text: On April 2, 1958, President Eisenhower reacted to the Soviet space lead in launching the first satellite, by recommending to the US Congress that a civilian agency be established to direct nonmilitary space activities. Congress, led by Senate Majority Leader Lyndon B. Johnson, responded by passing the National Aeronautics and Space Act, which Eisenhower signed into law on July 29, 1958. This law turned the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics into the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). It also created a Civilian-Military Liaison Committee, chaired by the President, responsible for coordinating the nation's civilian and military space programs.

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: On

text: April

text: President

text: Eisenhower

text: reacted

text: to

text: the

text: Soviet

text: space

text: lead

text: in

text: launching

text: the

text: first

text: satellite

text: by

text: recommending

text: to

text: the

text: US

text: Congress

text: that

text: a

text: civilian

text: agency

text: be

text: established

text: to

text: direct

text: nonmilitary

text: space

text: activities

text: Congress

text: led

text: by

text: Senate

text: Majority

text: Leader

text: Lyndon

text: B.

text: Johnson

text: responded

text: by

text: passing

text: the

text: National

text: Aeronautics

text: and

text: Space

text: Act

text: which

text: Eisenhower

text: signed

text: into

text: law

text: on

text: July

text: This

text: law

text: turned

text: the

text: National

text: Advisory

text: Committee

text: on

text: Aeronautics

text: into

text: the

text: National

text: Aeronautics

text: and

text: Space

text: Administration

text: NASA

text: It

text: also

text: created

text: a

text: Civilian

text: Military

text: Liaison

text: Committee

text: chaired

text: by

text: the

text: President

text: responsible

text: for

text: coordinating

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: civilian

text: and

text: military

text: space

text: programs

question: Who was the Senate's Majority Leader in 1958?

answer: Lyndon B. Johnson

text: Lyndon B. Johnson

question: The National Aeronautics and Space Act was established in what year?

answer: 1958

question: What was NASA called before it became NASA?

answer: National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics

text: National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics

question: The first US satellite was launched on what date?

answer: April 2, 1958

text: April 2, 1958


text: The first legal steps taken to end the occurrence of child labour was enacted more than fifty years ago. In 1966, the nation adopted the UN General Assembly of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. This act legally limited the minimum age for when children could start work at the age of 14. But 23 years later in 1989 the Convention on the Rights of Children was adopted and helped to reduce the exploitation of children and demanded safe working environments. They all worked towards the goal of ending the most problematic forms of child labour.

title: Child_labour

title: Child_labour

text: The

text: first

text: legal

text: steps

text: taken

text: to

text: end

text: the

text: occurrence

text: of

text: child

text: labour

text: was

text: enacted

text: more

text: than

text: fifty

text: years

text: ago

text: In

text: the

text: nation

text: adopted

text: the

text: UN

text: General

text: Assembly

text: of

text: the

text: International

text: Covenant

text: on

text: Economic

text: Social

text: and

text: Cultural

text: Rights

text: This

text: act

text: legally

text: limited

text: the

text: minimum

text: age

text: for

text: when

text: children

text: could

text: start

text: work

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: But

text: years

text: later

text: in

text: the

text: Convention

text: on

text: the

text: Rights

text: of

text: Children

text: was

text: adopted

text: and

text: helped

text: to

text: reduce

text: the

text: exploitation

text: of

text: children

text: and

text: demanded

text: safe

text: working

text: environments

text: They

text: all

text: worked

text: towards

text: the

text: goal

text: of

text: ending

text: the

text: most

text: problematic

text: forms

text: of

text: child

text: labour

question: When was the UN General Assembly of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights enacted?

answer: 1966

question: What did this act due?

answer: legally limited the minimum age for when children could start work at the age of 14

text: legally limited the minimum age for when children could start work at the age of 14

question: When were safe working environments legislation adopted for child labourers?

answer: 1989

question: What did it help do to?

answer: helped to reduce the exploitation of children

text: helped to reduce the exploitation of children


text: The city is home to New Haven Promise, a scholarship funded by Yale University for students who meet the requirements. Students must be enrolled in a public high school (charters included) for four years, be a resident of the city during that time, carry a 3.0 cumulative grade-point average, have a 90-percent attendance rate and perform 40 hours of service to the city. The initiative was launched in 2010 and there are currently more than 500 Scholars enrolled in qualifying Connecticut colleges and universities. There are more than 60 cities in the country that have a Promise-type program for their students.

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

title: New_Haven,_Connecticut

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: New

text: Haven

text: Promise

text: a

text: scholarship

text: funded

text: by

text: Yale

text: University

text: for

text: students

text: who

text: meet

text: the

text: requirements

text: Students

text: must

text: be

text: enrolled

text: in

text: a

text: public

text: high

text: school

text: charters

text: included

text: for

text: four

text: years

text: be

text: a

text: resident

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: during

text: that

text: time

text: carry

text: a

text: cumulative

text: grade

text: point

text: average

text: have

text: a

text: attendance

text: rate

text: and

text: perform

text: hours

text: of

text: service

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: initiative

text: was

text: launched

text: in

text: and

text: there

text: are

text: currently

text: more

text: than

text: Scholars

text: enrolled

text: in

text: qualifying

text: Connecticut

text: colleges

text: and

text: universities

text: There

text: are

text: more

text: than

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: that

text: have

text: a

text: Promise

text: type

text: program

text: for

text: their

text: students

question: What scholarship is awarded in New Haven by Yale University to public school students meeting specified criteria?

answer: New Haven Promise

text: New Haven Promise

question: What is the cumulative GPA necessary for a student to be eligible for the New Haven Promise scholarship?

answer: 3.0

question: How many hours of community service must a student perform in order to be eligible for the New Haven Promise scholarship?

answer: 40 hours

text: 40 hours

question: What is the minimum attendance rate for a student to be eligible for the New Haven Promise Scholarship?

answer: 90-percent

question: In what year was the New Haven Promise scholarship initiated?

answer: 2010

question: What is the name of the scholarship is funded by Yale?

answer: New Haven Promise

text: New Haven Promise

question: In terms of requirement what sort of service would one needs to fulfilled in order to apply?

answer: 40 hours of service to the city.

text: 40 hours of service to the city.

question: When did the scholar project begin?

answer: 2010

question: Currently how many students total have been approve by the program?

answer: more than 500 Scholars

text: more than 500 Scholars


text: Despite yet another offer from the Institute for Advanced Study, Feynman rejected the Institute on the grounds that there were no teaching duties: Feynman felt that students were a source of inspiration and teaching was a diversion during uncreative spells. Because of this, the Institute for Advanced Study and Princeton University jointly offered him a package whereby he could teach at the university and also be at the institute.[citation needed] Feynman instead accepted an offer from the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)—and as he says in his book Surely You're Joking Mr. Feynman!—because a desire to live in a mild climate had firmly fixed itself in his mind while he was installing tire chains on his car in the middle of a snowstorm in Ithaca.

title: Richard_Feynman

title: Richard_Feynman

text: Despite

text: yet

text: another

text: offer

text: from

text: the

text: Institute

text: for

text: Advanced

text: Study

text: Feynman

text: rejected

text: the

text: Institute

text: on

text: the

text: grounds

text: that

text: there

text: were

text: no

text: teaching

text: duties

text: Feynman

text: felt

text: that

text: students

text: were

text: a

text: source

text: of

text: inspiration

text: and

text: teaching

text: was

text: a

text: diversion

text: during

text: uncreative

text: spells

text: Because

text: of

text: this

text: the

text: Institute

text: for

text: Advanced

text: Study

text: and

text: Princeton

text: University

text: jointly

text: offered

text: him

text: a

text: package

text: whereby

text: he

text: could

text: teach

text: at

text: the

text: university

text: and

text: also

text: be

text: at

text: the

text: institute.[citation

text: needed

text: Feynman

text: instead

text: accepted

text: an

text: offer

text: from

text: the

text: California

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: Caltech)—and

text: as

text: he

text: says

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: Surely

text: You

text: 're

text: Joking

text: Mr.

text: Feynman!—because

text: a

text: desire

text: to

text: live

text: in

text: a

text: mild

text: climate

text: had

text: firmly

text: fixed

text: itself

text: in

text: his

text: mind

text: while

text: he

text: was

text: installing

text: tire

text: chains

text: on

text: his

text: car

text: in

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: a

text: snowstorm

text: in

text: Ithaca

question: Why did Feynman decide to turn down an offer from the Institute of Advanced Study?

answer: no teaching duties

text: no teaching duties

question: Where did Feynman receive much inspiration?

answer: students

text: students

question: The  Institute of Advanced Study and which other university colluded together to get Feynman a position?

answer: Princeton University

text: Princeton University

question: Ultimately Feynman decided to take a job at which college?

answer: California Institute of Technology

text: California Institute of Technology

question: In which city did Feynman find himself affixing tire chains?

answer: Ithaca

text: Ithaca

question: Why did Feynman decide to accept all offers from the Institute of Advanced Study?

text: no teaching duties

question: Where did Feynman receive no inspiration?

text: students

question: What university forbid Feynman from being on campus?

text: Princeton University

question: What college did Feynman end up living in?

question: Which city did Feynman get lost in after affixing tire chains?

text: Ithaca


text: Because of the distance of Neptune from Earth, its angular diameter only ranges from 2.2 to 2.4 arcseconds, the smallest of the Solar System planets. Its small apparent size makes it challenging to study it visually. Most telescopic data was fairly limited until the advent of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and large ground-based telescopes with adaptive optics (AO). The first scientifically useful observation of Neptune from ground-based telescopes using adaptive optics, was commenced in 1997 from Hawaii. Neptune is currently entering its spring and summer season and has been shown to be heating up, with increased atmospheric activity and brightness as a consequence. Combined with technological advancements, ground-based telescopes with adaptive optics are recording increasingly more detailed images of this Outer Planet. Both the HST and AO telescopes on Earth has made many new discoveries within the Solar System since the mid-1990s, with a large increase in the number of known satellites and moons around the Outer Planets for example. In 2004 and 2005, five new small satellites of Neptune with diameters between 38 and 61 kilometres were discovered.

title: Neptune

title: Neptune

text: Because

text: of

text: the

text: distance

text: of

text: Neptune

text: from

text: Earth

text: its

text: angular

text: diameter

text: only

text: ranges

text: from

text: to

text: arcseconds

text: the

text: smallest

text: of

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: planets

text: Its

text: small

text: apparent

text: size

text: makes

text: it

text: challenging

text: to

text: study

text: it

text: visually

text: Most

text: telescopic

text: data

text: was

text: fairly

text: limited

text: until

text: the

text: advent

text: of

text: Hubble

text: Space

text: Telescope

text: HST

text: and

text: large

text: ground

text: based

text: telescopes

text: with

text: adaptive

text: optics

text: AO

text: The

text: first

text: scientifically

text: useful

text: observation

text: of

text: Neptune

text: from

text: ground

text: based

text: telescopes

text: using

text: adaptive

text: optics

text: was

text: commenced

text: in

text: from

text: Hawaii

text: Neptune

text: is

text: currently

text: entering

text: its

text: spring

text: and

text: summer

text: season

text: and

text: has

text: been

text: shown

text: to

text: be

text: heating

text: up

text: with

text: increased

text: atmospheric

text: activity

text: and

text: brightness

text: as

text: a

text: consequence

text: Combined

text: with

text: technological

text: advancements

text: ground

text: based

text: telescopes

text: with

text: adaptive

text: optics

text: are

text: recording

text: increasingly

text: more

text: detailed

text: images

text: of

text: this

text: Outer

text: Planet

text: Both

text: the

text: HST

text: and

text: AO

text: telescopes

text: on

text: Earth

text: has

text: made

text: many

text: new

text: discoveries

text: within

text: the

text: Solar

text: System

text: since

text: the

text: with

text: a

text: large

text: increase

text: in

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: known

text: satellites

text: and

text: moons

text: around

text: the

text: Outer

text: Planets

text: for

text: example

text: In

text: and

text: five

text: new

text: small

text: satellites

text: of

text: Neptune

text: with

text: diameters

text: between

text: and

text: kilometres

text: were

text: discovered

question: What is Neptune's angular diameter range?

answer: 2.2 to 2.4 arcseconds

text: 2.2 to 2.4 arcseconds

question: The advent of what telescope made it easier to study Neptune?

answer: Hubble Space Telescope

text: Hubble Space Telescope

question: When was the first useful observation of Neptune from the ground?

answer: 1997

question: What seasons are Neptune currently entering?

answer: spring and summer

text: spring and summer

question: What was discovered around Neptune in 2004 and 2005?

answer: five new small satellites

text: five new small satellites

question: What is Neptune's angular height?

text: 2.2 to 2.4 arcseconds

question: The advent of what telescope made it easier to study Jupiter?

text: Hubble Space Telescope

question: What happened in 1978?

question: What seasons are Uranus currently entering?

text: spring and summer season

question: What was discovered around Neptune in 2008 and 2009?

text: five new small satellites


text: The term "Immersive app" had been used internally by Microsoft developers to refer to the apps prior to the first official presentation of Windows 8, after which they were referred to as "Metro-style apps" in reference to the Metro design language. The term was phased out in August 2012; a Microsoft spokesperson denied rumors that the change was related to a potential trademark issue, and stated that "Metro" was only a codename that would be replaced prior to Windows 8's release. Following these reports, the terms "Modern UI-style apps", "Windows 8-style apps" and "Windows Store apps" began to be used by various Microsoft documents and material to refer to the new apps. In an interview on September 12, 2012, Soma Somasegar (vice president of Microsoft's development software division) confirmed that "Windows Store apps" would be the official term for the apps. An MSDN page explaining the Metro design language uses the term "Modern design" to refer to the language as a whole.

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: The

text: term

text: Immersive

text: app

text: had

text: been

text: used

text: internally

text: by

text: Microsoft

text: developers

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: apps

text: prior

text: to

text: the

text: first

text: official

text: presentation

text: of

text: Windows

text: after

text: which

text: they

text: were

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Metro

text: style

text: apps

text: in

text: reference

text: to

text: the

text: Metro

text: design

text: language

text: The

text: term

text: was

text: phased

text: out

text: in

text: August

text: a

text: Microsoft

text: spokesperson

text: denied

text: rumors

text: that

text: the

text: change

text: was

text: related

text: to

text: a

text: potential

text: trademark

text: issue

text: and

text: stated

text: that

text: Metro

text: was

text: only

text: a

text: codename

text: that

text: would

text: be

text: replaced

text: prior

text: to

text: Windows

text: 's

text: release

text: Following

text: these

text: reports

text: the

text: terms

text: Modern

text: UI

text: style

text: apps

text: Windows

text: apps

text: and

text: Windows

text: Store

text: apps

text: began

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: by

text: various

text: Microsoft

text: documents

text: and

text: material

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: new

text: apps

text: In

text: an

text: interview

text: on

text: September

text: Soma

text: Somasegar

text: vice

text: president

text: of

text: Microsoft

text: 's

text: development

text: software

text: division

text: confirmed

text: that

text: Windows

text: Store

text: apps

text: would

text: be

text: the

text: official

text: term

text: for

text: the

text: apps

text: An

text: MSDN

text: page

text: explaining

text: the

text: Metro

text: design

text: language

text: uses

text: the

text: term

text: Modern

text: design

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: language

text: as

text: a

text: whole

question: What does immersive app stand for?

answer: the apps prior to the first official presentation of Windows 8

text: the apps prior to the first official presentation of Windows 8

question: What are apps after the introduction of Windows 8 called?

answer: Metro-style apps

text: Metro-style apps

question: Who is Soma Somasegar?

answer: vice president of Microsoft's development software division

text: vice president of Microsoft's development software division

question: When did Windows Store apps become the real term for the apps?

answer: September 12, 2012

text: September 12, 2012

question: What does unimmersive app stand for?

question: What doesn't immersive app stand for?

question: What are apps after the introduction of Windows 9 called?

text: Metro-style apps

question: Who is Noma Somasegar?

question: When didn't Windows Store apps become the real term for the apps?

text: September 12, 2012


text: More than half of habitat for listed species is on non-federal property, owned by citizens, states, local governments, tribal governments and private organizations. Before the law was amended in 1982, a listed species could be taken only for scientific or research purposes. The amendment created a permit process to circumvent the take prohibition called a Habitat Conservation Plan or HCP to give incentives to non-federal land managers and private landowners to help protect listed and unlisted species, while allowing economic development that may harm ("take") the species.

title: Endangered_Species_Act

title: Endangered_Species_Act

text: More

text: than

text: half

text: of

text: habitat

text: for

text: listed

text: species

text: is

text: on

text: non

text: federal

text: property

text: owned

text: by

text: citizens

text: states

text: local

text: governments

text: tribal

text: governments

text: and

text: private

text: organizations

text: Before

text: the

text: law

text: was

text: amended

text: in

text: a

text: listed

text: species

text: could

text: be

text: taken

text: only

text: for

text: scientific

text: or

text: research

text: purposes

text: The

text: amendment

text: created

text: a

text: permit

text: process

text: to

text: circumvent

text: the

text: take

text: prohibition

text: called

text: a

text: Habitat

text: Conservation

text: Plan

text: or

text: HCP

text: to

text: give

text: incentives

text: to

text: non

text: federal

text: land

text: managers

text: and

text: private

text: landowners

text: to

text: help

text: protect

text: listed

text: and

text: unlisted

text: species

text: while

text: allowing

text: economic

text: development

text: that

text: may

text: harm

text: take

text: the

text: species

question: Who owns the majority of critical habitat?

answer: non-federal property, owned by citizens, states, local governments, tribal governments and private organizations

text: non-federal property, owned by citizens, states, local governments, tribal governments and private organizations

question: What program gives incentives to private landowners to protect species on their land?

answer: Habitat Conservation Plan

text: Habitat Conservation Plan

question: Before the amendment in 1982, under what situations could a listed species be displaced?

answer: only for scientific or research purposes

text: only for scientific or research purposes

question: What fraction of habitat for listed species is owned by citizens?

text: More than half

question: Who created the 1982 amendment?

text: Habitat Conservation Plan or HCP

question: When was it decided species could be taken for scientific purposes?

question: What purpose does the HCP state listed species cannot be taken for?

text: scientific or research purposes

question: What can economic development not do under HCP?

text: harm ("take") the species


text: Muslim rule started in parts of north India in the 13th century when the Delhi Sultanate was founded in 1206 CE by the Central Asian Turks. The Delhi Sultanate ruled the major part of northern India in the early 14th century, but declined in the late 14th century when several powerful Hindu states such as the Vijayanagara Empire, Gajapati Kingdom, Ahom Kingdom, as well as Rajput dynasties and states, such as Mewar dynasty, emerged. The 15th century saw the emergence of Sikhism. In the 16th century, Mughals came from Central Asia and gradually covered most of India. The Mughal Empire suffered a gradual decline in the early 18th century, which provided opportunities for the Maratha Empire, Sikh Empire and Mysore Kingdom to exercise control over large areas of the subcontinent.

title: History_of_India

title: History_of_India

text: Muslim

text: rule

text: started

text: in

text: parts

text: of

text: north

text: India

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: when

text: the

text: Delhi

text: Sultanate

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: CE

text: by

text: the

text: Central

text: Asian

text: Turks

text: The

text: Delhi

text: Sultanate

text: ruled

text: the

text: major

text: part

text: of

text: northern

text: India

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: but

text: declined

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: when

text: several

text: powerful

text: Hindu

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Vijayanagara

text: Empire

text: Gajapati

text: Kingdom

text: Ahom

text: Kingdom

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Rajput

text: dynasties

text: and

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: Mewar

text: dynasty

text: emerged

text: The

text: century

text: saw

text: the

text: emergence

text: of

text: Sikhism

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: Mughals

text: came

text: from

text: Central

text: Asia

text: and

text: gradually

text: covered

text: most

text: of

text: India

text: The

text: Mughal

text: Empire

text: suffered

text: a

text: gradual

text: decline

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: which

text: provided

text: opportunities

text: for

text: the

text: Maratha

text: Empire

text: Sikh

text: Empire

text: and

text: Mysore

text: Kingdom

text: to

text: exercise

text: control

text: over

text: large

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: subcontinent

question: What group founded the Delhi Sultanate in the 13th century?

answer: Central Asian Turks

text: Central Asian Turks

question: When did the Delhi Sultanate decline in its rule of northern India?

answer: late 14th century

text: late 14th century

question: What belief system began in the 15th century?

answer: Sikhism

text: Sikhism

question: What empire covered most of India in the 16th century?

answer: Mughal Empire

text: Mughal Empire

question: During what century did the Mughal empire decline?

answer: early 18th century

text: early 18th century


text: In 2010 there was an attempt to register a 51st State Party with the New Zealand Electoral Commission. The party advocates New Zealand becoming the 51st state of the United States of America. The party's secretary is Paulus Telfer, a former Christchurch mayoral candidate. On February 5, 2010, the party applied to register a logo with the Electoral Commission. The logo – a US flag with 51 stars – was rejected by the Electoral Commission on the grounds that it was likely to cause confusion or mislead electors. As of 2014[update], the party remains unregistered and cannot appear on a ballot.

title: 51st_state

title: 51st_state

text: In

text: there

text: was

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: register

text: a

text: State

text: Party

text: with

text: the

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Electoral

text: Commission

text: The

text: party

text: advocates

text: New

text: Zealand

text: becoming

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: of

text: America

text: The

text: party

text: 's

text: secretary

text: is

text: Paulus

text: Telfer

text: a

text: former

text: Christchurch

text: mayoral

text: candidate

text: On

text: February

text: the

text: party

text: applied

text: to

text: register

text: a

text: logo

text: with

text: the

text: Electoral

text: Commission

text: The

text: logo

text: a

text: US

text: flag

text: with

text: stars

text: was

text: rejected

text: by

text: the

text: Electoral

text: Commission

text: on

text: the

text: grounds

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: likely

text: to

text: cause

text: confusion

text: or

text: mislead

text: electors

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: party

text: remains

text: unregistered

text: and

text: can

text: not

text: appear

text: on

text: a

text: ballot

question: When did the 51st State Party attempt to register in New Zealand?

answer: 2010

question: What does the 51st State Party advocate?

answer: The party advocates New Zealand becoming the 51st state of the United States of America

text: The party advocates New Zealand becoming the 51st state of the United States of America

question: Who is the secretary of the 51st State Party?

answer: Paulus Telfer

text: Paulus Telfer

question: Can people in New Zealand vote for the 51st State Party?

answer: the party remains unregistered and cannot appear on a ballot.

text: the party remains unregistered and cannot appear on a ballot.

question: When did the 51st State Party attempt to register with Paulus Telfer?

question: What does the Electoral Commission Party advocate?

question: Who is the secretary of the Electoral Commission?

text: Paulus Telfer

question: Can people in New Zealand vote for the Electoral Commission Party?

question: What is the logo of the Electoral Commission Party?

text: a US flag with 51 stars


text: Adherents of different religions generally disagree as to how to best worship God and what is God's plan for mankind, if there is one. There are different approaches to reconciling the contradictory claims of monotheistic religions. One view is taken by exclusivists, who believe they are the chosen people or have exclusive access to absolute truth, generally through revelation or encounter with the Divine, which adherents of other religions do not. Another view is religious pluralism. A pluralist typically believes that his religion is the right one, but does not deny the partial truth of other religions. An example of a pluralist view in Christianity is supersessionism, i.e., the belief that one's religion is the fulfillment of previous religions. A third approach is relativistic inclusivism, where everybody is seen as equally right; an example being universalism: the doctrine that salvation is eventually available for everyone. A fourth approach is syncretism, mixing different elements from different religions. An example of syncretism is the New Age movement.

title: God

title: God

text: Adherents

text: of

text: different

text: religions

text: generally

text: disagree

text: as

text: to

text: how

text: to

text: best

text: worship

text: God

text: and

text: what

text: is

text: God

text: 's

text: plan

text: for

text: mankind

text: if

text: there

text: is

text: one

text: There

text: are

text: different

text: approaches

text: to

text: reconciling

text: the

text: contradictory

text: claims

text: of

text: monotheistic

text: religions

text: One

text: view

text: is

text: taken

text: by

text: exclusivists

text: who

text: believe

text: they

text: are

text: the

text: chosen

text: people

text: or

text: have

text: exclusive

text: access

text: to

text: absolute

text: truth

text: generally

text: through

text: revelation

text: or

text: encounter

text: with

text: the

text: Divine

text: which

text: adherents

text: of

text: other

text: religions

text: do

text: not

text: Another

text: view

text: is

text: religious

text: pluralism

text: A

text: pluralist

text: typically

text: believes

text: that

text: his

text: religion

text: is

text: the

text: right

text: one

text: but

text: does

text: not

text: deny

text: the

text: partial

text: truth

text: of

text: other

text: religions

text: An

text: example

text: of

text: a

text: pluralist

text: view

text: in

text: Christianity

text: is

text: supersessionism

text: i.e.

text: the

text: belief

text: that

text: one

text: 's

text: religion

text: is

text: the

text: fulfillment

text: of

text: previous

text: religions

text: A

text: third

text: approach

text: is

text: relativistic

text: inclusivism

text: where

text: everybody

text: is

text: seen

text: as

text: equally

text: right

text: an

text: example

text: being

text: universalism

text: the

text: doctrine

text: that

text: salvation

text: is

text: eventually

text: available

text: for

text: everyone

text: A

text: fourth

text: approach

text: is

text: syncretism

text: mixing

text: different

text: elements

text: from

text: different

text: religions

text: An

text: example

text: of

text: syncretism

text: is

text: the

text: New

text: Age

text: movement

question: Who believe they are the one and only chosen few?

answer: exclusivists

text: exclusivists

question: Who believe that they are the only people that know the truth?

answer: exclusivists

text: exclusivists

question: What is one called that believes he has the one religion, but that the others aren't necessarily wrong?

answer: pluralism

text: pluralism

question: What is it called when someone belives that their own religion is an advancement of older religions?

answer: supersessionism

text: supersessionism

question: What is a religion that believes that all religions are correct?

answer: universalism

text: universalism

question: What is one thing exclusivists don't have that Christians do?

question: What is an example of syncretism in Christianity?

text: supersessionism

question: What does a pluralist believe that is eventually available to all?

text: salvation

question: What does the New Age movement believe they have exclusive access to?

text: absolute truth

question: How does the New Age movement believe it has access to absolute truth??


text: In the inter-war years and after 1940, Hugh Dowding, Air Officer Commanding Fighter Command has received credit for the defence of British air space and the failure of the Luftwaffe to achieve air superiority. However, Dowding had spent so much effort preparing day fighter defences, there was little to prevent the Germans carrying out an alternative strategy by bombing at night. When the Luftwaffe struck at British cities for the first time on 7 September 1940, a number of civic and political leaders were worried by Dowding's apparent lack of reaction to the new crisis.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: In

text: the

text: inter

text: war

text: years

text: and

text: after

text: Hugh

text: Dowding

text: Air

text: Officer

text: Commanding

text: Fighter

text: Command

text: has

text: received

text: credit

text: for

text: the

text: defence

text: of

text: British

text: air

text: space

text: and

text: the

text: failure

text: of

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: to

text: achieve

text: air

text: superiority

text: However

text: Dowding

text: had

text: spent

text: so

text: much

text: effort

text: preparing

text: day

text: fighter

text: defences

text: there

text: was

text: little

text: to

text: prevent

text: the

text: Germans

text: carrying

text: out

text: an

text: alternative

text: strategy

text: by

text: bombing

text: at

text: night

text: When

text: the

text: Luftwaffe

text: struck

text: at

text: British

text: cities

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: on

text: September

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: civic

text: and

text: political

text: leaders

text: were

text: worried

text: by

text: Dowding

text: 's

text: apparent

text: lack

text: of

text: reaction

text: to

text: the

text: new

text: crisis

question: Who was the Air Officer Commanding Fighter Command after 1940?

answer: Hugh Dowding

text: Hugh Dowding

question: What credit did Dowding receive?

answer: defence of British air space

text: defence of British air space

question: What strategy could the German's have used instead of day raids?

answer: bombing at night

text: bombing at night

question: Why were civic and political leaders worried about Dowdings?

answer: lack of reaction to the new crisis

text: lack of reaction to the new crisis


text: In addition to the Dean and canons, there are at present two full-time minor canons, one is precentor, and the other is sacrist. The office of Priest Vicar was created in the 1970s for those who assist the minor canons. Together with the clergy and Receiver General and Chapter Clerk, various lay officers constitute the college, including the Organist and Master of the Choristers, the Registrar, the Auditor, the Legal Secretary, the Surveyor of the Fabric, the Head Master of the choir school, the Keeper of the Muniments and the Clerk of the Works, as well as 12 lay vicars, 10 choristers and the High Steward and High Bailiff.

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: Dean

text: and

text: canons

text: there

text: are

text: at

text: present

text: two

text: full

text: time

text: minor

text: canons

text: one

text: is

text: precentor

text: and

text: the

text: other

text: is

text: sacrist

text: The

text: office

text: of

text: Priest

text: Vicar

text: was

text: created

text: in

text: the

text: for

text: those

text: who

text: assist

text: the

text: minor

text: canons

text: Together

text: with

text: the

text: clergy

text: and

text: Receiver

text: General

text: and

text: Chapter

text: Clerk

text: various

text: lay

text: officers

text: constitute

text: the

text: college

text: including

text: the

text: Organist

text: and

text: Master

text: of

text: the

text: Choristers

text: the

text: Registrar

text: the

text: Auditor

text: the

text: Legal

text: Secretary

text: the

text: Surveyor

text: of

text: the

text: Fabric

text: the

text: Head

text: Master

text: of

text: the

text: choir

text: school

text: the

text: Keeper

text: of

text: the

text: Muniments

text: and

text: the

text: Clerk

text: of

text: the

text: Works

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: lay

text: vicars

text: choristers

text: and

text: the

text: High

text: Steward

text: and

text: High

text: Bailiff

question: How many lay vicars are there?

answer: 12

question: How many choristers are there at the abbey?

answer: 10

question: When was the office of Priest Vicar created?

answer: 1970s

question: How many lay vicars aren't there?

question: How many lay singers are there?

question: How many choristers aren't there at the abbey?

question: When wasn't the office of Priest Vicar created?

question: When was the office of Priest Vicar destroyed?


text: Min Nan texts, all Hokkien, can be dated back to the 16th century. One example is the Doctrina Christiana en letra y lengua china, presumably written after 1587 by the Spanish Dominicans in the Philippines. Another is a Ming Dynasty script of a play called Romance of the Lychee Mirror (1566), supposedly the earliest Southern Min colloquial text. Xiamen University has also developed an alphabet based on Pinyin, which has been published in a dictionary called the Minnan Fangyan-Putonghua Cidian (閩南方言普通話詞典) and a language teaching book, which is used to teach the language to foreigners and Chinese non-speakers. It is known as Pumindian.

title: Hokkien

title: Hokkien

text: Min

text: texts

text: all

text: Hokkien

text: can

text: be

text: dated

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: One

text: example

text: is

text: the

text: Doctrina

text: Christiana

text: en

text: letra

text: y

text: lengua

text: china

text: presumably

text: written

text: after

text: by

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Dominicans

text: in

text: the

text: Philippines

text: Another

text: is

text: a

text: Ming

text: Dynasty

text: script

text: of

text: a

text: play

text: called

text: Romance

text: of

text: the

text: Lychee

text: Mirror

text: supposedly

text: the

text: earliest

text: Southern

text: Min

text: colloquial

text: text

text: Xiamen

text: University

text: has

text: also

text: developed

text: an

text: alphabet

text: based

text: on

text: Pinyin

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: published

text: in

text: a

text: dictionary

text: called

text: the

text: Minnan

text: Fangyan

text: Putonghua

text: Cidian

text: 閩南方言普通話詞典

text: and

text: a

text: language

text: teaching

text: book

text: which

text: is

text: used

text: to

text: teach

text: the

text: language

text: to

text: foreigners

text: and

text: Chinese

text: non

text: speakers

text: It

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: Pumindian

question: When can Min Nan texts be dated back to?

answer: the 16th century

text: the 16th century

question: What is an example of the Min Nan Texts?

answer: Doctrina Christiana en letra y lengua china

text: Doctrina Christiana en letra y lengua china

question: What year was Doctrina Christiana en letra y lengua china written?

answer: after 1587

text: after 1587

question: Who wrote Doctrina Christiana en letra y lengua china?

answer: Spanish Dominicans in the Philippines

text: Spanish Dominicans in the Philippines

question: What is the name of the earliest Southern Min colloquial text?

answer: Romance of the Lychee Mirror

text: Romance of the Lychee Mirror

question: Who has developed an alphabet based on Pumindian?

text: Xiamen University

question: Where has the alphabet based on the Ming Dynasty script been published?

question: What is an example of the Pumindian texts?

question: After 1587 who wrote the Pumindian?

question: When was the play Minnan Fangyan-Putonghua Cidian written?


text: On October 31, 2013, after outcry from media outlets, including heavy criticism  from Nick Bilton of The New York Times, the FAA announced it will allow airlines to expand the passengers use of portable electronic devices during all phases of flight, but mobile phone calls will still be prohibited. Implementation will vary among airlines. The FAA expects many carriers to show that their planes allow passengers to safely use their devices in airplane mode, gate-to-gate, by the end of 2013. Devices must be held or put in the seat-back pocket during the actual takeoff and landing. Mobile phones must be in airplane mode or with mobile service disabled, with no signal bars displayed, and cannot be used for voice communications due to Federal Communications Commission regulations that prohibit any airborne calls using mobile phones. If an air carrier provides Wi-Fi service during flight, passengers may use it. Short-range Bluetooth accessories, like wireless keyboards, can also be used.

title: Federal_Aviation_Administration

title: Federal_Aviation_Administration

text: On

text: October

text: after

text: outcry

text: from

text: media

text: outlets

text: including

text: heavy

text: criticism

text: from

text: Nick

text: Bilton

text: of

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: Times

text: the

text: FAA

text: announced

text: it

text: will

text: allow

text: airlines

text: to

text: expand

text: the

text: passengers

text: use

text: of

text: portable

text: electronic

text: devices

text: during

text: all

text: phases

text: of

text: flight

text: but

text: mobile

text: phone

text: calls

text: will

text: still

text: be

text: prohibited

text: Implementation

text: will

text: vary

text: among

text: airlines

text: The

text: FAA

text: expects

text: many

text: carriers

text: to

text: show

text: that

text: their

text: planes

text: allow

text: passengers

text: to

text: safely

text: use

text: their

text: devices

text: in

text: airplane

text: mode

text: gate

text: to

text: gate

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: Devices

text: must

text: be

text: held

text: or

text: put

text: in

text: the

text: seat

text: back

text: pocket

text: during

text: the

text: actual

text: takeoff

text: and

text: landing

text: Mobile

text: phones

text: must

text: be

text: in

text: airplane

text: mode

text: or

text: with

text: mobile

text: service

text: disabled

text: with

text: no

text: signal

text: bars

text: displayed

text: and

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: used

text: for

text: voice

text: communications

text: due

text: to

text: Federal

text: Communications

text: Commission

text: regulations

text: that

text: prohibit

text: any

text: airborne

text: calls

text: using

text: mobile

text: phones

text: If

text: an

text: air

text: carrier

text: provides

text: Wi

text: Fi

text: service

text: during

text: flight

text: passengers

text: may

text: use

text: it

text: Short

text: range

text: Bluetooth

text: accessories

text: like

text: wireless

text: keyboards

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: used

question: When did the FAA decide to expand passengers use of portable elctronic devices during all phases of flight?

answer: October 31, 2013

text: October 31, 2013

question: What mode must mobile phones be put into?

answer: airplane mode

text: airplane mode

question: What phases of flight will passengers be able to use electronic devices?

answer: all phases

text: all phases

question: Where must devices be put during actual takeoff and landing?

answer: seat-back pocket

text: seat-back pocket

question: Are short-range bluetooth accessories able to be used?

answer: can also be used.

text: can also be used.

question: When did the FAA begin to allow mobile phone calls during flights?

text: October 31, 2013

question: What paper criticized Nick Bilton?

text: The New York Times

question: Who made regulations that phones must not be in airplane mode, with mobile service enabled and bars displayed?

text: Federal Communications Commission

question: What must be in back pants pocket during takeoff and landing?

text: Devices


text: The redevelopment of the city was planned by Sir Patrick Abercrombie in his 1943 Plan for Plymouth whilst simultaneously working on the reconstruction plan for London. Between 1951 and 1957 over 1000 homes were completed every year mostly using innovative prefabricated systems of just three main types; by 1964 over 20,000 new homes had been built transforming the dense overcrowded and unsanitary slums of the pre-war city into a low density, dispersed suburbia. Most of the city centre shops had been destroyed and those that remained were cleared to enable a zoned reconstruction according to his plan. In 1962 the modernist high rise of the Civic Centre was constructed, an architecturally significant example of mid twentieth century civic slab-and-tower set piece allowed to fall into disrepair by its owner Plymouth City Council but recently grade II listed by English Heritage to prevent its demolition.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: The

text: redevelopment

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: planned

text: by

text: Sir

text: Patrick

text: Abercrombie

text: in

text: his

text: Plan

text: for

text: Plymouth

text: whilst

text: simultaneously

text: working

text: on

text: the

text: reconstruction

text: plan

text: for

text: London

text: Between

text: and

text: over

text: homes

text: were

text: completed

text: every

text: year

text: mostly

text: using

text: innovative

text: prefabricated

text: systems

text: of

text: just

text: three

text: main

text: types

text: by

text: over

text: new

text: homes

text: had

text: been

text: built

text: transforming

text: the

text: dense

text: overcrowded

text: and

text: unsanitary

text: slums

text: of

text: the

text: pre

text: war

text: city

text: into

text: a

text: low

text: density

text: dispersed

text: suburbia

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: centre

text: shops

text: had

text: been

text: destroyed

text: and

text: those

text: that

text: remained

text: were

text: cleared

text: to

text: enable

text: a

text: zoned

text: reconstruction

text: according

text: to

text: his

text: plan

text: In

text: the

text: modernist

text: high

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: Civic

text: Centre

text: was

text: constructed

text: an

text: architecturally

text: significant

text: example

text: of

text: mid

text: twentieth

text: century

text: civic

text: slab

text: and

text: tower

text: set

text: piece

text: allowed

text: to

text: fall

text: into

text: disrepair

text: by

text: its

text: owner

text: Plymouth

text: City

text: Council

text: but

text: recently

text: grade

text: II

text: listed

text: by

text: English

text: Heritage

text: to

text: prevent

text: its

text: demolition

question: Who was the author of the 1943 Plan for Plymouth?

answer: Sir Patrick Abercrombie

text: Sir Patrick Abercrombie

question: In the period 1951-1957, how many new houses were constructed yearly in Plymouth?

answer: over 1000

text: over 1000

question: In the postwar period to 1964, how many houses were built in Plymouth?

answer: over 20,000

text: over 20,000

question: When was the Civic Centre built?

answer: 1962

question: What English Heritage status does the Civic Centre possess?

answer: grade II

text: grade II


text: The island experienced large-scale immigration over the 20th century, especially after the Second World War. Bermuda has a diverse population including both those with relatively deep roots in Bermuda extending back for centuries, and newer communities whose ancestry results from recent immigration, especially from Britain, North America, the West Indies, and the Portuguese Atlantic islands (especially the Azores), although these groups are steadily merging. About 46% of the population identified themselves with Bermudian ancestry in 2010, which was a decrease from the 51% who did so in the 2000 census. Those identifying with British ancestry dropped by 1% to 11% (although those born in Britain remain the largest non-native group at 3,942 persons). The number of people born in Canada declined by 13%. Those who reported West Indian ancestry were 13%. The number of people born in the West Indies actually increased by 538. A significant segment of the population is of Portuguese ancestry (10%), the result of immigration over the past 160 years, of whom 79% have residency status.

title: Bermuda

title: Bermuda

text: The

text: island

text: experienced

text: large

text: scale

text: immigration

text: over

text: the

text: century

text: especially

text: after

text: the

text: Second

text: World

text: War

text: Bermuda

text: has

text: a

text: diverse

text: population

text: including

text: both

text: those

text: with

text: relatively

text: deep

text: roots

text: in

text: Bermuda

text: extending

text: back

text: for

text: centuries

text: and

text: newer

text: communities

text: whose

text: ancestry

text: results

text: from

text: recent

text: immigration

text: especially

text: from

text: Britain

text: North

text: America

text: the

text: West

text: Indies

text: and

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: Atlantic

text: islands

text: especially

text: the

text: Azores

text: although

text: these

text: groups

text: are

text: steadily

text: merging

text: About

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: identified

text: themselves

text: with

text: Bermudian

text: ancestry

text: in

text: which

text: was

text: a

text: decrease

text: from

text: the

text: who

text: did

text: so

text: in

text: the

text: census

text: Those

text: identifying

text: with

text: British

text: ancestry

text: dropped

text: by

text: to

text: although

text: those

text: born

text: in

text: Britain

text: remain

text: the

text: largest

text: non

text: native

text: group

text: at

text: persons

text: The

text: number

text: of

text: people

text: born

text: in

text: Canada

text: declined

text: by

text: Those

text: who

text: reported

text: West

text: Indian

text: ancestry

text: were

text: The

text: number

text: of

text: people

text: born

text: in

text: the

text: West

text: Indies

text: actually

text: increased

text: by

text: A

text: significant

text: segment

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: is

text: of

text: Portuguese

text: ancestry

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: immigration

text: over

text: the

text: past

text: years

text: of

text: whom

text: have

text: residency

text: status

question: When did Bermuda have a large amount of people immigrating to it?

answer: 20th century, especially after the Second World War.

text: 20th century, especially after the Second World War.

question: Where are the largest group of non-native people in Bermuda from?

answer: Britain

text: Britain

question: According to census result, there was the greatest decline in people claiming what ancestry?

answer: Bermudian

text: Bermudian

question: Which cultural group can claim 79% residency?

answer: Portuguese

text: Portuguese

question: During what century was the diverse immigration?

text: 20th century

question: What did 46% of the population identify as in 2000?

text: Bermudian ancestry

question: What did 51% of the population identify as in 2010?

text: Bermudian ancestry

question: What group has 3,924 persons?

text: those born in Britain

question: What group of people increased by 583?

text: people born in the West Indies


text: In 2007, the Japanese Buddhist organisation Nipponzan Myohoji decided to build a Peace Pagoda in the city containing Buddha relics. It was inaugurated by the current Dalai Lama.

title: New_Delhi

title: New_Delhi

text: In

text: the

text: Japanese

text: Buddhist

text: organisation

text: Nipponzan

text: Myohoji

text: decided

text: to

text: build

text: a

text: Peace

text: Pagoda

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: containing

text: Buddha

text: relics

text: It

text: was

text: inaugurated

text: by

text: the

text: current

text: Dalai

text: Lama

question: The Nipponzan Myohoji decided to build a Peace Pagoda in new Delhi in what year?

answer: 2007

question: The Peace Pagoda built in New Delhi by the Nipponzan Myohoji contained what type of artifacts?

answer: Buddha relics

text: Buddha relics

question: Which Japanese Buddhist organization built a Peace Pagoda in New Delhi in 2007?

answer: Nipponzan Myohoji

text: Nipponzan Myohoji

question: The Peace Pagoda built in New Delhi by the Nipponzan Myohoji was inaugurated by which prominent figure?

answer: Dalai Lama

text: Dalai Lama

question: What structure did the Nipponzan Myohoji decide to build in New Delhi in 2007?

answer: Peace Pagoda

text: Peace Pagoda


text: IBM started working on a prototype system loosely based on Codd's concepts as System R in the early 1970s. The first version was ready in 1974/5, and work then started on multi-table systems in which the data could be split so that all of the data for a record (some of which is optional) did not have to be stored in a single large "chunk". Subsequent multi-user versions were tested by customers in 1978 and 1979, by which time a standardized query language – SQL[citation needed] – had been added. Codd's ideas were establishing themselves as both workable and superior to CODASYL, pushing IBM to develop a true production version of System R, known as SQL/DS, and, later, Database 2 (DB2).

title: Database

title: Database

text: IBM

text: started

text: working

text: on

text: a

text: prototype

text: system

text: loosely

text: based

text: on

text: Codd

text: 's

text: concepts

text: as

text: System

text: R

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: The

text: first

text: version

text: was

text: ready

text: in

text: and

text: work

text: then

text: started

text: on

text: multi

text: table

text: systems

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: data

text: could

text: be

text: split

text: so

text: that

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: data

text: for

text: a

text: record

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: optional

text: did

text: not

text: have

text: to

text: be

text: stored

text: in

text: a

text: single

text: large

text: chunk

text: Subsequent

text: multi

text: user

text: versions

text: were

text: tested

text: by

text: customers

text: in

text: and

text: by

text: which

text: time

text: a

text: standardized

text: query

text: language

text: SQL[citation

text: needed

text: had

text: been

text: added

text: Codd

text: 's

text: ideas

text: were

text: establishing

text: themselves

text: as

text: both

text: workable

text: and

text: superior

text: to

text: CODASYL

text: pushing

text: IBM

text: to

text: develop

text: a

text: true

text: production

text: version

text: of

text: System

text: R

text: known

text: as

text: SQL

text: DS

text: and

text: later

text: Database

question: What is the system IBM created using Codd's research?

answer: System R

text: System R

question: When was IBM's system released?

answer: 1974/5

question: What did System R work on to change the way data was stored?

answer: multi-table systems

text: multi-table systems

question: When customers first tested IBM's system, what computer language had been added?

answer: SQL

text: SQL

question: What was the name of the database product created by IBM?

answer: SQL/DS, and, later, Database 2 (DB2)

text: SQL/DS, and, later, Database 2 (DB2)

question: What is the system IBM lost using Codd's research?

text: System R

question: When was IBM's system stolen?

question: What did System R avoid to change the way data was stored?

text: multi-table systems

question: When customers first tested IBM's system, what computer language had been removed?

text: SQL

question: What was the name of the database product created by IBN?

text: SQL/DS, and, later, Database 2 (DB2)


text: Another defense that often uses color or shape to deceive potential enemies is mimicry. A number of longhorn beetles (family Cerambycidae) bear a striking resemblance to wasps, which helps them avoid predation even though the beetles are in fact harmless. Batesian and Müllerian mimicry complexes are commonly found in Lepidoptera. Genetic polymorphism and natural selection give rise to otherwise edible species (the mimic) gaining a survival advantage by resembling inedible species (the model). Such a mimicry complex is referred to as Batesian and is most commonly known by the mimicry by the limenitidine Viceroy butterfly of the inedible danaine Monarch. Later research has discovered that the Viceroy is, in fact more toxic than the Monarch and this resemblance should be considered as a case of Müllerian mimicry. In Müllerian mimicry, inedible species, usually within a taxonomic order, find it advantageous to resemble each other so as to reduce the sampling rate by predators who need to learn about the insects' inedibility. Taxa from the toxic genus Heliconius form one of the most well known Müllerian complexes.

title: Insect

title: Insect

text: Another

text: defense

text: that

text: often

text: uses

text: color

text: or

text: shape

text: to

text: deceive

text: potential

text: enemies

text: is

text: mimicry

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: longhorn

text: beetles

text: family

text: Cerambycidae

text: bear

text: a

text: striking

text: resemblance

text: to

text: wasps

text: which

text: helps

text: them

text: avoid

text: predation

text: even

text: though

text: the

text: beetles

text: are

text: in

text: fact

text: harmless

text: Batesian

text: and

text: Müllerian

text: mimicry

text: complexes

text: are

text: commonly

text: found

text: in

text: Lepidoptera

text: Genetic

text: polymorphism

text: and

text: natural

text: selection

text: give

text: rise

text: to

text: otherwise

text: edible

text: species

text: the

text: mimic

text: gaining

text: a

text: survival

text: advantage

text: by

text: resembling

text: inedible

text: species

text: the

text: model

text: Such

text: a

text: mimicry

text: complex

text: is

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: Batesian

text: and

text: is

text: most

text: commonly

text: known

text: by

text: the

text: mimicry

text: by

text: the

text: limenitidine

text: Viceroy

text: butterfly

text: of

text: the

text: inedible

text: danaine

text: Monarch

text: Later

text: research

text: has

text: discovered

text: that

text: the

text: Viceroy

text: is

text: in

text: fact

text: more

text: toxic

text: than

text: the

text: Monarch

text: and

text: this

text: resemblance

text: should

text: be

text: considered

text: as

text: a

text: case

text: of

text: Müllerian

text: mimicry

text: In

text: Müllerian

text: mimicry

text: inedible

text: species

text: usually

text: within

text: a

text: taxonomic

text: order

text: find

text: it

text: advantageous

text: to

text: resemble

text: each

text: other

text: so

text: as

text: to

text: reduce

text: the

text: sampling

text: rate

text: by

text: predators

text: who

text: need

text: to

text: learn

text: about

text: the

text: insects

text: inedibility

text: Taxa

text: from

text: the

text: toxic

text: genus

text: Heliconius

text: form

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: well

text: known

text: Müllerian

text: complexes

question: Mimicry is another type of what kid of strategy?

answer: defense

text: defense

question: Mimicry is used to do what to potential enemies?

answer: deceive

text: deceive

question: Longhorn beetles look similar to what other insect?

answer: wasps

text: wasps

question: Mimicry complexes are usually found where?

answer: in Lepidoptera

text: in Lepidoptera

question: What is a well known Mullerian complex?

answer: Taxa

text: Taxa


text: Comcast has also earned a reputation for being anti-union. According to one of the company's training manuals, "Comcast does not feel union representation is in the best interest of its employees, customers, or shareholders". A dispute in 2004 with CWA, a labor union that represented many employees at Comcast's offices in Beaverton, Oregon, led to allegations of management intimidating workers, requiring them to attend anti-union meetings and unwarranted disciplinary action for union members. In 2011, Comcast received criticism from Writers Guild of America for its policies in regards to unions.

title: Comcast

title: Comcast

text: Comcast

text: has

text: also

text: earned

text: a

text: reputation

text: for

text: being

text: anti

text: union

text: According

text: to

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: training

text: manuals

text: Comcast

text: does

text: not

text: feel

text: union

text: representation

text: is

text: in

text: the

text: best

text: interest

text: of

text: its

text: employees

text: customers

text: or

text: shareholders

text: A

text: dispute

text: in

text: with

text: CWA

text: a

text: labor

text: union

text: that

text: represented

text: many

text: employees

text: at

text: Comcast

text: 's

text: offices

text: in

text: Beaverton

text: Oregon

text: led

text: to

text: allegations

text: of

text: management

text: intimidating

text: workers

text: requiring

text: them

text: to

text: attend

text: anti

text: union

text: meetings

text: and

text: unwarranted

text: disciplinary

text: action

text: for

text: union

text: members

text: In

text: Comcast

text: received

text: criticism

text: from

text: Writers

text: Guild

text: of

text: America

text: for

text: its

text: policies

text: in

text: regards

text: to

text: unions

question: What is Comcast's stance on organized labor?

answer: anti-union

text: anti-union

question: A 2004 labor dispute in what city highlighted Comcast's anti-labor stance?

answer: Beaverton, Oregon

text: Beaverton, Oregon

question: What was one anti-union thing that workers in Beaverton were required to do?

answer: attend anti-union meetings

text: attend anti-union meetings

question: What creative union aired grievances against Comcast in 2011?

answer: Writers Guild of America

text: Writers Guild of America

question: In what internal publication was Comcast's union stance formally enumerated?

answer: one of the company's training manuals

text: one of the company's training manuals

question: Where are the offices for the Writers Guild of America?

text: Beaverton, Oregon

question: What does the initialism CWA stand for?

text: Writers Guild of America

question: What does Comcast believe is best for its employees?

text: union representation

question: What type of meetings did the Writers Guild of America protest?

text: anti-union meetings

question: What company represented Comcast's policies in 2004?

text: CWA


text: The president is the civilian Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States. He has the authority to command them to take appropriate military action in the event of a sudden crisis. However, only the Congress is explicitly granted the power to declare war per se, as well as to raise, fund and maintain the armed forces. Congress also has the duty and authority to prescribe the laws and regulations under which the armed forces operate, such as the Uniform Code of Military Justice, and requires that all Generals and Admirals appointed by the president be confirmed by a majority vote of the Senate before they can assume their office.

title: Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution

text: The

text: president

text: is

text: the

text: civilian

text: Commander

text: in

text: Chief

text: of

text: the

text: Army

text: and

text: Navy

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: He

text: has

text: the

text: authority

text: to

text: command

text: them

text: to

text: take

text: appropriate

text: military

text: action

text: in

text: the

text: event

text: of

text: a

text: sudden

text: crisis

text: However

text: only

text: the

text: Congress

text: is

text: explicitly

text: granted

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: declare

text: war

text: per

text: se

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: to

text: raise

text: fund

text: and

text: maintain

text: the

text: armed

text: forces

text: Congress

text: also

text: has

text: the

text: duty

text: and

text: authority

text: to

text: prescribe

text: the

text: laws

text: and

text: regulations

text: under

text: which

text: the

text: armed

text: forces

text: operate

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Uniform

text: Code

text: of

text: Military

text: Justice

text: and

text: requires

text: that

text: all

text: Generals

text: and

text: Admirals

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: president

text: be

text: confirmed

text: by

text: a

text: majority

text: vote

text: of

text: the

text: Senate

text: before

text: they

text: can

text: assume

text: their

text: office

question: Who is the commander and chief of the Army?

answer: The president

text: The president

question: Who has the power to declare ware?

answer: Congress

text: Congress

question: Who has the responsibility to confirm Generals and Admirals?

answer: the Senate

text: the Senate

question: Who is the Commander in Chief of Congress?

text: president

question: Who is the Commander in Chief of laws and regulations?

text: president

question: Who lacks power to command the miliary take action during crises?

text: president

question: Who lacks authority to make laws to govern the armed forces?

text: Congress

question: Who is the only body with authority to declare majority vote?

text: Congress


text: During the 1890s, the Armenian Revolutionary Federation, commonly known as Dashnaktsutyun, became active within the Ottoman Empire with the aim of unifying the various small groups in the empire that were advocating for reform and defending Armenian villages from massacres that were widespread in some of the Armenian-populated areas of the empire. Dashnaktsutyun members also formed fedayi groups that defended Armenian civilians through armed resistance. The Dashnaks also worked for the wider goal of creating a "free, independent and unified" Armenia, although they sometimes set aside this goal in favor of a more realistic approach, such as advocating autonomy.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: During

text: the

text: the

text: Armenian

text: Revolutionary

text: Federation

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: Dashnaktsutyun

text: became

text: active

text: within

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: with

text: the

text: aim

text: of

text: unifying

text: the

text: various

text: small

text: groups

text: in

text: the

text: empire

text: that

text: were

text: advocating

text: for

text: reform

text: and

text: defending

text: Armenian

text: villages

text: from

text: massacres

text: that

text: were

text: widespread

text: in

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: Armenian

text: populated

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: empire

text: Dashnaktsutyun

text: members

text: also

text: formed

text: fedayi

text: groups

text: that

text: defended

text: Armenian

text: civilians

text: through

text: armed

text: resistance

text: The

text: Dashnaks

text: also

text: worked

text: for

text: the

text: wider

text: goal

text: of

text: creating

text: a

text: free

text: independent

text: and

text: unified

text: Armenia

text: although

text: they

text: sometimes

text: set

text: aside

text: this

text: goal

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: a

text: more

text: realistic

text: approach

text: such

text: as

text: advocating

text: autonomy

question: What is another name for the Armenian Revolutionary Federation?

answer: Dashnaktsutyun

text: Dashnaktsutyun

question: What was the Dashnaks objective?

answer: creating a "free, independent and unified" Armenia

text: creating a "free, independent and unified" Armenia

question: When did the Dashnaktsutyun originate?

answer: 1890s

question: Which Dashnak groups helped protect Armenian citizens?

answer: fedayi

text: fedayi


text: The northern group consists of the keskmurre or central dialect that is also the basis for the standard language, the läänemurre or western dialect, roughly corresponding to Läänemaa and Pärnumaa, the saarte murre (islands') dialect of Saaremaa and Hiiumaa and the idamurre or eastern dialect on the northwestern shore of Lake Peipsi.

title: Estonian_language

title: Estonian_language

text: The

text: northern

text: group

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: keskmurre

text: or

text: central

text: dialect

text: that

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: basis

text: for

text: the

text: standard

text: language

text: the

text: läänemurre

text: or

text: western

text: dialect

text: roughly

text: corresponding

text: to

text: Läänemaa

text: and

text: Pärnumaa

text: the

text: saarte

text: murre

text: islands

text: dialect

text: of

text: Saaremaa

text: and

text: Hiiumaa

text: and

text: the

text: idamurre

text: or

text: eastern

text: dialect

text: on

text: the

text: northwestern

text: shore

text: of

text: Lake

text: Peipsi

question: What dialect is also known as the central dialect?

answer: the keskmurre

text: the keskmurre

question: What is the dialect from Lake Peipsi?

answer: the idamurre or eastern dialect

text: the idamurre or eastern dialect

question: What dialects of the northern group are spoken on the saarte murre?

answer: Saaremaa and Hiiumaa

text: Saaremaa and Hiiumaa

question: What is another name for Estonian's northern group's western dialect?

answer: the läänemurre

text: the läänemurre

question: What dialect is also known as the middle dialect?

text: keskmurre

question: What is the dialect from the city of Peipsi?

text: idamurre

question: What dialects of the southern group are spoken on the saarte murre?

text: Saaremaa and Hiiumaa

question: What is another name for Estonian's southern dialect?

text: läänemurre


text: The propagation of universities was not necessarily a steady progression, as the 17th century was rife with events that adversely affected university expansion. Many wars, and especially the Thirty Years' War, disrupted the university landscape throughout Europe at different times. War, plague, famine, regicide, and changes in religious power and structure often adversely affected the societies that provided support for universities. Internal strife within the universities themselves, such as student brawling and absentee professors, acted to destabilize these institutions as well. Universities were also reluctant to give up older curricula, and the continued reliance on the works of Aristotle defied contemporary advancements in science and the arts. This era was also affected by the rise of the nation-state. As universities increasingly came under state control, or formed under the auspices of the state, the faculty governance model (begun by the University of Paris) became more and more prominent. Although the older student-controlled universities still existed, they slowly started to move toward this structural organization. Control of universities still tended to be independent, although university leadership was increasingly appointed by the state.

title: University

title: University

text: The

text: propagation

text: of

text: universities

text: was

text: not

text: necessarily

text: a

text: steady

text: progression

text: as

text: the

text: century

text: was

text: rife

text: with

text: events

text: that

text: adversely

text: affected

text: university

text: expansion

text: Many

text: wars

text: and

text: especially

text: the

text: Thirty

text: Years

text: War

text: disrupted

text: the

text: university

text: landscape

text: throughout

text: Europe

text: at

text: different

text: times

text: War

text: plague

text: famine

text: regicide

text: and

text: changes

text: in

text: religious

text: power

text: and

text: structure

text: often

text: adversely

text: affected

text: the

text: societies

text: that

text: provided

text: support

text: for

text: universities

text: Internal

text: strife

text: within

text: the

text: universities

text: themselves

text: such

text: as

text: student

text: brawling

text: and

text: absentee

text: professors

text: acted

text: to

text: destabilize

text: these

text: institutions

text: as

text: well

text: Universities

text: were

text: also

text: reluctant

text: to

text: give

text: up

text: older

text: curricula

text: and

text: the

text: continued

text: reliance

text: on

text: the

text: works

text: of

text: Aristotle

text: defied

text: contemporary

text: advancements

text: in

text: science

text: and

text: the

text: arts

text: This

text: era

text: was

text: also

text: affected

text: by

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: state

text: As

text: universities

text: increasingly

text: came

text: under

text: state

text: control

text: or

text: formed

text: under

text: the

text: auspices

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: the

text: faculty

text: governance

text: model

text: begun

text: by

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Paris

text: became

text: more

text: and

text: more

text: prominent

text: Although

text: the

text: older

text: student

text: controlled

text: universities

text: still

text: existed

text: they

text: slowly

text: started

text: to

text: move

text: toward

text: this

text: structural

text: organization

text: Control

text: of

text: universities

text: still

text: tended

text: to

text: be

text: independent

text: although

text: university

text: leadership

text: was

text: increasingly

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: state

question: What war most curtailed the spread of universities in the 17th century?

answer: the Thirty Years' War

text: the Thirty Years' War

question: Which university is said to have started faculty governance?

answer: University of Paris

text: University of Paris

question: Which entity started to appoint the administration of universities in the 17th century?

answer: the state

text: the state

question: The control of universities by the state can be attributed to the advancement in the development of what?

answer: the nation-state.

text: the nation-state.

question: How would one describe the control of universities before nation-states in the 17th century?

answer: student-controlled

text: student-controlled

question: What spread across Europe at a steady pace?

text: universities

question: What slowed the spread of universities in the 1700's?

question: What encouraged the establishment of new niversities in the 17th century?

text: brawling and absentee professors

question: Who favored amtempory advancements over the works of Aristotle?

text: Universities

question: What war most curtailed the spread of universities in the 18th century?

text: the Thirty Years' War

question: Which university is said to have started the arts?

text: University of Paris

question: Which entity started to appoint the administration of universities in the 18th century?

text: the state

question: The control of science by the state can be attributed to the advancement in the development of what?

text: the nation-state

question: How would one describe the control of universities before nation-states in the 18th century?

text: student-controlled


text: This first list is referred to as the "Class of '67" in The Endangered Species Act at Thirty, Volume 1, which concludes that habitat destruction, the biggest threat to those 78 species, is still the same threat to the currently listed species. It included only vertebrates because the Department of Interior's definition of "fish and wildlife" was limited to vertebrates. However, with time, researchers noticed that the animals on the endangered species list still were not getting enough protection, thus further threatening their extinction. The endangered species program was expanded by the Endangered Species Act of 1969.

title: Endangered_Species_Act

title: Endangered_Species_Act

text: This

text: first

text: list

text: is

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: Class

text: of

text: in

text: The

text: Endangered

text: Species

text: Act

text: at

text: Thirty

text: Volume

text: which

text: concludes

text: that

text: habitat

text: destruction

text: the

text: biggest

text: threat

text: to

text: those

text: species

text: is

text: still

text: the

text: same

text: threat

text: to

text: the

text: currently

text: listed

text: species

text: It

text: included

text: only

text: vertebrates

text: because

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: Interior

text: 's

text: definition

text: of

text: fish

text: and

text: wildlife

text: was

text: limited

text: to

text: vertebrates

text: However

text: with

text: time

text: researchers

text: noticed

text: that

text: the

text: animals

text: on

text: the

text: endangered

text: species

text: list

text: still

text: were

text: not

text: getting

text: enough

text: protection

text: thus

text: further

text: threatening

text: their

text: extinction

text: The

text: endangered

text: species

text: program

text: was

text: expanded

text: by

text: the

text: Endangered

text: Species

text: Act

text: of

question: What is the nickname given to the first listing of endangered species?

answer: "Class of '67"

text: "Class of '67"

question: What was concluded to be the biggest threat to the listed species?

answer: habitat destruction

text: habitat destruction

question: How was the first listing limited in what species were listed?

answer: It included only vertebrates

text: It included only vertebrates

question: How did being listed initially impact species?

answer: the animals on the endangered species list still were not getting enough protection, thus further threatening their extinction

text: the animals on the endangered species list still were not getting enough protection, thus further threatening their extinction

question: How many species are currently listed?

question: What type of animal was not included in Volume 1?

text: vertebrates

question: What volume was published in 1969?

question: What threat towards species has been neutralized?

text: habitat destruction

question: What is the Endangered Species Act of 1969 referred to as?

text: Class of '67


text: Between 2007 and 2013, Estonia receives 53.3 billion kroons (3.4 billion euros) from various European Union Structural Funds as direct supports by creating the largest foreign investments into Estonia ever. Majority of the European Union financial aid will be invested into to the following fields: energy economies, entrepreneurship, administrative capability, education, information society, environment protection, regional and local development, research and development activities, healthcare and welfare, transportation and labour market.

title: Estonia

title: Estonia

text: Between

text: and

text: Estonia

text: receives

text: billion

text: kroons

text: billion

text: euros

text: from

text: various

text: European

text: Union

text: Structural

text: Funds

text: as

text: direct

text: supports

text: by

text: creating

text: the

text: largest

text: foreign

text: investments

text: into

text: Estonia

text: ever

text: Majority

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: financial

text: aid

text: will

text: be

text: invested

text: into

text: to

text: the

text: following

text: fields

text: energy

text: economies

text: entrepreneurship

text: administrative

text: capability

text: education

text: information

text: society

text: environment

text: protection

text: regional

text: and

text: local

text: development

text: research

text: and

text: development

text: activities

text: healthcare

text: and

text: welfare

text: transportation

text: and

text: labour

text: market

question: How much money did Estonia receive from European Union Structural Funds between 2007 and 2013?

answer: 53.3 billion kroons (3.4 billion euros)

text: 53.3 billion kroons (3.4 billion euros)

question: What year was the start of investments from the European Union Structural Funds?

answer: 2007

question: What year was the end of investments from the European Union Structural Funds?

answer: 2013


text: His film appearances after becoming Governor of California included a three-second cameo appearance in The Rundown, and the 2004 remake of Around the World in 80 Days. In 2005, he appeared as himself in the film The Kid & I. He voiced Baron von Steuben in the Liberty's Kids episode "Valley Forge". He had been rumored to be appearing in Terminator Salvation as the original T-800; he denied his involvement, but he ultimately did appear briefly via his image being inserted into the movie from stock footage of the first Terminator movie. Schwarzenegger appeared in Sylvester Stallone's The Expendables, where he made a cameo appearance.

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

title: Arnold_Schwarzenegger

text: His

text: film

text: appearances

text: after

text: becoming

text: Governor

text: of

text: California

text: included

text: a

text: three

text: second

text: cameo

text: appearance

text: in

text: The

text: Rundown

text: and

text: the

text: remake

text: of

text: Around

text: the

text: World

text: in

text: Days

text: In

text: he

text: appeared

text: as

text: himself

text: in

text: the

text: film

text: The

text: Kid

text: I.

text: He

text: voiced

text: Baron

text: von

text: Steuben

text: in

text: the

text: Liberty

text: 's

text: Kids

text: episode

text: Valley

text: Forge

text: He

text: had

text: been

text: rumored

text: to

text: be

text: appearing

text: in

text: Terminator

text: Salvation

text: as

text: the

text: original

text: he

text: denied

text: his

text: involvement

text: but

text: he

text: ultimately

text: did

text: appear

text: briefly

text: via

text: his

text: image

text: being

text: inserted

text: into

text: the

text: movie

text: from

text: stock

text: footage

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: Terminator

text: movie

text: Schwarzenegger

text: appeared

text: in

text: Sylvester

text: Stallone

text: 's

text: The

text: Expendables

text: where

text: he

text: made

text: a

text: cameo

text: appearance

question: Which 2005 movie featured Schwarzenegger as himself?

answer: The Kid & I

text: The Kid & I


text: Another common application is the control of the throttle of an internal combustion engine in conjunction with an electronic governor. In this usage, the motor works against a return spring to move the throttle in accordance with the output of the governor. The latter monitors engine speed by counting electrical pulses from the ignition system or from a magnetic pickup and, depending on the speed, makes small adjustments to the amount of current applied to the motor. If the engine starts to slow down relative to the desired speed, the current will be increased, the motor will develop more torque, pulling against the return spring and opening the throttle. Should the engine run too fast, the governor will reduce the current being applied to the motor, causing the return spring to pull back and close the throttle.

title: Electric_motor

title: Electric_motor

text: Another

text: common

text: application

text: is

text: the

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: throttle

text: of

text: an

text: internal

text: combustion

text: engine

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: an

text: electronic

text: governor

text: In

text: this

text: usage

text: the

text: motor

text: works

text: against

text: a

text: return

text: spring

text: to

text: move

text: the

text: throttle

text: in

text: accordance

text: with

text: the

text: output

text: of

text: the

text: governor

text: The

text: latter

text: monitors

text: engine

text: speed

text: by

text: counting

text: electrical

text: pulses

text: from

text: the

text: ignition

text: system

text: or

text: from

text: a

text: magnetic

text: pickup

text: and

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: speed

text: makes

text: small

text: adjustments

text: to

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: current

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: motor

text: If

text: the

text: engine

text: starts

text: to

text: slow

text: down

text: relative

text: to

text: the

text: desired

text: speed

text: the

text: current

text: will

text: be

text: increased

text: the

text: motor

text: will

text: develop

text: more

text: torque

text: pulling

text: against

text: the

text: return

text: spring

text: and

text: opening

text: the

text: throttle

text: Should

text: the

text: engine

text: run

text: too

text: fast

text: the

text: governor

text: will

text: reduce

text: the

text: current

text: being

text: applied

text: to

text: the

text: motor

text: causing

text: the

text: return

text: spring

text: to

text: pull

text: back

text: and

text: close

text: the

text: throttle

question: What element of a combustion engine does a governor monitor?

answer: electrical pulses

text: electrical pulses

question: What is a governor connected to?

answer: return spring

text: return spring

question: What kinds of adjustments would a governor make?

answer: small

text: small

question: What would a governor do to a too-fast running engine?

answer: reduce the current being applied to the motor

text: reduce the current being applied to the motor

question: What element of a combustion engine doesn't a governor monitor?

text: electrical pulses

question: What is a governor disconnected from?

text: return spring

question: What kinds of adjustments would a governor never make?

text: small

question: What would a governor do to a too-slow running engine?


text: During the reign of the Jiajing Emperor (r. 1521–1567), the native Chinese ideology of Daoism was fully sponsored at the Ming court, while Tibetan Vajrayana and even Chinese Buddhism were ignored or suppressed. Even the History of Ming states that the Tibetan lamas discontinued their trips to Ming China and its court at this point. Grand Secretary Yang Tinghe under Jiajing was determined to break the eunuch influence at court which typified the Zhengde era, an example being the costly escort of the eunuch Liu Yun as described above in his failed mission to Tibet. The court eunuchs were in favor of expanding and building new commercial ties with foreign countries such as Portugal, which Zhengde deemed permissible since he had an affinity for foreign and exotic people.

title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

title: Sino

text: During

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: the

text: Jiajing

text: Emperor

text: r.

text: the

text: native

text: Chinese

text: ideology

text: of

text: Daoism

text: was

text: fully

text: sponsored

text: at

text: the

text: Ming

text: court

text: while

text: Tibetan

text: Vajrayana

text: and

text: even

text: Chinese

text: Buddhism

text: were

text: ignored

text: or

text: suppressed

text: Even

text: the

text: History

text: of

text: Ming

text: states

text: that

text: the

text: Tibetan

text: lamas

text: discontinued

text: their

text: trips

text: to

text: Ming

text: China

text: and

text: its

text: court

text: at

text: this

text: point

text: Grand

text: Secretary

text: Yang

text: Tinghe

text: under

text: Jiajing

text: was

text: determined

text: to

text: break

text: the

text: eunuch

text: influence

text: at

text: court

text: which

text: typified

text: the

text: Zhengde

text: era

text: an

text: example

text: being

text: the

text: costly

text: escort

text: of

text: the

text: eunuch

text: Liu

text: Yun

text: as

text: described

text: above

text: in

text: his

text: failed

text: mission

text: to

text: Tibet

text: The

text: court

text: eunuchs

text: were

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: expanding

text: and

text: building

text: new

text: commercial

text: ties

text: with

text: foreign

text: countries

text: such

text: as

text: Portugal

text: which

text: Zhengde

text: deemed

text: permissible

text: since

text: he

text: had

text: an

text: affinity

text: for

text: foreign

text: and

text: exotic

text: people

question: When did the Jiajing Emperor reign?

answer: 1521–1567

question: What ideology was sponsored at the Ming court?

answer: the native Chinese ideology of Daoism

text: the native Chinese ideology of Daoism

question: Who stopped their trips to Ming China?

answer: the Tibetan lamas

text: the Tibetan lamas

question: Who was the Grand Secretary under Jiajing?

answer: Yang Tinghe

text: Yang Tinghe

question: Who broke the eunuch influence at court?

answer: Yang Tinghe

text: Yang Tinghe


text: The Atlantic Ocean has less influence on the climate of the Piedmont region, which has hotter summers and colder winters than in the coast. Daytime highs in the Piedmont often reach over 90 °F (32 °C) in the summer. While it is not common for the temperature to reach over 100 °F (38 °C) in the state, such temperatures, when they occur, typically are found only in the lower-elevation areas of the Piedmont and far-inland areas of the coastal plain. The weaker influence of the Atlantic Ocean also means that temperatures in the Piedmont often fluctuate more widely than in the coast.

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: The

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: has

text: less

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: climate

text: of

text: the

text: Piedmont

text: region

text: which

text: has

text: hotter

text: summers

text: and

text: colder

text: winters

text: than

text: in

text: the

text: coast

text: Daytime

text: highs

text: in

text: the

text: Piedmont

text: often

text: reach

text: over

text: F

text: C

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: While

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: common

text: for

text: the

text: temperature

text: to

text: reach

text: over

text: F

text: C

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: such

text: temperatures

text: when

text: they

text: occur

text: typically

text: are

text: found

text: only

text: in

text: the

text: lower

text: elevation

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: Piedmont

text: and

text: far

text: inland

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: coastal

text: plain

text: The

text: weaker

text: influence

text: of

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Ocean

text: also

text: means

text: that

text: temperatures

text: in

text: the

text: Piedmont

text: often

text: fluctuate

text: more

text: widely

text: than

text: in

text: the

text: coast

question: What region of North Carolina has hotter summers and colder winters than the coast?

answer: Piedmont

text: Piedmont

question: In summer, daytime highs often reach what temperature in the Piedmont region?

answer: 90 °F

text: 90 °F

question: Temperatures over 100 degrees will typically be found in what elevation of the Piedmont?

question: What type of influence of the Atlantic Ocean makes the temperatures fluctuate more than on the coast?

answer: weaker

text: weaker


text: Independently of the method used to signify royal assent, it is the responsibility of the Clerk of the Parliaments, once the assent has been duly notified to both houses, not only to endorse the act in the name of the monarch with the formal Norman French formula, but to certify that assent has been granted. The clerk signs one authentic copy of the bill and inserts the date (in English) on which the assent was notified to the two houses after the title of the act. When an act is published, the signature of the clerk is omitted, as is the Norman French formula, should the endorsement have been made in writing. However, the date on which the assent was notified is printed in brackets.

title: Royal_assent

title: Royal_assent

text: Independently

text: of

text: the

text: method

text: used

text: to

text: signify

text: royal

text: assent

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: responsibility

text: of

text: the

text: Clerk

text: of

text: the

text: Parliaments

text: once

text: the

text: assent

text: has

text: been

text: duly

text: notified

text: to

text: both

text: houses

text: not

text: only

text: to

text: endorse

text: the

text: act

text: in

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: monarch

text: with

text: the

text: formal

text: Norman

text: French

text: formula

text: but

text: to

text: certify

text: that

text: assent

text: has

text: been

text: granted

text: The

text: clerk

text: signs

text: one

text: authentic

text: copy

text: of

text: the

text: bill

text: and

text: inserts

text: the

text: date

text: in

text: English

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: assent

text: was

text: notified

text: to

text: the

text: two

text: houses

text: after

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: the

text: act

text: When

text: an

text: act

text: is

text: published

text: the

text: signature

text: of

text: the

text: clerk

text: is

text: omitted

text: as

text: is

text: the

text: Norman

text: French

text: formula

text: should

text: the

text: endorsement

text: have

text: been

text: made

text: in

text: writing

text: However

text: the

text: date

text: on

text: which

text: the

text: assent

text: was

text: notified

text: is

text: printed

text: in

text: brackets

question: Whose responsibility is it to assure that assent has been granted?

answer: Clerk of the Parliaments

text: Clerk of the Parliaments

question: What is omitted when an act is published?

answer: signature of the clerk is omitted, as is the Norman French formula

text: signature of the clerk is omitted, as is the Norman French formula

question: Who writes the formal Norman French formula on passed acts?

answer: Clerk of the Parliaments

text: Clerk of the Parliaments

question: It is the responsibility of the Clerk of the Lords to endorse what?

text: the act

question: The German French formula is used to endorse what?

text: the act

question: The clerk signs two copies of what?

text: the bill

question: The date is inserted in French on what?

text: the bill


text: As of 1878, there were only three free Slavic states in the world: the Russian Empire, Serbia and Montenegro. Bulgaria was also free but was de jure vassal to the Ottoman Empire until official independence was declared in 1908. In the entire Austro-Hungarian Empire of approximately 50 million people, about 23 million were Slavs. The Slavic peoples who were, for the most part, denied a voice in the affairs of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, were calling for national self-determination. During World War I, representatives of the Czechs, Slovaks, Poles, Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes set up organizations in the Allied countries to gain sympathy and recognition. In 1918, after World War I ended, the Slavs established such independent states as Czechoslovakia, the Second Polish Republic, and the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs.

title: Slavs

title: Slavs

text: As

text: of

text: there

text: were

text: only

text: three

text: free

text: Slavic

text: states

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: the

text: Russian

text: Empire

text: Serbia

text: and

text: Montenegro

text: Bulgaria

text: was

text: also

text: free

text: but

text: was

text: de

text: jure

text: vassal

text: to

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: until

text: official

text: independence

text: was

text: declared

text: in

text: In

text: the

text: entire

text: Austro

text: Hungarian

text: Empire

text: of

text: approximately

text: million

text: people

text: about

text: million

text: were

text: Slavs

text: The

text: Slavic

text: peoples

text: who

text: were

text: for

text: the

text: most

text: part

text: denied

text: a

text: voice

text: in

text: the

text: affairs

text: of

text: the

text: Austro

text: Hungarian

text: Empire

text: were

text: calling

text: for

text: national

text: self

text: determination

text: During

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: representatives

text: of

text: the

text: Czechs

text: Slovaks

text: Poles

text: Serbs

text: Croats

text: and

text: Slovenes

text: set

text: up

text: organizations

text: in

text: the

text: Allied

text: countries

text: to

text: gain

text: sympathy

text: and

text: recognition

text: In

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: ended

text: the

text: Slavs

text: established

text: such

text: independent

text: states

text: as

text: Czechoslovakia

text: the

text: Second

text: Polish

text: Republic

text: and

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Slovenes

text: Croats

text: and

text: Serbs

question: What three free Slavic states were in the world as of 1878?

answer: the Russian Empire, Serbia and Montenegro

text: the Russian Empire, Serbia and Montenegro

question: When were the Russian Empire, Serbia, and Montenegro the only free Slavic states in the world?

answer: 1878

question: Whose official independence was declared in 1908?

answer: Bulgaria

text: Bulgaria

question: When were independent states as Czechoslovakia, the Second Polish Republic, and the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs established?

answer: In 1918

text: In 1918

question: What was Serbia de jure vassal to in 1878?

text: the Ottoman Empire

question: When was Montenegro's independence declared?

question: How many people were in the Ottoman Empire?

text: 50 million people

question: What ended in 1878?

text: World War I

question: How many Slavs lived in Czechoslovakia?

text: 23 million