text: The BBC began its own regular television programming from the basement of Broadcasting House, London, on 22 August 1932. The studio moved to larger quarters in 16 Portland Place, London, in February 1934, and continued broadcasting the 30-line images, carried by telephone line to the medium wave transmitter at Brookmans Park, until 11 September 1935, by which time advances in all-electronic television systems made the electromechanical broadcasts obsolete.

title: BBC_Television

title: BBC_Television

text: The

text: BBC

text: began

text: its

text: own

text: regular

text: television

text: programming

text: from

text: the

text: basement

text: of

text: Broadcasting

text: House

text: London

text: on

text: August

text: The

text: studio

text: moved

text: to

text: larger

text: quarters

text: in

text: Portland

text: Place

text: London

text: in

text: February

text: and

text: continued

text: broadcasting

text: the

text: images

text: carried

text: by

text: telephone

text: line

text: to

text: the

text: medium

text: wave

text: transmitter

text: at

text: Brookmans

text: Park

text: until

text: September

text: by

text: which

text: time

text: advances

text: in

text: all

text: electronic

text: television

text: systems

text: made

text: the

text: electromechanical

text: broadcasts

text: obsolete

question: Where was the BBC's first studio located?

answer: Broadcasting House, London

text: Broadcasting House, London

question: What was the medium that brought the BBC's signal to the transmitter?

answer: telephone line

text: telephone line

question: What term characterizes the type of broadcast made by the BBC prior to late 1935?

answer: electromechanical

text: electromechanical

question: Where was the BBC's second studio located?

answer: 16 Portland Place, London

text: 16 Portland Place, London

question: When did the BBC first change studios?

answer: February 1934

text: February 1934

question: What did the BBC begin on 30 August 1932?

text: its own regular television programming

question: Where did the studio move to in February 1935?

text: 16 Portland Place, London

question: When were 35-line images broadcast until?

text: 11 September 1935

question: What was carried from medium wave transmitters to telephone lines?

text: 30-line images

question: What park were the telephone lines located in?

text: Brookmans Park


text: St. John's was the starting point for the first non-stop transatlantic aircraft flight, by Alcock and Brown in a modified Vickers Vimy IV bomber, in June 1919, departing from Lester's Field in St. John's and ending in a bog near Clifden, Connemara, Ireland. In July 2005, the flight was duplicated by American aviator and adventurer Steve Fossett in a replica Vickers Vimy aircraft, with St. John's International Airport substituting for Lester's Field (now an urban and residential part of the city).

title: St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador

title: St._John%27s,_Newfoundland_and_Labrador

text: St.

text: John

text: 's

text: was

text: the

text: starting

text: point

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: non

text: stop

text: transatlantic

text: aircraft

text: flight

text: by

text: Alcock

text: and

text: Brown

text: in

text: a

text: modified

text: Vickers

text: Vimy

text: IV

text: bomber

text: in

text: June

text: departing

text: from

text: Lester

text: 's

text: Field

text: in

text: St.

text: John

text: 's

text: and

text: ending

text: in

text: a

text: bog

text: near

text: Clifden

text: Connemara

text: Ireland

text: In

text: July

text: the

text: flight

text: was

text: duplicated

text: by

text: American

text: aviator

text: and

text: adventurer

text: Steve

text: Fossett

text: in

text: a

text: replica

text: Vickers

text: Vimy

text: aircraft

text: with

text: St.

text: John

text: 's

text: International

text: Airport

text: substituting

text: for

text: Lester

text: 's

text: Field

text: now

text: an

text: urban

text: and

text: residential

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: city

question: Who flew the first non-stop transatlantic aircraft flight?

answer: Alcock and Brown

text: Alcock and Brown

question: What aircraft did Alcock and Brown use in 1919 for their flight?

answer: Vickers Vimy IV bomber

text: Vickers Vimy IV bomber

question: Where in St. John's did Alcock and Brown depart from in June 1919?

answer: Lester's Field

text: Lester's Field

question: Who duplicated Alcock and Brown flight in 2005?

answer: Steve Fossett

text: Steve Fossett

question: What aircraft did Steve Fossett use for his flight in July 2005?

answer: replica Vickers Vimy

text: replica Vickers Vimy

question: What was the end point for the first transatlantic aircraft flight?

text: St. John's

question: Who ended their flight at Lester's field in St John's in June of 1919?

text: Alcock and Brown

question: What did Alcock and Brown fly across the Atlantic in during their 19th century flight?

text: Vickers Vimy IV bomber

question: Who replicated Alcock and Browns flight in the 20th century?

text: Steve Fossett


text: Inheritance in plants follows the same fundamental principles of genetics as in other multicellular organisms. Gregor Mendel discovered the genetic laws of inheritance by studying inherited traits such as shape in Pisum sativum (peas). What Mendel learned from studying plants has had far reaching benefits outside of botany. Similarly, "jumping genes" were discovered by Barbara McClintock while she was studying maize. Nevertheless, there are some distinctive genetic differences between plants and other organisms.

title: Botany

title: Botany

text: Inheritance

text: in

text: plants

text: follows

text: the

text: same

text: fundamental

text: principles

text: of

text: genetics

text: as

text: in

text: other

text: multicellular

text: organisms

text: Gregor

text: Mendel

text: discovered

text: the

text: genetic

text: laws

text: of

text: inheritance

text: by

text: studying

text: inherited

text: traits

text: such

text: as

text: shape

text: in

text: Pisum

text: sativum

text: peas

text: What

text: Mendel

text: learned

text: from

text: studying

text: plants

text: has

text: had

text: far

text: reaching

text: benefits

text: outside

text: of

text: botany

text: Similarly

text: jumping

text: genes

text: were

text: discovered

text: by

text: Barbara

text: McClintock

text: while

text: she

text: was

text: studying

text: maize

text: Nevertheless

text: there

text: are

text: some

text: distinctive

text: genetic

text: differences

text: between

text: plants

text: and

text: other

text: organisms

question: Does inheritance work differently in plants?

answer: same fundamental principles of genetics

text: same fundamental principles of genetics

question: What plant did Mendel use to demonstrate inheritance?

answer: Pisum sativum (peas)

text: Pisum sativum (peas)

question: What other plant was used in the discovery of different genes?

answer: maize

text: maize

question: Are plants and animals genetically the same?

answer: distinctive genetic differences

text: distinctive genetic differences


text: Purebred dogs of one breed are genetically distinguishable from purebred dogs of other breeds, but the means by which kennel clubs classify dogs is unsystematic. Systematic analyses of the dog genome has revealed only four major types of dogs that can be said to be statistically distinct. These include the "old world dogs" (e.g., Malamute and Shar Pei), "Mastiff"-type (e.g., English Mastiff), "herding"-type (e.g., Border Collie), and "all others" (also called "modern"- or "hunting"-type).

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: Purebred

text: dogs

text: of

text: one

text: breed

text: are

text: genetically

text: distinguishable

text: from

text: purebred

text: dogs

text: of

text: other

text: breeds

text: but

text: the

text: means

text: by

text: which

text: kennel

text: clubs

text: classify

text: dogs

text: is

text: unsystematic

text: Systematic

text: analyses

text: of

text: the

text: dog

text: genome

text: has

text: revealed

text: only

text: four

text: major

text: types

text: of

text: dogs

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: said

text: to

text: be

text: statistically

text: distinct

text: These

text: include

text: the

text: old

text: world

text: dogs

text: e.g.

text: Malamute

text: and

text: Shar

text: Pei

text: Mastiff

text: type

text: e.g.

text: English

text: Mastiff

text: herding

text: type

text: e.g.

text: Border

text: Collie

text: and

text: all

text: others

text: also

text: called

text: modern"-

text: or

text: hunting

text: type

question: The methods kennel clubs used to classify dogs is what?

answer: unsystematic.

text: unsystematic.

question: A scientific study of dog genetics has shown only how many  types of dogs being determinably distinct?

answer: four

text: four

question: What, according to the text, are two examples of "old world" dogs?

answer: Malamute and Shar Pei

text: Malamute and Shar Pei

question: the Border collie is an example of what type of dog?

answer: herding

text: herding

question: How many main types of dogs are there?

answer: four

text: four

question: What type of dogs are Shar Peis?

answer: old world dogs

text: old world dogs

question: What are the other modern and hunting types of dogs called?

answer: all others

text: all others


text: Although the Russian Caucasus Army of Imperial forces commanded by Nikolai Yudenich and Armenians in volunteer units and Armenian militia led by Andranik Ozanian and Tovmas Nazarbekian succeeded in gaining most of Ottoman Armenia during World War I, their gains were lost with the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917.[citation needed] At the time, Russian-controlled Eastern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan attempted to bond together in the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic. This federation, however, lasted from only February to May 1918, when all three parties decided to dissolve it. As a result, the Dashnaktsutyun government of Eastern Armenia declared its independence on 28 May as the First Republic of Armenia under the leadership of Aram Manukian.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: Although

text: the

text: Russian

text: Caucasus

text: Army

text: of

text: Imperial

text: forces

text: commanded

text: by

text: Nikolai

text: Yudenich

text: and

text: Armenians

text: in

text: volunteer

text: units

text: and

text: Armenian

text: militia

text: led

text: by

text: Andranik

text: Ozanian

text: and

text: Tovmas

text: Nazarbekian

text: succeeded

text: in

text: gaining

text: most

text: of

text: Ottoman

text: Armenia

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: their

text: gains

text: were

text: lost

text: with

text: the

text: Bolshevik

text: Revolution

text: of

text: needed

text: At

text: the

text: time

text: Russian

text: controlled

text: Eastern

text: Armenia

text: Georgia

text: and

text: Azerbaijan

text: attempted

text: to

text: bond

text: together

text: in

text: the

text: Transcaucasian

text: Democratic

text: Federative

text: Republic

text: This

text: federation

text: however

text: lasted

text: from

text: only

text: February

text: to

text: May

text: when

text: all

text: three

text: parties

text: decided

text: to

text: dissolve

text: it

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: the

text: Dashnaktsutyun

text: government

text: of

text: Eastern

text: Armenia

text: declared

text: its

text: independence

text: on

text: May

text: as

text: the

text: First

text: Republic

text: of

text: Armenia

text: under

text: the

text: leadership

text: of

text: Aram

text: Manukian

question: Who was in charge of the Russian Caucasus Army of Imperial forces?

answer: Nikolai Yudenich

text: Nikolai Yudenich

question: Who was the leader of the Armenian militia?

answer: Andranik Ozanian

text: Andranik Ozanian

question: When was the Bolshevik Revolution?

answer: 1917

question: Who formed the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic?

answer: Eastern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan

text: Eastern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan

question: When did the Dashnaktsutyun declare independence?

answer: May 1918

text: May 1918


text: The tribes were ruled by clans (ród) consisting of people related by blood or marriage and theoretically descending from a common ancestor, giving the ród/clan a highly developed sense of solidarity. (See gens.) The starosta (or starszyna) had judicial and military power over the ród/clan, although this power was often exercised with an assembly of elders. Strongholds called grόd were built where the religious cult was powerful, where trials were conducted, and where clans gathered in the face of danger. The opole was the territory occupied by a single tribe. (Manteuffel 1982, p. 44)

title: Szlachta

title: Szlachta

text: The

text: tribes

text: were

text: ruled

text: by

text: clans

text: ród

text: consisting

text: of

text: people

text: related

text: by

text: blood

text: or

text: marriage

text: and

text: theoretically

text: descending

text: from

text: a

text: common

text: ancestor

text: giving

text: the

text: ród

text: clan

text: a

text: highly

text: developed

text: sense

text: of

text: solidarity

text: See

text: gens

text: The

text: starosta

text: or

text: starszyna

text: had

text: judicial

text: and

text: military

text: power

text: over

text: the

text: ród

text: clan

text: although

text: this

text: power

text: was

text: often

text: exercised

text: with

text: an

text: assembly

text: of

text: elders

text: Strongholds

text: called

text: grόd

text: were

text: built

text: where

text: the

text: religious

text: cult

text: was

text: powerful

text: where

text: trials

text: were

text: conducted

text: and

text: where

text: clans

text: gathered

text: in

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: danger

text: The

text: opole

text: was

text: the

text: territory

text: occupied

text: by

text: a

text: single

text: tribe

text: Manteuffel

text: p.

question: What ruled over the tribes?

answer: clans (ród)

text: clans (ród)

question: What did the clans people all have in common?

answer: theoretically descending from a common ancestor

text: theoretically descending from a common ancestor

question: What gave them a sense of solidarity?

answer: related by blood or marriage

text: related by blood or marriage

question: What were stronghold called?

answer: grόd

text: grόd

question: What was the territory occupied by a single tribe?

answer: opole

text: opole


text: Earth was initially molten due to extreme volcanism and frequent collisions with other bodies. Eventually, the outer layer of the planet cooled to form a solid crust when water began accumulating in the atmosphere. The Moon formed soon afterwards, possibly as the result of a Mars-sized object with about 10% of the Earth's mass impacting the planet in a glancing blow. Some of this object's mass merged with the Earth, significantly altering its internal composition, and a portion was ejected into space. Some of the material survived to form an orbiting moon. Outgassing and volcanic activity produced the primordial atmosphere. Condensing water vapor, augmented by ice delivered from comets, produced the oceans.

title: Geological_history_of_Earth

title: Geological_history_of_Earth

text: Earth

text: was

text: initially

text: molten

text: due

text: to

text: extreme

text: volcanism

text: and

text: frequent

text: collisions

text: with

text: other

text: bodies

text: Eventually

text: the

text: outer

text: layer

text: of

text: the

text: planet

text: cooled

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: solid

text: crust

text: when

text: water

text: began

text: accumulating

text: in

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: The

text: Moon

text: formed

text: soon

text: afterwards

text: possibly

text: as

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: a

text: Mars

text: sized

text: object

text: with

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: mass

text: impacting

text: the

text: planet

text: in

text: a

text: glancing

text: blow

text: Some

text: of

text: this

text: object

text: 's

text: mass

text: merged

text: with

text: the

text: Earth

text: significantly

text: altering

text: its

text: internal

text: composition

text: and

text: a

text: portion

text: was

text: ejected

text: into

text: space

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: material

text: survived

text: to

text: form

text: an

text: orbiting

text: moon

text: Outgassing

text: and

text: volcanic

text: activity

text: produced

text: the

text: primordial

text: atmosphere

text: Condensing

text: water

text: vapor

text: augmented

text: by

text: ice

text: delivered

text: from

text: comets

text: produced

text: the

text: oceans

question: Powerful volcanism contributed to cause early earth to be in what state?

answer: molten

text: molten

question: What occurred in the atmosphere of the earth after the crust was formed?

answer: water began accumulating

text: water began accumulating

question: What size of object may have created the moon?

answer: Mars

text: Mars

question: When water was creating the oceans what was happening to atmospheric water vapor?

answer: Condensing

text: Condensing

question: What formed as water accumulated?

text: a solid crust

question: What cused the Earths solid crust to become molten?

text: volcanism and frequent collisions

question: How does the mass of the moon compare to the mass of the Earth?

text: about 10% of the Earth's mass

question: What broke away a piece of the earth to form the moon?

text: a Mars-sized object

question: What caused water vapor to evaporate?

text: volcanic activity


text: Concerns have often been raised over the buying public's moral complicity in purchasing products assembled or otherwise manufactured in developing countries with child labour. However, others have raised concerns that boycotting products manufactured through child labour may force these children to turn to more dangerous or strenuous professions, such as prostitution or agriculture. For example, a UNICEF study found that after the Child Labour Deterrence Act was introduced in the US, an estimated 50,000 children were dismissed from their garment industry jobs in Bangladesh, leaving many to resort to jobs such as "stone-crushing, street hustling, and prostitution", jobs that are "more hazardous and exploitative than garment production". The study suggests that boycotts are "blunt instruments with long-term consequences, that can actually harm rather than help the children involved."

title: Child_labour

title: Child_labour

text: Concerns

text: have

text: often

text: been

text: raised

text: over

text: the

text: buying

text: public

text: 's

text: moral

text: complicity

text: in

text: purchasing

text: products

text: assembled

text: or

text: otherwise

text: manufactured

text: in

text: developing

text: countries

text: with

text: child

text: labour

text: However

text: others

text: have

text: raised

text: concerns

text: that

text: boycotting

text: products

text: manufactured

text: through

text: child

text: labour

text: may

text: force

text: these

text: children

text: to

text: turn

text: to

text: more

text: dangerous

text: or

text: strenuous

text: professions

text: such

text: as

text: prostitution

text: or

text: agriculture

text: For

text: example

text: a

text: UNICEF

text: study

text: found

text: that

text: after

text: the

text: Child

text: Labour

text: Deterrence

text: Act

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: an

text: estimated

text: children

text: were

text: dismissed

text: from

text: their

text: garment

text: industry

text: jobs

text: in

text: Bangladesh

text: leaving

text: many

text: to

text: resort

text: to

text: jobs

text: such

text: as

text: stone

text: crushing

text: street

text: hustling

text: and

text: prostitution

text: jobs

text: that

text: are

text: more

text: hazardous

text: and

text: exploitative

text: than

text: garment

text: production

text: The

text: study

text: suggests

text: that

text: boycotts

text: are

text: blunt

text: instruments

text: with

text: long

text: term

text: consequences

text: that

text: can

text: actually

text: harm

text: rather

text: than

text: help

text: the

text: children

text: involved

question: What do some feel may happen if child labour products were completely rejected by society as a whole?

answer: may force these children to turn to more dangerous or strenuous professions, such as prostitution

text: may force these children to turn to more dangerous or strenuous professions, such as prostitution

question: What happened to the 50,000 children in the UNICEF study?

answer: stone-crushing, street hustling, and prostitution"

text: stone-crushing, street hustling, and prostitution"

question: What does the study say in regards to boycotts?

answer: that can actually harm rather than help the children involved."

text: that can actually harm rather than help the children involved."


text: Definitions vary on the precise boundaries of the Appalachians. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) defines the Appalachian Highlands physiographic division as consisting of thirteen provinces: the Atlantic Coast Uplands, Eastern Newfoundland Atlantic, Maritime Acadian Highlands, Maritime Plain, Notre Dame and Mégantic Mountains, Western Newfoundland Mountains, Piedmont, Blue Ridge, Valley and Ridge, Saint Lawrence Valley, Appalachian Plateaus, New England province, and the Adirondack provinces. A common variant definition does not include the Adirondack Mountains, which geologically belong to the Grenville Orogeny and have a different geological history from the rest of the Appalachians.

title: Appalachian_Mountains

title: Appalachian_Mountains

text: Definitions

text: vary

text: on

text: the

text: precise

text: boundaries

text: of

text: the

text: Appalachians

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: Geological

text: Survey

text: USGS

text: defines

text: the

text: Appalachian

text: Highlands

text: physiographic

text: division

text: as

text: consisting

text: of

text: thirteen

text: provinces

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Coast

text: Uplands

text: Eastern

text: Newfoundland

text: Atlantic

text: Maritime

text: Acadian

text: Highlands

text: Maritime

text: Plain

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: and

text: Mégantic

text: Mountains

text: Western

text: Newfoundland

text: Mountains

text: Piedmont

text: Blue

text: Ridge

text: Valley

text: and

text: Ridge

text: Saint

text: Lawrence

text: Valley

text: Appalachian

text: Plateaus

text: New

text: England

text: province

text: and

text: the

text: Adirondack

text: provinces

text: A

text: common

text: variant

text: definition

text: does

text: not

text: include

text: the

text: Adirondack

text: Mountains

text: which

text: geologically

text: belong

text: to

text: the

text: Grenville

text: Orogeny

text: and

text: have

text: a

text: different

text: geological

text: history

text: from

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: Appalachians

question: How many provinces are in the mountain range?

answer: thirteen provinces

text: thirteen provinces

question: What is one of the provinces?

answer: the Atlantic Coast Uplands

text: the Atlantic Coast Uplands

question: Which province is often left out?

answer: the Adirondack provinces

text: the Adirondack provinces

question: What set of mountains in the range have a different geological history?

answer: the Adirondack Mountains

text: the Adirondack Mountains

question: How many provinces does the Grenville Orogeny have?

text: thirteen

question: What is the name of the province that is constant throughout various definitions?

text: the Adirondack Mountains

question: What has a similar geological history to the Appalachians?

text: Grenville Orogeny

question: What is the name of the organization that leaves out the Adirondack Mountains?

question: What definition of the mountains remains constant?

text: the precise boundaries


text: The first satellite, BeiDou-1A, was launched on 30 October 2000, followed by BeiDou-1B on 20 December 2000. The third satellite, BeiDou-1C (a backup satellite), was put into orbit on 25 May 2003. The successful launch of BeiDou-1C also meant the establishment of the BeiDou-1 navigation system.

title: BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System

title: BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System

text: The

text: first

text: satellite

text: was

text: launched

text: on

text: October

text: followed

text: by

text: on

text: December

text: The

text: third

text: satellite

text: a

text: backup

text: satellite

text: was

text: put

text: into

text: orbit

text: on

text: May

text: The

text: successful

text: launch

text: of

text: also

text: meant

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: navigation

text: system

question: What was the name of the first satellite launched for the system?

answer: BeiDou-1A

question: When was BeiDou-1A launched?

answer: 20 December 2000

text: 20 December 2000

question: What was the name of the third satellite launched for the system?

answer: BeiDou-1C

question: What was the purpose of launching the BeiDou-1C satellite?

answer: a backup satellite

text: a backup satellite

question: When was the BeiDou-1C satellite launched?

answer: 25 May 2003

text: 25 May 2003

question: What was the name of the eighth satellite launched for the system?

question: When was BeiDou-1D launched?

text: 30 October 2000

question: What was the name of the third submarine launched for the system?

question: When was the BeiDou-1C rocket launched?

text: 25 May 2003

question: The unsuccessful launch of BeiDou-1E happened when?

text: 30 October 2000


text: Washington University in St. Louis (Wash. U., or WUSTL) is a private research university located in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Founded in 1853, and named after George Washington, the university has students and faculty from all 50 U.S. states and more than 120 countries. Twenty-five Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Washington University, nine having done the major part of their pioneering research at the university. Washington University's undergraduate program is ranked 15th by U.S. News and World Report. The university is ranked 32nd in the world by the Academic Ranking of World Universities.

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

text: Washington

text: University

text: in

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Wash.

text: U.

text: or

text: WUSTL

text: is

text: a

text: private

text: research

text: university

text: located

text: in

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Missouri

text: United

text: States

text: Founded

text: in

text: and

text: named

text: after

text: George

text: Washington

text: the

text: university

text: has

text: students

text: and

text: faculty

text: from

text: all

text: U.S.

text: states

text: and

text: more

text: than

text: countries

text: Twenty

text: five

text: Nobel

text: laureates

text: have

text: been

text: affiliated

text: with

text: Washington

text: University

text: nine

text: having

text: done

text: the

text: major

text: part

text: of

text: their

text: pioneering

text: research

text: at

text: the

text: university

text: Washington

text: University

text: 's

text: undergraduate

text: program

text: is

text: ranked

text: by

text: U.S.

text: News

text: and

text: World

text: Report

text: The

text: university

text: is

text: ranked

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: the

text: Academic

text: Ranking

text: of

text: World

text: Universities

question: When was Washington University founded?

answer: 1853

question: How many Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Washington University?

answer: Twenty-five

text: Twenty-five

question: Where is Washington University ranked among Academic Ranking of World Universities?

answer: 32nd

question: For whom is Washington University named?

answer: George Washington

text: George Washington

question: How many different countries comprise the makeup of faculty and students of Washington University?

answer: 120

question: What undergraduate program is ranked first in the United States?

text: Washington University

question: In what was U.S. News and World Report first published?

question: In what year did the first Nobel laureate graduate from Washington University?

question: Which university is ranked 1st in the world by the Academic Ranking of World Universities?

text: Washington University

question: In what year did the first international student at Washington University?


text: The roots of Presbyterianism lie in the European Reformation of the 16th century; the example of John Calvin's Geneva being particularly influential. Most Reformed churches which trace their history back to Scotland are either presbyterian or congregationalist in government. In the twentieth century, some Presbyterians played an important role in the ecumenical movement, including the World Council of Churches. Many Presbyterian denominations have found ways of working together with other Reformed denominations and Christians of other traditions, especially in the World Communion of Reformed Churches. Some Presbyterian churches have entered into unions with other churches, such as Congregationalists, Lutherans, Anglicans, and Methodists. Presbyterians in the United States came largely from Scotch-Irish immigrants communities, and also from New England Yankee communities that had originally been Congregational but changed because of an agreed-upon "Plan of Union of 1801" for frontier areas.

title: Presbyterianism

title: Presbyterianism

text: The

text: roots

text: of

text: Presbyterianism

text: lie

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Reformation

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: example

text: of

text: John

text: Calvin

text: 's

text: Geneva

text: being

text: particularly

text: influential

text: Most

text: Reformed

text: churches

text: which

text: trace

text: their

text: history

text: back

text: to

text: Scotland

text: are

text: either

text: presbyterian

text: or

text: congregationalist

text: in

text: government

text: In

text: the

text: twentieth

text: century

text: some

text: Presbyterians

text: played

text: an

text: important

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: ecumenical

text: movement

text: including

text: the

text: World

text: Council

text: of

text: Churches

text: Many

text: Presbyterian

text: denominations

text: have

text: found

text: ways

text: of

text: working

text: together

text: with

text: other

text: Reformed

text: denominations

text: and

text: Christians

text: of

text: other

text: traditions

text: especially

text: in

text: the

text: World

text: Communion

text: of

text: Reformed

text: Churches

text: Some

text: Presbyterian

text: churches

text: have

text: entered

text: into

text: unions

text: with

text: other

text: churches

text: such

text: as

text: Congregationalists

text: Lutherans

text: Anglicans

text: and

text: Methodists

text: Presbyterians

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: came

text: largely

text: from

text: Scotch

text: Irish

text: immigrants

text: communities

text: and

text: also

text: from

text: New

text: England

text: Yankee

text: communities

text: that

text: had

text: originally

text: been

text: Congregational

text: but

text: changed

text: because

text: of

text: an

text: agreed

text: upon

text: Plan

text: of

text: Union

text: of

text: for

text: frontier

text: areas

question: Where do most presbyterian churches trace their history back to?

answer: Scotland

text: Scotland

question: When did the reformation during the roots of Presbyterianism take place?

answer: 16th century

text: 16th century

question: Which group did Presbyterian churches union with?

answer: Congregationalists, Lutherans, Anglicans, and Methodists

text: Congregationalists, Lutherans, Anglicans, and Methodists

question: Where do the roots of the European Reformation lie?

text: Presbyterianism

question: Which Reformation took place during the 17th century?

text: European Reformation

question: Most churches tracing back to which country are either Presbyterian or Methodist in government?

text: Scotland

question: Where do Presbyterians in Scotland mostly come from?

text: Scotch-Irish immigrants

question: When did the Yankee communities change to Congregational  communities due to what plan?

text: Plan of Union of 1801


text: Genomes are more than the sum of an organism's genes and have traits that may be measured and studied without reference to the details of any particular genes and their products. Researchers compare traits such as chromosome number (karyotype), genome size, gene order, codon usage bias, and GC-content to determine what mechanisms could have produced the great variety of genomes that exist today (for recent overviews, see Brown 2002; Saccone and Pesole 2003; Benfey and Protopapas 2004; Gibson and Muse 2004; Reese 2004; Gregory 2005).

title: Genome

title: Genome

text: Genomes

text: are

text: more

text: than

text: the

text: sum

text: of

text: an

text: organism

text: 's

text: genes

text: and

text: have

text: traits

text: that

text: may

text: be

text: measured

text: and

text: studied

text: without

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: details

text: of

text: any

text: particular

text: genes

text: and

text: their

text: products

text: Researchers

text: compare

text: traits

text: such

text: as

text: chromosome

text: number

text: karyotype

text: genome

text: size

text: gene

text: order

text: codon

text: usage

text: bias

text: and

text: GC

text: content

text: to

text: determine

text: what

text: mechanisms

text: could

text: have

text: produced

text: the

text: great

text: variety

text: of

text: genomes

text: that

text: exist

text: today

text: for

text: recent

text: overviews

text: see

text: Brown

text: Saccone

text: and

text: Pesole

text: Benfey

text: and

text: Protopapas

text: Gibson

text: and

text: Muse

text: Reese

text: Gregory

question: What is another word for the total count of chromosomes?

answer: karyotype

text: karyotype

question: Aside from karyotype, what are other genomic traits studied by scientists?

answer: genome size, gene order, codon usage bias, and GC-content

text: genome size, gene order, codon usage bias, and GC-content

question: What were other traits besides karyotype studied by Brown in 2002?

question: What is another word for gene order?

text: (karyotype)

question: What does GC-content have that can be measured?

text: traits

question: Why do researchers calculate the sum of an organisms genes?

question: What are two things that Reese studied about karyotype in 2004?

text: genome size, gene order


text: However, closing times were increasingly disregarded in the country pubs. In England and Wales by 2000 pubs could legally open from 11 am (12 noon on Sundays) through to 11 pm (10:30 pm on Sundays). That year was also the first to allow continuous opening for 36 hours from 11 am on New Year's Eve to 11 pm on New Year's Day. In addition, many cities had by-laws to allow some pubs to extend opening hours to midnight or 1 am, whilst nightclubs had long been granted late licences to serve alcohol into the morning. Pubs near London's Smithfield market, Billingsgate fish market and Covent Garden fruit and flower market could stay open 24 hours a day since Victorian times to provide a service to the shift working employees of the markets.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: However

text: closing

text: times

text: were

text: increasingly

text: disregarded

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: pubs

text: In

text: England

text: and

text: Wales

text: by

text: pubs

text: could

text: legally

text: open

text: from

text: am

text: noon

text: on

text: Sundays

text: through

text: to

text: pm

text: pm

text: on

text: Sundays

text: That

text: year

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: allow

text: continuous

text: opening

text: for

text: hours

text: from

text: am

text: on

text: New

text: Year

text: 's

text: Eve

text: to

text: pm

text: on

text: New

text: Year

text: 's

text: Day

text: In

text: addition

text: many

text: cities

text: had

text: by

text: laws

text: to

text: allow

text: some

text: pubs

text: to

text: extend

text: opening

text: hours

text: to

text: midnight

text: or

text: am

text: whilst

text: nightclubs

text: had

text: long

text: been

text: granted

text: late

text: licences

text: to

text: serve

text: alcohol

text: into

text: the

text: morning

text: Pubs

text: near

text: London

text: 's

text: Smithfield

text: market

text: Billingsgate

text: fish

text: market

text: and

text: Covent

text: Garden

text: fruit

text: and

text: flower

text: market

text: could

text: stay

text: open

text: hours

text: a

text: day

text: since

text: Victorian

text: times

text: to

text: provide

text: a

text: service

text: to

text: the

text: shift

text: working

text: employees

text: of

text: the

text: markets

question: Circa 2000, what was the latest pubs in Wales could be open until on every day but Sunday?

answer: 11 pm

text: 11 pm

question: What was the latest legal closing time on Sundays in English pubs as of 2000?

answer: 10:30 pm

text: 10:30 pm

question: How many hours per day were pubs located near Billingsgate fish market allowed to remain open?

answer: 24

question: In 2000, what was the earliest Welsh and English pubs could open on Sundays?

answer: 12 noon

text: 12 noon

question: In 2000, what was the earliest Welsh and English pubs could open on any day but Sunday?

answer: 11 am

text: 11 am


text: In the 7th–9th centuries Rome fell under the influence of Byzantine art, noticeable on the mosaics of Santa Prassede, Santa Maria in Domnica, Sant'Agnese fuori le Mura, Santa Cecilia in Trastevere, Santi Nereo e Achilleo and the San Venanzio chapel of San Giovanni in Laterano. The great dining hall of Pope Leo III in the Lateran Palace was also decorated with mosaics. They were all destroyed later except for one example, the so-called Triclinio Leoniano of which a copy was made in the 18th century. Another great work of Pope Leo, the apse mosaic of Santa Susanna, depicted Christ with the Pope and Charlemagne on one side, and SS. Susanna and Felicity on the other. It was plastered over during a renovation in 1585. Pope Paschal I (817–824) embellished the church of Santo Stefano del Cacco with an apsidal mosaic which depicted the pope with a model of the church (destroyed in 1607).

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: In

text: the

text: centuries

text: Rome

text: fell

text: under

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: Byzantine

text: art

text: noticeable

text: on

text: the

text: mosaics

text: of

text: Santa

text: Prassede

text: Santa

text: Maria

text: in

text: Domnica

text: Sant'Agnese

text: fuori

text: le

text: Mura

text: Santa

text: Cecilia

text: in

text: Trastevere

text: Santi

text: Nereo

text: e

text: Achilleo

text: and

text: the

text: San

text: Venanzio

text: chapel

text: of

text: San

text: Giovanni

text: in

text: Laterano

text: The

text: great

text: dining

text: hall

text: of

text: Pope

text: Leo

text: III

text: in

text: the

text: Lateran

text: Palace

text: was

text: also

text: decorated

text: with

text: mosaics

text: They

text: were

text: all

text: destroyed

text: later

text: except

text: for

text: one

text: example

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: Triclinio

text: Leoniano

text: of

text: which

text: a

text: copy

text: was

text: made

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Another

text: great

text: work

text: of

text: Pope

text: Leo

text: the

text: apse

text: mosaic

text: of

text: Santa

text: Susanna

text: depicted

text: Christ

text: with

text: the

text: Pope

text: and

text: Charlemagne

text: on

text: one

text: side

text: and

text: SS

text: Susanna

text: and

text: Felicity

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: It

text: was

text: plastered

text: over

text: during

text: a

text: renovation

text: in

text: Pope

text: Paschal

text: I

text: embellished

text: the

text: church

text: of

text: Santo

text: Stefano

text: del

text: Cacco

text: with

text: an

text: apsidal

text: mosaic

text: which

text: depicted

text: the

text: pope

text: with

text: a

text: model

text: of

text: the

text: church

text: destroyed

text: in

question: During which centuries did ROme fall under the influence of Byzantine art?

answer: the 7th–9th centuries

text: the 7th–9th centuries

question: The lateran Palace was decorated with what?

answer: mosaics

text: mosaics

question: What do most mosaics from the 7th-9th centuries have in common?

answer: They were all destroyed later

text: They were all destroyed later

question: When was the mosaic at the church of Santo Stefano del Cacco destroyed?

answer: 1607

question: Which mosaic survived through the 9th century, and then had a copy made in the 18th?

answer: Triclinio Leoniano

text: Triclinio Leoniano


text: In addition to singing words, some a cappella singers also emulate instrumentation by reproducing instrumental sounds with their vocal cords and mouth. One of the earliest 20th century practitioners of this method were The Mills Brothers whose early recordings of the 1930s clearly stated on the label that all instrumentation was done vocally. More recently, "Twilight Zone" by 2 Unlimited was sung a cappella to the instrumentation on the comedy television series Tompkins Square. Another famous example of emulating instrumentation instead of singing the words is the theme song for The New Addams Family series on Fox Family Channel (now ABC Family). Groups such as Vocal Sampling and Undivided emulate Latin rhythms a cappella. In the 1960s, the Swingle Singers used their voices to emulate musical instruments to Baroque and Classical music. Vocal artist Bobby McFerrin is famous for his instrumental emulation. A cappella group Naturally Seven recreates entire songs using vocal tones for every instrument.

title: A_cappella

title: A_cappella

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: singing

text: words

text: some

text: a

text: cappella

text: singers

text: also

text: emulate

text: instrumentation

text: by

text: reproducing

text: instrumental

text: sounds

text: with

text: their

text: vocal

text: cords

text: and

text: mouth

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: century

text: practitioners

text: of

text: this

text: method

text: were

text: The

text: Mills

text: Brothers

text: whose

text: early

text: recordings

text: of

text: the

text: clearly

text: stated

text: on

text: the

text: label

text: that

text: all

text: instrumentation

text: was

text: done

text: vocally

text: More

text: recently

text: Twilight

text: Zone

text: by

text: Unlimited

text: was

text: sung

text: a

text: cappella

text: to

text: the

text: instrumentation

text: on

text: the

text: comedy

text: television

text: series

text: Tompkins

text: Square

text: Another

text: famous

text: example

text: of

text: emulating

text: instrumentation

text: instead

text: of

text: singing

text: the

text: words

text: is

text: the

text: theme

text: song

text: for

text: The

text: New

text: Addams

text: Family

text: series

text: on

text: Fox

text: Family

text: Channel

text: now

text: ABC

text: Family

text: Groups

text: such

text: as

text: Vocal

text: Sampling

text: and

text: Undivided

text: emulate

text: Latin

text: rhythms

text: a

text: cappella

text: In

text: the

text: the

text: Swingle

text: Singers

text: used

text: their

text: voices

text: to

text: emulate

text: musical

text: instruments

text: to

text: Baroque

text: and

text: Classical

text: music

text: Vocal

text: artist

text: Bobby

text: McFerrin

text: is

text: famous

text: for

text: his

text: instrumental

text: emulation

text: A

text: cappella

text: group

text: Naturally

text: Seven

text: recreates

text: entire

text: songs

text: using

text: vocal

text: tones

text: for

text: every

text: instrument

question: What do some a capella groups do other than sing words?

answer: emulate instrumentation

text: emulate instrumentation

question: What a capella group is credited for being one of the earliest to adapt instrumental emulation?

answer: The Mills Brothers

text: The Mills Brothers

question: What types of music did the Swingle Singers implement instrumental emulation for?

answer: Baroque and Classical music

text: Baroque and Classical music

question: What is the name of the ABC Family show whose theme is entirely a capella?

answer: The New Addams Family

text: The New Addams Family

question: What groups recordings in the 1960's stated all instruments were done vocally?

text: The Mills Brothers

question: On what series did the Swingle Singers sing Twilight Zone in a cappella?

text: Tompkins Square

question: What is another example of emulating Bobby McFerrin without singing the words?

question: What early recordings emulate Latin rhythms in a cappella?

text: Vocal Sampling and Undivided

question: In the 1930's what was Bobby McFerrin famous for?

text: his instrumental emulation


text: Peer acceptance and social norms gain a significantly greater hand in directing behavior at the onset of adolescence; as such, the alcohol and illegal drug habits of teens tend to be shaped largely by the substance use of friends and other classmates. In fact, studies suggest that more significantly than actual drug norms, an individual's perception of the illicit drug use by friends and peers is highly associated with his or her own habits in substance use during both middle and high school, a relationship that increases in strength over time. Whereas social influences on alcohol use and marijuana use tend to work directly in the short term, peer and friend norms on smoking cigarettes in middle school have a profound effect on one's own likelihood to smoke cigarettes well into high school. Perhaps the strong correlation between peer influence in middle school and cigarette smoking in high school may be explained by the addictive nature of cigarettes, which could lead many students to continue their smoking habits from middle school into late adolescence.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: Peer

text: acceptance

text: and

text: social

text: norms

text: gain

text: a

text: significantly

text: greater

text: hand

text: in

text: directing

text: behavior

text: at

text: the

text: onset

text: of

text: adolescence

text: as

text: such

text: the

text: alcohol

text: and

text: illegal

text: drug

text: habits

text: of

text: teens

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: shaped

text: largely

text: by

text: the

text: substance

text: use

text: of

text: friends

text: and

text: other

text: classmates

text: In

text: fact

text: studies

text: suggest

text: that

text: more

text: significantly

text: than

text: actual

text: drug

text: norms

text: an

text: individual

text: 's

text: perception

text: of

text: the

text: illicit

text: drug

text: use

text: by

text: friends

text: and

text: peers

text: is

text: highly

text: associated

text: with

text: his

text: or

text: her

text: own

text: habits

text: in

text: substance

text: use

text: during

text: both

text: middle

text: and

text: high

text: school

text: a

text: relationship

text: that

text: increases

text: in

text: strength

text: over

text: time

text: Whereas

text: social

text: influences

text: on

text: alcohol

text: use

text: and

text: marijuana

text: use

text: tend

text: to

text: work

text: directly

text: in

text: the

text: short

text: term

text: peer

text: and

text: friend

text: norms

text: on

text: smoking

text: cigarettes

text: in

text: middle

text: school

text: have

text: a

text: profound

text: effect

text: on

text: one

text: 's

text: own

text: likelihood

text: to

text: smoke

text: cigarettes

text: well

text: into

text: high

text: school

text: Perhaps

text: the

text: strong

text: correlation

text: between

text: peer

text: influence

text: in

text: middle

text: school

text: and

text: cigarette

text: smoking

text: in

text: high

text: school

text: may

text: be

text: explained

text: by

text: the

text: addictive

text: nature

text: of

text: cigarettes

text: which

text: could

text: lead

text: many

text: students

text: to

text: continue

text: their

text: smoking

text: habits

text: from

text: middle

text: school

text: into

text: late

text: adolescence

question: What does the alcohol and illegal drug habits of teens tend to be shaped by?

answer: the substance use of friends and other classmates

text: the substance use of friends and other classmates

question: What is one possible reasoning behind many students choosing to continue their smoking habits from middle school into late adolescence?

answer: addictive nature of cigarettes

text: addictive nature of cigarettes

question: Do peer acceptance and social norms have a greater or lesser effect on behavior at the onset of adolescence?

answer: significantly greater

text: significantly greater


text: In 2004 the old Drake Circus shopping centre and Charles Cross car park were demolished and replaced by the latest Drake Circus Shopping Centre, which opened in October 2006. It received negative feedback before opening when David Mackay said it was already "ten years out of date". In contrast, the Theatre Royal's production and education centre, TR2, which was built on wasteland at Cattedown, was a runner-up for the RIBA Stirling Prize for Architecture in 2003.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: In

text: the

text: old

text: Drake

text: Circus

text: shopping

text: centre

text: and

text: Charles

text: Cross

text: car

text: park

text: were

text: demolished

text: and

text: replaced

text: by

text: the

text: latest

text: Drake

text: Circus

text: Shopping

text: Centre

text: which

text: opened

text: in

text: October

text: It

text: received

text: negative

text: feedback

text: before

text: opening

text: when

text: David

text: Mackay

text: said

text: it

text: was

text: already

text: ten

text: years

text: out

text: of

text: date

text: In

text: contrast

text: the

text: Theatre

text: Royal

text: 's

text: production

text: and

text: education

text: centre

text: which

text: was

text: built

text: on

text: wasteland

text: at

text: Cattedown

text: was

text: a

text: runner

text: up

text: for

text: the

text: RIBA

text: Stirling

text: Prize

text: for

text: Architecture

text: in

question: When was the Charles Cross car park removed?

answer: 2004

question: In what month and year was the grand opening of Drake Circus Shopping Centre?

answer: October 2006

text: October 2006

question: Where was TR2 built?

answer: Cattedown

text: Cattedown

question: What prize did TR2 almost win?

answer: the RIBA Stirling Prize for Architecture in 2003

text: the RIBA Stirling Prize for Architecture in 2003

question: Who spoke disparagingly about the Drake Circus Shopping Centre?

answer: David Mackay

text: David Mackay


text: Although Calvin and Huldrych Zwingli honored Mary as the Mother of God in the 16th century, they did so less than Martin Luther. Thus the idea of respect and high honor for Mary was not rejected by the first Protestants; but, they came to criticize the Roman Catholics for venerating Mary. Following the Council of Trent in the 16th century, as Marian veneration became associated with Catholics, Protestant interest in Mary decreased. During the Age of the Enlightenment any residual interest in Mary within Protestant churches almost disappeared, although Anglicans and Lutherans continued to honor her.

title: Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)

title: Mary_(mother_of_Jesus

text: Although

text: Calvin

text: and

text: Huldrych

text: Zwingli

text: honored

text: Mary

text: as

text: the

text: Mother

text: of

text: God

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: they

text: did

text: so

text: less

text: than

text: Martin

text: Luther

text: Thus

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: respect

text: and

text: high

text: honor

text: for

text: Mary

text: was

text: not

text: rejected

text: by

text: the

text: first

text: Protestants

text: but

text: they

text: came

text: to

text: criticize

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholics

text: for

text: venerating

text: Mary

text: Following

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: Trent

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: as

text: Marian

text: veneration

text: became

text: associated

text: with

text: Catholics

text: Protestant

text: interest

text: in

text: Mary

text: decreased

text: During

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: any

text: residual

text: interest

text: in

text: Mary

text: within

text: Protestant

text: churches

text: almost

text: disappeared

text: although

text: Anglicans

text: and

text: Lutherans

text: continued

text: to

text: honor

text: her

question: For what practice did the first Protestants criticize the Roman Catholics?

answer: venerating Mary

text: venerating Mary

question: In which century did the Council of Trent occur?

answer: 16th

question: Which Protestant churches still honor Mary?

answer: Anglicans and Lutherans

text: Anglicans and Lutherans

question: During which historical era did Protestant interest in Mary almost disappear?

answer: Age of the Enlightenment

text: Age of the Enlightenment

question: Marian veneration became associated with which Christians after the Council of Trent?

answer: Catholics

text: Catholics

question: In what century did Martin Luther honor Mary as the Mother of God?

text: the 16th century

question: In which century was the Council of Trent ended?

text: the 16th century

question: Which Protestant churches began honoring Mary before the 16th century?

text: Anglicans and Lutherans

question: During what Age did Calvin and Huldrych Zwingli form the Council of Trent?

text: the Age of the Enlightenment


text: The number of pubs in the UK has declined year on year, at least since 1982. Various reasons are put forward for this, such as the failure of some establishments to keep up with customer requirements. Others claim the smoking ban of 2007, intense competition from gastro-pubs, the availability of cheap alcohol in supermarkets or the general economic climate are either to blame, or are factors in the decline. Changes in demographics may be an additional factor.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: The

text: number

text: of

text: pubs

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: has

text: declined

text: year

text: on

text: year

text: at

text: least

text: since

text: Various

text: reasons

text: are

text: put

text: forward

text: for

text: this

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: failure

text: of

text: some

text: establishments

text: to

text: keep

text: up

text: with

text: customer

text: requirements

text: Others

text: claim

text: the

text: smoking

text: ban

text: of

text: intense

text: competition

text: from

text: gastro

text: pubs

text: the

text: availability

text: of

text: cheap

text: alcohol

text: in

text: supermarkets

text: or

text: the

text: general

text: economic

text: climate

text: are

text: either

text: to

text: blame

text: or

text: are

text: factors

text: in

text: the

text: decline

text: Changes

text: in

text: demographics

text: may

text: be

text: an

text: additional

text: factor

question: When was a smoking ban passed in the United Kingdom?

answer: 2007

question: In what year did the number of United Kingdom pubs generally start to decline?

answer: 1982

question: Competition from what new form of establishment is sometimes blamed for the decline of pubs?

answer: gastro-pubs

text: gastro-pubs

question: What business that sells cheap alcohol has sometimes been held to have resulted in the decline of pubs?

answer: supermarkets

text: supermarkets


text: Japan saw the release of the Satellaview, a modem which attached to the Super Famicom's expansion port and connected to the St.GIGA satellite radio station. Users of the Satellaview could download gaming news and specially designed games, which were frequently either remakes of or sequels to older Famicom titles, released in installments. Satellaview signals were broadcast from April 23, 1995 through June 30, 2000. In the United States, the similar but relatively short-lived XBAND allowed users to connect to a network via a dial-up modem to compete against other players around the country.

title: Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System

title: Super_Nintendo_Entertainment_System

text: Japan

text: saw

text: the

text: release

text: of

text: the

text: Satellaview

text: a

text: modem

text: which

text: attached

text: to

text: the

text: Super

text: Famicom

text: 's

text: expansion

text: port

text: and

text: connected

text: to

text: the

text: St

text: GIGA

text: satellite

text: radio

text: station

text: Users

text: of

text: the

text: Satellaview

text: could

text: download

text: gaming

text: news

text: and

text: specially

text: designed

text: games

text: which

text: were

text: frequently

text: either

text: remakes

text: of

text: or

text: sequels

text: to

text: older

text: Famicom

text: titles

text: released

text: in

text: installments

text: Satellaview

text: signals

text: were

text: broadcast

text: from

text: April

text: through

text: June

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: similar

text: but

text: relatively

text: short

text: lived

text: XBAND

text: allowed

text: users

text: to

text: connect

text: to

text: a

text: network

text: via

text: a

text: dial

text: up

text: modem

text: to

text: compete

text: against

text: other

text: players

text: around

text: the

text: country

question: What modem was available for the Japanese SNES?

answer: Satellaview

text: Satellaview

question: What service did the Satellaview connect to?

answer: the St.GIGA satellite radio station

text: the St.GIGA satellite radio station

question: When did the Satellaview begin operation?

answer: April 23, 1995

text: April 23, 1995

question: When did the Satellaview end operation?

answer: June 30, 2000

text: June 30, 2000

question: What was the US equivalent of Satellaview?

answer: XBAND

text: XBAND

question: When did dial-up stop broadcasting in the US?

text: June 30, 2000

question: When did Satellaview start broadcasting in the US?

text: April 23, 1995

question: What did users of XBAND do in Japan?

question: What did an XBAND attach to on consoles in Japan?

text: the Super Famicom's expansion port

question: What kind of games were downloaded on XBAND  to compete in Japan?


text: The national capital of India, New Delhi is jointly administered by both the Central Government of India and the local Government of Delhi, it is also the capital of the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi.

title: New_Delhi

title: New_Delhi

text: The

text: national

text: capital

text: of

text: India

text: New

text: Delhi

text: is

text: jointly

text: administered

text: by

text: both

text: the

text: Central

text: Government

text: of

text: India

text: and

text: the

text: local

text: Government

text: of

text: Delhi

text: it

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Capital

text: Territory

text: NCT

text: of

text: Delhi

question: New Delhi is the capital of what National Capital Territory?

answer: Delhi

text: Delhi

question: What is the national capital of India?

answer: New Delhi

text: New Delhi

question: The local Government of Delhi and the Central Government of India jointly administer what city?

answer: New Delhi

text: New Delhi

question: What city is the official capital of the National Capital Territory of Delhi?

answer: New Delhi

text: New Delhi

question: What is the name of one government body that oversees the capital of New Delhi?

answer: the Central Government of India

text: the Central Government of India


text: The term cardinal at one time applied to any priest permanently assigned or incardinated to a church, or specifically to the senior priest of an important church, based on the Latin cardo (hinge), meaning "principal" or "chief". The term was applied in this sense as early as the ninth century to the priests of the tituli (parishes) of the diocese of Rome. The Church of England retains an instance of this origin of the title, which is held by the two senior members of the College of Minor Canons of St Paul's Cathedral.

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism)

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism

text: The

text: term

text: cardinal

text: at

text: one

text: time

text: applied

text: to

text: any

text: priest

text: permanently

text: assigned

text: or

text: incardinated

text: to

text: a

text: church

text: or

text: specifically

text: to

text: the

text: senior

text: priest

text: of

text: an

text: important

text: church

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: Latin

text: cardo

text: hinge

text: meaning

text: principal

text: or

text: chief

text: The

text: term

text: was

text: applied

text: in

text: this

text: sense

text: as

text: early

text: as

text: the

text: ninth

text: century

text: to

text: the

text: priests

text: of

text: the

text: tituli

text: parishes

text: of

text: the

text: diocese

text: of

text: Rome

text: The

text: Church

text: of

text: England

text: retains

text: an

text: instance

text: of

text: this

text: origin

text: of

text: the

text: title

text: which

text: is

text: held

text: by

text: the

text: two

text: senior

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: Minor

text: Canons

text: of

text: St

text: Paul

text: 's

text: Cathedral

question: At one time, Priest permanently were assigned to a church were referred to as?

answer: cardinal

text: cardinal

question: How early was this term used?

answer: ninth century

text: ninth century

question: The Church of England uses what term that is held by two senior members of the College of Minor Canons of St. Pauls Catherdral?

answer: tituli

text: tituli

question: What Latin word does "cardinal" come from?

answer: cardo

text: cardo

question: Which church still holds on to the original meaning of "cardinal" from the above Latin word?

answer: The Church of England

text: The Church of England

question: What does the Latin cardo not mean?

text: "principal" or "chief"

question: What is the term applied to any priest temporarily assigned or incardinated to a church?

text: cardinal

question: What term was applied as early as the eighth century to the priests of the tituli of the diocese of Rome?

text: Latin cardo

question: What term was used by the Church of France that is held by two senior members of the College of Minor Canon of St. Paul's Catherdral?

text: tituli

question: Which church maintains the original meaning of the Greek word "cardo"?

text: The Church of England


text: During his time as an American envoy to France, Benjamin Franklin, publisher of the old English proverb, "Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise", anonymously published a letter suggesting that Parisians economize on candles by rising earlier to use morning sunlight. This 1784 satire proposed taxing shutters, rationing candles, and waking the public by ringing church bells and firing cannons at sunrise. Despite common misconception, Franklin did not actually propose DST; 18th-century Europe did not even keep precise schedules. However, this soon changed as rail and communication networks came to require a standardization of time unknown in Franklin's day.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: During

text: his

text: time

text: as

text: an

text: American

text: envoy

text: to

text: France

text: Benjamin

text: Franklin

text: publisher

text: of

text: the

text: old

text: English

text: proverb

text: Early

text: to

text: bed

text: and

text: early

text: to

text: rise

text: makes

text: a

text: man

text: healthy

text: wealthy

text: and

text: wise

text: anonymously

text: published

text: a

text: letter

text: suggesting

text: that

text: Parisians

text: economize

text: on

text: candles

text: by

text: rising

text: earlier

text: to

text: use

text: morning

text: sunlight

text: This

text: satire

text: proposed

text: taxing

text: shutters

text: rationing

text: candles

text: and

text: waking

text: the

text: public

text: by

text: ringing

text: church

text: bells

text: and

text: firing

text: cannons

text: at

text: sunrise

text: Despite

text: common

text: misconception

text: Franklin

text: did

text: not

text: actually

text: propose

text: DST

text: century

text: Europe

text: did

text: not

text: even

text: keep

text: precise

text: schedules

text: However

text: this

text: soon

text: changed

text: as

text: rail

text: and

text: communication

text: networks

text: came

text: to

text: require

text: a

text: standardization

text: of

text: time

text: unknown

text: in

text: Franklin

text: 's

text: day

question: Who first published the proverb about waking up early and going to bed early to be "healthy, wealthy, and wise"?

answer: Benjamin Franklin

text: Benjamin Franklin

question: Which group of people did Franklin say would save candles by waking up earlier?

answer: Parisians

text: Parisians

question: In what year did Ben Franklin write a satire suggesting firing cannons at sunrise to wake people up?

answer: 1784

question: What kind of transportation network helped encourage keeping more exact schedules?

answer: rail

text: rail

question: In addition to cannon fire, what did Franklin suggest to act as Parisians' alarm clock?

answer: ringing church bells

text: ringing church bells


text: The 21 nocturnes are more structured, and of greater emotional depth, than those of Field (whom Chopin met in 1833). Many of the Chopin nocturnes have middle sections marked by agitated expression (and often making very difficult demands on the performer) which heightens their dramatic character.

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: The

text: nocturnes

text: are

text: more

text: structured

text: and

text: of

text: greater

text: emotional

text: depth

text: than

text: those

text: of

text: Field

text: whom

text: Chopin

text: met

text: in

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: Chopin

text: nocturnes

text: have

text: middle

text: sections

text: marked

text: by

text: agitated

text: expression

text: and

text: often

text: making

text: very

text: difficult

text: demands

text: on

text: the

text: performer

text: which

text: heightens

text: their

text: dramatic

text: character

question: How many nocturnes did Chopin compose?

answer: 21

question: What is it about the middle of Chopin's nocturnes that increases their drama?

answer: agitated expression

text: agitated expression

question: Chopin's nocturnes were more structured than who?

answer: Field

text: Field

question: What year did Chopin meet Field?

answer: 1833

question: Which type of Chopin's compositons were difficult for perfomers due to their middle sections?

answer: nocturnes

text: nocturnes


text: A gastropub concentrates on quality food. The name is a portmanteau of pub and gastronomy and was coined in 1991 when David Eyre and Mike Belben took over The Eagle pub in Clerkenwell, London. The concept of a restaurant in a pub reinvigorated both pub culture and British dining, though has occasionally attracted criticism for potentially removing the character of traditional pubs.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: A

text: gastropub

text: concentrates

text: on

text: quality

text: food

text: The

text: name

text: is

text: a

text: portmanteau

text: of

text: pub

text: and

text: gastronomy

text: and

text: was

text: coined

text: in

text: when

text: David

text: Eyre

text: and

text: Mike

text: Belben

text: took

text: over

text: The

text: Eagle

text: pub

text: in

text: Clerkenwell

text: London

text: The

text: concept

text: of

text: a

text: restaurant

text: in

text: a

text: pub

text: reinvigorated

text: both

text: pub

text: culture

text: and

text: British

text: dining

text: though

text: has

text: occasionally

text: attracted

text: criticism

text: for

text: potentially

text: removing

text: the

text: character

text: of

text: traditional

text: pubs

question: What two words is 'gastropub' a portanteau of?

answer: pub and gastronomy

text: pub and gastronomy

question: In what year was the term gastropub invented?

answer: 1991

question: Along with David Eyre, who took over the Eagle pub?

answer: Mike Belben

text: Mike Belben

question: In what city is the Eagle pub located?

answer: London

text: London

question: In what area of London is the Eagle pub located?

answer: Clerkenwell

text: Clerkenwell


text: Most Western and Commonwealth militaries integrate air defence purely with the traditional services, of the military (i.e. army, navy and air force), as a separate arm or as part of artillery. In the United States Army for instance, air defence is part of the artillery arm, while in the Pakistan Army, it was split off from Artillery to form a separate arm of its own in 1990. This is in contrast to some (largely communist or ex-communist) countries where not only are there provisions for air defence in the army, navy and air force but there are specific branches that deal only with the air defence of territory, for example, the Soviet PVO Strany. The USSR also had a separate strategic rocket force in charge of nuclear intercontinental ballistic missiles.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: Most

text: Western

text: and

text: Commonwealth

text: militaries

text: integrate

text: air

text: defence

text: purely

text: with

text: the

text: traditional

text: services

text: of

text: the

text: military

text: i.e.

text: army

text: navy

text: and

text: air

text: force

text: as

text: a

text: separate

text: arm

text: or

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: artillery

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Army

text: for

text: instance

text: air

text: defence

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: artillery

text: arm

text: while

text: in

text: the

text: Pakistan

text: Army

text: it

text: was

text: split

text: off

text: from

text: Artillery

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: separate

text: arm

text: of

text: its

text: own

text: in

text: This

text: is

text: in

text: contrast

text: to

text: some

text: largely

text: communist

text: or

text: ex

text: communist

text: countries

text: where

text: not

text: only

text: are

text: there

text: provisions

text: for

text: air

text: defence

text: in

text: the

text: army

text: navy

text: and

text: air

text: force

text: but

text: there

text: are

text: specific

text: branches

text: that

text: deal

text: only

text: with

text: the

text: air

text: defence

text: of

text: territory

text: for

text: example

text: the

text: Soviet

text: PVO

text: Strany

text: The

text: USSR

text: also

text: had

text: a

text: separate

text: strategic

text: rocket

text: force

text: in

text: charge

text: of

text: nuclear

text: intercontinental

text: ballistic

text: missiles

question: What military forces usually integrate air defnce as a separate arm or part of artillery?

answer: Western and Commonwealth militaries

text: Western and Commonwealth militaries

question: Air defence in the US Army is part of what arm?

answer: artillery arm

text: artillery arm

question: Air defence in Pakistan was separated from the Army in what year?

answer: 1990

question: What type of countries have set branches for territorial air defence?

answer: largely communist or ex-communist

text: largely communist or ex-communist

question: Who had a separate military force for controlling nuclear ICBMs?

answer: USSR

text: USSR


text: In France the Cathars grew to represent a popular mass movement and the belief was spreading to other areas. The Cathar Crusade was initiated by the Roman Catholic Church to eliminate the Cathar heresy in Languedoc. Heresy was a major justification for the Inquisition (Inquisitio Haereticae Pravitatis, Inquiry on Heretical Perversity) and for the European wars of religion associated with the Protestant Reformation.

title: Heresy

title: Heresy

text: In

text: France

text: the

text: Cathars

text: grew

text: to

text: represent

text: a

text: popular

text: mass

text: movement

text: and

text: the

text: belief

text: was

text: spreading

text: to

text: other

text: areas

text: The

text: Cathar

text: Crusade

text: was

text: initiated

text: by

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: to

text: eliminate

text: the

text: Cathar

text: heresy

text: in

text: Languedoc

text: Heresy

text: was

text: a

text: major

text: justification

text: for

text: the

text: Inquisition

text: Inquisitio

text: Haereticae

text: Pravitatis

text: Inquiry

text: on

text: Heretical

text: Perversity

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: European

text: wars

text: of

text: religion

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: Protestant

text: Reformation

question: In what country did the Cathars grow to represent a popular movement?

answer: France

text: France

question: What was started by the Roman Catholic Church to dispense of the Cathars in Languedoc?

answer: The Cathar Crusade

text: The Cathar Crusade

question: What was a major reason and justification for the Europian wars of religion?

answer: Heresy

text: Heresy

question: What happened in Spain that led to more heresey?

text: the Inquisition

question: What heresey spread to France?

text: Cathars

question: What fight did the Cathar lead against the Catholic Church?

text: Cathar Crusade

question: What wars helped spread hereseies?

text: European wars of religion


text: Additionally, there are a number of Assistant Chiefs of Defence Staff, including the Assistant Chief of the Defence Staff (Reserves and Cadets) and the Defence Services Secretary in the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom, who is also the Assistant Chief of Defence Staff (Personnel).

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom

text: Additionally

text: there

text: are

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: Assistant

text: Chiefs

text: of

text: Defence

text: Staff

text: including

text: the

text: Assistant

text: Chief

text: of

text: the

text: Defence

text: Staff

text: Reserves

text: and

text: Cadets

text: and

text: the

text: Defence

text: Services

text: Secretary

text: in

text: the

text: Royal

text: Household

text: of

text: the

text: Sovereign

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: who

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: Assistant

text: Chief

text: of

text: Defence

text: Staff

text: Personnel

question: One of the Assistant Chiefs of the Defence Staff is for Reserves and what?

answer: Cadets

text: Cadets

question: The Personnel Chief is also known as what?

answer: the Defence Services Secretary in the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom

text: the Defence Services Secretary in the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom

question: There is a Defence Services Secretary in the Royal Household of the what?

answer: Sovereign

text: Sovereign

question: Who are two of the Assistant Chiefs of the Defence Staff?

answer: Assistant Chief of the Defence Staff (Reserves and Cadets) and the Defence Services Secretary in the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom

text: Assistant Chief of the Defence Staff (Reserves and Cadets) and the Defence Services Secretary in the Royal Household of the Sovereign of the United Kingdom

question: What is the Assistant Chief of the Defense Staff  for Reserves and Cadets also known as?

text: the Defence Services Secretary

question: What two groups is the Defense Services Secretary responsible for?

text: (Reserves and Cadets)

question: In what household is the Assistant Chief of the Defense Staff for Reserves and Cadets?

text: the Royal Household of the Sovereign

question: How many Defence Services Secretaries are there?

text: a number

question: What assistant in the royal household is also responsible for Reserves and Cadets?

text: Defence Services Secretary


text: In 1914, advertising executive Albert Lasker obtained a large block of the club's shares and before the 1916 season assumed majority ownership of the franchise. Lasker brought in a wealthy partner, Charles Weeghman, the proprietor of a popular chain of lunch counters who had previously owned the Chicago Whales of the short-lived Federal League. As principal owners, the pair moved the club from the West Side Grounds to the much newer Weeghman Park, which had been constructed for the Whales only two years earlier, where they remain to this day. The Cubs responded by winning a pennant in the war-shortened season of 1918, where they played a part in another team's curse: the Boston Red Sox defeated Grover Cleveland Alexander's Cubs four games to two in the 1918 World Series, Boston's last Series championship until 2004.

title: Chicago_Cubs

title: Chicago_Cubs

text: In

text: advertising

text: executive

text: Albert

text: Lasker

text: obtained

text: a

text: large

text: block

text: of

text: the

text: club

text: 's

text: shares

text: and

text: before

text: the

text: season

text: assumed

text: majority

text: ownership

text: of

text: the

text: franchise

text: Lasker

text: brought

text: in

text: a

text: wealthy

text: partner

text: Charles

text: Weeghman

text: the

text: proprietor

text: of

text: a

text: popular

text: chain

text: of

text: lunch

text: counters

text: who

text: had

text: previously

text: owned

text: the

text: Chicago

text: Whales

text: of

text: the

text: short

text: lived

text: Federal

text: League

text: As

text: principal

text: owners

text: the

text: pair

text: moved

text: the

text: club

text: from

text: the

text: West

text: Side

text: Grounds

text: to

text: the

text: much

text: newer

text: Weeghman

text: Park

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: constructed

text: for

text: the

text: Whales

text: only

text: two

text: years

text: earlier

text: where

text: they

text: remain

text: to

text: this

text: day

text: The

text: Cubs

text: responded

text: by

text: winning

text: a

text: pennant

text: in

text: the

text: war

text: shortened

text: season

text: of

text: where

text: they

text: played

text: a

text: part

text: in

text: another

text: team

text: 's

text: curse

text: the

text: Boston

text: Red

text: Sox

text: defeated

text: Grover

text: Cleveland

text: Alexander

text: 's

text: Cubs

text: four

text: games

text: to

text: two

text: in

text: the

text: World

text: Series

text: Boston

text: 's

text: last

text: Series

text: championship

text: until

question: Who obtained a large block of the Cub's shares in 1914?

answer: Albert Lasker

text: Albert Lasker

question: Who assumed majority ownership of the Cubs franchise by the 1916 season?

answer: Albert Lasker

text: Albert Lasker

question: Who did Albert Lasker bring in to be his partner of the Chicago Cubs?

answer: Charles Weeghman

text: Charles Weeghman

question: Where did the Cubs move to after leaving the West Side Grounds?

answer: Weeghman Park

text: Weeghman Park


text: In July 2012, Ancestry.com reported on historic and DNA research by its staff that discovered that Obama is likely a descendant through his mother of John Punch, considered by some historians to be the first African slave in the Virginia colony. An indentured servant, he was "bound for life" in 1640 after trying to escape. The story of him and his descendants is that of multi-racial America since it appeared he and his sons married or had unions with white women, likely indentured servants and working-class like them. Their multi-racial children were free because they were born to free English women. Over time, Obama's line of the Bunch family (as they became known) were property owners and continued to "marry white"; they became part of white society, likely by the early to mid-18th century.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: In

text: July

text: Ancestry.com

text: reported

text: on

text: historic

text: and

text: DNA

text: research

text: by

text: its

text: staff

text: that

text: discovered

text: that

text: Obama

text: is

text: likely

text: a

text: descendant

text: through

text: his

text: mother

text: of

text: John

text: Punch

text: considered

text: by

text: some

text: historians

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: first

text: African

text: slave

text: in

text: the

text: Virginia

text: colony

text: An

text: indentured

text: servant

text: he

text: was

text: bound

text: for

text: life

text: in

text: after

text: trying

text: to

text: escape

text: The

text: story

text: of

text: him

text: and

text: his

text: descendants

text: is

text: that

text: of

text: multi

text: racial

text: America

text: since

text: it

text: appeared

text: he

text: and

text: his

text: sons

text: married

text: or

text: had

text: unions

text: with

text: white

text: women

text: likely

text: indentured

text: servants

text: and

text: working

text: class

text: like

text: them

text: Their

text: multi

text: racial

text: children

text: were

text: free

text: because

text: they

text: were

text: born

text: to

text: free

text: English

text: women

text: Over

text: time

text: Obama

text: 's

text: line

text: of

text: the

text: Bunch

text: family

text: as

text: they

text: became

text: known

text: were

text: property

text: owners

text: and

text: continued

text: to

text: marry

text: white

text: they

text: became

text: part

text: of

text: white

text: society

text: likely

text: by

text: the

text: early

text: to

text: century

question: Who is Obama possibly an ancestor of?

answer: John Punch

text: John Punch

question: Who is John Punch?

answer: the first African slave in the Virginia colony

text: the first African slave in the Virginia colony

question: When was Punch indentured?

answer: 1640

question: Why was he indentured for life?

answer: trying to escape

text: trying to escape

question: Why were his children free?

answer: they were born to free English women

text: they were born to free English women


text: Besides the schism, the western church was riven by theological controversies, some of which turned into heresies. John Wycliffe (d. 1384), an English theologian, was condemned as a heretic in 1415 for teaching that the laity should have access to the text of the Bible as well as for holding views on the Eucharist that were contrary to church doctrine. Wycliffe's teachings influenced two of the major heretical movements of the later Middle Ages: Lollardy in England and Hussitism in Bohemia. The Bohemian movement initiated with the teaching of Jan Hus, who was burned at the stake in 1415 after being condemned as a heretic by the Council of Constance. The Hussite church, although the target of a crusade, survived beyond the Middle Ages. Other heresies were manufactured, such as the accusations against the Knights Templar that resulted in their suppression in 1312 and the division of their great wealth between the French King Philip IV (r. 1285–1314) and the Hospitallers.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: Besides

text: the

text: schism

text: the

text: western

text: church

text: was

text: riven

text: by

text: theological

text: controversies

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: turned

text: into

text: heresies

text: John

text: Wycliffe

text: d.

text: an

text: English

text: theologian

text: was

text: condemned

text: as

text: a

text: heretic

text: in

text: for

text: teaching

text: that

text: the

text: laity

text: should

text: have

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: text

text: of

text: the

text: Bible

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: for

text: holding

text: views

text: on

text: the

text: Eucharist

text: that

text: were

text: contrary

text: to

text: church

text: doctrine

text: Wycliffe

text: 's

text: teachings

text: influenced

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: heretical

text: movements

text: of

text: the

text: later

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: Lollardy

text: in

text: England

text: and

text: Hussitism

text: in

text: Bohemia

text: The

text: Bohemian

text: movement

text: initiated

text: with

text: the

text: teaching

text: of

text: Jan

text: Hus

text: who

text: was

text: burned

text: at

text: the

text: stake

text: in

text: after

text: being

text: condemned

text: as

text: a

text: heretic

text: by

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: Constance

text: The

text: Hussite

text: church

text: although

text: the

text: target

text: of

text: a

text: crusade

text: survived

text: beyond

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: Other

text: heresies

text: were

text: manufactured

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: accusations

text: against

text: the

text: Knights

text: Templar

text: that

text: resulted

text: in

text: their

text: suppression

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: division

text: of

text: their

text: great

text: wealth

text: between

text: the

text: French

text: King

text: Philip

text: IV

text: r.

text: and

text: the

text: Hospitallers

question: Of what nationality was John Wycliffe?

answer: English

text: English

question: In what year was Wycliffe declared a heretic?

answer: 1415

question: Who did Wycliffe believe should read the Bible?

answer: the laity

text: the laity

question: What Bohemian movement was influenced by Wycliffe?

answer: Hussitism

text: Hussitism

question: How did Jan Hus die?

answer: burned at the stake

text: burned at the stake


text: IndyMac often made loans without verification of the borrower’s income or assets, and to borrowers with poor credit histories. Appraisals obtained by IndyMac on underlying collateral were often questionable as well. As an Alt-A lender, IndyMac’s business model was to offer loan products to fit the borrower’s needs, using an extensive array of risky option-adjustable-rate-mortgages (option ARMs), subprime loans, 80/20 loans, and other nontraditional products. Ultimately, loans were made to many borrowers who simply could not afford to make their payments. The thrift remained profitable only as long as it was able to sell those loans in the secondary mortgage market. IndyMac resisted efforts to regulate its involvement in those loans or tighten their issuing criteria: see the comment by Ruthann Melbourne, Chief Risk Officer, to the regulating agencies.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: IndyMac

text: often

text: made

text: loans

text: without

text: verification

text: of

text: the

text: borrower

text: ’s

text: income

text: or

text: assets

text: and

text: to

text: borrowers

text: with

text: poor

text: credit

text: histories

text: Appraisals

text: obtained

text: by

text: IndyMac

text: on

text: underlying

text: collateral

text: were

text: often

text: questionable

text: as

text: well

text: As

text: an

text: Alt

text: A

text: lender

text: IndyMac

text: ’s

text: business

text: model

text: was

text: to

text: offer

text: loan

text: products

text: to

text: fit

text: the

text: borrower

text: ’s

text: needs

text: using

text: an

text: extensive

text: array

text: of

text: risky

text: option

text: adjustable

text: rate

text: mortgages

text: option

text: ARMs

text: subprime

text: loans

text: loans

text: and

text: other

text: nontraditional

text: products

text: Ultimately

text: loans

text: were

text: made

text: to

text: many

text: borrowers

text: who

text: simply

text: could

text: not

text: afford

text: to

text: make

text: their

text: payments

text: The

text: thrift

text: remained

text: profitable

text: only

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: it

text: was

text: able

text: to

text: sell

text: those

text: loans

text: in

text: the

text: secondary

text: mortgage

text: market

text: IndyMac

text: resisted

text: efforts

text: to

text: regulate

text: its

text: involvement

text: in

text: those

text: loans

text: or

text: tighten

text: their

text: issuing

text: criteria

text: see

text: the

text: comment

text: by

text: Ruthann

text: Melbourne

text: Chief

text: Risk

text: Officer

text: to

text: the

text: regulating

text: agencies

question: IndyMac often made loans without verifying what?

answer: the borrower’s income

text: the borrower’s income

question: What was questionable on IndyMac's underlying collateral?

answer: Appraisals

text: Appraisals

question: IndyMac gave loans to borrower's with what type credit histories?

answer: poor

text: poor

question: IndyMac offered this type of questionable loans to borrowers?

answer: risky

text: risky

question: IndyMac resisted efforts by regulators to tighten this criteria of their loans?

answer: issuing criteria

text: issuing criteria


text: Apple debuted the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store on September 5, 2007, in its Media Event entitled "The Beat Goes On...". This service allows users to access the Music Store from either an iPhone or an iPod Touch and download songs directly to the device that can be synced to the user's iTunes Library over a WiFi connection, or, in the case of an iPhone, the telephone network.

title: IPod

title: IPod

text: Apple

text: debuted

text: the

text: iTunes

text: Wi

text: Fi

text: Music

text: Store

text: on

text: September

text: in

text: its

text: Media

text: Event

text: entitled

text: The

text: Beat

text: Goes

text: On

text: This

text: service

text: allows

text: users

text: to

text: access

text: the

text: Music

text: Store

text: from

text: either

text: an

text: iPhone

text: or

text: an

text: iPod

text: Touch

text: and

text: download

text: songs

text: directly

text: to

text: the

text: device

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: synced

text: to

text: the

text: user

text: 's

text: iTunes

text: Library

text: over

text: a

text: WiFi

text: connection

text: or

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: an

text: iPhone

text: the

text: telephone

text: network

question: What was the name of the event at which the iTunes Wi-Fi store was launched?

answer: The Beat Goes On...

text: The Beat Goes On...

question: On what date was the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store launched?

answer: September 5, 2007

text: September 5, 2007

question: In what year was the iTunes Wi-Fi Music Store introduced?

answer: 2007

question: Which Apple device has the ability to sync with iTunes via the phone network?

answer: iPhone

text: iPhone


text: Oklahoma City has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa), with frequent variations in weather daily and seasonally, except during the consistently hot and humid summer months. Prolonged and severe droughts (sometimes leading to wildfires in the vicinity) as well as very heavy rainfall leading to flash flooding and flooding occur with some regularity. Consistent winds, usually from the south or south-southeast during the summer, help temper the hotter weather. Consistent northerly winds during the winter can intensify cold periods. Severe ice storms and snowstorms happen sporadically during the winter.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: has

text: a

text: humid

text: subtropical

text: climate

text: Köppen

text: Cfa

text: with

text: frequent

text: variations

text: in

text: weather

text: daily

text: and

text: seasonally

text: except

text: during

text: the

text: consistently

text: hot

text: and

text: humid

text: summer

text: months

text: Prolonged

text: and

text: severe

text: droughts

text: sometimes

text: leading

text: to

text: wildfires

text: in

text: the

text: vicinity

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: very

text: heavy

text: rainfall

text: leading

text: to

text: flash

text: flooding

text: and

text: flooding

text: occur

text: with

text: some

text: regularity

text: Consistent

text: winds

text: usually

text: from

text: the

text: south

text: or

text: south

text: southeast

text: during

text: the

text: summer

text: help

text: temper

text: the

text: hotter

text: weather

text: Consistent

text: northerly

text: winds

text: during

text: the

text: winter

text: can

text: intensify

text: cold

text: periods

text: Severe

text: ice

text: storms

text: and

text: snowstorms

text: happen

text: sporadically

text: during

text: the

text: winter

question: What type of climate does Oklahoma city?

answer: humid subtropical climate

text: humid subtropical climate


text: Louis' advisors believed that, as long as Strasbourg remained independent, it would endanger the King's newly annexed territories in Alsace, and, that to defend these large rural lands effectively, a garrison had to be placed in towns such as Strasbourg. Indeed, the bridge over the Rhine at Strasbourg had been used repeatedly by Imperial (Holy Roman Empire) forces, and three times during the Franco-Dutch War Strasbourg had served as a gateway for Imperial invasions into Alsace. In September 1681 Louis' forces, though lacking a clear casus belli, surrounded the city with overwhelming force. After some negotiation, Louis marched into the city unopposed on 30 September 1681 and proclaimed its annexation.

title: Strasbourg

title: Strasbourg

text: Louis

text: advisors

text: believed

text: that

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: Strasbourg

text: remained

text: independent

text: it

text: would

text: endanger

text: the

text: King

text: 's

text: newly

text: annexed

text: territories

text: in

text: Alsace

text: and

text: that

text: to

text: defend

text: these

text: large

text: rural

text: lands

text: effectively

text: a

text: garrison

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: placed

text: in

text: towns

text: such

text: as

text: Strasbourg

text: Indeed

text: the

text: bridge

text: over

text: the

text: Rhine

text: at

text: Strasbourg

text: had

text: been

text: used

text: repeatedly

text: by

text: Imperial

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: forces

text: and

text: three

text: times

text: during

text: the

text: Franco

text: Dutch

text: War

text: Strasbourg

text: had

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: gateway

text: for

text: Imperial

text: invasions

text: into

text: Alsace

text: In

text: September

text: Louis

text: forces

text: though

text: lacking

text: a

text: clear

text: casus

text: belli

text: surrounded

text: the

text: city

text: with

text: overwhelming

text: force

text: After

text: some

text: negotiation

text: Louis

text: marched

text: into

text: the

text: city

text: unopposed

text: on

text: September

text: and

text: proclaimed

text: its

text: annexation

question: How many times was the Rhines bridge used during the Franco-Dutch War?

answer: three

text: three

question: When did Louis surround the city with considerable force?

answer: September 1681

text: September 1681

question: When did Louis march into the city unopposed and proclaimed its annexation?

answer: 30 September 1681

text: 30 September 1681

question: In what year did King Louis annex Alsace?

question: On what date did the Franco-Dutch War start?

text: 30 September 168

question: In what year was King Louis crowned?