text: Despite Martin Luther's harsh polemics against his Roman Catholic opponents over issues concerning Mary and the saints, theologians appear to agree that Luther adhered to the Marian decrees of the ecumenical councils and dogmas of the church. He held fast to the belief that Mary was a perpetual virgin and the Theotokos or Mother of God. Special attention is given to the assertion that Luther, some three-hundred years before the dogmatization of the Immaculate Conception by Pope Pius IX in 1854, was a firm adherent of that view. Others maintain that Luther in later years changed his position on the Immaculate Conception, which, at that time was undefined in the Church, maintaining however the sinlessness of Mary throughout her life. For Luther, early in his life, the Assumption of Mary was an understood fact, although he later stated that the Bible did not say anything about it and stopped celebrating its feast. Important to him was the belief that Mary and the saints do live on after death. "Throughout his career as a priest-professor-reformer, Luther preached, taught, and argued about the veneration of Mary with a verbosity that ranged from childlike piety to sophisticated polemics. His views are intimately linked to his Christocentric theology and its consequences for liturgy and piety." Luther, while revering Mary, came to criticize the "Papists" for blurring the line, between high admiration of the grace of God wherever it is seen in a human being, and religious service given to another creature. He considered the Roman Catholic practice of celebrating saints' days and making intercessory requests addressed especially to Mary and other departed saints to be idolatry. His final thoughts on Marian devotion and veneration are preserved in a sermon preached at Wittenberg only a month before his death:

title: Mary_(mother_of_Jesus)

title: Mary_(mother_of_Jesus

text: Despite

text: Martin

text: Luther

text: 's

text: harsh

text: polemics

text: against

text: his

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: opponents

text: over

text: issues

text: concerning

text: Mary

text: and

text: the

text: saints

text: theologians

text: appear

text: to

text: agree

text: that

text: Luther

text: adhered

text: to

text: the

text: Marian

text: decrees

text: of

text: the

text: ecumenical

text: councils

text: and

text: dogmas

text: of

text: the

text: church

text: He

text: held

text: fast

text: to

text: the

text: belief

text: that

text: Mary

text: was

text: a

text: perpetual

text: virgin

text: and

text: the

text: Theotokos

text: or

text: Mother

text: of

text: God

text: Special

text: attention

text: is

text: given

text: to

text: the

text: assertion

text: that

text: Luther

text: some

text: three

text: hundred

text: years

text: before

text: the

text: dogmatization

text: of

text: the

text: Immaculate

text: Conception

text: by

text: Pope

text: Pius

text: IX

text: in

text: was

text: a

text: firm

text: adherent

text: of

text: that

text: view

text: Others

text: maintain

text: that

text: Luther

text: in

text: later

text: years

text: changed

text: his

text: position

text: on

text: the

text: Immaculate

text: Conception

text: which

text: at

text: that

text: time

text: was

text: undefined

text: in

text: the

text: Church

text: maintaining

text: however

text: the

text: sinlessness

text: of

text: Mary

text: throughout

text: her

text: life

text: For

text: Luther

text: early

text: in

text: his

text: life

text: the

text: Assumption

text: of

text: Mary

text: was

text: an

text: understood

text: fact

text: although

text: he

text: later

text: stated

text: that

text: the

text: Bible

text: did

text: not

text: say

text: anything

text: about

text: it

text: and

text: stopped

text: celebrating

text: its

text: feast

text: Important

text: to

text: him

text: was

text: the

text: belief

text: that

text: Mary

text: and

text: the

text: saints

text: do

text: live

text: on

text: after

text: death

text: Throughout

text: his

text: career

text: as

text: a

text: priest

text: professor

text: reformer

text: Luther

text: preached

text: taught

text: and

text: argued

text: about

text: the

text: veneration

text: of

text: Mary

text: with

text: a

text: verbosity

text: that

text: ranged

text: from

text: childlike

text: piety

text: to

text: sophisticated

text: polemics

text: His

text: views

text: are

text: intimately

text: linked

text: to

text: his

text: Christocentric

text: theology

text: and

text: its

text: consequences

text: for

text: liturgy

text: and

text: piety

text: Luther

text: while

text: revering

text: Mary

text: came

text: to

text: criticize

text: the

text: Papists

text: for

text: blurring

text: the

text: line

text: between

text: high

text: admiration

text: of

text: the

text: grace

text: of

text: God

text: wherever

text: it

text: is

text: seen

text: in

text: a

text: human

text: being

text: and

text: religious

text: service

text: given

text: to

text: another

text: creature

text: He

text: considered

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: practice

text: of

text: celebrating

text: saints

text: days

text: and

text: making

text: intercessory

text: requests

text: addressed

text: especially

text: to

text: Mary

text: and

text: other

text: departed

text: saints

text: to

text: be

text: idolatry

text: His

text: final

text: thoughts

text: on

text: Marian

text: devotion

text: and

text: veneration

text: are

text: preserved

text: in

text: a

text: sermon

text: preached

text: at

text: Wittenberg

text: only

text: a

text: month

text: before

text: his

text: death

question: Who wrote polemics regarding Roman Catholic beliefs about Mary?

answer: Martin Luther

text: Martin Luther

question: In which year was the Immaculate Conception dogmatized?

answer: 1854

question: Which pope was responsible for the dogmatization of the Immaculate Conception?

answer: Pope Pius IX

text: Pope Pius IX

question: What does Theotokos mean?

answer: Mother of God

text: Mother of God

question: Where did Martin Luther preach a sermon on Marian devotion a month before his death?

answer: Wittenberg

text: Wittenberg

question: For how many years were the Roman Catholic opponents adhering to the Marian decrees?

text: three-hundred years

question: What year did Martin Luther preach at Wittenberg?

question: In what year did Martin Luther stop celebrating Marian feasts?

question: With whom did Martin Luther argue about the veneration of Mary?

text: Pope Pius IX

question: Who criticized Luther for revering Mary and for blurring the line?

text: Papists


text: Uranium is more plentiful than antimony, tin, cadmium, mercury, or silver, and it is about as abundant as arsenic or molybdenum. Uranium is found in hundreds of minerals, including uraninite (the most common uranium ore), carnotite, autunite, uranophane, torbernite, and coffinite. Significant concentrations of uranium occur in some substances such as phosphate rock deposits, and minerals such as lignite, and monazite sands in uranium-rich ores (it is recovered commercially from sources with as little as 0.1% uranium).

title: Uranium

title: Uranium

text: Uranium

text: is

text: more

text: plentiful

text: than

text: antimony

text: tin

text: cadmium

text: mercury

text: or

text: silver

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: about

text: as

text: abundant

text: as

text: arsenic

text: or

text: molybdenum

text: Uranium

text: is

text: found

text: in

text: hundreds

text: of

text: minerals

text: including

text: uraninite

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: uranium

text: ore

text: carnotite

text: autunite

text: uranophane

text: torbernite

text: and

text: coffinite

text: Significant

text: concentrations

text: of

text: uranium

text: occur

text: in

text: some

text: substances

text: such

text: as

text: phosphate

text: rock

text: deposits

text: and

text: minerals

text: such

text: as

text: lignite

text: and

text: monazite

text: sands

text: in

text: uranium

text: rich

text: ores

text: it

text: is

text: recovered

text: commercially

text: from

text: sources

text: with

text: as

text: little

text: as

text: uranium

question: Along with arsenic, what metal is roughly as abundant as uranium?

answer: molybdenum

text: molybdenum

question: Along with silver, mercury, tin and cadmium, what metal is uranium more plentiful than?

answer: antimony

text: antimony

question: What is the most prevalent uranium ore?

answer: uraninite

text: uraninite

question: What mineral sometimes contains uranium?

answer: lignite

text: lignite

question: What types of rocks sometimes contain uranium?

answer: phosphate

text: phosphate

question: Along with arsenic, what metal is less abundant as uranium?

text: molybdenum

question: Along with silver, mercury, tin and cadmium, what metal is uranium less plentiful than?

text: antimony

question: What is the least prevalent uranium ore?

text: uraninite

question: What mineral always contains uranium?

text: lignite

question: What types of rocks never contain uranium?

text: phosphate


text: So an additional problem beyond canceling the unwanted reactance is of matching the remaining resistive impedance to the characteristic impedance of the transmission line. In principle this can always be done with a transformer, however the turns ratio of a transformer is not adjustable. A general matching network with at least two adjustments can be made to correct both components of impedance. Matching networks using discrete inductors and capacitors will have losses associated with those components, and will have power restrictions when used for transmitting. Avoiding these difficulties, commercial antennas are generally designed with fixed matching elements or feeding strategies to get an approximate match to standard coax, such as 50 or 75 Ohms. Antennas based on the dipole (rather than vertical antennas) should include a balun in between the transmission line and antenna element, which may be integrated into any such matching network.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: So

text: an

text: additional

text: problem

text: beyond

text: canceling

text: the

text: unwanted

text: reactance

text: is

text: of

text: matching

text: the

text: remaining

text: resistive

text: impedance

text: to

text: the

text: characteristic

text: impedance

text: of

text: the

text: transmission

text: line

text: In

text: principle

text: this

text: can

text: always

text: be

text: done

text: with

text: a

text: transformer

text: however

text: the

text: turns

text: ratio

text: of

text: a

text: transformer

text: is

text: not

text: adjustable

text: A

text: general

text: matching

text: network

text: with

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: adjustments

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: to

text: correct

text: both

text: components

text: of

text: impedance

text: Matching

text: networks

text: using

text: discrete

text: inductors

text: and

text: capacitors

text: will

text: have

text: losses

text: associated

text: with

text: those

text: components

text: and

text: will

text: have

text: power

text: restrictions

text: when

text: used

text: for

text: transmitting

text: Avoiding

text: these

text: difficulties

text: commercial

text: antennas

text: are

text: generally

text: designed

text: with

text: fixed

text: matching

text: elements

text: or

text: feeding

text: strategies

text: to

text: get

text: an

text: approximate

text: match

text: to

text: standard

text: coax

text: such

text: as

text: or

text: Ohms

text: Antennas

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: dipole

text: rather

text: than

text: vertical

text: antennas

text: should

text: include

text: a

text: balun

text: in

text: between

text: the

text: transmission

text: line

text: and

text: antenna

text: element

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: integrated

text: into

text: any

text: such

text: matching

text: network

question: What is not adjustable when it comes to a transformer?

answer: turns ratio

text: turns ratio

question: A general matching network needs a minimum of how many adjustments to correct all components of impedance?

answer: two adjustments

text: two adjustments

question: How many ohms are in are in a standard coax?

answer: 50 or 75

text: 50 or 75

question: What is included between the transmission line and the antenna element?

answer: balun

text: balun

question: A balun should be integrated into what?

answer: matching network

text: matching network


text: The term heresy is from Greek αἵρεσις originally meant "choice" or "thing chosen", but it came to mean the "party or school of a man's choice" and also referred to that process whereby a young person would examine various philosophies to determine how to live. The word "heresy" is usually used within a Christian, Jewish, or Islamic context, and implies slightly different meanings in each. The founder or leader of a heretical movement is called a heresiarch, while individuals who espouse heresy or commit heresy are known as heretics. Heresiology is the study of heresy.

title: Heresy

title: Heresy

text: The

text: term

text: heresy

text: is

text: from

text: Greek

text: αἵρεσις

text: originally

text: meant

text: choice

text: or

text: thing

text: chosen

text: but

text: it

text: came

text: to

text: mean

text: the

text: party

text: or

text: school

text: of

text: a

text: man

text: 's

text: choice

text: and

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: that

text: process

text: whereby

text: a

text: young

text: person

text: would

text: examine

text: various

text: philosophies

text: to

text: determine

text: how

text: to

text: live

text: The

text: word

text: heresy

text: is

text: usually

text: used

text: within

text: a

text: Christian

text: Jewish

text: or

text: Islamic

text: context

text: and

text: implies

text: slightly

text: different

text: meanings

text: in

text: each

text: The

text: founder

text: or

text: leader

text: of

text: a

text: heretical

text: movement

text: is

text: called

text: a

text: heresiarch

text: while

text: individuals

text: who

text: espouse

text: heresy

text: or

text: commit

text: heresy

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: heretics

text: Heresiology

text: is

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: heresy

question: What language does the term heresy find its roots in?

answer: Greek

text: Greek

question: What is the relationship between the context heresy is used in for Christian, Jewish, or Islamic cultures?

answer: slightly different

text: slightly different

question: What is the head person of a heretical movement called?

answer: heresiarch

text: heresiarch

question: What is the study of heresy?

answer: Heresiology

text: Heresiology

question: What is the original meaning of heresy when translated directly from its root word?

answer: "choice" or "thing chosen"

text: "choice" or "thing chosen"

question: What does heresey mean in Latin?

text: "choice" or "thing chosen",

question: What is the term for the process by wich a person learns to live a religious life?

text: heresy

question: What three religions have the same meaning for heresy?

text: Christian, Jewish, or Islamic

question: Whhat is the sudy of how to live?

text: Heresiology


text: Influential gospel/R&B-influenced Aly-us released "Time Passes On" in 1993 (Strictly Rhythm), then later, "Follow Me" which received radio airplay as well as being played in clubs. Another U.S. hit which received radio play was the single "Time for the Perculator" by Cajmere, which became the prototype of ghetto house subgenre. Cajmere started the Cajual and Relief labels (amongst others). By the early 1990s artists such as Cajmere himself (under that name as well as Green Velvet and as producer for Dajae), DJ Sneak, Glenn Underground and others did many recordings. The 1990s saw new Chicago house artists emerge such as DJ Funk, who operates a Chicago house record label called Dance Mania. Ghetto house and acid house were other house music styles that were also started in Chicago.

title: House_music

title: House_music

text: Influential

text: gospel

text: R&B

text: influenced

text: Aly

text: us

text: released

text: Time

text: Passes

text: On

text: in

text: Strictly

text: Rhythm

text: then

text: later

text: Follow

text: Me

text: which

text: received

text: radio

text: airplay

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: being

text: played

text: in

text: clubs

text: Another

text: U.S.

text: hit

text: which

text: received

text: radio

text: play

text: was

text: the

text: single

text: Time

text: for

text: the

text: Perculator

text: by

text: Cajmere

text: which

text: became

text: the

text: prototype

text: of

text: ghetto

text: house

text: subgenre

text: Cajmere

text: started

text: the

text: Cajual

text: and

text: Relief

text: labels

text: amongst

text: others

text: By

text: the

text: early

text: artists

text: such

text: as

text: Cajmere

text: himself

text: under

text: that

text: name

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Green

text: Velvet

text: and

text: as

text: producer

text: for

text: Dajae

text: DJ

text: Sneak

text: Glenn

text: Underground

text: and

text: others

text: did

text: many

text: recordings

text: The

text: saw

text: new

text: Chicago

text: house

text: artists

text: emerge

text: such

text: as

text: DJ

text: Funk

text: who

text: operates

text: a

text: Chicago

text: house

text: record

text: label

text: called

text: Dance

text: Mania

text: Ghetto

text: house

text: and

text: acid

text: house

text: were

text: other

text: house

text: music

text: styles

text: that

text: were

text: also

text: started

text: in

text: Chicago

question: What gospel/R&B-influenced group released "Time Passes On" in 1993?

answer: Aly-us

text: Aly-us

question: who released the hit single "time for the perculator" in the us?

answer: Cajmere

text: Cajmere

question: what was cajmere's alternate name?

answer: Green Velvet

text: Green Velvet

question: what was the name of the label operated by dj funk in chicago?

answer: Dance Mania

text: Dance Mania

question: what was the prototype of ghetto house?

answer: "Time for the Perculator" by Cajmere

text: "Time for the Perculator" by Cajmere

question: What gospel/R&B-influenced group released "DJ Sneak" in 1993?

text: Aly-us

question: Who released the hit single "DJ Sneak" in the US?

text: Cajmere

question: What was Cajual's alternative name?

text: Green Velvet

question: What was the name of the label operated by Cajmere in Chicago?

text: Dance Mania

question: What was the prototype of Chicago house?

text: "Time for the Perculator" by Cajmere


text: By 1885, a new summer retreat was contemplated. That summer, the Bells had a vacation on Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia, spending time at the small village of Baddeck. Returning in 1886, Bell started building an estate on a point across from Baddeck, overlooking Bras d'Or Lake. By 1889, a large house, christened The Lodge was completed and two years later, a larger complex of buildings, including a new laboratory, were begun that the Bells would name Beinn Bhreagh (Gaelic: beautiful mountain) after Bell's ancestral Scottish highlands.[N 21] Bell also built the Bell Boatyard on the estate, employing up to 40 people building experimental craft as well as wartime lifeboats and workboats for the Royal Canadian Navy and pleasure craft for the Bell family. An enthusiastic boater, Bell and his family sailed or rowed a long series of vessels on Bras d'Or Lake, ordering additional vessels from the H.W. Embree and Sons boatyard in Port Hawkesbury, Nova Scotia. In his final, and some of his most productive years, Bell split his residency between Washington, D.C., where he and his family initially resided for most of the year, and at Beinn Bhreagh where they spent increasing amounts of time.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: By

text: a

text: new

text: summer

text: retreat

text: was

text: contemplated

text: That

text: summer

text: the

text: Bells

text: had

text: a

text: vacation

text: on

text: Cape

text: Breton

text: Island

text: in

text: Nova

text: Scotia

text: spending

text: time

text: at

text: the

text: small

text: village

text: of

text: Baddeck

text: Returning

text: in

text: Bell

text: started

text: building

text: an

text: estate

text: on

text: a

text: point

text: across

text: from

text: Baddeck

text: overlooking

text: Bras

text: d'Or

text: Lake

text: By

text: a

text: large

text: house

text: christened

text: The

text: Lodge

text: was

text: completed

text: and

text: two

text: years

text: later

text: a

text: larger

text: complex

text: of

text: buildings

text: including

text: a

text: new

text: laboratory

text: were

text: begun

text: that

text: the

text: Bells

text: would

text: name

text: Beinn

text: Bhreagh

text: Gaelic

text: beautiful

text: mountain

text: after

text: Bell

text: 's

text: ancestral

text: Scottish

text: highlands.[N

text: Bell

text: also

text: built

text: the

text: Bell

text: Boatyard

text: on

text: the

text: estate

text: employing

text: up

text: to

text: people

text: building

text: experimental

text: craft

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: wartime

text: lifeboats

text: and

text: workboats

text: for

text: the

text: Royal

text: Canadian

text: Navy

text: and

text: pleasure

text: craft

text: for

text: the

text: Bell

text: family

text: An

text: enthusiastic

text: boater

text: Bell

text: and

text: his

text: family

text: sailed

text: or

text: rowed

text: a

text: long

text: series

text: of

text: vessels

text: on

text: Bras

text: d'Or

text: Lake

text: ordering

text: additional

text: vessels

text: from

text: the

text: H.W.

text: Embree

text: and

text: Sons

text: boatyard

text: in

text: Port

text: Hawkesbury

text: Nova

text: Scotia

text: In

text: his

text: final

text: and

text: some

text: of

text: his

text: most

text: productive

text: years

text: Bell

text: split

text: his

text: residency

text: between

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: where

text: he

text: and

text: his

text: family

text: initially

text: resided

text: for

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: and

text: at

text: Beinn

text: Bhreagh

text: where

text: they

text: spent

text: increasing

text: amounts

text: of

text: time

question: What Island in Nova Scotia did the Bells go to in 1885?

answer: Breton Island

text: Breton Island

question: In 1886, what lake did Bell start building a house near?

answer: Bras d'Or

text: Bras d'Or

question: What did the Bells call the house completed in 1889?

answer: The Lodge

text: The Lodge

question: How many people worked for the Bell Boatyard?

answer: 40


text: In modern times, the Javanese are the largest ethnic group in Southeast Asia, with more than 100 million people, mostly concentrated in Java, Indonesia. In Burma, the Burmese account for more than two-thirds of the ethnic stock in this country, while ethnic Thais and Vietnamese account for about four-fifths of the respective populations of those countries. Indonesia is clearly dominated by the Javanese and Sundanese ethnic groups, while Malaysia is split between half Malays and one-quarter Chinese. Within the Philippines, the Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, and Hiligaynon groups are significant.

title: Southeast_Asia

title: Southeast_Asia

text: In

text: modern

text: times

text: the

text: Javanese

text: are

text: the

text: largest

text: ethnic

text: group

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: people

text: mostly

text: concentrated

text: in

text: Java

text: Indonesia

text: In

text: Burma

text: the

text: Burmese

text: account

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: two

text: thirds

text: of

text: the

text: ethnic

text: stock

text: in

text: this

text: country

text: while

text: ethnic

text: Thais

text: and

text: Vietnamese

text: account

text: for

text: about

text: four

text: fifths

text: of

text: the

text: respective

text: populations

text: of

text: those

text: countries

text: Indonesia

text: is

text: clearly

text: dominated

text: by

text: the

text: Javanese

text: and

text: Sundanese

text: ethnic

text: groups

text: while

text: Malaysia

text: is

text: split

text: between

text: half

text: Malays

text: and

text: one

text: quarter

text: Chinese

text: Within

text: the

text: Philippines

text: the

text: Tagalog

text: Cebuano

text: Ilocano

text: and

text: Hiligaynon

text: groups

text: are

text: significant

question: name the largest ethnic group in Southeast Asia.

answer: the Javanese

text: the Javanese

question: Which ethnic groups dominate in Indonesia?

answer: Javanese and Sundanese

text: Javanese and Sundanese

question: The Tagalog, Cebuano,Ilocano & Hiligaynon groups are significant within which country in Southeast Asia?

answer: Philippines

text: Philippines

question: The ethnic groups Malays & Chinese are predominant in which country?

answer: Malaysia

text: Malaysia

question: What is currently the smallest ethnic group in Southeast Asia?

text: Javanese

question: What group makes up two-thirds of the population of Southeast Asia?

text: Burmese

question: What two groups make up four-fifths of the population of Southeast Asia?

text: Thais and Vietnamese

question: Where are the Malays and Chinese a minority?

text: Malaysia


text: Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.

title: Dutch_Republic

title: Dutch_Republic

text: Until

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: Low

text: Countries

text: corresponding

text: roughly

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: Netherlands

text: Belgium

text: and

text: Luxembourg

text: consisted

text: of

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: duchies

text: counties

text: and

text: Prince

text: bishoprics

text: almost

text: all

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: under

text: the

text: supremacy

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: the

text: county

text: of

text: Flanders

text: which

text: was

text: under

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: France

question: The Low Countries were made up of which present day countries?

answer: Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg

text: Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg

question: Which counties in the Low Countries were not ruled by the Holy Roman Empire?

answer: Flanders

text: Flanders

question: What countries were considered part of the low countries after the sixteenth century?

question: What were ruled by the Roman Empire?

question: Which Empire ruled the county of Flanders?

text: Holy Roman Empire,

question: What kingdom was a holy Roman empire under?

text: Kingdom of France

question: What three countries were under the Kingdom of France?

text: Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg

question: What did the Low Countries under the Kingdom of France consist of?

question: What county was under the Holy Roman Empire?

text: Flanders

question: Until what century was the county of Flanders part of the Low Countries?

text: Until the 16th century

question: Name one type of government the county of Flanders had when under the rule of the Holy Roman Empire?

text: Prince-bishoprics


text: Following the war, some of these military airfields added civil facilities for handling passenger traffic. One of the earliest such fields was Paris – Le Bourget Airport at Le Bourget, near Paris. The first airport to operate scheduled international commercial services was Hounslow Heath Aerodrome in August 1919, but it was closed and supplanted by Croydon Airport in March 1920. In 1922, the first permanent airport and commercial terminal solely for commercial aviation was opened at Flughafen Devau near what was then Königsberg, East Prussia. The airports of this era used a paved "apron", which permitted night flying as well as landing heavier aircraft.

title: Airport

title: Airport

text: Following

text: the

text: war

text: some

text: of

text: these

text: military

text: airfields

text: added

text: civil

text: facilities

text: for

text: handling

text: passenger

text: traffic

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: such

text: fields

text: was

text: Paris

text: Le

text: Bourget

text: Airport

text: at

text: Le

text: Bourget

text: near

text: Paris

text: The

text: first

text: airport

text: to

text: operate

text: scheduled

text: international

text: commercial

text: services

text: was

text: Hounslow

text: Heath

text: Aerodrome

text: in

text: August

text: but

text: it

text: was

text: closed

text: and

text: supplanted

text: by

text: Croydon

text: Airport

text: in

text: March

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: permanent

text: airport

text: and

text: commercial

text: terminal

text: solely

text: for

text: commercial

text: aviation

text: was

text: opened

text: at

text: Flughafen

text: Devau

text: near

text: what

text: was

text: then

text: Königsberg

text: East

text: Prussia

text: The

text: airports

text: of

text: this

text: era

text: used

text: a

text: paved

text: apron

text: which

text: permitted

text: night

text: flying

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: landing

text: heavier

text: aircraft

question: Following the war, why did some military airfields add civil facilities?

answer: for handling passenger traffic

text: for handling passenger traffic

question: Which airport near Paris was one of the first to add civil facilities for handling passenger traffic?

answer: Le Bourget Airport

text: Le Bourget Airport

question: What was the first airport to operate scheduled international commercial services?

answer: Hounslow Heath Aerodrome

text: Hounslow Heath Aerodrome

question: When did the Hounslow Heath Aerodrome begin to operate scheduled international commercial services?

answer: August 1919

text: August 1919

question: What did airports use to permit night flying as well as landing heavier aircraft?

answer: a paved "apron"

text: a paved "apron"

question: When was the Paris - Le Bourget Airport first opened?

text: August 1919

question: What was the Paris - Le Bourget Airport replaced by?

text: Croydon Airport

question: When did Houndlow Heath Aerodrome replace Croydon Airport?

text: March 1920

question: When was Croydon Airport opened in Flughafen Devau?

text: In 1922

question: What was used at military airfields in 1919?

text: a paved "apron"


text: In 1950 Egypt closed the Suez Canal to Israeli shipping and tensions mounted as armed clashes took place along Israel's borders. During the 1950s, Israel was frequently attacked by Palestinian fedayeen, nearly always against civilians, mainly from the Egyptian-occupied Gaza Strip, leading to several Israeli counter-raids. In 1956, Great Britain and France aimed at regaining control of the Suez Canal, which the Egyptians had nationalized (see the Suez Crisis). The continued blockade of the Suez Canal and Straits of Tiran to Israeli shipping, together with the growing amount of Fedayeen attacks against Israel's southern population, and recent Arab grave and threatening statements, prompted Israel to attack Egypt. Israel joined a secret alliance with Great Britain and France and overran the Sinai Peninsula but was pressured to withdraw by the United Nations in return for guarantees of Israeli shipping rights in the Red Sea via the Straits of Tiran and the Canal[citation needed]. The war resulted in significant reduction of Israeli border infiltration.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: In

text: Egypt

text: closed

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: to

text: Israeli

text: shipping

text: and

text: tensions

text: mounted

text: as

text: armed

text: clashes

text: took

text: place

text: along

text: Israel

text: 's

text: borders

text: During

text: the

text: Israel

text: was

text: frequently

text: attacked

text: by

text: Palestinian

text: fedayeen

text: nearly

text: always

text: against

text: civilians

text: mainly

text: from

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: occupied

text: Gaza

text: Strip

text: leading

text: to

text: several

text: Israeli

text: counter

text: raids

text: In

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: France

text: aimed

text: at

text: regaining

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: which

text: the

text: Egyptians

text: had

text: nationalized

text: see

text: the

text: Suez

text: Crisis

text: The

text: continued

text: blockade

text: of

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: and

text: Straits

text: of

text: Tiran

text: to

text: Israeli

text: shipping

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: growing

text: amount

text: of

text: Fedayeen

text: attacks

text: against

text: Israel

text: 's

text: southern

text: population

text: and

text: recent

text: Arab

text: grave

text: and

text: threatening

text: statements

text: prompted

text: Israel

text: to

text: attack

text: Egypt

text: Israel

text: joined

text: a

text: secret

text: alliance

text: with

text: Great

text: Britain

text: and

text: France

text: and

text: overran

text: the

text: Sinai

text: Peninsula

text: but

text: was

text: pressured

text: to

text: withdraw

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: in

text: return

text: for

text: guarantees

text: of

text: Israeli

text: shipping

text: rights

text: in

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: via

text: the

text: Straits

text: of

text: Tiran

text: and

text: the

text: Canal[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: war

text: resulted

text: in

text: significant

text: reduction

text: of

text: Israeli

text: border

text: infiltration

question: When did Egypt close the Suez Canal to Israel?

answer: 1950

question: Who was Israel frequently attacked by?

answer: Palestinian fedayeen

text: Palestinian fedayeen

question: What did the war result in?

answer: significant reduction of Israeli border infiltration

text: significant reduction of Israeli border infiltration


text: Some risk factors for death include age, hemodynamic parameters (such as heart failure, cardiac arrest on admission, systolic blood pressure, or Killip class of two or greater), ST-segment deviation, diabetes, serum creatinine, peripheral vascular disease, and elevation of cardiac markers. Assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction may increase the predictive power. Prognosis is worse if a mechanical complication such as papillary muscle or myocardial free wall rupture occurs. Morbidity and mortality from myocardial infarction has improved over the years due to better treatment.

title: Myocardial_infarction

title: Myocardial_infarction

text: Some

text: risk

text: factors

text: for

text: death

text: include

text: age

text: hemodynamic

text: parameters

text: such

text: as

text: heart

text: failure

text: cardiac

text: arrest

text: on

text: admission

text: systolic

text: blood

text: pressure

text: or

text: Killip

text: class

text: of

text: two

text: or

text: greater

text: ST

text: segment

text: deviation

text: diabetes

text: serum

text: creatinine

text: peripheral

text: vascular

text: disease

text: and

text: elevation

text: of

text: cardiac

text: markers

text: Assessment

text: of

text: left

text: ventricular

text: ejection

text: fraction

text: may

text: increase

text: the

text: predictive

text: power

text: Prognosis

text: is

text: worse

text: if

text: a

text: mechanical

text: complication

text: such

text: as

text: papillary

text: muscle

text: or

text: myocardial

text: free

text: wall

text: rupture

text: occurs

text: Morbidity

text: and

text: mortality

text: from

text: myocardial

text: infarction

text: has

text: improved

text: over

text: the

text: years

text: due

text: to

text: better

text: treatment

question: How many classes of ST-segmentation are there?

text: two or greater

question: Prognosis improves after what complication?

question: What has decreased over the years?

text: Morbidity and mortality

question: What are some examples of ST-segment deviation?

question: What are risk factors called?

text: hemodynamic parameters


text: Following Huan's death, Dou Wu and the Grand Tutor Chen Fan (陳蕃) (d. 168 AD) attempted a coup d'état against the eunuchs Hou Lan (d. 172 AD), Cao Jie (d. 181 AD), and Wang Fu (王甫). When the plot was uncovered, the eunuchs arrested Empress Dowager Dou (d. 172 AD) and Chen Fan. General Zhang Huan (張奐) favored the eunuchs. He and his troops confronted Dou Wu and his retainers at the palace gate where each side shouted accusations of treason against the other. When the retainers gradually deserted Dou Wu, he was forced to commit suicide.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: Following

text: Huan

text: 's

text: death

text: Dou

text: Wu

text: and

text: the

text: Grand

text: Tutor

text: Chen

text: Fan

text: 陳蕃

text: d.

text: AD

text: attempted

text: a

text: coup

text: d'état

text: against

text: the

text: eunuchs

text: Hou

text: Lan

text: d.

text: AD

text: Cao

text: Jie

text: d.

text: AD

text: and

text: Wang

text: Fu

text: 王甫

text: When

text: the

text: plot

text: was

text: uncovered

text: the

text: eunuchs

text: arrested

text: Empress

text: Dowager

text: Dou

text: d.

text: AD

text: and

text: Chen

text: Fan

text: General

text: Zhang

text: Huan

text: 張奐

text: favored

text: the

text: eunuchs

text: He

text: and

text: his

text: troops

text: confronted

text: Dou

text: Wu

text: and

text: his

text: retainers

text: at

text: the

text: palace

text: gate

text: where

text: each

text: side

text: shouted

text: accusations

text: of

text: treason

text: against

text: the

text: other

text: When

text: the

text: retainers

text: gradually

text: deserted

text: Dou

text: Wu

text: he

text: was

text: forced

text: to

text: commit

text: suicide

question: Who arrested Chen Fan in a failed plot?

answer: the eunuchs

text: the eunuchs

question: Who made accusations of treason against Dou Wu?

answer: General Zhang Huan

text: General Zhang Huan

question: How did Dou Wu pass away?

answer: he was forced to commit suicide

text: he was forced to commit suicide

question: Which group was favorable to Zhang Huan?

answer: the eunuchs

text: the eunuchs

question: What type of action was attempted on the eunuchs?

answer: coup d'état

text: coup d'état


text: On September 9, 2007, West suggested that his race had something to do with his being overlooked for opening the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards (VMAs) in favor of Britney Spears; he claimed, "Maybe my skin’s not right." West was performing at the event; that night, he lost all five awards that he was nominated for, including Best Male Artist and Video of the Year. After the show, he was visibly upset that he had lost at the VMAs two years in a row, stating that he would not come back to MTV ever again. He also appeared on several radio stations saying that when he made the song "Stronger" that it was his dream to open the VMAs with it. He has also stated that Spears has not had a hit in a long period of time and that MTV exploited her for ratings.

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: On

text: September

text: West

text: suggested

text: that

text: his

text: race

text: had

text: something

text: to

text: do

text: with

text: his

text: being

text: overlooked

text: for

text: opening

text: the

text: MTV

text: Video

text: Music

text: Awards

text: VMAs

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: Britney

text: Spears

text: he

text: claimed

text: Maybe

text: my

text: skin

text: ’s

text: not

text: right

text: West

text: was

text: performing

text: at

text: the

text: event

text: that

text: night

text: he

text: lost

text: all

text: five

text: awards

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: nominated

text: for

text: including

text: Best

text: Male

text: Artist

text: and

text: Video

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: After

text: the

text: show

text: he

text: was

text: visibly

text: upset

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: lost

text: at

text: the

text: VMAs

text: two

text: years

text: in

text: a

text: row

text: stating

text: that

text: he

text: would

text: not

text: come

text: back

text: to

text: MTV

text: ever

text: again

text: He

text: also

text: appeared

text: on

text: several

text: radio

text: stations

text: saying

text: that

text: when

text: he

text: made

text: the

text: song

text: Stronger

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: his

text: dream

text: to

text: open

text: the

text: VMAs

text: with

text: it

text: He

text: has

text: also

text: stated

text: that

text: Spears

text: has

text: not

text: had

text: a

text: hit

text: in

text: a

text: long

text: period

text: of

text: time

text: and

text: that

text: MTV

text: exploited

text: her

text: for

text: ratings

question: What did Kanye believe was a contributing factor in him not opening for the 2007 MTV VMAs?

answer: race

text: race

question: With what song did Kanye aspire to open the VMAs with?

answer: Stronger

text: Stronger

question: What factor did Kanye West accuse of being the reason for his being excluded for the opening of the 2007 VMAs?

answer: his race

text: his race

question: What song was Kanye's dream to perform on the VMAs?

answer: "Stronger"

text: "Stronger"


text: In response to pro-Tibet and pro-human rights protests, the Chinese media focused on the more disruptive protesters, referring for example to "a very small number of 'Tibet independence' secessionists and a handful of so-called human rights-minded NGO activists" intent on "disrupting and sabotaging the Beijing Olympic Games". However, the Chinese media published articles about crowds supporting the torch relay.

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

text: In

text: response

text: to

text: pro

text: Tibet

text: and

text: pro

text: human

text: rights

text: protests

text: the

text: Chinese

text: media

text: focused

text: on

text: the

text: more

text: disruptive

text: protesters

text: referring

text: for

text: example

text: to

text: a

text: very

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: Tibet

text: independence

text: secessionists

text: and

text: a

text: handful

text: of

text: so

text: called

text: human

text: rights

text: minded

text: NGO

text: activists

text: intent

text: on

text: disrupting

text: and

text: sabotaging

text: the

text: Beijing

text: Olympic

text: Games

text: However

text: the

text: Chinese

text: media

text: published

text: articles

text: about

text: crowds

text: supporting

text: the

text: torch

text: relay

question: What did the Chinese media focus on as far as human rights protesters?

answer: the more disruptive protesters

text: the more disruptive protesters


text: Villa and Carranza had different political goals causing Villa to become an enemy of Carranza. After Carranza took control in 1914, Villa and other revolutionaries who opposed him met at what was called the Convention of Aguascalientes. The convention deposed Carranza in favor of Eulalio Gutiérrez. In the winter of 1914 Villa's and Zapata's troops entered and occupied Mexico City. Villa was forced from the city in early 1915 and attacked the forces of Gen. Obregón at the Battle of Celaya and was badly defeated in the bloodiest battle of the revolution, with thousands dead. With the defeat of Villa, Carranza seized power. A short time later the United States recognized Carranza as president of Mexico. Even though Villa's forces were badly depleted by his loss at Celaya, he continued his fight against the Carranza government. Finally, in 1920, Obregón—who had defeated him at Celaya—finally reached an agreement with Villa end his rebellion.

title: Chihuahua_(state)

title: Chihuahua_(state

text: Villa

text: and

text: Carranza

text: had

text: different

text: political

text: goals

text: causing

text: Villa

text: to

text: become

text: an

text: enemy

text: of

text: Carranza

text: After

text: Carranza

text: took

text: control

text: in

text: Villa

text: and

text: other

text: revolutionaries

text: who

text: opposed

text: him

text: met

text: at

text: what

text: was

text: called

text: the

text: Convention

text: of

text: Aguascalientes

text: The

text: convention

text: deposed

text: Carranza

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: Eulalio

text: Gutiérrez

text: In

text: the

text: winter

text: of

text: Villa

text: 's

text: and

text: Zapata

text: 's

text: troops

text: entered

text: and

text: occupied

text: Mexico

text: City

text: Villa

text: was

text: forced

text: from

text: the

text: city

text: in

text: early

text: and

text: attacked

text: the

text: forces

text: of

text: Gen.

text: Obregón

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Celaya

text: and

text: was

text: badly

text: defeated

text: in

text: the

text: bloodiest

text: battle

text: of

text: the

text: revolution

text: with

text: thousands

text: dead

text: With

text: the

text: defeat

text: of

text: Villa

text: Carranza

text: seized

text: power

text: A

text: short

text: time

text: later

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: recognized

text: Carranza

text: as

text: president

text: of

text: Mexico

text: Even

text: though

text: Villa

text: 's

text: forces

text: were

text: badly

text: depleted

text: by

text: his

text: loss

text: at

text: Celaya

text: he

text: continued

text: his

text: fight

text: against

text: the

text: Carranza

text: government

text: Finally

text: in

text: Obregón

text: who

text: had

text: defeated

text: him

text: at

text: Celaya

text: finally

text: reached

text: an

text: agreement

text: with

text: Villa

text: end

text: his

text: rebellion

question: Villa became an enemy of whom?

answer: Carranza

text: Carranza

question: Who took control in 1914?

answer: Carranza

text: Carranza

question: Carranza met with his opposition at a meeting called what?

answer: Convention of Aguascalientes

text: Convention of Aguascalientes

question: The convention deposed Carranza in favor of whom?

answer: Eulalio Gutiérrez

text: Eulalio Gutiérrez

question: At which battle was Obregon badly defeated?

answer: Battle of Celaya

text: Battle of Celaya


text: The development of flattop vessels produced the first large fleet ships. In 1918, HMS Argus became the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft. As a result of the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922, which limited the construction of new heavy surface combat ships, most early aircraft carriers were conversions of ships that were laid down (or had served) as different ship types: cargo ships, cruisers, battlecruisers, or battleships. These conversions gave rise to the Lexington-class aircraft carriers (1927), Akagi and Courageous class. Specialist carrier evolution was well underway, with several navies ordering and building warships that were purposefully designed to function as aircraft carriers by the mid-1920s, resulting in the commissioning of ships such as Hōshō (1922), HMS Hermes (1924), and Béarn (1927). During World War II, these ships would become known as fleet carriers.[citation needed]

title: Aircraft_carrier

title: Aircraft_carrier

text: The

text: development

text: of

text: flattop

text: vessels

text: produced

text: the

text: first

text: large

text: fleet

text: ships

text: In

text: HMS

text: Argus

text: became

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: first

text: carrier

text: capable

text: of

text: launching

text: and

text: recovering

text: naval

text: aircraft

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: Washington

text: Naval

text: Treaty

text: of

text: which

text: limited

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: new

text: heavy

text: surface

text: combat

text: ships

text: most

text: early

text: aircraft

text: carriers

text: were

text: conversions

text: of

text: ships

text: that

text: were

text: laid

text: down

text: or

text: had

text: served

text: as

text: different

text: ship

text: types

text: cargo

text: ships

text: cruisers

text: battlecruisers

text: or

text: battleships

text: These

text: conversions

text: gave

text: rise

text: to

text: the

text: Lexington

text: class

text: aircraft

text: carriers

text: Akagi

text: and

text: Courageous

text: class

text: Specialist

text: carrier

text: evolution

text: was

text: well

text: underway

text: with

text: several

text: navies

text: ordering

text: and

text: building

text: warships

text: that

text: were

text: purposefully

text: designed

text: to

text: function

text: as

text: aircraft

text: carriers

text: by

text: the

text: resulting

text: in

text: the

text: commissioning

text: of

text: ships

text: such

text: as

text: Hōshō

text: HMS

text: Hermes

text: and

text: Béarn

text: During

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: these

text: ships

text: would

text: become

text: known

text: as

text: fleet

text: carriers.[citation

text: needed

question: What develpment produced the first large fleet ships?

answer: flattop vessels

text: flattop vessels

question: What was the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering naval aircraft?

answer: HMS Argus

text: HMS Argus

question: What did the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 limit?

answer: the construction of new heavy surface combat ships

text: the construction of new heavy surface combat ships

question: What caused early aircraft carriers to be made up of conversions of ships that were previously cargo ships, cruisers or battlecruisers?

answer: Washington Naval Treaty of 1922

text: Washington Naval Treaty of 1922

question: What type of aircraft carriers did these ship conversions give rise to in 1927?

answer: Lexington-class

text: Lexington-class

question: What develpment produced the first small fleet ships?

text: flattop vessels

question: What was the world's first carrier capable of launching and recovering civilian aircraft?

text: HMS Argus

question: What did the Washington Naval Treaty of 1920 limit?

question: What caused modern aircraft carriers to be made up of conversions of ships that were previously cargo ships, cruisers or battlecruisers?

text: Washington Naval Treaty of 1922

question: What type of aircraft carriers did these ship conversions give rise to in 1972?

text: Lexington-class


text: As in the Scheiner system, speeds were expressed in 'degrees'. Originally the sensitivity was written as a fraction with 'tenths' (for example "18/10° DIN"), where the resultant value 1.8 represented the relative base 10 logarithm of the speed. 'Tenths' were later abandoned with DIN 4512:1957-11, and the example above would be written as "18° DIN". The degree symbol was finally dropped with DIN 4512:1961-10. This revision also saw significant changes in the definition of film speeds in order to accommodate then-recent changes in the American ASA PH2.5-1960 standard, so that film speeds of black-and-white negative film effectively would become doubled, that is, a film previously marked as "18° DIN" would now be labeled as "21 DIN" without emulsion changes.

title: Film_speed

title: Film_speed

text: As

text: in

text: the

text: Scheiner

text: system

text: speeds

text: were

text: expressed

text: in

text: degrees

text: Originally

text: the

text: sensitivity

text: was

text: written

text: as

text: a

text: fraction

text: with

text: tenths

text: for

text: example

text: DIN

text: where

text: the

text: resultant

text: value

text: represented

text: the

text: relative

text: base

text: logarithm

text: of

text: the

text: speed

text: Tenths

text: were

text: later

text: abandoned

text: with

text: DIN

text: and

text: the

text: example

text: above

text: would

text: be

text: written

text: as

text: DIN

text: The

text: degree

text: symbol

text: was

text: finally

text: dropped

text: with

text: DIN

text: This

text: revision

text: also

text: saw

text: significant

text: changes

text: in

text: the

text: definition

text: of

text: film

text: speeds

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: accommodate

text: then

text: recent

text: changes

text: in

text: the

text: American

text: ASA

text: standard

text: so

text: that

text: film

text: speeds

text: of

text: black

text: and

text: white

text: negative

text: film

text: effectively

text: would

text: become

text: doubled

text: that

text: is

text: a

text: film

text: previously

text: marked

text: as

text: DIN

text: would

text: now

text: be

text: labeled

text: as

text: DIN

text: without

text: emulsion

text: changes

question: What unit was used in the DIN to express speeds?

answer: degrees

text: degrees

question: How was sensitivity expressed at first in the DIN system?

answer: as a fraction with 'tenths' (for example "18/10° DIN")

text: as a fraction with 'tenths' (for example "18/10° DIN")

question: When did the degree symbol fall out of use in the DIN system?

answer: with DIN 4512:1961-10

text: with DIN 4512:1961-10

question: Why did the definition of film speeds change considerably?

answer: to accommodate then-recent changes in the American ASA PH2.5-1960 standard

text: to accommodate then-recent changes in the American ASA PH2.5-1960 standard

question: What happened to film speeds of black-and-white negative film?

answer: would become doubled

text: would become doubled

question: What replaced the American ASA PH2.5-1960 standard?

text: DIN 4512:1961-10

question: What system reintroduced the degree symbol?

text: ASA PH2.5-1960

question: What American standard abandoned the tenths method?

text: DIN 4512:1957-11

question: With emulsion changes, what did 18° DIN become?

text: 21 DIN

question: What happened to film speeds after the introduction of the DIN 4512:1957-11?

text: would become doubled


text: Resistance to infection (immunity) may be acquired following a disease, by asymptomatic carriage of the pathogen, by harboring an organism with a similar structure (crossreacting), or by vaccination. Knowledge of the protective antigens and specific acquired host immune factors is more complete for primary pathogens than for opportunistic pathogens. There is also the phenomenon of herd immunity which offers a measure of protection to those otherwise vulnerable people when a large enough proportion of the population has acquired immunity from certain infections.

title: Infection

title: Infection

text: Resistance

text: to

text: infection

text: immunity

text: may

text: be

text: acquired

text: following

text: a

text: disease

text: by

text: asymptomatic

text: carriage

text: of

text: the

text: pathogen

text: by

text: harboring

text: an

text: organism

text: with

text: a

text: similar

text: structure

text: crossreacting

text: or

text: by

text: vaccination

text: Knowledge

text: of

text: the

text: protective

text: antigens

text: and

text: specific

text: acquired

text: host

text: immune

text: factors

text: is

text: more

text: complete

text: for

text: primary

text: pathogens

text: than

text: for

text: opportunistic

text: pathogens

text: There

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: phenomenon

text: of

text: herd

text: immunity

text: which

text: offers

text: a

text: measure

text: of

text: protection

text: to

text: those

text: otherwise

text: vulnerable

text: people

text: when

text: a

text: large

text: enough

text: proportion

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: has

text: acquired

text: immunity

text: from

text: certain

text: infections

question: What is resistance to infection known technically as?

answer: immunity

text: immunity

question: When may immunity be acquired?

answer: following a disease

text: following a disease

question: What is knowledge of protective antigens more complete for?

answer: primary pathogens

text: primary pathogens

question: What does herd immunity offer to vulnerable people when a large enough proportion of the population has acquired immunity?

answer: a measure of protection

text: a measure of protection

question: Vaccination is a way in which what may be acquired?

answer: immunity

text: immunity

question: What is resistance to infection known informally as?

text: immunity

question: When may immunity be the best?

text: following a disease

question: What is knowledge of protective antigens forbidden for?

text: primary pathogens

question: What does herd mentality offer to invulnerable people when a tiny proportion of the population has acquired immunity?

text: immunity

question: What is the only way to lose immunity?

text: vaccination


text: Israel's Supreme Court is at the head of the court system in the State of Israel. It is the highest judicial instance. The Supreme Court sits in Jerusalem. The area of its jurisdiction is the entire State. A ruling of the Supreme Court is binding upon every court, other than the Supreme Court itself. The Israeli supreme court is both an appellate court and the high court of justice. As an appellate court, the Supreme Court considers cases on appeal (both criminal and civil) on judgments and other decisions of the District Courts. It also considers appeals on judicial and quasi-judicial decisions of various kinds, such as matters relating to the legality of Knesset elections and disciplinary rulings of the Bar Association. As the High Court of Justice (Hebrew: Beit Mishpat Gavoha Le'Zedek בית משפט גבוה לצדק; also known by its initials as Bagatz בג"ץ), the Supreme Court rules as a court of first instance, primarily in matters regarding the legality of decisions of State authorities: Government decisions, those of local authorities and other bodies and persons performing public functions under the law, and direct challenges to the constitutionality of laws enacted by the Knesset. The court has broad discretionary authority to rule on matters in which it considers it necessary to grant relief in the interests of justice, and which are not within the jurisdiction of another court or tribunal. The High Court of Justice grants relief through orders such as injunction, mandamus and Habeas Corpus, as well as through declaratory judgments. The Supreme Court can also sit at a further hearing on its own judgment. In a matter on which the Supreme Court has ruled - whether as a court of appeals or as the High Court of Justice - with a panel of three or more justices, it may rule at a further hearing with a panel of a larger number of justices. A further hearing may be held if the Supreme Court makes a ruling inconsistent with a previous ruling or if the Court deems that the importance, difficulty or novelty of a ruling of the Court justifies such hearing. The Supreme Court also holds the unique power of being able to order "trial de novo" (a retrial).

title: Supreme_court

title: Supreme_court

text: Israel

text: 's

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: is

text: at

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: court

text: system

text: in

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Israel

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: highest

text: judicial

text: instance

text: The

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: sits

text: in

text: Jerusalem

text: The

text: area

text: of

text: its

text: jurisdiction

text: is

text: the

text: entire

text: State

text: A

text: ruling

text: of

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: is

text: binding

text: upon

text: every

text: court

text: other

text: than

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: itself

text: The

text: Israeli

text: supreme

text: court

text: is

text: both

text: an

text: appellate

text: court

text: and

text: the

text: high

text: court

text: of

text: justice

text: As

text: an

text: appellate

text: court

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: considers

text: cases

text: on

text: appeal

text: both

text: criminal

text: and

text: civil

text: on

text: judgments

text: and

text: other

text: decisions

text: of

text: the

text: District

text: Courts

text: It

text: also

text: considers

text: appeals

text: on

text: judicial

text: and

text: quasi

text: judicial

text: decisions

text: of

text: various

text: kinds

text: such

text: as

text: matters

text: relating

text: to

text: the

text: legality

text: of

text: Knesset

text: elections

text: and

text: disciplinary

text: rulings

text: of

text: the

text: Bar

text: Association

text: As

text: the

text: High

text: Court

text: of

text: Justice

text: Hebrew

text: Beit

text: Mishpat

text: Gavoha

text: Le'Zedek

text: בית

text: משפט

text: גבוה

text: לצדק

text: also

text: known

text: by

text: its

text: initials

text: as

text: Bagatz

text: בג"ץ

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: rules

text: as

text: a

text: court

text: of

text: first

text: instance

text: primarily

text: in

text: matters

text: regarding

text: the

text: legality

text: of

text: decisions

text: of

text: State

text: authorities

text: Government

text: decisions

text: those

text: of

text: local

text: authorities

text: and

text: other

text: bodies

text: and

text: persons

text: performing

text: public

text: functions

text: under

text: the

text: law

text: and

text: direct

text: challenges

text: to

text: the

text: constitutionality

text: of

text: laws

text: enacted

text: by

text: the

text: Knesset

text: The

text: court

text: has

text: broad

text: discretionary

text: authority

text: to

text: rule

text: on

text: matters

text: in

text: which

text: it

text: considers

text: it

text: necessary

text: to

text: grant

text: relief

text: in

text: the

text: interests

text: of

text: justice

text: and

text: which

text: are

text: not

text: within

text: the

text: jurisdiction

text: of

text: another

text: court

text: or

text: tribunal

text: The

text: High

text: Court

text: of

text: Justice

text: grants

text: relief

text: through

text: orders

text: such

text: as

text: injunction

text: mandamus

text: and

text: Habeas

text: Corpus

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: through

text: declaratory

text: judgments

text: The

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: can

text: also

text: sit

text: at

text: a

text: further

text: hearing

text: on

text: its

text: own

text: judgment

text: In

text: a

text: matter

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: has

text: ruled

text: whether

text: as

text: a

text: court

text: of

text: appeals

text: or

text: as

text: the

text: High

text: Court

text: of

text: Justice

text: with

text: a

text: panel

text: of

text: three

text: or

text: more

text: justices

text: it

text: may

text: rule

text: at

text: a

text: further

text: hearing

text: with

text: a

text: panel

text: of

text: a

text: larger

text: number

text: of

text: justices

text: A

text: further

text: hearing

text: may

text: be

text: held

text: if

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: makes

text: a

text: ruling

text: inconsistent

text: with

text: a

text: previous

text: ruling

text: or

text: if

text: the

text: Court

text: deems

text: that

text: the

text: importance

text: difficulty

text: or

text: novelty

text: of

text: a

text: ruling

text: of

text: the

text: Court

text: justifies

text: such

text: hearing

text: The

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: also

text: holds

text: the

text: unique

text: power

text: of

text: being

text: able

text: to

text: order

text: trial

text: de

text: novo

text: a

text: retrial

question: Where is Israel's Supreme Court located?

answer: Jerusalem

text: Jerusalem

question: Israel's Supreme Court fulfills what two major functions?

answer: both an appellate court and the high court of justice

text: both an appellate court and the high court of justice

question: Israel's legislative body is called what?

answer: the Knesset

text: the Knesset

question: Israel's Supreme court has uses what internal method to review its own decisions?

answer: a panel of three or more justices

text: a panel of three or more justices

question: A retrial is also called what?

answer: "trial de novo"

text: "trial de novo"

question: Where does the Israeli appellate court sit?

text: in Jerusalem

question: What types of cases does the appeals court hear?

text: both criminal and civil

question: What does the Supreme Court of Jusice grant?

question: What is an "order trial de novo" also known as?

text: a retrial


text: Yale traces its beginnings to "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School," passed by the General Court of the Colony of Connecticut on October 9, 1701, while meeting in New Haven. The Act was an effort to create an institution to train ministers and lay leadership for Connecticut. Soon thereafter, a group of ten Congregationalist ministers: Samuel Andrew, Thomas Buckingham, Israel Chauncy, Samuel Mather, Rev. James Noyes II (son of James Noyes), James Pierpont, Abraham Pierson, Noadiah Russell, Joseph Webb and Timothy Woodbridge, all alumni of Harvard, met in the study of Reverend Samuel Russell in Branford, Connecticut, to pool their books to form the school's library. The group, led by James Pierpont, is now known as "The Founders".[citation needed]

title: Yale_University

title: Yale_University

text: Yale

text: traces

text: its

text: beginnings

text: to

text: An

text: Act

text: for

text: Liberty

text: to

text: Erect

text: a

text: Collegiate

text: School

text: passed

text: by

text: the

text: General

text: Court

text: of

text: the

text: Colony

text: of

text: Connecticut

text: on

text: October

text: while

text: meeting

text: in

text: New

text: Haven

text: The

text: Act

text: was

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: create

text: an

text: institution

text: to

text: train

text: ministers

text: and

text: lay

text: leadership

text: for

text: Connecticut

text: Soon

text: thereafter

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: ten

text: Congregationalist

text: ministers

text: Samuel

text: Andrew

text: Thomas

text: Buckingham

text: Israel

text: Chauncy

text: Samuel

text: Mather

text: Rev.

text: James

text: Noyes

text: II

text: son

text: of

text: James

text: Noyes

text: James

text: Pierpont

text: Abraham

text: Pierson

text: Noadiah

text: Russell

text: Joseph

text: Webb

text: and

text: Timothy

text: Woodbridge

text: all

text: alumni

text: of

text: Harvard

text: met

text: in

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: Reverend

text: Samuel

text: Russell

text: in

text: Branford

text: Connecticut

text: to

text: pool

text: their

text: books

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: school

text: 's

text: library

text: The

text: group

text: led

text: by

text: James

text: Pierpont

text: is

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: The

text: Founders".[citation

text: needed

question: When was "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School" approved?

answer: October 9, 1701

text: October 9, 1701

question: Who voted on "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School"?

answer: General Court of the Colony of Connecticut

text: General Court of the Colony of Connecticut

question: What was the name of the group that started Yale's library?

answer: The Founders

text: The Founders

question: Why was "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School" proposed?

answer: to create an institution to train ministers and lay leadership for Connecticut

text: to create an institution to train ministers and lay leadership for Connecticut

question: Where did "The Founders" go to school?

answer: Harvard

text: Harvard

question: When was "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School" disapproved?

text: October 9, 1701

question: Who never voted on "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School"?

question: What was the name of the group that ended Yale's library?

text: The Founders

question: Why was "An Act for Liberty to Erect a Collegiate School" rejected?

question: Where didn't "The Founders" go to school?

text: Harvard


text: Seminole Indians based in East Florida began raiding Georgia settlements, and offering havens for runaway slaves. The United States Army led increasingly frequent incursions into Spanish territory, including the 1817–1818 campaign against the Seminole Indians by Andrew Jackson that became known as the First Seminole War. The United States now effectively controlled East Florida. Control was necessary according to Secretary of State John Quincy Adams because Florida had become "a derelict open to the occupancy of every enemy, civilized or savage, of the United States, and serving no other earthly purpose than as a post of annoyance to them.".

title: Florida

title: Florida

text: Seminole

text: Indians

text: based

text: in

text: East

text: Florida

text: began

text: raiding

text: Georgia

text: settlements

text: and

text: offering

text: havens

text: for

text: runaway

text: slaves

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: Army

text: led

text: increasingly

text: frequent

text: incursions

text: into

text: Spanish

text: territory

text: including

text: the

text: campaign

text: against

text: the

text: Seminole

text: Indians

text: by

text: Andrew

text: Jackson

text: that

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: First

text: Seminole

text: War

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: now

text: effectively

text: controlled

text: East

text: Florida

text: Control

text: was

text: necessary

text: according

text: to

text: Secretary

text: of

text: State

text: John

text: Quincy

text: Adams

text: because

text: Florida

text: had

text: become

text: a

text: derelict

text: open

text: to

text: the

text: occupancy

text: of

text: every

text: enemy

text: civilized

text: or

text: savage

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: serving

text: no

text: other

text: earthly

text: purpose

text: than

text: as

text: a

text: post

text: of

text: annoyance

text: to

text: them

question: Where did Seminole Indians raid

answer: Seminole Indians based in East Florida began raiding Georgia settlements

text: Seminole Indians based in East Florida began raiding Georgia settlements

question: Who did the Indians offer haven to

answer: runaway slaves

text: runaway slaves

question: What is the first Incursion led by Jackson known as now

answer: First Seminole War

text: First Seminole War

question: Why did the US president say the Incursion of Florida was neccessary

answer: orida had become "a derelict open to the occupancy of every enemy, civilized or savage

text: orida had become "a derelict open to the occupancy of every enemy, civilized or savage

question: Where did Seminole Indians not raid?

text: Georgia

question: What Indians lived in North Florida?

text: Seminole

question: What people did Indians turn away refuge from?

text: runaway slaves

question: Who said "serving every earthly purpose as a post of annoyance to them"

text: John Quincy Adams

question: What did John Quincy Adams say about Georgia?


text: This time they succeeded, and on 31 December 1600, the Queen granted a Royal Charter to "George, Earl of Cumberland, and 215 Knights, Aldermen, and Burgesses" under the name, Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading with the East Indies. For a period of fifteen years the charter awarded the newly formed company a monopoly on trade with all countries east of the Cape of Good Hope and west of the Straits of Magellan. Sir James Lancaster commanded the first East India Company voyage in 1601 and returned in 1603. and in March 1604 Sir Henry Middleton commanded the second voyage. General William Keeling, a captain during the second voyage, led the third voyage from 1607 to 1610.

title: East_India_Company

title: East_India_Company

text: This

text: time

text: they

text: succeeded

text: and

text: on

text: December

text: the

text: Queen

text: granted

text: a

text: Royal

text: Charter

text: to

text: George

text: Earl

text: of

text: Cumberland

text: and

text: Knights

text: Aldermen

text: and

text: Burgesses

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: Governor

text: and

text: Company

text: of

text: Merchants

text: of

text: London

text: trading

text: with

text: the

text: East

text: Indies

text: For

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: fifteen

text: years

text: the

text: charter

text: awarded

text: the

text: newly

text: formed

text: company

text: a

text: monopoly

text: on

text: trade

text: with

text: all

text: countries

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Cape

text: of

text: Good

text: Hope

text: and

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Straits

text: of

text: Magellan

text: Sir

text: James

text: Lancaster

text: commanded

text: the

text: first

text: East

text: India

text: Company

text: voyage

text: in

text: and

text: returned

text: in

text: and

text: in

text: March

text: Sir

text: Henry

text: Middleton

text: commanded

text: the

text: second

text: voyage

text: General

text: William

text: Keeling

text: a

text: captain

text: during

text: the

text: second

text: voyage

text: led

text: the

text: third

text: voyage

text: from

text: to

question: What did the Queen give them for suceeding?

answer: a Royal Charter

text: a Royal Charter

question: What was the name of the Royal Charter?

answer: Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading with the East Indies

text: Governor and Company of Merchants of London trading with the East Indies

question: What did this charter give them?

answer: a monopoly on trade with all countries east of the Cape of Good Hope and west of the Straits of Magellan

text: a monopoly on trade with all countries east of the Cape of Good Hope and west of the Straits of Magellan

question: Who led the third voyage?

answer: General William Keeling

text: General William Keeling

question: Who commanded the the voyage between 1601 and 1603?

answer: Sir James Lancaster

text: Sir James Lancaster

question: Who commanded the second  voyage in 1604?

answer: Sir Henry Middleton

text: Sir Henry Middleton

question: What was the rank of the person who commanded the third voyage?

answer: General

text: General

question: what was the name of the company that traded with East Indies?

answer: Merchants of London

text: Merchants of London

question: how many years did the Merchants of London has a monoploy on trade?

answer: fifteen

text: fifteen

question: What did the Queen steal from them for succeeding?

text: a Royal Charter

question: What was the name of the Novice Charter?

question: What did this charter take away from them?

question: Who commanded the the voyage between 1601 and 1609?

text: Sir James Lancaster

question: Who commanded the eighth voyage in 1604?

text: Sir Henry Middleton


text: The second presidential debate was held at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, on October 8, moderated by Charles Gibson of ABC. Conducted in a town meeting format, less formal than the first presidential debate, this debate saw Bush and Kerry taking questions on a variety of subjects from a local audience. Bush attempted to deflect criticism of what was described as his scowling demeanor during the first debate, joking at one point about one of Kerry's remarks, "That answer made me want to scowl."

title: United_States_presidential_election,_2004

text: The

text: second

text: presidential

text: debate

text: was

text: held

text: at

text: Washington

text: University

text: in

text: St.

text: Louis

text: Missouri

text: on

text: October

text: moderated

text: by

text: Charles

text: Gibson

text: of

text: ABC

text: Conducted

text: in

text: a

text: town

text: meeting

text: format

text: less

text: formal

text: than

text: the

text: first

text: presidential

text: debate

text: this

text: debate

text: saw

text: Bush

text: and

text: Kerry

text: taking

text: questions

text: on

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: subjects

text: from

text: a

text: local

text: audience

text: Bush

text: attempted

text: to

text: deflect

text: criticism

text: of

text: what

text: was

text: described

text: as

text: his

text: scowling

text: demeanor

text: during

text: the

text: first

text: debate

text: joking

text: at

text: one

text: point

text: about

text: one

text: of

text: Kerry

text: 's

text: remarks

text: That

text: answer

text: made

text: me

text: want

text: to

text: scowl

question: Where was the second debate for presidency held?

answer: Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri

text: Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri

question: Was the second debate held in a rigid, formalistic manner?

answer: town meeting format, less formal

text: town meeting format, less formal

question: Was there a specific topic as the main focus for the second debate?

answer: taking questions on a variety of subjects from a local audience

text: taking questions on a variety of subjects from a local audience

question: Who was the moderator of the second debate, held at the Washington University?

answer: Charles Gibson

text: Charles Gibson

question: How did Bush try to make light of himself after being made fun of for his demeanor during the first debate?

answer: joking at one point about one of Kerry's remarks, "That answer made me want to scowl."

text: joking at one point about one of Kerry's remarks, "That answer made me want to scowl."

question: When was Charles Gibson first hired at ABC?

text: October 8

question: What style did Charles Gibson usually use when hosting a news broadcast?

text: less formal

question: Who usually watches Charles Gibson when he is on ABC news?

text: local audience

question: What kind of comments does Charles Gibson use when in a difficult interview?

text: joking

question: What was Charles Gibson's comment about Bush's answer to his first question?

text: "That answer made me want to scowl."


text: An alternative concept is that they formed closer to the Sun, where the matter density was higher, and then subsequently migrated to their current orbits after the removal of the gaseous protoplanetary disc. This hypothesis of migration after formation is favoured, due to its ability to better explain the occupancy of the populations of small objects observed in the trans-Neptunian region. The current most widely accepted explanation of the details of this hypothesis is known as the Nice model, which explores the effect of a migrating Neptune and the other giant planets on the structure of the Kuiper belt.

title: Neptune

title: Neptune

text: An

text: alternative

text: concept

text: is

text: that

text: they

text: formed

text: closer

text: to

text: the

text: Sun

text: where

text: the

text: matter

text: density

text: was

text: higher

text: and

text: then

text: subsequently

text: migrated

text: to

text: their

text: current

text: orbits

text: after

text: the

text: removal

text: of

text: the

text: gaseous

text: protoplanetary

text: disc

text: This

text: hypothesis

text: of

text: migration

text: after

text: formation

text: is

text: favoured

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: ability

text: to

text: better

text: explain

text: the

text: occupancy

text: of

text: the

text: populations

text: of

text: small

text: objects

text: observed

text: in

text: the

text: trans

text: Neptunian

text: region

text: The

text: current

text: most

text: widely

text: accepted

text: explanation

text: of

text: the

text: details

text: of

text: this

text: hypothesis

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Nice

text: model

text: which

text: explores

text: the

text: effect

text: of

text: a

text: migrating

text: Neptune

text: and

text: the

text: other

text: giant

text: planets

text: on

text: the

text: structure

text: of

text: the

text: Kuiper

text: belt

question: If Neptune formed closer to the sun, what is the matter density?

answer: higher

text: higher

question: If Neptune formed closer to the sun, what caused it to migrate to it's current orbit?

answer: removal of the gaseous protoplanetary disc

text: removal of the gaseous protoplanetary disc

question: What is the most widely accepted explanation of Neptune's formation called?

answer: the Nice model

text: the Nice model

question: What does The Nice model consider effected the migration of Neptune?

answer: Kuiper belt.

text: Kuiper belt.

question: If Jupiter formed closer to the sun, what is the matter density?

text: higher

question: If Pluto formed closer to the sun, what caused it to migrate to it's current orbit?

question: What is the least widely accepted explanation of Neptune's formation called?

text: Nice model

question: What does The Nice model consider effected the migration of Jupiter?

text: Kuiper belt


text: The General Assembly has considered rule of law as an agenda item since 1992, with renewed interest since 2006 and has adopted resolutions at its last three sessions. The Security Council has held a number of thematic debates on the rule of law, and adopted resolutions emphasizing the importance of these issues in the context of women, peace and security, children in armed conflict, and the protection of civilians in armed conflict. The Peacebuilding Commission has also regularly addressed rule of law issues with respect to countries on its agenda. The Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action also requires the rule of law be included in human rights education.

title: Rule_of_law

title: Rule_of_law

text: The

text: General

text: Assembly

text: has

text: considered

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: as

text: an

text: agenda

text: item

text: since

text: with

text: renewed

text: interest

text: since

text: and

text: has

text: adopted

text: resolutions

text: at

text: its

text: last

text: three

text: sessions

text: The

text: Security

text: Council

text: has

text: held

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: thematic

text: debates

text: on

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: and

text: adopted

text: resolutions

text: emphasizing

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: these

text: issues

text: in

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: women

text: peace

text: and

text: security

text: children

text: in

text: armed

text: conflict

text: and

text: the

text: protection

text: of

text: civilians

text: in

text: armed

text: conflict

text: The

text: Peacebuilding

text: Commission

text: has

text: also

text: regularly

text: addressed

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: issues

text: with

text: respect

text: to

text: countries

text: on

text: its

text: agenda

text: The

text: Vienna

text: Declaration

text: and

text: Programme

text: of

text: Action

text: also

text: requires

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: be

text: included

text: in

text: human

text: rights

text: education

question: When the rule of law become an agenda item for the General Assembly?

answer: 1992

question: What organization debates the rule of law?

answer: The Security Council

text: The Security Council

question: What organization meets to discuss and determine the countries that are considered by the rule of law?

answer: The Peacebuilding Commission

text: The Peacebuilding Commission

question: What do the Vienna Declaration and Programme of Action require the rule of law to be used in?

answer: human rights education

text: human rights education

question: In what year was interest renewed in the rule of law within the General Assembly?

answer: 2006

question: Who consider rule of law and agenda item since before 1992?

text: The General Assembly

question: Who took renewed interest in the rule of law in 1992?

text: The General Assembly

question: Who has opposed the rule of law through several debates?

text: The Security Council

question: Was argued for lovelorn protection of soldiers during war?

text: The Security Council


text: Low-bandwidth devices are supported with a special PID value, PRE. This marks the beginning of a low-bandwidth packet, and is used by hubs that normally do not send full-bandwidth packets to low-bandwidth devices. Since all PID bytes include four 0 bits, they leave the bus in the full-bandwidth K state, which is the same as the low-bandwidth J state. It is followed by a brief pause, during which hubs enable their low-bandwidth outputs, already idling in the J state. Then a low-bandwidth packet follows, beginning with a sync sequence and PID byte, and ending with a brief period of SE0. Full-bandwidth devices other than hubs can simply ignore the PRE packet and its low-bandwidth contents, until the final SE0 indicates that a new packet follows.

title: USB

title: USB

text: Low

text: bandwidth

text: devices

text: are

text: supported

text: with

text: a

text: special

text: PID

text: value

text: PRE

text: This

text: marks

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: a

text: low

text: bandwidth

text: packet

text: and

text: is

text: used

text: by

text: hubs

text: that

text: normally

text: do

text: not

text: send

text: full

text: bandwidth

text: packets

text: to

text: low

text: bandwidth

text: devices

text: Since

text: all

text: PID

text: bytes

text: include

text: four

text: bits

text: they

text: leave

text: the

text: bus

text: in

text: the

text: full

text: bandwidth

text: K

text: state

text: which

text: is

text: the

text: same

text: as

text: the

text: low

text: bandwidth

text: J

text: state

text: It

text: is

text: followed

text: by

text: a

text: brief

text: pause

text: during

text: which

text: hubs

text: enable

text: their

text: low

text: bandwidth

text: outputs

text: already

text: idling

text: in

text: the

text: J

text: state

text: Then

text: a

text: low

text: bandwidth

text: packet

text: follows

text: beginning

text: with

text: a

text: sync

text: sequence

text: and

text: PID

text: byte

text: and

text: ending

text: with

text: a

text: brief

text: period

text: of

text: Full

text: bandwidth

text: devices

text: other

text: than

text: hubs

text: can

text: simply

text: ignore

text: the

text: PRE

text: packet

text: and

text: its

text: low

text: bandwidth

text: contents

text: until

text: the

text: final

text: indicates

text: that

text: a

text: new

text: packet

text: follows

question: Low-bandwidth devices are supported with what?

answer: a special PID value, PRE

text: a special PID value, PRE

question: All PID bytes include how many 0 bits?

answer: four 0 bits

text: four 0 bits

question: Full-bandwidth devices other than hubs can what?

answer: simply ignore the PRE packet and its low-bandwidth contents

text: simply ignore the PRE packet and its low-bandwidth contents


text: The province of France has produced a large number of preachers. The conferences of Notre-Dame-de-Paris were inaugurated by Père Lacordaire. The Dominicans of the province of France furnished Lacordaire (1835–1836, 1843–1851), Jacques Monsabré (1869–1870, 1872–1890), Joseph Ollivier (1871, 1897), Thomas Etourneau (1898–1902).[citation needed] Since 1903 the pulpit of Notre Dame has been occupied by a succession of Dominicans. Père Henri Didon (d. 1900) was a Dominican. The house of studies of the province of France publishes L'Année Dominicaine (founded 1859), La Revue des Sciences Philosophiques et Theologiques (1907), and La Revue de la Jeunesse (1909). French Dominicans founded and administer the École Biblique et Archéologique française de Jérusalem founded in 1890 by Père Marie-Joseph Lagrange O.P. (1855–1938), one of the leading international centres for Biblical research. It is at the École Biblique that the famed Jerusalem Bible (both editions) was prepared.

title: Dominican_Order

title: Dominican_Order

text: The

text: province

text: of

text: France

text: has

text: produced

text: a

text: large

text: number

text: of

text: preachers

text: The

text: conferences

text: of

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: de

text: Paris

text: were

text: inaugurated

text: by

text: Père

text: Lacordaire

text: The

text: Dominicans

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: France

text: furnished

text: Lacordaire

text: Jacques

text: Monsabré

text: Joseph

text: Ollivier

text: Thomas

text: Etourneau

text: needed

text: Since

text: the

text: pulpit

text: of

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: has

text: been

text: occupied

text: by

text: a

text: succession

text: of

text: Dominicans

text: Père

text: Henri

text: Didon

text: d.

text: was

text: a

text: Dominican

text: The

text: house

text: of

text: studies

text: of

text: the

text: province

text: of

text: France

text: publishes

text: L'Année

text: Dominicaine

text: founded

text: La

text: Revue

text: des

text: Sciences

text: Philosophiques

text: et

text: Theologiques

text: and

text: La

text: Revue

text: de

text: la

text: Jeunesse

text: French

text: Dominicans

text: founded

text: and

text: administer

text: the

text: École

text: Biblique

text: et

text: Archéologique

text: française

text: de

text: Jérusalem

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: Père

text: Marie

text: Joseph

text: Lagrange

text: O.P.

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: leading

text: international

text: centres

text: for

text: Biblical

text: research

text: It

text: is

text: at

text: the

text: École

text: Biblique

text: that

text: the

text: famed

text: Jerusalem

text: Bible

text: both

text: editions

text: was

text: prepared

question: What country has produced a large number of preachers?

answer: France

text: France

question: What Dominican Friar inugurated the conferences of Notre Dame of Paris?

answer: Père Lacordaire

text: Père Lacordaire

question: What is the name of another French Dominican friar during this time?

answer: Thomas Etourneau

text: Thomas Etourneau

question: What is one of the leading international centers for biblical research?

answer: the École Biblique et Archéologique française de Jérusalem

text: the École Biblique et Archéologique française de Jérusalem

question: What was prepared at the Ecole Biblique?

answer: Jerusalem Bible

text: Jerusalem Bible

question: What country has produced a large number of nuns?

text: France

question: What Benedictine Friar inaugurated the conference of Notre Dame of Paris?

text: Père Lacordaire

question: What is the name of another English Benedictine friar during this time?

text: Thomas Etourneau

question: What did English Dominican found and administer?

question: What was not prepared at the Ecole Biblique?

text: Jerusalem Bible


text: Primary sex characteristics are those directly related to the sex organs. In males, the first stages of puberty involve growth of the testes and scrotum, followed by growth of the penis. At the time that the penis develops, the seminal vesicles, the prostate, and the bulbourethral gland also enlarge and develop. The first ejaculation of seminal fluid generally occurs about one year after the beginning of accelerated penis growth, although this is often determined culturally rather than biologically, since for many boys first ejaculation occurs as a result of masturbation. Boys are generally fertile before they have an adult appearance.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: Primary

text: sex

text: characteristics

text: are

text: those

text: directly

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: sex

text: organs

text: In

text: males

text: the

text: first

text: stages

text: of

text: puberty

text: involve

text: growth

text: of

text: the

text: testes

text: and

text: scrotum

text: followed

text: by

text: growth

text: of

text: the

text: penis

text: At

text: the

text: time

text: that

text: the

text: penis

text: develops

text: the

text: seminal

text: vesicles

text: the

text: prostate

text: and

text: the

text: bulbourethral

text: gland

text: also

text: enlarge

text: and

text: develop

text: The

text: first

text: ejaculation

text: of

text: seminal

text: fluid

text: generally

text: occurs

text: about

text: one

text: year

text: after

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: accelerated

text: penis

text: growth

text: although

text: this

text: is

text: often

text: determined

text: culturally

text: rather

text: than

text: biologically

text: since

text: for

text: many

text: boys

text: first

text: ejaculation

text: occurs

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: masturbation

text: Boys

text: are

text: generally

text: fertile

text: before

text: they

text: have

text: an

text: adult

text: appearance

question: What activity often results in a boy's first ejaculation?

answer: masturbation

text: masturbation

question: What are primary sex characteristics?

answer: those directly related to the sex organs

text: those directly related to the sex organs

question: What does the first stage of puberty involve for males?

answer: growth of the testes and scrotum

text: growth of the testes and scrotum

question: After growth of the testes and scrotum, while male body part experiences growth next?

answer: penis

text: penis

question: Which male body parts enlarge and develop at the same time as the penis?

answer: seminal vesicles, the prostate, and the bulbourethral gland

text: seminal vesicles, the prostate, and the bulbourethral gland


text: Islamic architecture used mosaic technique to decorate religious buildings and palaces after the Muslim conquests of the eastern provinces of the Byzantine Empire. In Syria and Egypt the Arabs were influenced by the great tradition of Roman and Early Christian mosaic art. During the Umayyad Dynasty mosaic making remained a flourishing art form in Islamic culture and it is continued in the art of zellige and azulejo in various parts of the Arab world, although tile was to become the main Islamic form of wall decoration.

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: Islamic

text: architecture

text: used

text: mosaic

text: technique

text: to

text: decorate

text: religious

text: buildings

text: and

text: palaces

text: after

text: the

text: Muslim

text: conquests

text: of

text: the

text: eastern

text: provinces

text: of

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: Empire

text: In

text: Syria

text: and

text: Egypt

text: the

text: Arabs

text: were

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: great

text: tradition

text: of

text: Roman

text: and

text: Early

text: Christian

text: mosaic

text: art

text: During

text: the

text: Umayyad

text: Dynasty

text: mosaic

text: making

text: remained

text: a

text: flourishing

text: art

text: form

text: in

text: Islamic

text: culture

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: continued

text: in

text: the

text: art

text: of

text: zellige

text: and

text: azulejo

text: in

text: various

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: although

text: tile

text: was

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: main

text: Islamic

text: form

text: of

text: wall

text: decoration

question: Who conquered the Eastern Provinces of the Byzantine empire?

answer: Muslim

text: Muslim

question: In Syria and Egypt, other than early Christians, who influenced their mosaic work?

answer: Roman

text: Roman

question: What would later become the main Islamic form of wall decoration?

answer: tile

text: tile

question: The Umayyad Dynasty made mosaic making do what in the Islamic culture?

answer: remained a flourishing art form

text: remained a flourishing art form