text: Socioeconomic factors, in combination with early but enduring views of race, have led to considerable suffering within disadvantaged racial groups. Racial discrimination often coincides with racist mindsets, whereby the individuals and ideologies of one group come to perceive the members of an outgroup as both racially defined and morally inferior. As a result, racial groups possessing relatively little power often find themselves excluded or oppressed, while hegemonic individuals and institutions are charged with holding racist attitudes. Racism has led to many instances of tragedy, including slavery and genocide.

title: Race_(human_categorization)

title: Race_(human_categorization

text: Socioeconomic

text: factors

text: in

text: combination

text: with

text: early

text: but

text: enduring

text: views

text: of

text: race

text: have

text: led

text: to

text: considerable

text: suffering

text: within

text: disadvantaged

text: racial

text: groups

text: Racial

text: discrimination

text: often

text: coincides

text: with

text: racist

text: mindsets

text: whereby

text: the

text: individuals

text: and

text: ideologies

text: of

text: one

text: group

text: come

text: to

text: perceive

text: the

text: members

text: of

text: an

text: outgroup

text: as

text: both

text: racially

text: defined

text: and

text: morally

text: inferior

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: racial

text: groups

text: possessing

text: relatively

text: little

text: power

text: often

text: find

text: themselves

text: excluded

text: or

text: oppressed

text: while

text: hegemonic

text: individuals

text: and

text: institutions

text: are

text: charged

text: with

text: holding

text: racist

text: attitudes

text: Racism

text: has

text: led

text: to

text: many

text: instances

text: of

text: tragedy

text: including

text: slavery

text: and

text: genocide

question: Socioeconomic factors and enduring views on race has led to what for certain racial groups?

answer: considerable suffering

text: considerable suffering

question: What is discrimination often paired with?

answer: racist mindsets

text: racist mindsets

question: What do members of one group typically perceive the moral standing of outgroups as?

answer: inferior

text: inferior

question: What do groups with less power often find themselves?

answer: excluded or oppressed

text: excluded or oppressed

question: What has led to many tragic instances of events like slavery and genocide?

answer: Racism

text: Racism


text: Cardinal priests are the most numerous of the three orders of cardinals in the Catholic Church, ranking above the cardinal deacons and below the cardinal bishops. Those who are named cardinal priests today are generally bishops of important dioceses throughout the world, though some hold Curial positions.

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism)

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism

text: Cardinal

text: priests

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: numerous

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: orders

text: of

text: cardinals

text: in

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: ranking

text: above

text: the

text: cardinal

text: deacons

text: and

text: below

text: the

text: cardinal

text: bishops

text: Those

text: who

text: are

text: named

text: cardinal

text: priests

text: today

text: are

text: generally

text: bishops

text: of

text: important

text: dioceses

text: throughout

text: the

text: world

text: though

text: some

text: hold

text: Curial

text: positions

question: Who are the lowest ranking cardinals in the Catholic church?

answer: cardinal deacons

text: cardinal deacons

question: Who are the highest ranking cardinals in the Catholic Church?

answer: cardinal bishops

text: cardinal bishops

question: Which rank has the most cardinals?

answer: Cardinal priests

text: Cardinal priests

question: Who are the highest ranking priests in the Catholic church?

text: cardinal bishops

question: Who are the most numerous of the four orders of cardinals in the Catholic Church?

text: Cardinal priests

question: Who is the lowest ranking priest in the Catholic Church?

text: cardinal deacons

question: What are those named cardinal popes today generally bishops of?

question: What position do some popes currently hold?

text: Curial positions.


text: At the University of Vienna, Hayek earned doctorates in law and political science in 1921 and 1923 respectively; and he also studied philosophy, psychology, and economics. For a short time, when the University of Vienna closed, Hayek studied in Constantin von Monakow's Institute of Brain Anatomy, where Hayek spent much of his time staining brain cells. Hayek's time in Monakow's lab, and his deep interest in the work of Ernst Mach, inspired Hayek's first intellectual project, eventually published as The Sensory Order (1952). It located connective learning at the physical and neurological levels, rejecting the "sense data" associationism of the empiricists and logical positivists. Hayek presented his work to the private seminar he had created with Herbert Furth called the Geistkreis.

title: Friedrich_Hayek

title: Friedrich_Hayek

text: At

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Vienna

text: Hayek

text: earned

text: doctorates

text: in

text: law

text: and

text: political

text: science

text: in

text: and

text: respectively

text: and

text: he

text: also

text: studied

text: philosophy

text: psychology

text: and

text: economics

text: For

text: a

text: short

text: time

text: when

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Vienna

text: closed

text: Hayek

text: studied

text: in

text: Constantin

text: von

text: Monakow

text: 's

text: Institute

text: of

text: Brain

text: Anatomy

text: where

text: Hayek

text: spent

text: much

text: of

text: his

text: time

text: staining

text: brain

text: cells

text: Hayek

text: 's

text: time

text: in

text: Monakow

text: 's

text: lab

text: and

text: his

text: deep

text: interest

text: in

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: Ernst

text: Mach

text: inspired

text: Hayek

text: 's

text: first

text: intellectual

text: project

text: eventually

text: published

text: as

text: The

text: Sensory

text: Order

text: It

text: located

text: connective

text: learning

text: at

text: the

text: physical

text: and

text: neurological

text: levels

text: rejecting

text: the

text: sense

text: data

text: associationism

text: of

text: the

text: empiricists

text: and

text: logical

text: positivists

text: Hayek

text: presented

text: his

text: work

text: to

text: the

text: private

text: seminar

text: he

text: had

text: created

text: with

text: Herbert

text: Furth

text: called

text: the

text: Geistkreis

question: Where did Hayek acquire his doctorates?

answer: University of Vienna

text: University of Vienna

question: Where did Hayek learn about the brain?

answer: Constantin von Monakow's Institute of Brain Anatomy

text: Constantin von Monakow's Institute of Brain Anatomy

question: What was the name of Hayek's first work?

answer: The Sensory Order

text: The Sensory Order

question: Where did first show his work?

answer: the Geistkreis

text: the Geistkreis

question: With whom did Hayek establish the Geistkreis?

answer: Herbert Furth

text: Herbert Furth


text: In the laboratory, bacteria are usually grown using solid or liquid media. Solid growth media, such as agar plates, are used to isolate pure cultures of a bacterial strain. However, liquid growth media are used when measurement of growth or large volumes of cells are required. Growth in stirred liquid media occurs as an even cell suspension, making the cultures easy to divide and transfer, although isolating single bacteria from liquid media is difficult. The use of selective media (media with specific nutrients added or deficient, or with antibiotics added) can help identify specific organisms.

title: Bacteria

title: Bacteria

text: In

text: the

text: laboratory

text: bacteria

text: are

text: usually

text: grown

text: using

text: solid

text: or

text: liquid

text: media

text: Solid

text: growth

text: media

text: such

text: as

text: agar

text: plates

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: isolate

text: pure

text: cultures

text: of

text: a

text: bacterial

text: strain

text: However

text: liquid

text: growth

text: media

text: are

text: used

text: when

text: measurement

text: of

text: growth

text: or

text: large

text: volumes

text: of

text: cells

text: are

text: required

text: Growth

text: in

text: stirred

text: liquid

text: media

text: occurs

text: as

text: an

text: even

text: cell

text: suspension

text: making

text: the

text: cultures

text: easy

text: to

text: divide

text: and

text: transfer

text: although

text: isolating

text: single

text: bacteria

text: from

text: liquid

text: media

text: is

text: difficult

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: selective

text: media

text: media

text: with

text: specific

text: nutrients

text: added

text: or

text: deficient

text: or

text: with

text: antibiotics

text: added

text: can

text: help

text: identify

text: specific

text: organisms

question: In what environment are bacteria being cultivated in labs?

answer: solid or liquid media

text: solid or liquid media

question: What is typical solid setting?

answer: agar plates

text: agar plates

question: Which media is preffered to grow larger volumes of bacteria?

answer: liquid growth media

text: liquid growth media

question: Which environment is better to isolate a single example of bacteria strain?

answer: agar plates

text: agar plates

question: What can help to indentify specific bacteria?

answer: The use of selective media

text: The use of selective media


text: Popular music in Cyprus is generally influenced by the Greek Laïka scene; artists who play in this genre include international platinum star Anna Vissi, Evridiki, and Sarbel. Hip Hop, R&B and reggae have been supported by the emergence of Cypriot rap and the urban music scene at Ayia Napa. Cypriot rock music and Éntekhno rock is often associated with artists such as Michalis Hatzigiannis and Alkinoos Ioannidis. Metal also has a small following in Cyprus represented by bands such as Armageddon (rev.16:16), Blynd, Winter's Verge and Quadraphonic.

title: Cyprus

title: Cyprus

text: Popular

text: music

text: in

text: Cyprus

text: is

text: generally

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: Greek

text: Laïka

text: scene

text: artists

text: who

text: play

text: in

text: this

text: genre

text: include

text: international

text: platinum

text: star

text: Anna

text: Vissi

text: Evridiki

text: and

text: Sarbel

text: Hip

text: Hop

text: R&B

text: and

text: reggae

text: have

text: been

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: emergence

text: of

text: Cypriot

text: rap

text: and

text: the

text: urban

text: music

text: scene

text: at

text: Ayia

text: Napa

text: Cypriot

text: rock

text: music

text: and

text: Éntekhno

text: rock

text: is

text: often

text: associated

text: with

text: artists

text: such

text: as

text: Michalis

text: Hatzigiannis

text: and

text: Alkinoos

text: Ioannidis

text: Metal

text: also

text: has

text: a

text: small

text: following

text: in

text: Cyprus

text: represented

text: by

text: bands

text: such

text: as

text: Armageddon

text: Blynd

text: Winter

text: 's

text: Verge

text: and

text: Quadraphonic

question: What influences popular music in Cyprus?

answer: Greek Laïka scene

text: Greek Laïka scene

question: What are some famous Cypriot artists?

answer: Anna Vissi, Evridiki, and Sarbel

text: Anna Vissi, Evridiki, and Sarbel

question: What other genres of music are enjoyed in Cyprus?

answer: Hip Hop, R&B and reggae

text: Hip Hop, R&B and reggae

question: Which artists are associated with Cypriot rock music?

answer: Michalis Hatzigiannis and Alkinoos Ioannidis

text: Michalis Hatzigiannis and Alkinoos Ioannidis

question: What are some famous metal Cypriot bands?

answer: Armageddon (rev.16:16), Blynd, Winter's Verge and Quadraphonic

text: Armageddon (rev.16:16), Blynd, Winter's Verge and Quadraphonic


text: The game's score was composed by Toru Minegishi and Asuka Ohta, with series regular Koji Kondo serving as the sound supervisor. Minegishi took charge of composition and sound design in Twilight Princess, providing all field and dungeon music under the supervision of Kondo. For the trailers, three pieces were written by different composers, two of which were created by Mahito Yokota and Kondo. Michiru Ōshima created orchestral arrangements for the three compositions, later to be performed by an ensemble conducted by Yasuzo Takemoto. Kondo's piece was later chosen as music for the E3 2005 trailer and for the demo movie after the game's title screen.

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

title: The_Legend_of_Zelda:_Twilight_Princess

text: The

text: game

text: 's

text: score

text: was

text: composed

text: by

text: Toru

text: Minegishi

text: and

text: Asuka

text: Ohta

text: with

text: series

text: regular

text: Koji

text: Kondo

text: serving

text: as

text: the

text: sound

text: supervisor

text: Minegishi

text: took

text: charge

text: of

text: composition

text: and

text: sound

text: design

text: in

text: Twilight

text: Princess

text: providing

text: all

text: field

text: and

text: dungeon

text: music

text: under

text: the

text: supervision

text: of

text: Kondo

text: For

text: the

text: trailers

text: three

text: pieces

text: were

text: written

text: by

text: different

text: composers

text: two

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: created

text: by

text: Mahito

text: Yokota

text: and

text: Kondo

text: Michiru

text: Ōshima

text: created

text: orchestral

text: arrangements

text: for

text: the

text: three

text: compositions

text: later

text: to

text: be

text: performed

text: by

text: an

text: ensemble

text: conducted

text: by

text: Yasuzo

text: Takemoto

text: Kondo

text: 's

text: piece

text: was

text: later

text: chosen

text: as

text: music

text: for

text: the

text: trailer

text: and

text: for

text: the

text: demo

text: movie

text: after

text: the

text: game

text: 's

text: title

text: screen

question: Who wrote the music for Twilight Princess?

answer: Toru Minegishi and Asuka Ohta

text: Toru Minegishi and Asuka Ohta

question: Who was in charge of overseeing audio production?

answer: Koji Kondo

text: Koji Kondo

question: Who worked adapting the score for performance by an orchestra?

answer: Michiru Ōshima

text: Michiru Ōshima

question: Who wrote the music used in the game's trailer and demo?

answer: Koji Kondo

text: Koji Kondo

question: Who created orchestral arrangements for the game?

answer: Michiru Ōshima

text: Michiru Ōshima

question: Who was to conduct the ensemble that would perform the pieces?

answer: Yasuzo Takemoto

text: Yasuzo Takemoto

question: Who wrote the music for Twilight Kondo?

text: Toru Minegishi and Asuka Ohta

question: Who was in charge of overseeing trailer production?

text: Koji Kondo

question: Who worked adapting the score for performance by the game's title screen?

text: Michiru Ōshima

question: Who wrote the music used in the games trailer and title screen?

text: Koji Kondo

question: Who was to conduct the ensemble that would supervise the title screen?

text: Yasuzo Takemoto


text: The original services of an inn are now also available at other establishments, such as hotels, lodges, and motels, which focus more on lodging customers than on other services, although they usually provide meals; pubs, which are primarily alcohol-serving establishments; and restaurants and taverns, which serve food and drink. In North America, the lodging aspect of the word "inn" lives on in hotel brand names like Holiday Inn, and in some state laws that refer to lodging operators as innkeepers.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: The

text: original

text: services

text: of

text: an

text: inn

text: are

text: now

text: also

text: available

text: at

text: other

text: establishments

text: such

text: as

text: hotels

text: lodges

text: and

text: motels

text: which

text: focus

text: more

text: on

text: lodging

text: customers

text: than

text: on

text: other

text: services

text: although

text: they

text: usually

text: provide

text: meals

text: pubs

text: which

text: are

text: primarily

text: alcohol

text: serving

text: establishments

text: and

text: restaurants

text: and

text: taverns

text: which

text: serve

text: food

text: and

text: drink

text: In

text: North

text: America

text: the

text: lodging

text: aspect

text: of

text: the

text: word

text: inn

text: lives

text: on

text: in

text: hotel

text: brand

text: names

text: like

text: Holiday

text: Inn

text: and

text: in

text: some

text: state

text: laws

text: that

text: refer

text: to

text: lodging

text: operators

text: as

text: innkeepers

question: What is the main service of an inn, now also attainable in motels, hotels and lodges?

answer: lodging

text: lodging

question: What is the main provision that pubs offer?

answer: alcohol

text: alcohol

question: What are customers seeking when they visit restaurants or taverns?

answer: food and drink

text: food and drink

question: What is a noted hotel brand throughout North America?

answer: Holiday Inn

text: Holiday Inn

question: In the United States, what are operators of lodgings sometimes called?

answer: innkeepers

text: innkeepers


text: From 1932, it was taught that the "little flock" of 144,000 would not be the only people to survive Armageddon. Rutherford explained that in addition to the 144,000 "anointed" who would be resurrected—or transferred at death—to live in heaven to rule over earth with Christ, a separate class of members, the "great multitude," would live in a paradise restored on earth; from 1935, new converts to the movement were considered part of that class. By the mid-1930s, the timing of the beginning of Christ's presence (Greek: parousía), his enthronement as king, and the start of the "last days" were each moved to 1914.

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

text: From

text: it

text: was

text: taught

text: that

text: the

text: little

text: flock

text: of

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: the

text: only

text: people

text: to

text: survive

text: Armageddon

text: Rutherford

text: explained

text: that

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: anointed

text: who

text: would

text: be

text: resurrected

text: or

text: transferred

text: at

text: death

text: to

text: live

text: in

text: heaven

text: to

text: rule

text: over

text: earth

text: with

text: Christ

text: a

text: separate

text: class

text: of

text: members

text: the

text: great

text: multitude

text: would

text: live

text: in

text: a

text: paradise

text: restored

text: on

text: earth

text: from

text: new

text: converts

text: to

text: the

text: movement

text: were

text: considered

text: part

text: of

text: that

text: class

text: By

text: the

text: the

text: timing

text: of

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: Christ

text: 's

text: presence

text: Greek

text: parousía

text: his

text: enthronement

text: as

text: king

text: and

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: last

text: days

text: were

text: each

text: moved

text: to

question: From when was it taught that the little flock would not be the only people to survive Armageddon?

answer: 1932

question: What was the number of the little flock set at?

answer: 144,000

question: Where would the great multitude live?

answer: a paradise restored on earth

text: a paradise restored on earth

question: All new converts to the movmeent since 1935 were considered part of what class?

answer: great multitude

text: great multitude

question: When was the start of the last days moved to in the mid-1930s?

answer: 1914

question: In what year was Armageddon to occur according to Rutherford?

question: How many Jehovah's Witnesses were there as of 1935?

question: How many Jehovah's Witnesses had there been in 1914?

question: In what year did Rutherford die?


text: Norfolk Island (i/ˈnɔːrfək ˈaɪlənd/; Norfuk: Norf'k Ailen) is a small island in the Pacific Ocean located between Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia, 1,412 kilometres (877 mi) directly east of mainland Australia's Evans Head, and about 900 kilometres (560 mi) from Lord Howe Island. The island is part of the Commonwealth of Australia. Together with two neighbouring islands, it forms one of Australia's external territories. It has 1,796 inhabitants living on a total area of about 35 km2 (14 sq mi). Its capital is Kingston.

title: Norfolk_Island

title: Norfolk_Island

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: i/ˈnɔːrfək

text: ˈaɪlənd/

text: Norfuk

text: Norf'k

text: Ailen

text: is

text: a

text: small

text: island

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: located

text: between

text: Australia

text: New

text: Zealand

text: and

text: New

text: Caledonia

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: directly

text: east

text: of

text: mainland

text: Australia

text: 's

text: Evans

text: Head

text: and

text: about

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: from

text: Lord

text: Howe

text: Island

text: The

text: island

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Australia

text: Together

text: with

text: two

text: neighbouring

text: islands

text: it

text: forms

text: one

text: of

text: Australia

text: 's

text: external

text: territories

text: It

text: has

text: inhabitants

text: living

text: on

text: a

text: total

text: area

text: of

text: about

text: sq

text: mi

text: Its

text: capital

text: is

text: Kingston

question: In what ocean is Norfolk Island found?

answer: Pacific Ocean

text: Pacific Ocean

question: How far away is the nearest land mass to Norfolk Island?

answer: about 900 kilometres (560 mi)

text: about 900 kilometres (560 mi)

question: What is the capital city of Norfolk Island?

answer: Kingston

text: Kingston

question: How many people live on Norfolk Island?

answer: 1,796

question: How far away is Evans Head from Norfolk Island?

answer: 1,412 kilometres (877 mi)

text: 1,412 kilometres (877 mi)

question: What ocean is Norfolk Island relocated from?

text: Pacific Ocean

question: How far away is the furthest land mass to Norfolk Island?

text: about 900 kilometres (560 mi)

question: What is the only city of Norfolk Island?

text: Kingston

question: How many people have left Norfolk Island?

question: Which island has no capital city?

text: Norfolk Island


text: One of the most spectacular examples of obligate mutualism is between the siboglinid tube worms and symbiotic bacteria that live at hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. The worm has no digestive tract and is wholly reliant on its internal symbionts for nutrition. The bacteria oxidize either hydrogen sulfide or methane, which the host supplies to them. These worms were discovered in the late 1980s at the hydrothermal vents near the Galapagos Islands and have since been found at deep-sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in all of the world's oceans.

title: Symbiosis

title: Symbiosis

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: spectacular

text: examples

text: of

text: obligate

text: mutualism

text: is

text: between

text: the

text: siboglinid

text: tube

text: worms

text: and

text: symbiotic

text: bacteria

text: that

text: live

text: at

text: hydrothermal

text: vents

text: and

text: cold

text: seeps

text: The

text: worm

text: has

text: no

text: digestive

text: tract

text: and

text: is

text: wholly

text: reliant

text: on

text: its

text: internal

text: symbionts

text: for

text: nutrition

text: The

text: bacteria

text: oxidize

text: either

text: hydrogen

text: sulfide

text: or

text: methane

text: which

text: the

text: host

text: supplies

text: to

text: them

text: These

text: worms

text: were

text: discovered

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: at

text: the

text: hydrothermal

text: vents

text: near

text: the

text: Galapagos

text: Islands

text: and

text: have

text: since

text: been

text: found

text: at

text: deep

text: sea

text: hydrothermal

text: vents

text: and

text: cold

text: seeps

text: in

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: oceans

question: When were the worms found?

answer: the late 1980s

text: the late 1980s

question: What does the bacteria give the worm?

answer: nutrition

text: nutrition

question: What land is near the worms' first known location?

answer: the Galapagos Islands

text: the Galapagos Islands

question: From where do the host obtain the hydrogen sulfide or methane?

text: hydrothermal vents

question: When were the Galapagos Islands discovered?

text: the late 1980s

question: What is the relationship between the siboglinid tube worms and the hydrothermal vents?

text: obligate mutualism

question: When were the symbiotic bacteria discovered?

text: the late 1980s

question: Where does the symbiotic bacteria get nutrition from?

text: siboglinid tube worms


text: The nation's military relies heavily on high-tech weapons systems designed and manufactured in Israel as well as some foreign imports. The Arrow missile is one of the world's few operational anti-ballistic missile systems. The Python air-to-air missile series is often considered one of the most crucial weapons in its military history. Israel's Spike missile is one of the most widely exported ATGMs in the world. Israel's Iron Dome anti-missile air defense system gained worldwide acclaim after intercepting hundreds of Qassam, 122 mm Grad and Fajr-5 artillery rockets fire by Palestinian militants from the Gaza Strip. Since the Yom Kippur War, Israel has developed a network of reconnaissance satellites. The success of the Ofeq program has made Israel one of seven countries capable of launching such satellites.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: The

text: nation

text: 's

text: military

text: relies

text: heavily

text: on

text: high

text: tech

text: weapons

text: systems

text: designed

text: and

text: manufactured

text: in

text: Israel

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: some

text: foreign

text: imports

text: The

text: Arrow

text: missile

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: few

text: operational

text: anti

text: ballistic

text: missile

text: systems

text: The

text: Python

text: air

text: to

text: air

text: missile

text: series

text: is

text: often

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: crucial

text: weapons

text: in

text: its

text: military

text: history

text: Israel

text: 's

text: Spike

text: missile

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: exported

text: ATGMs

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Israel

text: 's

text: Iron

text: Dome

text: anti

text: missile

text: air

text: defense

text: system

text: gained

text: worldwide

text: acclaim

text: after

text: intercepting

text: hundreds

text: of

text: Qassam

text: mm

text: Grad

text: and

text: artillery

text: rockets

text: fire

text: by

text: Palestinian

text: militants

text: from

text: the

text: Gaza

text: Strip

text: Since

text: the

text: Yom

text: Kippur

text: War

text: Israel

text: has

text: developed

text: a

text: network

text: of

text: reconnaissance

text: satellites

text: The

text: success

text: of

text: the

text: Ofeq

text: program

text: has

text: made

text: Israel

text: one

text: of

text: seven

text: countries

text: capable

text: of

text: launching

text: such

text: satellites

question: The military relies on what?

answer: high-tech weapons systems

text: high-tech weapons systems

question: What is one of the most crucial weapons in Israel's military history?

answer: Python air-to-air missile series

text: Python air-to-air missile series

question: The success of what program has made Israel one of seven countries capable of launching satellites?

answer: Ofeq

text: Ofeq


text: Other scholars[who?] suggest that these arguments are flawed, ignores history and more laws will do more harm than good. According to them, child labour is merely the symptom of a greater disease named poverty. If laws ban all lawful work that enables the poor to survive, informal economy, illicit operations and underground businesses will thrive. These will increase abuse of the children. In poor countries with very high incidence rates of child labour - such as Ethiopia, Chad, Niger and Nepal - schools are not available, and the few schools that exist offer poor quality education or are unaffordable. The alternatives for children who currently work, claim these studies, are worse: grinding subsistence farming, militia or prostitution. Child labour is not a choice, it is a necessity, the only option for survival. It is currently the least undesirable of a set of very bad choices.

title: Child_labour

title: Child_labour

text: Other

text: scholars[who

text: suggest

text: that

text: these

text: arguments

text: are

text: flawed

text: ignores

text: history

text: and

text: more

text: laws

text: will

text: do

text: more

text: harm

text: than

text: good

text: According

text: to

text: them

text: child

text: labour

text: is

text: merely

text: the

text: symptom

text: of

text: a

text: greater

text: disease

text: named

text: poverty

text: If

text: laws

text: ban

text: all

text: lawful

text: work

text: that

text: enables

text: the

text: poor

text: to

text: survive

text: informal

text: economy

text: illicit

text: operations

text: and

text: underground

text: businesses

text: will

text: thrive

text: These

text: will

text: increase

text: abuse

text: of

text: the

text: children

text: In

text: poor

text: countries

text: with

text: very

text: high

text: incidence

text: rates

text: of

text: child

text: labour

text: such

text: as

text: Ethiopia

text: Chad

text: Niger

text: and

text: Nepal

text: schools

text: are

text: not

text: available

text: and

text: the

text: few

text: schools

text: that

text: exist

text: offer

text: poor

text: quality

text: education

text: or

text: are

text: unaffordable

text: The

text: alternatives

text: for

text: children

text: who

text: currently

text: work

text: claim

text: these

text: studies

text: are

text: worse

text: grinding

text: subsistence

text: farming

text: militia

text: or

text: prostitution

text: Child

text: labour

text: is

text: not

text: a

text: choice

text: it

text: is

text: a

text: necessity

text: the

text: only

text: option

text: for

text: survival

text: It

text: is

text: currently

text: the

text: least

text: undesirable

text: of

text: a

text: set

text: of

text: very

text: bad

text: choices

question: What do some scholars agress is the "disease" of child labour?

answer: poverty

text: poverty

question: Do these scholars argue for or against ending child labour?

answer: These will increase abuse of the children. In poor countries with very high incidence rates of child labour

text: These will increase abuse of the children. In poor countries with very high incidence rates of child labour

question: What do these scholars argue for keeping child labour as a practice?

answer: only option for survival

text: only option for survival


text: Cuba, like many Spanish territories, wanted to break free from Spain. A pro-independence movement in Cuba was supported by the U.S., and Cuban guerrilla leaders wanted annexation to the United States, but Cuban revolutionary leader José Martí called for Cuban nationhood. When the U.S. battleship Maine sank in Havana Harbor, the U.S. blamed Spain and the Spanish–American War broke out in 1898. After the U.S. won, Spain relinquished claim of sovereignty over territories, including Cuba. The U.S. administered Cuba as a protectorate until 1902. Several decades later in 1959, the corrupt Cuban government of U.S.-backed Fulgencio Batista was overthrown by Fidel Castro. Castro installed a Marxist–Leninist government allied with the Soviet Union, which has been in power ever since.

title: 51st_state

title: 51st_state

text: Cuba

text: like

text: many

text: Spanish

text: territories

text: wanted

text: to

text: break

text: free

text: from

text: Spain

text: A

text: pro

text: independence

text: movement

text: in

text: Cuba

text: was

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: Cuban

text: guerrilla

text: leaders

text: wanted

text: annexation

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: but

text: Cuban

text: revolutionary

text: leader

text: José

text: Martí

text: called

text: for

text: Cuban

text: nationhood

text: When

text: the

text: U.S.

text: battleship

text: Maine

text: sank

text: in

text: Havana

text: Harbor

text: the

text: U.S.

text: blamed

text: Spain

text: and

text: the

text: Spanish

text: American

text: War

text: broke

text: out

text: in

text: After

text: the

text: U.S.

text: won

text: Spain

text: relinquished

text: claim

text: of

text: sovereignty

text: over

text: territories

text: including

text: Cuba

text: The

text: U.S.

text: administered

text: Cuba

text: as

text: a

text: protectorate

text: until

text: Several

text: decades

text: later

text: in

text: the

text: corrupt

text: Cuban

text: government

text: of

text: U.S

text: backed

text: Fulgencio

text: Batista

text: was

text: overthrown

text: by

text: Fidel

text: Castro

text: Castro

text: installed

text: a

text: Marxist

text: Leninist

text: government

text: allied

text: with

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: in

text: power

text: ever

text: since

question: What country was Cuba a territory of?

answer: Spain

text: Spain

question: What battleship sunk in the Havana Harbor?

answer: Maine

text: Maine

question: When did Fidel Castro overthrow the Cuban government?

answer: 1959

question: What government did Castro install?

answer: Marxist–Leninist government

text: Marxist–Leninist government

question: What country was Maine a territory of?

text: Spain

question: What battleship sunk in the Spain Harbor?

text: Maine

question: When did Fulgencio Batista overthrow the Cuban government?

question: What government did Batista install?

text: Marxist–Leninist government

question: Who wanted to break from the U.S.?

text: Cuba


text: The 1989 film Back to the Future Part II depicts the Chicago Cubs defeating a baseball team from Miami in the 2015 World Series, ending the longest championship drought in all four of the major North American professional sports leagues. In 2015, the Miami Marlins failed to make the playoffs and were able to make it to the 2015 National League Wild Card round and move on to the 2015 National League Championship Series by October 21, 2015, the date where protagonist Marty McFly traveled to the future in the film. However, it was on October 21 that the Cubs were swept by the New York Mets in the NLCS.

title: Chicago_Cubs

title: Chicago_Cubs

text: The

text: film

text: Back

text: to

text: the

text: Future

text: Part

text: II

text: depicts

text: the

text: Chicago

text: Cubs

text: defeating

text: a

text: baseball

text: team

text: from

text: Miami

text: in

text: the

text: World

text: Series

text: ending

text: the

text: longest

text: championship

text: drought

text: in

text: all

text: four

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: North

text: American

text: professional

text: sports

text: leagues

text: In

text: the

text: Miami

text: Marlins

text: failed

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: playoffs

text: and

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: make

text: it

text: to

text: the

text: National

text: League

text: Wild

text: Card

text: round

text: and

text: move

text: on

text: to

text: the

text: National

text: League

text: Championship

text: Series

text: by

text: October

text: the

text: date

text: where

text: protagonist

text: Marty

text: McFly

text: traveled

text: to

text: the

text: future

text: in

text: the

text: film

text: However

text: it

text: was

text: on

text: October

text: that

text: the

text: Cubs

text: were

text: swept

text: by

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Mets

text: in

text: the

text: NLCS

question: What film depicts the Chicago Cubs defeating a baseball team from Miami in the 2015 World Series?

answer: Back to the Future Part II

text: Back to the Future Part II

question: What team failed to make it to the playoffs in 2015?

answer: Miami Marlins

text: Miami Marlins

question: What day were the Cubs swept by the New York Mets in the NLCS?

answer: October 21

text: October 21


text: The U.S. Eisenhower administration condemned the tripartite invasion, and supported UN resolutions demanding withdrawal and a United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) to be stationed in Sinai. Nasser commended Eisenhower, stating he played the "greatest and most decisive role" in stopping the "tripartite conspiracy". By the end of December, British and French forces had totally withdrawn from Egyptian territory, while Israel completed its withdrawal in March 1957 and released all Egyptian prisoners of war. As a result of the Suez Crisis, Nasser brought in a set of regulations imposing rigorous requirements for residency and citizenship as well as forced expulsions, mostly affecting British and French nationals and Jews with foreign nationality, as well as some Egyptian Jews.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: The

text: U.S.

text: Eisenhower

text: administration

text: condemned

text: the

text: tripartite

text: invasion

text: and

text: supported

text: UN

text: resolutions

text: demanding

text: withdrawal

text: and

text: a

text: United

text: Nations

text: Emergency

text: Force

text: UNEF

text: to

text: be

text: stationed

text: in

text: Sinai

text: Nasser

text: commended

text: Eisenhower

text: stating

text: he

text: played

text: the

text: greatest

text: and

text: most

text: decisive

text: role

text: in

text: stopping

text: the

text: tripartite

text: conspiracy

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: December

text: British

text: and

text: French

text: forces

text: had

text: totally

text: withdrawn

text: from

text: Egyptian

text: territory

text: while

text: Israel

text: completed

text: its

text: withdrawal

text: in

text: March

text: and

text: released

text: all

text: Egyptian

text: prisoners

text: of

text: war

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: Suez

text: Crisis

text: Nasser

text: brought

text: in

text: a

text: set

text: of

text: regulations

text: imposing

text: rigorous

text: requirements

text: for

text: residency

text: and

text: citizenship

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: forced

text: expulsions

text: mostly

text: affecting

text: British

text: and

text: French

text: nationals

text: and

text: Jews

text: with

text: foreign

text: nationality

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: some

text: Egyptian

text: Jews

question: What country was opposed to the invasion of the canal?

answer: U.S.

text: U.S.

question: What leader did Nasser applaud?

answer: Eisenhower

text: Eisenhower

question: What military force was brought in to calm the situation?

answer: United Nations Emergency Force

text: United Nations Emergency Force

question: What did Nasser impose as a result of the conflict?

answer: rigorous requirements for residency

text: rigorous requirements for residency


text: Meanwhile, in Renaissance Italy, a new period in the history of translation had opened in Florence with the arrival, at the court of Cosimo de' Medici, of the Byzantine scholar Georgius Gemistus Pletho shortly before the fall of Constantinople to the Turks (1453). A Latin translation of Plato's works was undertaken by Marsilio Ficino. This and Erasmus' Latin edition of the New Testament led to a new attitude to translation. For the first time, readers demanded rigor of rendering, as philosophical and religious beliefs depended on the exact words of Plato, Aristotle and Jesus.

title: Translation

title: Translation

text: Meanwhile

text: in

text: Renaissance

text: Italy

text: a

text: new

text: period

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: translation

text: had

text: opened

text: in

text: Florence

text: with

text: the

text: arrival

text: at

text: the

text: court

text: of

text: Cosimo

text: de

text: Medici

text: of

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: scholar

text: Georgius

text: Gemistus

text: Pletho

text: shortly

text: before

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: Constantinople

text: to

text: the

text: Turks

text: A

text: Latin

text: translation

text: of

text: Plato

text: 's

text: works

text: was

text: undertaken

text: by

text: Marsilio

text: Ficino

text: This

text: and

text: Erasmus

text: Latin

text: edition

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: Testament

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: new

text: attitude

text: to

text: translation

text: For

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: readers

text: demanded

text: rigor

text: of

text: rendering

text: as

text: philosophical

text: and

text: religious

text: beliefs

text: depended

text: on

text: the

text: exact

text: words

text: of

text: Plato

text: Aristotle

text: and

text: Jesus

question: Whose court did Pletho arrive in and begin a new period of translation in Renaissance Italy?

answer: Cosimo de' Medici

text: Cosimo de' Medici

question: What title did Georgius Gemistus Pletho carry?

answer: Byzantine scholar

text: Byzantine scholar

question: When did Constantinople fall to the Turks?

answer: 1453

question: Who undertook translating Plato's works to Latin?

answer: Marsilio Ficino

text: Marsilio Ficino

question: What did religious beliefs depend upon when it came to Plato, Aristotle and Jesus?

answer: the exact words

text: the exact words

question: Whose court did Pletho buy and begin a new period of translation in Renaissance Italy?

text: Cosimo de' Medici

question: What title did Georgius Gemistus Pletho lose status as?

text: Byzantine scholar

question: When did Constantinople defeat the Turks?

question: Who couldn't translate Plato's works to Latin?

text: Marsilio Ficino

question: What did scientific beliefs depend upon when it came to Plato, Aristotle and Jesus?

text: the exact words


text: In 2002 Switzerland became a full member of the United Nations, leaving the Vatican City as the last widely recognised state without full UN membership. Switzerland is a founding member of the EFTA, but is not a member of the European Economic Area. An application for membership in the European Union was sent in May 1992, but not advanced since the EEA was rejected in December 1992 when Switzerland was the only country to launch a referendum on the EEA. There have since been several referenda on the EU issue; due to a mixed reaction from the population the membership application has been frozen. Nonetheless, Swiss law is gradually being adjusted to conform with that of the EU, and the government has signed a number of bilateral agreements with the European Union. Switzerland, together with Liechtenstein, has been completely surrounded by the EU since Austria's entry in 1995. On 5 June 2005, Swiss voters agreed by a 55% majority to join the Schengen treaty, a result that was regarded by EU commentators as a sign of support by Switzerland, a country that is traditionally perceived as independent and reluctant to enter supranational bodies.

title: Switzerland

title: Switzerland

text: In

text: Switzerland

text: became

text: a

text: full

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: leaving

text: the

text: Vatican

text: City

text: as

text: the

text: last

text: widely

text: recognised

text: state

text: without

text: full

text: UN

text: membership

text: Switzerland

text: is

text: a

text: founding

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: EFTA

text: but

text: is

text: not

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Economic

text: Area

text: An

text: application

text: for

text: membership

text: in

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: was

text: sent

text: in

text: May

text: but

text: not

text: advanced

text: since

text: the

text: EEA

text: was

text: rejected

text: in

text: December

text: when

text: Switzerland

text: was

text: the

text: only

text: country

text: to

text: launch

text: a

text: referendum

text: on

text: the

text: EEA

text: There

text: have

text: since

text: been

text: several

text: referenda

text: on

text: the

text: EU

text: issue

text: due

text: to

text: a

text: mixed

text: reaction

text: from

text: the

text: population

text: the

text: membership

text: application

text: has

text: been

text: frozen

text: Nonetheless

text: Swiss

text: law

text: is

text: gradually

text: being

text: adjusted

text: to

text: conform

text: with

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: EU

text: and

text: the

text: government

text: has

text: signed

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: bilateral

text: agreements

text: with

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: Switzerland

text: together

text: with

text: Liechtenstein

text: has

text: been

text: completely

text: surrounded

text: by

text: the

text: EU

text: since

text: Austria

text: 's

text: entry

text: in

text: On

text: June

text: Swiss

text: voters

text: agreed

text: by

text: a

text: majority

text: to

text: join

text: the

text: Schengen

text: treaty

text: a

text: result

text: that

text: was

text: regarded

text: by

text: EU

text: commentators

text: as

text: a

text: sign

text: of

text: support

text: by

text: Switzerland

text: a

text: country

text: that

text: is

text: traditionally

text: perceived

text: as

text: independent

text: and

text: reluctant

text: to

text: enter

text: supranational

text: bodies

question: In what year did Switzerland become a full member of the United Nations?

answer: 2002

question: What did Swiss voters agree to join on June 5, 2005?

answer: Schengen treaty

text: Schengen treaty

question: What percentage of Swiss voters voted to join the Schengen treaty?

answer: 55%

question: Though Switzerland is a founding member of the EFTA, what are they not a member of?

answer: European Economic Area

text: European Economic Area

question: What has completely surrounded Switzerland and Liechtenstein since 1995?

answer: the EU

text: the EU


text: As of the 2010 U.S. Census, there were 113,394 people, 45,634 households, and 21,704 families residing in the city. The population density was 4,270.33 people per square mile (2653.47/km²). There were 49,982 housing units at an average density of 1,748.0 per square mile (675.0/km²), making it less densely populated than inner-ring Detroit suburbs like Oak Park and Ferndale (and than Detroit proper), but more densely populated than outer-ring suburbs like Livonia or Troy. The racial makeup of the city was 73.0% White (70.4% non-Hispanic White), 7.7% Black or African American, 0.3% Native American, 14.4% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 1.0% from other races, and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 4.1% of the population.

title: Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

title: Ann_Arbor,_Michigan

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Census

text: there

text: were

text: people

text: households

text: and

text: families

text: residing

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: population

text: density

text: was

text: people

text: per

text: square

text: mile

text: There

text: were

text: housing

text: units

text: at

text: an

text: average

text: density

text: of

text: per

text: square

text: mile

text: making

text: it

text: less

text: densely

text: populated

text: than

text: inner

text: ring

text: Detroit

text: suburbs

text: like

text: Oak

text: Park

text: and

text: Ferndale

text: and

text: than

text: Detroit

text: proper

text: but

text: more

text: densely

text: populated

text: than

text: outer

text: ring

text: suburbs

text: like

text: Livonia

text: or

text: Troy

text: The

text: racial

text: makeup

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: White

text: non

text: Hispanic

text: White

text: Black

text: or

text: African

text: American

text: Native

text: American

text: Asian

text: Pacific

text: Islander

text: from

text: other

text: races

text: and

text: from

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: races

text: Hispanic

text: or

text: Latino

text: residents

text: of

text: any

text: race

text: were

text: of

text: the

text: population

question: What is the population density of the city?

answer: 4,270.33 people per square mile

text: 4,270.33 people per square mile

question: What percentage makes up for the whites living in the city?

answer: 73.0%

question: Which parts of the city of Detroit are densely populated?

answer: Oak Park and Ferndale

text: Oak Park and Ferndale

question: During what census were there 21,407 families residing in the city?

question: What inner-ring suburbs were less densely populated than Ann Arbor?

question: What outer-ring suburbs were more densely populated than Ann Arbor?

text: Livonia or Troy

question: The white makeup of the city was 37.0% white during which U.S. Census?


text: The return of former player George Graham as manager in 1986 brought a third period of glory. Arsenal won the League Cup in 1987, Graham's first season in charge. This was followed by a League title win in 1988–89, won with a last-minute goal in the final game of the season against fellow title challengers Liverpool. Graham's Arsenal won another title in 1990–91, losing only one match, won the FA Cup and League Cup double in 1993, and a second European trophy, the European Cup Winners' Cup, in 1994. Graham's reputation was tarnished when he was found to have taken kickbacks from agent Rune Hauge for signing certain players, and he was dismissed in 1995. His replacement, Bruce Rioch, lasted for only one season, leaving the club after a dispute with the board of directors.

title: Arsenal_F.C.

title: Arsenal_F.C.

text: The

text: return

text: of

text: former

text: player

text: George

text: Graham

text: as

text: manager

text: in

text: brought

text: a

text: third

text: period

text: of

text: glory

text: Arsenal

text: won

text: the

text: League

text: Cup

text: in

text: Graham

text: 's

text: first

text: season

text: in

text: charge

text: This

text: was

text: followed

text: by

text: a

text: League

text: title

text: win

text: in

text: won

text: with

text: a

text: last

text: minute

text: goal

text: in

text: the

text: final

text: game

text: of

text: the

text: season

text: against

text: fellow

text: title

text: challengers

text: Liverpool

text: Graham

text: 's

text: Arsenal

text: won

text: another

text: title

text: in

text: losing

text: only

text: one

text: match

text: won

text: the

text: FA

text: Cup

text: and

text: League

text: Cup

text: double

text: in

text: and

text: a

text: second

text: European

text: trophy

text: the

text: European

text: Cup

text: Winners

text: Cup

text: in

text: Graham

text: 's

text: reputation

text: was

text: tarnished

text: when

text: he

text: was

text: found

text: to

text: have

text: taken

text: kickbacks

text: from

text: agent

text: Rune

text: Hauge

text: for

text: signing

text: certain

text: players

text: and

text: he

text: was

text: dismissed

text: in

text: His

text: replacement

text: Bruce

text: Rioch

text: lasted

text: for

text: only

text: one

text: season

text: leaving

text: the

text: club

text: after

text: a

text: dispute

text: with

text: the

text: board

text: of

text: directors

question: What former Arsenal player became manager in 1986?

answer: George Graham

text: George Graham

question: Under the direction of Graham, what trophy did Arsenal win in 1987?

answer: League Cup

text: League Cup

question: What competitor did Arsenal defeat to win a league title in the 1988-89 season?

answer: Liverpool

text: Liverpool

question: In what year did Arsenal win their second European cup?

answer: 1994

question: What action did Graham get caught doing to get fired by Arsenal?

answer: kickbacks

text: kickbacks

question: In what year did George Graham first play for Arsenal?

question: Where was the League Cup played in 1987?

text: Liverpool

question: What was one of the player Rune Hauge gave money to George Graham to sign?

text: Bruce Rioch

question: Who did Arsenal beat for their 1990-91 title?

text: Liverpool

question: Who did Arsenal beat for their 1994 European Cup match?

text: Liverpool


text: Smaller boats and ships typically have machine-guns or fast cannons, which can often be deadly to low-flying aircraft if linked to a radar-directed fire-control system radar-controlled cannon for point defence. Some vessels like Aegis cruisers are as much a threat to aircraft as any land-based air defence system. In general, naval vessels should be treated with respect by aircraft, however the reverse is equally true. Carrier battle groups are especially well defended, as not only do they typically consist of many vessels with heavy air defence armament but they are also able to launch fighter jets for combat air patrol overhead to intercept incoming airborne threats.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: Smaller

text: boats

text: and

text: ships

text: typically

text: have

text: machine

text: guns

text: or

text: fast

text: cannons

text: which

text: can

text: often

text: be

text: deadly

text: to

text: low

text: flying

text: aircraft

text: if

text: linked

text: to

text: a

text: radar

text: directed

text: fire

text: control

text: system

text: radar

text: controlled

text: cannon

text: for

text: point

text: defence

text: Some

text: vessels

text: like

text: Aegis

text: cruisers

text: are

text: as

text: much

text: a

text: threat

text: to

text: aircraft

text: as

text: any

text: land

text: based

text: air

text: defence

text: system

text: In

text: general

text: naval

text: vessels

text: should

text: be

text: treated

text: with

text: respect

text: by

text: aircraft

text: however

text: the

text: reverse

text: is

text: equally

text: true

text: Carrier

text: battle

text: groups

text: are

text: especially

text: well

text: defended

text: as

text: not

text: only

text: do

text: they

text: typically

text: consist

text: of

text: many

text: vessels

text: with

text: heavy

text: air

text: defence

text: armament

text: but

text: they

text: are

text: also

text: able

text: to

text: launch

text: fighter

text: jets

text: for

text: combat

text: air

text: patrol

text: overhead

text: to

text: intercept

text: incoming

text: airborne

text: threats

question: What kind of weapons can usually be found on smaller boats and ships?

answer: machine-guns or fast cannons

text: machine-guns or fast cannons

question: These weapons can be deadly to aircraft that is low if it is linked to what?

answer: a radar-directed fire-control system radar-controlled cannon for point defence

text: a radar-directed fire-control system radar-controlled cannon for point defence

question: What type of ships are particularly well defended?

answer: Carrier battle groups

text: Carrier battle groups

question: Carrier battle groups can launch what to intercept incoming threats?

answer: fighter jets

text: fighter jets


text: Biodiversity, a contraction of "biological diversity," generally refers to the variety and variability of life on Earth. One of the most widely used definitions defines it in terms of the variability within species, between species, and between ecosystems. It is a measure of the variety of organisms present in different ecosystems. This can refer to genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation (number of species) within an area, biome, or planet. Terrestrial biodiversity tends to be greater near the equator, which seems to be the result of the warm climate and high primary productivity. Biodiversity is not distributed evenly on Earth. It is richest in the tropics. Marine biodiversity tends to be highest along coasts in the Western Pacific, where sea surface temperature is highest and in the mid-latitudinal band in all oceans. There are latitudinal gradients in species diversity. Biodiversity generally tends to cluster in hotspots, and has been increasing through time, but will be likely to slow in the future.

title: Biodiversity

title: Biodiversity

text: Biodiversity

text: a

text: contraction

text: of

text: biological

text: diversity

text: generally

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: variety

text: and

text: variability

text: of

text: life

text: on

text: Earth

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: used

text: definitions

text: defines

text: it

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: the

text: variability

text: within

text: species

text: between

text: species

text: and

text: between

text: ecosystems

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: measure

text: of

text: the

text: variety

text: of

text: organisms

text: present

text: in

text: different

text: ecosystems

text: This

text: can

text: refer

text: to

text: genetic

text: variation

text: ecosystem

text: variation

text: or

text: species

text: variation

text: number

text: of

text: species

text: within

text: an

text: area

text: biome

text: or

text: planet

text: Terrestrial

text: biodiversity

text: tends

text: to

text: be

text: greater

text: near

text: the

text: equator

text: which

text: seems

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: warm

text: climate

text: and

text: high

text: primary

text: productivity

text: Biodiversity

text: is

text: not

text: distributed

text: evenly

text: on

text: Earth

text: It

text: is

text: richest

text: in

text: the

text: tropics

text: Marine

text: biodiversity

text: tends

text: to

text: be

text: highest

text: along

text: coasts

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: Pacific

text: where

text: sea

text: surface

text: temperature

text: is

text: highest

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: mid

text: latitudinal

text: band

text: in

text: all

text: oceans

text: There

text: are

text: latitudinal

text: gradients

text: in

text: species

text: diversity

text: Biodiversity

text: generally

text: tends

text: to

text: cluster

text: in

text: hotspots

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: increasing

text: through

text: time

text: but

text: will

text: be

text: likely

text: to

text: slow

text: in

text: the

text: future

question: What term refers to  the variety and variability of life on Earth?

answer: Biodiversity

text: Biodiversity

question: What types of variations does Biodiversity refer to?

answer: genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation

text: genetic variation, ecosystem variation, or species variation

question: What type of biodiversity happens near the equator?

answer: Terrestrial biodiversity

text: Terrestrial biodiversity

question: Where on Earth is biodiversity the most abundnant?

answer: It is richest in the tropics.

text: It is richest in the tropics.

question: Where is sea surface temperature the highest?

answer: along coasts in the Western Pacific

text: along coasts in the Western Pacific

question: What term refers to the temperature of life on earth?

text: Biodiversity

question: What types of temperature does Biodiversity refer to?

question: What type of temperature happens near the equator?

text: Terrestrial

question: Where on earth does temperature have the most variety?

text: the tropics

question: Where is sea surface biodiversity the highest?

text: along coasts in the Western Pacific


text: According to a Forbes article written in 2013 Employment in the "Old North State" has gained many different industry sectors. See the following article summary: science, technology, energy and math, or STEM, industries in the area surrounding North Carolina's capital have grown 17.9 percent since 2001, placing Raleigh-Cary at No. 5 among the 51 largest metro areas in the country where technology is booming. In 2010 North Carolina's total gross state product was $424.9 billion, while the state debt in November 2012, according to one source, totalled US$2.4bn, while according to another, was in 2012 US$57.8bn. In 2011 the civilian labor force was at around 4.5 million with employment near 4.1 million. The working population is employed across the major employment sectors. The economy of North Carolina covers 15 metropolitan areas. In 2010, North Carolina was chosen as the third-best state for business by Forbes Magazine, and the second-best state by Chief Executive Officer Magazine.

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: According

text: to

text: a

text: Forbes

text: article

text: written

text: in

text: Employment

text: in

text: the

text: Old

text: North

text: State

text: has

text: gained

text: many

text: different

text: industry

text: sectors

text: See

text: the

text: following

text: article

text: summary

text: science

text: technology

text: energy

text: and

text: math

text: or

text: STEM

text: industries

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: surrounding

text: North

text: Carolina

text: 's

text: capital

text: have

text: grown

text: percent

text: since

text: placing

text: Raleigh

text: Cary

text: at

text: No

text: among

text: the

text: largest

text: metro

text: areas

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: where

text: technology

text: is

text: booming

text: In

text: North

text: Carolina

text: 's

text: total

text: gross

text: state

text: product

text: was

text: billion

text: while

text: the

text: state

text: debt

text: in

text: November

text: according

text: to

text: one

text: source

text: totalled

text: US$

text: while

text: according

text: to

text: another

text: was

text: in

text: US$

text: In

text: the

text: civilian

text: labor

text: force

text: was

text: at

text: around

text: million

text: with

text: employment

text: near

text: million

text: The

text: working

text: population

text: is

text: employed

text: across

text: the

text: major

text: employment

text: sectors

text: The

text: economy

text: of

text: North

text: Carolina

text: covers

text: metropolitan

text: areas

text: In

text: North

text: Carolina

text: was

text: chosen

text: as

text: the

text: third

text: best

text: state

text: for

text: business

text: by

text: Forbes

text: Magazine

text: and

text: the

text: second

text: best

text: state

text: by

text: Chief

text: Executive

text: Officer

text: Magazine

question: What is the Nickname given to North Carolina?

answer: Old North State

text: Old North State

question: Science, Technology, energy, and math industries have risen what percent since 2001?

answer: 17.9

question: What is raleigh-Cary ranked among the 51 largest metro areas in the country?

answer: 5

question: What was North Carolinas gross state product in 2010?

answer: $424.9 billion

text: $424.9 billion

question: What was North Carolinas state debt in 2012?

answer: $2.4bn


text: Russian distinguishes between consonant phonemes with palatal secondary articulation and those without, the so-called soft and hard sounds. This distinction is found between pairs of almost all consonants and is one of the most distinguishing features of the language. Another important aspect is the reduction of unstressed vowels. Stress, which is unpredictable, is not normally indicated orthographically though an optional acute accent (знак ударения, znak udareniya) may be used to mark stress, such as to distinguish between homographic words, for example замо́к (zamok, meaning a lock) and за́мок (zamok, meaning a castle), or to indicate the proper pronunciation of uncommon words or names.

title: Russian_language

title: Russian_language

text: Russian

text: distinguishes

text: between

text: consonant

text: phonemes

text: with

text: palatal

text: secondary

text: articulation

text: and

text: those

text: without

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: soft

text: and

text: hard

text: sounds

text: This

text: distinction

text: is

text: found

text: between

text: pairs

text: of

text: almost

text: all

text: consonants

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: distinguishing

text: features

text: of

text: the

text: language

text: Another

text: important

text: aspect

text: is

text: the

text: reduction

text: of

text: unstressed

text: vowels

text: Stress

text: which

text: is

text: unpredictable

text: is

text: not

text: normally

text: indicated

text: orthographically

text: though

text: an

text: optional

text: acute

text: accent

text: знак

text: ударения

text: znak

text: udareniya

text: may

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: mark

text: stress

text: such

text: as

text: to

text: distinguish

text: between

text: homographic

text: words

text: for

text: example

text: замо́к

text: zamok

text: meaning

text: a

text: lock

text: and

text: за́мок

text: zamok

text: meaning

text: a

text: castle

text: or

text: to

text: indicate

text: the

text: proper

text: pronunciation

text: of

text: uncommon

text: words

text: or

text: names

question: What kind of phonemes are soft sounds?

answer: consonant phonemes with palatal secondary articulation

text: consonant phonemes with palatal secondary articulation

question: What kind of accent can mark stress?

answer: optional acute accent

text: optional acute accent

question: What kind of words can acute accents distinguish?

answer: homographic words

text: homographic words

question: What word means both lock and castle, depending on its accent?

answer: zamok

text: zamok

question: What kind of phenomes are uncommon words?

question: Where are uncommon words usually found?

text: between pairs of almost all consonants

question: What feature of the language is an uncommon word considered?

text: distinguishing

question: What are uncommon words or names considered to be and not usually indicated?

text: unpredictable

question: What is an uncommon word used to mark?

text: stress


text: Drinking habits and the motives behind them often reflect certain aspects of an individual's personality; in fact, four dimensions of the Five-Factor Model of personality demonstrate associations with drinking motives (all but 'Openness'). Greater enhancement motives for alcohol consumption tend to reflect high levels of extraversion and sensation-seeking in individuals; such enjoyment motivation often also indicates low conscientiousness, manifesting in lowered inhibition and a greater tendency towards aggression. On the other hand, drinking to cope with negative emotional states correlates strongly with high neuroticism and low agreeableness. Alcohol use as a negative emotion control mechanism often links with many other behavioral and emotional impairments, such as anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: Drinking

text: habits

text: and

text: the

text: motives

text: behind

text: them

text: often

text: reflect

text: certain

text: aspects

text: of

text: an

text: individual

text: 's

text: personality

text: in

text: fact

text: four

text: dimensions

text: of

text: the

text: Five

text: Factor

text: Model

text: of

text: personality

text: demonstrate

text: associations

text: with

text: drinking

text: motives

text: all

text: but

text: Openness

text: Greater

text: enhancement

text: motives

text: for

text: alcohol

text: consumption

text: tend

text: to

text: reflect

text: high

text: levels

text: of

text: extraversion

text: and

text: sensation

text: seeking

text: in

text: individuals

text: such

text: enjoyment

text: motivation

text: often

text: also

text: indicates

text: low

text: conscientiousness

text: manifesting

text: in

text: lowered

text: inhibition

text: and

text: a

text: greater

text: tendency

text: towards

text: aggression

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: drinking

text: to

text: cope

text: with

text: negative

text: emotional

text: states

text: correlates

text: strongly

text: with

text: high

text: neuroticism

text: and

text: low

text: agreeableness

text: Alcohol

text: use

text: as

text: a

text: negative

text: emotion

text: control

text: mechanism

text: often

text: links

text: with

text: many

text: other

text: behavioral

text: and

text: emotional

text: impairments

text: such

text: as

text: anxiety

text: depression

text: and

text: low

text: self

text: esteem

question: Which of the Five-Factor Model dimensions does not demonstrate an association with drinking motives?

answer: Openness

text: Openness

question: Is alcohol use a positive or negative emotion control mechanism?

answer: negative

text: negative

question: Which motivation for drinking alcohol results in low conscientiousness, lowered inhibition, and greater tendency towards aggression?

answer: enjoyment

text: enjoyment

question: Drinking to cope with negative emotional states correlates strongly with what behavioral qualities?

answer: high neuroticism and low agreeableness

text: high neuroticism and low agreeableness


text: Hydrogen is a chemical element with chemical symbol H and atomic number 1. With an atomic weight of 7000100794000000000♠1.00794 u, hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the Universe, constituting roughly 75% of all baryonic mass.[note 1] Non-remnant stars are mainly composed of hydrogen in its plasma state. The most common isotope of hydrogen, termed protium (name rarely used, symbol 1H), has one proton and no neutrons.

title: Hydrogen

title: Hydrogen

text: Hydrogen

text: is

text: a

text: chemical

text: element

text: with

text: chemical

text: symbol

text: H

text: and

text: atomic

text: number

text: With

text: an

text: atomic

text: weight

text: of

text: u

text: hydrogen

text: is

text: the

text: lightest

text: element

text: on

text: the

text: periodic

text: table

text: Its

text: monatomic

text: form

text: H

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: abundant

text: chemical

text: substance

text: in

text: the

text: Universe

text: constituting

text: roughly

text: of

text: all

text: baryonic

text: mass.[note

text: Non

text: remnant

text: stars

text: are

text: mainly

text: composed

text: of

text: hydrogen

text: in

text: its

text: plasma

text: state

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: isotope

text: of

text: hydrogen

text: termed

text: protium

text: name

text: rarely

text: used

text: symbol

text: has

text: one

text: proton

text: and

text: no

text: neutrons

question: What is hydrogens chemical symbol?

answer: H

text: H

question: What is the atomic number used for hydrogen?

answer: 1

question: What is the atomic weight for hydrogen?

answer: 7000100794000000000♠1.00794 u

text: 7000100794000000000♠1.00794 u

question: What element is considered the lightest?

answer: Hydrogen

text: Hydrogen


text: Long a major population center and site of worldwide automobile manufacturing, Detroit has suffered a long economic decline produced by numerous factors. Like many industrial American cities, Detroit reached its population peak in the 1950 census. The peak population was 1.8 million people. Following suburbanization, industrial restructuring, and loss of jobs (as described above), by the 2010 census, the city had less than 40 percent of that number, with just over 700,000 residents. The city has declined in population in each census since 1950.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: Long

text: a

text: major

text: population

text: center

text: and

text: site

text: of

text: worldwide

text: automobile

text: manufacturing

text: Detroit

text: has

text: suffered

text: a

text: long

text: economic

text: decline

text: produced

text: by

text: numerous

text: factors

text: Like

text: many

text: industrial

text: American

text: cities

text: Detroit

text: reached

text: its

text: population

text: peak

text: in

text: the

text: census

text: The

text: peak

text: population

text: was

text: million

text: people

text: Following

text: suburbanization

text: industrial

text: restructuring

text: and

text: loss

text: of

text: jobs

text: as

text: described

text: above

text: by

text: the

text: census

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: less

text: than

text: percent

text: of

text: that

text: number

text: with

text: just

text: over

text: residents

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: declined

text: in

text: population

text: in

text: each

text: census

text: since

question: In which year did Detroit's population peak?

answer: 1950

question: What was the population of Detroit in 1950?

answer: 1.8 million

text: 1.8 million

question: By how much in percent has the population of Detroit declined since 1950?

answer: 40

question: What was the population of Detroit in 2010?

answer: 700,000


text: According to FIG rules, only women compete in rhythmic gymnastics. This is a sport that combines elements of ballet, gymnastics, dance, and apparatus manipulation. The sport involves the performance of five separate routines with the use of five apparatus; ball, ribbon, hoop, clubs, rope—on a floor area, with a much greater emphasis on the aesthetic rather than the acrobatic. There are also group routines consisting of 5 gymnasts and 5 apparatuses of their choice. Rhythmic routines are scored out of a possible 30 points; the score for artistry (choreography and music) is averaged with the score for difficulty of the moves and then added to the score for execution.

title: Gymnastics

title: Gymnastics

text: According

text: to

text: FIG

text: rules

text: only

text: women

text: compete

text: in

text: rhythmic

text: gymnastics

text: This

text: is

text: a

text: sport

text: that

text: combines

text: elements

text: of

text: ballet

text: gymnastics

text: dance

text: and

text: apparatus

text: manipulation

text: The

text: sport

text: involves

text: the

text: performance

text: of

text: five

text: separate

text: routines

text: with

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: five

text: apparatus

text: ball

text: ribbon

text: hoop

text: clubs

text: rope

text: on

text: a

text: floor

text: area

text: with

text: a

text: much

text: greater

text: emphasis

text: on

text: the

text: aesthetic

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: acrobatic

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: group

text: routines

text: consisting

text: of

text: gymnasts

text: and

text: apparatuses

text: of

text: their

text: choice

text: Rhythmic

text: routines

text: are

text: scored

text: out

text: of

text: a

text: possible

text: points

text: the

text: score

text: for

text: artistry

text: choreography

text: and

text: music

text: is

text: averaged

text: with

text: the

text: score

text: for

text: difficulty

text: of

text: the

text: moves

text: and

text: then

text: added

text: to

text: the

text: score

text: for

text: execution

question: What rules state that only women can compete in rhythmic gymastics?

answer: FIG

text: FIG

question: What does rhythmic gymastics combine together?

answer: ballet, gymnastics, dance, and apparatus manipulation

text: ballet, gymnastics, dance, and apparatus manipulation

question: What five seperate apparatuses are used in the five separate routines?

answer: ball, ribbon, hoop, clubs, rope

text: ball, ribbon, hoop, clubs, rope

question: Which is more focused on, aesthetics or acrobatics?

answer: aesthetic

text: aesthetic

question: How many possible points are there for rhythmic routines?

answer: 30 points

text: 30 points

question: What rules determine what women are allowed to wear?

text: FIG rules

question: What places a greater emphasis on the acrobatic rather than the aesthetic?

text: rhythmic gymnastics

question: What items do men use?

text: ball, ribbon, hoop, clubs, rope

question: What sport combines elements of jumping, bars, and tumbling?

text: rhythmic gymnastics

question: How many points do gymnasts need to get to the second round?

text: 30 points


text: Mutualism or interspecies reciprocal altruism is a relationship between individuals of different species where both individuals benefit. In general, only lifelong interactions involving close physical and biochemical contact can properly be considered symbiotic. Mutualistic relationships may be either obligate for both species, obligate for one but facultative for the other, or facultative for both. Many biologists restrict the definition of symbiosis to close mutualist relationships.

title: Symbiosis

title: Symbiosis

text: Mutualism

text: or

text: interspecies

text: reciprocal

text: altruism

text: is

text: a

text: relationship

text: between

text: individuals

text: of

text: different

text: species

text: where

text: both

text: individuals

text: benefit

text: In

text: general

text: only

text: lifelong

text: interactions

text: involving

text: close

text: physical

text: and

text: biochemical

text: contact

text: can

text: properly

text: be

text: considered

text: symbiotic

text: Mutualistic

text: relationships

text: may

text: be

text: either

text: obligate

text: for

text: both

text: species

text: obligate

text: for

text: one

text: but

text: facultative

text: for

text: the

text: other

text: or

text: facultative

text: for

text: both

text: Many

text: biologists

text: restrict

text: the

text: definition

text: of

text: symbiosis

text: to

text: close

text: mutualist

text: relationships

question: What is another term for mutualism?

answer: interspecies reciprocal altruism

text: interspecies reciprocal altruism

question: Of what duration are symbiotic relationships?

answer: lifelong

text: lifelong

question: What is a term for a relationship between individuals of the same species where both individuals benefit?

text: Mutualism

question: Who restricts the definition of symbiosis to indicate both obligate and facultative concurrently?

text: biologists

question: What time span involving gradual biochemical contact can properly be considered symbiotic?

text: lifelong

question: What must interspecies reciprocal altruism be considered to fit the the definition of symbiosis?

text: facultative

question: What mutualistic relationships fit the the definition of symbiosis?

text: obligate


text: Banking services are provided by the National Bank of Tuvalu. Public sector workers make up about 65% of those formally employed. Remittances from Tuvaluans living in Australia and New Zealand, and remittances from Tuvaluan sailors employed on overseas ships are important sources of income for Tuvaluans. Approximately 15% of adult males work as seamen on foreign-flagged merchant ships. Agriculture in Tuvalu is focused on coconut trees and growing pulaka in large pits of composted soil below the water table. Tuvaluans are otherwise involved in traditional subsistence agriculture and fishing.

title: Tuvalu

title: Tuvalu

text: Banking

text: services

text: are

text: provided

text: by

text: the

text: National

text: Bank

text: of

text: Tuvalu

text: Public

text: sector

text: workers

text: make

text: up

text: about

text: of

text: those

text: formally

text: employed

text: Remittances

text: from

text: Tuvaluans

text: living

text: in

text: Australia

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: and

text: remittances

text: from

text: Tuvaluan

text: sailors

text: employed

text: on

text: overseas

text: ships

text: are

text: important

text: sources

text: of

text: income

text: for

text: Tuvaluans

text: Approximately

text: of

text: adult

text: males

text: work

text: as

text: seamen

text: on

text: foreign

text: flagged

text: merchant

text: ships

text: Agriculture

text: in

text: Tuvalu

text: is

text: focused

text: on

text: coconut

text: trees

text: and

text: growing

text: pulaka

text: in

text: large

text: pits

text: of

text: composted

text: soil

text: below

text: the

text: water

text: table

text: Tuvaluans

text: are

text: otherwise

text: involved

text: in

text: traditional

text: subsistence

text: agriculture

text: and

text: fishing

question: What business provides banking services on Tuvalu?

answer: National Bank of Tuvalu

text: National Bank of Tuvalu

question: What percentage of the Tuvalu workforce is in the public sector?

answer: 65%

question: Where are many of those who provide income to residents earning?

answer: overseas

text: overseas

question: How do 15% of male Tuvaluans earn their income?

answer: seamen

text: seamen

question: What are the traditional forms of living employed by Tuvaluans?

answer: agriculture and fishing.

text: agriculture and fishing.


text: The finale is the two-hour last episode of the season, culminating in revealing the winner. For seasons one, three through six, and fourteen, it was broadcast from the Dolby Theatre, which has an audience capacity of approximately 3,400. The finale for season two took place at the Gibson Amphitheatre, which has an audience capacity of over 6,000. In seasons seven through thirteen, the venue was at the Nokia Theatre, which holds an audience of over 7,000.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: The

text: finale

text: is

text: the

text: two

text: hour

text: last

text: episode

text: of

text: the

text: season

text: culminating

text: in

text: revealing

text: the

text: winner

text: For

text: seasons

text: one

text: three

text: through

text: six

text: and

text: fourteen

text: it

text: was

text: broadcast

text: from

text: the

text: Dolby

text: Theatre

text: which

text: has

text: an

text: audience

text: capacity

text: of

text: approximately

text: The

text: finale

text: for

text: season

text: two

text: took

text: place

text: at

text: the

text: Gibson

text: Amphitheatre

text: which

text: has

text: an

text: audience

text: capacity

text: of

text: over

text: In

text: seasons

text: seven

text: through

text: thirteen

text: the

text: venue

text: was

text: at

text: the

text: Nokia

text: Theatre

text: which

text: holds

text: an

text: audience

text: of

text: over

question: What venue was the American Idol season seven finale held at?

answer: the Nokia Theatre

text: the Nokia Theatre

question: How many people can attend an American Idol finale at the Dolby Theatre?

answer: 3,400

question: In what episode is the winner of American Idol revealed?

answer: The finale

text: The finale

question: Where was the season one finale broadcast from?

answer: Dolby Theatre

text: Dolby Theatre

question: How many audience members can fit in Dolby Theatre?

answer: 3,400

question: What is the capacity for Gibson Ampitheatre?

answer: 6,000

question: For seasons 7-13, the season finale was held where?

answer: Nokia Theatre

text: Nokia Theatre


text: On Saturday, 24 June 1950, U.S. Secretary of State Dean Acheson informed President Truman that the North Koreans had invaded South Korea. Truman and Acheson discussed a U.S. invasion response and agreed that the United States was obligated to act, paralleling the North Korean invasion with Adolf Hitler's aggressions in the 1930s, with the conclusion being that the mistake of appeasement must not be repeated. Several U.S. industries were mobilized to supply materials, labor, capital, production facilities, and other services necessary to support the military objectives of the Korean War. However, President Truman later acknowledged that he believed fighting the invasion was essential to the American goal of the global containment of communism as outlined in the National Security Council Report 68 (NSC-68) (declassified in 1975):

title: Korean_War

title: Korean_War

text: On

text: Saturday

text: June

text: U.S.

text: Secretary

text: of

text: State

text: Dean

text: Acheson

text: informed

text: President

text: Truman

text: that

text: the

text: North

text: Koreans

text: had

text: invaded

text: South

text: Korea

text: Truman

text: and

text: Acheson

text: discussed

text: a

text: U.S.

text: invasion

text: response

text: and

text: agreed

text: that

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: was

text: obligated

text: to

text: act

text: paralleling

text: the

text: North

text: Korean

text: invasion

text: with

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: aggressions

text: in

text: the

text: with

text: the

text: conclusion

text: being

text: that

text: the

text: mistake

text: of

text: appeasement

text: must

text: not

text: be

text: repeated

text: Several

text: U.S.

text: industries

text: were

text: mobilized

text: to

text: supply

text: materials

text: labor

text: capital

text: production

text: facilities

text: and

text: other

text: services

text: necessary

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: military

text: objectives

text: of

text: the

text: Korean

text: War

text: However

text: President

text: Truman

text: later

text: acknowledged

text: that

text: he

text: believed

text: fighting

text: the

text: invasion

text: was

text: essential

text: to

text: the

text: American

text: goal

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: containment

text: of

text: communism

text: as

text: outlined

text: in

text: the

text: National

text: Security

text: Council

text: Report

text: declassified

text: in

question: Which Secretary of State did President Truman hold discussions about how the US would respond to the invasion of South Korea?

answer: Dean Acheson

text: Dean Acheson

question: The North Korean invasion of South Korea was compared to what event?

answer: Adolf Hitler's aggressions

text: Adolf Hitler's aggressions

question: What did the US not want to see repeated?

answer: the mistake of appeasement

text: the mistake of appeasement

question: The US involvement in the Korean War was important to achieving what goal?

answer: the global containment of communism

text: the global containment of communism

question: What report discussed the United States's goals for containing communism?

answer: National Security Council Report 68

text: National Security Council Report 68


text: For centuries, various peoples in modern-day Nigeria traded overland with traders from North Africa. Cities in the area became regional centres in a broad network of trade routes that spanned western, central and northern Africa. In the 16th century, Spanish and Portuguese explorers were the first Europeans to begin significant, direct trade with peoples of modern-day Nigeria, at the port they named Lagos and in Calabar. Europeans traded goods with peoples at the coast; coastal trade with Europeans also marked the beginnings of the Atlantic slave trade. The port of Calabar on the historical Bight of Biafra (now commonly referred to as the Bight of Bonny) become one of the largest slave trading posts in West Africa in the era of the transatlantic slave trade. Other major slaving ports in Nigeria were located in Badagry, Lagos on the Bight of Benin and on Bonny Island on the Bight of Biafra. The majority of those enslaved and taken to these ports were captured in raids and wars. Usually the captives were taken back to the conquerors' territory as forced labour; after time, they were sometimes acculturated and absorbed into the conquerors' society. A number of slave routes were established throughout Nigeria linking the hinterland areas with the major coastal ports. Some of the more prolific slave traders were linked with the Oyo Empire in the southwest, the Aro Confederacy in the southeast and the Sokoto Caliphate in the north.

title: Nigeria

title: Nigeria

text: For

text: centuries

text: various

text: peoples

text: in

text: modern

text: day

text: Nigeria

text: traded

text: overland

text: with

text: traders

text: from

text: North

text: Africa

text: Cities

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: became

text: regional

text: centres

text: in

text: a

text: broad

text: network

text: of

text: trade

text: routes

text: that

text: spanned

text: western

text: central

text: and

text: northern

text: Africa

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: Spanish

text: and

text: Portuguese

text: explorers

text: were

text: the

text: first

text: Europeans

text: to

text: begin

text: significant

text: direct

text: trade

text: with

text: peoples

text: of

text: modern

text: day

text: Nigeria

text: at

text: the

text: port

text: they

text: named

text: Lagos

text: and

text: in

text: Calabar

text: Europeans

text: traded

text: goods

text: with

text: peoples

text: at

text: the

text: coast

text: coastal

text: trade

text: with

text: Europeans

text: also

text: marked

text: the

text: beginnings

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: slave

text: trade

text: The

text: port

text: of

text: Calabar

text: on

text: the

text: historical

text: Bight

text: of

text: Biafra

text: now

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Bight

text: of

text: Bonny

text: become

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: slave

text: trading

text: posts

text: in

text: West

text: Africa

text: in

text: the

text: era

text: of

text: the

text: transatlantic

text: slave

text: trade

text: Other

text: major

text: slaving

text: ports

text: in

text: Nigeria

text: were

text: located

text: in

text: Badagry

text: Lagos

text: on

text: the

text: Bight

text: of

text: Benin

text: and

text: on

text: Bonny

text: Island

text: on

text: the

text: Bight

text: of

text: Biafra

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: those

text: enslaved

text: and

text: taken

text: to

text: these

text: ports

text: were

text: captured

text: in

text: raids

text: and

text: wars

text: Usually

text: the

text: captives

text: were

text: taken

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: conquerors

text: territory

text: as

text: forced

text: labour

text: after

text: time

text: they

text: were

text: sometimes

text: acculturated

text: and

text: absorbed

text: into

text: the

text: conquerors

text: society

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: slave

text: routes

text: were

text: established

text: throughout

text: Nigeria

text: linking

text: the

text: hinterland

text: areas

text: with

text: the

text: major

text: coastal

text: ports

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: more

text: prolific

text: slave

text: traders

text: were

text: linked

text: with

text: the

text: Oyo

text: Empire

text: in

text: the

text: southwest

text: the

text: Aro

text: Confederacy

text: in

text: the

text: southeast

text: and

text: the

text: Sokoto

text: Caliphate

text: in

text: the

text: north

question: What region has Nigeria traded with for centuries?

answer: North Africa

text: North Africa

question: Which countries' explorers were the first Europeans to trade with Nigeria?

answer: Spanish and Portuguese

text: Spanish and Portuguese

question: Calabar is on which historical Bight?

answer: Biafra

text: Biafra

question: What is the current name of the Bight of Biafra?

answer: Bight of Bonny

text: Bight of Bonny

question: Who were the major slave traders through Nigeria from the southwest?

answer: Oyo Empire

text: Oyo Empire


text: British Prime Minister William Pitt's focus on the colonies for the 1758 campaign paid off with the taking of Louisbourg after French reinforcements were blocked by British naval victory in the Battle of Cartagena and in the successful capture of Fort Duquesne and Fort Frontenac. The British also continued the process of deporting the Acadian population with a wave of major operations against Île Saint-Jean (present-day Prince Edward Island), the St. John River valley, and the Petitcodiac River valley. The celebration of these successes was dampened by their embarrassing defeat in the Battle of Carillon (Ticonderoga), in which 4,000 French troops repulsed 16,000 British.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: British

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: William

text: Pitt

text: 's

text: focus

text: on

text: the

text: colonies

text: for

text: the

text: campaign

text: paid

text: off

text: with

text: the

text: taking

text: of

text: Louisbourg

text: after

text: French

text: reinforcements

text: were

text: blocked

text: by

text: British

text: naval

text: victory

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Cartagena

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: successful

text: capture

text: of

text: Fort

text: Duquesne

text: and

text: Fort

text: Frontenac

text: The

text: British

text: also

text: continued

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: deporting

text: the

text: Acadian

text: population

text: with

text: a

text: wave

text: of

text: major

text: operations

text: against

text: Île

text: Saint

text: Jean

text: present

text: day

text: Prince

text: Edward

text: Island

text: the

text: St.

text: John

text: River

text: valley

text: and

text: the

text: Petitcodiac

text: River

text: valley

text: The

text: celebration

text: of

text: these

text: successes

text: was

text: dampened

text: by

text: their

text: embarrassing

text: defeat

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Carillon

text: Ticonderoga

text: in

text: which

text: French

text: troops

text: repulsed

text: British

question: How did the British assure numerical superiority in taking Louisbourg?

answer: French reinforcements were blocked by British naval victory in the Battle of Cartagena

text: French reinforcements were blocked by British naval victory in the Battle of Cartagena

question: Identify two other French possessions captured by the British.

answer: Fort Duquesne and Fort Frontenac

text: Fort Duquesne and Fort Frontenac

question: Who did the British deport from Lie Saint-Jean?

answer: the Acadian population

text: the Acadian population

question: What is Lie Saint-Jean called today?

answer: Île Saint-Jean (present-day Prince Edward Island)

text: Île Saint-Jean (present-day Prince Edward Island)

question: How much were the French outnumbered at the Battle of Carillion?

answer: 4,000 French troops repulsed 16,000 British

text: 4,000 French troops repulsed 16,000 British


text: As a ray of white sunlight travels through the atmosphere to the eye, some of the colors are scattered out of the beam by air molecules and airborne particles due to Rayleigh scattering, changing the final color of the beam that is seen. Colors with a shorter wavelength, such as blue and green, scatter more strongly, and are removed from the light that finally reaches the eye. At sunrise and sunset, when the path of the sunlight through the atmosphere to the eye is longest, the blue and green components are removed almost completely, leaving the longer wavelength orange and red light. The remaining reddened sunlight can also be scattered by cloud droplets and other relatively large particles, which give the sky above the horizon its red glow.

title: Red

title: Red

text: As

text: a

text: ray

text: of

text: white

text: sunlight

text: travels

text: through

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: to

text: the

text: eye

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: colors

text: are

text: scattered

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: beam

text: by

text: air

text: molecules

text: and

text: airborne

text: particles

text: due

text: to

text: Rayleigh

text: scattering

text: changing

text: the

text: final

text: color

text: of

text: the

text: beam

text: that

text: is

text: seen

text: Colors

text: with

text: a

text: shorter

text: wavelength

text: such

text: as

text: blue

text: and

text: green

text: scatter

text: more

text: strongly

text: and

text: are

text: removed

text: from

text: the

text: light

text: that

text: finally

text: reaches

text: the

text: eye

text: At

text: sunrise

text: and

text: sunset

text: when

text: the

text: path

text: of

text: the

text: sunlight

text: through

text: the

text: atmosphere

text: to

text: the

text: eye

text: is

text: longest

text: the

text: blue

text: and

text: green

text: components

text: are

text: removed

text: almost

text: completely

text: leaving

text: the

text: longer

text: wavelength

text: orange

text: and

text: red

text: light

text: The

text: remaining

text: reddened

text: sunlight

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: scattered

text: by

text: cloud

text: droplets

text: and

text: other

text: relatively

text: large

text: particles

text: which

text: give

text: the

text: sky

text: above

text: the

text: horizon

text: its

text: red

text: glow

question: What type of scattering is responsible for the shift in the color of sunlight?

answer: Rayleigh

text: Rayleigh

question: What occurs to colors of short wavelengths in Rayleigh scattering?

answer: scatter more strongly

text: scatter more strongly

question: What is the effect on blue and green light experiencing Rayleigh scattering during sunrise?

answer: removed almost completely

text: removed almost completely

question: In comparison to blue and green, what would describe the wavelength of orange or red light?

answer: longer

text: longer

question: Why does white sunlight travel through the atmosphere?

text: due to Rayleigh scattering

question: How do colors with longer wavelengths scatter?

text: more strongly

question: What colors have a longer wavelength than orange and red?

text: blue and green

question: What colors have shorter wavelengths than blue and green?

text: orange and red