text: During World War II, San Diego became a major hub of military and defense activity, due to the presence of so many military installations and defense manufacturers. The city's population grew rapidly during and after World War II, more than doubling between 1930 (147,995) and 1950 (333,865). During the final months of the war, the Japanese had a plan to target multiple U.S. cities for biological attack, starting with San Diego. The plan was called "Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night" and called for kamikaze planes filled with fleas infected with plague (Yersinia pestis) to crash into civilian population centers in the city, hoping to spread plague in the city and effectively kill tens of thousands of civilians. The plan was scheduled to launch on September 22, 1945, but was not carried out because Japan surrendered five weeks earlier.

title: San_Diego

title: San_Diego

text: During

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: San

text: Diego

text: became

text: a

text: major

text: hub

text: of

text: military

text: and

text: defense

text: activity

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: so

text: many

text: military

text: installations

text: and

text: defense

text: manufacturers

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: population

text: grew

text: rapidly

text: during

text: and

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: more

text: than

text: doubling

text: between

text: and

text: During

text: the

text: final

text: months

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: the

text: Japanese

text: had

text: a

text: plan

text: to

text: target

text: multiple

text: U.S.

text: cities

text: for

text: biological

text: attack

text: starting

text: with

text: San

text: Diego

text: The

text: plan

text: was

text: called

text: Operation

text: Cherry

text: Blossoms

text: at

text: Night

text: and

text: called

text: for

text: kamikaze

text: planes

text: filled

text: with

text: fleas

text: infected

text: with

text: plague

text: Yersinia

text: pestis

text: to

text: crash

text: into

text: civilian

text: population

text: centers

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: hoping

text: to

text: spread

text: plague

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: effectively

text: kill

text: tens

text: of

text: thousands

text: of

text: civilians

text: The

text: plan

text: was

text: scheduled

text: to

text: launch

text: on

text: September

text: but

text: was

text: not

text: carried

text: out

text: because

text: Japan

text: surrendered

text: five

text: weeks

text: earlier

question: When did San Diego's population grow so rapidly that it nearly doubled?

answer: during and after World War II

text: during and after World War II

question: What was the name of the attack the Japanese had planned against San Diego?

answer: Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night

text: Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night

question: What were the Japanese originally going to drop on San Diego from their kamikaze planes?

answer: fleas infected with plague (Yersinia pestis)

text: fleas infected with plague (Yersinia pestis)

question: Why didn't the Japanese launch their planned attack on September 22, 1945?

answer: Japan surrendered five weeks earlier

text: Japan surrendered five weeks earlier

question: How many civilians were the Japanese hoping to kill during their planned attack on San Diego?

answer: tens of thousands of civilians

text: tens of thousands of civilians

question: When did San Diego's population grow so rapidly that it nearly tripled?

text: during and after World War II

question: What was the name of the attack the Japanese had planned against San Francisco?

text: Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night

question: What were the Japanese originally going to drop on San Francisco from their kamikaze planes?

question: Why didn't the Japanese launch their planned attack on September 20, 1945?

text: Japan surrendered five weeks earlier

question: How many civilians were the Japanese hoping to kill during their planned attack on San Francisco?

text: tens of thousands


text: In response to the criticism of the Kinsey scale only measuring two dimensions of sexual orientation, Fritz Klein developed the Klein sexual orientation grid (KSOG), a multidimensional scale for describing sexual orientation. Introduced in Klein's book The Bisexual Option, the KSOG uses a 7-point scale to assess seven different dimensions of sexuality at three different points in an individual's life: past (from early adolescence up to one year ago), present (within the last 12 months), and ideal (what would you choose if it were completely your choice).

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: criticism

text: of

text: the

text: Kinsey

text: scale

text: only

text: measuring

text: two

text: dimensions

text: of

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: Fritz

text: Klein

text: developed

text: the

text: Klein

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: grid

text: KSOG

text: a

text: multidimensional

text: scale

text: for

text: describing

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: Introduced

text: in

text: Klein

text: 's

text: book

text: The

text: Bisexual

text: Option

text: the

text: KSOG

text: uses

text: a

text: scale

text: to

text: assess

text: seven

text: different

text: dimensions

text: of

text: sexuality

text: at

text: three

text: different

text: points

text: in

text: an

text: individual

text: 's

text: life

text: past

text: from

text: early

text: adolescence

text: up

text: to

text: one

text: year

text: ago

text: present

text: within

text: the

text: last

text: months

text: and

text: ideal

text: what

text: would

text: you

text: choose

text: if

text: it

text: were

text: completely

text: your

text: choice

question: What does KSOG stand for?

answer: Klein sexual orientation grid

text: Klein sexual orientation grid

question: Who invented the KSOG?

answer: Fritz Klein

text: Fritz Klein

question: Why did pritz klein come up with the KSOG?

answer: response to the criticism of the Kinsey scale only measuring two dimensions of sexual orientation

text: response to the criticism of the Kinsey scale only measuring two dimensions of sexual orientation

question: What kind of scale does the KSOG use?

answer: a 7-point scale

text: a 7-point scale

question: What three points in life does the KSOG evaluate?

answer: past (from early adolescence up to one year ago), present (within the last 12 months), and ideal (what would you choose if it were completely your choice).

text: past (from early adolescence up to one year ago), present (within the last 12 months), and ideal (what would you choose if it were completely your choice).


text: In a nonpartisan system, no official political parties exist, sometimes reflecting legal restrictions on political parties. In nonpartisan elections, each candidate is eligible for office on his or her own merits. In nonpartisan legislatures, there are no typically formal party alignments within the legislature. The administration of George Washington and the first few sessions of the United States Congress were nonpartisan. Washington also warned against political parties during his Farewell Address. In the United States, the unicameral legislature of Nebraska is nonpartisan but is elected and votes on informal party lines. In Canada, the territorial legislatures of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut are nonpartisan. In New Zealand, Tokelau has a nonpartisan parliament. Many city and county governments[vague] are nonpartisan. Nonpartisan elections and modes of governance are common outside of state institutions. Unless there are legal prohibitions against political parties, factions within nonpartisan systems often evolve into political parties.

title: Political_party

title: Political_party

text: In

text: a

text: nonpartisan

text: system

text: no

text: official

text: political

text: parties

text: exist

text: sometimes

text: reflecting

text: legal

text: restrictions

text: on

text: political

text: parties

text: In

text: nonpartisan

text: elections

text: each

text: candidate

text: is

text: eligible

text: for

text: office

text: on

text: his

text: or

text: her

text: own

text: merits

text: In

text: nonpartisan

text: legislatures

text: there

text: are

text: no

text: typically

text: formal

text: party

text: alignments

text: within

text: the

text: legislature

text: The

text: administration

text: of

text: George

text: Washington

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: few

text: sessions

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Congress

text: were

text: nonpartisan

text: Washington

text: also

text: warned

text: against

text: political

text: parties

text: during

text: his

text: Farewell

text: Address

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: unicameral

text: legislature

text: of

text: Nebraska

text: is

text: nonpartisan

text: but

text: is

text: elected

text: and

text: votes

text: on

text: informal

text: party

text: lines

text: In

text: Canada

text: the

text: territorial

text: legislatures

text: of

text: the

text: Northwest

text: Territories

text: and

text: Nunavut

text: are

text: nonpartisan

text: In

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Tokelau

text: has

text: a

text: nonpartisan

text: parliament

text: Many

text: city

text: and

text: county

text: governments[vague

text: are

text: nonpartisan

text: Nonpartisan

text: elections

text: and

text: modes

text: of

text: governance

text: are

text: common

text: outside

text: of

text: state

text: institutions

text: Unless

text: there

text: are

text: legal

text: prohibitions

text: against

text: political

text: parties

text: factions

text: within

text: nonpartisan

text: systems

text: often

text: evolve

text: into

text: political

text: parties

question: Do official political parties exist in a nonpartisan system?

answer: In a nonpartisan system, no official political parties exist

text: In a nonpartisan system, no official political parties exist

question: Was the administration of George Washington nonpartisan?

answer: The administration of George Washington and the first few sessions of the United States Congress were nonpartisan.

text: The administration of George Washington and the first few sessions of the United States Congress were nonpartisan.

question: What did Washington warn against during his farewell address?

answer: political parties

text: political parties

question: What do factions within nonpartisan systems evolve into?

answer: political parties

text: political parties

question: What restrictions are there on candidates when there are no political parties?

text: legal restrictions

question: What attitude did George Washington have on legal restrictions in office?

text: warned against

question: How does the legislature take office in Tokelau?

text: is elected

question: What is another action the legislature of Tokelau is able to do?

text: votes

question: What does the Northwest Territories warn against?


text: By total area (water as well as land), the United States is either slightly larger or smaller than the People's Republic of China, making it the world's third or fourth largest country. China and the United States are smaller than Russia and Canada in total area, but are larger than Brazil. By land area only (exclusive of waters), the United States is the world's third largest country, after Russia and China, with Canada in fourth. Whether the US or China is the third largest country by total area depends on two factors: (1) The validity of China's claim on Aksai Chin and Trans-Karakoram Tract. Both these territories are also claimed by India, so are not counted; and (2) How US calculates its own surface area. Since the initial publishing of the World Factbook, the CIA has updated the total area of United States a number of times.

title: Geography_of_the_United_States

title: Geography_of_the_United_States

text: By

text: total

text: area

text: water

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: land

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: either

text: slightly

text: larger

text: or

text: smaller

text: than

text: the

text: People

text: 's

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: third

text: or

text: fourth

text: largest

text: country

text: China

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: are

text: smaller

text: than

text: Russia

text: and

text: Canada

text: in

text: total

text: area

text: but

text: are

text: larger

text: than

text: Brazil

text: By

text: land

text: area

text: only

text: exclusive

text: of

text: waters

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: is

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: third

text: largest

text: country

text: after

text: Russia

text: and

text: China

text: with

text: Canada

text: in

text: fourth

text: Whether

text: the

text: US

text: or

text: China

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: country

text: by

text: total

text: area

text: depends

text: on

text: two

text: factors

text: The

text: validity

text: of

text: China

text: 's

text: claim

text: on

text: Aksai

text: Chin

text: and

text: Trans

text: Karakoram

text: Tract

text: Both

text: these

text: territories

text: are

text: also

text: claimed

text: by

text: India

text: so

text: are

text: not

text: counted

text: and

text: How

text: US

text: calculates

text: its

text: own

text: surface

text: area

text: Since

text: the

text: initial

text: publishing

text: of

text: the

text: World

text: Factbook

text: the

text: CIA

text: has

text: updated

text: the

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: United

text: States

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: times

question: Compared to other countries, how large is the US?

answer: third or fourth largest country

text: third or fourth largest country

question: Which country is the worlds fourth largest?

answer: Canada

text: Canada

question: Who may also be the third largest country?

answer: China

text: China

question: By land area only the United States is slightly larger or smaller than what other country?

text: People's Republic of China

question: China and the United States are larger than Russia and what other country in total area?

text: Canada

question: My total area land and water whether the United States is the third-largest country depends on what?

question: Since the initial publication of the world factbook Guinness has done what?

question: Brazil is larger than what other two countries?

text: China and the United States


text: The movement was pioneered by Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso, joined by Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Robert Delaunay, Henri Le Fauconnier, Fernand Léger and Juan Gris. A primary influence that led to Cubism was the representation of three-dimensional form in the late works of Paul Cézanne. A retrospective of Cézanne's paintings had been held at the Salon d'Automne of 1904, current works were displayed at the 1905 and 1906 Salon d'Automne, followed by two commemorative retrospectives after his death in 1907.

title: Cubism

title: Cubism

text: The

text: movement

text: was

text: pioneered

text: by

text: Georges

text: Braque

text: and

text: Pablo

text: Picasso

text: joined

text: by

text: Jean

text: Metzinger

text: Albert

text: Gleizes

text: Robert

text: Delaunay

text: Henri

text: Le

text: Fauconnier

text: Fernand

text: Léger

text: and

text: Juan

text: Gris

text: A

text: primary

text: influence

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: Cubism

text: was

text: the

text: representation

text: of

text: three

text: dimensional

text: form

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: works

text: of

text: Paul

text: Cézanne

text: A

text: retrospective

text: of

text: Cézanne

text: 's

text: paintings

text: had

text: been

text: held

text: at

text: the

text: Salon

text: d'Automne

text: of

text: current

text: works

text: were

text: displayed

text: at

text: the

text: and

text: Salon

text: d'Automne

text: followed

text: by

text: two

text: commemorative

text: retrospectives

text: after

text: his

text: death

text: in

question: Name the 8 peopl who began the movement

answer: Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso, joined by Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Robert Delaunay, Henri Le Fauconnier, Fernand Léger and Juan Gris.

text: Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso, joined by Jean Metzinger, Albert Gleizes, Robert Delaunay, Henri Le Fauconnier, Fernand Léger and Juan Gris.

question: Which person  was the most influential in beginning the movement with is three dimensional forms?

answer: Paul Cézanne

text: Paul Cézanne

question: What year's were Cezannes painting's displayed at Salon d'Automne? Not including the retrospectives.

answer: 1905 and 1906

text: 1905 and 1906

question: What movement did Picasso not participate in?

text: Cubism

question: What movement did Braque not participate in?

text: Cubism

question: What happened in 1903?

question: Which person was the least influential in beginning the movement with is three dimensional forms?

text: Paul Cézanne

question: What year's were Cezannes painting's not displayed at Salon d'Automne?

text: 1905 and 1906


text: Estonia has pursued the development of the e-state and e-government. Internet voting is used in elections in Estonia. The first internet voting took place in the 2005 local elections and the first in a parliamentary election was made available for the 2007 elections, in which 30,275 individuals voted over the internet. Voters have a chance to invalidate their electronic vote in traditional elections, if they wish to. In 2009 in its eighth Worldwide Press Freedom Index, Reporters Without Borders ranked Estonia sixth out of 175 countries. In the first ever State of World Liberty Index report, Estonia was ranked first out of 159 countries.

title: Estonia

title: Estonia

text: Estonia

text: has

text: pursued

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: e

text: state

text: and

text: e

text: government

text: Internet

text: voting

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: elections

text: in

text: Estonia

text: The

text: first

text: internet

text: voting

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: local

text: elections

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: in

text: a

text: parliamentary

text: election

text: was

text: made

text: available

text: for

text: the

text: elections

text: in

text: which

text: individuals

text: voted

text: over

text: the

text: internet

text: Voters

text: have

text: a

text: chance

text: to

text: invalidate

text: their

text: electronic

text: vote

text: in

text: traditional

text: elections

text: if

text: they

text: wish

text: to

text: In

text: in

text: its

text: eighth

text: Worldwide

text: Press

text: Freedom

text: Index

text: Reporters

text: Without

text: Borders

text: ranked

text: Estonia

text: sixth

text: out

text: of

text: countries

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: ever

text: State

text: of

text: World

text: Liberty

text: Index

text: report

text: Estonia

text: was

text: ranked

text: first

text: out

text: of

text: countries

question: What digital technology as Estonia been advacning?

answer: Internet voting

text: Internet voting

question: What year did the first internet vote occur in local Estonia elections?

answer: 2005

question: What year did the first internet vote occur in Estonia parliamentary elections?

answer: 2007

question: In 2007, how many Estonians used internet voting?

answer: 30,275


text: The Commissionerate of Health and Family Welfare is responsible for planning, implementation and monitoring of all facilities related to health and preventive services. As of 2010[update]–11, the city had 50 government hospitals, 300 private and charity hospitals and 194 nursing homes providing around 12,000 hospital beds, fewer than half the required 25,000. For every 10,000 people in the city, there are 17.6 hospital beds, 9 specialist doctors, 14 nurses and 6 physicians. The city also has about 4,000 individual clinics and 500 medical diagnostic centres. Private clinics are preferred by many residents because of the distance to, poor quality of care at and long waiting times in government facilities,:60–61 despite the high proportion of the city's residents being covered by government health insurance: 24% according to a National Family Health Survey in 2005.:41 As of 2012[update], many new private hospitals of various sizes were opened or being built. Hyderabad also has outpatient and inpatient facilities that use Unani, homeopathic and Ayurvedic treatments.

title: Hyderabad

title: Hyderabad

text: The

text: Commissionerate

text: of

text: Health

text: and

text: Family

text: Welfare

text: is

text: responsible

text: for

text: planning

text: implementation

text: and

text: monitoring

text: of

text: all

text: facilities

text: related

text: to

text: health

text: and

text: preventive

text: services

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: government

text: hospitals

text: private

text: and

text: charity

text: hospitals

text: and

text: nursing

text: homes

text: providing

text: around

text: hospital

text: beds

text: fewer

text: than

text: half

text: the

text: required

text: For

text: every

text: people

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: there

text: are

text: hospital

text: beds

text: specialist

text: doctors

text: nurses

text: and

text: physicians

text: The

text: city

text: also

text: has

text: about

text: individual

text: clinics

text: and

text: medical

text: diagnostic

text: centres

text: Private

text: clinics

text: are

text: preferred

text: by

text: many

text: residents

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: distance

text: to

text: poor

text: quality

text: of

text: care

text: at

text: and

text: long

text: waiting

text: times

text: in

text: government

text: despite

text: the

text: high

text: proportion

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: residents

text: being

text: covered

text: by

text: government

text: health

text: insurance

text: according

text: to

text: a

text: National

text: Family

text: Health

text: Survey

text: in

text: As

text: of

text: many

text: new

text: private

text: hospitals

text: of

text: various

text: sizes

text: were

text: opened

text: or

text: being

text: built

text: Hyderabad

text: also

text: has

text: outpatient

text: and

text: inpatient

text: facilities

text: that

text: use

text: Unani

text: homeopathic

text: and

text: Ayurvedic

text: treatments

question: Which agency is in charge of health and wellness services in Hyderabad?

answer: Commissionerate of Health and Family Welfare

text: Commissionerate of Health and Family Welfare

question: How many government hospitals did Hyderabad have in 2010?

answer: 50

question: How many beds are available in all of Hyderabad's hospitals and nursing homes combined?

answer: 12,000

question: How many nurses per 10,000 persons are there in Hyderabad?

answer: 14 nurses

text: 14 nurses

question: People choose to use what type of facility due to long distances and poor care at Government hospitals?

answer: Private clinics

text: Private clinics


text: In March 2003, a second rebel group, Movement for Democracy in Liberia, began launching attacks against Taylor from the southeast. Peace talks between the factions began in Accra in June of that year, and Taylor was indicted by the Special Court for Sierra Leone for crimes against humanity that same month. By July 2003, the rebels had launched an assault on Monrovia. Under heavy pressure from the international community and the domestic Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace movement, Taylor resigned in August 2003 and went into exile in Nigeria.

title: Liberia

title: Liberia

text: In

text: March

text: a

text: second

text: rebel

text: group

text: Movement

text: for

text: Democracy

text: in

text: Liberia

text: began

text: launching

text: attacks

text: against

text: Taylor

text: from

text: the

text: southeast

text: Peace

text: talks

text: between

text: the

text: factions

text: began

text: in

text: Accra

text: in

text: June

text: of

text: that

text: year

text: and

text: Taylor

text: was

text: indicted

text: by

text: the

text: Special

text: Court

text: for

text: Sierra

text: Leone

text: for

text: crimes

text: against

text: humanity

text: that

text: same

text: month

text: By

text: July

text: the

text: rebels

text: had

text: launched

text: an

text: assault

text: on

text: Monrovia

text: Under

text: heavy

text: pressure

text: from

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: and

text: the

text: domestic

text: Women

text: of

text: Liberia

text: Mass

text: Action

text: for

text: Peace

text: movement

text: Taylor

text: resigned

text: in

text: August

text: and

text: went

text: into

text: exile

text: in

text: Nigeria

question: What is "Movement For democracy in Liberia"?

answer: a second rebel group,

text: a second rebel group,

question: Movement For democracy in Liberia launched attacks against who?

answer: Taylor

text: Taylor

question: where did peace talks begin between Movement For democracy in Liberia and Taylor?

answer: Accra in June of that year

text: Accra in June of that year

question: Why was Taylor indicted by a special court ?

answer: for crimes against humanity

text: for crimes against humanity

question: Who did the rebels launch an assault on in July, 2003?

answer: Monrovia.

text: Monrovia.

question: When did the Movement for Democracy in Liberia begin launching attacks against Taylor from the Southwest?

text: March 2003

question: When did peace talks between factions begin in Nigeria?

text: June of that year

question: Who was indicted by the Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace Movement?

text: Taylor

question: When did the rebels surrender Monrovia?

text: July 2003

question: When did Taylor go into exile in Accra?

text: August 2003


text: All Greeks were united, however, in their determination to liberate the Greek-speaking provinces of the Ottoman Empire, regardless of the dialect they spoke. Especially in Crete, a prolonged revolt in 1866–1869 had raised nationalist fervour. When war broke out between Russia and the Ottomans in 1877, Greek popular sentiment rallied to Russia's side, but Greece was too poor, and too concerned of British intervention, to officially enter the war. Nevertheless, in 1881, Thessaly and small parts of Epirus were ceded to Greece as part of the Treaty of Berlin, while frustrating Greek hopes of receiving Crete.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: All

text: Greeks

text: were

text: united

text: however

text: in

text: their

text: determination

text: to

text: liberate

text: the

text: Greek

text: speaking

text: provinces

text: of

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: regardless

text: of

text: the

text: dialect

text: they

text: spoke

text: Especially

text: in

text: Crete

text: a

text: prolonged

text: revolt

text: in

text: had

text: raised

text: nationalist

text: fervour

text: When

text: war

text: broke

text: out

text: between

text: Russia

text: and

text: the

text: Ottomans

text: in

text: Greek

text: popular

text: sentiment

text: rallied

text: to

text: Russia

text: 's

text: side

text: but

text: Greece

text: was

text: too

text: poor

text: and

text: too

text: concerned

text: of

text: British

text: intervention

text: to

text: officially

text: enter

text: the

text: war

text: Nevertheless

text: in

text: Thessaly

text: and

text: small

text: parts

text: of

text: Epirus

text: were

text: ceded

text: to

text: Greece

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Berlin

text: while

text: frustrating

text: Greek

text: hopes

text: of

text: receiving

text: Crete

question: War between Russia and the Ottomans began in what year?

answer: 1877

question: A revolt lasted for 3 years on which Greek island?

answer: Crete

text: Crete

question: In what year did the Treaty of Berlin occur?

answer: 1881


text: The institutes of technology and polytechnics have been in existence since at least the 18th century, but became popular after World War II with the expansion of engineering and applied science education, associated with the new needs created by industrialization. The world's first institution of technology, the Berg-Schola (today its legal successor is the University of Miskolc) was founded by the Court Chamber of Vienna in Selmecbánya, Kingdom of Hungary in 1735 in order to train specialists of precious metal and copper mining according to the requirements of the industrial revolution in Hungary. The oldest German Institute of Technology is the Braunschweig University of Technology (founded in 1745 as "Collegium Carolinum"). Another exception is the École Polytechnique, which has educated French élites since its foundation in 1794. In some cases, polytechnics or institutes of technology are engineering schools or technical colleges.

title: Institute_of_technology

title: Institute_of_technology

text: The

text: institutes

text: of

text: technology

text: and

text: polytechnics

text: have

text: been

text: in

text: existence

text: since

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: century

text: but

text: became

text: popular

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: with

text: the

text: expansion

text: of

text: engineering

text: and

text: applied

text: science

text: education

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: new

text: needs

text: created

text: by

text: industrialization

text: The

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: institution

text: of

text: technology

text: the

text: Berg

text: Schola

text: today

text: its

text: legal

text: successor

text: is

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Miskolc

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: Court

text: Chamber

text: of

text: Vienna

text: in

text: Selmecbánya

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Hungary

text: in

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: train

text: specialists

text: of

text: precious

text: metal

text: and

text: copper

text: mining

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: requirements

text: of

text: the

text: industrial

text: revolution

text: in

text: Hungary

text: The

text: oldest

text: German

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: is

text: the

text: Braunschweig

text: University

text: of

text: Technology

text: founded

text: in

text: as

text: Collegium

text: Carolinum

text: Another

text: exception

text: is

text: the

text: École

text: Polytechnique

text: which

text: has

text: educated

text: French

text: élites

text: since

text: its

text: foundation

text: in

text: In

text: some

text: cases

text: polytechnics

text: or

text: institutes

text: of

text: technology

text: are

text: engineering

text: schools

text: or

text: technical

text: colleges

question: What was the first institute of technology in the world?

answer: the Berg-Schola

text: the Berg-Schola

question: What war led to the increased popularity of institutes of technology and polytechnics?

answer: World War II

text: World War II

question: What was the founding name of the Braunschweig University of Technology?

answer: Collegium Carolinum

text: Collegium Carolinum

question: In what year was the École Polytechnique founded?

answer: 1794


text: Emperor Meiji abolished the samurai's right to be the only armed force in favor of a more modern, western-style, conscripted army in 1873. Samurai became Shizoku (士族) who retained some of their salaries, but the right to wear a katana in public was eventually abolished along with the right to execute commoners who paid them disrespect. The samurai finally came to an end after hundreds of years of enjoyment of their status, their powers, and their ability to shape the government of Japan. However, the rule of the state by the military class was not yet over. In defining how a modern Japan should be, members of the Meiji government decided to follow the footsteps of the United Kingdom and Germany, basing the country on the concept of noblesse oblige. Samurai were not a political force under the new order. With the Meiji reforms in the late 19th century, the samurai class was abolished, and a western-style national army was established. The Imperial Japanese Armies were conscripted, but many samurai volunteered as soldiers, and many advanced to be trained as officers. Much of the Imperial Army officer class was of samurai origin, and were highly motivated, disciplined, and exceptionally trained.

title: Samurai

title: Samurai

text: Emperor

text: Meiji

text: abolished

text: the

text: samurai

text: 's

text: right

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: only

text: armed

text: force

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: a

text: more

text: modern

text: western

text: style

text: conscripted

text: army

text: in

text: Samurai

text: became

text: Shizoku

text: 士族

text: who

text: retained

text: some

text: of

text: their

text: salaries

text: but

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: wear

text: a

text: katana

text: in

text: public

text: was

text: eventually

text: abolished

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: execute

text: commoners

text: who

text: paid

text: them

text: disrespect

text: The

text: samurai

text: finally

text: came

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: after

text: hundreds

text: of

text: years

text: of

text: enjoyment

text: of

text: their

text: status

text: their

text: powers

text: and

text: their

text: ability

text: to

text: shape

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: Japan

text: However

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: by

text: the

text: military

text: class

text: was

text: not

text: yet

text: over

text: In

text: defining

text: how

text: a

text: modern

text: Japan

text: should

text: be

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Meiji

text: government

text: decided

text: to

text: follow

text: the

text: footsteps

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: Germany

text: basing

text: the

text: country

text: on

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: noblesse

text: oblige

text: Samurai

text: were

text: not

text: a

text: political

text: force

text: under

text: the

text: new

text: order

text: With

text: the

text: Meiji

text: reforms

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: the

text: samurai

text: class

text: was

text: abolished

text: and

text: a

text: western

text: style

text: national

text: army

text: was

text: established

text: The

text: Imperial

text: Japanese

text: Armies

text: were

text: conscripted

text: but

text: many

text: samurai

text: volunteered

text: as

text: soldiers

text: and

text: many

text: advanced

text: to

text: be

text: trained

text: as

text: officers

text: Much

text: of

text: the

text: Imperial

text: Army

text: officer

text: class

text: was

text: of

text: samurai

text: origin

text: and

text: were

text: highly

text: motivated

text: disciplined

text: and

text: exceptionally

text: trained

question: Who established a western-style army in Japan?

answer: Emperor Meiji

text: Emperor Meiji

question: When was a western-style army established in Japan?

answer: 1873

question: What did samurai become in 1873?

answer: Shizoku

text: Shizoku

question: Who had samurai been allowed to kill?

answer: commoners who paid them disrespect

text: commoners who paid them disrespect

question: In what century were the Meiji reforms?

answer: 19th


text: In 1961, Nasser sought to firmly establish Egypt as the leader of the Arab world and to promote a second revolution in Egypt with the purpose of merging Islamic and socialist thinking. To achieve this, he initiated several reforms to modernize al-Azhar, which serves as the de facto leading authority in Sunni Islam, and to ensure its prominence over the Muslim Brotherhood and the more conservative Wahhabism promoted by Saudi Arabia. Nasser had used al-Azhar's most willing ulema (scholars) as a counterweight to the Brotherhood's Islamic influence, starting in 1953.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: In

text: Nasser

text: sought

text: to

text: firmly

text: establish

text: Egypt

text: as

text: the

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: and

text: to

text: promote

text: a

text: second

text: revolution

text: in

text: Egypt

text: with

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: merging

text: Islamic

text: and

text: socialist

text: thinking

text: To

text: achieve

text: this

text: he

text: initiated

text: several

text: reforms

text: to

text: modernize

text: al

text: Azhar

text: which

text: serves

text: as

text: the

text: de

text: facto

text: leading

text: authority

text: in

text: Sunni

text: Islam

text: and

text: to

text: ensure

text: its

text: prominence

text: over

text: the

text: Muslim

text: Brotherhood

text: and

text: the

text: more

text: conservative

text: Wahhabism

text: promoted

text: by

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: Nasser

text: had

text: used

text: al

text: Azhar

text: 's

text: most

text: willing

text: ulema

text: scholars

text: as

text: a

text: counterweight

text: to

text: the

text: Brotherhood

text: 's

text: Islamic

text: influence

text: starting

text: in

question: What country did Nasser want to be the leader of the Arab world?

answer: Egypt

text: Egypt

question: What two disparate ideologies was Nasser trying to unite?

answer: Islamic and socialist

text: Islamic and socialist

question: What religious group did Nasser endeavor to reform?

answer: al-Azhar

text: al-Azhar

question: What religious group was Nasser seeking to marginalize?

answer: Muslim Brotherhood

text: Muslim Brotherhood