text: England's first permanent settlement in the Americas was founded in 1607 in Jamestown, led by Captain John Smith and managed by the Virginia Company. Bermuda was settled and claimed by England as a result of the 1609 shipwreck there of the Virginia Company's flagship, and in 1615 was turned over to the newly formed Somers Isles Company. The Virginia Company's charter was revoked in 1624 and direct control of Virginia was assumed by the crown, thereby founding the Colony of Virginia. The London and Bristol Company was created in 1610 with the aim of creating a permanent settlement on Newfoundland, but was largely unsuccessful. In 1620, Plymouth was founded as a haven for puritan religious separatists, later known as the Pilgrims. Fleeing from religious persecution would become the motive of many English would-be colonists to risk the arduous trans-Atlantic voyage: Maryland was founded as a haven for Roman Catholics (1634), Rhode Island (1636) as a colony tolerant of all religions and Connecticut (1639) for Congregationalists. The Province of Carolina was founded in 1663. With the surrender of Fort Amsterdam in 1664, England gained control of the Dutch colony of New Netherland, renaming it New York. This was formalised in negotiations following the Second Anglo-Dutch War, in exchange for Suriname. In 1681, the colony of Pennsylvania was founded by William Penn. The American colonies were less financially successful than those of the Caribbean, but had large areas of good agricultural land and attracted far larger numbers of English emigrants who preferred their temperate climates.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: England

text: 's

text: first

text: permanent

text: settlement

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: in

text: Jamestown

text: led

text: by

text: Captain

text: John

text: Smith

text: and

text: managed

text: by

text: the

text: Virginia

text: Company

text: Bermuda

text: was

text: settled

text: and

text: claimed

text: by

text: England

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: shipwreck

text: there

text: of

text: the

text: Virginia

text: Company

text: 's

text: flagship

text: and

text: in

text: was

text: turned

text: over

text: to

text: the

text: newly

text: formed

text: Somers

text: Isles

text: Company

text: The

text: Virginia

text: Company

text: 's

text: charter

text: was

text: revoked

text: in

text: and

text: direct

text: control

text: of

text: Virginia

text: was

text: assumed

text: by

text: the

text: crown

text: thereby

text: founding

text: the

text: Colony

text: of

text: Virginia

text: The

text: London

text: and

text: Bristol

text: Company

text: was

text: created

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: aim

text: of

text: creating

text: a

text: permanent

text: settlement

text: on

text: Newfoundland

text: but

text: was

text: largely

text: unsuccessful

text: In

text: Plymouth

text: was

text: founded

text: as

text: a

text: haven

text: for

text: puritan

text: religious

text: separatists

text: later

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Pilgrims

text: Fleeing

text: from

text: religious

text: persecution

text: would

text: become

text: the

text: motive

text: of

text: many

text: English

text: would

text: be

text: colonists

text: to

text: risk

text: the

text: arduous

text: trans

text: Atlantic

text: voyage

text: Maryland

text: was

text: founded

text: as

text: a

text: haven

text: for

text: Roman

text: Catholics

text: Rhode

text: Island

text: as

text: a

text: colony

text: tolerant

text: of

text: all

text: religions

text: and

text: Connecticut

text: for

text: Congregationalists

text: The

text: Province

text: of

text: Carolina

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: With

text: the

text: surrender

text: of

text: Fort

text: Amsterdam

text: in

text: England

text: gained

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: Dutch

text: colony

text: of

text: New

text: Netherland

text: renaming

text: it

text: New

text: York

text: This

text: was

text: formalised

text: in

text: negotiations

text: following

text: the

text: Second

text: Anglo

text: Dutch

text: War

text: in

text: exchange

text: for

text: Suriname

text: In

text: the

text: colony

text: of

text: Pennsylvania

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: William

text: Penn

text: The

text: American

text: colonies

text: were

text: less

text: financially

text: successful

text: than

text: those

text: of

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: but

text: had

text: large

text: areas

text: of

text: good

text: agricultural

text: land

text: and

text: attracted

text: far

text: larger

text: numbers

text: of

text: English

text: emigrants

text: who

text: preferred

text: their

text: temperate

text: climates

question: When was England's first permanent settlement in the Americas founded?

answer: 1607

question: Where was England's first permanent settlement in the Americas?

answer: Jamestown

text: Jamestown

question: Who led England's first permanent settlement in the Americas?

answer: Captain John Smith

text: Captain John Smith

question: When did the Somer Isles Company take over managing Bermuda?

answer: 1615

question: What did England rename New Netherland to?

answer: New York

text: New York


text: On 20 April 1992, The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert was held at London's Wembley Stadium to a 72,000-strong crowd. Performers, including Def Leppard, Robert Plant, Guns N' Roses, Elton John, David Bowie, George Michael, Annie Lennox, Seal, Extreme, and Metallica performed various Queen songs along with the three remaining Queen members (and Spike Edney.) The concert is listed in the Guinness Book of Records as "The largest rock star benefit concert", as it was televised to over 1.2 billion viewers worldwide, and raised over £20,000,000 for AIDS charities.

title: Queen_(band)

title: Queen_(band

text: On

text: April

text: The

text: Freddie

text: Mercury

text: Tribute

text: Concert

text: was

text: held

text: at

text: London

text: 's

text: Wembley

text: Stadium

text: to

text: a

text: crowd

text: Performers

text: including

text: Def

text: Leppard

text: Robert

text: Plant

text: Guns

text: N

text: Roses

text: Elton

text: John

text: David

text: Bowie

text: George

text: Michael

text: Annie

text: Lennox

text: Seal

text: Extreme

text: and

text: Metallica

text: performed

text: various

text: Queen

text: songs

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: three

text: remaining

text: Queen

text: members

text: and

text: Spike

text: Edney

text: The

text: concert

text: is

text: listed

text: in

text: the

text: Guinness

text: Book

text: of

text: Records

text: as

text: The

text: largest

text: rock

text: star

text: benefit

text: concert

text: as

text: it

text: was

text: televised

text: to

text: over

text: billion

text: viewers

text: worldwide

text: and

text: raised

text: over

text: for

text: AIDS

text: charities

question: When was the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert held?

answer: 20 April 1992

text: 20 April 1992

question: Where was the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert held?

answer: London's Wembley Stadium

text: London's Wembley Stadium

question: How many people attended the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert?

answer: 72,000

question: Which band was he largest benefit concert in history about?

answer: Queen

text: Queen

question: How many viewers did the largest rock star benefit concert attract?

answer: 1.2 billion viewers worldwide

text: 1.2 billion viewers worldwide


text: Code points in the range U+D800–U+DBFF (1,024 code points) are known as high-surrogate code points, and code points in the range U+DC00–U+DFFF (1,024 code points) are known as low-surrogate code points. A high-surrogate code point (also known as a leading surrogate) followed by a low-surrogate code point (also known as a trailing surrogate) together form a surrogate pair used in UTF-16 to represent 1,048,576 code points outside BMP. High and low surrogate code points are not valid by themselves. Thus the range of code points that are available for use as characters is U+0000–U+D7FF and U+E000–U+10FFFF (1,112,064 code points). The value of these code points (i.e., excluding surrogates) is sometimes referred to as the character's scalar value.

title: Unicode

title: Unicode

text: Code

text: points

text: in

text: the

text: range

text: code

text: points

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: high

text: surrogate

text: code

text: points

text: and

text: code

text: points

text: in

text: the

text: range

text: code

text: points

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: low

text: surrogate

text: code

text: points

text: A

text: high

text: surrogate

text: code

text: point

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: a

text: leading

text: surrogate

text: followed

text: by

text: a

text: low

text: surrogate

text: code

text: point

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: a

text: trailing

text: surrogate

text: together

text: form

text: a

text: surrogate

text: pair

text: used

text: in

text: to

text: represent

text: code

text: points

text: outside

text: BMP

text: High

text: and

text: low

text: surrogate

text: code

text: points

text: are

text: not

text: valid

text: by

text: themselves

text: Thus

text: the

text: range

text: of

text: code

text: points

text: that

text: are

text: available

text: for

text: use

text: as

text: characters

text: is

text: and

text: code

text: points

text: The

text: value

text: of

text: these

text: code

text: points

text: i.e.

text: excluding

text: surrogates

text: is

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: character

text: 's

text: scalar

text: value

question: What are code points in the range U+D800-U+DBFF known as?

answer: high-surrogate code points

text: high-surrogate code points

question: What are code points in the range U+DC00-U+DFFF known as?

answer: low-surrogate code points

text: low-surrogate code points

question: what is another name for a high-surrogate code point?

answer: leading surrogate

text: leading surrogate

question: what is another name for a low-surrogate code point?

answer: trailing surrogate

text: trailing surrogate

question: What is known as a character's scalar value?

answer: the range of code points that are available for use as characters

text: the range of code points that are available for use as characters

question: What is a low-surrogate followed by a high-surrogate called?

text: a surrogate pair

question: What is another name for a surrogate pair?

text: trailing surrogate

question: How many points are represented inside of BMP?

question: Which kinds of code points are valid by themselves?

text: High and low

question: What is the individual number of code points called?

text: scalar value


text: In 1875, Bell developed an acoustic telegraph and drew up a patent application for it. Since he had agreed to share U.S. profits with his investors Gardiner Hubbard and Thomas Sanders, Bell requested that an associate in Ontario, George Brown, attempt to patent it in Britain, instructing his lawyers to apply for a patent in the U.S. only after they received word from Britain (Britain would issue patents only for discoveries not previously patented elsewhere).

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: In

text: Bell

text: developed

text: an

text: acoustic

text: telegraph

text: and

text: drew

text: up

text: a

text: patent

text: application

text: for

text: it

text: Since

text: he

text: had

text: agreed

text: to

text: share

text: U.S.

text: profits

text: with

text: his

text: investors

text: Gardiner

text: Hubbard

text: and

text: Thomas

text: Sanders

text: Bell

text: requested

text: that

text: an

text: associate

text: in

text: Ontario

text: George

text: Brown

text: attempt

text: to

text: patent

text: it

text: in

text: Britain

text: instructing

text: his

text: lawyers

text: to

text: apply

text: for

text: a

text: patent

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: only

text: after

text: they

text: received

text: word

text: from

text: Britain

text: Britain

text: would

text: issue

text: patents

text: only

text: for

text: discoveries

text: not

text: previously

text: patented

text: elsewhere

question: What did Bell promise to split with his financers?

answer: U.S. profits

text: U.S. profits

question: In what country other than the U.S. did Bell try to patent his telegraph?

answer: Britain

text: Britain

question: Which country did Bell first try to get a patent?

answer: Britain

text: Britain

question: Who did Bell ask to get a patent in Britain?

answer: George Brown

text: George Brown

question: What kind of telegraph did Bell create?

answer: acoustic

text: acoustic


text: For much of the eighteenth century, France approached its wars in the same way. It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help (sending them limited numbers of troops or inexperienced soldiers), anticipating that fights for the colonies would most likely be lost anyway. This strategy was to a degree forced upon France: geography, coupled with the superiority of the British navy, made it difficult for the French navy to provide significant supplies and support to French colonies. Similarly, several long land borders made an effective domestic army imperative for any French ruler. Given these military necessities, the French government, unsurprisingly, based its strategy overwhelmingly on the army in Europe: it would keep most of its army on the continent, hoping for victories closer to home. The plan was to fight to the end of hostilities and then, in treaty negotiations, to trade territorial acquisitions in Europe to regain lost overseas possessions. This approach did not serve France well in the war, as the colonies were indeed lost, but although much of the European war went well, by its end France had few counterbalancing European successes.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: For

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: eighteenth

text: century

text: France

text: approached

text: its

text: wars

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: way

text: It

text: would

text: let

text: colonies

text: defend

text: themselves

text: or

text: would

text: offer

text: only

text: minimal

text: help

text: sending

text: them

text: limited

text: numbers

text: of

text: troops

text: or

text: inexperienced

text: soldiers

text: anticipating

text: that

text: fights

text: for

text: the

text: colonies

text: would

text: most

text: likely

text: be

text: lost

text: anyway

text: This

text: strategy

text: was

text: to

text: a

text: degree

text: forced

text: upon

text: France

text: geography

text: coupled

text: with

text: the

text: superiority

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: navy

text: made

text: it

text: difficult

text: for

text: the

text: French

text: navy

text: to

text: provide

text: significant

text: supplies

text: and

text: support

text: to

text: French

text: colonies

text: Similarly

text: several

text: long

text: land

text: borders

text: made

text: an

text: effective

text: domestic

text: army

text: imperative

text: for

text: any

text: French

text: ruler

text: Given

text: these

text: military

text: necessities

text: the

text: French

text: government

text: unsurprisingly

text: based

text: its

text: strategy

text: overwhelmingly

text: on

text: the

text: army

text: in

text: Europe

text: it

text: would

text: keep

text: most

text: of

text: its

text: army

text: on

text: the

text: continent

text: hoping

text: for

text: victories

text: closer

text: to

text: home

text: The

text: plan

text: was

text: to

text: fight

text: to

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: hostilities

text: and

text: then

text: in

text: treaty

text: negotiations

text: to

text: trade

text: territorial

text: acquisitions

text: in

text: Europe

text: to

text: regain

text: lost

text: overseas

text: possessions

text: This

text: approach

text: did

text: not

text: serve

text: France

text: well

text: in

text: the

text: war

text: as

text: the

text: colonies

text: were

text: indeed

text: lost

text: but

text: although

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: war

text: went

text: well

text: by

text: its

text: end

text: France

text: had

text: few

text: counterbalancing

text: European

text: successes

question: How much effort did France put into wars to defend its colonies?

answer: It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help

text: It would let colonies defend themselves or would offer only minimal help

question: Identify a major factor in this feckless strategy by France of not defending its colonies with enthusiasm?

answer: geography, coupled with the superiority of the British navy, made it difficult

text: geography, coupled with the superiority of the British navy, made it difficult

question: Why did the French rulers need a large domestic army?

answer: several long land borders made an effective domestic army imperative

text: several long land borders made an effective domestic army imperative

question: In treaty negotiations, what trades did France hope to make.

answer: in treaty negotiations, to trade territorial acquisitions in Europe to regain lost overseas possessions.

text: in treaty negotiations, to trade territorial acquisitions in Europe to regain lost overseas possessions.

question: How much success did France have in adding European territory with this approach?

answer: France had few counterbalancing European successes.

text: France had few counterbalancing European successes.


text: Some of the Dravidian languages, such as Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada, have a distinction between voiced and voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated only in loanwords from Indo-Aryan languages. In native Dravidian words, there is no distinction between these categories and stops are underspecified for voicing and aspiration.

title: Aspirated_consonant

title: Aspirated_consonant

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: Dravidian

text: languages

text: such

text: as

text: Telugu

text: Tamil

text: Malayalam

text: and

text: Kannada

text: have

text: a

text: distinction

text: between

text: voiced

text: and

text: voiceless

text: aspirated

text: and

text: unaspirated

text: only

text: in

text: loanwords

text: from

text: Indo

text: Aryan

text: languages

text: In

text: native

text: Dravidian

text: words

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: distinction

text: between

text: these

text: categories

text: and

text: stops

text: are

text: underspecified

text: for

text: voicing

text: and

text: aspiration

question: Telegu, Kannada and others are considered to be some of the what languages?

answer: Dravidian

text: Dravidian

question: What has no distinction between the categories  of voiced, voiceless, aspirated and unaspirated?

answer: native Dravidian words

text: native Dravidian words

question: In native English words, there is no distinction between what?

question: What is used only in loanwords from Spanish languages?

question: What is underspecified for voicing and unaspiratoin?

text: stops

question: There are many category distinctions in what language?

text: native Dravidian

question: All of the Dravidian languages have a distinction between what?


text: To the southwest, the principality of Halych had developed trade relations with its Polish, Hungarian and Lithuanian neighbours and emerged as the local successor to Kievan Rus'. In 1199, Prince Roman Mstislavich united the two previously separate principalities. In 1202 he conquered Kiev, and assumed the title of Grand Duke of Kievan Rus', which was held by the rulers of Vladimir-Suzdal since 1169. His son, Prince Daniil (r. 1238–1264) looked for support from the West. He accepted a crown as a "Rex Rusiae" ("King of Russia") from the Roman papacy, apparently doing so without breaking with Constantinople. In 1370, the patriarch of the Eastern Orthodox Church in Constantinople granted the King of Poland a metropolitan for his Russian subjects. Lithuanian rulers also requested and received a metropolitan for Novagrudok shortly afterwards. Cyprian, a candidate pushed by the Lithuanian rulers, became Metropolitan of Kiev in 1375 and metropolitan of Moscow in 1382; this way the church in the Russian countries was reunited for some time. In 1439, Kiev became the seat of a separate "Metropolitan of Kiev, Galich and all Rus'" for all Greek Orthodox Christians under Polish-Lithuanian rule.

title: Kievan_Rus%27

title: Kievan_Rus%27

text: To

text: the

text: southwest

text: the

text: principality

text: of

text: Halych

text: had

text: developed

text: trade

text: relations

text: with

text: its

text: Polish

text: Hungarian

text: and

text: Lithuanian

text: neighbours

text: and

text: emerged

text: as

text: the

text: local

text: successor

text: to

text: Kievan

text: Rus

text: In

text: Prince

text: Roman

text: Mstislavich

text: united

text: the

text: two

text: previously

text: separate

text: principalities

text: In

text: he

text: conquered

text: Kiev

text: and

text: assumed

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: Grand

text: Duke

text: of

text: Kievan

text: Rus

text: which

text: was

text: held

text: by

text: the

text: rulers

text: of

text: Vladimir

text: Suzdal

text: since

text: His

text: son

text: Prince

text: Daniil

text: r.

text: looked

text: for

text: support

text: from

text: the

text: West

text: He

text: accepted

text: a

text: crown

text: as

text: a

text: Rex

text: Rusiae

text: King

text: of

text: Russia

text: from

text: the

text: Roman

text: papacy

text: apparently

text: doing

text: so

text: without

text: breaking

text: with

text: Constantinople

text: In

text: the

text: patriarch

text: of

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Orthodox

text: Church

text: in

text: Constantinople

text: granted

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: Poland

text: a

text: metropolitan

text: for

text: his

text: Russian

text: subjects

text: Lithuanian

text: rulers

text: also

text: requested

text: and

text: received

text: a

text: metropolitan

text: for

text: Novagrudok

text: shortly

text: afterwards

text: Cyprian

text: a

text: candidate

text: pushed

text: by

text: the

text: Lithuanian

text: rulers

text: became

text: Metropolitan

text: of

text: Kiev

text: in

text: and

text: metropolitan

text: of

text: Moscow

text: in

text: this

text: way

text: the

text: church

text: in

text: the

text: Russian

text: countries

text: was

text: reunited

text: for

text: some

text: time

text: In

text: Kiev

text: became

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: a

text: separate

text: Metropolitan

text: of

text: Kiev

text: Galich

text: and

text: all

text: Rus

text: for

text: all

text: Greek

text: Orthodox

text: Christians

text: under

text: Polish

text: Lithuanian

text: rule

question: Which neighbors did Halych develop trade relations with?

answer: Polish, Hungarian and Lithuanian

text: Polish, Hungarian and Lithuanian

question: Who united the two previously separated principalities?

answer: Prince Roman Mstislavich

text: Prince Roman Mstislavich

question: In what year did Mstislavich defeat the Kiev?

answer: 1202

question: Who became metropolitan in 1370?

answer: Cyprian

text: Cyprian

question: Which neighbors did Halych not develop trade relations with?

text: Polish, Hungarian and Lithuanian

question: Who did not unit the two principalities?

text: Prince Roman Mstislavich

question: Who did not conquer Kiev in 1202?

text: Prince Roman Mstislavich

question: When did Prince Daniil rule?

question: What did the patriarch of the Western Orthodox Church grant?


text: On basic Church teachings, the pope was unwavering. On the tenth anniversary of Humanae vitae, he reconfirmed this teaching. In his style and methodology, he was a disciple of Pius XII, whom he deeply revered. He suffered for the attacks on Pius XII for his alleged silences during the Holocaust. Pope Paul VI was less outstanding than his predecessors: he was not credited with an encyclopedic memory, nor a gift for languages, nor the brilliant writing style of Pius XII, nor did he have the charisma and outpouring love, sense of humor and human warmth of John XXIII. He took on himself the unfinished reform work of these two popes, bringing them diligently with great humility and common sense and without much fanfare to conclusion. In doing so, Paul VI saw himself following in the footsteps of the Apostle Paul, torn to several directions as Saint Paul, who said, "I am attracted to two sides at once, because the Cross always divides."

title: Pope_Paul_VI

title: Pope_Paul_VI

text: On

text: basic

text: Church

text: teachings

text: the

text: pope

text: was

text: unwavering

text: On

text: the

text: tenth

text: anniversary

text: of

text: Humanae

text: vitae

text: he

text: reconfirmed

text: this

text: teaching

text: In

text: his

text: style

text: and

text: methodology

text: he

text: was

text: a

text: disciple

text: of

text: Pius

text: XII

text: whom

text: he

text: deeply

text: revered

text: He

text: suffered

text: for

text: the

text: attacks

text: on

text: Pius

text: XII

text: for

text: his

text: alleged

text: silences

text: during

text: the

text: Holocaust

text: Pope

text: Paul

text: VI

text: was

text: less

text: outstanding

text: than

text: his

text: predecessors

text: he

text: was

text: not

text: credited

text: with

text: an

text: encyclopedic

text: memory

text: nor

text: a

text: gift

text: for

text: languages

text: nor

text: the

text: brilliant

text: writing

text: style

text: of

text: Pius

text: XII

text: nor

text: did

text: he

text: have

text: the

text: charisma

text: and

text: outpouring

text: love

text: sense

text: of

text: humor

text: and

text: human

text: warmth

text: of

text: John

text: XXIII

text: He

text: took

text: on

text: himself

text: the

text: unfinished

text: reform

text: work

text: of

text: these

text: two

text: popes

text: bringing

text: them

text: diligently

text: with

text: great

text: humility

text: and

text: common

text: sense

text: and

text: without

text: much

text: fanfare

text: to

text: conclusion

text: In

text: doing

text: so

text: Paul

text: VI

text: saw

text: himself

text: following

text: in

text: the

text: footsteps

text: of

text: the

text: Apostle

text: Paul

text: torn

text: to

text: several

text: directions

text: as

text: Saint

text: Paul

text: who

text: said

text: I

text: am

text: attracted

text: to

text: two

text: sides

text: at

text: once

text: because

text: the

text: Cross

text: always

text: divides

question: What was Pius XII accused of not condemning?

answer: Holocaust

text: Holocaust

question: Whose theology did Paul VI continue to propagate during his papacy?

answer: Pius XII

text: Pius XII

question: What type of work did Paul Vi finish that had been started by two previous popes?

answer: reform

text: reform

question: On which anniversary of his Humanae Vitae did Paul VI reconfirm the beliefs set forth by the Humanae Vitae?

answer: tenth

text: tenth

question: Which pope that preceded Paul VI was noted for his warmth and humor?

answer: John XXIII

text: John XXIII


text: The Estonian Academy of Arts (Estonian: Eesti Kunstiakadeemia, EKA) is providing higher education in art, design, architecture, media, art history and conservation while Viljandi Culture Academy of University of Tartu has an approach to popularise native culture through such curricula as native construction, native blacksmithing, native textile design, traditional handicraft and traditional music, but also jazz and church music. In 2010, there were 245 museums in Estonia whose combined collections contain more than 10 million objects.

title: Estonia

title: Estonia

text: The

text: Estonian

text: Academy

text: of

text: Arts

text: Estonian

text: Eesti

text: Kunstiakadeemia

text: EKA

text: is

text: providing

text: higher

text: education

text: in

text: art

text: design

text: architecture

text: media

text: art

text: history

text: and

text: conservation

text: while

text: Viljandi

text: Culture

text: Academy

text: of

text: University

text: of

text: Tartu

text: has

text: an

text: approach

text: to

text: popularise

text: native

text: culture

text: through

text: such

text: curricula

text: as

text: native

text: construction

text: native

text: blacksmithing

text: native

text: textile

text: design

text: traditional

text: handicraft

text: and

text: traditional

text: music

text: but

text: also

text: jazz

text: and

text: church

text: music

text: In

text: there

text: were

text: museums

text: in

text: Estonia

text: whose

text: combined

text: collections

text: contain

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: objects

question: What institute provides education in art, design, and media?

answer: The Estonian Academy of Arts

text: The Estonian Academy of Arts

question: What institute promotes awareness of native culture?

answer: Viljandi Culture Academy of University of Tartu

text: Viljandi Culture Academy of University of Tartu

question: What parts of native culture does the Viljandi Culture Academy highlight?

answer: native construction, native blacksmithing, native textile design

text: native construction, native blacksmithing, native textile design

question: How many Estonian museums existed in 2010?

answer: 245


text: The hygiene hypothesis attempts to explain the increased rates of asthma worldwide as a direct and unintended result of reduced exposure, during childhood, to non-pathogenic bacteria and viruses. It has been proposed that the reduced exposure to bacteria and viruses is due, in part, to increased cleanliness and decreased family size in modern societies. Exposure to bacterial endotoxin in early childhood may prevent the development of asthma, but exposure at an older age may provoke bronchoconstriction. Evidence supporting the hygiene hypothesis includes lower rates of asthma on farms and in households with pets.

title: Asthma

title: Asthma

text: The

text: hygiene

text: hypothesis

text: attempts

text: to

text: explain

text: the

text: increased

text: rates

text: of

text: asthma

text: worldwide

text: as

text: a

text: direct

text: and

text: unintended

text: result

text: of

text: reduced

text: exposure

text: during

text: childhood

text: to

text: non

text: pathogenic

text: bacteria

text: and

text: viruses

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: proposed

text: that

text: the

text: reduced

text: exposure

text: to

text: bacteria

text: and

text: viruses

text: is

text: due

text: in

text: part

text: to

text: increased

text: cleanliness

text: and

text: decreased

text: family

text: size

text: in

text: modern

text: societies

text: Exposure

text: to

text: bacterial

text: endotoxin

text: in

text: early

text: childhood

text: may

text: prevent

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: asthma

text: but

text: exposure

text: at

text: an

text: older

text: age

text: may

text: provoke

text: bronchoconstriction

text: Evidence

text: supporting

text: the

text: hygiene

text: hypothesis

text: includes

text: lower

text: rates

text: of

text: asthma

text: on

text: farms

text: and

text: in

text: households

text: with

text: pets

question: What hypothesis tries to explain the increased amount of asthma world wide?

answer: The hygiene hypothesis

text: The hygiene hypothesis

question: How does the hygiene hypothesis explain the increase in asthma?

answer: a direct and unintended result of reduced exposure, during childhood, to non-pathogenic bacteria and viruses

text: a direct and unintended result of reduced exposure, during childhood, to non-pathogenic bacteria and viruses

question: What has caused the reduced exposure in childhood?

answer: increased cleanliness and decreased family size in modern societies

text: increased cleanliness and decreased family size in modern societies

question: What could prevent asthma?

answer: Exposure to bacterial endotoxin in early childhood

text: Exposure to bacterial endotoxin in early childhood

question: What is some of the evidence backing the hygiene hypothesis?

answer: lower rates of asthma on farms and in households with pets.

text: lower rates of asthma on farms and in households with pets.

question: What hypothesis explains the increased rates of viruses worldwide?

text: The hygiene hypothesis

question: How does the hygene hypothesis explain the cause of bronchoconstriction?

question: What can cause bacteria in pets?

question: Why are people less likely to want to live on a farm?

question: What is some evidence used to support the hypothesis on non-pathogenic bacteria?


text: In the original city plan, the interstate buses should also stop at the Central Station. Because of the growth of Brasília (and corresponding growth in the bus fleet), today the interstate buses leave from the older interstate station (called Rodoferroviária), located at the western end of the Eixo Monumental. The Central Bus Station also contains a main metro station. A new bus station was opened in July 2010. It is on Saída Sul (South Exit) near Parkshopping Mall and with its metro station, and it's also an inter-state bus station, used only to leave the Federal District.

title: Bras%C3%ADlia

title: Bras%C3%ADlia

text: In

text: the

text: original

text: city

text: plan

text: the

text: interstate

text: buses

text: should

text: also

text: stop

text: at

text: the

text: Central

text: Station

text: Because

text: of

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: Brasília

text: and

text: corresponding

text: growth

text: in

text: the

text: bus

text: fleet

text: today

text: the

text: interstate

text: buses

text: leave

text: from

text: the

text: older

text: interstate

text: station

text: called

text: Rodoferroviária

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: western

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Eixo

text: Monumental

text: The

text: Central

text: Bus

text: Station

text: also

text: contains

text: a

text: main

text: metro

text: station

text: A

text: new

text: bus

text: station

text: was

text: opened

text: in

text: July

text: It

text: is

text: on

text: Saída

text: Sul

text: South

text: Exit

text: near

text: Parkshopping

text: Mall

text: and

text: with

text: its

text: metro

text: station

text: and

text: it

text: 's

text: also

text: an

text: inter

text: state

text: bus

text: station

text: used

text: only

text: to

text: leave

text: the

text: Federal

text: District

question: Where did Brasilia's plan want interstate buses to stop?

answer: Central Station

text: Central Station

question: What is the older interstate bus station called?

answer: Rodoferroviária

text: Rodoferroviária

question: Where is the older interstate bus station?

answer: the western end of the Eixo Monumental

text: the western end of the Eixo Monumental

question: What mall is Brasilia's newest bus station near?

answer: Parkshopping Mall

text: Parkshopping Mall

question: What street is Brasilia's newest bus station on?

answer: Saída Sul

text: Saída Sul

question: In the original plan where should western end buses stop?

text: at the Central Station

question: Because of the location of the Parkshopping Mall, where do buses leave from today?

question: When was the Rodoferroviaria opened?

text: in July 2010

question: Where is the Central Station located that opened in July 2010?

question: What is only used to leave the Eixo Monumental?

text: an inter-state bus station


text: Anti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, but this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them. In California and the western US, there were greater numbers of Latino and Asian residents. These were prohibited from official relationships with whites. White legislators passed laws prohibiting marriage between European and Asian Americans until the 1950s.

title: Multiracial_American

title: Multiracial_American

text: Anti

text: miscegenation

text: laws

text: were

text: passed

text: in

text: most

text: states

text: during

text: the

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: but

text: this

text: did

text: not

text: prevent

text: white

text: slaveholders

text: their

text: sons

text: or

text: other

text: powerful

text: white

text: men

text: from

text: taking

text: slave

text: women

text: as

text: concubines

text: and

text: having

text: multiracial

text: children

text: with

text: them

text: In

text: California

text: and

text: the

text: western

text: US

text: there

text: were

text: greater

text: numbers

text: of

text: Latino

text: and

text: Asian

text: residents

text: These

text: were

text: prohibited

text: from

text: official

text: relationships

text: with

text: whites

text: White

text: legislators

text: passed

text: laws

text: prohibiting

text: marriage

text: between

text: European

text: and

text: Asian

text: Americans

text: until

text: the

question: What were put in place to prevent the mix of races?

answer: Anti-miscegenation laws

text: Anti-miscegenation laws

question: Why did the anti-miscegenation not insure that there was no interracial mixing?

answer: white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them

text: white men from taking slave women as concubines and having multiracial children with them

question: Where was there greater numbers of Latinos and Asian residents?

answer: In California and the western US

text: In California and the western US

question: What races were prohibited from official relationships with whites?

answer: Latino and Asian residents

text: Latino and Asian residents

question: When were the laws against marriage between Asians and Europeans lifted?

answer: 1950s

question: When were anti-miscegenation laws passed?

answer: Anti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries

text: Anti-miscegenation laws were passed in most states during the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries

question: Did these laws change behavior of white slaveholders and other powerful white men?

answer: this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines

text: this did not prevent white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men from taking slave women as concubines

question: Which region has greater numbers of Latino and Asian residents?

answer: In California and the western US,

text: In California and the western US,

question: Were there any laws against marriage between whites and Asians in the US?

answer: White legislators passed laws prohibiting marriage between European and Asian Americans until the 1950s.

text: White legislators passed laws prohibiting marriage between European and Asian Americans until the 1950s.

question: Were Latino residents also prohibited from marrying whites?

answer: were prohibited from official relationships with whites.

text: were prohibited from official relationships with whites.

question: In the western US, who were not allowed to have relationships with whites?

answer: Latino and Asian residents

text: Latino and Asian residents

question: When did laws stop banning marriage between whites and asians?

answer: the 1950s

text: the 1950s

question: Who were taking slaves as concubines?

answer: white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men

text: white slaveholders, their sons, or other powerful white men

question: What laws were passed in the 21st century?

text: Anti-miscegenation laws

question: Who refused to take slave women as concubines?

text: white men

question: Where in the US were there smaller numbers of Asian and Latino residents?

text: California

question: Who was permitted to have official relationships with whites?

text: Latino and Asian residents

question: What was prohibited after the 1950s?


text: Zhejiang was the site of the Neolithic cultures of the Hemudu and Liangzhu. A 2007 analysis of the DNA recovered from human remains in the archeological sites of prehistoric peoples along the Yangtze River shows high frequencies of haplogroup O1 in the Liangzhu culture, linking them to Austronesian and Tai-Kadai peoples.

title: Zhejiang

title: Zhejiang

text: Zhejiang

text: was

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: Neolithic

text: cultures

text: of

text: the

text: Hemudu

text: and

text: Liangzhu

text: A

text: analysis

text: of

text: the

text: DNA

text: recovered

text: from

text: human

text: remains

text: in

text: the

text: archeological

text: sites

text: of

text: prehistoric

text: peoples

text: along

text: the

text: Yangtze

text: River

text: shows

text: high

text: frequencies

text: of

text: haplogroup

text: in

text: the

text: Liangzhu

text: culture

text: linking

text: them

text: to

text: Austronesian

text: and

text: Tai

text: Kadai

text: peoples

question: What kind of cultures were the Hemudu and Liangzhu?

answer: Neolithic

text: Neolithic

question: Where was the site of the Hemudu and LIangzhu cultures?

answer: Zhejiang

text: Zhejiang

question: What year was there an analysis of the DNA recovered from human remains in Liangzhu culture?

answer: 2007

question: Which culture were the Austronesian and Tai-Kadai peoples linked to in the DNA analysis?

answer: Liangzhu

text: Liangzhu

question: What haplogroup did a DNA analysis of the Liangzhu culture reveal?

answer: O1

question: What kind of culture are the Hemudu and Liangzhu?

text: Neolithic

question: Where was the site of the Hemudu and LIangzhu cultures relocated to?

text: Zhejiang

question: What happened in 2006?

question: Which culture were the Austronesian and Tai-Kadai peoples not linked to in the DNA analysis?

text: Liangzhu

question: What haplogroup did a DNA analysis of the Liangzhu culture not reveal?


text: Presbyterian denominations that trace their heritage to the British Isles usually organise their church services inspired by the principles in the Directory of Public Worship, developed by the Westminster Assembly in the 1640s. This directory documented Reformed worship practices and theology adopted and developed over the preceding century by British Puritans, initially guided by John Calvin and John Knox. It was enacted as law by the Scottish Parliament, and became one of the foundational documents of Presbyterian church legislation elsewhere.

title: Presbyterianism

title: Presbyterianism

text: Presbyterian

text: denominations

text: that

text: trace

text: their

text: heritage

text: to

text: the

text: British

text: Isles

text: usually

text: organise

text: their

text: church

text: services

text: inspired

text: by

text: the

text: principles

text: in

text: the

text: Directory

text: of

text: Public

text: Worship

text: developed

text: by

text: the

text: Westminster

text: Assembly

text: in

text: the

text: This

text: directory

text: documented

text: Reformed

text: worship

text: practices

text: and

text: theology

text: adopted

text: and

text: developed

text: over

text: the

text: preceding

text: century

text: by

text: British

text: Puritans

text: initially

text: guided

text: by

text: John

text: Calvin

text: and

text: John

text: Knox

text: It

text: was

text: enacted

text: as

text: law

text: by

text: the

text: Scottish

text: Parliament

text: and

text: became

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: foundational

text: documents

text: of

text: Presbyterian

text: church

text: legislation

text: elsewhere

question: The Presbyterian denominations from the British Isles were inspired by these principles in what document?

answer: Directory of Public Worship

text: Directory of Public Worship

question: When was the Directory of Public Worship developed?

answer: 1640s

question: Which government enacted the Directory of Public Worship teachings into law?

answer: Scottish Parliament

text: Scottish Parliament

question: Which denomination's heritage can be traced to Westminster Assembly?

text: Presbyterian

question: Which denomination's heritage can be traced to John Calvin?

text: Presbyterian

question: Which denomination's heritage can be traced to John Knox?

text: Presbyterian

question: Which Directory was enacted into law by John Calvin?

text: Directory of Public Worship

question: Which Directory was enacted into law by Westminster Assembly?

text: Directory of Public Worship


text: This unified institution consists of sea, land, and air elements referred to as the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), Canadian Army, and Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). Personnel may belong to either the Regular Force or the Reserve Force, which has four sub-components: the Primary Reserve, Supplementary Reserve, Cadet Organizations Administration and Training Service, and the Canadian Rangers. Under the National Defence Act, the Canadian Armed Forces are an entity separate and distinct from the Department of National Defence (the federal government department responsible for administration and formation of defence policy), which also exists as the civilian support system for the Forces.

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

text: This

text: unified

text: institution

text: consists

text: of

text: sea

text: land

text: and

text: air

text: elements

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Royal

text: Canadian

text: Navy

text: RCN

text: Canadian

text: Army

text: and

text: Royal

text: Canadian

text: Air

text: Force

text: RCAF

text: Personnel

text: may

text: belong

text: to

text: either

text: the

text: Regular

text: Force

text: or

text: the

text: Reserve

text: Force

text: which

text: has

text: four

text: sub

text: components

text: the

text: Primary

text: Reserve

text: Supplementary

text: Reserve

text: Cadet

text: Organizations

text: Administration

text: and

text: Training

text: Service

text: and

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Rangers

text: Under

text: the

text: National

text: Defence

text: Act

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: are

text: an

text: entity

text: separate

text: and

text: distinct

text: from

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: National

text: Defence

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: department

text: responsible

text: for

text: administration

text: and

text: formation

text: of

text: defence

text: policy

text: which

text: also

text: exists

text: as

text: the

text: civilian

text: support

text: system

text: for

text: the

text: Forces

question: How many sub components are there?

answer: four

text: four

question: What act defines the CAF?

answer: the National Defence Act

text: the National Defence Act

question: What does RNC stand for?

text: Royal Canadian Navy

question: What does RACF stand for?

text: Royal Canadian Air Force

question: What four components make up the Force Reserve?

question: What is the Canadian Armed Forces associated with under the National Defence Act?

text: Department of National Defence

question: How many non-sub components are there?

text: four

question: What act does not define the CAF?

text: National Defence Act


text: This process begins when the user inputs a Uniform Resource Locator (URL), for example http://en.wikipedia.org/, into the browser. The prefix of the URL, the Uniform Resource Identifier or URI, determines how the URL will be interpreted. The most commonly used kind of URI starts with http: and identifies a resource to be retrieved over the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Many browsers also support a variety of other prefixes, such as https: for HTTPS, ftp: for the File Transfer Protocol, and file: for local files. Prefixes that the web browser cannot directly handle are often handed off to another application entirely. For example, mailto: URIs are usually passed to the user's default e-mail application, and news: URIs are passed to the user's default newsgroup reader.

title: Web_browser

title: Web_browser

text: This

text: process

text: begins

text: when

text: the

text: user

text: inputs

text: a

text: Uniform

text: Resource

text: Locator

text: URL

text: for

text: example

text: into

text: the

text: browser

text: The

text: prefix

text: of

text: the

text: URL

text: the

text: Uniform

text: Resource

text: Identifier

text: or

text: URI

text: determines

text: how

text: the

text: URL

text: will

text: be

text: interpreted

text: The

text: most

text: commonly

text: used

text: kind

text: of

text: URI

text: starts

text: with

text: http

text: and

text: identifies

text: a

text: resource

text: to

text: be

text: retrieved

text: over

text: the

text: Hypertext

text: Transfer

text: Protocol

text: HTTP

text: Many

text: browsers

text: also

text: support

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: other

text: prefixes

text: such

text: as

text: https

text: for

text: HTTPS

text: ftp

text: for

text: the

text: File

text: Transfer

text: Protocol

text: and

text: file

text: for

text: local

text: files

text: Prefixes

text: that

text: the

text: web

text: browser

text: can

text: not

text: directly

text: handle

text: are

text: often

text: handed

text: off

text: to

text: another

text: application

text: entirely

text: For

text: example

text: mailto

text: URIs

text: are

text: usually

text: passed

text: to

text: the

text: user

text: 's

text: default

text: e

text: mail

text: application

text: and

text: news

text: URIs

text: are

text: passed

text: to

text: the

text: user

text: 's

text: default

text: newsgroup

text: reader

question: What does URL stand for?

answer: Uniform Resource Locator

text: Uniform Resource Locator

question: What is the determining factor in how a URL will be interpreted?

answer: The prefix of the URL

text: The prefix of the URL

question: What does http stand for?

answer: Hypertext Transfer Protocol

text: Hypertext Transfer Protocol

question: What does ftp stand for?

answer: File Transfer Protocol

text: File Transfer Protocol

question: A news: prefix is given to the user's what?

answer: default newsgroup reader

text: default newsgroup reader

question: What does the prefix of the default newsgroup reader determine?

text: how the URL will be interpreted

question: What does the most common form of local file start with?

text: http:

question: What does a common browser identify?

question: What happens to newsgroup readers the web browser can't handle directly?

question: Where are ftp's passed on to?

text: the user's default e-mail application


text: A handful of families owned large estates (known as haciendas) and controlled the greater part of the land across the state while the vast majority of Chihuahuans were landless. The state economy was largely defined by ranching and mining. At the expense of the working class, the Díaz administration promoted economic growth by encouraging investment from foreign companies from the United Kingdom, France, Imperial Germany and the United States. The proletariat was often exploited, and found no legal protection or political recourse to redress injustices.

title: Chihuahua_(state)

title: Chihuahua_(state

text: A

text: handful

text: of

text: families

text: owned

text: large

text: estates

text: known

text: as

text: haciendas

text: and

text: controlled

text: the

text: greater

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: land

text: across

text: the

text: state

text: while

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: Chihuahuans

text: were

text: landless

text: The

text: state

text: economy

text: was

text: largely

text: defined

text: by

text: ranching

text: and

text: mining

text: At

text: the

text: expense

text: of

text: the

text: working

text: class

text: the

text: Díaz

text: administration

text: promoted

text: economic

text: growth

text: by

text: encouraging

text: investment

text: from

text: foreign

text: companies

text: from

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: France

text: Imperial

text: Germany

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: The

text: proletariat

text: was

text: often

text: exploited

text: and

text: found

text: no

text: legal

text: protection

text: or

text: political

text: recourse

text: to

text: redress

text: injustices

question: The state's economy was largely defined by these two industries.

answer: ranching and mining

text: ranching and mining

question: Diaz promoted economic growth by encouraging investment from foreign companies at the expense of what group?

answer: working class

text: working class

question: What was the name of the large estates owned by wealthy families?

answer: haciendas

text: haciendas

question: This group was often exploited and had no legal protection or recourse.

answer: proletariat

text: proletariat


text: Jewish historians also note that certain customs of today's Orthodox are not continuations of past practice, but instead represent innovations that would have been unknown to prior generations. For example, the now-widespread haredi tradition of cutting a boy's hair for the first time on his third birthday (upshirin or upsheerin, Yiddish for "haircut") "originated as an Arab custom that parents cut a newborn boy's hair and burned it in a fire as a sacrifice," and "Jews in Palestine learned this custom from Arabs and adapted it to a special Jewish context." The Ashkenazi prohibition against eating kitniyot (grains and legumes such as rice, corn, beans, and peanuts) during Passover was explicitly rejected in the Talmud, has no known precedent before the 12th century and represented a minority position for hundreds of years thereafter, but nonetheless has remained a mandatory prohibition among Ashkenazi Orthodox Jews due to their historic adherence to the ReMA's rulings in the Shulchan Aruch.

title: Orthodox_Judaism

title: Orthodox_Judaism

text: Jewish

text: historians

text: also

text: note

text: that

text: certain

text: customs

text: of

text: today

text: 's

text: Orthodox

text: are

text: not

text: continuations

text: of

text: past

text: practice

text: but

text: instead

text: represent

text: innovations

text: that

text: would

text: have

text: been

text: unknown

text: to

text: prior

text: generations

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: now

text: widespread

text: haredi

text: tradition

text: of

text: cutting

text: a

text: boy

text: 's

text: hair

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: on

text: his

text: third

text: birthday

text: upshirin

text: or

text: upsheerin

text: Yiddish

text: for

text: haircut

text: originated

text: as

text: an

text: Arab

text: custom

text: that

text: parents

text: cut

text: a

text: newborn

text: boy

text: 's

text: hair

text: and

text: burned

text: it

text: in

text: a

text: fire

text: as

text: a

text: sacrifice

text: and

text: Jews

text: in

text: Palestine

text: learned

text: this

text: custom

text: from

text: Arabs

text: and

text: adapted

text: it

text: to

text: a

text: special

text: Jewish

text: context

text: The

text: Ashkenazi

text: prohibition

text: against

text: eating

text: kitniyot

text: grains

text: and

text: legumes

text: such

text: as

text: rice

text: corn

text: beans

text: and

text: peanuts

text: during

text: Passover

text: was

text: explicitly

text: rejected

text: in

text: the

text: Talmud

text: has

text: no

text: known

text: precedent

text: before

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: represented

text: a

text: minority

text: position

text: for

text: hundreds

text: of

text: years

text: thereafter

text: but

text: nonetheless

text: has

text: remained

text: a

text: mandatory

text: prohibition

text: among

text: Ashkenazi

text: Orthodox

text: Jews

text: due

text: to

text: their

text: historic

text: adherence

text: to

text: the

text: ReMA

text: 's

text: rulings

text: in

text: the

text: Shulchan

text: Aruch

question: When is a newborn boy's hair first cut?

answer: third birthday

text: third birthday

question: What is done with the newborn boy's hair once it is cut?

answer: burned

text: burned

question: What are grains and legumes known as?

answer: kitniyot

text: kitniyot

question: What is the name of the prohibition against eating grains and legumes during Passover?

answer: Ashkenazi

text: Ashkenazi

question: What text rejects the Ashkenazi prohibition against kitniyot?

answer: Talmud

text: Talmud

question: What do historians note are continuations of past practices?

text: certain customs

question: What do historians claim are practices of prior generations?

text: certain customs

question: Who's tradition is it to cut a boy's hair on his second birthday?

text: haredi

question: What is the Arabic word for haircut?

text: upshirin or upsheerin

question: Who allows the eating of kitniyot?

text: Ashkenazi


text: Teenager Sanjaya Malakar was the season's most talked-about contestant for his unusual hairdo, and for managing to survive elimination for many weeks due in part to the weblog Vote for the Worst and satellite radio personality Howard Stern, who both encouraged fans to vote for him. However, on April 18, Sanjaya was voted off.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: Teenager

text: Sanjaya

text: Malakar

text: was

text: the

text: season

text: 's

text: most

text: talked

text: about

text: contestant

text: for

text: his

text: unusual

text: hairdo

text: and

text: for

text: managing

text: to

text: survive

text: elimination

text: for

text: many

text: weeks

text: due

text: in

text: part

text: to

text: the

text: weblog

text: Vote

text: for

text: the

text: Worst

text: and

text: satellite

text: radio

text: personality

text: Howard

text: Stern

text: who

text: both

text: encouraged

text: fans

text: to

text: vote

text: for

text: him

text: However

text: on

text: April

text: Sanjaya

text: was

text: voted

text: off

question: Who was the most discussed singer in American Idols sixth season?

answer: Sanjaya Malakar

text: Sanjaya Malakar

question: What celebrity asked his fans to vote for Sanjaya Malakar on American Idol?

answer: Howard Stern

text: Howard Stern

question: What is the name of the blog that tried to rally votes for Sanjaya Malakar on American Idol?

answer: Vote for the Worst

text: Vote for the Worst

question: What date was Sanjaya Malakar eliminated on American Idol?

answer: April 18

text: April 18

question: What season six American Idol contestant was known for his strange hairstyles?

answer: Sanjaya Malakar

text: Sanjaya Malakar

question: Which contestant was talked about more than any other this season?

answer: Sanjaya Malakar

text: Sanjaya Malakar

question: What was the main reason Sanjaya garnered such attention?

answer: hair

text: hair

question: Which weblog helped Sanjaya survive elimination week over and over again?

answer: Vote for the Worst

text: Vote for the Worst

question: Which shock jock urged people to vote for Sanjaya?

answer: Howard Stern

text: Howard Stern

question: When was Sanjaya eliminated?

answer: April 18

text: April 18


text: The metaphysics in Mīmāṃsā school consists of both atheistic and theistic doctrines and the school showed little interest in systematic examination of the existence of God. Rather, it held that the soul is eternal omnipresent, inherently active spiritual essence, then focussed on the epistemology and metaphysics of dharma. To them, dharma meant rituals and duties, not devas (gods), because devas existed only in name. The Mīmāṃsākas held that the Vedas are "eternal authorless infallible", that Vedic vidhi (injunctions) and mantras in rituals are prescriptive karya (actions), and the rituals are of primary importance and merit. They considered the Upanishads and other self-knowledge, spirituality-related texts to be of secondary importance, a philosophical view that the Vedanta school disagreed with.

title: Hindu_philosophy

title: Hindu_philosophy

text: The

text: metaphysics

text: in

text: Mīmāṃsā

text: school

text: consists

text: of

text: both

text: atheistic

text: and

text: theistic

text: doctrines

text: and

text: the

text: school

text: showed

text: little

text: interest

text: in

text: systematic

text: examination

text: of

text: the

text: existence

text: of

text: God

text: Rather

text: it

text: held

text: that

text: the

text: soul

text: is

text: eternal

text: omnipresent

text: inherently

text: active

text: spiritual

text: essence

text: then

text: focussed

text: on

text: the

text: epistemology

text: and

text: metaphysics

text: of

text: dharma

text: To

text: them

text: dharma

text: meant

text: rituals

text: and

text: duties

text: not

text: devas

text: gods

text: because

text: devas

text: existed

text: only

text: in

text: name

text: The

text: Mīmāṃsākas

text: held

text: that

text: the

text: Vedas

text: are

text: eternal

text: authorless

text: infallible

text: that

text: Vedic

text: vidhi

text: injunctions

text: and

text: mantras

text: in

text: rituals

text: are

text: prescriptive

text: karya

text: actions

text: and

text: the

text: rituals

text: are

text: of

text: primary

text: importance

text: and

text: merit

text: They

text: considered

text: the

text: Upanishads

text: and

text: other

text: self

text: knowledge

text: spirituality

text: related

text: texts

text: to

text: be

text: of

text: secondary

text: importance

text: a

text: philosophical

text: view

text: that

text: the

text: Vedanta

text: school

text: disagreed

text: with

question: What type of doctrines are contained in the Mimamsa  school?

answer: atheistic and theistic

text: atheistic and theistic

question: How did the Mimamsa school view the soul?

answer: eternal

text: eternal

question: What was the focus of the Mimamsa school of philosophy?

answer: dharma

text: dharma

question: How did the Mimamsa school consider dharma?

answer: rituals and duties

text: rituals and duties

question: What school disagreed with the principles of the Mimamsa school?

answer: Vedanta school

text: Vedanta school

question: What type of doctrine does Mimamsa not have?

text: both atheistic and theistic

question: What school focuses on the existence of God?

text: Mīmāṃsā

question: Mimamsa rejected the epistemology and metaphysics of what?

text: dharma

question: What school agreed with the Mimamsa's understanding of Upanishads?

text: Vedanta

question: What did Mimamsakas consider as of equal importance as the rituals?

text: Upanishads


text: The Western emperor Gratian refused the office of pontifex maximus, and against the protests of the senate, removed the altar of Victory from the senate house and began the disestablishment of the Vestals. Theodosius I briefly re-united the Empire: in 391 he officially adopted Nicene Christianity as the Imperial religion and ended official support for all other creeds and cults. He not only refused to restore Victory to the senate-house, but extinguished the Sacred fire of the Vestals and vacated their temple: the senatorial protest was expressed in a letter by Quintus Aurelius Symmachus to the Western and Eastern emperors. Ambrose, the influential Bishop of Milan and future saint, wrote urging the rejection of Symmachus's request for tolerance. Yet Theodosius accepted comparison with Hercules and Jupiter as a living divinity in the panegyric of Pacatus, and despite his active dismantling of Rome's traditional cults and priesthoods could commend his heirs to its overwhelmingly Hellenic senate in traditional Hellenic terms.[clarification needed] He was the last emperor of both East and West.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: The

text: Western

text: emperor

text: Gratian

text: refused

text: the

text: office

text: of

text: pontifex

text: maximus

text: and

text: against

text: the

text: protests

text: of

text: the

text: senate

text: removed

text: the

text: altar

text: of

text: Victory

text: from

text: the

text: senate

text: house

text: and

text: began

text: the

text: disestablishment

text: of

text: the

text: Vestals

text: Theodosius

text: I

text: briefly

text: re

text: united

text: the

text: Empire

text: in

text: he

text: officially

text: adopted

text: Nicene

text: Christianity

text: as

text: the

text: Imperial

text: religion

text: and

text: ended

text: official

text: support

text: for

text: all

text: other

text: creeds

text: and

text: cults

text: He

text: not

text: only

text: refused

text: to

text: restore

text: Victory

text: to

text: the

text: senate

text: house

text: but

text: extinguished

text: the

text: Sacred

text: fire

text: of

text: the

text: Vestals

text: and

text: vacated

text: their

text: temple

text: the

text: senatorial

text: protest

text: was

text: expressed

text: in

text: a

text: letter

text: by

text: Quintus

text: Aurelius

text: Symmachus

text: to

text: the

text: Western

text: and

text: Eastern

text: emperors

text: Ambrose

text: the

text: influential

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Milan

text: and

text: future

text: saint

text: wrote

text: urging

text: the

text: rejection

text: of

text: Symmachus

text: 's

text: request

text: for

text: tolerance

text: Yet

text: Theodosius

text: accepted

text: comparison

text: with

text: Hercules

text: and

text: Jupiter

text: as

text: a

text: living

text: divinity

text: in

text: the

text: panegyric

text: of

text: Pacatus

text: and

text: despite

text: his

text: active

text: dismantling

text: of

text: Rome

text: 's

text: traditional

text: cults

text: and

text: priesthoods

text: could

text: commend

text: his

text: heirs

text: to

text: its

text: overwhelmingly

text: Hellenic

text: senate

text: in

text: traditional

text: Hellenic

text: terms.[clarification

text: needed

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: last

text: emperor

text: of

text: both

text: East

text: and

text: West

question: What office did Western emperor Gratian decline?

answer: pontifex maximus

text: pontifex maximus

question: What group did Gratian seek the abolish?

answer: Vestals

text: Vestals

question: Which emperor briefly united the empire again?

answer: Theodosius I

text: Theodosius I

question: What flame did Theodosius extinguish to remove the Vestals from power?

answer: Sacred fire

text: Sacred fire

question: Of what was Theodosius the last emperor?

answer: East and West

text: East and West


text: FC Barcelona's all-time highest goalscorer in all competitions (including friendlies) is Lionel Messi with 474 goals. Messi is also the all-time highest goalscorer for Barcelona in all official competitions, excluding friendlies, with 445 goals. He is the record goalscorer for Barcelona in European (82 goals) and international club competitions (90 goals), and the record league scorer with 305 goals in La Liga. Four players have managed to score over 100 league goals at Barcelona: Lionel Messi (305), César Rodríguez (192), László Kubala (131) and Samuel Eto'o (108).

title: FC_Barcelona

title: FC_Barcelona

text: FC

text: Barcelona

text: 's

text: all

text: time

text: highest

text: goalscorer

text: in

text: all

text: competitions

text: including

text: friendlies

text: is

text: Lionel

text: Messi

text: with

text: goals

text: Messi

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: all

text: time

text: highest

text: goalscorer

text: for

text: Barcelona

text: in

text: all

text: official

text: competitions

text: excluding

text: friendlies

text: with

text: goals

text: He

text: is

text: the

text: record

text: goalscorer

text: for

text: Barcelona

text: in

text: European

text: goals

text: and

text: international

text: club

text: competitions

text: goals

text: and

text: the

text: record

text: league

text: scorer

text: with

text: goals

text: in

text: La

text: Liga

text: Four

text: players

text: have

text: managed

text: to

text: score

text: over

text: league

text: goals

text: at

text: Barcelona

text: Lionel

text: Messi

text: César

text: Rodríguez

text: László

text: Kubala

text: and

text: Samuel

text: Eto'o

question: What is Lionel Messi's goal total in all competitions?

answer: 474

question: How many players on the Barelona team have scored over 100 goals?

answer: Four

text: Four

question: What is Messi's total goal scores in official competitions?

answer: 445

question: How many goals has Messi scored in La Liga competitions?

answer: 305

question: Who is the next highest goal scorer after Mess?

answer: César Rodríguez

text: César Rodríguez


text: As the Communist Party was outlawed in Yugoslavia starting on 30 December 1920, Josip Broz took on many assumed names during his activity within the Party, including "Rudi", "Walter", and "Tito." Broz himself explains:

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: As

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: was

text: outlawed

text: in

text: Yugoslavia

text: starting

text: on

text: December

text: Josip

text: Broz

text: took

text: on

text: many

text: assumed

text: names

text: during

text: his

text: activity

text: within

text: the

text: Party

text: including

text: Rudi

text: Walter

text: and

text: Tito

text: Broz

text: himself

text: explains

question: Starting in what year was the Communist Party outlawed in Yugoslavia?

answer: 1920

question: What party was outlawed in Yugoslavia in 1920?

answer: Communist

text: Communist

question: "Rudi", "Walter" and "Tito" are names that what person assumed?

answer: Josip Broz

text: Josip Broz

question: On what date in 1920 was the Communist party outlawed in Yugoslavia?

answer: 30 December

text: 30 December

question: What was Tito's former name?

answer: Josip Broz

text: Josip Broz


text: The word phonology (as in the phonology of English) can also refer to the phonological system (sound system) of a given language. This is one of the fundamental systems which a language is considered to comprise, like its syntax and its vocabulary.

title: Phonology

title: Phonology

text: The

text: word

text: phonology

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: phonology

text: of

text: English

text: can

text: also

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: phonological

text: system

text: sound

text: system

text: of

text: a

text: given

text: language

text: This

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: fundamental

text: systems

text: which

text: a

text: language

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: comprise

text: like

text: its

text: syntax

text: and

text: its

text: vocabulary

question: What part of a language can phonology as a word also refer to?

answer: the phonological system

text: the phonological system

question: What is another term for phonological system?

answer: sound system

text: sound system

question: Aside from syntax and the phonological system, what else comprises a language?

answer: vocabulary

text: vocabulary

question: What sort of language system is phonology?

answer: fundamental

text: fundamental

question: What part of a language can vocabulary as a word also refer to?

text: the phonological system

question: What is another term for vocabulary?

text: sound system

question: Aside from syntax and the phonological system what else comprises words?

text: vocabulary

question: What sort of language system is vocabulary?

text: fundamental

question: What is an example of vocabulary?

text: phonology of English


text: A bantam is a small variety of domestic chicken, either a miniature version of a member of a standard breed, or a "true bantam" with no larger counterpart. The name derives from the town of Bantam in Java where European sailors bought the local small chickens for their shipboard supplies. Bantams may be a quarter to a third of the size of standard birds and lay similarly small eggs. They are kept by small-holders and hobbyists for egg production, use as broody hens, ornamental purposes, and showing.

title: Poultry

title: Poultry

text: A

text: bantam

text: is

text: a

text: small

text: variety

text: of

text: domestic

text: chicken

text: either

text: a

text: miniature

text: version

text: of

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: a

text: standard

text: breed

text: or

text: a

text: true

text: bantam

text: with

text: no

text: larger

text: counterpart

text: The

text: name

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Bantam

text: in

text: Java

text: where

text: European

text: sailors

text: bought

text: the

text: local

text: small

text: chickens

text: for

text: their

text: shipboard

text: supplies

text: Bantams

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: quarter

text: to

text: a

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: standard

text: birds

text: and

text: lay

text: similarly

text: small

text: eggs

text: They

text: are

text: kept

text: by

text: small

text: holders

text: and

text: hobbyists

text: for

text: egg

text: production

text: use

text: as

text: broody

text: hens

text: ornamental

text: purposes

text: and

text: showing

question: What breed of chicken is named after a town in Java ?

answer: A bantam

text: A bantam

question: How are bantams different from other chickens?

answer: A bantam is a small variety of domestic chicken, either a miniature version of a member of a standard breed, or a "true bantam" with no larger counterpart

text: A bantam is a small variety of domestic chicken, either a miniature version of a member of a standard breed, or a "true bantam" with no larger counterpart

question: Do bantams lay regular sized eggs ?

answer: Bantams may be a quarter to a third of the size of standard birds and lay similarly small eggs

text: Bantams may be a quarter to a third of the size of standard birds and lay similarly small eggs

question: Where are bantams kept?

answer: kept by small-holders and hobbyists for egg production, use as broody hens, ornamental purposes, and showing.

text: kept by small-holders and hobbyists for egg production, use as broody hens, ornamental purposes, and showing.

question: What is the name for a small variety of European chicken?

text: bantam

question: What country is the town of Java located in?

text: Bantam

question: Domestic sailors bought small chickens for what?

text: shipboard supplies

question: What breed of worm is named after a town in Java?

text: A bantam

question: Why are bantams not considered an animal?

question: What bird is unable to lay eggs due to the small size?

text: Bantams

question: Where are bantams usually hidden?

question: What sailors disliked small chickens?

text: European sailors


text: In Du "Cubisme" Metzinger and Gleizes explicitly related the sense of time to multiple perspective, giving symbolic expression to the notion of ‘duration’ proposed by the philosopher Henri Bergson according to which life is subjectively experienced as a continuum, with the past flowing into the present and the present merging into the future. The Salon Cubists used the faceted treatment of solid and space and effects of multiple viewpoints to convey a physical and psychological sense of the fluidity of consciousness, blurring the distinctions between past, present and future. One of the major theoretical innovations made by the Salon Cubists, independently of Picasso and Braque, was that of simultaneity, drawing to greater or lesser extent on theories of Henri Poincaré, Ernst Mach, Charles Henry, Maurice Princet, and Henri Bergson. With simultaneity, the concept of separate spatial and temporal dimensions was comprehensively challenged. Linear perspective developed during the Renaissance was vacated. The subject matter was no longer considered from a specific point of view at a moment in time, but built following a selection of successive viewpoints, i.e., as if viewed simultaneously from numerous angles (and in multiple dimensions) with the eye free to roam from one to the other.

title: Cubism

title: Cubism

text: In

text: Du

text: Cubisme

text: Metzinger

text: and

text: Gleizes

text: explicitly

text: related

text: the

text: sense

text: of

text: time

text: to

text: multiple

text: perspective

text: giving

text: symbolic

text: expression

text: to

text: the

text: notion

text: of

text: duration’

text: proposed

text: by

text: the

text: philosopher

text: Henri

text: Bergson

text: according

text: to

text: which

text: life

text: is

text: subjectively

text: experienced

text: as

text: a

text: continuum

text: with

text: the

text: past

text: flowing

text: into

text: the

text: present

text: and

text: the

text: present

text: merging

text: into

text: the

text: future

text: The

text: Salon

text: Cubists

text: used

text: the

text: faceted

text: treatment

text: of

text: solid

text: and

text: space

text: and

text: effects

text: of

text: multiple

text: viewpoints

text: to

text: convey

text: a

text: physical

text: and

text: psychological

text: sense

text: of

text: the

text: fluidity

text: of

text: consciousness

text: blurring

text: the

text: distinctions

text: between

text: past

text: present

text: and

text: future

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: theoretical

text: innovations

text: made

text: by

text: the

text: Salon

text: Cubists

text: independently

text: of

text: Picasso

text: and

text: Braque

text: was

text: that

text: of

text: simultaneity

text: drawing

text: to

text: greater

text: or

text: lesser

text: extent

text: on

text: theories

text: of

text: Henri

text: Poincaré

text: Ernst

text: Mach

text: Charles

text: Henry

text: Maurice

text: Princet

text: and

text: Henri

text: Bergson

text: With

text: simultaneity

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: separate

text: spatial

text: and

text: temporal

text: dimensions

text: was

text: comprehensively

text: challenged

text: Linear

text: perspective

text: developed

text: during

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: was

text: vacated

text: The

text: subject

text: matter

text: was

text: no

text: longer

text: considered

text: from

text: a

text: specific

text: point

text: of

text: view

text: at

text: a

text: moment

text: in

text: time

text: but

text: built

text: following

text: a

text: selection

text: of

text: successive

text: viewpoints

text: i.e.

text: as

text: if

text: viewed

text: simultaneously

text: from

text: numerous

text: angles

text: and

text: in

text: multiple

text: dimensions

text: with

text: the

text: eye

text: free

text: to

text: roam

text: from

text: one

text: to

text: the

text: other

question: In Du Cubisme who so Metzinger and Gleizes  relate the sense of time to?

answer: Henri Bergson

text: Henri Bergson

question: The Cubist used what kind of treatment of space and time?

answer: The Salon Cubists

text: The Salon Cubists

question: In Du Cubisme who so Metzinger and Gleizes not relate the sense of time to?

text: Henri Bergson

question: The Cubist didn't use what kind of treatment of space and time?

question: What was not a symbolic expression?

question: What type of philosopher was Henri Bergson?

text: Salon Cubists


text: Scholars and historians are divided as to what event signals the end of the Hellenistic era. The Hellenistic period may be seen to end either with the final conquest of the Greek heartlands by Rome in 146 BC following the Achean War, with the final defeat of the Ptolemaic Kingdom at the Battle of Actium in 31 BC, or even the move by Roman emperor Constantine the Great of the capital of the Roman Empire to Constantinople in 330 AD. "Hellenistic" is distinguished from "Hellenic" in that the first encompasses the entire sphere of direct ancient Greek influence, while the latter refers to Greece itself.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: Scholars

text: and

text: historians

text: are

text: divided

text: as

text: to

text: what

text: event

text: signals

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: era

text: The

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: may

text: be

text: seen

text: to

text: end

text: either

text: with

text: the

text: final

text: conquest

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: heartlands

text: by

text: Rome

text: in

text: BC

text: following

text: the

text: Achean

text: War

text: with

text: the

text: final

text: defeat

text: of

text: the

text: Ptolemaic

text: Kingdom

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Actium

text: in

text: BC

text: or

text: even

text: the

text: move

text: by

text: Roman

text: emperor

text: Constantine

text: the

text: Great

text: of

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: to

text: Constantinople

text: in

text: AD

text: Hellenistic

text: is

text: distinguished

text: from

text: Hellenic

text: in

text: that

text: the

text: first

text: encompasses

text: the

text: entire

text: sphere

text: of

text: direct

text: ancient

text: Greek

text: influence

text: while

text: the

text: latter

text: refers

text: to

text: Greece

text: itself

question: When was the final defeat of the Ptolemaic Kingdom?

answer: 31 BC

text: 31 BC

question: Who was the Roman emporer?

answer: Constantine the Great

text: Constantine the Great

question: When did the capital of the Roman Empire move to Constantinople?

answer: 330 AD

text: 330 AD

question: What term defines the influence of Greek culture?

answer: Hellenistic

text: Hellenistic

question: Where did the Roman Empire move to in 330 AD?

answer: Constantinople

text: Constantinople


text: Neutering reduces problems caused by hypersexuality, especially in male dogs. Spayed female dogs are less likely to develop some forms of cancer, affecting mammary glands, ovaries, and other reproductive organs. However, neutering increases the risk of urinary incontinence in female dogs, and prostate cancer in males, as well as osteosarcoma, hemangiosarcoma, cruciate ligament rupture, obesity, and diabetes mellitus in either sex.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: Neutering

text: reduces

text: problems

text: caused

text: by

text: hypersexuality

text: especially

text: in

text: male

text: dogs

text: Spayed

text: female

text: dogs

text: are

text: less

text: likely

text: to

text: develop

text: some

text: forms

text: of

text: cancer

text: affecting

text: mammary

text: glands

text: ovaries

text: and

text: other

text: reproductive

text: organs

text: However

text: neutering

text: increases

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: urinary

text: incontinence

text: in

text: female

text: dogs

text: and

text: prostate

text: cancer

text: in

text: males

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: osteosarcoma

text: hemangiosarcoma

text: cruciate

text: ligament

text: rupture

text: obesity

text: and

text: diabetes

text: mellitus

text: in

text: either

text: sex

question: Hypersexual behavior in male dogs is diminished by what?

answer: Neutering

text: Neutering

question: According to the text, what is a possible side effect of neutering a female dog?

answer: urinary incontinence

text: urinary incontinence

question: Female dogs are less likely to develop cancer if what happens?

answer: Spayed

text: Spayed

question: What is increased in female dogs with neutering?

answer: urinary incontinence

text: urinary incontinence

question: What is increased in male dogs with neutering?

answer: prostate cancer

text: prostate cancer


text: Maximilian was deeply dissatisfied with General Bazaine's decision to abandon the state capital of Chihuahua and immediately ordered Agustín B. Billaut to recapture the city. On December 11, 1865, Billaut with a force of 500 men took control of the city. By January 31, 1866 Billaut was ordered to leave Chihuahua, but he left behind 500 men to maintain control. At the zenith of their power, the imperialist forces controlled all but four states in Mexico; the only states to maintain strong opposition to the French were: Guerrero, Chihuahua, Sonora, and Baja California.

title: Chihuahua_(state)

title: Chihuahua_(state

text: Maximilian

text: was

text: deeply

text: dissatisfied

text: with

text: General

text: Bazaine

text: 's

text: decision

text: to

text: abandon

text: the

text: state

text: capital

text: of

text: Chihuahua

text: and

text: immediately

text: ordered

text: Agustín

text: B.

text: Billaut

text: to

text: recapture

text: the

text: city

text: On

text: December

text: Billaut

text: with

text: a

text: force

text: of

text: men

text: took

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: By

text: January

text: Billaut

text: was

text: ordered

text: to

text: leave

text: Chihuahua

text: but

text: he

text: left

text: behind

text: men

text: to

text: maintain

text: control

text: At

text: the

text: zenith

text: of

text: their

text: power

text: the

text: imperialist

text: forces

text: controlled

text: all

text: but

text: four

text: states

text: in

text: Mexico

text: the

text: only

text: states

text: to

text: maintain

text: strong

text: opposition

text: to

text: the

text: French

text: were

text: Guerrero

text: Chihuahua

text: Sonora

text: and

text: Baja

text: California

question: Who was deeply dissatisfied with Bazaine's decision to abandon Chihuahua?

answer: Maximilian

text: Maximilian

question: How many men did Billaut have when he recaptured the city?

answer: 500

question: At its zenith, the imperialist forces controlled all but how many states in Mexico?

answer: four

text: four

question: Which four states opposed the French?

answer: Guerrero, Chihuahua, Sonora, and Baja California

text: Guerrero, Chihuahua, Sonora, and Baja California

question: In which year did Billaut capture Chihuahua?

answer: 1865


text: The 19th century brought new standards of accuracy and style. In regard to accuracy, observes J.M. Cohen, the policy became "the text, the whole text, and nothing but the text", except for any bawdy passages and the addition of copious explanatory footnotes. In regard to style, the Victorians' aim, achieved through far-reaching metaphrase (literality) or pseudo-metaphrase, was to constantly remind readers that they were reading a foreign classic. An exception was the outstanding translation in this period, Edward FitzGerald's Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam (1859), which achieved its Oriental flavor largely by using Persian names and discreet Biblical echoes and actually drew little of its material from the Persian original.

title: Translation

title: Translation

text: The

text: century

text: brought

text: new

text: standards

text: of

text: accuracy

text: and

text: style

text: In

text: regard

text: to

text: accuracy

text: observes

text: J.M.

text: Cohen

text: the

text: policy

text: became

text: the

text: text

text: the

text: whole

text: text

text: and

text: nothing

text: but

text: the

text: text

text: except

text: for

text: any

text: bawdy

text: passages

text: and

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: copious

text: explanatory

text: footnotes

text: In

text: regard

text: to

text: style

text: the

text: Victorians

text: aim

text: achieved

text: through

text: far

text: reaching

text: metaphrase

text: literality

text: or

text: pseudo

text: metaphrase

text: was

text: to

text: constantly

text: remind

text: readers

text: that

text: they

text: were

text: reading

text: a

text: foreign

text: classic

text: An

text: exception

text: was

text: the

text: outstanding

text: translation

text: in

text: this

text: period

text: Edward

text: FitzGerald

text: 's

text: Rubaiyat

text: of

text: Omar

text: Khayyam

text: which

text: achieved

text: its

text: Oriental

text: flavor

text: largely

text: by

text: using

text: Persian

text: names

text: and

text: discreet

text: Biblical

text: echoes

text: and

text: actually

text: drew

text: little

text: of

text: its

text: material

text: from

text: the

text: Persian

text: original

question: What new standards of translation came with the 19th century?

answer: accuracy and style

text: accuracy and style

question: Who observed that the policy became "the text, the whole text, and nothing but the text"?

answer: J.M. Cohen

text: J.M. Cohen

question: What sort of passages were still left out of the supposed "whole" text?

answer: bawdy

text: bawdy

question: What did the Victorians aim to remind the reader of their translations?

answer: that they were reading a foreign classic

text: that they were reading a foreign classic

question: How did the translation of Rubaiyat achieve an Oriental flavor?

answer: by using Persian names and discreet Biblical echoes

text: by using Persian names and discreet Biblical echoes

question: What banned standards of translation came with the 19th century?

text: accuracy and style

question: Who ignored that the policy became "the text, the whole text, and nothing but the text"?

text: J.M. Cohen

question: What sort of passages were left in the supposed "whole" text?

text: bawdy passages

question: What did the Victorians aim to remind the writer of in their translations?

question: How did the translation of Rubaiyat disregard an Oriental flavor?


text: Latency results from the methods used to encode and decode the data. Some codecs will analyze a longer segment of the data to optimize efficiency, and then code it in a manner that requires a larger segment of data at one time to decode. (Often codecs create segments called a "frame" to create discrete data segments for encoding and decoding.) The inherent latency of the coding algorithm can be critical; for example, when there is a two-way transmission of data, such as with a telephone conversation, significant delays may seriously degrade the perceived quality.

title: Data_compression

title: Data_compression

text: Latency

text: results

text: from

text: the

text: methods

text: used

text: to

text: encode

text: and

text: decode

text: the

text: data

text: Some

text: codecs

text: will

text: analyze

text: a

text: longer

text: segment

text: of

text: the

text: data

text: to

text: optimize

text: efficiency

text: and

text: then

text: code

text: it

text: in

text: a

text: manner

text: that

text: requires

text: a

text: larger

text: segment

text: of

text: data

text: at

text: one

text: time

text: to

text: decode

text: Often

text: codecs

text: create

text: segments

text: called

text: a

text: frame

text: to

text: create

text: discrete

text: data

text: segments

text: for

text: encoding

text: and

text: decoding

text: The

text: inherent

text: latency

text: of

text: the

text: coding

text: algorithm

text: can

text: be

text: critical

text: for

text: example

text: when

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: two

text: way

text: transmission

text: of

text: data

text: such

text: as

text: with

text: a

text: telephone

text: conversation

text: significant

text: delays

text: may

text: seriously

text: degrade

text: the

text: perceived

text: quality

question: What results from methods used to encode and decode data?

answer: Latency

text: Latency

question: What analyzes a statement of data to boost performance?

answer: codecs

text: codecs

question: What creates segments called a "frame"?

answer: codecs

text: codecs

question: What results from methods used to encode and decode delays?

text: Latency

question: What analyzes a statement of data to boost data segments?

text: codecs

question: What creates conversation called a "frame"?

text: codecs

question: What may seriously degrade the perceived segment of data?

text: delays

question: What has the purpose of creating discrete data segments for telephones?

text: a "frame"


text: A person can be exposed to uranium (or its radioactive daughters, such as radon) by inhaling dust in air or by ingesting contaminated water and food. The amount of uranium in air is usually very small; however, people who work in factories that process phosphate fertilizers, live near government facilities that made or tested nuclear weapons, live or work near a modern battlefield where depleted uranium weapons have been used, or live or work near a coal-fired power plant, facilities that mine or process uranium ore, or enrich uranium for reactor fuel, may have increased exposure to uranium. Houses or structures that are over uranium deposits (either natural or man-made slag deposits) may have an increased incidence of exposure to radon gas. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the permissible exposure limit for uranium exposure in the workplace as 0.25 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 0.2 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday and a short-term limit of 0.6 mg/m3. At levels of 10 mg/m3, uranium is immediately dangerous to life and health.

title: Uranium

title: Uranium

text: A

text: person

text: can

text: be

text: exposed

text: to

text: uranium

text: or

text: its

text: radioactive

text: daughters

text: such

text: as

text: radon

text: by

text: inhaling

text: dust

text: in

text: air

text: or

text: by

text: ingesting

text: contaminated

text: water

text: and

text: food

text: The

text: amount

text: of

text: uranium

text: in

text: air

text: is

text: usually

text: very

text: small

text: however

text: people

text: who

text: work

text: in

text: factories

text: that

text: process

text: phosphate

text: fertilizers

text: live

text: near

text: government

text: facilities

text: that

text: made

text: or

text: tested

text: nuclear

text: weapons

text: live

text: or

text: work

text: near

text: a

text: modern

text: battlefield

text: where

text: depleted

text: uranium

text: weapons

text: have

text: been

text: used

text: or

text: live

text: or

text: work

text: near

text: a

text: coal

text: fired

text: power

text: plant

text: facilities

text: that

text: mine

text: or

text: process

text: uranium

text: ore

text: or

text: enrich

text: uranium

text: for

text: reactor

text: fuel

text: may

text: have

text: increased

text: exposure

text: to

text: uranium

text: Houses

text: or

text: structures

text: that

text: are

text: over

text: uranium

text: deposits

text: either

text: natural

text: or

text: man

text: made

text: slag

text: deposits

text: may

text: have

text: an

text: increased

text: incidence

text: of

text: exposure

text: to

text: radon

text: gas

text: The

text: Occupational

text: Safety

text: and

text: Health

text: Administration

text: OSHA

text: has

text: set

text: the

text: permissible

text: exposure

text: limit

text: for

text: uranium

text: exposure

text: in

text: the

text: workplace

text: as

text: mg

text: over

text: an

text: workday

text: The

text: National

text: Institute

text: for

text: Occupational

text: Safety

text: and

text: Health

text: NIOSH

text: has

text: set

text: a

text: recommended

text: exposure

text: limit

text: REL

text: of

text: mg

text: over

text: an

text: workday

text: and

text: a

text: short

text: term

text: limit

text: of

text: mg

text: At

text: levels

text: of

text: mg

text: uranium

text: is

text: immediately

text: dangerous

text: to

text: life

text: and

text: health

question: What is OSHA?

answer: Occupational Safety and Health Administration

text: Occupational Safety and Health Administration

question: What is the OSHA uranium exposure limit for an 8-hour workday?

answer: 0.25 mg/m3

text: 0.25 mg/m3

question: What does REL stand for?

answer: recommended exposure limit

text: recommended exposure limit

question: What is the NIOSH uranium exposure standard over an 8-hour workday?

answer: 0.2 mg/m3

text: 0.2 mg/m3

question: At what level of exposure does uranium become imminently dangerous to health?

answer: 10 mg/m3

text: 10 mg/m3

question: What is OHSA?

question: What is the OSHA uranium exposure limit for an 9-hour workday?

text: 0.25 mg/m3

question: What doesn't REL stand for?

text: recommended exposure limit

question: What is the NIOSH plutonium exposure standard over an 8-hour workday?

text: 0.2 mg/m3

question: At what level of exposure doesn't uranium become imminently dangerous to health?

text: 10 mg/m3