text: In 680 Ibn al-Zubayr fled Medina for Mecca. Hearing about Husayn's opposition to Yazid I, the people of Kufa sent to Husayn asking him to take over with their support. Al-Husayn sent his cousin Muslim bin Agail to verify if they would rally behind him. When the news reached Yazid I, he sent Ubayd-Allah bin Ziyad, ruler of Basrah, with the instruction to prevent the people of Kufa rallying behind Al-Husayn. Ubayd-Allah bin Ziyad managed to disperse the crowd that gathered around Muslim bin Agail and captured him. Realizing Ubayd-Allah bin Ziyad had been instructed to prevent Husayn from establishing support in Kufa, Muslim bin Agail requested a message to be sent to Husayn to prevent his immigration to Kufa. The request was denied and Ubayd-Allah bin Ziyad killed Muslim bin Agail. While Ibn al-Zubayr would stay in Mecca until his death, Husayn decided to travel on to Kufa with his family, unaware of the lack of support there. Husayn and his family were intercepted by Yazid I's forces led by Amru bin Saad, Shamar bin Thi Al-Joshan, and Hussain bin Tamim, who fought Al-Husayn and his male family members until they were killed. There were 200 people in Husayn's caravan, many of whom were women, including his sisters, wives, daughters and their children. The women and children from Husayn's camp were taken as prisoners of war and led back to Damascus to be presented to Yazid I. They remained imprisoned until public opinion turned against him as word of Husayn's death and his family's capture spread. They were then granted passage back to Medina. The sole adult male survivor from the caravan was Ali ibn Husayn who was with fever too ill to fight when the caravan was attacked.

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

text: In

text: Ibn

text: al

text: Zubayr

text: fled

text: Medina

text: for

text: Mecca

text: Hearing

text: about

text: Husayn

text: 's

text: opposition

text: to

text: Yazid

text: I

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: Kufa

text: sent

text: to

text: Husayn

text: asking

text: him

text: to

text: take

text: over

text: with

text: their

text: support

text: Al

text: Husayn

text: sent

text: his

text: cousin

text: Muslim

text: bin

text: Agail

text: to

text: verify

text: if

text: they

text: would

text: rally

text: behind

text: him

text: When

text: the

text: news

text: reached

text: Yazid

text: I

text: he

text: sent

text: Ubayd

text: Allah

text: bin

text: Ziyad

text: ruler

text: of

text: Basrah

text: with

text: the

text: instruction

text: to

text: prevent

text: the

text: people

text: of

text: Kufa

text: rallying

text: behind

text: Al

text: Husayn

text: Ubayd

text: Allah

text: bin

text: Ziyad

text: managed

text: to

text: disperse

text: the

text: crowd

text: that

text: gathered

text: around

text: Muslim

text: bin

text: Agail

text: and

text: captured

text: him

text: Realizing

text: Ubayd

text: Allah

text: bin

text: Ziyad

text: had

text: been

text: instructed

text: to

text: prevent

text: Husayn

text: from

text: establishing

text: support

text: in

text: Kufa

text: Muslim

text: bin

text: Agail

text: requested

text: a

text: message

text: to

text: be

text: sent

text: to

text: Husayn

text: to

text: prevent

text: his

text: immigration

text: to

text: Kufa

text: The

text: request

text: was

text: denied

text: and

text: Ubayd

text: Allah

text: bin

text: Ziyad

text: killed

text: Muslim

text: bin

text: Agail

text: While

text: Ibn

text: al

text: Zubayr

text: would

text: stay

text: in

text: Mecca

text: until

text: his

text: death

text: Husayn

text: decided

text: to

text: travel

text: on

text: to

text: Kufa

text: with

text: his

text: family

text: unaware

text: of

text: the

text: lack

text: of

text: support

text: there

text: Husayn

text: and

text: his

text: family

text: were

text: intercepted

text: by

text: Yazid

text: I

text: 's

text: forces

text: led

text: by

text: Amru

text: bin

text: Saad

text: Shamar

text: bin

text: Thi

text: Al

text: Joshan

text: and

text: Hussain

text: bin

text: Tamim

text: who

text: fought

text: Al

text: Husayn

text: and

text: his

text: male

text: family

text: members

text: until

text: they

text: were

text: killed

text: There

text: were

text: people

text: in

text: Husayn

text: 's

text: caravan

text: many

text: of

text: whom

text: were

text: women

text: including

text: his

text: sisters

text: wives

text: daughters

text: and

text: their

text: children

text: The

text: women

text: and

text: children

text: from

text: Husayn

text: 's

text: camp

text: were

text: taken

text: as

text: prisoners

text: of

text: war

text: and

text: led

text: back

text: to

text: Damascus

text: to

text: be

text: presented

text: to

text: Yazid

text: I.

text: They

text: remained

text: imprisoned

text: until

text: public

text: opinion

text: turned

text: against

text: him

text: as

text: word

text: of

text: Husayn

text: 's

text: death

text: and

text: his

text: family

text: 's

text: capture

text: spread

text: They

text: were

text: then

text: granted

text: passage

text: back

text: to

text: Medina

text: The

text: sole

text: adult

text: male

text: survivor

text: from

text: the

text: caravan

text: was

text: Ali

text: ibn

text: Husayn

text: who

text: was

text: with

text: fever

text: too

text: ill

text: to

text: fight

text: when

text: the

text: caravan

text: was

text: attacked

question: Where did Ibn al-Zubayr flee to in 680?

answer: Mecca

text: Mecca

question: Who did Al-Husayn send to Kufa?

answer: Muslim bin Agail

text: Muslim bin Agail

question: What did Ubayd-Allah bin Ziyad rule?

answer: Basrah

text: Basrah

question: Who did Ubayd-Allah bin Ziyad murder?

answer: Muslim bin Agail

text: Muslim bin Agail

question: When did Ibn al-Zubayr flee Mecca for Medina?

question: Who was the sole female survivor of the caravan?

text: Ali ibn Husayn

question: Who was not able to disperse the crowd that had gathered?

text: Ubayd-Allah bin Ziyad

question: Who requested a message be sent to Ubayd-Allah bin Ziyad to prevent his immigration to Kufa?

text: Muslim bin Agail

question: Who led Husayn's forces?

text: Amru bin Saad


text: Utrecht hosts several large institutions of higher education. The most prominent of these is Utrecht University (est. 1636), the largest university of the Netherlands with 30,449 students (as of 2012). The university is partially based in the inner city as well as in the Uithof campus area, to the east of the city. According to Shanghai Jiaotong University's university ranking in 2014 it is the 57th best university in the world. Utrecht also houses the much smaller University of Humanistic Studies, which houses about 400 students.

title: Utrecht

title: Utrecht

text: Utrecht

text: hosts

text: several

text: large

text: institutions

text: of

text: higher

text: education

text: The

text: most

text: prominent

text: of

text: these

text: is

text: Utrecht

text: University

text: est

text: the

text: largest

text: university

text: of

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: with

text: students

text: as

text: of

text: The

text: university

text: is

text: partially

text: based

text: in

text: the

text: inner

text: city

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: Uithof

text: campus

text: area

text: to

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: According

text: to

text: Shanghai

text: Jiaotong

text: University

text: 's

text: university

text: ranking

text: in

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: best

text: university

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Utrecht

text: also

text: houses

text: the

text: much

text: smaller

text: University

text: of

text: Humanistic

text: Studies

text: which

text: houses

text: about

text: students

question: What is the largest University in the city

answer: The most prominent of these is Utrecht University (est. 1636), the largest university of the Netherlands with 30,449 students

text: The most prominent of these is Utrecht University (est. 1636), the largest university of the Netherlands with 30,449 students

question: what is shanghai jiaotong rated

answer: According to Shanghai Jiaotong University's university ranking in 2014 it is the 57th best university in the world

text: According to Shanghai Jiaotong University's university ranking in 2014 it is the 57th best university in the world

question: What smaller university is in Utrecht

answer: Utrecht also houses the much smaller University of Humanistic Studies, which houses about 400 students.

text: Utrecht also houses the much smaller University of Humanistic Studies, which houses about 400 students.

question: What university was established in the 16th century?

text: Utrecht University

question: What is the largest University in Europe?

text: Utrecht University

question: How many university students were in the Netherlands in 2012?

question: What was Shanghai Jiaotong University ranked in 2014?

text: 57th best university in the world


text: Burke knew that many members of the Whig Party did not share Fox's views and he wanted to provoke them into condemning the French Revolution. Burke wrote that he wanted to represent the whole Whig party "as tolerating, and by a toleration, countenancing those proceedings" so that he could "stimulate them to a public declaration of what every one of their acquaintance privately knows to be...their sentiments". Therefore, on 3 August 1791 Burke published his Appeal from the New to the Old Whigs, in which he renewed his criticism of the radical revolutionary programmes inspired by the French Revolution and attacked the Whigs who supported them, as holding principles contrary to those traditionally held by the Whig party.

title: Edmund_Burke

title: Edmund_Burke

text: Burke

text: knew

text: that

text: many

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Whig

text: Party

text: did

text: not

text: share

text: Fox

text: 's

text: views

text: and

text: he

text: wanted

text: to

text: provoke

text: them

text: into

text: condemning

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: Burke

text: wrote

text: that

text: he

text: wanted

text: to

text: represent

text: the

text: whole

text: Whig

text: party

text: as

text: tolerating

text: and

text: by

text: a

text: toleration

text: countenancing

text: those

text: proceedings

text: so

text: that

text: he

text: could

text: stimulate

text: them

text: to

text: a

text: public

text: declaration

text: of

text: what

text: every

text: one

text: of

text: their

text: acquaintance

text: privately

text: knows

text: to

text: be

text: their

text: sentiments

text: Therefore

text: on

text: August

text: Burke

text: published

text: his

text: Appeal

text: from

text: the

text: New

text: to

text: the

text: Old

text: Whigs

text: in

text: which

text: he

text: renewed

text: his

text: criticism

text: of

text: the

text: radical

text: revolutionary

text: programmes

text: inspired

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

text: and

text: attacked

text: the

text: Whigs

text: who

text: supported

text: them

text: as

text: holding

text: principles

text: contrary

text: to

text: those

text: traditionally

text: held

text: by

text: the

text: Whig

text: party

question: What did Burke want the Whigs to condemn?

answer: the French Revolution

text: the French Revolution

question: What did Burke publish on Aug 3, 1791?

answer: Appeal from the New to the Old Whigs

text: Appeal from the New to the Old Whigs

question: Burke thought the French Revolution was against whose principles?

answer: the Whig party

text: the Whig party

question: Burke attacked Whigs who supported what?

answer: the French Revolution

text: the French Revolution

question: What did the Whig party want Burke to condemn?

text: the French Revolution

question: What pamphlet did Fox publish in 3 August 1791?

text: Appeal from the New to the Old Whigs

question: When did Burke write that he wanted to represent the whole party?

text: 3 August 1791

question: What party did the French Revolution condemn?

text: the Whig Party

question: Burke believe most party member agreed with which opponent?

text: Fox


text: Rurik led the Rus' until his death in about 879, bequeathing his kingdom to his kinsman, Prince Oleg, as regent for his young son, Igor. In 880-82, Oleg led a military force south along the Dnieper river, capturing Smolensk and Lyubech before reaching Kiev, where he deposed and killed Askold and Dir, proclaimed himself prince, and declared Kiev the "mother of Rus' cities." Oleg set about consolidating his power over the surrounding region and the riverways north to Novgorod, imposing tribute on the East Slav tribes. In 883, he conquered the Drevlians, imposing a fur tribute on them. By 885 he had subjugated the Poliane, Severiane, Vyatichi, and Radimichs, forbidding them to pay further tribute to the Khazars. Oleg continued to develop and expand a network of Rus' forts in Slav lands, begun by Rurik in the north.

title: Kievan_Rus%27

title: Kievan_Rus%27

text: Rurik

text: led

text: the

text: Rus

text: until

text: his

text: death

text: in

text: about

text: bequeathing

text: his

text: kingdom

text: to

text: his

text: kinsman

text: Prince

text: Oleg

text: as

text: regent

text: for

text: his

text: young

text: son

text: Igor

text: In

text: Oleg

text: led

text: a

text: military

text: force

text: south

text: along

text: the

text: Dnieper

text: river

text: capturing

text: Smolensk

text: and

text: Lyubech

text: before

text: reaching

text: Kiev

text: where

text: he

text: deposed

text: and

text: killed

text: Askold

text: and

text: Dir

text: proclaimed

text: himself

text: prince

text: and

text: declared

text: Kiev

text: the

text: mother

text: of

text: Rus

text: cities

text: Oleg

text: set

text: about

text: consolidating

text: his

text: power

text: over

text: the

text: surrounding

text: region

text: and

text: the

text: riverways

text: north

text: to

text: Novgorod

text: imposing

text: tribute

text: on

text: the

text: East

text: Slav

text: tribes

text: In

text: he

text: conquered

text: the

text: Drevlians

text: imposing

text: a

text: fur

text: tribute

text: on

text: them

text: By

text: he

text: had

text: subjugated

text: the

text: Poliane

text: Severiane

text: Vyatichi

text: and

text: Radimichs

text: forbidding

text: them

text: to

text: pay

text: further

text: tribute

text: to

text: the

text: Khazars

text: Oleg

text: continued

text: to

text: develop

text: and

text: expand

text: a

text: network

text: of

text: Rus

text: forts

text: in

text: Slav

text: lands

text: begun

text: by

text: Rurik

text: in

text: the

text: north

question: When did Ruik past away?

answer: 879

question: When Rurik past away, who took over?

answer: Prince Oleg

text: Prince Oleg

question: Who declared Kiev "The mother of Rus citis'?

answer: Prince Oleg

text: Prince Oleg

question: What year did Oleg conquer the Drevlians?

answer: 883

question: Who died in the 800's?

text: Rurik

question: Who killed Rrik and claimed his kingdom?

text: Prince Oleg

question: Who wrote that Kiev was "The mother of Rus cities"?

text: Prince Oleg

question: Who did Oleg conquer in the 800's?

text: Drevlians

question: Who peaceably asked the Drevlians for a fur tribute?

text: Oleg


text: In 1993, the city passed a massive redevelopment package known as the Metropolitan Area Projects (MAPS), intended to rebuild the city's core with civic projects to establish more activities and life to downtown. The city added a new baseball park; central library; renovations to the civic center, convention center and fairgrounds; and a water canal in the Bricktown entertainment district. Water taxis transport passengers within the district, adding color and activity along the canal. MAPS has become one of the most successful public-private partnerships undertaken in the U.S., exceeding $3 billion in private investment as of 2010. As a result of MAPS, the population living in downtown housing has exponentially increased, together with demand for additional residential and retail amenities, such as grocery, services, and shops.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: In

text: the

text: city

text: passed

text: a

text: massive

text: redevelopment

text: package

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Metropolitan

text: Area

text: Projects

text: MAPS

text: intended

text: to

text: rebuild

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: core

text: with

text: civic

text: projects

text: to

text: establish

text: more

text: activities

text: and

text: life

text: to

text: downtown

text: The

text: city

text: added

text: a

text: new

text: baseball

text: park

text: central

text: library

text: renovations

text: to

text: the

text: civic

text: center

text: convention

text: center

text: and

text: fairgrounds

text: and

text: a

text: water

text: canal

text: in

text: the

text: Bricktown

text: entertainment

text: district

text: Water

text: taxis

text: transport

text: passengers

text: within

text: the

text: district

text: adding

text: color

text: and

text: activity

text: along

text: the

text: canal

text: MAPS

text: has

text: become

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: successful

text: public

text: private

text: partnerships

text: undertaken

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: exceeding

text: billion

text: in

text: private

text: investment

text: as

text: of

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: MAPS

text: the

text: population

text: living

text: in

text: downtown

text: housing

text: has

text: exponentially

text: increased

text: together

text: with

text: demand

text: for

text: additional

text: residential

text: and

text: retail

text: amenities

text: such

text: as

text: grocery

text: services

text: and

text: shops

question: What was the name of the redevelopment passage that was passed in 1993?

answer: Metropolitan Area Projects

text: Metropolitan Area Projects

question: What is one thing that was added in this project?

answer: baseball park

text: baseball park

question: How much money was invested in MAPS by 2010?

answer: $3 billion

text: $3 billion


text: Two other major parks in the city along the river are Byrd Park and Maymont, located near the Fan District. Byrd Park features a one-mile (1.6 km) running track, with exercise stops, a public dog park, and a number of small lakes for small boats, as well as two monuments, Buddha house, and an amphitheatre. Prominently featured in the park is the World War I Memorial Carillon, built in 1926 as a memorial to those that died in the war. Maymont, located adjacent to Byrd Park, is a 100-acre (40 ha) Victorian estate with a museum, formal gardens, native wildlife exhibits, nature center, carriage collection, and children's farm. Other parks in the city include Joseph Bryan Park Azalea Garden, Forest Hill Park (former site of the Forest Hill Amusement Park), Chimborazo Park (site of the National Battlefield Headquarters), among others.

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: Two

text: other

text: major

text: parks

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: along

text: the

text: river

text: are

text: Byrd

text: Park

text: and

text: Maymont

text: located

text: near

text: the

text: Fan

text: District

text: Byrd

text: Park

text: features

text: a

text: one

text: mile

text: km

text: running

text: track

text: with

text: exercise

text: stops

text: a

text: public

text: dog

text: park

text: and

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: small

text: lakes

text: for

text: small

text: boats

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: two

text: monuments

text: Buddha

text: house

text: and

text: an

text: amphitheatre

text: Prominently

text: featured

text: in

text: the

text: park

text: is

text: the

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: Memorial

text: Carillon

text: built

text: in

text: as

text: a

text: memorial

text: to

text: those

text: that

text: died

text: in

text: the

text: war

text: Maymont

text: located

text: adjacent

text: to

text: Byrd

text: Park

text: is

text: a

text: ha

text: Victorian

text: estate

text: with

text: a

text: museum

text: formal

text: gardens

text: native

text: wildlife

text: exhibits

text: nature

text: center

text: carriage

text: collection

text: and

text: children

text: 's

text: farm

text: Other

text: parks

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: include

text: Joseph

text: Bryan

text: Park

text: Azalea

text: Garden

text: Forest

text: Hill

text: Park

text: former

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: Forest

text: Hill

text: Amusement

text: Park

text: Chimborazo

text: Park

text: site

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Battlefield

text: Headquarters

text: among

text: others

question: What part of Richmond is Maymont close to?

answer: Fan District

text: Fan District

question: How many kilometers long is the track in Byrd Park?

answer: 1.6

question: How many monuments can be found in Byrd Park?

answer: two

text: two

question: In what year was the World War I Memorial Carillon constructed?

answer: 1926

question: What was previously located at the present location of Forest Hill Park?

answer: Forest Hill Amusement Park

text: Forest Hill Amusement Park


text: Both Rousseau and Locke's social contract theories rest on the presupposition of natural rights, which are not a result of law or custom, but are things that all men have in pre-political societies, and are therefore universal and inalienable. The most famous natural right formulation comes from John Locke in his Second Treatise, when he introduces the state of nature. For Locke the law of nature is grounded on mutual security, or the idea that one cannot infringe on another's natural rights, as every man is equal and has the same inalienable rights. These natural rights include perfect equality and freedom, and the right to preserve life and property. Locke also argued against slavery on the basis that enslaving yourself goes against the law of nature; you cannot surrender your own rights, your freedom is absolute and no one can take it from you. Additionally, Locke argues that one person cannot enslave another because it is morally reprehensible, although he introduces a caveat by saying that enslavement of a lawful captive in time of war would not go against one's natural rights.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: Both

text: Rousseau

text: and

text: Locke

text: 's

text: social

text: contract

text: theories

text: rest

text: on

text: the

text: presupposition

text: of

text: natural

text: rights

text: which

text: are

text: not

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: law

text: or

text: custom

text: but

text: are

text: things

text: that

text: all

text: men

text: have

text: in

text: pre

text: political

text: societies

text: and

text: are

text: therefore

text: universal

text: and

text: inalienable

text: The

text: most

text: famous

text: natural

text: right

text: formulation

text: comes

text: from

text: John

text: Locke

text: in

text: his

text: Second

text: Treatise

text: when

text: he

text: introduces

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: nature

text: For

text: Locke

text: the

text: law

text: of

text: nature

text: is

text: grounded

text: on

text: mutual

text: security

text: or

text: the

text: idea

text: that

text: one

text: can

text: not

text: infringe

text: on

text: another

text: 's

text: natural

text: rights

text: as

text: every

text: man

text: is

text: equal

text: and

text: has

text: the

text: same

text: inalienable

text: rights

text: These

text: natural

text: rights

text: include

text: perfect

text: equality

text: and

text: freedom

text: and

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: preserve

text: life

text: and

text: property

text: Locke

text: also

text: argued

text: against

text: slavery

text: on

text: the

text: basis

text: that

text: enslaving

text: yourself

text: goes

text: against

text: the

text: law

text: of

text: nature

text: you

text: can

text: not

text: surrender

text: your

text: own

text: rights

text: your

text: freedom

text: is

text: absolute

text: and

text: no

text: one

text: can

text: take

text: it

text: from

text: you

text: Additionally

text: Locke

text: argues

text: that

text: one

text: person

text: can

text: not

text: enslave

text: another

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: morally

text: reprehensible

text: although

text: he

text: introduces

text: a

text: caveat

text: by

text: saying

text: that

text: enslavement

text: of

text: a

text: lawful

text: captive

text: in

text: time

text: of

text: war

text: would

text: not

text: go

text: against

text: one

text: 's

text: natural

text: rights

question: How does John Locke define mutual security?

answer: the idea that one cannot infringe on another's natural rights

text: the idea that one cannot infringe on another's natural rights

question: What do Locke's idea of natural rights include?

answer: perfect equality and freedom, and the right to preserve life and property

text: perfect equality and freedom, and the right to preserve life and property

question: Why did John Locke believe that one person cannot enslave another?

answer: because it is morally reprehensible

text: because it is morally reprehensible

question: What was John Locke's one exception to denouncing slavery?

answer: enslavement of a lawful captive in time of war would not go against one's natural rights

text: enslavement of a lawful captive in time of war would not go against one's natural rights

question: In which of John Locke's works are natural rights most famously defined and discussed?

answer: Second Treatise

text: Second Treatise


text: The elimination of wolves from Yellowstone National Park had profound impacts on the trophic pyramid. Without predation, herbivores began to over-graze many woody browse species, affecting the area's plant populations. In addition, wolves often kept animals from grazing in riparian areas, which protected beavers from having their food sources encroached upon. The removal of wolves had a direct effect on beaver populations, as their habitat became territory for grazing. Furthermore, predation keeps hydrological features such as creeks and streams in normal working order. Increased browsing on willows and conifers along Blacktail Creek due to a lack of predation caused channel incision because they helped slow the water down and hold the soil in place.

title: Predation

title: Predation

text: The

text: elimination

text: of

text: wolves

text: from

text: Yellowstone

text: National

text: Park

text: had

text: profound

text: impacts

text: on

text: the

text: trophic

text: pyramid

text: Without

text: predation

text: herbivores

text: began

text: to

text: over

text: graze

text: many

text: woody

text: browse

text: species

text: affecting

text: the

text: area

text: 's

text: plant

text: populations

text: In

text: addition

text: wolves

text: often

text: kept

text: animals

text: from

text: grazing

text: in

text: riparian

text: areas

text: which

text: protected

text: beavers

text: from

text: having

text: their

text: food

text: sources

text: encroached

text: upon

text: The

text: removal

text: of

text: wolves

text: had

text: a

text: direct

text: effect

text: on

text: beaver

text: populations

text: as

text: their

text: habitat

text: became

text: territory

text: for

text: grazing

text: Furthermore

text: predation

text: keeps

text: hydrological

text: features

text: such

text: as

text: creeks

text: and

text: streams

text: in

text: normal

text: working

text: order

text: Increased

text: browsing

text: on

text: willows

text: and

text: conifers

text: along

text: Blacktail

text: Creek

text: due

text: to

text: a

text: lack

text: of

text: predation

text: caused

text: channel

text: incision

text: because

text: they

text: helped

text: slow

text: the

text: water

text: down

text: and

text: hold

text: the

text: soil

text: in

text: place

question: What animal's food sources were greatly affected with the loss of wolves in Yellowstone National Park?

answer: beavers

text: beavers

question: Broader ecological impacts can occur when an apex predator is removed, in the case of Yellowstone, this includes alteration to the?

answer: hydrological features

text: hydrological features

question: Loose soil from lack of trees along the river bed resulted in?

answer: channel incision

text: channel incision

question: The removal of what animal from Yellowstonw National Park affected beaver populations?

answer: wolves

text: wolves

question: How did the removal of wolves from Yellowstone affect beaver habitats?

answer: habitat became territory for grazing.

text: habitat became territory for grazing.

question: Why were plant populations affected after wolves were eliminated from Yellowstone?

answer: Without predation, herbivores began to over-graze many woody browse species

text: Without predation, herbivores began to over-graze many woody browse species

question: How did wolves in Yellowstone help beavers eat well?

answer: wolves often kept animals from grazing in riparian areas, which protected beavers from having their food sources encroached upon

text: wolves often kept animals from grazing in riparian areas, which protected beavers from having their food sources encroached upon

question: What changes happened when herbivores were eliminated in Yellowstone?

question: Where did beavers keep animals from grazing?

text: in riparian areas

question: What animals were protected when herbivores were in Yellowstone?

text: beavers

question: What group was directly affected when herbivores were removed from the park?

text: beaver populations

question: What natural features work better when herbivores are present?

text: creeks and streams


text: The success of the Counter-Reformation on the Continent and the growth of a Puritan party dedicated to further Protestant reform polarised the Elizabethan Age. The early Puritan movement was a movement for reform in the Church of England. The desire was for the Church of England to resemble more closely the Protestant churches of Europe, especially Geneva. The later Puritan movement, often referred to as dissenters and nonconformists, eventually led to the formation of various Reformed denominations.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: The

text: success

text: of

text: the

text: Counter

text: Reformation

text: on

text: the

text: Continent

text: and

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: a

text: Puritan

text: party

text: dedicated

text: to

text: further

text: Protestant

text: reform

text: polarised

text: the

text: Elizabethan

text: Age

text: The

text: early

text: Puritan

text: movement

text: was

text: a

text: movement

text: for

text: reform

text: in

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: England

text: The

text: desire

text: was

text: for

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: England

text: to

text: resemble

text: more

text: closely

text: the

text: Protestant

text: churches

text: of

text: Europe

text: especially

text: Geneva

text: The

text: later

text: Puritan

text: movement

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: dissenters

text: and

text: nonconformists

text: eventually

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: various

text: Reformed

text: denominations

question: The growth of Puritanism happened during what age?

answer: the Elizabethan Age

text: the Elizabethan Age

question: The Puritan movement worked on reforming what church?

answer: the Church of England

text: the Church of England

question: What did the Puritans want the Church of England to emulate?

answer: the Protestant churches of Europe

text: the Protestant churches of Europe

question: What was another name for the later Puritan movement?

answer: dissenters and nonconformists

text: dissenters and nonconformists

question: What did the later Puritan movement create?

answer: various Reformed denominations

text: various Reformed denominations


text: In the 1980s, parents of mixed-race children began to organize and lobby for the addition of a more inclusive term of racial designation that would reflect the heritage of their children. When the U.S. government proposed the addition of the category of "bi-racial" or "multiracial" in 1988, the response from the public was mostly negative. Some African-American organizations, and African-American political leaders, such as Congresswoman Diane Watson and Congressman Augustus Hawkins, were particularly vocal in their rejection of the category, as they feared the loss of political and economic power if African Americans reduced their numbers by self-identification.

title: Multiracial_American

title: Multiracial_American

text: In

text: the

text: parents

text: of

text: mixed

text: race

text: children

text: began

text: to

text: organize

text: and

text: lobby

text: for

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: a

text: more

text: inclusive

text: term

text: of

text: racial

text: designation

text: that

text: would

text: reflect

text: the

text: heritage

text: of

text: their

text: children

text: When

text: the

text: U.S.

text: government

text: proposed

text: the

text: addition

text: of

text: the

text: category

text: of

text: bi

text: racial

text: or

text: multiracial

text: in

text: the

text: response

text: from

text: the

text: public

text: was

text: mostly

text: negative

text: Some

text: African

text: American

text: organizations

text: and

text: African

text: American

text: political

text: leaders

text: such

text: as

text: Congresswoman

text: Diane

text: Watson

text: and

text: Congressman

text: Augustus

text: Hawkins

text: were

text: particularly

text: vocal

text: in

text: their

text: rejection

text: of

text: the

text: category

text: as

text: they

text: feared

text: the

text: loss

text: of

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: power

text: if

text: African

text: Americans

text: reduced

text: their

text: numbers

text: by

text: self

text: identification

question: When did multiracial people start to organize for more inclusive racial identifiers?

answer: In the 1980s

text: In the 1980s

question: What was the response to the idea of identifying people as biracial or multiracial?

answer: mostly negative

text: mostly negative

question: What could have cause loss of power via the use of the term biracial and multiracial?

answer: if African Americans reduced their numbers by self-identification

text: if African Americans reduced their numbers by self-identification

question: Who are some of the opponents of biracial and multiracial as identifiers?

answer: Congresswoman Diane Watson and Congressman Augustus Hawkins

text: Congresswoman Diane Watson and Congressman Augustus Hawkins

question: What did parents of mixed race children lobby for before the 1980s?

text: a more inclusive term

question: What was the response from the public like when the U.S. government proposed dropping the category of "bi-racial"?

text: mostly negative

question: What political leader was vocally in favor of the multiracial category?

text: Diane Watson

question: Why was Diane Watson in favor of the multiracial category?

text: loss of political and economic power

question: What is a way African Americans could increase their numbers?

text: self-identification


text: The a cappella musical Perfect Harmony, a comedy about two high school a cappella groups vying to win the National championship, made its Off Broadway debut at Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre on 42nd Street in New York City in October, 2010 after a successful out-of-town run at the Stoneham Theatre, in Stoneham, Massachusetts. Perfect Harmony features the hit music of The Jackson 5, Pat Benatar, Billy Idol, Marvin Gaye, Scandal, Tiffany, The Romantics, The Pretenders, The Temptations, The Contours, The Commodores, Tommy James & the Shondells and The Partridge Family, and has been compared to a cross between Altar Boyz and The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee.

title: A_cappella

title: A_cappella

text: The

text: a

text: cappella

text: musical

text: Perfect

text: Harmony

text: a

text: comedy

text: about

text: two

text: high

text: school

text: a

text: cappella

text: groups

text: vying

text: to

text: win

text: the

text: National

text: championship

text: made

text: its

text: Off

text: Broadway

text: debut

text: at

text: Theatre

text: Row

text: ’s

text: Acorn

text: Theatre

text: on

text: Street

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: in

text: October

text: after

text: a

text: successful

text: out

text: of

text: town

text: run

text: at

text: the

text: Stoneham

text: Theatre

text: in

text: Stoneham

text: Massachusetts

text: Perfect

text: Harmony

text: features

text: the

text: hit

text: music

text: of

text: The

text: Jackson

text: Pat

text: Benatar

text: Billy

text: Idol

text: Marvin

text: Gaye

text: Scandal

text: Tiffany

text: The

text: Romantics

text: The

text: Pretenders

text: The

text: Temptations

text: The

text: Contours

text: The

text: Commodores

text: Tommy

text: James

text: the

text: Shondells

text: and

text: The

text: Partridge

text: Family

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: compared

text: to

text: a

text: cross

text: between

text: Altar

text: Boyz

text: and

text: The

text: Annual

text: Putnam

text: County

text: Spelling

text: Bee

question: What Off-Broadway theater did Perfect Harmony open at?

answer: Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre

text: Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre

question: Before coming to New York, at what theater had Perfect Harmony previously been successful?

answer: Stoneham Theatre

text: Stoneham Theatre

question: Perfect Harmony has been called a combination of which two musicals?

answer: Altar Boyz and The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee.

text: Altar Boyz and The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee.

question: In what month was Perfect Harmony's Off-Brodway debut?

answer: October

text: October

question: What genre best describes Perfect Harmony?

answer: comedy

text: comedy

question: What Broadway theater did Perfect Harmony open at?

text: Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre

question: What drama was based on two a cappella groups?

text: Perfect Harmony

question: Who's music influenced Perfect Harmoney

question: What have The Romantics been compared to?

question: What Off-Broadway theater did Pat Benatar open at?

text: Theatre Row’s Acorn Theatre

question: Before New York, at what other theater was Billy Idol successful?

text: Stoneham Theatre

question: When was The Jackson 5's debut Off-Broadway?

text: October, 2010

question: What type of genre describes The Partridge Family?

text: comedy


text: According to Hampshire Constabulary figures, Southampton is currently safer than it has ever been before, with dramatic reductions in violent crime year on year for the last three years. Data from the Southampton Safer City Partnership shows there has been a reduction in all crimes in recent years and an increase in crime detection rates. According to government figures Southampton has a higher crime rate than the national average. There is some controversy regarding comparative crime statisitics due to inconsistencies between different police forces recording methodologies. For example, in Hampshire all reported incidents are recorded and all records then retained. However, in neighbouring Dorset crimes reports withdrawn or shown to be false are not recorded, reducing apparent crime figures. In the violence against the person category, the national average is 16.7 per 1000 population while Southampton is 42.4 per 1000 population. In the theft from a vehicle category, the national average is 7.6 per 1000 compared to Southampton's 28.4 per 1000. Overall, for every 1,000 people in the city, 202 crimes are recorded. Hampshire Constabulary's figures for 2009/10 show fewer incidents of recorded crime in Southampton than the previous year.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: According

text: to

text: Hampshire

text: Constabulary

text: figures

text: Southampton

text: is

text: currently

text: safer

text: than

text: it

text: has

text: ever

text: been

text: before

text: with

text: dramatic

text: reductions

text: in

text: violent

text: crime

text: year

text: on

text: year

text: for

text: the

text: last

text: three

text: years

text: Data

text: from

text: the

text: Southampton

text: Safer

text: City

text: Partnership

text: shows

text: there

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: reduction

text: in

text: all

text: crimes

text: in

text: recent

text: years

text: and

text: an

text: increase

text: in

text: crime

text: detection

text: rates

text: According

text: to

text: government

text: figures

text: Southampton

text: has

text: a

text: higher

text: crime

text: rate

text: than

text: the

text: national

text: average

text: There

text: is

text: some

text: controversy

text: regarding

text: comparative

text: crime

text: statisitics

text: due

text: to

text: inconsistencies

text: between

text: different

text: police

text: forces

text: recording

text: methodologies

text: For

text: example

text: in

text: Hampshire

text: all

text: reported

text: incidents

text: are

text: recorded

text: and

text: all

text: records

text: then

text: retained

text: However

text: in

text: neighbouring

text: Dorset

text: crimes

text: reports

text: withdrawn

text: or

text: shown

text: to

text: be

text: false

text: are

text: not

text: recorded

text: reducing

text: apparent

text: crime

text: figures

text: In

text: the

text: violence

text: against

text: the

text: person

text: category

text: the

text: national

text: average

text: is

text: per

text: population

text: while

text: Southampton

text: is

text: per

text: population

text: In

text: the

text: theft

text: from

text: a

text: vehicle

text: category

text: the

text: national

text: average

text: is

text: per

text: compared

text: to

text: Southampton

text: 's

text: per

text: Overall

text: for

text: every

text: people

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: crimes

text: are

text: recorded

text: Hampshire

text: Constabulary

text: 's

text: figures

text: for

text: show

text: fewer

text: incidents

text: of

text: recorded

text: crime

text: in

text: Southampton

text: than

text: the

text: previous

text: year

question: How many crimes overall are reported for each 1,000 people in Southampton?

answer: 202

question: Did Hampshire Constabulary record fewer or more crime incidents in 2009/10 than the year before?

answer: fewer

text: fewer

question: For how many consecutive years has violent crime in Southampton decreased?

answer: three

text: three

question: Is Southampton's crime rate higher or lower than the national average?

answer: higher

text: higher

question: Which statistics are debated because of the different ways various police forces record crime?

answer: comparative crime statisitics

text: comparative crime statisitics


text: In 1870, after France attacked Prussia, Prussia and its new allies in Southern Germany (among them Bavaria) were victorious in the Franco-Prussian War. It created the German Empire in 1871 as a German nation-state, effectively excluding the multi-ethnic Austrian Habsburg monarchy and Liechtenstein. Integrating the Austrians nevertheless remained a strong desire for many people of Germany and Austria, especially among the liberals, the social democrats and also the Catholics who were a minority within the Protestant Germany.

title: Germans

title: Germans

text: In

text: after

text: France

text: attacked

text: Prussia

text: Prussia

text: and

text: its

text: new

text: allies

text: in

text: Southern

text: Germany

text: among

text: them

text: Bavaria

text: were

text: victorious

text: in

text: the

text: Franco

text: Prussian

text: War

text: It

text: created

text: the

text: German

text: Empire

text: in

text: as

text: a

text: German

text: nation

text: state

text: effectively

text: excluding

text: the

text: multi

text: ethnic

text: Austrian

text: Habsburg

text: monarchy

text: and

text: Liechtenstein

text: Integrating

text: the

text: Austrians

text: nevertheless

text: remained

text: a

text: strong

text: desire

text: for

text: many

text: people

text: of

text: Germany

text: and

text: Austria

text: especially

text: among

text: the

text: liberals

text: the

text: social

text: democrats

text: and

text: also

text: the

text: Catholics

text: who

text: were

text: a

text: minority

text: within

text: the

text: Protestant

text: Germany

question: When did France attack Prussia?

answer: 1870

question: Who won the Franco-Prussian War?

answer: Prussia and its new allies in Southern Germany

text: Prussia and its new allies in Southern Germany

question: When was the German Empire founded?

answer: 1871

question: What regions was excluded from the German Empire?

answer: effectively excluding the multi-ethnic Austrian Habsburg monarchy

text: effectively excluding the multi-ethnic Austrian Habsburg monarchy

question: What was the primary religion of Germany?

answer: Protestant

text: Protestant

question: When was the German empire created?

answer: 1871

question: Who was excluded from the German Nation State?

answer: Austrian Habsburg monarchy and Liechtenstein

text: Austrian Habsburg monarchy and Liechtenstein

question: What religion was a majority in Germany?

answer: Protestant

text: Protestant

question: What did many people in Germany still want to do?

answer: Integrating the Austrians

text: Integrating the Austrians

question: When did Prussia attack France?

question: What war started in the late 18th century?

text: Franco-Prussian War.

question: What empire was formed in the late 18th century?

text: German Empire

question: Who did the Catholics want to exclude from the German Empire?

text: Austria


text: By 1957, pan-Arabism was the dominant ideology of the Arab world, and the average Arab citizen considered Nasser his undisputed leader. Historian Adeed Dawisha credited Nasser's status to his "charisma, bolstered by his perceived victory in the Suez Crisis". The Cairo-based Voice of the Arabs radio station spread Nasser's ideas of united Arab action throughout the Arabic-speaking world and historian Eugene Rogan wrote, "Nasser conquered the Arab world by radio." Lebanese sympathizers of Nasser and the Egyptian embassy in Beirut—the press center of the Arab world—bought out Lebanese media outlets to further disseminate Nasser's ideals. Nasser also enjoyed the support of Arab nationalist organizations, both civilian and paramilitary, throughout the region. His followers were numerous and well-funded, but lacked any permanent structure and organization. They called themselves "Nasserites", despite Nasser's objection to the label (he preferred the term "Arab nationalists").

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: By

text: pan

text: Arabism

text: was

text: the

text: dominant

text: ideology

text: of

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: average

text: Arab

text: citizen

text: considered

text: Nasser

text: his

text: undisputed

text: leader

text: Historian

text: Adeed

text: Dawisha

text: credited

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: status

text: to

text: his

text: charisma

text: bolstered

text: by

text: his

text: perceived

text: victory

text: in

text: the

text: Suez

text: Crisis

text: The

text: Cairo

text: based

text: Voice

text: of

text: the

text: Arabs

text: radio

text: station

text: spread

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: ideas

text: of

text: united

text: Arab

text: action

text: throughout

text: the

text: Arabic

text: speaking

text: world

text: and

text: historian

text: Eugene

text: Rogan

text: wrote

text: Nasser

text: conquered

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: by

text: radio

text: Lebanese

text: sympathizers

text: of

text: Nasser

text: and

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: embassy

text: in

text: Beirut

text: the

text: press

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: bought

text: out

text: Lebanese

text: media

text: outlets

text: to

text: further

text: disseminate

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: ideals

text: Nasser

text: also

text: enjoyed

text: the

text: support

text: of

text: Arab

text: nationalist

text: organizations

text: both

text: civilian

text: and

text: paramilitary

text: throughout

text: the

text: region

text: His

text: followers

text: were

text: numerous

text: and

text: well

text: funded

text: but

text: lacked

text: any

text: permanent

text: structure

text: and

text: organization

text: They

text: called

text: themselves

text: Nasserites

text: despite

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: objection

text: to

text: the

text: label

text: he

text: preferred

text: the

text: term

text: Arab

text: nationalists

question: What radio station furthered Nasser's agenda?

answer: Voice of the Arabs

text: Voice of the Arabs

question: What were Arab admirers of Nasser called?

answer: Nasserites

text: Nasserites

question: What did the admirers of Nasser lack?

answer: structure and organization

text: structure and organization

question: Who said that Nasser conquered the Arab workd with radio?

answer: Eugene Rogan

text: Eugene Rogan

question: What would have Nasser prefferred his admirers call themselves?

answer: Arab nationalists

text: Arab nationalists


text: In 1971, Tito was re-elected as President of Yugoslavia by the Federal Assembly for the sixth time. In his speech before the Federal Assembly he introduced 20 sweeping constitutional amendments that would provide an updated framework on which the country would be based. The amendments provided for a collective presidency, a 22-member body consisting of elected representatives from six republics and two autonomous provinces. The body would have a single chairman of the presidency and chairmanship would rotate among six republics. When the Federal Assembly fails to agree on legislation, the collective presidency would have the power to rule by decree. Amendments also provided for stronger cabinet with considerable power to initiate and pursue legislature independently from the Communist Party. Džemal Bijedić was chosen as the Premier. The new amendments aimed to decentralize the country by granting greater autonomy to republics and provinces. The federal government would retain authority only over foreign affairs, defense, internal security, monetary affairs, free trade within Yugoslavia, and development loans to poorer regions. Control of education, healthcare, and housing would be exercised entirely by the governments of the republics and the autonomous provinces.

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: In

text: Tito

text: was

text: re

text: elected

text: as

text: President

text: of

text: Yugoslavia

text: by

text: the

text: Federal

text: Assembly

text: for

text: the

text: sixth

text: time

text: In

text: his

text: speech

text: before

text: the

text: Federal

text: Assembly

text: he

text: introduced

text: sweeping

text: constitutional

text: amendments

text: that

text: would

text: provide

text: an

text: updated

text: framework

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: country

text: would

text: be

text: based

text: The

text: amendments

text: provided

text: for

text: a

text: collective

text: presidency

text: a

text: body

text: consisting

text: of

text: elected

text: representatives

text: from

text: six

text: republics

text: and

text: two

text: autonomous

text: provinces

text: The

text: body

text: would

text: have

text: a

text: single

text: chairman

text: of

text: the

text: presidency

text: and

text: chairmanship

text: would

text: rotate

text: among

text: six

text: republics

text: When

text: the

text: Federal

text: Assembly

text: fails

text: to

text: agree

text: on

text: legislation

text: the

text: collective

text: presidency

text: would

text: have

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: rule

text: by

text: decree

text: Amendments

text: also

text: provided

text: for

text: stronger

text: cabinet

text: with

text: considerable

text: power

text: to

text: initiate

text: and

text: pursue

text: legislature

text: independently

text: from

text: the

text: Communist

text: Party

text: Džemal

text: Bijedić

text: was

text: chosen

text: as

text: the

text: Premier

text: The

text: new

text: amendments

text: aimed

text: to

text: decentralize

text: the

text: country

text: by

text: granting

text: greater

text: autonomy

text: to

text: republics

text: and

text: provinces

text: The

text: federal

text: government

text: would

text: retain

text: authority

text: only

text: over

text: foreign

text: affairs

text: defense

text: internal

text: security

text: monetary

text: affairs

text: free

text: trade

text: within

text: Yugoslavia

text: and

text: development

text: loans

text: to

text: poorer

text: regions

text: Control

text: of

text: education

text: healthcare

text: and

text: housing

text: would

text: be

text: exercised

text: entirely

text: by

text: the

text: governments

text: of

text: the

text: republics

text: and

text: the

text: autonomous

text: provinces

question: In what year was Tito reelected president of Yugoslavia for the sixth time?

answer: 1971

question: Who elected Tito president in 1971?

answer: Federal Assembly

text: Federal Assembly

question: How many sweeping constitutional amendments did Tito introduce in 1971?

answer: 20

question: Who was chosen as a premier in 1971 in Yugoslavia?

answer: Bijedić

text: Bijedić

question: What branch of the Yugoslav government would retain control over foreign affairs, defense and internal security?

answer: federal

text: federal


text: Light pollution is a growing problem in reaction to excess light being given off by numerous signs, houses, and buildings. Polluting light is often wasted light involving unnecessary energy costs and carbon dioxide emissions. Light pollution is described as artificial light that is excessive or intrudes where it is not wanted. Well-designed lighting sends light only where it is needed without scattering it elsewhere. Poorly designed lighting can also compromise safety. For example, glare creates safety issues around buildings by causing very sharp shadows, temporarily blinding passersby making them vulnerable to would-be assailants.

title: Lighting

title: Lighting

text: Light

text: pollution

text: is

text: a

text: growing

text: problem

text: in

text: reaction

text: to

text: excess

text: light

text: being

text: given

text: off

text: by

text: numerous

text: signs

text: houses

text: and

text: buildings

text: Polluting

text: light

text: is

text: often

text: wasted

text: light

text: involving

text: unnecessary

text: energy

text: costs

text: and

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: emissions

text: Light

text: pollution

text: is

text: described

text: as

text: artificial

text: light

text: that

text: is

text: excessive

text: or

text: intrudes

text: where

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: wanted

text: Well

text: designed

text: lighting

text: sends

text: light

text: only

text: where

text: it

text: is

text: needed

text: without

text: scattering

text: it

text: elsewhere

text: Poorly

text: designed

text: lighting

text: can

text: also

text: compromise

text: safety

text: For

text: example

text: glare

text: creates

text: safety

text: issues

text: around

text: buildings

text: by

text: causing

text: very

text: sharp

text: shadows

text: temporarily

text: blinding

text: passersby

text: making

text: them

text: vulnerable

text: to

text: would

text: be

text: assailants

question: What is known as artificial light that is excessive or intrusive?

answer: Light pollution

text: Light pollution

question: What causes sharp shadows around buildings?

answer: glare

text: glare


text: Although not yet tested as a therapy in humans, a growing body of evidence indicates that zinc may preferentially kill prostate cancer cells. Because zinc naturally homes to the prostate and because the prostate is accessible with relatively non-invasive procedures, its potential as a chemotherapeutic agent in this type of cancer has shown promise. However, other studies have demonstrated that chronic use of zinc supplements in excess of the recommended dosage may actually increase the chance of developing prostate cancer, also likely due to the natural buildup of this heavy metal in the prostate.

title: Zinc

title: Zinc

text: Although

text: not

text: yet

text: tested

text: as

text: a

text: therapy

text: in

text: humans

text: a

text: growing

text: body

text: of

text: evidence

text: indicates

text: that

text: zinc

text: may

text: preferentially

text: kill

text: prostate

text: cancer

text: cells

text: Because

text: zinc

text: naturally

text: homes

text: to

text: the

text: prostate

text: and

text: because

text: the

text: prostate

text: is

text: accessible

text: with

text: relatively

text: non

text: invasive

text: procedures

text: its

text: potential

text: as

text: a

text: chemotherapeutic

text: agent

text: in

text: this

text: type

text: of

text: cancer

text: has

text: shown

text: promise

text: However

text: other

text: studies

text: have

text: demonstrated

text: that

text: chronic

text: use

text: of

text: zinc

text: supplements

text: in

text: excess

text: of

text: the

text: recommended

text: dosage

text: may

text: actually

text: increase

text: the

text: chance

text: of

text: developing

text: prostate

text: cancer

text: also

text: likely

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: natural

text: buildup

text: of

text: this

text: heavy

text: metal

text: in

text: the

text: prostate

question: What kind of cancer cells may zinc prove to kill?

answer: prostate

text: prostate

question: What type of agent is zync useful as against prostate cancer?

answer: chemotherapeutic

text: chemotherapeutic

question: What could overuse of zinc possibly cause?

answer: prostate cancer

text: prostate cancer

question: Where does zinc naturally buildup in the body?

answer: prostate.

text: prostate.

question: What kind of cancer cells may zinc prove to heal?

text: prostate

question: What type of agent is zinc useless as against prostate cancer?

text: chemotherapeutic

question: What could normal use of zinc possibly cause?

text: prostate cancer

question: Where does zinc mysteriously buildup in the body?

text: prostate


text: In February 2014, Bloomberg reported that Microsoft would be lowering the price of Windows 8 licenses by 70% for devices that retail under US$250; alongside the announcement that an update to the operating system would allow OEMs to produce devices with as little as 1 GB of RAM and 16 GB of storage, critics felt that these changes would help Windows compete against Linux-based devices in the low-end market, particularly those running Chrome OS. Microsoft had similarly cut the price of Windows XP licenses to compete against the early waves of Linux-based netbooks. Reports also indicated that Microsoft was planning to offer cheaper Windows 8 licenses to OEMs in exchange for setting Internet Explorer's default search engine to Bing. Some media outlets falsely reported that the SKU associated with this plan, "Windows 8.1 with Bing", was a variant which would be a free or low-cost version of Windows 8 for consumers using older versions of Windows. On April 2, 2014, Microsoft ultimately announced that it would be removing license fees entirely for devices with screens smaller than 9 inches, and officially confirmed the rumored "Windows 8.1 with Bing" OEM SKU on May 23, 2014.

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: In

text: February

text: Bloomberg

text: reported

text: that

text: Microsoft

text: would

text: be

text: lowering

text: the

text: price

text: of

text: Windows

text: licenses

text: by

text: for

text: devices

text: that

text: retail

text: under

text: US$

text: alongside

text: the

text: announcement

text: that

text: an

text: update

text: to

text: the

text: operating

text: system

text: would

text: allow

text: OEMs

text: to

text: produce

text: devices

text: with

text: as

text: little

text: as

text: GB

text: of

text: RAM

text: and

text: GB

text: of

text: storage

text: critics

text: felt

text: that

text: these

text: changes

text: would

text: help

text: Windows

text: compete

text: against

text: Linux

text: based

text: devices

text: in

text: the

text: low

text: end

text: market

text: particularly

text: those

text: running

text: Chrome

text: OS

text: Microsoft

text: had

text: similarly

text: cut

text: the

text: price

text: of

text: Windows

text: XP

text: licenses

text: to

text: compete

text: against

text: the

text: early

text: waves

text: of

text: Linux

text: based

text: netbooks

text: Reports

text: also

text: indicated

text: that

text: Microsoft

text: was

text: planning

text: to

text: offer

text: cheaper

text: Windows

text: licenses

text: to

text: OEMs

text: in

text: exchange

text: for

text: setting

text: Internet

text: Explorer

text: 's

text: default

text: search

text: engine

text: to

text: Bing

text: Some

text: media

text: outlets

text: falsely

text: reported

text: that

text: the

text: SKU

text: associated

text: with

text: this

text: plan

text: Windows

text: with

text: Bing

text: was

text: a

text: variant

text: which

text: would

text: be

text: a

text: free

text: or

text: low

text: cost

text: version

text: of

text: Windows

text: for

text: consumers

text: using

text: older

text: versions

text: of

text: Windows

text: On

text: April

text: Microsoft

text: ultimately

text: announced

text: that

text: it

text: would

text: be

text: removing

text: license

text: fees

text: entirely

text: for

text: devices

text: with

text: screens

text: smaller

text: than

text: inches

text: and

text: officially

text: confirmed

text: the

text: rumored

text: Windows

text: with

text: Bing

text: OEM

text: SKU

text: on

text: May

question: When did Microsoft make the existence of Windows 8.1 with Bing OEM SKU official?

answer: May 23, 2014

text: May 23, 2014

question: When did Microsoft remove license fees on device screens less than 9 inches?

answer: April 2, 2014

text: April 2, 2014

question: When did Windows 8 decrease the price of Windows 8 for devices that cost less than $250?

answer: February 2014

text: February 2014

question: What was the benefit of Windows 8.1 with Bing?

answer: cheaper Windows 8 licenses to OEMs in exchange for setting Internet Explorer's default search engine to Bing

text: cheaper Windows 8 licenses to OEMs in exchange for setting Internet Explorer's default search engine to Bing

question: When did Microsoft make the existence of Windows 9.1 with Bing OEM SKU official?

text: May 23, 2014

question: When did Microsoft make the existence of Windows 8.1 with Bing OME SKU official?

text: May 23, 2014

question: When did Microsoft remove license fees on device screens less than 8 inches?

text: April 2, 2014

question: When did Windows 9 decrease the price of Windows 8 for devices that cost less than $250?

text: February 2014

question: What was the benefit of Windows 9.1 with Bing?

text: cheaper Windows 8 licenses to OEMs


text: Red was also featured in Chinese Imperial architecture. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, gates of palaces were usually painted red, and nobles often painted their entire mansion red. One of the most famous works of Chinese literature, A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin (1715–1763), was about the lives of noble women who passed their lives out of public sight within the walls of such mansions. In later dynasties red was reserved for the walls of temples and imperial residences. When the Manchu rulers of the Qing Dynasty conquered the Ming and took over the Forbidden City and Imperial Palace in Beijing, all the walls, gates, beams and pillars were painted in red and gold.

title: Red

title: Red

text: Red

text: was

text: also

text: featured

text: in

text: Chinese

text: Imperial

text: architecture

text: In

text: the

text: Tang

text: and

text: Song

text: Dynasties

text: gates

text: of

text: palaces

text: were

text: usually

text: painted

text: red

text: and

text: nobles

text: often

text: painted

text: their

text: entire

text: mansion

text: red

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: famous

text: works

text: of

text: Chinese

text: literature

text: A

text: Dream

text: of

text: Red

text: Mansions

text: by

text: Cao

text: Xueqin

text: was

text: about

text: the

text: lives

text: of

text: noble

text: women

text: who

text: passed

text: their

text: lives

text: out

text: of

text: public

text: sight

text: within

text: the

text: walls

text: of

text: such

text: mansions

text: In

text: later

text: dynasties

text: red

text: was

text: reserved

text: for

text: the

text: walls

text: of

text: temples

text: and

text: imperial

text: residences

text: When

text: the

text: Manchu

text: rulers

text: of

text: the

text: Qing

text: Dynasty

text: conquered

text: the

text: Ming

text: and

text: took

text: over

text: the

text: Forbidden

text: City

text: and

text: Imperial

text: Palace

text: in

text: Beijing

text: all

text: the

text: walls

text: gates

text: beams

text: and

text: pillars

text: were

text: painted

text: in

text: red

text: and

text: gold

question: Who painted their mansions red during the Song and Tang dynasties?

answer: nobles

text: nobles

question: who wrote A dream of Red Mansions?

answer: Cao Xueqin

text: Cao Xueqin

question: During what years was Cao Xueqin alive?

answer: 1715–1763

question: Who painted the walls of the Forbidden city red after the fall of the Ming dynasty?

answer: Qing Dynasty

text: Qing Dynasty

question: In late Chinese dynasties red was used only on what kind of architecture?

answer: temples and imperial residences

text: temples and imperial residences

question: What did Xueqin Cao write?

text: A Dream of Red Mansions

question: When was Xueqin Cao alive?

question: Who did the Ming ruler conquer?

text: Manchu rulers of the Qing Dynasty

question: What was Xueqin Cao's book about?


text: Sonam Gyatso, after being granted the grandiose title by Altan Khan, departed for Tibet. Before he left, he sent a letter and gifts to the Ming Chinese official Zhang Juzheng (1525–1582), which arrived on March 12, 1579. Sometime in August or September of that year, Sonam Gyatso's representative stationed with Altan Khan received a return letter and gift from the Wanli Emperor (r. 1572–1620), who also conferred upon Sonam Gyatso a title; this was the first official contact between a Dalai Lama and a government of China. However, Laird states that when Wanli invited him to Beijing, the Dalai Lama declined the offer due to a prior commitment, even though he was only 400 km (250 mi) from Beijing. Laird adds that "the power of the Ming emperor did not reach very far at the time." Although not recorded in any official Chinese records, Sonam Gyatso's biography states that Wanli again conferred titles on Sonam Gyatso in 1588, and invited him to Beijing for a second time, but Sonam Gyatso was unable to visit China as he died the same year in Mongolia working with Altan Khan's son to further the spread of Buddhism.

title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

title: Sino

text: Sonam

text: Gyatso

text: after

text: being

text: granted

text: the

text: grandiose

text: title

text: by

text: Altan

text: Khan

text: departed

text: for

text: Tibet

text: Before

text: he

text: left

text: he

text: sent

text: a

text: letter

text: and

text: gifts

text: to

text: the

text: Ming

text: Chinese

text: official

text: Zhang

text: Juzheng

text: which

text: arrived

text: on

text: March

text: Sometime

text: in

text: August

text: or

text: September

text: of

text: that

text: year

text: Sonam

text: Gyatso

text: 's

text: representative

text: stationed

text: with

text: Altan

text: Khan

text: received

text: a

text: return

text: letter

text: and

text: gift

text: from

text: the

text: Wanli

text: Emperor

text: r.

text: who

text: also

text: conferred

text: upon

text: Sonam

text: Gyatso

text: a

text: title

text: this

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: official

text: contact

text: between

text: a

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: and

text: a

text: government

text: of

text: China

text: However

text: Laird

text: states

text: that

text: when

text: Wanli

text: invited

text: him

text: to

text: Beijing

text: the

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: declined

text: the

text: offer

text: due

text: to

text: a

text: prior

text: commitment

text: even

text: though

text: he

text: was

text: only

text: km

text: mi

text: from

text: Beijing

text: Laird

text: adds

text: that

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: the

text: Ming

text: emperor

text: did

text: not

text: reach

text: very

text: far

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: Although

text: not

text: recorded

text: in

text: any

text: official

text: Chinese

text: records

text: Sonam

text: Gyatso

text: 's

text: biography

text: states

text: that

text: Wanli

text: again

text: conferred

text: titles

text: on

text: Sonam

text: Gyatso

text: in

text: and

text: invited

text: him

text: to

text: Beijing

text: for

text: a

text: second

text: time

text: but

text: Sonam

text: Gyatso

text: was

text: unable

text: to

text: visit

text: China

text: as

text: he

text: died

text: the

text: same

text: year

text: in

text: Mongolia

text: working

text: with

text: Altan

text: Khan

text: 's

text: son

text: to

text: further

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: Buddhism

question: Who was given the grandiose title?

answer: Sonam Gyatso

text: Sonam Gyatso

question: Who granted Sonam Gyatso the title of grandiose?

answer: Altan Khan

text: Altan Khan

question: Who did Sonam Gyatso send gifts to?

answer: Zhang Juzheng

text: Zhang Juzheng

question: Who was the Ming Chinese official?

answer: Zhang Juzheng

text: Zhang Juzheng

question: Where did Sonam Gyatso die?

answer: Mongolia

text: Mongolia


text: The changing world order that the war had brought about, in particular the growth of the United States and Japan as naval powers, and the rise of independence movements in India and Ireland, caused a major reassessment of British imperial policy. Forced to choose between alignment with the United States or Japan, Britain opted not to renew its Japanese alliance and instead signed the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty, where Britain accepted naval parity with the United States. This decision was the source of much debate in Britain during the 1930s as militaristic governments took hold in Japan and Germany helped in part by the Great Depression, for it was feared that the empire could not survive a simultaneous attack by both nations. Although the issue of the empire's security was a serious concern in Britain, at the same time the empire was vital to the British economy.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: The

text: changing

text: world

text: order

text: that

text: the

text: war

text: had

text: brought

text: about

text: in

text: particular

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Japan

text: as

text: naval

text: powers

text: and

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: independence

text: movements

text: in

text: India

text: and

text: Ireland

text: caused

text: a

text: major

text: reassessment

text: of

text: British

text: imperial

text: policy

text: Forced

text: to

text: choose

text: between

text: alignment

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: or

text: Japan

text: Britain

text: opted

text: not

text: to

text: renew

text: its

text: Japanese

text: alliance

text: and

text: instead

text: signed

text: the

text: Washington

text: Naval

text: Treaty

text: where

text: Britain

text: accepted

text: naval

text: parity

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: This

text: decision

text: was

text: the

text: source

text: of

text: much

text: debate

text: in

text: Britain

text: during

text: the

text: as

text: militaristic

text: governments

text: took

text: hold

text: in

text: Japan

text: and

text: Germany

text: helped

text: in

text: part

text: by

text: the

text: Great

text: Depression

text: for

text: it

text: was

text: feared

text: that

text: the

text: empire

text: could

text: not

text: survive

text: a

text: simultaneous

text: attack

text: by

text: both

text: nations

text: Although

text: the

text: issue

text: of

text: the

text: empire

text: 's

text: security

text: was

text: a

text: serious

text: concern

text: in

text: Britain

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: the

text: empire

text: was

text: vital

text: to

text: the

text: British

text: economy

question: When did Britain sign the Washington Naval Treaty?

answer: 1922

question: The Great Depression helped which countries' governments become more militaristic?

answer: Japan and Germany

text: Japan and Germany

question: When Britain had to choose between its Japanese alliance or the US, which did it choose?

answer: United States

text: United States

question: British imperialism was being reconsidered in light of which territories' independence movements?

answer: India and Ireland

text: India and Ireland


text: Of all the questions on the scale, Sell considered those assessing sexual attraction to be the most important as sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation which he defined as "extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither" than either sexual identity or sexual behavior. Identity and behavior are measured as supplemental information because they are both closely tied to sexual attraction and sexual orientation. Major criticisms of the SASO have not been established, but a concern is that the reliability and validity remains largely unexamined.

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: Of

text: all

text: the

text: questions

text: on

text: the

text: scale

text: Sell

text: considered

text: those

text: assessing

text: sexual

text: attraction

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: as

text: sexual

text: attraction

text: is

text: a

text: better

text: reflection

text: of

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: which

text: he

text: defined

text: as

text: extent

text: of

text: sexual

text: attractions

text: toward

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: other

text: same

text: both

text: sexes

text: or

text: neither

text: than

text: either

text: sexual

text: identity

text: or

text: sexual

text: behavior

text: Identity

text: and

text: behavior

text: are

text: measured

text: as

text: supplemental

text: information

text: because

text: they

text: are

text: both

text: closely

text: tied

text: to

text: sexual

text: attraction

text: and

text: sexual

text: orientation

text: Major

text: criticisms

text: of

text: the

text: SASO

text: have

text: not

text: been

text: established

text: but

text: a

text: concern

text: is

text: that

text: the

text: reliability

text: and

text: validity

text: remains

text: largely

text: unexamined

question: What questions did Sell consider the most important on the KInsey scale?

answer: those assessing sexual attraction

text: those assessing sexual attraction

question: Why did Sell consider the questions regarding sexual attraction the most important?

answer: sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation

text: sexual attraction is a better reflection of the concept of sexual orientation

question: Rather than define sexual orientation as sexual idenity or behavior what did Sell define it as?

answer: extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither

text: extent of sexual attractions toward members of the other, same, both sexes or neither

question: What is a huge concern for SASO?

answer: the reliability and validity remains largely unexamined.

text: the reliability and validity remains largely unexamined.


text: In Dutch, the diminutive is not merely restricted to nouns and exist in numerals (met z'n tweetjes, "the two of us"), pronouns (onderonsje, "tête-à-tête"), verbal particles (moetje, "shotgun marriage"), and even prepositions (toetje, "dessert"). Most notable however, are the diminutive forms of adjectives and adverbs. The former take an diminutive ending and thus functions as a noun, the latter remain adverbs and have always the diminutive with the -s appended, e.g. adjective: groen ("green") → noun: groentje ("rookie"); adverb: even ("just") → adverb: eventjes ("just a minute").

title: Dutch_language

title: Dutch_language

text: In

text: Dutch

text: the

text: diminutive

text: is

text: not

text: merely

text: restricted

text: to

text: nouns

text: and

text: exist

text: in

text: numerals

text: met

text: z'n

text: tweetjes

text: the

text: two

text: of

text: us

text: pronouns

text: onderonsje

text: tête

text: à

text: tête

text: verbal

text: particles

text: moetje

text: shotgun

text: marriage

text: and

text: even

text: prepositions

text: toetje

text: dessert

text: Most

text: notable

text: however

text: are

text: the

text: diminutive

text: forms

text: of

text: adjectives

text: and

text: adverbs

text: The

text: former

text: take

text: an

text: diminutive

text: ending

text: and

text: thus

text: functions

text: as

text: a

text: noun

text: the

text: latter

text: remain

text: adverbs

text: and

text: have

text: always

text: the

text: diminutive

text: with

text: the

text: -s

text: appended

text: e.g.

text: adjective

text: groen

text: green

text: noun

text: groentje

text: rookie

text: adverb

text: even

text: just

text: adverb

text: eventjes

text: just

text: a

text: minute

question: What word do Dutch speakers use for what we call a "shotgun marriage"?

answer: moetje

text: moetje

question: In Dutch, what part of speech does an adjective with a diminutive ending become?

answer: noun

text: noun

question: When the diminutive ending "-tjes" is added to the adverb "even," as what part of speech does it function?

answer: adverb

text: adverb

question: What's the Dutch word for "green"?

answer: groen

text: groen

question: With the diminutive ending "-tje" added to the Dutch word for "green," what does the new formation translate to in English?

answer: rookie

text: rookie


text: The mayor of Paris is elected indirectly by Paris voters; the voters of each arrondissement elect the Conseil de Paris (Council of Paris), composed of 163 members. Each arrondissement has a number of members depending upon its population, from 10 members for each of the least-populated arrondissements (1st through 9th) to 36 members for the most populated (the 15th). The elected council members select the mayor. Sometimes the candidate who receives the most votes city-wide is not selected if the other candidate has won the support of the majority of council members. Mayor Bertrand Delanoë (2001-2014) was elected by only a minority of city voters, but a majority of council members. Once elected, the council plays a largely passive role in the city government; it meets only once a month. The current council is divided between a coalition of the left of 91 members, including the socialists, communists, greens, and extreme left; and 71 members for the centre right, plus a few members from smaller parties.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: The

text: mayor

text: of

text: Paris

text: is

text: elected

text: indirectly

text: by

text: Paris

text: voters

text: the

text: voters

text: of

text: each

text: arrondissement

text: elect

text: the

text: Conseil

text: de

text: Paris

text: Council

text: of

text: Paris

text: composed

text: of

text: members

text: Each

text: arrondissement

text: has

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: members

text: depending

text: upon

text: its

text: population

text: from

text: members

text: for

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: least

text: populated

text: arrondissements

text: through

text: to

text: members

text: for

text: the

text: most

text: populated

text: the

text: The

text: elected

text: council

text: members

text: select

text: the

text: mayor

text: Sometimes

text: the

text: candidate

text: who

text: receives

text: the

text: most

text: votes

text: city

text: wide

text: is

text: not

text: selected

text: if

text: the

text: other

text: candidate

text: has

text: won

text: the

text: support

text: of

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: council

text: members

text: Mayor

text: Bertrand

text: Delanoë

text: was

text: elected

text: by

text: only

text: a

text: minority

text: of

text: city

text: voters

text: but

text: a

text: majority

text: of

text: council

text: members

text: Once

text: elected

text: the

text: council

text: plays

text: a

text: largely

text: passive

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: government

text: it

text: meets

text: only

text: once

text: a

text: month

text: The

text: current

text: council

text: is

text: divided

text: between

text: a

text: coalition

text: of

text: the

text: left

text: of

text: members

text: including

text: the

text: socialists

text: communists

text: greens

text: and

text: extreme

text: left

text: and

text: members

text: for

text: the

text: centre

text: right

text: plus

text: a

text: few

text: members

text: from

text: smaller

text: parties

question: How many members are there in the Conseil de Paris?

answer: 163

question: How was Mayor Bertand Delanoe elected

answer: majority of council members

text: majority of council members

question: How often does the council meet?

answer: once a month

text: once a month

question: What years was Bertrand Delanoe Mayor?

answer: 2001-2014


text: However, there is significant disagreement within Orthodox Judaism, particularly between Haredi Judaism and Modern Orthodox Judaism, about the extent and circumstances under which the proper application of Halakha should be re-examined as a result of changing realities. As a general rule, Haredi Jews believe that when at all possible the law should be maintained as it was understood by their authorities at the haskalah, believing that it had never changed. Modern Orthodox authorities are more willing to assume that under scrupulous examination, identical principles may lead to different applications in the context of modern life. To the Orthodox Jew, halakha is a guide, God's Law, governing the structure of daily life from the moment he or she wakes up to the moment he goes to sleep. It includes codes of behaviour applicable to a broad range of circumstances (and many hypothetical ones). There are though a number of halakhic meta-principles that guide the halakhic process and in an instance of opposition between a specific halakha and a meta-principle, the meta-principle often wins out . Examples of Halakhic Meta-Principles are: "Deracheha Darchei Noam" - the ways of Torah are pleasant, "Kavod Habriyot" - basic respect for human beings, "Pikuach Nefesh" - the sanctity of human life.

title: Orthodox_Judaism

title: Orthodox_Judaism

text: However

text: there

text: is

text: significant

text: disagreement

text: within

text: Orthodox

text: Judaism

text: particularly

text: between

text: Haredi

text: Judaism

text: and

text: Modern

text: Orthodox

text: Judaism

text: about

text: the

text: extent

text: and

text: circumstances

text: under

text: which

text: the

text: proper

text: application

text: of

text: Halakha

text: should

text: be

text: re

text: examined

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: changing

text: realities

text: As

text: a

text: general

text: rule

text: Haredi

text: Jews

text: believe

text: that

text: when

text: at

text: all

text: possible

text: the

text: law

text: should

text: be

text: maintained

text: as

text: it

text: was

text: understood

text: by

text: their

text: authorities

text: at

text: the

text: haskalah

text: believing

text: that

text: it

text: had

text: never

text: changed

text: Modern

text: Orthodox

text: authorities

text: are

text: more

text: willing

text: to

text: assume

text: that

text: under

text: scrupulous

text: examination

text: identical

text: principles

text: may

text: lead

text: to

text: different

text: applications

text: in

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: modern

text: life

text: To

text: the

text: Orthodox

text: Jew

text: halakha

text: is

text: a

text: guide

text: God

text: 's

text: Law

text: governing

text: the

text: structure

text: of

text: daily

text: life

text: from

text: the

text: moment

text: he

text: or

text: she

text: wakes

text: up

text: to

text: the

text: moment

text: he

text: goes

text: to

text: sleep

text: It

text: includes

text: codes

text: of

text: behaviour

text: applicable

text: to

text: a

text: broad

text: range

text: of

text: circumstances

text: and

text: many

text: hypothetical

text: ones

text: There

text: are

text: though

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: halakhic

text: meta

text: principles

text: that

text: guide

text: the

text: halakhic

text: process

text: and

text: in

text: an

text: instance

text: of

text: opposition

text: between

text: a

text: specific

text: halakha

text: and

text: a

text: meta

text: principle

text: the

text: meta

text: principle

text: often

text: wins

text: out

text: Examples

text: of

text: Halakhic

text: Meta

text: Principles

text: are

text: Deracheha

text: Darchei

text: Noam

text: the

text: ways

text: of

text: Torah

text: are

text: pleasant

text: Kavod

text: Habriyot

text: basic

text: respect

text: for

text: human

text: beings

text: Pikuach

text: Nefesh

text: the

text: sanctity

text: of

text: human

text: life

question: What do haredi Judaism and modern orthodox Judaism disagree about the application of?

answer: Halakha

text: Halakha

question: what law is halakha to the Orthodox Jew?

answer: God's Law,

text: God's Law,

question: Basic respect for human beings is known as what?

answer: "Kavod Habriyot"

text: "Kavod Habriyot"

question: The sanctiy of human life is known as what?

answer: "Pikuach Nefesh"

text: "Pikuach Nefesh"

question: What does halakha guide?

answer: structure of daily life

text: structure of daily life

question: Which groups maintain significant agreement within Orthodox Judaism about Halakha?

question: Why must the Halakha never be re-examined?

text: the law should be maintained

question: What are Historical Orthodox more willing to assume about changing realities?

question: What is a guide to the modern day Jew?

text: halakha

question: What principles are never in opposition with each other?

text: halakha and a meta-principle


text: Xinjiang, China; Argentina; Chile; Iceland; Russia and other areas skew time zones westward, in effect observing DST year-round without complications from clock shifts. For example, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, is at 106°39′ W longitude, slightly west of center of the idealized Mountain Time Zone (105° W), but the time in Saskatchewan is Central Standard Time (90° W) year-round, so Saskatoon is always about 67 minutes ahead of mean solar time, thus effectively observing daylight saving time year-round. Conversely, northeast India and a few other areas skew time zones eastward, in effect observing negative DST. The United Kingdom and Ireland experimented with year-round DST from 1968 to 1971 but abandoned it because of its unpopularity, particularly in northern regions.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: Xinjiang

text: China

text: Argentina

text: Chile

text: Iceland

text: Russia

text: and

text: other

text: areas

text: skew

text: time

text: zones

text: westward

text: in

text: effect

text: observing

text: DST

text: year

text: round

text: without

text: complications

text: from

text: clock

text: shifts

text: For

text: example

text: Saskatoon

text: Saskatchewan

text: is

text: at

text: W

text: longitude

text: slightly

text: west

text: of

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: idealized

text: Mountain

text: Time

text: Zone

text: W

text: but

text: the

text: time

text: in

text: Saskatchewan

text: is

text: Central

text: Standard

text: Time

text: W

text: year

text: round

text: so

text: Saskatoon

text: is

text: always

text: about

text: minutes

text: ahead

text: of

text: mean

text: solar

text: time

text: thus

text: effectively

text: observing

text: daylight

text: saving

text: time

text: year

text: round

text: Conversely

text: northeast

text: India

text: and

text: a

text: few

text: other

text: areas

text: skew

text: time

text: zones

text: eastward

text: in

text: effect

text: observing

text: negative

text: DST

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: Ireland

text: experimented

text: with

text: year

text: round

text: DST

text: from

text: to

text: but

text: abandoned

text: it

text: because

text: of

text: its

text: unpopularity

text: particularly

text: in

text: northern

text: regions

question: In which direction do countries like Russia and Argentina shift their time zones that could be considered all-year DST?

answer: westward

text: westward

question: About how many minutes does Saskatoon, Saskatchewan stay ahead of mean solar time?

answer: 67

question: What time does Saskatoon observe all year long?

answer: Central Standard Time

text: Central Standard Time

question: Places like northeast India that shift time zones to the east could be considered to be observing what kind of DST?

answer: negative DST

text: negative DST

question: What year did Ireland and the UK give up on their permanent DST experiment?

answer: 1971


text: While Southampton is no longer the base for any cross-channel ferries, it is the terminus for three internal ferry services, all of which operate from terminals at Town Quay. Two of these, a car ferry service and a fast catamaran passenger ferry service, provide links to East Cowes and Cowes respectively on the Isle of Wight and are operated by Red Funnel. The third ferry is the Hythe Ferry, providing a passenger service to Hythe on the other side of Southampton Water.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: While

text: Southampton

text: is

text: no

text: longer

text: the

text: base

text: for

text: any

text: cross

text: channel

text: ferries

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: terminus

text: for

text: three

text: internal

text: ferry

text: services

text: all

text: of

text: which

text: operate

text: from

text: terminals

text: at

text: Town

text: Quay

text: Two

text: of

text: these

text: a

text: car

text: ferry

text: service

text: and

text: a

text: fast

text: catamaran

text: passenger

text: ferry

text: service

text: provide

text: links

text: to

text: East

text: Cowes

text: and

text: Cowes

text: respectively

text: on

text: the

text: Isle

text: of

text: Wight

text: and

text: are

text: operated

text: by

text: Red

text: Funnel

text: The

text: third

text: ferry

text: is

text: the

text: Hythe

text: Ferry

text: providing

text: a

text: passenger

text: service

text: to

text: Hythe

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: side

text: of

text: Southampton

text: Water

question: How many internal ferry services does Southampton serve?

answer: three

text: three

question: What is the name of the quay where all three ferries have their terminals?

answer: Town Quay

text: Town Quay

question: How many of the ferries connect to the Isle of Wight?

answer: Two

text: Two

question: What company operates the ferries to East Cowes and Cowes?

answer: Red Funnel

text: Red Funnel

question: What body of water does the Hythe Ferry cross to reach Hythe from Southampton?

answer: Southampton Water

text: Southampton Water


text: Many sports are associated with New York's immigrant communities. Stickball, a street version of baseball, was popularized by youths in the 1930s, and a street in the Bronx was renamed Stickball Boulevard in the late 2000s to memorialize this.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: Many

text: sports

text: are

text: associated

text: with

text: New

text: York

text: 's

text: immigrant

text: communities

text: Stickball

text: a

text: street

text: version

text: of

text: baseball

text: was

text: popularized

text: by

text: youths

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: a

text: street

text: in

text: the

text: Bronx

text: was

text: renamed

text: Stickball

text: Boulevard

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: to

text: memorialize

text: this

question: A version of baseball played in city streets was nicknamed was in the 1930s?

answer: Stickball

text: Stickball

question: What street was renamed in the late 2000s to commemorate the street version of baseball?

answer: Stickball Boulevard

text: Stickball Boulevard

question: In what borough is Stickball Boulevard located?

answer: the Bronx

text: the Bronx


text: Before 2006, geneticists had largely attributed the ethnogenesis of most of the world's Jewish populations, including Ashkenazi Jews, to Israelite Jewish male migrants from the Middle East and "the women from each local population whom they took as wives and converted to Judaism." Thus, in 2002, in line with this model of origin, David Goldstein, now of Duke University, reported that unlike male Ashkenazi lineages, the female lineages in Ashkenazi Jewish communities "did not seem to be Middle Eastern", and that each community had its own genetic pattern and even that "in some cases the mitochondrial DNA was closely related to that of the host community." In his view this suggested "that Jewish men had arrived from the Middle East, taken wives from the host population and converted them to Judaism, after which there was no further intermarriage with non-Jews."

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

title: Ashkenazi_Jews

text: Before

text: geneticists

text: had

text: largely

text: attributed

text: the

text: ethnogenesis

text: of

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: Jewish

text: populations

text: including

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jews

text: to

text: Israelite

text: Jewish

text: male

text: migrants

text: from

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: and

text: the

text: women

text: from

text: each

text: local

text: population

text: whom

text: they

text: took

text: as

text: wives

text: and

text: converted

text: to

text: Judaism

text: Thus

text: in

text: in

text: line

text: with

text: this

text: model

text: of

text: origin

text: David

text: Goldstein

text: now

text: of

text: Duke

text: University

text: reported

text: that

text: unlike

text: male

text: Ashkenazi

text: lineages

text: the

text: female

text: lineages

text: in

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jewish

text: communities

text: did

text: not

text: seem

text: to

text: be

text: Middle

text: Eastern

text: and

text: that

text: each

text: community

text: had

text: its

text: own

text: genetic

text: pattern

text: and

text: even

text: that

text: in

text: some

text: cases

text: the

text: mitochondrial

text: DNA

text: was

text: closely

text: related

text: to

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: host

text: community

text: In

text: his

text: view

text: this

text: suggested

text: that

text: Jewish

text: men

text: had

text: arrived

text: from

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: taken

text: wives

text: from

text: the

text: host

text: population

text: and

text: converted

text: them

text: to

text: Judaism

text: after

text: which

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: further

text: intermarriage

text: with

text: non

text: Jews

question: What year did David Goldstein report that unlike male Ashkenazi lineages, the female lineages in Ashkenazi Jewish communities did not seem to be Middle Eastern?

answer: 2002