text: Temperature extremes are moderated by the adjacent Puget Sound, greater Pacific Ocean, and Lake Washington. The region is largely shielded from Pacific storms by the Olympic Mountains and from Arctic air by the Cascade Range. Despite being on the margin of the rain shadow of the Olympic Mountains, the city has a reputation for frequent rain. This reputation stems from the frequency of light precipitation in the fall, winter, and spring. In an average year, at least 0.01 inches (0.25 mm) of precipitation falls on 150 days, more than nearly all U.S. cities east of the Rocky Mountains. It is cloudy 201 days out of the year and partly cloudy 93 days. Official weather and climatic data is collected at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport, located about 19 km (12 mi) south of downtown in the city of SeaTac, which is at a higher elevation, and records more cloudy days and fewer partly cloudy days per year.

title: Seattle

title: Seattle

text: Temperature

text: extremes

text: are

text: moderated

text: by

text: the

text: adjacent

text: Puget

text: Sound

text: greater

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: and

text: Lake

text: Washington

text: The

text: region

text: is

text: largely

text: shielded

text: from

text: Pacific

text: storms

text: by

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Mountains

text: and

text: from

text: Arctic

text: air

text: by

text: the

text: Cascade

text: Range

text: Despite

text: being

text: on

text: the

text: margin

text: of

text: the

text: rain

text: shadow

text: of

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Mountains

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: a

text: reputation

text: for

text: frequent

text: rain

text: This

text: reputation

text: stems

text: from

text: the

text: frequency

text: of

text: light

text: precipitation

text: in

text: the

text: fall

text: winter

text: and

text: spring

text: In

text: an

text: average

text: year

text: at

text: least

text: inches

text: mm

text: of

text: precipitation

text: falls

text: on

text: days

text: more

text: than

text: nearly

text: all

text: U.S.

text: cities

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Rocky

text: Mountains

text: It

text: is

text: cloudy

text: days

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: and

text: partly

text: cloudy

text: days

text: Official

text: weather

text: and

text: climatic

text: data

text: is

text: collected

text: at

text: Seattle

text: Tacoma

text: International

text: Airport

text: located

text: about

text: km

text: mi

text: south

text: of

text: downtown

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: SeaTac

text: which

text: is

text: at

text: a

text: higher

text: elevation

text: and

text: records

text: more

text: cloudy

text: days

text: and

text: fewer

text: partly

text: cloudy

text: days

text: per

text: year

question: What does the local water ways regulate in the Seattle area?

answer: Temperature extremes

text: Temperature extremes

question: What land mass protects Seattle from Pacific caused weather?

answer: Olympic Mountains

text: Olympic Mountains

question: What geologic feature protects Seattle from the Arctic cold winds?

answer: Cascade Range

text: Cascade Range

question: What type of rain fall does Seattle most often experience?

answer: light precipitation

text: light precipitation

question: At what location is most weather data collected for the Seattle area?

answer: Seattle–Tacoma International Airport

text: Seattle–Tacoma International Airport


text: In October 1745, Ewald Georg von Kleist of Pomerania, Germany, found that charge could be stored by connecting a high-voltage electrostatic generator by a wire to a volume of water in a hand-held glass jar. Von Kleist's hand and the water acted as conductors, and the jar as a dielectric (although details of the mechanism were incorrectly identified at the time). Von Kleist found that touching the wire resulted in a powerful spark, much more painful than that obtained from an electrostatic machine. The following year, the Dutch physicist Pieter van Musschenbroek invented a similar capacitor, which was named the Leyden jar, after the University of Leiden where he worked. He also was impressed by the power of the shock he received, writing, "I would not take a second shock for the kingdom of France."

title: Capacitor

title: Capacitor

text: In

text: October

text: Ewald

text: Georg

text: von

text: Kleist

text: of

text: Pomerania

text: Germany

text: found

text: that

text: charge

text: could

text: be

text: stored

text: by

text: connecting

text: a

text: high

text: voltage

text: electrostatic

text: generator

text: by

text: a

text: wire

text: to

text: a

text: volume

text: of

text: water

text: in

text: a

text: hand

text: held

text: glass

text: jar

text: Von

text: Kleist

text: 's

text: hand

text: and

text: the

text: water

text: acted

text: as

text: conductors

text: and

text: the

text: jar

text: as

text: a

text: dielectric

text: although

text: details

text: of

text: the

text: mechanism

text: were

text: incorrectly

text: identified

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: Von

text: Kleist

text: found

text: that

text: touching

text: the

text: wire

text: resulted

text: in

text: a

text: powerful

text: spark

text: much

text: more

text: painful

text: than

text: that

text: obtained

text: from

text: an

text: electrostatic

text: machine

text: The

text: following

text: year

text: the

text: Dutch

text: physicist

text: Pieter

text: van

text: Musschenbroek

text: invented

text: a

text: similar

text: capacitor

text: which

text: was

text: named

text: the

text: Leyden

text: jar

text: after

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Leiden

text: where

text: he

text: worked

text: He

text: also

text: was

text: impressed

text: by

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: the

text: shock

text: he

text: received

text: writing

text: I

text: would

text: not

text: take

text: a

text: second

text: shock

text: for

text: the

text: kingdom

text: of

text: France

question: Who first discovered the basic properties of capacitors?

answer: Ewald Georg von Kleist

text: Ewald Georg von Kleist

question: When were the basic properties of capacitors first discovered?

answer: In October 1745

text: In October 1745

question: In the original experiment in which the properties of capacitors were discovered, what component acted as the dielectric?

answer: a hand-held glass jar

text: a hand-held glass jar

question: Besides the scientist's hand, what other component of the experiment in which the basic properties of capacitors were discovered acted as the second conductor?

answer: the water acted as conductors

text: the water acted as conductors

question: What was the name of the Dutch physicist who invented the Leyden Jar?

answer: Pieter van Musschenbroek

text: Pieter van Musschenbroek

question: Who did not discover the basic properties of capacitors?

text: Ewald Georg von Kleist

question: What happened on November 1745?

question: In the original experiment in which the properties of capacitors were discovered, what component didn't act as the dielectric?

text: hand-held glass jar

question: What was the name of the French physicist who invented the Leyden Jar?

text: Pieter van Musschenbroek

question: Who said: "I would take a second shock for the kingdom of France."

text: Pieter van Musschenbroek


text: Charlemagne's expansion of the Frankish empire around 800, including northern Italy and Rome, brought on a brief period of stability and unity in Francia. This created opportunities for Jewish merchants to settle again north of the Alps. Charlemagne granted the Jews freedoms similar to those once enjoyed under the Roman Empire. In addition, Jews from southern Italy, fleeing religious persecution, began to move into central Europe.[citation needed] Returning to Frankish lands, many Jewish merchants took up occupations in finance and commerce, including money lending, or usury. (Church legislation banned Christians from lending money in exchange for interest.) From Charlemagne's time to the present, Jewish life in northern Europe is well documented. By the 11th century, when Rashi of Troyes wrote his commentaries, Jews in what came to be known as "Ashkenaz" were known for their halakhic learning, and Talmudic studies. They were criticized by Sephardim and other Jewish scholars in Islamic lands for their lack of expertise in Jewish jurisprudence (dinim) and general ignorance of Hebrew linguistics and literature. Yiddish emerged as a result of language contact with various High German vernaculars in the medieval period. It was written with Hebrew letters, and heavily influenced by Hebrew and Aramaic.

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

text: Charlemagne

text: 's

text: expansion

text: of

text: the

text: Frankish

text: empire

text: around

text: including

text: northern

text: Italy

text: and

text: Rome

text: brought

text: on

text: a

text: brief

text: period

text: of

text: stability

text: and

text: unity

text: in

text: Francia

text: This

text: created

text: opportunities

text: for

text: Jewish

text: merchants

text: to

text: settle

text: again

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: Charlemagne

text: granted

text: the

text: Jews

text: freedoms

text: similar

text: to

text: those

text: once

text: enjoyed

text: under

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: In

text: addition

text: Jews

text: from

text: southern

text: Italy

text: fleeing

text: religious

text: persecution

text: began

text: to

text: move

text: into

text: central

text: Europe.[citation

text: needed

text: Returning

text: to

text: Frankish

text: lands

text: many

text: Jewish

text: merchants

text: took

text: up

text: occupations

text: in

text: finance

text: and

text: commerce

text: including

text: money

text: lending

text: or

text: usury

text: Church

text: legislation

text: banned

text: Christians

text: from

text: lending

text: money

text: in

text: exchange

text: for

text: interest

text: From

text: Charlemagne

text: 's

text: time

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: Jewish

text: life

text: in

text: northern

text: Europe

text: is

text: well

text: documented

text: By

text: the

text: century

text: when

text: Rashi

text: of

text: Troyes

text: wrote

text: his

text: commentaries

text: Jews

text: in

text: what

text: came

text: to

text: be

text: known

text: as

text: Ashkenaz

text: were

text: known

text: for

text: their

text: halakhic

text: learning

text: and

text: Talmudic

text: studies

text: They

text: were

text: criticized

text: by

text: Sephardim

text: and

text: other

text: Jewish

text: scholars

text: in

text: Islamic

text: lands

text: for

text: their

text: lack

text: of

text: expertise

text: in

text: Jewish

text: jurisprudence

text: dinim

text: and

text: general

text: ignorance

text: of

text: Hebrew

text: linguistics

text: and

text: literature

text: Yiddish

text: emerged

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: language

text: contact

text: with

text: various

text: High

text: German

text: vernaculars

text: in

text: the

text: medieval

text: period

text: It

text: was

text: written

text: with

text: Hebrew

text: letters

text: and

text: heavily

text: influenced

text: by

text: Hebrew

text: and

text: Aramaic

question: Did Charlemagne's expansion of the Frankish empire bring about a brief period of upheaval or stability in Francia?

answer: a brief period of stability

text: a brief period of stability

question: Charlemagne's expansion of the Frankish empire created opportunities for Jewish merchants to settle where?

answer: north of the Alps

text: north of the Alps

question: Charlemagne granted the Jews freedoms similar to those enjoyed under which previous empire?

answer: Roman Empire

text: Roman Empire

question: When Jews began to return to Frankish lands many took up occupations in which two fields?

answer: finance and commerce

text: finance and commerce

question: Which language emerged as a result of language contact with various High German vernaculars during the medieval period?

answer: Yiddish

text: Yiddish


text: With the arrival of Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, a Spanish conquistador, the first recorded history of encounter between Europeans and Native Americans in the Great Plains occurred in Texas, Kansas and Nebraska from 1540-1542. In that same time period, Hernando de Soto crossed a west-northwest direction in what is now Oklahoma and Texas. Today this is known as the De Soto Trail. The Spanish thought the Great Plains were the location of the mythological Quivira and Cíbola, a place said to be rich in gold.

title: Great_Plains

title: Great_Plains

text: With

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: Francisco

text: Vázquez

text: de

text: Coronado

text: a

text: Spanish

text: conquistador

text: the

text: first

text: recorded

text: history

text: of

text: encounter

text: between

text: Europeans

text: and

text: Native

text: Americans

text: in

text: the

text: Great

text: Plains

text: occurred

text: in

text: Texas

text: Kansas

text: and

text: Nebraska

text: from

text: In

text: that

text: same

text: time

text: period

text: Hernando

text: de

text: Soto

text: crossed

text: a

text: west

text: northwest

text: direction

text: in

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: Oklahoma

text: and

text: Texas

text: Today

text: this

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: De

text: Soto

text: Trail

text: The

text: Spanish

text: thought

text: the

text: Great

text: Plains

text: were

text: the

text: location

text: of

text: the

text: mythological

text: Quivira

text: and

text: Cíbola

text: a

text: place

text: said

text: to

text: be

text: rich

text: in

text: gold

question: who was the spanish conquistador who had encounters with europeans and native americans?

answer: Francisco Vázquez de Coronado

text: Francisco Vázquez de Coronado

question: who crossed a section of oklahoma and texas?

answer: Hernando de Soto

text: Hernando de Soto

question: what is the section of oklahoma and texas that  Hernando de Soto traveled?

answer: the De Soto Trail

text: the De Soto Trail

question: who thought the great plains were the locations of Quivira and Cíbola?

answer: The Spanish

text: The Spanish

question: what did the spanish think the cities of Quivira and Cíbola were rich in?

answer: gold

text: gold

question: In what state did Francisco Vazquez de Coronado first encounter Native Americans?

text: Texas

question: In 1540 Europeans first encountered Native Americans in what state?

text: Kansas

question: In what year did the De Soto Trail gain its name?

question: What nationality was Hernando de Soto?

text: Spanish

question: In what year did Texas become a state?


text: The most notable cricket club in Cork is Cork County Cricket Club, which was formed in 1874. Although located within the Munster jurisdiction, the club plays in the Leinster Senior League. The club plays at the Mardyke, a ground which has hosted three first-class matches in 1947, 1961 and 1973. All three involved Ireland playing Scotland. The Cork Cricket Academy operates within the city, with the stated aim of introducing the sport to schools in the city and county. Cork's other main cricket club, Harlequins Cricket Club, play close to Cork Airport.

title: Cork_(city)

title: Cork_(city

text: The

text: most

text: notable

text: cricket

text: club

text: in

text: Cork

text: is

text: Cork

text: County

text: Cricket

text: Club

text: which

text: was

text: formed

text: in

text: Although

text: located

text: within

text: the

text: Munster

text: jurisdiction

text: the

text: club

text: plays

text: in

text: the

text: Leinster

text: Senior

text: League

text: The

text: club

text: plays

text: at

text: the

text: Mardyke

text: a

text: ground

text: which

text: has

text: hosted

text: three

text: first

text: class

text: matches

text: in

text: and

text: All

text: three

text: involved

text: Ireland

text: playing

text: Scotland

text: The

text: Cork

text: Cricket

text: Academy

text: operates

text: within

text: the

text: city

text: with

text: the

text: stated

text: aim

text: of

text: introducing

text: the

text: sport

text: to

text: schools

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: county

text: Cork

text: 's

text: other

text: main

text: cricket

text: club

text: Harlequins

text: Cricket

text: Club

text: play

text: close

text: to

text: Cork

text: Airport

question: What's the most famous cricket club in Cork?

answer: Cork County Cricket Club

text: Cork County Cricket Club

question: When was the Cork County Cricket Club established?

answer: 1874

question: Which league does the Cork County Cricket Club belong to?

answer: Leinster Senior League

text: Leinster Senior League

question: Which first-class matches were hosted at Mardyke?

answer: 1947, 1961 and 1973

text: 1947, 1961 and 1973

question: Which teams played in the three first class matches?

answer: Ireland playing Scotland

text: Ireland playing Scotland

question: What Cricket club was formed in the 18th century?

text: Cork County Cricket Club

question: When did The Cricket club host matches?

text: 1947, 1961 and 1973

question: In what year was Harlequins Cricket Club formed?

question: What jurisdiction is the Harlequins Cricket Club located in?

text: Munster

question: What league does the Harlequins Cricket Club play in?

text: Leinster Senior League

question: In what years were first class matches held close to Cork Airport?

text: 1947, 1961 and 1973

question: Where does the Harlequins Cricket Club want to introduce the sport to?

text: schools in the city and county


text: The country continued to be governed by a Junta de Salvação Nacional until the Portuguese legislative election of 1976. It was won by the Portuguese Socialist Party (PS) and Mário Soares, its leader, became Prime Minister of the 1st Constitutional Government on 23 July. Mário Soares would be Prime Minister from 1976 to 1978 and again from 1983 to 1985. In this capacity Soares tried to resume the economic growth and development record that had been achieved before the Carnation Revolution, during the last decade of the previous regime. He initiated the process of accession to the European Economic Community (EEC) by starting accession negotiations as early as 1977.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: The

text: country

text: continued

text: to

text: be

text: governed

text: by

text: a

text: Junta

text: de

text: Salvação

text: Nacional

text: until

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: legislative

text: election

text: of

text: It

text: was

text: won

text: by

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Socialist

text: Party

text: PS

text: and

text: Mário

text: Soares

text: its

text: leader

text: became

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: the

text: Constitutional

text: Government

text: on

text: July

text: Mário

text: Soares

text: would

text: be

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: again

text: from

text: to

text: In

text: this

text: capacity

text: Soares

text: tried

text: to

text: resume

text: the

text: economic

text: growth

text: and

text: development

text: record

text: that

text: had

text: been

text: achieved

text: before

text: the

text: Carnation

text: Revolution

text: during

text: the

text: last

text: decade

text: of

text: the

text: previous

text: regime

text: He

text: initiated

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: accession

text: to

text: the

text: European

text: Economic

text: Community

text: EEC

text: by

text: starting

text: accession

text: negotiations

text: as

text: early

text: as

question: What entity governed Portugal until 1976?

answer: Junta de Salvação Nacional

text: Junta de Salvação Nacional

question: Which party won the Portuguese election in 1976?

answer: Socialist Party

text: Socialist Party

question: Who became the Prime Minister of Portugal in 1976?

answer: Mário Soares

text: Mário Soares

question: Through what years was Mario Soares the Portuguese Prime Minister?

answer: 1976 to 1978 and again from 1983 to 1985

text: 1976 to 1978 and again from 1983 to 1985


text: There are scouting and guiding groups on Saint Helena and Ascension Island. Scouting was established on Saint Helena island in 1912. Lord and Lady Baden-Powell visited the Scouts on Saint Helena on the return from their 1937 tour of Africa. The visit is described in Lord Baden-Powell's book entitled African Adventures.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: There

text: are

text: scouting

text: and

text: guiding

text: groups

text: on

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: and

text: Ascension

text: Island

text: Scouting

text: was

text: established

text: on

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: island

text: in

text: Lord

text: and

text: Lady

text: Baden

text: Powell

text: visited

text: the

text: Scouts

text: on

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: on

text: the

text: return

text: from

text: their

text: tour

text: of

text: Africa

text: The

text: visit

text: is

text: described

text: in

text: Lord

text: Baden

text: Powell

text: 's

text: book

text: entitled

text: African

text: Adventures

question: What kind of groups are on Saint Helena and Ascension Island?

answer: scouting and guiding

text: scouting and guiding

question: When was Scouting established on Saint Helena?

answer: 1912

question: Who visited the scouts on their return from the tour of Africa in 1937?

answer: Lord and Lady Baden-Powell

text: Lord and Lady Baden-Powell

question: What book describes Lord and Lady Baden-Powel's visit?

answer: African Adventures

text: African Adventures


text: French infantry were equipped with the breech-loading Chassepot rifle, one of the most modern mass-produced firearms in the world at the time. With a rubber ring seal and a smaller bullet, the Chassepot had a maximum effective range of some 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) with a short reloading time. French tactics emphasised the defensive use of the Chassepot rifle in trench-warfare style fighting—the so-called feu de bataillon. The artillery was equipped with rifled, muzzle-loaded La Hitte guns. The army also possessed a precursor to the machine-gun: the mitrailleuse, which could unleash significant, concentrated firepower but nevertheless lacked range and was comparatively immobile, and thus prone to being easily overrun. The mitrailleuse was mounted on an artillery gun carriage and grouped in batteries in a similar fashion to cannon.

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: French

text: infantry

text: were

text: equipped

text: with

text: the

text: breech

text: loading

text: Chassepot

text: rifle

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: modern

text: mass

text: produced

text: firearms

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: With

text: a

text: rubber

text: ring

text: seal

text: and

text: a

text: smaller

text: bullet

text: the

text: Chassepot

text: had

text: a

text: maximum

text: effective

text: range

text: of

text: some

text: metres

text: ft

text: with

text: a

text: short

text: reloading

text: time

text: French

text: tactics

text: emphasised

text: the

text: defensive

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: Chassepot

text: rifle

text: in

text: trench

text: warfare

text: style

text: fighting

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: feu

text: de

text: bataillon

text: The

text: artillery

text: was

text: equipped

text: with

text: rifled

text: muzzle

text: loaded

text: La

text: Hitte

text: guns

text: The

text: army

text: also

text: possessed

text: a

text: precursor

text: to

text: the

text: machine

text: gun

text: the

text: mitrailleuse

text: which

text: could

text: unleash

text: significant

text: concentrated

text: firepower

text: but

text: nevertheless

text: lacked

text: range

text: and

text: was

text: comparatively

text: immobile

text: and

text: thus

text: prone

text: to

text: being

text: easily

text: overrun

text: The

text: mitrailleuse

text: was

text: mounted

text: on

text: an

text: artillery

text: gun

text: carriage

text: and

text: grouped

text: in

text: batteries

text: in

text: a

text: similar

text: fashion

text: to

text: cannon

question: What modern, mass-produced weapon were the French infantry provided?

answer: Chassepot rifle

text: Chassepot rifle

question: What was the maximum effective range of the Chassepot rifle?

answer: 1,500 metres (4,900 ft)

text: 1,500 metres (4,900 ft)

question: In which type of warfare did the French best utilize the Chassepot?

answer: trench-warfare

text: trench-warfare

question: What precedent of the machine gun did the French troops also possess?

answer: the mitrailleuse

text: the mitrailleuse

question: On what was the mitrailleuse mounted?

answer: on an artillery gun carriage

text: on an artillery gun carriage


text: Sony renamed the record company Sony Music Entertainment (SME) on January 1, 1991, fulfilling the terms set under the 1988 buyout, which granted only a transitional license to the CBS trademark. The CBS Associated label was renamed Epic Associated. Also on January 1, 1991, to replace the CBS label, Sony reintroduced the Columbia label worldwide, which it previously held in the United States and Canada only, after it acquired the international rights to the trademark from EMI in 1990. Japan is the only country where Sony does not have rights to the Columbia name as it is controlled by Nippon Columbia, an unrelated company. Thus, until this day, Sony Music Entertainment Japan does not use the Columbia trademark for Columbia label recordings from outside Japan which are issued in Japan. The Columbia Records trademark's rightsholder in Spain was Bertelsmann Music Group, Germany, which Sony Music subsequently subsumed via a 2004 merger, followed by a 2008 buyout.

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

text: Sony

text: renamed

text: the

text: record

text: company

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: SME

text: on

text: January

text: fulfilling

text: the

text: terms

text: set

text: under

text: the

text: buyout

text: which

text: granted

text: only

text: a

text: transitional

text: license

text: to

text: the

text: CBS

text: trademark

text: The

text: CBS

text: Associated

text: label

text: was

text: renamed

text: Epic

text: Associated

text: Also

text: on

text: January

text: to

text: replace

text: the

text: CBS

text: label

text: Sony

text: reintroduced

text: the

text: Columbia

text: label

text: worldwide

text: which

text: it

text: previously

text: held

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Canada

text: only

text: after

text: it

text: acquired

text: the

text: international

text: rights

text: to

text: the

text: trademark

text: from

text: EMI

text: in

text: Japan

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: country

text: where

text: Sony

text: does

text: not

text: have

text: rights

text: to

text: the

text: Columbia

text: name

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: controlled

text: by

text: Nippon

text: Columbia

text: an

text: unrelated

text: company

text: Thus

text: until

text: this

text: day

text: Sony

text: Music

text: Entertainment

text: Japan

text: does

text: not

text: use

text: the

text: Columbia

text: trademark

text: for

text: Columbia

text: label

text: recordings

text: from

text: outside

text: Japan

text: which

text: are

text: issued

text: in

text: Japan

text: The

text: Columbia

text: Records

text: trademark

text: 's

text: rightsholder

text: in

text: Spain

text: was

text: Bertelsmann

text: Music

text: Group

text: Germany

text: which

text: Sony

text: Music

text: subsequently

text: subsumed

text: via

text: a

text: merger

text: followed

text: by

text: a

text: buyout

question: In what year did the name Sony Music Entertainment become the new name of Sony's record label?

answer: 1991

question: In what year did CBS Associated become Epic Associated?

answer: 1991

question: What is the only country where Sony has no rights to the Columbia label?

answer: Japan

text: Japan

question: Who owns the rights to the Columbia label in Japan?

answer: Nippon Columbia

text: Nippon Columbia

question: ABC renamed the record company SME on what date?

text: January 1, 1991

question: Renaming the company fulfilled the terms of the 1998 what?

text: buyout

question: The ABC Associated label was renamed what?

text: Epic Associated

question: China is the only country where Sony does not have the rights to what?

question: Berkman Music Group was a rightsholder from which country?

text: Spain


text: One of the key concerns of older adults is the experience of memory loss, especially as it is one of the hallmark symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. However, memory loss is qualitatively different in normal aging from the kind of memory loss associated with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's (Budson & Price, 2005). Research has revealed that individuals’ performance on memory tasks that rely on frontal regions declines with age. Older adults tend to exhibit deficits on tasks that involve knowing the temporal order in which they learned information; source memory tasks that require them to remember the specific circumstances or context in which they learned information; and prospective memory tasks that involve remembering to perform an act at a future time. Older adults can manage their problems with prospective memory by using appointment books, for example.

title: Memory

title: Memory

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: key

text: concerns

text: of

text: older

text: adults

text: is

text: the

text: experience

text: of

text: memory

text: loss

text: especially

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: hallmark

text: symptoms

text: of

text: Alzheimer

text: 's

text: disease

text: However

text: memory

text: loss

text: is

text: qualitatively

text: different

text: in

text: normal

text: aging

text: from

text: the

text: kind

text: of

text: memory

text: loss

text: associated

text: with

text: a

text: diagnosis

text: of

text: Alzheimer

text: 's

text: Budson

text: Price

text: Research

text: has

text: revealed

text: that

text: individuals’

text: performance

text: on

text: memory

text: tasks

text: that

text: rely

text: on

text: frontal

text: regions

text: declines

text: with

text: age

text: Older

text: adults

text: tend

text: to

text: exhibit

text: deficits

text: on

text: tasks

text: that

text: involve

text: knowing

text: the

text: temporal

text: order

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: learned

text: information

text: source

text: memory

text: tasks

text: that

text: require

text: them

text: to

text: remember

text: the

text: specific

text: circumstances

text: or

text: context

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: learned

text: information

text: and

text: prospective

text: memory

text: tasks

text: that

text: involve

text: remembering

text: to

text: perform

text: an

text: act

text: at

text: a

text: future

text: time

text: Older

text: adults

text: can

text: manage

text: their

text: problems

text: with

text: prospective

text: memory

text: by

text: using

text: appointment

text: books

text: for

text: example

question: What do most elderly people worry about?

answer: memory loss,

text: memory loss,

question: Is an eldery person with alzheimers having the same problem as a similar aged person experiencing memory loss?

answer: memory loss is qualitatively different

text: memory loss is qualitatively different

question: Which part of the brain is associated with the memory loss an elderly person suffers?

answer: frontal regions

text: frontal regions

question: Which memory is an elderly person helping by using appointment books?

answer: prospective memory

text: prospective memory

question: What is one of key concerns of younger adults?

text: the experience of memory loss

question: What is not one of the hallmark symptoms of Alzheimer's disease?

text: memory loss

question: What did Alzheimer & Price state in 2005?

question: Younger adults tend to exhibit?

question: Older adults can manage their problems with prospective memory by not using what?

text: appointment books


text: Prior to the 2011–2012 season, Barcelona had a long history of avoiding corporate sponsorship on the playing shirts. On 14 July 2006, the club announced a five-year agreement with UNICEF, which includes having the UNICEF logo on their shirts. The agreement had the club donate €1.5 million per year to UNICEF (0.7 percent of its ordinary income, equal to the UN International Aid Target, cf. ODA) via the FC Barcelona Foundation. The FC Barcelona Foundation is an entity set up in 1994 on the suggestion of then-chairman of the Economical-Statutory Committee, Jaime Gil-Aluja. The idea was to set up a foundation that could attract financial sponsorships to support a non-profit sport company. In 2004, a company could become one of 25 "Honorary members" by contributing between £40,000–60,000 (£54,800–82,300) per year. There are also 48 associate memberships available for an annual fee of £14,000 (£19,200) and an unlimited number of "patronages" for the cost of £4,000 per year (£5,500). It is unclear whether the honorary members have any formal say in club policy, but according to the author Anthony King, it is "unlikely that Honorary Membership would not involve at least some informal influence over the club".

title: FC_Barcelona

title: FC_Barcelona

text: Prior

text: to

text: the

text: season

text: Barcelona

text: had

text: a

text: long

text: history

text: of

text: avoiding

text: corporate

text: sponsorship

text: on

text: the

text: playing

text: shirts

text: On

text: July

text: the

text: club

text: announced

text: a

text: five

text: year

text: agreement

text: with

text: UNICEF

text: which

text: includes

text: having

text: the

text: UNICEF

text: logo

text: on

text: their

text: shirts

text: The

text: agreement

text: had

text: the

text: club

text: donate

text: million

text: per

text: year

text: to

text: UNICEF

text: percent

text: of

text: its

text: ordinary

text: income

text: equal

text: to

text: the

text: UN

text: International

text: Aid

text: Target

text: cf

text: ODA

text: via

text: the

text: FC

text: Barcelona

text: Foundation

text: The

text: FC

text: Barcelona

text: Foundation

text: is

text: an

text: entity

text: set

text: up

text: in

text: on

text: the

text: suggestion

text: of

text: then

text: chairman

text: of

text: the

text: Economical

text: Statutory

text: Committee

text: Jaime

text: Gil

text: Aluja

text: The

text: idea

text: was

text: to

text: set

text: up

text: a

text: foundation

text: that

text: could

text: attract

text: financial

text: sponsorships

text: to

text: support

text: a

text: non

text: profit

text: sport

text: company

text: In

text: a

text: company

text: could

text: become

text: one

text: of

text: Honorary

text: members

text: by

text: contributing

text: between

text: per

text: year

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: associate

text: memberships

text: available

text: for

text: an

text: annual

text: fee

text: of

text: and

text: an

text: unlimited

text: number

text: of

text: patronages

text: for

text: the

text: cost

text: of

text: per

text: year

text: It

text: is

text: unclear

text: whether

text: the

text: honorary

text: members

text: have

text: any

text: formal

text: say

text: in

text: club

text: policy

text: but

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: author

text: Anthony

text: King

text: it

text: is

text: unlikely

text: that

text: Honorary

text: Membership

text: would

text: not

text: involve

text: at

text: least

text: some

text: informal

text: influence

text: over

text: the

text: club

question: What corporate sponsorship did Barcelona agree to in 2006?

answer: UNICEF

text: UNICEF

question: How much does Barcelona donate to UNICEF per year?

answer: €1.5 million

text: €1.5 million

question: What target does the Barcelona donation to UNICEF match?

answer: UN International Aid Target

text: UN International Aid Target

question: Who recommended setting up the FC Barcelona Foundation?

answer: Jaime Gil-Aluja

text: Jaime Gil-Aluja

question: What was the Barcelona foundation meant to attract?

answer: financial sponsorships

text: financial sponsorships


text: In exchange for Rupert Murdoch's support, Blair agreed not to join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism – which John Major had withdrawn the country from in September 1992 after barely two years. Cabinet Minister Peter Mandelson was "outed" by Matthew Parris (a former Sun columnist) on BBC TV's Newsnight in November 1998. Misjudging public response, The Sun's editor David Yelland demanded to know in a front page editorial whether Britain was governed by a "gay mafia" of a "closed world of men with a mutual self-interest". Three days later the paper apologised in another editorial which said The Sun would never again reveal a person's sexuality unless it could be defended on the grounds of "overwhelming public interest".

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom

text: In

text: exchange

text: for

text: Rupert

text: Murdoch

text: 's

text: support

text: Blair

text: agreed

text: not

text: to

text: join

text: the

text: European

text: Exchange

text: Rate

text: Mechanism

text: which

text: John

text: Major

text: had

text: withdrawn

text: the

text: country

text: from

text: in

text: September

text: after

text: barely

text: two

text: years

text: Cabinet

text: Minister

text: Peter

text: Mandelson

text: was

text: outed

text: by

text: Matthew

text: Parris

text: a

text: former

text: Sun

text: columnist

text: on

text: BBC

text: TV

text: 's

text: Newsnight

text: in

text: November

text: Misjudging

text: public

text: response

text: The

text: Sun

text: 's

text: editor

text: David

text: Yelland

text: demanded

text: to

text: know

text: in

text: a

text: front

text: page

text: editorial

text: whether

text: Britain

text: was

text: governed

text: by

text: a

text: gay

text: mafia

text: of

text: a

text: closed

text: world

text: of

text: men

text: with

text: a

text: mutual

text: self

text: interest

text: Three

text: days

text: later

text: the

text: paper

text: apologised

text: in

text: another

text: editorial

text: which

text: said

text: The

text: Sun

text: would

text: never

text: again

text: reveal

text: a

text: person

text: 's

text: sexuality

text: unless

text: it

text: could

text: be

text: defended

text: on

text: the

text: grounds

text: of

text: overwhelming

text: public

text: interest

question: What did Blair agree to in order to get the support of Rupert Murdoch?

answer: not to join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism

text: not to join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism

question: Who was Cabinet Minister in 1998?

answer: Peter Mandelson

text: Peter Mandelson

question: What happened on BBC's Newsnight in 1998?

answer: Peter Mandelson was "outed" by Matthew Parris

text: Peter Mandelson was "outed" by Matthew Parris

question: Who was editor of The Sun in 1998?

answer: David Yelland

text: David Yelland

question: What did The Sun say its policy about revealing an individual's sexuality would be moving forward?

answer: The Sun would never again reveal a person's sexuality unless it could be defended on the grounds of "overwhelming public interest"

text: The Sun would never again reveal a person's sexuality unless it could be defended on the grounds of "overwhelming public interest"


text: Although Alexander Graham Bell is most often associated with the invention of the telephone, his interests were extremely varied. According to one of his biographers, Charlotte Gray, Bell's work ranged "unfettered across the scientific landscape" and he often went to bed voraciously reading the Encyclopædia Britannica, scouring it for new areas of interest. The range of Bell's inventive genius is represented only in part by the 18 patents granted in his name alone and the 12 he shared with his collaborators. These included 14 for the telephone and telegraph, four for the photophone, one for the phonograph, five for aerial vehicles, four for "hydroairplanes" and two for selenium cells. Bell's inventions spanned a wide range of interests and included a metal jacket to assist in breathing, the audiometer to detect minor hearing problems, a device to locate icebergs, investigations on how to separate salt from seawater, and work on finding alternative fuels.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: Although

text: Alexander

text: Graham

text: Bell

text: is

text: most

text: often

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: telephone

text: his

text: interests

text: were

text: extremely

text: varied

text: According

text: to

text: one

text: of

text: his

text: biographers

text: Charlotte

text: Gray

text: Bell

text: 's

text: work

text: ranged

text: unfettered

text: across

text: the

text: scientific

text: landscape

text: and

text: he

text: often

text: went

text: to

text: bed

text: voraciously

text: reading

text: the

text: Encyclopædia

text: Britannica

text: scouring

text: it

text: for

text: new

text: areas

text: of

text: interest

text: The

text: range

text: of

text: Bell

text: 's

text: inventive

text: genius

text: is

text: represented

text: only

text: in

text: part

text: by

text: the

text: patents

text: granted

text: in

text: his

text: name

text: alone

text: and

text: the

text: he

text: shared

text: with

text: his

text: collaborators

text: These

text: included

text: for

text: the

text: telephone

text: and

text: telegraph

text: four

text: for

text: the

text: photophone

text: one

text: for

text: the

text: phonograph

text: five

text: for

text: aerial

text: vehicles

text: four

text: for

text: hydroairplanes

text: and

text: two

text: for

text: selenium

text: cells

text: Bell

text: 's

text: inventions

text: spanned

text: a

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: interests

text: and

text: included

text: a

text: metal

text: jacket

text: to

text: assist

text: in

text: breathing

text: the

text: audiometer

text: to

text: detect

text: minor

text: hearing

text: problems

text: a

text: device

text: to

text: locate

text: icebergs

text: investigations

text: on

text: how

text: to

text: separate

text: salt

text: from

text: seawater

text: and

text: work

text: on

text: finding

text: alternative

text: fuels

question: What series of books does Gray say Bell would go to sleep reading?

answer: Encyclopædia Britannica

text: Encyclopædia Britannica

question: How many solo patents did Bell get?

answer: 18

question: How many patents did Bell co-author?

answer: 12


text: The roots of Orthodox Judaism can be traced to the late 18th or early 19th century, when elements within German Jewry sought to reform Jewish belief and practice in the early 19th century in response to the Age of Enlightenment, Jewish Emancipation, and Haskalah. They sought to modernize education in light of contemporary scholarship. They rejected claims of the absolute divine authorship of the Torah, declaring only biblical laws concerning ethics to be binding, and stated that the rest of halakha (Jewish law) need not be viewed as normative for Jews in wider society. (see Reform Judaism).

title: Orthodox_Judaism

title: Orthodox_Judaism

text: The

text: roots

text: of

text: Orthodox

text: Judaism

text: can

text: be

text: traced

text: to

text: the

text: late

text: or

text: early

text: century

text: when

text: elements

text: within

text: German

text: Jewry

text: sought

text: to

text: reform

text: Jewish

text: belief

text: and

text: practice

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Enlightenment

text: Jewish

text: Emancipation

text: and

text: Haskalah

text: They

text: sought

text: to

text: modernize

text: education

text: in

text: light

text: of

text: contemporary

text: scholarship

text: They

text: rejected

text: claims

text: of

text: the

text: absolute

text: divine

text: authorship

text: of

text: the

text: Torah

text: declaring

text: only

text: biblical

text: laws

text: concerning

text: ethics

text: to

text: be

text: binding

text: and

text: stated

text: that

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: halakha

text: Jewish

text: law

text: need

text: not

text: be

text: viewed

text: as

text: normative

text: for

text: Jews

text: in

text: wider

text: society

text: see

text: Reform

text: Judaism

question: When can the roots of orthodox judaism be traced to?

answer: 19th century

text: 19th century

question: When did the German Jewry seek to reform Jewish belief?

answer: early 19th century

text: early 19th century

question: what did orthodox jews seek to modernize?

answer: education

text: education

question: what did the German Jewry reject about the Torah?

answer: absolute divine authorship

text: absolute divine authorship

question: Which century can the roots of Orthodox Judaism trace back to?

text: 19th century

question: When did the Roman Jewry attempt to reform Jewish beliefs?

text: 19th century

question: What did the German Jewry attempt in response to the middle ages?

text: modernize education

question: Who made the claim that the Torah had divine authorship?

text: German Jewry

question: What part of the Torah was considered non-binding?

text: biblical laws


text: While the republican government was amenable to war reparations or ceding colonial territories in Africa or in South East Asia to Prussia, Favre on behalf of the Government of National Defense, declared on 6 September that France would not "yield an inch of its territory nor a stone of its fortresses." The republic then renewed the declaration of war, called for recruits in all parts of the country and pledged to drive the German troops out of France by a guerre à outrance. Under these circumstances, the Germans had to continue the war, yet could not pin down any proper military opposition in their vicinity. As the bulk of the remaining French armies were digging-in near Paris, the German leaders decided to put pressure upon the enemy by attacking Paris. By September 15, German troops reached the outskirts of the fortified city. On September 19, the Germans surrounded it and erected a blockade, as already established at Metz.

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: While

text: the

text: republican

text: government

text: was

text: amenable

text: to

text: war

text: reparations

text: or

text: ceding

text: colonial

text: territories

text: in

text: Africa

text: or

text: in

text: South

text: East

text: Asia

text: to

text: Prussia

text: Favre

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: the

text: Government

text: of

text: National

text: Defense

text: declared

text: on

text: September

text: that

text: France

text: would

text: not

text: yield

text: an

text: inch

text: of

text: its

text: territory

text: nor

text: a

text: stone

text: of

text: its

text: fortresses

text: The

text: republic

text: then

text: renewed

text: the

text: declaration

text: of

text: war

text: called

text: for

text: recruits

text: in

text: all

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: pledged

text: to

text: drive

text: the

text: German

text: troops

text: out

text: of

text: France

text: by

text: a

text: guerre

text: à

text: outrance

text: Under

text: these

text: circumstances

text: the

text: Germans

text: had

text: to

text: continue

text: the

text: war

text: yet

text: could

text: not

text: pin

text: down

text: any

text: proper

text: military

text: opposition

text: in

text: their

text: vicinity

text: As

text: the

text: bulk

text: of

text: the

text: remaining

text: French

text: armies

text: were

text: digging

text: in

text: near

text: Paris

text: the

text: German

text: leaders

text: decided

text: to

text: put

text: pressure

text: upon

text: the

text: enemy

text: by

text: attacking

text: Paris

text: By

text: September

text: German

text: troops

text: reached

text: the

text: outskirts

text: of

text: the

text: fortified

text: city

text: On

text: September

text: the

text: Germans

text: surrounded

text: it

text: and

text: erected

text: a

text: blockade

text: as

text: already

text: established

text: at

text: Metz

question: What was the republican government amenable to?

answer: war reparations

text: war reparations

question: Who declared that France would not yield "an inch of its territory?"

answer: Favre

text: Favre

question: Who was Favre speaking on behalf of?

answer: Government of National Defense

text: Government of National Defense

question: When did Favre make the declaration concerning colonial territories?

answer: 6 September

text: 6 September

question: What did this cause the Republic to renew?

answer: declaration of war

text: declaration of war


text: Houston is served by the Houston Chronicle, its only major daily newspaper with wide distribution. The Hearst Corporation, which owns and operates the Houston Chronicle, bought the assets of the Houston Post—its long-time rival and main competition—when Houston Post ceased operations in 1995. The Houston Post was owned by the family of former Lieutenant Governor Bill Hobby of Houston. The only other major publication to serve the city is the Houston Press—a free alternative weekly with a weekly readership of more than 300,000.

title: Houston

title: Houston

text: Houston

text: is

text: served

text: by

text: the

text: Houston

text: Chronicle

text: its

text: only

text: major

text: daily

text: newspaper

text: with

text: wide

text: distribution

text: The

text: Hearst

text: Corporation

text: which

text: owns

text: and

text: operates

text: the

text: Houston

text: Chronicle

text: bought

text: the

text: assets

text: of

text: the

text: Houston

text: Post

text: its

text: long

text: time

text: rival

text: and

text: main

text: competition

text: when

text: Houston

text: Post

text: ceased

text: operations

text: in

text: The

text: Houston

text: Post

text: was

text: owned

text: by

text: the

text: family

text: of

text: former

text: Lieutenant

text: Governor

text: Bill

text: Hobby

text: of

text: Houston

text: The

text: only

text: other

text: major

text: publication

text: to

text: serve

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: the

text: Houston

text: Press

text: a

text: free

text: alternative

text: weekly

text: with

text: a

text: weekly

text: readership

text: of

text: more

text: than

question: What is Houston's major newspaper?

answer: Houston Chronicle

text: Houston Chronicle

question: Who owns the Houston Chronicle?

answer: Hearst Corporation

text: Hearst Corporation

question: When did Chronicle rival newspaper, the Houston Post, cease operations?

answer: 1995

question: Whose family owned the Houston Post?

answer: Bill Hobby

text: Bill Hobby

question: What is the other newspaper that serves Houston?

answer: Houston Press

text: Houston Press

question: What is Texas's major newspaper?

text: Houston Chronicle

question: Who owns the Texas Chronicle?

text: The Hearst Corporation

question: When did Chronicle rival newspaper, the Houston Post, begin operations?

question: Whose family owned the Texas Post?

text: Bill Hobby

question: What is the other newspaper that serves Texas?

text: Houston Press


text: In August 2007 Virgil Griffith, a Caltech computation and neural-systems graduate student, created a searchable database that linked changes made by anonymous Wikipedia editors to companies and organizations from which the changes were made. The database cross-referenced logs of Wikipedia edits with publicly available records pertaining to the internet IP addresses edits were made from. Griffith was motivated by the edits from the United States Congress, and wanted to see if others were similarly promoting themselves. The tool was designed to detect conflict of interest edits. Among his findings were that FBI computers were used to edit the FBI article in Wikipedia. Although the edits correlated with known FBI IP addresses, there was no proof that the changes actually came from a member or employee of the FBI, only that someone who had access to their network had edited the FBI article in Wikipedia. Wikipedia spokespersons received Griffith's "WikiScanner" positively, noting that it helped prevent conflicts of interest from influencing articles as well as increasing transparency and mitigating attempts to remove or distort relevant facts.

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

text: In

text: August

text: Virgil

text: Griffith

text: a

text: Caltech

text: computation

text: and

text: neural

text: systems

text: graduate

text: student

text: created

text: a

text: searchable

text: database

text: that

text: linked

text: changes

text: made

text: by

text: anonymous

text: Wikipedia

text: editors

text: to

text: companies

text: and

text: organizations

text: from

text: which

text: the

text: changes

text: were

text: made

text: The

text: database

text: cross

text: referenced

text: logs

text: of

text: Wikipedia

text: edits

text: with

text: publicly

text: available

text: records

text: pertaining

text: to

text: the

text: internet

text: IP

text: addresses

text: edits

text: were

text: made

text: from

text: Griffith

text: was

text: motivated

text: by

text: the

text: edits

text: from

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Congress

text: and

text: wanted

text: to

text: see

text: if

text: others

text: were

text: similarly

text: promoting

text: themselves

text: The

text: tool

text: was

text: designed

text: to

text: detect

text: conflict

text: of

text: interest

text: edits

text: Among

text: his

text: findings

text: were

text: that

text: FBI

text: computers

text: were

text: used

text: to

text: edit

text: the

text: FBI

text: article

text: in

text: Wikipedia

text: Although

text: the

text: edits

text: correlated

text: with

text: known

text: FBI

text: IP

text: addresses

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: proof

text: that

text: the

text: changes

text: actually

text: came

text: from

text: a

text: member

text: or

text: employee

text: of

text: the

text: FBI

text: only

text: that

text: someone

text: who

text: had

text: access

text: to

text: their

text: network

text: had

text: edited

text: the

text: FBI

text: article

text: in

text: Wikipedia

text: Wikipedia

text: spokespersons

text: received

text: Griffith

text: 's

text: WikiScanner

text: positively

text: noting

text: that

text: it

text: helped

text: prevent

text: conflicts

text: of

text: interest

text: from

text: influencing

text: articles

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: increasing

text: transparency

text: and

text: mitigating

text: attempts

text: to

text: remove

text: or

text: distort

text: relevant

text: facts

question: What was Virgil Griffith focused on?

answer: computation and neural-systems

text: computation and neural-systems

question: What part of the government was editing its own wikipedia page?

answer: United States Congress

text: United States Congress

question: What was Griffith's tool designed to detect?

answer: conflict of interest edits

text: conflict of interest edits

question: What did Griffith's tool help increase?

answer: transparency

text: transparency

question: How as Griffith's wikipedia scanner viewed by wikipedia?

answer: positively

text: positively

question: What organization viewed WikiScanner negatively?

text: Wikipedia

question: What did not motivate Griffith?

text: edits from the United States Congress

question: What was the tool not designed to do?

text: detect conflict of interest edits

question: What were CIA computers used to do?

text: edit the FBI article in Wikipedia

question: How did the FBI view WikiScanner?

text: positively


text: Now with NATO support in the form of air cover, the rebel militia pushed westward, defeating loyalist armies and securing control of the centre of the country. Gaining the support of Amazigh (Berber) communities of the Nafusa Mountains, who had long been persecuted as non-Arabic speakers under Gaddafi, the NTC armies surrounded Gaddafi loyalists in several key areas of western Libya. In August, the rebels seized Zliten and Tripoli, ending the last vestiges of Gaddafist power. On 25 August, the Arab League recognised the NTC to be "the legitimate representative of the Libyan state", on which basis Libya would resume its membership in the League.

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: Now

text: with

text: NATO

text: support

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: air

text: cover

text: the

text: rebel

text: militia

text: pushed

text: westward

text: defeating

text: loyalist

text: armies

text: and

text: securing

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Gaining

text: the

text: support

text: of

text: Amazigh

text: Berber

text: communities

text: of

text: the

text: Nafusa

text: Mountains

text: who

text: had

text: long

text: been

text: persecuted

text: as

text: non

text: Arabic

text: speakers

text: under

text: Gaddafi

text: the

text: NTC

text: armies

text: surrounded

text: Gaddafi

text: loyalists

text: in

text: several

text: key

text: areas

text: of

text: western

text: Libya

text: In

text: August

text: the

text: rebels

text: seized

text: Zliten

text: and

text: Tripoli

text: ending

text: the

text: last

text: vestiges

text: of

text: Gaddafist

text: power

text: On

text: August

text: the

text: Arab

text: League

text: recognised

text: the

text: NTC

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: legitimate

text: representative

text: of

text: the

text: Libyan

text: state

text: on

text: which

text: basis

text: Libya

text: would

text: resume

text: its

text: membership

text: in

text: the

text: League

question: What is another term for the Amazigh?

answer: Berber

text: Berber

question: What language did the Berbers living in the Nafusa Mountains not speak?

answer: Arabic

text: Arabic

question: On what date did the NTC government enter the Arab League?

answer: 25 August

text: 25 August

question: What were the last two cities to be controlled by Gaddafi's government?

answer: Zliten and Tripoli

text: Zliten and Tripoli

question: What organization provided air support to the Libyan rebels?

answer: NATO

text: NATO


text: In addition to the use of sound for communication, a wide range of insects have evolved chemical means for communication. These chemicals, termed semiochemicals, are often derived from plant metabolites include those meant to attract, repel and provide other kinds of information. Pheromones, a type of semiochemical, are used for attracting mates of the opposite sex, for aggregating conspecific individuals of both sexes, for deterring other individuals from approaching, to mark a trail, and to trigger aggression in nearby individuals. Allomonea benefit their producer by the effect they have upon the receiver. Kairomones benefit their receiver instead of their producer. Synomones benefit the producer and the receiver. While some chemicals are targeted at individuals of the same species, others are used for communication across species. The use of scents is especially well known to have developed in social insects.:96–105

title: Insect

title: Insect

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: sound

text: for

text: communication

text: a

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: insects

text: have

text: evolved

text: chemical

text: means

text: for

text: communication

text: These

text: chemicals

text: termed

text: semiochemicals

text: are

text: often

text: derived

text: from

text: plant

text: metabolites

text: include

text: those

text: meant

text: to

text: attract

text: repel

text: and

text: provide

text: other

text: kinds

text: of

text: information

text: Pheromones

text: a

text: type

text: of

text: semiochemical

text: are

text: used

text: for

text: attracting

text: mates

text: of

text: the

text: opposite

text: sex

text: for

text: aggregating

text: conspecific

text: individuals

text: of

text: both

text: sexes

text: for

text: deterring

text: other

text: individuals

text: from

text: approaching

text: to

text: mark

text: a

text: trail

text: and

text: to

text: trigger

text: aggression

text: in

text: nearby

text: individuals

text: Allomonea

text: benefit

text: their

text: producer

text: by

text: the

text: effect

text: they

text: have

text: upon

text: the

text: receiver

text: Kairomones

text: benefit

text: their

text: receiver

text: instead

text: of

text: their

text: producer

text: Synomones

text: benefit

text: the

text: producer

text: and

text: the

text: receiver

text: While

text: some

text: chemicals

text: are

text: targeted

text: at

text: individuals

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: species

text: others

text: are

text: used

text: for

text: communication

text: across

text: species

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: scents

text: is

text: especially

text: well

text: known

text: to

text: have

text: developed

text: in

text: social

question: Insects use sound and what other means for communication?

answer: chemical means

text: chemical means

question: The chemicals used by insects to communicate are called what?

answer: semiochemicals

text: semiochemicals

question: Semiochemicals come from where?

answer: plant metabolites

text: plant metabolites

question: Insect chemicals are used to attract and what else?

answer: repel

text: repel

question: What insect chemical benefits both the receiver and the producer?

answer: Synomones

text: Synomones


text: Other features of the city's transportation infrastructure encompass more than 12,000 yellow taxicabs; various competing startup transportation network companies; and an aerial tramway that transports commuters between Roosevelt Island and Manhattan Island.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: Other

text: features

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: transportation

text: infrastructure

text: encompass

text: more

text: than

text: yellow

text: taxicabs

text: various

text: competing

text: startup

text: transportation

text: network

text: companies

text: and

text: an

text: aerial

text: tramway

text: that

text: transports

text: commuters

text: between

text: Roosevelt

text: Island

text: and

text: Manhattan

text: Island

question: About how many yellow cabs operate in New York?

answer: 12,000

question: Where does the aerial tramway that starts on Roosevelt Island terminate?

answer: Manhattan Island

text: Manhattan Island


text: Grove Street Cemetery, a National Historic Landmark which lies adjacent to Yale's campus, contains the graves of Roger Sherman, Eli Whitney, Noah Webster, Josiah Willard Gibbs, Charles Goodyear and Walter Camp, among other notable burials. The cemetery is known for its grand Egyptian Revival gateway. The Union League Club of New Haven building, located on Chapel Street, is notable for not only being a historic Beaux-Arts building, but also is built on the site where Roger Sherman's home once stood; George Washington is known to have stayed at the Sherman residence while President in 1789 (one of three times Washington visited New Haven throughout his lifetime).

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: Grove

text: Street

text: Cemetery

text: a

text: National

text: Historic

text: Landmark

text: which

text: lies

text: adjacent

text: to

text: Yale

text: 's

text: campus

text: contains

text: the

text: graves

text: of

text: Roger

text: Sherman

text: Eli

text: Whitney

text: Noah

text: Webster

text: Josiah

text: Willard

text: Gibbs

text: Charles

text: Goodyear

text: and

text: Walter

text: Camp

text: among

text: other

text: notable

text: burials

text: The

text: cemetery

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: grand

text: Egyptian

text: Revival

text: gateway

text: The

text: Union

text: League

text: Club

text: of

text: New

text: Haven

text: building

text: located

text: on

text: Chapel

text: Street

text: is

text: notable

text: for

text: not

text: only

text: being

text: a

text: historic

text: Beaux

text: Arts

text: building

text: but

text: also

text: is

text: built

text: on

text: the

text: site

text: where

text: Roger

text: Sherman

text: 's

text: home

text: once

text: stood

text: George

text: Washington

text: is

text: known

text: to

text: have

text: stayed

text: at

text: the

text: Sherman

text: residence

text: while

text: President

text: in

text: one

text: of

text: three

text: times

text: Washington

text: visited

text: New

text: Haven

text: throughout

text: his

text: lifetime

question: What cemetery in New Haven is situated next to the campus of Yale University and has been designated a National Historic Landmark?

answer: Grove Street

text: Grove Street

question: In what architectural style is the gateway of Grove Street Cemetery notably designed?

answer: Egyptian Revival

text: Egyptian Revival

question: What Beaux Arts structure on New Haven's Chapel Street was built on the site believed to formerly feature the home of Roger Sherman?

answer: The Union League Club of New Haven building

text: The Union League Club of New Haven building

question: What former U.S. president is believed to have stayed in New Haven at the home of Roger Sherman?

answer: George Washington

text: George Washington

question: Which notable New Haven resident inventor, credited with the cotton gin, is buried in Grove Street Cemetery?

answer: Eli Whitney

text: Eli Whitney

question: What is the name of the historical site that site next to Yale's campus?

answer: Grove Street Cemetery

text: Grove Street Cemetery

question: What is Grove Street Cemetery famously known for?

answer: Egyptian Revival gateway

text: Egyptian Revival gateway

question: Roger Sherman once lived in Chapel Street, in modern day what is the name building that sit in its' place?

answer: Union League Club

text: Union League Club

question: George Washington once paid visit to Sherman's house, what year was this?

answer: 1789


text: In the 1970s, the Bronx was plagued by a wave of arson. The burning of buildings was predominantly in the poorest communities, like the South Bronx. The most common explanation of what occurred was that landlords decided to burn their low property-value buildings and take the insurance money as it was more lucrative to get insurance money than to refurbish or sell a building in a severely distressed area. The Bronx became identified with a high rate of poverty and unemployment, which was mainly a persistent problem in the South Bronx.

title: The_Bronx

title: The_Bronx

text: In

text: the

text: the

text: Bronx

text: was

text: plagued

text: by

text: a

text: wave

text: of

text: arson

text: The

text: burning

text: of

text: buildings

text: was

text: predominantly

text: in

text: the

text: poorest

text: communities

text: like

text: the

text: South

text: Bronx

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: explanation

text: of

text: what

text: occurred

text: was

text: that

text: landlords

text: decided

text: to

text: burn

text: their

text: low

text: property

text: value

text: buildings

text: and

text: take

text: the

text: insurance

text: money

text: as

text: it

text: was

text: more

text: lucrative

text: to

text: get

text: insurance

text: money

text: than

text: to

text: refurbish

text: or

text: sell

text: a

text: building

text: in

text: a

text: severely

text: distressed

text: area

text: The

text: Bronx

text: became

text: identified

text: with

text: a

text: high

text: rate

text: of

text: poverty

text: and

text: unemployment

text: which

text: was

text: mainly

text: a

text: persistent

text: problem

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: Bronx

question: What crime was common in the Bronx in the 1970s?

answer: arson

text: arson

question: Why did some landlords burn their own buildings?

answer: it was more lucrative to get insurance money than to refurbish or sell a building in a severely distressed area

text: it was more lucrative to get insurance money than to refurbish or sell a building in a severely distressed area

question: Where were poverty and unemployment the worst in the Bronx?

answer: South Bronx

text: South Bronx


text: In the United States, August Vollmer introduced other reforms, including education requirements for police officers. O.W. Wilson, a student of Vollmer, helped reduce corruption and introduce professionalism in Wichita, Kansas, and later in the Chicago Police Department. Strategies employed by O.W. Wilson included rotating officers from community to community to reduce their vulnerability to corruption, establishing of a non-partisan police board to help govern the police force, a strict merit system for promotions within the department, and an aggressive recruiting drive with higher police salaries to attract professionally qualified officers. During the professionalism era of policing, law enforcement agencies concentrated on dealing with felonies and other serious crime, rather than broader focus on crime prevention.

title: Police

title: Police

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: August

text: Vollmer

text: introduced

text: other

text: reforms

text: including

text: education

text: requirements

text: for

text: police

text: officers

text: O.W.

text: Wilson

text: a

text: student

text: of

text: Vollmer

text: helped

text: reduce

text: corruption

text: and

text: introduce

text: professionalism

text: in

text: Wichita

text: Kansas

text: and

text: later

text: in

text: the

text: Chicago

text: Police

text: Department

text: Strategies

text: employed

text: by

text: O.W.

text: Wilson

text: included

text: rotating

text: officers

text: from

text: community

text: to

text: community

text: to

text: reduce

text: their

text: vulnerability

text: to

text: corruption

text: establishing

text: of

text: a

text: non

text: partisan

text: police

text: board

text: to

text: help

text: govern

text: the

text: police

text: force

text: a

text: strict

text: merit

text: system

text: for

text: promotions

text: within

text: the

text: department

text: and

text: an

text: aggressive

text: recruiting

text: drive

text: with

text: higher

text: police

text: salaries

text: to

text: attract

text: professionally

text: qualified

text: officers

text: During

text: the

text: professionalism

text: era

text: of

text: policing

text: law

text: enforcement

text: agencies

text: concentrated

text: on

text: dealing

text: with

text: felonies

text: and

text: other

text: serious

text: crime

text: rather

text: than

text: broader

text: focus

text: on

text: crime

text: prevention

question: Who introduced education requirements for US police?

answer: August Vollmer

text: August Vollmer

question: Who was O.W. Wilson a student of?

answer: August Vollmer

text: August Vollmer

question: Where did Wilson reduce police corruption?

answer: Wichita, Kansas, and later in the Chicago Police Department

text: Wichita, Kansas, and later in the Chicago Police Department

question: Why did Wilson rotate officers between communities?

answer: to reduce their vulnerability to corruption

text: to reduce their vulnerability to corruption

question: How did Wilson recruit more qualified police?

answer: an aggressive recruiting drive with higher police salaries

text: an aggressive recruiting drive with higher police salaries

question: Who never introduced education requirements for US police?

text: August Vollmer

question: Who was W.O. Wilson a student of?

text: August Vollmer

question: Where did Wilson increase police corruption?

question: Why did Wilson rotate officers between communities?

question: How did Wilson recruit more unqualified police?


text: Parts of what is now Rajasthan were part of the Indus Valley Civilization. Kalibangan, in Hanumangarh district, was a major provincial capital of the Indus Valley Civilization,. It is believed that Western Kshatrapas (405–35 BC) were Saka rulers of the western part of India (Saurashtra and Malwa: modern Gujarat, Southern Sindh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan). They were successors to the Indo-Scythians and were contemporaneous with the Kushans, who ruled the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The Indo-Scythians invaded the area of Ujjain and established the Saka era (with their calendar), marking the beginning of the long-lived Saka Western Satraps state. Matsya, a state of the Vedic civilisation of India, is said to roughly corresponded to the former state of Jaipur in Rajasthan and included the whole of Alwar with portions of Bharatpur. The capital of Matsya was at Viratanagar (modern Bairat), which is said to have been named after its founder king Virata.

title: Rajasthan

title: Rajasthan

text: Parts

text: of

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: Rajasthan

text: were

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Indus

text: Valley

text: Civilization

text: Kalibangan

text: in

text: Hanumangarh

text: district

text: was

text: a

text: major

text: provincial

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Indus

text: Valley

text: Civilization

text: It

text: is

text: believed

text: that

text: Western

text: Kshatrapas

text: BC

text: were

text: Saka

text: rulers

text: of

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: India

text: Saurashtra

text: and

text: Malwa

text: modern

text: Gujarat

text: Southern

text: Sindh

text: Maharashtra

text: Rajasthan

text: They

text: were

text: successors

text: to

text: the

text: Indo

text: Scythians

text: and

text: were

text: contemporaneous

text: with

text: the

text: Kushans

text: who

text: ruled

text: the

text: northern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: The

text: Indo

text: Scythians

text: invaded

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: Ujjain

text: and

text: established

text: the

text: Saka

text: era

text: with

text: their

text: calendar

text: marking

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: long

text: lived

text: Saka

text: Western

text: Satraps

text: state

text: Matsya

text: a

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: Vedic

text: civilisation

text: of

text: India

text: is

text: said

text: to

text: roughly

text: corresponded

text: to

text: the

text: former

text: state

text: of

text: Jaipur

text: in

text: Rajasthan

text: and

text: included

text: the

text: whole

text: of

text: Alwar

text: with

text: portions

text: of

text: Bharatpur

text: The

text: capital

text: of

text: Matsya

text: was

text: at

text: Viratanagar

text: modern

text: Bairat

text: which

text: is

text: said

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: named

text: after

text: its

text: founder

text: king

text: Virata

question: Some portions of Rajasthan were involved with what ancient civilization?

answer: the Indus Valley Civilization

text: the Indus Valley Civilization

question: In what Indus Valley Civilization district was Kalibangan within?

answer: Hanumangarh district

text: Hanumangarh district

question: What were the Saka Rulers of Western India believed to be called?

answer: Western Kshatrapas

text: Western Kshatrapas

question: Over what time period were the Western Kshatrapas in power?

answer: 405–35 BC

text: 405–35 BC

question: The Kushans ruled what part of the Indian subcontinent?

answer: the northern part

text: the northern part

question: During what time period were the Hanumangarh in power?

text: (405–35 BC)

question: Who were the Hanumangarh successors to?

text: the Indo-Scythians

question: Over what area did the Sindh rule?

question: What area did the Saurashtra invade to establish the Saka era?

text: Ujjain

question: Who was the capital of Gujarat named after?

text: its founder king Virata


text: Laws were instituted that required every able-bodied male Japanese citizen, regardless of class, to serve a mandatory term of three years with the first reserves and two additional years with the second reserves. This action, the deathblow for the samurai warriors and their daimyo feudal lords, initially met resistance from both the peasant and warrior alike. The peasant class interpreted the term for military service, ketsu-eki (blood tax) literally, and attempted to avoid service by any means necessary. The Japanese government began modelling their ground forces after the French military. The French government contributed greatly to the training of Japanese officers. Many were employed at the military academy in Kyoto, and many more still were feverishly translating French field manuals for use in the Japanese ranks.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: Laws

text: were

text: instituted

text: that

text: required

text: every

text: able

text: bodied

text: male

text: Japanese

text: citizen

text: regardless

text: of

text: class

text: to

text: serve

text: a

text: mandatory

text: term

text: of

text: three

text: years

text: with

text: the

text: first

text: reserves

text: and

text: two

text: additional

text: years

text: with

text: the

text: second

text: reserves

text: This

text: action

text: the

text: deathblow

text: for

text: the

text: samurai

text: warriors

text: and

text: their

text: daimyo

text: feudal

text: lords

text: initially

text: met

text: resistance

text: from

text: both

text: the

text: peasant

text: and

text: warrior

text: alike

text: The

text: peasant

text: class

text: interpreted

text: the

text: term

text: for

text: military

text: service

text: ketsu

text: eki

text: blood

text: tax

text: literally

text: and

text: attempted

text: to

text: avoid

text: service

text: by

text: any

text: means

text: necessary

text: The

text: Japanese

text: government

text: began

text: modelling

text: their

text: ground

text: forces

text: after

text: the

text: French

text: military

text: The

text: French

text: government

text: contributed

text: greatly

text: to

text: the

text: training

text: of

text: Japanese

text: officers

text: Many

text: were

text: employed

text: at

text: the

text: military

text: academy

text: in

text: Kyoto

text: and

text: many

text: more

text: still

text: were

text: feverishly

text: translating

text: French

text: field

text: manuals

text: for

text: use

text: in

text: the

text: Japanese

text: ranks

question: Laws mandated that every able bodies Japanese citizen do what?

answer: serve a mandatory term of three years with the first reserves and two additional years with the second reserves.

text: serve a mandatory term of three years with the first reserves and two additional years with the second reserves.

question: Who initially rejected the Japanese laws mandating military service?

answer: peasant and warrior alike.

text: peasant and warrior alike.

question: What did the peasant class name the mandatory military service law?

answer: ketsu-eki

text: ketsu-eki

question: Who did the Japanese form their military  forces after?

answer: French military

text: French military

question: Where was the military academy located?

answer: Kyoto

text: Kyoto


text: Red is one of the most common colors used on national flags. The use of red has similar connotations from country to country: the blood, sacrifice, and courage of those who defended their country; the sun and the hope and warmth it brings; and the sacrifice of Christ's blood (in some historically Christian nations) are a few examples. Red is the color of the flags of several countries that once belonged to the former British Empire. The British flag bears the colors red, white, and blue; it includes the cross of Saint George, patron saint of England, and the saltire of Saint Patrick, patron saint of Ireland, both of which are red on white. The flag of the United States bears the colors of Britain, the colors of the French tricolore include red as part of the old Paris coat of arms, and other countries' flags, such as those of Australia, New Zealand, and Fiji, carry a small inset of the British flag in memory of their ties to that country. Many former colonies of Spain, such as Mexico, Colombia, Ecuador, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Peru, and Venezuela, also feature red-one of the colors of the Spanish flag-on their own banners. Red flags are also used to symbolize storms, bad water conditions, and many other dangers. Navy flags are often red and yellow. Red is prominently featured in the flag of the United States Marine Corps.

title: Red

title: Red

text: Red

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: colors

text: used

text: on

text: national

text: flags

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: red

text: has

text: similar

text: connotations

text: from

text: country

text: to

text: country

text: the

text: blood

text: sacrifice

text: and

text: courage

text: of

text: those

text: who

text: defended

text: their

text: country

text: the

text: sun

text: and

text: the

text: hope

text: and

text: warmth

text: it

text: brings

text: and

text: the

text: sacrifice

text: of

text: Christ

text: 's

text: blood

text: in

text: some

text: historically

text: Christian

text: nations

text: are

text: a

text: few

text: examples

text: Red

text: is

text: the

text: color

text: of

text: the

text: flags

text: of

text: several

text: countries

text: that

text: once

text: belonged

text: to

text: the

text: former

text: British

text: Empire

text: The

text: British

text: flag

text: bears

text: the

text: colors

text: red

text: white

text: and

text: blue

text: it

text: includes

text: the

text: cross

text: of

text: Saint

text: George

text: patron

text: saint

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: saltire

text: of

text: Saint

text: Patrick

text: patron

text: saint

text: of

text: Ireland

text: both

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: red

text: on

text: white

text: The

text: flag

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: bears

text: the

text: colors

text: of

text: Britain

text: the

text: colors

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: tricolore

text: include

text: red

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: old

text: Paris

text: coat

text: of

text: arms

text: and

text: other

text: countries

text: flags

text: such

text: as

text: those

text: of

text: Australia

text: New

text: Zealand

text: and

text: Fiji

text: carry

text: a

text: small

text: inset

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: flag

text: in

text: memory

text: of

text: their

text: ties

text: to

text: that

text: country

text: Many

text: former

text: colonies

text: of

text: Spain

text: such

text: as

text: Mexico

text: Colombia

text: Ecuador

text: Cuba

text: Puerto

text: Rico

text: Peru

text: and

text: Venezuela

text: also

text: feature

text: red

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: colors

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: flag

text: on

text: their

text: own

text: banners

text: Red

text: flags

text: are

text: also

text: used

text: to

text: symbolize

text: storms

text: bad

text: water

text: conditions

text: and

text: many

text: other

text: dangers

text: Navy

text: flags

text: are

text: often

text: red

text: and

text: yellow

text: Red

text: is

text: prominently

text: featured

text: in

text: the

text: flag

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Marine

text: Corps

question: In Christian nations what does the color red often become associated with?

answer: Christ's blood

text: Christ's blood

question: What cross is on the British flag?

answer: the cross of Saint George

text: the cross of Saint George

question: As it relates to England, who is Saint George?

answer: patron saint of England

text: patron saint of England

question: Which US armed force uses red as the main color of its flag?

answer: the United States Marine Corps

text: the United States Marine Corps

question: In terms of a beach, why might one see a red flag?

answer: bad water conditions

text: bad water conditions

question: What is the most common color used on national flags?

text: Red

question: What colors do all former British colonies use on their flags?

text: red, white, and blue

question: What color do all of the former colonies of Spain have on their flag?

text: red

question: What color is prominently featured in the flag of the United States Corps Marines?

text: Red

question: What colors are on the Spanish Navy flag?

text: red and yellow


text: Following a series of arcade game successes in the early 1980s, Nintendo made plans to create a cartridge-based console called the Famicom. Masayuki Uemura designed the system. Original plans called for an advanced 16-bit system which would function as a full-fledged computer with a keyboard and floppy disk drive, but Nintendo president Hiroshi Yamauchi rejected this and instead decided to go for a cheaper, more conventional cartridge-based game console as he felt that features such as keyboards and disks were intimidating to non-technophiles. A test model was constructed in October 1982 to verify the functionality of the hardware, after which work began on programming tools. Because 65xx CPUs had not been manufactured or sold in Japan up to that time, no cross-development software was available and it had to be produced from scratch. Early Famicom games were written on a system that ran on an NEC PC-8001 computer and LEDs on a grid were used with a digitizer to design graphics as no software design tools for this purpose existed at that time.[citation needed]

title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System

title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System

text: Following

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: arcade

text: game

text: successes

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: Nintendo

text: made

text: plans

text: to

text: create

text: a

text: cartridge

text: based

text: console

text: called

text: the

text: Famicom

text: Masayuki

text: Uemura

text: designed

text: the

text: system

text: Original

text: plans

text: called

text: for

text: an

text: advanced

text: system

text: which

text: would

text: function

text: as

text: a

text: full

text: fledged

text: computer

text: with

text: a

text: keyboard

text: and

text: floppy

text: disk

text: drive

text: but

text: Nintendo

text: president

text: Hiroshi

text: Yamauchi

text: rejected

text: this

text: and

text: instead

text: decided

text: to

text: go

text: for

text: a

text: cheaper

text: more

text: conventional

text: cartridge

text: based

text: game

text: console

text: as

text: he

text: felt

text: that

text: features

text: such

text: as

text: keyboards

text: and

text: disks

text: were

text: intimidating

text: to

text: non

text: technophiles

text: A

text: test

text: model

text: was

text: constructed

text: in

text: October

text: to

text: verify

text: the

text: functionality

text: of

text: the

text: hardware

text: after

text: which

text: work

text: began

text: on

text: programming

text: tools

text: Because

text: CPUs

text: had

text: not

text: been

text: manufactured

text: or

text: sold

text: in

text: Japan

text: up

text: to

text: that

text: time

text: no

text: cross

text: development

text: software

text: was

text: available

text: and

text: it

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: produced

text: from

text: scratch

text: Early

text: Famicom

text: games

text: were

text: written

text: on

text: a

text: system

text: that

text: ran

text: on

text: an

text: NEC

text: computer

text: and

text: LEDs

text: on

text: a

text: grid

text: were

text: used

text: with

text: a

text: digitizer

text: to

text: design

text: graphics

text: as

text: no

text: software

text: design

text: tools

text: for

text: this

text: purpose

text: existed

text: at

text: that

text: time.[citation

text: needed

question: Who designed the Famicom system?

answer: Masayuki Uemura

text: Masayuki Uemura

question: The plans called for how many bits as a feature?

answer: 16

question: Who was the Nintendo president at the time?

answer: Hiroshi Yamauchi

text: Hiroshi Yamauchi

question: When was the test model constructed?

answer: October 1982

text: October 1982

question: Early Famicom games were written on what computer system?

answer: NEC PC-8001

text: NEC PC-8001

question: Who designed the Pamicom system?

text: Masayuki Uemura

question: The first plans called for how many bits as a feature?

question: Who was the Nintendo vice president at the time?

text: Hiroshi Yamauchi

question: When was the test model destroyed?

text: October 1982

question: Early Famicom games weren't written on what computer system?

text: NEC PC-8001


text: In April 2013, the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) reported that the weak antibiotic pipeline does not match bacteria's increasing ability to develop resistance. Since 2009, only 2 new antibiotics were approved in the United States. The number of new antibiotics approved for marketing per year declines continuously. The report identified seven antibiotics against the Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) currently in phase 2 or phase 3 clinical trials. However, these drugs do not address the entire spectrum of resistance of GNB. Some of these antibiotics are combination of existent treatments:

title: Antibiotics

title: Antibiotics

text: In

text: April

text: the

text: Infectious

text: Disease

text: Society

text: of

text: America

text: IDSA

text: reported

text: that

text: the

text: weak

text: antibiotic

text: pipeline

text: does

text: not

text: match

text: bacteria

text: 's

text: increasing

text: ability

text: to

text: develop

text: resistance

text: Since

text: only

text: new

text: antibiotics

text: were

text: approved

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: number

text: of

text: new

text: antibiotics

text: approved

text: for

text: marketing

text: per

text: year

text: declines

text: continuously

text: The

text: report

text: identified

text: seven

text: antibiotics

text: against

text: the

text: Gram

text: negative

text: bacilli

text: GNB

text: currently

text: in

text: phase

text: or

text: phase

text: clinical

text: trials

text: However

text: these

text: drugs

text: do

text: not

text: address

text: the

text: entire

text: spectrum

text: of

text: resistance

text: of

text: GNB

text: Some

text: of

text: these

text: antibiotics

text: are

text: combination

text: of

text: existent

text: treatments

question: How many antibiotics have been created in the last 7 years?

answer: 2

question: How many are in the pipelin to fight GNB?

answer: seven

text: seven

question: What year did the Infectious Disease Society of America say that production of new antibiotics does not keep up with resistance?

answer: 2013

question: How many bacilli have been created in the last 7 years?

question: How many are in the pipeline to fight IDSA?

text: seven

question: What year did the Infectious Diseases of America say that production of GNB does not keep up with resistance?

question: What happens to the umber of new resistance?

text: declines continuously

question: What drugs address teh entire spectrum of resistance of GNB?

text: antibiotics


text: The European powers continued to pursue diplomatic avenues. The representatives of the four neutral Great Powers—the United Kingdom, France, Austria and Prussia—met in Vienna, where they drafted a note that they hoped would be acceptable to both the Russians and the Ottomans. The peace terms arrived at by the four powers at the Vienna Conference were delivered to the Russians by the Austrian Foreign Minister Count Karl von Buol on 5 December 1853. The note met with the approval of Nicholas I; however, Abdülmecid I rejected the proposal, feeling that the document's poor phrasing left it open to many different interpretations. The United Kingdom, France, and Austria united in proposing amendments to mollify the Sultan, but the court of St. Petersburg ignored their suggestions.:143 The UK and France then set aside the idea of continuing negotiations, but Austria and Prussia did not believe that the rejection of the proposed amendments justified the abandonment of the diplomatic process.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: The

text: European

text: powers

text: continued

text: to

text: pursue

text: diplomatic

text: avenues

text: The

text: representatives

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: neutral

text: Great

text: Powers

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: France

text: Austria

text: and

text: Prussia

text: met

text: in

text: Vienna

text: where

text: they

text: drafted

text: a

text: note

text: that

text: they

text: hoped

text: would

text: be

text: acceptable

text: to

text: both

text: the

text: Russians

text: and

text: the

text: Ottomans

text: The

text: peace

text: terms

text: arrived

text: at

text: by

text: the

text: four

text: powers

text: at

text: the

text: Vienna

text: Conference

text: were

text: delivered

text: to

text: the

text: Russians

text: by

text: the

text: Austrian

text: Foreign

text: Minister

text: Count

text: Karl

text: von

text: Buol

text: on

text: December

text: The

text: note

text: met

text: with

text: the

text: approval

text: of

text: Nicholas

text: I

text: however

text: Abdülmecid

text: I

text: rejected

text: the

text: proposal

text: feeling

text: that

text: the

text: document

text: 's

text: poor

text: phrasing

text: left

text: it

text: open

text: to

text: many

text: different

text: interpretations

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: France

text: and

text: Austria

text: united

text: in

text: proposing

text: amendments

text: to

text: mollify

text: the

text: Sultan

text: but

text: the

text: court

text: of

text: St.

text: Petersburg

text: ignored

text: their

text: The

text: UK

text: and

text: France

text: then

text: set

text: aside

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: continuing

text: negotiations

text: but

text: Austria

text: and

text: Prussia

text: did

text: not

text: believe

text: that

text: the

text: rejection

text: of

text: the

text: proposed

text: amendments

text: justified

text: the

text: abandonment

text: of

text: the

text: diplomatic

text: process

question: What European powers met in Vienna for a conference?

answer: United Kingdom, France, Austria and Prussia

text: United Kingdom, France, Austria and Prussia

question: Who delivered the peace terms of the Vienna Conference to the Russians?

answer: Count Karl von Buol

text: Count Karl von Buol

question: In what year did Count Karl von Buol deliver the Vienna Conference news to the Russians?

answer: 1853

question: Who rejected the proposal due to poor word phrasing?

answer: Abdülmecid I

text: Abdülmecid I

question: Who approved the proposal given by Count Karl von Buol ?

answer: Nicholas I

text: Nicholas I


text: In 1997, the Vienna Philharmonic was "facing protests during a [US] tour" by the National Organization for Women and the International Alliance for Women in Music. Finally, "after being held up to increasing ridicule even in socially conservative Austria, members of the orchestra gathered [on 28 February 1997] in an extraordinary meeting on the eve of their departure and agreed to admit a woman, Anna Lelkes, as harpist." As of 2013, the orchestra has six female members; one of them, violinist Albena Danailova became one of the orchestra's concertmasters in 2008, the first woman to hold that position. In 2012, women still made up just 6% of the orchestra's membership. VPO president Clemens Hellsberg said the VPO now uses completely screened blind auditions.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: In

text: the

text: Vienna

text: Philharmonic

text: was

text: facing

text: protests

text: during

text: a

text: US

text: tour

text: by

text: the

text: National

text: Organization

text: for

text: Women

text: and

text: the

text: International

text: Alliance

text: for

text: Women

text: in

text: Music

text: Finally

text: after

text: being

text: held

text: up

text: to

text: increasing

text: ridicule

text: even

text: in

text: socially

text: conservative

text: Austria

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: orchestra

text: gathered

text: on

text: February

text: in

text: an

text: extraordinary

text: meeting

text: on

text: the

text: eve

text: of

text: their

text: departure

text: and

text: agreed

text: to

text: admit

text: a

text: woman

text: Anna

text: Lelkes

text: as

text: harpist

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: orchestra

text: has

text: six

text: female

text: members

text: one

text: of

text: them

text: violinist

text: Albena

text: Danailova

text: became

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: orchestra

text: 's

text: concertmasters

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: woman

text: to

text: hold

text: that

text: position

text: In

text: women

text: still

text: made

text: up

text: just

text: of

text: the

text: orchestra

text: 's

text: membership

text: VPO

text: president

text: Clemens

text: Hellsberg

text: said

text: the

text: VPO

text: now

text: uses

text: completely

text: screened

text: blind

text: auditions

question: In what year did the Vienna Philharmonic face protests in the US?

answer: 1997

question: Who was the first woman admitted to the Vienna Philharmonic?

answer: Anna Lelkes

text: Anna Lelkes

question: What instrument did Anna Lelkes play?

answer: harp

text: harp

question: How many female members were part of the Vienna Philharmonic in 2013?

answer: six

text: six

question: Who was the Vienna Philharmonic's first female concertmaster?

answer: Albena Danailova

text: Albena Danailova