text: General Electric heavily contaminated the Hudson River with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) between 1947-77. This pollution caused a range of harmful effects to wildlife and people who eat fish from the river or drink the water. In response to this contamination, activists protested in various ways. Musician Pete Seeger founded the Hudson River Sloop Clearwater and the Clearwater Festival to draw attention to the problem. The activism led to the site being designated by the EPA as one of the superfund sites requiring extensive cleanup. Other sources of pollution, including mercury contamination and sewage dumping, have also contributed to problems in the Hudson River watershed.

title: General_Electric

title: General_Electric

text: General

text: Electric

text: heavily

text: contaminated

text: the

text: Hudson

text: River

text: with

text: polychlorinated

text: biphenyls

text: PCBs

text: between

text: This

text: pollution

text: caused

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: harmful

text: effects

text: to

text: wildlife

text: and

text: people

text: who

text: eat

text: fish

text: from

text: the

text: river

text: or

text: drink

text: the

text: water

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: this

text: contamination

text: activists

text: protested

text: in

text: various

text: ways

text: Musician

text: Pete

text: Seeger

text: founded

text: the

text: Hudson

text: River

text: Sloop

text: Clearwater

text: and

text: the

text: Clearwater

text: Festival

text: to

text: draw

text: attention

text: to

text: the

text: problem

text: The

text: activism

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: site

text: being

text: designated

text: by

text: the

text: EPA

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: superfund

text: sites

text: requiring

text: extensive

text: cleanup

text: Other

text: sources

text: of

text: pollution

text: including

text: mercury

text: contamination

text: and

text: sewage

text: dumping

text: have

text: also

text: contributed

text: to

text: problems

text: in

text: the

text: Hudson

text: River

text: watershed

question: In what time period did GE pollute the Hudson River with PCBs?

answer: 1947-77

question: Who founded the Hudson River Sloop Clearwater and the Clearwater Festival to bring attention to the pollution caused by GE?

answer: Pete Seeger

text: Pete Seeger

question: What does PCB stand for?

answer: polychlorinated biphenyls

text: polychlorinated biphenyls

question: What designation did the EPA give to the site of GE's Hudson River pollution

answer: superfund

text: superfund

question: What other types of pollution have contaminated the Hudson River watershed?

answer: mercury contamination and sewage dumping

text: mercury contamination and sewage dumping

question: In what year did Pete Seeger found the Hudson River Sloop Clearwater?

question: In what year did the EPA designate GE's plant on the Hudson River as a superfund site?

question: In what year was musician Peter Singer born?

question: In what year did GE start polluting the Hudson River with mercury?

question: In what year did sewage dumping in the Hudson River become a problem?


text: USB data is transmitted by toggling the data lines between the J state and the opposite K state. USB encodes data using the NRZI line coding; a 0 bit is transmitted by toggling the data lines from J to K or vice versa, while a 1 bit is transmitted by leaving the data lines as-is. To ensure a minimum density of signal transitions remains in the bitstream, USB uses bit stuffing; an extra 0 bit is inserted into the data stream after any appearance of six consecutive 1 bits. Seven consecutive received 1 bits is always an error. USB 3.0 has introduced additional data transmission encodings.

title: USB

title: USB

text: USB

text: data

text: is

text: transmitted

text: by

text: toggling

text: the

text: data

text: lines

text: between

text: the

text: J

text: state

text: and

text: the

text: opposite

text: K

text: state

text: USB

text: encodes

text: data

text: using

text: the

text: NRZI

text: line

text: coding

text: a

text: bit

text: is

text: transmitted

text: by

text: toggling

text: the

text: data

text: lines

text: from

text: J

text: to

text: K

text: or

text: vice

text: versa

text: while

text: a

text: bit

text: is

text: transmitted

text: by

text: leaving

text: the

text: data

text: lines

text: as

text: is

text: To

text: ensure

text: a

text: minimum

text: density

text: of

text: signal

text: transitions

text: remains

text: in

text: the

text: bitstream

text: USB

text: uses

text: bit

text: stuffing

text: an

text: extra

text: bit

text: is

text: inserted

text: into

text: the

text: data

text: stream

text: after

text: any

text: appearance

text: of

text: six

text: consecutive

text: bits

text: Seven

text: consecutive

text: received

text: bits

text: is

text: always

text: an

text: error

text: USB

text: has

text: introduced

text: additional

text: data

text: transmission

text: encodings

question: How is the USB data transmitted?

answer: by toggling the data lines between the J state and the opposite K state

text: by toggling the data lines between the J state and the opposite K state

question: What does USB use to encode data?

answer: the NRZI line coding

text: the NRZI line coding

question: To ensure a minimum density of signal transitions  remains in the bitsream, what does USB use?

answer: bit stuffing

text: bit stuffing


text: Several studies have suggested that DST increases motor fuel consumption. The 2008 DOE report found no significant increase in motor gasoline consumption due to the 2007 United States extension of DST.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: Several

text: studies

text: have

text: suggested

text: that

text: DST

text: increases

text: motor

text: fuel

text: consumption

text: The

text: DOE

text: report

text: found

text: no

text: significant

text: increase

text: in

text: motor

text: gasoline

text: consumption

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: extension

text: of

text: DST

question: Have studies shown DST generally increases or reduces gas consumption from cars?

answer: increases

text: increases

question: What year was the DOE report about fuel consumption published?

answer: 2008

question: What happened regarding DST in 2007 in the United States that probably led to the DOE investigation?

answer: extension of DST

text: extension of DST


text: Drawing from his own experiences in Scouting, Spielberg helped the Boy Scouts of America develop a merit badge in cinematography in order to help promote filmmaking as a marketable skill. The badge was launched at the 1989 National Scout Jamboree, which Spielberg attended, and where he personally counseled many boys in their work on requirements. That same year, 1989, saw the release of Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade. The opening scene shows a teenage Indiana Jones in scout uniform bearing the rank of a Life Scout. Spielberg stated he made Indiana Jones a Boy Scout in honor of his experience in Scouting. For his career accomplishments, service to others, and dedication to a new merit badge Spielberg was awarded the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award.

title: Steven_Spielberg

title: Steven_Spielberg

text: Drawing

text: from

text: his

text: own

text: experiences

text: in

text: Scouting

text: Spielberg

text: helped

text: the

text: Boy

text: Scouts

text: of

text: America

text: develop

text: a

text: merit

text: badge

text: in

text: cinematography

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: help

text: promote

text: filmmaking

text: as

text: a

text: marketable

text: skill

text: The

text: badge

text: was

text: launched

text: at

text: the

text: National

text: Scout

text: Jamboree

text: which

text: Spielberg

text: attended

text: and

text: where

text: he

text: personally

text: counseled

text: many

text: boys

text: in

text: their

text: work

text: on

text: requirements

text: That

text: same

text: year

text: saw

text: the

text: release

text: of

text: Indiana

text: Jones

text: and

text: the

text: Last

text: Crusade

text: The

text: opening

text: scene

text: shows

text: a

text: teenage

text: Indiana

text: Jones

text: in

text: scout

text: uniform

text: bearing

text: the

text: rank

text: of

text: a

text: Life

text: Scout

text: Spielberg

text: stated

text: he

text: made

text: Indiana

text: Jones

text: a

text: Boy

text: Scout

text: in

text: honor

text: of

text: his

text: experience

text: in

text: Scouting

text: For

text: his

text: career

text: accomplishments

text: service

text: to

text: others

text: and

text: dedication

text: to

text: a

text: new

text: merit

text: badge

text: Spielberg

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: Distinguished

text: Eagle

text: Scout

text: Award

question: What Boy Scout merit badge did Spielberg help develop?

answer: cinematography

text: cinematography

question: When was Spielberg's merit badge launched?

answer: 1989

question: Which major Spielberg movie character was a Boy Scout?

answer: Indiana Jones

text: Indiana Jones

question: Which Spielberg movie showed its main character was a Boy Scout?

answer: Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade

text: Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade

question: What was Indy's rank in Boy Scouts when shown in a movie?

answer: Life Scout

text: Life Scout

question: What was the highest rank Indiana Jones made in his youth?

text: Life Scout

question: In what year did Spielberg start helping the Boy Scouts of America out?

question: In what year did the Boy Scouts give Spielberg their Distinguished Eagle Scout Award?

question: In what year did the second Indiana Jones movie come out?


text: From 1958, the Union Castle shipping line gradually reduced its service calls to the island. Curnow Shipping, based in Avonmouth, replaced the Union-Castle Line mailship service in 1977, using the RMS (Royal Mail Ship) St Helena.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: From

text: the

text: Union

text: Castle

text: shipping

text: line

text: gradually

text: reduced

text: its

text: service

text: calls

text: to

text: the

text: island

text: Curnow

text: Shipping

text: based

text: in

text: Avonmouth

text: replaced

text: the

text: Union

text: Castle

text: Line

text: mailship

text: service

text: in

text: using

text: the

text: RMS

text: Royal

text: Mail

text: Ship

text: St

text: Helena

question: What year did the Union Castle shipping line slowly start to reduce their service calls to the island?

answer: 1958

question: Which shipping company replaced Union-Castle Line mailship service?

answer: Curnow Shipping

text: Curnow Shipping

question: What year was Union-Castle Line mailship replaced?

answer: 1977


text: The city grew as the population did, coming up against the lake's waters. As the depth of the lake water fluctuated, Mexico City was subject to periodic flooding. A major labor draft, the desagüe, compelled thousands of Indians over the colonial period to work on infrastructure to prevent flooding. Floods were not only an inconvenience but also a health hazard, since during flood periods human waste polluted the city's streets. By draining the area, the mosquito population dropped as did the frequency of the diseases they spread. However, draining the wetlands also changed the habitat for fish and birds and the areas accessible for Indian cultivation close to the capital.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: The

text: city

text: grew

text: as

text: the

text: population

text: did

text: coming

text: up

text: against

text: the

text: lake

text: 's

text: waters

text: As

text: the

text: depth

text: of

text: the

text: lake

text: water

text: fluctuated

text: Mexico

text: City

text: was

text: subject

text: to

text: periodic

text: flooding

text: A

text: major

text: labor

text: draft

text: the

text: desagüe

text: compelled

text: thousands

text: of

text: Indians

text: over

text: the

text: colonial

text: period

text: to

text: work

text: on

text: infrastructure

text: to

text: prevent

text: flooding

text: Floods

text: were

text: not

text: only

text: an

text: inconvenience

text: but

text: also

text: a

text: health

text: hazard

text: since

text: during

text: flood

text: periods

text: human

text: waste

text: polluted

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: streets

text: By

text: draining

text: the

text: area

text: the

text: mosquito

text: population

text: dropped

text: as

text: did

text: the

text: frequency

text: of

text: the

text: diseases

text: they

text: spread

text: However

text: draining

text: the

text: wetlands

text: also

text: changed

text: the

text: habitat

text: for

text: fish

text: and

text: birds

text: and

text: the

text: areas

text: accessible

text: for

text: Indian

text: cultivation

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: capital

question: What was the labor draft called?

answer: the desagüe

text: the desagüe

question: Who helped build infrastructure around the lake?

answer: Indians

text: Indians

question: What was the main problem with being so close to the lake?

answer: flooding

text: flooding

question: What was a negative of regulating the lake's water height?

answer: changed the habitat for fish and birds

text: changed the habitat for fish and birds

question: How many Indians helped build the infrastructure?

answer: thousands

text: thousands


text: 1853: There were four main events. 1. In the north the Turks captured the border fort of Saint Nicholas in a surprise night attack (27/28 October). They then pushed about 20000 troops across the Cholok River border. Being outnumbered the Russians abandoned Poti and Redut Kale and drew back to Marani. Both sides remained immobile for the next seven months. 2. In the center the Turks moved north from Ardahan to within cannon-shot of Akhaltsike and awaited reinforcements (13 November). The Russians routed them. The claimed losses were 4000 Turks and 400 Russians. 3. In the south about 30000 Turks slowly moved east to the main Russian concentration at Gyumri or Alexandropol (November). They crossed the border and set up artillery south of town. Prince Orbeliani tried to drive them off and found himself trapped. The Turks failed to press their advantage, the remaining Russians rescued Orbeliani and the Turks retired west. Orbeliani lost about 1000 men out of 5000. The Russians now decided to advance, the Turks took up a strong position on the Kars road and attacked. They were defeated in the battle of Başgedikler, losing 6000 men, half their artillery and all their supply train. The Russians lost 1300, including Prince Orbeliani. This was Prince Ellico Orbeliani whose wife was later kidnaped by Shamyl at Tsinandali. 4. At sea the Turks sent a fleet east which was destroyed by Admiral Nakhimov at Sinope.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: There

text: were

text: four

text: main

text: events

text: In

text: the

text: north

text: the

text: Turks

text: captured

text: the

text: border

text: fort

text: of

text: Saint

text: Nicholas

text: in

text: a

text: surprise

text: night

text: attack

text: October

text: They

text: then

text: pushed

text: about

text: troops

text: across

text: the

text: Cholok

text: River

text: border

text: Being

text: outnumbered

text: the

text: Russians

text: abandoned

text: Poti

text: and

text: Redut

text: Kale

text: and

text: drew

text: back

text: to

text: Marani

text: Both

text: sides

text: remained

text: immobile

text: for

text: the

text: next

text: seven

text: months

text: In

text: the

text: center

text: the

text: Turks

text: moved

text: north

text: from

text: Ardahan

text: to

text: within

text: cannon

text: shot

text: of

text: Akhaltsike

text: and

text: awaited

text: reinforcements

text: November

text: The

text: Russians

text: routed

text: them

text: The

text: claimed

text: losses

text: were

text: Turks

text: and

text: Russians

text: In

text: the

text: south

text: about

text: Turks

text: slowly

text: moved

text: east

text: to

text: the

text: main

text: Russian

text: concentration

text: at

text: Gyumri

text: or

text: Alexandropol

text: November

text: They

text: crossed

text: the

text: border

text: and

text: set

text: up

text: artillery

text: south

text: of

text: town

text: Prince

text: Orbeliani

text: tried

text: to

text: drive

text: them

text: off

text: and

text: found

text: himself

text: trapped

text: The

text: Turks

text: failed

text: to

text: press

text: their

text: advantage

text: the

text: remaining

text: Russians

text: rescued

text: Orbeliani

text: and

text: the

text: Turks

text: retired

text: west

text: Orbeliani

text: lost

text: about

text: men

text: out

text: of

text: The

text: Russians

text: now

text: decided

text: to

text: advance

text: the

text: Turks

text: took

text: up

text: a

text: strong

text: position

text: on

text: the

text: Kars

text: road

text: and

text: attacked

text: They

text: were

text: defeated

text: in

text: the

text: battle

text: of

text: Başgedikler

text: losing

text: men

text: half

text: their

text: artillery

text: and

text: all

text: their

text: supply

text: train

text: The

text: Russians

text: lost

text: including

text: Prince

text: Orbeliani

text: This

text: was

text: Prince

text: Ellico

text: Orbeliani

text: whose

text: wife

text: was

text: later

text: kidnaped

text: by

text: Shamyl

text: at

text: Tsinandali

text: At

text: sea

text: the

text: Turks

text: sent

text: a

text: fleet

text: east

text: which

text: was

text: destroyed

text: by

text: Admiral

text: Nakhimov

text: at

text: Sinope

question: Who captured the border front of Saint Nicholas during a night attack?

answer: the Turks

text: the Turks

question: How many troops did the Turks have when crossing the Cholok River?

answer: 20000 troops

text: 20000 troops

question: After giving up their position at Poti and Redut Kale, where did the Russians retreat to?

answer: Marani

text: Marani

question: How many troops did the Turks send to Gyumri?

answer: 30000

question: What were the Turks waiting for when positioned near Akhaltsike?

answer: reinforcements

text: reinforcements


text: From early 1944 until the days leading up to the invasion, Kuribayashi transformed the island into a massive network of bunkers, hidden guns, and 11 mi (18 km) of underground tunnels. The heavy American naval and air bombardment did little but drive the Japanese further underground, making their positions impervious to enemy fire. Their pillboxes and bunkers were all connected so that if one was knocked out, it could be reoccupied again. The network of bunkers and pillboxes greatly favored the defender.

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: From

text: early

text: until

text: the

text: days

text: leading

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: invasion

text: Kuribayashi

text: transformed

text: the

text: island

text: into

text: a

text: massive

text: network

text: of

text: bunkers

text: hidden

text: guns

text: and

text: mi

text: km

text: of

text: underground

text: tunnels

text: The

text: heavy

text: American

text: naval

text: and

text: air

text: bombardment

text: did

text: little

text: but

text: drive

text: the

text: Japanese

text: further

text: underground

text: making

text: their

text: positions

text: impervious

text: to

text: enemy

text: fire

text: Their

text: pillboxes

text: and

text: bunkers

text: were

text: all

text: connected

text: so

text: that

text: if

text: one

text: was

text: knocked

text: out

text: it

text: could

text: be

text: reoccupied

text: again

text: The

text: network

text: of

text: bunkers

text: and

text: pillboxes

text: greatly

text: favored

text: the

text: defender

question: How many miles of hidden tunnel were on the island?

answer: 11

question: Who transformed the island into a fortress?

answer: Kuribayashi

text: Kuribayashi

question: What were the pillboxes and bunkers connected by?

answer: underground tunnels

text: underground tunnels

question: Who did the network of fortifications on the island favor?

answer: the defender

text: the defender


text: Adolescence is also a time for rapid cognitive development. Piaget describes adolescence as the stage of life in which the individual's thoughts start taking more of an abstract form and the egocentric thoughts decrease. This allows the individual to think and reason in a wider perspective. A combination of behavioural and fMRI studies have demonstrated development of executive functions, that is, cognitive skills that enable the control and coordination of thoughts and behaviour, which are generally associated with the prefrontal cortex. The thoughts, ideas and concepts developed at this period of life greatly influence one's future life, playing a major role in character and personality formation.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: Adolescence

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: time

text: for

text: rapid

text: cognitive

text: development

text: Piaget

text: describes

text: adolescence

text: as

text: the

text: stage

text: of

text: life

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: individual

text: 's

text: thoughts

text: start

text: taking

text: more

text: of

text: an

text: abstract

text: form

text: and

text: the

text: egocentric

text: thoughts

text: decrease

text: This

text: allows

text: the

text: individual

text: to

text: think

text: and

text: reason

text: in

text: a

text: wider

text: perspective

text: A

text: combination

text: of

text: behavioural

text: and

text: fMRI

text: studies

text: have

text: demonstrated

text: development

text: of

text: executive

text: functions

text: that

text: is

text: cognitive

text: skills

text: that

text: enable

text: the

text: control

text: and

text: coordination

text: of

text: thoughts

text: and

text: behaviour

text: which

text: are

text: generally

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: prefrontal

text: cortex

text: The

text: thoughts

text: ideas

text: and

text: concepts

text: developed

text: at

text: this

text: period

text: of

text: life

text: greatly

text: influence

text: one

text: 's

text: future

text: life

text: playing

text: a

text: major

text: role

text: in

text: character

text: and

text: personality

text: formation

question: Who describes adolescence as the stage of life in which the individual's thoughts start taking more of an abstract form?

answer: Piaget

text: Piaget

question: What is another term for congitive skills that enable the control and coordination of thoughts and behavior?

answer: executive functions

text: executive functions

question: Which cortex is commonly associated with the coordination of thoughts and behavior?

answer: prefrontal cortex

text: prefrontal cortex

question: Does Piaget believe that egocentric thoughts decrease or increase during adolescence?

answer: decrease

text: decrease


text: An error sometimes made is the confusion of discussion regarding Greece’s Eurozone entry with the controversy regarding usage of derivatives’ deals with U.S. Banks by Greece and other Eurozone countries to artificially reduce their reported budget deficits. A currency swap arranged with Goldman Sachs allowed Greece to "hide" 2.8 billion Euros of debt, however, this affected deficit values after 2001 (when Greece had already been admitted into the Eurozone) and is not related to Greece’s Eurozone entry.

title: Economy_of_Greece

title: Economy_of_Greece

text: An

text: error

text: sometimes

text: made

text: is

text: the

text: confusion

text: of

text: discussion

text: regarding

text: Greece

text: ’s

text: Eurozone

text: entry

text: with

text: the

text: controversy

text: regarding

text: usage

text: of

text: derivatives’

text: deals

text: with

text: U.S.

text: Banks

text: by

text: Greece

text: and

text: other

text: Eurozone

text: countries

text: to

text: artificially

text: reduce

text: their

text: reported

text: budget

text: deficits

text: A

text: currency

text: swap

text: arranged

text: with

text: Goldman

text: Sachs

text: allowed

text: Greece

text: to

text: hide

text: billion

text: Euros

text: of

text: debt

text: however

text: this

text: affected

text: deficit

text: values

text: after

text: when

text: Greece

text: had

text: already

text: been

text: admitted

text: into

text: the

text: Eurozone

text: and

text: is

text: not

text: related

text: to

text: Greece

text: ’s

text: Eurozone

text: entry

question: What error is sometimes made by tying Greece's Eurozone entry with?

answer: controversy regarding usage of derivatives’ deals

text: controversy regarding usage of derivatives’ deals

question: What banks did Greece use derivatives' deals with?

answer: U.S. Banks

text: U.S. Banks

question: What was the result of the deals with the U.S. banks?

answer: artificially reduce their reported budget deficits

text: artificially reduce their reported budget deficits

question: How many Euros was Greece able to "hide" because of an arrangement with Goldman Sachs?

answer: 2.8 billion

text: 2.8 billion

question: Why aren't the deficit values affected by the currency swap with Goldman Sachs relevant to Greece's Eurozone entry?

answer: affected deficit values after 2001

text: affected deficit values after 2001

question: What error is never made?

question: What banks did Greece lose derivatives' deals with?

text: U.S. Banks

question: What was the result of the rejection with the U.S. banks?

question: Why are the deficit values affected by the currency swap with Goldman Sachs relevant to Greece's Eurozone entry?

text: affected deficit values after 2001

question: How many Euros was Greece able to give away because of an arrangement with Goldman Sachs?

text: 2.8 billion


text: According to Italian fashion designer Roberto Cavalli, Beyoncé uses different fashion styles to work with her music while performing. Her mother co-wrote a book, published in 2002, titled Destiny's Style an account of how fashion had an impact on the trio's success. The B'Day Anthology Video Album showed many instances of fashion-oriented footage, depicting classic to contemporary wardrobe styles. In 2007, Beyoncé was featured on the cover of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue, becoming the second African American woman after Tyra Banks, and People magazine recognized Beyoncé as the best-dressed celebrity.

title: Beyoncé

title: Beyoncé

text: According

text: to

text: Italian

text: fashion

text: designer

text: Roberto

text: Cavalli

text: Beyoncé

text: uses

text: different

text: fashion

text: styles

text: to

text: work

text: with

text: her

text: music

text: while

text: performing

text: Her

text: mother

text: co

text: wrote

text: a

text: book

text: published

text: in

text: titled

text: Destiny

text: 's

text: Style

text: an

text: account

text: of

text: how

text: fashion

text: had

text: an

text: impact

text: on

text: the

text: trio

text: 's

text: success

text: The

text: B'Day

text: Anthology

text: Video

text: Album

text: showed

text: many

text: instances

text: of

text: fashion

text: oriented

text: footage

text: depicting

text: classic

text: to

text: contemporary

text: wardrobe

text: styles

text: In

text: Beyoncé

text: was

text: featured

text: on

text: the

text: cover

text: of

text: the

text: Sports

text: Illustrated

text: Swimsuit

text: Issue

text: becoming

text: the

text: second

text: African

text: American

text: woman

text: after

text: Tyra

text: Banks

text: and

text: People

text: magazine

text: recognized

text: Beyoncé

text: as

text: the

text: best

text: dressed

text: celebrity

question: Which parent of Beyonce's help co-write a book?

answer: Her mother

text: Her mother

question: Which African-American woman before Beyonce had posed for SI Swimsuit issue?

answer: Tyra Banks

text: Tyra Banks

question: What was the title of Beyonce's mother's book?

answer: Destiny's Style

text: Destiny's Style

question: When was she on the Sports Illustrated cover?

answer: 2007

question: Who was she the second  African American on the cover after?

answer: Tyra Banks

text: Tyra Banks

question: Beyoncé was the second African American woman featured as a swimsuit cover on the magazine, who was first?

answer: Tyra Banks

text: Tyra Banks

question: What magazine said Beyoncé was the "best-dressed celebrity"?

answer: People

text: People


text: In studying adolescent development, adolescence can be defined biologically, as the physical transition marked by the onset of puberty and the termination of physical growth; cognitively, as changes in the ability to think abstractly and multi-dimensionally; or socially, as a period of preparation for adult roles. Major pubertal and biological changes include changes to the sex organs, height, weight, and muscle mass, as well as major changes in brain structure and organization. Cognitive advances encompass both increases in knowledge and in the ability to think abstractly and to reason more effectively. The study of adolescent development often involves interdisciplinary collaborations. For example, researchers in neuroscience or bio-behavioral health might focus on pubertal changes in brain structure and its effects on cognition or social relations. Sociologists interested in adolescence might focus on the acquisition of social roles (e.g., worker or romantic partner) and how this varies across cultures or social conditions. Developmental psychologists might focus on changes in relations with parents and peers as a function of school structure and pubertal status.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: In

text: studying

text: adolescent

text: development

text: adolescence

text: can

text: be

text: defined

text: biologically

text: as

text: the

text: physical

text: transition

text: marked

text: by

text: the

text: onset

text: of

text: puberty

text: and

text: the

text: termination

text: of

text: physical

text: growth

text: cognitively

text: as

text: changes

text: in

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: think

text: abstractly

text: and

text: multi

text: dimensionally

text: or

text: socially

text: as

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: preparation

text: for

text: adult

text: roles

text: Major

text: pubertal

text: and

text: biological

text: changes

text: include

text: changes

text: to

text: the

text: sex

text: organs

text: height

text: weight

text: and

text: muscle

text: mass

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: major

text: changes

text: in

text: brain

text: structure

text: and

text: organization

text: Cognitive

text: advances

text: encompass

text: both

text: increases

text: in

text: knowledge

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: think

text: abstractly

text: and

text: to

text: reason

text: more

text: effectively

text: The

text: study

text: of

text: adolescent

text: development

text: often

text: involves

text: interdisciplinary

text: collaborations

text: For

text: example

text: researchers

text: in

text: neuroscience

text: or

text: bio

text: behavioral

text: health

text: might

text: focus

text: on

text: pubertal

text: changes

text: in

text: brain

text: structure

text: and

text: its

text: effects

text: on

text: cognition

text: or

text: social

text: relations

text: Sociologists

text: interested

text: in

text: adolescence

text: might

text: focus

text: on

text: the

text: acquisition

text: of

text: social

text: roles

text: e.g.

text: worker

text: or

text: romantic

text: partner

text: and

text: how

text: this

text: varies

text: across

text: cultures

text: or

text: social

text: conditions

text: Developmental

text: psychologists

text: might

text: focus

text: on

text: changes

text: in

text: relations

text: with

text: parents

text: and

text: peers

text: as

text: a

text: function

text: of

text: school

text: structure

text: and

text: pubertal

text: status

question: How is adolescence defined biologically?

answer: the physical transition marked by the onset of puberty and the termination of physical growth

text: the physical transition marked by the onset of puberty and the termination of physical growth

question: How is adolescence defined cognitively?

answer: changes in the ability to think abstractly and multi-dimensionally

text: changes in the ability to think abstractly and multi-dimensionally

question: Changes to sex organs, height, weight, and muscle mass are examples of which type of change?

answer: biological

text: biological

question: Increases in knowledge and the ability to think abstractly are examples of which kind of change?

answer: Cognitive

text: Cognitive


text: The uses of copper in art were not limited to currency: it was used by Renaissance sculptors, in photographic technology known as the daguerreotype, and the Statue of Liberty. Copper plating and copper sheathing for ships' hulls was widespread; the ships of Christopher Columbus were among the earliest to have this feature. The Norddeutsche Affinerie in Hamburg was the first modern electroplating plant starting its production in 1876. The German scientist Gottfried Osann invented powder metallurgy in 1830 while determining the metal's atomic mass; around then it was discovered that the amount and type of alloying element (e.g., tin) to copper would affect bell tones. Flash smelting was developed by Outokumpu in Finland and first applied at Harjavalta in 1949; the energy-efficient process accounts for 50% of the world's primary copper production.

title: Copper

title: Copper

text: The

text: uses

text: of

text: copper

text: in

text: art

text: were

text: not

text: limited

text: to

text: currency

text: it

text: was

text: used

text: by

text: Renaissance

text: sculptors

text: in

text: photographic

text: technology

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: daguerreotype

text: and

text: the

text: Statue

text: of

text: Liberty

text: Copper

text: plating

text: and

text: copper

text: sheathing

text: for

text: ships

text: hulls

text: was

text: widespread

text: the

text: ships

text: of

text: Christopher

text: Columbus

text: were

text: among

text: the

text: earliest

text: to

text: have

text: this

text: feature

text: The

text: Norddeutsche

text: Affinerie

text: in

text: Hamburg

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: modern

text: electroplating

text: plant

text: starting

text: its

text: production

text: in

text: The

text: German

text: scientist

text: Gottfried

text: Osann

text: invented

text: powder

text: metallurgy

text: in

text: while

text: determining

text: the

text: metal

text: 's

text: atomic

text: mass

text: around

text: then

text: it

text: was

text: discovered

text: that

text: the

text: amount

text: and

text: type

text: of

text: alloying

text: element

text: e.g.

text: tin

text: to

text: copper

text: would

text: affect

text: bell

text: tones

text: Flash

text: smelting

text: was

text: developed

text: by

text: Outokumpu

text: in

text: Finland

text: and

text: first

text: applied

text: at

text: Harjavalta

text: in

text: the

text: energy

text: efficient

text: process

text: accounts

text: for

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: primary

text: copper

text: production

question: Who used copper to produce art?

answer: Renaissance sculptors

text: Renaissance sculptors

question: What is the photographic technology that uses copper called?

answer: daguerreotype

text: daguerreotype

question: What famous NY city landmark is made from copper?

answer: Statue of Liberty

text: Statue of Liberty

question: What famous explorers ships was one of the first to have it's hulls made of copper?

answer: Christopher Columbus

text: Christopher Columbus

question: When did The Norddeutsche Affinerie electroplating plant first begin production?

answer: 1830

question: Who used copper to produce garbage?

text: Renaissance sculptors

question: What is the magical technology that uses copper called?

text: daguerreotype

question: What famous Arizona city landmark is made from copper?

text: Statue of Liberty

question: What unknown explorers ships was one of the first to have it's hulls made of copper?

text: Christopher Columbus

question: When did The Norddeutsche Affinerie nuclear plant first begin production?


text: Because of Oklahoma's position between zones of differing prevailing temperature and winds, weather patterns within the state can vary widely over relatively short distances and can change drastically in a short time. As an example, on November 11, 1911, the temperature at Oklahoma City reached 83 °F (28 °C) in the afternoon (the record high for that date), then an Arctic cold front of unprecedented intensity slammed across the state, causing the temperature to crash 66 degrees, down to 17 °F (−8 °C) at midnight (the record low for that date); thus, both the record high and record low for November 11 were set on the same date. This type of phenomenon is also responsible for many of the tornadoes in the area, such as the 1912 Oklahoma tornado outbreak, when a warm front traveled along a stalled cold front, resulting in an average of about one tornado per hour over the course of a day.

title: Oklahoma

title: Oklahoma

text: Because

text: of

text: Oklahoma

text: 's

text: position

text: between

text: zones

text: of

text: differing

text: prevailing

text: temperature

text: and

text: winds

text: weather

text: patterns

text: within

text: the

text: state

text: can

text: vary

text: widely

text: over

text: relatively

text: short

text: distances

text: and

text: can

text: change

text: drastically

text: in

text: a

text: short

text: time

text: As

text: an

text: example

text: on

text: November

text: the

text: temperature

text: at

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: reached

text: F

text: C

text: in

text: the

text: afternoon

text: the

text: record

text: high

text: for

text: that

text: date

text: then

text: an

text: Arctic

text: cold

text: front

text: of

text: unprecedented

text: intensity

text: slammed

text: across

text: the

text: state

text: causing

text: the

text: temperature

text: to

text: crash

text: degrees

text: down

text: to

text: F

text: −8

text: C

text: at

text: midnight

text: the

text: record

text: low

text: for

text: that

text: date

text: thus

text: both

text: the

text: record

text: high

text: and

text: record

text: low

text: for

text: November

text: were

text: set

text: on

text: the

text: same

text: date

text: This

text: type

text: of

text: phenomenon

text: is

text: also

text: responsible

text: for

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: tornadoes

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Oklahoma

text: tornado

text: outbreak

text: when

text: a

text: warm

text: front

text: traveled

text: along

text: a

text: stalled

text: cold

text: front

text: resulting

text: in

text: an

text: average

text: of

text: about

text: one

text: tornado

text: per

text: hour

text: over

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: a

text: day

question: What is Oklahoma's record high temperature for Nov 11?

answer: 83 °F

text: 83 °F

question: What is Oklahoma's record low temperature for Nov 11?

answer: 17 °F

text: 17 °F

question: What caused Oklahoma's temperature to plummet 66 degrees on Nov 11, 1911?

answer: an Arctic cold front

text: an Arctic cold front

question: How fast did the 1912 tornado outbreak make tornadoes?

answer: one tornado per hour

text: one tornado per hour

question: How long did the 1912 tornado outbreak last?

answer: a day

text: a day


text: A literature compendium for a large variety of audio coding systems was published in the IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications (JSAC), February 1988. While there were some papers from before that time, this collection documented an entire variety of finished, working audio coders, nearly all of them using perceptual (i.e. masking) techniques and some kind of frequency analysis and back-end noiseless coding. Several of these papers remarked on the difficulty of obtaining good, clean digital audio for research purposes. Most, if not all, of the authors in the JSAC edition were also active in the MPEG-1 Audio committee.

title: Data_compression

title: Data_compression

text: A

text: literature

text: compendium

text: for

text: a

text: large

text: variety

text: of

text: audio

text: coding

text: systems

text: was

text: published

text: in

text: the

text: IEEE

text: Journal

text: on

text: Selected

text: Areas

text: in

text: Communications

text: JSAC

text: February

text: While

text: there

text: were

text: some

text: papers

text: from

text: before

text: that

text: time

text: this

text: collection

text: documented

text: an

text: entire

text: variety

text: of

text: finished

text: working

text: audio

text: coders

text: nearly

text: all

text: of

text: them

text: using

text: perceptual

text: i.e.

text: masking

text: techniques

text: and

text: some

text: kind

text: of

text: frequency

text: analysis

text: and

text: back

text: end

text: noiseless

text: coding

text: Several

text: of

text: these

text: papers

text: remarked

text: on

text: the

text: difficulty

text: of

text: obtaining

text: good

text: clean

text: digital

text: audio

text: for

text: research

text: purposes

text: Most

text: if

text: not

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: authors

text: in

text: the

text: JSAC

text: edition

text: were

text: also

text: active

text: in

text: the

text: Audio

text: committee

question: What was published in the IEEE Journal in 1988?

answer: literature compendium

text: literature compendium

question: What did the literature compendium document?

answer: finished, working audio coders

text: finished, working audio coders

question: Where were most of the authors in the JSAC edition?

answer: MPEG-1 Audio committee

text: MPEG-1 Audio committee

question: What was published in the MPEG-1 in 1988?

text: literature compendium

question: What did the digital audio document?

text: finished, working audio coders

question: Where were most of the papers in the JSAC edition?

text: MPEG-1 Audio committee

question: What did the collection of coding document?

text: audio coders

question: What did these coders remark on?


text: Stars, planets, and moons keep their atmospheres by gravitational attraction, and as such, atmospheres have no clearly delineated boundary: the density of atmospheric gas simply decreases with distance from the object. The Earth's atmospheric pressure drops to about 6998320000000000000♠3.2×10−2 Pa at 100 kilometres (62 mi) of altitude, the Kármán line, which is a common definition of the boundary with outer space. Beyond this line, isotropic gas pressure rapidly becomes insignificant when compared to radiation pressure from the Sun and the dynamic pressure of the solar winds, so the definition of pressure becomes difficult to interpret. The thermosphere in this range has large gradients of pressure, temperature and composition, and varies greatly due to space weather. Astrophysicists prefer to use number density to describe these environments, in units of particles per cubic centimetre.

title: Vacuum

title: Vacuum

text: Stars

text: planets

text: and

text: moons

text: keep

text: their

text: atmospheres

text: by

text: gravitational

text: attraction

text: and

text: as

text: such

text: atmospheres

text: have

text: no

text: clearly

text: delineated

text: boundary

text: the

text: density

text: of

text: atmospheric

text: gas

text: simply

text: decreases

text: with

text: distance

text: from

text: the

text: object

text: The

text: Earth

text: 's

text: atmospheric

text: pressure

text: drops

text: to

text: about

text: Pa

text: at

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: of

text: altitude

text: the

text: Kármán

text: line

text: which

text: is

text: a

text: common

text: definition

text: of

text: the

text: boundary

text: with

text: outer

text: space

text: Beyond

text: this

text: line

text: isotropic

text: gas

text: pressure

text: rapidly

text: becomes

text: insignificant

text: when

text: compared

text: to

text: radiation

text: pressure

text: from

text: the

text: Sun

text: and

text: the

text: dynamic

text: pressure

text: of

text: the

text: solar

text: winds

text: so

text: the

text: definition

text: of

text: pressure

text: becomes

text: difficult

text: to

text: interpret

text: The

text: thermosphere

text: in

text: this

text: range

text: has

text: large

text: gradients

text: of

text: pressure

text: temperature

text: and

text: composition

text: and

text: varies

text: greatly

text: due

text: to

text: space

text: weather

text: Astrophysicists

text: prefer

text: to

text: use

text: number

text: density

text: to

text: describe

text: these

text: environments

text: in

text: units

text: of

text: particles

text: per

text: cubic

text: centimetre

question: `Why does thermosphere past the Karman line vary so greatly?

answer: due to space weather

text: due to space weather

question: What is commonly known as the boundary of outer space?

answer: the Kármán line

text: the Kármán line

question: What do Astrophysicists use to describe outer space beyond the karman line?

answer: number density

text: number density

question: What is more significant than isotropic gas pressure past the Karman line?

answer: radiation pressure from the Sun and the dynamic pressure of the solar winds

text: radiation pressure from the Sun and the dynamic pressure of the solar winds

question: What is commonly known as the boundary of the Sun?

text: the Kármán line

question: What do astrophysicists use to describe sun radiation?

text: number density

question: In what units do astrophysicists use to describe sun radiation?

text: units of particles per cubic centimetre

question: What does the Sun's atmospheric pressure drop to at 100 km of altitude?

text: about 6998320000000000000♠3.2×10−2 Pa

question: What becomes insidgnificant when it reaches the surface of the moon?

text: isotropic gas pressure


text: Families and households were still largely independent economically, and the household was probably the center of life. However, excavations in Central Europe have revealed that early Neolithic Linear Ceramic cultures ("Linearbandkeramik") were building large arrangements of circular ditches between 4800 BC and 4600 BC. These structures (and their later counterparts such as causewayed enclosures, burial mounds, and henge) required considerable time and labour to construct, which suggests that some influential individuals were able to organise and direct human labour — though non-hierarchical and voluntary work remain possibilities.

title: Neolithic

title: Neolithic

text: Families

text: and

text: households

text: were

text: still

text: largely

text: independent

text: economically

text: and

text: the

text: household

text: was

text: probably

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: life

text: However

text: excavations

text: in

text: Central

text: Europe

text: have

text: revealed

text: that

text: early

text: Neolithic

text: Linear

text: Ceramic

text: cultures

text: Linearbandkeramik

text: were

text: building

text: large

text: arrangements

text: of

text: circular

text: ditches

text: between

text: BC

text: and

text: BC

text: These

text: structures

text: and

text: their

text: later

text: counterparts

text: such

text: as

text: causewayed

text: enclosures

text: burial

text: mounds

text: and

text: henge

text: required

text: considerable

text: time

text: and

text: labour

text: to

text: construct

text: which

text: suggests

text: that

text: some

text: influential

text: individuals

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: organise

text: and

text: direct

text: human

text: labour

text: though

text: non

text: hierarchical

text: and

text: voluntary

text: work

text: remain

text: possibilities

question: What was the cultural aspect was the major center of life?

answer: the household

text: the household

question: What time period were the huge circular ditches found in?

answer: 4800 BC and 4600 BC

text: 4800 BC and 4600 BC

question: What did the ditches later evolve into?

answer: causewayed enclosures, burial mounds, and henge

text: causewayed enclosures, burial mounds, and henge

question: What features about the ditches suggests that it was built by people under a leader's command?

answer: required considerable time and labour to construct

text: required considerable time and labour to construct

question: What time period were the huge individuals found in?

text: 4800 BC and 4600 BC

question: What did the individuals later involve into?

question: What features about the individuals suggests that it was built by people under a leader's command?

question: What excavations revealed that families were building circular ditches?

text: excavations in Central Europe

question: What do families suggest?


text: Nasser was informed of the British–American withdrawal via a news statement while aboard a plane returning to Cairo from Belgrade, and took great offense. Although ideas for nationalizing the Suez Canal were in the offing after the UK agreed to withdraw its military from Egypt in 1954 (the last British troops left on 13 June 1956), journalist Mohamed Hassanein Heikal asserts that Nasser made the final decision to nationalize the waterway between 19 and 20 July. Nasser himself would later state that he decided on 23 July, after studying the issue and deliberating with some of his advisers from the dissolved RCC, namely Boghdadi and technical specialist Mahmoud Younis, beginning on 21 July. The rest of the RCC's former members were informed of the decision on 24 July, while the bulk of the cabinet was unaware of the nationalization scheme until hours before Nasser publicly announced it. According to Ramadan, Nasser's decision to nationalize the canal was a solitary decision, taken without consultation.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: Nasser

text: was

text: informed

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: American

text: withdrawal

text: via

text: a

text: news

text: statement

text: while

text: aboard

text: a

text: plane

text: returning

text: to

text: Cairo

text: from

text: Belgrade

text: and

text: took

text: great

text: offense

text: Although

text: ideas

text: for

text: nationalizing

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: were

text: in

text: the

text: offing

text: after

text: the

text: UK

text: agreed

text: to

text: withdraw

text: its

text: military

text: from

text: Egypt

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: British

text: troops

text: left

text: on

text: June

text: journalist

text: Mohamed

text: Hassanein

text: Heikal

text: asserts

text: that

text: Nasser

text: made

text: the

text: final

text: decision

text: to

text: nationalize

text: the

text: waterway

text: between

text: and

text: July

text: Nasser

text: himself

text: would

text: later

text: state

text: that

text: he

text: decided

text: on

text: July

text: after

text: studying

text: the

text: issue

text: and

text: deliberating

text: with

text: some

text: of

text: his

text: advisers

text: from

text: the

text: dissolved

text: RCC

text: namely

text: Boghdadi

text: and

text: technical

text: specialist

text: Mahmoud

text: Younis

text: beginning

text: on

text: July

text: The

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: RCC

text: 's

text: former

text: members

text: were

text: informed

text: of

text: the

text: decision

text: on

text: July

text: while

text: the

text: bulk

text: of

text: the

text: cabinet

text: was

text: unaware

text: of

text: the

text: nationalization

text: scheme

text: until

text: hours

text: before

text: Nasser

text: publicly

text: announced

text: it

text: According

text: to

text: Ramadan

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: decision

text: to

text: nationalize

text: the

text: canal

text: was

text: a

text: solitary

text: decision

text: taken

text: without

text: consultation

question: How did Nasser react to the news the the US and UK had blocked construction of th Aswan Dam?

answer: took great offense

text: took great offense

question: What piece of infrastructure did Nasser propose to nationalize?

answer: Suez Canal

text: Suez Canal

question: What was Nasser's cabinet's knowledge of the nationalization scheme before Nasser announced it?

answer: unaware

text: unaware

question: When did the last British troops leave Egypt?

answer: 1956


text: "Poultry" is a term used for any kind of domesticated bird, captive-raised for its utility, and traditionally the word has been used to refer to wildfowl (Galliformes) and waterfowl (Anseriformes). "Poultry" can be defined as domestic fowls, including chickens, turkeys, geese and ducks, raised for the production of meat or eggs and the word is also used for the flesh of these birds used as food. The Encyclopædia Britannica lists the same bird groups but also includes guinea fowl and squabs (young pigeons). In R. D. Crawford's Poultry breeding and genetics, squabs are omitted but Japanese quail and common pheasant are added to the list, the latter frequently being bred in captivity and released into the wild. In his 1848 classic book on poultry, Ornamental and Domestic Poultry: Their History, and Management, Edmund Dixon included chapters on the peafowl, guinea fowl, mute swan, turkey, various types of geese, the muscovy duck, other ducks and all types of chickens including bantams. In colloquial speech, the term "fowl" is often used near-synonymously with "domesticated chicken" (Gallus gallus), or with "poultry" or even just "bird", and many languages do not distinguish between "poultry" and "fowl". Both words are also used for the flesh of these birds. Poultry can be distinguished from "game", defined as wild birds or mammals hunted for food or sport, a word also used to describe the flesh of these when eaten.

title: Poultry

title: Poultry

text: Poultry

text: is

text: a

text: term

text: used

text: for

text: any

text: kind

text: of

text: domesticated

text: bird

text: captive

text: raised

text: for

text: its

text: utility

text: and

text: traditionally

text: the

text: word

text: has

text: been

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: wildfowl

text: Galliformes

text: and

text: waterfowl

text: Anseriformes

text: Poultry

text: can

text: be

text: defined

text: as

text: domestic

text: fowls

text: including

text: chickens

text: turkeys

text: geese

text: and

text: ducks

text: raised

text: for

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: meat

text: or

text: eggs

text: and

text: the

text: word

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: for

text: the

text: flesh

text: of

text: these

text: birds

text: used

text: as

text: food

text: The

text: Encyclopædia

text: Britannica

text: lists

text: the

text: same

text: bird

text: groups

text: but

text: also

text: includes

text: guinea

text: fowl

text: and

text: squabs

text: young

text: pigeons

text: In

text: R.

text: D.

text: Crawford

text: 's

text: Poultry

text: breeding

text: and

text: genetics

text: squabs

text: are

text: omitted

text: but

text: Japanese

text: quail

text: and

text: common

text: pheasant

text: are

text: added

text: to

text: the

text: list

text: the

text: latter

text: frequently

text: being

text: bred

text: in

text: captivity

text: and

text: released

text: into

text: the

text: wild

text: In

text: his

text: classic

text: book

text: on

text: poultry

text: Ornamental

text: and

text: Domestic

text: Poultry

text: Their

text: History

text: and

text: Management

text: Edmund

text: Dixon

text: included

text: chapters

text: on

text: the

text: peafowl

text: guinea

text: fowl

text: mute

text: swan

text: turkey

text: various

text: types

text: of

text: geese

text: the

text: muscovy

text: duck

text: other

text: ducks

text: and

text: all

text: types

text: of

text: chickens

text: including

text: bantams

text: In

text: colloquial

text: speech

text: the

text: term

text: fowl

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: near

text: synonymously

text: with

text: domesticated

text: chicken

text: Gallus

text: gallus

text: or

text: with

text: poultry

text: or

text: even

text: just

text: bird

text: and

text: many

text: languages

text: do

text: not

text: distinguish

text: between

text: poultry

text: and

text: fowl

text: Both

text: words

text: are

text: also

text: used

text: for

text: the

text: flesh

text: of

text: these

text: birds

text: Poultry

text: can

text: be

text: distinguished

text: from

text: game

text: defined

text: as

text: wild

text: birds

text: or

text: mammals

text: hunted

text: for

text: food

text: or

text: sport

text: a

text: word

text: also

text: used

text: to

text: describe

text: the

text: flesh

text: of

text: these

text: when

text: eaten

question: What two addtional types of birds are listed in teh Encyclopedia Britanica as poultry?

answer: guinea fowl and squabs (young pigeons)

text: guinea fowl and squabs (young pigeons)

question: Who is the authoor of the book Poultry Breeding and Genetics?

answer: R. D. Crawford

text: R. D. Crawford

question: What is the most likely outout for the common variety of pheasant ?

answer: frequently being bred in captivity and released into the wild.

text: frequently being bred in captivity and released into the wild.

question: Edmund Dixon is most famous for what inclusions in his 1854 book on poultry ?

answer: peafowl, guinea fowl, mute swan, turkey, various types of geese, the muscovy duck, other ducks and all types of chickens including bantams

text: peafowl, guinea fowl, mute swan, turkey, various types of geese, the muscovy duck, other ducks and all types of chickens including bantams

question: Do all language make the distinction between poultry and fowls?

answer: many languages do not distinguish between "poultry" and "fowl

text: many languages do not distinguish between "poultry" and "fowl

question: What is the Japanese term for young pigeons?

text: squabs

question: What book did D. R. Crawford write?

text: Poultry breeding and genetics

question: What book was written in 1884?

question: What is the Japanese term for "domesticated chicken?"

text: Gallus gallus

question: What is the only type of bird listed in the Encyclopedia Britannica as poultry?

text: guinea fowl

question: Who is the jailed author of the book Poultry Breeding and Genetics?

text: R. D. Crawford

question: What country has no birds that are considered poultry?

text: Japan

question: What word means the opposite of poultry?

text: fowl

question: Who wrote the 1842 classic book on poultry, Ornamental and Domestic Poultry: Their History, and Management?

text: Edmund Dixon


text: "Digimon" are "Digital Monsters". According to the stories, they are inhabitants of the "DigiWorld", a manifestation of Earth's communication network. The stories tell of a group of mostly pre-teens, who accompany special Digimon born to defend their world (and ours) from various evil forces. To help them surmount the most difficult obstacles found within both realms, the Digimon have the ability to evolve (Digivolve) In this process, the Digimon change appearance and become much stronger, often changing in personality as well. The group of children who come in contact with the Digital World changes from series to series.

title: Digimon

title: Digimon

text: Digimon

text: are

text: Digital

text: Monsters

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: stories

text: they

text: are

text: inhabitants

text: of

text: the

text: DigiWorld

text: a

text: manifestation

text: of

text: Earth

text: 's

text: communication

text: network

text: The

text: stories

text: tell

text: of

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: mostly

text: pre

text: teens

text: who

text: accompany

text: special

text: Digimon

text: born

text: to

text: defend

text: their

text: world

text: and

text: ours

text: from

text: various

text: evil

text: forces

text: To

text: help

text: them

text: surmount

text: the

text: most

text: difficult

text: obstacles

text: found

text: within

text: both

text: realms

text: the

text: Digimon

text: have

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: evolve

text: Digivolve

text: In

text: this

text: process

text: the

text: Digimon

text: change

text: appearance

text: and

text: become

text: much

text: stronger

text: often

text: changing

text: in

text: personality

text: as

text: well

text: The

text: group

text: of

text: children

text: who

text: come

text: in

text: contact

text: with

text: the

text: Digital

text: World

text: changes

text: from

text: series

text: to

text: series

question: What is the world in which the digimon live?

answer: a manifestation of Earth's communication network

text: a manifestation of Earth's communication network

question: What happens to a digimon after they evolve?

answer: the Digimon change appearance and become much stronger, often changing in personality as well

text: the Digimon change appearance and become much stronger, often changing in personality as well

question: Who accompanies the digimon as they work to save their world?

answer: a group of mostly pre-teens

text: a group of mostly pre-teens

question: Are the children who accompany the digimon always the same?

answer: The group of children who come in contact with the Digital World changes from series to series

text: The group of children who come in contact with the Digital World changes from series to series

question: What is the world of the digimon called?

answer: DigiWorld

text: DigiWorld

question: Where are Digimon the inhabitants of?

answer: DigiWorld

text: DigiWorld

question: What group of kids are in charge of the Digimons?

answer: mostly pre-teens

text: mostly pre-teens

question: What is the process called when Digimon get stronger?

answer: Digivolve

text: Digivolve

question: What is a manifestation of a world far from work?

text: DigiWorld

question: What are specially trained Digimon defending the world from?

text: various evil forces.

question: Who accompanies special humans born to save the world?

text: Digimon

question: What children stay the same from series to series?

question: What stays the same as Digimon become stronger?

text: personality


text: In January 2015, a customer named Ricardo Brown received a bill from Comcast with his name changed to "Asshole Brown". Brown's wife, Lisa, believed a Comcast employee changed the name in response to the Browns' request to cancel their cable service, an incident in which she was refused a cancellation unless she paid a $60 fee and instead was routed to a retention specialist. Comcast refused to correct the name on their bill after bringing it to the attention of numerous customer service outlets for the company by explaining that Ricardo is the legal name of the customer, so the Browns turned to consumer advocate Christopher Elliott. Elliott posted the facts of the incident, along with a copy of the bill, on his blog. Shortly thereafter, Elliott contacted Comcast and Comcast offered the Browns an apology, a $60 refund, and a promise to track down and fire the responsible employee. The Browns instead requested a full refund for their negative experience and Comcast agreed to refund the family the last two years of service and provide the next two years of service at no charge. Comcast released a statement explaining: "We have spoken with our customer and apologized for this completely unacceptable and inappropriate name change. We have zero tolerance for this type of disrespectful behavior and are conducting a thorough investigation to determine what happened. We are working with our customer to make this right and will take appropriate steps to prevent this from happening again."

title: Comcast

title: Comcast

text: In

text: January

text: a

text: customer

text: named

text: Ricardo

text: Brown

text: received

text: a

text: bill

text: from

text: Comcast

text: with

text: his

text: name

text: changed

text: to

text: Asshole

text: Brown

text: Brown

text: 's

text: wife

text: Lisa

text: believed

text: a

text: Comcast

text: employee

text: changed

text: the

text: name

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: Browns

text: request

text: to

text: cancel

text: their

text: cable

text: service

text: an

text: incident

text: in

text: which

text: she

text: was

text: refused

text: a

text: cancellation

text: unless

text: she

text: paid

text: a

text: fee

text: and

text: instead

text: was

text: routed

text: to

text: a

text: retention

text: specialist

text: Comcast

text: refused

text: to

text: correct

text: the

text: name

text: on

text: their

text: bill

text: after

text: bringing

text: it

text: to

text: the

text: attention

text: of

text: numerous

text: customer

text: service

text: outlets

text: for

text: the

text: company

text: by

text: explaining

text: that

text: Ricardo

text: is

text: the

text: legal

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: customer

text: so

text: the

text: Browns

text: turned

text: to

text: consumer

text: advocate

text: Christopher

text: Elliott

text: Elliott

text: posted

text: the

text: facts

text: of

text: the

text: incident

text: along

text: with

text: a

text: copy

text: of

text: the

text: bill

text: on

text: his

text: blog

text: Shortly

text: thereafter

text: Elliott

text: contacted

text: Comcast

text: and

text: Comcast

text: offered

text: the

text: Browns

text: an

text: apology

text: a

text: refund

text: and

text: a

text: promise

text: to

text: track

text: down

text: and

text: fire

text: the

text: responsible

text: employee

text: The

text: Browns

text: instead

text: requested

text: a

text: full

text: refund

text: for

text: their

text: negative

text: experience

text: and

text: Comcast

text: agreed

text: to

text: refund

text: the

text: family

text: the

text: last

text: two

text: years

text: of

text: service

text: and

text: provide

text: the

text: next

text: two

text: years

text: of

text: service

text: at

text: no

text: charge

text: Comcast

text: released

text: a

text: statement

text: explaining

text: We

text: have

text: spoken

text: with

text: our

text: customer

text: and

text: apologized

text: for

text: this

text: completely

text: unacceptable

text: and

text: inappropriate

text: name

text: change

text: We

text: have

text: zero

text: tolerance

text: for

text: this

text: type

text: of

text: disrespectful

text: behavior

text: and

text: are

text: conducting

text: a

text: thorough

text: investigation

text: to

text: determine

text: what

text: happened

text: We

text: are

text: working

text: with

text: our

text: customer

text: to

text: make

text: this

text: right

text: and

text: will

text: take

text: appropriate

text: steps

text: to

text: prevent

text: this

text: from

text: happening

text: again

question: What name was listed on Comcast customer Ricardo Brown's invoice in January, 2015?

answer: "Asshole Brown"

text: "Asshole Brown"

question: What consumer advocate took over the Brown's case?

answer: Christopher Elliott

text: Christopher Elliott

question: What was the amount of disputed money that Comcast eventually returned to the Browns?

answer: $60

question: Comcast eventually refunded how much service time to the Browns?

answer: two years

text: two years

question: Comcast also told the Browns they would do what to correct the situation with the name change?

answer: promise to track down and fire the responsible employee

text: promise to track down and fire the responsible employee

question: What was the name of the Comcast employee that changed Ricardo's name?

text: Christopher Elliott

question: When did Comcast rectify the situation?

text: January 2015

question: How much did the Browns pay Elliott?

question: What did Lisa post on her blog?

question: How many years did it take Comcast to rectify the situation?

text: two


text: Most hunter-gatherers are nomadic or semi-nomadic and live in temporary settlements. Mobile communities typically construct shelters using impermanent building materials, or they may use natural rock shelters, where they are available.

title: Hunter-gatherer

title: Hunter

title: gatherer

text: Most

text: hunter

text: gatherers

text: are

text: nomadic

text: or

text: semi

text: nomadic

text: and

text: live

text: in

text: temporary

text: settlements

text: Mobile

text: communities

text: typically

text: construct

text: shelters

text: using

text: impermanent

text: building

text: materials

text: or

text: they

text: may

text: use

text: natural

text: rock

text: shelters

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: available

question: What is the lifestyle of hunter-gatherers?

answer: nomadic or semi-nomadic

text: nomadic or semi-nomadic

question: What is the permanence of hunter-gatherer settlements?

answer: temporary

text: temporary

question: What kind of building materials do they use?

answer: impermanent

text: impermanent

question: What kind of natural structure do hunter-gatherers use?

answer: rock shelters

text: rock shelters

question: What is the movement ability of hunter-gathers?

answer: Mobile communities

text: Mobile communities

question: Few hunter-gatherers live in what kind of settlements?

text: temporary

question: Permanent communities typically construct what?

question: What communities use natural wood shelters?

text: Mobile

question: Which communities construct shelters using permanent building materials?

text: Mobile

question: Which communities do not live a nomadic or semi-nomadic life?

text: hunter-gatherers


text: Animals are also involved in the distribution of seeds. Fruit, which is formed by the enlargement of flower parts, is frequently a seed-dispersal tool that attracts animals to eat or otherwise disturb it, incidentally scattering the seeds it contains (see frugivory). Although many such mutualistic relationships remain too fragile to survive competition and to spread widely, flowering proved to be an unusually effective means of reproduction, spreading (whatever its origin) to become the dominant form of land plant life.

title: Flowering_plant

title: Flowering_plant

text: Animals

text: are

text: also

text: involved

text: in

text: the

text: distribution

text: of

text: seeds

text: Fruit

text: which

text: is

text: formed

text: by

text: the

text: enlargement

text: of

text: flower

text: parts

text: is

text: frequently

text: a

text: seed

text: dispersal

text: tool

text: that

text: attracts

text: animals

text: to

text: eat

text: or

text: otherwise

text: disturb

text: it

text: incidentally

text: scattering

text: the

text: seeds

text: it

text: contains

text: see

text: frugivory

text: Although

text: many

text: such

text: mutualistic

text: relationships

text: remain

text: too

text: fragile

text: to

text: survive

text: competition

text: and

text: to

text: spread

text: widely

text: flowering

text: proved

text: to

text: be

text: an

text: unusually

text: effective

text: means

text: of

text: reproduction

text: spreading

text: whatever

text: its

text: origin

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: dominant

text: form

text: of

text: land

text: plant

text: life

question: What are animals also a part of?

answer: distribution of seeds

text: distribution of seeds

question: What did the enlargement of flower parts evolve to form?

answer: Fruit

text: Fruit

question: What does a plant get out of forming fruit?

answer: seed-dispersal

text: seed-dispersal

question: What are many mutualistic relationships, thus failing to survive competition?

answer: fragile

text: fragile

question: What turned out to be unusually effective for plants to reproduce?

answer: flowering

text: flowering

question: What did competition prove to be effective at doing?

text: means of reproduction

question: What did mutualistic relationships spread to eventually become?

text: the dominant form of land plant life

question: How does a plant benefit from competition?

text: seed-dispersal

question: What reproductive method spread widely but made plants fragile?

text: flowering

question: What did accidentally scattering seeds help flower parts evolve to form?

text: Fruit


text: The core culture or Pengngan Chamorro is based on complex social protocol centered upon respect: From sniffing over the hands of the elders (called mangnginge in Chamorro), the passing down of legends, chants, and courtship rituals, to a person asking for permission from spiritual ancestors before entering a jungle or ancient battle grounds. Other practices predating Spanish conquest include galaide' canoe-making, making of the belembaotuyan (a string musical instrument made from a gourd), fashioning of åcho' atupat slings and slingstones, tool manufacture, Måtan Guma' burial rituals, and preparation of herbal medicines by Suruhanu.

title: Guam

title: Guam

text: The

text: core

text: culture

text: or

text: Pengngan

text: Chamorro

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: complex

text: social

text: protocol

text: centered

text: upon

text: respect

text: From

text: sniffing

text: over

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: the

text: elders

text: called

text: mangnginge

text: in

text: Chamorro

text: the

text: passing

text: down

text: of

text: legends

text: chants

text: and

text: courtship

text: rituals

text: to

text: a

text: person

text: asking

text: for

text: permission

text: from

text: spiritual

text: ancestors

text: before

text: entering

text: a

text: jungle

text: or

text: ancient

text: battle

text: grounds

text: Other

text: practices

text: predating

text: Spanish

text: conquest

text: include

text: galaide

text: canoe

text: making

text: making

text: of

text: the

text: belembaotuyan

text: a

text: string

text: musical

text: instrument

text: made

text: from

text: a

text: gourd

text: fashioning

text: of

text: åcho

text: atupat

text: slings

text: and

text: slingstones

text: tool

text: manufacture

text: Måtan

text: Guma

text: burial

text: rituals

text: and

text: preparation

text: of

text: herbal

text: medicines

text: by

text: Suruhanu

question: What is the culture of Pengngan Chamorro based on?

answer: social protocol

text: social protocol

question: What does mangnging refer to that directly involves one major human scense?

answer: sniffing over the hands of the elders

text: sniffing over the hands of the elders

question: What is a belembaotuyan in Guam?

answer: string musical instrument made from a gourd

text: string musical instrument made from a gourd

question: Which culture involves sniffs the feet of elders?

text: Chamorro

question: Which culture is based on very simple social protocols?

text: Pengngan Chamorro

question: What are the Chamorro canoes made of?

text: gourd

question: What is the  Chamorro term for sniffing the feet of elders?

text: mangnginge

question: What are used as slingstones by the Chamorro traditionally?

text: gourd


text: Greeks from Cyprus have a similar history of emigration, usually to the English-speaking world because of the island's colonization by the British Empire. Waves of emigration followed the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974, while the population decreased between mid-1974 and 1977 as a result of emigration, war losses, and a temporary decline in fertility. After the ethnic cleansing of a third of the Greek population of the island in 1974, there was also an increase in the number of Greek Cypriots leaving, especially for the Middle East, which contributed to a decrease in population that tapered off in the 1990s. Today more than two-thirds of the Greek population in Cyprus is urban.

title: Greeks

title: Greeks

text: Greeks

text: from

text: Cyprus

text: have

text: a

text: similar

text: history

text: of

text: emigration

text: usually

text: to

text: the

text: English

text: speaking

text: world

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: colonization

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: Waves

text: of

text: emigration

text: followed

text: the

text: Turkish

text: invasion

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: in

text: while

text: the

text: population

text: decreased

text: between

text: and

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: emigration

text: war

text: losses

text: and

text: a

text: temporary

text: decline

text: in

text: fertility

text: After

text: the

text: ethnic

text: cleansing

text: of

text: a

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: in

text: there

text: was

text: also

text: an

text: increase

text: in

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: Greek

text: Cypriots

text: leaving

text: especially

text: for

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: which

text: contributed

text: to

text: a

text: decrease

text: in

text: population

text: that

text: tapered

text: off

text: in

text: the

text: Today

text: more

text: than

text: two

text: thirds

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: population

text: in

text: Cyprus

text: is

text: urban

question: Which colonial enterprise for land was the Greek Isles a part of

answer: British Empire

text: British Empire

question: Who was living on with the Greeks in Cyprus s 1974 ?

answer: Turkish

text: Turkish

question: Whee these new inhabitants welcomed ?

answer: Turkish invasion of Cyprus

text: Turkish invasion of Cyprus

question: During the early seventies where did most Cyprus Greeks decide to go ?

answer: the Middle East

text: the Middle East

question: Which colonial enterprise for land was the Greek Isles not a part of?

text: British Empire

question: Who was living on with the Irish in Cyprus in 1974?

text: Turkish

question: Who invaded Turkey?

text: Turkish invasion of Cyprus

question: During the early eighties where did most Cyprus Greeks decide to go

text: Middle East


text: Brasília (Portuguese pronunciation: [bɾaˈziljɐ]) is the federal capital of Brazil and seat of government of the Federal District. The city is located atop the Brazilian highlands in the country's center-western region. It was founded on April 21, 1960, to serve as the new national capital. Brasília and its metro (encompassing the whole of the Federal District) had a population of 2,556,149 in 2011, making it the 4th most populous city in Brazil. Among major Latin American cities, Brasília has the highest GDP per capita at R$61,915 (US$36,175).

title: Bras%C3%ADlia

title: Bras%C3%ADlia

text: Brasília

text: Portuguese

text: pronunciation

text: bɾaˈziljɐ

text: is

text: the

text: federal

text: capital

text: of

text: Brazil

text: and

text: seat

text: of

text: government

text: of

text: the

text: Federal

text: District

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: located

text: atop

text: the

text: Brazilian

text: highlands

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: center

text: western

text: region

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: on

text: April

text: to

text: serve

text: as

text: the

text: new

text: national

text: capital

text: Brasília

text: and

text: its

text: metro

text: encompassing

text: the

text: whole

text: of

text: the

text: Federal

text: District

text: had

text: a

text: population

text: of

text: in

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: in

text: Brazil

text: Among

text: major

text: Latin

text: American

text: cities

text: Brasília

text: has

text: the

text: highest

text: GDP

text: per

text: capita

text: at

text: US$

question: What is Brazil's capital?

answer: Brasília

text: Brasília

question: What region of Brazil is Brasilia in?

answer: center-western

text: center-western

question: What is Brasilia's GDP per capita in US dollars?

answer: US$36,175

question: What is the population of Brasilia's metro area?

answer: 2,556,149

question: When was Brasilia founded?

answer: April 21, 1960

text: April 21, 1960

question: What Portugese District is the capital of Brazil?

text: Brasília

question: Where is Brasilia's metro located?

text: atop the Brazilian highlands

question: When was Brasilia founded to serve as the metro?

text: April 21, 1960

question: What is the population of Brasilia's Federal District?

question: What was the population of Brasilia and its metro in 1960?


text: Fimbriae (sometimes called "attachment pili") are fine filaments of protein, usually 2–10 nanometres in diameter and up to several micrometers in length. They are distributed over the surface of the cell, and resemble fine hairs when seen under the electron microscope. Fimbriae are believed to be involved in attachment to solid surfaces or to other cells, and are essential for the virulence of some bacterial pathogens. Pili (sing. pilus) are cellular appendages, slightly larger than fimbriae, that can transfer genetic material between bacterial cells in a process called conjugation where they are called conjugation pili or "sex pili" (see bacterial genetics, below). They can also generate movement where they are called type IV pili (see movement, below).

title: Bacteria

title: Bacteria

text: Fimbriae

text: sometimes

text: called

text: attachment

text: pili

text: are

text: fine

text: filaments

text: of

text: protein

text: usually

text: nanometres

text: in

text: diameter

text: and

text: up

text: to

text: several

text: micrometers

text: in

text: length

text: They

text: are

text: distributed

text: over

text: the

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: cell

text: and

text: resemble

text: fine

text: hairs

text: when

text: seen

text: under

text: the

text: electron

text: microscope

text: Fimbriae

text: are

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: involved

text: in

text: attachment

text: to

text: solid

text: surfaces

text: or

text: to

text: other

text: cells

text: and

text: are

text: essential

text: for

text: the

text: virulence

text: of

text: some

text: bacterial

text: pathogens

text: Pili

text: sing

text: pilus

text: are

text: cellular

text: appendages

text: slightly

text: larger

text: than

text: fimbriae

text: that

text: can

text: transfer

text: genetic

text: material

text: between

text: bacterial

text: cells

text: in

text: a

text: process

text: called

text: conjugation

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: called

text: conjugation

text: pili

text: or

text: sex

text: pili

text: see

text: bacterial

text: genetics

text: below

text: They

text: can

text: also

text: generate

text: movement

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: called

text: type

text: IV

text: pili

text: see

text: movement

text: below

question: What are fimbriae?

answer: fine filaments of protein

text: fine filaments of protein

question: What is the diameter of fimbriae?

answer: 2–10 nanometres

text: 2–10 nanometres

question: What are fimbriae liable for?

answer: involved in attachment to solid surfaces or to other cells

text: involved in attachment to solid surfaces or to other cells

question: What are pili?

answer: cellular appendages

text: cellular appendages


text: An influential school of phonology in the interwar period was the Prague school. One of its leading members was Prince Nikolai Trubetzkoy, whose Grundzüge der Phonologie (Principles of Phonology), published posthumously in 1939, is among the most important works in the field from this period. Directly influenced by Baudouin de Courtenay, Trubetzkoy is considered the founder of morphophonology, although this concept had also been recognized by de Courtenay. Trubetzkoy also developed the concept of the archiphoneme. Another important figure in the Prague school was Roman Jakobson, who was one of the most prominent linguists of the 20th century.

title: Phonology

title: Phonology

text: An

text: influential

text: school

text: of

text: phonology

text: in

text: the

text: interwar

text: period

text: was

text: the

text: Prague

text: school

text: One

text: of

text: its

text: leading

text: members

text: was

text: Prince

text: Nikolai

text: Trubetzkoy

text: whose

text: Grundzüge

text: der

text: Phonologie

text: Principles

text: of

text: Phonology

text: published

text: posthumously

text: in

text: is

text: among

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: works

text: in

text: the

text: field

text: from

text: this

text: period

text: Directly

text: influenced

text: by

text: Baudouin

text: de

text: Courtenay

text: Trubetzkoy

text: is

text: considered

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: morphophonology

text: although

text: this

text: concept

text: had

text: also

text: been

text: recognized

text: by

text: de

text: Courtenay

text: Trubetzkoy

text: also

text: developed

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: the

text: archiphoneme

text: Another

text: important

text: figure

text: in

text: the

text: Prague

text: school

text: was

text: Roman

text: Jakobson

text: who

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: linguists

text: of

text: the

text: century

question: What was Nikolai Trubetzkoy's publication?

answer: Principles of Phonology

text: Principles of Phonology

question: When was Principles of Phonology published?

answer: 1939

question: What is Trubetzkoy considered to have founded?

answer: morphophonology

text: morphophonology

question: What school was Trubetzkoy a member of?

answer: the Prague school.

text: the Prague school.

question: What was Trubetzkoy's title?

answer: Prince

text: Prince

question: What was Baudouin de Courtenay's publication?

text: Principles of Phonology

question: When was Principles of Phonology made into a movie?

question: What is de Courtenay considered to have founded?

text: morphophonology

question: What school was de Courtenay a member of?

text: the Prague school

question: What was de Courtenay's title?

text: Prince


text: In the city, 24.6% of the population were under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.3 years. For every 100 females there were 96.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.4 males.

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

title: Atlantic_City,_New_Jersey

text: In

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: were

text: under

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: from

text: to

text: from

text: to

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: who

text: were

text: years

text: of

text: age

text: or

text: older

text: The

text: median

text: age

text: was

text: years

text: For

text: every

text: females

text: there

text: were

text: males

text: For

text: every

text: females

text: age

text: and

text: over

text: there

text: were

text: males

question: What percentage of the population was under the age of 18?

answer: 24.6%

question: What percentage of the population was 65 years of age or older?

answer: 12.7%

question: What was the median age?

answer: 36.3 years

text: 36.3 years


text: The central oscillator generates a self-sustaining rhythm and is driven by two interacting feedback loops that are active at different times of day. The morning loop consists of CCA1 (Circadian and Clock-Associated 1) and LHY (Late Elongated Hypocotyl), which encode closely related MYB transcription factors that regulate circadian rhythms in Arabidopsis, as well as PRR 7 and 9 (Pseudo-Response Regulators.) The evening loop consists of GI (Gigantea) and ELF4, both involved in regulation of flowering time genes. When CCA1 and LHY are overexpressed (under constant light or dark conditions), plants become arrhythmic, and mRNA signals reduce, contributing to a negative feedback loop. Gene expression of CCA1 and LHY oscillates and peaks in the early morning, whereas TOC1 gene expression oscillates and peaks in the early evening. While it was previously hypothesised that these three genes model a negative feedback loop in which over-expressed CCA1 and LHY repress TOC1 and over-expressed TOC1 is a positive regulator of CCA1 and LHY, it was shown in 2012 by Andrew Millar and others that TOC1 in fact serves as a repressor not only of CCA1, LHY, and PRR7 and 9 in the morning loop but also of GI and ELF4 in the evening loop. This finding and further computational modeling of TOC1 gene functions and interactions suggest a reframing of the plant circadian clock as a triple negative-component repressilator model rather than the positive/negative-element feedback loop characterizing the clock in mammals.

title: Circadian_rhythm

title: Circadian_rhythm

text: The

text: central

text: oscillator

text: generates

text: a

text: self

text: sustaining

text: rhythm

text: and

text: is

text: driven

text: by

text: two

text: interacting

text: feedback

text: loops

text: that

text: are

text: active

text: at

text: different

text: times

text: of

text: day

text: The

text: morning

text: loop

text: consists

text: of

text: Circadian

text: and

text: Clock

text: Associated

text: and

text: LHY

text: Late

text: Elongated

text: Hypocotyl

text: which

text: encode

text: closely

text: related

text: MYB

text: transcription

text: factors

text: that

text: regulate

text: circadian

text: rhythms

text: in

text: Arabidopsis

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: PRR

text: and

text: Pseudo

text: Response

text: Regulators

text: The

text: evening

text: loop

text: consists

text: of

text: GI

text: Gigantea

text: and

text: both

text: involved

text: in

text: regulation

text: of

text: flowering

text: time

text: genes

text: When

text: and

text: LHY

text: are

text: overexpressed

text: under

text: constant

text: light

text: or

text: dark

text: conditions

text: plants

text: become

text: arrhythmic

text: and

text: mRNA

text: signals

text: reduce

text: contributing

text: to

text: a

text: negative

text: feedback

text: loop

text: Gene

text: expression

text: of

text: and

text: LHY

text: oscillates

text: and

text: peaks

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: morning

text: whereas

text: gene

text: expression

text: oscillates

text: and

text: peaks

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: evening

text: While

text: it

text: was

text: previously

text: hypothesised

text: that

text: these

text: three

text: genes

text: model

text: a

text: negative

text: feedback

text: loop

text: in

text: which

text: over

text: expressed

text: and

text: LHY

text: repress

text: and

text: over

text: expressed

text: is

text: a

text: positive

text: regulator

text: of

text: and

text: LHY

text: it

text: was

text: shown

text: in

text: by

text: Andrew

text: Millar

text: and

text: others

text: that

text: in

text: fact

text: serves

text: as

text: a

text: repressor

text: not

text: only

text: of

text: LHY

text: and

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: morning

text: loop

text: but

text: also

text: of

text: GI

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: evening

text: loop

text: This

text: finding

text: and

text: further

text: computational

text: modeling

text: of

text: gene

text: functions

text: and

text: interactions

text: suggest

text: a

text: reframing

text: of

text: the

text: plant

text: circadian

text: clock

text: as

text: a

text: triple

text: negative

text: component

text: repressilator

text: model

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: positive

text: negative

text: element

text: feedback

text: loop

text: characterizing

text: the

text: clock

text: in

text: mammals

question: What produces a self-sustaining rhythm?

answer: central oscillator

text: central oscillator

question: When do the CCA1  and LHY function?

answer: morning

text: morning

question: Which loop that consists of GI and ELF4 functions?

answer: evening

text: evening

question: What was the previous belief of feedback in the gene loop?

answer: negative feedback loop

text: negative feedback loop

question: What researcher showed that the gene  feedback loop serves as a repressor?

answer: Andrew Millar

text: Andrew Millar

question: What is driven by  single feedback loop?

text: central oscillator

question: When do CCA1 ELF4 function?

text: morning

question: When do GI and LHY function?

text: evening

question: What does increased mRNA signals contribute to?

text: a negative feedback loop

question: What did Andrew Millar show in 2000?

text: TOC1 in fact serves as a repressor


text: The Roland Levinsky building, the landmark building of the University of Plymouth, is located in the city's central quarter. Designed by leading architect Henning Larsen, the building was opened in 2008 and houses the University's Arts faculty. It has been consistently considered one of the UK's most beautiful university buildings.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: The

text: Roland

text: Levinsky

text: building

text: the

text: landmark

text: building

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Plymouth

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: central

text: quarter

text: Designed

text: by

text: leading

text: architect

text: Henning

text: Larsen

text: the

text: building

text: was

text: opened

text: in

text: and

text: houses

text: the

text: University

text: 's

text: Arts

text: faculty

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: consistently

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: UK

text: 's

text: most

text: beautiful

text: university

text: buildings

question: Who designed the Roland Levinsky building?

answer: Henning Larsen

text: Henning Larsen

question: When did the Roland Levinsky building open?

answer: 2008

question: Of what university is the Roland Levinsky building a part?

answer: University of Plymouth

text: University of Plymouth

question: What academic discipline at the university is based in the Roland Levinsky building?

answer: Arts

text: Arts

question: What part of Plymouth is the Roland Levinsky building situated in?

answer: the city's central quarter

text: the city's central quarter


text: The Gram stain, developed in 1884 by Hans Christian Gram, characterises bacteria based on the structural characteristics of their cell walls. The thick layers of peptidoglycan in the "Gram-positive" cell wall stain purple, while the thin "Gram-negative" cell wall appears pink. By combining morphology and Gram-staining, most bacteria can be classified as belonging to one of four groups (Gram-positive cocci, Gram-positive bacilli, Gram-negative cocci and Gram-negative bacilli). Some organisms are best identified by stains other than the Gram stain, particularly mycobacteria or Nocardia, which show acid-fastness on Ziehl–Neelsen or similar stains. Other organisms may need to be identified by their growth in special media, or by other techniques, such as serology.

title: Bacteria

title: Bacteria

text: The

text: Gram

text: stain

text: developed

text: in

text: by

text: Hans

text: Christian

text: Gram

text: characterises

text: bacteria

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: structural

text: characteristics

text: of

text: their

text: cell

text: walls

text: The

text: thick

text: layers

text: of

text: peptidoglycan

text: in

text: the

text: Gram

text: positive

text: cell

text: wall

text: stain

text: purple

text: while

text: the

text: thin

text: Gram

text: negative

text: cell

text: wall

text: appears

text: pink

text: By

text: combining

text: morphology

text: and

text: Gram

text: staining

text: most

text: bacteria

text: can

text: be

text: classified

text: as

text: belonging

text: to

text: one

text: of

text: four

text: groups

text: Gram

text: positive

text: cocci

text: Gram

text: positive

text: bacilli

text: Gram

text: negative

text: cocci

text: and

text: Gram

text: negative

text: bacilli

text: Some

text: organisms

text: are

text: best

text: identified

text: by

text: stains

text: other

text: than

text: the

text: Gram

text: stain

text: particularly

text: mycobacteria

text: or

text: Nocardia

text: which

text: show

text: acid

text: fastness

text: on

text: Ziehl

text: Neelsen

text: or

text: similar

text: stains

text: Other

text: organisms

text: may

text: need

text: to

text: be

text: identified

text: by

text: their

text: growth

text: in

text: special

text: media

text: or

text: by

text: other

text: techniques

text: such

text: as

text: serology

question: What was developed by Hans Christian  Gram?

answer: The Gram stain

text: The Gram stain

question: What year was the Grahm stain was developed?

answer: 1884

question: What color do Gram positive bacteria cell walls turn to after being stained?

answer: purple

text: purple

question: What color is typical for Gram-negative bacteria after staining?

answer: pink

text: pink

question: What stain shows better test results on Norcadia bacteria?

answer: Ziehl–Neelsen

text: Ziehl–Neelsen