text: Agriculture is dominated by the cultivation and sale of food crops such as cassava, peanuts, maize, sorghum, millet, sesame, and plantain. The annual real GDP growth rate is just above 3%. The importance of food crops over exported cash crops is indicated by the fact that the total production of cassava, the staple food of most Central Africans, ranges between 200,000 and 300,000 tonnes a year, while the production of cotton, the principal exported cash crop, ranges from 25,000 to 45,000 tonnes a year. Food crops are not exported in large quantities, but still constitute the principal cash crops of the country, because Central Africans derive far more income from the periodic sale of surplus food crops than from exported cash crops such as cotton or coffee.[citation needed] Much of the country is self-sufficient in food crops; however, livestock development is hindered by the presence of the tsetse fly.[citation needed]

title: Central_African_Republic

title: Central_African_Republic

text: Agriculture

text: is

text: dominated

text: by

text: the

text: cultivation

text: and

text: sale

text: of

text: food

text: crops

text: such

text: as

text: cassava

text: peanuts

text: maize

text: sorghum

text: millet

text: sesame

text: and

text: plantain

text: The

text: annual

text: real

text: GDP

text: growth

text: rate

text: is

text: just

text: above

text: The

text: importance

text: of

text: food

text: crops

text: over

text: exported

text: cash

text: crops

text: is

text: indicated

text: by

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: the

text: total

text: production

text: of

text: cassava

text: the

text: staple

text: food

text: of

text: most

text: Central

text: Africans

text: ranges

text: between

text: and

text: tonnes

text: a

text: year

text: while

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: cotton

text: the

text: principal

text: exported

text: cash

text: crop

text: ranges

text: from

text: to

text: tonnes

text: a

text: year

text: Food

text: crops

text: are

text: not

text: exported

text: in

text: large

text: quantities

text: but

text: still

text: constitute

text: the

text: principal

text: cash

text: crops

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: because

text: Central

text: Africans

text: derive

text: far

text: more

text: income

text: from

text: the

text: periodic

text: sale

text: of

text: surplus

text: food

text: crops

text: than

text: from

text: exported

text: cash

text: crops

text: such

text: as

text: cotton

text: or

text: coffee.[citation

text: needed

text: Much

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: is

text: self

text: sufficient

text: in

text: food

text: crops

text: however

text: livestock

text: development

text: is

text: hindered

text: by

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: the

text: tsetse

text: fly.[citation

text: needed

question: What type of agriculture is popular in the CAR?

answer: food crops

text: food crops

question: The economy grows at what rate in the last few years?

answer: 3%

question: How many tonnes of Cassave is produced per year?

answer: 200,000 and 300,000

text: 200,000 and 300,000

question: What product is produced that is exported?

answer: cotton

text: cotton

question: Which insect hinders livestock development?

answer: tsetse fly

text: tsetse fly

question: What is the real exported cash crop rate?

text: just above 3%

question: How  much of the cassava as the principle cash crop is produced in the CAR?

text: from 25,000 to 45,000 tonnes a year

question: What do Central Africans gain more of from selling livestock?

text: income

question: How is cassava production hindered?

text: by the presence of the tsetse fly

question: What kind of exported cash crops dominate agriculture?


text: The target audience of natural history was French polite society, evidenced more by the specific discourse of the genre than by the generally high prices of its works. Naturalists catered to polite society's desire for erudition – many texts had an explicit instructive purpose. However, natural history was often a political affair. As E. C. Spary writes, the classifications used by naturalists "slipped between the natural world and the social ... to establish not only the expertise of the naturalists over the natural, but also the dominance of the natural over the social". The idea of taste (le goût) was a social indicator: to truly be able to categorize nature, one had to have the proper taste, an ability of discretion shared by all members of polite society. In this way natural history spread many of the scientific developments of the time, but also provided a new source of legitimacy for the dominant class. From this basis, naturalists could then develop their own social ideals based on their scientific works.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: The

text: target

text: audience

text: of

text: natural

text: history

text: was

text: French

text: polite

text: society

text: evidenced

text: more

text: by

text: the

text: specific

text: discourse

text: of

text: the

text: genre

text: than

text: by

text: the

text: generally

text: high

text: prices

text: of

text: its

text: works

text: Naturalists

text: catered

text: to

text: polite

text: society

text: 's

text: desire

text: for

text: erudition

text: many

text: texts

text: had

text: an

text: explicit

text: instructive

text: purpose

text: However

text: natural

text: history

text: was

text: often

text: a

text: political

text: affair

text: As

text: E.

text: C.

text: Spary

text: writes

text: the

text: classifications

text: used

text: by

text: naturalists

text: slipped

text: between

text: the

text: natural

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: social

text: to

text: establish

text: not

text: only

text: the

text: expertise

text: of

text: the

text: naturalists

text: over

text: the

text: natural

text: but

text: also

text: the

text: dominance

text: of

text: the

text: natural

text: over

text: the

text: social

text: The

text: idea

text: of

text: taste

text: le

text: goût

text: was

text: a

text: social

text: indicator

text: to

text: truly

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: categorize

text: nature

text: one

text: had

text: to

text: have

text: the

text: proper

text: taste

text: an

text: ability

text: of

text: discretion

text: shared

text: by

text: all

text: members

text: of

text: polite

text: society

text: In

text: this

text: way

text: natural

text: history

text: spread

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: scientific

text: developments

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: but

text: also

text: provided

text: a

text: new

text: source

text: of

text: legitimacy

text: for

text: the

text: dominant

text: class

text: From

text: this

text: basis

text: naturalists

text: could

text: then

text: develop

text: their

text: own

text: social

text: ideals

text: based

text: on

text: their

text: scientific

text: works

question: Who was the target audience of natural history?

answer: French polite society

text: French polite society

question: Many texts had explicit instructive purposes as Naturalists catered to polite society's desire for what?

answer: erudition

text: erudition

question: The idea of what quality was a social indicator that provided a new source of legitimacy for the dominant class?

answer: taste (le goût)

text: taste (le goût)

question: Was the target audience of natural history evidenced more by the price of publications or its specific discourse of the genre?

answer: specific discourse of the genre

text: specific discourse of the genre


text: Historians estimate that between the advent of Islam in 650CE and the abolition of slavery in the Arabian Peninsula in the mid-20th century, 10 to 18 million sub-Saharan Black Africans were enslaved by Arab slave traders and transported to the Arabian Peninsula and neighboring countries. This number far exceeded the number of slaves who were taken to the Americas. Several factors affected the visibility of descendants of this diaspora in 21st-century Arab societies: The traders shipped more female slaves than males, as there was a demand for them to serve as concubines in harems in the Arabian Peninsula and neighboring countries. Male slaves were castrated in order to serve as harem guards. The death toll of Black African slaves from forced labor was high. The mixed-race children of female slaves and Arab owners were assimilated into the Arab owners' families under the patrilineal kinship system. As a result, few distinctive Afro-Arab black communities have survived in the Arabian Peninsula and neighboring countries.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: Historians

text: estimate

text: that

text: between

text: the

text: advent

text: of

text: Islam

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: abolition

text: of

text: slavery

text: in

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Peninsula

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: million

text: sub

text: Saharan

text: Black

text: Africans

text: were

text: enslaved

text: by

text: Arab

text: slave

text: traders

text: and

text: transported

text: to

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Peninsula

text: and

text: neighboring

text: countries

text: This

text: number

text: far

text: exceeded

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: slaves

text: who

text: were

text: taken

text: to

text: the

text: Americas

text: Several

text: factors

text: affected

text: the

text: visibility

text: of

text: descendants

text: of

text: this

text: diaspora

text: in

text: century

text: Arab

text: societies

text: The

text: traders

text: shipped

text: more

text: female

text: slaves

text: than

text: males

text: as

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: demand

text: for

text: them

text: to

text: serve

text: as

text: concubines

text: in

text: harems

text: in

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Peninsula

text: and

text: neighboring

text: countries

text: Male

text: slaves

text: were

text: castrated

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: serve

text: as

text: harem

text: guards

text: The

text: death

text: toll

text: of

text: Black

text: African

text: slaves

text: from

text: forced

text: labor

text: was

text: high

text: The

text: mixed

text: race

text: children

text: of

text: female

text: slaves

text: and

text: Arab

text: owners

text: were

text: assimilated

text: into

text: the

text: Arab

text: owners

text: families

text: under

text: the

text: patrilineal

text: kinship

text: system

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: few

text: distinctive

text: Afro

text: Arab

text: black

text: communities

text: have

text: survived

text: in

text: the

text: Arabian

text: Peninsula

text: and

text: neighboring

text: countries

question: How many sub-Saharan Black Africans were enslaved?

answer: 10 to 18 million

text: 10 to 18 million

question: In what time frame were these people enslaved?

answer: between the advent of Islam in 650CE and the abolition of slavery in the Arabian Peninsula in the mid-20th century

text: between the advent of Islam in 650CE and the abolition of slavery in the Arabian Peninsula in the mid-20th century

question: Who enslaved these people?

answer: Arab slave traders

text: Arab slave traders

question: Why were women slaves more popular?

answer: for them to serve as concubines

text: for them to serve as concubines

question: Who was assimilated into the Arab slave owner families?

answer: The mixed-race children of female slaves and Arab owners

text: The mixed-race children of female slaves and Arab owners


text: Educational and technological reforms came about, including the establishment of higher education institutions such as the Istanbul Technical University. In 1734 an artillery school was established to impart Western-style artillery methods, but the Islamic clergy successfully objected under the grounds of theodicy. In 1754 the artillery school was reopened on a semi-secret basis. In 1726, Ibrahim Muteferrika convinced the Grand Vizier Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Pasha, the Grand Mufti, and the clergy on the efficiency of the printing press, and Muteferrika was later granted by Sultan Ahmed III permission to publish non-religious books (despite opposition from some calligraphers and religious leaders). Muteferrika's press published its first book in 1729 and, by 1743, issued 17 works in 23 volumes, each having between 500 and 1,000 copies.

title: Ottoman_Empire

title: Ottoman_Empire

text: Educational

text: and

text: technological

text: reforms

text: came

text: about

text: including

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: higher

text: education

text: institutions

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Istanbul

text: Technical

text: University

text: In

text: an

text: artillery

text: school

text: was

text: established

text: to

text: impart

text: Western

text: style

text: artillery

text: methods

text: but

text: the

text: Islamic

text: clergy

text: successfully

text: objected

text: under

text: the

text: grounds

text: of

text: theodicy

text: In

text: the

text: artillery

text: school

text: was

text: reopened

text: on

text: a

text: semi

text: secret

text: basis

text: In

text: Ibrahim

text: Muteferrika

text: convinced

text: the

text: Grand

text: Vizier

text: Nevşehirli

text: Damat

text: İbrahim

text: Pasha

text: the

text: Grand

text: Mufti

text: and

text: the

text: clergy

text: on

text: the

text: efficiency

text: of

text: the

text: printing

text: press

text: and

text: Muteferrika

text: was

text: later

text: granted

text: by

text: Sultan

text: Ahmed

text: III

text: permission

text: to

text: publish

text: non

text: religious

text: books

text: despite

text: opposition

text: from

text: some

text: calligraphers

text: and

text: religious

text: leaders

text: Muteferrika

text: 's

text: press

text: published

text: its

text: first

text: book

text: in

text: and

text: by

text: issued

text: works

text: in

text: volumes

text: each

text: having

text: between

text: and

text: copies

question: What is one university that was formed in the early 18th century of the empire?

answer: Istanbul Technical University

text: Istanbul Technical University

question: What type of school was established in the empire in 1734?

answer: an artillery school

text: an artillery school

question: In 1754 what man convinced the Grand Vizier to allow the use of the printing press?

answer: Ibrahim Muteferrika

text: Ibrahim Muteferrika

question: Who was the Ottoaman Grand Vizier in 1726?

answer: Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Pasha

text: Nevşehirli Damat İbrahim Pasha

question: In what year did an Ottoman press produce its first book?

answer: 1729


text: In 1962, the Supreme Court addressed the issue of officially-sponsored prayer or religious recitations in public schools. In Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421 (1962), the Court, by a vote of 6-1, determined it unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer and require its recitation in public schools, even when the prayer is non-denominational and students may excuse themselves from participation. (The prayer required by the New York State Board of Regents prior to the Court's decision consisted of: "Almighty God, we acknowledge our dependence upon Thee, and we beg Thy blessings upon us, our parents, our teachers, and our country. Amen.") As the Court stated:

title: Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States

text: In

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: addressed

text: the

text: issue

text: of

text: officially

text: sponsored

text: prayer

text: or

text: religious

text: recitations

text: in

text: public

text: schools

text: In

text: Engel

text: v.

text: Vitale

text: U.S.

text: the

text: Court

text: by

text: a

text: vote

text: of

text: determined

text: it

text: unconstitutional

text: for

text: state

text: officials

text: to

text: compose

text: an

text: official

text: school

text: prayer

text: and

text: require

text: its

text: recitation

text: in

text: public

text: schools

text: even

text: when

text: the

text: prayer

text: is

text: non

text: denominational

text: and

text: students

text: may

text: excuse

text: themselves

text: from

text: participation

text: The

text: prayer

text: required

text: by

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: State

text: Board

text: of

text: Regents

text: prior

text: to

text: the

text: Court

text: 's

text: decision

text: consisted

text: of

text: Almighty

text: God

text: we

text: acknowledge

text: our

text: dependence

text: upon

text: Thee

text: and

text: we

text: beg

text: Thy

text: blessings

text: upon

text: us

text: our

text: parents

text: our

text: teachers

text: and

text: our

text: country

text: Amen

text: As

text: the

text: Court

text: stated

question: When did the Supreme Court address the issue of officially sponsored prayer in public schools?

answer: 1962

question: What was the case in 1962 where the Supreme Court addressed the issue of officially sponsored school prayer?

answer: Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421

text: Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421

question: By what vote did the Supreme Court determine it unconstitutional for state official to compose an official school prayer?

answer: 6-1

question: Even if a prayer is non-denominational it's still considered what?

answer: unconstitutional

text: unconstitutional

question: When did the Supreme Court address the issue of unofficially sponsored prayer in public schools?

question: What was the case in 1962 where the Supreme Court addressed the issue of unofficially sponsored school prayer?

text: Engel v. Vitale, 370 U.S. 421 (1962),

question: By what vote did the Supreme Court determine it unconstitutional for state official to compose an unofficial school prayer?

question: Even if a prayer is denominational it's still considered what?

text: unconstitutional


text: 14th Street is a main numbered street in Manhattan. It begins at Avenue C and ends at West Street. Its length is 3.4 km (2.1 mi). It has six subway stations:

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

text: Street

text: is

text: a

text: main

text: numbered

text: street

text: in

text: Manhattan

text: It

text: begins

text: at

text: Avenue

text: C

text: and

text: ends

text: at

text: West

text: Street

text: Its

text: length

text: is

text: km

text: mi

text: It

text: has

text: six

text: subway

text: stations

question: Where does 14th Street begin?

answer: Avenue C

text: Avenue C

question: Where does 14th Street end?

answer: West Street

text: West Street

question: How many subway stations are on 14th Street?

answer: six

text: six

question: What is the length of 14th Street in miles?

answer: 2.1


text: In the face of the country being re-occupied by the Red Army, tens of thousands of Estonians (including a majority of the education, culture, science, political and social specialists) chose to either retreat with the Germans or flee to Finland or Sweden where they sought refuge in other western countries, often by refugee ships such as the SS Walnut. On 12 January 1949, the Soviet Council of Ministers issued a decree "on the expulsion and deportation" from Baltic states of "all kulaks and their families, the families of bandits and nationalists", and others.

title: Estonia

title: Estonia

text: In

text: the

text: face

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: being

text: re

text: occupied

text: by

text: the

text: Red

text: Army

text: tens

text: of

text: thousands

text: of

text: Estonians

text: including

text: a

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: education

text: culture

text: science

text: political

text: and

text: social

text: specialists

text: chose

text: to

text: either

text: retreat

text: with

text: the

text: Germans

text: or

text: flee

text: to

text: Finland

text: or

text: Sweden

text: where

text: they

text: sought

text: refuge

text: in

text: other

text: western

text: countries

text: often

text: by

text: refugee

text: ships

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: SS

text: Walnut

text: On

text: January

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Council

text: of

text: Ministers

text: issued

text: a

text: decree

text: on

text: the

text: expulsion

text: and

text: deportation

text: from

text: Baltic

text: states

text: of

text: all

text: kulaks

text: and

text: their

text: families

text: the

text: families

text: of

text: bandits

text: and

text: nationalists

text: and

text: others

question: How many Estonians chose to retreat or flee when in anticipation of another Soviet invasion?

answer: tens of thousands

text: tens of thousands

question: Which countries did most Estonians desire to flee to?

answer: Finland or Sweden

text: Finland or Sweden

question: What was the name of the refugee ship that Estonians boarded?

answer: the SS Walnut

text: the SS Walnut

question: What date did the Soviet Council of Ministers issue a declaration to remove native Estonians?

answer: 12 January 1949

text: 12 January 1949


text: The United States Congress declared war on Mexico on May 13, 1846 after only having a few hours to debate. Although President José Mariano Paredes's issuance of a manifesto on May 23 is sometimes considered the declaration of war, Mexico officially declared war by Congress on July 7. After the American invasion of New Mexico, Chihuahua sent 12,000 men led by Colonel Vidal to the border to stop the American military advance into the state. The Mexican forces being impatient to confront the American forces passed beyond El Paso del Norte about 20 miles (32 km) north along the Rio Grande. The first battle that Chihuahua fought was the battle of El Bracito; the Mexican forces consisting of 500 cavalry and 70 infantry confronted a force of 1,100–1,200 Americans on December 25, 1846. The battle ended badly by the Mexican forces that were then forced to retreat back into the state of Chihuahua. By December 27, 1846, the American forces occupied El Paso Del Norte. General Doniphan maintained camp in El Paso Del Norte awaiting supplies and artillery which he received in February 1847.

title: Chihuahua_(state)

title: Chihuahua_(state

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: Congress

text: declared

text: war

text: on

text: Mexico

text: on

text: May

text: after

text: only

text: having

text: a

text: few

text: hours

text: to

text: debate

text: Although

text: President

text: José

text: Mariano

text: Paredes

text: 's

text: issuance

text: of

text: a

text: manifesto

text: on

text: May

text: is

text: sometimes

text: considered

text: the

text: declaration

text: of

text: war

text: Mexico

text: officially

text: declared

text: war

text: by

text: Congress

text: on

text: July

text: After

text: the

text: American

text: invasion

text: of

text: New

text: Mexico

text: Chihuahua

text: sent

text: men

text: led

text: by

text: Colonel

text: Vidal

text: to

text: the

text: border

text: to

text: stop

text: the

text: American

text: military

text: advance

text: into

text: the

text: state

text: The

text: Mexican

text: forces

text: being

text: impatient

text: to

text: confront

text: the

text: American

text: forces

text: passed

text: beyond

text: El

text: Paso

text: del

text: Norte

text: about

text: miles

text: km

text: north

text: along

text: the

text: Rio

text: Grande

text: The

text: first

text: battle

text: that

text: Chihuahua

text: fought

text: was

text: the

text: battle

text: of

text: El

text: Bracito

text: the

text: Mexican

text: forces

text: consisting

text: of

text: cavalry

text: and

text: infantry

text: confronted

text: a

text: force

text: of

text: Americans

text: on

text: December

text: The

text: battle

text: ended

text: badly

text: by

text: the

text: Mexican

text: forces

text: that

text: were

text: then

text: forced

text: to

text: retreat

text: back

text: into

text: the

text: state

text: of

text: Chihuahua

text: By

text: December

text: the

text: American

text: forces

text: occupied

text: El

text: Paso

text: Del

text: Norte

text: General

text: Doniphan

text: maintained

text: camp

text: in

text: El

text: Paso

text: Del

text: Norte

text: awaiting

text: supplies

text: and

text: artillery

text: which

text: he

text: received

text: in

text: February

question: Who declared war on Mexico in 1846?

answer: The United States

text: The United States

question: How many men did Chihuahua send to defend New Mexico?

answer: 12,000

question: Which was the first battle fought by Chihuahua?

answer: battle of El Bracito

text: battle of El Bracito

question: Who won the battle?

answer: The United States

text: The United States

question: Which general maintained camp in El Paso Del Norte after the battle?

answer: General Doniphan

text: General Doniphan


text: Montevideo has a very rich architectural heritage and an impressive number of writers, artists, and musicians. Uruguayan tango is a unique form of dance that originated in the neighbourhoods of Montevideo towards the end of the 1800s. Tango, candombe and murga are the three main styles of music in this city. The city is also the centre of the cinema of Uruguay, which includes commercial, documentary and experimental films. There are two movie theatre companies running seven cinemas, around ten independent ones and four art film cinemas in the city. The theatre of Uruguay is admired inside and outside Uruguayan borders. The Solís Theatre is the most prominent theatre in Uruguay and the oldest in South America. There are several notable theatrical companies and thousands of professional actors and amateurs. Montevideo playwrights produce dozens of works each year; of major note are Mauricio Rosencof, Ana Magnabosco and Ricardo Prieto.

title: Montevideo

title: Montevideo

text: Montevideo

text: has

text: a

text: very

text: rich

text: architectural

text: heritage

text: and

text: an

text: impressive

text: number

text: of

text: writers

text: artists

text: and

text: musicians

text: Uruguayan

text: tango

text: is

text: a

text: unique

text: form

text: of

text: dance

text: that

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: neighbourhoods

text: of

text: Montevideo

text: towards

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Tango

text: candombe

text: and

text: murga

text: are

text: the

text: three

text: main

text: styles

text: of

text: music

text: in

text: this

text: city

text: The

text: city

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: centre

text: of

text: the

text: cinema

text: of

text: Uruguay

text: which

text: includes

text: commercial

text: documentary

text: and

text: experimental

text: films

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: movie

text: theatre

text: companies

text: running

text: seven

text: cinemas

text: around

text: ten

text: independent

text: ones

text: and

text: four

text: art

text: film

text: cinemas

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: theatre

text: of

text: Uruguay

text: is

text: admired

text: inside

text: and

text: outside

text: Uruguayan

text: borders

text: The

text: Solís

text: Theatre

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: theatre

text: in

text: Uruguay

text: and

text: the

text: oldest

text: in

text: South

text: America

text: There

text: are

text: several

text: notable

text: theatrical

text: companies

text: and

text: thousands

text: of

text: professional

text: actors

text: and

text: amateurs

text: Montevideo

text: playwrights

text: produce

text: dozens

text: of

text: works

text: each

text: year

text: of

text: major

text: note

text: are

text: Mauricio

text: Rosencof

text: Ana

text: Magnabosco

text: and

text: Ricardo

text: Prieto

question: What unique form of dance originated in the neighbourhods of Montevideo?

answer: Uruguayan tango

text: Uruguayan tango

question: Tango, candombe and murga are three main styles of what?

answer: music

text: music

question: How many movie theater companies are there in Montevideo?

answer: two

text: two

question: What is the most prominent theater in Uruguay?

answer: The Solís Theatre

text: The Solís Theatre


text: The person or organization submits a HCP and if approved by the agency (FWS or NMFS), will be issued an Incidental Take Permit (ITP) which allows a certain number of "takes" of the listed species. The permit may be revoked at any time and can allow incidental takes for varying amounts of time. For instance, the San Bruno Habitat Conservation Plan/ Incidental Take Permit is good for 30 years and the Wal-Mart store (in Florida) permit expires after one year. Because the permit is issued by a federal agency to a private party, it is a federal action-which means other federal laws can apply, such as the National Environmental Policy Act or NEPA. A notice of the permit application action is published in the Federal Register and a public comment period of 30 to 90 days begins.

title: Endangered_Species_Act

title: Endangered_Species_Act

text: The

text: person

text: or

text: organization

text: submits

text: a

text: HCP

text: and

text: if

text: approved

text: by

text: the

text: agency

text: FWS

text: or

text: NMFS

text: will

text: be

text: issued

text: an

text: Incidental

text: Take

text: Permit

text: ITP

text: which

text: allows

text: a

text: certain

text: number

text: of

text: takes

text: of

text: the

text: listed

text: species

text: The

text: permit

text: may

text: be

text: revoked

text: at

text: any

text: time

text: and

text: can

text: allow

text: incidental

text: takes

text: for

text: varying

text: amounts

text: of

text: time

text: For

text: instance

text: the

text: San

text: Bruno

text: Habitat

text: Conservation

text: Plan/

text: Incidental

text: Take

text: Permit

text: is

text: good

text: for

text: years

text: and

text: the

text: Wal

text: Mart

text: store

text: in

text: Florida

text: permit

text: expires

text: after

text: one

text: year

text: Because

text: the

text: permit

text: is

text: issued

text: by

text: a

text: federal

text: agency

text: to

text: a

text: private

text: party

text: it

text: is

text: a

text: federal

text: action

text: which

text: means

text: other

text: federal

text: laws

text: can

text: apply

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: National

text: Environmental

text: Policy

text: Act

text: or

text: NEPA

text: A

text: notice

text: of

text: the

text: permit

text: application

text: action

text: is

text: published

text: in

text: the

text: Federal

text: Register

text: and

text: a

text: public

text: comment

text: period

text: of

text: to

text: days

text: begins

question: An approved HCP results in what being issued for the species?

answer: an Incidental Take Permit (ITP)

text: an Incidental Take Permit (ITP)

question: How long do ITPs last?

answer: allow incidental takes for varying amounts of time

text: allow incidental takes for varying amounts of time

question: How is the public made aware of ITP applications?

answer: A notice of the permit application action is published in the Federal Register

text: A notice of the permit application action is published in the Federal Register

question: How long does the public have to comment on ITP applications?

answer: 30 to 90 days

text: 30 to 90 days

question: What is issued if an HCP is rejected?

text: Take Permit (ITP)

question: How long does an HCP last for?

text: varying amounts of time

question: What state is San Bruno in?

text: Florida

question: What do not apply when a permit is issued?

text: other federal laws

question: What entity publishes the HCP for public comment?

text: Federal Register


text: The elevator motor was located at the top of the shaft or beside the bottom of the shaft. Pushing the handle forward would cause the cab to rise; backwards would make it sink. The harder the pressure, the faster the elevator would move. The handle also served as a dead man switch: if the operator let go of the handle, it would return to its upright position, causing the elevator cab to stop. In time, safety interlocks would ensure that the inner and outer doors were closed before the elevator was allowed to move.

title: Elevator

title: Elevator

text: The

text: elevator

text: motor

text: was

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: top

text: of

text: the

text: shaft

text: or

text: beside

text: the

text: bottom

text: of

text: the

text: shaft

text: Pushing

text: the

text: handle

text: forward

text: would

text: cause

text: the

text: cab

text: to

text: rise

text: backwards

text: would

text: make

text: it

text: sink

text: The

text: harder

text: the

text: pressure

text: the

text: faster

text: the

text: elevator

text: would

text: move

text: The

text: handle

text: also

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: dead

text: man

text: switch

text: if

text: the

text: operator

text: let

text: go

text: of

text: the

text: handle

text: it

text: would

text: return

text: to

text: its

text: upright

text: position

text: causing

text: the

text: elevator

text: cab

text: to

text: stop

text: In

text: time

text: safety

text: interlocks

text: would

text: ensure

text: that

text: the

text: inner

text: and

text: outer

text: doors

text: were

text: closed

text: before

text: the

text: elevator

text: was

text: allowed

text: to

text: move

question: Where is the elevator motor found?

answer: at the top of the shaft or beside the bottom of the shaft

text: at the top of the shaft or beside the bottom of the shaft

question: Moving the helve forward causes the cab to do what?

answer: to rise

text: to rise

question: The more pressure applied to the handle caused what?

answer: the faster the elevator would move

text: the faster the elevator would move

question: Why was the handle considered a "dead man switch"?

answer: if the operator let go of the handle, it would return to its upright position, causing the elevator cab to stop

text: if the operator let go of the handle, it would return to its upright position, causing the elevator cab to stop

question: Eventually safety locks were used to guarantee what?

answer: that the inner and outer doors were closed before the elevator was allowed to move

text: that the inner and outer doors were closed before the elevator was allowed to move


text: Theories of coregulation describe communication as a creative and dynamic continuous process, rather than a discrete exchange of information. Canadian media scholar Harold Innis had the theory that people use different types of media to communicate and which one they choose to use will offer different possibilities for the shape and durability of society (Wark, McKenzie 1997). His famous example of this is using ancient Egypt and looking at the ways they built themselves out of media with very different properties stone and papyrus. Papyrus is what he called 'Space Binding'. it made possible the transmission of written orders across space, empires and enables the waging of distant military campaigns and colonial administration. The other is stone and 'Time Binding', through the construction of temples and the pyramids can sustain their authority generation to generation, through this media they can change and shape communication in their society (Wark, McKenzie 1997).

title: Communication

title: Communication

text: Theories

text: of

text: coregulation

text: describe

text: communication

text: as

text: a

text: creative

text: and

text: dynamic

text: continuous

text: process

text: rather

text: than

text: a

text: discrete

text: exchange

text: of

text: information

text: Canadian

text: media

text: scholar

text: Harold

text: Innis

text: had

text: the

text: theory

text: that

text: people

text: use

text: different

text: types

text: of

text: media

text: to

text: communicate

text: and

text: which

text: one

text: they

text: choose

text: to

text: use

text: will

text: offer

text: different

text: possibilities

text: for

text: the

text: shape

text: and

text: durability

text: of

text: society

text: Wark

text: McKenzie

text: His

text: famous

text: example

text: of

text: this

text: is

text: using

text: ancient

text: Egypt

text: and

text: looking

text: at

text: the

text: ways

text: they

text: built

text: themselves

text: out

text: of

text: media

text: with

text: very

text: different

text: properties

text: stone

text: and

text: papyrus

text: Papyrus

text: is

text: what

text: he

text: called

text: Space

text: Binding

text: it

text: made

text: possible

text: the

text: transmission

text: of

text: written

text: orders

text: across

text: space

text: empires

text: and

text: enables

text: the

text: waging

text: of

text: distant

text: military

text: campaigns

text: and

text: colonial

text: administration

text: The

text: other

text: is

text: stone

text: and

text: Time

text: Binding

text: through

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: temples

text: and

text: the

text: pyramids

text: can

text: sustain

text: their

text: authority

text: generation

text: to

text: generation

text: through

text: this

text: media

text: they

text: can

text: change

text: and

text: shape

text: communication

text: in

text: their

text: society

text: Wark

text: McKenzie

question: What describes communication as creative and dynamic rather than discrete?

answer: Theories of coregulation

text: Theories of coregulation

question: Who theorized that the types of media people use to communicate will offer different possibilities for the shape of society?

answer: Harold Innis

text: Harold Innis

question: What ancient civilization did Harold Innis use as an example of his theory?

answer: Egypt

text: Egypt

question: What did Harold Innis call papyrus?

answer: Space Binding

text: Space Binding

question: What did Space Binding make possible for the ancient Egyptian civilizations?

answer: transmission of written orders across space, empires

text: transmission of written orders across space, empires

question: Wark and McKenzie had a theory that people use different types of what to communicate?

text: media

question: Ancient Rome was the famous example of the theory of whom?

text: Harold Innis

question: Using the media to water, people can change and shape communication where?

text: in their society

question: Describing communication as a creative but not a dynamic continuous process is the definition of what?

text: Theories of coregulation

question: Using the same media for communication will offer possibilities for what?

text: the shape and durability of society


text: In 361, after the death of Emperor Constantius, shortly followed by the murder of the very unpopular Bishop George, Athanasius returned to his patriarchate. The following year he convened a council at Alexandria, and presided over it with Eusebius of Vercelli. Athanasius appealed for unity among all those who had faith in Christianity, even if they differed on matters of terminology. This prepared the groundwork for his definition of the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity. However, the council also was directed against those who denied the divinity of the Holy Spirit, the human soul of Christ, and Christ's divinity. Mild measures were agreed on for those heretic bishops who repented, but severe penance was decreed for the chief leaders of the major heresies.

title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

text: In

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Emperor

text: Constantius

text: shortly

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: murder

text: of

text: the

text: very

text: unpopular

text: Bishop

text: George

text: Athanasius

text: returned

text: to

text: his

text: patriarchate

text: The

text: following

text: year

text: he

text: convened

text: a

text: council

text: at

text: Alexandria

text: and

text: presided

text: over

text: it

text: with

text: Eusebius

text: of

text: Vercelli

text: Athanasius

text: appealed

text: for

text: unity

text: among

text: all

text: those

text: who

text: had

text: faith

text: in

text: Christianity

text: even

text: if

text: they

text: differed

text: on

text: matters

text: of

text: terminology

text: This

text: prepared

text: the

text: groundwork

text: for

text: his

text: definition

text: of

text: the

text: orthodox

text: doctrine

text: of

text: the

text: Trinity

text: However

text: the

text: council

text: also

text: was

text: directed

text: against

text: those

text: who

text: denied

text: the

text: divinity

text: of

text: the

text: Holy

text: Spirit

text: the

text: human

text: soul

text: of

text: Christ

text: and

text: Christ

text: 's

text: divinity

text: Mild

text: measures

text: were

text: agreed

text: on

text: for

text: those

text: heretic

text: bishops

text: who

text: repented

text: but

text: severe

text: penance

text: was

text: decreed

text: for

text: the

text: chief

text: leaders

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: heresies

question: What happened to Bishop George?

answer: murder

text: murder

question: What happened to Bishop leaders who did not agree with the doctrine?

answer: severe penance

text: severe penance

question: When did Athanasius return to his position as Patriarch?

answer: after the death of Emperor Constantius

text: after the death of Emperor Constantius

question: Who joined him when he formed a council to encourage unity among Christians?

answer: Eusebius of Vercelli

text: Eusebius of Vercelli

question: What happened in 362?

text: death of Emperor Constantius

question: What happened to Bishop leaders who agreed with the doctrine?

text: severe penance

question: When did Athanasius return to his position as pope?

text: after the death of Emperor Constantius

question: Who left him when he formed a council to encourage unity among Christians?

text: Eusebius of Vercelli


text: According to the Census Bureau, the median household income in 2013 was $36,836, down 7.9 percent from 2008 when the median household income was $40,008 (in 2013 dollars). For comparison, the median household income among metropolitan areas was $60,482, down 8.2 percent in the same period, and the national median household income was $55,250, down 7.0 percent from 2008. The city's wealth disparity is evident when neighborhoods are compared. Residents in Society Hill had a median household income of $93,720 while residents in one of North Philadelphia's districts reported the lowest median household income, $14,185.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: Census

text: Bureau

text: the

text: median

text: household

text: income

text: in

text: was

text: down

text: percent

text: from

text: when

text: the

text: median

text: household

text: income

text: was

text: in

text: dollars

text: For

text: comparison

text: the

text: median

text: household

text: income

text: among

text: metropolitan

text: areas

text: was

text: down

text: percent

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: period

text: and

text: the

text: national

text: median

text: household

text: income

text: was

text: down

text: percent

text: from

text: The

text: city

text: 's

text: wealth

text: disparity

text: is

text: evident

text: when

text: neighborhoods

text: are

text: compared

text: Residents

text: in

text: Society

text: Hill

text: had

text: a

text: median

text: household

text: income

text: of

text: while

text: residents

text: in

text: one

text: of

text: North

text: Philadelphia

text: 's

text: districts

text: reported

text: the

text: lowest

text: median

text: household

text: income

question: What was the median household income in 2013?

answer: $36,836

question: What is the name of a wealthy neighborhood?

answer: Society Hill

text: Society Hill

question: What is the lowest median income in Philadelphia?

answer: $14,185


text: As of 18 June 2012, the ECB in total had spent €212.1bn (equal to 2.2% of the Eurozone GDP) for bond purchases covering outright debt, as part of its Securities Markets Programme (SMP) running since May 2010. On 6 September 2012, the ECB announced a new plan for buying bonds from eurozone countries. The duration of the previous SMP was temporary, while the Outright Monetary Transactions (OMT) programme has no ex-ante time or size limit. On 4 September 2014, the bank went further by announcing it would buy bonds and other debt instruments primarily from banks in a bid to boost the availability of credit for businesses.

title: European_Central_Bank

title: European_Central_Bank

text: As

text: of

text: June

text: the

text: ECB

text: in

text: total

text: had

text: spent

text: equal

text: to

text: of

text: the

text: Eurozone

text: GDP

text: for

text: bond

text: purchases

text: covering

text: outright

text: debt

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: its

text: Securities

text: Markets

text: Programme

text: SMP

text: running

text: since

text: May

text: On

text: September

text: the

text: ECB

text: announced

text: a

text: new

text: plan

text: for

text: buying

text: bonds

text: from

text: eurozone

text: countries

text: The

text: duration

text: of

text: the

text: previous

text: SMP

text: was

text: temporary

text: while

text: the

text: Outright

text: Monetary

text: Transactions

text: OMT

text: programme

text: has

text: no

text: ex

text: ante

text: time

text: or

text: size

text: limit

text: On

text: September

text: the

text: bank

text: went

text: further

text: by

text: announcing

text: it

text: would

text: buy

text: bonds

text: and

text: other

text: debt

text: instruments

text: primarily

text: from

text: banks

text: in

text: a

text: bid

text: to

text: boost

text: the

text: availability

text: of

text: credit

text: for

text: businesses

question: By 2012, how much did the ECB spend in covering bad debt?

answer: €212.1bn

question: How does the ECB plan to increase the available credit for businesses?

answer: Outright Monetary Transactions

text: Outright Monetary Transactions

question: What is the duration of the Outright Monetary Transactions program?

answer: no ex-ante time or size limit

text: no ex-ante time or size limit

question: When was the new idea for the purchasing of eurozone bonds announced?

answer: 6 September 2012

text: 6 September 2012

question: How long was the duration of the Securities Markets Programme to last?

answer: temporary

text: temporary

question: Wow much did the ECB steal in order to cover bad debt?

question: How does the ECB plan to decrease the available credit for businesses?

text: Outright Monetary Transactions

question: What is the rejected duration of the Outright Monetary Transactions program?

text: no ex-ante time or size limit

question: When was the new idea for the purchasing of eurozone bonds declined?

text: 6 September 2012

question: How long was the duration of the Securities Markets Programme that never happened?

text: temporary


text: In the 12th and 13th centuries, Europe produced economic growth and innovations in methods of production. Major technological advances included the invention of the windmill, the first mechanical clocks, the manufacture of distilled spirits, and the use of the astrolabe. Concave spectacles were invented around 1286 by an unknown Italian artisan, probably working in or near Pisa.

title: Middle_Ages

title: Middle_Ages

text: In

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: Europe

text: produced

text: economic

text: growth

text: and

text: innovations

text: in

text: methods

text: of

text: production

text: Major

text: technological

text: advances

text: included

text: the

text: invention

text: of

text: the

text: windmill

text: the

text: first

text: mechanical

text: clocks

text: the

text: manufacture

text: of

text: distilled

text: spirits

text: and

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: astrolabe

text: Concave

text: spectacles

text: were

text: invented

text: around

text: by

text: an

text: unknown

text: Italian

text: artisan

text: probably

text: working

text: in

text: or

text: near

text: Pisa

question: Along with the astrolabe, windmill and distilled spirits, what was a notable technological advancement of the 12th and 13th centuries?

answer: mechanical clocks

text: mechanical clocks

question: What was invented in approximately 1286?

answer: Concave spectacles

text: Concave spectacles

question: Near what city were concave spectacles invented?

answer: Pisa

text: Pisa


text: Beneath the plain lies the Biscayne Aquifer, a natural underground source of fresh water that extends from southern Palm Beach County to Florida Bay, with its highest point peaking around the cities of Miami Springs and Hialeah. Most of the Miami metropolitan area obtains its drinking water from this aquifer. As a result of the aquifer, it is not possible to dig more than 15 to 20 ft (5 to 6 m) beneath the city without hitting water, which impedes underground construction, though some underground parking garages exist. For this reason, the mass transit systems in and around Miami are elevated or at-grade.[citation needed]

title: Miami

title: Miami

text: Beneath

text: the

text: plain

text: lies

text: the

text: Biscayne

text: Aquifer

text: a

text: natural

text: underground

text: source

text: of

text: fresh

text: water

text: that

text: extends

text: from

text: southern

text: Palm

text: Beach

text: County

text: to

text: Florida

text: Bay

text: with

text: its

text: highest

text: point

text: peaking

text: around

text: the

text: cities

text: of

text: Miami

text: Springs

text: and

text: Hialeah

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: Miami

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: obtains

text: its

text: drinking

text: water

text: from

text: this

text: aquifer

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: aquifer

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: possible

text: to

text: dig

text: more

text: than

text: to

text: ft

text: to

text: m

text: beneath

text: the

text: city

text: without

text: hitting

text: water

text: which

text: impedes

text: underground

text: construction

text: though

text: some

text: underground

text: parking

text: garages

text: exist

text: For

text: this

text: reason

text: the

text: mass

text: transit

text: systems

text: in

text: and

text: around

text: Miami

text: are

text: elevated

text: or

text: at

text: grade.[citation

text: needed

question: Along with Miami Springs, where is the highest point of the Biscayne Aquifer?

answer: Hialeah

text: Hialeah

question: The Biscayne Aquifer stretches from Palm Beach County to where?

answer: Florida Bay

text: Florida Bay

question: After digging how many meters is one sure to reach running water in Miami?

answer: 5 to 6

text: 5 to 6

question: What is limited by Miami's high water table?

answer: underground construction

text: underground construction

question: Along with Miami Springs, where is the lowest point of the Biscayne Aquifer?

text: Hialeah

question: The Biscayne Aquifer stretches from Palm Beach County to when?

text: Florida Bay

question: After digging how many meters is one not sure to reach running water in Miami?

text: 5 to 6 m

question: After digging how many meters is one sure to reach running oil in Miami?

text: 5 to 6 m

question: What is unlimited by Miami's high water table?

text: underground construction


text: The three desktop editions of Windows 8 support 32-bit and 64-bit architectures; retail copies of Windows 8 include install DVDs for both architectures, while the online installer automatically installs the version corresponding with the architecture of the system's existing Windows installation. The 32-bit version runs on CPUs compatible with x86 architecture 3rd generation (known as IA-32) or newer, and can run 32-bit and 16-bit applications, although 16-bit support must be enabled first. (16-bit applications are developed for CPUs compatible with x86 2nd generation, first conceived in 1978. Microsoft started moving away from this architecture after Windows 95.)

title: Windows_8

title: Windows_8

text: The

text: three

text: desktop

text: editions

text: of

text: Windows

text: support

text: and

text: architectures

text: retail

text: copies

text: of

text: Windows

text: include

text: install

text: DVDs

text: for

text: both

text: architectures

text: while

text: the

text: online

text: installer

text: automatically

text: installs

text: the

text: version

text: corresponding

text: with

text: the

text: architecture

text: of

text: the

text: system

text: 's

text: existing

text: Windows

text: installation

text: The

text: version

text: runs

text: on

text: CPUs

text: compatible

text: with

text: architecture

text: generation

text: known

text: as

text: or

text: newer

text: and

text: can

text: run

text: and

text: applications

text: although

text: support

text: must

text: be

text: enabled

text: first

text: applications

text: are

text: developed

text: for

text: CPUs

text: compatible

text: with

text: generation

text: first

text: conceived

text: in

text: Microsoft

text: started

text: moving

text: away

text: from

text: this

text: architecture

text: after

text: Windows

question: What architecture types does Windows 8 support?

answer: 32-bit and 64-bit

text: 32-bit and 64-bit

question: What is 16-bit support intended for?

answer: CPUs compatible with x86 2nd generation

text: CPUs compatible with x86 2nd generation

question: When was x86 2nd generation created?

answer: 1978

question: How does the online Windows installer know which version to install?

answer: automatically installs the version corresponding with the architecture of the system's existing Windows installation

text: automatically installs the version corresponding with the architecture of the system's existing Windows installation

question: What architecture types does Windows 9 support?

text: 32-bit and 64-bit

question: What architecture types doesn't Windows 8 support?

text: 32-bit and 64-bit

question: What is 61-bit support intended for?

text: CPUs compatible with x86 2nd generation

question: When was x68 2nd generation created?

question: How does the online Windows installer know which version to uninstall?


text: The economy of Tibet is dominated by subsistence agriculture, though tourism has become a growing industry in recent decades. The dominant religion in Tibet is Tibetan Buddhism; in addition there is Bön, which is similar to Tibetan Buddhism, and there are also Tibetan Muslims and Christian minorities. Tibetan Buddhism is a primary influence on the art, music, and festivals of the region. Tibetan architecture reflects Chinese and Indian influences. Staple foods in Tibet are roasted barley, yak meat, and butter tea.

title: Tibet

title: Tibet

text: The

text: economy

text: of

text: Tibet

text: is

text: dominated

text: by

text: subsistence

text: agriculture

text: though

text: tourism

text: has

text: become

text: a

text: growing

text: industry

text: in

text: recent

text: decades

text: The

text: dominant

text: religion

text: in

text: Tibet

text: is

text: Tibetan

text: Buddhism

text: in

text: addition

text: there

text: is

text: Bön

text: which

text: is

text: similar

text: to

text: Tibetan

text: Buddhism

text: and

text: there

text: are

text: also

text: Tibetan

text: Muslims

text: and

text: Christian

text: minorities

text: Tibetan

text: Buddhism

text: is

text: a

text: primary

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: art

text: music

text: and

text: festivals

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: Tibetan

text: architecture

text: reflects

text: Chinese

text: and

text: Indian

text: influences

text: Staple

text: foods

text: in

text: Tibet

text: are

text: roasted

text: barley

text: yak

text: meat

text: and

text: butter

text: tea

question: What is the economy of Tibet dominated by?

answer: subsistence agriculture

text: subsistence agriculture

question: What has recently become a growing industry in Tibet?

answer: tourism

text: tourism

question: What is the dominant religion in Tibet?

answer: Tibetan Buddhism

text: Tibetan Buddhism

question: What is a staple food in Tibet?

answer: yak meat

text: yak meat

question: Which two cultures does Tibetan architecture reflect?

answer: Chinese and Indian

text: Chinese and Indian

question: What is dominated by tourism?

text: The economy of Tibet

question: What dominant system is Bon?

text: religion

question: What are staple foods in Chinese areas?

question: What is the primary influence on staple foods in Tibet?

text: Tibetan Buddhism


text: Another principal tool in the diagnosis of infectious disease is microscopy. Virtually all of the culture techniques discussed above rely, at some point, on microscopic examination for definitive identification of the infectious agent. Microscopy may be carried out with simple instruments, such as the compound light microscope, or with instruments as complex as an electron microscope. Samples obtained from patients may be viewed directly under the light microscope, and can often rapidly lead to identification. Microscopy is often also used in conjunction with biochemical staining techniques, and can be made exquisitely specific when used in combination with antibody based techniques. For example, the use of antibodies made artificially fluorescent (fluorescently labeled antibodies) can be directed to bind to and identify a specific antigens present on a pathogen. A fluorescence microscope is then used to detect fluorescently labeled antibodies bound to internalized antigens within clinical samples or cultured cells. This technique is especially useful in the diagnosis of viral diseases, where the light microscope is incapable of identifying a virus directly.

title: Infection

title: Infection

text: Another

text: principal

text: tool

text: in

text: the

text: diagnosis

text: of

text: infectious

text: disease

text: is

text: microscopy

text: Virtually

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: culture

text: techniques

text: discussed

text: above

text: rely

text: at

text: some

text: point

text: on

text: microscopic

text: examination

text: for

text: definitive

text: identification

text: of

text: the

text: infectious

text: agent

text: Microscopy

text: may

text: be

text: carried

text: out

text: with

text: simple

text: instruments

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: compound

text: light

text: microscope

text: or

text: with

text: instruments

text: as

text: complex

text: as

text: an

text: electron

text: microscope

text: Samples

text: obtained

text: from

text: patients

text: may

text: be

text: viewed

text: directly

text: under

text: the

text: light

text: microscope

text: and

text: can

text: often

text: rapidly

text: lead

text: to

text: identification

text: Microscopy

text: is

text: often

text: also

text: used

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: biochemical

text: staining

text: techniques

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: exquisitely

text: specific

text: when

text: used

text: in

text: combination

text: with

text: antibody

text: based

text: techniques

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: antibodies

text: made

text: artificially

text: fluorescent

text: fluorescently

text: labeled

text: antibodies

text: can

text: be

text: directed

text: to

text: bind

text: to

text: and

text: identify

text: a

text: specific

text: antigens

text: present

text: on

text: a

text: pathogen

text: A

text: fluorescence

text: microscope

text: is

text: then

text: used

text: to

text: detect

text: fluorescently

text: labeled

text: antibodies

text: bound

text: to

text: internalized

text: antigens

text: within

text: clinical

text: samples

text: or

text: cultured

text: cells

text: This

text: technique

text: is

text: especially

text: useful

text: in

text: the

text: diagnosis

text: of

text: viral

text: diseases

text: where

text: the

text: light

text: microscope

text: is

text: incapable

text: of

text: identifying

text: a

text: virus

text: directly

question: What is microscopy used for?

answer: diagnosis of infectious disease

text: diagnosis of infectious disease

question: What do virtually all culture techniques rely on at some point?

answer: microscopic examination

text: microscopic examination

question: What can samples obtained from patients viewed directly under?

answer: light microscope

text: light microscope

question: When is microscopy exquisitely specific?

answer: when used in combination with antibody based techniques.

text: when used in combination with antibody based techniques.

question: What can antibodies with artificial fluorescence be directed to do?

answer: bind to and identify a specific antigens present on a pathogen

text: bind to and identify a specific antigens present on a pathogen

question: What is microscopy unnecessary for?

text: diagnosis of infectious disease

question: What do virtually no culture techniques rely on at some point?

text: microscopic examination

question: What can samples obtained from patients be viewed by from far away?

text: light microscope

question: When is microscopy exquisitely useless?

question: What are antibodies with artificial fluorescence unable to do?


text: In Belgium, the sanction royale has the same legal effect as royal assent; the Belgian constitution requires a theoretically possible refusal of royal sanction to be countersigned—as any other act of the monarch—by a minister responsible before the House of Representatives. The monarch promulgates the law, meaning that he or she formally orders that the law be officially published and executed. In 1990, when King Baudouin advised his cabinet he could not, in conscience, sign a bill decriminalising abortion (a refusal patently not covered by a responsible minister), the Council of Ministers, at the King's own request, declared Baudouin incapable of exercising his powers. In accordance with the Belgian constitution, upon the declaration of the sovereign's incapacity, the Council of Ministers assumed the powers of the head of state until parliament could rule on the King's incapacity and appoint a regent. The bill was then assented to by all members of the Council of Ministers "on behalf of the Belgian People". In a joint meeting, both houses of parliament declared the King capable of exercising his powers again the next day.

title: Royal_assent

title: Royal_assent

text: In

text: Belgium

text: the

text: sanction

text: royale

text: has

text: the

text: same

text: legal

text: effect

text: as

text: royal

text: assent

text: the

text: Belgian

text: constitution

text: requires

text: a

text: theoretically

text: possible

text: refusal

text: of

text: royal

text: sanction

text: to

text: be

text: countersigned

text: as

text: any

text: other

text: act

text: of

text: the

text: monarch

text: by

text: a

text: minister

text: responsible

text: before

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Representatives

text: The

text: monarch

text: promulgates

text: the

text: law

text: meaning

text: that

text: he

text: or

text: she

text: formally

text: orders

text: that

text: the

text: law

text: be

text: officially

text: published

text: and

text: executed

text: In

text: when

text: King

text: Baudouin

text: advised

text: his

text: cabinet

text: he

text: could

text: not

text: in

text: conscience

text: sign

text: a

text: bill

text: decriminalising

text: abortion

text: a

text: refusal

text: patently

text: not

text: covered

text: by

text: a

text: responsible

text: minister

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: Ministers

text: at

text: the

text: King

text: 's

text: own

text: request

text: declared

text: Baudouin

text: incapable

text: of

text: exercising

text: his

text: powers

text: In

text: accordance

text: with

text: the

text: Belgian

text: constitution

text: upon

text: the

text: declaration

text: of

text: the

text: sovereign

text: 's

text: incapacity

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: Ministers

text: assumed

text: the

text: powers

text: of

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: state

text: until

text: parliament

text: could

text: rule

text: on

text: the

text: King

text: 's

text: incapacity

text: and

text: appoint

text: a

text: regent

text: The

text: bill

text: was

text: then

text: assented

text: to

text: by

text: all

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: Ministers

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: the

text: Belgian

text: People

text: In

text: a

text: joint

text: meeting

text: both

text: houses

text: of

text: parliament

text: declared

text: the

text: King

text: capable

text: of

text: exercising

text: his

text: powers

text: again

text: the

text: next

text: day

question: What is royal assent called in Belgium?

answer: sanction royale

text: sanction royale

question: Who declared the monarch incapable of acting upon an abortion decriminalization bill in 1990?

answer: Council of Ministers

text: Council of Ministers

question: Which King refused to sign an abortion decriminalization bill in 1990?

answer: King Baudouin

text: King Baudouin

question: Who declared the King capable of excersizing power again after a brief lapse in 1990?

answer: both houses of parliament

text: both houses of parliament

question: In Bulgaria, what has the same effect as royal assent?

text: the sanction royale

question: King Bedoin refused to sign a bill in what year?

question: Both houses declared King Baudouin incapable of exercising his powers in what type of meeting?

text: joint

question: King Baudouin signed a bill criminalizing abortion in what year?


text: Kerry and his second wife, Mozambican-born businesswoman and philanthropist Maria Teresa Thierstein Simões Ferreira (known as Teresa), the widow of Kerry's late Pennsylvania Republican Senate colleague Henry John Heinz III, were introduced to each other by Heinz at an Earth Day rally in 1990. Early the following year, Senator Heinz was killed in a plane crash near Lower Merion. Teresa has three sons from her previous marriage to Heinz, Henry John Heinz IV, André Thierstein Heinz, and Christopher Drake Heinz. Heinz and Kerry were married on May 26, 1995, in Nantucket, Massachusetts.

title: John_Kerry

title: John_Kerry

text: Kerry

text: and

text: his

text: second

text: wife

text: Mozambican

text: born

text: businesswoman

text: and

text: philanthropist

text: Maria

text: Teresa

text: Thierstein

text: Simões

text: Ferreira

text: known

text: as

text: Teresa

text: the

text: widow

text: of

text: Kerry

text: 's

text: late

text: Pennsylvania

text: Republican

text: Senate

text: colleague

text: Henry

text: John

text: Heinz

text: III

text: were

text: introduced

text: to

text: each

text: other

text: by

text: Heinz

text: at

text: an

text: Earth

text: Day

text: rally

text: in

text: Early

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: Senator

text: Heinz

text: was

text: killed

text: in

text: a

text: plane

text: crash

text: near

text: Lower

text: Merion

text: Teresa

text: has

text: three

text: sons

text: from

text: her

text: previous

text: marriage

text: to

text: Heinz

text: Henry

text: John

text: Heinz

text: IV

text: André

text: Thierstein

text: Heinz

text: and

text: Christopher

text: Drake

text: Heinz

text: Heinz

text: and

text: Kerry

text: were

text: married

text: on

text: May

text: in

text: Nantucket

text: Massachusetts

question: Who is Kerry's 2nd wife?

answer: Maria Teresa Thierstein Simões Ferreira

text: Maria Teresa Thierstein Simões Ferreira

question: What is Kerry's 2nd wife's nationality?

answer: Mozambican

text: Mozambican

question: Who was Kerry's 2nd wife's previous husband?

answer: Henry John Heinz III

text: Henry John Heinz III

question: When did Kerry and Teresa meet?

answer: 1990

question: Where did Kerry and Teresa meet?

answer: at an Earth Day rally

text: at an Earth Day rally


text: In 1756 and 1757 the French captured forts Oswego and William Henry from the British. The latter victory was marred when France's native allies broke the terms of capitulation and attacked the retreating British column, which was under French guard, slaughtering and scalping soldiers and taking captive many men, women and children while the French refused to protect their captives. French naval deployments in 1757 also successfully defended the key Fortress of Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island, securing the seaward approaches to Quebec.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: In

text: and

text: the

text: French

text: captured

text: forts

text: Oswego

text: and

text: William

text: Henry

text: from

text: the

text: British

text: The

text: latter

text: victory

text: was

text: marred

text: when

text: France

text: 's

text: native

text: allies

text: broke

text: the

text: terms

text: of

text: capitulation

text: and

text: attacked

text: the

text: retreating

text: British

text: column

text: which

text: was

text: under

text: French

text: guard

text: slaughtering

text: and

text: scalping

text: soldiers

text: and

text: taking

text: captive

text: many

text: men

text: women

text: and

text: children

text: while

text: the

text: French

text: refused

text: to

text: protect

text: their

text: captives

text: French

text: naval

text: deployments

text: in

text: also

text: successfully

text: defended

text: the

text: key

text: Fortress

text: of

text: Louisbourg

text: on

text: Cape

text: Breton

text: Island

text: securing

text: the

text: seaward

text: approaches

text: to

text: Quebec

question: Who assisted the French in taking forts Oswego and William Henry?

answer: France's native allies

text: France's native allies

question: How did France's native allies treat the British prisoners?

answer: slaughtering and scalping soldiers and taking captive many men, women and children

text: slaughtering and scalping soldiers and taking captive many men, women and children

question: How did the French guard respond to the attack on the prisoners?

answer: the French refused to protect their captives

text: the French refused to protect their captives

question: How did the French defend the Fortress of Louisbourg?

answer: French naval deployments

text: French naval deployments

question: What Canadian area had is seaward side protected by the defense of the Fortress of Louisbourg?

answer: securing the seaward approaches to Quebec.

text: securing the seaward approaches to Quebec.


text: Oklahoma City was settled on April 22, 1889, when the area known as the "Unassigned Lands" was opened for settlement in an event known as "The Land Run". Some 10,000 homesteaders settled the area that would become the capital of Oklahoma. The town grew quickly; the population doubled between 1890 and 1900. Early leaders of the development of the city included Anton Classen, John Shartel, Henry Overholser and James W. Maney.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: was

text: settled

text: on

text: April

text: when

text: the

text: area

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Unassigned

text: Lands

text: was

text: opened

text: for

text: settlement

text: in

text: an

text: event

text: known

text: as

text: The

text: Land

text: Run

text: Some

text: homesteaders

text: settled

text: the

text: area

text: that

text: would

text: become

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Oklahoma

text: The

text: town

text: grew

text: quickly

text: the

text: population

text: doubled

text: between

text: and

text: Early

text: leaders

text: of

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: included

text: Anton

text: Classen

text: John

text: Shartel

text: Henry

text: Overholser

text: and

text: James

text: W.

text: Maney

question: What was the name of the land before being called Oklahoma City?

answer: Unassigned Lands

text: Unassigned Lands

question: Who was an early leader of the city?

answer: James W. Maney

text: James W. Maney


text: Nicholas felt that, because of Russian assistance in suppressing the Hungarian revolution of 1848, Austria would side with him, or at the very least remain neutral. Austria, however, felt threatened by the Russian troops in the Balkans. On 27 February 1854, the United Kingdom and France demanded the withdrawal of Russian forces from the principalities; Austria supported them and, though it did not declare war on Russia, it refused to guarantee its neutrality. Russia's rejection of the ultimatum caused the UK and France to enter the war.

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: Nicholas

text: felt

text: that

text: because

text: of

text: Russian

text: assistance

text: in

text: suppressing

text: the

text: Hungarian

text: revolution

text: of

text: Austria

text: would

text: side

text: with

text: him

text: or

text: at

text: the

text: very

text: least

text: remain

text: neutral

text: Austria

text: however

text: felt

text: threatened

text: by

text: the

text: Russian

text: troops

text: in

text: the

text: Balkans

text: On

text: February

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: France

text: demanded

text: the

text: withdrawal

text: of

text: Russian

text: forces

text: from

text: the

text: principalities

text: Austria

text: supported

text: them

text: and

text: though

text: it

text: did

text: not

text: declare

text: war

text: on

text: Russia

text: it

text: refused

text: to

text: guarantee

text: its

text: neutrality

text: Russia

text: 's

text: rejection

text: of

text: the

text: ultimatum

text: caused

text: the

text: UK

text: and

text: France

text: to

text: enter

text: the

text: war

question: In what year did the Hungarian revolution take place?

answer: 1848

question: Who felt Austria would side with him due to the Hungarian revolution outcome?

answer: Nicholas

text: Nicholas

question: Who did Austria feel threatened by?

answer: Russian troops in the Balkans

text: Russian troops in the Balkans

question: Who wanted the Russian forces to leave the principalities?

answer: the United Kingdom and France

text: the United Kingdom and France

question: Why did the U.K and France get involved with the war against the Russia?

answer: Russia's rejection of the ultimatum

text: Russia's rejection of the ultimatum


text: Congress often enacts statutes that grant broad rulemaking authority to federal agencies. Often, Congress is simply too gridlocked to draft detailed statutes that explain how the agency should react to every possible situation, or Congress believes the agency's technical specialists are best equipped to deal with particular fact situations as they arise. Therefore, federal agencies are authorized to promulgate regulations. Under the principle of Chevron deference, regulations normally carry the force of law as long as they are based on a reasonable interpretation of the relevant statutes.

title: Law_of_the_United_States

title: Law_of_the_United_States

text: Congress

text: often

text: enacts

text: statutes

text: that

text: grant

text: broad

text: rulemaking

text: authority

text: to

text: federal

text: agencies

text: Often

text: Congress

text: is

text: simply

text: too

text: gridlocked

text: to

text: draft

text: detailed

text: statutes

text: that

text: explain

text: how

text: the

text: agency

text: should

text: react

text: to

text: every

text: possible

text: situation

text: or

text: Congress

text: believes

text: the

text: agency

text: 's

text: technical

text: specialists

text: are

text: best

text: equipped

text: to

text: deal

text: with

text: particular

text: fact

text: situations

text: as

text: they

text: arise

text: Therefore

text: federal

text: agencies

text: are

text: authorized

text: to

text: promulgate

text: regulations

text: Under

text: the

text: principle

text: of

text: Chevron

text: deference

text: regulations

text: normally

text: carry

text: the

text: force

text: of

text: law

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: they

text: are

text: based

text: on

text: a

text: reasonable

text: interpretation

text: of

text: the

text: relevant

text: statutes

question: What does congress often grant to give rulemaking authority to federal agencies?

answer: statutes

text: statutes

question: Federal agencies are authorized to make what public?

answer: regulations

text: regulations

question: Regulations normally carry the force of what?

answer: law

text: law

question: Regualtions carry force of law when based on reasonable interpretation of what?

answer: relevant statutes

text: relevant statutes

question: What power is granted to federal agencies by Congress?

answer: broad rulemaking authority

text: broad rulemaking authority

question: Why does Congress give generalized powers to federal agencies?

answer: too gridlocked to draft detailed statutes that explain how the agency should react to every possible situation

text: too gridlocked to draft detailed statutes that explain how the agency should react to every possible situation

question: What gives regulations imposed by federal agencies the right to enforce their regulations?

answer: the principle of Chevron

text: the principle of Chevron

question: What does the Principle of Chevron provide for?

answer: regulations normally carry the force of law as long as they are based on a reasonable interpretation of the relevant statutes

text: regulations normally carry the force of law as long as they are based on a reasonable interpretation of the relevant statutes

question: What do federal agencies enact for rulemaking purposes?

text: statutes

question: Gridlock allows Congress to draft what?

text: detailed statutes

question: What does Congress believe hampers an agency's ability to deal with situations?

text: technical specialists

question: Congress's state of gridlock is referred to as what principle?

text: Chevron deference

question: The Chevron deference prevents regulations from interpreting what?

text: relevant statutes


text: Ford Motor Company and Coca-Cola were two of the first sponsors of American Idol in its first season. The sponsorship deal cost around $10 million in season one, rising to $35 million by season 7, and between $50 to $60 million in season 10. The third major sponsor AT&T Wireless joined in the second season but ended after season 12, and Coca-Cola officially ended its sponsorship after season 13 amidst the declining ratings of Idol in the mid-2010s. iTunes sponsored the show since season seven.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: Ford

text: Motor

text: Company

text: and

text: Coca

text: Cola

text: were

text: two

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: sponsors

text: of

text: American

text: Idol

text: in

text: its

text: first

text: season

text: The

text: sponsorship

text: deal

text: cost

text: around

text: million

text: in

text: season

text: one

text: rising

text: to

text: million

text: by

text: season

text: and

text: between

text: to

text: million

text: in

text: season

text: The

text: third

text: major

text: sponsor

text: AT&T

text: Wireless

text: joined

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: season

text: but

text: ended

text: after

text: season

text: and

text: Coca

text: Cola

text: officially

text: ended

text: its

text: sponsorship

text: after

text: season

text: amidst

text: the

text: declining

text: ratings

text: of

text: Idol

text: in

text: the

text: iTunes

text: sponsored

text: the

text: show

text: since

text: season

text: seven

question: In which season did Coca-Cola become a sponsor of American Idol?

answer: season one

text: season one

question: In which season did Ford Motor Company become a sponsor of American Idol?

answer: season one

text: season one

question: Which mobile carrier became a sponsor of American Idol in its second season?

answer: AT&T Wireless

text: AT&T Wireless

question: When did Coca-Cola stop being a sponsor of American Idol?

answer: after season 13

text: after season 13

question: In which season did iTunes begin a partnership with American Idol?

answer: seven

text: seven

question: How much did it cost each company for the first season?

answer: 10 million

text: 10 million

question: How much did it cost each company in season 7?

answer: 35 million

text: 35 million

question: Who was the third largest sponsor?

answer: AT&T

text: AT&T


text: On June 18, 2009, the National Archives announced the launching of a YouTube channel "to showcase popular archived films, inform the public about upcoming events around the country, and bring National Archives exhibits to the people." Also in 2009, the National Archives launched a Flickr photostream to share portions of its photographic holdings with the general public. A new teaching with documents website premiered in 2010 and was developed by the education team. The website features 3,000 documents, images, and recordings from the holdings of the Archives. The site also features lesson plans and tools for creating new classroom activities and lessons.

title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

text: On

text: June

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: announced

text: the

text: launching

text: of

text: a

text: YouTube

text: channel

text: to

text: showcase

text: popular

text: archived

text: films

text: inform

text: the

text: public

text: about

text: upcoming

text: events

text: around

text: the

text: country

text: and

text: bring

text: National

text: Archives

text: exhibits

text: to

text: the

text: people

text: Also

text: in

text: the

text: National

text: Archives

text: launched

text: a

text: Flickr

text: photostream

text: to

text: share

text: portions

text: of

text: its

text: photographic

text: holdings

text: with

text: the

text: general

text: public

text: A

text: new

text: teaching

text: with

text: documents

text: website

text: premiered

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: developed

text: by

text: the

text: education

text: team

text: The

text: website

text: features

text: documents

text: images

text: and

text: recordings

text: from

text: the

text: holdings

text: of

text: the

text: Archives

text: The

text: site

text: also

text: features

text: lesson

text: plans

text: and

text: tools

text: for

text: creating

text: new

text: classroom

text: activities

text: and

text: lessons

question: Which Google affiliated website did the National Archives decide to use in 2009?

answer: YouTube

text: YouTube

question: What purpose does the National Archive YouTube channel serve?

answer: showcase popular archived films

text: showcase popular archived films

question: What online service did the National Archives decide to use to showcase its photographic holdings?

answer: Flickr

text: Flickr

question: The National Archives' educational team created a website in what year?

answer: 2010

question: On what date did YouTube begin showing videos online?

text: June 18, 2009

question: How many images are stored on the Flickr website at one time?

question: Why was the YouTube site first launched in 2010?

question: What website was created in 2009 that was developed by the public?

text: A new teaching with documents website

question: What was featured on Flickr in June 2009 for creating classroom activities and lessons?

text: lesson plans and tools


text: Graduate schools include the School of Medicine, currently ranked sixth in the nation, and the George Warren Brown School of Social Work, currently ranked first. The program in occupational therapy at Washington University currently occupies the first spot for the 2016 U.S. News & World Report rankings, and the program in physical therapy is ranked first as well. For the 2015 edition, the School of Law is ranked 18th and the Olin Business School is ranked 19th. Additionally, the Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Design was ranked ninth in the nation by the journal DesignIntelligence in its 2013 edition of "America's Best Architecture & Design Schools."

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

text: Graduate

text: schools

text: include

text: the

text: School

text: of

text: Medicine

text: currently

text: ranked

text: sixth

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: and

text: the

text: George

text: Warren

text: Brown

text: School

text: of

text: Social

text: Work

text: currently

text: ranked

text: first

text: The

text: program

text: in

text: occupational

text: therapy

text: at

text: Washington

text: University

text: currently

text: occupies

text: the

text: first

text: spot

text: for

text: the

text: U.S.

text: News

text: World

text: Report

text: rankings

text: and

text: the

text: program

text: in

text: physical

text: therapy

text: is

text: ranked

text: first

text: as

text: well

text: For

text: the

text: edition

text: the

text: School

text: of

text: Law

text: is

text: ranked

text: and

text: the

text: Olin

text: Business

text: School

text: is

text: ranked

text: Additionally

text: the

text: Graduate

text: School

text: of

text: Architecture

text: and

text: Urban

text: Design

text: was

text: ranked

text: ninth

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: by

text: the

text: journal

text: DesignIntelligence

text: in

text: its

text: edition

text: of

text: America

text: 's

text: Best

text: Architecture

text: Design

text: Schools

question: What is the current national rank of the School of Medicine at Washington University?

answer: sixth in the nation

text: sixth in the nation

question: What is the current national rank of Brown School of Social Work?

answer: currently ranked first

text: currently ranked first

question: What program at Washington University ranks first in the 2016 in the U.S. News & World Reports rankings?

answer: The program in occupational therapy

text: The program in occupational therapy

question: Where did the School of Law rank in  2015 by the U.S. News & World Reports?

answer: 18th

question: What year did the Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Design rank ninth by Designintellence?

answer: 2013

question: What School of Medicine is ranked first in the nation?

text: Washington University

question: What is the Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Designs rank as of 2016?

text: ninth

question: Who ranked the George Warren Brown School of Social Work first in the nation?

text: DesignIntelligence

question: Who ranked the Washington University School of Medicine sixth in the nation?

text: U.S. News & World Report rankings

question: What was the School of Medicine's rank in 2013?

text: first


text: Englishman Sir Francis Drake probably located the island on the final leg of his circumnavigation of the world (1577–1580). Further visits by other English explorers followed, and, once Saint Helena’s location was more widely known, English ships of war began to lie in wait in the area to attack Portuguese India carracks on their way home. In developing their Far East trade, the Dutch also began to frequent the island. The Portuguese and Spanish soon gave up regularly calling at the island, partly because they used ports along the West African coast, but also because of attacks on their shipping, the desecration of their chapel and religious icons, destruction of their livestock and destruction of plantations by Dutch and English sailors.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: Englishman

text: Sir

text: Francis

text: Drake

text: probably

text: located

text: the

text: island

text: on

text: the

text: final

text: leg

text: of

text: his

text: circumnavigation

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: Further

text: visits

text: by

text: other

text: English

text: explorers

text: followed

text: and

text: once

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: ’s

text: location

text: was

text: more

text: widely

text: known

text: English

text: ships

text: of

text: war

text: began

text: to

text: lie

text: in

text: wait

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: to

text: attack

text: Portuguese

text: India

text: carracks

text: on

text: their

text: way

text: home

text: In

text: developing

text: their

text: Far

text: East

text: trade

text: the

text: Dutch

text: also

text: began

text: to

text: frequent

text: the

text: island

text: The

text: Portuguese

text: and

text: Spanish

text: soon

text: gave

text: up

text: regularly

text: calling

text: at

text: the

text: island

text: partly

text: because

text: they

text: used

text: ports

text: along

text: the

text: West

text: African

text: coast

text: but

text: also

text: because

text: of

text: attacks

text: on

text: their

text: shipping

text: the

text: desecration

text: of

text: their

text: chapel

text: and

text: religious

text: icons

text: destruction

text: of

text: their

text: livestock

text: and

text: destruction

text: of

text: plantations

text: by

text: Dutch

text: and

text: English

text: sailors

question: Who probably located the island on their final leg of their circumnavigation trip?

answer: Englishman Sir Francis Drake

text: Englishman Sir Francis Drake

question: What did English ships of war attack on the island?

answer: Portuguese India carracks

text: Portuguese India carracks

question: Who developed a far east trade and began to frequent the island?

answer: the Dutch

text: the Dutch

question: Who gave up calling at the island due to attacks on their shipping?

answer: The Portuguese and Spanish

text: The Portuguese and Spanish


text: A pre-war plan laid out by the late Marshal Niel called for a strong French offensive from Thionville towards Trier and into the Prussian Rhineland. This plan was discarded in favour of a defensive plan by Generals Charles Frossard and Bartélemy Lebrun, which called for the Army of the Rhine to remain in a defensive posture near the German border and repel any Prussian offensive. As Austria along with Bavaria, Württemberg and Baden were expected to join in a revenge war against Prussia, I Corps would invade the Bavarian Palatinate and proceed to "free" the South German states in concert with Austro-Hungarian forces. VI Corps would reinforce either army as needed.

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: A

text: pre

text: war

text: plan

text: laid

text: out

text: by

text: the

text: late

text: Marshal

text: Niel

text: called

text: for

text: a

text: strong

text: French

text: offensive

text: from

text: Thionville

text: towards

text: Trier

text: and

text: into

text: the

text: Prussian

text: Rhineland

text: This

text: plan

text: was

text: discarded

text: in

text: favour

text: of

text: a

text: defensive

text: plan

text: by

text: Generals

text: Charles

text: Frossard

text: and

text: Bartélemy

text: Lebrun

text: which

text: called

text: for

text: the

text: Army

text: of

text: the

text: Rhine

text: to

text: remain

text: in

text: a

text: defensive

text: posture

text: near

text: the

text: German

text: border

text: and

text: repel

text: any

text: Prussian

text: offensive

text: As

text: Austria

text: along

text: with

text: Bavaria

text: Württemberg

text: and

text: Baden

text: were

text: expected

text: to

text: join

text: in

text: a

text: revenge

text: war

text: against

text: Prussia

text: I

text: Corps

text: would

text: invade

text: the

text: Bavarian

text: Palatinate

text: and

text: proceed

text: to

text: free

text: the

text: South

text: German

text: states

text: in

text: concert

text: with

text: Austro

text: Hungarian

text: forces

text: VI

text: Corps

text: would

text: reinforce

text: either

text: army

text: as

text: needed

question: Pre-war, who planned for a strong French offensive?

answer: Marshal Niel

text: Marshal Niel

question: From Thionville towards Trier, what was the final destination of the offensive?

answer: the Prussian Rhineland

text: the Prussian Rhineland

question: Niel's plan was cast aside in favour of a plan by General Frossard and what other general??

answer: Bartélemy Lebrun

text: Bartélemy Lebrun

question: The new plan called for which army to remain in a defensive grouping at the German border?

answer: Army of the Rhine

text: Army of the Rhine


text: Dreyfus writes that after the Phagmodrupa lost its centralizing power over Tibet in 1434, several attempts by other families to establish hegemonies failed over the next two centuries until 1642 with the 5th Dalai Lama's effective hegemony over Tibet.

title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

title: Sino

text: Dreyfus

text: writes

text: that

text: after

text: the

text: Phagmodrupa

text: lost

text: its

text: centralizing

text: power

text: over

text: Tibet

text: in

text: several

text: attempts

text: by

text: other

text: families

text: to

text: establish

text: hegemonies

text: failed

text: over

text: the

text: next

text: two

text: centuries

text: until

text: with

text: the

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: 's

text: effective

text: hegemony

text: over

text: Tibet

question: Who lost their power over Tibet?

answer: the Phagmodrupa

text: the Phagmodrupa

question: What year did the Phagmodrupa lose their power over Tibet?

answer: 1434

question: What year did the 5th Dalai lama start to dominate over Tibet?

answer: 1642

question: What did the other families fail to establish?

answer: hegemonies

text: hegemonies


text: Seen in panorama, Detroit's waterfront shows a variety of architectural styles. The post modern Neo-Gothic spires of the One Detroit Center (1993) were designed to blend with the city's Art Deco skyscrapers. Together with the Renaissance Center, they form a distinctive and recognizable skyline. Examples of the Art Deco style include the Guardian Building and Penobscot Building downtown, as well as the Fisher Building and Cadillac Place in the New Center area near Wayne State University. Among the city's prominent structures are United States' largest Fox Theatre, the Detroit Opera House, and the Detroit Institute of Arts.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: Seen

text: in

text: panorama

text: Detroit

text: 's

text: waterfront

text: shows

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: architectural

text: styles

text: The

text: post

text: modern

text: Neo

text: Gothic

text: spires

text: of

text: the

text: One

text: Detroit

text: Center

text: were

text: designed

text: to

text: blend

text: with

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: Art

text: Deco

text: skyscrapers

text: Together

text: with

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: Center

text: they

text: form

text: a

text: distinctive

text: and

text: recognizable

text: skyline

text: Examples

text: of

text: the

text: Art

text: Deco

text: style

text: include

text: the

text: Guardian

text: Building

text: and

text: Penobscot

text: Building

text: downtown

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: Fisher

text: Building

text: and

text: Cadillac

text: Place

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: Center

text: area

text: near

text: Wayne

text: State

text: University

text: Among

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: prominent

text: structures

text: are

text: United

text: States

text: largest

text: Fox

text: Theatre

text: the

text: Detroit

text: Opera

text: House

text: and

text: the

text: Detroit

text: Institute

text: of

text: Arts

question: What architectural style does One Detroit Center boast?

answer: post modern Neo-Gothic spires

text: post modern Neo-Gothic spires

question: What style does the Guardian building use?

answer: Art Deco

text: Art Deco

question: What is a famous theater in Detroit?

answer: Fox Theatre

text: Fox Theatre

question: What is a famous opera house in Detroit?

answer: Detroit Opera House

text: Detroit Opera House

question: What university is near the New Center?

answer: Wayne State University

text: Wayne State University