text: However, some scholars contest the idea of a Proto-Euphratean language or one substrate language. It has been suggested by them and others, that the Sumerian language was originally that of the hunter and fisher peoples, who lived in the marshland and the Eastern Arabia littoral region, and were part of the Arabian bifacial culture. Reliable historical records begin much later; there are none in Sumer of any kind that have been dated before Enmebaragesi (c. 26th century BC). Professor Juris Zarins believes the Sumerians were settled along the coast of Eastern Arabia, today's Persian Gulf region, before it flooded at the end of the Ice Age.

title: Sumer

title: Sumer

text: However

text: some

text: scholars

text: contest

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: a

text: Proto

text: Euphratean

text: language

text: or

text: one

text: substrate

text: language

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: suggested

text: by

text: them

text: and

text: others

text: that

text: the

text: Sumerian

text: language

text: was

text: originally

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: hunter

text: and

text: fisher

text: peoples

text: who

text: lived

text: in

text: the

text: marshland

text: and

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Arabia

text: littoral

text: region

text: and

text: were

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Arabian

text: bifacial

text: culture

text: Reliable

text: historical

text: records

text: begin

text: much

text: later

text: there

text: are

text: in

text: Sumer

text: of

text: any

text: kind

text: that

text: have

text: been

text: dated

text: before

text: Enmebaragesi

text: c.

text: century

text: BC

text: Professor

text: Juris

text: Zarins

text: believes

text: the

text: Sumerians

text: were

text: settled

text: along

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: Eastern

text: Arabia

text: today

text: 's

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: region

text: before

text: it

text: flooded

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Ice

text: Age

question: Some scholars contest that there was only one what?

answer: substrate language

text: substrate language

question: Who do some scholars think the Sumerian language originally belonged to?

answer: hunter and fisher peoples

text: hunter and fisher peoples

question: Where did the original Sumerians live?

answer: marshland

text: marshland

question: What culture did the peoples who would be called Sumerian have a part in?

answer: Arabian bifacial

text: Arabian bifacial

question: When were the earliest historical records of Sumer?

answer: 26th century BC

text: 26th century BC

question: What language is believed to have started among nomadic people?

text: Sumerian

question: What people lived in river region of Arabia?

text: Sumerian

question: Who was king in the 2600's BC?

text: Enmebaragesi

question: Who believes the Sumerians lived in the area of modern Persia?

text: Professor Juris Zarins


text: Goodman's business strategy involved having his various magazines and comic books published by a number of corporations all operating out of the same office and with the same staff. One of these shell companies through which Timely Comics was published was named Marvel Comics by at least Marvel Mystery Comics #55 (May 1944). As well, some comics' covers, such as All Surprise Comics #12 (Winter 1946–47), were labeled "A Marvel Magazine" many years before Goodman would formally adopt the name in 1961.

title: Marvel_Comics

title: Marvel_Comics

text: Goodman

text: 's

text: business

text: strategy

text: involved

text: having

text: his

text: various

text: magazines

text: and

text: comic

text: books

text: published

text: by

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: corporations

text: all

text: operating

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: office

text: and

text: with

text: the

text: same

text: staff

text: One

text: of

text: these

text: shell

text: companies

text: through

text: which

text: Timely

text: Comics

text: was

text: published

text: was

text: named

text: Marvel

text: Comics

text: by

text: at

text: least

text: Marvel

text: Mystery

text: Comics

text: May

text: As

text: well

text: some

text: comics

text: covers

text: such

text: as

text: All

text: Surprise

text: Comics

text: Winter

text: were

text: labeled

text: A

text: Marvel

text: Magazine

text: many

text: years

text: before

text: Goodman

text: would

text: formally

text: adopt

text: the

text: name

text: in

question: Marvel Comics was part of many entities having what relationship with Timely?

answer: shell companies

text: shell companies

question: When were all of Goodman's comic entities officially put under the moniker of Marvel Comics?

answer: 1961

question: By what other name were some Marvel-related comic books published?

answer: "A Marvel Magazine"

text: "A Marvel Magazine"

question: Under what handle were Marvel's detective fiction comics published?

answer: Marvel Mystery Comics

text: Marvel Mystery Comics

question: When did Goodman begin partnering with shell companies?

question: What were the biggest danger to Goodman's business strategy?

text: shell companies

question: When were comics first published under the label Marvel Magazine?

question: When was the first Marvel Mystery Comic published?

text: May 1944

question: What was the first comic to be published after Goodman formally adopted the name Marvel Comics?

text: All Surprise Comics


text: Most cases are litigated in state courts and involve claims and defenses under state laws. In a 2012 report, the National Center for State Courts' Court Statistics Project found that state trial courts received 103.5 million newly filed cases in 2010, which consisted of 56.3 million traffic cases, 20.4 million criminal cases, 19.0 million civil cases, 5.9 million domestic relations cases, and 1.9 million juvenile cases. In 2010, state appellate courts received 272,795 new cases. By way of comparison, all federal district courts in 2010 together received only about 282,000 new civil cases, 77,000 new criminal cases, and 1.5 million bankruptcy cases, while federal appellate courts received 56,000 new cases.

title: Law_of_the_United_States

title: Law_of_the_United_States

text: Most

text: cases

text: are

text: litigated

text: in

text: state

text: courts

text: and

text: involve

text: claims

text: and

text: defenses

text: under

text: state

text: laws

text: In

text: a

text: report

text: the

text: National

text: Center

text: for

text: State

text: Courts

text: Court

text: Statistics

text: Project

text: found

text: that

text: state

text: trial

text: courts

text: received

text: million

text: newly

text: filed

text: cases

text: in

text: which

text: consisted

text: of

text: million

text: traffic

text: cases

text: million

text: criminal

text: cases

text: million

text: civil

text: cases

text: million

text: domestic

text: relations

text: cases

text: and

text: million

text: juvenile

text: cases

text: In

text: state

text: appellate

text: courts

text: received

text: new

text: cases

text: By

text: way

text: of

text: comparison

text: all

text: federal

text: district

text: courts

text: in

text: together

text: received

text: only

text: about

text: new

text: civil

text: cases

text: new

text: criminal

text: cases

text: and

text: million

text: bankruptcy

text: cases

text: while

text: federal

text: appellate

text: courts

text: received

text: new

text: cases

question: Where are cases usually argued?

answer: state courts

text: state courts

question: What types of cases are argued in the state courts?

answer: involve claims and defenses under state laws

text: involve claims and defenses under state laws

question: How many new cases were filed in 2010?

answer: 103.5 million

text: 103.5 million

question: How many cases did appellate courts receice in 2010?

answer: 272,795

question: What types of cases did federal district courts receive in 2010?

answer: 282,000 new civil cases, 77,000 new criminal cases, and 1.5 million bankruptcy cases

text: 282,000 new civil cases, 77,000 new criminal cases, and 1.5 million bankruptcy cases

question: How many new cases were filed in 2012?

text: 103.5 million

question: There were 20.4 million traffic cases in what year?

question: How many trial courts received domestic relations cases in 2010?

text: 5.9 million

question: What organization started in 2012?

question: How many civil cases did the federal district courts close in 2010?


text: Paris and its region host the headquarters of several international organisations including UNESCO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the International Chamber of Commerce, the Paris Club, the European Space Agency, the International Energy Agency, the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, the European Union Institute for Security Studies, the International Bureau of Weights and Measures, the International Exhibition Bureau and the International Federation for Human Rights.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: Paris

text: and

text: its

text: region

text: host

text: the

text: headquarters

text: of

text: several

text: international

text: organisations

text: including

text: UNESCO

text: the

text: Organisation

text: for

text: Economic

text: Co

text: operation

text: and

text: Development

text: the

text: International

text: Chamber

text: of

text: Commerce

text: the

text: Paris

text: Club

text: the

text: European

text: Space

text: Agency

text: the

text: International

text: Energy

text: Agency

text: the

text: Organisation

text: internationale

text: de

text: la

text: Francophonie

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Institute

text: for

text: Security

text: Studies

text: the

text: International

text: Bureau

text: of

text: Weights

text: and

text: Measures

text: the

text: International

text: Exhibition

text: Bureau

text: and

text: the

text: International

text: Federation

text: for

text: Human

text: Rights

question: Where is the headquarters for UNESCO?

answer: Paris

text: Paris

question: Where is the head quarters for the International Federation for Human Rights?

answer: Paris

text: Paris

question: Where is the head quarters for the European Space Agency?

answer: Paris

text: Paris


text: The United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), formerly the United Nations Fund for Population Activities, is a UN organization. The UNFPA says it "is the lead UN agency for delivering a world where every pregnancy is wanted, every childbirth is safe and every young person's potential is fulfilled."  Their work involves the improvement of reproductive health; including creation of national strategies and protocols, and providing supplies and services. The organization has recently been known for its worldwide campaign against obstetric fistula and female genital mutilation.

title: United_Nations_Population_Fund

title: United_Nations_Population_Fund

text: The

text: United

text: Nations

text: Population

text: Fund

text: UNFPA

text: formerly

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Fund

text: for

text: Population

text: Activities

text: is

text: a

text: UN

text: organization

text: The

text: UNFPA

text: says

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: lead

text: UN

text: agency

text: for

text: delivering

text: a

text: world

text: where

text: every

text: pregnancy

text: is

text: wanted

text: every

text: childbirth

text: is

text: safe

text: and

text: every

text: young

text: person

text: 's

text: potential

text: is

text: fulfilled

text: Their

text: work

text: involves

text: the

text: improvement

text: of

text: reproductive

text: health

text: including

text: creation

text: of

text: national

text: strategies

text: and

text: protocols

text: and

text: providing

text: supplies

text: and

text: services

text: The

text: organization

text: has

text: recently

text: been

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: worldwide

text: campaign

text: against

text: obstetric

text: fistula

text: and

text: female

text: genital

text: mutilation

question: What is the current name of the United Nations Fund for Population Activities?

answer: United Nations Population Fund

text: United Nations Population Fund

question: UNFPA's work concerns what general area?

answer: reproductive health

text: reproductive health

question: One of UNFPA's goals is to make all pregnancies what?

answer: wanted

text: wanted

question: Another of UNFPA's goals is to make all childbirths what?

answer: safe

text: safe

question: What, in addition to its work against obstetric fistula, is UNFPA campaigning against?

answer: female genital mutilation

text: female genital mutilation

question: What does UNFPA try to avoid?

text: reproductive health

question: What does UNFPA not provide?

text: supplies and services

question: Where has UNFPA been the most unknown recently?

text: worldwide

question: What local campaigns is UNFPA most involved with?


text: In addition to these popular examples of house, there has also been a reunification of contemporary house and its roots. Many hip hop and R&B artists also turn to house music to add a mass appeal to the music they produce.

title: House_music

title: House_music

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: these

text: popular

text: examples

text: of

text: house

text: there

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: a

text: reunification

text: of

text: contemporary

text: house

text: and

text: its

text: roots

text: Many

text: hip

text: hop

text: and

text: R&B

text: artists

text: also

text: turn

text: to

text: house

text: music

text: to

text: add

text: a

text: mass

text: appeal

text: to

text: the

text: music

text: they

text: produce

question: There has been a reunification of contemporary house with what?

answer: its roots

text: its roots

question: What genre of artists has recently turned to house music to add mass appeal?

answer: hip hop and R&B

text: hip hop and R&B

question: Why do many hip hop and R&B artists turn to house music?

answer: to add a mass appeal to the music they produce

text: to add a mass appeal to the music they produce

question: What has there been a reunification of contemporary mass with?

text: its roots

question: What genre of artists has recently turned to house music to add music roots?

text: hip hop and R&B

question: Why do many hip hop and R&B artists turn to roots?

question: What has there been a separation of?

text: contemporary house and its roots

question: Who turns to country music?

text: Many hip hop and R&B artists


text: Various owners leased it from royal landlords and the freehold was the subject of frenzied speculation during the 17th century. By then, the old village of Eye Cross had long since fallen into decay, and the area was mostly wasteland. Needing money, James I sold off part of the Crown freehold but retained part of the site on which he established a 4-acre (16,000 m2) mulberry garden for the production of silk. (This is at the northwest corner of today's palace.) Clement Walker in Anarchia Anglicana (1649) refers to "new-erected sodoms and spintries at the Mulberry Garden at S. James's"; this suggests it may have been a place of debauchery. Eventually, in the late 17th century, the freehold was inherited from the property tycoon Sir Hugh Audley by the great heiress Mary Davies.

title: Buckingham_Palace

title: Buckingham_Palace

text: Various

text: owners

text: leased

text: it

text: from

text: royal

text: landlords

text: and

text: the

text: freehold

text: was

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: frenzied

text: speculation

text: during

text: the

text: century

text: By

text: then

text: the

text: old

text: village

text: of

text: Eye

text: Cross

text: had

text: long

text: since

text: fallen

text: into

text: decay

text: and

text: the

text: area

text: was

text: mostly

text: wasteland

text: Needing

text: money

text: James

text: I

text: sold

text: off

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Crown

text: freehold

text: but

text: retained

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: site

text: on

text: which

text: he

text: established

text: a

text: mulberry

text: garden

text: for

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: silk

text: This

text: is

text: at

text: the

text: northwest

text: corner

text: of

text: today

text: 's

text: palace

text: Clement

text: Walker

text: in

text: Anarchia

text: Anglicana

text: refers

text: to

text: new

text: erected

text: sodoms

text: and

text: spintries

text: at

text: the

text: Mulberry

text: Garden

text: at

text: S.

text: James

text: 's

text: this

text: suggests

text: it

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: a

text: place

text: of

text: debauchery

text: Eventually

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: the

text: freehold

text: was

text: inherited

text: from

text: the

text: property

text: tycoon

text: Sir

text: Hugh

text: Audley

text: by

text: the

text: great

text: heiress

text: Mary

text: Davies

question: Which property tycoon inherited the property in the late 17th century?

answer: Sir Hugh Audley

text: Sir Hugh Audley

question: Which village had fallen into decay?

answer: Eye Cross

text: Eye Cross

question: Who established a mulberry garden on the property?

answer: James I

text: James I

question: What product did the mulberry garden produce?

answer: silk

text: silk

question: Who suggests that the mulberry garden is likely a place for debauchery?

answer: Clement Walker

text: Clement Walker

question: What about the palace was subject to speculation in the 17th century?

answer: the freehold

text: the freehold

question: Which village had fallen into decay but the 17th century?

answer: Eye Cross

text: Eye Cross

question: Who sold off part of the Crown Freehold?

answer: James I

text: James I

question: What type of garden did James I create?

answer: mulberry

text: mulberry

question: What did the mulberry garden produce?

answer: silk.

text: silk.

question: Which property tycoon inherited the property in the late 19th century?

text: Sir Hugh Audley

question: Which village had become overpopulated?

text: Eye Cross

question: Who destroyed a mulberry garden on the property?

text: James I

question: What product did the mulberry garden avoid?

text: silk

question: What about the palace was subject to speculation in the 15th century?

text: the freehold


text: Some bird species undertake shorter migrations, travelling only as far as is required to avoid bad weather or obtain food. Irruptive species such as the boreal finches are one such group and can commonly be found at a location in one year and absent the next. This type of migration is normally associated with food availability. Species may also travel shorter distances over part of their range, with individuals from higher latitudes travelling into the existing range of conspecifics; others undertake partial migrations, where only a fraction of the population, usually females and subdominant males, migrates. Partial migration can form a large percentage of the migration behaviour of birds in some regions; in Australia, surveys found that 44% of non-passerine birds and 32% of passerines were partially migratory. Altitudinal migration is a form of short distance migration in which birds spend the breeding season at higher altitudes elevations and move to lower ones during suboptimal conditions. It is most often triggered by temperature changes and usually occurs when the normal territories also become inhospitable due to lack of food. Some species may also be nomadic, holding no fixed territory and moving according to weather and food availability. Parrots as a family are overwhelmingly neither migratory nor sedentary but considered to either be dispersive, irruptive, nomadic or undertake small and irregular migrations.

title: Bird

title: Bird

text: Some

text: bird

text: species

text: undertake

text: shorter

text: migrations

text: travelling

text: only

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: is

text: required

text: to

text: avoid

text: bad

text: weather

text: or

text: obtain

text: food

text: Irruptive

text: species

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: boreal

text: finches

text: are

text: one

text: such

text: group

text: and

text: can

text: commonly

text: be

text: found

text: at

text: a

text: location

text: in

text: one

text: year

text: and

text: absent

text: the

text: next

text: This

text: type

text: of

text: migration

text: is

text: normally

text: associated

text: with

text: food

text: availability

text: Species

text: may

text: also

text: travel

text: shorter

text: distances

text: over

text: part

text: of

text: their

text: range

text: with

text: individuals

text: from

text: higher

text: latitudes

text: travelling

text: into

text: the

text: existing

text: range

text: of

text: conspecifics

text: others

text: undertake

text: partial

text: migrations

text: where

text: only

text: a

text: fraction

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: usually

text: females

text: and

text: subdominant

text: males

text: migrates

text: Partial

text: migration

text: can

text: form

text: a

text: large

text: percentage

text: of

text: the

text: migration

text: behaviour

text: of

text: birds

text: in

text: some

text: regions

text: in

text: Australia

text: surveys

text: found

text: that

text: of

text: non

text: passerine

text: birds

text: and

text: of

text: passerines

text: were

text: partially

text: migratory

text: Altitudinal

text: migration

text: is

text: a

text: form

text: of

text: short

text: distance

text: migration

text: in

text: which

text: birds

text: spend

text: the

text: breeding

text: season

text: at

text: higher

text: altitudes

text: elevations

text: and

text: move

text: to

text: lower

text: ones

text: during

text: suboptimal

text: conditions

text: It

text: is

text: most

text: often

text: triggered

text: by

text: temperature

text: changes

text: and

text: usually

text: occurs

text: when

text: the

text: normal

text: territories

text: also

text: become

text: inhospitable

text: due

text: to

text: lack

text: of

text: food

text: Some

text: species

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: nomadic

text: holding

text: no

text: fixed

text: territory

text: and

text: moving

text: according

text: to

text: weather

text: and

text: food

text: availability

text: Parrots

text: as

text: a

text: family

text: are

text: overwhelmingly

text: neither

text: migratory

text: nor

text: sedentary

text: but

text: considered

text: to

text: either

text: be

text: dispersive

text: irruptive

text: nomadic

text: or

text: undertake

text: small

text: and

text: irregular

text: migrations

question: In Australia, what percentage of non-passerine birds were partially migratory

answer: 44%

question: In Australia, what percentage of passerine birds were partially migratory

answer: 32%

question: What is most often triggered by temperature changes?

answer: Altitudinal migration

text: Altitudinal migration

question: Which family of birds are neither migratory or sedentary but considered to be dispersive, irruptive or nomadic?

answer: Parrots

text: Parrots


text: Southampton's police service is provided by Hampshire Constabulary. The main base of the Southampton operation is a new, eight storey purpose-built building which cost £30 million to construct. The building, located on Southern Road, opened in 2011 and is near to Southampton Central railway station. Previously, the central Southampton operation was located within the west wing of the Civic Centre, however the ageing facilities and the plans of constructing a new museum in the old police station and magistrates court necessitated the move. There are additional police stations at Portswood, Banister Park, Bitterne, and Shirley as well as a British Transport Police station at Southampton Central railway station.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: Southampton

text: 's

text: police

text: service

text: is

text: provided

text: by

text: Hampshire

text: Constabulary

text: The

text: main

text: base

text: of

text: the

text: Southampton

text: operation

text: is

text: a

text: new

text: eight

text: storey

text: purpose

text: built

text: building

text: which

text: cost

text: million

text: to

text: construct

text: The

text: building

text: located

text: on

text: Southern

text: Road

text: opened

text: in

text: and

text: is

text: near

text: to

text: Southampton

text: Central

text: railway

text: station

text: Previously

text: the

text: central

text: Southampton

text: operation

text: was

text: located

text: within

text: the

text: west

text: wing

text: of

text: the

text: Civic

text: Centre

text: however

text: the

text: ageing

text: facilities

text: and

text: the

text: plans

text: of

text: constructing

text: a

text: new

text: museum

text: in

text: the

text: old

text: police

text: station

text: and

text: magistrates

text: court

text: necessitated

text: the

text: move

text: There

text: are

text: additional

text: police

text: stations

text: at

text: Portswood

text: Banister

text: Park

text: Bitterne

text: and

text: Shirley

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: British

text: Transport

text: Police

text: station

text: at

text: Southampton

text: Central

text: railway

text: station

question: Who is responsible for policing Southampton?

answer: Hampshire Constabulary

text: Hampshire Constabulary

question: How much did it cost to build the operations base of Southampton's police service?

answer: £30 million

text: £30 million

question: On what street in Southampton is the police headquarters for the city?

answer: Southern Road

text: Southern Road

question: What year did the brand new, eight-story police headquarters open?

answer: 2011

question: What train station is close to the police force's building?

answer: Southampton Central

text: Southampton Central


text: By 1790, the Jewish population of Alsace was approximately 22,500, about 3% of the provincial population. They were highly segregated and subject to long-standing anti-Jewish regulations. They maintained their own customs, Yiddish language, and historic traditions within the tightly-knit ghettos; they adhered to Talmudic law enforced by their rabbis. Jews were barred from most cities and instead lived in villages. They concentrated in trade, services, and especially in money lending. They financed about a third of the mortgages in Alsace. Official tolerance grew during the French Revolution, with full emancipation in 1791. However, local antisemitism also increased and Napoleon turned hostile in 1806, imposing a one-year moratorium on all debts owed to Jews.[citation needed] In the 1830-1870 era most Jews moved to the cities, where they integrated and acculturated, as antisemitism sharply declined. By 1831, the state began paying salaries to official rabbis, and in 1846 a special legal oath for Jews was discontinued. Antisemitic local riots occasionally occurred, especially during the Revolution of 1848. Merger of Alsace into Germany in 1871-1918 lessened antisemitic violence.

title: Alsace

title: Alsace

text: By

text: the

text: Jewish

text: population

text: of

text: Alsace

text: was

text: approximately

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: provincial

text: population

text: They

text: were

text: highly

text: segregated

text: and

text: subject

text: to

text: long

text: standing

text: anti

text: Jewish

text: regulations

text: They

text: maintained

text: their

text: own

text: customs

text: Yiddish

text: language

text: and

text: historic

text: traditions

text: within

text: the

text: tightly

text: knit

text: ghettos

text: they

text: adhered

text: to

text: Talmudic

text: law

text: enforced

text: by

text: their

text: rabbis

text: Jews

text: were

text: barred

text: from

text: most

text: cities

text: and

text: instead

text: lived

text: in

text: villages

text: They

text: concentrated

text: in

text: trade

text: services

text: and

text: especially

text: in

text: money

text: lending

text: They

text: financed

text: about

text: a

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: mortgages

text: in

text: Alsace

text: Official

text: tolerance

text: grew

text: during

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: with

text: full

text: emancipation

text: in

text: However

text: local

text: antisemitism

text: also

text: increased

text: and

text: Napoleon

text: turned

text: hostile

text: in

text: imposing

text: a

text: one

text: year

text: moratorium

text: on

text: all

text: debts

text: owed

text: to

text: Jews.[citation

text: needed

text: In

text: the

text: era

text: most

text: Jews

text: moved

text: to

text: the

text: cities

text: where

text: they

text: integrated

text: and

text: acculturated

text: as

text: antisemitism

text: sharply

text: declined

text: By

text: the

text: state

text: began

text: paying

text: salaries

text: to

text: official

text: rabbis

text: and

text: in

text: a

text: special

text: legal

text: oath

text: for

text: Jews

text: was

text: discontinued

text: Antisemitic

text: local

text: riots

text: occasionally

text: occurred

text: especially

text: during

text: the

text: Revolution

text: of

text: Merger

text: of

text: Alsace

text: into

text: Germany

text: in

text: lessened

text: antisemitic

text: violence

question: What was the population of Alsace in 1790?

answer: 22,500

question: Jews were banned from cities in Alsace, where were they forced to settle?

answer: in villages

text: in villages

question: in 1791 Jews were granted what by the French?

answer: full emancipation

text: full emancipation

question: Which country was Alsace merged into during  1871-1918

answer: Germany

text: Germany

question: Who decreased antisemitism in 1806?

text: Napoleon

question: What was the Jewish population in 1831?

question: What percentage of the population was anti-Jewish in 1790?

question: Who did Alsace separate from in 1871?

text: Germany

question: What was the primary job of rabbis?


text: The specifics of Paleo-Indian migration to and throughout the Americas, including the exact dates and routes traveled, provide the subject of ongoing research and discussion. According to archaeological and genetic evidence, North and South America were the last continents in the world with human habitation. During the Wisconsin glaciation, 50–17,000 years ago, falling sea levels allowed people to move across the land bridge of Beringia that joined Siberia to north west North America (Alaska). Alaska was a glacial refugia because it had low snowfall, allowing a small population to exist. The Laurentide Ice Sheet covered most of North America, blocking nomadic inhabitants and confining them to Alaska (East Beringia) for thousands of years.

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

text: The

text: specifics

text: of

text: Paleo

text: Indian

text: migration

text: to

text: and

text: throughout

text: the

text: Americas

text: including

text: the

text: exact

text: dates

text: and

text: routes

text: traveled

text: provide

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: ongoing

text: research

text: and

text: discussion

text: According

text: to

text: archaeological

text: and

text: genetic

text: evidence

text: North

text: and

text: South

text: America

text: were

text: the

text: last

text: continents

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: human

text: habitation

text: During

text: the

text: Wisconsin

text: glaciation

text: years

text: ago

text: falling

text: sea

text: levels

text: allowed

text: people

text: to

text: move

text: across

text: the

text: land

text: bridge

text: of

text: Beringia

text: that

text: joined

text: Siberia

text: to

text: north

text: west

text: North

text: America

text: Alaska

text: Alaska

text: was

text: a

text: glacial

text: refugia

text: because

text: it

text: had

text: low

text: snowfall

text: allowing

text: a

text: small

text: population

text: to

text: exist

text: The

text: Laurentide

text: Ice

text: Sheet

text: covered

text: most

text: of

text: North

text: America

text: blocking

text: nomadic

text: inhabitants

text: and

text: confining

text: them

text: to

text: Alaska

text: East

text: Beringia

text: for

text: thousands

text: of

text: years

question: How Paleo-Indians migrated to the Americas is still a matter for what type of research?

answer: ongoing

text: ongoing

question: When did humans inhabit North and South America's continents?

answer: last

text: last

question: What allowed people to move across Beringia to North America?

answer: falling sea levels

text: falling sea levels

question: A small population could exist in Alaska because of it's lack of any significant what?

answer: snowfall

text: snowfall

question: What confined the nomadic inhabitants to East Beringia for thousands of years?

answer: Laurentide Ice Sheet

text: Laurentide Ice Sheet


text: Many ancient civilizations alloyed metals for purely aesthetic purposes. In ancient Egypt and Mycenae, gold was often alloyed with copper to produce red-gold, or iron to produce a bright burgundy-gold. Gold was often found alloyed with silver or other metals to produce various types of colored gold. These metals were also used to strengthen each other, for more practical purposes. Copper was often added to silver to make sterling silver, increasing its strength for use in dishes, silverware, and other practical items. Quite often, precious metals were alloyed with less valuable substances as a means to deceive buyers. Around 250 BC, Archimedes was commissioned by the king to find a way to check the purity of the gold in a crown, leading to the famous bath-house shouting of "Eureka!" upon the discovery of Archimedes' principle.

title: Alloy

title: Alloy

text: Many

text: ancient

text: civilizations

text: alloyed

text: metals

text: for

text: purely

text: aesthetic

text: purposes

text: In

text: ancient

text: Egypt

text: and

text: Mycenae

text: gold

text: was

text: often

text: alloyed

text: with

text: copper

text: to

text: produce

text: red

text: gold

text: or

text: iron

text: to

text: produce

text: a

text: bright

text: burgundy

text: gold

text: Gold

text: was

text: often

text: found

text: alloyed

text: with

text: silver

text: or

text: other

text: metals

text: to

text: produce

text: various

text: types

text: of

text: colored

text: gold

text: These

text: metals

text: were

text: also

text: used

text: to

text: strengthen

text: each

text: other

text: for

text: more

text: practical

text: purposes

text: Copper

text: was

text: often

text: added

text: to

text: silver

text: to

text: make

text: sterling

text: silver

text: increasing

text: its

text: strength

text: for

text: use

text: in

text: dishes

text: silverware

text: and

text: other

text: practical

text: items

text: Quite

text: often

text: precious

text: metals

text: were

text: alloyed

text: with

text: less

text: valuable

text: substances

text: as

text: a

text: means

text: to

text: deceive

text: buyers

text: Around

text: BC

text: Archimedes

text: was

text: commissioned

text: by

text: the

text: king

text: to

text: find

text: a

text: way

text: to

text: check

text: the

text: purity

text: of

text: the

text: gold

text: in

text: a

text: crown

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: famous

text: bath

text: house

text: shouting

text: of

text: Eureka

text: upon

text: the

text: discovery

text: of

text: Archimedes

text: principle

question: Ancient civilizations often alloyed metals for what reason?

answer: purely aesthetic purposes

text: purely aesthetic purposes

question: Red gold is made by combining gold with?

answer: copper

text: copper

question: Around what time was the Archimedes' principle discovered?

answer: 250 BC

text: 250 BC

question: Who shouted "Eureka!" while checking the purity of a crown?

answer: Archimedes

text: Archimedes

question: Buyers were often deceived when precious metals were mixed with?

answer: less valuable substances

text: less valuable substances

question: Who alloyed metals for utilitarian purposes?

text: ancient civilizations

question: What is produced when gold is alloyed with tin?

text: red-gold

question: Ten is often added to what to make sterling silver?

text: silver

question: Softer silver was used for what practical items?

text: dishes, silverware,

question: What was Archimedes commissioned to do in 250 A.D.?


text: To maintain a high constant body temperature is energy expensive – mammals therefore need a nutritious and plentiful diet. While the earliest mammals were probably predators, different species have since adapted to meet their dietary requirements in a variety of ways. Some eat other animals – this is a carnivorous diet (and includes insectivorous diets). Other mammals, called herbivores, eat plants. A herbivorous diet includes subtypes such as fruit-eating and grass-eating. An omnivore eats both prey and plants. Carnivorous mammals have a simple digestive tract, because the proteins, lipids, and minerals found in meat require little in the way of specialized digestion. Plants, on the other hand, contain complex carbohydrates, such as cellulose. The digestive tract of an herbivore is therefore host to bacteria that ferment these substances, and make them available for digestion. The bacteria are either housed in the multichambered stomach or in a large cecum. The size of an animal is also a factor in determining diet type. Since small mammals have a high ratio of heat-losing surface area to heat-generating volume, they tend to have high energy requirements and a high metabolic rate. Mammals that weigh less than about 18 oz (500 g) are mostly insectivorous because they cannot tolerate the slow, complex digestive process of a herbivore. Larger animals, on the other hand, generate more heat and less of this heat is lost. They can therefore tolerate either a slower collection process (those that prey on larger vertebrates) or a slower digestive process (herbivores). Furthermore, mammals that weigh more than 18 oz (500 g) usually cannot collect enough insects during their waking hours to sustain themselves. The only large insectivorous mammals are those that feed on huge colonies of insects (ants or termites).

title: Mammal

title: Mammal

text: To

text: maintain

text: a

text: high

text: constant

text: body

text: temperature

text: is

text: energy

text: expensive

text: mammals

text: therefore

text: need

text: a

text: nutritious

text: and

text: plentiful

text: diet

text: While

text: the

text: earliest

text: mammals

text: were

text: probably

text: predators

text: different

text: species

text: have

text: since

text: adapted

text: to

text: meet

text: their

text: dietary

text: requirements

text: in

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: ways

text: Some

text: eat

text: other

text: animals

text: this

text: is

text: a

text: carnivorous

text: diet

text: and

text: includes

text: insectivorous

text: diets

text: Other

text: mammals

text: called

text: herbivores

text: eat

text: plants

text: A

text: herbivorous

text: diet

text: includes

text: subtypes

text: such

text: as

text: fruit

text: eating

text: and

text: grass

text: eating

text: An

text: omnivore

text: eats

text: both

text: prey

text: and

text: plants

text: Carnivorous

text: mammals

text: have

text: a

text: simple

text: digestive

text: tract

text: because

text: the

text: proteins

text: lipids

text: and

text: minerals

text: found

text: in

text: meat

text: require

text: little

text: in

text: the

text: way

text: of

text: specialized

text: digestion

text: Plants

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: contain

text: complex

text: carbohydrates

text: such

text: as

text: cellulose

text: The

text: digestive

text: tract

text: of

text: an

text: herbivore

text: is

text: therefore

text: host

text: to

text: bacteria

text: that

text: ferment

text: these

text: substances

text: and

text: make

text: them

text: available

text: for

text: digestion

text: The

text: bacteria

text: are

text: either

text: housed

text: in

text: the

text: multichambered

text: stomach

text: or

text: in

text: a

text: large

text: cecum

text: The

text: size

text: of

text: an

text: animal

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: factor

text: in

text: determining

text: diet

text: type

text: Since

text: small

text: mammals

text: have

text: a

text: high

text: ratio

text: of

text: heat

text: losing

text: surface

text: area

text: to

text: heat

text: generating

text: volume

text: they

text: tend

text: to

text: have

text: high

text: energy

text: requirements

text: and

text: a

text: high

text: metabolic

text: rate

text: Mammals

text: that

text: weigh

text: less

text: than

text: about

text: oz

text: g

text: are

text: mostly

text: insectivorous

text: because

text: they

text: can

text: not

text: tolerate

text: the

text: slow

text: complex

text: digestive

text: process

text: of

text: a

text: herbivore

text: Larger

text: animals

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: generate

text: more

text: heat

text: and

text: less

text: of

text: this

text: heat

text: is

text: lost

text: They

text: can

text: therefore

text: tolerate

text: either

text: a

text: slower

text: collection

text: process

text: those

text: that

text: prey

text: on

text: larger

text: vertebrates

text: or

text: a

text: slower

text: digestive

text: process

text: herbivores

text: Furthermore

text: mammals

text: that

text: weigh

text: more

text: than

text: oz

text: g

text: usually

text: can

text: not

text: collect

text: enough

text: insects

text: during

text: their

text: waking

text: hours

text: to

text: sustain

text: themselves

text: The

text: only

text: large

text: insectivorous

text: mammals

text: are

text: those

text: that

text: feed

text: on

text: huge

text: colonies

text: of

text: insects

text: ants

text: or

text: termites

question: To be able to maintain a constant body temperature, what do mammals need to maintain?

answer: nutritious and plentiful diet

text: nutritious and plentiful diet

question: What does a omnivore imply?

answer: eats both prey and plants

text: eats both prey and plants

question: What do the majority of mammals under 18 oz eat?

answer: insects

text: insects

question: What determines a mammals diet type?

answer: The size

text: The size

question: What do herbivores use to maintain a high level of bacteria for digestion?

text: a nutritious and plentiful diet

question: What do herbivores have because they don't need specialized digestion?

text: a simple digestive tract

question: What is a factor that determines body temperature?

text: The size of an animal

question: What lives in an omnivores digestive tract?

text: bacteria

question: Where are bacteria for digestion housed in an omnivore?


text: In the following year, Bell became professor of Vocal Physiology and Elocution at the Boston University School of Oratory. During this period, he alternated between Boston and Brantford, spending summers in his Canadian home. At Boston University, Bell was "swept up" by the excitement engendered by the many scientists and inventors residing in the city. He continued his research in sound and endeavored to find a way to transmit musical notes and articulate speech, but although absorbed by his experiments, he found it difficult to devote enough time to experimentation. While days and evenings were occupied by his teaching and private classes, Bell began to stay awake late into the night, running experiment after experiment in rented facilities at his boarding house. Keeping "night owl" hours, he worried that his work would be discovered and took great pains to lock up his notebooks and laboratory equipment. Bell had a specially made table where he could place his notes and equipment inside a locking cover. Worse still, his health deteriorated as he suffered severe headaches. Returning to Boston in fall 1873, Bell made a fateful decision to concentrate on his experiments in sound.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: In

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: Bell

text: became

text: professor

text: of

text: Vocal

text: Physiology

text: and

text: Elocution

text: at

text: the

text: Boston

text: University

text: School

text: of

text: Oratory

text: During

text: this

text: period

text: he

text: alternated

text: between

text: Boston

text: and

text: Brantford

text: spending

text: summers

text: in

text: his

text: Canadian

text: home

text: At

text: Boston

text: University

text: Bell

text: was

text: swept

text: up

text: by

text: the

text: excitement

text: engendered

text: by

text: the

text: many

text: scientists

text: and

text: inventors

text: residing

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: He

text: continued

text: his

text: research

text: in

text: sound

text: and

text: endeavored

text: to

text: find

text: a

text: way

text: to

text: transmit

text: musical

text: notes

text: and

text: articulate

text: speech

text: but

text: although

text: absorbed

text: by

text: his

text: experiments

text: he

text: found

text: it

text: difficult

text: to

text: devote

text: enough

text: time

text: to

text: experimentation

text: While

text: days

text: and

text: evenings

text: were

text: occupied

text: by

text: his

text: teaching

text: and

text: private

text: classes

text: Bell

text: began

text: to

text: stay

text: awake

text: late

text: into

text: the

text: night

text: running

text: experiment

text: after

text: experiment

text: in

text: rented

text: facilities

text: at

text: his

text: boarding

text: house

text: Keeping

text: night

text: owl

text: hours

text: he

text: worried

text: that

text: his

text: work

text: would

text: be

text: discovered

text: and

text: took

text: great

text: pains

text: to

text: lock

text: up

text: his

text: notebooks

text: and

text: laboratory

text: equipment

text: Bell

text: had

text: a

text: specially

text: made

text: table

text: where

text: he

text: could

text: place

text: his

text: notes

text: and

text: equipment

text: inside

text: a

text: locking

text: cover

text: Worse

text: still

text: his

text: health

text: deteriorated

text: as

text: he

text: suffered

text: severe

text: headaches

text: Returning

text: to

text: Boston

text: in

text: fall

text: Bell

text: made

text: a

text: fateful

text: decision

text: to

text: concentrate

text: on

text: his

text: experiments

text: in

text: sound

question: With what school did Bell get his next teaching job?

answer: Boston University School of Oratory.

text: Boston University School of Oratory.

question: What was Bell's discipline?

answer: Vocal Physiology and Elocution

text: Vocal Physiology and Elocution

question: What did Bell do late at night?

answer: experiments

text: experiments

question: What health condition did Bell start to have?

answer: headaches

text: headaches

question: In what year did Bell start to focus on research into sound?

answer: 1873


text: Thailand: The April 18 relay through Bangkok was the Olympic flame's first visit to Thailand. The relay covered just over 10 km, and included Bangkok's Chinatown. The torch was carried past Democracy Monument, Chitralada Palace and a number of other city landmarks. M.R. Narisa Chakrabongse, Green World Foundation (GWF) chairwoman, withdrew from the torch-running ceremony, protesting against China's actions in Tibet. Several hundred protesters were present, along with Olympic supporters. Thai authorities threatened to arrest foreign protesters and ban them from future entry into Thailand. A coalition of Thai human rights groups announced that it would organise a "small demonstration" during the relay, and several hundred people did indeed take part in protests, facing Beijing supporters. Intended torchbearer Mom Rajawongse Narissara Chakrabongse boycotted the relay, to protest against China's actions in Tibet. In Bangkok, students told the media that the Chinese Embassy provided them with transportation and gave them shirts to wear.

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

text: Thailand

text: The

text: April

text: relay

text: through

text: Bangkok

text: was

text: the

text: Olympic

text: flame

text: 's

text: first

text: visit

text: to

text: Thailand

text: The

text: relay

text: covered

text: just

text: over

text: km

text: and

text: included

text: Bangkok

text: 's

text: Chinatown

text: The

text: torch

text: was

text: carried

text: past

text: Democracy

text: Monument

text: Chitralada

text: Palace

text: and

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: city

text: landmarks

text: M.R.

text: Narisa

text: Chakrabongse

text: Green

text: World

text: Foundation

text: GWF

text: chairwoman

text: withdrew

text: from

text: the

text: torch

text: running

text: ceremony

text: protesting

text: against

text: China

text: 's

text: actions

text: in

text: Tibet

text: Several

text: hundred

text: protesters

text: were

text: present

text: along

text: with

text: Olympic

text: supporters

text: Thai

text: authorities

text: threatened

text: to

text: arrest

text: foreign

text: protesters

text: and

text: ban

text: them

text: from

text: future

text: entry

text: into

text: Thailand

text: A

text: coalition

text: of

text: Thai

text: human

text: rights

text: groups

text: announced

text: that

text: it

text: would

text: organise

text: a

text: small

text: demonstration

text: during

text: the

text: relay

text: and

text: several

text: hundred

text: people

text: did

text: indeed

text: take

text: part

text: in

text: protests

text: facing

text: Beijing

text: supporters

text: Intended

text: torchbearer

text: Mom

text: Rajawongse

text: Narissara

text: Chakrabongse

text: boycotted

text: the

text: relay

text: to

text: protest

text: against

text: China

text: 's

text: actions

text: in

text: Tibet

text: In

text: Bangkok

text: students

text: told

text: the

text: media

text: that

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Embassy

text: provided

text: them

text: with

text: transportation

text: and

text: gave

text: them

text: shirts

text: to

text: wear

question: When did the Olympic torch reach Bangkok?

answer: April 18

text: April 18

question: Who is the Green World Foundation chairwoman who refused to participate in the relay?

answer: M.R. Narisa Chakrabongse

text: M.R. Narisa Chakrabongse

question: The media was told that the Chinese supplied with shirts and transportation?

answer: students

text: students

question: When did the torch go through Bankok?

answer: April 18

text: April 18

question: The relay route was a little over how many kilometers?

answer: 10

question: Who were told they would be banned from reentering Thailand?

answer: foreign protesters

text: foreign protesters

question: What scheduled bearer of the torch boycotted?

answer: Mom Rajawongse Narissara Chakrabongse

text: Mom Rajawongse Narissara Chakrabongse


text: The first satellite, BeiDou-1A, was launched on October 31, 2000. The second satellite, BeiDou-1B, was successfully launched on December 21, 2000. The last operational satellite of the constellation, BeiDou-1C, was launched on May 25, 2003.

title: BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System

title: BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System

text: The

text: first

text: satellite

text: was

text: launched

text: on

text: October

text: The

text: second

text: satellite

text: was

text: successfully

text: launched

text: on

text: December

text: The

text: last

text: operational

text: satellite

text: of

text: the

text: constellation

text: was

text: launched

text: on

text: May

question: When was the first satellite for the BeiDou-1 system launched?

answer: October 31, 2000

text: October 31, 2000

question: What was the first satellite for the BeiDou-1 system called?

answer: BeiDou-1A

question: When was the second satellite for the BeiDou-1 system launched?

answer: December 21, 2000

text: December 21, 2000

question: What was the second satellite for the BeiDou-1 system called?

answer: BeiDou-1B

question: When was the last satellite for the BeiDou-1 system launched?

answer: May 25, 2003

text: May 25, 2003

question: In what year was the fifth and final satellite launched?

question: In what month was the fourth and final satellite launched?

text: May

question: In what year was the first satellite, BeiDou-1C, launched?

question: In what month was the first satellite, BeiDou-1X, launched?

text: October

question: The second satellite was named BeiDou-12b and was launched in December of what year?


text: The local councils are responsible for providing the functions set out in the Local Government Act 1989 such as urban planning and waste management. Most other government services are provided or regulated by the Victorian state government, which governs from Parliament House in Spring Street. These include services which are associated with local government in other countries and include public transport, main roads, traffic control, policing, education above preschool level, health and planning of major infrastructure projects. The state government retains the right to override certain local government decisions, including urban planning, and Melburnian issues often feature prominently in state election.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: The

text: local

text: councils

text: are

text: responsible

text: for

text: providing

text: the

text: functions

text: set

text: out

text: in

text: the

text: Local

text: Government

text: Act

text: such

text: as

text: urban

text: planning

text: and

text: waste

text: management

text: Most

text: other

text: government

text: services

text: are

text: provided

text: or

text: regulated

text: by

text: the

text: Victorian

text: state

text: government

text: which

text: governs

text: from

text: Parliament

text: House

text: in

text: Spring

text: Street

text: These

text: include

text: services

text: which

text: are

text: associated

text: with

text: local

text: government

text: in

text: other

text: countries

text: and

text: include

text: public

text: transport

text: main

text: roads

text: traffic

text: control

text: policing

text: education

text: above

text: preschool

text: level

text: health

text: and

text: planning

text: of

text: major

text: infrastructure

text: projects

text: The

text: state

text: government

text: retains

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: override

text: certain

text: local

text: government

text: decisions

text: including

text: urban

text: planning

text: and

text: Melburnian

text: issues

text: often

text: feature

text: prominently

text: in

text: state

text: election

question: Which act sets functions for Melbourne such as urban planning and waste management?

answer: Local Government Act 1989

text: Local Government Act 1989

question: From where does the Victorian state government operate?

answer: Parliament House in Spring Street

text: Parliament House in Spring Street

question: Contrary to other countires, are public transport, traffic control, policing, and education the responsibility of local or state government?

answer: state government

text: state government


text: The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas possessions and trading posts established by England between the late 16th and early 18th centuries. At its height, it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power. By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people, one-fifth of the world's population at the time, and covered more than 13,000,000 sq mi (33,670,000 km2), almost a quarter of the Earth's total land area. As a result, its political, legal, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, the phrase "the empire on which the sun never sets" was often used to describe the British Empire, because its expanse around the globe meant that the sun was always shining on at least one of its territories.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: The

text: British

text: Empire

text: comprised

text: the

text: dominions

text: colonies

text: protectorates

text: mandates

text: and

text: other

text: territories

text: ruled

text: or

text: administered

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: It

text: originated

text: with

text: the

text: overseas

text: possessions

text: and

text: trading

text: posts

text: established

text: by

text: England

text: between

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: At

text: its

text: height

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: empire

text: in

text: history

text: and

text: for

text: over

text: a

text: century

text: was

text: the

text: foremost

text: global

text: power

text: By

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: held

text: sway

text: over

text: about

text: million

text: people

text: one

text: fifth

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: population

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: and

text: covered

text: more

text: than

text: sq

text: mi

text: almost

text: a

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: total

text: land

text: area

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: its

text: political

text: legal

text: linguistic

text: and

text: cultural

text: legacy

text: is

text: widespread

text: At

text: the

text: peak

text: of

text: its

text: power

text: the

text: phrase

text: the

text: empire

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: sun

text: never

text: sets

text: was

text: often

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: because

text: its

text: expanse

text: around

text: the

text: globe

text: meant

text: that

text: the

text: sun

text: was

text: always

text: shining

text: on

text: at

text: least

text: one

text: of

text: its

text: territories

question: The United Kingdom ruled what empire?

answer: British

text: British

question: Which empire was the largest in history, at its height?

answer: British

text: British

question: When did 458 million people live in the British Empire?

answer: 1922

question: How much of the world's population did the British Empire rule in 1922?

answer: one-fifth

text: one-fifth

question: How many square miles did the British Empire rule in 1922?

answer: 13,000,000


text: Contrary to popular belief, if placed properly and prepared-for, drums could be effectively used and heard on even the earliest jazz and military band recordings. The loudest instruments such as the drums and trumpets were positioned the farthest away from the collecting horn. Lillian Hardin Armstrong, a member of King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band, which recorded at Gennett Records in 1923, remembered that at first Oliver and his young second trumpet, Louis Armstrong, stood next to each other and Oliver's horn could not be heard. "They put Louis about fifteen feet over in the corner, looking all sad." For fading instrumental parts in and out while recording, some performers were placed on a moveable platform, which could draw the performer(s) nearer or further away as required.[citation needed]

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: Contrary

text: to

text: popular

text: belief

text: if

text: placed

text: properly

text: and

text: prepared

text: for

text: drums

text: could

text: be

text: effectively

text: used

text: and

text: heard

text: on

text: even

text: the

text: earliest

text: jazz

text: and

text: military

text: band

text: recordings

text: The

text: loudest

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: drums

text: and

text: trumpets

text: were

text: positioned

text: the

text: farthest

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: collecting

text: horn

text: Lillian

text: Hardin

text: Armstrong

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: King

text: Oliver

text: 's

text: Creole

text: Jazz

text: Band

text: which

text: recorded

text: at

text: Gennett

text: Records

text: in

text: remembered

text: that

text: at

text: first

text: Oliver

text: and

text: his

text: young

text: second

text: trumpet

text: Louis

text: Armstrong

text: stood

text: next

text: to

text: each

text: other

text: and

text: Oliver

text: 's

text: horn

text: could

text: not

text: be

text: heard

text: They

text: put

text: Louis

text: about

text: fifteen

text: feet

text: over

text: in

text: the

text: corner

text: looking

text: all

text: sad

text: For

text: fading

text: instrumental

text: parts

text: in

text: and

text: out

text: while

text: recording

text: some

text: performers

text: were

text: placed

text: on

text: a

text: moveable

text: platform

text: which

text: could

text: draw

text: the

text: performer(s

text: nearer

text: or

text: further

text: away

text: as

text: required.[citation

text: needed

question: What tool was used to improve sound quality in early recordings for special effects?

answer: moveable platform

text: moveable platform

question: Where were loud instruments best placed for good sound quality?

answer: farthest away from the collecting horn

text: farthest away from the collecting horn

question: How far away has a trumpeter been known to stand?

answer: fifteen feet

text: fifteen feet

question: Were drums heard on early jazz recordings?

answer: drums could be effectively used

text: drums could be effectively used

question: What was the item called that recorded the sounds?

answer: collecting horn

text: collecting horn


text: Outsourcing production to low wage countries like Bangladesh, China, India and Sri Lanka became possible when the Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) was abolished. The MFA, which placed quotas on textiles imports, was deemed a protectionist measure.[citation needed] Globalization is often quoted as the single most contributing factor to the poor working conditions of garment workers. Although many countries recognize treaties like the International Labor Organization, which attempt to set standards for worker safety and rights, many countries have made exceptions to certain parts of the treaties or failed to thoroughly enforce them. India for example has not ratified sections 87 and 92 of the treaty.[citation needed]

title: Clothing

title: Clothing

text: Outsourcing

text: production

text: to

text: low

text: wage

text: countries

text: like

text: Bangladesh

text: China

text: India

text: and

text: Sri

text: Lanka

text: became

text: possible

text: when

text: the

text: Multi

text: Fibre

text: Agreement

text: MFA

text: was

text: abolished

text: The

text: MFA

text: which

text: placed

text: quotas

text: on

text: textiles

text: imports

text: was

text: deemed

text: a

text: protectionist

text: measure.[citation

text: needed

text: Globalization

text: is

text: often

text: quoted

text: as

text: the

text: single

text: most

text: contributing

text: factor

text: to

text: the

text: poor

text: working

text: conditions

text: of

text: garment

text: workers

text: Although

text: many

text: countries

text: recognize

text: treaties

text: like

text: the

text: International

text: Labor

text: Organization

text: which

text: attempt

text: to

text: set

text: standards

text: for

text: worker

text: safety

text: and

text: rights

text: many

text: countries

text: have

text: made

text: exceptions

text: to

text: certain

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: treaties

text: or

text: failed

text: to

text: thoroughly

text: enforce

text: them

text: India

text: for

text: example

text: has

text: not

text: ratified

text: sections

text: and

text: of

text: the

text: treaty.[citation

text: needed

question: The abolishing of the MFA made what possible?

answer: Outsourcing production to low wage countries

text: Outsourcing production to low wage countries

question: What did the MFA put quotas on?

answer: textiles imports

text: textiles imports

question: What is often identified as the reason for less than ideal working conditions for garment workers?

answer: Globalization

text: Globalization

question: What treaty tries to set standards for worker safety and rights?

answer: the International Labor Organization

text: the International Labor Organization

question: What country has failed to ratify sections 87 and 92 of the ILO?

answer: India

text: India

question: Abolishing what stopped outsourcing to low-wage countries?

text: the Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA)

question: The MFA stop quotas on what?

text: textiles imports

question: Wh what is often quoted is contributing to improved working conditions?

text: Globalization

question: What treaty lowered standards for worker safety rights?

text: the International Labor Organization

question: India has ratified all sections of what treaty?

text: International Labor Organization,


text: The William Allen White School of Journalism and Mass Communications is recognized for its ability to prepare students to work in a variety of media when they graduate. The school offers two tracts of study: News and Information and Strategic Communication. This professional school teaches its students reporting for print, online and broadcast, strategic campaigning for PR and advertising, photojournalism and video reporting and editing. The J-School's students maintain various publications on campus, including The University Daily Kansan, Jayplay magazine, KUJH TV and KJHK radio. In 2008, the Fiske Guide to Colleges praised the KU J-School for its strength. In 2010, the School of Journalism and Mass Communications finished second at the prestigious Hearst Foundation national writing competition.

title: University_of_Kansas

title: University_of_Kansas

text: The

text: William

text: Allen

text: White

text: School

text: of

text: Journalism

text: and

text: Mass

text: Communications

text: is

text: recognized

text: for

text: its

text: ability

text: to

text: prepare

text: students

text: to

text: work

text: in

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: media

text: when

text: they

text: graduate

text: The

text: school

text: offers

text: two

text: tracts

text: of

text: study

text: News

text: and

text: Information

text: and

text: Strategic

text: Communication

text: This

text: professional

text: school

text: teaches

text: its

text: students

text: reporting

text: for

text: print

text: online

text: and

text: broadcast

text: strategic

text: campaigning

text: for

text: PR

text: and

text: advertising

text: photojournalism

text: and

text: video

text: reporting

text: and

text: editing

text: The

text: J

text: School

text: 's

text: students

text: maintain

text: various

text: publications

text: on

text: campus

text: including

text: The

text: University

text: Daily

text: Kansan

text: Jayplay

text: magazine

text: KUJH

text: TV

text: and

text: KJHK

text: radio

text: In

text: the

text: Fiske

text: Guide

text: to

text: Colleges

text: praised

text: the

text: KU

text: J

text: School

text: for

text: its

text: strength

text: In

text: the

text: School

text: of

text: Journalism

text: and

text: Mass

text: Communications

text: finished

text: second

text: at

text: the

text: prestigious

text: Hearst

text: Foundation

text: national

text: writing

text: competition

question: What is the full name of KU's journalism school?

answer: The William Allen White School of Journalism and Mass Communications

text: The William Allen White School of Journalism and Mass Communications

question: What are the two different programs offered at KU's Schoold of Journalism?

answer: News and Information and Strategic Communication

text: News and Information and Strategic Communication

question: What three types of media are students taught to work with at KU's School of Journalism?

answer: print, online and broadcast

text: print, online and broadcast

question: What is the name of a magazine published at KU?

answer: Jayplay magazine

text: Jayplay magazine

question: Who sponsors a contest for journalistic writing?

answer: Hearst Foundation

text: Hearst Foundation

question: What is the partial name of KU's journalism school?

question: What are the two different programs cancelled at KU's Schoold of Journalism?

question: What three types of media are students taught to ignore at KU's School of Journalism?

text: print, online and broadcast

question: What is the name of a magazine no longer published at KU?

text: Jayplay magazine

question: Who sponsors a contest for creative writing?

text: Hearst Foundation


text: During his tour on the guided missile frigate USS Gridley, Kerry requested duty in South Vietnam, listing as his first preference a position as the commander of a Fast Patrol Craft (PCF), also known as a "Swift boat." These 50-foot (15 m) boats have aluminum hulls and have little or no armor, but are heavily armed and rely on speed. "I didn't really want to get involved in the war", Kerry said in a book of Vietnam reminiscences published in 1986. "When I signed up for the swift boats, they had very little to do with the war. They were engaged in coastal patrolling and that's what I thought I was going to be doing." However, his second choice of billet was on a river patrol boat, or "PBR", which at the time was serving a more dangerous duty on the rivers of Vietnam.

title: John_Kerry

title: John_Kerry

text: During

text: his

text: tour

text: on

text: the

text: guided

text: missile

text: frigate

text: USS

text: Gridley

text: Kerry

text: requested

text: duty

text: in

text: South

text: Vietnam

text: listing

text: as

text: his

text: first

text: preference

text: a

text: position

text: as

text: the

text: commander

text: of

text: a

text: Fast

text: Patrol

text: Craft

text: PCF

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: a

text: Swift

text: boat

text: These

text: m

text: boats

text: have

text: aluminum

text: hulls

text: and

text: have

text: little

text: or

text: no

text: armor

text: but

text: are

text: heavily

text: armed

text: and

text: rely

text: on

text: speed

text: I

text: did

text: n't

text: really

text: want

text: to

text: get

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: war

text: Kerry

text: said

text: in

text: a

text: book

text: of

text: Vietnam

text: reminiscences

text: published

text: in

text: When

text: I

text: signed

text: up

text: for

text: the

text: swift

text: boats

text: they

text: had

text: very

text: little

text: to

text: do

text: with

text: the

text: war

text: They

text: were

text: engaged

text: in

text: coastal

text: patrolling

text: and

text: that

text: 's

text: what

text: I

text: thought

text: I

text: was

text: going

text: to

text: be

text: doing

text: However

text: his

text: second

text: choice

text: of

text: billet

text: was

text: on

text: a

text: river

text: patrol

text: boat

text: or

text: PBR

text: which

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: was

text: serving

text: a

text: more

text: dangerous

text: duty

text: on

text: the

text: rivers

text: of

text: Vietnam

question: When did Kerry publish his memories of Vietnam?

answer: 1986

question: What kind of ship was the USS Gridley?

answer: guided missile frigate

text: guided missile frigate

question: What was the formal name of 'swift boats'?

answer: Fast Patrol Craft

text: Fast Patrol Craft

question: How long were swift boats?

answer: 50-foot

question: What had Kerry expected the 'swift boats' to do?

answer: coastal patrolling

text: coastal patrolling


text: Asthma as a result of (or worsened by) workplace exposures, is a commonly reported occupational disease. Many cases however are not reported or recognized as such. It is estimated that 5–25% of asthma cases in adults are work–related. A few hundred different agents have been implicated with the most common being: isocyanates, grain and wood dust, colophony, soldering flux, latex, animals, and aldehydes. The employment associated with the highest risk of problems include: those who spray paint, bakers and those who process food, nurses, chemical workers, those who work with animals, welders, hairdressers and timber workers.

title: Asthma

title: Asthma

text: Asthma

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: or

text: worsened

text: by

text: workplace

text: exposures

text: is

text: a

text: commonly

text: reported

text: occupational

text: disease

text: Many

text: cases

text: however

text: are

text: not

text: reported

text: or

text: recognized

text: as

text: such

text: It

text: is

text: estimated

text: that

text: of

text: asthma

text: cases

text: in

text: adults

text: are

text: work

text: related

text: A

text: few

text: hundred

text: different

text: agents

text: have

text: been

text: implicated

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: being

text: isocyanates

text: grain

text: and

text: wood

text: dust

text: colophony

text: soldering

text: flux

text: latex

text: animals

text: and

text: aldehydes

text: The

text: employment

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: highest

text: risk

text: of

text: problems

text: include

text: those

text: who

text: spray

text: paint

text: bakers

text: and

text: those

text: who

text: process

text: food

text: nurses

text: chemical

text: workers

text: those

text: who

text: work

text: with

text: animals

text: welders

text: hairdressers

text: and

text: timber

text: workers

question: Asthma that is the result of or made worse by workplace exposure is reported as what?

answer: occupational disease

text: occupational disease

question: What percent of asthma cases in adults are work-related?

answer: It is estimated that 5–25%

text: It is estimated that 5–25%

question: What are some of the most common agents?

answer: isocyanates, grain and wood dust, colophony, soldering flux, latex, animals, and aldehydes

text: isocyanates, grain and wood dust, colophony, soldering flux, latex, animals, and aldehydes

question: What professions normally have the highest risk of problems?

answer: those who spray paint, bakers and those who process food, nurses, chemical workers, those who work with animals, welders, hairdressers and timber workers

text: those who spray paint, bakers and those who process food, nurses, chemical workers, those who work with animals, welders, hairdressers and timber workers

question: What is colophony commonly reported as when caused or made worse by workplace exposure?

text: occupational disease

question: What happens to many cases of colophony?

text: are not reported

question: How many adult colophony cases are work-related?

question: Name a few professions that have the highest risk of colophony?

question: What are two agents that are commonly believed to cause colophony?

text: animals, and aldehydes


text: During the early 2000s, the USAF fumbled several high profile aircraft procurement projects, such as the missteps on the KC-X program. Winslow Wheeler has written that this pattern represents "failures of intellect and – much more importantly – ethics." As a result, the USAF fleet is setting new records for average aircraft age and needs to replace its fleets of fighters, bombers, airborne tankers, and airborne warning aircraft, in an age of restrictive defense budgets. Finally in the midst of scandal and failure in maintaining its nuclear arsenal, the civilian and military leaders of the air force were replaced in 2008.

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: During

text: the

text: early

text: the

text: USAF

text: fumbled

text: several

text: high

text: profile

text: aircraft

text: procurement

text: projects

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: missteps

text: on

text: the

text: KC

text: X

text: program

text: Winslow

text: Wheeler

text: has

text: written

text: that

text: this

text: pattern

text: represents

text: failures

text: of

text: intellect

text: and

text: much

text: more

text: importantly

text: ethics

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: the

text: USAF

text: fleet

text: is

text: setting

text: new

text: records

text: for

text: average

text: aircraft

text: age

text: and

text: needs

text: to

text: replace

text: its

text: fleets

text: of

text: fighters

text: bombers

text: airborne

text: tankers

text: and

text: airborne

text: warning

text: aircraft

text: in

text: an

text: age

text: of

text: restrictive

text: defense

text: budgets

text: Finally

text: in

text: the

text: midst

text: of

text: scandal

text: and

text: failure

text: in

text: maintaining

text: its

text: nuclear

text: arsenal

text: the

text: civilian

text: and

text: military

text: leaders

text: of

text: the

text: air

text: force

text: were

text: replaced

text: in

question: When did the USAF have several missteps of aircraft procurement projects?

answer: early 2000s

text: early 2000s

question: Who wrote that these aircraft procurement projects were a failure of intellect and ethics?

answer: Winslow Wheeler

text: Winslow Wheeler

question: When were the military leaders replaced after a scandal over failure to maintain its nuclear arsenal?

answer: 2008


text: The growing likelihood of war in Europe dominated the early reign of George VI. The King was constitutionally bound to support Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain's appeasement of Hitler. However, when the King and Queen greeted Chamberlain on his return from negotiating the Munich Agreement in 1938, they invited him to appear on the balcony of Buckingham Palace with them. This public association of the monarchy with a politician was exceptional, as balcony appearances were traditionally restricted to the royal family. While broadly popular among the general public, Chamberlain's policy towards Hitler was the subject of some opposition in the House of Commons, which led historian John Grigg to describe the King's behaviour in associating himself so prominently with a politician as "the most unconstitutional act by a British sovereign in the present century".

title: George_VI

title: George_VI

text: The

text: growing

text: likelihood

text: of

text: war

text: in

text: Europe

text: dominated

text: the

text: early

text: reign

text: of

text: George

text: VI

text: The

text: King

text: was

text: constitutionally

text: bound

text: to

text: support

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: Neville

text: Chamberlain

text: 's

text: appeasement

text: of

text: Hitler

text: However

text: when

text: the

text: King

text: and

text: Queen

text: greeted

text: Chamberlain

text: on

text: his

text: return

text: from

text: negotiating

text: the

text: Munich

text: Agreement

text: in

text: they

text: invited

text: him

text: to

text: appear

text: on

text: the

text: balcony

text: of

text: Buckingham

text: Palace

text: with

text: them

text: This

text: public

text: association

text: of

text: the

text: monarchy

text: with

text: a

text: politician

text: was

text: exceptional

text: as

text: balcony

text: appearances

text: were

text: traditionally

text: restricted

text: to

text: the

text: royal

text: family

text: While

text: broadly

text: popular

text: among

text: the

text: general

text: public

text: Chamberlain

text: 's

text: policy

text: towards

text: Hitler

text: was

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: some

text: opposition

text: in

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Commons

text: which

text: led

text: historian

text: John

text: Grigg

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: King

text: 's

text: behaviour

text: in

text: associating

text: himself

text: so

text: prominently

text: with

text: a

text: politician

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: unconstitutional

text: act

text: by

text: a

text: British

text: sovereign

text: in

text: the

text: present

text: century

question: Which prime minister was the King constitutionally bound to support?

answer: Neville Chamberlain

text: Neville Chamberlain

question: Which agreement was signed in 1938?

answer: Munich Agreement

text: Munich Agreement

question: The balcony in which palace is famous for being where the royal family makes appearances?

answer: Buckingham Palace

text: Buckingham Palace

question: Which historian commented that the king's act in associating with Chamberlain as unconstitutional?

answer: John Grigg

text: John Grigg

question: In what year did  George IV reign begin?

question: What city is Buckingham Palace in?

text: Munich

question: In what year did the historian John Grigg accuse George VI of violating the constitution?

question: What was the House of Commons policy towards Hitler?

text: appeasement


text: The principal battles of the stalemate include the Battle of Bloody Ridge (18 August–15 September 1951), the Battle of the Punchbowl (31 August-21 September 1951), the Battle of Heartbreak Ridge (13 September–15 October 1951), the Battle of Old Baldy (26 June–4 August 1952), the Battle of White Horse (6–15 October 1952), the Battle of Triangle Hill (14 October–25 November 1952), the Battle of Hill Eerie (21 March–21 June 1952), the sieges of Outpost Harry (10–18 June 1953), the Battle of the Hook (28–29 May 1953), the Battle of Pork Chop Hill (23 March–16 July 1953), and the Battle of Kumsong (13–27 July 1953).

title: Korean_War

title: Korean_War

text: The

text: principal

text: battles

text: of

text: the

text: stalemate

text: include

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Bloody

text: Ridge

text: September

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: the

text: Punchbowl

text: September

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Heartbreak

text: Ridge

text: October

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Old

text: Baldy

text: August

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: White

text: Horse

text: October

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Triangle

text: Hill

text: November

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Hill

text: Eerie

text: June

text: the

text: sieges

text: of

text: Outpost

text: Harry

text: June

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: the

text: Hook

text: May

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Pork

text: Chop

text: Hill

text: July

text: and

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Kumsong

text: July

question: When was the Battle of White Horse?

answer: 6–15 October 1952

text: 6–15 October 1952

question: What year was the Battle of Bloody Ridge?

answer: 1951

question: What was the shortest of the major battles fought during the stalemate?

answer: the Battle of the Hook

text: the Battle of the Hook


text: The remaining band members recorded "Independent Women Part I", which appeared on the soundtrack to the 2000 film, Charlie's Angels. It became their best-charting single, topping the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart for eleven consecutive weeks. In early 2001, while Destiny's Child was completing their third album, Beyoncé landed a major role in the MTV made-for-television film, Carmen: A Hip Hopera, starring alongside American actor Mekhi Phifer. Set in Philadelphia, the film is a modern interpretation of the 19th century opera Carmen by French composer Georges Bizet. When the third album Survivor was released in May 2001, Luckett and Roberson filed a lawsuit claiming that the songs were aimed at them. The album debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard 200, with first-week sales of 663,000 copies sold. The album spawned other number-one hits, "Bootylicious" and the title track, "Survivor", the latter of which earned the group a Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals. After releasing their holiday album 8 Days of Christmas in October 2001, the group announced a hiatus to further pursue solo careers.

title: Beyoncé

title: Beyoncé

text: The

text: remaining

text: band

text: members

text: recorded

text: Independent

text: Women

text: Part

text: I

text: which

text: appeared

text: on

text: the

text: soundtrack

text: to

text: the

text: film

text: Charlie

text: 's

text: Angels

text: It

text: became

text: their

text: best

text: charting

text: single

text: topping

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: chart

text: for

text: eleven

text: consecutive

text: weeks

text: In

text: early

text: while

text: Destiny

text: 's

text: Child

text: was

text: completing

text: their

text: third

text: album

text: Beyoncé

text: landed

text: a

text: major

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: MTV

text: made

text: for

text: television

text: film

text: Carmen

text: A

text: Hip

text: Hopera

text: starring

text: alongside

text: American

text: actor

text: Mekhi

text: Phifer

text: Set

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: the

text: film

text: is

text: a

text: modern

text: interpretation

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: opera

text: Carmen

text: by

text: French

text: composer

text: Georges

text: Bizet

text: When

text: the

text: third

text: album

text: Survivor

text: was

text: released

text: in

text: May

text: Luckett

text: and

text: Roberson

text: filed

text: a

text: lawsuit

text: claiming

text: that

text: the

text: songs

text: were

text: aimed

text: at

text: them

text: The

text: album

text: debuted

text: at

text: number

text: one

text: on

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Billboard

text: with

text: first

text: week

text: sales

text: of

text: copies

text: sold

text: The

text: album

text: spawned

text: other

text: number

text: one

text: hits

text: Bootylicious

text: and

text: the

text: title

text: track

text: Survivor

text: the

text: latter

text: of

text: which

text: earned

text: the

text: group

text: a

text: Grammy

text: Award

text: for

text: Best

text: R&B

text: Performance

text: by

text: a

text: Duo

text: or

text: Group

text: with

text: Vocals

text: After

text: releasing

text: their

text: holiday

text: album

text: Days

text: of

text: Christmas

text: in

text: October

text: the

text: group

text: announced

text: a

text: hiatus

text: to

text: further

text: pursue

text: solo

text: careers

question: "Charlie's Angels" featured which single from the band members?

answer: Independent Women Part I

text: Independent Women Part I

question: How many weeks did their single "Independent Women Part I" stay on top?

answer: eleven

text: eleven

question: For what network, did Beyonce land a major movie role in?

answer: MTV

text: MTV

question: Their third album, Survivor, sold how many during its first week?

answer: 663,000 copies

text: 663,000 copies

question: What French composer wrote the original opera ''Carmen'' in the 19th century?

answer: Georges Bizet

text: Georges Bizet

question: What album caused a lawsuit to be filed in 2001?

answer: Survivor

text: Survivor

question: Independent Women Part I was on which 2000 film's soundtrack?

answer: Charlie's Angels.

text: Charlie's Angels.

question: Which film did Beyoncé star in 2001 with Mekhi Phifer?

answer: Carmen: A Hip Hopera

text: Carmen: A Hip Hopera

question: What was the name of Destiny Child's third album?

answer: Survivor

text: Survivor

question: Who filed a lawsuit over Survivor?

answer: Luckett and Roberson

text: Luckett and Roberson

question: When did Destiny's Child announce their hiatus?

answer: October 2001

text: October 2001


text: In countries like Iran, Finland, Malaysia, Portugal, Singapore or the United Kingdom, there is often a significant and confused distinction between polytechnics and universities. In the UK a binary system of higher education emerged consisting of universities (research orientation) and Polytechnics (engineering and applied science and professional practice orientation). Polytechnics offered university equivalent degrees from bachelor's, master's and PhD that were validated and governed at the national level by the independent UK Council for National Academic Awards. In 1992 UK Polytechnics were designated as universities which meant they could award their own degrees. The CNAA was disbanded. The UK's first polytechnic, the Royal Polytechnic Institution (now the University of Westminster) was founded in 1838 in Regent Street, London. In Ireland the term institute of technology is the more favored synonym of a regional technical college though the latter is the legally correct term; however, Dublin Institute of Technology is a university in all but name as it can confer degrees in accordance with law, Cork Institute of Technology and another of other Institutes of Technology have delegated authority from HETAC to make awards to and including master's degree level—Level 9 of the National Framework for Qualifications (NFQ)—for all areas of study and Doctorate level in a number of others.

title: Institute_of_technology

title: Institute_of_technology

text: In

text: countries

text: like

text: Iran

text: Finland

text: Malaysia

text: Portugal

text: Singapore

text: or

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: there

text: is

text: often

text: a

text: significant

text: and

text: confused

text: distinction

text: between

text: polytechnics

text: and

text: universities

text: In

text: the

text: UK

text: a

text: binary

text: system

text: of

text: higher

text: education

text: emerged

text: consisting

text: of

text: universities

text: research

text: orientation

text: and

text: Polytechnics

text: engineering

text: and

text: applied

text: science

text: and

text: professional

text: practice

text: orientation

text: Polytechnics

text: offered

text: university

text: equivalent

text: degrees

text: from

text: bachelor

text: 's

text: master

text: 's

text: and

text: PhD

text: that

text: were

text: validated

text: and

text: governed

text: at

text: the

text: national

text: level

text: by

text: the

text: independent

text: UK

text: Council

text: for

text: National

text: Academic

text: Awards

text: In

text: UK

text: Polytechnics

text: were

text: designated

text: as

text: universities

text: which

text: meant

text: they

text: could

text: award

text: their

text: own

text: degrees

text: The

text: CNAA

text: was

text: disbanded

text: The

text: UK

text: 's

text: first

text: polytechnic

text: the

text: Royal

text: Polytechnic

text: Institution

text: now

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Westminster

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: in

text: Regent

text: Street

text: London

text: In

text: Ireland

text: the

text: term

text: institute

text: of

text: technology

text: is

text: the

text: more

text: favored

text: synonym

text: of

text: a

text: regional

text: technical

text: college

text: though

text: the

text: latter

text: is

text: the

text: legally

text: correct

text: term

text: however

text: Dublin

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: is

text: a

text: university

text: in

text: all

text: but

text: name

text: as

text: it

text: can

text: confer

text: degrees

text: in

text: accordance

text: with

text: law

text: Cork

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: and

text: another

text: of

text: other

text: Institutes

text: of

text: Technology

text: have

text: delegated

text: authority

text: from

text: HETAC

text: to

text: make

text: awards

text: to

text: and

text: including

text: master

text: 's

text: degree

text: level

text: Level

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Framework

text: for

text: Qualifications

text: NFQ)—for

text: all

text: areas

text: of

text: study

text: and

text: Doctorate

text: level

text: in

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: others

question: In what year were polytechnics in the UK given the university designation?

answer: 1992

question: What is the name of the Royal Polytechnic Institution now?

answer: University of Westminster

text: University of Westminster

question: What street is the University of Westminster on?

answer: Regent Street

text: Regent Street