text: New Haven is a predominantly Roman Catholic city, as the city's Dominican, Irish, Italian, Mexican, Ecuadorian, and Puerto Rican populations are overwhelmingly Catholic. The city is part of the Archdiocese of Hartford. Jews also make up a considerable portion of the population, as do Black Baptists. There is a growing number of (mostly Puerto Rican) Pentecostals as well. There are churches for all major branches of Christianity within the city, multiple store-front churches, ministries (especially in working-class Latino and Black neighborhoods), a mosque, many synagogues (including two yeshivas), and other places of worship; the level of religious diversity in the city is high.

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: New

text: Haven

text: is

text: a

text: predominantly

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: city

text: as

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: Dominican

text: Irish

text: Italian

text: Mexican

text: Ecuadorian

text: and

text: Puerto

text: Rican

text: populations

text: are

text: overwhelmingly

text: Catholic

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Archdiocese

text: of

text: Hartford

text: Jews

text: also

text: make

text: up

text: a

text: considerable

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: as

text: do

text: Black

text: Baptists

text: There

text: is

text: a

text: growing

text: number

text: of

text: mostly

text: Puerto

text: Rican

text: Pentecostals

text: as

text: well

text: There

text: are

text: churches

text: for

text: all

text: major

text: branches

text: of

text: Christianity

text: within

text: the

text: city

text: multiple

text: store

text: front

text: churches

text: ministries

text: especially

text: in

text: working

text: class

text: Latino

text: and

text: Black

text: neighborhoods

text: a

text: mosque

text: many

text: synagogues

text: including

text: two

text: yeshivas

text: and

text: other

text: places

text: of

text: worship

text: the

text: level

text: of

text: religious

text: diversity

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: high

question: What is the most prominent religion in New Haven?

answer: Roman Catholic

text: Roman Catholic

question: Under what immediate jurisdiction of the Catholic Church does New Haven fall?

answer: Archdiocese of Hartford

text: Archdiocese of Hartford

question: How many yeshivas are located in New Haven?

answer: two

text: two

question: With what religious movement do many Puerto Ricans in New Haven associate?

answer: Pentecostals

text: Pentecostals

question: In addition to Jews, what other religious community comprises a large share of the non-Catholic population of New Haven?

answer: Black Baptists

text: Black Baptists

question: In terms of religious affiliation, what is the most prevalent religion in the city?

answer: Roman Catholic

text: Roman Catholic

question: There are several religious group that have seem rise in demographics, one of which is popular among African Americans being?

answer: Baptists

text: Baptists

question: However Christianity can be found within the city, particularly which neighborhoods?

answer: working-class

text: working-class


text: After a period of confusion following Alexander's death, the Antigonid dynasty, descended from one of Alexander's generals, established its control over Macedon and most of the Greek city-states by 276 BC. From about 200 BC the Roman Republic became increasingly involved in Greek affairs and engaged in a series of wars with Macedon. Macedon's defeat at the Battle of Pydna in 168 BC signalled the end of Antigonid power in Greece. In 146 BC Macedonia was annexed as a province by Rome, and the rest of Greece became a Roman protectorate.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: After

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: confusion

text: following

text: Alexander

text: 's

text: death

text: the

text: Antigonid

text: dynasty

text: descended

text: from

text: one

text: of

text: Alexander

text: 's

text: generals

text: established

text: its

text: control

text: over

text: Macedon

text: and

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: city

text: states

text: by

text: BC

text: From

text: about

text: BC

text: the

text: Roman

text: Republic

text: became

text: increasingly

text: involved

text: in

text: Greek

text: affairs

text: and

text: engaged

text: in

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: wars

text: with

text: Macedon

text: Macedon

text: 's

text: defeat

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Pydna

text: in

text: BC

text: signalled

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: Antigonid

text: power

text: in

text: Greece

text: In

text: BC

text: Macedonia

text: was

text: annexed

text: as

text: a

text: province

text: by

text: Rome

text: and

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: Greece

text: became

text: a

text: Roman

text: protectorate

question: Who controlled Macedon after Alexander died?

answer: the Antigonid dynasty

text: the Antigonid dynasty

question: The Roman Empire became more controlling of Greece starting in what year?

answer: 200 BC

text: 200 BC

question: Macedon lost what war in 168 BC?

answer: Battle of Pydna

text: Battle of Pydna

question: In what year did Greece become a part of Rome?

answer: 146 BC

text: 146 BC

question: The end of Antigonid rule began in what year?

answer: 168 BC

text: 168 BC


text: Hitler's fierce anti-Soviet rhetoric was one of the reasons why the UK and France decided that Soviet participation in the 1938 Munich Conference regarding Czechoslovakia would be both dangerous and useless. The Munich Agreement that followed marked a partial German annexation of Czechoslovakia in late 1938 followed by its complete dissolution in March 1939, which as part of the appeasement of Germany conducted by Chamberlain's and Daladier's cabinets. This policy immediately raised the question of whether the Soviet Union could avoid being next on Hitler's list. The Soviet leadership believed that the West wanted to encourage German aggression in the East and that France and Britain might stay neutral in a war initiated by Germany, hoping that the warring states would wear each other out and put an end to both the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany.

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

title: Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop_Pact

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: fierce

text: anti

text: Soviet

text: rhetoric

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: reasons

text: why

text: the

text: UK

text: and

text: France

text: decided

text: that

text: Soviet

text: participation

text: in

text: the

text: Munich

text: Conference

text: regarding

text: Czechoslovakia

text: would

text: be

text: both

text: dangerous

text: and

text: useless

text: The

text: Munich

text: Agreement

text: that

text: followed

text: marked

text: a

text: partial

text: German

text: annexation

text: of

text: Czechoslovakia

text: in

text: late

text: followed

text: by

text: its

text: complete

text: dissolution

text: in

text: March

text: which

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: appeasement

text: of

text: Germany

text: conducted

text: by

text: Chamberlain

text: 's

text: and

text: Daladier

text: 's

text: cabinets

text: This

text: policy

text: immediately

text: raised

text: the

text: question

text: of

text: whether

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: could

text: avoid

text: being

text: next

text: on

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: list

text: The

text: Soviet

text: leadership

text: believed

text: that

text: the

text: West

text: wanted

text: to

text: encourage

text: German

text: aggression

text: in

text: the

text: East

text: and

text: that

text: France

text: and

text: Britain

text: might

text: stay

text: neutral

text: in

text: a

text: war

text: initiated

text: by

text: Germany

text: hoping

text: that

text: the

text: warring

text: states

text: would

text: wear

text: each

text: other

text: out

text: and

text: put

text: an

text: end

text: to

text: both

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: Nazi

text: Germany

question: What countries prevented the Soviets from joining the Munich Conference?

answer: UK and France

text: UK and France

question: Who was the English politician who appeased Germany with the take over of Czechoslovakia

answer: Chamberlain

text: Chamberlain

question: The soviets suspected that Nazi-Soviet conflicts would result in what?

answer: put an end to both the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany

text: put an end to both the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany

question: What countries helped the Soviets from joining the Munich Conference?

text: UK and France

question: What countries prevented the Germans from joining the Munich Conference?

text: UK and France

question: Who was the English politician who opposed Germany with the take over of Czechoslovakia

text: Chamberlain

question: Who was the French politician who appeased Germany with the take over of Czechoslovakia

text: Chamberlain

question: The soviets suspected that Nazi-Soviet conflicts would never result in what?


text: Criticism of the War on Terror addresses the issues, morality, efficiency, economics, and other questions surrounding the War on Terror and made against the phrase itself, calling it a misnomer. The notion of a "war" against "terrorism" has proven highly contentious, with critics charging that it has been exploited by participating governments to pursue long-standing policy/military objectives, reduce civil liberties, and infringe upon human rights. It is argued that the term war is not appropriate in this context (as in War on Drugs), since there is no identifiable enemy, and that it is unlikely international terrorism can be brought to an end by military means.

title: War_on_Terror

title: War_on_Terror

text: Criticism

text: of

text: the

text: War

text: on

text: Terror

text: addresses

text: the

text: issues

text: morality

text: efficiency

text: economics

text: and

text: other

text: questions

text: surrounding

text: the

text: War

text: on

text: Terror

text: and

text: made

text: against

text: the

text: phrase

text: itself

text: calling

text: it

text: a

text: misnomer

text: The

text: notion

text: of

text: a

text: war

text: against

text: terrorism

text: has

text: proven

text: highly

text: contentious

text: with

text: critics

text: charging

text: that

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: exploited

text: by

text: participating

text: governments

text: to

text: pursue

text: long

text: standing

text: policy

text: military

text: objectives

text: reduce

text: civil

text: liberties

text: and

text: infringe

text: upon

text: human

text: rights

text: It

text: is

text: argued

text: that

text: the

text: term

text: war

text: is

text: not

text: appropriate

text: in

text: this

text: context

text: as

text: in

text: War

text: on

text: Drugs

text: since

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: identifiable

text: enemy

text: and

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: unlikely

text: international

text: terrorism

text: can

text: be

text: brought

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: by

text: military

text: means

question: What phrase has been called a misnomer?

answer: War on Terror

text: War on Terror

question: What has the 'war on terror' been used as an excuse for?

answer: to pursue long-standing policy/military objectives, reduce civil liberties, and infringe upon human rights

text: to pursue long-standing policy/military objectives, reduce civil liberties, and infringe upon human rights

question: Which other misnamed 'war' has 'war on terror' been compared to?

answer: War on Drugs

text: War on Drugs

question: What is the likely fate of the 'war on terror'?

answer: it is unlikely international terrorism can be brought to an end by military means

text: it is unlikely international terrorism can be brought to an end by military means

question: What is another name for War on Drugs?

text: War on Terror

question: What is most likely to be ended by military means?

text: War on Drugs

question: What has the War on Drugs been used as an excuse for?

question: What term is appropriate for one with no identifiable enemy?

text: war


text: On July 11, 2008, citing liquidity concerns, the FDIC put IndyMac Bank into conservatorship. A bridge bank, IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB, was established to assume control of IndyMac Bank's assets, its secured liabilities, and its insured deposit accounts. The FDIC announced plans to open IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB on July 14, 2008. Until then, depositors would have access their insured deposits through ATMs, their existing checks, and their existing debit cards. Telephone and Internet account access was restored when the bank reopened. The FDIC guarantees the funds of all insured accounts up to US$100,000, and has declared a special advance dividend to the roughly 10,000 depositors with funds in excess of the insured amount, guaranteeing 50% of any amounts in excess of $100,000. Yet, even with the pending sale of Indymac to IMB Management Holdings, an estimated 10,000 uninsured depositors of Indymac are still at a loss of over $270 million.

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

title: Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%9308

text: On

text: July

text: citing

text: liquidity

text: concerns

text: the

text: FDIC

text: put

text: IndyMac

text: Bank

text: into

text: conservatorship

text: A

text: bridge

text: bank

text: IndyMac

text: Federal

text: Bank

text: FSB

text: was

text: established

text: to

text: assume

text: control

text: of

text: IndyMac

text: Bank

text: 's

text: assets

text: its

text: secured

text: liabilities

text: and

text: its

text: insured

text: deposit

text: accounts

text: The

text: FDIC

text: announced

text: plans

text: to

text: open

text: IndyMac

text: Federal

text: Bank

text: FSB

text: on

text: July

text: Until

text: then

text: depositors

text: would

text: have

text: access

text: their

text: insured

text: deposits

text: through

text: ATMs

text: their

text: existing

text: checks

text: and

text: their

text: existing

text: debit

text: cards

text: Telephone

text: and

text: Internet

text: account

text: access

text: was

text: restored

text: when

text: the

text: bank

text: reopened

text: The

text: FDIC

text: guarantees

text: the

text: funds

text: of

text: all

text: insured

text: accounts

text: up

text: to

text: US$

text: and

text: has

text: declared

text: a

text: special

text: advance

text: dividend

text: to

text: the

text: roughly

text: depositors

text: with

text: funds

text: in

text: excess

text: of

text: the

text: insured

text: amount

text: guaranteeing

text: of

text: any

text: amounts

text: in

text: excess

text: of

text: Yet

text: even

text: with

text: the

text: pending

text: sale

text: of

text: Indymac

text: to

text: IMB

text: Management

text: Holdings

text: an

text: estimated

text: uninsured

text: depositors

text: of

text: Indymac

text: are

text: still

text: at

text: a

text: loss

text: of

text: over

text: million

question: On what date did the FDIC put IndyMac Bank into conservatorship?

answer: July 11, 2008

text: July 11, 2008

question: What was the name of the bridge bank established to assume control of IndyMac Bank's assets, liabilities and deposit accounts?

answer: IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB

text: IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB

question: On what date did the FDIC plan to open IndyMac Federal Bank, FSB?

answer: July 14, 2008

text: July 14, 2008

question: What is the maximum amount of funds the FDIC guarantees in insured accounts?

answer: US$100,000

question: How many IndyMac account holders held funds in excess of the FDIC's insured amount of US$100,000?

answer: roughly 10,000 depositors

text: roughly 10,000 depositors


text: San Diego was ranked as the 20th-safest city in America in 2013 by Business Insider. According to Forbes magazine, San Diego was the ninth-safest city in the top 10 list of safest cities in the U.S. in 2010. Like most major cities, San Diego had a declining crime rate from 1990 to 2000. Crime in San Diego increased in the early 2000s. In 2004, San Diego had the sixth lowest crime rate of any U.S. city with over half a million residents. From 2002 to 2006, the crime rate overall dropped 0.8%, though not evenly by category. While violent crime decreased 12.4% during this period, property crime increased 1.1%. Total property crimes per 100,000 people were lower than the national average in 2008.

title: San_Diego

title: San_Diego

text: San

text: Diego

text: was

text: ranked

text: as

text: the

text: safest

text: city

text: in

text: America

text: in

text: by

text: Business

text: Insider

text: According

text: to

text: Forbes

text: magazine

text: San

text: Diego

text: was

text: the

text: ninth

text: safest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: top

text: list

text: of

text: safest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: in

text: Like

text: most

text: major

text: cities

text: San

text: Diego

text: had

text: a

text: declining

text: crime

text: rate

text: from

text: to

text: Crime

text: in

text: San

text: Diego

text: increased

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: In

text: San

text: Diego

text: had

text: the

text: sixth

text: lowest

text: crime

text: rate

text: of

text: any

text: U.S.

text: city

text: with

text: over

text: half

text: a

text: million

text: residents

text: From

text: to

text: the

text: crime

text: rate

text: overall

text: dropped

text: though

text: not

text: evenly

text: by

text: category

text: While

text: violent

text: crime

text: decreased

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: property

text: crime

text: increased

text: Total

text: property

text: crimes

text: per

text: people

text: were

text: lower

text: than

text: the

text: national

text: average

text: in

question: What happened to the crime rate in San Diego between 1990 and 2000?

answer: San Diego had a declining crime rate from 1990 to 2000

text: San Diego had a declining crime rate from 1990 to 2000

question: What did Business Insider call San Diego in 2013?

answer: 20th-safest city in America

text: 20th-safest city in America

question: In what place did Forbes rank San Diego on it's top 10 list?

answer: ninth

text: ninth

question: What percentage did the crime rate in San Diego drop from 2002 to 2006?

answer: 0.8%

question: What type of crime increased between 2002 and 2006?

answer: property crime

text: property crime

question: What happened to the crime rate in San Diego between 1990 and 2010?

text: San Diego had a declining crime rate

question: What did Business Insider call San Diego in 2003?

text: 20th-safest city in America

question: In what place did Forbes rank San Diego on it's top 5 list?

text: ninth

question: What percentage did the crime rate in San Diego drop from 2002 to 2016?

question: What type of crime increased between 2002 and 2016?

text: property crime


text: German historian Reinhart Koselleck claimed that "On the Continent there were two social structures that left a decisive imprint on the Age of Enlightenment: the Republic of Letters and the Masonic lodges." Scottish professor Thomas Munck argues that "although the Masons did promote international and cross-social contacts which were essentially non-religious and broadly in agreement with enlightened values, they can hardly be described as a major radical or reformist network in their own right." Many of the Masons values seemed to greatly appeal to Enlightenment values and thinkers. Diderot discusses the link between Freemason ideals and the enlightenment in D'Alembert's Dream, exploring masonry as a way of spreading enlightenment beliefs. Historian Margaret Jacob stresses the importance of the Masons in indirectly inspiring enlightened political thought. On the negative side, Daniel Roche contests claims that Masonry promoted egalitarianism. He argues that the lodges only attracted men of similar social backgrounds. The presence of noble women in the French "lodges of adoption" that formed in the 1780s was largely due to the close ties shared between these lodges and aristocratic society.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: German

text: historian

text: Reinhart

text: Koselleck

text: claimed

text: that

text: On

text: the

text: Continent

text: there

text: were

text: two

text: social

text: structures

text: that

text: left

text: a

text: decisive

text: imprint

text: on

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Enlightenment

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Letters

text: and

text: the

text: Masonic

text: lodges

text: Scottish

text: professor

text: Thomas

text: Munck

text: argues

text: that

text: although

text: the

text: Masons

text: did

text: promote

text: international

text: and

text: cross

text: social

text: contacts

text: which

text: were

text: essentially

text: non

text: religious

text: and

text: broadly

text: in

text: agreement

text: with

text: enlightened

text: values

text: they

text: can

text: hardly

text: be

text: described

text: as

text: a

text: major

text: radical

text: or

text: reformist

text: network

text: in

text: their

text: own

text: right

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: Masons

text: values

text: seemed

text: to

text: greatly

text: appeal

text: to

text: Enlightenment

text: values

text: and

text: thinkers

text: Diderot

text: discusses

text: the

text: link

text: between

text: Freemason

text: ideals

text: and

text: the

text: enlightenment

text: in

text: D'Alembert

text: 's

text: Dream

text: exploring

text: masonry

text: as

text: a

text: way

text: of

text: spreading

text: enlightenment

text: beliefs

text: Historian

text: Margaret

text: Jacob

text: stresses

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: the

text: Masons

text: in

text: indirectly

text: inspiring

text: enlightened

text: political

text: thought

text: On

text: the

text: negative

text: side

text: Daniel

text: Roche

text: contests

text: claims

text: that

text: Masonry

text: promoted

text: egalitarianism

text: He

text: argues

text: that

text: the

text: lodges

text: only

text: attracted

text: men

text: of

text: similar

text: social

text: backgrounds

text: The

text: presence

text: of

text: noble

text: women

text: in

text: the

text: French

text: lodges

text: of

text: adoption

text: that

text: formed

text: in

text: the

text: was

text: largely

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: close

text: ties

text: shared

text: between

text: these

text: lodges

text: and

text: aristocratic

text: society

question: According to German historian Reinhart Koselleck, which two social structures left a decisive imprint on the Age of Enlightenment?

answer: the Republic of Letters and the Masonic lodges

text: the Republic of Letters and the Masonic lodges

question: Which Scottish professor believes that Masons were not a major radical or reformist network in their own right?

answer: Thomas Munck

text: Thomas Munck

question: Historian Margaret Jacob stresses the importance of the Masons in indirectly inspriting what type of thinking?

answer: political thought

text: political thought

question: Daniel Roche claims that Masonry promoted what idea by only attracting men of similar social background?

answer: egalitarianism

text: egalitarianism

question: The presence of whom in the French "lodges of adoption" formed in the 1780s was die to the close ties shared with aristocratic society?

answer: noble women

text: noble women


text: European colonists created treaties with Indigenous American tribes requesting the return of any runaway slaves. For example, in 1726, the British governor of New York exacted a promise from the Iroquois to return all runaway slaves who had joined them. This same promise was extracted from the Huron Nation in 1764, and from the Delaware Nation in 1765, though there is no record of slaves ever being returned. Numerous advertisements requested the return of African Americans who had married Indigenous Americans or who spoke an Indigenous American language. The primary exposure that Africans and Indigenous Americans had to each other came through the institution of slavery. Indigenous Americans learned that Africans had what Indigenous Americans considered 'Great Medicine' in their bodies because Africans were virtually immune to the Old-World diseases that were decimating most native populations. Because of this, many tribes encouraged marriage between the two groups, to create stronger, healthier children from the unions.

title: Multiracial_American

title: Multiracial_American

text: European

text: colonists

text: created

text: treaties

text: with

text: Indigenous

text: American

text: tribes

text: requesting

text: the

text: return

text: of

text: any

text: runaway

text: slaves

text: For

text: example

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: governor

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: exacted

text: a

text: promise

text: from

text: the

text: Iroquois

text: to

text: return

text: all

text: runaway

text: slaves

text: who

text: had

text: joined

text: them

text: This

text: same

text: promise

text: was

text: extracted

text: from

text: the

text: Huron

text: Nation

text: in

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: Delaware

text: Nation

text: in

text: though

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: record

text: of

text: slaves

text: ever

text: being

text: returned

text: Numerous

text: advertisements

text: requested

text: the

text: return

text: of

text: African

text: Americans

text: who

text: had

text: married

text: Indigenous

text: Americans

text: or

text: who

text: spoke

text: an

text: Indigenous

text: American

text: language

text: The

text: primary

text: exposure

text: that

text: Africans

text: and

text: Indigenous

text: Americans

text: had

text: to

text: each

text: other

text: came

text: through

text: the

text: institution

text: of

text: slavery

text: Indigenous

text: Americans

text: learned

text: that

text: Africans

text: had

text: what

text: Indigenous

text: Americans

text: considered

text: Great

text: Medicine

text: in

text: their

text: bodies

text: because

text: Africans

text: were

text: virtually

text: immune

text: to

text: the

text: Old

text: World

text: diseases

text: that

text: were

text: decimating

text: most

text: native

text: populations

text: Because

text: of

text: this

text: many

text: tribes

text: encouraged

text: marriage

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: groups

text: to

text: create

text: stronger

text: healthier

text: children

text: from

text: the

text: unions

question: Who did colonists ask for help in returning runaway slaves?

answer: Indigenous American tribes

text: Indigenous American tribes

question: When was a treaty with the Iroquis made to return slaves?

answer: 1726

question: What asked for the return of slaves who married indigenous americans or spoke their language?

answer: Numerous advertisements

text: Numerous advertisements

question: How did natives and Africans come to know each other?

answer: through the institution of slavery

text: through the institution of slavery

question: Why did natives consider Africans to have a 'Great Medicine'?

answer: because Africans were virtually immune to the Old-World diseases

text: because Africans were virtually immune to the Old-World diseases

question: Who never created a treaty with the Indigenous American tribes?

text: European colonists

question: When did the governor of South Carolina make the Iroquois promise to return runaway slaves?

question: What were Indigenous Americans immune to?

text: Old-World diseases

question: Why did the tribes encourage marriage between Indigenous Americans and whites?

text: to create stronger, healthier children

question: What Indigenous American tribe returned slaves to the European colonists?

text: Delaware Nation


text: In 1840, Louis Philippe I obtained permission from the British to return Napoleon's remains to France. On 15 December 1840, a state funeral was held. The hearse proceeded from the Arc de Triomphe down the Champs-Élysées, across the Place de la Concorde to the Esplanade des Invalides and then to the cupola in St Jérôme's Chapel, where it remained until the tomb designed by Louis Visconti was completed. In 1861, Napoleon's remains were entombed in a porphyry sarcophagus in the crypt under the dome at Les Invalides.

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: In

text: Louis

text: Philippe

text: I

text: obtained

text: permission

text: from

text: the

text: British

text: to

text: return

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: remains

text: to

text: France

text: On

text: December

text: a

text: state

text: funeral

text: was

text: held

text: The

text: hearse

text: proceeded

text: from

text: the

text: Arc

text: de

text: Triomphe

text: down

text: the

text: Champs

text: Élysées

text: across

text: the

text: Place

text: de

text: la

text: Concorde

text: to

text: the

text: Esplanade

text: des

text: Invalides

text: and

text: then

text: to

text: the

text: cupola

text: in

text: St

text: Jérôme

text: 's

text: Chapel

text: where

text: it

text: remained

text: until

text: the

text: tomb

text: designed

text: by

text: Louis

text: Visconti

text: was

text: completed

text: In

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: remains

text: were

text: entombed

text: in

text: a

text: porphyry

text: sarcophagus

text: in

text: the

text: crypt

text: under

text: the

text: dome

text: at

text: Les

text: Invalides

question: In what year did Louis Philippe I get permission to return Napoleon's remains to France?

answer: 1840

question: On what date was a state funeral held for Napoleon?

answer: 15 December 1840

text: 15 December 1840

question: At what location did the hearse carrying Napoleon's remains begin its procession?

answer: the Arc de Triomphe

text: the Arc de Triomphe

question: In what building was the cupola where Napoleon's remains were first placed located?

answer: St Jérôme's Chapel

text: St Jérôme's Chapel

question: In what year was Napoleon's final tomb completed?

answer: 1861


text: In 1045, the Byzantine Empire conquered Bagratid Armenia. Soon, the other Armenian states fell under Byzantine control as well. The Byzantine rule was short lived, as in 1071 Seljuk Turks defeated the Byzantines and conquered Armenia at the Battle of Manzikert, establishing the Seljuk Empire. To escape death or servitude at the hands of those who had assassinated his relative, Gagik II, King of Ani, an Armenian named Roupen, went with some of his countrymen into the gorges of the Taurus Mountains and then into Tarsus of Cilicia. The Byzantine governor of the palace gave them shelter where the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia was eventually established on 6 January 1198 under King Leo I, a descendant of Prince Roupen.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: In

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: Empire

text: conquered

text: Bagratid

text: Armenia

text: Soon

text: the

text: other

text: Armenian

text: states

text: fell

text: under

text: Byzantine

text: control

text: as

text: well

text: The

text: Byzantine

text: rule

text: was

text: short

text: lived

text: as

text: in

text: Seljuk

text: Turks

text: defeated

text: the

text: Byzantines

text: and

text: conquered

text: Armenia

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Manzikert

text: establishing

text: the

text: Seljuk

text: Empire

text: To

text: escape

text: death

text: or

text: servitude

text: at

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: those

text: who

text: had

text: assassinated

text: his

text: relative

text: Gagik

text: II

text: King

text: of

text: Ani

text: an

text: Armenian

text: named

text: Roupen

text: went

text: with

text: some

text: of

text: his

text: countrymen

text: into

text: the

text: gorges

text: of

text: the

text: Taurus

text: Mountains

text: and

text: then

text: into

text: Tarsus

text: of

text: Cilicia

text: The

text: Byzantine

text: governor

text: of

text: the

text: palace

text: gave

text: them

text: shelter

text: where

text: the

text: Armenian

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Cilicia

text: was

text: eventually

text: established

text: on

text: January

text: under

text: King

text: Leo

text: I

text: a

text: descendant

text: of

text: Prince

text: Roupen

question: Who vanquished Bagratid Armenia?

answer: the Byzantine Empire

text: the Byzantine Empire

question: When did the Seljuk Turks beat the Byzantines?

answer: 1071

question: When was Cilicia founded?

answer: 6 January 1198

text: 6 January 1198

question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Manzikert for the Seljuk Turks?

answer: conquered Armenia

text: conquered Armenia

question: Where did Roupen find refuge?

answer: Tarsus of Cilicia

text: Tarsus of Cilicia


text: Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, and Brazil were the top source countries from South America for legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013; the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Haiti, and Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean; Egypt, Ghana, and Nigeria from Africa; and El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala in Central America. Amidst a resurgence of Puerto Rican migration to New York City, this population had increased to approximately 1.3 million in the metropolitan area as of 2013.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: Ecuador

text: Colombia

text: Guyana

text: Peru

text: and

text: Brazil

text: were

text: the

text: top

text: source

text: countries

text: from

text: South

text: America

text: for

text: legal

text: immigrants

text: to

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: region

text: in

text: the

text: Dominican

text: Republic

text: Jamaica

text: Haiti

text: and

text: Trinidad

text: and

text: Tobago

text: in

text: the

text: Caribbean

text: Egypt

text: Ghana

text: and

text: Nigeria

text: from

text: Africa

text: and

text: El

text: Salvador

text: Honduras

text: and

text: Guatemala

text: in

text: Central

text: America

text: Amidst

text: a

text: resurgence

text: of

text: Puerto

text: Rican

text: migration

text: to

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: this

text: population

text: had

text: increased

text: to

text: approximately

text: million

text: in

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: as

text: of

question: In 2013, how many people of Puerto Rican ancestry lived in New York City?

answer: 1.3 million

text: 1.3 million

question: What nation provided the most legal immigrants to New York City in the Caribbean?

answer: the Dominican Republic

text: the Dominican Republic

question: Out of all African nations, which provided the most legal immigrants in 2013?

answer: Egypt

text: Egypt

question: Out of all nations in Central America, which provided the most legal immigrants in 2013?

answer: El Salvador

text: El Salvador

question: Of all the countries in South America, which provided the most legal immigrants in 2013?

answer: Ecuador

text: Ecuador


text: West's musical career has been defined by frequent stylistic shifts, and has seen him develop and explore a variety of different musical approaches and genres throughout his work. When asked about his musical inspirations, he has named A Tribe Called Quest, Stevie Wonder, Michael Jackson, George Michael, LL Cool J, Phil Collins and Madonna as early interests. He has further described musician David Bowie as one of his "most important inspirations," and named producer Puff Daddy as the "most important cultural figure in my life." Early in his career, West pioneered a style of production dubbed "chipmunk soul" which utilized pitched-up vocal samples, usually from soul and R&B songs, along with his own drums and instrumentation. His first major release featuring his trademark soulful vocal sampling style was "This Can't Be Life", a track from Jay-Z’s The Dynasty: Roc La Familia. West has said that Wu-Tang Clan producer RZA influenced him in his style, and has named Wu-Tang rappers Ghostface Killah and Ol' Dirty Bastard as inspirations. RZA spoke positively of the comparisons, stating in an interview for Rolling Stone, "All good. I got super respect for Kanye [...] [he] is going to inspire people to be like him." West further developed his style on his 2004 debut album, The College Dropout. After a rough version was leaked, he meticulously refined the production, adding string arrangements, gospel choirs, and improved drum programming.

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: West

text: 's

text: musical

text: career

text: has

text: been

text: defined

text: by

text: frequent

text: stylistic

text: shifts

text: and

text: has

text: seen

text: him

text: develop

text: and

text: explore

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: different

text: musical

text: approaches

text: and

text: genres

text: throughout

text: his

text: work

text: When

text: asked

text: about

text: his

text: musical

text: inspirations

text: he

text: has

text: named

text: A

text: Tribe

text: Called

text: Quest

text: Stevie

text: Wonder

text: Michael

text: Jackson

text: George

text: Michael

text: LL

text: Cool

text: J

text: Phil

text: Collins

text: and

text: Madonna

text: as

text: early

text: interests

text: He

text: has

text: further

text: described

text: musician

text: David

text: Bowie

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: his

text: most

text: important

text: inspirations

text: and

text: named

text: producer

text: Puff

text: Daddy

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: cultural

text: figure

text: in

text: my

text: life

text: Early

text: in

text: his

text: career

text: West

text: pioneered

text: a

text: style

text: of

text: production

text: dubbed

text: chipmunk

text: soul

text: which

text: utilized

text: pitched

text: up

text: vocal

text: samples

text: usually

text: from

text: soul

text: and

text: R&B

text: songs

text: along

text: with

text: his

text: own

text: drums

text: and

text: instrumentation

text: His

text: first

text: major

text: release

text: featuring

text: his

text: trademark

text: soulful

text: vocal

text: sampling

text: style

text: was

text: This

text: Ca

text: n't

text: Be

text: Life

text: a

text: track

text: from

text: Jay

text: Z

text: ’s

text: The

text: Dynasty

text: Roc

text: La

text: Familia

text: West

text: has

text: said

text: that

text: Wu

text: Tang

text: Clan

text: producer

text: RZA

text: influenced

text: him

text: in

text: his

text: style

text: and

text: has

text: named

text: Wu

text: Tang

text: rappers

text: Ghostface

text: Killah

text: and

text: Ol'

text: Dirty

text: Bastard

text: as

text: inspirations

text: RZA

text: spoke

text: positively

text: of

text: the

text: comparisons

text: stating

text: in

text: an

text: interview

text: for

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: All

text: good

text: I

text: got

text: super

text: respect

text: for

text: Kanye

text: he

text: is

text: going

text: to

text: inspire

text: people

text: to

text: be

text: like

text: him

text: West

text: further

text: developed

text: his

text: style

text: on

text: his

text: debut

text: album

text: The

text: College

text: Dropout

text: After

text: a

text: rough

text: version

text: was

text: leaked

text: he

text: meticulously

text: refined

text: the

text: production

text: adding

text: string

text: arrangements

text: gospel

text: choirs

text: and

text: improved

text: drum

text: programming

question: What English musician did Kanye cite as one of his biggest inspirations?

answer: David Bowie

text: David Bowie

question: Kanye has stated that members from which rap group influenced his early style?

answer: Wu-Tang Clan

text: Wu-Tang Clan

question: What name did Kanye's early production style coin.

answer: chipmunk soul

text: chipmunk soul

question: What artist was named by Kanye West to be his "most important inspiration"?

answer: David Bowie

text: David Bowie

question: Who was Kanye's greatest cultural figure?

answer: Puff Daddy

text: Puff Daddy

question: What was the name of the song that first featured Kanye's "chipmunk soul" style?

answer: "This Can't Be Life"

text: "This Can't Be Life"


text: Cross-cultural study of comics is complicated by the great difference in meaning and scope of the words for "comics" in different languages. The French term for comics, bandes dessinées ("drawn strip") emphasizes the juxtaposition of drawn images as a defining factor, which can imply the exclusion of even photographic comics. The term manga is used in Japanese to indicate all forms of comics, cartooning, and caricature.

title: Comics

title: Comics

text: Cross

text: cultural

text: study

text: of

text: comics

text: is

text: complicated

text: by

text: the

text: great

text: difference

text: in

text: meaning

text: and

text: scope

text: of

text: the

text: words

text: for

text: comics

text: in

text: different

text: languages

text: The

text: French

text: term

text: for

text: comics

text: bandes

text: dessinées

text: drawn

text: strip

text: emphasizes

text: the

text: juxtaposition

text: of

text: drawn

text: images

text: as

text: a

text: defining

text: factor

text: which

text: can

text: imply

text: the

text: exclusion

text: of

text: even

text: photographic

text: comics

text: The

text: term

text: manga

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: Japanese

text: to

text: indicate

text: all

text: forms

text: of

text: comics

text: cartooning

text: and

text: caricature

question: What word is used in France for comics?

answer: bandes dessinées

text: bandes dessinées

question: What word is used in Japan for comics?

answer: manga

text: manga

question: What does bandes dessinées mean?

answer: drawn strip

text: drawn strip

question: What is the definitive factor of bandes dessinées?

answer: drawn images

text: drawn images

question: What word is rejected in France for comics?

text: bandes dessinées

question: What word is used in France for comedies?

text: bandes dessinées

question: What word isn't used in Japan for comics?

text: manga

question: What doesn't bandes dessinées mean?

text: drawn strip

question: What is the non-definitive factor of bandes dessinées?

text: drawn images


text: On April 20, 2011, Sony shut down the PlayStation Network and Qriocity for a prolonged interval, revealing on April 23 that this was due to "an external intrusion on our system". Sony later revealed that the personal information of 77 million users might have been taken, including: names; addresses; countries; email addresses; birthdates; PSN/Qriocity logins, passwords and handles/PSN online IDs. They also stated that it was possible that users' profile data, including purchase history and billing address, and PlayStation Network/Qriocity password security answers may have been obtained. There was no evidence that any credit card data had been taken, but the possibility could not be ruled out, and Sony advised customers that their credit card data may have been obtained. Additionally, the credit card numbers were encrypted and Sony never collected the three digit CVC or CSC number from the back of the credit cards which is required for authenticating some transactions. In response to the incident, Sony announced a "Welcome Back" program, 30 days free membership of PlayStation Plus for all PSN members, two free downloadable PS3 games, and a free one-year enrollment in an identity theft protection program.

title: PlayStation_3

title: PlayStation_3

text: On

text: April

text: Sony

text: shut

text: down

text: the

text: PlayStation

text: Network

text: and

text: Qriocity

text: for

text: a

text: prolonged

text: interval

text: revealing

text: on

text: April

text: that

text: this

text: was

text: due

text: to

text: an

text: external

text: intrusion

text: on

text: our

text: system

text: Sony

text: later

text: revealed

text: that

text: the

text: personal

text: information

text: of

text: million

text: users

text: might

text: have

text: been

text: taken

text: including

text: names

text: addresses

text: countries

text: email

text: addresses

text: birthdates

text: PSN

text: Qriocity

text: logins

text: passwords

text: and

text: handles

text: PSN

text: online

text: IDs

text: They

text: also

text: stated

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: possible

text: that

text: users

text: profile

text: data

text: including

text: purchase

text: history

text: and

text: billing

text: address

text: and

text: PlayStation

text: Network

text: Qriocity

text: password

text: security

text: answers

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: obtained

text: There

text: was

text: no

text: evidence

text: that

text: any

text: credit

text: card

text: data

text: had

text: been

text: taken

text: but

text: the

text: possibility

text: could

text: not

text: be

text: ruled

text: out

text: and

text: Sony

text: advised

text: customers

text: that

text: their

text: credit

text: card

text: data

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: obtained

text: Additionally

text: the

text: credit

text: card

text: numbers

text: were

text: encrypted

text: and

text: Sony

text: never

text: collected

text: the

text: three

text: digit

text: CVC

text: or

text: CSC

text: number

text: from

text: the

text: back

text: of

text: the

text: credit

text: cards

text: which

text: is

text: required

text: for

text: authenticating

text: some

text: transactions

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: the

text: incident

text: Sony

text: announced

text: a

text: Welcome

text: Back

text: program

text: days

text: free

text: membership

text: of

text: PlayStation

text: Plus

text: for

text: all

text: PSN

text: members

text: two

text: free

text: downloadable

text: games

text: and

text: a

text: free

text: one

text: year

text: enrollment

text: in

text: an

text: identity

text: theft

text: protection

text: program

question: What was the date Sony shut down the PS Network because of a security breach?

answer: April 20, 2011

text: April 20, 2011

question: How many users did Sony say might have been affected by the intrusion?

answer: 77 million

text: 77 million

question: What did Sony call the special offer they handed out to respond to the breach?

answer: "Welcome Back"

text: "Welcome Back"

question: How many free days of PlayStation Plus were included in the offer?

answer: 30

question: How many free game downloads were included in the "Welcome Back" program?

answer: two

text: two

question: What was the date Sony shut down the Microsoft Network because of a security breach?

text: April 20, 2011

question: How many users did Sony say might have been unaffected by the intrusion?

text: 77 million

question: What didn't Sony call the special offer they handed out to respond to the breach?

text: Welcome Back

question: How many paid days of PlayStation Plus were included in the offer?

question: How many free game downloads were excluded in the "Welcome Back" program?

text: two


text: Hisham suffered still worse defeats in the east, where his armies attempted to subdue both Tokharistan, with its center at Balkh, and Transoxiana, with its center at Samarkand. Both areas had already been partially conquered, but remained difficult to govern. Once again, a particular difficulty concerned the question of the conversion of non-Arabs, especially the Sogdians of Transoxiana. Following the Umayyad defeat in the "Day of Thirst" in 724, Ashras ibn 'Abd Allah al-Sulami, governor of Khurasan, promised tax relief to those Sogdians who converted to Islam, but went back on his offer when it proved too popular and threatened to reduce tax revenues. Discontent among the Khurasani Arabs rose sharply after the losses suffered in the Battle of the Defile in 731, and in 734, al-Harith ibn Surayj led a revolt that received broad backing from Arabs and natives alike, capturing Balkh but failing to take Merv. After this defeat, al-Harith's movement seems to have been dissolved, but the problem of the rights of non-Arab Muslims would continue to plague the Umayyads.

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

text: Hisham

text: suffered

text: still

text: worse

text: defeats

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: where

text: his

text: armies

text: attempted

text: to

text: subdue

text: both

text: Tokharistan

text: with

text: its

text: center

text: at

text: Balkh

text: and

text: Transoxiana

text: with

text: its

text: center

text: at

text: Samarkand

text: Both

text: areas

text: had

text: already

text: been

text: partially

text: conquered

text: but

text: remained

text: difficult

text: to

text: govern

text: Once

text: again

text: a

text: particular

text: difficulty

text: concerned

text: the

text: question

text: of

text: the

text: conversion

text: of

text: non

text: Arabs

text: especially

text: the

text: Sogdians

text: of

text: Transoxiana

text: Following

text: the

text: Umayyad

text: defeat

text: in

text: the

text: Day

text: of

text: Thirst

text: in

text: Ashras

text: ibn

text: Abd

text: Allah

text: al

text: Sulami

text: governor

text: of

text: Khurasan

text: promised

text: tax

text: relief

text: to

text: those

text: Sogdians

text: who

text: converted

text: to

text: Islam

text: but

text: went

text: back

text: on

text: his

text: offer

text: when

text: it

text: proved

text: too

text: popular

text: and

text: threatened

text: to

text: reduce

text: tax

text: revenues

text: Discontent

text: among

text: the

text: Khurasani

text: Arabs

text: rose

text: sharply

text: after

text: the

text: losses

text: suffered

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: the

text: Defile

text: in

text: and

text: in

text: al

text: Harith

text: ibn

text: Surayj

text: led

text: a

text: revolt

text: that

text: received

text: broad

text: backing

text: from

text: Arabs

text: and

text: natives

text: alike

text: capturing

text: Balkh

text: but

text: failing

text: to

text: take

text: Merv

text: After

text: this

text: defeat

text: al

text: Harith

text: 's

text: movement

text: seems

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: dissolved

text: but

text: the

text: problem

text: of

text: the

text: rights

text: of

text: non

text: Arab

text: Muslims

text: would

text: continue

text: to

text: plague

text: the

text: Umayyads

question: What was the main city of Tokharistan?

answer: Balkh

text: Balkh

question: What was the central part of Transoxiana called?

answer: Samarkand

text: Samarkand

question: In what year did the Day of Thirst occur?

answer: 724

question: What notable battle occurred in 731?

answer: Battle of the Defile

text: Battle of the Defile

question: Who was the leader of the revolt of 734?

answer: al-Harith ibn Surayj

text: al-Harith ibn Surayj

question: Who suffered worse defeats in the west?

text: Hisham

question: What area was easy to govern?

text: Tokharistan

question: What was the Umayyad victory in 724 called?

text: Day of Thirst

question: What governor stuck to his promise of tax relief to the Sogdians?

text: Ashras ibn 'Abd Allah al-Sulami

question: Who was able to capture Merv?

text: al-Harith ibn Surayj


text: The book aroused international interest and a widespread debate, with no sharp line between scientific issues and ideological, social and religious implications. Much of the initial reaction was hostile, but Darwin had to be taken seriously as a prominent and respected name in science. There was much less controversy than had greeted the 1844 publication Vestiges of Creation, which had been rejected by scientists, but had influenced a wide public readership into believing that nature and human society were governed by natural laws. The Origin of Species as a book of wide general interest became associated with ideas of social reform. Its proponents made full use of a surge in the publication of review journals, and it was given more popular attention than almost any other scientific work, though it failed to match the continuing sales of Vestiges. Darwin's book legitimised scientific discussion of evolutionary mechanisms, and the newly coined term Darwinism was used to cover the whole range of evolutionism, not just his own ideas. By the mid-1870s, evolutionism was triumphant.

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

text: The

text: book

text: aroused

text: international

text: interest

text: and

text: a

text: widespread

text: debate

text: with

text: no

text: sharp

text: line

text: between

text: scientific

text: issues

text: and

text: ideological

text: social

text: and

text: religious

text: implications

text: Much

text: of

text: the

text: initial

text: reaction

text: was

text: hostile

text: but

text: Darwin

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: taken

text: seriously

text: as

text: a

text: prominent

text: and

text: respected

text: name

text: in

text: science

text: There

text: was

text: much

text: less

text: controversy

text: than

text: had

text: greeted

text: the

text: publication

text: Vestiges

text: of

text: Creation

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: rejected

text: by

text: scientists

text: but

text: had

text: influenced

text: a

text: wide

text: public

text: readership

text: into

text: believing

text: that

text: nature

text: and

text: human

text: society

text: were

text: governed

text: by

text: natural

text: laws

text: The

text: Origin

text: of

text: Species

text: as

text: a

text: book

text: of

text: wide

text: general

text: interest

text: became

text: associated

text: with

text: ideas

text: of

text: social

text: reform

text: Its

text: proponents

text: made

text: full

text: use

text: of

text: a

text: surge

text: in

text: the

text: publication

text: of

text: review

text: journals

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: given

text: more

text: popular

text: attention

text: than

text: almost

text: any

text: other

text: scientific

text: work

text: though

text: it

text: failed

text: to

text: match

text: the

text: continuing

text: sales

text: of

text: Vestiges

text: Darwin

text: 's

text: book

text: legitimised

text: scientific

text: discussion

text: of

text: evolutionary

text: mechanisms

text: and

text: the

text: newly

text: coined

text: term

text: Darwinism

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: cover

text: the

text: whole

text: range

text: of

text: evolutionism

text: not

text: just

text: his

text: own

text: ideas

text: By

text: the

text: evolutionism

text: was

text: triumphant

question: Why did On the Origin of Species likely raise so much interest and debate?

answer: no sharp line between scientific issues and ideological, social and religious implications

text: no sharp line between scientific issues and ideological, social and religious implications

question: Why was the book taken seriously even though much of the response was hostile?

answer: Darwin had to be taken seriously as a prominent and respected name in science

text: Darwin had to be taken seriously as a prominent and respected name in science

question: What field of ideas latched onto On the Origin of Species when it became a widespread success?

answer: social reform

text: social reform

question: What did Darwin's book do for the field of scientific study of evolution?

answer: Darwin's book legitimised scientific discussion of evolutionary mechanisms

text: Darwin's book legitimised scientific discussion of evolutionary mechanisms

question: What was the term used to not only describe Darwin's theories, but the whole spectrum of evolution-ism after his book met with success?

answer: Darwinism

text: Darwinism


text: The French crown's increasing dominance over the Papacy culminated in the transference of the Holy See to Avignon in 1309. When the Pope returned to Rome in 1377, this led to the election of different popes in Avignon and Rome, resulting in the Papal Schism (1378–1417). The Schism divided Europe along political lines; while France, her ally Scotland and the Spanish kingdoms supported the Avignon Papacy, France's enemy England stood behind the Pope in Rome, together with Portugal, Scandinavia and most of the German princes.

title: Late_Middle_Ages

title: Late_Middle_Ages

text: The

text: French

text: crown

text: 's

text: increasing

text: dominance

text: over

text: the

text: Papacy

text: culminated

text: in

text: the

text: transference

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: See

text: to

text: Avignon

text: in

text: When

text: the

text: Pope

text: returned

text: to

text: Rome

text: in

text: this

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: election

text: of

text: different

text: popes

text: in

text: Avignon

text: and

text: Rome

text: resulting

text: in

text: the

text: Papal

text: Schism

text: The

text: Schism

text: divided

text: Europe

text: along

text: political

text: lines

text: while

text: France

text: her

text: ally

text: Scotland

text: and

text: the

text: Spanish

text: kingdoms

text: supported

text: the

text: Avignon

text: Papacy

text: France

text: 's

text: enemy

text: England

text: stood

text: behind

text: the

text: Pope

text: in

text: Rome

text: together

text: with

text: Portugal

text: Scandinavia

text: and

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: princes

question: What was the result of the election of two popes at the same time?

answer: Papal Schism

text: Papal Schism

question: Where was the Holy See transferred to in 1309?

answer: Avignon

text: Avignon

question: In what year did the Pope return to Rome from Avignon?

answer: 1377

question: What was the time frame of the Papal Schism?

answer: 1378–1417

question: Who were the supporters of the Avignon Papacy?

answer: France, her ally Scotland and the Spanish kingdoms

text: France, her ally Scotland and the Spanish kingdoms

question: What was the result of the election of three popes at the same time?

text: Papal Schism

question: Where was the Holy See transferred to in 1039?

text: Avignon

question: In what year didn't the Pope return to Rome from Avignon?

question: What wasn't the time frame of the Papal Schism?

question: Who were the rejecters of the Avignon Papacy?


text: Both Allen and Lambert released the coronation song, "No Boundaries" which was co-written by DioGuardi. This is the first season in which the winner failed to achieve gold album status, and none from that season achieved platinum album status in the U.S.[citation needed]

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: Both

text: Allen

text: and

text: Lambert

text: released

text: the

text: coronation

text: song

text: No

text: Boundaries

text: which

text: was

text: co

text: written

text: by

text: DioGuardi

text: This

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: season

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: winner

text: failed

text: to

text: achieve

text: gold

text: album

text: status

text: and

text: from

text: that

text: season

text: achieved

text: platinum

text: album

text: status

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.[citation

text: needed

question: What was the name of the song that Kris Allen and Adam Lamber released after American Idol?

answer: No Boundaries

text: No Boundaries

question: Who helped write the song "No Boundaries"?

answer: DioGuardi

text: DioGuardi

question: What was the coronation song for this season?

answer: No Boundaries

text: No Boundaries

question: Who co-wrote the coronation song?

answer: DioGuardi

text: DioGuardi

question: Unlike every previous winner, the winner of this season failed to achieve what status?

answer: gold album status

text: gold album status

question: How many contestants from this season reached platinum album status?

answer: none


text: In Ireland comprehensive schools were an earlier model of state schools, introduced in the late 1960s and largely replaced by the secular community model of the 1970s. The comprehensive model generally incorporated older schools that were under Roman Catholic or Protestant ownership, and the various denominations still manage the school as patrons or trustees. The state owns the school property, which is vested in the trustees in perpetuity. The model was adopted to make state schools more acceptable to a largely conservative society of the time.

title: Comprehensive_school

title: Comprehensive_school

text: In

text: Ireland

text: comprehensive

text: schools

text: were

text: an

text: earlier

text: model

text: of

text: state

text: schools

text: introduced

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: largely

text: replaced

text: by

text: the

text: secular

text: community

text: model

text: of

text: the

text: The

text: comprehensive

text: model

text: generally

text: incorporated

text: older

text: schools

text: that

text: were

text: under

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: or

text: Protestant

text: ownership

text: and

text: the

text: various

text: denominations

text: still

text: manage

text: the

text: school

text: as

text: patrons

text: or

text: trustees

text: The

text: state

text: owns

text: the

text: school

text: property

text: which

text: is

text: vested

text: in

text: the

text: trustees

text: in

text: perpetuity

text: The

text: model

text: was

text: adopted

text: to

text: make

text: state

text: schools

text: more

text: acceptable

text: to

text: a

text: largely

text: conservative

text: society

text: of

text: the

text: time

question: In what decade were community schools conceived?

answer: 1970s

question: Who owns the land on which Irish comprehensive schools are found?

answer: The state

text: The state

question: In what decade weren't community schools conceived?

question: In what decade were community schools closed?

question: Who rents the land on which Irish comprehensive schools are found?

text: The state

question: Who owns the land on which Scotish comprehensive schools are found?

text: The state

question: Who owns the land on which Irish comprehensive schools aren't found?

text: The state


text: The lowest pressure that can be attained in a system is also dependent on many things other than the nature of the pumps. Multiple pumps may be connected in series, called stages, to achieve higher vacuums. The choice of seals, chamber geometry, materials, and pump-down procedures will all have an impact. Collectively, these are called vacuum technique. And sometimes, the final pressure is not the only relevant characteristic. Pumping systems differ in oil contamination, vibration, preferential pumping of certain gases, pump-down speeds, intermittent duty cycle, reliability, or tolerance to high leakage rates.

title: Vacuum

title: Vacuum

text: The

text: lowest

text: pressure

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: attained

text: in

text: a

text: system

text: is

text: also

text: dependent

text: on

text: many

text: things

text: other

text: than

text: the

text: nature

text: of

text: the

text: pumps

text: Multiple

text: pumps

text: may

text: be

text: connected

text: in

text: series

text: called

text: stages

text: to

text: achieve

text: higher

text: vacuums

text: The

text: choice

text: of

text: seals

text: chamber

text: geometry

text: materials

text: and

text: pump

text: down

text: procedures

text: will

text: all

text: have

text: an

text: impact

text: Collectively

text: these

text: are

text: called

text: vacuum

text: technique

text: And

text: sometimes

text: the

text: final

text: pressure

text: is

text: not

text: the

text: only

text: relevant

text: characteristic

text: Pumping

text: systems

text: differ

text: in

text: oil

text: contamination

text: vibration

text: preferential

text: pumping

text: of

text: certain

text: gases

text: pump

text: down

text: speeds

text: intermittent

text: duty

text: cycle

text: reliability

text: or

text: tolerance

text: to

text: high

text: leakage

text: rates

question: When multiple pumps are connected in series to produce higher vacuum it is called what?

answer: stages

text: stages

question: The choice of seals, or chamber geometry ,for example impact a pump. Together these are options are called what?

answer: vacuum technique

text: vacuum technique

question: What are two other relevant characteristics of a pumping system along with final pressure?

answer: oil contamination, vibration

text: oil contamination, vibration

question: How can chamber geometry be connected?

text: in series

question: What can oil contamination be dependent on instead of pump nature?

text: many things

question: How do leakage rates usually happen?

text: stages

question: What do certain gases usually help a pump achieve?

text: higher vacuums

question: What are two other characteristics of a seal?


text: Offensive Counterair (OCA) is defined as "offensive operations to destroy, disrupt, or neutralize enemy aircraft, missiles, launch platforms, and their supporting structures and systems both before and after launch, but as close to their source as possible" (JP 1-02). OCA is the preferred method of countering air and missile threats, since it attempts to defeat the enemy closer to its source and typically enjoys the initiative. OCA comprises attack operations, sweep, escort, and suppression/destruction of enemy air defense.

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: Offensive

text: Counterair

text: OCA

text: is

text: defined

text: as

text: offensive

text: operations

text: to

text: destroy

text: disrupt

text: or

text: neutralize

text: enemy

text: aircraft

text: missiles

text: launch

text: platforms

text: and

text: their

text: supporting

text: structures

text: and

text: systems

text: both

text: before

text: and

text: after

text: launch

text: but

text: as

text: close

text: to

text: their

text: source

text: as

text: possible

text: JP

text: OCA

text: is

text: the

text: preferred

text: method

text: of

text: countering

text: air

text: and

text: missile

text: threats

text: since

text: it

text: attempts

text: to

text: defeat

text: the

text: enemy

text: closer

text: to

text: its

text: source

text: and

text: typically

text: enjoys

text: the

text: initiative

text: OCA

text: comprises

text: attack

text: operations

text: sweep

text: escort

text: and

text: suppression

text: destruction

text: of

text: enemy

text: air

text: defense

question: What does the abbreviation OCA stand for?

answer: Offensive Counterair

text: Offensive Counterair

question: What is the function or definition of the OCA according to JP 1-02?

answer: offensive operations to destroy, disrupt, or neutralize enemy aircraft, missiles, launch platforms

text: offensive operations to destroy, disrupt, or neutralize enemy aircraft, missiles, launch platforms

question: OCA is the preferred method of defeating what kind of attacks?

answer: air and missile threats

text: air and missile threats

question: What is one of the important functions of the OCA in dealing with attacks?

answer: suppression/destruction of enemy air defense

text: suppression/destruction of enemy air defense


text: Poland has historically been staunchly pro-American, dating back to General Tadeusz Kościuszko and Casimir Pulaski's involvement in the American Revolution. This pro-American stance was reinforced following favorable American intervention in World War I (leading to the creation of an independent Poland) and the Cold War (culminating in a Polish state independent of Soviet influence). Poland contributed a large force to the "Coalition of the Willing" in Iraq. A quote referring to Poland as "the 51st state" has been attributed to James Pavitt, then Central Intelligence Agency Deputy Director for Operations, especially in connection to extraordinary rendition.

title: 51st_state

title: 51st_state

text: Poland

text: has

text: historically

text: been

text: staunchly

text: pro

text: American

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: General

text: Tadeusz

text: Kościuszko

text: and

text: Casimir

text: Pulaski

text: 's

text: involvement

text: in

text: the

text: American

text: Revolution

text: This

text: pro

text: American

text: stance

text: was

text: reinforced

text: following

text: favorable

text: American

text: intervention

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: an

text: independent

text: Poland

text: and

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: culminating

text: in

text: a

text: Polish

text: state

text: independent

text: of

text: Soviet

text: influence

text: Poland

text: contributed

text: a

text: large

text: force

text: to

text: the

text: Coalition

text: of

text: the

text: Willing

text: in

text: Iraq

text: A

text: quote

text: referring

text: to

text: Poland

text: as

text: the

text: state

text: has

text: been

text: attributed

text: to

text: James

text: Pavitt

text: then

text: Central

text: Intelligence

text: Agency

text: Deputy

text: Director

text: for

text: Operations

text: especially

text: in

text: connection

text: to

text: extraordinary

text: rendition

question: What had been Poland's stance towards the US, historically?

answer: staunchly pro-American

text: staunchly pro-American

question: What led to the creation of an independent Poland?

answer: favorable American intervention in World War I

text: favorable American intervention in World War I

question: What did Poland contribute to the "Coalition of the Willing"?

answer: a large force

text: a large force

question: What had been Soviet stance towards the US, historically?

text: staunchly pro-American

question: What led to the creation of independent Soviets?

question: What did the soviets contribute to the "Coalition of the Willing"?

text: a large force

question: To who was a quote referring to Poland as a Soviet state attributed?

text: James Pavitt

question: What culminated in a Polish state dependent on Soviet influence?

text: Cold War


text: Much of Tucson's economic development has been centered on the development of the University of Arizona, which is currently the second largest employer in the city. Davis-Monthan Air Force Base, located on the southeastern edge of the city, also provides many jobs for Tucson residents. Its presence, as well as the presence of the US Army Intelligence Center (Fort Huachuca, the largest employer in the region in nearby Sierra Vista), has led to the development of a significant number of high-tech industries, including government contractors, in the area. The city of Tucson is also a major hub for the Union Pacific Railroad's Sunset Route that links the Los Angeles ports with the South/Southeast regions of the country.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: Much

text: of

text: Tucson

text: 's

text: economic

text: development

text: has

text: been

text: centered

text: on

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Arizona

text: which

text: is

text: currently

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: employer

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: Davis

text: Monthan

text: Air

text: Force

text: Base

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: southeastern

text: edge

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: also

text: provides

text: many

text: jobs

text: for

text: Tucson

text: residents

text: Its

text: presence

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: the

text: US

text: Army

text: Intelligence

text: Center

text: Fort

text: Huachuca

text: the

text: largest

text: employer

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: in

text: nearby

text: Sierra

text: Vista

text: has

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: a

text: significant

text: number

text: of

text: high

text: tech

text: industries

text: including

text: government

text: contractors

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Tucson

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: major

text: hub

text: for

text: the

text: Union

text: Pacific

text: Railroad

text: 's

text: Sunset

text: Route

text: that

text: links

text: the

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: ports

text: with

text: the

text: South

text: Southeast

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: country

question: What is the second-largest employer in Tucson?

answer: University of Arizona

text: University of Arizona

question: Where is the US Army Intelligence Center?

answer: Sierra Vista

text: Sierra Vista

question: What railroad route passes through Tucson?

answer: Union Pacific Railroad's Sunset Route

text: Union Pacific Railroad's Sunset Route

question: Where does the Sunset Route connect to the west coast?

answer: Los Angeles ports

text: Los Angeles ports


text: Social predation offers the possibility of predators to kill creatures larger than those that members of the species could overpower singly. Lions, hyenas, wolves, dholes, African wild dogs, and piranhas can kill large herbivores that single animals of the same species usually don't dispatch. Social predation allows some animals to organize hunts of creatures that would easily escape a single predator; thus chimpanzees can prey upon colobus monkeys, and Harris's hawks can cut off all possible escapes for a doomed rabbit. Extreme specialization of roles is evident in some hunting that requires co-operation between predators of very different species: humans with the aid of falcons or dogs, or fishing with cormorants. Social predation is often very complex behavior, and not all social creatures (for example, domestic cats) perform it. Even without complex intelligence but instinct alone, some ant species can destroy much larger creatures.

title: Predation

title: Predation

text: Social

text: predation

text: offers

text: the

text: possibility

text: of

text: predators

text: to

text: kill

text: creatures

text: larger

text: than

text: those

text: that

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: species

text: could

text: overpower

text: singly

text: Lions

text: hyenas

text: wolves

text: dholes

text: African

text: wild

text: dogs

text: and

text: piranhas

text: can

text: kill

text: large

text: herbivores

text: that

text: single

text: animals

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: species

text: usually

text: do

text: n't

text: dispatch

text: Social

text: predation

text: allows

text: some

text: animals

text: to

text: organize

text: hunts

text: of

text: creatures

text: that

text: would

text: easily

text: escape

text: a

text: single

text: predator

text: thus

text: chimpanzees

text: can

text: prey

text: upon

text: colobus

text: monkeys

text: and

text: Harris

text: 's

text: hawks

text: can

text: cut

text: off

text: all

text: possible

text: escapes

text: for

text: a

text: doomed

text: rabbit

text: Extreme

text: specialization

text: of

text: roles

text: is

text: evident

text: in

text: some

text: hunting

text: that

text: requires

text: co

text: operation

text: between

text: predators

text: of

text: very

text: different

text: species

text: humans

text: with

text: the

text: aid

text: of

text: falcons

text: or

text: dogs

text: or

text: fishing

text: with

text: cormorants

text: Social

text: predation

text: is

text: often

text: very

text: complex

text: behavior

text: and

text: not

text: all

text: social

text: creatures

text: for

text: example

text: domestic

text: cats

text: perform

text: it

text: Even

text: without

text: complex

text: intelligence

text: but

text: instinct

text: alone

text: some

text: ant

text: species

text: can

text: destroy

text: much

text: larger

text: creatures

question: What hunting style allows chimpanzees to prey upon colobus monkeys?

answer: Social predation

text: Social predation

question: What is an example of co-coperation between predators of different species?

answer: humans with the aid of falcons or dogs, or fishing with cormorants

text: humans with the aid of falcons or dogs, or fishing with cormorants

question: What is a species that does not perform social predation?

answer: domestic cats)

text: domestic cats)

question: What are some species that use social predation to prey on animals much larger than themselves?

answer: Lions, hyenas, wolves, dholes, African wild dogs, and piranhas

text: Lions, hyenas, wolves, dholes, African wild dogs, and piranhas

question: What method does a rabbit use to evade a group of predators?

text: Extreme specialization

question: Who aids a rabbit to escape a predator through cooperation?

text: humans

question: What do some fish use to kill larger creatures?

text: instinct alone

question: What method allows herbivores to attack a group of predators?

text: Social predation

question: What did Harris realize that happens between humans and chimpanzees so they can work together?

text: Extreme specialization of roles


text: On August 18, 1970, the NAACP filed suit against Michigan state officials, including Governor William Milliken, charging de facto public school segregation. The NAACP argued that although schools were not legally segregated, the city of Detroit and its surrounding counties had enacted policies to maintain racial segregation in public schools. The NAACP also suggested a direct relationship between unfair housing practices and educational segregation, which followed segregated neighborhoods. The District Court held all levels of government accountable for the segregation in its ruling. The Sixth Circuit Court affirmed some of the decision, holding that it was the state's responsibility to integrate across the segregated metropolitan area. The U.S. Supreme Court took up the case February 27, 1974. The subsequent Milliken v. Bradley decision had wide national influence. In a narrow decision, the Court found that schools were a subject of local control and that suburbs could not be forced to solve problems in the city's school district.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: On

text: August

text: the

text: NAACP

text: filed

text: suit

text: against

text: Michigan

text: state

text: officials

text: including

text: Governor

text: William

text: Milliken

text: charging

text: de

text: facto

text: public

text: school

text: segregation

text: The

text: NAACP

text: argued

text: that

text: although

text: schools

text: were

text: not

text: legally

text: segregated

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Detroit

text: and

text: its

text: surrounding

text: counties

text: had

text: enacted

text: policies

text: to

text: maintain

text: racial

text: segregation

text: in

text: public

text: schools

text: The

text: NAACP

text: also

text: suggested

text: a

text: direct

text: relationship

text: between

text: unfair

text: housing

text: practices

text: and

text: educational

text: segregation

text: which

text: followed

text: segregated

text: neighborhoods

text: The

text: District

text: Court

text: held

text: all

text: levels

text: of

text: government

text: accountable

text: for

text: the

text: segregation

text: in

text: its

text: ruling

text: The

text: Sixth

text: Circuit

text: Court

text: affirmed

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: decision

text: holding

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: responsibility

text: to

text: integrate

text: across

text: the

text: segregated

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: The

text: U.S.

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: took

text: up

text: the

text: case

text: February

text: The

text: subsequent

text: Milliken

text: v.

text: Bradley

text: decision

text: had

text: wide

text: national

text: influence

text: In

text: a

text: narrow

text: decision

text: the

text: Court

text: found

text: that

text: schools

text: were

text: a

text: subject

text: of

text: local

text: control

text: and

text: that

text: suburbs

text: could

text: not

text: be

text: forced

text: to

text: solve

text: problems

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: school

text: district

question: Who was Governor of Michigan in 1970?

answer: William Milliken

text: William Milliken

question: What is the court case that ruled that schools were subject to local control?

answer: Milliken v. Bradley

text: Milliken v. Bradley

question: In which year did the Supreme Court hear Milliken v. Bradley?

answer: 1974


text: Before scrimmage, an official places the ball at the spot it was at the stop of clock, but no nearer than 24 yards from the sideline or 1 yard from the goal line. The line parallel to the goal line passing through the ball (line from sideline to sideline for the length of the ball) is referred to as the line of scrimmage. This line is similar to "no-man's land"; players must stay on their respective sides of this line until the play has begun again. For a scrimmage to be valid the team in possession of the football must have seven players, excluding the quarterback, within one yard of the line of scrimmage. The defending team must stay a yard or more back from the line of scrimmage.

title: Canadian_football

title: Canadian_football

text: Before

text: scrimmage

text: an

text: official

text: places

text: the

text: ball

text: at

text: the

text: spot

text: it

text: was

text: at

text: the

text: stop

text: of

text: clock

text: but

text: no

text: nearer

text: than

text: yards

text: from

text: the

text: sideline

text: or

text: yard

text: from

text: the

text: goal

text: line

text: The

text: line

text: parallel

text: to

text: the

text: goal

text: line

text: passing

text: through

text: the

text: ball

text: line

text: from

text: sideline

text: to

text: sideline

text: for

text: the

text: length

text: of

text: the

text: ball

text: is

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: line

text: of

text: scrimmage

text: This

text: line

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: no

text: man

text: 's

text: land

text: players

text: must

text: stay

text: on

text: their

text: respective

text: sides

text: of

text: this

text: line

text: until

text: the

text: play

text: has

text: begun

text: again

text: For

text: a

text: scrimmage

text: to

text: be

text: valid

text: the

text: team

text: in

text: possession

text: of

text: the

text: football

text: must

text: have

text: seven

text: players

text: excluding

text: the

text: quarterback

text: within

text: one

text: yard

text: of

text: the

text: line

text: of

text: scrimmage

text: The

text: defending

text: team

text: must

text: stay

text: a

text: yard

text: or

text: more

text: back

text: from

text: the

text: line

text: of

text: scrimmage

question: What minimum distance from the sideline does the official place the ball before play starts?

answer: 24 yards

text: 24 yards

question: What is the term for the line across the field where the ball is positioned before a play?

answer: line of scrimmage

text: line of scrimmage

question: How many players must the team with possession place near the line of scrimmage?

answer: seven

text: seven

question: How close to the line of scrimmage can defensive players approach before a play is run?

answer: one yard

text: one yard

question: What is the minimum distance from the defending team does the official place the ball before play?

text: 24 yards

question: How many yards must the possessing team place near the line of scrimmage?

text: seven

question: How close to the length of the ball can defensive players be before a play?

text: a yard

question: Where must an official stay until a play has begun again?

question: What makes a goal line valid?


text: Beginning in mid-2007, four major airlines, United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates, reached agreements to install iPod seat connections. The free service will allow passengers to power and charge an iPod, and view video and music libraries on individual seat-back displays. Originally KLM and Air France were reported to be part of the deal with Apple, but they later released statements explaining that they were only contemplating the possibility of incorporating such systems.

title: IPod

title: IPod

text: Beginning

text: in

text: four

text: major

text: airlines

text: United

text: Continental

text: Delta

text: and

text: Emirates

text: reached

text: agreements

text: to

text: install

text: iPod

text: seat

text: connections

text: The

text: free

text: service

text: will

text: allow

text: passengers

text: to

text: power

text: and

text: charge

text: an

text: iPod

text: and

text: view

text: video

text: and

text: music

text: libraries

text: on

text: individual

text: seat

text: back

text: displays

text: Originally

text: KLM

text: and

text: Air

text: France

text: were

text: reported

text: to

text: be

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: deal

text: with

text: Apple

text: but

text: they

text: later

text: released

text: statements

text: explaining

text: that

text: they

text: were

text: only

text: contemplating

text: the

text: possibility

text: of

text: incorporating

text: such

text: systems

question: In 2007, which airlines made deals to include iPod connections on their planes?

answer: United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates

text: United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates

question: Where can people using iPods on planes view the device's interface?

answer: individual seat-back displays

text: individual seat-back displays

question: What are two airlines that considered implementing iPod connections but did not join the 2007 agreement?

answer: KLM and Air France

text: KLM and Air France

question: Which airlines first agreed to install seat connections for iPods?

answer: United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates

text: United, Continental, Delta, and Emirates

question: In what year did airlines first start to accommodate the iPod?

answer: 2007


text: Since all contact between the wrestlers must cease if any part of the body is touching, or underneath, the ropes, many wrestlers will attempt to break submission holds by deliberately grabbing the bottom ropes. This is called a "rope break", and it is one of the most common ways to break a submission hold. Most holds leave an arm or leg free, so that the person can tap out if they want. Instead, they use these free limbs to either grab one of the ring ropes (the bottom one is the most common, as it is nearest the wrestlers, though other ropes sometimes are used for standing holds such as Chris Masters' Master Lock) or drape their foot across, or underneath one. Once this has been accomplished, and the accomplishment is witnessed by the referee, the referee will demand that the offending wrestler break the hold, and start counting to five if the wrestler does not. If the referee reaches the count of five, and the wrestler still does not break the hold, they are disqualified.

title: Professional_wrestling

title: Professional_wrestling

text: Since

text: all

text: contact

text: between

text: the

text: wrestlers

text: must

text: cease

text: if

text: any

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: body

text: is

text: touching

text: or

text: underneath

text: the

text: ropes

text: many

text: wrestlers

text: will

text: attempt

text: to

text: break

text: submission

text: holds

text: by

text: deliberately

text: grabbing

text: the

text: bottom

text: ropes

text: This

text: is

text: called

text: a

text: rope

text: break

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: ways

text: to

text: break

text: a

text: submission

text: hold

text: Most

text: holds

text: leave

text: an

text: arm

text: or

text: leg

text: free

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: person

text: can

text: tap

text: out

text: if

text: they

text: want

text: Instead

text: they

text: use

text: these

text: free

text: limbs

text: to

text: either

text: grab

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: ring

text: ropes

text: the

text: bottom

text: one

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: nearest

text: the

text: wrestlers

text: though

text: other

text: ropes

text: sometimes

text: are

text: used

text: for

text: standing

text: holds

text: such

text: as

text: Chris

text: Masters

text: Master

text: Lock

text: or

text: drape

text: their

text: foot

text: across

text: or

text: underneath

text: one

text: Once

text: this

text: has

text: been

text: accomplished

text: and

text: the

text: accomplishment

text: is

text: witnessed

text: by

text: the

text: referee

text: the

text: referee

text: will

text: demand

text: that

text: the

text: offending

text: wrestler

text: break

text: the

text: hold

text: and

text: start

text: counting

text: to

text: five

text: if

text: the

text: wrestler

text: does

text: not

text: If

text: the

text: referee

text: reaches

text: the

text: count

text: of

text: five

text: and

text: the

text: wrestler

text: still

text: does

text: not

text: break

text: the

text: hold

text: they

text: are

text: disqualified

question: Many holds will leave what body parts free?

answer: an arm or leg

text: an arm or leg

question: When must contact stop between wrestlers?

answer: if any part of the body is touching, or underneath, the ropes,

text: if any part of the body is touching, or underneath, the ropes,

question: How might a wrestler attempt to break a submission hold?

answer: by deliberately grabbing the bottom ropes

text: by deliberately grabbing the bottom ropes

question: How long does a wrestler have to get themselves free of the hold?

answer: the count of five

text: the count of five

question: What happens if the wrestler doesn't break a hold?

answer: they are disqualified

text: they are disqualified


text: The 1960 Four Power Paris Summit between President Dwight Eisenhower, Nikita Khrushchev, Harold Macmillan and Charles de Gaulle collapsed because of the incident. Eisenhower refused to accede to Khrushchev's demands that he apologize. Therefore, Khrushchev would not take part in the summit. Up until this event, Eisenhower felt he had been making progress towards better relations with the Soviet Union. Nuclear arms reduction and Berlin were to have been discussed at the summit. Eisenhower stated it had all been ruined because of that "stupid U-2 business".

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: The

text: Four

text: Power

text: Paris

text: Summit

text: between

text: President

text: Dwight

text: Eisenhower

text: Nikita

text: Khrushchev

text: Harold

text: Macmillan

text: and

text: Charles

text: de

text: Gaulle

text: collapsed

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: incident

text: Eisenhower

text: refused

text: to

text: accede

text: to

text: Khrushchev

text: 's

text: demands

text: that

text: he

text: apologize

text: Therefore

text: Khrushchev

text: would

text: not

text: take

text: part

text: in

text: the

text: summit

text: Up

text: until

text: this

text: event

text: Eisenhower

text: felt

text: he

text: had

text: been

text: making

text: progress

text: towards

text: better

text: relations

text: with

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: Nuclear

text: arms

text: reduction

text: and

text: Berlin

text: were

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: discussed

text: at

text: the

text: summit

text: Eisenhower

text: stated

text: it

text: had

text: all

text: been

text: ruined

text: because

text: of

text: that

text: stupid

text: business

question: Along with Eisenhower, Macmillan and de Gaulle, what leader attended the Four Powers Paris Summit?

answer: Nikita Khrushchev

text: Nikita Khrushchev

question: What did Khrushchev demand that Eisenhower do?

answer: apologize

text: apologize

question: Along with reducing nuclear weapons, what was to have been the topic of conversation at the Four Power Paris Summit?

answer: Berlin

text: Berlin

question: What did Eisenhower blame for ruining the summit?

answer: stupid U-2 business

text: stupid U-2 business

question: In what year was the Four Power Paris Summit intended to take place?

answer: 1960


text: Victoria's father was Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of the reigning King of the United Kingdom, George III. Until 1817, Edward's niece, Princess Charlotte of Wales, was the only legitimate grandchild of George III. Her death in 1817 precipitated a succession crisis that brought pressure on the Duke of Kent and his unmarried brothers to marry and have children. In 1818 he married Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, a widowed German princess with two children—Carl (1804–1856) and Feodora (1807–1872)—by her first marriage to the Prince of Leiningen. Her brother Leopold was Princess Charlotte's widower. The Duke and Duchess of Kent's only child, Victoria, was born at 4.15 a.m. on 24 May 1819 at Kensington Palace in London.

title: Queen_Victoria

title: Queen_Victoria

text: Victoria

text: 's

text: father

text: was

text: Prince

text: Edward

text: Duke

text: of

text: Kent

text: and

text: Strathearn

text: the

text: fourth

text: son

text: of

text: the

text: reigning

text: King

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: George

text: III

text: Until

text: Edward

text: 's

text: niece

text: Princess

text: Charlotte

text: of

text: Wales

text: was

text: the

text: only

text: legitimate

text: grandchild

text: of

text: George

text: III

text: Her

text: death

text: in

text: precipitated

text: a

text: succession

text: crisis

text: that

text: brought

text: pressure

text: on

text: the

text: Duke

text: of

text: Kent

text: and

text: his

text: unmarried

text: brothers

text: to

text: marry

text: and

text: have

text: children

text: In

text: he

text: married

text: Princess

text: Victoria

text: of

text: Saxe

text: Coburg

text: Saalfeld

text: a

text: widowed

text: German

text: princess

text: with

text: two

text: children

text: Carl

text: and

text: Feodora

text: her

text: first

text: marriage

text: to

text: the

text: Prince

text: of

text: Leiningen

text: Her

text: brother

text: Leopold

text: was

text: Princess

text: Charlotte

text: 's

text: widower

text: The

text: Duke

text: and

text: Duchess

text: of

text: Kent

text: 's

text: only

text: child

text: Victoria

text: was

text: born

text: at

text: a.m.

text: on

text: May

text: at

text: Kensington

text: Palace

text: in

text: London

question: Who was the reigning King of the United Kingdom until 1817?

answer: George III

text: George III

question: Who was the only grandchild of George iii until 1817?

answer: Princess Charlotte of Wales

text: Princess Charlotte of Wales

question: What year did Princess Charlotte of Wales die?

answer: 1817

question: Who did the Duke of kent marry in 1818?

answer: Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld

text: Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld

question: Who was Queen Victorias father?

answer: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn

text: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn

question: Who was the only legitimate grandchild of George III?

answer: Princess Charlotte of Wales

text: Princess Charlotte of Wales

question: Who did Prince Edward marry in 1818 in the hopes of producing a child?

answer: Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld

text: Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld

question: Who was Princess Victoria widowed from?

answer: Prince of Leiningen

text: Prince of Leiningen

question: What time was Queen Victoria born on May 24, 1819?

answer: 4.15 a.m

text: 4.15 a.m

question: Who was Princess Charlotte married to until her death?

answer: Leopold

text: Leopold

question: Who are Queen Victoria's mother and father?

answer: The Duke and Duchess of Kent

text: The Duke and Duchess of Kent

question: When was Queen Victoria born?

answer: 4.15 a.m. on 24 May 1819

text: 4.15 a.m. on 24 May 1819

question: What was Queen Victoria's father's official title?

answer: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of the reigning King of the United Kingdom, George III

text: Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of the reigning King of the United Kingdom, George III

question: What was Queen Victoria's mother's official title?

answer: Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld

text: Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld

question: Who were Princess Victoria's children from her previous marriage?

answer: Carl (1804–1856) and Feodora (1807–1872)

text: Carl (1804–1856) and Feodora (1807–1872)

question: Who wasn't Queen Victorias father?

question: Who was the reigning King of the United Kingdom until 1871?

text: George III

question: Who was the only grandchild of George iii until 1871?

text: Princess Charlotte of Wales

question: What year did Princess Charlotte of Wales get sick?

question: Who did the Duke of kent marry in 1881?