text: Bristol

text: where

text: industry

text: and

text: docks

text: have

text: largely

text: moved

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: centres

text: leaving

text: room

text: for

text: redevelopment

text: Southampton

text: retains

text: much

text: of

text: its

text: inner

text: city

text: industry

text: Despite

text: the

text: still

text: active

text: and

text: expanding

text: docklands

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: centre

text: further

text: enhanced

text: with

text: the

text: opening

text: of

text: a

text: fourth

text: cruise

text: terminal

text: in

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: eastern

text: docks

text: have

text: been

text: redeveloped

text: the

text: Ocean

text: Village

text: development

text: which

text: included

text: a

text: local

text: marina

text: and

text: small

text: entertainment

text: complex

text: is

text: a

text: good

text: example

text: Southampton

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: both

text: the

text: Maritime

text: and

text: Coastguard

text: Agency

text: and

text: the

text: Marine

text: Accident

text: Investigation

text: Branch

text: of

text: the

text: Department

text: for

text: Transport

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: cruise

text: operator

text: Carnival

text: UK

question: About how much of UK's passenger traffic did Southampton handle during the inter-war period?

answer: half

text: half

question: What kind of passenger ships make up a lot of the traffic in the port of Southampton?

answer: cruise ships

text: cruise ships

question: Going by what unit of measurement makes Southampton the fourth largest port in the UK?

answer: tonnage

text: tonnage

question: In what year did Southampton's fourth cruise terminal open in the western docklands?

answer: 2009

question: What branch of the Department for Transport has its headquarters in Southampton?

answer: Marine Accident Investigation Branch

text: Marine Accident Investigation Branch


text: Greece is the birthplace of the ancient Olympic Games, first recorded in 776 BC in Olympia, and hosted the modern Olympic Games twice, the inaugural 1896 Summer Olympics and the 2004 Summer Olympics. During the parade of nations Greece is always called first, as the founding nation of the ancient precursor of modern Olympics. The nation has competed at every Summer Olympic Games, one of only four countries to have done so. Having won a total of 110 medals (30 gold, 42 silver and 38 bronze), Greece is ranked 32nd by gold medals in the all-time Summer Olympic medal count. Their best ever performance was in the 1896 Summer Olympics, when Greece finished second in the medal table with 10 gold medals.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: Greece

text: is

text: the

text: birthplace

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: first

text: recorded

text: in

text: BC

text: in

text: Olympia

text: and

text: hosted

text: the

text: modern

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: twice

text: the

text: inaugural

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: and

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: During

text: the

text: parade

text: of

text: nations

text: Greece

text: is

text: always

text: called

text: first

text: as

text: the

text: founding

text: nation

text: of

text: the

text: ancient

text: precursor

text: of

text: modern

text: Olympics

text: The

text: nation

text: has

text: competed

text: at

text: every

text: Summer

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: four

text: countries

text: to

text: have

text: done

text: so

text: Having

text: won

text: a

text: total

text: of

text: medals

text: gold

text: silver

text: and

text: bronze

text: Greece

text: is

text: ranked

text: by

text: gold

text: medals

text: in

text: the

text: all

text: time

text: Summer

text: Olympic

text: medal

text: count

text: Their

text: best

text: ever

text: performance

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: Summer

text: Olympics

text: when

text: Greece

text: finished

text: second

text: in

text: the

text: medal

text: table

text: with

text: gold

text: medals

question: Greece is the birthplace of what sporting event?

answer: Olympic Games

text: Olympic Games

question: The first Olympic games was recorded in what year?

answer: 776 BC

text: 776 BC

question: Where were the first Olympic games in 775 BC held?

answer: Olympia

text: Olympia

question: During the Olympic parade of nations, who is always called first?

answer: Greece

text: Greece

question: What ranking does Greece hold in all-time summer Olympics gold medal count?

answer: 32nd


text: On September 20, 1963, in a speech before the United Nations General Assembly, President Kennedy proposed that the United States and the Soviet Union join forces in their efforts to reach the Moon. Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev initially rejected Kennedy's proposal.

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: On

text: September

text: in

text: a

text: speech

text: before

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: General

text: Assembly

text: President

text: Kennedy

text: proposed

text: that

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: join

text: forces

text: in

text: their

text: efforts

text: to

text: reach

text: the

text: Moon

text: Soviet

text: Premier

text: Nikita

text: Khrushchev

text: initially

text: rejected

text: Kennedy

text: 's

text: proposal

question: When did US President John F. Kennedy, in a speech, propose to join forces to reach the moon with the USSR?

answer: September 20, 1963

text: September 20, 1963


text: In May and June 1939, the King and Queen toured Canada and the United States. From Ottawa, the royal couple were accompanied throughout by Canadian Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King, to present themselves in North America as King and Queen of Canada. George was the first reigning monarch of Canada to visit North America, although he had been to Canada previously as Prince Albert and as Duke of York. Both Governor General of Canada Lord Tweedsmuir and Mackenzie King hoped that the King's presence in Canada would demonstrate the principles of the Statute of Westminster 1931, which gave full sovereignty to the British Dominions. On 19 May, George VI personally accepted and approved the Letter of Credence of the new U.S. Ambassador to Canada, Daniel Calhoun Roper; gave Royal Assent to nine parliamentary bills; and ratified two international treaties with the Great Seal of Canada. The official royal tour historian, Gustave Lanctot, wrote "the Statute of Westminster had assumed full reality" and George gave a speech emphasising "the free and equal association of the nations of the Commonwealth".

title: George_VI

title: George_VI

text: In

text: May

text: and

text: June

text: the

text: King

text: and

text: Queen

text: toured

text: Canada

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: From

text: Ottawa

text: the

text: royal

text: couple

text: were

text: accompanied

text: throughout

text: by

text: Canadian

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: William

text: Lyon

text: Mackenzie

text: King

text: to

text: present

text: themselves

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: as

text: King

text: and

text: Queen

text: of

text: Canada

text: George

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: reigning

text: monarch

text: of

text: Canada

text: to

text: visit

text: North

text: America

text: although

text: he

text: had

text: been

text: to

text: Canada

text: previously

text: as

text: Prince

text: Albert

text: and

text: as

text: Duke

text: of

text: York

text: Both

text: Governor

text: General

text: of

text: Canada

text: Lord

text: Tweedsmuir

text: and

text: Mackenzie

text: King

text: hoped

text: that

text: the

text: King

text: 's

text: presence

text: in

text: Canada

text: would

text: demonstrate

text: the

text: principles

text: of

text: the

text: Statute

text: of

text: Westminster

text: which

text: gave

text: full

text: sovereignty

text: to

text: the

text: British

text: Dominions

text: On

text: May

text: George

text: VI

text: personally

text: accepted

text: and

text: approved

text: the

text: Letter

text: of

text: Credence

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: U.S.

text: Ambassador

text: to

text: Canada

text: Daniel

text: Calhoun

text: Roper

text: gave

text: Royal

text: Assent

text: to

text: nine

text: parliamentary

text: bills

text: and

text: ratified

text: two

text: international

text: treaties

text: with

text: the

text: Great

text: Seal

text: of

text: Canada

text: The

text: official

text: royal

text: tour

text: historian

text: Gustave

text: Lanctot

text: wrote

text: the

text: Statute

text: of

text: Westminster

text: had

text: assumed

text: full

text: reality

text: and

text: George

text: gave

text: a

text: speech

text: emphasising

text: the

text: free

text: and

text: equal

text: association

text: of

text: the

text: nations

text: of

text: the

text: Commonwealth

question: Which two countries did the King and Queen tour in 1939?

answer: Canada and the United States

text: Canada and the United States

question: Who was the prime minister of Canada in 1939?

answer: William Lyon Mackenzie King

text: William Lyon Mackenzie King

question: What title was the king and queen presented with when touring Canada?

answer: King and Queen of Canada

text: King and Queen of Canada

question: What was Roper's position?

answer: U.S. Ambassador to Canada

text: U.S. Ambassador to Canada

question: What did the Statute of Westminster do?

answer: gave full sovereignty to the British Dominions

text: gave full sovereignty to the British Dominions


text: Over the years, various attempts have been made to synthesize a single Buddhist text that can encompass all of the major principles of Buddhism. In the Theravada tradition, condensed 'study texts' were created that combined popular or influential scriptures into single volumes that could be studied by novice monks. Later in Sri Lanka, the Dhammapada was championed as a unifying scripture.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Over

text: the

text: years

text: various

text: attempts

text: have

text: been

text: made

text: to

text: synthesize

text: a

text: single

text: Buddhist

text: text

text: that

text: can

text: encompass

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: principles

text: of

text: Buddhism

text: In

text: the

text: Theravada

text: tradition

text: condensed

text: study

text: texts

text: were

text: created

text: that

text: combined

text: popular

text: or

text: influential

text: scriptures

text: into

text: single

text: volumes

text: that

text: could

text: be

text: studied

text: by

text: novice

text: monks

text: Later

text: in

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: the

text: Dhammapada

text: was

text: championed

text: as

text: a

text: unifying

text: scripture

question: In Sri Lanka, what was determined to be the best unifying scripture?

answer: Dhammapada

text: Dhammapada

question: There have been attempts to create a single text with all the main ideas of what religion?

answer: Buddhism

text: Buddhism

question: condensed study texts where created in what tradition?

answer: Theravada

text: Theravada


text: In early 1757, Frederick II again took the initiative by marching into the Kingdom of Bohemia, hoping to inflict a decisive defeat on Austrian forces. After winning the bloody Battle of Prague on 6 May 1757, in which both forces suffered major casualties, the Prussians forced the Austrians back into the fortifications of Prague. The Prussian army then laid siege to the city. Following the battle at Prague, Frederick took 5,000 troops from the siege at Prague and sent them to reinforce the 19,000-man army under the Duke of Brunswick-Bevern at Kolin in Bohemia. Austrian Marshal Daun arrived too late to participate in the battle of Prague, but picked up 16,000 men who had escaped from the battle. With this army he slowly moved to relieve Prague. The Prussian army was too weak to simultaneously besiege Prague and keep Daun away, and Frederick was forced to attack prepared positions. The resulting Battle of Kolin was a sharp defeat for Frederick, his first military defeat. His losses further forced him to lift the siege and withdraw from Bohemia altogether.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: In

text: early

text: Frederick

text: II

text: again

text: took

text: the

text: initiative

text: by

text: marching

text: into

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Bohemia

text: hoping

text: to

text: inflict

text: a

text: decisive

text: defeat

text: on

text: Austrian

text: forces

text: After

text: winning

text: the

text: bloody

text: Battle

text: of

text: Prague

text: on

text: May

text: in

text: which

text: both

text: forces

text: suffered

text: major

text: casualties

text: the

text: Prussians

text: forced

text: the

text: Austrians

text: back

text: into

text: the

text: fortifications

text: of

text: Prague

text: The

text: Prussian

text: army

text: then

text: laid

text: siege

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: Following

text: the

text: battle

text: at

text: Prague

text: Frederick

text: took

text: troops

text: from

text: the

text: siege

text: at

text: Prague

text: and

text: sent

text: them

text: to

text: reinforce

text: the

text: army

text: under

text: the

text: Duke

text: of

text: Brunswick

text: Bevern

text: at

text: Kolin

text: in

text: Bohemia

text: Austrian

text: Marshal

text: Daun

text: arrived

text: too

text: late

text: to

text: participate

text: in

text: the

text: battle

text: of

text: Prague

text: but

text: picked

text: up

text: men

text: who

text: had

text: escaped

text: from

text: the

text: battle

text: With

text: this

text: army

text: he

text: slowly

text: moved

text: to

text: relieve

text: Prague

text: The

text: Prussian

text: army

text: was

text: too

text: weak

text: to

text: simultaneously

text: besiege

text: Prague

text: and

text: keep

text: Daun

text: away

text: and

text: Frederick

text: was

text: forced

text: to

text: attack

text: prepared

text: positions

text: The

text: resulting

text: Battle

text: of

text: Kolin

text: was

text: a

text: sharp

text: defeat

text: for

text: Frederick

text: his

text: first

text: military

text: defeat

text: His

text: losses

text: further

text: forced

text: him

text: to

text: lift

text: the

text: siege

text: and

text: withdraw

text: from

text: Bohemia

text: altogether

question: Where did the Austrians retreat in May of 1757?

answer: the fortifications of Prague

text: the fortifications of Prague

question: Who led the Prussian assault on Prague in 1757

answer: Frederick II

text: Frederick II

question: What were casualties like in the 1757 battle in Prague?

answer: both forces suffered major casualties

text: both forces suffered major casualties

question: Why did Frederick reduce his manpower at Prague?

answer: Frederick took 5,000 troops from the siege at Prague and sent them to reinforce the 19,000-man army under the Duke of Brunswick-Bevern at Kolin in Bohemia

text: Frederick took 5,000 troops from the siege at Prague and sent them to reinforce the 19,000-man army under the Duke of Brunswick-Bevern at Kolin in Bohemia

question: How did Austrian Marshall Daun reverse the situation at Prague?

answer: picked up 16,000 men who had escaped from the battle. With this army he slowly moved to relieve Prague.

text: picked up 16,000 men who had escaped from the battle. With this army he slowly moved to relieve Prague.


text: Mahayana Buddhism encourages everyone to become bodhisattvas and to take the bodhisattva vow, where the practitioner promises to work for the complete enlightenment of all beings by practicing the six pāramitās. According to Mahayana teachings, these perfections are: dāna, śīla, kṣanti, vīrya, dhyāna, and prajñā.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Mahayana

text: Buddhism

text: encourages

text: everyone

text: to

text: become

text: bodhisattvas

text: and

text: to

text: take

text: the

text: bodhisattva

text: vow

text: where

text: the

text: practitioner

text: promises

text: to

text: work

text: for

text: the

text: complete

text: enlightenment

text: of

text: all

text: beings

text: by

text: practicing

text: the

text: six

text: pāramitās

text: According

text: to

text: Mahayana

text: teachings

text: these

text: perfections

text: are

text: dāna

text: śīla

text: kṣanti

text: vīrya

text: dhyāna

text: and

text: prajñā

question: What buddhism encourages everyone to become bodhisattvas?

answer: Mahayana

text: Mahayana

question: What is the idea there the practitioner promises to work for the complete enlightenment of all beings by practicing the six paramitas?

answer: bodhisattva vow

text: bodhisattva vow

question: What are the six perfections under Mahayana teachings?

answer: dāna, śīla, kṣanti, vīrya, dhyāna, and prajñā

text: dāna, śīla, kṣanti, vīrya, dhyāna, and prajñā


text: After DNA replication is complete, the cell must physically separate the two copies of the genome and divide into two distinct membrane-bound cells.:18.2 In prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) this usually occurs via a relatively simple process called binary fission, in which each circular genome attaches to the cell membrane and is separated into the daughter cells as the membrane invaginates to split the cytoplasm into two membrane-bound portions. Binary fission is extremely fast compared to the rates of cell division in eukaryotes. Eukaryotic cell division is a more complex process known as the cell cycle; DNA replication occurs during a phase of this cycle known as S phase, whereas the process of segregating chromosomes and splitting the cytoplasm occurs during M phase.:18.1

title: Gene

title: Gene

text: After

text: DNA

text: replication

text: is

text: complete

text: the

text: cell

text: must

text: physically

text: separate

text: the

text: two

text: copies

text: of

text: the

text: genome

text: and

text: divide

text: into

text: two

text: distinct

text: membrane

text: bound

text: In

text: prokaryotes

text: bacteria

text: and

text: archaea

text: this

text: usually

text: occurs

text: via

text: a

text: relatively

text: simple

text: process

text: called

text: binary

text: fission

text: in

text: which

text: each

text: circular

text: genome

text: attaches

text: to

text: the

text: cell

text: membrane

text: and

text: is

text: separated

text: into

text: the

text: daughter

text: cells

text: as

text: the

text: membrane

text: invaginates

text: to

text: split

text: the

text: cytoplasm

text: into

text: two

text: membrane

text: bound

text: portions

text: Binary

text: fission

text: is

text: extremely

text: fast

text: compared

text: to

text: the

text: rates

text: of

text: cell

text: division

text: in

text: eukaryotes

text: Eukaryotic

text: cell

text: division

text: is

text: a

text: more

text: complex

text: process

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: cell

text: cycle

text: DNA

text: replication

text: occurs

text: during

text: a

text: phase

text: of

text: this

text: cycle

text: known

text: as

text: S

text: phase

text: whereas

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: segregating

text: chromosomes

text: and

text: splitting

text: the

text: cytoplasm

text: occurs

text: during

text: M

question: What is one thing the cell must do once DNA replication is compete?

answer: physically separate the two copies of the genome

text: physically separate the two copies of the genome

question: What is another thing the cell must do once DNA replication is complete?

answer: divide into two distinct membrane-bound cells

text: divide into two distinct membrane-bound cells

question: In binary fission, what shape is each genome?

answer: circular

text: circular

question: In binary fission. when does each genome separate into daughter cells?

answer: as the membrane invaginates to split the cytoplasm

text: as the membrane invaginates to split the cytoplasm

question: Compared to the rates of cell division in eukaryotes, with what speed does binary fission occur?

answer: extremely fast

text: extremely fast


text: Sacerdotalis caelibatus (Latin for "Of the celibate priesthood"), promulgated on 24 June 1967, defends the Catholic Church's tradition of priestly celibacy in the West. This encyclical was written in the wake of Vatican II, when the Catholic Church was questioning and revising many long-held practices. Priestly celibacy is considered a discipline rather than dogma, and some had expected that it might be relaxed. In response to these questions, the Pope reaffirms the discipline as a long-held practice with special importance in the Catholic Church. The encyclical Sacerdotalis caelibatus from 24 June 1967, confirms the traditional Church teaching, that celibacy is an ideal state and continues to be mandatory for Roman Catholic priests. Celibacy symbolizes the reality of the kingdom of God amid modern society. The priestly celibacy is closely linked to the sacramental priesthood. However, during his pontificate Paul VI was considered generous in permitting bishops to grant laicization of priests who wanted to leave the sacerdotal state, a position which was drastically reversed by John Paul II in 1980 and cemented in the 1983 Canon Law that only the pope can in exceptional circumstances grant laicization.

title: Pope_Paul_VI

title: Pope_Paul_VI

text: Sacerdotalis

text: caelibatus

text: Latin

text: for

text: Of

text: the

text: celibate

text: priesthood

text: promulgated

text: on

text: June

text: defends

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: 's

text: tradition

text: of

text: priestly

text: celibacy

text: in

text: the

text: West

text: This

text: encyclical

text: was

text: written

text: in

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: Vatican

text: II

text: when

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: was

text: questioning

text: and

text: revising

text: many

text: long

text: held

text: practices

text: Priestly

text: celibacy

text: is

text: considered

text: a

text: discipline

text: rather

text: than

text: dogma

text: and

text: some

text: had

text: expected

text: that

text: it

text: might

text: be

text: relaxed

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: these

text: questions

text: the

text: Pope

text: reaffirms

text: the

text: discipline

text: as

text: a

text: long

text: held

text: practice

text: with

text: special

text: importance

text: in

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: The

text: encyclical

text: Sacerdotalis

text: caelibatus

text: from

text: June

text: confirms

text: the

text: traditional

text: Church

text: teaching

text: that

text: celibacy

text: is

text: an

text: ideal

text: state

text: and

text: continues

text: to

text: be

text: mandatory

text: for

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: priests

text: Celibacy

text: symbolizes

text: the

text: reality

text: of

text: the

text: kingdom

text: of

text: God

text: amid

text: modern

text: society

text: The

text: priestly

text: celibacy

text: is

text: closely

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: sacramental

text: priesthood

text: However

text: during

text: his

text: pontificate

text: Paul

text: VI

text: was

text: considered

text: generous

text: in

text: permitting

text: bishops

text: to

text: grant

text: laicization

text: of

text: priests

text: who

text: wanted

text: to

text: leave

text: the

text: sacerdotal

text: state

text: a

text: position

text: which

text: was

text: drastically

text: reversed

text: by

text: John

text: Paul

text: II

text: in

text: and

text: cemented

text: in

text: the

text: Canon

text: Law

text: that

text: only

text: the

text: pope

text: can

text: in

text: exceptional

text: circumstances

text: grant

text: laicization

question: What is considered an ideal state for priests in the Catholic church?

answer: Celibacy

text: Celibacy

question: What is seen as symbolizing the reality of living in the modern world as Roman Catholic priest?

answer: Celibacy

text: Celibacy

question: What document  of 1967 promotes the church's stance of celibacy in the priesthood?

answer: Sacerdotalis caelibatus

text: Sacerdotalis caelibatus

question: What type of law locked down the Catholic church's stance on celibacy in the priesthood?

answer: Canon

text: Canon

question: In what year was Canon Law issued affirming celibacy in the priesthood?

answer: 1983