text: Dvaitādvaita was proposed by Nimbarka, a 13th-century Vaishnava Philosopher from the Andhra region. According to this philosophy there are three categories of existence: Brahman, soul, and matter. Soul and matter are different from Brahman in that they have attributes and capacities different from Brahman. Brahman exists independently, while soul and matter are dependent. Thus soul and matter have an existence that is separate yet dependent. Further, Brahman is a controller, the soul is the enjoyer, and matter the thing enjoyed. Also, the highest object of worship is Krishna and his consort Radha, attended by thousands of gopis; of the Vrindavan; and devotion consists in self-surrender.

title: Hindu_philosophy

title: Hindu_philosophy

text: Dvaitādvaita

text: was

text: proposed

text: by

text: Nimbarka

text: a

text: century

text: Vaishnava

text: Philosopher

text: from

text: the

text: Andhra

text: region

text: According

text: to

text: this

text: philosophy

text: there

text: are

text: three

text: categories

text: of

text: existence

text: Brahman

text: soul

text: and

text: matter

text: Soul

text: and

text: matter

text: are

text: different

text: from

text: Brahman

text: in

text: that

text: they

text: have

text: attributes

text: and

text: capacities

text: different

text: from

text: Brahman

text: Brahman

text: exists

text: independently

text: while

text: soul

text: and

text: matter

text: are

text: dependent

text: Thus

text: soul

text: and

text: matter

text: have

text: an

text: existence

text: that

text: is

text: separate

text: yet

text: dependent

text: Further

text: Brahman

text: is

text: a

text: controller

text: the

text: soul

text: is

text: the

text: enjoyer

text: and

text: matter

text: the

text: thing

text: enjoyed

text: Also

text: the

text: highest

text: object

text: of

text: worship

text: is

text: Krishna

text: and

text: his

text: consort

text: Radha

text: attended

text: by

text: thousands

text: of

text: gopis

text: of

text: the

text: Vrindavan

text: and

text: devotion

text: consists

text: in

text: self

text: surrender

question: What early philosopher proposed Dvaitadvaita?

answer: Nimbarka

text: Nimbarka

question: In what century did Nimbarka live?

answer: 13th-century

question: How many categories of existence are there in Dvaitadvaita?

answer: three

text: three

question: What are the categories of existence in Dvaitadvaita?

answer: Brahman, soul, and matter

text: Brahman, soul, and matter

question: Who is named as the highest entity worshiped in Dvaitadvaita?

answer: Krishna

text: Krishna

question: Which two categories are independent?

text: soul and matter

question: Who is Radha's consort?

text: Krishna

question: How many gopis attended Nimbarka?

text: thousands

question: Who is not worshiped in Dvaitadvaita?

text: Krishna

question: What controls Brahman?

text: Soul and matter


text: The etymology of the name Bern is uncertain. According to the local legend, based on folk etymology, Berchtold V, Duke of Zähringen, the founder of the city of Bern, vowed to name the city after the first animal he met on the hunt, and this turned out to be a bear. It has long been considered likely that the city was named after the Italian city of Verona, which at the time was known as Bern in Middle High German. As a result of the find of the Bern zinc tablet in the 1980s, it is now more common to assume that the city was named after a pre-existing toponym of Celtic origin, possibly *berna "cleft". The bear was the heraldic animal of the seal and coat of arms of Bern from at least the 1220s. The earliest reference to the keeping of live bears in the Bärengraben dates to the 1440s.

title: Bern

title: Bern

text: The

text: etymology

text: of

text: the

text: name

text: Bern

text: is

text: uncertain

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: local

text: legend

text: based

text: on

text: folk

text: etymology

text: Berchtold

text: V

text: Duke

text: of

text: Zähringen

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Bern

text: vowed

text: to

text: name

text: the

text: city

text: after

text: the

text: first

text: animal

text: he

text: met

text: on

text: the

text: hunt

text: and

text: this

text: turned

text: out

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: bear

text: It

text: has

text: long

text: been

text: considered

text: likely

text: that

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: Italian

text: city

text: of

text: Verona

text: which

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: Bern

text: in

text: Middle

text: High

text: German

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: find

text: of

text: the

text: Bern

text: zinc

text: tablet

text: in

text: the

text: it

text: is

text: now

text: more

text: common

text: to

text: assume

text: that

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: named

text: after

text: a

text: pre

text: existing

text: toponym

text: of

text: Celtic

text: origin

text: possibly

text: berna

text: cleft

text: The

text: bear

text: was

text: the

text: heraldic

text: animal

text: of

text: the

text: seal

text: and

text: coat

text: of

text: arms

text: of

text: Bern

text: from

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: The

text: earliest

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: keeping

text: of

text: live

text: bears

text: in

text: the

text: Bärengraben

text: dates

text: to

text: the

question: What animal is on the seal and coat of arms of Bern?

answer: bear

text: bear

question: What live animals did they keep in the Bärengraben?

answer: bears

text: bears

question: What is the earliest that they kept live bears in the Bärengraben?

answer: 1440s.


text: Sho-1 called for V. Adm. Jisaburo Ozawa's force to use an apparently vulnerable carrier force to lure the U.S. 3rd Fleet away from Leyte and remove air cover from the Allied landing forces, which would then be attacked from the west by three Japanese forces: V. Adm. Takeo Kurita's force would enter Leyte Gulf and attack the landing forces; R. Adm. Shoji Nishimura's force and V. Adm. Kiyohide Shima's force would act as mobile strike forces. The plan was likely to result in the destruction of one or more of the Japanese forces, but Toyoda justified it by saying that there would be no sense in saving the fleet and losing the Philippines.

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: called

text: for

text: V.

text: Adm.

text: Jisaburo

text: Ozawa

text: 's

text: force

text: to

text: use

text: an

text: apparently

text: vulnerable

text: carrier

text: force

text: to

text: lure

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Fleet

text: away

text: from

text: Leyte

text: and

text: remove

text: air

text: cover

text: from

text: the

text: Allied

text: landing

text: forces

text: which

text: would

text: then

text: be

text: attacked

text: from

text: the

text: west

text: by

text: three

text: Japanese

text: forces

text: V.

text: Adm.

text: Takeo

text: Kurita

text: 's

text: force

text: would

text: enter

text: Leyte

text: Gulf

text: and

text: attack

text: the

text: landing

text: forces

text: R.

text: Adm.

text: Shoji

text: Nishimura

text: 's

text: force

text: and

text: V.

text: Adm.

text: Kiyohide

text: Shima

text: 's

text: force

text: would

text: act

text: as

text: mobile

text: strike

text: forces

text: The

text: plan

text: was

text: likely

text: to

text: result

text: in

text: the

text: destruction

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: of

text: the

text: Japanese

text: forces

text: but

text: Toyoda

text: justified

text: it

text: by

text: saying

text: that

text: there

text: would

text: be

text: no

text: sense

text: in

text: saving

text: the

text: fleet

text: and

text: losing

text: the

text: Philippines

question: What was the namee of the plan where Ozawa's force would lure the U.S. 3rd Fleet away from Leyte?

answer: Sho-1

question: Who would enter Leyte Gulf to attack the Allied landing forces?

answer: V. Adm. Takeo Kurita

text: V. Adm. Takeo Kurita

question: How many Japanese forces were likely to be destroyed?

answer: one or more

text: one or more


text: He also invested in a shopping mall in Columbus, Ohio. He has talked about some of those who have helped him over the years in business: "I couldn't have learned about business without a parade of teachers guiding me... from Milton Friedman to Donald Trump... and now, Les Wexner and Warren Buffett. I even learned a thing or two from Planet Hollywood, such as when to get out! And I did!" He has significant ownership in Dimensional Fund Advisors, an investment firm. Schwarzenegger is also the owner of Arnold's Sports Festival, which he started in 1989 and is held annually in Columbus, Ohio. It is a festival that hosts thousands of international health and fitness professionals which has also expanded into a three-day expo. He also owns a movie production company called Oak Productions, Inc. and Fitness Publications, a joint publishing venture with Simon & Schuster.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: He

text: also

text: invested

text: in

text: a

text: shopping

text: mall

text: in

text: Columbus

text: Ohio

text: He

text: has

text: talked

text: about

text: some

text: of

text: those

text: who

text: have

text: helped

text: him

text: over

text: the

text: years

text: in

text: business

text: I

text: could

text: n't

text: have

text: learned

text: about

text: business

text: without

text: a

text: parade

text: of

text: teachers

text: guiding

text: me

text: from

text: Milton

text: Friedman

text: to

text: Donald

text: Trump

text: and

text: now

text: Les

text: Wexner

text: and

text: Warren

text: Buffett

text: I

text: even

text: learned

text: a

text: thing

text: or

text: two

text: from

text: Planet

text: Hollywood

text: such

text: as

text: when

text: to

text: get

text: out

text: And

text: I

text: did

text: He

text: has

text: significant

text: ownership

text: in

text: Dimensional

text: Fund

text: Advisors

text: an

text: investment

text: firm

text: Schwarzenegger

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: owner

text: of

text: Arnold

text: 's

text: Sports

text: Festival

text: which

text: he

text: started

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: held

text: annually

text: in

text: Columbus

text: Ohio

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: festival

text: that

text: hosts

text: thousands

text: of

text: international

text: health

text: and

text: fitness

text: professionals

text: which

text: has

text: also

text: expanded

text: into

text: a

text: three

text: day

text: expo

text: He

text: also

text: owns

text: a

text: movie

text: production

text: company

text: called

text: Oak

text: Productions

text: Inc.

text: and

text: Fitness

text: Publications

text: a

text: joint

text: publishing

text: venture

text: with

text: Simon

text: Schuster

question: What investment firm does Schwarzenegger maintain partial ownership of?

answer: Dimensional Fund Advisors

text: Dimensional Fund Advisors

question: What city hosts Arnold's Sports Festival each year?

answer: Columbus, Ohio

text: Columbus, Ohio

question: What's the name of Schwarzenegger's film production company?

answer: Oak Productions, Inc.

text: Oak Productions, Inc.

question: What renowned publishing company partners with Schwarzenegger in Fitness Publications?

answer: Simon & Schuster

text: Simon & Schuster


text: Copyright infringement is the use of works protected by copyright law without permission, infringing certain exclusive rights granted to the copyright holder, such as the right to reproduce, distribute, display or perform the protected work, or to make derivative works. The copyright holder is typically the work's creator, or a publisher or other business to whom copyright has been assigned. Copyright holders routinely invoke legal and technological measures to prevent and penalize copyright infringement.

title: Copyright_infringement

title: Copyright_infringement

text: Copyright

text: infringement

text: is

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: works

text: protected

text: by

text: copyright

text: law

text: without

text: permission

text: infringing

text: certain

text: exclusive

text: rights

text: granted

text: to

text: the

text: copyright

text: holder

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: reproduce

text: distribute

text: display

text: or

text: perform

text: the

text: protected

text: work

text: or

text: to

text: make

text: derivative

text: works

text: The

text: copyright

text: holder

text: is

text: typically

text: the

text: work

text: 's

text: creator

text: or

text: a

text: publisher

text: or

text: other

text: business

text: to

text: whom

text: copyright

text: has

text: been

text: assigned

text: Copyright

text: holders

text: routinely

text: invoke

text: legal

text: and

text: technological

text: measures

text: to

text: prevent

text: and

text: penalize

text: copyright

text: infringement

question: What are the rights of a content creator that has their work protected?

answer: right to reproduce, distribute, display or perform the protected work, or to make derivative works

text: right to reproduce, distribute, display or perform the protected work, or to make derivative works

question: How do creators of content protect their work from infringement?

answer: copyright law

text: copyright law

question: Who is protected by copyright laws?

answer: work's creator

text: work's creator

question: What is it called when someone uploads a video to YouTube without the creators permission?

answer: copyright infringement

text: copyright infringement

question: You wrote a song that was based on an original work, what is this called?

answer: derivative works

text: derivative works

question: How do creators of content not protect their work from infringement?

question: What are the rights of a content creator that has their work unprotected?

question: Who is unprotected by copyright laws?

question: You wrote a song that was based on an unoriginal work, what is this called?

text: to make derivative works

question: What is it called when someone uploads a video to YouTube with the creators permission?

text: Copyright infringement


text: The state seemed at relative calm compared to the rest of the country due to its close ties to the United States until 1841. In 1843 the possibility of war was anticipated by the state government and it began to reinforce the defense lines along the political boundary with Texas. Supplies of weapons were sent to fully equip the military and took steps to improve efficiency at the presidios. Later, the Regimen for the Defenders of the Border were organized by the state which were made up of: light cavalry, four squads of two brigades, and a small force of 14 men and 42 officials at the price of 160,603 pesos per year. During the beginning of the 1840s, private citizens took it upon themselves to stop the commercial caravans of supplies from the United States, but being so far away from the large suppliers in central Mexico the caravan was allowed to continue in March 1844. Continuing to anticipate a war, the state legislature on July 11, 1846 by decree enlisted 6,000 men to serve along the border; during that time Ángel Trías quickly rose to power by portraying zealous anti-American rhetoric. Trías took the opportunity to dedicate important state resources to gain economic concessions from the people and loans from many municipalities in preparation to defend the state; he used all the money he received to equip and organize a large volunteer militia. Ángel Trías took measures for state self-dependence in regards to state militia due to the diminishing financial support from the federal government.

title: Chihuahua_(state)

title: Chihuahua_(state

text: The

text: state

text: seemed

text: at

text: relative

text: calm

text: compared

text: to

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: close

text: ties

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: until

text: In

text: the

text: possibility

text: of

text: war

text: was

text: anticipated

text: by

text: the

text: state

text: government

text: and

text: it

text: began

text: to

text: reinforce

text: the

text: defense

text: lines

text: along

text: the

text: political

text: boundary

text: with

text: Texas

text: Supplies

text: of

text: weapons

text: were

text: sent

text: to

text: fully

text: equip

text: the

text: military

text: and

text: took

text: steps

text: to

text: improve

text: efficiency

text: at

text: the

text: presidios

text: Later

text: the

text: Regimen

text: for

text: the

text: Defenders

text: of

text: the

text: Border

text: were

text: organized

text: by

text: the

text: state

text: which

text: were

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: light

text: cavalry

text: four

text: squads

text: of

text: two

text: brigades

text: and

text: a

text: small

text: force

text: of

text: men

text: and

text: officials

text: at

text: the

text: price

text: of

text: pesos

text: per

text: year

text: During

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: private

text: citizens

text: took

text: it

text: upon

text: themselves

text: to

text: stop

text: the

text: commercial

text: caravans

text: of

text: supplies

text: from

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: but

text: being

text: so

text: far

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: large

text: suppliers

text: in

text: central

text: Mexico

text: the

text: caravan

text: was

text: allowed

text: to

text: continue

text: in

text: March

text: Continuing

text: to

text: anticipate

text: a

text: war

text: the

text: state

text: legislature

text: on

text: July

text: by

text: decree

text: enlisted

text: men

text: to

text: serve

text: along

text: the

text: border

text: during

text: that

text: time

text: Ángel

text: Trías

text: quickly

text: rose

text: to

text: power

text: by

text: portraying

text: zealous

text: anti

text: American

text: rhetoric

text: Trías

text: took

text: the

text: opportunity

text: to

text: dedicate

text: important

text: state

text: resources

text: to

text: gain

text: economic

text: concessions

text: from

text: the

text: people

text: and

text: loans

text: from

text: many

text: municipalities

text: in

text: preparation

text: to

text: defend

text: the

text: state

text: he

text: used

text: all

text: the

text: money

text: he

text: received

text: to

text: equip

text: and

text: organize

text: a

text: large

text: volunteer

text: militia

text: Ángel

text: Trías

text: took

text: measures

text: for

text: state

text: self

text: dependence

text: in

text: regards

text: to

text: state

text: militia

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: diminishing

text: financial

text: support

text: from

text: the

text: federal

text: government

question: Until what year did the state remain calm?

answer: 1841

question: In which year did the state begin to reinforce defense?

answer: 1843

question: What was the price of the small force along the border?

answer: 160,603 pesos per year

text: 160,603 pesos per year

question: The state decreed that how many men serve along the border in 1846?

answer: 6,000

question: Who took measures to the state level for self-dependence due to diminishing financial support from the federal government?

answer: Ángel Trías

text: Ángel Trías


text: The total number of Chinese characters from past to present remains unknowable because new ones are developed all the time – for instance, brands may create new characters when none of the existing ones allow for the intended meaning. Chinese characters are theoretically an open set and anyone can create new characters, though such inventions are rarely included in official character sets. The number of entries in major Chinese dictionaries is the best means of estimating the historical growth of character inventory.

title: Chinese_characters

title: Chinese_characters

text: The

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: Chinese

text: characters

text: from

text: past

text: to

text: present

text: remains

text: unknowable

text: because

text: new

text: ones

text: are

text: developed

text: all

text: the

text: time

text: for

text: instance

text: brands

text: may

text: create

text: new

text: characters

text: when

text: of

text: the

text: existing

text: ones

text: allow

text: for

text: the

text: intended

text: meaning

text: Chinese

text: characters

text: are

text: theoretically

text: an

text: open

text: set

text: and

text: anyone

text: can

text: create

text: new

text: characters

text: though

text: such

text: inventions

text: are

text: rarely

text: included

text: in

text: official

text: character

text: sets

text: The

text: number

text: of

text: entries

text: in

text: major

text: Chinese

text: dictionaries

text: is

text: the

text: best

text: means

text: of

text: estimating

text: the

text: historical

text: growth

text: of

text: character

text: inventory

question: What remains unknowable?

answer: The total number of Chinese characters from past to present

text: The total number of Chinese characters from past to present

question: What becomes developed all the time?

answer: Chinese characters

text: Chinese characters

question: What is the best means of estimating the historical growth of character inventory?

answer: number of entries in major Chinese dictionaries

text: number of entries in major Chinese dictionaries


text: Through the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, various methods to improve the dynamic range of mass-produced records involved highly advanced disc cutting equipment. These techniques, marketed, to name two, as the CBS DisComputer and Teldec Direct Metal Mastering, were used to reduce inner-groove distortion. RCA Victor introduced another system to reduce dynamic range and achieve a groove with less surface noise under the commercial name of Dynagroove. Two main elements were combined: another disk material with less surface noise in the groove and dynamic compression for masking background noise. Sometimes this was called "diaphragming" the source material and not favoured by some music lovers for its unnatural side effects. Both elements were reflected in the brandname of Dynagroove, described elsewhere in more detail. It also used the earlier advanced method of forward-looking control on groove spacing with respect to volume of sound and position on the disk. Lower recorded volume used closer spacing; higher recorded volume used wider spacing, especially with lower frequencies. Also, the higher track density at lower volumes enabled disk recordings to end farther away from the disk center than usual, helping to reduce endtrack distortion even further.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: Through

text: the

text: and

text: various

text: methods

text: to

text: improve

text: the

text: dynamic

text: range

text: of

text: mass

text: produced

text: records

text: involved

text: highly

text: advanced

text: disc

text: cutting

text: equipment

text: These

text: techniques

text: marketed

text: to

text: name

text: two

text: as

text: the

text: CBS

text: DisComputer

text: and

text: Teldec

text: Direct

text: Metal

text: Mastering

text: were

text: used

text: to

text: reduce

text: inner

text: groove

text: distortion

text: RCA

text: Victor

text: introduced

text: another

text: system

text: to

text: reduce

text: dynamic

text: range

text: and

text: achieve

text: a

text: groove

text: with

text: less

text: surface

text: noise

text: under

text: the

text: commercial

text: name

text: of

text: Dynagroove

text: Two

text: main

text: elements

text: were

text: combined

text: another

text: disk

text: material

text: with

text: less

text: surface

text: noise

text: in

text: the

text: groove

text: and

text: dynamic

text: compression

text: for

text: masking

text: background

text: noise

text: Sometimes

text: this

text: was

text: called

text: diaphragming

text: the

text: source

text: material

text: and

text: not

text: favoured

text: by

text: some

text: music

text: lovers

text: for

text: its

text: unnatural

text: side

text: effects

text: Both

text: elements

text: were

text: reflected

text: in

text: the

text: brandname

text: of

text: Dynagroove

text: described

text: elsewhere

text: in

text: more

text: detail

text: It

text: also

text: used

text: the

text: earlier

text: advanced

text: method

text: of

text: forward

text: looking

text: control

text: on

text: groove

text: spacing

text: with

text: respect

text: to

text: volume

text: of

text: sound

text: and

text: position

text: on

text: the

text: disk

text: Lower

text: recorded

text: volume

text: used

text: closer

text: spacing

text: higher

text: recorded

text: volume

text: used

text: wider

text: spacing

text: especially

text: with

text: lower

text: frequencies

text: Also

text: the

text: higher

text: track

text: density

text: at

text: lower

text: volumes

text: enabled

text: disk

text: recordings

text: to

text: end

text: farther

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: disk

text: center

text: than

text: usual

text: helping

text: to

text: reduce

text: endtrack

text: distortion

text: even

text: further

question: What technique were used to reduce inner-groove distortion?

answer: CBS DisComputer and Teldec Direct Metal Mastering

text: CBS DisComputer and Teldec Direct Metal Mastering

question: Who developed the Dynagroove format?

answer: RCA Victor

text: RCA Victor

question: Why did some music lovers frown upon diaphragming?

answer: unnatural side effects

text: unnatural side effects

question: What did closer groove spacing result in?

answer: Lower recorded volume

text: Lower recorded volume

question: What would be found with higher recorded volumes?

answer: wider spacing

text: wider spacing


text: The effective area or effective aperture of a receiving antenna expresses the portion of the power of a passing electromagnetic wave which it delivers to its terminals, expressed in terms of an equivalent area. For instance, if a radio wave passing a given location has a flux of 1 pW / m2 (10−12 watts per square meter) and an antenna has an effective area of 12 m2, then the antenna would deliver 12 pW of RF power to the receiver (30 microvolts rms at 75 ohms). Since the receiving antenna is not equally sensitive to signals received from all directions, the effective area is a function of the direction to the source.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: The

text: effective

text: area

text: or

text: effective

text: aperture

text: of

text: a

text: receiving

text: antenna

text: expresses

text: the

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: a

text: passing

text: electromagnetic

text: wave

text: which

text: it

text: delivers

text: to

text: its

text: terminals

text: expressed

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: an

text: equivalent

text: area

text: For

text: instance

text: if

text: a

text: radio

text: wave

text: passing

text: a

text: given

text: location

text: has

text: a

text: flux

text: of

text: pW

text: watts

text: per

text: square

text: meter

text: and

text: an

text: antenna

text: has

text: an

text: effective

text: area

text: of

text: then

text: the

text: antenna

text: would

text: deliver

text: pW

text: of

text: RF

text: power

text: to

text: the

text: receiver

text: microvolts

text: rms

text: at

text: ohms

text: Since

text: the

text: receiving

text: antenna

text: is

text: not

text: equally

text: sensitive

text: to

text: signals

text: received

text: from

text: all

text: directions

text: the

text: effective

text: area

text: is

text: a

text: function

text: of

text: the

text: direction

text: to

text: the

text: source

question: What is the portion of something that is reached by the radio transmission called?

answer: aperture

text: aperture

question: What is a measure of the power of an antenna?

answer: microvolts

text: microvolts

question: What effects the function of signals received by an antenna?

answer: direction

text: direction

question: How much power will be delivered to the reciever if the antenna has an effective area of 12 m/2?

answer: 12 pW of RF power

text: 12 pW of RF power


text: The last ruler from the Ptolemaic line was Cleopatra VII, who committed suicide following the burial of her lover Mark Antony who had died in her arms (from a self-inflicted stab wound), after Octavian had captured Alexandria and her mercenary forces had fled. The Ptolemies faced rebellions of native Egyptians often caused by an unwanted regime and were involved in foreign and civil wars that led to the decline of the kingdom and its annexation by Rome. Nevertheless, Hellenistic culture continued to thrive in Egypt well after the Muslim conquest.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: The

text: last

text: ruler

text: from

text: the

text: Ptolemaic

text: line

text: was

text: Cleopatra

text: VII

text: who

text: committed

text: suicide

text: following

text: the

text: burial

text: of

text: her

text: lover

text: Mark

text: Antony

text: who

text: had

text: died

text: in

text: her

text: arms

text: from

text: a

text: self

text: inflicted

text: stab

text: wound

text: after

text: Octavian

text: had

text: captured

text: Alexandria

text: and

text: her

text: mercenary

text: forces

text: had

text: fled

text: The

text: Ptolemies

text: faced

text: rebellions

text: of

text: native

text: Egyptians

text: often

text: caused

text: by

text: an

text: unwanted

text: regime

text: and

text: were

text: involved

text: in

text: foreign

text: and

text: civil

text: wars

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: decline

text: of

text: the

text: kingdom

text: and

text: its

text: annexation

text: by

text: Rome

text: Nevertheless

text: Hellenistic

text: culture

text: continued

text: to

text: thrive

text: in

text: Egypt

text: well

text: after

text: the

text: Muslim

text: conquest

question: Who was last ruler of Ptolemaic Kingdom?

answer: Cleopatra VII

text: Cleopatra VII

question: Who captured Alexandria, ending Ptolemaic rule?

answer: Octavian

text: Octavian

question: How did Mark Anthony's love die?

answer: suicide

text: suicide

question: What culture annexed Egypt?

answer: Rome

text: Rome


text: In June 2009 the first major building work at the abbey for 250 years was proposed. A corona—a crown-like architectural feature—was intended to be built around the lantern over the central crossing, replacing an existing pyramidal structure dating from the 1950s. This was part of a wider £23m development of the abbey expected to be completed in 2013. On 4 August 2010 the Dean and Chapter announced that, "[a]fter a considerable amount of preliminary and exploratory work", efforts toward the construction of a corona would not be continued. In 2012, architects Panter Hudspith completed refurbishment of the 14th-century food-store originally used by the abbey's monks, converting it into a restaurant with English Oak furniture by Covent Garden-based furniture makers Luke Hughes and Company.

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: In

text: June

text: the

text: first

text: major

text: building

text: work

text: at

text: the

text: abbey

text: for

text: years

text: was

text: proposed

text: A

text: corona

text: a

text: crown

text: like

text: architectural

text: feature

text: was

text: intended

text: to

text: be

text: built

text: around

text: the

text: lantern

text: over

text: the

text: central

text: crossing

text: replacing

text: an

text: existing

text: pyramidal

text: structure

text: dating

text: from

text: the

text: This

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: wider

text: m

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: abbey

text: expected

text: to

text: be

text: completed

text: in

text: On

text: August

text: the

text: Dean

text: and

text: Chapter

text: announced

text: that

text: a]fter

text: a

text: considerable

text: amount

text: of

text: preliminary

text: and

text: exploratory

text: work

text: efforts

text: toward

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: a

text: corona

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: continued

text: In

text: architects

text: Panter

text: Hudspith

text: completed

text: refurbishment

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: food

text: store

text: originally

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: abbey

text: 's

text: monks

text: converting

text: it

text: into

text: a

text: restaurant

text: with

text: English

text: Oak

text: furniture

text: by

text: Covent

text: Garden

text: based

text: furniture

text: makers

text: Luke

text: Hughes

text: and

text: Company

question: What was proposed for the abbey in June 2009?

answer: major building work

text: major building work

question: On what date did the Dean and Chapter announce that work would not be continued?

answer: 4 August 2010

text: 4 August 2010

question: Panter Hudspith refurbished a 14th-century foodstore into what?

answer: a restaurant

text: a restaurant

question: What kind of furniture is in the restaurant?

answer: English Oak

text: English Oak

question: Who supplied the furniture for the restaurant?

answer: Luke Hughes and Company

text: Luke Hughes and Company

question: What was proposed for the abbey in June 2008?

text: major building work

question: On what date did the Dean and Chapter announce that work would be continued?

text: 4 August 2010

question: Panter Hudspith refurbished a 13th-century foodstore into what?

text: a restaurant

question: What kind of furniture isn't in the restaurant?

text: English Oak

question: Who never supplied the furniture for the restaurant?

text: Luke Hughes and Company


text: Old English (Ænglisc, Anglisc, Englisc) or Anglo-Saxon is the earliest historical form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages. It was brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers probably in the mid 5th century, and the first Old English literary works date from the mid 7th century. After the Norman Conquest of 1066, English was replaced for a time as the language of the upper classes by Anglo-Norman, a relative of French, and Old English developed into the next historical form of English, known as Middle English.

title: Old_English

title: Old_English

text: Old

text: English

text: Ænglisc

text: Anglisc

text: Englisc

text: or

text: Anglo

text: Saxon

text: is

text: the

text: earliest

text: historical

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: English

text: language

text: spoken

text: in

text: England

text: and

text: southern

text: and

text: eastern

text: Scotland

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: It

text: was

text: brought

text: to

text: Great

text: Britain

text: by

text: Anglo

text: Saxon

text: settlers

text: probably

text: in

text: the

text: mid

text: century

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: Old

text: English

text: literary

text: works

text: date

text: from

text: the

text: mid

text: century

text: After

text: the

text: Norman

text: Conquest

text: of

text: English

text: was

text: replaced

text: for

text: a

text: time

text: as

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: upper

text: classes

text: by

text: Anglo

text: Norman

text: a

text: relative

text: of

text: French

text: and

text: Old

text: English

text: developed

text: into

text: the

text: next

text: historical

text: form

text: of

text: English

text: known

text: as

text: Middle

text: English

question: What is the name of the English language's earliest form?

answer: Old English

text: Old English

question: In what parts of Scotland was Old English spoken?

answer: southern and eastern

text: southern and eastern

question: in what historical period was Old English spoken?

answer: the early Middle Ages

text: the early Middle Ages

question: What people brought Old English to Britain?

answer: Anglo-Saxon settlers

text: Anglo-Saxon settlers

question: What language developed from Old English?

answer: Middle English

text: Middle English

question: What is the oldest form of Anglo-Saxon?

text: Old English

question: What language first developed in Great Britain during the Middle Ages?

text: Anglo-Saxon

question: Who came to Great Britain in the 500's?

text: Anglo-Saxon settlers

question: What writing dates back to the mid 700's?

text: the first Old English literary works


text: The formal structure of the Qing government centered on the Emperor as the absolute ruler, who presided over six Boards (Ministries[c]), each headed by two presidents[d] and assisted by four vice presidents.[e] In contrast to the Ming system, however, Qing ethnic policy dictated that appointments were split between Manchu noblemen and Han officials who had passed the highest levels of the state examinations. The Grand Secretariat,[f] which had been an important policy-making body under the Ming, lost its importance during the Qing and evolved into an imperial chancery. The institutions which had been inherited from the Ming formed the core of the Qing "Outer Court," which handled routine matters and was located in the southern part of the Forbidden City.

title: Qing_dynasty

title: Qing_dynasty

text: The

text: formal

text: structure

text: of

text: the

text: Qing

text: government

text: centered

text: on

text: the

text: Emperor

text: as

text: the

text: absolute

text: ruler

text: who

text: presided

text: over

text: six

text: Boards

text: Ministries[c

text: each

text: headed

text: by

text: two

text: presidents[d

text: and

text: assisted

text: by

text: four

text: vice

text: presidents.[e

text: In

text: contrast

text: to

text: the

text: Ming

text: system

text: however

text: Qing

text: ethnic

text: policy

text: dictated

text: that

text: appointments

text: were

text: split

text: between

text: Manchu

text: noblemen

text: and

text: Han

text: officials

text: who

text: had

text: passed

text: the

text: highest

text: levels

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: examinations

text: The

text: Grand

text: Secretariat,[f

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: an

text: important

text: policy

text: making

text: body

text: under

text: the

text: Ming

text: lost

text: its

text: importance

text: during

text: the

text: Qing

text: and

text: evolved

text: into

text: an

text: imperial

text: chancery

text: The

text: institutions

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: inherited

text: from

text: the

text: Ming

text: formed

text: the

text: core

text: of

text: the

text: Qing

text: Outer

text: Court

text: which

text: handled

text: routine

text: matters

text: and

text: was

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Forbidden

text: City

question: Who was the main leader of the Qing?

answer: Emperor

text: Emperor

question: Which ethnicities made up the Qing government?

answer: Manchu noblemen and Han officials

text: Manchu noblemen and Han officials

question: What happened to the Grand Secretariat?

answer: evolved into an imperial chancery

text: evolved into an imperial chancery


text: Pan-Germanism's origins began in the early 19th century following the Napoleonic Wars. The wars launched a new movement that was born in France itself during the French Revolution. Nationalism during the 19th century threatened the old aristocratic regimes. Many ethnic groups of Central and Eastern Europe had been divided for centuries, ruled over by the old Monarchies of the Romanovs and the Habsburgs. Germans, for the most part, had been a loose and disunited people since the Reformation when the Holy Roman Empire was shattered into a patchwork of states. The new German nationalists, mostly young reformers such as Johann Tillmann of East Prussia, sought to unite all the German-speaking and ethnic-German (Volksdeutsche) people.

title: Germans

title: Germans

text: Pan

text: Germanism

text: 's

text: origins

text: began

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: following

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

text: The

text: wars

text: launched

text: a

text: new

text: movement

text: that

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: France

text: itself

text: during

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: Nationalism

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: threatened

text: the

text: old

text: aristocratic

text: regimes

text: Many

text: ethnic

text: groups

text: of

text: Central

text: and

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: had

text: been

text: divided

text: for

text: centuries

text: ruled

text: over

text: by

text: the

text: old

text: Monarchies

text: of

text: the

text: Romanovs

text: and

text: the

text: Habsburgs

text: Germans

text: for

text: the

text: most

text: part

text: had

text: been

text: a

text: loose

text: and

text: disunited

text: people

text: since

text: the

text: Reformation

text: when

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: was

text: shattered

text: into

text: a

text: patchwork

text: of

text: states

text: The

text: new

text: German

text: nationalists

text: mostly

text: young

text: reformers

text: such

text: as

text: Johann

text: Tillmann

text: of

text: East

text: Prussia

text: sought

text: to

text: unite

text: all

text: the

text: German

text: speaking

text: and

text: ethnic

text: German

text: Volksdeutsche

text: people

question: In what century did the Pan-Germanisms origins begin?

answer: 19th

question: What movement came out of the French Revolution?

answer: Nationalism

text: Nationalism

question: Who was threatened by Nationalism?

answer: aristocratic regimes

text: aristocratic regimes

question: Who ruled central and Eastern Europe during the 19th century?

answer: Romanovs and the Habsburgs

text: Romanovs and the Habsburgs

question: Where was Johann Tillmann from?

answer: East Prussia

text: East Prussia

question: What wars took place in the 1900's?

text: Napoleonic Wars

question: What movement began in Germany in the 1900's?

text: Nationalism

question: What people had been united since the Reformation?

text: Germans

question: What German wanted to unite all the ethnic-German people?

text: Johann Tillmann


text: As regards knowledge of languages, Tito replied that he spoke Serbo-Croatian, German, Russian, and some English. A biographer also stated that he spoke "Serbo-Croatian ... Russian, Czech, Slovenian ... German (with a Viennese accent) ... understands and reads French and Italian ... [and] also speaks Kirghiz."

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: As

text: regards

text: knowledge

text: of

text: languages

text: Tito

text: replied

text: that

text: he

text: spoke

text: Serbo

text: Croatian

text: German

text: Russian

text: and

text: some

text: English

text: A

text: biographer

text: also

text: stated

text: that

text: he

text: spoke

text: Serbo

text: Croatian

text: Russian

text: Czech

text: Slovenian

text: German

text: with

text: a

text: Viennese

text: accent

text: understands

text: and

text: reads

text: French

text: and

text: Italian

text: and

text: also

text: speaks

text: Kirghiz

question: With what accent did Tito speak German according to a biographer?

answer: Viennese

text: Viennese

question: How much English did Tito speak?

answer: some

text: some

question: Other than Serbo-Croatian, German, Russian, Czech, Slovenian and English, French and Italian, what language does Tito speak?

answer: Kirghiz

text: Kirghiz


text: Economist Paul Krugman and U.S. Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner explain the credit crisis via the implosion of the shadow banking system, which had grown to nearly equal the importance of the traditional commercial banking sector as described above. Without the ability to obtain investor funds in exchange for most types of mortgage-backed securities or asset-backed commercial paper, investment banks and other entities in the shadow banking system could not provide funds to mortgage firms and other corporations.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: Economist

text: Paul

text: Krugman

text: and

text: U.S.

text: Treasury

text: Secretary

text: Timothy

text: Geithner

text: explain

text: the

text: credit

text: crisis

text: via

text: the

text: implosion

text: of

text: the

text: shadow

text: banking

text: system

text: which

text: had

text: grown

text: to

text: nearly

text: equal

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: the

text: traditional

text: commercial

text: banking

text: sector

text: as

text: described

text: above

text: Without

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: obtain

text: investor

text: funds

text: in

text: exchange

text: for

text: most

text: types

text: of

text: mortgage

text: backed

text: securities

text: or

text: asset

text: backed

text: commercial

text: paper

text: investment

text: banks

text: and

text: other

text: entities

text: in

text: the

text: shadow

text: banking

text: system

text: could

text: not

text: provide

text: funds

text: to

text: mortgage

text: firms

text: and

text: other

text: corporations

question: Economist Paul Krugman explained the credit crisis via the implosion of which system?

answer: shadow banking system

text: shadow banking system

question: What is the system with nearly equal the importance of traditional commercial banking?

answer: shadow banking system

text: shadow banking system

question: The shadow banking system could not provide funds to mortgage firms and other corporations without the ability to obtain which funds?

answer: investor funds

text: investor funds

question: What was Timothy Geithner's position during the fall of 2008?

answer: U.S. Treasury Secretary

text: U.S. Treasury Secretary


text: The Republic of Liberia, beginning as a settlement of the American Colonization Society (ACS), declared its independence on July 26, 1847. The United States did not recognize Liberia's independence until during the American Civil War on February 5, 1862. Between January 7, 1822 and the American Civil War, more than 15,000 freed and free-born Black Americans from United States and 3,198 Afro-Caribbeans relocated to the settlement. The Black American settlers carried their culture with them to Liberia. The Liberian constitution and flag were modeled after the United States. In January 3, 1848 Joseph Jenkins Roberts, a wealthy free-born Black American from Virginia who settled in Liberia, was elected as Liberia's first president after the people proclaimed independence.

title: Liberia

title: Liberia

text: The

text: Republic

text: of

text: Liberia

text: beginning

text: as

text: a

text: settlement

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: Colonization

text: Society

text: ACS

text: declared

text: its

text: independence

text: on

text: July

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: did

text: not

text: recognize

text: Liberia

text: 's

text: independence

text: until

text: during

text: the

text: American

text: Civil

text: War

text: on

text: February

text: Between

text: January

text: and

text: the

text: American

text: Civil

text: War

text: more

text: than

text: freed

text: and

text: free

text: born

text: Black

text: Americans

text: from

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Afro

text: Caribbeans

text: relocated

text: to

text: the

text: settlement

text: The

text: Black

text: American

text: settlers

text: carried

text: their

text: culture

text: with

text: them

text: to

text: Liberia

text: The

text: Liberian

text: constitution

text: and

text: flag

text: were

text: modeled

text: after

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: In

text: January

text: Joseph

text: Jenkins

text: Roberts

text: a

text: wealthy

text: free

text: born

text: Black

text: American

text: from

text: Virginia

text: who

text: settled

text: in

text: Liberia

text: was

text: elected

text: as

text: Liberia

text: 's

text: first

text: president

text: after

text: the

text: people

text: proclaimed

text: independence

question: How did the republic of liberia begin?

answer: as a settlement of the American Colonization Society (ACS)

text: as a settlement of the American Colonization Society (ACS)

question: When did the Republic of Liberia declare it's independence?

answer: July 26, 1847

text: July 26, 1847

question: When did the united states recognize the republic of Liberia's independence?

answer: February 5, 1862. Between January 7, 182

text: February 5, 1862. Between January 7, 182

question: How many slaves were freed in the american civil war?

answer: more than 15,000

text: more than 15,000

question: What was the Liberian flag and constitution modeled after?

answer: the United States

text: the United States

question: What is the oldest country in Africa?

text: The Republic of Liberia

question: When did the American Civil War end?

text: February 5, 1862

question: How many Liberians fled to the United States during the Civil War?

question: Who led a coup to overthrow the Liberian government in 1948?

text: Joseph Jenkins Roberts

question: What country did Liberia gain independence from?

text: United States


text: The assertions of Chinese philosophy began to integrate concepts of Western philosophy, as steps toward modernization. By the time of the Xinhai Revolution in 1911, there were many calls, such as the May Fourth Movement, to completely abolish the old imperial institutions and practices of China. There were attempts to incorporate democracy, republicanism, and industrialism into Chinese philosophy, notably by Sun Yat-Sen (Sūn yì xiān, in one Mandarin form of the name) at the beginning of the 20th century. Mao Zedong (Máo zé dōng) added Marxist-Leninist thought. When the Communist Party of China took over power, previous schools of thought, excepting notably Legalism, were denounced as backward, and later even purged during the Cultural Revolution.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: The

text: assertions

text: of

text: Chinese

text: philosophy

text: began

text: to

text: integrate

text: concepts

text: of

text: Western

text: philosophy

text: as

text: steps

text: toward

text: modernization

text: By

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: Xinhai

text: Revolution

text: in

text: there

text: were

text: many

text: calls

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: May

text: Fourth

text: Movement

text: to

text: completely

text: abolish

text: the

text: old

text: imperial

text: institutions

text: and

text: practices

text: of

text: China

text: There

text: were

text: attempts

text: to

text: incorporate

text: democracy

text: republicanism

text: and

text: industrialism

text: into

text: Chinese

text: philosophy

text: notably

text: by

text: Sun

text: Yat

text: Sen

text: Sūn

text: yì

text: xiān

text: in

text: one

text: Mandarin

text: form

text: of

text: the

text: name

text: at

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Mao

text: Zedong

text: Máo

text: zé

text: dōng

text: added

text: Marxist

text: Leninist

text: thought

text: When

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: of

text: China

text: took

text: over

text: power

text: previous

text: schools

text: of

text: thought

text: excepting

text: notably

text: Legalism

text: were

text: denounced

text: as

text: backward

text: and

text: later

text: even

text: purged

text: during

text: the

text: Cultural

text: Revolution

question: Why did Chinese philosophy begin to mix with western concepts?

answer: as steps toward modernization

text: as steps toward modernization

question: When did the Xinhai Revolution begin?

answer: 1911

question: What is the May Forth Movement?

answer: to completely abolish the old imperial institutions and practices of China

text: to completely abolish the old imperial institutions and practices of China

question: What did Marxist-Leninst add to Chinese philosophy?

answer: Marxist-Leninist thought

text: Marxist-Leninist thought

question: During what event was Legalism abolished?

answer: the Cultural Revolution

text: the Cultural Revolution


text: In the 1820s, Boston's population grew rapidly, and the city's ethnic composition changed dramatically with the first wave of European immigrants. Irish immigrants dominated the first wave of newcomers during this period, especially following the Irish Potato Famine; by 1850, about 35,000 Irish lived in Boston. In the latter half of the 19th century, the city saw increasing numbers of Irish, Germans, Lebanese, Syrians, French Canadians, and Russian and Polish Jews settled in the city. By the end of the 19th century, Boston's core neighborhoods had become enclaves of ethnically distinct immigrants—Italians inhabited the North End, Irish dominated South Boston and Charlestown, and Russian Jews lived in the West End. Irish and Italian immigrants brought with them Roman Catholicism. Currently, Catholics make up Boston's largest religious community, and since the early 20th century, the Irish have played a major role in Boston politics—prominent figures include the Kennedys, Tip O'Neill, and John F. Fitzgerald.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: In

text: the

text: Boston

text: 's

text: population

text: grew

text: rapidly

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: ethnic

text: composition

text: changed

text: dramatically

text: with

text: the

text: first

text: wave

text: of

text: European

text: immigrants

text: Irish

text: immigrants

text: dominated

text: the

text: first

text: wave

text: of

text: newcomers

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: especially

text: following

text: the

text: Irish

text: Potato

text: Famine

text: by

text: about

text: Irish

text: lived

text: in

text: Boston

text: In

text: the

text: latter

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: city

text: saw

text: increasing

text: numbers

text: of

text: Irish

text: Germans

text: Lebanese

text: Syrians

text: French

text: Canadians

text: and

text: Russian

text: and

text: Polish

text: Jews

text: settled

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Boston

text: 's

text: core

text: neighborhoods

text: had

text: become

text: enclaves

text: of

text: ethnically

text: distinct

text: immigrants

text: Italians

text: inhabited

text: the

text: North

text: End

text: Irish

text: dominated

text: South

text: Boston

text: and

text: Charlestown

text: and

text: Russian

text: Jews

text: lived

text: in

text: the

text: West

text: End

text: Irish

text: and

text: Italian

text: immigrants

text: brought

text: with

text: them

text: Roman

text: Catholicism

text: Currently

text: Catholics

text: make

text: up

text: Boston

text: 's

text: largest

text: religious

text: community

text: and

text: since

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: the

text: Irish

text: have

text: played

text: a

text: major

text: role

text: in

text: Boston

text: politics

text: prominent

text: figures

text: include

text: the

text: Kennedys

text: Tip

text: O'Neill

text: and

text: John

text: F.

text: Fitzgerald

question: How did Boston's population change in the 1820's?

answer: Boston's population grew rapidly

text: Boston's population grew rapidly

question: The first Europen immigrants arrival changed what in Boston?

answer: the city's ethnic composition

text: the city's ethnic composition

question: What was the estimated population of Irish people living in Boston in 1850?

answer: about 35,000

text: about 35,000

question: What religion did Irish and Italian immigrants bring with them to Boston?

answer: Roman Catholicism

text: Roman Catholicism

question: What is Bostons largest religious group today?

answer: Catholics

text: Catholics


text: The Northern Mariana Islands had become a Japanese protectorate before the war. It was the Chamorros from the Northern Marianas who were brought to Guam to serve as interpreters and in other capacities for the occupying Japanese force. The Guamanian Chamorros were treated as an occupied enemy by the Japanese military. After the war, this would cause resentment between the Guamanian Chamorros and the Chamorros of the Northern Marianas. Guam's Chamorros believed their northern brethren should have been compassionate towards them, whereas having been occupied for over 30 years, the Northern Mariana Chamorros were loyal to Japan.

title: Guam

title: Guam

text: The

text: Northern

text: Mariana

text: Islands

text: had

text: become

text: a

text: Japanese

text: protectorate

text: before

text: the

text: war

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: Chamorros

text: from

text: the

text: Northern

text: Marianas

text: who

text: were

text: brought

text: to

text: Guam

text: to

text: serve

text: as

text: interpreters

text: and

text: in

text: other

text: capacities

text: for

text: the

text: occupying

text: Japanese

text: force

text: The

text: Guamanian

text: Chamorros

text: were

text: treated

text: as

text: an

text: occupied

text: enemy

text: by

text: the

text: Japanese

text: military

text: After

text: the

text: war

text: this

text: would

text: cause

text: resentment

text: between

text: the

text: Guamanian

text: Chamorros

text: and

text: the

text: Chamorros

text: of

text: the

text: Northern

text: Marianas

text: Guam

text: 's

text: Chamorros

text: believed

text: their

text: northern

text: brethren

text: should

text: have

text: been

text: compassionate

text: towards

text: them

text: whereas

text: having

text: been

text: occupied

text: for

text: over

text: years

text: the

text: Northern

text: Mariana

text: Chamorros

text: were

text: loyal

text: to

text: Japan

question: Why were the Chamorros brought to Guam?

answer: to serve as interpreters

text: to serve as interpreters

question: How were Guamanian Chamorro viewed by the Japanese?

answer: as an occupied enemy

text: as an occupied enemy

question: Who were loyal to Japan?

answer: Northern Mariana Chamorros

text: Northern Mariana Chamorros

question: How Northern Chamorro view Guamanian Chamorro?

text: enemy

question: For how many years did Japan occupy Guam?

question: For how many years before the war had the Northern Mariana Islands been a Japanese protectorate?

question: Who were the Guamanian Chamorro loyal to?

text: Japan

question: With what attitude did the Northern Chamorro treat the Guamanian Chamorro during the occupation?

text: compassionate


text: Just days before the relay supporters of Falun Gong demonstrated in front of the Chinese embassy in the Malaysian capital. As many as 1,000 personnel from the special police unit were expected to be deployed on the day of the relay. A Japanese family with Malaysian citizenship and their 5-year-old child who unfurled a Tibetan flag were hit by a group of Chinese nationals with plastic air-filled batons and heckled by a crowd of Chinese citizens during the confrontation at Independence Square where the relay began, and the Chinese group shouted: "Taiwan and Tibet belong to China." Later during the day, the Chinese volunteers forcefully took away placards from two other Malaysians protesting at the relay. One of the protesting Malaysian was hit in the head.

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

text: Just

text: days

text: before

text: the

text: relay

text: supporters

text: of

text: Falun

text: Gong

text: demonstrated

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: Chinese

text: embassy

text: in

text: the

text: Malaysian

text: capital

text: As

text: many

text: as

text: personnel

text: from

text: the

text: special

text: police

text: unit

text: were

text: expected

text: to

text: be

text: deployed

text: on

text: the

text: day

text: of

text: the

text: relay

text: A

text: Japanese

text: family

text: with

text: Malaysian

text: citizenship

text: and

text: their

text: old

text: child

text: who

text: unfurled

text: a

text: Tibetan

text: flag

text: were

text: hit

text: by

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: Chinese

text: nationals

text: with

text: plastic

text: air

text: filled

text: batons

text: and

text: heckled

text: by

text: a

text: crowd

text: of

text: Chinese

text: citizens

text: during

text: the

text: confrontation

text: at

text: Independence

text: Square

text: where

text: the

text: relay

text: began

text: and

text: the

text: Chinese

text: group

text: shouted

text: Taiwan

text: and

text: Tibet

text: belong

text: to

text: China

text: Later

text: during

text: the

text: day

text: the

text: Chinese

text: volunteers

text: forcefully

text: took

text: away

text: placards

text: from

text: two

text: other

text: Malaysians

text: protesting

text: at

text: the

text: relay

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: protesting

text: Malaysian

text: was

text: hit

text: in

text: the

text: head

question: Which supporters protested near the Chinese embassy in Malaysia?

answer: Falun Gong

text: Falun Gong

question: Supporters of what demonstrated at the Chinese embassy in Malaysia?

answer: Falun Gong

text: Falun Gong

question: What were a Japanese family who unveiled a Tibetan flag hit with?

answer: plastic air-filled batons

text: plastic air-filled batons

question: What did the Chinese group yell?

answer: Taiwan and Tibet belong to China.

text: Taiwan and Tibet belong to China.

question: What did Chinese volunteers take from two Malaysian demonstrators?

answer: placards

text: placards


text: Characteristic birds of the forest are wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris), ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus), mourning dove (Zenaida macroura), common raven (Corvus corax), wood duck (Aix sponsa), great horned owl (Bubo virginianus), barred owl (Strix varia), screech owl (Megascops asio), red-tailed hawk (Buteo jamaicensis), red-shouldered hawk (Buteo lineatus), and northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis), as well as a great variety of "songbirds" (Passeriformes), like the warblers in particular.

title: Appalachian_Mountains

title: Appalachian_Mountains

text: Characteristic

text: birds

text: of

text: the

text: forest

text: are

text: wild

text: turkey

text: Meleagris

text: gallopavo

text: silvestris

text: ruffed

text: grouse

text: Bonasa

text: umbellus

text: mourning

text: dove

text: Zenaida

text: macroura

text: common

text: raven

text: Corvus

text: corax

text: wood

text: duck

text: Aix

text: sponsa

text: great

text: horned

text: owl

text: Bubo

text: virginianus

text: barred

text: owl

text: Strix

text: varia

text: screech

text: owl

text: Megascops

text: asio

text: red

text: tailed

text: hawk

text: Buteo

text: jamaicensis

text: red

text: shouldered

text: hawk

text: Buteo

text: lineatus

text: and

text: northern

text: goshawk

text: Accipiter

text: gentilis

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: great

text: variety

text: of

text: songbirds

text: Passeriformes

text: like

text: the

text: warblers

text: in

text: particular

question: What is one typical bird found in the range?

answer: wild turkey

text: wild turkey

question: What is the scientific name for warblers?

text: Passeriformes

question: What type of songbird is rarely found in the forests?

text: warblers

question: What type of duck is rarely found in the forests?

text: wood duck

question: What is the scientific name of the wild raven?

text: Corvus corax


text: Specific concerns include a compounded inability for the Air Force to replace its aging fleet, and an overall reduction of strength and readiness. The USAF attempted to make these adjustments by primarily cutting the Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve aircraft fleets and their associated manpower, but Congress reversed this initiative and the majority of the lost manpower will come from the active forces. However, Congress did allow for $208 million of reprogramming from fleet modernization to enable some portion of the third of the grounded fleet to resume operations.

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: Specific

text: concerns

text: include

text: a

text: compounded

text: inability

text: for

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: to

text: replace

text: its

text: aging

text: fleet

text: and

text: an

text: overall

text: reduction

text: of

text: strength

text: and

text: readiness

text: The

text: USAF

text: attempted

text: to

text: make

text: these

text: adjustments

text: by

text: primarily

text: cutting

text: the

text: Air

text: National

text: Guard

text: and

text: Air

text: Force

text: Reserve

text: aircraft

text: fleets

text: and

text: their

text: associated

text: manpower

text: but

text: Congress

text: reversed

text: this

text: initiative

text: and

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: lost

text: manpower

text: will

text: come

text: from

text: the

text: active

text: forces

text: However

text: Congress

text: did

text: allow

text: for

text: million

text: of

text: reprogramming

text: from

text: fleet

text: modernization

text: to

text: enable

text: some

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: grounded

text: fleet

text: to

text: resume

text: operations

question: What is one of the concerns of the Air Force?

answer: replace its aging fleet

text: replace its aging fleet

question: How did the USAF try to make these adjustments to help with strength and readiness of its fleet?

answer: cutting the Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve aircraft fleets

text: cutting the Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve aircraft fleets

question: How much money did Congress give to the USAF to enable them to replace some of the grounded fleet?

answer: $208 million

text: $208 million


text: Kathmandu has a larger proportion of tea drinkers than coffee drinkers. Tea is widely served but is extremely weak by western standards. It is richer and contains tea leaves boiled with milk, sugar and spices. Alcohol is widely drunk, and there are numerous local variants of alcoholic beverages. Drinking and driving is illegal, and authorities have a zero tolerance policy. Ailaa and thwon (alcohol made from rice) are the alcoholic beverages of Kathmandu, found in all the local bhattis (alcohol serving eateries). Chhyaang, tongba (fermented millet or barley) and rakshi are alcoholic beverages from other parts of Nepal which are found in Kathmandu. However, shops and bars in Kathmandu widely sell western and Nepali beers.

title: Kathmandu

title: Kathmandu

text: Kathmandu

text: has

text: a

text: larger

text: proportion

text: of

text: tea

text: drinkers

text: than

text: coffee

text: drinkers

text: Tea

text: is

text: widely

text: served

text: but

text: is

text: extremely

text: weak

text: by

text: western

text: standards

text: It

text: is

text: richer

text: and

text: contains

text: tea

text: leaves

text: boiled

text: with

text: milk

text: sugar

text: and

text: spices

text: Alcohol

text: is

text: widely

text: drunk

text: and

text: there

text: are

text: numerous

text: local

text: variants

text: of

text: alcoholic

text: beverages

text: Drinking

text: and

text: driving

text: is

text: illegal

text: and

text: authorities

text: have

text: a

text: zero

text: tolerance

text: policy

text: Ailaa

text: and

text: thwon

text: alcohol

text: made

text: from

text: rice

text: are

text: the

text: alcoholic

text: beverages

text: of

text: Kathmandu

text: found

text: in

text: all

text: the

text: local

text: bhattis

text: alcohol

text: serving

text: eateries

text: Chhyaang

text: tongba

text: fermented

text: millet

text: or

text: barley

text: and

text: rakshi

text: are

text: alcoholic

text: beverages

text: from

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: Nepal

text: which

text: are

text: found

text: in

text: Kathmandu

text: However

text: shops

text: and

text: bars

text: in

text: Kathmandu

text: widely

text: sell

text: western

text: and

text: Nepali

text: beers

question: What beverage is consumed by more people in Kathmandu, coffee or tea?

answer: tea

text: tea

question: How might a western traveler find the tea served in Kathmandu?

answer: extremely weak

text: extremely weak

question: What is used to make thwon?

answer: rice

text: rice

question: What are bhattis?

answer: alcohol serving eateries

text: alcohol serving eateries

question: What goes through a fermentation process to create tongba?

answer: millet or barley

text: millet or barley


text: Tuvalu (i/tuːˈvɑːluː/ too-VAH-loo or /ˈtuːvəluː/ TOO-və-loo), formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is a Polynesian island nation located in the Pacific Ocean, midway between Hawaii and Australia. It comprises three reef islands and six true atolls spread out between the latitude of 5° to 10° south and longitude of 176° to 180°, west of the International Date Line. Its nearest neighbours are Kiribati, Nauru, Samoa and Fiji. Tuvalu has a population of 10,640 (2012 census). The total land area of the islands of Tuvalu is 26 square kilometres (10 sq mi).

title: Tuvalu

title: Tuvalu

text: Tuvalu

text: i

text: tuːˈvɑːluː/

text: too

text: VAH

text: loo

text: or

text: /ˈtuːvəluː/

text: TOO

text: və

text: loo

text: formerly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Ellice

text: Islands

text: is

text: a

text: Polynesian

text: island

text: nation

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: midway

text: between

text: Hawaii

text: and

text: Australia

text: It

text: comprises

text: three

text: reef

text: islands

text: and

text: six

text: true

text: atolls

text: spread

text: out

text: between

text: the

text: latitude

text: of

text: to

text: south

text: and

text: longitude

text: of

text: to

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: International

text: Date

text: Line

text: Its

text: nearest

text: neighbours

text: are

text: Kiribati

text: Nauru

text: Samoa

text: and

text: Fiji

text: Tuvalu

text: has

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: census

text: The

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: islands

text: of

text: Tuvalu

text: is

text: square

text: kilometres

text: sq

text: mi

question: What is the previous name of Tuvalu?

answer: Ellice Islands

text: Ellice Islands

question: In which ocean is Tuvalu found?

answer: Pacific Ocean

text: Pacific Ocean

question: Between what land areas is Tuvalu located?

answer: Hawaii and Australia

text: Hawaii and Australia

question: According the the 2012 census, how many people live on the Tuvalu islands?

answer: 10,640

question: What originally formed the Tuvalu islands?

answer: reef

text: reef


text: Anthrozoology (also known as "human–animal studies") is the study of interaction between living things. It is a burgeoning interdisciplinary field that overlaps with a number of other disciplines, including anthropology, ethology, medicine, psychology, veterinary medicine and zoology. A major focus of anthrozoologic research is the quantifying of the positive effects of human-animal relationships on either party and the study of their interactions. It includes scholars from a diverse range of fields, including anthropology, sociology, biology, and philosophy.[n 7]

title: Anthropology

title: Anthropology

text: Anthrozoology

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: human

text: animal

text: studies

text: is

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: interaction

text: between

text: living

text: things

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: burgeoning

text: interdisciplinary

text: field

text: that

text: overlaps

text: with

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: disciplines

text: including

text: anthropology

text: ethology

text: medicine

text: psychology

text: veterinary

text: medicine

text: and

text: zoology

text: A

text: major

text: focus

text: of

text: anthrozoologic

text: research

text: is

text: the

text: quantifying

text: of

text: the

text: positive

text: effects

text: of

text: human

text: animal

text: relationships

text: on

text: either

text: party

text: and

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: their

text: interactions

text: It

text: includes

text: scholars

text: from

text: a

text: diverse

text: range

text: of

text: fields

text: including

text: anthropology

text: sociology

text: biology

text: and

text: philosophy.[n

question: What is Anthrozoology also known as?

answer: human–animal studies

text: human–animal studies

question: What is the study of interaction between living things?

answer: Anthrozoology

text: Anthrozoology

question: What does the field of anthrozoology overlap with?

answer: number of other disciplines

text: number of other disciplines

question: What type of effects are a major focus of the anthrozoologic research?

answer: positive

text: positive

question: What are some of the diverse range of fields scholars come to Anthrozoology from?

answer: anthropology, sociology, biology, and philosophy

text: anthropology, sociology, biology, and philosophy

question: What is the study of animals?

text: Anthrozoology

question: What focuses on the positive affect of animals on humans?

text: Anthrozoology

question: What fields developed from Anthrozoology?


text: While some commentators have called for the relocation of Tuvalu's population to Australia, New Zealand or Kioa in Fiji, in 2006 Maatia Toafa (Prime Minister from 2004–2006) said his government did not regard rising sea levels as such a threat that the entire population would need to be evacuated. In 2013 Enele Sopoaga, the prime minister of Tuvalu, said that relocating Tuvaluans to avoid the impact of sea level rise "should never be an option because it is self defeating in itself. For Tuvalu I think we really need to mobilise public opinion in the Pacific as well as in the [rest of] world to really talk to their lawmakers to please have some sort of moral obligation and things like that to do the right thing."

title: Tuvalu

title: Tuvalu

text: While

text: some

text: commentators

text: have

text: called

text: for

text: the

text: relocation

text: of

text: Tuvalu

text: 's

text: population

text: to

text: Australia

text: New

text: Zealand

text: or

text: Kioa

text: in

text: Fiji

text: in

text: Maatia

text: Toafa

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: from

text: said

text: his

text: government

text: did

text: not

text: regard

text: rising

text: sea

text: levels

text: as

text: such

text: a

text: threat

text: that

text: the

text: entire

text: population

text: would

text: need

text: to

text: be

text: evacuated

text: In

text: Enele

text: Sopoaga

text: the

text: prime

text: minister

text: of

text: Tuvalu

text: said

text: that

text: relocating

text: Tuvaluans

text: to

text: avoid

text: the

text: impact

text: of

text: sea

text: level

text: rise

text: should

text: never

text: be

text: an

text: option

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: self

text: defeating

text: in

text: itself

text: For

text: Tuvalu

text: I

text: think

text: we

text: really

text: need

text: to

text: mobilise

text: public

text: opinion

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: world

text: to

text: really

text: talk

text: to

text: their

text: lawmakers

text: to

text: please

text: have

text: some

text: sort

text: of

text: moral

text: obligation

text: and

text: things

text: like

text: that

text: to

text: do

text: the

text: right

text: thing

question: What do some people want to do with the people of Tuvalu?

answer: relocation

text: relocation

question: What did the Tuvalu Prime Minster say was not enough of an immediate threat to cause evacuation of the population?

answer: rising sea levels

text: rising sea levels

question: When did Prime Minster Maatia Toafa make his comments about not evacuating Tuvalu?

answer: 2006

question: What did Enele Sopoaga think evacuation of the people should be?

answer: never be an option

text: never be an option


text: Most fatty acids are non-essential, meaning the body can produce them as needed, generally from other fatty acids and always by expending energy to do so. However, in humans, at least two fatty acids are essential and must be included in the diet. An appropriate balance of essential fatty acids—omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids—seems also important for health, although definitive experimental demonstration has been elusive. Both of these "omega" long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are substrates for a class of eicosanoids known as prostaglandins, which have roles throughout the human body. They are hormones, in some respects. The omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which can be made in the human body from the omega-3 essential fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), or taken in through marine food sources, serves as a building block for series 3 prostaglandins (e.g., weakly inflammatory PGE3). The omega-6 dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) serves as a building block for series 1 prostaglandins (e.g. anti-inflammatory PGE1), whereas arachidonic acid (AA) serves as a building block for series 2 prostaglandins (e.g. pro-inflammatory PGE 2). Both DGLA and AA can be made from the omega-6 linoleic acid (LA) in the human body, or can be taken in directly through food. An appropriately balanced intake of omega-3 and omega-6 partly determines the relative production of different prostaglandins, which is one reason why a balance between omega-3 and omega-6 is believed important for cardiovascular health. In industrialized societies, people typically consume large amounts of processed vegetable oils, which have reduced amounts of the essential fatty acids along with too much of omega-6 fatty acids relative to omega-3 fatty acids.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: Most

text: fatty

text: acids

text: are

text: non

text: essential

text: meaning

text: the

text: body

text: can

text: produce

text: them

text: as

text: needed

text: generally

text: from

text: other

text: fatty

text: acids

text: and

text: always

text: by

text: expending

text: energy

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: However

text: in

text: humans

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: fatty

text: acids

text: are

text: essential

text: and

text: must

text: be

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: diet

text: An

text: appropriate

text: balance

text: of

text: essential

text: fatty

text: acids

text: and

text: fatty

text: acids

text: seems

text: also

text: important

text: for

text: health

text: although

text: definitive

text: experimental

text: demonstration

text: has

text: been

text: elusive

text: Both

text: of

text: these

text: omega

text: long

text: chain

text: polyunsaturated

text: fatty

text: acids

text: are

text: substrates

text: for

text: a

text: class

text: of

text: eicosanoids

text: known

text: as

text: prostaglandins

text: which

text: have

text: roles

text: throughout

text: the

text: human

text: body

text: They

text: are

text: hormones

text: in

text: some

text: respects

text: The

text: eicosapentaenoic

text: acid

text: EPA

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: in

text: the

text: human

text: body

text: from

text: the

text: essential

text: fatty

text: acid

text: alpha

text: linolenic

text: acid

text: ALA

text: or

text: taken

text: in

text: through

text: marine

text: food

text: sources

text: serves

text: as

text: a

text: building

text: block

text: for

text: series

text: prostaglandins

text: e.g.

text: weakly

text: inflammatory

text: The

text: dihomo

text: gamma

text: linolenic

text: acid

text: DGLA

text: serves

text: as

text: a

text: building

text: block

text: for

text: series

text: prostaglandins

text: e.g.

text: anti

text: inflammatory

text: whereas

text: arachidonic

text: acid

text: AA

text: serves

text: as

text: a

text: building

text: block

text: for

text: series

text: prostaglandins

text: e.g.

text: pro

text: inflammatory

text: PGE

text: Both

text: DGLA

text: and

text: AA

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: from

text: the

text: linoleic

text: acid

text: LA

text: in

text: the

text: human

text: body

text: or

text: can

text: be

text: taken

text: in

text: directly

text: through

text: food

text: An

text: appropriately

text: balanced

text: intake

text: of

text: and

text: partly

text: determines

text: the

text: relative

text: production

text: of

text: different

text: prostaglandins

text: which

text: is

text: one

text: reason

text: why

text: a

text: balance

text: between

text: and

text: is

text: believed

text: important

text: for

text: cardiovascular

text: health

text: In

text: industrialized

text: societies

text: people

text: typically

text: consume

text: large

text: amounts

text: of

text: processed

text: vegetable

text: oils

text: which

text: have

text: reduced

text: amounts

text: of

text: the

text: essential

text: fatty

text: acids

text: along

text: with

text: too

text: much

text: of

text: fatty

text: acids

text: relative

text: to

text: fatty

text: acids

question: What does it mean when it is claimed that many fatty acids are non - essential?

answer: the body can produce them as needed

text: the body can produce them as needed

question: At least how many fatty acids are essential to the human health and have to be consumed rather than produced by the body?

answer: two

text: two

question: What does EPA stand for?

answer: eicosapentaenoic acid

text: eicosapentaenoic acid

question: Outside of consumption, what would be broken down in the body to obtain DGLA and AA?

answer: omega-6 linoleic acid

text: omega-6 linoleic acid

question: What do people consume that has low amounts of the necessary essential fatty acids?

answer: processed vegetable oils

text: processed vegetable oils


text: The Qing organization of provinces was based on the fifteen administrative units set up by the Ming dynasty, later made into eighteen provinces by splitting for example, Huguang into Hubei and Hunan provinces. The provincial bureaucracy continued the Yuan and Ming practice of three parallel lines, civil, military, and censorate, or surveillance. Each province was administered by a governor (巡撫, xunfu) and a provincial military commander (提督, tidu). Below the province were prefectures (府, fu) operating under a prefect (知府, zhīfǔ), followed by subprefectures under a subprefect. The lowest unit was the county, overseen by a county magistrate. The eighteen provinces are also known as "China proper". The position of viceroy or governor-general (總督, zongdu) was the highest rank in the provincial administration. There were eight regional viceroys in China proper, each usually took charge of two or three provinces. The Viceroy of Zhili, who was responsible for the area surrounding the capital Beijing, is usually considered as the most honorable and powerful viceroy among the eight.

title: Qing_dynasty

title: Qing_dynasty

text: The

text: Qing

text: organization

text: of

text: provinces

text: was

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: fifteen

text: administrative

text: units

text: set

text: up

text: by

text: the

text: Ming

text: dynasty

text: later

text: made

text: into

text: eighteen

text: provinces

text: by

text: splitting

text: for

text: example

text: Huguang

text: into

text: Hubei

text: and

text: Hunan

text: provinces

text: The

text: provincial

text: bureaucracy

text: continued

text: the

text: Yuan

text: and

text: Ming

text: practice

text: of

text: three

text: parallel

text: lines

text: civil

text: military

text: and

text: censorate

text: or

text: surveillance

text: Each

text: province

text: was

text: administered

text: by

text: a

text: governor

text: 巡撫

text: xunfu

text: and

text: a

text: provincial

text: military

text: commander

text: 提督

text: tidu

text: Below

text: the

text: province

text: were

text: prefectures

text: 府

text: fu

text: operating

text: under

text: a

text: prefect

text: 知府

text: zhīfǔ

text: followed

text: by

text: subprefectures

text: under

text: a

text: subprefect

text: The

text: lowest

text: unit

text: was

text: the

text: county

text: overseen

text: by

text: a

text: county

text: magistrate

text: The

text: eighteen

text: provinces

text: are

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: China

text: proper

text: The

text: position

text: of

text: viceroy

text: or

text: governor

text: general

text: 總督

text: zongdu

text: was

text: the

text: highest

text: rank

text: in

text: the

text: provincial

text: administration

text: There

text: were

text: eight

text: regional

text: viceroys

text: in

text: China

text: proper

text: each

text: usually

text: took

text: charge

text: of

text: two

text: or

text: three

text: provinces

text: The

text: Viceroy

text: of

text: Zhili

text: who

text: was

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: area

text: surrounding

text: the

text: capital

text: Beijing

text: is

text: usually

text: considered

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: honorable

text: and

text: powerful

text: viceroy

text: among

text: the

text: eight

question: What two provinces were formed from Huguang?

answer: Hubei and Hunan

text: Hubei and Hunan

question: What was the name of the highest ranking official in a province?

answer: governor

text: governor

question: What were provinces broken up into?

answer: prefectures

text: prefectures

question: What is another name for the main 18 provinces?

answer: China proper

text: China proper

question: How many viceroys were there in China Proper?

answer: eight

text: eight


text: The Aravalli Range runs across the state from the southwest peak Guru Shikhar (Mount Abu), which is 1,722 m in height, to Khetri in the northeast. This range divides the state into 60% in the northwest of the range and 40% in the southeast. The northwest tract is sandy and unproductive with little water but improves gradually from desert land in the far west and northwest to comparatively fertile and habitable land towards the east. The area includes the Thar Desert. The south-eastern area, higher in elevation (100 to 350 m above sea level) and more fertile, has a very diversified topography. in the south lies the hilly tract of Mewar. In the southeast, a large area within the districts of Kota and Bundi forms a tableland. To the northeast of these districts is a rugged region (badlands) following the line of the Chambal River. Farther north the country levels out; the flat plains of the northeastern Bharatpur district are part of an alluvial basin. Merta City lies in the geographical center of Rajasthan.

title: Rajasthan

title: Rajasthan

text: The

text: Aravalli

text: Range

text: runs

text: across

text: the

text: state

text: from

text: the

text: southwest

text: peak

text: Guru

text: Shikhar

text: Mount

text: Abu

text: which

text: is

text: m

text: in

text: height

text: to

text: Khetri

text: in

text: the

text: northeast

text: This

text: range

text: divides

text: the

text: state

text: into

text: in

text: the

text: northwest

text: of

text: the

text: range

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: southeast

text: The

text: northwest

text: tract

text: is

text: sandy

text: and

text: unproductive

text: with

text: little

text: water

text: but

text: improves

text: gradually

text: from

text: desert

text: land

text: in

text: the

text: far

text: west

text: and

text: northwest

text: to

text: comparatively

text: fertile

text: and

text: habitable

text: land

text: towards

text: the

text: east

text: The

text: area

text: includes

text: the

text: Thar

text: Desert

text: The

text: south

text: eastern

text: area

text: higher

text: in

text: elevation

text: to

text: m

text: above

text: sea

text: level

text: and

text: more

text: fertile

text: has

text: a

text: very

text: diversified

text: topography

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: lies

text: the

text: hilly

text: tract

text: of

text: Mewar

text: In

text: the

text: southeast

text: a

text: large

text: area

text: within

text: the

text: districts

text: of

text: Kota

text: and

text: Bundi

text: forms

text: a

text: tableland

text: To

text: the

text: northeast

text: of

text: these

text: districts

text: is

text: a

text: rugged

text: region

text: badlands

text: following

text: the

text: line

text: of

text: the

text: Chambal

text: River

text: Farther

text: north

text: the

text: country

text: levels

text: out

text: the

text: flat

text: plains

text: of

text: the

text: northeastern

text: Bharatpur

text: district

text: are

text: part

text: of

text: an

text: alluvial

text: basin

text: Merta

text: City

text: lies

text: in

text: the

text: geographical

text: center

text: of

text: Rajasthan

question: How many meters high is Guru Shikhar?

answer: 1,722

question: What percentage of Rajasthan is to the northwest of the Aravalli range?

answer: 60%

question: What is the average elevation of the south-eastern region of Rajasthan?

answer: 100 to 350 m above sea level

text: 100 to 350 m above sea level

question: A tableland is contained within what to southeastern districts?

answer: Kota and Bundi

text: Kota and Bundi

question: What river runs along the badlands in the northeast of Rajasthan

answer: the Chambal River

text: the Chambal River

question: What is the elevation of Mewar?

text: 1,722 m in height

question: How does Merta city divide the state?

question: What are the plains of northeastern Mewar a part of?

text: an alluvial basin

question: What city lies in the geographical center of the Thar Desert?

text: Merta City

question: What is the topography of the hilly tract of Khetri in the south?


text: By 287 BC, the economic condition of the average plebeian had become poor. The problem appears to have centered around widespread indebtedness. The plebeians demanded relief, but the senators refused to address their situation. The result was the final plebeian secession. The plebeians seceded to the Janiculum hill. To end the secession, a dictator was appointed. The dictator passed a law (the Lex Hortensia), which ended the requirement that the patrician senators must agree before any bill could be considered by the Plebeian Council. This was not the first law to require that an act of the Plebeian Council have the full force of law. The Plebeian Council acquired this power during a modification to the original Valerian law in 449 BC. The significance of this law was in the fact that it robbed the patricians of their final weapon over the plebeians. The result was that control over the state fell, not onto the shoulders of voters, but to the new plebeian nobility.

title: Roman_Republic

title: Roman_Republic

text: By

text: BC

text: the

text: economic

text: condition

text: of

text: the

text: average

text: plebeian

text: had

text: become

text: poor

text: The

text: problem

text: appears

text: to

text: have

text: centered

text: around

text: widespread

text: indebtedness

text: The

text: plebeians

text: demanded

text: relief

text: but

text: the

text: senators

text: refused

text: to

text: address

text: their

text: situation

text: The

text: result

text: was

text: the

text: final

text: plebeian

text: secession

text: The

text: plebeians

text: seceded

text: to

text: the

text: Janiculum

text: hill

text: To

text: end

text: the

text: secession

text: a

text: dictator

text: was

text: appointed

text: The

text: dictator

text: passed

text: a

text: law

text: the

text: Lex

text: Hortensia

text: which

text: ended

text: the

text: requirement

text: that

text: the

text: patrician

text: senators

text: must

text: agree

text: before

text: any

text: bill

text: could

text: be

text: considered

text: by

text: the

text: Plebeian

text: Council

text: This

text: was

text: not

text: the

text: first

text: law

text: to

text: require

text: that

text: an

text: act

text: of

text: the

text: Plebeian

text: Council

text: have

text: the

text: full

text: force

text: of

text: law

text: The

text: Plebeian

text: Council

text: acquired

text: this

text: power

text: during

text: a

text: modification

text: to

text: the

text: original

text: Valerian

text: law

text: in

text: BC

text: The

text: significance

text: of

text: this

text: law

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: it

text: robbed

text: the

text: patricians

text: of

text: their

text: final

text: weapon

text: over

text: the

text: plebeians

text: The

text: result

text: was

text: that

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: state

text: fell

text: not

text: onto

text: the

text: shoulders

text: of

text: voters

text: but

text: to

text: the

text: new

text: plebeian

text: nobility

question: What was the economic status of your typical plebeian in 287 BC?

answer: poor

text: poor

question: Who refused to concern themselves with the plebeians debt situation?

answer: senators

text: senators

question: What law was passed that allowed the Plebeian Council to consider a bill without the approval of the patrician senators?

answer: the Lex Hortensia

text: the Lex Hortensia

question: What did the patrician senators refusal to address the accumulating debt of the plebeians lead to?

answer: the final plebeian secession

text: the final plebeian secession


text: After many other more or less successful attempts with relatively weak rotating and reciprocating apparatus the Prussian Moritz von Jacobi created the first real rotating electric motor in May 1834 that actually developed a remarkable mechanical output power. His motor set a world record which was improved only four years later in September 1838 by Jacobi himself. His second motor was powerful enough to drive a boat with 14 people across a wide river. It was not until 1839/40 that other developers worldwide managed to build motors of similar and later also of higher performance.

title: Electric_motor

title: Electric_motor

text: After

text: many

text: other

text: more

text: or

text: less

text: successful

text: attempts

text: with

text: relatively

text: weak

text: rotating

text: and

text: reciprocating

text: apparatus

text: the

text: Prussian

text: Moritz

text: von

text: Jacobi

text: created

text: the

text: first

text: real

text: rotating

text: electric

text: motor

text: in

text: May

text: that

text: actually

text: developed

text: a

text: remarkable

text: mechanical

text: output

text: power

text: His

text: motor

text: set

text: a

text: world

text: record

text: which

text: was

text: improved

text: only

text: four

text: years

text: later

text: in

text: September

text: by

text: Jacobi

text: himself

text: His

text: second

text: motor

text: was

text: powerful

text: enough

text: to

text: drive

text: a

text: boat

text: with

text: people

text: across

text: a

text: wide

text: river

text: It

text: was

text: not

text: until

text: that

text: other

text: developers

text: worldwide

text: managed

text: to

text: build

text: motors

text: of

text: similar

text: and

text: later

text: also

text: of

text: higher

text: performance

question: When were developers competing with Jacobi able to match his accomplishments?

answer: 1839/40

question: What was Jacobi's improved motor used to propel?

answer: boat

text: boat

question: Who created the first real electric motor?

answer: Moritz von Jacobi

text: Moritz von Jacobi

question: Who broke the world record set by Jacobi's first motor?

answer: Jacobi himself

text: Jacobi himself

question: How long did it take for Jacobi's first world record to be broken?

answer: four years

text: four years

question: When were developers competing with Jacobi able to not match his accomplishments?

question: What was Jacobi's improved motor used to not propel?

text: boat

question: Who created the first fake electric motor?

text: Moritz von Jacobi

question: Who broke the world record set by Jacobi's second motor?

text: Jacobi

question: How long did it take for Jacobi's second world record to be broken?

text: four years