text: Most common are historical works where the protagonist is either a samurai or former samurai (or another rank or position) who possesses considerable martial skill. Eiji Yoshikawa is one of the most famous Japanese historical novelists. His retellings of popular works, including Taiko, Musashi and Heike Tale, are popular among readers for their epic narratives and rich realism in depicting samurai and warrior culture.[citation needed] The samurai have also appeared frequently in Japanese comics (manga) and animation (anime). Samurai-like characters are not just restricted to historical settings and a number of works set in the modern age, and even the future, include characters who live, train and fight like samurai. Examples are Samurai Champloo, Requiem from the Darkness, Muramasa: The Demon Blade, and Afro Samurai. Some of these works have made their way to the west, where it has been increasing in popularity with America.

title: Samurai

title: Samurai

text: Most

text: common

text: are

text: historical

text: works

text: where

text: the

text: protagonist

text: is

text: either

text: a

text: samurai

text: or

text: former

text: samurai

text: or

text: another

text: rank

text: or

text: position

text: who

text: possesses

text: considerable

text: martial

text: skill

text: Eiji

text: Yoshikawa

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: famous

text: Japanese

text: historical

text: novelists

text: His

text: retellings

text: of

text: popular

text: works

text: including

text: Taiko

text: Musashi

text: and

text: Heike

text: Tale

text: are

text: popular

text: among

text: readers

text: for

text: their

text: epic

text: narratives

text: and

text: rich

text: realism

text: in

text: depicting

text: samurai

text: and

text: warrior

text: culture.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: samurai

text: have

text: also

text: appeared

text: frequently

text: in

text: Japanese

text: comics

text: manga

text: and

text: animation

text: anime

text: Samurai

text: like

text: characters

text: are

text: not

text: just

text: restricted

text: to

text: historical

text: settings

text: and

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: works

text: set

text: in

text: the

text: modern

text: age

text: and

text: even

text: the

text: future

text: include

text: characters

text: who

text: live

text: train

text: and

text: fight

text: like

text: samurai

text: Examples

text: are

text: Samurai

text: Champloo

text: Requiem

text: from

text: the

text: Darkness

text: Muramasa

text: The

text: Demon

text: Blade

text: and

text: Afro

text: Samurai

text: Some

text: of

text: these

text: works

text: have

text: made

text: their

text: way

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: where

text: it

text: has

text: been

text: increasing

text: in

text: popularity

text: with

text: America

question: Who is Eiji Yoshikawa?

answer: one of the most famous Japanese historical novelists

text: one of the most famous Japanese historical novelists

question: Why are Eiji Yoshikawa's books popular?

answer: for their epic narratives and rich realism in depicting samurai and warrior culture

text: for their epic narratives and rich realism in depicting samurai and warrior culture

question: What are Japanese comic books called?

answer: manga

text: manga

question: What are Japanese animation called?

answer: anime

text: anime


text: The term pewter covers a variety of alloys consisting primarily of tin. As a pure metal, tin was much too soft to be used for any practical purpose. However, in the Bronze age, tin was a rare metal and, in many parts of Europe and the Mediterranean, was often valued higher than gold. To make jewelry, forks and spoons, or other objects from tin, it was usually alloyed with other metals to increase its strength and hardness. These metals were typically lead, antimony, bismuth or copper. These solutes sometimes were added individually in varying amounts, or added together, making a wide variety of things, ranging from practical items, like dishes, surgical tools, candlesticks or funnels, to decorative items such as ear rings and hair clips.

title: Alloy

title: Alloy

text: The

text: term

text: pewter

text: covers

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: alloys

text: consisting

text: primarily

text: of

text: tin

text: As

text: a

text: pure

text: metal

text: tin

text: was

text: much

text: too

text: soft

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: for

text: any

text: practical

text: purpose

text: However

text: in

text: the

text: Bronze

text: age

text: tin

text: was

text: a

text: rare

text: metal

text: and

text: in

text: many

text: parts

text: of

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: was

text: often

text: valued

text: higher

text: than

text: gold

text: To

text: make

text: jewelry

text: forks

text: and

text: spoons

text: or

text: other

text: objects

text: from

text: tin

text: it

text: was

text: usually

text: alloyed

text: with

text: other

text: metals

text: to

text: increase

text: its

text: strength

text: and

text: hardness

text: These

text: metals

text: were

text: typically

text: lead

text: antimony

text: bismuth

text: or

text: copper

text: These

text: solutes

text: sometimes

text: were

text: added

text: individually

text: in

text: varying

text: amounts

text: or

text: added

text: together

text: making

text: a

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: things

text: ranging

text: from

text: practical

text: items

text: like

text: dishes

text: surgical

text: tools

text: candlesticks

text: or

text: funnels

text: to

text: decorative

text: items

text: such

text: as

text: ear

text: rings

text: and

text: hair

text: clips

question: Pewter is mostly made up of?

answer: tin

text: tin

question: Why was tin was rarely used for everyday use?

answer: too soft

text: too soft

question: During the bronze age, which metal was valued higher than gold in Europe and the Mediterranean?

answer: tin

text: tin

question: What was done to tin to make it stronger?

answer: alloyed with other metals

text: alloyed with other metals

question: What metals were alloyed with tin to make it stronger?

answer: lead, antimony, bismuth or copper

text: lead, antimony, bismuth or copper

question: What alloys consist primarily of lead?

text: pewter

question: What was tend to rare to be used for?

text: practical purpose

question: Where was gold the highest valued metal during the Bronze Age?

text: Europe and the Mediterranean

question: What practical items were made from tin without solutes


text: However many early history books like the Islamic Conquest of Syria Fatuhusham by al-Imam al-Waqidi state that after the conversion to Islam Muawiyah's father Abu Sufyan ibn Harb and his brothers Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan were appointed as commanders in the Muslim armies by Muhammad. Muawiyah, Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan and Hind bint Utbah fought in the Battle of Yarmouk. The defeat of the Byzantine Emperor Heraclius at the Battle of Yarmouk opened the way for the Muslim expansion into Jerusalem and Syria.

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

text: However

text: many

text: early

text: history

text: books

text: like

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Conquest

text: of

text: Syria

text: Fatuhusham

text: by

text: al

text: Imam

text: al

text: Waqidi

text: state

text: that

text: after

text: the

text: conversion

text: to

text: Islam

text: Muawiyah

text: 's

text: father

text: Abu

text: Sufyan

text: ibn

text: Harb

text: and

text: his

text: brothers

text: Yazid

text: ibn

text: Abi

text: Sufyan

text: were

text: appointed

text: as

text: commanders

text: in

text: the

text: Muslim

text: armies

text: by

text: Muhammad

text: Muawiyah

text: Abu

text: Sufyan

text: ibn

text: Harb

text: Yazid

text: ibn

text: Abi

text: Sufyan

text: and

text: Hind

text: bint

text: Utbah

text: fought

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Yarmouk

text: The

text: defeat

text: of

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: Emperor

text: Heraclius

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Yarmouk

text: opened

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: the

text: Muslim

text: expansion

text: into

text: Jerusalem

text: and

text: Syria

question: What nation lost the Battle of Yarmouk?

answer: Byzantine

text: Byzantine

question: Who was the Byzantine leader at the Battle of Yarmouk?

answer: Heraclius

text: Heraclius

question: Along with Syria, where did the Muslims extend their control after the Battle of Yarmouk?

answer: Jerusalem

text: Jerusalem

question: Who was the father of Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan?

answer: Abu Sufyan ibn Harb

text: Abu Sufyan ibn Harb

question: Along with Muawiyah, Abu Sufyan ibn Harb and Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan, what notable Muslim participated in the Battle of Yarmouk?

answer: Hind bint Utbah

text: Hind bint Utbah

question: What is an example of a late history book?

question: What were Muawiyah's father and brothers appointed as before they converted to Islam?

text: commanders in the Muslim armies

question: Who appointed Muhammad as a commander?

text: Abu Sufyan ibn Harb

question: Who never fought at the battle of Yarmouk?

text: Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan

question: What battle did the Byzantines win?

text: Battle of Yarmouk


text: Antarctica is colder than the Arctic for three reasons. First, much of the continent is more than 3,000 m (9,800 ft) above sea level, and temperature decreases with elevation in the troposphere. Second, the Arctic Ocean covers the north polar zone: the ocean's relative warmth is transferred through the icepack and prevents temperatures in the Arctic regions from reaching the extremes typical of the land surface of Antarctica. Third, the Earth is at aphelion in July (i.e., the Earth is farthest from the Sun in the Antarctic winter), and the Earth is at perihelion in January (i.e., the Earth is closest to the Sun in the Antarctic summer). The orbital distance contributes to a colder Antarctic winter (and a warmer Antarctic summer) but the first two effects have more impact.

title: Antarctica

title: Antarctica

text: Antarctica

text: is

text: colder

text: than

text: the

text: Arctic

text: for

text: three

text: reasons

text: First

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: continent

text: is

text: more

text: than

text: m

text: ft

text: above

text: sea

text: level

text: and

text: temperature

text: decreases

text: with

text: elevation

text: in

text: the

text: troposphere

text: Second

text: the

text: Arctic

text: Ocean

text: covers

text: the

text: north

text: polar

text: zone

text: the

text: ocean

text: 's

text: relative

text: warmth

text: is

text: transferred

text: through

text: the

text: icepack

text: and

text: prevents

text: temperatures

text: in

text: the

text: Arctic

text: regions

text: from

text: reaching

text: the

text: extremes

text: typical

text: of

text: the

text: land

text: surface

text: of

text: Antarctica

text: Third

text: the

text: Earth

text: is

text: at

text: aphelion

text: in

text: July

text: i.e.

text: the

text: Earth

text: is

text: farthest

text: from

text: the

text: Sun

text: in

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: winter

text: and

text: the

text: Earth

text: is

text: at

text: perihelion

text: in

text: January

text: i.e.

text: the

text: Earth

text: is

text: closest

text: to

text: the

text: Sun

text: in

text: the

text: Antarctic

text: summer

text: The

text: orbital

text: distance

text: contributes

text: to

text: a

text: colder

text: Antarctic

text: winter

text: and

text: a

text: warmer

text: Antarctic

text: summer

text: but

text: the

text: first

text: two

text: effects

text: have

text: more

text: impact

question: Which of the the poles is colder?

answer: Antarctica

text: Antarctica

question: How high is the continent of Antarctica above sea level?

answer: 3,000 m

text: 3,000 m

question: How does the Arctic Ocean warm the Arctic?

answer: warmth is transferred

text: warmth is transferred

question: What contributes to the Antarctic cold?

answer: orbital distance

text: orbital distance

question: What does temperature do with elevation?

answer: decreases

text: decreases

question: What is one reason the Actric colder than Antarctica?

question: How far above sea level is the Arctic?

text: 3,000 m (9,800 ft)

question: What increases with elevation in the tropasphere?

text: temperature

question: How does the Arctic Ocean warm Antarctica?

question: How many reasons are given for the Arctic being colder than Antarctica?

text: three

question: What continent is 3,000 ft above sea level?

text: Antarctica

question: What does the distance orbital contribute to?

text: a colder Antarctic winter

question: What continent is 9,800 m above sea level?

text: Antarctica


text: While Nasser was increasingly criticized by Egyptian intellectuals following the Six-Day War and his death in 1970, the general public was persistently sympathetic both during and after Nasser's life. According to political scientist Mahmoud Hamad, writing in 2008, "nostalgia for Nasser is easily sensed in Egypt and all Arab countries today". General malaise in Egyptian society, particularly during the Mubarak era, augmented nostalgia for Nasser's presidency, which increasingly became associated with the ideals of national purpose, hope, social cohesion, and vibrant culture.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: While

text: Nasser

text: was

text: increasingly

text: criticized

text: by

text: Egyptian

text: intellectuals

text: following

text: the

text: Six

text: Day

text: War

text: and

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: the

text: general

text: public

text: was

text: persistently

text: sympathetic

text: both

text: during

text: and

text: after

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: life

text: According

text: to

text: political

text: scientist

text: Mahmoud

text: Hamad

text: writing

text: in

text: nostalgia

text: for

text: Nasser

text: is

text: easily

text: sensed

text: in

text: Egypt

text: and

text: all

text: Arab

text: countries

text: today

text: General

text: malaise

text: in

text: Egyptian

text: society

text: particularly

text: during

text: the

text: Mubarak

text: era

text: augmented

text: nostalgia

text: for

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: presidency

text: which

text: increasingly

text: became

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: ideals

text: of

text: national

text: purpose

text: hope

text: social

text: cohesion

text: and

text: vibrant

text: culture

question: Who was most critical of Nasser's rule?

answer: Egyptian intellectuals

text: Egyptian intellectuals

question: What event generated criticism of Nasser from Egypt's elite?

answer: Six-Day War

text: Six-Day War

question: During whose presidency were Egyptians nostalgic for Nasser?

answer: Mubarak

text: Mubarak

question: What ideals are associated with Nasser's time as prsident?

answer: national purpose, hope, social cohesion, and vibrant culture

text: national purpose, hope, social cohesion, and vibrant culture


text: In a WRIM, the rotor winding is made of many turns of insulated wire and is connected to slip rings on the motor shaft. An external resistor or other control devices can be connected in the rotor circuit. Resistors allow control of the motor speed, although significant power is dissipated in the external resistance. A converter can be fed from the rotor circuit and return the slip-frequency power that would otherwise be wasted back into the power system through an inverter or separate motor-generator.

title: Electric_motor

title: Electric_motor

text: In

text: a

text: WRIM

text: the

text: rotor

text: winding

text: is

text: made

text: of

text: many

text: turns

text: of

text: insulated

text: wire

text: and

text: is

text: connected

text: to

text: slip

text: rings

text: on

text: the

text: motor

text: shaft

text: An

text: external

text: resistor

text: or

text: other

text: control

text: devices

text: can

text: be

text: connected

text: in

text: the

text: rotor

text: circuit

text: Resistors

text: allow

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: motor

text: speed

text: although

text: significant

text: power

text: is

text: dissipated

text: in

text: the

text: external

text: resistance

text: A

text: converter

text: can

text: be

text: fed

text: from

text: the

text: rotor

text: circuit

text: and

text: return

text: the

text: slip

text: frequency

text: power

text: that

text: would

text: otherwise

text: be

text: wasted

text: back

text: into

text: the

text: power

text: system

text: through

text: an

text: inverter

text: or

text: separate

text: motor

text: generator

question: Where might a resistor be attached?

answer: rotor circuit

text: rotor circuit

question: What can a resistor control?

answer: motor speed

text: motor speed

question: How might wasted power be salvaged?

answer: inverter or separate motor-generator

text: inverter or separate motor-generator

question: From where may a converter be fed?

answer: rotor circuit

text: rotor circuit

question: Where might a resistor not be attached?

text: rotor circuit

question: What can a resistor never control?

text: motor speed

question: How might wasted power not be salvaged?

text: inverter or separate motor-generator

question: From where won't a converter be fed?

text: rotor circuit


text: On 7 June 1950, Kim Il-sung called for a Korea-wide election on 5–8 August 1950 and a consultative conference in Haeju on 15–17 June 1950. On 11 June, the North sent three diplomats to the South, as a peace overture that Rhee rejected. On 21 June, Kim Il-Sung revised his war plan to involve general attack across the 38th parallel, rather than a limited operation in the Ongjin peninsula. Kim was concerned that South Korean agents had learned about the plans and South Korean forces were strengthening their defenses. Stalin agreed to this change of plan.

title: Korean_War

title: Korean_War

text: On

text: June

text: Kim

text: Il

text: sung

text: called

text: for

text: a

text: Korea

text: wide

text: election

text: on

text: August

text: and

text: a

text: consultative

text: conference

text: in

text: Haeju

text: on

text: June

text: On

text: June

text: the

text: North

text: sent

text: three

text: diplomats

text: to

text: the

text: South

text: as

text: a

text: peace

text: overture

text: that

text: Rhee

text: rejected

text: On

text: June

text: Kim

text: Il

text: Sung

text: revised

text: his

text: war

text: plan

text: to

text: involve

text: general

text: attack

text: across

text: the

text: parallel

text: rather

text: than

text: a

text: limited

text: operation

text: in

text: the

text: Ongjin

text: peninsula

text: Kim

text: was

text: concerned

text: that

text: South

text: Korean

text: agents

text: had

text: learned

text: about

text: the

text: plans

text: and

text: South

text: Korean

text: forces

text: were

text: strengthening

text: their

text: defenses

text: Stalin

text: agreed

text: to

text: this

text: change

text: of

text: plan

question: Who called for Korean elections in 1950?

answer: Kim Il-sung

text: Kim Il-sung

question: Who rejected the peace gesture?

answer: Rhee

text: Rhee

question: What did Kim Il-Sung do after the peace overture was rejected?

answer: revised his war plan

text: revised his war plan

question: Why did Kim's war plan need revising?

answer: South Korean agents had learned about the plans

text: South Korean agents had learned about the plans

question: When did Kim Il-Sung call for the Haeju conference?

answer: 1950


text: While President Truman had begun the process of desegregating the Armed Forces in 1948, actual implementation had been slow. Eisenhower made clear his stance in his first State of the Union address in February 1953, saying "I propose to use whatever authority exists in the office of the President to end segregation in the District of Columbia, including the Federal Government, and any segregation in the Armed Forces". When he encountered opposition from the services, he used government control of military spending to force the change through, stating "Wherever Federal Funds are expended ..., I do not see how any American can justify ... a discrimination in the expenditure of those funds".

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: While

text: President

text: Truman

text: had

text: begun

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: desegregating

text: the

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: in

text: actual

text: implementation

text: had

text: been

text: slow

text: Eisenhower

text: made

text: clear

text: his

text: stance

text: in

text: his

text: first

text: State

text: of

text: the

text: Union

text: address

text: in

text: February

text: saying

text: I

text: propose

text: to

text: use

text: whatever

text: authority

text: exists

text: in

text: the

text: office

text: of

text: the

text: President

text: to

text: end

text: segregation

text: in

text: the

text: District

text: of

text: Columbia

text: including

text: the

text: Federal

text: Government

text: and

text: any

text: segregation

text: in

text: the

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: When

text: he

text: encountered

text: opposition

text: from

text: the

text: services

text: he

text: used

text: government

text: control

text: of

text: military

text: spending

text: to

text: force

text: the

text: change

text: through

text: stating

text: Wherever

text: Federal

text: Funds

text: are

text: expended

text: I

text: do

text: not

text: see

text: how

text: any

text: American

text: can

text: justify

text: a

text: discrimination

text: in

text: the

text: expenditure

text: of

text: those

text: funds

question: Which president initially began to desegregate the US military?

answer: Truman

text: Truman

question: When did the desegregation of the United States Armed Forces begin?

answer: 1948

question: When did Eisenhower deliver his first State of the Union?

answer: February 1953

text: February 1953

question: What control did Eisenhower use to push through desegregation?

answer: military spending

text: military spending

question: In what geographical area did Eisenhower promise to end desegregation in his State of the Union address?

answer: District of Columbia

text: District of Columbia


text: On 30 March, Nasser proclaimed a manifesto stipulating the restoration of civil liberties, greater parliamentary independence from the executive, major structural changes to the ASU, and a campaign to rid the government of corrupt elements. A public referendum approved the proposed measures in May, and held subsequent elections for the Supreme Executive Committee, the ASU's highest decision-making body. Observers noted that the declaration signaled an important shift from political repression to liberalization, although its promises would largely go unfulfilled.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: On

text: March

text: Nasser

text: proclaimed

text: a

text: manifesto

text: stipulating

text: the

text: restoration

text: of

text: civil

text: liberties

text: greater

text: parliamentary

text: independence

text: from

text: the

text: executive

text: major

text: structural

text: changes

text: to

text: the

text: ASU

text: and

text: a

text: campaign

text: to

text: rid

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: corrupt

text: elements

text: A

text: public

text: referendum

text: approved

text: the

text: proposed

text: measures

text: in

text: May

text: and

text: held

text: subsequent

text: elections

text: for

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Executive

text: Committee

text: the

text: ASU

text: 's

text: highest

text: decision

text: making

text: body

text: Observers

text: noted

text: that

text: the

text: declaration

text: signaled

text: an

text: important

text: shift

text: from

text: political

text: repression

text: to

text: liberalization

text: although

text: its

text: promises

text: would

text: largely

text: go

text: unfulfilled

question: What organization was to undergo a big overhaul?

answer: ASU

text: ASU

question: What trend was Nasser trying to cause?

answer: liberalization

text: liberalization

question: How did Nasser's promises of increased freedoms turn out?

answer: unfulfilled

text: unfulfilled

question: How did Nasser want to change the relationship between parliament and the executive?

answer: independence

text: independence


text: However, if the debt rescheduling causes losses on loans held by European banks, it weakens the private banking system, which then puts pressure on the central bank to come to the aid of those banks. Private-sector bond holders are an integral part of the public and private banking system. Another possible response is for wealthy member countries to guarantee or purchase the debt of countries that have defaulted or are likely to default. This alternative requires that the tax revenues and credit of the wealthy member countries be used to refinance the previous borrowing of the weaker member countries, and is politically controversial.

title: European_Central_Bank

title: European_Central_Bank

text: However

text: if

text: the

text: debt

text: rescheduling

text: causes

text: losses

text: on

text: loans

text: held

text: by

text: European

text: banks

text: it

text: weakens

text: the

text: private

text: banking

text: system

text: which

text: then

text: puts

text: pressure

text: on

text: the

text: central

text: bank

text: to

text: come

text: to

text: the

text: aid

text: of

text: those

text: banks

text: Private

text: sector

text: bond

text: holders

text: are

text: an

text: integral

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: public

text: and

text: private

text: banking

text: system

text: Another

text: possible

text: response

text: is

text: for

text: wealthy

text: member

text: countries

text: to

text: guarantee

text: or

text: purchase

text: the

text: debt

text: of

text: countries

text: that

text: have

text: defaulted

text: or

text: are

text: likely

text: to

text: default

text: This

text: alternative

text: requires

text: that

text: the

text: tax

text: revenues

text: and

text: credit

text: of

text: the

text: wealthy

text: member

text: countries

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: refinance

text: the

text: previous

text: borrowing

text: of

text: the

text: weaker

text: member

text: countries

text: and

text: is

text: politically

text: controversial

question: What would cause the private banking system to weaken?

answer: if the debt rescheduling causes losses on loans held by European banks

text: if the debt rescheduling causes losses on loans held by European banks

question: Who purchases the debt of countries that cannot repay and are in danger of default?

answer: wealthy member countries

text: wealthy member countries

question: What happens when the private banking system is weakened?

answer: pressure on the central bank to come to the aid of those banks

text: pressure on the central bank to come to the aid of those banks

question: What is to be used to guarantee the debtors repayment, by the banks assuming their debt?

answer: tax revenues and credit of the wealthy member countries

text: tax revenues and credit of the wealthy member countries

question: Is using the tax revenues and credit of the more stable banks to bail out the ones in danger of default an accepted practice?

answer: is politically controversial

text: is politically controversial

question: What would cause the private banking system to strengthen?

question: Who steals the debt of countries that cannot repay and are in danger of default?

text: wealthy member countries

question: What happens when the private banking system is gone?

question: What is never to be used to guarantee the debtors repayment, by the banks assuming their debt?

question: Why is using the tax revenues and credit of the more stable banks to bail out the ones in danger of default an accepted practice?

text: politically controversial


text: The first recorded nutritional experiment with human subjects is found in the Bible's Book of Daniel. Daniel and his friends were captured by the king of Babylon during an invasion of Israel. Selected as court servants, they were to share in the king's fine foods and wine. But they objected, preferring vegetables (pulses) and water in accordance with their Jewish dietary restrictions. The king's chief steward reluctantly agreed to a trial. Daniel and his friends received their diet for 10 days and were then compared to the king's men. Appearing healthier, they were allowed to continue with their diet.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: The

text: first

text: recorded

text: nutritional

text: experiment

text: with

text: human

text: subjects

text: is

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: Bible

text: 's

text: Book

text: of

text: Daniel

text: Daniel

text: and

text: his

text: friends

text: were

text: captured

text: by

text: the

text: king

text: of

text: Babylon

text: during

text: an

text: invasion

text: of

text: Israel

text: Selected

text: as

text: court

text: servants

text: they

text: were

text: to

text: share

text: in

text: the

text: king

text: 's

text: fine

text: foods

text: and

text: wine

text: But

text: they

text: objected

text: preferring

text: vegetables

text: pulses

text: and

text: water

text: in

text: accordance

text: with

text: their

text: Jewish

text: dietary

text: restrictions

text: The

text: king

text: 's

text: chief

text: steward

text: reluctantly

text: agreed

text: to

text: a

text: trial

text: Daniel

text: and

text: his

text: friends

text: received

text: their

text: diet

text: for

text: days

text: and

text: were

text: then

text: compared

text: to

text: the

text: king

text: 's

text: men

text: Appearing

text: healthier

text: they

text: were

text: allowed

text: to

text: continue

text: with

text: their

text: diet

question: What does the Book of Daniel contain?

answer: first recorded nutritional experiment with human subjects

text: first recorded nutritional experiment with human subjects

question: Which country was being invaded when Daniel and his friends were captured?

answer: Israel

text: Israel

question: What occupation were Daniel and his friends originally meant to have?

answer: court servants

text: court servants

question: How long did the trial diet last?

answer: 10 days

text: 10 days

question: What is another term for vegetables that was used?

answer: pulses

text: pulses


text: Initially, prajñā is attained at a conceptual level by means of listening to sermons (dharma talks), reading, studying, and sometimes reciting Buddhist texts and engaging in discourse. Once the conceptual understanding is attained, it is applied to daily life so that each Buddhist can verify the truth of the Buddha's teaching at a practical level. Notably, one could in theory attain Nirvana at any point of practice, whether deep in meditation, listening to a sermon, conducting the business of one's daily life, or any other activity.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Initially

text: prajñā

text: is

text: attained

text: at

text: a

text: conceptual

text: level

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: listening

text: to

text: sermons

text: dharma

text: talks

text: reading

text: studying

text: and

text: sometimes

text: reciting

text: Buddhist

text: texts

text: and

text: engaging

text: in

text: discourse

text: Once

text: the

text: conceptual

text: understanding

text: is

text: attained

text: it

text: is

text: applied

text: to

text: daily

text: life

text: so

text: that

text: each

text: Buddhist

text: can

text: verify

text: the

text: truth

text: of

text: the

text: Buddha

text: 's

text: teaching

text: at

text: a

text: practical

text: level

text: Notably

text: one

text: could

text: in

text: theory

text: attain

text: Nirvana

text: at

text: any

text: point

text: of

text: practice

text: whether

text: deep

text: in

text: meditation

text: listening

text: to

text: a

text: sermon

text: conducting

text: the

text: business

text: of

text: one

text: 's

text: daily

text: life

text: or

text: any

text: other

text: activity

question: Initially prajna is attained at a conceptual level by means of listening to what?

answer: sermons

text: sermons

question: In theory when can one attain Nirvana during practice?

answer: at any point

text: at any point

question: What can be applied to daily life once it is attained?

answer: conceptual understanding

text: conceptual understanding


text: Across continental Europe, but in France especially, booksellers and publishers had to negotiate censorship laws of varying strictness. The Encyclopédie, for example, narrowly escaped seizure and had to be saved by Malesherbes, the man in charge of the French censure. Indeed, many publishing companies were conveniently located outside France so as to avoid overzealous French censors. They would smuggle their merchandise across the border, where it would then be transported to clandestine booksellers or small-time peddlers. The records of clandestine booksellers may give a better representation of what literate Frenchmen might have truly read, since their clandestine nature provided a less restrictive product choice. In one case, political books were the most popular category, primarily libels and pamphlets. Readers were more interested in sensationalist stories about criminals and political corruption than they were in political theory itself. The second most popular category, "general works" (those books "that did not have a dominant motif and that contained something to offend almost everyone in authority") demonstrated a high demand for generally low-brow subversive literature. However, these works never became part of literary canon, and are largely forgotten today as a result.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: Across

text: continental

text: Europe

text: but

text: in

text: France

text: especially

text: booksellers

text: and

text: publishers

text: had

text: to

text: negotiate

text: censorship

text: laws

text: of

text: varying

text: strictness

text: The

text: Encyclopédie

text: for

text: example

text: narrowly

text: escaped

text: seizure

text: and

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: saved

text: by

text: Malesherbes

text: the

text: man

text: in

text: charge

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: censure

text: Indeed

text: many

text: publishing

text: companies

text: were

text: conveniently

text: located

text: outside

text: France

text: so

text: as

text: to

text: avoid

text: overzealous

text: French

text: censors

text: They

text: would

text: smuggle

text: their

text: merchandise

text: across

text: the

text: border

text: where

text: it

text: would

text: then

text: be

text: transported

text: to

text: clandestine

text: booksellers

text: or

text: small

text: time

text: peddlers

text: The

text: records

text: of

text: clandestine

text: booksellers

text: may

text: give

text: a

text: better

text: representation

text: of

text: what

text: literate

text: Frenchmen

text: might

text: have

text: truly

text: read

text: since

text: their

text: clandestine

text: nature

text: provided

text: a

text: less

text: restrictive

text: product

text: choice

text: In

text: one

text: case

text: political

text: books

text: were

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: category

text: primarily

text: libels

text: and

text: pamphlets

text: Readers

text: were

text: more

text: interested

text: in

text: sensationalist

text: stories

text: about

text: criminals

text: and

text: political

text: corruption

text: than

text: they

text: were

text: in

text: political

text: theory

text: itself

text: The

text: second

text: most

text: popular

text: category

text: general

text: works

text: those

text: books

text: that

text: did

text: not

text: have

text: a

text: dominant

text: motif

text: and

text: that

text: contained

text: something

text: to

text: offend

text: almost

text: everyone

text: in

text: authority

text: demonstrated

text: a

text: high

text: demand

text: for

text: generally

text: low

text: brow

text: subversive

text: literature

text: However

text: these

text: works

text: never

text: became

text: part

text: of

text: literary

text: canon

text: and

text: are

text: largely

text: forgotten

text: today

text: as

text: a

text: result

question: Book sellers and publishers had to negotiate censorship laws of varying strictness in what country, especially?

answer: France

text: France

question: Which work narrowly escaped seizure and had to be saved by Malesherbes?

answer: The Encyclopédie

text: The Encyclopédie

question: Many publishing companies were located outside of which country to avoid overzealous censors?

answer: France

text: France

question: Readers were more interested in sensationalist stories about what topics than they were in political theory itself?

answer: criminals and political corruption

text: criminals and political corruption

question: What was the term given to books that did not have a dominant motif and contained something to offend almost everyone in authority?

answer: general works

text: general works


text: In 1980, the Soviet Union, which then ruled his birthplace Bukhara, celebrated the thousandth anniversary of Avicenna's birth by circulating various commemorative stamps with artistic illustrations, and by erecting a bust of Avicenna based on anthropological research by Soviet scholars.[citation needed] Near his birthplace in Qishlak Afshona, some 25 km (16 mi) north of Bukhara, a training college for medical staff has been named for him.[year needed] On the grounds is a museum dedicated to his life, times and work.[citation needed]

title: Avicenna

title: Avicenna

text: In

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: which

text: then

text: ruled

text: his

text: birthplace

text: Bukhara

text: celebrated

text: the

text: thousandth

text: anniversary

text: of

text: Avicenna

text: 's

text: birth

text: by

text: circulating

text: various

text: commemorative

text: stamps

text: with

text: artistic

text: illustrations

text: and

text: by

text: erecting

text: a

text: bust

text: of

text: Avicenna

text: based

text: on

text: anthropological

text: research

text: by

text: Soviet

text: scholars.[citation

text: needed

text: Near

text: his

text: birthplace

text: in

text: Qishlak

text: Afshona

text: some

text: km

text: mi

text: north

text: of

text: Bukhara

text: a

text: training

text: college

text: for

text: medical

text: staff

text: has

text: been

text: named

text: for

text: him.[year

text: needed

text: On

text: the

text: grounds

text: is

text: a

text: museum

text: dedicated

text: to

text: his

text: life

text: times

text: and

text: work.[citation

text: needed

question: What superpower in 1980 created a stamp in honor of Avicenna?

answer: the Soviet Union

text: the Soviet Union

question: What was Avicenna's birthplace?

answer: Bukhara

text: Bukhara

question: A medical staff training college named in his honor is how many miles away from his birthplace?

answer: 16

question: In 1980, how many years had it been since Avicenna's birth?

answer: thousand

text: thousand

question: Besides stamps, what did the Soviet Union also create in Avicenna's honor?

answer: a bust

text: a bust

question: What superpower in 1908 created a stamp in honor of Avicenna?

text: the Soviet Union

question: What was Avicenna's death place?

text: Bukhara

question: A medical staff training college named in his honor is how many kilometers away from his birthplace?

text: 16 mi

question: In 1980, how many years had it been since Avicenna's death?

text: thousand

question: Besides stamps, what did the Soviet Union also destroy in Avicenna's honor?

text: a bust


text: The quarter-wave elements imitate a series-resonant electrical element due to the standing wave present along the conductor. At the resonant frequency, the standing wave has a current peak and voltage node (minimum) at the feed. In electrical terms, this means the element has minimum reactance, generating the maximum current for minimum voltage. This is the ideal situation, because it produces the maximum output for the minimum input, producing the highest possible efficiency. Contrary to an ideal (lossless) series-resonant circuit, a finite resistance remains (corresponding to the relatively small voltage at the feed-point) due to the antenna's radiation resistance as well as any actual electrical losses.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: The

text: quarter

text: wave

text: elements

text: imitate

text: a

text: series

text: resonant

text: electrical

text: element

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: standing

text: wave

text: present

text: along

text: the

text: conductor

text: At

text: the

text: resonant

text: frequency

text: the

text: standing

text: wave

text: has

text: a

text: current

text: peak

text: and

text: voltage

text: node

text: minimum

text: at

text: the

text: feed

text: In

text: electrical

text: terms

text: this

text: means

text: the

text: element

text: has

text: minimum

text: reactance

text: generating

text: the

text: maximum

text: current

text: for

text: minimum

text: voltage

text: This

text: is

text: the

text: ideal

text: situation

text: because

text: it

text: produces

text: the

text: maximum

text: output

text: for

text: the

text: minimum

text: input

text: producing

text: the

text: highest

text: possible

text: efficiency

text: Contrary

text: to

text: an

text: ideal

text: lossless

text: series

text: resonant

text: circuit

text: a

text: finite

text: resistance

text: remains

text: corresponding

text: to

text: the

text: relatively

text: small

text: voltage

text: at

text: the

text: feed

text: point

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: antenna

text: 's

text: radiation

text: resistance

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: any

text: actual

text: electrical

text: losses

question: How do quarter wave elements act in relation to a series relevant electrical element?

answer: imitate

text: imitate

question: What frequency develops a current peak?

answer: resonant frequency

text: resonant frequency

question: How would you describe a current that has maximum efficiency?

answer: minimum reactance

text: minimum reactance

question: What could be the best possible output versus input ratio?

answer: lossless

text: lossless


text: Despite its domestic focus, the FBI also maintains a significant international footprint, operating 60 Legal Attache (LEGAT) offices and 15 sub-offices in U.S. embassies and consulates across the globe. These overseas offices exist primarily for the purpose of coordination with foreign security services and do not usually conduct unilateral operations in the host countries. The FBI can and does at times carry out secret activities overseas, just as the CIA has a limited domestic function; these activities generally require coordination across government agencies.

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

text: Despite

text: its

text: domestic

text: focus

text: the

text: FBI

text: also

text: maintains

text: a

text: significant

text: international

text: footprint

text: operating

text: Legal

text: Attache

text: LEGAT

text: offices

text: and

text: sub

text: offices

text: in

text: U.S.

text: embassies

text: and

text: consulates

text: across

text: the

text: globe

text: These

text: overseas

text: offices

text: exist

text: primarily

text: for

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: coordination

text: with

text: foreign

text: security

text: services

text: and

text: do

text: not

text: usually

text: conduct

text: unilateral

text: operations

text: in

text: the

text: host

text: countries

text: The

text: FBI

text: can

text: and

text: does

text: at

text: times

text: carry

text: out

text: secret

text: activities

text: overseas

text: just

text: as

text: the

text: CIA

text: has

text: a

text: limited

text: domestic

text: function

text: these

text: activities

text: generally

text: require

text: coordination

text: across

text: government

text: agencies

question: What kind of work was the FBI focused on?

answer: domestic

text: domestic

question: How many LEGAT offices does the FBI operate?

answer: 60

question: Why does the FBI operate LEGAT offices?

answer: coordination with foreign security services

text: coordination with foreign security services

question: Do LEGAT offices conduct unilateral operations in host countries?

answer: not usually

text: not usually

question: What do oversea operations require?

answer: coordination

text: coordination

question: How many LEGAT offices does the CIA operate?

question: How many sub-offices in U.S. embassies does the CIA have?

question: Why does the CIA operate LEGAT offices?

question: What intelligence agency conducts unilateral operations in host countries?

text: CIA

question: What is not important in overseas operations?

text: coordination


text: On May 15, 2008 Geoffery York of the Globeandmail.com reported that the shoddily constructed buildings are commonly called "tofu buildings" because builders cut corners by replacing steel rods with thin iron wires for concrete re-inforcement; using inferior grade cement, if any at all; and using fewer bricks than they should. One local was quoted in the article as saying that "the supervising agencies did not check to see if it met the national standards."

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: On

text: May

text: Geoffery

text: York

text: of

text: the

text: Globeandmail.com

text: reported

text: that

text: the

text: shoddily

text: constructed

text: buildings

text: are

text: commonly

text: called

text: tofu

text: buildings

text: because

text: builders

text: cut

text: corners

text: by

text: replacing

text: steel

text: rods

text: with

text: thin

text: iron

text: wires

text: for

text: concrete

text: re

text: inforcement

text: using

text: inferior

text: grade

text: cement

text: if

text: any

text: at

text: all

text: and

text: using

text: fewer

text: bricks

text: than

text: they

text: should

text: One

text: local

text: was

text: quoted

text: in

text: the

text: article

text: as

text: saying

text: that

text: the

text: supervising

text: agencies

text: did

text: not

text: check

text: to

text: see

text: if

text: it

text: met

text: the

text: national

text: standards

question: Why are the buildings so shoddily built?

answer: builders cut corners

text: builders cut corners

question: What did builder's use in place of steel rods as re-inforcement?

answer: thin iron wires

text: thin iron wires

question: Who was supposed to inspect building to see if they met national standards?

answer: supervising agencies

text: supervising agencies


text: In December 1993, the Famicom received a similar redesign. It also loads cartridges through a covered slot on the top of the unit and uses non-hardwired controllers. Because HVC-101 used composite video output instead of being RF only like the HVC-001, Nintendo marketed the newer model as the AV Famicom (AV仕様ファミコン, Eibui Shiyō Famikon?). Since the new controllers don't have microphones on them like the second controller on the original console, certain games such as the Disk System version of The Legend of Zelda and Raid on Bungeling Bay will have certain tricks that cannot be replicated when played on an HVC-101 Famicom without a modded controller. However, the HVC-101 Famicom is compatible with most NES controllers due to having the same controller port. Nintendo had also released a 3D graphic capable headset. However, this peripheral was never released outside Japan.[citation needed]

title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System

title: Nintendo_Entertainment_System

text: In

text: December

text: the

text: Famicom

text: received

text: a

text: similar

text: redesign

text: It

text: also

text: loads

text: cartridges

text: through

text: a

text: covered

text: slot

text: on

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: unit

text: and

text: uses

text: non

text: hardwired

text: controllers

text: Because

text: used

text: composite

text: video

text: output

text: instead

text: of

text: being

text: RF

text: only

text: like

text: the

text: Nintendo

text: marketed

text: the

text: newer

text: model

text: as

text: the

text: AV

text: Famicom

text: AV仕様ファミコン

text: Eibui

text: Shiyō

text: Famikon

text: Since

text: the

text: new

text: controllers

text: do

text: n't

text: have

text: microphones

text: on

text: them

text: like

text: the

text: second

text: controller

text: on

text: the

text: original

text: console

text: certain

text: games

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Disk

text: System

text: version

text: of

text: The

text: Legend

text: of

text: Zelda

text: and

text: Raid

text: on

text: Bungeling

text: Bay

text: will

text: have

text: certain

text: tricks

text: that

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: replicated

text: when

text: played

text: on

text: an

text: Famicom

text: without

text: a

text: modded

text: controller

text: However

text: the

text: Famicom

text: is

text: compatible

text: with

text: most

text: NES

text: controllers

text: due

text: to

text: having

text: the

text: same

text: controller

text: port

text: Nintendo

text: had

text: also

text: released

text: a

text: graphic

text: capable

text: headset

text: However

text: this

text: peripheral

text: was

text: never

text: released

text: outside

text: Japan.[citation

text: needed

question: What month and year did the Famicom receive a redesign?

answer: December 1993

text: December 1993

question: What used composite video output?

answer: HVC-101

question: What device was RF only?

answer: HVC-001

question: What was the newer model called?

answer: AV Famicom

text: AV Famicom

question: What did Nintendo release in Japan only?

answer: 3D graphic capable headset

text: 3D graphic capable headset

question: What month and year did the Famicom get designed?

text: December 1993

question: What used composite video input?

question: What device was HD only?

question: What was the older model called?

text: AV Famicom

question: What did Nintendo release in China only?

text: graphic capable headset


text: The drunkenness and lawlessness created by gin was seen to lead to ruination and degradation of the working classes. The distinction[clarification needed] was illustrated by William Hogarth in his engravings Beer Street and Gin Lane. The Gin Act 1736 imposed high taxes on retailers and led to riots in the streets. The prohibitive duty was gradually reduced and finally abolished in 1742. The Gin Act 1751 however was more successful. It forced distillers to sell only to licensed retailers and brought gin shops under the jurisdiction of local magistrates.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: The

text: drunkenness

text: and

text: lawlessness

text: created

text: by

text: gin

text: was

text: seen

text: to

text: lead

text: to

text: ruination

text: and

text: degradation

text: of

text: the

text: working

text: classes

text: The

text: distinction[clarification

text: needed

text: was

text: illustrated

text: by

text: William

text: Hogarth

text: in

text: his

text: engravings

text: Beer

text: Street

text: and

text: Gin

text: Lane

text: The

text: Gin

text: Act

text: imposed

text: high

text: taxes

text: on

text: retailers

text: and

text: led

text: to

text: riots

text: in

text: the

text: streets

text: The

text: prohibitive

text: duty

text: was

text: gradually

text: reduced

text: and

text: finally

text: abolished

text: in

text: The

text: Gin

text: Act

text: however

text: was

text: more

text: successful

text: It

text: forced

text: distillers

text: to

text: sell

text: only

text: to

text: licensed

text: retailers

text: and

text: brought

text: gin

text: shops

text: under

text: the

text: jurisdiction

text: of

text: local

text: magistrates

question: What artist created the engraving Beer Street and Gin Lane?

answer: William Hogarth

text: William Hogarth

question: What law imposed a high tax on gin shops and resulted in riots?

answer: The Gin Act 1736

text: The Gin Act 1736

question: When were the Gin Act 1736 duties eliminated?

answer: 1742

question: What law placed gin shops under the control of local magistrates?

answer: The Gin Act 1751

text: The Gin Act 1751


text: At launch, the Xbox 360 was available in two configurations: the "Xbox 360" package (unofficially known as the 20 GB Pro or Premium), priced at US$399 or GB£279.99, and the "Xbox 360 Core", priced at US$299 and GB£209.99. The original shipment of the Xbox 360 version included a cut-down version of the Media Remote as a promotion. The Elite package was launched later at US$479. The "Xbox 360 Core" was replaced by the "Xbox 360 Arcade" in October 2007 and a 60 GB version of the Xbox 360 Pro was released on August 1, 2008. The Pro package was discontinued and marked down to US$249 on August 28, 2009 to be sold until stock ran out, while the Elite was also marked down in price to US$299.

title: Xbox_360

title: Xbox_360

text: At

text: launch

text: the

text: Xbox

text: was

text: available

text: in

text: two

text: configurations

text: the

text: Xbox

text: package

text: unofficially

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: GB

text: Pro

text: or

text: Premium

text: priced

text: at

text: US$

text: or

text: and

text: the

text: Xbox

text: Core

text: priced

text: at

text: US$

text: and

text: The

text: original

text: shipment

text: of

text: the

text: Xbox

text: version

text: included

text: a

text: cut

text: down

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: Media

text: Remote

text: as

text: a

text: promotion

text: The

text: Elite

text: package

text: was

text: launched

text: later

text: at

text: US$

text: The

text: Xbox

text: Core

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: the

text: Xbox

text: Arcade

text: in

text: October

text: and

text: a

text: GB

text: version

text: of

text: the

text: Xbox

text: Pro

text: was

text: released

text: on

text: August

text: The

text: Pro

text: package

text: was

text: discontinued

text: and

text: marked

text: down

text: to

text: US$

text: on

text: August

text: to

text: be

text: sold

text: until

text: stock

text: ran

text: out

text: while

text: the

text: Elite

text: was

text: also

text: marked

text: down

text: in

text: price

text: to

text: US$

question: The Xbox 360 Pro included what size hard drive storage?

answer: 20 GB

text: 20 GB

question: What was the official name of the lower-priced 360 SKU at launch?

answer: Xbox 360 Core

text: Xbox 360 Core

question: The Xbox 360 Elite eventually launched at what price point?

answer: US$479

question: The 360 Pro's original storage was replaced by a hard drive of what size in 2008?

answer: 60 GB

text: 60 GB

question: What did Microsoft name the SKU that replaced the 360 Core?

answer: Xbox 360 Arcade

text: Xbox 360 Arcade

question: What was the Xbox 360 Core package unofficially known as?

text: 20 GB Pro or Premium

question: What was the Media Remote priced at in USD?

question: How much was the Xbox 360 Arcade?

question: When was the Core package launched?

text: October 2007

question: What replaced the Arcade package?

text: Xbox 360 Core


text: South Africa has completed a process of transforming its "higher education landscape". Historically a division has existed in South Africa between Universities and Technikons (polytechnics) as well between institutions servicing particular racial and language groupings. In 1993 Technikons were afforded the power to award certain technology degrees.

title: Institute_of_technology

title: Institute_of_technology

text: South

text: Africa

text: has

text: completed

text: a

text: process

text: of

text: transforming

text: its

text: higher

text: education

text: landscape

text: Historically

text: a

text: division

text: has

text: existed

text: in

text: South

text: Africa

text: between

text: Universities

text: and

text: Technikons

text: polytechnics

text: as

text: well

text: between

text: institutions

text: servicing

text: particular

text: racial

text: and

text: language

text: groupings

text: In

text: Technikons

text: were

text: afforded

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: award

text: certain

text: technology

text: degrees

question: What are polytechnics called in South Africa?

answer: Technikons

text: Technikons

question: What year did Technikons gain the ability to give out technology degrees?

answer: 1993


text: Egypt's economy depends mainly on agriculture, media, petroleum imports, natural gas, and tourism; there are also more than three million Egyptians working abroad, mainly in Saudi Arabia, the Persian Gulf and Europe. The completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1970 and the resultant Lake Nasser have altered the time-honored place of the Nile River in the agriculture and ecology of Egypt. A rapidly growing population, limited arable land, and dependence on the Nile all continue to overtax resources and stress the economy.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: economy

text: depends

text: mainly

text: on

text: agriculture

text: media

text: petroleum

text: imports

text: natural

text: gas

text: and

text: tourism

text: there

text: are

text: also

text: more

text: than

text: three

text: million

text: Egyptians

text: working

text: abroad

text: mainly

text: in

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: and

text: Europe

text: The

text: completion

text: of

text: the

text: Aswan

text: High

text: Dam

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: resultant

text: Lake

text: Nasser

text: have

text: altered

text: the

text: time

text: honored

text: place

text: of

text: the

text: Nile

text: River

text: in

text: the

text: agriculture

text: and

text: ecology

text: of

text: Egypt

text: A

text: rapidly

text: growing

text: population

text: limited

text: arable

text: land

text: and

text: dependence

text: on

text: the

text: Nile

text: all

text: continue

text: to

text: overtax

text: resources

text: and

text: stress

text: the

text: economy

question: What areas of economy is Egypt dependent on?

answer: agriculture, media, petroleum imports, natural gas, and tourism

text: agriculture, media, petroleum imports, natural gas, and tourism

question: Where do Egyptians working abroad work mainly?

answer: Saudi Arabia, the Persian Gulf and Europe

text: Saudi Arabia, the Persian Gulf and Europe

question: What lake reulted from completion of Aswan High Dam?

answer: Lake Nasser

text: Lake Nasser

question: What year was Aswan High Dam completed?

answer: 1970


text: The theory of special relativity finds a convenient formulation in Minkowski spacetime, a mathematical structure that combines three dimensions of space with a single dimension of time. In this formalism, distances in space can be measured by how long light takes to travel that distance, e.g., a light-year is a measure of distance, and a meter is now defined in terms of how far light travels in a certain amount of time. Two events in Minkowski spacetime are separated by an invariant interval, which can be either space-like, light-like, or time-like. Events that have a time-like separation cannot be simultaneous in any frame of reference, there must be a temporal component (and possibly a spatial one) to their separation. Events that have a space-like separation will be simultaneous in some frame of reference, and there is no frame of reference in which they do not have a spatial separation. Different observers may calculate different distances and different time intervals between two events, but the invariant interval between the events is independent of the observer (and his velocity).

title: Time

title: Time

text: The

text: theory

text: of

text: special

text: relativity

text: finds

text: a

text: convenient

text: formulation

text: in

text: Minkowski

text: spacetime

text: a

text: mathematical

text: structure

text: that

text: combines

text: three

text: dimensions

text: of

text: space

text: with

text: a

text: single

text: dimension

text: of

text: time

text: In

text: this

text: formalism

text: distances

text: in

text: space

text: can

text: be

text: measured

text: by

text: how

text: long

text: light

text: takes

text: to

text: travel

text: that

text: distance

text: e.g.

text: a

text: light

text: year

text: is

text: a

text: measure

text: of

text: distance

text: and

text: a

text: meter

text: is

text: now

text: defined

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: how

text: far

text: light

text: travels

text: in

text: a

text: certain

text: amount

text: of

text: time

text: Two

text: events

text: in

text: Minkowski

text: spacetime

text: are

text: separated

text: by

text: an

text: invariant

text: interval

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: either

text: space

text: like

text: light

text: like

text: or

text: time

text: like

text: Events

text: that

text: have

text: a

text: time

text: like

text: separation

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: simultaneous

text: in

text: any

text: frame

text: of

text: reference

text: there

text: must

text: be

text: a

text: temporal

text: component

text: and

text: possibly

text: a

text: spatial

text: one

text: to

text: their

text: separation

text: Events

text: that

text: have

text: a

text: space

text: like

text: separation

text: will

text: be

text: simultaneous

text: in

text: some

text: frame

text: of

text: reference

text: and

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: frame

text: of

text: reference

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: a

text: spatial

text: separation

text: Different

text: observers

text: may

text: calculate

text: different

text: distances

text: and

text: different

text: time

text: intervals

text: between

text: two

text: events

text: but

text: the

text: invariant

text: interval

text: between

text: the

text: events

text: is

text: independent

text: of

text: the

text: observer

text: and

text: his

text: velocity

question: Minkowski spacetime combines the three dimensions of space with what?

answer: a single dimension of time

text: a single dimension of time

question: In Minkowski spacetime, how can distances in space be measured?

answer: by how long light takes to travel that distance

text: by how long light takes to travel that distance

question: What are two events in Minkowski spacetime separated by?

answer: by an invariant interval

text: by an invariant interval

question: The invariant interval between events is independent of what?

answer: of the observer (and his velocity)

text: of the observer (and his velocity)

question: The invariant interval that separates two events in Minkowski spacetime can either be what?

answer: space-like, light-like, or time-like

text: space-like, light-like, or time-like

question: What are light years combined with in Minkowski spacetime?

text: a single dimension of time

question: How are bodies in space measured?

text: by how long light takes to travel

question: How are independent observers separated?

text: by an invariant interval

question: What are some characteristics that are applied to bodies in space?

text: space-like, light-like, or time-like

question: What will events that have a time-like separation always be in some frame of reference?

text: simultaneous

question: What does Minkowski spacetime combine the three dimensions of time with?

text: a single dimension of time

question: In Minkowski spacetime, how can time be measured?

question: What are two events in Minkowski spacetime connected by?

text: an invariant interval

question: What is the invariant interval between time is independent of?

text: of the observer (and his velocity)

question: What may the same observer calculate?


text: The highest point in the state is Clingmans Dome at 6,643 feet (2,025 m). Clingmans Dome, which lies on Tennessee's eastern border, is the highest point on the Appalachian Trail, and is the third highest peak in the United States east of the Mississippi River. The state line between Tennessee and North Carolina crosses the summit. The state's lowest point is the Mississippi River at the Mississippi state line (the lowest point in Memphis, nearby, is at 195 ft (59 m)). The geographical center of the state is located in Murfreesboro.

title: Tennessee

title: Tennessee

text: The

text: highest

text: point

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: is

text: Clingmans

text: Dome

text: at

text: feet

text: m

text: Clingmans

text: Dome

text: which

text: lies

text: on

text: Tennessee

text: 's

text: eastern

text: border

text: is

text: the

text: highest

text: point

text: on

text: the

text: Appalachian

text: Trail

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: highest

text: peak

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: The

text: state

text: line

text: between

text: Tennessee

text: and

text: North

text: Carolina

text: crosses

text: the

text: summit

text: The

text: state

text: 's

text: lowest

text: point

text: is

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: River

text: at

text: the

text: Mississippi

text: state

text: line

text: the

text: lowest

text: point

text: in

text: Memphis

text: nearby

text: is

text: at

text: ft

text: m

text: The

text: geographical

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: Murfreesboro

question: What is the elevation of Tennessee's highest point?

answer: 6,643 feet

text: 6,643 feet

question: What mountain in Tennessee is the Appalachian Trail's highest point?

answer: Clingmans Dome

text: Clingmans Dome

question: What river is situated on Tennessee point of lowest elevation?

answer: Mississippi River

text: Mississippi River

question: Which city marks the geographical center of Tennessee?

answer: Murfreesboro

text: Murfreesboro


text: Horizontal gene transfer refers to the transfer of genetic material through a mechanism other than reproduction. This mechanism is a common source of new genes in prokaryotes, sometimes thought to contribute more to genetic variation than gene duplication. It is a common means of spreading antibiotic resistance, virulence, and adaptive metabolic functions. Although horizontal gene transfer is rare in eukaryotes, likely examples have been identified of protist and alga genomes containing genes of bacterial origin.

title: Gene

title: Gene

text: Horizontal

text: gene

text: transfer

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: transfer

text: of

text: genetic

text: material

text: through

text: a

text: mechanism

text: other

text: than

text: reproduction

text: This

text: mechanism

text: is

text: a

text: common

text: source

text: of

text: new

text: genes

text: in

text: prokaryotes

text: sometimes

text: thought

text: to

text: contribute

text: more

text: to

text: genetic

text: variation

text: than

text: gene

text: duplication

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: common

text: means

text: of

text: spreading

text: antibiotic

text: resistance

text: virulence

text: and

text: adaptive

text: metabolic

text: functions

text: Although

text: horizontal

text: gene

text: transfer

text: is

text: rare

text: in

text: eukaryotes

text: likely

text: examples

text: have

text: been

text: identified

text: of

text: protist

text: and

text: alga

text: genomes

text: containing

text: genes

text: of

text: bacterial

text: origin

question: What is the  transfer of genetic material through a mechanism other than reproduction known as?

answer: Horizontal gene transfer

text: Horizontal gene transfer

question: In what type of organism is horizontal gene transfer a common source of new genes?

answer: prokaryotes

text: prokaryotes

question: What is one trait that horizontal gene transfer is a common means of spreading?

answer: antibiotic resistance

text: antibiotic resistance

question: In what type of organism is horizontal gene transfer rare?

answer: eukaryotes

text: eukaryotes

question: What is one example of horizontal gene transfer in eukaryotes?

answer: alga genomes containing genes of bacterial origin

text: alga genomes containing genes of bacterial origin


text: The archipelago is formed by high points on the rim of the caldera of a submarine volcano that forms a seamount. The volcano is one part of a range that was formed as part of the same process that formed the floor of the Atlantic, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The top of the seamount has gone through periods of complete submergence, during which its limestone cap was formed by marine organisms, and during the Ice Ages the entire caldera was above sea level, forming an island of approximately two hundred square miles.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: The

text: archipelago

text: is

text: formed

text: by

text: high

text: points

text: on

text: the

text: rim

text: of

text: the

text: caldera

text: of

text: a

text: submarine

text: volcano

text: that

text: forms

text: a

text: seamount

text: The

text: volcano

text: is

text: one

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: range

text: that

text: was

text: formed

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: same

text: process

text: that

text: formed

text: the

text: floor

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: and

text: the

text: Mid

text: Atlantic

text: Ridge

text: The

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: seamount

text: has

text: gone

text: through

text: periods

text: of

text: complete

text: submergence

text: during

text: which

text: its

text: limestone

text: cap

text: was

text: formed

text: by

text: marine

text: organisms

text: and

text: during

text: the

text: Ice

text: Ages

text: the

text: entire

text: caldera

text: was

text: above

text: sea

text: level

text: forming

text: an

text: island

text: of

text: approximately

text: two

text: hundred

text: square

text: miles

question: What is the limestone cap of the seamount made from?

answer: marine organisms

text: marine organisms

question: During the ice age, what area of land was above water?

answer: approximately two hundred square miles

text: approximately two hundred square miles

question: Has the seamount always been above sealevel?

answer: The top of the seamount has gone through periods of complete submergence

text: The top of the seamount has gone through periods of complete submergence

question: What type of volcano forms the archipelago?

answer: a submarine volcano

text: a submarine volcano

question: Why is the top of the seamount formed by marine organisms?

answer: periods of complete submergence,

text: periods of complete submergence,

question: What was the result of the whole cladera being above sea level during the Ice Ages?

answer: an island

text: an island

question: The submarine volcano was formed as part of the same proces as what two things?

answer: the floor of the Atlantic, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

text: the floor of the Atlantic, and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

question: When was the caldera partially above sea level?

text: during the Ice Ages

question: What is the volcano part of?

text: the Mid-Atlantic Ridge

question: What did the Mid-Atlantic Ridge form?

text: the caldera

question: What does the seamount form?

text: archipelago


text: However, leeches and their closest relatives have a body structure that is very uniform within the group but significantly different from that of other annelids, including other members of the Clitellata. In leeches there are no septa, the connective tissue layer of the body wall is so thick that it occupies much of the body, and the two coelomata are widely separated and run the length of the body. They function as the main blood vessels, although they are side-by-side rather than upper and lower. However, they are lined with mesothelium, like the coelomata and unlike the blood vessels of other annelids. Leeches generally use suckers at their front and rear ends to move like inchworms. The anus is on the upper surface of the pygidium.

title: Annelid

title: Annelid

text: However

text: leeches

text: and

text: their

text: closest

text: relatives

text: have

text: a

text: body

text: structure

text: that

text: is

text: very

text: uniform

text: within

text: the

text: group

text: but

text: significantly

text: different

text: from

text: that

text: of

text: other

text: annelids

text: including

text: other

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Clitellata

text: In

text: leeches

text: there

text: are

text: no

text: septa

text: the

text: connective

text: tissue

text: layer

text: of

text: the

text: body

text: wall

text: is

text: so

text: thick

text: that

text: it

text: occupies

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: body

text: and

text: the

text: two

text: coelomata

text: are

text: widely

text: separated

text: and

text: run

text: the

text: length

text: of

text: the

text: body

text: They

text: function

text: as

text: the

text: main

text: blood

text: vessels

text: although

text: they

text: are

text: side

text: by

text: side

text: rather

text: than

text: upper

text: and

text: lower

text: However

text: they

text: are

text: lined

text: with

text: mesothelium

text: like

text: the

text: coelomata

text: and

text: unlike

text: the

text: blood

text: vessels

text: of

text: other

text: annelids

text: Leeches

text: generally

text: use

text: suckers

text: at

text: their

text: front

text: and

text: rear

text: ends

text: to

text: move

text: like

text: inchworms

text: The

text: anus

text: is

text: on

text: the

text: upper

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: pygidium

question: What type of annelids are very different from others?

answer: leeches and their closest relatives

text: leeches and their closest relatives

question: What type of tissue takes up most of the body of a leech?

answer: connective tissue layer of the body wall

text: connective tissue layer of the body wall

question: How many coelomata do leeches have?

answer: two

text: two

question: What lines the coelomata of leeches?

answer: mesothelium

text: mesothelium

question: What do leeches use to move?

answer: suckers at their front and rear ends

text: suckers at their front and rear ends

question: What type of annelids are very identical to others?

text: leeches and their closest relatives

question: What type of tissue eats most of the body of a leech?

question: How many brains do leeches have?

text: two

question: What lines the bones of leeches?

text: mesothelium

question: What do leeches use to fly?

text: suckers at their front and rear ends


text: Southampton is a major UK port which has good transport links with the rest of the country. The M27 motorway, linking places along the south coast of England, runs just to the north of the city. The M3 motorway links the city to London and also, via a link to the A34 (part of the European route E05) at Winchester, with the Midlands and North. The M271 motorway is a spur of the M27, linking it with the Western Docks and city centre.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: Southampton

text: is

text: a

text: major

text: UK

text: port

text: which

text: has

text: good

text: transport

text: links

text: with

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: The

text: motorway

text: linking

text: places

text: along

text: the

text: south

text: coast

text: of

text: England

text: runs

text: just

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: motorway

text: links

text: the

text: city

text: to

text: London

text: and

text: also

text: via

text: a

text: link

text: to

text: the

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: route

text: at

text: Winchester

text: with

text: the

text: Midlands

text: and

text: North

text: The

text: motorway

text: is

text: a

text: spur

text: of

text: the

text: linking

text: it

text: with

text: the

text: Western

text: Docks

text: and

text: city

text: centre

question: Which motorway located north of Southampton links up England's south coast?

answer: M27

question: Which motorway connects Southampton to London?

answer: M3

question: What city is located on the A34 where the M3 connects to the North and Midlands?

answer: Winchester

text: Winchester

question: What spur of the M27 connects it to Southampton's city centre and Western Docks?

answer: M271

question: Are Southampton's transport routes around the UK good or bad?

answer: good

text: good


text: Richmond is not home to any major league professional sports teams, but since 2013, the Washington Redskins of the National Football League have held their summer training camp in the city. There are also several minor league sports in the city, including the Richmond Kickers of the USL Professional Division (third tier of American soccer) and the Richmond Flying Squirrels of the Class AA Eastern League of Minor League Baseball (an affiliate of the San Francisco Giants). The Kickers began playing in Richmond in 1993, and currently play at City Stadium. The Squirrels opened their first season at The Diamond on April 15, 2010. From 1966 through 2008, the city was home to the Richmond Braves, a AAA affiliate of the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball, until the franchise relocated to Georgia.

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: Richmond

text: is

text: not

text: home

text: to

text: any

text: major

text: league

text: professional

text: sports

text: teams

text: but

text: since

text: the

text: Washington

text: Redskins

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Football

text: League

text: have

text: held

text: their

text: summer

text: training

text: camp

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: several

text: minor

text: league

text: sports

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: including

text: the

text: Richmond

text: Kickers

text: of

text: the

text: USL

text: Professional

text: Division

text: third

text: tier

text: of

text: American

text: soccer

text: and

text: the

text: Richmond

text: Flying

text: Squirrels

text: of

text: the

text: Class

text: AA

text: Eastern

text: League

text: of

text: Minor

text: League

text: Baseball

text: an

text: affiliate

text: of

text: the

text: San

text: Francisco

text: Giants

text: The

text: Kickers

text: began

text: playing

text: in

text: Richmond

text: in

text: and

text: currently

text: play

text: at

text: City

text: Stadium

text: The

text: Squirrels

text: opened

text: their

text: first

text: season

text: at

text: The

text: Diamond

text: on

text: April

text: From

text: through

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: home

text: to

text: the

text: Richmond

text: Braves

text: a

text: AAA

text: affiliate

text: of

text: the

text: Atlanta

text: Braves

text: of

text: Major

text: League

text: Baseball

text: until

text: the

text: franchise

text: relocated

text: to

text: Georgia

question: What sport do the Washington Redskins play?

answer: Football

text: Football

question: What sport do the Richmond Kickers compete in?

answer: soccer

text: soccer

question: With what Major League Baseball team are the Richmond Flying Squirrels associated?

answer: San Francisco Giants

text: San Francisco Giants

question: What is the home ground of the Richmond Kickers?

answer: City Stadium

text: City Stadium

question: Where did the Richmond Braves move to?

answer: Georgia

text: Georgia


text: Nicholas began courting Britain by means of conversations with the British ambassador, George Hamilton Seymour, in January and February 1853.:105 Nicholas insisted that he no longer wished to expand Imperial Russia:105 but that he had an obligation to the Christian communities in the Ottoman Empire.:105  The Tsar next dispatched a highly abrasive diplomat, Prince Menshikov, on a special mission to the Ottoman Sublime Porte in February 1853. By previous treaties, the sultan was committed "to protect the (Eastern Orthodox) Christian religion and its churches." Menshikov demanded a Russian protectorate over all 12 million Orthodox Christians in the Empire, with control of the Orthodox Church's hierarchy. A compromise was reached regarding Orthodox access to the Holy Land, but the Sultan, strongly supported by the British ambassador, rejected the more sweeping demands.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: Nicholas

text: began

text: courting

text: Britain

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: conversations

text: with

text: the

text: British

text: ambassador

text: George

text: Hamilton

text: Seymour

text: in

text: January

text: and

text: February

text: Nicholas

text: insisted

text: that

text: he

text: no

text: longer

text: wished

text: to

text: expand

text: Imperial

text: but

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: an

text: obligation

text: to

text: the

text: Christian

text: communities

text: in

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: The

text: Tsar

text: next

text: dispatched

text: a

text: highly

text: abrasive

text: diplomat

text: Prince

text: Menshikov

text: on

text: a

text: special

text: mission

text: to

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Sublime

text: Porte

text: in

text: February

text: By

text: previous

text: treaties

text: the

text: sultan

text: was

text: committed

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Orthodox

text: Christian

text: religion

text: and

text: its

text: churches

text: Menshikov

text: demanded

text: a

text: Russian

text: protectorate

text: over

text: all

text: million

text: Orthodox

text: Christians

text: in

text: the

text: Empire

text: with

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: Orthodox

text: Church

text: 's

text: hierarchy

text: A

text: compromise

text: was

text: reached

text: regarding

text: Orthodox

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: Holy

text: Land

text: but

text: the

text: Sultan

text: strongly

text: supported

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: ambassador

text: rejected

text: the

text: more

text: sweeping

text: demands

question: Who was the British ambassador in 1853?

answer: George Hamilton Seymour

text: George Hamilton Seymour

question: Who declared they no longer wanted to spread Imperial Russian?

answer: Nicholas

text: Nicholas

question: Who did the Tsar send on a mission to Ottoman Sublime Porte?

answer: Prince Menshikov

text: Prince Menshikov

question: In what year was Prince Menshikov sent to the Ottoman Sublime Porte?

answer: 1853

question: Who wanted to ruled over the 12 million Orthodox Christians in the Empire?

answer: Menshikov

text: Menshikov


text: A global drop in sea level at the end of the Devonian reversed early in the Carboniferous; this created the widespread epicontinental seas and carbonate deposition of the Mississippian. There was also a drop in south polar temperatures; southern Gondwana was glaciated throughout the period, though it is uncertain if the ice sheets were a holdover from the Devonian or not. These conditions apparently had little effect in the deep tropics, where lush coal swamps flourished within 30 degrees of the northernmost glaciers. A mid-Carboniferous drop in sea-level precipitated a major marine extinction, one that hit crinoids and ammonites especially hard. This sea-level drop and the associated unconformity in North America separate the Mississippian Period from the Pennsylvanian period.

title: Geological_history_of_Earth

title: Geological_history_of_Earth

text: A

text: global

text: drop

text: in

text: sea

text: level

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Devonian

text: reversed

text: early

text: in

text: the

text: Carboniferous

text: this

text: created

text: the

text: widespread

text: epicontinental

text: seas

text: and

text: carbonate

text: deposition

text: of

text: the

text: Mississippian

text: There

text: was

text: also

text: a

text: drop

text: in

text: south

text: polar

text: temperatures

text: southern

text: Gondwana

text: was

text: glaciated

text: throughout

text: the

text: period

text: though

text: it

text: is

text: uncertain

text: if

text: the

text: ice

text: sheets

text: were

text: a

text: holdover

text: from

text: the

text: Devonian

text: or

text: not

text: These

text: conditions

text: apparently

text: had

text: little

text: effect

text: in

text: the

text: deep

text: tropics

text: where

text: lush

text: coal

text: swamps

text: flourished

text: within

text: degrees

text: of

text: the

text: northernmost

text: glaciers

text: A

text: mid

text: Carboniferous

text: drop

text: in

text: sea

text: level

text: precipitated

text: a

text: major

text: marine

text: extinction

text: one

text: that

text: hit

text: crinoids

text: and

text: ammonites

text: especially

text: hard

text: This

text: sea

text: level

text: drop

text: and

text: the

text: associated

text: unconformity

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: separate

text: the

text: Mississippian

text: Period

text: from

text: the

text: Pennsylvanian

text: period

question: What occurred to the level of the sea when the Devonian period was finished?

answer: A global drop

text: A global drop

question: During which period were epicontinental seas created?

answer: Carboniferous

text: Carboniferous

question: What was on the land at 30 degrees latitude north in the carboniferous period?

answer: lush coal swamps

text: lush coal swamps

question: What was the result in the decline in sea level in the middle of the Carboniferous period?

answer: a major marine extinction

text: a major marine extinction

question: The Pennsylvania period is separated by the drop in Carboniferous era sea levels from what other period?

answer: Mississippian Period

text: Mississippian Period

question: What dropped world wide at the begining of the Devonian?

text: sea level

question: How widespread was the drop in sea llevel in the Carboniferous?

text: global

question: What temperatures dropped during the Devonian?

text: south polar

question: What region was deeply impacted by the conditions of the Carboniferous?

text: deep tropics

question: What could be found just north of the glacerers

text: lush coal swamps


text: Several Americans, especially Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson, played a major role in bringing Enlightenment ideas to the New World and in influencing British and French thinkers. Franklin was influential for his political activism and for his advances in physics. The cultural exchange during the Age of Enlightenment ran in both directions across the Atlantic. Thinkers such as Paine, Locke, and Rousseau all take Native American cultural practices as examples of natural freedom. The Americans closely followed English and Scottish political ideas, as well as some French thinkers such as Montesquieu. As deists, they were influenced by ideas of John Toland (1670–1722) and Matthew Tindal (1656–1733). During the Enlightenment there was a great emphasis upon liberty, democracy, republicanism and religious tolerance. Attempts to reconcile science and religion resulted in a widespread rejection of prophecy, miracle and revealed religion in preference for Deism – especially by Thomas Paine in The Age of Reason and by Thomas Jefferson in his short Jefferson Bible – from which all supernatural aspects were removed.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: Several

text: Americans

text: especially

text: Benjamin

text: Franklin

text: and

text: Thomas

text: Jefferson

text: played

text: a

text: major

text: role

text: in

text: bringing

text: Enlightenment

text: ideas

text: to

text: the

text: New

text: World

text: and

text: in

text: influencing

text: British

text: and

text: French

text: thinkers

text: Franklin

text: was

text: influential

text: for

text: his

text: political

text: activism

text: and

text: for

text: his

text: advances

text: in

text: physics

text: The

text: cultural

text: exchange

text: during

text: the

text: Age

text: of

text: Enlightenment

text: ran

text: in

text: both

text: directions

text: across

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Thinkers

text: such

text: as

text: Paine

text: Locke

text: and

text: Rousseau

text: all

text: take

text: Native

text: American

text: cultural

text: practices

text: as

text: examples

text: of

text: natural

text: freedom

text: The

text: Americans

text: closely

text: followed

text: English

text: and

text: Scottish

text: political

text: ideas

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: some

text: French

text: thinkers

text: such

text: as

text: Montesquieu

text: As

text: deists

text: they

text: were

text: influenced

text: by

text: ideas

text: of

text: John

text: Toland

text: and

text: Matthew

text: Tindal

text: During

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: great

text: emphasis

text: upon

text: liberty

text: democracy

text: republicanism

text: and

text: religious

text: tolerance

text: Attempts

text: to

text: reconcile

text: science

text: and

text: religion

text: resulted

text: in

text: a

text: widespread

text: rejection

text: of

text: prophecy

text: miracle

text: and

text: revealed

text: religion

text: in

text: preference

text: for

text: Deism

text: especially

text: by

text: Thomas

text: Paine

text: in

text: The

text: Age

text: of

text: Reason

text: and

text: by

text: Thomas

text: Jefferson

text: in

text: his

text: short

text: Jefferson

text: Bible

text: from

text: which

text: all

text: supernatural

text: aspects

text: were

text: removed

question: Which American Enlightenment sympathiser was known for his political activism and advances in physics?

answer: Benjamin Franklin

text: Benjamin Franklin

question: Did the cultural exchange during the Age of Enlightenment travel exclusively to America or did information travel in both directions, back across the Atlantic to Europe?

answer: both directions

text: both directions

question: As diests, Americans were influenced by the ideas of which two Enlightenment followers?

answer: John Toland (1670–1722) and Matthew Tindal (1656–1733)

text: John Toland (1670–1722) and Matthew Tindal (1656–1733)

question: Attempts to reconcile which two fields resulted in a widespread rejection of prophecy?

answer: science and religion

text: science and religion

question: All supernatural aspects were removed from which Thomas Paine work?

answer: The Age of Reason

text: The Age of Reason


text: Eisenhower's stint as the president of Columbia University was punctuated by his activity within the Council on Foreign Relations, a study group he led as president concerning the political and military implications of the Marshall Plan, and The American Assembly, Eisenhower's "vision of a great cultural center where business, professional and governmental leaders could meet from time to time to discuss and reach conclusions concerning problems of a social and political nature". His biographer Blanche Wiesen Cook suggested that this period served as "the political education of General Eisenhower", since he had to prioritize wide-ranging educational, administrative, and financial demands for the university. Through his involvement in the Council on Foreign Relations, he also gained exposure to economic analysis, which would become the bedrock of his understanding in economic policy. "Whatever General Eisenhower knows about economics, he has learned at the study group meetings," one Aid to Europe member claimed.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: Eisenhower

text: 's

text: stint

text: as

text: the

text: president

text: of

text: Columbia

text: University

text: was

text: punctuated

text: by

text: his

text: activity

text: within

text: the

text: Council

text: on

text: Foreign

text: Relations

text: a

text: study

text: group

text: he

text: led

text: as

text: president

text: concerning

text: the

text: political

text: and

text: military

text: implications

text: of

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Plan

text: and

text: The

text: American

text: Assembly

text: Eisenhower

text: 's

text: vision

text: of

text: a

text: great

text: cultural

text: center

text: where

text: business

text: professional

text: and

text: governmental

text: leaders

text: could

text: meet

text: from

text: time

text: to

text: time

text: to

text: discuss

text: and

text: reach

text: conclusions

text: concerning

text: problems

text: of

text: a

text: social

text: and

text: political

text: nature

text: His

text: biographer

text: Blanche

text: Wiesen

text: Cook

text: suggested

text: that

text: this

text: period

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: political

text: education

text: of

text: General

text: Eisenhower

text: since

text: he

text: had

text: to

text: prioritize

text: wide

text: ranging

text: educational

text: administrative

text: and

text: financial

text: demands

text: for

text: the

text: university

text: Through

text: his

text: involvement

text: in

text: the

text: Council

text: on

text: Foreign

text: Relations

text: he

text: also

text: gained

text: exposure

text: to

text: economic

text: analysis

text: which

text: would

text: become

text: the

text: bedrock

text: of

text: his

text: understanding

text: in

text: economic

text: policy

text: Whatever

text: General

text: Eisenhower

text: knows

text: about

text: economics

text: he

text: has

text: learned

text: at

text: the

text: study

text: group

text: meetings

text: one

text: Aid

text: to

text: Europe

text: member

text: claimed

question: While Eisenhower was president of Columbia, what group did he also work with?

answer: Council on Foreign Relations

text: Council on Foreign Relations

question: What was Blanche Wiesen Cook in relation to Eisenhower?

answer: biographer

text: biographer

question: Along with business and government, what leaders did Eisenhower see meeting at the Council on Foreign Relations?

answer: professional

text: professional

question: What sort of analysis did Eisenhower first experience with the Council on Foreign Relations?

answer: economic

text: economic


text: The principles of phonological analysis can be applied independently of modality because they are designed to serve as general analytical tools, not language-specific ones. The same principles have been applied to the analysis of sign languages (see Phonemes in sign languages), even though the sub-lexical units are not instantiated as speech sounds.

title: Phonology

title: Phonology

text: The

text: principles

text: of

text: phonological

text: analysis

text: can

text: be

text: applied

text: independently

text: of

text: modality

text: because

text: they

text: are

text: designed

text: to

text: serve

text: as

text: general

text: analytical

text: tools

text: not

text: language

text: specific

text: ones

text: The

text: same

text: principles

text: have

text: been

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: analysis

text: of

text: sign

text: languages

text: see

text: Phonemes

text: in

text: sign

text: languages

text: even

text: though

text: the

text: sub

text: lexical

text: units

text: are

text: not

text: instantiated

text: as

text: speech

text: sounds

question: Instead of being language-specific what kind of tools are the principles of phonological analysis designed to be?

answer: general analytical tools

text: general analytical tools

question: What other types of language have the phonological analysis principles been applied to?

answer: sign languages

text: sign languages

question: What are the principles of phonological analysis able to be applied separately from?

answer: modality

text: modality

question: In sign languages what are not represented as instances of speech sounds?

answer: sub-lexical units

text: sub-lexical units

question: Instead of being language specific what kind of tool is sign language designed to be?

text: general analytical tools

question: What other types of language have the speech sound principles been applied to

text: sign languages

question: What are the principles of sign language able to be applied separately from?

text: modality

question: In sign laguages what are not represented as instances of analytical tools?

text: sub-lexical units

question: What can be applied depending on modality?

text: principles of phonological analysis