text: After fourteen consecutive years of economic growth, Greece went into recession in 2008. By the end of 2009, the Greek economy faced the highest budget deficit and government debt-to-GDP ratios in the EU. After several upward revisions, the 2009 budget deficit is now estimated at 15.7% of GDP. This, combined with rapidly rising debt levels (127.9% of GDP in 2009) led to a precipitous increase in borrowing costs, effectively shutting Greece out of the global financial markets and resulting in a severe economic crisis.

title: Economy_of_Greece

title: Economy_of_Greece

text: After

text: fourteen

text: consecutive

text: years

text: of

text: economic

text: growth

text: Greece

text: went

text: into

text: recession

text: in

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: economy

text: faced

text: the

text: highest

text: budget

text: deficit

text: and

text: government

text: debt

text: to

text: GDP

text: ratios

text: in

text: the

text: EU

text: After

text: several

text: upward

text: revisions

text: the

text: budget

text: deficit

text: is

text: now

text: estimated

text: at

text: of

text: GDP

text: This

text: combined

text: with

text: rapidly

text: rising

text: debt

text: levels

text: of

text: GDP

text: in

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: precipitous

text: increase

text: in

text: borrowing

text: costs

text: effectively

text: shutting

text: Greece

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: financial

text: markets

text: and

text: resulting

text: in

text: a

text: severe

text: economic

text: crisis

question: How many years of consecutive growth had Greece had?

answer: fourteen

text: fourteen

question: When did Greece go into recession?

answer: in 2008

text: in 2008

question: What did the Greek economy have the highest of at the end of 2009?

answer: budget deficit

text: budget deficit

question: What percentage of GDP was the budget deficit of Greece in 2009?

answer: 15.7%

question: What type of crisis resulted from the budget deficit and rising debt levels of Greece?

answer: severe economic

text: severe economic

question: How many years of consecutive growth has Greece lost?

text: fourteen

question: When did Greece reverse their recession?

question: What did the Greek economy have the lowest of at the end of 2009?

text: budget deficit

question: What percentage of GDP was the budget surplus of Greece in 2009?

question: What type of crisis was averted from the budget surplus and lowering debt levels of Greece?

text: severe economic


text: The University of Plymouth enrolls 25,895 total students as of 2014/15 (22nd largest in the UK out of 165). It also employs 3,000 staff with an annual income of around £160 million. It was founded in 1992 from Polytechnic South West (formerly Plymouth Polytechnic) following the Further and Higher Education Act 1992. It has courses in maritime business, marine engineering, marine biology and Earth, ocean and environmental sciences, surf science, shipping and logistics. The university formed a joint venture with the fellow Devonian University of Exeter in 2000, establishing the Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry. The college is ranked 8th out of 30 universities in the UK in 2011 for medicine. Its dental school was established in 2006, which also provides free dental care in an attempt to improve access to dental care in the South West.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Plymouth

text: enrolls

text: total

text: students

text: as

text: of

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: out

text: of

text: It

text: also

text: employs

text: staff

text: with

text: an

text: annual

text: income

text: of

text: around

text: million

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: from

text: Polytechnic

text: South

text: West

text: formerly

text: Plymouth

text: Polytechnic

text: following

text: the

text: Further

text: and

text: Higher

text: Education

text: Act

text: It

text: has

text: courses

text: in

text: maritime

text: business

text: marine

text: engineering

text: marine

text: biology

text: and

text: Earth

text: ocean

text: and

text: environmental

text: sciences

text: surf

text: science

text: shipping

text: and

text: logistics

text: The

text: university

text: formed

text: a

text: joint

text: venture

text: with

text: the

text: fellow

text: Devonian

text: University

text: of

text: Exeter

text: in

text: establishing

text: the

text: Peninsula

text: College

text: of

text: Medicine

text: and

text: Dentistry

text: The

text: college

text: is

text: ranked

text: out

text: of

text: universities

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: in

text: for

text: medicine

text: Its

text: dental

text: school

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: which

text: also

text: provides

text: free

text: dental

text: care

text: in

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: improve

text: access

text: to

text: dental

text: care

text: in

text: the

text: South

text: West

question: How many students are studying at the University of Plymouth?

answer: 25,895

question: Where does the University of Plymouth rank among British institutions of higher education in terms of number of enrolled students?

answer: 22nd

question: How many staff members work for the University of Plymouth?

answer: 3,000

question: About how much are the staff of the University of Plymouth paid yearly in total?

answer: £160 million

text: £160 million

question: In what year was the University of Plymouth established?

answer: 1992


text: According to Tony Sclafani from MSNBC, "It's worth noting that before Madonna, most music mega-stars were guy rockers; after her, almost all would be female singers ... When The Beatles hit America, they changed the paradigm of performer from solo act to band. Madonna changed it back—with an emphasis on the female." Howard Kramer, curatorial director of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum, asserted that "Madonna and the career she carved out for herself made possible virtually every other female pop singer to follow ... She certainly raised the standards of all of them ... She redefined what the parameters were for female performers." According to Fouz-Hernández, subsequent female singers such as Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, Kylie Minogue, the Spice Girls, Destiny's Child, Jennifer Lopez, and Pink were like her "daughters in the very direct sense that they grew up listening to and admiring Madonna, and decided they wanted to be like her." Time magazine included her in the list of the "25 Most Powerful Women of the Past Century", where she became one of only two singers to be included, alongside Aretha Franklin. She also topped VH1's lists of "100 Greatest Women in Music" and "50 Greatest Women of the Video Era".

title: Madonna_(entertainer)

title: Madonna_(entertainer

text: According

text: to

text: Tony

text: Sclafani

text: from

text: MSNBC

text: It

text: 's

text: worth

text: noting

text: that

text: before

text: Madonna

text: most

text: music

text: mega

text: stars

text: were

text: guy

text: rockers

text: after

text: her

text: almost

text: all

text: would

text: be

text: female

text: singers

text: When

text: The

text: Beatles

text: hit

text: America

text: they

text: changed

text: the

text: paradigm

text: of

text: performer

text: from

text: solo

text: act

text: to

text: band

text: Madonna

text: changed

text: it

text: back

text: with

text: an

text: emphasis

text: on

text: the

text: female

text: Howard

text: Kramer

text: curatorial

text: director

text: of

text: the

text: Rock

text: and

text: Roll

text: Hall

text: of

text: Fame

text: and

text: Museum

text: asserted

text: that

text: Madonna

text: and

text: the

text: career

text: she

text: carved

text: out

text: for

text: herself

text: made

text: possible

text: virtually

text: every

text: other

text: female

text: pop

text: singer

text: to

text: follow

text: She

text: certainly

text: raised

text: the

text: standards

text: of

text: all

text: of

text: them

text: She

text: redefined

text: what

text: the

text: parameters

text: were

text: for

text: female

text: performers

text: According

text: to

text: Fouz

text: Hernández

text: subsequent

text: female

text: singers

text: such

text: as

text: Britney

text: Spears

text: Christina

text: Aguilera

text: Kylie

text: Minogue

text: the

text: Spice

text: Girls

text: Destiny

text: 's

text: Child

text: Jennifer

text: Lopez

text: and

text: Pink

text: were

text: like

text: her

text: daughters

text: in

text: the

text: very

text: direct

text: sense

text: that

text: they

text: grew

text: up

text: listening

text: to

text: and

text: admiring

text: Madonna

text: and

text: decided

text: they

text: wanted

text: to

text: be

text: like

text: her

text: Time

text: magazine

text: included

text: her

text: in

text: the

text: list

text: of

text: the

text: Most

text: Powerful

text: Women

text: of

text: the

text: Past

text: Century

text: where

text: she

text: became

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: two

text: singers

text: to

text: be

text: included

text: alongside

text: Aretha

text: Franklin

text: She

text: also

text: topped

text: 's

text: lists

text: of

text: Greatest

text: Women

text: in

text: Music

text: and

text: Greatest

text: Women

text: of

text: the

text: Video

text: Era

question: Who changed the dynamics of the singers back to mostly female?

answer: Madonna

text: Madonna

question: Who is the director of the curator of Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum?

answer: Howard Kramer

text: Howard Kramer

question: A lot of modern pop artist grew up listening to whom?

answer: Madonna,

text: Madonna,

question: Who included Madonna as the most powerful woman of the century?

answer: Time magazine

text: Time magazine

question: Who is the other woman who earned the title?

answer: Aretha Franklin

text: Aretha Franklin


text: The transition from the mandolino to the mandolin began around 1744 with the designing of the metal-string mandolin by the Vinaccia family, 3 brass strings and one of gut, using friction tuning pegs on a fingerboard that sat "flush" with the sound table. The mandolin grew in popularity over the next 60 years, in the streets where it was used by young men courting and by street musicians, and in the concert hall. After the Napoleonic Wars of 1815, however, its popularity began to fall. The 19th century produced some prominent players, including Bartolomeo Bortolazzi of Venice and Pietro Vimercati. However, professional virtuosity was in decline, and the mandolin music changed as the mandolin became a folk instrument; "the large repertoire of notated instrumental music for the mandolino and the mandoline was completely forgotten". The export market for mandolins from Italy dried up around 1815, and when Carmine de Laurentiis wrote a mandolin method in 1874, the Music World magazine wrote that the mandolin was "out of date." Salvador Léonardi mentioned this decline in his 1921 book, Méthode pour Banjoline ou Mandoline-Banjo, saying that the mandolin had been declining in popularity from previous times.

title: Mandolin

title: Mandolin

text: The

text: transition

text: from

text: the

text: mandolino

text: to

text: the

text: mandolin

text: began

text: around

text: with

text: the

text: designing

text: of

text: the

text: metal

text: string

text: mandolin

text: by

text: the

text: Vinaccia

text: family

text: brass

text: strings

text: and

text: one

text: of

text: gut

text: using

text: friction

text: tuning

text: pegs

text: on

text: a

text: fingerboard

text: that

text: sat

text: flush

text: with

text: the

text: sound

text: table

text: The

text: mandolin

text: grew

text: in

text: popularity

text: over

text: the

text: next

text: years

text: in

text: the

text: streets

text: where

text: it

text: was

text: used

text: by

text: young

text: men

text: courting

text: and

text: by

text: street

text: musicians

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: concert

text: hall

text: After

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

text: of

text: however

text: its

text: popularity

text: began

text: to

text: fall

text: The

text: century

text: produced

text: some

text: prominent

text: players

text: including

text: Bartolomeo

text: Bortolazzi

text: of

text: Venice

text: and

text: Pietro

text: Vimercati

text: However

text: professional

text: virtuosity

text: was

text: in

text: decline

text: and

text: the

text: mandolin

text: music

text: changed

text: as

text: the

text: mandolin

text: became

text: a

text: folk

text: instrument

text: the

text: large

text: repertoire

text: of

text: notated

text: instrumental

text: music

text: for

text: the

text: mandolino

text: and

text: the

text: mandoline

text: was

text: completely

text: forgotten

text: The

text: export

text: market

text: for

text: mandolins

text: from

text: Italy

text: dried

text: up

text: around

text: and

text: when

text: Carmine

text: de

text: Laurentiis

text: wrote

text: a

text: mandolin

text: method

text: in

text: the

text: Music

text: World

text: magazine

text: wrote

text: that

text: the

text: mandolin

text: was

text: out

text: of

text: date

text: Salvador

text: Léonardi

text: mentioned

text: this

text: decline

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: Méthode

text: pour

text: Banjoline

text: ou

text: Mandoline

text: Banjo

text: saying

text: that

text: the

text: mandolin

text: had

text: been

text: declining

text: in

text: popularity

text: from

text: previous

text: times

question: What year was the beginning of the transition from mandolino to mandolin?

answer: 1744

question: Where did the mandolin grow in popularity?

answer: in the streets where it was used by young men courting and by street musicians, and in the concert hall

text: in the streets where it was used by young men courting and by street musicians, and in the concert hall

question: When did the mandolin's popularity begin to fall?

answer: After the Napoleonic Wars of 1815, however, its popularity began to fall

text: After the Napoleonic Wars of 1815, however, its popularity began to fall

question: Who were two of the promiment players in the 19th century?

answer: Bartolomeo Bortolazzi of Venice and Pietro Vimercati

text: Bartolomeo Bortolazzi of Venice and Pietro Vimercati

question: What year did the export market for manodlins from Italy dry up?

answer: 1815

question: What began around 1474?

question: What wars took place in 1851?

text: Napoleonic Wars

question: What dried up in Italy around 1851?

text: The export market for mandolins

question: What did Laurentiis de Carmine write?

text: a mandolin method

question: What did Leonardi Salvador write?

question: What year was the end of the transition from mandolino to mandolin?

question: Where did the mandolin shrink in popularity?

question: When did the mandolin's popularity begin to rise?

text: After the Napoleonic Wars of 1815

question: Who were two of the prominent players in the 15th century?

question: What year did the export market for mandolins from France dry up?


text: During the First World War, to avoid ground fights between brothers, many Alsatians served as sailors in the Kaiserliche Marine and took part in the Naval mutinies that led to the abdication of the Kaiser in November 1918, which left Alsace-Lorraine without a nominal head of state. The sailors returned home and tried to found a republic. While Jacques Peirotes, at this time deputy at the Landrat Elsass-Lothringen and just elected mayor of Strasbourg, proclaimed the forfeiture of the German Empire and the advent of the French Republic, a self-proclaimed government of Alsace-Lorraine declared independence as the "Republic of Alsace-Lorraine". French troops entered Alsace less than two weeks later to quash the worker strikes and remove the newly established Soviets and revolutionaries from power. At the arrival of the French soldiers, many Alsatians and local Prussian/German administrators and bureaucrats cheered the re-establishment of order (which can be seen and is described in detail in the reference video below). Although U.S. President Woodrow Wilson had insisted that the région was self-ruling by legal status, as its constitution had stated it was bound to the sole authority of the Kaiser and not to the German state, France tolerated no plebiscite, as granted by the League of Nations to some eastern German territories at this time, because Alsatians were considered by the French public as fellow Frenchmen liberated from German rule. Germany ceded the region to France under the Treaty of Versailles.

title: Alsace

title: Alsace

text: During

text: the

text: First

text: World

text: War

text: to

text: avoid

text: ground

text: fights

text: between

text: brothers

text: many

text: Alsatians

text: served

text: as

text: sailors

text: in

text: the

text: Kaiserliche

text: Marine

text: and

text: took

text: part

text: in

text: the

text: Naval

text: mutinies

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: abdication

text: of

text: the

text: Kaiser

text: in

text: November

text: which

text: left

text: Alsace

text: Lorraine

text: without

text: a

text: nominal

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: The

text: sailors

text: returned

text: home

text: and

text: tried

text: to

text: found

text: a

text: republic

text: While

text: Jacques

text: Peirotes

text: at

text: this

text: time

text: deputy

text: at

text: the

text: Landrat

text: Elsass

text: Lothringen

text: and

text: just

text: elected

text: mayor

text: of

text: Strasbourg

text: proclaimed

text: the

text: forfeiture

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: Empire

text: and

text: the

text: advent

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: Republic

text: a

text: self

text: proclaimed

text: government

text: of

text: Alsace

text: Lorraine

text: declared

text: independence

text: as

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Alsace

text: Lorraine

text: French

text: troops

text: entered

text: Alsace

text: less

text: than

text: two

text: weeks

text: later

text: to

text: quash

text: the

text: worker

text: strikes

text: and

text: remove

text: the

text: newly

text: established

text: Soviets

text: and

text: revolutionaries

text: from

text: power

text: At

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: soldiers

text: many

text: Alsatians

text: and

text: local

text: Prussian

text: German

text: administrators

text: and

text: bureaucrats

text: cheered

text: the

text: re

text: establishment

text: of

text: order

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: seen

text: and

text: is

text: described

text: in

text: detail

text: in

text: the

text: reference

text: video

text: below

text: Although

text: U.S.

text: President

text: Woodrow

text: Wilson

text: had

text: insisted

text: that

text: the

text: région

text: was

text: self

text: ruling

text: by

text: legal

text: status

text: as

text: its

text: constitution

text: had

text: stated

text: it

text: was

text: bound

text: to

text: the

text: sole

text: authority

text: of

text: the

text: Kaiser

text: and

text: not

text: to

text: the

text: German

text: state

text: France

text: tolerated

text: no

text: plebiscite

text: as

text: granted

text: by

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: Nations

text: to

text: some

text: eastern

text: German

text: territories

text: at

text: this

text: time

text: because

text: Alsatians

text: were

text: considered

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: public

text: as

text: fellow

text: Frenchmen

text: liberated

text: from

text: German

text: rule

text: Germany

text: ceded

text: the

text: region

text: to

text: France

text: under

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Versailles

question: What did Aslations do to avoid conflict amongst themselves during the first World War?

answer: served as sailors

text: served as sailors

question: Who was the mayor that proclaimed independence from the German Empire for  Alsace-Lorraine?

answer: Jacques Peirotes

text: Jacques Peirotes

question: Who entered Alsace just two weeks after they declared independence?

answer: French

text: French

question: What was the name of the treaty that allowed Germany to ceded the land to France?

answer: Treaty of Versailles

text: Treaty of Versailles

question: During what war were Alsatians primarily ground units?

text: the First World War

question: What was the name of the Kaiser in 1918?

text: Jacques Peirotes

question: How long did it take the US to enter Alsace?

text: less than two weeks

question: Who was in charge of the League of Nations?

text: Woodrow Wilson

question: What treaty gave Alsace to Germany?

text: Treaty of Versailles


text: It is in this time that the notation of music on a staff and other elements of musical notation began to take shape. This invention made possible the separation of the composition of a piece of music from its transmission; without written music, transmission was oral, and subject to change every time it was transmitted. With a musical score, a work of music could be performed without the composer's presence. The invention of the movable-type printing press in the 15th century had far-reaching consequences on the preservation and transmission of music.

title: Classical_music

title: Classical_music

text: It

text: is

text: in

text: this

text: time

text: that

text: the

text: notation

text: of

text: music

text: on

text: a

text: staff

text: and

text: other

text: elements

text: of

text: musical

text: notation

text: began

text: to

text: take

text: shape

text: This

text: invention

text: made

text: possible

text: the

text: separation

text: of

text: the

text: composition

text: of

text: a

text: piece

text: of

text: music

text: from

text: its

text: transmission

text: without

text: written

text: music

text: transmission

text: was

text: oral

text: and

text: subject

text: to

text: change

text: every

text: time

text: it

text: was

text: transmitted

text: With

text: a

text: musical

text: score

text: a

text: work

text: of

text: music

text: could

text: be

text: performed

text: without

text: the

text: composer

text: 's

text: presence

text: The

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: movable

text: type

text: printing

text: press

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: had

text: far

text: reaching

text: consequences

text: on

text: the

text: preservation

text: and

text: transmission

text: of

text: music

question: The notation of music on a what began to take shape at this time?

answer: staff

text: staff

question: How was music transmitted before the invention of musical notation?

answer: oral

text: oral

question: What was oral music subject to every time is was transmitted?

answer: change

text: change

question: What can a musical scored be performed without?

answer: the composer's presence

text: the composer's presence

question: When was the movable-type printing press invented?

answer: the 15th century

text: the 15th century


text: Society throughout Europe was disturbed by the dislocations caused by the Black Death. Lands that had been marginally productive were abandoned, as the survivors were able to acquire more fertile areas. Although serfdom declined in Western Europe it became more common in Eastern Europe, as landlords imposed it on those of their tenants who had previously been free. Most peasants in Western Europe managed to change the work they had previously owed to their landlords into cash rents. The percentage of serfs amongst the peasantry declined from a high of 90 to closer to 50 per cent by the end of the period. Landlords also became more conscious of common interests with other landholders, and they joined together to extort privileges from their governments. Partly at the urging of landlords, governments attempted to legislate a return to the economic conditions that existed before the Black Death. Non-clergy became increasingly literate, and urban populations began to imitate the nobility's interest in chivalry.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: Society

text: throughout

text: Europe

text: was

text: disturbed

text: by

text: the

text: dislocations

text: caused

text: by

text: the

text: Black

text: Death

text: Lands

text: that

text: had

text: been

text: marginally

text: productive

text: were

text: abandoned

text: as

text: the

text: survivors

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: acquire

text: more

text: fertile

text: areas

text: Although

text: serfdom

text: declined

text: in

text: Western

text: Europe

text: it

text: became

text: more

text: common

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: as

text: landlords

text: imposed

text: it

text: on

text: those

text: of

text: their

text: tenants

text: who

text: had

text: previously

text: been

text: free

text: Most

text: peasants

text: in

text: Western

text: Europe

text: managed

text: to

text: change

text: the

text: work

text: they

text: had

text: previously

text: owed

text: to

text: their

text: landlords

text: into

text: cash

text: rents

text: The

text: percentage

text: of

text: serfs

text: amongst

text: the

text: peasantry

text: declined

text: from

text: a

text: high

text: of

text: to

text: closer

text: to

text: per

text: cent

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: Landlords

text: also

text: became

text: more

text: conscious

text: of

text: common

text: interests

text: with

text: other

text: landholders

text: and

text: they

text: joined

text: together

text: to

text: extort

text: privileges

text: from

text: their

text: governments

text: Partly

text: at

text: the

text: urging

text: of

text: landlords

text: governments

text: attempted

text: to

text: legislate

text: a

text: return

text: to

text: the

text: economic

text: conditions

text: that

text: existed

text: before

text: the

text: Black

text: Death

text: Non

text: clergy

text: became

text: increasingly

text: literate

text: and

text: urban

text: populations

text: began

text: to

text: imitate

text: the

text: nobility

text: 's

text: interest

text: in

text: chivalry

question: By the end of this period, about what percentage of Western Europeans were serfs?

answer: 50

question: At serfdom's greatest extent, what percentage of Western Europeans were serfs?

answer: 90

question: In what part of Europe did serfdom increase in this period?

answer: Eastern

text: Eastern

question: Instead of work, how did most Western European peasants pay their landlords in this period?

answer: cash rents

text: cash rents

question: What noble interest did city-dwellers start to mimic in this period?

answer: chivalry

text: chivalry


text: In partnership with Gardiner Greene Hubbard, Bell helped establish the publication Science during the early 1880s. In 1898, Bell was elected as the second president of the National Geographic Society, serving until 1903, and was primarily responsible for the extensive use of illustrations, including photography, in the magazine. he also became a Regent of the Smithsonian Institution (1898–1922). The French government conferred on him the decoration of the Légion d'honneur (Legion of Honor); the Royal Society of Arts in London awarded him the Albert Medal in 1902; the University of Würzburg, Bavaria, granted him a PhD, and he was awarded the Franklin Institute's Elliott Cresson Medal in 1912. He was one of the founders of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers in 1884, and served as its president from 1891–92. Bell was later awarded the AIEE's Edison Medal in 1914 "For meritorious achievement in the invention of the telephone".

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: In

text: partnership

text: with

text: Gardiner

text: Greene

text: Hubbard

text: Bell

text: helped

text: establish

text: the

text: publication

text: Science

text: during

text: the

text: early

text: In

text: Bell

text: was

text: elected

text: as

text: the

text: second

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Geographic

text: Society

text: serving

text: until

text: and

text: was

text: primarily

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: extensive

text: use

text: of

text: illustrations

text: including

text: photography

text: in

text: the

text: magazine

text: he

text: also

text: became

text: a

text: Regent

text: of

text: the

text: Smithsonian

text: Institution

text: The

text: French

text: government

text: conferred

text: on

text: him

text: the

text: decoration

text: of

text: the

text: Légion

text: d'honneur

text: Legion

text: of

text: Honor

text: the

text: Royal

text: Society

text: of

text: Arts

text: in

text: London

text: awarded

text: him

text: the

text: Albert

text: Medal

text: in

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Würzburg

text: Bavaria

text: granted

text: him

text: a

text: PhD

text: and

text: he

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: Franklin

text: Institute

text: 's

text: Elliott

text: Cresson

text: Medal

text: in

text: He

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: founders

text: of

text: the

text: American

text: Institute

text: of

text: Electrical

text: Engineers

text: in

text: and

text: served

text: as

text: its

text: president

text: from

text: Bell

text: was

text: later

text: awarded

text: the

text: AIEE

text: 's

text: Edison

text: Medal

text: in

text: For

text: meritorious

text: achievement

text: in

text: the

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: telephone

question: What magazine did Bell found alongside Hubbard?

answer: Science

text: Science

question: When did Bell cease to be President of the National Geographic Society?

answer: 1903

question: What enduring feature of National Geographic did Bell help implement?

answer: illustrations

text: illustrations

question: What award did Bell win in 1902?

answer: Albert Medal

text: Albert Medal


text: The context-sensitive button mechanic allows one button to serve a variety of functions, such as talking, opening doors, and pushing, pulling, and throwing objects.[e] The on-screen display shows what action, if any, the button will trigger, determined by the situation. For example, if Link is holding a rock, the context-sensitive button will cause Link to throw the rock if he is moving or targeting an object or enemy, or place the rock on the ground if he is standing still.[f]

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

text: The

text: context

text: sensitive

text: button

text: mechanic

text: allows

text: one

text: button

text: to

text: serve

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: functions

text: such

text: as

text: talking

text: opening

text: doors

text: and

text: pushing

text: pulling

text: and

text: throwing

text: objects.[e

text: The

text: on

text: screen

text: display

text: shows

text: what

text: action

text: if

text: any

text: the

text: button

text: will

text: trigger

text: determined

text: by

text: the

text: situation

text: For

text: example

text: if

text: Link

text: is

text: holding

text: a

text: rock

text: the

text: context

text: sensitive

text: button

text: will

text: cause

text: Link

text: to

text: throw

text: the

text: rock

text: if

text: he

text: is

text: moving

text: or

text: targeting

text: an

text: object

text: or

text: enemy

text: or

text: place

text: the

text: rock

text: on

text: the

text: ground

text: if

text: he

text: is

text: standing

text: still.[f

question: Many different types of interaction can be controlled by how many buttons?

answer: one

text: one

question: Where can players see what action will be performed in different scenarios?

answer: on-screen display

text: on-screen display

question: If Link is not moving, where will he put the projectile he's carrying?

answer: on the ground

text: on the ground

question: What mechanic allows one button to serve many functions?

answer: context-sensitive button mechanic

text: context-sensitive button mechanic

question: What shows what action the button will trigger?

answer: on-screen display

text: on-screen display

question: Many different types of interaction can be controlled by how many rocks?

text: one

question: Where can players see what action will be performed in different rocks?

text: on-screen display

question: If Link is not moving, where will he put the enemy he's carrying?

text: on the ground

question: What mechanic allows two buttons to serve many functions?

text: context-sensitive button mechanic

question: What shows what action the rock will trigger?

text: on-screen display


text: By about 1910,[note 1] bound collections of empty sleeves with a paperboard or leather cover, similar to a photograph album, were sold as record albums that customers could use to store their records (the term "record album" was printed on some covers). These albums came in both 10-inch and 12-inch sizes. The covers of these bound books were wider and taller than the records inside, allowing the record album to be placed on a shelf upright, like a book, suspending the fragile records above the shelf and protecting them.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: By

text: about

text: bound

text: collections

text: of

text: empty

text: sleeves

text: with

text: a

text: paperboard

text: or

text: leather

text: cover

text: similar

text: to

text: a

text: photograph

text: album

text: were

text: sold

text: as

text: record

text: albums

text: that

text: customers

text: could

text: use

text: to

text: store

text: their

text: records

text: the

text: term

text: record

text: album

text: was

text: printed

text: on

text: some

text: covers

text: These

text: albums

text: came

text: in

text: both

text: and

text: sizes

text: The

text: covers

text: of

text: these

text: bound

text: books

text: were

text: wider

text: and

text: taller

text: than

text: the

text: records

text: inside

text: allowing

text: the

text: record

text: album

text: to

text: be

text: placed

text: on

text: a

text: shelf

text: upright

text: like

text: a

text: book

text: suspending

text: the

text: fragile

text: records

text: above

text: the

text: shelf

text: and

text: protecting

text: them

question: When could record album covers first be found?

answer: 1910

question: What were early record album covers made of?

answer: empty sleeves with a paperboard or leather cover

text: empty sleeves with a paperboard or leather cover

question: What sizes were record album covers available in?

answer: 10-inch and 12-inch sizes

text: 10-inch and 12-inch sizes

question: How were record album covers intended to be stored?

answer: upright

text: upright

question: What was the purpose of record album covers?

answer: protecting them

text: protecting them


text: The Directorate of Analysis produces all-source intelligence investigation on key foreign and intercontinental issues relating to powerful and sometimes anti-government sensitive topics. It has four regional analytic groups, six groups for transnational issues, and three focus on policy, collection, and staff support. There is an office dedicated to Iraq, and regional analytical Offices covering the Near Eastern and South Asian Analysis, the Office of Russian and European Analysis, and the Office of Asian Pacific, Asian Pacific, Latin American, and African Analysis and African Analysis.

title: Central_Intelligence_Agency

title: Central_Intelligence_Agency

text: The

text: Directorate

text: of

text: Analysis

text: produces

text: all

text: source

text: intelligence

text: investigation

text: on

text: key

text: foreign

text: and

text: intercontinental

text: issues

text: relating

text: to

text: powerful

text: and

text: sometimes

text: anti

text: government

text: sensitive

text: topics

text: It

text: has

text: four

text: regional

text: analytic

text: groups

text: six

text: groups

text: for

text: transnational

text: issues

text: and

text: three

text: focus

text: on

text: policy

text: collection

text: and

text: staff

text: support

text: There

text: is

text: an

text: office

text: dedicated

text: to

text: Iraq

text: and

text: regional

text: analytical

text: Offices

text: covering

text: the

text: Near

text: Eastern

text: and

text: South

text: Asian

text: Analysis

text: the

text: Office

text: of

text: Russian

text: and

text: European

text: Analysis

text: and

text: the

text: Office

text: of

text: Asian

text: Pacific

text: Asian

text: Pacific

text: Latin

text: American

text: and

text: African

text: Analysis

text: and

text: African

text: Analysis

question: Who produces all source intelligence investigations?

answer: The Directorate of Analysis

text: The Directorate of Analysis

question: How many regional analytic groups does the Directorate of Analysis have?

answer: four

text: four

question: How many groups does the Directorate of Analysis have for transnational issues?

answer: six

text: six

question: The Directorate of Analysis has an office dedicated to what country?

answer: Iraq

text: Iraq

question: How many groups of the Directorate of Analysis focus on policy, collection and staff support?

answer: three

text: three


text: Analog tape recorders with bandwidth capable of recording analog HD signals, such as W-VHS recorders, are no longer produced for the consumer market and are both expensive and scarce in the secondary market.

title: High-definition_television

title: High

title: definition_television

text: Analog

text: tape

text: recorders

text: with

text: bandwidth

text: capable

text: of

text: recording

text: analog

text: HD

text: signals

text: such

text: as

text: W

text: VHS

text: recorders

text: are

text: no

text: longer

text: produced

text: for

text: the

text: consumer

text: market

text: and

text: are

text: both

text: expensive

text: and

text: scarce

text: in

text: the

text: secondary

text: market

question: W-VHS recorders are capable of recording what kinds of signals?

answer: analog HD

text: analog HD

question: What kind of recorder is no longer produced for the consumer market?

answer: Analog tape

text: Analog tape

question: In the secondary market, analog tape recorders are considered what?

answer: expensive and scarce

text: expensive and scarce

question: W-VHS recorders aren't capable of recording what kinds of signals?

text: analog HD

question: What kind of recorder is still produced for the consumer market?

text: Analog tape

question: In the secondary market, analog tape recorders arent considered what?

text: expensive and scarce


text: During the Napoleonic Occupation of Spain, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, a Catholic priest of progressive ideas, declared Mexican independence in the small town of Dolores, Guanajuato on September 16, 1810 with a proclamation known as the "Grito de Dolores". Hidalgo built a large support among intellectuals, liberal priests and many poor people. Hidalgo fought to protect the rights of the poor and indigenous population. He started on a march to the capital, Mexico City, but retreated back north when faced with the elite of the royal forces at the outskirts of the capital. He established a liberal government from Guadalajara, Jalisco but was soon forced to flee north by the royal forces that recaptured the city. Hidalgo attempted to reach the United States and gain American support for Mexican independence. HIdalgo reached Saltillo, Coahuila where he publicly resigned his military post and rejected a pardon offered by Viceroy Francisco Venegas in return for Hidalgo's surrender. A short time later, he and his supporters were captured by royalist Ignacio Elizondo at the Wells of Baján (Norias de Baján) on March 21, 1811 and taken to the city of Chihuahua. Hidalgo forced the Bishop of Valladolid, Manuel Abad y Queipo, to rescind the excommunication order he had circulated against him on September 24, 1810. Later, the Inquisition issued an excommunication edict on October 13, 1810 condemning Miguel Hidalgo as a seditionary, apostate, and heretic.

title: Chihuahua_(state)

title: Chihuahua_(state

text: During

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: Occupation

text: of

text: Spain

text: Miguel

text: Hidalgo

text: y

text: Costilla

text: a

text: Catholic

text: priest

text: of

text: progressive

text: ideas

text: declared

text: Mexican

text: independence

text: in

text: the

text: small

text: town

text: of

text: Dolores

text: Guanajuato

text: on

text: September

text: with

text: a

text: proclamation

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Grito

text: de

text: Dolores

text: Hidalgo

text: built

text: a

text: large

text: support

text: among

text: intellectuals

text: liberal

text: priests

text: and

text: many

text: poor

text: people

text: Hidalgo

text: fought

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: rights

text: of

text: the

text: poor

text: and

text: indigenous

text: population

text: He

text: started

text: on

text: a

text: march

text: to

text: the

text: capital

text: Mexico

text: City

text: but

text: retreated

text: back

text: north

text: when

text: faced

text: with

text: the

text: elite

text: of

text: the

text: royal

text: forces

text: at

text: the

text: outskirts

text: of

text: the

text: capital

text: He

text: established

text: a

text: liberal

text: government

text: from

text: Guadalajara

text: Jalisco

text: but

text: was

text: soon

text: forced

text: to

text: flee

text: north

text: by

text: the

text: royal

text: forces

text: that

text: recaptured

text: the

text: city

text: Hidalgo

text: attempted

text: to

text: reach

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: gain

text: American

text: support

text: for

text: Mexican

text: independence

text: HIdalgo

text: reached

text: Saltillo

text: Coahuila

text: where

text: he

text: publicly

text: resigned

text: his

text: military

text: post

text: and

text: rejected

text: a

text: pardon

text: offered

text: by

text: Viceroy

text: Francisco

text: Venegas

text: in

text: return

text: for

text: Hidalgo

text: 's

text: surrender

text: A

text: short

text: time

text: later

text: he

text: and

text: his

text: supporters

text: were

text: captured

text: by

text: royalist

text: Ignacio

text: Elizondo

text: at

text: the

text: Wells

text: of

text: Baján

text: Norias

text: de

text: Baján

text: on

text: March

text: and

text: taken

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Chihuahua

text: Hidalgo

text: forced

text: the

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Valladolid

text: Manuel

text: Abad

text: y

text: Queipo

text: to

text: rescind

text: the

text: excommunication

text: order

text: he

text: had

text: circulated

text: against

text: him

text: on

text: September

text: Later

text: the

text: Inquisition

text: issued

text: an

text: excommunication

text: edict

text: on

text: October

text: condemning

text: Miguel

text: Hidalgo

text: as

text: a

text: seditionary

text: apostate

text: and

text: heretic

question: What was the name of the town in which Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla declared independence?

answer: Dolores

text: Dolores

question: What was the name of the Proclamation?

answer: Grito de Dolores

text: Grito de Dolores

question: What was Hidalgo's occupation?

answer: priest

text: priest

question: What was the name of the royalist who captured Hidalgo?

answer: Ignacio Elizondo

text: Ignacio Elizondo

question: Which country had Hidalgo attempted to reach to gain support?

answer: United States

text: United States


text: The primary purpose of a web browser is to bring information resources to the user ("retrieval" or "fetching"), allowing them to view the information ("display", "rendering"), and then access other information ("navigation", "following links").

title: Web_browser

title: Web_browser

text: The

text: primary

text: purpose

text: of

text: a

text: web

text: browser

text: is

text: to

text: bring

text: information

text: resources

text: to

text: the

text: user

text: retrieval

text: or

text: fetching

text: allowing

text: them

text: to

text: view

text: the

text: information

text: display

text: rendering

text: and

text: then

text: access

text: other

text: information

text: navigation

text: following

text: links

question: What is the main use of a browser?

answer: to bring information resources to the user

text: to bring information resources to the user

question: What is the primary purpose of a computer having access?

question: How does display rendering function?

text: bring information resources to the user

question: How does an OS access other information?

text: "retrieval" or "fetching"

question: What lets an OS see information?

text: "display", "rendering"

question: What lets an OS find other information?

text: "navigation"


text: The city is home to many professional franchises/teams in national competitions including: cricket clubs Melbourne Stars, Melbourne Renegades and Victorian Bushrangers, which play in the Big Bash League and other domestic cricket competitions; soccer clubs Melbourne Victory and Melbourne City FC (known until June 2014 as Melbourne Heart), which play in the A-League competition, both teams play their home games at AAMI Park, with the Victory also playing home games at Etihad Stadium. Rugby league club Melbourne Storm which plays in the NRL competition; rugby union clubs Melbourne Rebels and Melbourne Rising, which play in the Super Rugby and National Rugby Championship competitions respectively; netball club Melbourne Vixens, which plays in the trans-Tasman trophy ANZ Championship; basketball club Melbourne United, which plays in the NBL competition; Bulleen Boomers and Dandenong Rangers, which play in the WNBL; ice hockey teams Melbourne Ice and Melbourne Mustangs, who play in the Australian Ice Hockey League; and baseball club Melbourne Aces, which plays in the Australian Baseball League. Rowing is also a large part of Melbourne's sporting identity, with a number of clubs located on the Yarra River, out of which many Australian Olympians trained. The city previously held the nation's premier long distance swimming event the annual Race to Prince's Bridge, in the Yarra River.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: many

text: professional

text: franchises

text: teams

text: in

text: national

text: competitions

text: including

text: cricket

text: clubs

text: Melbourne

text: Stars

text: Melbourne

text: Renegades

text: and

text: Victorian

text: Bushrangers

text: which

text: play

text: in

text: the

text: Big

text: Bash

text: League

text: and

text: other

text: domestic

text: cricket

text: competitions

text: soccer

text: clubs

text: Melbourne

text: Victory

text: and

text: Melbourne

text: City

text: FC

text: known

text: until

text: June

text: as

text: Melbourne

text: Heart

text: which

text: play

text: in

text: the

text: A

text: League

text: competition

text: both

text: teams

text: play

text: their

text: home

text: games

text: at

text: AAMI

text: Park

text: with

text: the

text: Victory

text: also

text: playing

text: home

text: games

text: at

text: Etihad

text: Stadium

text: Rugby

text: league

text: club

text: Melbourne

text: Storm

text: which

text: plays

text: in

text: the

text: NRL

text: competition

text: rugby

text: union

text: clubs

text: Melbourne

text: Rebels

text: and

text: Melbourne

text: Rising

text: which

text: play

text: in

text: the

text: Super

text: Rugby

text: and

text: National

text: Rugby

text: Championship

text: competitions

text: respectively

text: netball

text: club

text: Melbourne

text: Vixens

text: which

text: plays

text: in

text: the

text: trans

text: Tasman

text: trophy

text: ANZ

text: Championship

text: basketball

text: club

text: Melbourne

text: United

text: which

text: plays

text: in

text: the

text: NBL

text: competition

text: Bulleen

text: Boomers

text: and

text: Dandenong

text: Rangers

text: which

text: play

text: in

text: the

text: WNBL

text: ice

text: hockey

text: teams

text: Melbourne

text: Ice

text: and

text: Melbourne

text: Mustangs

text: who

text: play

text: in

text: the

text: Australian

text: Ice

text: Hockey

text: League

text: and

text: baseball

text: club

text: Melbourne

text: Aces

text: which

text: plays

text: in

text: the

text: Australian

text: Baseball

text: League

text: Rowing

text: is

text: also

text: a

text: large

text: part

text: of

text: Melbourne

text: 's

text: sporting

text: identity

text: with

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: clubs

text: located

text: on

text: the

text: Yarra

text: River

text: out

text: of

text: which

text: many

text: Australian

text: Olympians

text: trained

text: The

text: city

text: previously

text: held

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: premier

text: long

text: distance

text: swimming

text: event

text: the

text: annual

text: Race

text: to

text: Prince

text: 's

text: Bridge

text: in

text: the

text: Yarra

text: River

question: When did Melbourne Heart become known as Melbourne City FC?

answer: June 2014

text: June 2014

question: What are Melbourne's two ice hockey teams named?

answer: Melbourne Ice and Melbourne Mustangs

text: Melbourne Ice and Melbourne Mustangs

question: In which river was the annual Race to Prince's Bridge held?

answer: Yarra

text: Yarra

question: Where does the soccer club Melbourne Victory play home games?

answer: Etihad Stadium

text: Etihad Stadium

question: Which basketball club in Melbourne plays in the NBL?

answer: Melbourne United

text: Melbourne United


text: During this early period, it was more usual that neither major party grouping (Federalists and Democratic-Republicans) had an official leader. In 1813, for instance, a scholar recounts that the Federalist minority of 36 Members needed a committee of 13 "to represent a party comprising a distinct minority" and "to coordinate the actions of men who were already partisans in the same cause." In 1828, a foreign observer of the House offered this perspective on the absence of formal party leadership on Capitol Hill:

title: Party_leaders_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives

text: During

text: this

text: early

text: period

text: it

text: was

text: more

text: usual

text: that

text: neither

text: major

text: party

text: grouping

text: Federalists

text: and

text: Democratic

text: Republicans

text: had

text: an

text: official

text: leader

text: In

text: for

text: instance

text: a

text: scholar

text: recounts

text: that

text: the

text: Federalist

text: minority

text: of

text: Members

text: needed

text: a

text: committee

text: of

text: to

text: represent

text: a

text: party

text: comprising

text: a

text: distinct

text: minority

text: and

text: to

text: coordinate

text: the

text: actions

text: of

text: men

text: who

text: were

text: already

text: partisans

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: cause

text: In

text: a

text: foreign

text: observer

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: offered

text: this

text: perspective

text: on

text: the

text: absence

text: of

text: formal

text: party

text: leadership

text: on

text: Capitol

text: Hill

question: In the early days who represented party leadership?

answer: it was more usual that neither major party grouping (Federalists and Democratic-Republicans) had an official leader

text: it was more usual that neither major party grouping (Federalists and Democratic-Republicans) had an official leader

question: In early 19th century, what were 2 common parties?

answer: (Federalists and Democratic-Republicans)

text: (Federalists and Democratic-Republicans)

question: What would be the purpose of organizing non majority members of  the house?

answer: to represent a party comprising a distinct minority

text: to represent a party comprising a distinct minority

question: What did the Democratic-Republicans have in 1828?

text: an official leader

question: How many members of congress were there in 1828?

question: Who offered their view on lack of Democrat-Republican leadership in 1813?

text: a foreign observer

question: In what year did Capitol Hill get its name?

question: What did the Democratic-Republicans need in 1828?

text: a committee of 13


text: The average temperature is 61.4 °F (16.3 °C), with the monthly daily average ranging from 39.2 °F (4.0 °C) in January to 83.0 °F (28.3 °C) in July. Extremes range from −17 °F (−27 °C) on February 12, 1899 to 113 °F (45 °C) on August 11, 1936 and August 3, 2012; the last sub-zero (°F) reading was −5 °F (−21 °C) on February 10, 2011. Temperatures reach 100 °F (38 °C) on 10.4 days of the year, 90 °F (32 °C) on nearly 70 days, and fail to rise above freezing on 8.3 days. The city receives about 35.9 inches (91.2 cm) of precipitation annually, of which 8.6 inches (21.8 cm) is snow.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: The

text: average

text: temperature

text: is

text: F

text: C

text: with

text: the

text: monthly

text: daily

text: average

text: ranging

text: from

text: F

text: C

text: in

text: January

text: to

text: F

text: C

text: in

text: July

text: Extremes

text: range

text: from

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: February

text: to

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: August

text: and

text: August

text: the

text: last

text: sub

text: zero

text: F

text: reading

text: was

text: −5

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: February

text: Temperatures

text: reach

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: days

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: F

text: C

text: on

text: nearly

text: days

text: and

text: fail

text: to

text: rise

text: above

text: freezing

text: on

text: days

text: The

text: city

text: receives

text: about

text: inches

text: cm

text: of

text: precipitation

text: annually

text: of

text: which

text: inches

text: cm

text: is

text: snow

question: How much precipitation on average falls within the city?

answer: 35.9 inches

text: 35.9 inches

question: Out of the precipitation that falls, how much of it is snow?

answer: 8.6 inches

text: 8.6 inches


text: The 2011 census showed that 36.7 per cent of Greater London's population were born outside the UK. The table to the right shows the 30 most common countries of birth of London residents in 2011, the date of the last published UK Census. A portion of the German-born population are likely to be British nationals born to parents serving in the British Armed Forces in Germany. Estimates produced by the Office for National Statistics indicate that the five largest foreign-born groups living in London in the period July 2009 to June 2010 were those born in India, Poland, the Republic of Ireland, Bangladesh and Nigeria.

title: London

title: London

text: The

text: census

text: showed

text: that

text: per

text: cent

text: of

text: Greater

text: London

text: 's

text: population

text: were

text: born

text: outside

text: the

text: UK

text: The

text: table

text: to

text: the

text: right

text: shows

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: countries

text: of

text: birth

text: of

text: London

text: residents

text: in

text: the

text: date

text: of

text: the

text: last

text: published

text: UK

text: Census

text: A

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: born

text: population

text: are

text: likely

text: to

text: be

text: British

text: nationals

text: born

text: to

text: parents

text: serving

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: in

text: Germany

text: Estimates

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: Office

text: for

text: National

text: Statistics

text: indicate

text: that

text: the

text: five

text: largest

text: foreign

text: born

text: groups

text: living

text: in

text: London

text: in

text: the

text: period

text: July

text: to

text: June

text: were

text: those

text: born

text: in

text: India

text: Poland

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: Bangladesh

text: and

text: Nigeria

question: What percentage of the Greater London population was said to be foreign-born according to the 2011 census?

answer: 36.7 per cent

text: 36.7 per cent

question: What agency is responsible for compiling London's population data?

answer: the Office for National Statistics

text: the Office for National Statistics

question: When was the most recent UK census published?

answer: 2011


text: From the 17th through 19th centuries, the merging of folk beliefs about group differences with scientific explanations of those differences produced what one scholar has called an "ideology of race". According to this ideology, races are primordial, natural, enduring and distinct. It was further argued that some groups may be the result of mixture between formerly distinct populations, but that careful study could distinguish the ancestral races that had combined to produce admixed groups. Subsequent influential classifications by Georges Buffon, Petrus Camper and Christoph Meiners all classified "Negros" as inferior to Europeans. In the United States the racial theories of Thomas Jefferson were influential. He saw Africans as inferior to Whites especially in regards to their intellect, and imbued with unnatural sexual appetites, but described Native Americans as equals to whites.

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: From

text: the

text: through

text: centuries

text: the

text: merging

text: of

text: folk

text: beliefs

text: about

text: group

text: differences

text: with

text: scientific

text: explanations

text: of

text: those

text: differences

text: produced

text: what

text: one

text: scholar

text: has

text: called

text: an

text: ideology

text: of

text: race

text: According

text: to

text: this

text: ideology

text: races

text: are

text: primordial

text: natural

text: enduring

text: and

text: distinct

text: It

text: was

text: further

text: argued

text: that

text: some

text: groups

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: mixture

text: between

text: formerly

text: distinct

text: populations

text: but

text: that

text: careful

text: study

text: could

text: distinguish

text: the

text: ancestral

text: races

text: that

text: had

text: combined

text: to

text: produce

text: admixed

text: groups

text: Subsequent

text: influential

text: classifications

text: by

text: Georges

text: Buffon

text: Petrus

text: Camper

text: and

text: Christoph

text: Meiners

text: all

text: classified

text: Negros

text: as

text: inferior

text: to

text: Europeans

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: racial

text: theories

text: of

text: Thomas

text: Jefferson

text: were

text: influential

text: He

text: saw

text: Africans

text: as

text: inferior

text: to

text: Whites

text: especially

text: in

text: regards

text: to

text: their

text: intellect

text: and

text: imbued

text: with

text: unnatural

text: sexual

text: appetites

text: but

text: described

text: Native

text: Americans

text: as

text: equals

text: to

text: whites

question: What did the merging of superstitious beliefs and scientific ones regarding group differences produce?

answer: an "ideology of race"

text: an "ideology of race"

question: What were races considered to be, according to the ideology of race?

answer: primordial, natural, enduring and distinct

text: primordial, natural, enduring and distinct

question: How might some groups have resulted, according to the ideology?

answer: mixture between formerly distinct populations

text: mixture between formerly distinct populations

question: What group was identified as being inferior to Europeans?

answer: Negros

text: Negros

question: Who particularly noted the unnatural sexual appetites of Africans?

answer: Thomas Jefferson

text: Thomas Jefferson


text: In 1897, Victoria had written instructions for her funeral, which was to be military as befitting a soldier's daughter and the head of the army, and white instead of black. On 25 January, Edward VII, the Kaiser and Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught, helped lift her body into the coffin. She was dressed in a white dress and her wedding veil. An array of mementos commemorating her extended family, friends and servants were laid in the coffin with her, at her request, by her doctor and dressers. One of Albert's dressing gowns was placed by her side, with a plaster cast of his hand, while a lock of John Brown's hair, along with a picture of him, was placed in her left hand concealed from the view of the family by a carefully positioned bunch of flowers. Items of jewellery placed on Victoria included the wedding ring of John Brown's mother, given to her by Brown in 1883. Her funeral was held on Saturday, 2 February, in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle, and after two days of lying-in-state, she was interred beside Prince Albert in Frogmore Mausoleum at Windsor Great Park. As she was laid to rest at the mausoleum, it began to snow.

title: Queen_Victoria

title: Queen_Victoria

text: In

text: Victoria

text: had

text: written

text: instructions

text: for

text: her

text: funeral

text: which

text: was

text: to

text: be

text: military

text: as

text: befitting

text: a

text: soldier

text: 's

text: daughter

text: and

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: army

text: and

text: white

text: instead

text: of

text: black

text: On

text: January

text: Edward

text: VII

text: the

text: Kaiser

text: and

text: Prince

text: Arthur

text: Duke

text: of

text: Connaught

text: helped

text: lift

text: her

text: body

text: into

text: the

text: coffin

text: She

text: was

text: dressed

text: in

text: a

text: white

text: dress

text: and

text: her

text: wedding

text: veil

text: An

text: array

text: of

text: mementos

text: commemorating

text: her

text: extended

text: family

text: friends

text: and

text: servants

text: were

text: laid

text: in

text: the

text: coffin

text: with

text: her

text: at

text: her

text: request

text: by

text: her

text: doctor

text: and

text: dressers

text: One

text: of

text: Albert

text: 's

text: dressing

text: gowns

text: was

text: placed

text: by

text: her

text: side

text: with

text: a

text: plaster

text: cast

text: of

text: his

text: hand

text: while

text: a

text: lock

text: of

text: John

text: Brown

text: 's

text: hair

text: along

text: with

text: a

text: picture

text: of

text: him

text: was

text: placed

text: in

text: her

text: left

text: hand

text: concealed

text: from

text: the

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: family

text: by

text: a

text: carefully

text: positioned

text: bunch

text: of

text: flowers

text: Items

text: of

text: jewellery

text: placed

text: on

text: Victoria

text: included

text: the

text: wedding

text: ring

text: of

text: John

text: Brown

text: 's

text: mother

text: given

text: to

text: her

text: by

text: Brown

text: in

text: Her

text: funeral

text: was

text: held

text: on

text: Saturday

text: February

text: in

text: St

text: George

text: 's

text: Chapel

text: Windsor

text: Castle

text: and

text: after

text: two

text: days

text: of

text: lying

text: in

text: state

text: she

text: was

text: interred

text: beside

text: Prince

text: Albert

text: in

text: Frogmore

text: Mausoleum

text: at

text: Windsor

text: Great

text: Park

text: As

text: she

text: was

text: laid

text: to

text: rest

text: at

text: the

text: mausoleum

text: it

text: began

text: to

text: snow

question: Which two people helped lift Victoria's body into the coffin?

answer: Edward VII, the Kaiser and Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught

text: Edward VII, the Kaiser and Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught

question: What item from her wedding was Victoria dressed in inside her coffin?

answer: wedding veil

text: wedding veil

question: What color was her dress?

answer: white

text: white

question: Who's dressing gown was placed by her side?

answer: Albert's

text: Albert's

question: What year did Queen Victoria die?

answer: 1897

question: What clothing was Queen Victoria laid to rest in?

answer: a white dress and her wedding veil

text: a white dress and her wedding veil

question: A plaster cast of what part of Alberts body was placed in the coffin with the Queen?

answer: his hand

text: his hand

question: What was placed in the Queens left hand when she was placed in her coffin?

answer: a lock of John Brown's hair

text: a lock of John Brown's hair

question: Where was the funeral of Queen Victoria held?

answer: St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle

text: St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle

question: What did Victoria wear upon her death in her coffin?

answer: She was dressed in a white dress and her wedding veil

text: She was dressed in a white dress and her wedding veil

question: Whose lock of hair was concealed in her left hand by flowers?

answer: John Brown

text: John Brown

question: When did John Brown give Victoria his mother's wedding ring?

answer: 1883

question: When was Queen Victoria's funeral held?

answer: Saturday, 2 February

text: Saturday, 2 February

question: Where was Queen Victoria laid to rest after her death?

answer: Frogmore Mausoleum at Windsor Great Park

text: Frogmore Mausoleum at Windsor Great Park

question: Where was Victoria laid to rest?

answer: Frogmore Mausoleum at Windsor Great Park

text: Frogmore Mausoleum at Windsor Great Park

question: When was Queen Victoria's funeral held?

answer: 2 February

text: 2 February

question: What was hidden in Queen Victoria's hand by her father's family?

answer: a lock of John Brown's hair, along with a picture of him

text: a lock of John Brown's hair, along with a picture of him

question: How was Victoria dressed for burial?

answer: a white dress and her wedding veil

text: a white dress and her wedding veil

question: Who placed Victoria into her coffin?

answer: Edward VII, the Kaiser and Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught

text: Edward VII, the Kaiser and Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught

question: Which three people helped lift Victoria's body into the coffin?

question: What item from her wedding was Victoria not dressed in inside her coffin?

text: wedding veil

question: What color wasn't her dress?

text: white

question: Who's dressing gown was placed outside?

text: Albert's

question: What year didn't Queen Victoria die?


text: Iran has an area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi). Iran lies between latitudes 24° and 40° N, and longitudes 44° and 64° E. Its borders are with Azerbaijan (611 km or 380 mi, with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave, 179 km or 111 mi) and Armenia (35 km or 22 mi) to the north-west; the Caspian Sea to the north; Turkmenistan (992 km or 616 mi) to the north-east; Pakistan (909 km or 565 mi) and Afghanistan (936 km or 582 mi) to the east; Turkey (499 km or 310 mi) and Iraq (1,458 km or 906 mi) to the west; and finally the waters of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman to the south.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: Iran

text: has

text: an

text: area

text: of

text: sq

text: mi

text: Iran

text: lies

text: between

text: latitudes

text: and

text: N

text: and

text: longitudes

text: and

text: E.

text: Its

text: borders

text: are

text: with

text: Azerbaijan

text: km

text: or

text: mi

text: with

text: Azerbaijan

text: Naxcivan

text: exclave

text: km

text: or

text: mi

text: and

text: Armenia

text: km

text: or

text: mi

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: west

text: the

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Turkmenistan

text: km

text: or

text: mi

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: east

text: Pakistan

text: km

text: or

text: mi

text: and

text: Afghanistan

text: km

text: or

text: mi

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: Turkey

text: km

text: or

text: mi

text: and

text: Iraq

text: km

text: or

text: mi

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: and

text: finally

text: the

text: waters

text: of

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: and

text: the

text: Gulf

text: of

text: Oman

text: to

text: the

text: south

question: What is the size of Iran?

answer: 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi)

text: 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi)

question: What latitudes does Iran lie between?

answer: 24° and 40° N

text: 24° and 40° N

question: What longitudes does Iran lie between?

answer: 44° and 64° E

text: 44° and 64° E

question: Where does Iran border the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman?

answer: to the south

text: to the south

question: What does Iran border with to its north?

answer: the Caspian Sea

text: the Caspian Sea


text: On Saturday, July 23, 1989, much of America learned of the AFL for an unintended reason, when the Pittsburgh Gladiators' head coach, Joe Haering, made football history by punching commissioner Jim Foster during a game with the Chicago Bruisers. The national media ran with the story, including a photo in USA Today. The game was played between the two teams in Sacramento's Arco Arena, as part of the AFL's 'Barnstorming America' tour. Foster had walked onto the field of play to mediate an altercation between the two teams when Haering, a former NFL assistant, punched him in the jaw. Haering was suspended without pay.

title: Arena_Football_League

title: Arena_Football_League

text: On

text: Saturday

text: July

text: much

text: of

text: America

text: learned

text: of

text: the

text: AFL

text: for

text: an

text: unintended

text: reason

text: when

text: the

text: Pittsburgh

text: Gladiators

text: head

text: coach

text: Joe

text: Haering

text: made

text: football

text: history

text: by

text: punching

text: commissioner

text: Jim

text: Foster

text: during

text: a

text: game

text: with

text: the

text: Chicago

text: Bruisers

text: The

text: national

text: media

text: ran

text: with

text: the

text: story

text: including

text: a

text: photo

text: in

text: USA

text: Today

text: The

text: game

text: was

text: played

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: teams

text: in

text: Sacramento

text: 's

text: Arco

text: Arena

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: AFL

text: 's

text: Barnstorming

text: America

text: tour

text: Foster

text: had

text: walked

text: onto

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: play

text: to

text: mediate

text: an

text: altercation

text: between

text: the

text: two

text: teams

text: when

text: Haering

text: a

text: former

text: NFL

text: assistant

text: punched

text: him

text: in

text: the

text: jaw

text: Haering

text: was

text: suspended

text: without

text: pay

question: Who was the coach of the Pittsburgh Gladiators in 1989?

answer: Joe Haering

text: Joe Haering

question: What day of the week was July 23, 1989?

answer: Saturday

text: Saturday

question: Who was the commissioner of the AFL in 1989?

answer: Jim Foster

text: Jim Foster

question: What paper featured a photograph of the head coach of the Gladiators punching the commissioner of the AFL?

answer: USA Today

text: USA Today

question: In what arena were the Gladiators playing the Bruisers on July 23, 1989?

answer: Arco Arena

text: Arco Arena


text: USB connections also come in five data transfer modes, in ascending order: Low Speed (1.0), Full Speed (1.0), High Speed (2.0), SuperSpeed (3.0), and SuperSpeed+ (3.1). High Speed is supported only by specifically designed USB 2.0 High Speed interfaces (that is, USB 2.0 controllers without the High Speed designation do not support it), as well as by USB 3.0 and newer interfaces. SuperSpeed is supported only by USB 3.0 and newer interfaces, and requires a connector and cable with extra pins and wires, usually distinguishable by the blue inserts in connectors.

title: USB

title: USB

text: USB

text: connections

text: also

text: come

text: in

text: five

text: data

text: transfer

text: modes

text: in

text: ascending

text: order

text: Low

text: Speed

text: Full

text: Speed

text: High

text: Speed

text: SuperSpeed

text: and

text: SuperSpeed+

text: High

text: Speed

text: is

text: supported

text: only

text: by

text: specifically

text: designed

text: USB

text: High

text: Speed

text: interfaces

text: that

text: is

text: USB

text: controllers

text: without

text: the

text: High

text: Speed

text: designation

text: do

text: not

text: support

text: it

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: by

text: USB

text: and

text: newer

text: interfaces

text: SuperSpeed

text: is

text: supported

text: only

text: by

text: USB

text: and

text: newer

text: interfaces

text: and

text: requires

text: a

text: connector

text: and

text: cable

text: with

text: extra

text: pins

text: and

text: wires

text: usually

text: distinguishable

text: by

text: the

text: blue

text: inserts

text: in

text: connectors

question: USB connections come in what?

answer: five data transfer modes

text: five data transfer modes

question: What is High Speed only supported by?

answer: specifically designed USB 2.0 High Speed interfaces

text: specifically designed USB 2.0 High Speed interfaces

question: SuperSpeed is only supported by?

answer: USB 3.0 and newer interfaces

text: USB 3.0 and newer interfaces


text: Stansted Airport, north east of London in Essex, is a local UK hub and Luton Airport to the north of London in Bedfordshire, caters mostly for cheap short-haul flights. London City Airport, the smallest and most central airport, in Newham, East London, is focused on business travellers, with a mixture of full service short-haul scheduled flights and considerable business jet traffic. London Southend Airport, east of London in Essex, is a smaller, regional airport that mainly caters for cheap short-haul flights.

title: London

title: London

text: Stansted

text: Airport

text: north

text: east

text: of

text: London

text: in

text: Essex

text: is

text: a

text: local

text: UK

text: hub

text: and

text: Luton

text: Airport

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: of

text: London

text: in

text: Bedfordshire

text: caters

text: mostly

text: for

text: cheap

text: short

text: haul

text: flights

text: London

text: City

text: Airport

text: the

text: smallest

text: and

text: most

text: central

text: airport

text: in

text: Newham

text: East

text: London

text: is

text: focused

text: on

text: business

text: travellers

text: with

text: a

text: mixture

text: of

text: full

text: service

text: short

text: haul

text: scheduled

text: flights

text: and

text: considerable

text: business

text: jet

text: traffic

text: London

text: Southend

text: Airport

text: east

text: of

text: London

text: in

text: Essex

text: is

text: a

text: smaller

text: regional

text: airport

text: that

text: mainly

text: caters

text: for

text: cheap

text: short

text: haul

text: flights

question: What is the smallest airport in the London area?

answer: London City Airport

text: London City Airport

question: London City Airport's clients are comprised chiefly of what?

answer: business travellers

text: business travellers

question: Which local UK airport hub is located in Essex?

answer: Stansted Airport

text: Stansted Airport

question: London Southend Airport in Essex offers primarily what type of service?

answer: cheap short-haul flights

text: cheap short-haul flights

question: Where is London City Airport located?

answer: Newham, East London

text: Newham, East London


text: Some of the second-generation renewables, such as wind power, have high potential and have already realised relatively low production costs. Global wind power installations increased by 35,800 MW in 2010, bringing total installed capacity up to 194,400 MW, a 22.5% increase on the 158,700 MW installed at the end of 2009. The increase for 2010 represents investments totalling €47.3 billion (US$65 billion) and for the first time more than half of all new wind power was added outside of the traditional markets of Europe and North America, mainly driven, by the continuing boom in China which accounted for nearly half of all of the installations at 16,500 MW. China now has 42,300 MW of wind power installed. Wind power accounts for approximately 19% of electricity generated in Denmark, 9% in Spain and Portugal, and 6% in Germany and the Republic of Ireland. In Australian state of South Australia wind power, championed by Premier Mike Rann (2002–2011), now comprises 26% of the state's electricity generation, edging out coal fired power. At the end of 2011 South Australia, with 7.2% of Australia's population, had 54%of the nation's installed wind power capacity. Wind power's share of worldwide electricity usage at the end of 2014 was 3.1%. These are some of the largest wind farms in the world:

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

title: Renewable_energy_commercialization

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: second

text: generation

text: renewables

text: such

text: as

text: wind

text: power

text: have

text: high

text: potential

text: and

text: have

text: already

text: realised

text: relatively

text: low

text: production

text: costs

text: Global

text: wind

text: power

text: installations

text: increased

text: by

text: MW

text: in

text: bringing

text: total

text: installed

text: capacity

text: up

text: to

text: MW

text: a

text: increase

text: on

text: the

text: MW

text: installed

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: The

text: increase

text: for

text: represents

text: investments

text: totalling

text: billion

text: US$

text: billion

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: more

text: than

text: half

text: of

text: all

text: new

text: wind

text: power

text: was

text: added

text: outside

text: of

text: the

text: traditional

text: markets

text: of

text: Europe

text: and

text: North

text: America

text: mainly

text: driven

text: by

text: the

text: continuing

text: boom

text: in

text: China

text: which

text: accounted

text: for

text: nearly

text: half

text: of

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: installations

text: at

text: MW

text: China

text: now

text: has

text: MW

text: of

text: wind

text: power

text: installed

text: Wind

text: power

text: accounts

text: for

text: approximately

text: of

text: electricity

text: generated

text: in

text: Denmark

text: in

text: Spain

text: and

text: Portugal

text: and

text: in

text: Germany

text: and

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: In

text: Australian

text: state

text: of

text: South

text: Australia

text: wind

text: power

text: championed

text: by

text: Premier

text: Mike

text: Rann

text: now

text: comprises

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: electricity

text: generation

text: edging

text: out

text: coal

text: fired

text: power

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: South

text: Australia

text: with

text: of

text: Australia

text: 's

text: population

text: had

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: installed

text: wind

text: power

text: capacity

text: Wind

text: power

text: 's

text: share

text: of

text: worldwide

text: electricity

text: usage

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: was

text: These

text: are

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: wind

text: farms

text: in

text: the

text: world

question: Global wind power installations increased by how much in 2010?

answer: 35,800 MW

text: 35,800 MW

question: China has how much wind power installed?

answer: 42,300 MW

text: 42,300 MW

question: In Denmark, wind power accounts for what percentage of electricity generated?

answer: 19%

question: In Spain, wind power accounts for what percentage of electricity generated?

answer: 9%

question: In Germany, wind power accounts for what percentage of electricity generated?

answer: 6%

question: Global wind power installations decreased by how much in 2010?

question: China doesn't have how much wind power installed?

text: 42,300 MW

question: In Denmark, wind power doesn't account for what percentage of electricity generated?

question: In Spain, wind power doesn't account for what percentage of electricity generated?

question: In Germany, wind power doesn't account for what percentage of electricity generated?


text: The two different historical Estonian languages (sometimes considered dialects), the North and South Estonian languages, are based on the ancestors of modern Estonians' migration into the territory of Estonia in at least two different waves, both groups speaking considerably different Finnic vernaculars. Modern standard Estonian has evolved on the basis of the dialects of Northern Estonia.

title: Estonian_language

title: Estonian_language

text: The

text: two

text: different

text: historical

text: Estonian

text: languages

text: sometimes

text: considered

text: dialects

text: the

text: North

text: and

text: South

text: Estonian

text: languages

text: are

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: ancestors

text: of

text: modern

text: Estonians

text: migration

text: into

text: the

text: territory

text: of

text: Estonia

text: in

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: different

text: waves

text: both

text: groups

text: speaking

text: considerably

text: different

text: Finnic

text: vernaculars

text: Modern

text: standard

text: Estonian

text: has

text: evolved

text: on

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: the

text: dialects

text: of

text: Northern

text: Estonia

question: What was the minimum number of waves through which modern Estonians migrated into Estonia?

answer: two

text: two

question: What are the names of the two separate Estonian languages?

answer: North and South Estonian languages

text: North and South Estonian languages

question: What are East and West Estonian languages based on?

question: What evolved from Eastern Estonian dialect?

text: Modern standard Estonian

question: The two waves of migration into Estonian spoke the exact same type of what language?

text: Finnic vernaculars

question: What was the maximum number of waves through which modern Estonians migrated into Estonia?

text: two


text: Their final aircraft design, the Silver Dart, embodied all of the advancements found in the earlier machines. On February 23, 1909, Bell was present as the Silver Dart flown by J.A.D. McCurdy from the frozen ice of Bras d'Or, made the first aircraft flight in Canada. Bell had worried that the flight was too dangerous and had arranged for a doctor to be on hand. With the successful flight, the AEA disbanded and the Silver Dart would revert to Baldwin and McCurdy who began the Canadian Aerodrome Company and would later demonstrate the aircraft to the Canadian Army.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: Their

text: final

text: aircraft

text: design

text: the

text: Silver

text: Dart

text: embodied

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: advancements

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: earlier

text: machines

text: On

text: February

text: Bell

text: was

text: present

text: as

text: the

text: Silver

text: Dart

text: flown

text: by

text: J.A.D.

text: McCurdy

text: from

text: the

text: frozen

text: ice

text: of

text: Bras

text: d'Or

text: made

text: the

text: first

text: aircraft

text: flight

text: in

text: Canada

text: Bell

text: had

text: worried

text: that

text: the

text: flight

text: was

text: too

text: dangerous

text: and

text: had

text: arranged

text: for

text: a

text: doctor

text: to

text: be

text: on

text: hand

text: With

text: the

text: successful

text: flight

text: the

text: AEA

text: disbanded

text: and

text: the

text: Silver

text: Dart

text: would

text: revert

text: to

text: Baldwin

text: and

text: McCurdy

text: who

text: began

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Aerodrome

text: Company

text: and

text: would

text: later

text: demonstrate

text: the

text: aircraft

text: to

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Army

question: What did the AEA name their last plane?

answer: Silver Dart

text: Silver Dart

question: Who was the first to fly the Silver Dart?

answer: J.A.D. McCurdy

text: J.A.D. McCurdy

question: What professional did Bell make sure was present during the first Silver Dart flight?

answer: a doctor

text: a doctor

question: What business did Baldwin and McCurdy start after the AEA folded?

answer: Canadian Aerodrome Company

text: Canadian Aerodrome Company

question: On what month and day did the Silver Dart take its first flight?

answer: February 23

text: February 23


text: During his term as praetor in the Iberian Peninsula (modern Portugal and Spain), Pompey's contemporary Julius Caesar defeated two local tribes in battle. After his term as consul in 59 BC, he was appointed to a five-year term as the proconsular Governor of Cisalpine Gaul (part of current northern Italy), Transalpine Gaul (current southern France) and Illyria (part of the modern Balkans). Not content with an idle governorship, Caesar strove to find reason to invade Gaul (modern France and Belgium), which would give him the dramatic military success he sought. When two local tribes began to migrate on a route that would take them near (not into) the Roman province of Transalpine Gaul, Caesar had the barely sufficient excuse he needed for his Gallic Wars, fought between 58 BC and 49 BC.

title: Roman_Republic

title: Roman_Republic

text: During

text: his

text: term

text: as

text: praetor

text: in

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: modern

text: Portugal

text: and

text: Spain

text: Pompey

text: 's

text: contemporary

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: defeated

text: two

text: local

text: tribes

text: in

text: battle

text: After

text: his

text: term

text: as

text: consul

text: in

text: BC

text: he

text: was

text: appointed

text: to

text: a

text: five

text: year

text: term

text: as

text: the

text: proconsular

text: Governor

text: of

text: Cisalpine

text: Gaul

text: part

text: of

text: current

text: northern

text: Italy

text: Transalpine

text: Gaul

text: current

text: southern

text: France

text: and

text: Illyria

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: modern

text: Balkans

text: Not

text: content

text: with

text: an

text: idle

text: governorship

text: Caesar

text: strove

text: to

text: find

text: reason

text: to

text: invade

text: Gaul

text: modern

text: France

text: and

text: Belgium

text: which

text: would

text: give

text: him

text: the

text: dramatic

text: military

text: success

text: he

text: sought

text: When

text: two

text: local

text: tribes

text: began

text: to

text: migrate

text: on

text: a

text: route

text: that

text: would

text: take

text: them

text: near

text: not

text: into

text: the

text: Roman

text: province

text: of

text: Transalpine

text: Gaul

text: Caesar

text: had

text: the

text: barely

text: sufficient

text: excuse

text: he

text: needed

text: for

text: his

text: Gallic

text: Wars

text: fought

text: between

text: BC

text: and

text: BC

question: Who held  a term as praetor in the Iberian Peninsula?

answer: Julius Caesar

text: Julius Caesar

question: Why did Julius Caesar wish to invade Gaul?

answer: would give him the dramatic military success he sought

text: would give him the dramatic military success he sought

question: When did Julius Caesar's term as consul end?

answer: 59 BC

text: 59 BC

question: What military leader was Julius Caesar a contemporary of?

answer: Pompey

text: Pompey

question: What was the reasoning Julius Caesar used to start the Gallic Wars?

answer: two local tribes began to migrate on a route that would take them near (not into) the Roman province of Transalpine Gaul

text: two local tribes began to migrate on a route that would take them near (not into) the Roman province of Transalpine Gaul


text: Switzerland has a dense network of cities, where large, medium and small cities are complementary. The plateau is very densely populated with about 450 people per km2 and the landscape continually shows signs of human presence. The weight of the largest metropolitan areas, which are Zürich, Geneva–Lausanne, Basel and Bern tend to increase. In international comparison the importance of these urban areas is stronger than their number of inhabitants suggests. In addition the two main centers of Zürich and Geneva are recognized for their particularly great quality of life.

title: Switzerland

title: Switzerland

text: Switzerland

text: has

text: a

text: dense

text: network

text: of

text: cities

text: where

text: large

text: medium

text: and

text: small

text: cities

text: are

text: complementary

text: The

text: plateau

text: is

text: very

text: densely

text: populated

text: with

text: about

text: people

text: per

text: and

text: the

text: landscape

text: continually

text: shows

text: signs

text: of

text: human

text: presence

text: The

text: weight

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: metropolitan

text: areas

text: which

text: are

text: Zürich

text: Geneva

text: Lausanne

text: Basel

text: and

text: Bern

text: tend

text: to

text: increase

text: In

text: international

text: comparison

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: these

text: urban

text: areas

text: is

text: stronger

text: than

text: their

text: number

text: of

text: inhabitants

text: suggests

text: In

text: addition

text: the

text: two

text: main

text: centers

text: of

text: Zürich

text: and

text: Geneva

text: are

text: recognized

text: for

text: their

text: particularly

text: great

text: quality

text: of

text: life

question: What is the population density of the plateau?

answer: 450 people per km2

text: 450 people per km2

question: Which 2 centers are recognized for their particularly great quality of life?

answer: Zürich and Geneva

text: Zürich and Geneva

question: What does the weight of the largest metropolitan areas tend to do?

answer: increase

text: increase


text: Short-term memory is believed to rely mostly on an acoustic code for storing information, and to a lesser extent a visual code. Conrad (1964) found that test subjects had more difficulty recalling collections of letters that were acoustically similar (e.g. E, P, D). Confusion with recalling acoustically similar letters rather than visually similar letters implies that the letters were encoded acoustically. Conrad's (1964) study, however, deals with the encoding of written text; thus, while memory of written language may rely on acoustic components, generalisations to all forms of memory cannot be made.

title: Memory

title: Memory

text: Short

text: term

text: memory

text: is

text: believed

text: to

text: rely

text: mostly

text: on

text: an

text: acoustic

text: code

text: for

text: storing

text: information

text: and

text: to

text: a

text: lesser

text: extent

text: a

text: visual

text: code

text: Conrad

text: found

text: that

text: test

text: subjects

text: had

text: more

text: difficulty

text: recalling

text: collections

text: of

text: letters

text: that

text: were

text: acoustically

text: similar

text: e.g.

text: E

text: P

text: D

text: Confusion

text: with

text: recalling

text: acoustically

text: similar

text: letters

text: rather

text: than

text: visually

text: similar

text: letters

text: implies

text: that

text: the

text: letters

text: were

text: encoded

text: acoustically

text: Conrad

text: 's

text: study

text: however

text: deals

text: with

text: the

text: encoding

text: of

text: written

text: text

text: thus

text: while

text: memory

text: of

text: written

text: language

text: may

text: rely

text: on

text: acoustic

text: components

text: generalisations

text: to

text: all

text: forms

text: of

text: memory

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: made

question: What does short-term memory depend on?

answer: an acoustic code for storing information, and to a lesser extent a visual code.

text: an acoustic code for storing information, and to a lesser extent a visual code.

question: What did conrad find about test subjects?

answer: subjects had more difficulty recalling collections of letters that were acoustically similar

text: subjects had more difficulty recalling collections of letters that were acoustically similar

question: What does Conrads finding seem to mean?

answer: . Confusion with recalling acoustically similar letters rather than visually similar letters implies that the letters were encoded acoustically.

text: . Confusion with recalling acoustically similar letters rather than visually similar letters implies that the letters were encoded acoustically.

question: What was Conrads deal with?

answer: encoding of written text;

text: encoding of written text;

question: What does long-term memory depend on?

question: What didn't Conrad find out about test subjects?

question: What did confusion recalling acoustically different letters imply?

question: Whose study deals with decoding written texts?

text: Conrad

question: What did Conrad's 1963 sudy find?


text: For those with severe persistent asthma not controlled by inhaled corticosteroids and LABAs, bronchial thermoplasty may be an option. It involves the delivery of controlled thermal energy to the airway wall during a series of bronchoscopies. While it may increase exacerbation frequency in the first few months it appears to decrease the subsequent rate. Effects beyond one year are unknown. Evidence suggests that sublingual immunotherapy in those with both allergic rhinitis and asthma improve outcomes.

title: Asthma

title: Asthma

text: For

text: those

text: with

text: severe

text: persistent

text: asthma

text: not

text: controlled

text: by

text: inhaled

text: corticosteroids

text: and

text: LABAs

text: bronchial

text: thermoplasty

text: may

text: be

text: an

text: option

text: It

text: involves

text: the

text: delivery

text: of

text: controlled

text: thermal

text: energy

text: to

text: the

text: airway

text: wall

text: during

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: bronchoscopies

text: While

text: it

text: may

text: increase

text: exacerbation

text: frequency

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: few

text: months

text: it

text: appears

text: to

text: decrease

text: the

text: subsequent

text: rate

text: Effects

text: beyond

text: one

text: year

text: are

text: unknown

text: Evidence

text: suggests

text: that

text: sublingual

text: immunotherapy

text: in

text: those

text: with

text: both

text: allergic

text: rhinitis

text: and

text: asthma

text: improve

text: outcomes

question: What type of person would use bronchial thermoplasty as an option?

answer: For those with severe persistent asthma not controlled by inhaled corticosteroids and LABAs

text: For those with severe persistent asthma not controlled by inhaled corticosteroids and LABAs

question: What does bronchial thermoplasty consist of?

answer: It involves the delivery of controlled thermal energy to the airway wall during a series of bronchoscopies

text: It involves the delivery of controlled thermal energy to the airway wall during a series of bronchoscopies

question: What effect does bronchial thermoplasty have?

answer: it appears to decrease the subsequent rate.

text: it appears to decrease the subsequent rate.

question: What treatment helps improve those with allergic rhinitis and asthma?

answer: sublingual immunotherapy

text: sublingual immunotherapy

question: What is an option for someone with LABAs not controlled by corticosteroids?

text: bronchial thermoplasty

question: What does inhaling corticosteroids deliver?

question: What does taking corticosteroids increase in the first few months of use?

text: exacerbation frequency

question: What is decreased when you use sublingual immunotherapy for LABAs?

text: the subsequent rate

question: What treatment has evidence that shows an outcome improvement for people with LABAs?

text: sublingual immunotherapy