text: Presbyterianism is a part of the Reformed tradition within Protestantism which traces its origins to the British Isles. Presbyterian churches derive their name from the presbyterian form of church government, which is governed by representative assemblies of elders. Many Reformed churches are organized this way, but the word "Presbyterian," when capitalized, is often applied uniquely to the churches that trace their roots to the Scottish and English churches that bore that name and English political groups that formed during the English Civil War. Presbyterian theology typically emphasizes the sovereignty of God, the authority of the Scriptures, and the necessity of grace through faith in Christ. Presbyterian church government was ensured in Scotland by the Acts of Union in 1707 which created the kingdom of Great Britain. In fact, most Presbyterians found in England can trace a Scottish connection, and the Presbyterian denomination was also taken to North America mostly by Scots and Scots-Irish immigrants. The Presbyterian denominations in Scotland hold to the theology of John Calvin and his immediate successors, although there are a range of theological views within contemporary Presbyterianism. Local congregations of churches which use presbyterian polity are governed by sessions made up of representatives of the congregation (elders); a conciliar approach which is found at other levels of decision-making (presbytery, synod and general assembly).

title: Presbyterianism

title: Presbyterianism

text: Presbyterianism

text: is

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Reformed

text: tradition

text: within

text: Protestantism

text: which

text: traces

text: its

text: origins

text: to

text: the

text: British

text: Isles

text: Presbyterian

text: churches

text: derive

text: their

text: name

text: from

text: the

text: presbyterian

text: form

text: of

text: church

text: government

text: which

text: is

text: governed

text: by

text: representative

text: assemblies

text: of

text: elders

text: Many

text: Reformed

text: churches

text: are

text: organized

text: this

text: way

text: but

text: the

text: word

text: Presbyterian

text: when

text: capitalized

text: is

text: often

text: applied

text: uniquely

text: to

text: the

text: churches

text: that

text: trace

text: their

text: roots

text: to

text: the

text: Scottish

text: and

text: English

text: churches

text: that

text: bore

text: that

text: name

text: and

text: English

text: political

text: groups

text: that

text: formed

text: during

text: the

text: English

text: Civil

text: War

text: Presbyterian

text: theology

text: typically

text: emphasizes

text: the

text: sovereignty

text: of

text: God

text: the

text: authority

text: of

text: the

text: Scriptures

text: and

text: the

text: necessity

text: of

text: grace

text: through

text: faith

text: in

text: Christ

text: Presbyterian

text: church

text: government

text: was

text: ensured

text: in

text: Scotland

text: by

text: the

text: Acts

text: of

text: Union

text: in

text: which

text: created

text: the

text: kingdom

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: In

text: fact

text: most

text: Presbyterians

text: found

text: in

text: England

text: can

text: trace

text: a

text: Scottish

text: connection

text: and

text: the

text: Presbyterian

text: denomination

text: was

text: also

text: taken

text: to

text: North

text: America

text: mostly

text: by

text: Scots

text: and

text: Scots

text: Irish

text: immigrants

text: The

text: Presbyterian

text: denominations

text: in

text: Scotland

text: hold

text: to

text: the

text: theology

text: of

text: John

text: Calvin

text: and

text: his

text: immediate

text: successors

text: although

text: there

text: are

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: theological

text: views

text: within

text: contemporary

text: Presbyterianism

text: Local

text: congregations

text: of

text: churches

text: which

text: use

text: presbyterian

text: polity

text: are

text: governed

text: by

text: sessions

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: representatives

text: of

text: the

text: congregation

text: elders

text: a

text: conciliar

text: approach

text: which

text: is

text: found

text: at

text: other

text: levels

text: of

text: decision

text: making

text: presbytery

text: synod

text: and

text: general

text: assembly

question: Where can you trace back the origins of Presbyterianism back to?

answer: British Isles

text: British Isles

question: What does the Presbyterian church typically emphasize?

answer: sovereignty of God

text: sovereignty of God

question: Which act created the kingdom of Great Britain?

answer: Great Britain

text: Great Britain

question: Presbyterianism is part of the unreformed tradition within what category of religion?

text: Protestantism

question: To which Isles can the Civil War be traced?

text: British Isles

question: Which theology emphasizes the sovereignty of God but denies the authority of the scriptures?

text: Presbyterian theology

question: In 1807 The Acts of Union ensured which church government?

text: Presbyterian

question: In 1807 The Acts of Union ensured the Presbyterian church government in which country?

text: Scotland


text: Changes also took place within the recruitment and composition of armies. The use of the national or feudal levy was gradually replaced by paid troops of domestic retinues or foreign mercenaries. The practice was associated with Edward III of England and the condottieri of the Italian city-states. All over Europe, Swiss soldiers were in particularly high demand. At the same time, the period also saw the emergence of the first permanent armies. It was in Valois France, under the heavy demands of the Hundred Years' War, that the armed forces gradually assumed a permanent nature.

title: Late_Middle_Ages

title: Late_Middle_Ages

text: Changes

text: also

text: took

text: place

text: within

text: the

text: recruitment

text: and

text: composition

text: of

text: armies

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: national

text: or

text: feudal

text: levy

text: was

text: gradually

text: replaced

text: by

text: paid

text: troops

text: of

text: domestic

text: retinues

text: or

text: foreign

text: mercenaries

text: The

text: practice

text: was

text: associated

text: with

text: Edward

text: III

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: condottieri

text: of

text: the

text: Italian

text: city

text: states

text: All

text: over

text: Europe

text: Swiss

text: soldiers

text: were

text: in

text: particularly

text: high

text: demand

text: At

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: the

text: period

text: also

text: saw

text: the

text: emergence

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: permanent

text: armies

text: It

text: was

text: in

text: Valois

text: France

text: under

text: the

text: heavy

text: demands

text: of

text: the

text: Hundred

text: Years

text: War

text: that

text: the

text: armed

text: forces

text: gradually

text: assumed

text: a

text: permanent

text: nature

question: Which conflict in France resulted in the establishment of permanent armies?

answer: Hundred Years' War

text: Hundred Years' War

question: The use of paid mercenaries and domestic retinues replaced which method of raising troops?

answer: national or feudal levy

text: national or feudal levy

question: Which soldiers were in high demand under the mercenary system?

answer: Swiss

text: Swiss

question: Which English king is associated with the use of mercenaries in the 14th century?

answer: Edward III

text: Edward III

question: Which conflict in France resulted in the abolishment of permanent armies?

text: Hundred Years' War

question: The use of paid mercenaries and international retinues replaced which method of raising troops?

text: national or feudal levy

question: Which soldiers were in low demand under the mercenary system?

text: Swiss

question: Which soldiers were in high demand under the judicial system?

text: Swiss

question: Which English king is associated with the use of mercenaries in the 13th century?

text: Edward III


text: The International Energy Agency has said that solar energy can make considerable contributions to solving some of the most urgent problems the world now faces:

title: Solar_energy

title: Solar_energy

text: The

text: International

text: Energy

text: Agency

text: has

text: said

text: that

text: solar

text: energy

text: can

text: make

text: considerable

text: contributions

text: to

text: solving

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: urgent

text: problems

text: the

text: world

text: now

text: faces

question: Which organization believes that solar energy can solve some of our most pressing issues?

answer: The International Energy Agency

text: The International Energy Agency

question: Who said that solar energy can help solve some of the most urgent problems in the world?

answer: The International Energy Agency

text: The International Energy Agency


text: In an effort to conserve water, Tucson is recharging groundwater supplies by running part of its share of CAP water into various open portions of local rivers to seep into their aquifer. Additional study is scheduled to determine the amount of water that is lost through evaporation from the open areas, especially during the summer. The City of Tucson already provides reclaimed water to its inhabitants, but it is only used for "applications such as irrigation, dust control, and industrial uses." These resources have been in place for more than 27 years, and deliver to over 900 locations.

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: In

text: an

text: effort

text: to

text: conserve

text: water

text: Tucson

text: is

text: recharging

text: groundwater

text: supplies

text: by

text: running

text: part

text: of

text: its

text: share

text: of

text: CAP

text: water

text: into

text: various

text: open

text: portions

text: of

text: local

text: rivers

text: to

text: seep

text: into

text: their

text: aquifer

text: Additional

text: study

text: is

text: scheduled

text: to

text: determine

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: water

text: that

text: is

text: lost

text: through

text: evaporation

text: from

text: the

text: open

text: areas

text: especially

text: during

text: the

text: summer

text: The

text: City

text: of

text: Tucson

text: already

text: provides

text: reclaimed

text: water

text: to

text: its

text: inhabitants

text: but

text: it

text: is

text: only

text: used

text: for

text: applications

text: such

text: as

text: irrigation

text: dust

text: control

text: and

text: industrial

text: uses

text: These

text: resources

text: have

text: been

text: in

text: place

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: years

text: and

text: deliver

text: to

text: over

text: locations

question: How is Tucson replenishing its groundwater?

answer: running part of its share of CAP water into various open portions of local rivers to seep into their aquifer

text: running part of its share of CAP water into various open portions of local rivers to seep into their aquifer

question: What does Tucson use reclaimed water for?

answer: irrigation, dust control, and industrial uses

text: irrigation, dust control, and industrial uses

question: How long has Tucson's water conservation efforts been underway?

answer: more than 27 years

text: more than 27 years


text: Helping his father in Visible Speech demonstrations and lectures brought Bell to Susanna E. Hull's private school for the deaf in South Kensington, London. His first two pupils were "deaf mute" girls who made remarkable progress under his tutelage. While his older brother seemed to achieve success on many fronts including opening his own elocution school, applying for a patent on an invention, and starting a family, Bell continued as a teacher. However, in May 1870, Melville died from complications due to tuberculosis, causing a family crisis. His father had also suffered a debilitating illness earlier in life and had been restored to health by a convalescence in Newfoundland. Bell's parents embarked upon a long-planned move when they realized that their remaining son was also sickly. Acting decisively, Alexander Melville Bell asked Bell to arrange for the sale of all the family property,[N 8] conclude all of his brother's affairs (Bell took over his last student, curing a pronounced lisp), and join his father and mother in setting out for the "New World". Reluctantly, Bell also had to conclude a relationship with Marie Eccleston, who, as he had surmised, was not prepared to leave England with him.

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

title: Alexander_Graham_Bell

text: Helping

text: his

text: father

text: in

text: Visible

text: Speech

text: demonstrations

text: and

text: lectures

text: brought

text: Bell

text: to

text: Susanna

text: E.

text: Hull

text: 's

text: private

text: school

text: for

text: the

text: deaf

text: in

text: South

text: Kensington

text: London

text: His

text: first

text: two

text: pupils

text: were

text: deaf

text: mute

text: girls

text: who

text: made

text: remarkable

text: progress

text: under

text: his

text: tutelage

text: While

text: his

text: older

text: brother

text: seemed

text: to

text: achieve

text: success

text: on

text: many

text: fronts

text: including

text: opening

text: his

text: own

text: elocution

text: school

text: applying

text: for

text: a

text: patent

text: on

text: an

text: invention

text: and

text: starting

text: a

text: family

text: Bell

text: continued

text: as

text: a

text: teacher

text: However

text: in

text: May

text: Melville

text: died

text: from

text: complications

text: due

text: to

text: tuberculosis

text: causing

text: a

text: family

text: crisis

text: His

text: father

text: had

text: also

text: suffered

text: a

text: debilitating

text: illness

text: earlier

text: in

text: life

text: and

text: had

text: been

text: restored

text: to

text: health

text: by

text: a

text: convalescence

text: in

text: Newfoundland

text: Bell

text: 's

text: parents

text: embarked

text: upon

text: a

text: long

text: planned

text: move

text: when

text: they

text: realized

text: that

text: their

text: remaining

text: son

text: was

text: also

text: sickly

text: Acting

text: decisively

text: Alexander

text: Melville

text: Bell

text: asked

text: Bell

text: to

text: arrange

text: for

text: the

text: sale

text: of

text: all

text: the

text: family

text: property,[N

text: conclude

text: all

text: of

text: his

text: brother

text: 's

text: affairs

text: Bell

text: took

text: over

text: his

text: last

text: student

text: curing

text: a

text: pronounced

text: lisp

text: and

text: join

text: his

text: father

text: and

text: mother

text: in

text: setting

text: out

text: for

text: the

text: New

text: World

text: Reluctantly

text: Bell

text: also

text: had

text: to

text: conclude

text: a

text: relationship

text: with

text: Marie

text: Eccleston

text: who

text: as

text: he

text: had

text: surmised

text: was

text: not

text: prepared

text: to

text: leave

text: England

text: with

text: him

question: What city is Susanna E. Hull located in?

answer: South Kensington

text: South Kensington

question: What sort of student attended Susanna E. Hull?

answer: deaf

text: deaf

question: Who died in 1870?

answer: Melville

text: Melville

question: Where did Bell's father go to recover from illness?

answer: Newfoundland

text: Newfoundland

question: What did Bell help his final student get rid of?

answer: lisp

text: lisp


text: Measurement of light or photometry is generally concerned with the amount of useful light falling on a surface and the amount of light emerging from a lamp or other source, along with the colors that can be rendered by this light. The human eye responds differently to light from different parts of the visible spectrum, therefore photometric measurements must take the luminosity function into account when measuring the amount of useful light. The basic SI unit of measurement is the candela (cd), which describes the luminous intensity, all other photometric units are derived from the candela. Luminance for instance is a measure of the density of luminous intensity in a given direction. It describes the amount of light that passes through or is emitted from a particular area, and falls within a given solid angle. The SI unit for luminance is candela per square metre (cd/m2). The CGS unit of luminance is the stilb, which is equal to one candela per square centimetre or 10 kcd/m2. The amount of useful light emitted from a source or the luminous flux is measured in lumen (lm).

title: Lighting

title: Lighting

text: Measurement

text: of

text: light

text: or

text: photometry

text: is

text: generally

text: concerned

text: with

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: useful

text: light

text: falling

text: on

text: a

text: surface

text: and

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: light

text: emerging

text: from

text: a

text: lamp

text: or

text: other

text: source

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: colors

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: rendered

text: by

text: this

text: light

text: The

text: human

text: eye

text: responds

text: differently

text: to

text: light

text: from

text: different

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: visible

text: spectrum

text: therefore

text: photometric

text: measurements

text: must

text: take

text: the

text: luminosity

text: function

text: into

text: account

text: when

text: measuring

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: useful

text: light

text: The

text: basic

text: SI

text: unit

text: of

text: measurement

text: is

text: the

text: candela

text: cd

text: which

text: describes

text: the

text: luminous

text: intensity

text: all

text: other

text: photometric

text: units

text: are

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: candela

text: Luminance

text: for

text: instance

text: is

text: a

text: measure

text: of

text: the

text: density

text: of

text: luminous

text: intensity

text: in

text: a

text: given

text: direction

text: It

text: describes

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: light

text: that

text: passes

text: through

text: or

text: is

text: emitted

text: from

text: a

text: particular

text: area

text: and

text: falls

text: within

text: a

text: given

text: solid

text: angle

text: The

text: SI

text: unit

text: for

text: luminance

text: is

text: candela

text: per

text: square

text: metre

text: cd

text: The

text: CGS

text: unit

text: of

text: luminance

text: is

text: the

text: stilb

text: which

text: is

text: equal

text: to

text: one

text: candela

text: per

text: square

text: centimetre

text: or

text: kcd

text: The

text: amount

text: of

text: useful

text: light

text: emitted

text: from

text: a

text: source

text: or

text: the

text: luminous

text: flux

text: is

text: measured

text: in

text: lumen

text: lm

question: What is the basic SI unit of measurement?

answer: candela (cd)

text: candela (cd)

question: What is the SI unit for lumiance?

answer: cd/m2

question: What is the CGS unit of lumiance?

answer: stilb

text: stilb

question: What is the amount of useful light emitted from a luminous flux measured in?

answer: lumen (lm)

text: lumen (lm)


text: Hunting big game typically requires a "tag" for each animal harvested. Tags must be purchased in addition to the hunting license, and the number of tags issued to an individual is typically limited. In cases where there are more prospective hunters than the quota for that species, tags are usually assigned by lottery. Tags may be further restricted to a specific area, or wildlife management unit. Hunting migratory waterfowl requires a duck stamp from the Fish and Wildlife Service in addition to the appropriate state hunting license.

title: Hunting

title: Hunting

text: Hunting

text: big

text: game

text: typically

text: requires

text: a

text: tag

text: for

text: each

text: animal

text: harvested

text: Tags

text: must

text: be

text: purchased

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: hunting

text: license

text: and

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: tags

text: issued

text: to

text: an

text: individual

text: is

text: typically

text: limited

text: In

text: cases

text: where

text: there

text: are

text: more

text: prospective

text: hunters

text: than

text: the

text: quota

text: for

text: that

text: species

text: tags

text: are

text: usually

text: assigned

text: by

text: lottery

text: Tags

text: may

text: be

text: further

text: restricted

text: to

text: a

text: specific

text: area

text: or

text: wildlife

text: management

text: unit

text: Hunting

text: migratory

text: waterfowl

text: requires

text: a

text: duck

text: stamp

text: from

text: the

text: Fish

text: and

text: Wildlife

text: Service

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: appropriate

text: state

text: hunting

text: license

question: What is required when hunting big game?

answer: a "tag" for each animal harvested

text: a "tag" for each animal harvested

question: Tags are purchased in addition to what?

answer: the hunting license

text: the hunting license

question: What is typically limited to an individual?

answer: number of tags issued

text: number of tags issued

question: A wildlife management unit is a place where what may be restricted to?

answer: Tags

text: Tags

question: What kind of stamp is required to hunt migratory waterfowl?

answer: duck

text: duck

question: When hunting big game what is typically required?

answer: tag

text: tag

question: What must be purchased with hunting license is comes in a limited number?

answer: Tags

text: Tags

question: How are tags assigned if there are more hunters than game?

answer: by lottery

text: by lottery

question: What is required of hunting migratory waterfowl?

answer: duck stamp

text: duck stamp

question: Who issues requirement for hunting migratory waterfowl?

answer: Fish and Wildlife Service

text: Fish and Wildlife Service

question: What do you need to obtain a fishing license?

text: a "tag"

question: How many people are recruited to work at the Fish and Wildlife Service each year?

text: limited

question: If there are more applicants than positions at the Fish and Wildlife Service how do they choose prospective employees?

text: by lottery

question: Where do Fish and Wildlife employees usually work?

question: What limits how many employees can work at the Fish and Wildlife Service each year?

text: quota


text: A nonstandard dialect, like a standard dialect, has a complete vocabulary, grammar, and syntax, but is usually not the beneficiary of institutional support. Examples of a nonstandard English dialect are Southern American English, Western Australian English, Scouse and Tyke. The Dialect Test was designed by Joseph Wright to compare different English dialects with each other.

title: Dialect

title: Dialect

text: A

text: nonstandard

text: dialect

text: like

text: a

text: standard

text: dialect

text: has

text: a

text: complete

text: vocabulary

text: grammar

text: and

text: syntax

text: but

text: is

text: usually

text: not

text: the

text: beneficiary

text: of

text: institutional

text: support

text: Examples

text: of

text: a

text: nonstandard

text: English

text: dialect

text: are

text: Southern

text: American

text: English

text: Western

text: Australian

text: English

text: Scouse

text: and

text: Tyke

text: The

text: Dialect

text: Test

text: was

text: designed

text: by

text: Joseph

text: Wright

text: to

text: compare

text: different

text: English

text: dialects

text: with

text: each

text: other

question: What does a nonstandard dialect usually not have compared to a standard dialect?

answer: institutional support

text: institutional support

question: What language is Scouse a dialect of?

answer: English

text: English

question: What was created for the sake of comparing English dialects?

answer: The Dialect Test

text: The Dialect Test

question: Who came up with the Dialect Test?

answer: Joseph Wright

text: Joseph Wright

question: Along with a syntax and grammar, what attribute does a dialect possess?

answer: vocabulary

text: vocabulary

question: Unlike a standard dialect, what does a nonstandard dialect have?

question: Unlike a nonstandard dialect, what does a standard dialect have?

question: A nonstandard dialect usually receives what type of support?

text: institutional

question: What are some examples of standard American English?

question: Which test was designed by Tyke to compare different English dialects?

text: The Dialect Test


text: London i/ˈlʌndən/ is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in the south eastern part of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it Londinium. London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its 1.12-square-mile (2.9 km2) medieval boundaries and in 2011 had a resident population of 7,375, making it the smallest city in England. Since at least the 19th century, the term London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms Greater London,[note 1] a region of England governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly.[note 2] The conurbation also covers two English counties: the small district of the City of London and the county of Greater London. The latter constitutes the vast majority of London, though historically it was split between Middlesex (a now abolished county), Essex, Surrey, Kent and Hertfordshire.

title: London

title: London

text: London

text: i/ˈlʌndən/

text: is

text: the

text: capital

text: and

text: most

text: populous

text: city

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: Standing

text: on

text: the

text: River

text: Thames

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Great

text: Britain

text: London

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: major

text: settlement

text: for

text: two

text: millennia

text: It

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: the

text: Romans

text: who

text: named

text: it

text: Londinium

text: London

text: 's

text: ancient

text: core

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: largely

text: retains

text: its

text: mile

text: medieval

text: boundaries

text: and

text: in

text: had

text: a

text: resident

text: population

text: of

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: smallest

text: city

text: in

text: England

text: Since

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: term

text: London

text: has

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: the

text: metropolis

text: developed

text: around

text: this

text: core

text: The

text: bulk

text: of

text: this

text: conurbation

text: forms

text: Greater

text: London,[note

text: a

text: region

text: of

text: England

text: governed

text: by

text: the

text: Mayor

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: London

text: Assembly.[note

text: The

text: conurbation

text: also

text: covers

text: two

text: English

text: counties

text: the

text: small

text: district

text: of

text: the

text: City

text: of

text: London

text: and

text: the

text: county

text: of

text: Greater

text: London

text: The

text: latter

text: constitutes

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: London

text: though

text: historically

text: it

text: was

text: split

text: between

text: Middlesex

text: a

text: now

text: abolished

text: county

text: Essex

text: Surrey

text: Kent

text: and

text: Hertfordshire

question: As of 2011 what was the population of the core of London?

answer: 7,375

question: On what river is London situated?

answer: River Thames

text: River Thames

question: What was London's original name, as founded by the Romans?

answer: Londinium

text: Londinium

question: What bodies govern Greater London?

answer: the Mayor of London and the London Assembly

text: the Mayor of London and the London Assembly

question: What is the approximate area of the core of the City of London?

answer: 1.12-square-mile (2.9 km2)

text: 1.12-square-mile (2.9 km2)


text: The city is roughly bisected by the North Canadian River (recently renamed the Oklahoma River inside city limits). The North Canadian once had sufficient flow to flood every year, wreaking destruction on surrounding areas, including the central business district and the original Oklahoma City Zoo. In the 1940s, a dam was built on the river to manage the flood control and reduced its level. In the 1990s, as part of the citywide revitalization project known as MAPS, the city built a series of low-water dams, returning water to the portion of the river flowing near downtown. The city has three large lakes: Lake Hefner and Lake Overholser, in the northwestern quarter of the city; and the largest, Lake Stanley Draper, in the sparsely populated far southeast portion of the city.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: roughly

text: bisected

text: by

text: the

text: North

text: Canadian

text: River

text: recently

text: renamed

text: the

text: Oklahoma

text: River

text: inside

text: city

text: limits

text: The

text: North

text: Canadian

text: once

text: had

text: sufficient

text: flow

text: to

text: flood

text: every

text: year

text: wreaking

text: destruction

text: on

text: surrounding

text: areas

text: including

text: the

text: central

text: business

text: district

text: and

text: the

text: original

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: Zoo

text: In

text: the

text: a

text: dam

text: was

text: built

text: on

text: the

text: river

text: to

text: manage

text: the

text: flood

text: control

text: and

text: reduced

text: its

text: level

text: In

text: the

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: citywide

text: revitalization

text: project

text: known

text: as

text: MAPS

text: the

text: city

text: built

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: low

text: water

text: dams

text: returning

text: water

text: to

text: the

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: river

text: flowing

text: near

text: downtown

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: three

text: large

text: lakes

text: Lake

text: Hefner

text: and

text: Lake

text: Overholser

text: in

text: the

text: northwestern

text: quarter

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: Lake

text: Stanley

text: Draper

text: in

text: the

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: far

text: southeast

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: city

question: What river flows through Oklahoma city?

answer: North Canadian River

text: North Canadian River

question: What is the new name for the part of the North Canadian River that resides within the city limits?

answer: Oklahoma River

text: Oklahoma River

question: When was a dam built for the river?

answer: 1940s

question: What was built in the 1990's to help return water to the river near downtown?

answer: low-water dams

text: low-water dams


text: Tito became increasingly ill over the course of 1979. During this time Vila Srna was built for his use near Morović in the event of his recovery. On 7 January and again on 11 January 1980, Tito was admitted to the Medical Centre in Ljubljana, the capital city of the SR Slovenia, with circulation problems in his legs. His left leg was amputated soon afterward due to arterial blockages and he died of gangrene at the Medical Centre Ljubljana on 4 May 1980 at 15:05, three days short of his 88th birthday. His funeral drew many world statesmen. Based on the number of attending politicians and state delegations, at the time it was the largest state funeral in history; this concentration of dignitaries would be unmatched until the funeral of Pope John Paul II in 2005 and the memorial service of Nelson Mandela in 2013. Those who attended included four kings, 31 presidents, six princes, 22 prime ministers and 47 ministers of foreign affairs. They came from both sides of the Cold War, from 128 different countries out of 154 UN members at the time.

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: Tito

text: became

text: increasingly

text: ill

text: over

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: During

text: this

text: time

text: Vila

text: Srna

text: was

text: built

text: for

text: his

text: use

text: near

text: Morović

text: in

text: the

text: event

text: of

text: his

text: recovery

text: On

text: January

text: and

text: again

text: on

text: January

text: Tito

text: was

text: admitted

text: to

text: the

text: Medical

text: Centre

text: in

text: Ljubljana

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: the

text: SR

text: Slovenia

text: with

text: circulation

text: problems

text: in

text: his

text: legs

text: His

text: left

text: leg

text: was

text: amputated

text: soon

text: afterward

text: due

text: to

text: arterial

text: blockages

text: and

text: he

text: died

text: of

text: gangrene

text: at

text: the

text: Medical

text: Centre

text: Ljubljana

text: on

text: May

text: at

text: three

text: days

text: short

text: of

text: his

text: birthday

text: His

text: funeral

text: drew

text: many

text: world

text: statesmen

text: Based

text: on

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: attending

text: politicians

text: and

text: state

text: delegations

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: largest

text: state

text: funeral

text: in

text: history

text: this

text: concentration

text: of

text: dignitaries

text: would

text: be

text: unmatched

text: until

text: the

text: funeral

text: of

text: Pope

text: John

text: Paul

text: II

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: memorial

text: service

text: of

text: Nelson

text: Mandela

text: in

text: Those

text: who

text: attended

text: included

text: four

text: kings

text: presidents

text: six

text: princes

text: prime

text: ministers

text: and

text: ministers

text: of

text: foreign

text: affairs

text: They

text: came

text: from

text: both

text: sides

text: of

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: from

text: different

text: countries

text: out

text: of

text: UN

text: members

text: at

text: the

text: time

question: During what year did Tito become increasingly ill?

answer: 1979

question: What was built near Morovic for Tito to use in the event of his recovery?

answer: Vila Srna

text: Vila Srna

question: Where was Tito admitted on 7 January and again on 11 January 1980 with circulatory problems?

answer: the Medical Centre in Ljubljana

text: the Medical Centre in Ljubljana

question: When did Tito die?

answer: 4 May 1980

text: 4 May 1980

question: Tito's cause of death was what?

answer: gangrene

text: gangrene


text: The Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, he is living on in other planes of existence, and monks are therefore permitted to offer "new truths" based on his input. Mahayana also differs from Theravada in its concept of śūnyatā (that ultimately nothing has existence), and in its belief in bodhisattvas (enlightened people who vow to continue being reborn until all beings can be enlightened).

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: The

text: Buddha

text: 's

text: death

text: is

text: seen

text: as

text: an

text: illusion

text: he

text: is

text: living

text: on

text: in

text: other

text: planes

text: of

text: existence

text: and

text: monks

text: are

text: therefore

text: permitted

text: to

text: offer

text: new

text: truths

text: based

text: on

text: his

text: input

text: Mahayana

text: also

text: differs

text: from

text: Theravada

text: in

text: its

text: concept

text: of

text: śūnyatā

text: that

text: ultimately

text: nothing

text: has

text: existence

text: and

text: in

text: its

text: belief

text: in

text: bodhisattvas

text: enlightened

text: people

text: who

text: vow

text: to

text: continue

text: being

text: reborn

text: until

text: all

text: beings

text: can

text: be

text: enlightened

question: Buddha's death is seen as an illusion, as he is living in other planes of what?

answer: existence

text: existence

question: Who is permitted to offer "new truths" based on Buddhas input?

answer: monks

text: monks

question: What is the term for the idea of ultimately nothing has existance?

answer: śūnyatā

text: śūnyatā

question: Who are enlightened people who vow to continue being reborn?

answer: bodhisattvas

text: bodhisattvas


text: Psychoactive drugs can impair the judgment of time. Stimulants can lead both humans and rats to overestimate time intervals, while depressants can have the opposite effect. The level of activity in the brain of neurotransmitters such as dopamine and norepinephrine may be the reason for this. Such chemicals will either excite or inhibit the firing of neurons in the brain, with a greater firing rate allowing the brain to register the occurrence of more events within a given interval (speed up time) and a decreased firing rate reducing the brain's capacity to distinguish events occurring within a given interval (slow down time).

title: Time

title: Time

text: Psychoactive

text: drugs

text: can

text: impair

text: the

text: judgment

text: of

text: time

text: Stimulants

text: can

text: lead

text: both

text: humans

text: and

text: rats

text: to

text: overestimate

text: time

text: intervals

text: while

text: depressants

text: can

text: have

text: the

text: opposite

text: effect

text: The

text: level

text: of

text: activity

text: in

text: the

text: brain

text: of

text: neurotransmitters

text: such

text: as

text: dopamine

text: and

text: norepinephrine

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: reason

text: for

text: this

text: Such

text: chemicals

text: will

text: either

text: excite

text: or

text: inhibit

text: the

text: firing

text: of

text: neurons

text: in

text: the

text: brain

text: with

text: a

text: greater

text: firing

text: rate

text: allowing

text: the

text: brain

text: to

text: register

text: the

text: occurrence

text: of

text: more

text: events

text: within

text: a

text: given

text: interval

text: speed

text: up

text: time

text: and

text: a

text: decreased

text: firing

text: rate

text: reducing

text: the

text: brain

text: 's

text: capacity

text: to

text: distinguish

text: events

text: occurring

text: within

text: a

text: given

text: interval

text: slow

text: down

text: time

question: What type of drugs can impair the judgement of time?

answer: Psychoactive drugs

text: Psychoactive drugs

question: Stimulants lead humans to overestimate what?

answer: time intervals

text: time intervals

question: What causes humans to underestimate time intervals?

answer: depressants

text: depressants

question: The level of what is the reason stimulants and depressants change human perceptions of time?

answer: The level of activity in the brain of neurotransmitters

text: The level of activity in the brain of neurotransmitters

question: Such chemicals do what to the firing of the brain's neurons?

answer: either excite or inhibit the firing of neurons

text: either excite or inhibit the firing of neurons

question: What do rats not understand?

text: the judgment of time

question: What does a decreased firing rate allow more of in the brain?

question: What does the presence of neurons impair the judgement of in rats?

text: time

question: What can neurons lead humans and rats to overestimate?

text: time intervals

question: What causes rats to underestimate dopamine levels?

text: depressants

question: What type of drugs can impair the judgement of events?

text: Psychoactive drugs

question: Stimulants lead humans to underestimate what?

text: time intervals

question: What causes humans to estimate time intervals?

text: depressants

question: The level of what is the reason stimulants and depressants change human perceptions of neurons?

question: Such events do what to the firing of the brain's neurons?


text: American comic books have adopted the character type for stories of their own like the mutant-villain Silver Samurai of Marvel Comics. The design of this character preserves the samurai appearance; the villain is “Clad in traditional gleaming samurai armor and wielding an energy charged katana” (Buxton, 2013). Not only does the Silver Samurai make over 350 comic book appearances, the character is playable in several video games, such as Marvel Vs. Capcom 1 and 2. In 2013, the samurai villain was depicted in James Mangold’s film The Wolverine. Ten years before the Wolverine debuted, another film helped pave the way to ensure the samurai were made known to American cinema: A film released in 2003 titled The Last Samurai, starring Tom Cruise, is inspired by the samurai way of life. In the film, Cruise’s character finds himself deeply immersed in samurai culture. The character in the film, “Nathan Algren, is a fictional contrivance to make nineteenth-century Japanese history less foreign to American viewers”.(Ravina, 2010) After being captured by a group of samurai rebels, he becomes empathetic towards the cause they fight for. Taking place during the Meiji Period, Tom Cruise plays the role of US Army Captain Nathan Algren, who travels to Japan to train a rookie army in fighting off samurai rebel groups. Becoming a product of his environment, Algren joins the samurai clan in an attempt to rescue a captured samurai leader. “By the end of the film, he has clearly taken on many of the samurai traits, such as zen-like mastery of the sword, and a budding understanding of spirituality”. (Manion, 2006)

title: Samurai

title: Samurai

text: American

text: comic

text: books

text: have

text: adopted

text: the

text: character

text: type

text: for

text: stories

text: of

text: their

text: own

text: like

text: the

text: mutant

text: villain

text: Silver

text: Samurai

text: of

text: Marvel

text: Comics

text: The

text: design

text: of

text: this

text: character

text: preserves

text: the

text: samurai

text: appearance

text: the

text: villain

text: is

text: Clad

text: in

text: traditional

text: gleaming

text: samurai

text: armor

text: and

text: wielding

text: an

text: energy

text: charged

text: katana

text: Buxton

text: Not

text: only

text: does

text: the

text: Silver

text: Samurai

text: make

text: over

text: comic

text: book

text: appearances

text: the

text: character

text: is

text: playable

text: in

text: several

text: video

text: games

text: such

text: as

text: Marvel

text: Vs

text: Capcom

text: and

text: In

text: the

text: samurai

text: villain

text: was

text: depicted

text: in

text: James

text: Mangold

text: ’s

text: film

text: The

text: Wolverine

text: Ten

text: years

text: before

text: the

text: Wolverine

text: debuted

text: another

text: film

text: helped

text: pave

text: the

text: way

text: to

text: ensure

text: the

text: samurai

text: were

text: made

text: known

text: to

text: American

text: cinema

text: A

text: film

text: released

text: in

text: titled

text: The

text: Last

text: Samurai

text: starring

text: Tom

text: Cruise

text: is

text: inspired

text: by

text: the

text: samurai

text: way

text: of

text: life

text: In

text: the

text: film

text: Cruise

text: ’s

text: character

text: finds

text: himself

text: deeply

text: immersed

text: in

text: samurai

text: culture

text: The

text: character

text: in

text: the

text: film

text: Nathan

text: Algren

text: is

text: a

text: fictional

text: contrivance

text: to

text: make

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: Japanese

text: history

text: less

text: foreign

text: to

text: American

text: viewers”.(Ravina

text: After

text: being

text: captured

text: by

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: samurai

text: rebels

text: he

text: becomes

text: empathetic

text: towards

text: the

text: cause

text: they

text: fight

text: for

text: Taking

text: place

text: during

text: the

text: Meiji

text: Period

text: Tom

text: Cruise

text: plays

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: US

text: Army

text: Captain

text: Nathan

text: Algren

text: who

text: travels

text: to

text: Japan

text: to

text: train

text: a

text: rookie

text: army

text: in

text: fighting

text: off

text: samurai

text: rebel

text: groups

text: Becoming

text: a

text: product

text: of

text: his

text: environment

text: Algren

text: joins

text: the

text: samurai

text: clan

text: in

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: rescue

text: a

text: captured

text: samurai

text: leader

text: By

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: film

text: he

text: has

text: clearly

text: taken

text: on

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: samurai

text: traits

text: such

text: as

text: zen

text: like

text: mastery

text: of

text: the

text: sword

text: and

text: a

text: budding

text: understanding

text: of

text: spirituality

text: Manion

question: In what company's comics did Silver Samurai appear?

answer: Marvel

text: Marvel

question: What is Silver Samurai's weapon?

answer: an energy charged katana

text: an energy charged katana

question: How many comic books has Silver Samurai appeared in?

answer: over 350

text: over 350

question: Who starred in The Last Samurai?

answer: Tom Cruise

text: Tom Cruise

question: Who did Tom Cruise play in The Last Samurai?

answer: US Army Captain Nathan Algren

text: US Army Captain Nathan Algren


text: Rajasthan is known for its traditional, colorful art. The block prints, tie and dye prints, Bagaru prints, Sanganer prints, and Zari embroidery are major export products from Rajasthan. Handicraft items like wooden furniture and crafts, carpets, and blue pottery are commonly found here. Shopping reflects the colorful culture, Rajasthani clothes have a lot of mirror work and embroidery. A Rajasthani traditional dress for females comprises an ankle-length skirt and a short top, also known as a lehenga or a chaniya choli. A piece of cloth is used to cover the head, both for protection from heat and maintenance of modesty. Rajasthani dresses are usually designed in bright colors like blue, yellow and orange.

title: Rajasthan

title: Rajasthan

text: Rajasthan

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: traditional

text: colorful

text: art

text: The

text: block

text: prints

text: tie

text: and

text: dye

text: prints

text: Bagaru

text: prints

text: Sanganer

text: prints

text: and

text: Zari

text: embroidery

text: are

text: major

text: export

text: products

text: from

text: Rajasthan

text: Handicraft

text: items

text: like

text: wooden

text: furniture

text: and

text: crafts

text: carpets

text: and

text: blue

text: pottery

text: are

text: commonly

text: found

text: here

text: Shopping

text: reflects

text: the

text: colorful

text: culture

text: Rajasthani

text: clothes

text: have

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: mirror

text: work

text: and

text: embroidery

text: A

text: Rajasthani

text: traditional

text: dress

text: for

text: females

text: comprises

text: an

text: ankle

text: length

text: skirt

text: and

text: a

text: short

text: top

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: a

text: lehenga

text: or

text: a

text: chaniya

text: choli

text: A

text: piece

text: of

text: cloth

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: cover

text: the

text: head

text: both

text: for

text: protection

text: from

text: heat

text: and

text: maintenance

text: of

text: modesty

text: Rajasthani

text: dresses

text: are

text: usually

text: designed

text: in

text: bright

text: colors

text: like

text: blue

text: yellow

text: and

text: orange

question: Bagaru and Sanganer represent what type of art?

answer: prints

text: prints

question: Zari is a type of what art that is a major Rajasthani export?

answer: embroidery

text: embroidery

question: Females in Rajasthan wear what type of traditional clothing?

answer: ankle-length skirt and a short top

text: ankle-length skirt and a short top

question: What are the names for a traditional female short-top piece of clothing?

answer: lehenga or a chaniya choli

text: lehenga or a chaniya choli

question: What colors are dresses in Rajasthan typically made using?

answer: bright colors like blue, yellow and orange

text: bright colors like blue, yellow and orange

question: What are some things exported from Zari?

question: What is Zari known for?

text: its traditional, colorful art

question: What type of items are usually found in Baragu?

question: What type of embellishment do Zari clothes have?

text: a lot of mirror work and embroidery

question: What colors are traditional Zari dresses made of?

text: blue, yellow and orange


text: In 1902, Spalding, who by this time had revamped the roster to boast what would soon be one of the best teams of the early century, sold the club to Jim Hart. The franchise was nicknamed the Cubs by the Chicago Daily News in 1902, although not officially becoming the Chicago Cubs until the 1907 season. During this period, which has become known as baseball's dead-ball era, Cub infielders Joe Tinker, Johnny Evers, and Frank Chance were made famous as a double-play combination by Franklin P. Adams' poem Baseball's Sad Lexicon. The poem first appeared in the July 18, 1910 edition of the New York Evening Mail. Mordecai "Three-Finger" Brown, Jack Taylor, Ed Reulbach, Jack Pfiester, and Orval Overall were several key pitchers for the Cubs during this time period. With Chance acting as player-manager from 1905 to 1912, the Cubs won four pennants and two World Series titles over a five-year span. Although they fell to the "Hitless Wonders" White Sox in the 1906 World Series, the Cubs recorded a record 116 victories and the best winning percentage (.763) in Major League history. With mostly the same roster, Chicago won back-to-back World Series championships in 1907 and 1908, becoming the first Major League club to play three times in the Fall Classic and the first to win it twice. However, the Cubs have not won a World Series since; this remains the longest championship drought in North American professional sports.

title: Chicago_Cubs

title: Chicago_Cubs

text: In

text: Spalding

text: who

text: by

text: this

text: time

text: had

text: revamped

text: the

text: roster

text: to

text: boast

text: what

text: would

text: soon

text: be

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: teams

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: sold

text: the

text: club

text: to

text: Jim

text: Hart

text: The

text: franchise

text: was

text: nicknamed

text: the

text: Cubs

text: by

text: the

text: Chicago

text: Daily

text: News

text: in

text: although

text: not

text: officially

text: becoming

text: the

text: Chicago

text: Cubs

text: until

text: the

text: season

text: During

text: this

text: period

text: which

text: has

text: become

text: known

text: as

text: baseball

text: 's

text: dead

text: ball

text: era

text: Cub

text: infielders

text: Joe

text: Tinker

text: Johnny

text: Evers

text: and

text: Frank

text: Chance

text: were

text: made

text: famous

text: as

text: a

text: double

text: play

text: combination

text: by

text: Franklin

text: P.

text: Adams

text: poem

text: Baseball

text: 's

text: Sad

text: Lexicon

text: The

text: poem

text: first

text: appeared

text: in

text: the

text: July

text: edition

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: Evening

text: Mail

text: Mordecai

text: Three

text: Finger

text: Brown

text: Jack

text: Taylor

text: Ed

text: Reulbach

text: Jack

text: Pfiester

text: and

text: Orval

text: Overall

text: were

text: several

text: key

text: pitchers

text: for

text: the

text: Cubs

text: during

text: this

text: time

text: period

text: With

text: Chance

text: acting

text: as

text: player

text: manager

text: from

text: to

text: the

text: Cubs

text: won

text: four

text: pennants

text: and

text: two

text: World

text: Series

text: titles

text: over

text: a

text: five

text: year

text: span

text: Although

text: they

text: fell

text: to

text: the

text: Hitless

text: Wonders

text: White

text: Sox

text: in

text: the

text: World

text: Series

text: the

text: Cubs

text: recorded

text: a

text: record

text: victories

text: and

text: the

text: best

text: winning

text: percentage

text: in

text: Major

text: League

text: history

text: With

text: mostly

text: the

text: same

text: roster

text: Chicago

text: won

text: back

text: to

text: back

text: World

text: Series

text: championships

text: in

text: and

text: becoming

text: the

text: first

text: Major

text: League

text: club

text: to

text: play

text: three

text: times

text: in

text: the

text: Fall

text: Classic

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: win

text: it

text: twice

text: However

text: the

text: Cubs

text: have

text: not

text: won

text: a

text: World

text: Series

text: since

text: this

text: remains

text: the

text: longest

text: championship

text: drought

text: in

text: North

text: American

text: professional

text: sports

question: Who did Spalding sell the Cubs to in 1902?

answer: Jim Hart

text: Jim Hart

question: Who nicknamed the franchise the Cubs in 1902?

answer: Chicago Daily News

text: Chicago Daily News

question: Who wrote the poem Baseball's Sad Lexicon?

answer: Franklin P. Adams

text: Franklin P. Adams

question: Who holds the longest championship drought in North American professional sports?

answer: the Cubs

text: the Cubs


text: In the Southern Russian dialects, instances of unstressed /e/ and /a/ following palatalized consonants and preceding a stressed syllable are not reduced to [ɪ] (as occurs in the Moscow dialect), being instead pronounced [a] in such positions (e.g. несли is pronounced [nʲaˈslʲi], not [nʲɪsˈlʲi]) – this is called yakanye/яканье. Consonants include a fricative /ɣ/, a semivowel /w~u̯/ and /x~xv~xw/, whereas the Standard and Northern dialects have the consonants /ɡ/, /v/, and final /l/ and /f/, respectively. The morphology features a palatalized final /tʲ/ in 3rd person forms of verbs (this is unpalatalized in the Standard and Northern dialects). Some of these features such as akanye/yakanye, a debuccalized or lenited /ɡ/, a semivowel /w~u̯/ and palatalized final /tʲ/ in 3rd person forms of verbs are also present in modern Belarusian and some dialects of Ukrainian (Eastern Polesian), indicating a linguistic continuum.

title: Russian_language

title: Russian_language

text: In

text: the

text: Southern

text: Russian

text: dialects

text: instances

text: of

text: unstressed

text: /e/

text: and

text: /a/

text: following

text: palatalized

text: consonants

text: and

text: preceding

text: a

text: stressed

text: syllable

text: are

text: not

text: reduced

text: to

text: ɪ

text: as

text: occurs

text: in

text: the

text: Moscow

text: dialect

text: being

text: instead

text: pronounced

text: a

text: in

text: such

text: positions

text: e.g.

text: несли

text: is

text: pronounced

text: nʲaˈslʲi

text: not

text: nʲɪsˈlʲi

text: this

text: is

text: called

text: yakanye/яканье.

text: Consonants

text: include

text: a

text: fricative

text: /ɣ/

text: a

text: semivowel

text: /w

text: u̯/

text: and

text: /x

text: xv

text: xw/

text: whereas

text: the

text: Standard

text: and

text: Northern

text: dialects

text: have

text: the

text: consonants

text: /ɡ/

text: /v/

text: and

text: final

text: /l/

text: and

text: /f/

text: respectively

text: The

text: morphology

text: features

text: a

text: palatalized

text: final

text: /tʲ/

text: in

text: person

text: forms

text: of

text: verbs

text: this

text: is

text: unpalatalized

text: in

text: the

text: Standard

text: and

text: Northern

text: dialects

text: Some

text: of

text: these

text: features

text: such

text: as

text: akanye

text: yakanye

text: a

text: debuccalized

text: or

text: lenited

text: /ɡ/

text: a

text: semivowel

text: /w

text: u̯/

text: and

text: palatalized

text: final

text: /tʲ/

text: in

text: person

text: forms

text: of

text: verbs

text: are

text: also

text: present

text: in

text: modern

text: Belarusian

text: and

text: some

text: dialects

text: of

text: Ukrainian

text: Eastern

text: Polesian

text: indicating

text: a

text: linguistic

text: continuum

question: What is pronounced [a] in Southern Russian?

answer: unstressed /e/ and /a/ following palatalized consonants and preceding a stressed syllable

text: unstressed /e/ and /a/ following palatalized consonants and preceding a stressed syllable

question: What is pronounced [ɪ] in Moscow's dialect?

answer: unstressed /e/ and /a/ following palatalized consonants and preceding a stressed syllable

text: unstressed /e/ and /a/ following palatalized consonants and preceding a stressed syllable

question: What does Southern Russian have a linguistic continuum with?

answer: modern Belarusian and some dialects of Ukrainian (Eastern Polesian)

text: modern Belarusian and some dialects of Ukrainian (Eastern Polesian)

question: What is called yakanye in Standard and Northern dialects?

question: What do Standard dialects have a linguistic continuum with?

question: In a semivowel what is unpalatalized?

text: final /tʲ/ in 3rd person forms of verbs

question: What consonants are included in Belarusian?

text: /ɡ/, /v/, and final /l/ and /f/

question: What do consonants include in Ukranian?


text: This change is interesting from a sociolinguistic point of view because it has apparently happened relatively recently, in the 1970s, and was pioneered by older well-educated women from the upper middle classes. The lowering of the diphthongs has long been current in many Dutch dialects, and is comparable to the English Great Vowel Shift, and the diphthongisation of long high vowels in Modern High German, which centuries earlier reached the state now found in Polder Dutch. Stroop theorizes that the lowering of open-mid to open diphthongs is a phonetically "natural" and inevitable development and that Dutch, after having diphthongised the long high vowels like German and English, "should" have lowered the diphthongs like German and English as well.

title: Dutch_language

title: Dutch_language

text: This

text: change

text: is

text: interesting

text: from

text: a

text: sociolinguistic

text: point

text: of

text: view

text: because

text: it

text: has

text: apparently

text: happened

text: relatively

text: recently

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: was

text: pioneered

text: by

text: older

text: well

text: educated

text: women

text: from

text: the

text: upper

text: middle

text: classes

text: The

text: lowering

text: of

text: the

text: diphthongs

text: has

text: long

text: been

text: current

text: in

text: many

text: Dutch

text: dialects

text: and

text: is

text: comparable

text: to

text: the

text: English

text: Great

text: Vowel

text: Shift

text: and

text: the

text: diphthongisation

text: of

text: long

text: high

text: vowels

text: in

text: Modern

text: High

text: German

text: which

text: centuries

text: earlier

text: reached

text: the

text: state

text: now

text: found

text: in

text: Polder

text: Dutch

text: Stroop

text: theorizes

text: that

text: the

text: lowering

text: of

text: open

text: mid

text: to

text: open

text: diphthongs

text: is

text: a

text: phonetically

text: natural

text: and

text: inevitable

text: development

text: and

text: that

text: Dutch

text: after

text: having

text: diphthongised

text: the

text: long

text: high

text: vowels

text: like

text: German

text: and

text: English

text: should

text: have

text: lowered

text: the

text: diphthongs

text: like

text: German

text: and

text: English

text: as

text: well

question: What linguistic event in English could we parallel with the Dutch lowering of diphthongs?

answer: English Great Vowel Shift

text: English Great Vowel Shift

question: In what decade did the Dutch diphthong lowering occur?

answer: 1970s

question: The lowering of diphthongs is intriguing partly because it's associated with what single gender?

answer: women

text: women

question: What researcher posited that the lowering of diphthongs is "natural"?

answer: Stroop

text: Stroop

question: Which language, in addition to German, did Stroop use to compare Dutch with when stating that the diphthongs "should" have lowered?

answer: English

text: English


text: In spring 1987, a protest movement arose against new phosphate mines in Estonia. Signatures were collected in Tartu, and students assembled in the university's main hall to express lack of confidence in the government. At a demonstration on May 1, 1987, young people showed up with banners and slogans despite an official ban. On August 15, 1987, former political prisoners formed the MRP-AEG group (Estonians for the Public Disclosure of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact), which was headed by Tiit Madisson. In September 1987, the Edasi newspaper published a proposal by Edgar Savisaar, Siim Kallas, Tiit Made, and Mikk Titma calling for Estonia's transition to autonomy. Initially geared toward economic independence, then toward a certain amount of political autonomy, the project, Isemajandav Eesti ("A Self-Managing Estonia") became known according to its Estonian acronym, IME, which means "miracle". On October 21, a demonstration dedicated to those who gave their lives in the 1918–1920 Estonian War of Independence took place in Võru, which culminated in a conflict with the militia. For the first time in years, the blue, black, and white national tricolor was publicly displayed.

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

text: In

text: spring

text: a

text: protest

text: movement

text: arose

text: against

text: new

text: phosphate

text: mines

text: in

text: Estonia

text: Signatures

text: were

text: collected

text: in

text: Tartu

text: and

text: students

text: assembled

text: in

text: the

text: university

text: 's

text: main

text: hall

text: to

text: express

text: lack

text: of

text: confidence

text: in

text: the

text: government

text: At

text: a

text: demonstration

text: on

text: May

text: young

text: people

text: showed

text: up

text: with

text: banners

text: and

text: slogans

text: despite

text: an

text: official

text: ban

text: On

text: August

text: former

text: political

text: prisoners

text: formed

text: the

text: MRP

text: AEG

text: group

text: Estonians

text: for

text: the

text: Public

text: Disclosure

text: of

text: the

text: Molotov

text: Ribbentrop

text: Pact

text: which

text: was

text: headed

text: by

text: Tiit

text: Madisson

text: In

text: September

text: the

text: Edasi

text: newspaper

text: published

text: a

text: proposal

text: by

text: Edgar

text: Savisaar

text: Siim

text: Kallas

text: Tiit

text: Made

text: and

text: Mikk

text: Titma

text: calling

text: for

text: Estonia

text: 's

text: transition

text: to

text: autonomy

text: Initially

text: geared

text: toward

text: economic

text: independence

text: then

text: toward

text: a

text: certain

text: amount

text: of

text: political

text: autonomy

text: the

text: project

text: Isemajandav

text: Eesti

text: A

text: Self

text: Managing

text: Estonia

text: became

text: known

text: according

text: to

text: its

text: Estonian

text: acronym

text: IME

text: which

text: means

text: miracle

text: On

text: October

text: a

text: demonstration

text: dedicated

text: to

text: those

text: who

text: gave

text: their

text: lives

text: in

text: the

text: Estonian

text: War

text: of

text: Independence

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: Võru

text: which

text: culminated

text: in

text: a

text: conflict

text: with

text: the

text: militia

text: For

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: in

text: years

text: the

text: blue

text: black

text: and

text: white

text: national

text: tricolor

text: was

text: publicly

text: displayed

question: What was being protested in Estonia?

answer: new phosphate mines

text: new phosphate mines

question: When did the phosphate mine protests begin?

answer: spring 1987

text: spring 1987

question: What group was started by ex-political prisoners?

answer: MRP-AEG group

text: MRP-AEG group

question: Who was in charge of the MRP-AEG group?

answer: Tiit Madisson

text: Tiit Madisson

question: What was requested for Estonia in the proposal printed by the Edasi newspaper in 1987?

answer: autonomy

text: autonomy


text: Relations between Nasser and King Hussein deteriorated in April when Hussein implicated Nasser in two coup attempts against him—although Nasser's involvement was never established—and dissolved al-Nabulsi's cabinet. Nasser subsequently slammed Hussein on Cairo radio as being "a tool of the imperialists". Relations with King Saud also became antagonistic as the latter began to fear that Nasser's increasing popularity in Saudi Arabia was a genuine threat to the royal family's survival. Despite opposition from the governments of Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Lebanon, Nasser maintained his prestige among their citizens and those of other Arab countries.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: Relations

text: between

text: Nasser

text: and

text: King

text: Hussein

text: deteriorated

text: in

text: April

text: when

text: Hussein

text: implicated

text: Nasser

text: in

text: two

text: coup

text: attempts

text: against

text: him

text: although

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: involvement

text: was

text: never

text: established

text: and

text: dissolved

text: al

text: Nabulsi

text: 's

text: cabinet

text: Nasser

text: subsequently

text: slammed

text: Hussein

text: on

text: Cairo

text: radio

text: as

text: being

text: a

text: tool

text: of

text: the

text: imperialists

text: Relations

text: with

text: King

text: Saud

text: also

text: became

text: antagonistic

text: as

text: the

text: latter

text: began

text: to

text: fear

text: that

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: increasing

text: popularity

text: in

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: was

text: a

text: genuine

text: threat

text: to

text: the

text: royal

text: family

text: 's

text: survival

text: Despite

text: opposition

text: from

text: the

text: governments

text: of

text: Jordan

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: Iraq

text: and

text: Lebanon

text: Nasser

text: maintained

text: his

text: prestige

text: among

text: their

text: citizens

text: and

text: those

text: of

text: other

text: Arab

text: countries

question: What leader accused Nasser of trying to overthrow him?

answer: King Hussein

text: King Hussein

question: What did Nasser call King Hussein?

answer: a tool of the imperialists

text: a tool of the imperialists

question: What non-Egyptian leader was concerned about Nasser's popularity outside of Egypt?

answer: King Saud

text: King Saud

question: Despite conflicts with Arab governments, who continued to support Nasser?

answer: citizens

text: citizens


text: Production industry constitutes a small part of the economy of Utrecht. The economy of Utrecht depends for a large part on the several large institutions located in the city. It is the centre of the Dutch railroad network and the location of the head office of Nederlandse Spoorwegen. ProRail is headquartered in The De Inktpot (nl) (The Inkpot) – the largest brick building in the Netherlands (the "UFO" featured on its façade stems from an art program in 2000). Rabobank, a large bank, has its headquarters in Utrecht.

title: Utrecht

title: Utrecht

text: Production

text: industry

text: constitutes

text: a

text: small

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: economy

text: of

text: Utrecht

text: The

text: economy

text: of

text: Utrecht

text: depends

text: for

text: a

text: large

text: part

text: on

text: the

text: several

text: large

text: institutions

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: Dutch

text: railroad

text: network

text: and

text: the

text: location

text: of

text: the

text: head

text: office

text: of

text: Nederlandse

text: Spoorwegen

text: ProRail

text: is

text: headquartered

text: in

text: The

text: De

text: Inktpot

text: nl

text: The

text: Inkpot

text: the

text: largest

text: brick

text: building

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: the

text: UFO

text: featured

text: on

text: its

text: façade

text: stems

text: from

text: an

text: art

text: program

text: in

text: Rabobank

text: a

text: large

text: bank

text: has

text: its

text: headquarters

text: in

text: Utrecht

question: What does Utrecht's economy  depend on

answer: The economy of Utrecht depends for a large part on the several large institutions located in the city

text: The economy of Utrecht depends for a large part on the several large institutions located in the city

question: what is centered in Utrecht

answer: It is the centre of the Dutch railroad network and the location of the head office of Nederlandse Spoorwegen

text: It is the centre of the Dutch railroad network and the location of the head office of Nederlandse Spoorwegen

question: What bank is head quartered in Utrecht

answer: Rabobank, a large bank, has its headquarters in Utrecht.

text: Rabobank, a large bank, has its headquarters in Utrecht.

question: For what city is the production industry a large part of the economy?

text: Utrecht

question: Where is the center of the EU railway located?

text: Utrecht

question: What is the largest brick building in Europe?

text: The De Inktpot

question: What resulted in a UFO on the side of The De Inktpot in the 20th century?

text: an art program


text: The timing of migration seems to be controlled primarily by changes in day length. Migrating birds navigate using celestial cues from the sun and stars, the earth's magnetic field, and probably also mental maps.

title: Bird_migration

title: Bird_migration

text: The

text: timing

text: of

text: migration

text: seems

text: to

text: be

text: controlled

text: primarily

text: by

text: changes

text: in

text: day

text: length

text: Migrating

text: birds

text: navigate

text: using

text: celestial

text: cues

text: from

text: the

text: sun

text: and

text: stars

text: the

text: earth

text: 's

text: magnetic

text: field

text: and

text: probably

text: also

text: mental

text: maps

question: What causes the timing of migration?

answer: changes in day length

text: changes in day length

question: How do migrating birds navigate?

answer: celestial cues from the sun and stars

text: celestial cues from the sun and stars

question: How else to migrating birds navigate?

answer: the earth's magnetic field

text: the earth's magnetic field

question: What might help migrating birds navigate?

answer: mental maps

text: mental maps


text: The most recognizable icon of Mexico City is the golden Angel of Independence on the wide, elegant avenue Paseo de la Reforma, modeled by the order of the Emperor Maximilian of Mexico after the Champs-Élysées in Paris. This avenue was designed over the Americas' oldest known major roadway in the 19th century to connect the National Palace (seat of government) with the Castle of Chapultepec, the imperial residence. Today, this avenue is an important financial district in which the Mexican Stock Exchange and several corporate headquarters are located. Another important avenue is the Avenida de los Insurgentes, which extends 28.8 km (17.9 mi) and is one of the longest single avenues in the world.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: The

text: most

text: recognizable

text: icon

text: of

text: Mexico

text: City

text: is

text: the

text: golden

text: Angel

text: of

text: Independence

text: on

text: the

text: wide

text: elegant

text: avenue

text: Paseo

text: de

text: la

text: Reforma

text: modeled

text: by

text: the

text: order

text: of

text: the

text: Emperor

text: Maximilian

text: of

text: Mexico

text: after

text: the

text: Champs

text: Élysées

text: in

text: Paris

text: This

text: avenue

text: was

text: designed

text: over

text: the

text: Americas

text: oldest

text: known

text: major

text: roadway

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: connect

text: the

text: National

text: Palace

text: seat

text: of

text: government

text: with

text: the

text: Castle

text: of

text: Chapultepec

text: the

text: imperial

text: residence

text: Today

text: this

text: avenue

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: financial

text: district

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: Mexican

text: Stock

text: Exchange

text: and

text: several

text: corporate

text: headquarters

text: are

text: located

text: Another

text: important

text: avenue

text: is

text: the

text: Avenida

text: de

text: los

text: Insurgentes

text: which

text: extends

text: km

text: mi

text: and

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: longest

text: single

text: avenues

text: in

text: the

text: world

question: What is the most popular icon of Mexico City?

answer: golden Angel of Independence

text: golden Angel of Independence

question: Who made the Angel of Independence?

answer: the order of the Emperor Maximilian

text: the order of the Emperor Maximilian

question: The angel of independence is over the roadway that connects what?

answer: National Palace (seat of government) with the Castle of Chapultepec

text: National Palace (seat of government) with the Castle of Chapultepec

question: How long is the longest avenue in Mexico City?

answer: 28.8 km (17.9 mi)

text: 28.8 km (17.9 mi)

question: What is the name of the longest avenue in Mexico City?

answer: Avenida de los Insurgentes

text: Avenida de los Insurgentes


text: Jehovah's Witnesses believe that Jesus is God's only direct creation, that everything else was created by means of Christ, and that the initial unassisted act of creation uniquely identifies Jesus as God's "only-begotten Son". Jesus served as a redeemer and a ransom sacrifice to pay for the sins of humanity. They believe Jesus died on a single upright post rather than the traditional cross. They believe that references in the Bible to the Archangel Michael, Abaddon (Apollyon), and the Word all refer to Jesus. Jesus is considered to be the only intercessor and high priest between God and humanity, and appointed by God as the king and judge of his kingdom. His role as a mediator (referred to in 1 Timothy 2:5) is applied to the 'anointed' class, though the 'other sheep' are said to also benefit from the arrangement.

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

text: Jehovah

text: 's

text: Witnesses

text: believe

text: that

text: Jesus

text: is

text: God

text: 's

text: only

text: direct

text: creation

text: that

text: everything

text: else

text: was

text: created

text: by

text: means

text: of

text: Christ

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: initial

text: unassisted

text: act

text: of

text: creation

text: uniquely

text: identifies

text: Jesus

text: as

text: God

text: 's

text: only

text: begotten

text: Son

text: Jesus

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: redeemer

text: and

text: a

text: ransom

text: sacrifice

text: to

text: pay

text: for

text: the

text: sins

text: of

text: humanity

text: They

text: believe

text: Jesus

text: died

text: on

text: a

text: single

text: upright

text: post

text: rather

text: than

text: the

text: traditional

text: cross

text: They

text: believe

text: that

text: references

text: in

text: the

text: Bible

text: to

text: the

text: Archangel

text: Michael

text: Abaddon

text: Apollyon

text: and

text: the

text: Word

text: all

text: refer

text: to

text: Jesus

text: Jesus

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: only

text: intercessor

text: and

text: high

text: priest

text: between

text: God

text: and

text: humanity

text: and

text: appointed

text: by

text: God

text: as

text: the

text: king

text: and

text: judge

text: of

text: his

text: kingdom

text: His

text: role

text: as

text: a

text: mediator

text: referred

text: to

text: in

text: Timothy

text: is

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: anointed

text: class

text: though

text: the

text: other

text: sheep

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: also

text: benefit

text: from

text: the

text: arrangement

question: Who do Jehovah Witnesses believe is God's only direct creation?

answer: Jesus

text: Jesus

question: What was Jesus a ransom sacrifice to pay for?

answer: the sins of humanity

text: the sins of humanity

question: What do Jehovah Witnesses believe Jesus died on rather than a traditional cross?

answer: a single upright post

text: a single upright post

question: Jesus is considered to be the only what between God and humanity?

answer: intercessor and high priest

text: intercessor and high priest

question: What biblical passage outlines Jesus' role as a mediator?

answer: 1 Timothy 2:5

text: 1 Timothy 2:5

question: What Christian religion believes Jesus died on a cross?

text: Jehovah's Witnesses

question: What do Catholics think God created?

text: everything

question: Who do Catholics think Archangel Michael is?

text: Jesus

question: Which religion believes people are free of original sin?

text: Jehovah's Witnesses

question: Who do Catholics think Abaddon is?

text: Jesus


text: The Governor of Michigan, Rick Snyder, declared a financial emergency for the city in March 2013, appointing an emergency manager. On July 18, 2013, Detroit filed the largest municipal bankruptcy case in U.S. history. It was declared bankrupt by Judge Steven W. Rhodes of the Bankruptcy Court for the Eastern District of Michigan on December 3, 2013; he cited its $18.5 billion debt and declared that negotiations with its thousands of creditors were unfeasible. On November 7, 2014, Judge Rhodes approved the city's bankruptcy plan, allowing the city to begin the process of exiting bankruptcy. The City of Detroit successfully exited Chapter 9 municipal bankruptcy with all finances handed back to the city at midnight on December 11, 2014.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: The

text: Governor

text: of

text: Michigan

text: Rick

text: Snyder

text: declared

text: a

text: financial

text: emergency

text: for

text: the

text: city

text: in

text: March

text: appointing

text: an

text: emergency

text: manager

text: On

text: July

text: Detroit

text: filed

text: the

text: largest

text: municipal

text: bankruptcy

text: case

text: in

text: U.S.

text: history

text: It

text: was

text: declared

text: bankrupt

text: by

text: Judge

text: Steven

text: W.

text: Rhodes

text: of

text: the

text: Bankruptcy

text: Court

text: for

text: the

text: Eastern

text: District

text: of

text: Michigan

text: on

text: December

text: he

text: cited

text: its

text: billion

text: debt

text: and

text: declared

text: that

text: negotiations

text: with

text: its

text: thousands

text: of

text: creditors

text: were

text: unfeasible

text: On

text: November

text: Judge

text: Rhodes

text: approved

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: bankruptcy

text: plan

text: allowing

text: the

text: city

text: to

text: begin

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: exiting

text: bankruptcy

text: The

text: City

text: of

text: Detroit

text: successfully

text: exited

text: Chapter

text: municipal

text: bankruptcy

text: with

text: all

text: finances

text: handed

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: at

text: midnight

text: on

text: December

question: Who is the Governor in Michigan?

answer: Rick Snyder

text: Rick Snyder

question: On which date did Detroit file bankruptcy?

answer: July 18, 2013

text: July 18, 2013

question: How much debt did Detroit have when they declared bankruptcy?

answer: $18.5 billion

text: $18.5 billion

question: On which date was Detroit's bankruptcy plan approved?

answer: November 7, 2014

text: November 7, 2014

question: What type of bankruptcy did Detroit go through?

answer: Chapter 9

text: Chapter 9


text: Infrared vibrational spectroscopy (see also near-infrared spectroscopy) is a technique that can be used to identify molecules by analysis of their constituent bonds. Each chemical bond in a molecule vibrates at a frequency characteristic of that bond. A group of atoms in a molecule (e.g., CH2) may have multiple modes of oscillation caused by the stretching and bending motions of the group as a whole. If an oscillation leads to a change in dipole in the molecule then it will absorb a photon that has the same frequency. The vibrational frequencies of most molecules correspond to the frequencies of infrared light. Typically, the technique is used to study organic compounds using light radiation from 4000–400 cm−1, the mid-infrared. A spectrum of all the frequencies of absorption in a sample is recorded. This can be used to gain information about the sample composition in terms of chemical groups present and also its purity (for example, a wet sample will show a broad O-H absorption around 3200 cm−1).

title: Infrared

title: Infrared

text: Infrared

text: vibrational

text: spectroscopy

text: see

text: also

text: near

text: infrared

text: spectroscopy

text: is

text: a

text: technique

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: identify

text: molecules

text: by

text: analysis

text: of

text: their

text: constituent

text: bonds

text: Each

text: chemical

text: bond

text: in

text: a

text: molecule

text: vibrates

text: at

text: a

text: frequency

text: characteristic

text: of

text: that

text: bond

text: A

text: group

text: of

text: atoms

text: in

text: a

text: molecule

text: e.g.

text: may

text: have

text: multiple

text: modes

text: of

text: oscillation

text: caused

text: by

text: the

text: stretching

text: and

text: bending

text: motions

text: of

text: the

text: group

text: as

text: a

text: whole

text: If

text: an

text: oscillation

text: leads

text: to

text: a

text: change

text: in

text: dipole

text: in

text: the

text: molecule

text: then

text: it

text: will

text: absorb

text: a

text: photon

text: that

text: has

text: the

text: same

text: frequency

text: The

text: vibrational

text: frequencies

text: of

text: most

text: molecules

text: correspond

text: to

text: the

text: frequencies

text: of

text: infrared

text: light

text: Typically

text: the

text: technique

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: study

text: organic

text: compounds

text: using

text: light

text: radiation

text: from

text: the

text: mid

text: infrared

text: A

text: spectrum

text: of

text: all

text: the

text: frequencies

text: of

text: absorption

text: in

text: a

text: sample

text: is

text: recorded

text: This

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: gain

text: information

text: about

text: the

text: sample

text: composition

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: chemical

text: groups

text: present

text: and

text: also

text: its

text: purity

text: for

text: example

text: a

text: wet

text: sample

text: will

text: show

text: a

text: broad

text: O

text: H

text: absorption

text: around

question: What is the technique that analyzes the constituent bonds of molecules to identify them?

answer: Infrared vibrational spectroscopy

text: Infrared vibrational spectroscopy

question: What happens to a molecule if an oscillation results in a dipole being changed?

answer: it will absorb a photon that has the same frequency

text: it will absorb a photon that has the same frequency

question: What do the vibrational frequencies of molecules usually correspond to?

answer: the frequencies of infrared light

text: the frequencies of infrared light

question: What is the term for light radiation in the 4000–400 cm−1 spectrum?

answer: the mid-infrared

text: the mid-infrared

question: What technique can be used to identify organic compounds by analysis of their constituent bonds?

text: Infrared vibrational spectroscopy

question: A group of chemical bonds in a molecule may have how many modes of oscillation?

text: multiple

question: What do most vibrations correspond to the frequencies of?

text: infrared light

question: What are multiple modes of oscillation in a spectrum caused by?

question: What is the amount of absorption a group of atoms will show in cm?

text: 3200 cm−1


text: In the aftermath of the failed coup, militias loyal to Patassé sought revenge against rebels in many neighborhoods of Bangui and incited unrest including the murder of many political opponents. Eventually, Patassé came to suspect that General François Bozizé was involved in another coup attempt against him, which led Bozizé to flee with loyal troops to Chad. In March 2003, Bozizé launched a surprise attack against Patassé, who was out of the country. Libyan troops and some 1,000 soldiers of Bemba's Congolese rebel organization failed to stop the rebels and Bozizé's forces succeeded in overthrowing Patassé.[citation needed]

title: Central_African_Republic

title: Central_African_Republic

text: In

text: the

text: aftermath

text: of

text: the

text: failed

text: coup

text: militias

text: loyal

text: to

text: Patassé

text: sought

text: revenge

text: against

text: rebels

text: in

text: many

text: neighborhoods

text: of

text: Bangui

text: and

text: incited

text: unrest

text: including

text: the

text: murder

text: of

text: many

text: political

text: opponents

text: Eventually

text: Patassé

text: came

text: to

text: suspect

text: that

text: General

text: François

text: Bozizé

text: was

text: involved

text: in

text: another

text: coup

text: attempt

text: against

text: him

text: which

text: led

text: Bozizé

text: to

text: flee

text: with

text: loyal

text: troops

text: to

text: Chad

text: In

text: March

text: Bozizé

text: launched

text: a

text: surprise

text: attack

text: against

text: Patassé

text: who

text: was

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: Libyan

text: troops

text: and

text: some

text: soldiers

text: of

text: Bemba

text: 's

text: Congolese

text: rebel

text: organization

text: failed

text: to

text: stop

text: the

text: rebels

text: and

text: Bozizé

text: 's

text: forces

text: succeeded

text: in

text: overthrowing

text: Patassé.[citation

text: needed

question: The failed coup caused what effects?

answer: murder of many political opponents

text: murder of many political opponents

question: Which General was involved in another coup?

answer: General François Bozizé

text: General François Bozizé

question: Where did General Bozize flee to escape?

answer: Chad

text: Chad

question: When did Bozize finally attempt his coup?

answer: March 2003

text: March 2003

question: Who succeeded in finally overthrowing Patasse?

answer: Bozizé's forces

text: Bozizé's forces

question: After the surprise attack what did Libyan troops do in Bangui neighborhoods?

text: sought revenge against rebels

question: Where did Patasse flee with his troops to?

text: Chad

question: What action did Libyan troops take against Patasse when he was out of the country?

text: launched a surprise attack

question: Who was finally overthrown by troops from Chad?

text: Patassé

question: Who were murdered as a result of Bemba fleeing to Chad?

text: political opponents


text: Caesar became consul in 59 BC. His colleague, Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus, was an extreme aristocrat. Caesar submitted the laws that he had promised Pompey to the assemblies. Bibulus attempted to obstruct the enactment of these laws, and so Caesar used violent means to ensure their passage. Caesar was then made governor of three provinces. He facilitated the election of the former patrician Publius Clodius Pulcher to the tribunate for 58 BC. Clodius set about depriving Caesar's senatorial enemies of two of their more obstinate leaders in Cato and Cicero. Clodius was a bitter opponent of Cicero because Cicero had testified against him in a sacrilege case. Clodius attempted to try Cicero for executing citizens without a trial during the Catiline conspiracy, resulting in Cicero going into self-imposed exile and his house in Rome being burnt down. Clodius also passed a bill that forced Cato to lead the invasion of Cyprus which would keep him away from Rome for some years. Clodius also passed a law to expand the previous partial grain subsidy to a fully free grain dole for citizens.

title: Roman_Republic

title: Roman_Republic

text: Caesar

text: became

text: consul

text: in

text: BC

text: His

text: colleague

text: Marcus

text: Calpurnius

text: Bibulus

text: was

text: an

text: extreme

text: aristocrat

text: Caesar

text: submitted

text: the

text: laws

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: promised

text: Pompey

text: to

text: the

text: assemblies

text: Bibulus

text: attempted

text: to

text: obstruct

text: the

text: enactment

text: of

text: these

text: laws

text: and

text: so

text: Caesar

text: used

text: violent

text: means

text: to

text: ensure

text: their

text: passage

text: Caesar

text: was

text: then

text: made

text: governor

text: of

text: three

text: provinces

text: He

text: facilitated

text: the

text: election

text: of

text: the

text: former

text: patrician

text: Publius

text: Clodius

text: Pulcher

text: to

text: the

text: tribunate

text: for

text: BC

text: Clodius

text: set

text: about

text: depriving

text: Caesar

text: 's

text: senatorial

text: enemies

text: of

text: two

text: of

text: their

text: more

text: obstinate

text: leaders

text: in

text: Cato

text: and

text: Cicero

text: Clodius

text: was

text: a

text: bitter

text: opponent

text: of

text: Cicero

text: because

text: Cicero

text: had

text: testified

text: against

text: him

text: in

text: a

text: sacrilege

text: case

text: Clodius

text: attempted

text: to

text: try

text: Cicero

text: for

text: executing

text: citizens

text: without

text: a

text: trial

text: during

text: the

text: Catiline

text: conspiracy

text: resulting

text: in

text: Cicero

text: going

text: into

text: self

text: imposed

text: exile

text: and

text: his

text: house

text: in

text: Rome

text: being

text: burnt

text: down

text: Clodius

text: also

text: passed

text: a

text: bill

text: that

text: forced

text: Cato

text: to

text: lead

text: the

text: invasion

text: of

text: Cyprus

text: which

text: would

text: keep

text: him

text: away

text: from

text: Rome

text: for

text: some

text: years

text: Clodius

text: also

text: passed

text: a

text: law

text: to

text: expand

text: the

text: previous

text: partial

text: grain

text: subsidy

text: to

text: a

text: fully

text: free

text: grain

text: dole

text: for

text: citizens

question: Who had tried to prevent the enactment of the laws that Caesar had proposed?

answer: Bibulus

text: Bibulus

question: What type of case saw Cicero testify against Clodius?

answer: sacrilege case

text: sacrilege case

question: Who enacted a law that would increase the partial grain subsidy?

answer: Clodius

text: Clodius

question: Which individual lost his home to a fire?

answer: Cicero

text: Cicero

question: Who was elected to the tribunate in 58 BC?

answer: Publius Clodius Pulcher

text: Publius Clodius Pulcher


text: New Delhi is a cosmopolitan city due to the multi-ethnic and multi-cultural presence of the vast Indian bureaucracy and political system. The city's capital status has amplified the importance of national events and holidays. National events such as Republic Day, Independence Day and Gandhi Jayanti (Gandhi's birthday) are celebrated with great enthusiasm in New Delhi and the rest of India. On India's Independence Day (15 August) the Prime Minister of India addresses the nation from the Red Fort. Most Delhiites celebrate the day by flying kites, which are considered a symbol of freedom. The Republic Day Parade is a large cultural and military parade showcasing India's cultural diversity and military might.

title: New_Delhi

title: New_Delhi

text: New

text: Delhi

text: is

text: a

text: cosmopolitan

text: city

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: multi

text: ethnic

text: and

text: multi

text: cultural

text: presence

text: of

text: the

text: vast

text: Indian

text: bureaucracy

text: and

text: political

text: system

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: capital

text: status

text: has

text: amplified

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: national

text: events

text: and

text: holidays

text: National

text: events

text: such

text: as

text: Republic

text: Day

text: Independence

text: Day

text: and

text: Gandhi

text: Jayanti

text: Gandhi

text: 's

text: birthday

text: are

text: celebrated

text: with

text: great

text: enthusiasm

text: in

text: New

text: Delhi

text: and

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: India

text: On

text: India

text: 's

text: Independence

text: Day

text: August

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: India

text: addresses

text: the

text: nation

text: from

text: the

text: Red

text: Fort

text: Most

text: Delhiites

text: celebrate

text: the

text: day

text: by

text: flying

text: kites

text: which

text: are

text: considered

text: a

text: symbol

text: of

text: freedom

text: The

text: Republic

text: Day

text: Parade

text: is

text: a

text: large

text: cultural

text: and

text: military

text: parade

text: showcasing

text: India

text: 's

text: cultural

text: diversity

text: and

text: military

text: might

question: What is the name of the holiday celebrated in India that occurs on Gandhi's Birthday?

answer: Gandhi Jayanti

text: Gandhi Jayanti

question: What is the date of India's Independence Day?

answer: 15 August

text: 15 August

question: On Indian Independence Day, the Prime Minister addresses the nation from what location?

answer: the Red Fort

text: the Red Fort

question: On Indian Independence Day, kites are flown by citizens which symbolize what concept?

answer: freedom

text: freedom

question: What New Delhi celebration showcases India's cultural diversity and military power?

answer: Republic Day Parade

text: Republic Day Parade


text: In the Miocene Epoch the mountains underwent severe erosion because of glaciation, which was noted in the mid-19th century by naturalist Louis Agassiz who presented a paper proclaiming the Alps were covered in ice at various intervals—a theory he formed when studying rocks near his Neuchâtel home which he believed originated to the west in the Bernese Oberland. Because of his work he came to be known as the "father of the ice-age concept" although other naturalists before him put forth similar ideas.

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: In

text: the

text: Miocene

text: Epoch

text: the

text: mountains

text: underwent

text: severe

text: erosion

text: because

text: of

text: glaciation

text: which

text: was

text: noted

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: by

text: naturalist

text: Louis

text: Agassiz

text: who

text: presented

text: a

text: paper

text: proclaiming

text: the

text: Alps

text: were

text: covered

text: in

text: ice

text: at

text: various

text: intervals

text: a

text: theory

text: he

text: formed

text: when

text: studying

text: rocks

text: near

text: his

text: Neuchâtel

text: home

text: which

text: he

text: believed

text: originated

text: to

text: the

text: west

text: in

text: the

text: Bernese

text: Oberland

text: Because

text: of

text: his

text: work

text: he

text: came

text: to

text: be

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: father

text: of

text: the

text: ice

text: age

text: concept

text: although

text: other

text: naturalists

text: before

text: him

text: put

text: forth

text: similar

text: ideas

question: Where did the mountains undergo serve erosion?

answer: Miocene Epoch

text: Miocene Epoch

question: What was the cause of the severe erosion?

answer: glaciation

text: glaciation

question: Who noted the severe erosion of the mountains?

answer: Louis Agassiz

text: Louis Agassiz

question: What was Louis Agassiz also known as?

answer: the "father of the ice-age concept"

text: the "father of the ice-age concept"