text: In 144 BC Emperor Jing abolished private minting in favor of central-government and commandery-level minting; he also introduced a new coin. Emperor Wu introduced another in 120 BC, but a year later he abandoned the ban liangs entirely in favor of the wuzhu (五銖) coin, weighing 3.2 g (0.11 oz). The wuzhu became China's standard coin until the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD). Its use was interrupted briefly by several new currencies introduced during Wang Mang's regime until it was reinstated in 40 AD by Emperor Guangwu.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: In

text: BC

text: Emperor

text: Jing

text: abolished

text: private

text: minting

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: central

text: government

text: and

text: commandery

text: level

text: minting

text: he

text: also

text: introduced

text: a

text: new

text: coin

text: Emperor

text: Wu

text: introduced

text: another

text: in

text: BC

text: but

text: a

text: year

text: later

text: he

text: abandoned

text: the

text: ban

text: liangs

text: entirely

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: the

text: wuzhu

text: 五銖

text: coin

text: weighing

text: g

text: oz

text: The

text: wuzhu

text: became

text: China

text: 's

text: standard

text: coin

text: until

text: the

text: Tang

text: dynasty

text: AD

text: Its

text: use

text: was

text: interrupted

text: briefly

text: by

text: several

text: new

text: currencies

text: introduced

text: during

text: Wang

text: Mang

text: 's

text: regime

text: until

text: it

text: was

text: reinstated

text: in

text: AD

text: by

text: Emperor

text: Guangwu

question: Who introduced new coinage in the year of 120 BC?

answer: Emperor Wu

text: Emperor Wu

question: What coin replaced the ban liangs after only a year of distribution?

answer: wuzhu

text: wuzhu

question: During what dynasty did the wuzhu stop being the standard coin?

answer: Tang dynasty

text: Tang dynasty

question: What was the mass of the wuzhu coin?

answer: 3.2 g

text: 3.2 g

question: What interrupted the use of the wuzhu coin during the reign of Wang Mang?

answer: several new currencies

text: several new currencies


text: The high points of this cultural creativity are magnificent architecture, sculpture, and painting. The Gupta period produced scholars such as Kalidasa, Aryabhata, Varahamihira, Vishnu Sharma, and Vatsyayana who made great advancements in many academic fields. The Gupta period marked a watershed of Indian culture: the Guptas performed Vedic sacrifices to legitimize their rule, but they also patronized Buddhism, which continued to provide an alternative to Brahmanical orthodoxy. The military exploits of the first three rulers – Chandragupta I, Samudragupta, and Chandragupta II - brought much of India under their leadership. Science and political administration reached new heights during the Gupta era. Strong trade ties also made the region an important cultural centre and established it as a base that would influence nearby kingdoms and regions in Burma, Sri Lanka, Maritime Southeast Asia, and Indochina. For these reasons, historian Dr.Barnett remarked:

title: History_of_India

title: History_of_India

text: The

text: high

text: points

text: of

text: this

text: cultural

text: creativity

text: are

text: magnificent

text: architecture

text: sculpture

text: and

text: painting

text: The

text: Gupta

text: period

text: produced

text: scholars

text: such

text: as

text: Kalidasa

text: Aryabhata

text: Varahamihira

text: Vishnu

text: Sharma

text: and

text: Vatsyayana

text: who

text: made

text: great

text: advancements

text: in

text: many

text: academic

text: fields

text: The

text: Gupta

text: period

text: marked

text: a

text: watershed

text: of

text: Indian

text: culture

text: the

text: Guptas

text: performed

text: Vedic

text: sacrifices

text: to

text: legitimize

text: their

text: rule

text: but

text: they

text: also

text: patronized

text: Buddhism

text: which

text: continued

text: to

text: provide

text: an

text: alternative

text: to

text: Brahmanical

text: orthodoxy

text: The

text: military

text: exploits

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: three

text: rulers

text: Chandragupta

text: I

text: Samudragupta

text: and

text: Chandragupta

text: II

text: brought

text: much

text: of

text: India

text: under

text: their

text: leadership

text: Science

text: and

text: political

text: administration

text: reached

text: new

text: heights

text: during

text: the

text: Gupta

text: era

text: Strong

text: trade

text: ties

text: also

text: made

text: the

text: region

text: an

text: important

text: cultural

text: centre

text: and

text: established

text: it

text: as

text: a

text: base

text: that

text: would

text: influence

text: nearby

text: kingdoms

text: and

text: regions

text: in

text: Burma

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: Maritime

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: and

text: Indochina

text: For

text: these

text: reasons

text: historian

text: Dr

text: Barnett

text: remarked

question: What did the Guptas promote in their reigns?

answer: Indian culture

text: Indian culture

question: Besides the Vedic practices, what other religion did the Guptas patronize?

answer: Buddhism

text: Buddhism

question: What Guptas brought much of India under Gupta rule?

answer: first three rulers

text: first three rulers

question: What business activity made the Gupta Empire prominent in India?

answer: Strong trade ties

text: Strong trade ties

question: What did the Gupta Empires trade ties influence?

answer: nearby kingdoms

text: nearby kingdoms


text: Paris' manufacturing is mostly focused in its suburbs, and the city itself has only around 75,000 manufacturing workers, most of which are in the textile, clothing, leather goods and shoe trades. Paris region manufacturing specialises in transportation, mainly automobiles, aircraft and trains, but this is in a sharp decline: Paris proper manufacturing jobs dropped by 64 percent between 1990 and 2010, and the Paris region lost 48 percent during the same period. Most of this is due to companies relocating outside the Paris region. The Paris region's 800 aerospace companies employed 100,000. Four hundred automobile industry companies employ another 100,000 workers: many of these are centred in the Yvelines department around the Renault and PSA-Citroen plants (this department alone employs 33,000), but the industry as a whole suffered a major loss with the 2014 closing of a major Aulnay-sous-Bois Citroen assembly plant.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: Paris

text: manufacturing

text: is

text: mostly

text: focused

text: in

text: its

text: suburbs

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: itself

text: has

text: only

text: around

text: manufacturing

text: workers

text: most

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: textile

text: clothing

text: leather

text: goods

text: and

text: shoe

text: trades

text: Paris

text: region

text: manufacturing

text: specialises

text: in

text: transportation

text: mainly

text: automobiles

text: aircraft

text: and

text: trains

text: but

text: this

text: is

text: in

text: a

text: sharp

text: decline

text: Paris

text: proper

text: manufacturing

text: jobs

text: dropped

text: by

text: percent

text: between

text: and

text: and

text: the

text: Paris

text: region

text: lost

text: percent

text: during

text: the

text: same

text: period

text: Most

text: of

text: this

text: is

text: due

text: to

text: companies

text: relocating

text: outside

text: the

text: Paris

text: region

text: The

text: Paris

text: region

text: 's

text: aerospace

text: companies

text: employed

text: Four

text: hundred

text: automobile

text: industry

text: companies

text: employ

text: another

text: workers

text: many

text: of

text: these

text: are

text: centred

text: in

text: the

text: Yvelines

text: department

text: around

text: the

text: Renault

text: and

text: PSA

text: Citroen

text: plants

text: this

text: department

text: alone

text: employs

text: but

text: the

text: industry

text: as

text: a

text: whole

text: suffered

text: a

text: major

text: loss

text: with

text: the

text: closing

text: of

text: a

text: major

text: Aulnay

text: sous

text: Bois

text: Citroen

text: assembly

text: plant

question: How many manufacturing workers does Paris have?

answer: 75,000

question: What does Paris region manufacturing specialize in?

answer: transportation

text: transportation

question: How much of a drop was there in manufacturing jobs between 1990 and 2010?

answer: 64

question: How many people does the Paris regions aerospace companies employ?

answer: 100,000

question: The closing of what plant in 20147 caused a major loss to the automobile industry?

answer: Aulnay-sous-Bois Citroen

text: Aulnay-sous-Bois Citroen


text: In November, Seattle averages more rainfall than any other U.S. city of more than 250,000 people; it also ranks highly in winter precipitation. Conversely, the city receives some of the lowest precipitation amounts of any large city from June to September. Seattle is one of the five rainiest major U.S. cities as measured by the number of days with precipitation, and it receives some of the lowest amounts of annual sunshine among major cities in the lower 48 states, along with some cities in the Northeast, Ohio and Michigan. Thunderstorms are rare, as the city reports thunder on just seven days per year. By comparison, Fort Myers, Florida reports thunder on 93 days per year, Kansas City on 52, and New York City on 25.

title: Seattle

title: Seattle

text: In

text: November

text: Seattle

text: averages

text: more

text: rainfall

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: U.S.

text: city

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: people

text: it

text: also

text: ranks

text: highly

text: in

text: winter

text: precipitation

text: Conversely

text: the

text: city

text: receives

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: lowest

text: precipitation

text: amounts

text: of

text: any

text: large

text: city

text: from

text: June

text: to

text: September

text: Seattle

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: five

text: rainiest

text: major

text: U.S.

text: cities

text: as

text: measured

text: by

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: days

text: with

text: precipitation

text: and

text: it

text: receives

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: lowest

text: amounts

text: of

text: annual

text: sunshine

text: among

text: major

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: lower

text: states

text: along

text: with

text: some

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: Northeast

text: Ohio

text: and

text: Michigan

text: Thunderstorms

text: are

text: rare

text: as

text: the

text: city

text: reports

text: thunder

text: on

text: just

text: seven

text: days

text: per

text: year

text: By

text: comparison

text: Fort

text: Myers

text: Florida

text: reports

text: thunder

text: on

text: days

text: per

text: year

text: Kansas

text: City

text: on

text: and

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: on

question: During which month does Seattle get more precipitation than other US cities?

answer: November

text: November

question: When does Seattle get it lowest levels of precipitation?

answer: June to September

text: June to September

question: In the lower 48 states, which city receives some of the least sunny days that any other?

answer: Seattle

text: Seattle

question: What weather feature is highly unusual in Seattle?

answer: Thunderstorms

text: Thunderstorms

question: About how many days a year is thunder a reported weather event in Seattle?

answer: seven

text: seven


text: The first use of asphalt/bitumen in the New World was by indigenous peoples. On the west coast, as early as the 13th century, the Tongva, Luiseño and Chumash peoples collected the naturally occurring asphalt/bitumen that seeped to the surface above underlying petroleum deposits. All three used the substance as an adhesive. It is found on many different artifacts of tools and ceremonial items. For example, it was used on rattles to adhere gourds or turtle shells to rattle handles. It was also used in decorations. Small round shell beads were often set in asphaltum to provide decorations. It was used as a sealant on baskets to make them watertight for carrying water. Asphaltum was used also to seal the planks on ocean-going canoes.

title: Asphalt

title: Asphalt

text: The

text: first

text: use

text: of

text: asphalt

text: bitumen

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: World

text: was

text: by

text: indigenous

text: peoples

text: On

text: the

text: west

text: coast

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: Tongva

text: Luiseño

text: and

text: Chumash

text: peoples

text: collected

text: the

text: naturally

text: occurring

text: asphalt

text: bitumen

text: that

text: seeped

text: to

text: the

text: surface

text: above

text: underlying

text: petroleum

text: deposits

text: All

text: three

text: used

text: the

text: substance

text: as

text: an

text: adhesive

text: It

text: is

text: found

text: on

text: many

text: different

text: artifacts

text: of

text: tools

text: and

text: ceremonial

text: items

text: For

text: example

text: it

text: was

text: used

text: on

text: rattles

text: to

text: adhere

text: gourds

text: or

text: turtle

text: shells

text: to

text: rattle

text: handles

text: It

text: was

text: also

text: used

text: in

text: decorations

text: Small

text: round

text: shell

text: beads

text: were

text: often

text: set

text: in

text: asphaltum

text: to

text: provide

text: decorations

text: It

text: was

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: sealant

text: on

text: baskets

text: to

text: make

text: them

text: watertight

text: for

text: carrying

text: water

text: Asphaltum

text: was

text: used

text: also

text: to

text: seal

text: the

text: planks

text: on

text: ocean

text: going

text: canoes

question: What group initially made use of asphalt?

answer: indigenous peoples

text: indigenous peoples

question: For what purpose did American Indians use asphalt?

answer: adhesive

text: adhesive

question: What sort of deposits does asphalt overlay?

answer: petroleum

text: petroleum

question: What would early users of asphalt want to achieve by putting it on baskets?

answer: watertight

text: watertight

question: On what type of boat was asphalt used to seal planks?

answer: canoes

text: canoes

question: The foreign people were the first to use what in the New World?

text: asphalt/bitumen

question: What group was the first to use shell beads?

text: indigenous peoples

question: What was used on shell beads to adhere gourds?

text: asphalt/bitumen

question: What was used on turtle shells to provide decorations?

text: Small round shell beads

question: What was used on turtle shells as a sealant?

text: asphalt/bitumen


text: Various industrial businesses are located in Hannover. The Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Transporter (VWN) factory at Hannover-Stöcken is the biggest employer in the region and operates a huge plant at the northern edge of town adjoining the Mittellandkanal and Motorway A2. Jointly with a factory of German tire and automobile parts manufacturer Continental AG, they have a coal-burning power plant. Continental AG, founded in Hanover in 1871, is one of the city's major companies, as is Sennheiser. Since 2008 a take-over is in progress: the Schaeffler Group from Herzogenaurach (Bavaria) holds the majority of the stock but were required due to the financial crisis to deposit the options as securities at banks. TUI AG has its HQ in Hanover. Hanover is home to many insurance companies, many of which operate only in Germany. One major global reinsurance company is Hannover Re, whose headquarters are east of the city centre.

title: Hanover

title: Hanover

text: Various

text: industrial

text: businesses

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: Hannover

text: The

text: Volkswagen

text: Commercial

text: Vehicles

text: Transporter

text: VWN

text: factory

text: at

text: Hannover

text: Stöcken

text: is

text: the

text: biggest

text: employer

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: and

text: operates

text: a

text: huge

text: plant

text: at

text: the

text: northern

text: edge

text: of

text: town

text: adjoining

text: the

text: Mittellandkanal

text: and

text: Motorway

text: Jointly

text: with

text: a

text: factory

text: of

text: German

text: tire

text: and

text: automobile

text: parts

text: manufacturer

text: Continental

text: AG

text: they

text: have

text: a

text: coal

text: burning

text: power

text: plant

text: Continental

text: AG

text: founded

text: in

text: Hanover

text: in

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: major

text: companies

text: as

text: is

text: Sennheiser

text: Since

text: a

text: take

text: over

text: is

text: in

text: progress

text: the

text: Schaeffler

text: Group

text: from

text: Herzogenaurach

text: Bavaria

text: holds

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: stock

text: but

text: were

text: required

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: financial

text: crisis

text: to

text: deposit

text: the

text: options

text: as

text: securities

text: at

text: banks

text: TUI

text: AG

text: has

text: its

text: HQ

text: in

text: Hanover

text: Hanover

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: many

text: insurance

text: companies

text: many

text: of

text: which

text: operate

text: only

text: in

text: Germany

text: One

text: major

text: global

text: reinsurance

text: company

text: is

text: Hannover

text: Re

text: whose

text: headquarters

text: are

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: centre

question: What does VWN stand for?

answer: Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Transporter

text: Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles Transporter

question: What part of town is the plant owned by VWN located in?

answer: northern edge of town

text: northern edge of town

question: Which company was founded in Hanover in 1871?

answer: Continental AG

text: Continental AG

question: Where does TUI AG host their headquarters?

answer: Hanover

text: Hanover

question: Which major global reinsurance company has their headquarters east of the city center?

answer: Hannover Re

text: Hannover Re

question: What is the only industrial business located in Hanover?

question: What is the biggest employer in Europe?

question: Who has a gas burning power plant?

text: Continental AG

question: Who holds minority stock in Continental AG?

text: the Schaeffler Group

question: What types of company does Hanover have that operate around the world?

text: insurance companies


text: Oklahoma City also has several major national and state highways within its city limits. Shields Boulevard (US-77) continues from E.K. Gaylord Boulevard in downtown Oklahoma City and runs south eventually connecting to I-35 near the suburb of Moore. Northwest Expressway (Oklahoma State Highway 3) runs from North Classen Boulevard in north-central Oklahoma City to the northwestern suburbs.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: also

text: has

text: several

text: major

text: national

text: and

text: state

text: highways

text: within

text: its

text: city

text: limits

text: Shields

text: Boulevard

text: continues

text: from

text: E.K.

text: Gaylord

text: Boulevard

text: in

text: downtown

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: and

text: runs

text: south

text: eventually

text: connecting

text: to

text: near

text: the

text: suburb

text: of

text: Moore

text: Northwest

text: Expressway

text: Oklahoma

text: State

text: Highway

text: runs

text: from

text: North

text: Classen

text: Boulevard

text: in

text: north

text: central

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: to

text: the

text: northwestern

text: suburbs

question: What boulevard turns into E.K Gaylord Boulevard?

answer: Shields Boulevard

text: Shields Boulevard


text: The remaining group, people born in foreign countries with no French citizenship at birth, are those defined as immigrants under French law. According to the 2012 census, 135,853 residents of the city of Paris were immigrants from Europe, 112,369 were immigrants from the Maghreb, 70,852 from sub-Saharan Africa and Egypt, 5,059 from Turkey, 91,297 from Asia (outside Turkey), 38,858 from the Americas, and 1,365 from the South Pacific. Note that the immigrants from the Americas and the South Pacific in Paris are vastly outnumbered by migrants from French overseas regions and territories located in these regions of the world.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: The

text: remaining

text: group

text: people

text: born

text: in

text: foreign

text: countries

text: with

text: no

text: French

text: citizenship

text: at

text: birth

text: are

text: those

text: defined

text: as

text: immigrants

text: under

text: French

text: law

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: census

text: residents

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Paris

text: were

text: immigrants

text: from

text: Europe

text: were

text: immigrants

text: from

text: the

text: Maghreb

text: from

text: sub

text: Saharan

text: Africa

text: and

text: Egypt

text: from

text: Turkey

text: from

text: Asia

text: outside

text: Turkey

text: from

text: the

text: Americas

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: South

text: Pacific

text: Note

text: that

text: the

text: immigrants

text: from

text: the

text: Americas

text: and

text: the

text: South

text: Pacific

text: in

text: Paris

text: are

text: vastly

text: outnumbered

text: by

text: migrants

text: from

text: French

text: overseas

text: regions

text: and

text: territories

text: located

text: in

text: these

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: world

question: How many immigrants were in Paris in 2012 from Europe?

answer: 135,853

question: How many immigrants to Paris in 2012 were from the Maghreb?

answer: 112,369

question: How many immigrants in Paris in 2012 were from sub-Saharan Africa and Egypt?

answer: 70,852

question: How many Asians immigrated to Paris in 2012?

answer: 91,297


text: It is speculated by some archaeologists that Sumerian speakers were farmers who moved down from the north, after perfecting irrigation agriculture there. The Ubaid pottery of southern Mesopotamia has been connected via Choga Mami transitional ware to the pottery of the Samarra period culture (c. 5700 – 4900 BC C-14) in the north, who were the first to practice a primitive form of irrigation agriculture along the middle Tigris River and its tributaries. The connection is most clearly seen at Tell Awayli (Oueilli, Oueili) near Larsa, excavated by the French in the 1980s, where eight levels yielded pre-Ubaid pottery resembling Samarran ware. According to this theory, farming peoples spread down into southern Mesopotamia because they had developed a temple-centered social organization for mobilizing labor and technology for water control, enabling them to survive and prosper in a difficult environment.[citation needed]

title: Sumer

title: Sumer

text: It

text: is

text: speculated

text: by

text: some

text: archaeologists

text: that

text: Sumerian

text: speakers

text: were

text: farmers

text: who

text: moved

text: down

text: from

text: the

text: north

text: after

text: perfecting

text: irrigation

text: agriculture

text: there

text: The

text: Ubaid

text: pottery

text: of

text: southern

text: Mesopotamia

text: has

text: been

text: connected

text: via

text: Choga

text: Mami

text: transitional

text: ware

text: to

text: the

text: pottery

text: of

text: the

text: Samarra

text: period

text: culture

text: c.

text: BC

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: who

text: were

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: practice

text: a

text: primitive

text: form

text: of

text: irrigation

text: agriculture

text: along

text: the

text: middle

text: Tigris

text: River

text: and

text: its

text: tributaries

text: The

text: connection

text: is

text: most

text: clearly

text: seen

text: at

text: Tell

text: Awayli

text: Oueilli

text: Oueili

text: near

text: Larsa

text: excavated

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: in

text: the

text: where

text: eight

text: levels

text: yielded

text: pre

text: Ubaid

text: pottery

text: resembling

text: Samarran

text: ware

text: According

text: to

text: this

text: theory

text: farming

text: peoples

text: spread

text: down

text: into

text: southern

text: Mesopotamia

text: because

text: they

text: had

text: developed

text: a

text: temple

text: centered

text: social

text: organization

text: for

text: mobilizing

text: labor

text: and

text: technology

text: for

text: water

text: control

text: enabling

text: them

text: to

text: survive

text: and

text: prosper

text: in

text: a

text: difficult

text: environment.[citation

text: needed

question: Where do some archaeologists speculate Sumerians originally moved from?

answer: the north

text: the north

question: What had the Sumerians perfected before coming south?

answer: irrigation agriculture

text: irrigation agriculture

question: Who were the first to practice a primitive form of irrigation agriculture?

answer: the Samarra

text: the Samarra

question: How many levels of pre-Ubaid pottery were excavated by the French in the 1980s?

answer: eight

text: eight

question: What did the temple-centered social organization of the farming peoples allow them to mobilize?

answer: labor

text: labor

question: Who perfected irrigation in the south of Mesopotamia?

text: Sumerian

question: Who moved from south Mesopotamia to the north?

text: Sumerian

question: What cultural period began in the 57th century BC?

text: Samarra period culture

question: What type of agriculture was developed along the Euphrates river?

text: irrigation agriculture


text: In 2006, the animal rights organization People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), criticized Beyoncé for wearing and using fur in her clothing line House of Deréon. In 2011, she appeared on the cover of French fashion magazine L'Officiel, in blackface and tribal makeup that drew criticism from the media. A statement released from a spokesperson for the magazine said that Beyoncé's look was "far from the glamorous Sasha Fierce" and that it was "a return to her African roots".

title: Beyoncé

title: Beyoncé

text: In

text: the

text: animal

text: rights

text: organization

text: People

text: for

text: the

text: Ethical

text: Treatment

text: of

text: Animals

text: PETA

text: criticized

text: Beyoncé

text: for

text: wearing

text: and

text: using

text: fur

text: in

text: her

text: clothing

text: line

text: House

text: of

text: Deréon

text: In

text: she

text: appeared

text: on

text: the

text: cover

text: of

text: French

text: fashion

text: magazine

text: L'Officiel

text: in

text: blackface

text: and

text: tribal

text: makeup

text: that

text: drew

text: criticism

text: from

text: the

text: media

text: A

text: statement

text: released

text: from

text: a

text: spokesperson

text: for

text: the

text: magazine

text: said

text: that

text: Beyoncé

text: 's

text: look

text: was

text: far

text: from

text: the

text: glamorous

text: Sasha

text: Fierce

text: and

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: a

text: return

text: to

text: her

text: African

text: roots

question: Beyonce has a clothing line known as what?

answer: House of Deréon

text: House of Deréon

question: Which French magazine did Beyonce show up on the cover of?

answer: L'Officiel

text: L'Officiel

question: Beyonce was seen wearing what on the french magazine that caused controversy?

answer: blackface and tribal makeup

text: blackface and tribal makeup

question: Which year did PETA spark controversy with Beyonce?

answer: 2006

question: What did PETA criticize Beyonce for in 2006?

answer: for wearing and using fur

text: for wearing and using fur

question: What French Magazine cover did the media criticize?

answer: L'Officiel

text: L'Officiel

question: How was she dressed on the cover of L'Officiel?

answer: in blackface and tribal makeup

text: in blackface and tribal makeup

question: What French magazine did Beyoncé appear in wearing blackface and tribal makeup?

answer: L'Officiel

text: L'Officiel

question: What clothing line of Beyoncé drew PETA criticism?

answer: House of Deréon.

text: House of Deréon.

question: What type of magazine is L'Officiel?

answer: French fashion magazine

text: French fashion magazine


text: The administration of justice was of particular importance to John. Several new processes had been introduced to English law under Henry II, including novel disseisin and mort d'ancestor. These processes meant the royal courts had a more significant role in local law cases, which had previously been dealt with only by regional or local lords. John increased the professionalism of local sergeants and bailiffs, and extended the system of coroners first introduced by Hubert Walter in 1194, creating a new class of borough coroners. John worked extremely hard to ensure that this system operated well, through judges he had appointed, by fostering legal specialists and expertise, and by intervening in cases himself. John continued to try relatively minor cases, even during military crises. Viewed positively, Lewis Warren considers that John discharged "his royal duty of providing justice ... with a zeal and a tirelessness to which the English common law is greatly endebted". Seen more critically, John may have been motivated by the potential of the royal legal process to raise fees, rather than a desire to deliver simple justice; John's legal system also only applied to free men, rather than to all of the population. Nonetheless, these changes were popular with many free tenants, who acquired a more reliable legal system that could bypass the barons, against whom such cases were often brought. John's reforms were less popular with the barons themselves, especially as they remained subject to arbitrary and frequently vindictive royal justice.

title: John,_King_of_England

title: John,_King_of_England

text: The

text: administration

text: of

text: justice

text: was

text: of

text: particular

text: importance

text: to

text: John

text: Several

text: new

text: processes

text: had

text: been

text: introduced

text: to

text: English

text: law

text: under

text: Henry

text: II

text: including

text: novel

text: disseisin

text: and

text: mort

text: d'ancestor

text: These

text: processes

text: meant

text: the

text: royal

text: courts

text: had

text: a

text: more

text: significant

text: role

text: in

text: local

text: law

text: cases

text: which

text: had

text: previously

text: been

text: dealt

text: with

text: only

text: by

text: regional

text: or

text: local

text: lords

text: John

text: increased

text: the

text: professionalism

text: of

text: local

text: sergeants

text: and

text: bailiffs

text: and

text: extended

text: the

text: system

text: of

text: coroners

text: first

text: introduced

text: by

text: Hubert

text: Walter

text: in

text: creating

text: a

text: new

text: class

text: of

text: borough

text: coroners

text: John

text: worked

text: extremely

text: hard

text: to

text: ensure

text: that

text: this

text: system

text: operated

text: well

text: through

text: judges

text: he

text: had

text: appointed

text: by

text: fostering

text: legal

text: specialists

text: and

text: expertise

text: and

text: by

text: intervening

text: in

text: cases

text: himself

text: John

text: continued

text: to

text: try

text: relatively

text: minor

text: cases

text: even

text: during

text: military

text: crises

text: Viewed

text: positively

text: Lewis

text: Warren

text: considers

text: that

text: John

text: discharged

text: his

text: royal

text: duty

text: of

text: providing

text: justice

text: with

text: a

text: zeal

text: and

text: a

text: tirelessness

text: to

text: which

text: the

text: English

text: common

text: law

text: is

text: greatly

text: endebted

text: Seen

text: more

text: critically

text: John

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: motivated

text: by

text: the

text: potential

text: of

text: the

text: royal

text: legal

text: process

text: to

text: raise

text: fees

text: rather

text: than

text: a

text: desire

text: to

text: deliver

text: simple

text: justice

text: John

text: 's

text: legal

text: system

text: also

text: only

text: applied

text: to

text: free

text: men

text: rather

text: than

text: to

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: Nonetheless

text: these

text: changes

text: were

text: popular

text: with

text: many

text: free

text: tenants

text: who

text: acquired

text: a

text: more

text: reliable

text: legal

text: system

text: that

text: could

text: bypass

text: the

text: barons

text: against

text: whom

text: such

text: cases

text: were

text: often

text: brought

text: John

text: 's

text: reforms

text: were

text: less

text: popular

text: with

text: the

text: barons

text: themselves

text: especially

text: as

text: they

text: remained

text: subject

text: to

text: arbitrary

text: and

text: frequently

text: vindictive

text: royal

text: justice

question: What was of particular importance to John?

answer: administration of justice

text: administration of justice

question: When was the system of coroners first introduced?

answer: 1194

question: Why was John motivated?

answer: potential of the royal legal process to raise fees

text: potential of the royal legal process to raise fees


text: The first attempts to use standard-frequency single-phase AC were made in Hungary as far back as 1923, by the Hungarian Kálmán Kandó on the line between Budapest-Nyugati and Alag, using 16 kV at 50 Hz. The locomotives carried a four-pole rotating phase converter feeding a single traction motor of the polyphase induction type at 600 to 1,100 V. The number of poles on the 2,500 hp motor could be changed using slip rings to run at one of four synchronous speeds. The tests were a success so, from 1932 until the 1960s, trains on the Budapest-Hegyeshalom line (towards Vienna) regularly used the same system. A few decades after the Second World War, the 16 kV was changed to the Russian and later French 25 kV system.

title: Railway_electrification_system

title: Railway_electrification_system

text: The

text: first

text: attempts

text: to

text: use

text: standard

text: frequency

text: single

text: phase

text: AC

text: were

text: made

text: in

text: Hungary

text: as

text: far

text: back

text: as

text: by

text: the

text: Hungarian

text: Kálmán

text: Kandó

text: on

text: the

text: line

text: between

text: Budapest

text: Nyugati

text: and

text: Alag

text: using

text: kV

text: at

text: Hz

text: The

text: locomotives

text: carried

text: a

text: four

text: pole

text: rotating

text: phase

text: converter

text: feeding

text: a

text: single

text: traction

text: motor

text: of

text: the

text: polyphase

text: induction

text: type

text: at

text: to

text: V.

text: The

text: number

text: of

text: poles

text: on

text: the

text: hp

text: motor

text: could

text: be

text: changed

text: using

text: slip

text: rings

text: to

text: run

text: at

text: one

text: of

text: four

text: synchronous

text: speeds

text: The

text: tests

text: were

text: a

text: success

text: so

text: from

text: until

text: the

text: trains

text: on

text: the

text: Budapest

text: Hegyeshalom

text: line

text: towards

text: Vienna

text: regularly

text: used

text: the

text: same

text: system

text: A

text: few

text: decades

text: after

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: the

text: kV

text: was

text: changed

text: to

text: the

text: Russian

text: and

text: later

text: French

text: kV

text: system

question: What country has first tried to use single-phase AC?

answer: Hungary

text: Hungary

question: What frequency did the line of Hungarian rail system used in 1923?

answer: 16 kV at 50 Hz

text: 16 kV at 50 Hz

question: What type of the converter was used in hungarian locomotives of that time?

answer: four-pole rotating phase converter

text: four-pole rotating phase converter

question: How could the locomotives run on four speed levels?

answer: motor could be changed using slip rings

text: motor could be changed using slip rings

question: What system was adopted in Hungary after WWII?

answer: Russian

text: Russian

question: The number of poles on the 5,000 hp motor could be changed using what?

text: slip rings

question: The first attempt to use standard-frequency double-phase AC were made in what country?

text: Hungary

question: The locomotives carrying a three-pole rotating phase converter could feed what?

text: a single traction motor

question: The first attempt to use standard-frequency double-phase AC were made in what year?

question: During the Second World War, the 16 kV was changed to what?


text:
Large quantities of H
2 are needed in the petroleum and chemical industries. The largest application of H
2 is for the processing ("upgrading") of fossil fuels, and in the production of ammonia. The key consumers of H
2 in the petrochemical plant include hydrodealkylation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrocracking. H
2 has several other important uses. H
2 is used as a hydrogenating agent, particularly in increasing the level of saturation of unsaturated fats and oils (found in items such as margarine), and in the production of methanol. It is similarly the source of hydrogen in the manufacture of hydrochloric acid. H
2 is also used as a reducing agent of metallic ores.

title: Hydrogen

title: Hydrogen

text: Large

text: quantities

text: of

text: H

text: are

text: needed

text: in

text: the

text: petroleum

text: and

text: chemical

text: industries

text: The

text: largest

text: application

text: of

text: H

text: is

text: for

text: the

text: processing

text: upgrading

text: of

text: fossil

text: fuels

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: ammonia

text: The

text: key

text: consumers

text: of

text: H

text: in

text: the

text: petrochemical

text: plant

text: include

text: hydrodealkylation

text: hydrodesulfurization

text: and

text: hydrocracking

text: H

text: has

text: several

text: other

text: important

text: uses

text: H

text: is

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: hydrogenating

text: agent

text: particularly

text: in

text: increasing

text: the

text: level

text: of

text: saturation

text: of

text: unsaturated

text: fats

text: and

text: oils

text: found

text: in

text: items

text: such

text: as

text: margarine

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: methanol

text: It

text: is

text: similarly

text: the

text: source

text: of

text: hydrogen

text: in

text: the

text: manufacture

text: of

text: hydrochloric

text: acid

text: H

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: reducing

text: agent

text: of

text: metallic

text: ores

question: Where are large quantities of H2 needed?

answer: petroleum and chemical industries

text: petroleum and chemical industries

question: What are the consumers of H2 in petrochemical plant?

answer: hydrodealkylation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrocracking

text: hydrodealkylation, hydrodesulfurization, and hydrocracking


text: Techniques like hand washing, wearing gowns, and wearing face masks can help prevent infections from being passed from one person to another. Frequent hand washing remains the most important defense against the spread of unwanted organisms. There are other forms of prevention such as avoiding the use of illicit drugs, using a condom, and having a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet and regular exercise. Cooking foods well and avoiding foods that have been left outside for a long time is also important.

title: Infection

title: Infection

text: Techniques

text: like

text: hand

text: washing

text: wearing

text: gowns

text: and

text: wearing

text: face

text: masks

text: can

text: help

text: prevent

text: infections

text: from

text: being

text: passed

text: from

text: one

text: person

text: to

text: another

text: Frequent

text: hand

text: washing

text: remains

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: defense

text: against

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: unwanted

text: organisms

text: There

text: are

text: other

text: forms

text: of

text: prevention

text: such

text: as

text: avoiding

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: illicit

text: drugs

text: using

text: a

text: condom

text: and

text: having

text: a

text: healthy

text: lifestyle

text: with

text: a

text: balanced

text: diet

text: and

text: regular

text: exercise

text: Cooking

text: foods

text: well

text: and

text: avoiding

text: foods

text: that

text: have

text: been

text: left

text: outside

text: for

text: a

text: long

text: time

text: is

text: also

text: important

question: What can wearing gowns and face masks help prevent?

answer: infections from being passed from one person to another

text: infections from being passed from one person to another

question: What is the most important defense against the spread of unwanted organisms?

answer: Frequent hand washing

text: Frequent hand washing

question: Avoiding drugs and using condoms are other forms of what?

answer: prevention

text: prevention

question: Why is it important to cook foods well?

answer: prevention

text: prevention

question: What should one do with foods that have been left outside for a long time?

answer: avoiding

text: avoiding

question: What can wearing gowns and face masks help facilitate?

question: What is the least important defense against the spread of unwanted organisms?

text: Frequent hand washing

question: What are consuming drugs and avoiding condoms considered a form of?

text: prevention

question: What does a balanced diet and regular exercise make impossible?

text: a healthy lifestyle

question: What should one do with foods that have not been left outside for a long time?

text: avoid


text: In his 1854 book "The Cruise of the Steam Yacht North Star" John Choules described Southampton thus: "I hardly know a town that can show a more beautiful Main Street than Southampton, except it be Oxford. The High Street opens from the quay, and under various names it winds in a gently sweeping line for one mile and a half, and is of very handsome width. The variety of style and color of material in the buildings affords an exhibition of outline, light and color, that I think is seldom equalled. The shops are very elegant, and the streets are kept exceedingly clean."

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: In

text: his

text: book

text: The

text: Cruise

text: of

text: the

text: Steam

text: Yacht

text: North

text: Star

text: John

text: Choules

text: described

text: Southampton

text: thus

text: I

text: hardly

text: know

text: a

text: town

text: that

text: can

text: show

text: a

text: more

text: beautiful

text: Main

text: Street

text: than

text: Southampton

text: except

text: it

text: be

text: Oxford

text: The

text: High

text: Street

text: opens

text: from

text: the

text: quay

text: and

text: under

text: various

text: names

text: it

text: winds

text: in

text: a

text: gently

text: sweeping

text: line

text: for

text: one

text: mile

text: and

text: a

text: half

text: and

text: is

text: of

text: very

text: handsome

text: width

text: The

text: variety

text: of

text: style

text: and

text: color

text: of

text: material

text: in

text: the

text: buildings

text: affords

text: an

text: exhibition

text: of

text: outline

text: light

text: and

text: color

text: that

text: I

text: think

text: is

text: seldom

text: equalled

text: The

text: shops

text: are

text: very

text: elegant

text: and

text: the

text: streets

text: are

text: kept

text: exceedingly

text: clean

question: Who wrote "The Cruise of the Steam Yacht North Star"?

answer: John Choules

text: John Choules

question: What town did Choules say had the only Main Street more beautiful than Southampton's?

answer: Oxford

text: Oxford

question: How long was Southampton's High Street as described by Choules?

answer: one mile and a half

text: one mile and a half

question: What adjective did Choules use to describe the shops of Southampton's High Street?

answer: elegant

text: elegant

question: Choules complimented the streets of Southampton for being kept in what condition?

answer: clean

text: clean


text: The state song was not composed until 21 years after statehood, when a musical troupe led by Joseph E. Howard stopped in Butte in September 1910. A former member of the troupe who lived in Butte buttonholed Howard at an after-show party, asking him to compose a song about Montana and got another partygoer, the city editor for the Butte Miner newspaper, Charles C. Cohan, to help. The two men worked up a basic melody and lyrics in about a half-hour for the entertainment of party guests, then finished the song later that evening, with an arrangement worked up the following day. Upon arriving in Helena, Howard's troupe performed 12 encores of the new song to an enthusiastic audience and the governor proclaimed it the state song on the spot, though formal legislative recognition did not occur until 1945. Montana is one of only three states to have a "state ballad", "Montana Melody", chosen by the legislature in 1983. Montana was the first state to also adopt a State Lullaby.

title: Montana

title: Montana

text: The

text: state

text: song

text: was

text: not

text: composed

text: until

text: years

text: after

text: statehood

text: when

text: a

text: musical

text: troupe

text: led

text: by

text: Joseph

text: E.

text: Howard

text: stopped

text: in

text: Butte

text: in

text: September

text: A

text: former

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: troupe

text: who

text: lived

text: in

text: Butte

text: buttonholed

text: Howard

text: at

text: an

text: after

text: show

text: party

text: asking

text: him

text: to

text: compose

text: a

text: song

text: about

text: Montana

text: and

text: got

text: another

text: partygoer

text: the

text: city

text: editor

text: for

text: the

text: Butte

text: Miner

text: newspaper

text: Charles

text: C.

text: Cohan

text: to

text: help

text: The

text: two

text: men

text: worked

text: up

text: a

text: basic

text: melody

text: and

text: lyrics

text: in

text: about

text: a

text: half

text: hour

text: for

text: the

text: entertainment

text: of

text: party

text: guests

text: then

text: finished

text: the

text: song

text: later

text: that

text: evening

text: with

text: an

text: arrangement

text: worked

text: up

text: the

text: following

text: day

text: Upon

text: arriving

text: in

text: Helena

text: Howard

text: 's

text: troupe

text: performed

text: encores

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: song

text: to

text: an

text: enthusiastic

text: audience

text: and

text: the

text: governor

text: proclaimed

text: it

text: the

text: state

text: song

text: on

text: the

text: spot

text: though

text: formal

text: legislative

text: recognition

text: did

text: not

text: occur

text: until

text: Montana

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: three

text: states

text: to

text: have

text: a

text: state

text: ballad

text: Montana

text: Melody

text: chosen

text: by

text: the

text: legislature

text: in

text: Montana

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: state

text: to

text: also

text: adopt

text: a

text: State

text: Lullaby

question: When was the state song composed?

answer: 1910


text: Just as Rome itself claimed the favour of the gods, so did some individual Romans. In the mid-to-late Republican era, and probably much earlier, many of Rome's leading clans acknowledged a divine or semi-divine ancestor and laid personal claim to their favour and cult, along with a share of their divinity. Most notably in the very late Republic, the Julii claimed Venus Genetrix as ancestor; this would be one of many foundations for the Imperial cult. The claim was further elaborated and justified in Vergil's poetic, Imperial vision of the past.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: Just

text: as

text: Rome

text: itself

text: claimed

text: the

text: favour

text: of

text: the

text: gods

text: so

text: did

text: some

text: individual

text: Romans

text: In

text: the

text: mid

text: to

text: late

text: Republican

text: era

text: and

text: probably

text: much

text: earlier

text: many

text: of

text: Rome

text: 's

text: leading

text: clans

text: acknowledged

text: a

text: divine

text: or

text: semi

text: divine

text: ancestor

text: and

text: laid

text: personal

text: claim

text: to

text: their

text: favour

text: and

text: cult

text: along

text: with

text: a

text: share

text: of

text: their

text: divinity

text: Most

text: notably

text: in

text: the

text: very

text: late

text: Republic

text: the

text: Julii

text: claimed

text: Venus

text: Genetrix

text: as

text: ancestor

text: this

text: would

text: be

text: one

text: of

text: many

text: foundations

text: for

text: the

text: Imperial

text: cult

text: The

text: claim

text: was

text: further

text: elaborated

text: and

text: justified

text: in

text: Vergil

text: 's

text: poetic

text: Imperial

text: vision

text: of

text: the

text: past

question: What did many Romans claim in the Republican era?

answer: divine ancestor

text: divine ancestor

question: What style of claim did Romans favor as a link to the gods?

answer: personal claim

text: personal claim

question: What deity did the Julii claim as an ancestor?

answer: Venus Genetrix

text: Venus Genetrix

question: Of what were such claims of deity relations the start?

answer: Imperial cult

text: Imperial cult

question: What author further elaborated on the imperial claim of godhood?

answer: Vergil

text: Vergil


text: According to Der Spiegel, credits given to European governments were disguised as "swaps" and consequently did not get registered as debt because Eurostat at the time ignored statistics involving financial derivatives. A German derivatives dealer had commented to Der Spiegel that "The Maastricht rules can be circumvented quite legally through swaps," and "In previous years, Italy used a similar trick to mask its true debt with the help of a different US bank." These conditions had enabled Greek as well as many other European governments to spend beyond their means, while meeting the deficit targets of the European Union and the monetary union guidelines. In May 2010, the Greek government deficit was again revised and estimated to be 13.6% which was the second highest in the world relative to GDP with Iceland in first place at 15.7% and Great Britain third with 12.6%. Public debt was forecast, according to some estimates, to hit 120% of GDP during 2010.

title: Economy_of_Greece

title: Economy_of_Greece

text: According

text: to

text: Der

text: Spiegel

text: credits

text: given

text: to

text: European

text: governments

text: were

text: disguised

text: as

text: swaps

text: and

text: consequently

text: did

text: not

text: get

text: registered

text: as

text: debt

text: because

text: Eurostat

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: ignored

text: statistics

text: involving

text: financial

text: derivatives

text: A

text: German

text: derivatives

text: dealer

text: had

text: commented

text: to

text: Der

text: Spiegel

text: that

text: The

text: Maastricht

text: rules

text: can

text: be

text: circumvented

text: quite

text: legally

text: through

text: swaps

text: and

text: In

text: previous

text: years

text: Italy

text: used

text: a

text: similar

text: trick

text: to

text: mask

text: its

text: true

text: debt

text: with

text: the

text: help

text: of

text: a

text: different

text: US

text: bank

text: These

text: conditions

text: had

text: enabled

text: Greek

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: many

text: other

text: European

text: governments

text: to

text: spend

text: beyond

text: their

text: means

text: while

text: meeting

text: the

text: deficit

text: targets

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: and

text: the

text: monetary

text: union

text: guidelines

text: In

text: May

text: the

text: Greek

text: government

text: deficit

text: was

text: again

text: revised

text: and

text: estimated

text: to

text: be

text: which

text: was

text: the

text: second

text: highest

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: relative

text: to

text: GDP

text: with

text: Iceland

text: in

text: first

text: place

text: at

text: and

text: Great

text: Britain

text: third

text: with

text: Public

text: debt

text: was

text: forecast

text: according

text: to

text: some

text: estimates

text: to

text: hit

text: of

text: GDP

text: during

question: What were credits given to European governments disguised as?

answer: swaps

text: swaps

question: Why weren't swaps registered as debts by Eurostat at the time?

answer: ignored statistics involving financial derivatives

text: ignored statistics involving financial derivatives

question: What rules did a German derivatives dealer say could be quite legally circumvented through swaps?

answer: Maastricht

text: Maastricht

question: What was again revised in May of 2010?

answer: Greek government deficit

text: Greek government deficit

question: What was Greece's public debt forecast to hit as high of a percentage of GDP of in 2010?

answer: 120%

question: What were credits taken from European governments disguised as?

text: swaps

question: Why were swaps registered as debts by Eurostat at the time?

question: What rules did a German derivatives dealer say could never be quite legally circumvented through swaps?

text: Maastricht

question: What was left unchanged in May of 2010?

text: Greek government deficit

question: What was Greece's public debt forecast to hit as low of a percentage of GDP of in 2000?


text: On October 21, 2008, Apple reported that only 14.21% of total revenue for fiscal quarter 4 of year 2008 came from iPods. At the September 9, 2009 keynote presentation at the Apple Event, Phil Schiller announced total cumulative sales of iPods exceeded 220 million. The continual decline of iPod sales since 2009 has not been a surprising trend for the Apple corporation, as Apple CFO Peter Oppenheimer explained in June 2009: "We expect our traditional MP3 players to decline over time as we cannibalize ourselves with the iPod Touch and the iPhone." Since 2009, the company's iPod sales have continually decreased every financial quarter and in 2013 a new model was not introduced onto the market.

title: IPod

title: IPod

text: On

text: October

text: Apple

text: reported

text: that

text: only

text: of

text: total

text: revenue

text: for

text: fiscal

text: quarter

text: of

text: year

text: came

text: from

text: iPods

text: At

text: the

text: September

text: keynote

text: presentation

text: at

text: the

text: Apple

text: Event

text: Phil

text: Schiller

text: announced

text: total

text: cumulative

text: sales

text: of

text: iPods

text: exceeded

text: million

text: The

text: continual

text: decline

text: of

text: iPod

text: sales

text: since

text: has

text: not

text: been

text: a

text: surprising

text: trend

text: for

text: the

text: Apple

text: corporation

text: as

text: Apple

text: CFO

text: Peter

text: Oppenheimer

text: explained

text: in

text: June

text: We

text: expect

text: our

text: traditional

text: players

text: to

text: decline

text: over

text: time

text: as

text: we

text: cannibalize

text: ourselves

text: with

text: the

text: iPod

text: Touch

text: and

text: the

text: iPhone

text: Since

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: iPod

text: sales

text: have

text: continually

text: decreased

text: every

text: financial

text: quarter

text: and

text: in

text: a

text: new

text: model

text: was

text: not

text: introduced

text: onto

text: the

text: market

question: Who was Chief Financial Officer of Apple in July of 2009?

answer: Peter Oppenheimer

text: Peter Oppenheimer

question: From what year did iPod purchases begin to continuously decline?

answer: 2009

question: How much revenue did iPod sales account for in Q4 2008?

answer: 14.21%

question: Approximately how many total iPods had been sold by late 2009?

answer: 220 million

text: 220 million

question: Which was the first year since iPod's introduction that no new model was released?

answer: 2013


text: The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.

title: Dutch_Republic

title: Dutch_Republic

text: The

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Provinces

text: lasted

text: until

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: republican

text: revolutions

text: in

text: created

text: the

text: Batavian

text: Republic

text: During

text: this

text: period

text: republican

text: forces

text: took

text: several

text: major

text: cities

text: of

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: After

text: initially

text: fleeing

text: the

text: monarchist

text: forces

text: came

text: back

text: with

text: British

text: Austrian

text: and

text: Prussian

text: troops

text: and

text: retook

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: The

text: republican

text: forces

text: fled

text: to

text: France

text: but

text: then

text: successfully

text: re

text: invaded

text: alongside

text: the

text: army

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: republic

text: After

text: the

text: French

text: Republic

text: became

text: the

text: French

text: Empire

text: under

text: Napoleon

text: the

text: Batavian

text: Republic

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Holland

question: What events created the Batavian Republic?

answer: a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795

text: a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795

question: The republican forces fled to which country?

answer: France

text: France

question: The Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland replaced which republic?

answer: the Batavian Republic

text: the Batavian Republic

question: What republic began with a series of republican revolutions?

text: The Republic of the United Provinces

question: What did the Batavian Republic take part in from 1783 to 1795?

text: a series of republican revolutions

question: During what period did Republican forces loose several major cities of the Netherlands?

text: Batavian Republic

question: What Republic replaced the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland?

text: Batavian Republic

question: Who fled from France to the Netherlands?

text: The republican forces

question: What happened that led to the creation of the French Republic?

question: Who came back to retake the Batavian Republic?

question: Where did the Prussian forces flee to?

text: France

question: What did the French Republic become under the British?

text: the French Empire

question: What Kingdom replaced the monarchist forces under Napoleon?

text: the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland


text: Yazid died while the siege was still in progress, and the Umayyad army returned to Damascus, leaving Ibn al-Zubayr in control of Mecca. Yazid's son Muawiya II (683–84) initially succeeded him but seems to have never been recognized as caliph outside of Syria. Two factions developed within Syria: the Confederation of Qays, who supported Ibn al-Zubayr, and the Quda'a, who supported Marwan, a descendant of Umayya via Wa'il ibn Umayyah. The partisans of Marwan triumphed at a battle at Marj Rahit, near Damascus, in 684, and Marwan became caliph shortly thereafter.

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

text: Yazid

text: died

text: while

text: the

text: siege

text: was

text: still

text: in

text: progress

text: and

text: the

text: Umayyad

text: army

text: returned

text: to

text: Damascus

text: leaving

text: Ibn

text: al

text: Zubayr

text: in

text: control

text: of

text: Mecca

text: Yazid

text: 's

text: son

text: Muawiya

text: II

text: initially

text: succeeded

text: him

text: but

text: seems

text: to

text: have

text: never

text: been

text: recognized

text: as

text: caliph

text: outside

text: of

text: Syria

text: Two

text: factions

text: developed

text: within

text: Syria

text: the

text: Confederation

text: of

text: Qays

text: who

text: supported

text: Ibn

text: al

text: Zubayr

text: and

text: the

text: Quda'a

text: who

text: supported

text: Marwan

text: a

text: descendant

text: of

text: Umayya

text: via

text: Wa'il

text: ibn

text: Umayyah

text: The

text: partisans

text: of

text: Marwan

text: triumphed

text: at

text: a

text: battle

text: at

text: Marj

text: Rahit

text: near

text: Damascus

text: in

text: and

text: Marwan

text: became

text: caliph

text: shortly

text: thereafter

question: Who was the son of Yazid?

answer: Muawiya II

text: Muawiya II

question: When did Muawiya II's reign begin?

answer: 683

question: Who had the support of the Confederation of Qays?

answer: Ibn al-Zubayr

text: Ibn al-Zubayr

question: From whom was Marwan descended?

answer: Umayya via Wa'il ibn Umayyah

text: Umayya via Wa'il ibn Umayyah

question: In what year did the battle of Marj Rahit occur?

answer: 684

question: What army left Damascus?

text: Umayyad army

question: Who was recognized as caliph outside of Syria?

text: Muawiya II

question: Who was a descendant of Marwan?

text: Umayya via Wa'il ibn Umayyah

question: What year did the partisans of Marwan lose a battle?

question: What city did the partisans of Marwan lose a battle near?

text: Damascus


text: American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars. Television producer Nigel Lythgoe saw it in Australia and helped bring it over to Britain. Fuller was inspired by the idea from Popstars of employing a panel of judges to select singers in audition. He then added other elements, such as telephone voting by the viewing public (which at the time was already in use in shows such as the Eurovision Song Contest), the drama of backstories and real-life soap opera unfolding in real time. The show debuted in 2001 in Britain with Lythgoe as showrunner—the executive producer and production leader—and Simon Cowell as one of the judges, and was a big success with the viewing public.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: American

text: Idol

text: was

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: British

text: show

text: Pop

text: Idol

text: created

text: by

text: Simon

text: Fuller

text: which

text: was

text: in

text: turn

text: inspired

text: by

text: the

text: New

text: Zealand

text: television

text: singing

text: competition

text: Popstars

text: Television

text: producer

text: Nigel

text: Lythgoe

text: saw

text: it

text: in

text: Australia

text: and

text: helped

text: bring

text: it

text: over

text: to

text: Britain

text: Fuller

text: was

text: inspired

text: by

text: the

text: idea

text: from

text: Popstars

text: of

text: employing

text: a

text: panel

text: of

text: judges

text: to

text: select

text: singers

text: in

text: audition

text: He

text: then

text: added

text: other

text: elements

text: such

text: as

text: telephone

text: voting

text: by

text: the

text: viewing

text: public

text: which

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: was

text: already

text: in

text: use

text: in

text: shows

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Eurovision

text: Song

text: Contest

text: the

text: drama

text: of

text: backstories

text: and

text: real

text: life

text: soap

text: opera

text: unfolding

text: in

text: real

text: time

text: The

text: show

text: debuted

text: in

text: in

text: Britain

text: with

text: Lythgoe

text: as

text: showrunner—the

text: executive

text: producer

text: and

text: production

text: leader—and

text: Simon

text: Cowell

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: judges

text: and

text: was

text: a

text: big

text: success

text: with

text: the

text: viewing

text: public

question: What show in New Zealand was the inspiration for the British Series Pop Idol?

answer: Popstars

text: Popstars

question: Who was the creator of British Series Pop Idol?

answer: Simon Fuller

text: Simon Fuller

question: What year did Pop Idol make its television debut?

answer: 2001

question: Who was a judge on the British series Pop Idol in 2001?

answer: Simon Cowell

text: Simon Cowell

question: Wha was the executive producer of Pop Idol in 2001?

answer: Nigel Lythgoe

text: Nigel Lythgoe

question: What show was Pop Idols based on?

answer: Popstars

text: Popstars

question: Who saw Popstars while in Australia and wanted Britain to have the same thing?

answer: Nigel Lythgoe

text: Nigel Lythgoe

question: In addition to back stories and drama, what did Fuller add to the show?

answer: telephone voting

text: telephone voting

question: When did Pop Idol premiere in Britain?

answer: 2001

question: Who was the executive producer of Pop Idol?

answer: Lythgoe

text: Lythgoe


text: Hundreds of ancient standing stone monuments like dolmens, menhirs and megalithics Tumulus were erected during the prehistoric period in Galicia, amongst the best-known are the dolmens of Dombate, Corveira, Axeitos of Pedra da Arca, menhirs like the "Lapa de Gargñáns". From the Iron Age, Galicia has a rich heritage based mainly on a great number of Hill forts, few of them excavated like Baroña, Sta. Tegra, San Cibrao de Lás and Formigueiros among others. With the introduction of Ancient Roman architecture there was a development of basilicas, castra, city walls, cities, villas, Roman temples, Roman roads, and the Roman bridge of Ponte Vella. It was the Romans who founded some of the first cities in Galicia like Lugo and Ourense. Perhaps the best-known examples are the Roman Walls of Lugo and the Tower of Hercules in A Coruña.

title: Galicia_(Spain)

title: Galicia_(Spain

text: Hundreds

text: of

text: ancient

text: standing

text: stone

text: monuments

text: like

text: dolmens

text: menhirs

text: and

text: megalithics

text: Tumulus

text: were

text: erected

text: during

text: the

text: prehistoric

text: period

text: in

text: Galicia

text: amongst

text: the

text: best

text: known

text: are

text: the

text: dolmens

text: of

text: Dombate

text: Corveira

text: Axeitos

text: of

text: Pedra

text: da

text: Arca

text: menhirs

text: like

text: the

text: Lapa

text: de

text: Gargñáns

text: From

text: the

text: Iron

text: Age

text: Galicia

text: has

text: a

text: rich

text: heritage

text: based

text: mainly

text: on

text: a

text: great

text: number

text: of

text: Hill

text: forts

text: few

text: of

text: them

text: excavated

text: like

text: Baroña

text: Sta

text: Tegra

text: San

text: Cibrao

text: de

text: Lás

text: and

text: Formigueiros

text: among

text: others

text: With

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: Ancient

text: Roman

text: architecture

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: development

text: of

text: basilicas

text: castra

text: city

text: walls

text: cities

text: villas

text: Roman

text: temples

text: Roman

text: roads

text: and

text: the

text: Roman

text: bridge

text: of

text: Ponte

text: Vella

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: Romans

text: who

text: founded

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: cities

text: in

text: Galicia

text: like

text: Lugo

text: and

text: Ourense

text: Perhaps

text: the

text: best

text: known

text: examples

text: are

text: the

text: Roman

text: Walls

text: of

text: Lugo

text: and

text: the

text: Tower

text: of

text: Hercules

text: in

text: A

text: Coruña

question: Which civilization was it that founded some of the first Galician cities?

answer: Romans

text: Romans

question: Name two of these cities.

answer: Lugo and Ourense

text: Lugo and Ourense


text: If the aircraft are VTOL-capable or helicopters, they do not need to decelerate and hence there is no such need. The arrested-recovery system has used an angled deck since the 1950s because, in case the aircraft does not catch the arresting wire, the short deck allows easier take off by reducing the number of objects between the aircraft and the end of the runway. It also has the advantage of separating the recovery operation area from the launch area. Helicopters and aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) usually recover by coming abreast the carrier on the port side and then using their hover capability to move over the flight deck and land vertically without the need for arresting gear.

title: Aircraft_carrier

title: Aircraft_carrier

text: If

text: the

text: aircraft

text: are

text: VTOL

text: capable

text: or

text: helicopters

text: they

text: do

text: not

text: need

text: to

text: decelerate

text: and

text: hence

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: such

text: need

text: The

text: arrested

text: recovery

text: system

text: has

text: used

text: an

text: angled

text: deck

text: since

text: the

text: because

text: in

text: case

text: the

text: aircraft

text: does

text: not

text: catch

text: the

text: arresting

text: wire

text: the

text: short

text: deck

text: allows

text: easier

text: take

text: off

text: by

text: reducing

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: objects

text: between

text: the

text: aircraft

text: and

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: runway

text: It

text: also

text: has

text: the

text: advantage

text: of

text: separating

text: the

text: recovery

text: operation

text: area

text: from

text: the

text: launch

text: area

text: Helicopters

text: and

text: aircraft

text: capable

text: of

text: vertical

text: or

text: short

text: take

text: off

text: and

text: landing

text: V

text: STOL

text: usually

text: recover

text: by

text: coming

text: abreast

text: the

text: carrier

text: on

text: the

text: port

text: side

text: and

text: then

text: using

text: their

text: hover

text: capability

text: to

text: move

text: over

text: the

text: flight

text: deck

text: and

text: land

text: vertically

text: without

text: the

text: need

text: for

text: arresting

text: gear

question: What type of aircraft have no need to decelerate?

answer: VTOL-capable or helicopters

text: VTOL-capable or helicopters

question: What does the angled deck separate the recovery operation area from?

answer: the launch area

text: the launch area

question: What does V/STOL refer to?

answer: aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing

text: aircraft capable of vertical or short take-off and landing

question: What capability do helicopters use to move over the flight deck and land vertically?

answer: hover

text: hover

question: What don't helicopters need because of having hover capablility?

answer: arresting gear

text: arresting gear

question: What type of aircraft have no need to accelerate?

text: VTOL-capable or helicopters

question: What does the non-angled deck separate the recovery operation area from?

text: the launch area

question: What does V/STOL not refer to?

question: What capability do helicopters use to move over the flight deck and land horizontally?

text: hover

question: What don't planes need because of having hover capablility?

text: arresting gear


text: While equal temperament became gradually accepted as the dominant musical temperament during the 18th century, different historical temperaments are often used for music from earlier periods. For instance, music of the English Renaissance is often performed in meantone temperament.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: While

text: equal

text: temperament

text: became

text: gradually

text: accepted

text: as

text: the

text: dominant

text: musical

text: temperament

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: different

text: historical

text: temperaments

text: are

text: often

text: used

text: for

text: music

text: from

text: earlier

text: periods

text: For

text: instance

text: music

text: of

text: the

text: English

text: Renaissance

text: is

text: often

text: performed

text: in

text: meantone

text: temperament

question: What type of temperament became accepted during the 18th century?

answer: equal temperament

text: equal temperament

question: When did equal temperament become accepted as the dominant musical temperament?

answer: the 18th century

text: the 18th century

question: What temperament is the English Renaissance performed in?

answer: meantone temperament

text: meantone temperament


text: This still left open the question of whether the opposite of approach in the prefrontal cortex is better described as moving away (Direction Model), as unmoving but with strength and resistance (Movement Model), or as unmoving with passive yielding (Action Tendency Model). Support for the Action Tendency Model (passivity related to right prefrontal activity) comes from research on shyness and research on behavioral inhibition. Research that tested the competing hypotheses generated by all four models also supported the Action Tendency Model.

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: This

text: still

text: left

text: open

text: the

text: question

text: of

text: whether

text: the

text: opposite

text: of

text: approach

text: in

text: the

text: prefrontal

text: cortex

text: is

text: better

text: described

text: as

text: moving

text: away

text: Direction

text: Model

text: as

text: unmoving

text: but

text: with

text: strength

text: and

text: resistance

text: Movement

text: Model

text: or

text: as

text: unmoving

text: with

text: passive

text: yielding

text: Action

text: Tendency

text: Model

text: Support

text: for

text: the

text: Action

text: Tendency

text: Model

text: passivity

text: related

text: to

text: right

text: prefrontal

text: activity

text: comes

text: from

text: research

text: on

text: shyness

text: and

text: research

text: on

text: behavioral

text: inhibition

text: Research

text: that

text: tested

text: the

text: competing

text: hypotheses

text: generated

text: by

text: all

text: four

text: models

text: also

text: supported

text: the

text: Action

text: Tendency

text: Model

question: What model described the opposite of approach as moving away?

answer: Direction Model

text: Direction Model

question: What model described the opposite of approach as unmoving but with resistance and strength?

answer: Movement Model

text: Movement Model

question: According to the Action Tendency Model, the opposite of approach is described as unmoving with what?

answer: passive yielding

text: passive yielding

question: Along with behavioral inhibition, research on what trait resulted in support for the Action Tendency Model?

answer: shyness

text: shyness

question: What model did not describe the opposite of approach as moving away?

text: Direction Model

question: What model described the same approach as unmoving but with resistance and strength?

text: Movement Model

question: According to the Action Tendency Model, the similar approach is described as unmoving with what?

text: passivity

question: Along with behavioral inhibition, research on what trait did not result in support for the Action Tendency Model?

text: shyness


text: The location on the banks of the river Rhine allowed Utrecht to become an important trade centre in the Northern Netherlands. The growing town Utrecht was granted city rights by Henry V in 1122. When the main flow of the Rhine moved south, the old bed, which still flowed through the heart of the town became evermore canalized; and the wharf system was built as an inner city harbour system. On the wharfs storage facilities (werfkelders) were built, on top of which the main street, including houses was constructed. The wharfs and the cellars are accessible from a platform at water level with stairs descending from the street level to form a unique structure.[nb 2] The relations between the bishop, who controlled many lands outside of the city, and the citizens of Utrecht was not always easy. The bishop, for example dammed the Kromme Rijn at Wijk bij Duurstede to protect his estates from flooding. This threatened shipping for the city and led the city of Utrecht to commission a canal to ensure access to the town for shipping trade: the Vaartse Rijn, connecting Utrecht to the Hollandse IJssel at IJsselstein.

title: Utrecht

title: Utrecht

text: The

text: location

text: on

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: river

text: Rhine

text: allowed

text: Utrecht

text: to

text: become

text: an

text: important

text: trade

text: centre

text: in

text: the

text: Northern

text: Netherlands

text: The

text: growing

text: town

text: Utrecht

text: was

text: granted

text: city

text: rights

text: by

text: Henry

text: V

text: in

text: When

text: the

text: main

text: flow

text: of

text: the

text: Rhine

text: moved

text: south

text: the

text: old

text: bed

text: which

text: still

text: flowed

text: through

text: the

text: heart

text: of

text: the

text: town

text: became

text: evermore

text: canalized

text: and

text: the

text: wharf

text: system

text: was

text: built

text: as

text: an

text: inner

text: city

text: harbour

text: system

text: On

text: the

text: wharfs

text: storage

text: facilities

text: werfkelders

text: were

text: built

text: on

text: top

text: of

text: which

text: the

text: main

text: street

text: including

text: houses

text: was

text: constructed

text: The

text: wharfs

text: and

text: the

text: cellars

text: are

text: accessible

text: from

text: a

text: platform

text: at

text: water

text: level

text: with

text: stairs

text: descending

text: from

text: the

text: street

text: level

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: unique

text: structure.[nb

text: The

text: relations

text: between

text: the

text: bishop

text: who

text: controlled

text: many

text: lands

text: outside

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: citizens

text: of

text: Utrecht

text: was

text: not

text: always

text: easy

text: The

text: bishop

text: for

text: example

text: dammed

text: the

text: Kromme

text: Rijn

text: at

text: Wijk

text: bij

text: Duurstede

text: to

text: protect

text: his

text: estates

text: from

text: flooding

text: This

text: threatened

text: shipping

text: for

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: led

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Utrecht

text: to

text: commission

text: a

text: canal

text: to

text: ensure

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: town

text: for

text: shipping

text: trade

text: the

text: Vaartse

text: Rijn

text: connecting

text: Utrecht

text: to

text: the

text: Hollandse

text: IJssel

text: at

text: IJsselstein

question: What did Utrecht's location allow

answer: allowed Utrecht to become an important trade centre in the Northern Netherlands.

text: allowed Utrecht to become an important trade centre in the Northern Netherlands.

question: Who granted Utrecht city rights

answer: Henry V in 1122

text: Henry V in 1122

question: What was the relationship with the bishop like for citizens of Utrecht

answer: the bishop, who controlled many lands outside of the city, and the citizens of Utrecht was not always easy

text: the bishop, who controlled many lands outside of the city, and the citizens of Utrecht was not always easy

question: What Industry did the bishop hurt

answer: The bishop, for example dammed the Kromme Rijn at Wijk bij Duurstede to protect his estates from flooding

text: The bishop, for example dammed the Kromme Rijn at Wijk bij Duurstede to protect his estates from flooding

question: What allowed Utrecht to become a major global trading center?

question: When Henry the VII grant Utrecht city rights

question: What was Utrecht granted in the 11th century?

text: city rights

question: What river did merchants dam?

text: the Kromme Rijn at Wijk bij Duurstede


text: Uses of a sequence of events include stories, historical events (chronology), directions and steps in procedures, and timetables for scheduling activities. A sequence of events may also be used to help describe processes in science, technology, and medicine. A sequence of events may be focused on past events (e.g., stories, history, chronology), on future events that must be in a predetermined order (e.g., plans, schedules, procedures, timetables), or focused on the observation of past events with the expectation that the events will occur in the future (e.g., processes). The use of a sequence of events occurs in fields as diverse as machines (cam timer), documentaries (Seconds From Disaster), law (choice of law), computer simulation (discrete event simulation), and electric power transmission (sequence of events recorder). A specific example of a sequence of events is the timeline of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster.

title: Time

title: Time

text: Uses

text: of

text: a

text: sequence

text: of

text: events

text: include

text: stories

text: historical

text: events

text: chronology

text: directions

text: and

text: steps

text: in

text: procedures

text: and

text: timetables

text: for

text: scheduling

text: activities

text: A

text: sequence

text: of

text: events

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: help

text: describe

text: processes

text: in

text: science

text: technology

text: and

text: medicine

text: A

text: sequence

text: of

text: events

text: may

text: be

text: focused

text: on

text: past

text: events

text: e.g.

text: stories

text: history

text: chronology

text: on

text: future

text: events

text: that

text: must

text: be

text: in

text: a

text: predetermined

text: order

text: e.g.

text: plans

text: schedules

text: procedures

text: timetables

text: or

text: focused

text: on

text: the

text: observation

text: of

text: past

text: events

text: with

text: the

text: expectation

text: that

text: the

text: events

text: will

text: occur

text: in

text: the

text: future

text: e.g.

text: processes

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: a

text: sequence

text: of

text: events

text: occurs

text: in

text: fields

text: as

text: diverse

text: as

text: machines

text: cam

text: timer

text: documentaries

text: Seconds

text: From

text: Disaster

text: law

text: choice

text: of

text: law

text: computer

text: simulation

text: discrete

text: event

text: simulation

text: and

text: electric

text: power

text: transmission

text: sequence

text: of

text: events

text: recorder

text: A

text: specific

text: example

text: of

text: a

text: sequence

text: of

text: events

text: is

text: the

text: timeline

text: of

text: the

text: Fukushima

text: Daiichi

text: nuclear

text: disaster

question: Uses of sequences of events include what?

answer: stories, historical events (chronology), directions and steps in procedures, and timetables

text: stories, historical events (chronology), directions and steps in procedures, and timetables

question: What may a sequence of events be used to describe?

answer: processes in science, technology, and medicine

text: processes in science, technology, and medicine

question: The use of what occurs in fields as diverse as machines, documentaries, or computer simulation?

answer: a sequence of events

text: a sequence of events

question: What is a specific example of a sequence of events?

answer: the timeline of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster

text: the timeline of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster

question: Uses of sequences of order include what?

question: What may a sequence of order be used to describe?

question: The use of what occurs in history as diverse as machines, documentaries, or computer simulation?

text: A sequence of events

question: What is a specific example of a sequence of history?

question: What may a sequence of history be focused on?

text: past events


text: San Diego's first television station was KFMB, which began broadcasting on May 16, 1949. Since the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) licensed seven television stations in Los Angeles, two VHF channels were available for San Diego because of its relative proximity to the larger city. In 1952, however, the FCC began licensing UHF channels, making it possible for cities such as San Diego to acquire more stations. Stations based in Mexico (with ITU prefixes of XE and XH) also serve the San Diego market. Television stations today include XHTJB 3 (Once TV), XETV 6 (CW), KFMB 8 (CBS), KGTV 10 (ABC), XEWT 12 (Televisa Regional), KPBS 15 (PBS), KBNT-CD 17 (Univision), XHTIT-TDT 21 (Azteca 7), XHJK-TDT 27 (Azteca 13), XHAS 33 (Telemundo), K35DG-D 35 (UCSD-TV), KDTF-LD 51 (Telefutura), KNSD 39 (NBC), KZSD-LP 41 (Azteca America), KSEX-CD 42 (Infomercials), XHBJ-TDT 45 (Gala TV), XHDTV 49 (MNTV), KUSI 51 (Independent), XHUAA-TDT 57 (Canal de las Estrellas), and KSWB-TV 69 (Fox). San Diego has an 80.6 percent cable penetration rate.

title: San_Diego

title: San_Diego

text: San

text: Diego

text: 's

text: first

text: television

text: station

text: was

text: KFMB

text: which

text: began

text: broadcasting

text: on

text: May

text: Since

text: the

text: Federal

text: Communications

text: Commission

text: FCC

text: licensed

text: seven

text: television

text: stations

text: in

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: two

text: VHF

text: channels

text: were

text: available

text: for

text: San

text: Diego

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: relative

text: proximity

text: to

text: the

text: larger

text: city

text: In

text: however

text: the

text: FCC

text: began

text: licensing

text: UHF

text: channels

text: making

text: it

text: possible

text: for

text: cities

text: such

text: as

text: San

text: Diego

text: to

text: acquire

text: more

text: stations

text: Stations

text: based

text: in

text: Mexico

text: with

text: ITU

text: prefixes

text: of

text: XE

text: and

text: XH

text: also

text: serve

text: the

text: San

text: Diego

text: market

text: Television

text: stations

text: today

text: include

text: XHTJB

text: Once

text: TV

text: XETV

text: CW

text: KFMB

text: CBS

text: KGTV

text: ABC

text: XEWT

text: Televisa

text: Regional

text: KPBS

text: PBS

text: KBNT

text: CD

text: Univision

text: XHTIT

text: TDT

text: Azteca

text: XHJK

text: TDT

text: Azteca

text: XHAS

text: Telemundo

text: D

text: UCSD

text: TV

text: KDTF

text: LD

text: Telefutura

text: KNSD

text: NBC

text: KZSD

text: LP

text: Azteca

text: America

text: KSEX

text: CD

text: Infomercials

text: XHBJ

text: TDT

text: Gala

text: TV

text: XHDTV

text: MNTV

text: KUSI

text: Independent

text: XHUAA

text: TDT

text: Canal

text: de

text: las

text: Estrellas

text: and

text: KSWB

text: TV

text: Fox

text: San

text: Diego

text: has

text: an

text: percent

text: cable

text: penetration

text: rate

question: Which television station began broadcasting  on May 16, 1949?

answer: KFMB

text: KFMB

question: What is San Diego's cable penetration rate?

answer: 80.6 percent

text: 80.6 percent

question: Why was San Diego eligible for two VHF channels?

answer: because of its relative proximity to the larger city

text: because of its relative proximity to the larger city

question: In what year did UHF channels beging being licensed by the FCC?

answer: 1952

question: What independent station is in San Diego?

answer: KUSI 51

text: KUSI 51

question: Which television station began broadcasting on May 16, 1994?

text: KFMB

question: What is San Francisco's cable penetration rate?

text: 80.6 percent

question: Why was San Diego ineligible for two VHF channels?

question: In what year did VHF channels beging being licensed by the FCC?

question: What dependent station is in San Diego?

text: KUSI 51


text: Evidence of Anatomically modern humans in the Indian subcontinent is recorded as long as 75,000 years ago, or with earlier hominids including Homo erectus from about 500,000 years ago. The Indus Valley Civilization which spread and flourished in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent from c. 3200 to 1300 BCE, was the first major civilization in South Asia. A sophisticated and technologically advanced urban culture developed in the Mature Harappan period, from 2600 to 1900 BCE. This civilization collapsed at the start of the second millennium BCE and was later followed by the Iron Age Vedic Civilization, which extended over much of the Indo-Gangetic plain and which witnessed the rise of major polities known as the Mahajanapadas. In one of these kingdoms, Magadha, Mahavira and Gautama Buddha propagated their Shramanic philosophies during the fifth and sixth century BCE.

title: History_of_India

title: History_of_India

text: Evidence

text: of

text: Anatomically

text: modern

text: humans

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: is

text: recorded

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: years

text: ago

text: or

text: with

text: earlier

text: hominids

text: including

text: Homo

text: erectus

text: from

text: about

text: years

text: ago

text: The

text: Indus

text: Valley

text: Civilization

text: which

text: spread

text: and

text: flourished

text: in

text: the

text: northwestern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: from

text: c.

text: to

text: BCE

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: major

text: civilization

text: in

text: South

text: Asia

text: A

text: sophisticated

text: and

text: technologically

text: advanced

text: urban

text: culture

text: developed

text: in

text: the

text: Mature

text: Harappan

text: period

text: from

text: to

text: BCE

text: This

text: civilization

text: collapsed

text: at

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: second

text: millennium

text: BCE

text: and

text: was

text: later

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: Iron

text: Age

text: Vedic

text: Civilization

text: which

text: extended

text: over

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: Indo

text: Gangetic

text: plain

text: and

text: which

text: witnessed

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: major

text: polities

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Mahajanapadas

text: In

text: one

text: of

text: these

text: kingdoms

text: Magadha

text: Mahavira

text: and

text: Gautama

text: Buddha

text: propagated

text: their

text: Shramanic

text: philosophies

text: during

text: the

text: fifth

text: and

text: sixth

text: century

text: BCE

question: For how long have modern humans lived on the Indian subcontinent?

answer: 75,000 years

text: 75,000 years

question: How long ago did earlier hominids live on the Indian subcontinent?

answer: 500,000 years ago

text: 500,000 years ago

question: When did the Indus Valley Civilization thrive on the Indian subcontinent?

answer: c. 3200 to 1300 BCE

text: c. 3200 to 1300 BCE

question: What was the first major civilization in South Asia?

answer: Indus Valley Civilization

text: Indus Valley Civilization

question: What was the span of the Mature Harappan period?

answer: 2600 to 1900 BCE

text: 2600 to 1900 BCE


text: Houston was founded in 1836 on land near the banks of Buffalo Bayou (now known as Allen's Landing) and incorporated as a city on June 5, 1837. The city was named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had commanded and won at the Battle of San Jacinto 25 miles (40 km) east of where the city was established. The burgeoning port and railroad industry, combined with oil discovery in 1901, has induced continual surges in the city's population. In the mid-twentieth century, Houston became the home of the Texas Medical Center—the world's largest concentration of healthcare and research institutions—and NASA's Johnson Space Center, where the Mission Control Center is located.

title: Houston

title: Houston

text: Houston

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: on

text: land

text: near

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: Buffalo

text: Bayou

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: Allen

text: 's

text: Landing

text: and

text: incorporated

text: as

text: a

text: city

text: on

text: June

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: named

text: after

text: former

text: General

text: Sam

text: Houston

text: who

text: was

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Texas

text: and

text: had

text: commanded

text: and

text: won

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: San

text: Jacinto

text: miles

text: km

text: east

text: of

text: where

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: established

text: The

text: burgeoning

text: port

text: and

text: railroad

text: industry

text: combined

text: with

text: oil

text: discovery

text: in

text: has

text: induced

text: continual

text: surges

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: population

text: In

text: the

text: mid

text: twentieth

text: century

text: Houston

text: became

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: Texas

text: Medical

text: Center

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: concentration

text: of

text: healthcare

text: and

text: research

text: institutions

text: and

text: NASA

text: 's

text: Johnson

text: Space

text: Center

text: where

text: the

text: Mission

text: Control

text: Center

text: is

text: located

question: When was Houston founded?

answer: 1836

question: Where is Allen's Landing?

answer: Buffalo Bayou

text: Buffalo Bayou

question: When was the City of Houston incorporated?

answer: June 5, 1837

text: June 5, 1837

question: For whom was Houston named?

answer: Sam Houston

text: Sam Houston

question: For what battle was Sam Houston known as commander?

answer: Battle of San Jacinto

text: Battle of San Jacinto

question: Where is Fallan's Landing?

text: Buffalo Bayou

question: What used to be known as Allan's Landing

text: Buffalo Bayou

question: What happened in 1837?

text: Houston was founded

question: When was the City of Houston unincorporated?

text: June 5, 1837


text: Even though there is a broad scientific agreement that essentialist and typological conceptualizations of race are untenable, scientists around the world continue to conceptualize race in widely differing ways, some of which have essentialist implications. While some researchers sometimes use the concept of race to make distinctions among fuzzy sets of traits, others in the scientific community suggest that the idea of race often is used in a naive or simplistic way,[page needed] and argue that, among humans, race has no taxonomic significance by pointing out that all living humans belong to the same species, Homo sapiens, and subspecies, Homo sapiens sapiens.

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: Even

text: though

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: broad

text: scientific

text: agreement

text: that

text: essentialist

text: and

text: typological

text: conceptualizations

text: of

text: race

text: are

text: untenable

text: scientists

text: around

text: the

text: world

text: continue

text: to

text: conceptualize

text: race

text: in

text: widely

text: differing

text: ways

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: have

text: essentialist

text: implications

text: While

text: some

text: researchers

text: sometimes

text: use

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: race

text: to

text: make

text: distinctions

text: among

text: fuzzy

text: sets

text: of

text: traits

text: others

text: in

text: the

text: scientific

text: community

text: suggest

text: that

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: race

text: often

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: a

text: naive

text: or

text: simplistic

text: way,[page

text: needed

text: and

text: argue

text: that

text: among

text: humans

text: race

text: has

text: no

text: taxonomic

text: significance

text: by

text: pointing

text: out

text: that

text: all

text: living

text: humans

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: same

text: species

text: Homo

text: sapiens

text: and

text: subspecies

text: Homo

text: sapiens

text: sapiens

question: What do all living humans belong to?

answer: the same species

text: the same species

question: What species are all humans?

answer: Homo sapiens

text: Homo sapiens

question: Race has no taxonomic significance among whom?

answer: humans

text: humans

question: What set of traits do some scientists use race to make distinctions among?

answer: fuzzy

text: fuzzy

question: How do scientists around the world continue to conceptualize race?

answer: in widely differing ways

text: in widely differing ways