text: The Jesuit China missions of the 16th and 17th centuries "learned to appreciate the scientific achievements of this ancient culture and made them known in Europe. Through their correspondence European scientists first learned about the Chinese science and culture." Western academic thought on the history of Chinese technology and science was galvanized by the work of Joseph Needham and the Needham Research Institute. Among the technological accomplishments of China were, according to the British scholar Needham, early seismological detectors (Zhang Heng in the 2nd century), the water-powered celestial globe (Zhang Heng), matches, the independent invention of the decimal system, dry docks, sliding calipers, the double-action piston pump, cast iron, the blast furnace, the iron plough, the multi-tube seed drill, the wheelbarrow, the suspension bridge, the winnowing machine, the rotary fan, the parachute, natural gas as fuel, the raised-relief map, the propeller, the crossbow, and a solid fuel rocket, the multistage rocket, the horse collar, along with contributions in logic, astronomy, medicine, and other fields.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: The

text: Jesuit

text: China

text: missions

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: learned

text: to

text: appreciate

text: the

text: scientific

text: achievements

text: of

text: this

text: ancient

text: culture

text: and

text: made

text: them

text: known

text: in

text: Europe

text: Through

text: their

text: correspondence

text: European

text: scientists

text: first

text: learned

text: about

text: the

text: Chinese

text: science

text: and

text: culture

text: Western

text: academic

text: thought

text: on

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: Chinese

text: technology

text: and

text: science

text: was

text: galvanized

text: by

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Joseph

text: Needham

text: and

text: the

text: Needham

text: Research

text: Institute

text: Among

text: the

text: technological

text: accomplishments

text: of

text: China

text: were

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: British

text: scholar

text: Needham

text: early

text: seismological

text: detectors

text: Zhang

text: Heng

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: water

text: powered

text: celestial

text: globe

text: Zhang

text: Heng

text: matches

text: the

text: independent

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: decimal

text: system

text: dry

text: docks

text: sliding

text: calipers

text: the

text: double

text: action

text: piston

text: pump

text: cast

text: iron

text: the

text: blast

text: furnace

text: the

text: iron

text: plough

text: the

text: multi

text: tube

text: seed

text: drill

text: the

text: wheelbarrow

text: the

text: suspension

text: bridge

text: the

text: winnowing

text: machine

text: the

text: rotary

text: fan

text: the

text: parachute

text: natural

text: gas

text: as

text: fuel

text: the

text: raised

text: relief

text: map

text: the

text: propeller

text: the

text: crossbow

text: and

text: a

text: solid

text: fuel

text: rocket

text: the

text: multistage

text: rocket

text: the

text: horse

text: collar

text: along

text: with

text: contributions

text: in

text: logic

text: astronomy

text: medicine

text: and

text: other

text: fields

question: Who was the Needham Research Institute named after?

answer: Joseph Needham

text: Joseph Needham

question: What type of bridge originated in China?

answer: suspension

text: suspension

question: What type of map originated in China?

answer: raised-relief

text: raised-relief

question: What type of fan originated in China?

answer: rotary

text: rotary

question: What type of globe did Zhang Heng invent?

answer: water-powered celestial

text: water-powered celestial


text: Performers who have studied classical music extensively are said to be "classically trained". This training may be from private lessons from instrument or voice teachers or from completion of a formal program offered by a Conservatory, college or university, such as a B.mus. or M.mus. degree (which includes individual lessons from professors). In classical music, "...extensive formal music education and training, often to postgraduate [Master's degree] level" is required.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: Performers

text: who

text: have

text: studied

text: classical

text: music

text: extensively

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: be

text: classically

text: trained

text: This

text: training

text: may

text: be

text: from

text: private

text: lessons

text: from

text: instrument

text: or

text: voice

text: teachers

text: or

text: from

text: completion

text: of

text: a

text: formal

text: program

text: offered

text: by

text: a

text: Conservatory

text: college

text: or

text: university

text: such

text: as

text: a

text: B.mus

text: or

text: M.mus

text: degree

text: which

text: includes

text: individual

text: lessons

text: from

text: professors

text: In

text: classical

text: music

text: extensive

text: formal

text: music

text: education

text: and

text: training

text: often

text: to

text: postgraduate

text: Master

text: 's

text: degree

text: level

text: is

text: required

question: What have classical trained performers done extensively?

answer: studied classical music

text: studied classical music

question: What does a B.mus. or M.mus. degree include?

answer: individual lessons from professors

text: individual lessons from professors

question: To what level is training for classical music often required?

answer: postgraduate

text: postgraduate


text: Farming had been a traditional occupation for centuries, although it became less dominant in the 20th century with the advent of tourism. Grazing and pasture land are limited because of the steep and rocky topography of the Alps. In mid-June cows are moved to the highest pastures close to the snowline, where they are watched by herdsmen who stay in the high altitudes often living in stone huts or wooden barns during the summers. Villagers celebrate the day the cows are herded up to the pastures and again when they return in mid-September. The Alpanschluss or Désalpes ("coming down from the alps") is celebrated by decorating the cows with garlands and enormous cowbells while the farmers dress in traditional costumes.

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: Farming

text: had

text: been

text: a

text: traditional

text: occupation

text: for

text: centuries

text: although

text: it

text: became

text: less

text: dominant

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: with

text: the

text: advent

text: of

text: tourism

text: Grazing

text: and

text: pasture

text: land

text: are

text: limited

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: steep

text: and

text: rocky

text: topography

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: In

text: mid

text: June

text: cows

text: are

text: moved

text: to

text: the

text: highest

text: pastures

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: snowline

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: watched

text: by

text: herdsmen

text: who

text: stay

text: in

text: the

text: high

text: altitudes

text: often

text: living

text: in

text: stone

text: huts

text: or

text: wooden

text: barns

text: during

text: the

text: summers

text: Villagers

text: celebrate

text: the

text: day

text: the

text: cows

text: are

text: herded

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: pastures

text: and

text: again

text: when

text: they

text: return

text: in

text: mid

text: September

text: The

text: Alpanschluss

text: or

text: Désalpes

text: coming

text: down

text: from

text: the

text: alps

text: is

text: celebrated

text: by

text: decorating

text: the

text: cows

text: with

text: garlands

text: and

text: enormous

text: cowbells

text: while

text: the

text: farmers

text: dress

text: in

text: traditional

text: costumes

question: What has been a traditional occupation for centuries?

answer: Farming

text: Farming

question: What made farming less dominant in the 20th century?

answer: tourism

text: tourism

question: Why is pasture land limited?

answer: because of the steep and rocky topography of the Alps

text: because of the steep and rocky topography of the Alps

question: When are cows moved to the highest pastures close to the snowline?

answer: mid-June

text: mid-June


text: When learning how to write hanja, students are taught to memorize the native Korean pronunciation for the hanja's meaning and the Sino-Korean pronunciations (the pronunciation based on the Chinese pronunciation of the characters) for each hanja respectively so that students know what the syllable and meaning is for a particular hanja. For example, the name for the hanja 水 is 물 수 (mul-su) in which 물 (mul) is the native Korean pronunciation for "water", while 수 (su) is the Sino-Korean pronunciation of the character. The naming of hanja is similar to if "water" were named "water-aqua", "horse-equus", or "gold-aurum" based on a hybridization of both the English and the Latin names. Other examples include 사람 인 (saram-in) for 人 "person/people", 큰 대 (keun-dae) for 大 "big/large//great", 작을 소 (jakeul-so) for 小 "small/little", 아래 하 (arae-ha) for 下 "underneath/below/low", 아비 부 (abi-bu) for 父 "father", and 나라이름 한 (naraimreum-han) for 韓 "Han/Korea".

title: Chinese_characters

title: Chinese_characters

text: When

text: learning

text: how

text: to

text: write

text: hanja

text: students

text: are

text: taught

text: to

text: memorize

text: the

text: native

text: Korean

text: pronunciation

text: for

text: the

text: hanja

text: 's

text: meaning

text: and

text: the

text: Sino

text: Korean

text: pronunciations

text: the

text: pronunciation

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: Chinese

text: pronunciation

text: of

text: the

text: characters

text: for

text: each

text: hanja

text: respectively

text: so

text: that

text: students

text: know

text: what

text: the

text: syllable

text: and

text: meaning

text: is

text: for

text: a

text: particular

text: hanja

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: name

text: for

text: the

text: hanja

text: 水

text: is

text: 물

text: 수

text: mul

text: su

text: in

text: which

text: 물

text: mul

text: is

text: the

text: native

text: Korean

text: pronunciation

text: for

text: water

text: while

text: 수

text: su

text: is

text: the

text: Sino

text: Korean

text: pronunciation

text: of

text: the

text: character

text: The

text: naming

text: of

text: hanja

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: if

text: water

text: were

text: named

text: water

text: aqua

text: horse

text: equus

text: or

text: gold

text: aurum

text: based

text: on

text: a

text: hybridization

text: of

text: both

text: the

text: English

text: and

text: the

text: Latin

text: names

text: Other

text: examples

text: include

text: 사람

text: 인

text: saram

text: in

text: for

text: 人

text: person

text: people

text: 큰

text: 대

text: keun

text: dae

text: for

text: 大

text: big

text: large//great

text: 작을

text: 소

text: jakeul

text: so

text: for

text: 小

text: small

text: little

text: 아래

text: 하

text: arae

text: ha

text: for

text: 下

text: underneath

text: below

text: low

text: 아비

text: 부

text: abi

text: bu

text: for

text: 父

text: father

text: and

text: 나라이름

text: 한

text: naraimreum

text: han

text: for

text: 韓

text: Han

text: Korea

question: What are students taught to memorize?

answer: native Korean pronunciation for the hanja's meaning

text: native Korean pronunciation for the hanja's meaning

question: What is name of the hanja?

answer: mul-su

text: mul-su

question: What is the Korean pronunciation of water?

answer: mul

text: mul


text: The Library of Congress (LoC) is an institution established by Congress to provide a research library for the government of the United States and serve as a national library. It is under the supervision of the United States Congress Joint Committee on the Library and the Librarian of Congress. The Near East is a separate topic and subdivision of the African and Middle Eastern division. The Middle East contains a Hebraic section consisting of only Israel for a country, but including eleven modern and ancient languages relating to Judaism, such as Yiddish, a European pidgin language. The Near East is otherwise nearly identical to the Middle East, except that it extends partly into Central Asia and the Caucasus, regions that the State Department considers to be in Asia.

title: Near_East

title: Near_East

text: The

text: Library

text: of

text: Congress

text: LoC

text: is

text: an

text: institution

text: established

text: by

text: Congress

text: to

text: provide

text: a

text: research

text: library

text: for

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: serve

text: as

text: a

text: national

text: library

text: It

text: is

text: under

text: the

text: supervision

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Congress

text: Joint

text: Committee

text: on

text: the

text: Library

text: and

text: the

text: Librarian

text: of

text: Congress

text: The

text: Near

text: East

text: is

text: a

text: separate

text: topic

text: and

text: subdivision

text: of

text: the

text: African

text: and

text: Middle

text: Eastern

text: division

text: The

text: Middle

text: East

text: contains

text: a

text: Hebraic

text: section

text: consisting

text: of

text: only

text: Israel

text: for

text: a

text: country

text: but

text: including

text: eleven

text: modern

text: and

text: ancient

text: languages

text: relating

text: to

text: Judaism

text: such

text: as

text: Yiddish

text: a

text: European

text: pidgin

text: language

text: The

text: Near

text: East

text: is

text: otherwise

text: nearly

text: identical

text: to

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: except

text: that

text: it

text: extends

text: partly

text: into

text: Central

text: Asia

text: and

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: regions

text: that

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: considers

text: to

text: be

text: in

text: Asia

question: What does LoC stand for?

answer: The Library of Congress

text: The Library of Congress

question: What is the Library of Congress?

answer: an institution established by Congress to provide a research library for the government

text: an institution established by Congress to provide a research library for the government

question: The Library of Congress is under whose supervision?

answer: the United States Congress Joint Committee on the Library

text: the United States Congress Joint Committee on the Library


text: Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas primarily focus on Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups and Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups. "Y-DNA" is passed solely along the patrilineal line, from father to son, while "mtDNA" is passed down the matrilineal line, from mother to offspring of both sexes. Neither recombines, and thus Y-DNA and mtDNA change only by chance mutation at each generation with no intermixture between parents' genetic material. Autosomal "atDNA" markers are also used, but differ from mtDNA or Y-DNA in that they overlap significantly. AtDNA is generally used to measure the average continent-of-ancestry genetic admixture in the entire human genome and related isolated populations.

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

text: Genetic

text: history

text: of

text: indigenous

text: peoples

text: of

text: the

text: Americas

text: primarily

text: focus

text: on

text: Human

text: Y

text: chromosome

text: DNA

text: haplogroups

text: and

text: Human

text: mitochondrial

text: DNA

text: haplogroups

text: Y

text: DNA

text: is

text: passed

text: solely

text: along

text: the

text: patrilineal

text: line

text: from

text: father

text: to

text: son

text: while

text: mtDNA

text: is

text: passed

text: down

text: the

text: matrilineal

text: line

text: from

text: mother

text: to

text: offspring

text: of

text: both

text: sexes

text: Neither

text: recombines

text: and

text: thus

text: Y

text: DNA

text: and

text: mtDNA

text: change

text: only

text: by

text: chance

text: mutation

text: at

text: each

text: generation

text: with

text: no

text: intermixture

text: between

text: parents

text: genetic

text: material

text: Autosomal

text: atDNA

text: markers

text: are

text: also

text: used

text: but

text: differ

text: from

text: mtDNA

text: or

text: Y

text: DNA

text: in

text: that

text: they

text: overlap

text: significantly

text: AtDNA

text: is

text: generally

text: used

text: to

text: measure

text: the

text: average

text: continent

text: of

text: ancestry

text: genetic

text: admixture

text: in

text: the

text: entire

text: human

text: genome

text: and

text: related

text: isolated

text: populations

question: What does the genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas primarily focus on?

answer: Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups

text: Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups

question: How is Y-DNA passed along?

answer: patrilineal line

text: patrilineal line

question: Which type of DNA is passed from the mother to offspring of both genders?

answer: mtDNA

text: mtDNA

question: What is the only way that Y-DNA and mtDNA change?

answer: chance mutation

text: chance mutation

question: What is AtDNA generally only used to measure?

answer: average continent-of-ancestry

text: average continent-of-ancestry


text: The PV industry has seen drops in module prices since 2008. In late 2011, factory-gate prices for crystalline-silicon photovoltaic modules dropped below the $1.00/W mark. The $1.00/W installed cost, is often regarded in the PV industry as marking the achievement of grid parity for PV. These reductions have taken many stakeholders, including industry analysts, by surprise, and perceptions of current solar power economics often lags behind reality. Some stakeholders still have the perspective that solar PV remains too costly on an unsubsidized basis to compete with conventional generation options. Yet technological advancements, manufacturing process improvements, and industry re-structuring, mean that further price reductions are likely in coming years.

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

text: The

text: PV

text: industry

text: has

text: seen

text: drops

text: in

text: module

text: prices

text: since

text: In

text: late

text: factory

text: gate

text: prices

text: for

text: crystalline

text: silicon

text: photovoltaic

text: modules

text: dropped

text: below

text: the

text: mark

text: The

text: installed

text: cost

text: is

text: often

text: regarded

text: in

text: the

text: PV

text: industry

text: as

text: marking

text: the

text: achievement

text: of

text: grid

text: parity

text: for

text: PV

text: These

text: reductions

text: have

text: taken

text: many

text: stakeholders

text: including

text: industry

text: analysts

text: by

text: surprise

text: and

text: perceptions

text: of

text: current

text: solar

text: power

text: economics

text: often

text: lags

text: behind

text: reality

text: Some

text: stakeholders

text: still

text: have

text: the

text: perspective

text: that

text: solar

text: PV

text: remains

text: too

text: costly

text: on

text: an

text: unsubsidized

text: basis

text: to

text: compete

text: with

text: conventional

text: generation

text: options

text: Yet

text: technological

text: advancements

text: manufacturing

text: process

text: improvements

text: and

text: industry

text: re

text: structuring

text: mean

text: that

text: further

text: price

text: reductions

text: are

text: likely

text: in

text: coming

text: years

question: The PV industry has seen drops in module prices since what year?

answer: 2008

question: What is a sign that further price reductions are likely in coming years?

answer: technological advancements

text: technological advancements

question: What cost is often regarded as marking the achievment of grid parity for PV?

answer: $1.00/W installed cost

text: $1.00/W installed cost


text: Although the campaign was criticized in Australia at the time, and in subsequent years, as pointless or a "waste" of the lives of soldiers, it did achieve a number of objectives, such as increasing the isolation of significant Japanese forces occupying the main part of the Dutch East Indies, capturing major oil supplies and freeing Allied prisoners of war, who were being held in deteriorating conditions. At one of the very worst sites, around Sandakan in Borneo, only six of some 2,500 British and Australian prisoners survived.

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: Although

text: the

text: campaign

text: was

text: criticized

text: in

text: Australia

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: in

text: subsequent

text: years

text: as

text: pointless

text: or

text: a

text: waste

text: of

text: the

text: lives

text: of

text: soldiers

text: it

text: did

text: achieve

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: objectives

text: such

text: as

text: increasing

text: the

text: isolation

text: of

text: significant

text: Japanese

text: forces

text: occupying

text: the

text: main

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Dutch

text: East

text: Indies

text: capturing

text: major

text: oil

text: supplies

text: and

text: freeing

text: Allied

text: prisoners

text: of

text: war

text: who

text: were

text: being

text: held

text: in

text: deteriorating

text: conditions

text: At

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: very

text: worst

text: sites

text: around

text: Sandakan

text: in

text: Borneo

text: only

text: six

text: of

text: some

text: British

text: and

text: Australian

text: prisoners

text: survived

question: How many British and Australian prisoners survived out of about 2500 around Sandakan?

answer: six

text: six

question: Sandakan was located in what providence?

answer: Borneo

text: Borneo


text: The 2011 Human Development Report was released on 2 November 2011, and calculated HDI values based on estimates for 2011. Below is the list of the "very high human development" countries (equal to the top quartile):

title: Human_Development_Index

title: Human_Development_Index

text: The

text: Human

text: Development

text: Report

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: November

text: and

text: calculated

text: HDI

text: values

text: based

text: on

text: estimates

text: for

text: Below

text: is

text: the

text: list

text: of

text: the

text: very

text: high

text: human

text: development

text: countries

text: equal

text: to

text: the

text: top

text: quartile

question: Which year was used for estimates in the 2012 report?


text: The state of Tennessee is rooted in the Watauga Association, a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the Appalachians. What is now Tennessee was initially part of North Carolina, and later part of the Southwest Territory. Tennessee was admitted to the Union as the 16th state on June 1, 1796. Tennessee was the last state to leave the Union and join the Confederacy at the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War in 1861. Occupied by Union forces from 1862, it was the first state to be readmitted to the Union at the end of the war.

title: Tennessee

title: Tennessee

text: The

text: state

text: of

text: Tennessee

text: is

text: rooted

text: in

text: the

text: Watauga

text: Association

text: a

text: frontier

text: pact

text: generally

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: constitutional

text: government

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Appalachians

text: What

text: is

text: now

text: Tennessee

text: was

text: initially

text: part

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: and

text: later

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Southwest

text: Territory

text: Tennessee

text: was

text: admitted

text: to

text: the

text: Union

text: as

text: the

text: state

text: on

text: June

text: Tennessee

text: was

text: the

text: last

text: state

text: to

text: leave

text: the

text: Union

text: and

text: join

text: the

text: Confederacy

text: at

text: the

text: outbreak

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Civil

text: War

text: in

text: Occupied

text: by

text: Union

text: forces

text: from

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: state

text: to

text: be

text: readmitted

text: to

text: the

text: Union

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: war

question: What government formed in 1772 is considered the forerunner of Tennessee?

answer: Watauga Association

text: Watauga Association

question: What state held territory that would later become part of Tennessee?

answer: North Carolina

text: North Carolina

question: What date did Tennessee become one of the United States of America?

answer: June 1, 1796

text: June 1, 1796

question: Which was the final state to join the Confederacy before Civil War fighting started?

answer: Tennessee

text: Tennessee

question: Which of the Confederate states rejoined the Union first when the Civil War concluded?

answer: Tennessee

text: Tennessee


text: Eventually resulting in 17 libel writs in total, The Sun ran a series of false stories about the pop musician Elton John from 25 February 1987. They began with an invented account of the singer having sexual relationships with rent boys. The singer-songwriter was abroad on the day indicated in the story, as former Sun journalist John Blake, recently poached by the Daily Mirror, soon discovered. After further stories, in September 1987, The Sun accused John of having his Rottweiler guard dogs voice boxes surgically removed. In November, the Daily Mirror found their rival's only source for the rent boy story and he admitted it was a totally fictitious concoction created for money. The inaccurate story about his dogs, actually Alsatians, put pressure on The Sun, and John received £1 million in an out of court settlement, then the largest damages payment in British history. The Sun ran a front-page apology on 12 December 1988, under the banner headline "SORRY, ELTON". In May 1987 gay men were offered free one-way airline tickets to Norway to leave Britain for good: "Fly Away Gays - And We Will Pay" was the paper's headline. Gay Church of England clergymen were described in one headline in November 1987 as "Pulpit poofs".

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)

title: The_Sun_(United_Kingdom

text: Eventually

text: resulting

text: in

text: libel

text: writs

text: in

text: total

text: The

text: Sun

text: ran

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: false

text: stories

text: about

text: the

text: pop

text: musician

text: Elton

text: John

text: from

text: February

text: They

text: began

text: with

text: an

text: invented

text: account

text: of

text: the

text: singer

text: having

text: sexual

text: relationships

text: with

text: rent

text: boys

text: The

text: singer

text: songwriter

text: was

text: abroad

text: on

text: the

text: day

text: indicated

text: in

text: the

text: story

text: as

text: former

text: Sun

text: journalist

text: John

text: Blake

text: recently

text: poached

text: by

text: the

text: Daily

text: Mirror

text: soon

text: discovered

text: After

text: further

text: stories

text: in

text: September

text: The

text: Sun

text: accused

text: John

text: of

text: having

text: his

text: Rottweiler

text: guard

text: dogs

text: voice

text: boxes

text: surgically

text: removed

text: In

text: November

text: the

text: Daily

text: Mirror

text: found

text: their

text: rival

text: 's

text: only

text: source

text: for

text: the

text: rent

text: boy

text: story

text: and

text: he

text: admitted

text: it

text: was

text: a

text: totally

text: fictitious

text: concoction

text: created

text: for

text: money

text: The

text: inaccurate

text: story

text: about

text: his

text: dogs

text: actually

text: Alsatians

text: put

text: pressure

text: on

text: The

text: Sun

text: and

text: John

text: received

text: million

text: in

text: an

text: out

text: of

text: court

text: settlement

text: then

text: the

text: largest

text: damages

text: payment

text: in

text: British

text: history

text: The

text: Sun

text: ran

text: a

text: front

text: page

text: apology

text: on

text: December

text: under

text: the

text: banner

text: headline

text: SORRY

text: ELTON

text: In

text: May

text: gay

text: men

text: were

text: offered

text: free

text: one

text: way

text: airline

text: tickets

text: to

text: Norway

text: to

text: leave

text: Britain

text: for

text: good

text: Fly

text: Away

text: Gays

text: And

text: We

text: Will

text: Pay

text: was

text: the

text: paper

text: 's

text: headline

text: Gay

text: Church

text: of

text: England

text: clergymen

text: were

text: described

text: in

text: one

text: headline

text: in

text: November

text: as

text: Pulpit

text: poofs

question: How many libel writs did The Sun get for their coverage of Elton John?

answer: 17

question: Who did The Sun allege that Elton John had sex with?

answer: rent boys

text: rent boys

question: What journalist did The Daily Mirror wrest from The Sun?

answer: John Blake

text: John Blake

question: What breed of dog did The Sun mistakenly report that Elton John owned?

answer: Rottweiler

text: Rottweiler

question: Where did The Sun offer to fly gay men in 1987?

answer: Norway

text: Norway


text: Each team consists of a maximum of eleven players (excluding substitutes), one of whom must be the goalkeeper. Competition rules may state a minimum number of players required to constitute a team, which is usually seven. Goalkeepers are the only players allowed to play the ball with their hands or arms, provided they do so within the penalty area in front of their own goal. Though there are a variety of positions in which the outfield (non-goalkeeper) players are strategically placed by a coach, these positions are not defined or required by the Laws.

title: Association_football

title: Association_football

text: Each

text: team

text: consists

text: of

text: a

text: maximum

text: of

text: eleven

text: players

text: excluding

text: substitutes

text: one

text: of

text: whom

text: must

text: be

text: the

text: goalkeeper

text: Competition

text: rules

text: may

text: state

text: a

text: minimum

text: number

text: of

text: players

text: required

text: to

text: constitute

text: a

text: team

text: which

text: is

text: usually

text: seven

text: Goalkeepers

text: are

text: the

text: only

text: players

text: allowed

text: to

text: play

text: the

text: ball

text: with

text: their

text: hands

text: or

text: arms

text: provided

text: they

text: do

text: so

text: within

text: the

text: penalty

text: area

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: goal

text: Though

text: there

text: are

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: positions

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: outfield

text: non

text: goalkeeper

text: players

text: are

text: strategically

text: placed

text: by

text: a

text: coach

text: these

text: positions

text: are

text: not

text: defined

text: or

text: required

text: by

text: the

text: Laws

question: Out of the maximum amount of players allowed, one must be a what?

answer: goalkeeper

text: goalkeeper

question: The maximum amount of players exclude what?

answer: substitutes

text: substitutes

question: What is the maximum amount of players allowed?

answer: eleven

text: eleven

question: If there's a minimum amount of players it's usually what?

answer: seven

text: seven

question: Players are usually strategically placed by who?

answer: coach

text: coach

question: What position is not required for either team?

text: goalkeeper

question: What is not excluded from the maximum amount of players?

text: substitutes

question: What amount of players is not allowed?

text: eleven

question: Who does not usually place players strategically?

text: coach

question: What position is not allowed on either team?

text: outfield


text: Raleigh-Durham International Airport, the region's primary airport and the second-largest in North Carolina, located northwest of downtown Raleigh via Interstate-40 between Raleigh and Durham, serves the city and greater Research Triangle metropolitan region, as well as much of eastern North Carolina. The airport offers service to more than 35 domestic and international destinations and serves approximately 10 million passengers a year. The airport also offers facilities for cargo and general aviation. The airport authority tripled the size of its Terminal 2 (formerly Terminal C) in January 2011.

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

text: Raleigh

text: Durham

text: International

text: Airport

text: the

text: region

text: 's

text: primary

text: airport

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: in

text: North

text: Carolina

text: located

text: northwest

text: of

text: downtown

text: Raleigh

text: via

text: between

text: Raleigh

text: and

text: Durham

text: serves

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: greater

text: Research

text: Triangle

text: metropolitan

text: region

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: much

text: of

text: eastern

text: North

text: Carolina

text: The

text: airport

text: offers

text: service

text: to

text: more

text: than

text: domestic

text: and

text: international

text: destinations

text: and

text: serves

text: approximately

text: million

text: passengers

text: a

text: year

text: The

text: airport

text: also

text: offers

text: facilities

text: for

text: cargo

text: and

text: general

text: aviation

text: The

text: airport

text: authority

text: tripled

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: its

text: Terminal

text: formerly

text: Terminal

text: C

text: in

text: January

question: What is the area's primary airport?

answer: Raleigh-Durham International Airport,

text: Raleigh-Durham International Airport,

question: Where is Raleigh-Durham International Airport?

answer: Interstate-40 between Raleigh and Durham

text: Interstate-40 between Raleigh and Durham

question: How many destinations does the airport offer internationally?

answer: 35

question: What are there 10 million of each year at the airport?

answer: passengers

text: passengers

question: What was Terminal 2 formerly called at the airport?

answer: Terminal C

text: Terminal C

question: What is the area's least used airport?

text: Raleigh-Durham

question: What was terminal C formerly known as?

text: Terminal 2

question: What happened at the airport in January 2001?

question: What are there 20 million of each year at the airport?

text: passengers


text: St Helena's biodiversity, however, also includes marine vertebrates, invertebrates (freshwater, terrestrial and marine), fungi (including lichen-forming species), non-vascular plants, seaweeds and other biological groups. To date, very little is known about these, although more than 200 lichen-forming fungi have been recorded, including 9 endemics, suggesting that many significant discoveries remain to be made.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: St

text: Helena

text: 's

text: biodiversity

text: however

text: also

text: includes

text: marine

text: vertebrates

text: invertebrates

text: freshwater

text: terrestrial

text: and

text: marine

text: fungi

text: including

text: lichen

text: forming

text: species

text: non

text: vascular

text: plants

text: seaweeds

text: and

text: other

text: biological

text: groups

text: To

text: date

text: very

text: little

text: is

text: known

text: about

text: these

text: although

text: more

text: than

text: lichen

text: forming

text: fungi

text: have

text: been

text: recorded

text: including

text: endemics

text: suggesting

text: that

text: many

text: significant

text: discoveries

text: remain

text: to

text: be

text: made

question: How many lichen forming fungi have been recorded on the island?

answer: more than 200

text: more than 200

question: How many endemic species of fungi have been found?

answer: 9

question: What kind of invertebrates have been found on the island?

answer: freshwater, terrestrial and marine

text: freshwater, terrestrial and marine


text: In July 2013, three former supporters of Mayor Bob Filner asked him to resign because of allegations of repeated sexual harassment. Over the ensuing six weeks, 18 women came forward to publicly claim that Filner had sexually harassed them, and multiple individuals and groups called for him to resign. On August 19 Filner and city representatives entered a mediation process, as a result of which Filner agreed to resign, effective August 30, 2013, while the city agreed to limit his legal and financial exposure. Filner subsequently pleaded guilty to one felony count of false imprisonment and two misdemeanor battery charges, and was sentenced to house arrest and probation.

title: San_Diego

title: San_Diego

text: In

text: July

text: three

text: former

text: supporters

text: of

text: Mayor

text: Bob

text: Filner

text: asked

text: him

text: to

text: resign

text: because

text: of

text: allegations

text: of

text: repeated

text: sexual

text: harassment

text: Over

text: the

text: ensuing

text: six

text: weeks

text: women

text: came

text: forward

text: to

text: publicly

text: claim

text: that

text: Filner

text: had

text: sexually

text: harassed

text: them

text: and

text: multiple

text: individuals

text: and

text: groups

text: called

text: for

text: him

text: to

text: resign

text: On

text: August

text: Filner

text: and

text: city

text: representatives

text: entered

text: a

text: mediation

text: process

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: which

text: Filner

text: agreed

text: to

text: resign

text: effective

text: August

text: while

text: the

text: city

text: agreed

text: to

text: limit

text: his

text: legal

text: and

text: financial

text: exposure

text: Filner

text: subsequently

text: pleaded

text: guilty

text: to

text: one

text: felony

text: count

text: of

text: false

text: imprisonment

text: and

text: two

text: misdemeanor

text: battery

text: charges

text: and

text: was

text: sentenced

text: to

text: house

text: arrest

text: and

text: probation

question: Why was Mayor Bob Filner asked to resign?

answer: allegations of repeated sexual harassment

text: allegations of repeated sexual harassment

question: How many women claimed to be sexually harassed by Filner?

answer: 18

question: What was Filner's sentence?

answer: house arrest and probation

text: house arrest and probation

question: When did a mediation process begin between Filner and a city representative?

answer: August 19

text: August 19

question: How long did Filner's trial last?

answer: six weeks

text: six weeks

question: Why was Mayor Bob Filner asked to re-sign for longer?

question: How many men claimed to be sexually harassed by Filner?

question: What wasn't Filner's sentence?

text: house arrest and probation

question: When did a mediation process begin between Filner and a county representative?

text: August 19

question: How long did Filner's term last?

text: six weeks


text: The core technology used in a videoconferencing system is digital compression of audio and video streams in real time. The hardware or software that performs compression is called a codec (coder/decoder). Compression rates of up to 1:500 can be achieved. The resulting digital stream of 1s and 0s is subdivided into labeled packets, which are then transmitted through a digital network of some kind (usually ISDN or IP). The use of audio modems in the transmission line allow for the use of POTS, or the Plain Old Telephone System, in some low-speed applications, such as videotelephony, because they convert the digital pulses to/from analog waves in the audio spectrum range.

title: Videoconferencing

title: Videoconferencing

text: The

text: core

text: technology

text: used

text: in

text: a

text: videoconferencing

text: system

text: is

text: digital

text: compression

text: of

text: audio

text: and

text: video

text: streams

text: in

text: real

text: time

text: The

text: hardware

text: or

text: software

text: that

text: performs

text: compression

text: is

text: called

text: a

text: codec

text: coder

text: decoder

text: Compression

text: rates

text: of

text: up

text: to

text: can

text: be

text: achieved

text: The

text: resulting

text: digital

text: stream

text: of

text: and

text: is

text: subdivided

text: into

text: labeled

text: packets

text: which

text: are

text: then

text: transmitted

text: through

text: a

text: digital

text: network

text: of

text: some

text: kind

text: usually

text: ISDN

text: or

text: IP

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: audio

text: modems

text: in

text: the

text: transmission

text: line

text: allow

text: for

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: POTS

text: or

text: the

text: Plain

text: Old

text: Telephone

text: System

text: in

text: some

text: low

text: speed

text: applications

text: such

text: as

text: videotelephony

text: because

text: they

text: convert

text: the

text: digital

text: pulses

text: to

text: from

text: analog

text: waves

text: in

text: the

text: audio

text: spectrum

text: range

question: What is the software that performs audio and/or video compression?

answer: a codec (coder/decoder)

text: a codec (coder/decoder)

question: How high can compression rates go?

answer: 1:500

question: What is one digital network through which a digital stream can be transmitted?

answer: IP

text: IP

question: What does POTS stand for?

answer: Plain Old Telephone System

text: Plain Old Telephone System

question: What do POTS do?

answer: convert the digital pulses to/from analog waves

text: convert the digital pulses to/from analog waves

question: What is the core digital network used in a videoconferencing system?

question: What is the low speed application that performs compression?

text: a codec (coder/decoder)

question: How high can audio modems go?

text: up to 1:500

question: What is transmitted through low speed applications of some kind?

question: What does an ISDN convert in the audio spectrum range?

text: the digital pulses to/from analog waves


text: In 1977, Hayek was critical of the Lib-Lab pact, in which the British Liberal Party agreed to keep the British Labour government in office. Writing to The Times, Hayek said, "May one who has devoted a large part of his life to the study of the history and the principles of liberalism point out that a party that keeps a socialist government in power has lost all title to the name 'Liberal'. Certainly no liberal can in future vote 'Liberal'". Hayek was criticised by Liberal politicians Gladwyn Jebb and Andrew Phillips, who both claimed that the purpose of the pact was to discourage socialist legislation.

title: Friedrich_Hayek

title: Friedrich_Hayek

text: In

text: Hayek

text: was

text: critical

text: of

text: the

text: Lib

text: Lab

text: pact

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: British

text: Liberal

text: Party

text: agreed

text: to

text: keep

text: the

text: British

text: Labour

text: government

text: in

text: office

text: Writing

text: to

text: The

text: Times

text: Hayek

text: said

text: May

text: one

text: who

text: has

text: devoted

text: a

text: large

text: part

text: of

text: his

text: life

text: to

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: history

text: and

text: the

text: principles

text: of

text: liberalism

text: point

text: out

text: that

text: a

text: party

text: that

text: keeps

text: a

text: socialist

text: government

text: in

text: power

text: has

text: lost

text: all

text: title

text: to

text: the

text: name

text: Liberal

text: Certainly

text: no

text: liberal

text: can

text: in

text: future

text: vote

text: Liberal

text: Hayek

text: was

text: criticised

text: by

text: Liberal

text: politicians

text: Gladwyn

text: Jebb

text: and

text: Andrew

text: Phillips

text: who

text: both

text: claimed

text: that

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: the

text: pact

text: was

text: to

text: discourage

text: socialist

text: legislation

question: What was the name of the agreement Hayek criticized in 1977?

answer: Lib-Lab pact

text: Lib-Lab pact

question: What did some Liberal politicians claim the pact was meant to do?

answer: discourage socialist legislation

text: discourage socialist legislation

question: The agreement Hayek criticized was between the British Labour government and which political party?

answer: British Liberal Party

text: British Liberal Party

question: What did Hayek believe was lost in the continued empowerment of a socialist government?

answer: all title to the name 'Liberal'

text: all title to the name 'Liberal'


text: Nuclear surety ensures the safety, security and effectiveness of nuclear operations. Because of their political and military importance, destructive power, and the potential consequences of an accident or unauthorized act, nuclear weapons and nuclear weapon systems require special consideration and protection against risks and threats inherent in their peacetime and wartime environments. The Air Force, in conjunction with other entities within the Departments of Defense or Energy, achieves a high standard of protection through a stringent nuclear surety program. This program applies to materiel, personnel, and procedures that contribute to the safety, security, and control of nuclear weapons, thus assuring no nuclear accidents, incidents, loss, or unauthorized or accidental use (a Broken Arrow incident). The Air Force continues to pursue safe, secure and effective nuclear weapons consistent with operational requirements. Adversaries, allies, and the American people must be highly confident of the Air Force's ability to secure nuclear weapons from accidents, theft, loss, and accidental or unauthorized use. This day-to-day commitment to precise and reliable nuclear operations is the cornerstone of the credibility of the NDO mission. Positive nuclear command, control, communications; effective nuclear weapons security; and robust combat support are essential to the overall NDO function.

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: Nuclear

text: surety

text: ensures

text: the

text: safety

text: security

text: and

text: effectiveness

text: of

text: nuclear

text: operations

text: Because

text: of

text: their

text: political

text: and

text: military

text: importance

text: destructive

text: power

text: and

text: the

text: potential

text: consequences

text: of

text: an

text: accident

text: or

text: unauthorized

text: act

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: and

text: nuclear

text: weapon

text: systems

text: require

text: special

text: consideration

text: and

text: protection

text: against

text: risks

text: and

text: threats

text: inherent

text: in

text: their

text: peacetime

text: and

text: wartime

text: environments

text: The

text: Air

text: Force

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: other

text: entities

text: within

text: the

text: Departments

text: of

text: Defense

text: or

text: Energy

text: achieves

text: a

text: high

text: standard

text: of

text: protection

text: through

text: a

text: stringent

text: nuclear

text: surety

text: program

text: This

text: program

text: applies

text: to

text: materiel

text: personnel

text: and

text: procedures

text: that

text: contribute

text: to

text: the

text: safety

text: security

text: and

text: control

text: of

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: thus

text: assuring

text: no

text: nuclear

text: accidents

text: incidents

text: loss

text: or

text: unauthorized

text: or

text: accidental

text: use

text: a

text: Broken

text: Arrow

text: incident

text: The

text: Air

text: Force

text: continues

text: to

text: pursue

text: safe

text: secure

text: and

text: effective

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: consistent

text: with

text: operational

text: requirements

text: Adversaries

text: allies

text: and

text: the

text: American

text: people

text: must

text: be

text: highly

text: confident

text: of

text: the

text: Air

text: Force

text: 's

text: ability

text: to

text: secure

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: from

text: accidents

text: theft

text: loss

text: and

text: accidental

text: or

text: unauthorized

text: use

text: This

text: day

text: to

text: day

text: commitment

text: to

text: precise

text: and

text: reliable

text: nuclear

text: operations

text: is

text: the

text: cornerstone

text: of

text: the

text: credibility

text: of

text: the

text: NDO

text: mission

text: Positive

text: nuclear

text: command

text: control

text: communications

text: effective

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: security

text: and

text: robust

text: combat

text: support

text: are

text: essential

text: to

text: the

text: overall

text: NDO

text: function

question: What ensures the safety of nuclear operations?

answer: Nuclear surety

text: Nuclear surety

question: What is a Broken Arrow incident in nuclear security?

answer: unauthorized or accidental use

text: unauthorized or accidental use

question: What is the mission of the NDO in regards to nuclear security?

answer: precise and reliable nuclear operations

text: precise and reliable nuclear operations

question: What is one of the five functions of NDO support?

answer: effective nuclear weapons security

text: effective nuclear weapons security

question: What other US departments does the Air Force coordinate with for nuclear security?

answer: Departments of Defense or Energy

text: Departments of Defense or Energy


text: Regulation of hunting within the United States dates from the 19th century. Some modern hunters see themselves as conservationists and sportsmen in the mode of Theodore Roosevelt and the Boone and Crockett Club. Local hunting clubs and national organizations provide hunter education and help protect the future of the sport by buying land for future hunting use. Some groups represent a specific hunting interest, such as Ducks Unlimited, Pheasants Forever, or the Delta Waterfowl Foundation. Many hunting groups also participate in lobbying the federal government and state government.

title: Hunting

title: Hunting

text: Regulation

text: of

text: hunting

text: within

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: dates

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: Some

text: modern

text: hunters

text: see

text: themselves

text: as

text: conservationists

text: and

text: sportsmen

text: in

text: the

text: mode

text: of

text: Theodore

text: Roosevelt

text: and

text: the

text: Boone

text: and

text: Crockett

text: Club

text: Local

text: hunting

text: clubs

text: and

text: national

text: organizations

text: provide

text: hunter

text: education

text: and

text: help

text: protect

text: the

text: future

text: of

text: the

text: sport

text: by

text: buying

text: land

text: for

text: future

text: hunting

text: use

text: Some

text: groups

text: represent

text: a

text: specific

text: hunting

text: interest

text: such

text: as

text: Ducks

text: Unlimited

text: Pheasants

text: Forever

text: or

text: the

text: Delta

text: Waterfowl

text: Foundation

text: Many

text: hunting

text: groups

text: also

text: participate

text: in

text: lobbying

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: and

text: state

text: government

question: When do hunting regulations date from in the US?

answer: 19th century

text: 19th century

question: What do some modern hunters see themselves as?

answer: conservationists and sportsmen

text: conservationists and sportsmen

question: What organizations provide hunter education and help protect the future of the sport?

answer: Local hunting clubs and national organizations

text: Local hunting clubs and national organizations

question: Ducks Unlimited and the Delta Waterfowl are examples of groups representing what?

answer: a specific hunting interest

text: a specific hunting interest

question: What do many hunting groups participate in doing at the federal and state level?

answer: lobbying

text: lobbying

question: What do modern hunters see themselves as?

answer: conservationists and sportsmen

text: conservationists and sportsmen

question: Who provides hunter education?

answer: Local hunting clubs

text: Local hunting clubs

question: What do hunting groups also participate in?

answer: lobbying the federal government and state government

text: lobbying the federal government and state government

question: What century is U.S. regulations dates from?

answer: 19th

question: In what century was the Crockett Club founded?

text: 19th century

question: What group did Theodore Roosevelt belong to in the 19th century?

text: Crockett Club

question: What did Boone participate in at the federal and state level?

text: lobbying

question: What do lobbyists see themselves as?

text: conservationists and sportsmen

question: When was pheasant first hunted in the US?

text: 19th century


text: Over New York City in 1953, Eastern Airlines Flight 8610, a commercial flight, had a near miss with Air Force Flight 8610, a Lockheed C-121 Constellation known as Columbine II, while the latter was carrying President Eisenhower. This prompted the adoption of the unique call sign Air Force One, to be used whenever the president is on board any US Air Force aircraft. Columbine II is the only presidential aircraft to have ever been sold to the public and is the only remaining presidential aircraft left unrestored and not on public display.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: Over

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Airlines

text: Flight

text: a

text: commercial

text: flight

text: had

text: a

text: near

text: miss

text: with

text: Air

text: Force

text: Flight

text: a

text: Lockheed

text: Constellation

text: known

text: as

text: Columbine

text: II

text: while

text: the

text: latter

text: was

text: carrying

text: President

text: Eisenhower

text: This

text: prompted

text: the

text: adoption

text: of

text: the

text: unique

text: call

text: sign

text: Air

text: Force

text: One

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: whenever

text: the

text: president

text: is

text: on

text: board

text: any

text: US

text: Air

text: Force

text: aircraft

text: Columbine

text: II

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: presidential

text: aircraft

text: to

text: have

text: ever

text: been

text: sold

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: only

text: remaining

text: presidential

text: aircraft

text: left

text: unrestored

text: and

text: not

text: on

text: public

text: display

question: What make and model aircraft was Air Force Flight 8610?

answer: Lockheed C-121 Constellation

text: Lockheed C-121 Constellation

question: What aircraft had an incident with Air Force Flight 8610?

answer: Eastern Airlines Flight 8610

text: Eastern Airlines Flight 8610

question: What call sign does an Air Force aircraft have when a president is traveling on it?

answer: Air Force One

text: Air Force One

question: What was the name of the Lockheed C-121 Constellation that carried Eisenhower?

answer: Columbine II

text: Columbine II

question: In what year was Eisenhower involved in an incident while flying?

answer: 1953


text: The expansive area northwest of the city limits is diverse, ranging from the rural communities of Catalina and parts of the town of Marana, the small suburb of Picture Rocks, the affluent town of Oro Valley in the western foothills of the Santa Catalina Mountains, and residential areas in the northeastern foothills of the Tucson Mountains. Continental Ranch (Marana), Dove Mountain (Marana), and Rancho Vistoso (Oro Valley) are all masterplanned communities located in the Northwest, where thousands of residents live.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: The

text: expansive

text: area

text: northwest

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: limits

text: is

text: diverse

text: ranging

text: from

text: the

text: rural

text: communities

text: of

text: Catalina

text: and

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Marana

text: the

text: small

text: suburb

text: of

text: Picture

text: Rocks

text: the

text: affluent

text: town

text: of

text: Oro

text: Valley

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: foothills

text: of

text: the

text: Santa

text: Catalina

text: Mountains

text: and

text: residential

text: areas

text: in

text: the

text: northeastern

text: foothills

text: of

text: the

text: Tucson

text: Mountains

text: Continental

text: Ranch

text: Marana

text: Dove

text: Mountain

text: Marana

text: and

text: Rancho

text: Vistoso

text: Oro

text: Valley

text: are

text: all

text: masterplanned

text: communities

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: Northwest

text: where

text: thousands

text: of

text: residents

text: live

question: How many residents live in the master-planned communities?

answer: thousands

text: thousands

question: What mountains is Oro Valley next to?

answer: Santa Catalina Mountains

text: Santa Catalina Mountains

question: Which town is Rancho Vistoso located?

answer: Oro Valley

text: Oro Valley

question: Which town would you find Dove Mountain and Continental Ranch?

answer: Marana

text: Marana

question: Where is Oro Valley?

answer: in the western foothills of the Santa Catalina Mountains

text: in the western foothills of the Santa Catalina Mountains

question: Where is the Continental Ranch planned community?

answer: Marana

text: Marana

question: Where is the Dove Mountain planned community?

answer: Marana

text: Marana

question: Where is the Rancho Vistoso planned community?

answer: Oro Valley

text: Oro Valley

question: Which direction from Tucson is Picture Rocks?

answer: northwest

text: northwest


text: Videophone calls (also: videocalls, video chat as well as Skype and Skyping in verb form), differ from videoconferencing in that they expect to serve individuals, not groups. However that distinction has become increasingly blurred with technology improvements such as increased bandwidth and sophisticated software clients that can allow for multiple parties on a call. In general everyday usage the term videoconferencing is now frequently used instead of videocall for point-to-point calls between two units. Both videophone calls and videoconferencing are also now commonly referred to as a video link.

title: Videoconferencing

title: Videoconferencing

text: Videophone

text: calls

text: also

text: videocalls

text: video

text: chat

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Skype

text: and

text: Skyping

text: in

text: verb

text: form

text: differ

text: from

text: videoconferencing

text: in

text: that

text: they

text: expect

text: to

text: serve

text: individuals

text: not

text: groups

text: However

text: that

text: distinction

text: has

text: become

text: increasingly

text: blurred

text: with

text: technology

text: improvements

text: such

text: as

text: increased

text: bandwidth

text: and

text: sophisticated

text: software

text: clients

text: that

text: can

text: allow

text: for

text: multiple

text: parties

text: on

text: a

text: call

text: In

text: general

text: everyday

text: usage

text: the

text: term

text: videoconferencing

text: is

text: now

text: frequently

text: used

text: instead

text: of

text: videocall

text: for

text: point

text: to

text: point

text: calls

text: between

text: two

text: units

text: Both

text: videophone

text: calls

text: and

text: videoconferencing

text: are

text: also

text: now

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: a

text: video

text: link

question: Videophone calls are different from videoconferencing in what way?

answer: serve individuals, not groups

text: serve individuals, not groups

question: What is an example of a videophone call program?

answer: Skype

text: Skype

question: What term is more used today to refer to calls between two units?

answer: videoconferencing

text: videoconferencing

question: What are videoconferencing calls now more commonly known as?

answer: a video link

text: a video link

question: What is another name for videophone calls?

answer: video chat

text: video chat

question: What technology serves sophisticated software clients and not groups?

text: Videophone calls

question: How does increased bandwidth differ from point-to-point calls?

text: serve individuals, not groups

question: What is an example of a teleconferencing program?

text: Skype

question: What are software clients and multiple parties commonly called?

text: a video link

question: What type of call is another name for point-to-point chat?

text: Videophone calls


text: Beyoncé has won 20 Grammy Awards, both as a solo artist and member of Destiny's Child, making her the second most honored female artist by the Grammys, behind Alison Krauss and the most nominated woman in Grammy Award history with 52 nominations. "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" won Song of the Year in 2010 while "Say My Name" and "Crazy in Love" had previously won Best R&B Song. Dangerously in Love, B'Day and I Am... Sasha Fierce have all won Best Contemporary R&B Album. Beyoncé set the record for the most Grammy awards won by a female artist in one night in 2010 when she won six awards, breaking the tie she previously held with Alicia Keys, Norah Jones, Alison Krauss, and Amy Winehouse, with Adele equaling this in 2012. Following her role in Dreamgirls she was nominated for Best Original Song for "Listen" and Best Actress at the Golden Globe Awards, and Outstanding Actress in a Motion Picture at the NAACP Image Awards. Beyoncé won two awards at the Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards 2006; Best Song for "Listen" and Best Original Soundtrack for Dreamgirls: Music from the Motion Picture.

title: Beyoncé

title: Beyoncé

text: Beyoncé

text: has

text: won

text: Grammy

text: Awards

text: both

text: as

text: a

text: solo

text: artist

text: and

text: member

text: of

text: Destiny

text: 's

text: Child

text: making

text: her

text: the

text: second

text: most

text: honored

text: female

text: artist

text: by

text: the

text: Grammys

text: behind

text: Alison

text: Krauss

text: and

text: the

text: most

text: nominated

text: woman

text: in

text: Grammy

text: Award

text: history

text: with

text: nominations

text: Single

text: Ladies

text: Put

text: a

text: Ring

text: on

text: It

text: won

text: Song

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: in

text: while

text: Say

text: My

text: Name

text: and

text: Crazy

text: in

text: Love

text: had

text: previously

text: won

text: Best

text: R&B

text: Song

text: Dangerously

text: in

text: Love

text: B'Day

text: and

text: I

text: Am

text: Sasha

text: Fierce

text: have

text: all

text: won

text: Best

text: Contemporary

text: R&B

text: Album

text: Beyoncé

text: set

text: the

text: record

text: for

text: the

text: most

text: Grammy

text: awards

text: won

text: by

text: a

text: female

text: artist

text: in

text: one

text: night

text: in

text: when

text: she

text: won

text: six

text: awards

text: breaking

text: the

text: tie

text: she

text: previously

text: held

text: with

text: Alicia

text: Keys

text: Norah

text: Jones

text: Alison

text: Krauss

text: and

text: Amy

text: Winehouse

text: with

text: Adele

text: equaling

text: this

text: in

text: Following

text: her

text: role

text: in

text: Dreamgirls

text: she

text: was

text: nominated

text: for

text: Best

text: Original

text: Song

text: for

text: Listen

text: and

text: Best

text: Actress

text: at

text: the

text: Golden

text: Globe

text: Awards

text: and

text: Outstanding

text: Actress

text: in

text: a

text: Motion

text: Picture

text: at

text: the

text: NAACP

text: Image

text: Awards

text: Beyoncé

text: won

text: two

text: awards

text: at

text: the

text: Broadcast

text: Film

text: Critics

text: Association

text: Awards

text: Best

text: Song

text: for

text: Listen

text: and

text: Best

text: Original

text: Soundtrack

text: for

text: Dreamgirls

text: Music

text: from

text: the

text: Motion

text: Picture

question: How many Grammys has Beyonce won total with and without Destiny's Child?

answer: 20

question: Who is the only other woman with more Grammy awards than Beyonce?

answer: Alison Krauss

text: Alison Krauss

question: Beyonce has been awarded how many Grammy nominations?

answer: 52

question: Beyonce holds the record for how many wins in one night by a female?

answer: six

text: six

question: How many awards at the Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards in 2006 did Beyonce bring home?

answer: two

text: two

question: How many Grammies has Beyonce won?

answer: 20 Grammy Awards

text: 20 Grammy Awards

question: How many Grammy nominations does Beyonce have?

answer: 52 nominations

text: 52 nominations

question: When did she set the record for most Grammy awards won in one night?

answer: 2010

question: Who tied her record for most Grammies won in one night in 2012?

answer: Adele

text: Adele

question: How many Grammys has Beyoncé won?

answer: 20

question: How many Grammy nominations has Beyoncé had?

answer: 52

question: What Beyoncé song was song of the year on 2010?

answer: "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)"

text: "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)"

question: What movie had Beyoncé nominated as Best Actress for Golden Globe Awards?

answer: Dreamgirls

text: Dreamgirls


text: On 1 February 1908, the king Dom Carlos I of Portugal and his heir apparent, Prince Royal Dom Luís Filipe, Duke of Braganza, were murdered in Lisbon. Under his rule, Portugal had twice been declared bankrupt – on 14 June 1892, and again on 10 May 1902 – causing social turmoil, economic disturbances, protests, revolts and criticism of the monarchy. Manuel II of Portugal became the new king, but was eventually overthrown by the 5 October 1910 revolution, which abolished the regime and instated republicanism in Portugal. Political instability and economic weaknesses were fertile ground for chaos and unrest during the Portuguese First Republic. These conditions would lead to the failed Monarchy of the North, 28 May 1926 coup d'état, and the creation of the National Dictatorship (Ditadura Nacional).

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: On

text: February

text: the

text: king

text: Dom

text: Carlos

text: I

text: of

text: Portugal

text: and

text: his

text: heir

text: apparent

text: Prince

text: Royal

text: Dom

text: Luís

text: Filipe

text: Duke

text: of

text: Braganza

text: were

text: murdered

text: in

text: Lisbon

text: Under

text: his

text: rule

text: Portugal

text: had

text: twice

text: been

text: declared

text: bankrupt

text: on

text: June

text: and

text: again

text: on

text: May

text: causing

text: social

text: turmoil

text: economic

text: disturbances

text: protests

text: revolts

text: and

text: criticism

text: of

text: the

text: monarchy

text: Manuel

text: II

text: of

text: Portugal

text: became

text: the

text: new

text: king

text: but

text: was

text: eventually

text: overthrown

text: by

text: the

text: October

text: revolution

text: which

text: abolished

text: the

text: regime

text: and

text: instated

text: republicanism

text: in

text: Portugal

text: Political

text: instability

text: and

text: economic

text: weaknesses

text: were

text: fertile

text: ground

text: for

text: chaos

text: and

text: unrest

text: during

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: First

text: Republic

text: These

text: conditions

text: would

text: lead

text: to

text: the

text: failed

text: Monarchy

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: May

text: coup

text: d'état

text: and

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Dictatorship

text: Ditadura

text: Nacional

question: On what day were King Dom Carlos I and and his heir, Prince Royal Dom Luis Filipe, Duke of Braganza, murdered?

answer: 1 February 1908

text: 1 February 1908

question: Under the rule of King Dom Carlos I, on what two days was Portugal declared bankrupt?

answer: on 14 June 1892, and again on 10 May 1902

text: on 14 June 1892, and again on 10 May 1902

question: Who succeeded King Dom Carlos I as king?

answer: Manuel II of Portugal

text: Manuel II of Portugal

question: On what day was King Manuel II overthrown?

answer: 5 October 1910

text: 5 October 1910

question: During the Portuguese First Republic, what creating a fertile ground for chaos and unrest?

answer: Political instability and economic weaknesses

text: Political instability and economic weaknesses


text: In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $45,733, and the median income for a family was $53,060. Males had a median income of $36,984 versus $31,076 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,609. According to Forbes in 2005, San Diego was the fifth wealthiest U.S. city but about 10.6% of families and 14.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.0% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over. Nonetheless, San Diego was rated the fifth-best place to live in the United States in 2006 by Money magazine.

title: San_Diego

title: San_Diego

text: In

text: the

text: median

text: income

text: for

text: a

text: household

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: and

text: the

text: median

text: income

text: for

text: a

text: family

text: was

text: Males

text: had

text: a

text: median

text: income

text: of

text: versus

text: for

text: females

text: The

text: per

text: capita

text: income

text: for

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: According

text: to

text: Forbes

text: in

text: San

text: Diego

text: was

text: the

text: fifth

text: wealthiest

text: U.S.

text: city

text: but

text: about

text: of

text: families

text: and

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: were

text: below

text: the

text: poverty

text: line

text: including

text: of

text: those

text: under

text: age

text: and

text: of

text: those

text: age

text: or

text: over

text: Nonetheless

text: San

text: Diego

text: was

text: rated

text: the

text: fifth

text: best

text: place

text: to

text: live

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: by

text: Money

text: magazine

question: What percentage of the population fell below the poverty line in San Diego in 2005?

answer: 14.6%

question: What did Money magazine rate San Diego as being in 2006?

answer: fifth-best place to live in the United States

text: fifth-best place to live in the United States

question: What magazine rated San Diego as being the country's fifth wealthiest city?

answer: Forbes

text: Forbes

question: In 2000,  what was the median salary for females in San Diego?

answer: $31,076

question: What percentage of familes were below the poverty line in 2005?

answer: 10.6%

question: What percentage of the population fell below the poverty line in San Diego in 2006?

question: What did Money magazine rate San Diego as being in 2005?

question: What magazine rated San Diego as being the country's fourth wealthiest city?

text: Forbes

question: In 2010, what was the median salary for females in San Diego?

question: What percentage of familes were below the poverty line in 2015?


text: Red is used in modern fashion much as it was used in Medieval painting; to attract the eyes of the viewer to the person who is supposed to be the center of attention. People wearing red seem to be closer than those dressed in other colors, even if they are actually the same distance away. Monarchs, wives of Presidential candidates and other celebrities often wear red to be visible from a distance in a crowd. It is also commonly worn by lifeguards and others whose job requires them to be easily found.

title: Red

title: Red

text: Red

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: modern

text: fashion

text: much

text: as

text: it

text: was

text: used

text: in

text: Medieval

text: painting

text: to

text: attract

text: the

text: eyes

text: of

text: the

text: viewer

text: to

text: the

text: person

text: who

text: is

text: supposed

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: attention

text: People

text: wearing

text: red

text: seem

text: to

text: be

text: closer

text: than

text: those

text: dressed

text: in

text: other

text: colors

text: even

text: if

text: they

text: are

text: actually

text: the

text: same

text: distance

text: away

text: Monarchs

text: wives

text: of

text: Presidential

text: candidates

text: and

text: other

text: celebrities

text: often

text: wear

text: red

text: to

text: be

text: visible

text: from

text: a

text: distance

text: in

text: a

text: crowd

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: commonly

text: worn

text: by

text: lifeguards

text: and

text: others

text: whose

text: job

text: requires

text: them

text: to

text: be

text: easily

text: found

question: In what way is red used in contemporary fashion?

answer: to attract the eyes of the viewer to the person

text: to attract the eyes of the viewer to the person

question: What is the main impact of people wearing red as it relates to the perception of distance?

answer: People wearing red seem to be closer

text: People wearing red seem to be closer

question: Why do monarchs sometimes wear red?

answer: to be visible from a distance in a crowd

text: to be visible from a distance in a crowd

question: Some professions require employees to wear red because it allows them to be what?

answer: easily found

text: easily found

question: What older period was red used in fashion?

text: Medieval

question: What color causes people to be seen as further away even though distance is the same?

text: Red

question: What color is used in modern fashion so the person can be easily found?

text: Red

question: What prominent people do not wear red because they can be easily found in a crowd?


text: Xalwo (halva) is a popular confection eaten during festive occasions, such as Eid celebrations or wedding receptions. It is made from sugar, corn starch, cardamom powder, nutmeg powder and ghee. Peanuts are also sometimes added to enhance texture and flavor. After meals, homes are traditionally perfumed using frankincense (lubaan) or incense (cuunsi), which is prepared inside an incense burner referred to as a dabqaad.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: Xalwo

text: halva

text: is

text: a

text: popular

text: confection

text: eaten

text: during

text: festive

text: occasions

text: such

text: as

text: Eid

text: celebrations

text: or

text: wedding

text: receptions

text: It

text: is

text: made

text: from

text: sugar

text: corn

text: starch

text: cardamom

text: powder

text: nutmeg

text: powder

text: and

text: ghee

text: Peanuts

text: are

text: also

text: sometimes

text: added

text: to

text: enhance

text: texture

text: and

text: flavor

text: After

text: meals

text: homes

text: are

text: traditionally

text: perfumed

text: using

text: frankincense

text: lubaan

text: or

text: incense

text: cuunsi

text: which

text: is

text: prepared

text: inside

text: an

text: incense

text: burner

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: a

text: dabqaad

question: What is another term for xalwo?

answer: halva

text: halva

question: Along with wedding receptions, when is xalwo often consumed?

answer: Eid celebrations

text: Eid celebrations

question: What do the Somalis call frankincense?

answer: lubaan

text: lubaan

question: What is the English word for cunnsi?

answer: incense

text: incense

question: What do the Somalis call incense burners?

answer: dabqaad

text: dabqaad


text: Napoleon established a political system that historian Martyn Lyons called "dictatorship by plebiscite." Worried by the democratic forces unleashed by the Revolution, but unwilling to ignore them entirely, Napoleon resorted to regular electoral consultations with the French people on his road to imperial power. He drafted the Constitution of the Year VIII and secured his own election as First Consul, taking up residence at the Tuileries. The constitution was approved in a rigged plebiscite held the following January, with 99.94 percent officially listed as voting "yes." Napoleon's brother, Lucien, had falsified the returns to show that 3 million people had participated in the plebiscite; the real number was 1.5 million. Political observers at the time assumed the eligible French voting public numbered about 5 million people, so the regime artificially doubled the participation rate to indicate popular enthusiasm for the Consulate. In the first few months of the Consulate, with war in Europe still raging and internal instability still plaguing the country, Napoleon's grip on power remained very tenuous.

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: Napoleon

text: established

text: a

text: political

text: system

text: that

text: historian

text: Martyn

text: Lyons

text: called

text: dictatorship

text: by

text: plebiscite

text: Worried

text: by

text: the

text: democratic

text: forces

text: unleashed

text: by

text: the

text: Revolution

text: but

text: unwilling

text: to

text: ignore

text: them

text: entirely

text: Napoleon

text: resorted

text: to

text: regular

text: electoral

text: consultations

text: with

text: the

text: French

text: people

text: on

text: his

text: road

text: to

text: imperial

text: power

text: He

text: drafted

text: the

text: Constitution

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: VIII

text: and

text: secured

text: his

text: own

text: election

text: as

text: First

text: Consul

text: taking

text: up

text: residence

text: at

text: the

text: Tuileries

text: The

text: constitution

text: was

text: approved

text: in

text: a

text: rigged

text: plebiscite

text: held

text: the

text: following

text: January

text: with

text: percent

text: officially

text: listed

text: as

text: voting

text: yes

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: brother

text: Lucien

text: had

text: falsified

text: the

text: returns

text: to

text: show

text: that

text: million

text: people

text: had

text: participated

text: in

text: the

text: plebiscite

text: the

text: real

text: number

text: was

text: million

text: Political

text: observers

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: assumed

text: the

text: eligible

text: French

text: voting

text: public

text: numbered

text: about

text: million

text: people

text: so

text: the

text: regime

text: artificially

text: doubled

text: the

text: participation

text: rate

text: to

text: indicate

text: popular

text: enthusiasm

text: for

text: the

text: Consulate

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: few

text: months

text: of

text: the

text: Consulate

text: with

text: war

text: in

text: Europe

text: still

text: raging

text: and

text: internal

text: instability

text: still

text: plaguing

text: the

text: country

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: grip

text: on

text: power

text: remained

text: very

text: tenuous

question: What was historian Martin Lyons' term for the political system created by Napoleon?

answer: "dictatorship by plebiscite."

text: "dictatorship by plebiscite."

question: What was the name of the constitution drafted by Napoleon?

answer: the Constitution of the Year VIII

text: the Constitution of the Year VIII

question: After his election to First Consul, where did Napoleon take up residence?

answer: the Tuileries.

text: the Tuileries.

question: What percentage of the vote was recorded as approving Napoleon's constitution?

answer: 99.94

question: What was the real number of people that took part in the plebiscite that passed Napoleon's constitution?

answer: 1.5 million

text: 1.5 million


text: The government collapsed after only nine months when the Liberals voted for a Select Committee inquiry into the Campbell Case, a vote which MacDonald had declared to be a vote of confidence. The ensuing 1924 general election saw the publication, four days before polling day, of the Zinoviev letter, in which Moscow talked about a Communist revolution in Britain. The letter had little impact on the Labour vote—which held up. It was the collapse of the Liberal party that led to the Conservative landslide. The Conservatives were returned to power although Labour increased its vote from 30.7% to a third of the popular vote, most Conservative gains being at the expense of the Liberals. However many Labourites for years blamed their defeat on foul play (the Zinoviev Letter), thereby according to A. J. P. Taylor misunderstanding the political forces at work and delaying needed reforms in the party.

title: Labour_Party_(UK)

title: Labour_Party_(UK

text: The

text: government

text: collapsed

text: after

text: only

text: nine

text: months

text: when

text: the

text: Liberals

text: voted

text: for

text: a

text: Select

text: Committee

text: inquiry

text: into

text: the

text: Campbell

text: Case

text: a

text: vote

text: which

text: MacDonald

text: had

text: declared

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: vote

text: of

text: confidence

text: The

text: ensuing

text: general

text: election

text: saw

text: the

text: publication

text: four

text: days

text: before

text: polling

text: day

text: of

text: the

text: Zinoviev

text: letter

text: in

text: which

text: Moscow

text: talked

text: about

text: a

text: Communist

text: revolution

text: in

text: Britain

text: The

text: letter

text: had

text: little

text: impact

text: on

text: the

text: Labour

text: vote

text: which

text: held

text: up

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: collapse

text: of

text: the

text: Liberal

text: party

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: Conservative

text: landslide

text: The

text: Conservatives

text: were

text: returned

text: to

text: power

text: although

text: Labour

text: increased

text: its

text: vote

text: from

text: to

text: a

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: popular

text: vote

text: most

text: Conservative

text: gains

text: being

text: at

text: the

text: expense

text: of

text: the

text: Liberals

text: However

text: many

text: Labourites

text: for

text: years

text: blamed

text: their

text: defeat

text: on

text: foul

text: play

text: the

text: Zinoviev

text: Letter

text: thereby

text: according

text: to

text: A.

text: J.

text: P.

text: Taylor

text: misunderstanding

text: the

text: political

text: forces

text: at

text: work

text: and

text: delaying

text: needed

text: reforms

text: in

text: the

text: party

question: When was the Zinoviev letter published?

answer: 1924

question: After how long did the government collapse?

answer: nine months

text: nine months

question: What was rebuilt after only nine months?

text: government

question: What did the Conservatives vote for?

question: What letter was published just before the 1920 election?

text: Zinoviev

question: Who was talking about a Communist revolution in America?

text: Moscow

question: What had a big impact on the Labour vote?

text: letter


text: After years of high increase, the unemployment in Portugal has been in a continuous falling trend since the third quarter of 2014, decreasing from a peak of 17.7% achieved in the early 2013 to a rate of 11.9% in the second quarter of 2015. However, it is high still high compared with what was the normal average Portuguese unemployment rate in the past. In the second quarter of 2008 the unemployment rate was 7.3%, but the rate immediately rose the following period. By December 2009, unemployment had surpassed the 10% mark nationwide in the wake of worldwide events, by 2010, the rate was around 11% and in 2011 it was above 12%.[citation needed] The first quarter of 2013 signified a new unemployment rate record for Portugal, as it reached 17.7%— up from 17% in the previous quarter — and the Government has predicted an 18.5% unemployment rate in 2014. However, in the third quarter of the same year, it has surprisingly declined to a rate of 15.6%. From then on, the unemployment downtrend continued, declining to 13.9% in the second semester of 2014 and to 11.9% in the second quarter of 2015.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: After

text: years

text: of

text: high

text: increase

text: the

text: unemployment

text: in

text: Portugal

text: has

text: been

text: in

text: a

text: continuous

text: falling

text: trend

text: since

text: the

text: third

text: quarter

text: of

text: decreasing

text: from

text: a

text: peak

text: of

text: achieved

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: to

text: a

text: rate

text: of

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: quarter

text: of

text: However

text: it

text: is

text: high

text: still

text: high

text: compared

text: with

text: what

text: was

text: the

text: normal

text: average

text: Portuguese

text: unemployment

text: rate

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: In

text: the

text: second

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: unemployment

text: rate

text: was

text: but

text: the

text: rate

text: immediately

text: rose

text: the

text: following

text: period

text: By

text: December

text: unemployment

text: had

text: surpassed

text: the

text: mark

text: nationwide

text: in

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: worldwide

text: events

text: by

text: the

text: rate

text: was

text: around

text: and

text: in

text: it

text: was

text: above

text: needed

text: The

text: first

text: quarter

text: of

text: signified

text: a

text: new

text: unemployment

text: rate

text: record

text: for

text: Portugal

text: as

text: it

text: reached

text: up

text: from

text: in

text: the

text: previous

text: quarter

text: and

text: the

text: Government

text: has

text: predicted

text: an

text: unemployment

text: rate

text: in

text: However

text: in

text: the

text: third

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: year

text: it

text: has

text: surprisingly

text: declined

text: to

text: a

text: rate

text: of

text: From

text: then

text: on

text: the

text: unemployment

text: downtrend

text: continued

text: declining

text: to

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: semester

text: of

text: and

text: to

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: quarter

text: of

question: Since when has the Portugal unemployment rate been in a falling trend?

answer: third quarter of 2014

text: third quarter of 2014

question: To what percentage did the unemployment rate peak at?

answer: 17.7%

question: In the second quarter of 2008, what was the Portuguese unemployment rate?

answer: 7.3%

question: By when did the Portuguese unemployment rate pass the 10% mark?

answer: December 2009

text: December 2009


text: Swaziland derives its name from a later king named Mswati II. KaNgwane, named for Ngwane III, is an alternative name for Swaziland the surname of whose royal house remains Nkhosi Dlamini. Nkhosi literally means "king". Mswati II was the greatest of the fighting kings of Swaziland, and he greatly extended the area of the country to twice its current size. The Emakhandzambili clans were initially incorporated into the kingdom with wide autonomy, often including grants of special ritual and political status. The extent of their autonomy however was drastically curtailed by Mswati, who attacked and subdued some of them in the 1850s.

title: Swaziland

title: Swaziland

text: Swaziland

text: derives

text: its

text: name

text: from

text: a

text: later

text: king

text: named

text: Mswati

text: II

text: KaNgwane

text: named

text: for

text: Ngwane

text: III

text: is

text: an

text: alternative

text: name

text: for

text: Swaziland

text: the

text: surname

text: of

text: whose

text: royal

text: house

text: remains

text: Nkhosi

text: Dlamini

text: Nkhosi

text: literally

text: means

text: king

text: Mswati

text: II

text: was

text: the

text: greatest

text: of

text: the

text: fighting

text: kings

text: of

text: Swaziland

text: and

text: he

text: greatly

text: extended

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: to

text: twice

text: its

text: current

text: size

text: The

text: Emakhandzambili

text: clans

text: were

text: initially

text: incorporated

text: into

text: the

text: kingdom

text: with

text: wide

text: autonomy

text: often

text: including

text: grants

text: of

text: special

text: ritual

text: and

text: political

text: status

text: The

text: extent

text: of

text: their

text: autonomy

text: however

text: was

text: drastically

text: curtailed

text: by

text: Mswati

text: who

text: attacked

text: and

text: subdued

text: some

text: of

text: them

text: in

text: the

question: What is the literal translation of Nkhosi?

answer: king

text: king

question: In terms of the most successful Swaziland kings in battle, who was the best?

answer: Mswati II

text: Mswati II

question: What did Mswati II do to the land controlled by Swaziland during his reign?

answer: greatly extended the area of the country

text: greatly extended the area of the country

question: What groups did Mswati attack in the mid 19th century?

answer: Emakhandzambili clans

text: Emakhandzambili clans

question: Where does the name Swaziland originate?

answer: Mswati II. KaNgwane

text: Mswati II. KaNgwane

question: What country got its name from Ngwane III?

text: Ngwane III

question: What was Ngwane the greatest of?

text: fighting kings of Swaziland

question: What did Ngwane III do to the land controlled by Swaziland during his reign?

question: Who did Ngwane attack and subdue?

text: Emakhandzambili clans

question: Who attacked the Emakhandzambili in the 18th century?

text: Mswati


text: Infrared reflectography (fr; it; es), as called by art conservators, can be applied to paintings to reveal underlying layers in a completely non-destructive manner, in particular the underdrawing or outline drawn by the artist as a guide. This often reveals the artist's use of carbon black, which shows up well in reflectograms, as long as it has not also been used in the ground underlying the whole painting. Art conservators are looking to see whether the visible layers of paint differ from the underdrawing or layers in between – such alterations are called pentimenti when made by the original artist. This is very useful information in deciding whether a painting is the prime version by the original artist or a copy, and whether it has been altered by over-enthusiastic restoration work. In general, the more pentimenti the more likely a painting is to be the prime version. It also gives useful insights into working practices.

title: Infrared

title: Infrared

text: Infrared

text: reflectography

text: fr

text: it

text: es

text: as

text: called

text: by

text: art

text: conservators

text: can

text: be

text: applied

text: to

text: paintings

text: to

text: reveal

text: underlying

text: layers

text: in

text: a

text: completely

text: non

text: destructive

text: manner

text: in

text: particular

text: the

text: underdrawing

text: or

text: outline

text: drawn

text: by

text: the

text: artist

text: as

text: a

text: guide

text: This

text: often

text: reveals

text: the

text: artist

text: 's

text: use

text: of

text: carbon

text: black

text: which

text: shows

text: up

text: well

text: in

text: reflectograms

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: it

text: has

text: not

text: also

text: been

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: ground

text: underlying

text: the

text: whole

text: painting

text: Art

text: conservators

text: are

text: looking

text: to

text: see

text: whether

text: the

text: visible

text: layers

text: of

text: paint

text: differ

text: from

text: the

text: underdrawing

text: or

text: layers

text: in

text: between

text: such

text: alterations

text: are

text: called

text: pentimenti

text: when

text: made

text: by

text: the

text: original

text: artist

text: This

text: is

text: very

text: useful

text: information

text: in

text: deciding

text: whether

text: a

text: painting

text: is

text: the

text: prime

text: version

text: by

text: the

text: original

text: artist

text: or

text: a

text: copy

text: and

text: whether

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: altered

text: by

text: over

text: enthusiastic

text: restoration

text: work

text: In

text: general

text: the

text: more

text: pentimenti

text: the

text: more

text: likely

text: a

text: painting

text: is

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: prime

text: version

text: It

text: also

text: gives

text: useful

text: insights

text: into

text: working

text: practices

question: What technique is used in art to examine underlying layers of a painting without damaging it?

answer: Infrared reflectography

text: Infrared reflectography

question: What shows up particularly well in reflectograms?

answer: carbon black

text: carbon black

question: What is the term for differences in the painting and underdrawing made by the original artist?

answer: pentimenti

text: pentimenti

question: What painting technique is used to reveal working practices?

text: Infrared reflectography

question: What is visible in alterations of paintings?

text: carbon black

question: What is it called when visible layers differ from the reflectogram?

text: pentimenti

question: What is useful to show if a painting is original or part of a reflectogram?

text: pentimenti

question: With carbon black what is the painting more likely to be?

text: the prime version.