text: MP3 was designed by the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) as part of its MPEG-1 standard and later extended in the MPEG-2 standard. The first subgroup for audio was formed by several teams of engineers at Fraunhofer IIS, University of Hannover, AT&T-Bell Labs, Thomson-Brandt, CCETT, and others. MPEG-1 Audio (MPEG-1 Part 3), which included MPEG-1 Audio Layer I, II and III was approved as a committee draft of ISO/IEC standard in 1991, finalised in 1992 and published in 1993 (ISO/IEC 11172-3:1993). Backwards compatible MPEG-2 Audio (MPEG-2 Part 3) with additional bit rates and sample rates was published in 1995 (ISO/IEC 13818-3:1995).

title: MP3

title: MP3

text: was

text: designed

text: by

text: the

text: Moving

text: Picture

text: Experts

text: Group

text: MPEG

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: its

text: standard

text: and

text: later

text: extended

text: in

text: the

text: standard

text: The

text: first

text: subgroup

text: for

text: audio

text: was

text: formed

text: by

text: several

text: teams

text: of

text: engineers

text: at

text: Fraunhofer

text: IIS

text: University

text: of

text: Hannover

text: AT&T

text: Bell

text: Labs

text: Thomson

text: Brandt

text: CCETT

text: and

text: others

text: Audio

text: Part

text: which

text: included

text: Audio

text: Layer

text: I

text: II

text: and

text: III

text: was

text: approved

text: as

text: a

text: committee

text: draft

text: of

text: ISO

text: IEC

text: standard

text: in

text: finalised

text: in

text: and

text: published

text: in

text: ISO

text: IEC

text: Backwards

text: compatible

text: Audio

text: Part

text: with

text: additional

text: bit

text: rates

text: and

text: sample

text: rates

text: was

text: published

text: in

text: ISO

text: IEC

question: Who designed MP3?

answer: Moving Picture Experts Group

text: Moving Picture Experts Group

question: What was the first standard that this group had?

answer: MPEG-1

question: The first standard later developed into which standard?

answer: MPEG-2

question: When was the draft passed to have MPEG-1 Audio approved as a standard?

answer: 1991

question: When was MPEG-2 Audio finally published?

answer: 1995


text: Magnates often received gifts from monarchs, which significantly increased their wealth. Often, those gifts were only temporary leases, which the magnates never returned (in the 16th century, the anti-magnate opposition among szlachta was known as the ruch egzekucji praw—movement for execution of the laws—which demanded that all such possessions are returned to their proper owner, the king).

title: Szlachta

title: Szlachta

text: Magnates

text: often

text: received

text: gifts

text: from

text: monarchs

text: which

text: significantly

text: increased

text: their

text: wealth

text: Often

text: those

text: gifts

text: were

text: only

text: temporary

text: leases

text: which

text: the

text: magnates

text: never

text: returned

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: anti

text: magnate

text: opposition

text: among

text: szlachta

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: ruch

text: egzekucji

text: praw

text: movement

text: for

text: execution

text: of

text: the

text: laws

text: which

text: demanded

text: that

text: all

text: such

text: possessions

text: are

text: returned

text: to

text: their

text: proper

text: owner

text: the

text: king

question: Magnates recieved gifts often from who?

answer: monarchs

text: monarchs

question: What significantly increased the magnates wealth?

answer: Magnates

text: Magnates

question: What terms were these gifts given?

answer: temporary leases

text: temporary leases

question: What did the magnates do eventually with the gifts?

answer: never returned

text: never returned


text: Traditionally, simple carbohydrates are believed to be absorbed quickly, and therefore to raise blood-glucose levels more rapidly than complex carbohydrates. This, however, is not accurate. Some simple carbohydrates (e.g., fructose) follow different metabolic pathways (e.g., fructolysis) that result in only a partial catabolism to glucose, while, in essence, many complex carbohydrates may be digested at the same rate as simple carbohydrates. Glucose stimulates the production of insulin through food entering the bloodstream, which is grasped by the beta cells in the pancreas.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: Traditionally

text: simple

text: carbohydrates

text: are

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: absorbed

text: quickly

text: and

text: therefore

text: to

text: raise

text: blood

text: glucose

text: levels

text: more

text: rapidly

text: than

text: complex

text: carbohydrates

text: This

text: however

text: is

text: not

text: accurate

text: Some

text: simple

text: carbohydrates

text: e.g.

text: fructose

text: follow

text: different

text: metabolic

text: pathways

text: e.g.

text: fructolysis

text: that

text: result

text: in

text: only

text: a

text: partial

text: catabolism

text: to

text: glucose

text: while

text: in

text: essence

text: many

text: complex

text: carbohydrates

text: may

text: be

text: digested

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: rate

text: as

text: simple

text: carbohydrates

text: Glucose

text: stimulates

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: insulin

text: through

text: food

text: entering

text: the

text: bloodstream

text: which

text: is

text: grasped

text: by

text: the

text: beta

text: cells

text: in

text: the

text: pancreas

question: What was traditionally believed to be absorbed quickly causing blood - glucose levels to rapidly rise?

answer: simple carbohydrates

text: simple carbohydrates

question: What is an example of a simple carbohydrate?

answer: fructose

text: fructose

question: When simple carbohydrates undergo metabolic pathways, what do they result in after partial catabolism?

answer: glucose

text: glucose

question: What is glucose able to stimulate that is required in the human body?

answer: production of insulin

text: production of insulin

question: Where are beta cells that attach to insulin located?

answer: pancreas

text: pancreas


text: In Europe, it is the provision of accommodation, if anything, that now distinguishes inns from taverns, alehouses and pubs. The latter tend to provide alcohol (and, in the UK, soft drinks and often food), but less commonly accommodation. Inns tend to be older and grander establishments: historically they provided not only food and lodging, but also stabling and fodder for the traveller's horse(s) and on some roads fresh horses for the mail coach. Famous London inns include The George, Southwark and The Tabard. There is however no longer a formal distinction between an inn and other kinds of establishment. Many pubs use "Inn" in their name, either because they are long established former coaching inns, or to summon up a particular kind of image, or in many cases simply as a pun on the word "in", as in "The Welcome Inn", the name of many pubs in Scotland.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: In

text: Europe

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: provision

text: of

text: accommodation

text: if

text: anything

text: that

text: now

text: distinguishes

text: inns

text: from

text: taverns

text: alehouses

text: and

text: pubs

text: The

text: latter

text: tend

text: to

text: provide

text: alcohol

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: soft

text: drinks

text: and

text: often

text: food

text: but

text: less

text: commonly

text: accommodation

text: Inns

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: older

text: and

text: grander

text: establishments

text: historically

text: they

text: provided

text: not

text: only

text: food

text: and

text: lodging

text: but

text: also

text: stabling

text: and

text: fodder

text: for

text: the

text: traveller

text: 's

text: horse(s

text: and

text: on

text: some

text: roads

text: fresh

text: horses

text: for

text: the

text: mail

text: coach

text: Famous

text: London

text: inns

text: include

text: The

text: George

text: Southwark

text: and

text: The

text: Tabard

text: There

text: is

text: however

text: no

text: longer

text: a

text: formal

text: distinction

text: between

text: an

text: inn

text: and

text: other

text: kinds

text: of

text: establishment

text: Many

text: pubs

text: use

text: Inn

text: in

text: their

text: name

text: either

text: because

text: they

text: are

text: long

text: established

text: former

text: coaching

text: inns

text: or

text: to

text: summon

text: up

text: a

text: particular

text: kind

text: of

text: image

text: or

text: in

text: many

text: cases

text: simply

text: as

text: a

text: pun

text: on

text: the

text: word

text: in

text: as

text: in

text: The

text: Welcome

text: Inn

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: many

text: pubs

text: in

text: Scotland

question: What amenity does an inn offer that pubs, alehouses and taverns usually do not?

answer: accommodation

text: accommodation

question: In what nation's pubs is food often served?

answer: the UK

text: the UK

question: Along with Southwark and The Tabard, what is a notable London inn?

answer: The George

text: The George

question: In what country is "The Welcome Inn" frequently used as a name for pubs?

answer: Scotland

text: Scotland

question: Aside from human beings, what creature's needs were traditionally seen to at inns?

answer: horses

text: horses


text: The Dutch language has been known under a variety of names. In Middle Dutch, which was a collection of dialects, dietsc was used in Flanders and Brabant, while diets or duutsc was in use in the Northern Netherlands. It derived from the Old Germanic word theudisk, one of the first names ever used for the non-Romance languages of Western Europe, meaning (pertaining to the language) of the people, that is, the native Germanic language. The term was used as opposed to Latin, the non-native language of writing and the Catholic Church. In the first text in which it is found, dating from 784, it refers to the Germanic dialects of Britain. In the Oaths of Strasbourg (842) it appeared as teudisca to refer to the Germanic (Rhenish Franconian) portion of the oath.

title: Dutch_language

title: Dutch_language

text: The

text: Dutch

text: language

text: has

text: been

text: known

text: under

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: names

text: In

text: Middle

text: Dutch

text: which

text: was

text: a

text: collection

text: of

text: dialects

text: dietsc

text: was

text: used

text: in

text: Flanders

text: and

text: Brabant

text: while

text: diets

text: or

text: duutsc

text: was

text: in

text: use

text: in

text: the

text: Northern

text: Netherlands

text: It

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Old

text: Germanic

text: word

text: theudisk

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: names

text: ever

text: used

text: for

text: the

text: non

text: Romance

text: languages

text: of

text: Western

text: Europe

text: meaning

text: pertaining

text: to

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: people

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: native

text: Germanic

text: language

text: The

text: term

text: was

text: used

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: Latin

text: the

text: non

text: native

text: language

text: of

text: writing

text: and

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: text

text: in

text: which

text: it

text: is

text: found

text: dating

text: from

text: it

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: Germanic

text: dialects

text: of

text: Britain

text: In

text: the

text: Oaths

text: of

text: Strasbourg

text: it

text: appeared

text: as

text: teudisca

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: Germanic

text: Rhenish

text: Franconian

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: oath

question: What Old Germanic term was used to describe the non-Romance languages that developed in Europe?

answer: theudisk

text: theudisk

question: What language was used for writing and by the Catholic Church instead of the language "of the people"?

answer: Latin

text: Latin

question: The word "theudisk" was first found in a text from what year?

answer: 784

question: What year were the Oaths of Strasbourg written?

answer: 842

question: What word was used in the Oaths of Strasbourg for the oath's Germanic section?

answer: teudisca

text: teudisca


text: By the early 2000s, LaserDisc was completely replaced by DVD in the North American retail marketplace, as neither players nor software were then produced. Players were still exported to North America from Japan until the end of 2001. The format has retained some popularity among American collectors, and to a greater degree in Japan, where the format was better supported and more prevalent during its life. In Europe, LaserDisc always remained an obscure format. It was chosen by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) for the BBC Domesday Project in the mid-1980s, a school-based project to commemorate 900 years since the original Domesday Book in England. From 1991 up until the early 2000s, the BBC also used LaserDisc technology to play out the channel idents.

title: LaserDisc

title: LaserDisc

text: By

text: the

text: early

text: LaserDisc

text: was

text: completely

text: replaced

text: by

text: DVD

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: retail

text: marketplace

text: as

text: neither

text: players

text: nor

text: software

text: were

text: then

text: produced

text: Players

text: were

text: still

text: exported

text: to

text: North

text: America

text: from

text: Japan

text: until

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: The

text: format

text: has

text: retained

text: some

text: popularity

text: among

text: American

text: collectors

text: and

text: to

text: a

text: greater

text: degree

text: in

text: Japan

text: where

text: the

text: format

text: was

text: better

text: supported

text: and

text: more

text: prevalent

text: during

text: its

text: life

text: In

text: Europe

text: LaserDisc

text: always

text: remained

text: an

text: obscure

text: format

text: It

text: was

text: chosen

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: Broadcasting

text: Corporation

text: BBC

text: for

text: the

text: BBC

text: Domesday

text: Project

text: in

text: the

text: a

text: school

text: based

text: project

text: to

text: commemorate

text: years

text: since

text: the

text: original

text: Domesday

text: Book

text: in

text: England

text: From

text: up

text: until

text: the

text: early

text: the

text: BBC

text: also

text: used

text: LaserDisc

text: technology

text: to

text: play

text: out

text: the

text: channel

text: idents

question: What product replaced LaserDisc in North America by the early 2000s?

answer: DVD

text: DVD

question: Who chose LaserFisc for their Domesday Project in the mid-1980s?

answer: British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)

text: British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC)

question: What was the BBC Domesday Project?

answer: a school-based project to commemorate 900 years since the original Domesday Book in England

text: a school-based project to commemorate 900 years since the original Domesday Book in England

question: Which country still exported players to North America until 2001?

answer: Japan

text: Japan


text: No Islamic visual images or depictions of God are meant to exist because it is believed that such artistic depictions may lead to idolatry. Moreover, Muslims believe that God is incorporeal, making any two- or three- dimensional depictions impossible. Instead, Muslims describe God by the names and attributes that, according to Islam, he revealed to his creation. All but one sura of the Quran begins with the phrase "In the name of God, the Beneficent, the Merciful". Images of Mohammed are likewise prohibited. Such aniconism and iconoclasm can also be found in Jewish and some Christian theology.

title: Muslim_world

title: Muslim_world

text: No

text: Islamic

text: visual

text: images

text: or

text: depictions

text: of

text: God

text: are

text: meant

text: to

text: exist

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: believed

text: that

text: such

text: artistic

text: depictions

text: may

text: lead

text: to

text: idolatry

text: Moreover

text: Muslims

text: believe

text: that

text: God

text: is

text: incorporeal

text: making

text: any

text: two-

text: or

text: three-

text: dimensional

text: depictions

text: impossible

text: Instead

text: Muslims

text: describe

text: God

text: by

text: the

text: names

text: and

text: attributes

text: that

text: according

text: to

text: Islam

text: he

text: revealed

text: to

text: his

text: creation

text: All

text: but

text: one

text: sura

text: of

text: the

text: Quran

text: begins

text: with

text: the

text: phrase

text: In

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: God

text: the

text: Beneficent

text: the

text: Merciful

text: Images

text: of

text: Mohammed

text: are

text: likewise

text: prohibited

text: Such

text: aniconism

text: and

text: iconoclasm

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: Jewish

text: and

text: some

text: Christian

text: theology

question: Why is depicting God forbidden in the Islamic world?

answer: such artistic depictions may lead to idolatry

text: such artistic depictions may lead to idolatry

question: What do Muslims believe of the form of God?

answer: God is incorporeal

text: God is incorporeal

question: How many sura's in the Quran begin with "In the name of God?"

answer: All but one

text: All but one

question: What is the policy in the Muslim world on depicting Mohammed?

answer: prohibited

text: prohibited

question: What other religions might one find depictions of God, or Prophets forbidden?

answer: Jewish and some Christian theology

text: Jewish and some Christian theology

question: Why are depictions of God discouraged in Islam?

text: may lead to idolatry

question: What does one of the Sura in the Quran begin with?

question: What other religions do not have restrictions on depicting God?

text: Jewish and some Christian theology

question: What prophet is often depicted in the Muslim World?

text: Mohammed


text: While the cardinalate has long been expanded beyond the Roman pastoral clergy and Roman Curia, every cardinal priest has a titular church in Rome, though they may be bishops or archbishops elsewhere, just as cardinal bishops are given one of the suburbicarian dioceses around Rome. Pope Paul VI abolished all administrative rights cardinals had with regard to their titular churches, though the cardinal's name and coat of arms are still posted in the church, and they are expected to celebrate mass and preach there if convenient when they are in Rome.

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism)

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism

text: While

text: the

text: cardinalate

text: has

text: long

text: been

text: expanded

text: beyond

text: the

text: Roman

text: pastoral

text: clergy

text: and

text: Roman

text: Curia

text: every

text: cardinal

text: priest

text: has

text: a

text: titular

text: church

text: in

text: Rome

text: though

text: they

text: may

text: be

text: bishops

text: or

text: archbishops

text: elsewhere

text: just

text: as

text: cardinal

text: bishops

text: are

text: given

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: suburbicarian

text: dioceses

text: around

text: Rome

text: Pope

text: Paul

text: VI

text: abolished

text: all

text: administrative

text: rights

text: cardinals

text: had

text: with

text: regard

text: to

text: their

text: titular

text: churches

text: though

text: the

text: cardinal

text: 's

text: name

text: and

text: coat

text: of

text: arms

text: are

text: still

text: posted

text: in

text: the

text: church

text: and

text: they

text: are

text: expected

text: to

text: celebrate

text: mass

text: and

text: preach

text: there

text: if

text: convenient

text: when

text: they

text: are

text: in

text: Rome

question: Each cardinal priest has what?

answer: a titular church in Rome

text: a titular church in Rome

question: What does every cardinal priest not have?

text: a titular church in Rome

question: What has not been expanded beyond the Roman pastoral clergy and Roman Curia?

text: the cardinalate

question: What did Pope Paul V abolish?

question: What is not still posted in the church after Pope Paul VI abolished all administrative rights?

text: the cardinal's name and coat of arms

question: What are cardinals not expected to do?


text: Early recommendations for the quantity of water required for maintenance of good health suggested that 6–8 glasses of water daily is the minimum to maintain proper hydration. However the notion that a person should consume eight glasses of water per day cannot be traced to a credible scientific source. The original water intake recommendation in 1945 by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council read: "An ordinary standard for diverse persons is 1 milliliter for each calorie of food. Most of this quantity is contained in prepared foods." More recent comparisons of well-known recommendations on fluid intake have revealed large discrepancies in the volumes of water we need to consume for good health. Therefore, to help standardize guidelines, recommendations for water consumption are included in two recent European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) documents (2010): (i) Food-based dietary guidelines and (ii) Dietary reference values for water or adequate daily intakes (ADI). These specifications were provided by calculating adequate intakes from measured intakes in populations of individuals with “desirable osmolarity values of urine and desirable water volumes per energy unit consumed.” For healthful hydration, the current EFSA guidelines recommend total water intakes of 2.0 L/day for adult females and 2.5 L/day for adult males. These reference values include water from drinking water, other beverages, and from food. About 80% of our daily water requirement comes from the beverages we drink, with the remaining 20% coming from food. Water content varies depending on the type of food consumed, with fruit and vegetables containing more than cereals, for example. These values are estimated using country-specific food balance sheets published by the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations. Other guidelines for nutrition also have implications for the beverages we consume for healthy hydration- for example, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommend that added sugars should represent no more than 10% of total energy intake.

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: Early

text: recommendations

text: for

text: the

text: quantity

text: of

text: water

text: required

text: for

text: maintenance

text: of

text: good

text: health

text: suggested

text: that

text: glasses

text: of

text: water

text: daily

text: is

text: the

text: minimum

text: to

text: maintain

text: proper

text: hydration

text: However

text: the

text: notion

text: that

text: a

text: person

text: should

text: consume

text: eight

text: glasses

text: of

text: water

text: per

text: day

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: traced

text: to

text: a

text: credible

text: scientific

text: source

text: The

text: original

text: water

text: intake

text: recommendation

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: Food

text: and

text: Nutrition

text: Board

text: of

text: the

text: National

text: Research

text: Council

text: read

text: An

text: ordinary

text: standard

text: for

text: diverse

text: persons

text: is

text: milliliter

text: for

text: each

text: calorie

text: of

text: food

text: Most

text: of

text: this

text: quantity

text: is

text: contained

text: in

text: prepared

text: foods

text: More

text: recent

text: comparisons

text: of

text: well

text: known

text: recommendations

text: on

text: fluid

text: intake

text: have

text: revealed

text: large

text: discrepancies

text: in

text: the

text: volumes

text: of

text: water

text: we

text: need

text: to

text: consume

text: for

text: good

text: health

text: Therefore

text: to

text: help

text: standardize

text: guidelines

text: recommendations

text: for

text: water

text: consumption

text: are

text: included

text: in

text: two

text: recent

text: European

text: Food

text: Safety

text: Authority

text: EFSA

text: documents

text: i

text: Food

text: based

text: dietary

text: guidelines

text: and

text: ii

text: Dietary

text: reference

text: values

text: for

text: water

text: or

text: adequate

text: daily

text: intakes

text: ADI

text: These

text: specifications

text: were

text: provided

text: by

text: calculating

text: adequate

text: intakes

text: from

text: measured

text: intakes

text: in

text: populations

text: of

text: individuals

text: with

text: desirable

text: osmolarity

text: values

text: of

text: urine

text: and

text: desirable

text: water

text: volumes

text: per

text: energy

text: unit

text: consumed

text: For

text: healthful

text: hydration

text: the

text: current

text: EFSA

text: guidelines

text: recommend

text: total

text: water

text: intakes

text: of

text: L

text: day

text: for

text: adult

text: females

text: and

text: L

text: day

text: for

text: adult

text: males

text: These

text: reference

text: values

text: include

text: water

text: from

text: drinking

text: water

text: other

text: beverages

text: and

text: from

text: food

text: About

text: of

text: our

text: daily

text: water

text: requirement

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: beverages

text: we

text: drink

text: with

text: the

text: remaining

text: coming

text: from

text: food

text: Water

text: content

text: varies

text: depending

text: on

text: the

text: type

text: of

text: food

text: consumed

text: with

text: fruit

text: and

text: vegetables

text: containing

text: more

text: than

text: cereals

text: for

text: example

text: These

text: values

text: are

text: estimated

text: using

text: country

text: specific

text: food

text: balance

text: sheets

text: published

text: by

text: the

text: Food

text: and

text: Agriculture

text: Organisation

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Other

text: guidelines

text: for

text: nutrition

text: also

text: have

text: implications

text: for

text: the

text: beverages

text: we

text: consume

text: for

text: healthy

text: hydration-

text: for

text: example

text: the

text: World

text: Health

text: Organization

text: WHO

text: recommend

text: that

text: added

text: sugars

text: should

text: represent

text: no

text: more

text: than

text: of

text: total

text: energy

text: intake

question: What was the early recommended amount of water that was supposedly required to keep the body hydrated?

answer: 6–8 glasses of water daily

text: 6–8 glasses of water daily

question: Who originally made a water intake recommendation in 1945?

answer: Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council

text: Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council

question: How much water should be taken in for each calorie of food that is consumed?

answer: 1 milliliter

text: 1 milliliter

question: What does ADI stand for?

answer: adequate daily intakes

text: adequate daily intakes

question: Where do humans get the 20% of water that does not come from the beverages we drink?

answer: food

text: food


text: NARA's holdings are classed into "record groups" reflecting the governmental department or agency from which they originated. Records include paper documents, microfilm, still pictures, motion pictures, and electronic media.

title: National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

text: NARA

text: 's

text: holdings

text: are

text: classed

text: into

text: record

text: groups

text: reflecting

text: the

text: governmental

text: department

text: or

text: agency

text: from

text: which

text: they

text: originated

text: Records

text: include

text: paper

text: documents

text: microfilm

text: still

text: pictures

text: motion

text: pictures

text: and

text: electronic

text: media

question: What types of groups are NARA's holdings classified into?

answer: record groups

text: record groups

question: Each record group is classified based on what?

answer: governmental department or agency

text: governmental department or agency

question: Besides films and other non-static media, what type of media is classified into a group?

answer: documents

text: documents

question: Besides the general media and motion picture categories, which category contains media that is not static?

answer: microfilm

text: microfilm

question: What are governmental departments usually classed into?

text: "record groups"

question: How is NARA classified as officially?

text: governmental department or agency

question: What record types were used more in the past than they are now?

question: What records are usually used currently because they are the most efficient?

text: electronic media

question: What record is the oldest type in storage?

text: microfilm


text: A "tag" in an audio file is a section of the file that contains metadata such as the title, artist, album, track number or other information about the file's contents. The MP3 standards do not define tag formats for MP3 files, nor is there a standard container format that would support metadata and obviate the need for tags.

title: MP3

title: MP3

text: A

text: tag

text: in

text: an

text: audio

text: file

text: is

text: a

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: file

text: that

text: contains

text: metadata

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: title

text: artist

text: album

text: track

text: number

text: or

text: other

text: information

text: about

text: the

text: file

text: 's

text: contents

text: The

text: standards

text: do

text: not

text: define

text: tag

text: formats

text: for

text: files

text: nor

text: is

text: there

text: a

text: standard

text: container

text: format

text: that

text: would

text: support

text: metadata

text: and

text: obviate

text: the

text: need

text: for

text: tags

question: What is a section of a file that contains metadeta referred to as?

answer: tag

text: tag

question: What else can metadeta contain other than the title, artist or track  number?

answer: album

text: album

question: What do MP3 standards not define?

answer: tag formats for MP3 files

text: tag formats for MP3 files

question: What would be needed to support metadata and obviate the need for tags?

answer: a standard container format

text: a standard container format


text: In the context of cultural studies, the idea of a text includes not only written language, but also films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles: the texts of cultural studies comprise all the meaningful artifacts of culture.[citation needed] Similarly, the discipline widens the concept of "culture". "Culture" for a cultural-studies researcher not only includes traditional high culture (the culture of ruling social groups) and popular culture, but also everyday meanings and practices. The last two, in fact, have become the main focus of cultural studies. A further and recent approach is comparative cultural studies, based on the disciplines of comparative literature and cultural studies.[citation needed]

title: Culture

title: Culture

text: In

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: cultural

text: studies

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: a

text: text

text: includes

text: not

text: only

text: written

text: language

text: but

text: also

text: films

text: photographs

text: fashion

text: or

text: hairstyles

text: the

text: texts

text: of

text: cultural

text: studies

text: comprise

text: all

text: the

text: meaningful

text: artifacts

text: of

text: culture.[citation

text: needed

text: Similarly

text: the

text: discipline

text: widens

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: culture

text: Culture

text: for

text: a

text: cultural

text: studies

text: researcher

text: not

text: only

text: includes

text: traditional

text: high

text: culture

text: the

text: culture

text: of

text: ruling

text: social

text: groups

text: and

text: popular

text: culture

text: but

text: also

text: everyday

text: meanings

text: and

text: practices

text: The

text: last

text: two

text: in

text: fact

text: have

text: become

text: the

text: main

text: focus

text: of

text: cultural

text: studies

text: A

text: further

text: and

text: recent

text: approach

text: is

text: comparative

text: cultural

text: studies

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: disciplines

text: of

text: comparative

text: literature

text: and

text: cultural

text: studies.[citation

text: needed

question: The idea of text in cultural studies can include what forms other than written language?

answer: films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles

text: films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles

question: Which two practices have become the main focus in cultural studies?

answer: high culture (the culture of ruling social groups) and popular culture

text: high culture (the culture of ruling social groups) and popular culture

question: What makes up cooperative cultural studies?

answer: based on the disciplines of comparative literature and cultural studies

text: based on the disciplines of comparative literature and cultural studies

question: The idea of text in cultural studies can never include what forms other than written language?

question: Which two practices have become the least focused on in cultural studies?

question: What disregards cooperative cultural studies?

question: What has never been studied by researchers?

text: Culture


text: The Alaska Native Language Center at the University of Alaska Fairbanks claims that at least 20 Alaskan native languages exist and there are also some languages with different dialects. Most of Alaska's native languages belong to either the Eskimo–Aleut or Na-Dene language families however some languages are thought to be isolates (e.g. Haida) or have not yet been classified (e.g. Tsimshianic). As of 2014[update] nearly all of Alaska's native languages were classified as either threatened, shifting, moribund, nearly extinct, or dormant languages.

title: Alaska

title: Alaska

text: The

text: Alaska

text: Native

text: Language

text: Center

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Alaska

text: Fairbanks

text: claims

text: that

text: at

text: least

text: Alaskan

text: native

text: languages

text: exist

text: and

text: there

text: are

text: also

text: some

text: languages

text: with

text: different

text: dialects

text: Most

text: of

text: Alaska

text: 's

text: native

text: languages

text: belong

text: to

text: either

text: the

text: Eskimo

text: Aleut

text: or

text: Dene

text: language

text: families

text: however

text: some

text: languages

text: are

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: isolates

text: e.g.

text: Haida

text: or

text: have

text: not

text: yet

text: been

text: classified

text: e.g.

text: Tsimshianic

text: As

text: of

text: nearly

text: all

text: of

text: Alaska

text: 's

text: native

text: languages

text: were

text: classified

text: as

text: either

text: threatened

text: shifting

text: moribund

text: nearly

text: extinct

text: or

text: dormant

text: languages

question: At least how many native Alaskan languages exist, according to the Alaska Native Language Center?

answer: at least 20

text: at least 20

question: What are the two main native Alaskan language families?

answer: Eskimo–Aleut or Na-Dene

text: Eskimo–Aleut or Na-Dene

question: How many of Alaska's native languages are in danger of becoing dormant or extinct languages according to a 2014 study?

answer: nearly all

text: nearly all

question: A study completed in what year found that nearly all of Alaska's native languages are at risk of becoming extinct?

answer: 2014

question: At least how many native Alaskan languages don't exist, according to the Alaska Native Language Center?

text: at least 20

question: What are the three main native Alaskan language families?

text: Eskimo–Aleut or Na-Dene

question: How many of Alaska's native languages are in danger of becoming dormant or extinct languages according to a 2015 study?

text: nearly all

question: A study incomplete in what year found that nearly all of Alaska's native languages are at risk of becoming extinct?

question: A study completed in what year found that nearly all of Alaska's native languages are not at risk of becoming extinct?


text: Usually, the short-term goal of open market operations is to achieve a specific short-term interest rate target. In other instances, monetary policy might instead entail the targeting of a specific exchange rate relative to some foreign currency or else relative to gold. For example, in the case of the United States the Federal Reserve targets the federal funds rate, the rate at which member banks lend to one another overnight. The other primary means of conducting monetary policy include: (i) Discount window lending (as lender of last resort); (ii) Fractional deposit lending (changes in the reserve requirement); (iii) Moral suasion (cajoling certain market players to achieve specified outcomes); (iv) "Open mouth operations" (talking monetary policy with the market).

title: United_States_dollar

title: United_States_dollar

text: Usually

text: the

text: short

text: term

text: goal

text: of

text: open

text: market

text: operations

text: is

text: to

text: achieve

text: a

text: specific

text: short

text: term

text: interest

text: rate

text: target

text: In

text: other

text: instances

text: monetary

text: policy

text: might

text: instead

text: entail

text: the

text: targeting

text: of

text: a

text: specific

text: exchange

text: rate

text: relative

text: to

text: some

text: foreign

text: currency

text: or

text: else

text: relative

text: to

text: gold

text: For

text: example

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: Federal

text: Reserve

text: targets

text: the

text: federal

text: funds

text: rate

text: the

text: rate

text: at

text: which

text: member

text: banks

text: lend

text: to

text: one

text: another

text: overnight

text: The

text: other

text: primary

text: means

text: of

text: conducting

text: monetary

text: policy

text: include

text: i

text: Discount

text: window

text: lending

text: as

text: lender

text: of

text: last

text: resort

text: ii

text: Fractional

text: deposit

text: lending

text: changes

text: in

text: the

text: reserve

text: requirement

text: iii

text: Moral

text: suasion

text: cajoling

text: certain

text: market

text: players

text: to

text: achieve

text: specified

text: outcomes

text: iv

text: Open

text: mouth

text: operations

text: talking

text: monetary

text: policy

text: with

text: the

text: market

question: What is the short term goal of open market operations?

answer: achieve a specific short-term interest rate target

text: achieve a specific short-term interest rate target

question: What does the Federal Reserve target?

answer: federal funds rate

text: federal funds rate

question: What is the federal funds rate?

answer: the rate at which member banks lend to one another overnight

text: the rate at which member banks lend to one another overnight

question: What is the cajoling of certain market players to achieve specified outcomes also known as?

answer: Moral suasion

text: Moral suasion

question: What does "open mouth operations" mean?

answer: talking monetary policy with the market

text: talking monetary policy with the market

question: What is the short term goal of open mouth operatioins?

question: What do open mouth operations target?

text: federal funds rate

question: What is the federal specified outcome?

question: What is the cajoling of certain market players to achieve member bank rates also known as?

text: Moral suasion

question: What does gold rate exchange mean?

text: talking monetary policy with the market


text: In the following century Ravenna, the capital of the Western Roman Empire, became the center of late Roman mosaic art (see details in Ravenna section). Milan also served as the capital of the western empire in the 4th century. In the St Aquilinus Chapel of the Basilica of San Lorenzo, mosaics executed in the late 4th and early 5th centuries depict Christ with the Apostles and the Abduction of Elijah; these mosaics are outstanding for their bright colors, naturalism and adherence to the classical canons of order and proportion. The surviving apse mosaic of the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio, which shows Christ enthroned between Saint Gervasius and Saint Protasius and angels before a golden background date back to the 5th and to the 8th century, although it was restored many times later. The baptistery of the basilica, which was demolished in the 15th century, had a vault covered with gold-leaf tesserae, large quantities of which were found when the site was excavated. In the small shrine of San Vittore in ciel d'oro, now a chapel of Sant'Ambrogio, every surface is covered with mosaics from the second half of the 5th century. Saint Victor is depicted in the center of the golden dome, while figures of saints are shown on the walls before a blue background. The low spandrels give space for the symbols of the four Evangelists.

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: In

text: the

text: following

text: century

text: Ravenna

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: Western

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: became

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: late

text: Roman

text: mosaic

text: art

text: see

text: details

text: in

text: Ravenna

text: section

text: Milan

text: also

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: western

text: empire

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: In

text: the

text: St

text: Aquilinus

text: Chapel

text: of

text: the

text: Basilica

text: of

text: San

text: Lorenzo

text: mosaics

text: executed

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: centuries

text: depict

text: Christ

text: with

text: the

text: Apostles

text: and

text: the

text: Abduction

text: of

text: Elijah

text: these

text: mosaics

text: are

text: outstanding

text: for

text: their

text: bright

text: colors

text: naturalism

text: and

text: adherence

text: to

text: the

text: classical

text: canons

text: of

text: order

text: and

text: proportion

text: The

text: surviving

text: apse

text: mosaic

text: of

text: the

text: Basilica

text: of

text: Sant'Ambrogio

text: which

text: shows

text: Christ

text: enthroned

text: between

text: Saint

text: Gervasius

text: and

text: Saint

text: Protasius

text: and

text: angels

text: before

text: a

text: golden

text: background

text: date

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: although

text: it

text: was

text: restored

text: many

text: times

text: later

text: The

text: baptistery

text: of

text: the

text: basilica

text: which

text: was

text: demolished

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: had

text: a

text: vault

text: covered

text: with

text: gold

text: leaf

text: tesserae

text: large

text: quantities

text: of

text: which

text: were

text: found

text: when

text: the

text: site

text: was

text: excavated

text: In

text: the

text: small

text: shrine

text: of

text: San

text: Vittore

text: in

text: ciel

text: d'oro

text: now

text: a

text: chapel

text: of

text: Sant'Ambrogio

text: every

text: surface

text: is

text: covered

text: with

text: mosaics

text: from

text: the

text: second

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Saint

text: Victor

text: is

text: depicted

text: in

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: the

text: golden

text: dome

text: while

text: figures

text: of

text: saints

text: are

text: shown

text: on

text: the

text: walls

text: before

text: a

text: blue

text: background

text: The

text: low

text: spandrels

text: give

text: space

text: for

text: the

text: symbols

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: Evangelists

question: Which city besides Ravenna served as the capital of the Western Roman Empire?

answer: Milan

text: Milan

question: What is the name of the mosaic in the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio?

answer: apse

text: apse

question: The shrine of San Vittore in ciel d'oro had mosaics from which century?

answer: the 5th century

text: the 5th century

question: Who do the mosaics at the the basilica of San Lorenzo depict as being abducted?

answer: Elijah

text: Elijah

question: When was the baptistry at the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio demolished?

answer: the 15th century

text: the 15th century


text: In the conflict's early months it appeared that Gaddafi's government – with its greater firepower – would be victorious. Both sides disregarded the laws of war, committing human rights abuses, including arbitrary arrests, torture, extrajudicial executions and revenge attacks. On 26 February the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 1970, suspending Libya from the UN Human Rights Council, implementing sanctions and calling for an International Criminal Court (ICC) investigation into the killing of unarmed civilians. In March, the Security Council declared a no fly zone to protect the civilian population from aerial bombardment, calling on foreign nations to enforce it; it also specifically prohibited foreign occupation. Ignoring this, Qatar sent hundreds of troops to support the dissidents, and along with France and the United Arab Emirates provided the NTC with weaponry and training.

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: In

text: the

text: conflict

text: 's

text: early

text: months

text: it

text: appeared

text: that

text: Gaddafi

text: 's

text: government

text: with

text: its

text: greater

text: firepower

text: would

text: be

text: victorious

text: Both

text: sides

text: disregarded

text: the

text: laws

text: of

text: war

text: committing

text: human

text: rights

text: abuses

text: including

text: arbitrary

text: arrests

text: torture

text: extrajudicial

text: executions

text: and

text: revenge

text: attacks

text: On

text: February

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Security

text: Council

text: passed

text: Resolution

text: suspending

text: Libya

text: from

text: the

text: UN

text: Human

text: Rights

text: Council

text: implementing

text: sanctions

text: and

text: calling

text: for

text: an

text: International

text: Criminal

text: Court

text: ICC

text: investigation

text: into

text: the

text: killing

text: of

text: unarmed

text: civilians

text: In

text: March

text: the

text: Security

text: Council

text: declared

text: a

text: no

text: fly

text: zone

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: civilian

text: population

text: from

text: aerial

text: bombardment

text: calling

text: on

text: foreign

text: nations

text: to

text: enforce

text: it

text: it

text: also

text: specifically

text: prohibited

text: foreign

text: occupation

text: Ignoring

text: this

text: Qatar

text: sent

text: hundreds

text: of

text: troops

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: dissidents

text: and

text: along

text: with

text: France

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Arab

text: Emirates

text: provided

text: the

text: NTC

text: with

text: weaponry

text: and

text: training

question: As a result of Resolution 1970, what body was Libya suspended from?

answer: UN Human Rights Council

text: UN Human Rights Council

question: In what month did the UN Security Council set up a no fly zone?

answer: March

text: March

question: How many troops did Qatar send to Libya?

answer: hundreds

text: hundreds

question: Along with Qatar and France, what nation helped to train the NTC?

answer: United Arab Emirates

text: United Arab Emirates


text: The canon law of the Eastern Catholic Churches, which had developed some different disciplines and practices, underwent its own process of codification, resulting in the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches promulgated in 1990 by Pope John Paul II.

title: Canon_law

title: Canon_law

text: The

text: canon

text: law

text: of

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Catholic

text: Churches

text: which

text: had

text: developed

text: some

text: different

text: disciplines

text: and

text: practices

text: underwent

text: its

text: own

text: process

text: of

text: codification

text: resulting

text: in

text: the

text: Code

text: of

text: Canons

text: of

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Churches

text: promulgated

text: in

text: by

text: Pope

text: John

text: Paul

text: II

question: In what ways did the Eastern Catholic Churches's legal systems vary from those of the west?

answer: different disciplines and practices

text: different disciplines and practices

question: What led to the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches?

answer: process of codification

text: process of codification

question: When was the law of the Eastern Catholic Churches promoted?

answer: 1990

question: Who sponsored the promulgation of Eastern Catholic Church laws?

answer: Pope John Paul II

text: Pope John Paul II

question: What was the name of the formal version of laws ruling the Eastern Catholic Churches?

answer: the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches

text: the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches

question: What did the Easter and Western Catholic church have in common?

text: disciplines and practices

question: When was the coded canons of the Western churches promulgated?

question: Who promulgated the code of canons for the Western churches?

text: Pope John Paul II

question: What was the informal version of laws the Eastern Catholic churches?

text: Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches


text: Greenhouses convert solar light to heat, enabling year-round production and the growth (in enclosed environments) of specialty crops and other plants not naturally suited to the local climate. Primitive greenhouses were first used during Roman times to produce cucumbers year-round for the Roman emperor Tiberius. The first modern greenhouses were built in Europe in the 16th century to keep exotic plants brought back from explorations abroad. Greenhouses remain an important part of horticulture today, and plastic transparent materials have also been used to similar effect in polytunnels and row covers.

title: Solar_energy

title: Solar_energy

text: Greenhouses

text: convert

text: solar

text: light

text: to

text: heat

text: enabling

text: year

text: round

text: production

text: and

text: the

text: growth

text: in

text: enclosed

text: environments

text: of

text: specialty

text: crops

text: and

text: other

text: plants

text: not

text: naturally

text: suited

text: to

text: the

text: local

text: climate

text: Primitive

text: greenhouses

text: were

text: first

text: used

text: during

text: Roman

text: times

text: to

text: produce

text: cucumbers

text: year

text: round

text: for

text: the

text: Roman

text: emperor

text: Tiberius

text: The

text: first

text: modern

text: greenhouses

text: were

text: built

text: in

text: Europe

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: to

text: keep

text: exotic

text: plants

text: brought

text: back

text: from

text: explorations

text: abroad

text: Greenhouses

text: remain

text: an

text: important

text: part

text: of

text: horticulture

text: today

text: and

text: plastic

text: transparent

text: materials

text: have

text: also

text: been

text: used

text: to

text: similar

text: effect

text: in

text: polytunnels

text: and

text: row

text: covers

question: When were the first greenhouses used?

answer: Roman times

text: Roman times

question: In what century were the first modern greenhouses constructed?

answer: the 16th

text: the 16th

question: What do greenhouses do with solar energy?

answer: convert solar light to heat

text: convert solar light to heat

question: What is one purpose of a greenhouse?

answer: enabling year-round production and the growth (in enclosed environments) of specialty crops

text: enabling year-round production and the growth (in enclosed environments) of specialty crops

question: What was one of the first uses of a greenhouse?

answer: produce cucumbers year-round for the Roman emperor Tiberius

text: produce cucumbers year-round for the Roman emperor Tiberius

question: Where were the first modern greenhouses built?

answer: Europe

text: Europe


text: Under the millet system, non-Muslim people were considered subjects of the Empire, but were not subject to the Muslim faith or Muslim law. The Orthodox millet, for instance, was still officially legally subject to Justinian's Code, which had been in effect in the Byzantine Empire for 900 years. Also, as the largest group of non-Muslim subjects (or zimmi) of the Islamic Ottoman state, the Orthodox millet was granted a number of special privileges in the fields of politics and commerce, and had to pay higher taxes than Muslim subjects.

title: Ottoman_Empire

title: Ottoman_Empire

text: Under

text: the

text: millet

text: system

text: non

text: Muslim

text: people

text: were

text: considered

text: subjects

text: of

text: the

text: Empire

text: but

text: were

text: not

text: subject

text: to

text: the

text: Muslim

text: faith

text: or

text: Muslim

text: law

text: The

text: Orthodox

text: millet

text: for

text: instance

text: was

text: still

text: officially

text: legally

text: subject

text: to

text: Justinian

text: 's

text: Code

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: in

text: effect

text: in

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: Empire

text: for

text: years

text: Also

text: as

text: the

text: largest

text: group

text: of

text: non

text: Muslim

text: subjects

text: or

text: zimmi

text: of

text: the

text: Islamic

text: Ottoman

text: state

text: the

text: Orthodox

text: millet

text: was

text: granted

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: special

text: privileges

text: in

text: the

text: fields

text: of

text: politics

text: and

text: commerce

text: and

text: had

text: to

text: pay

text: higher

text: taxes

text: than

text: Muslim

text: subjects

question: What system deemed non-Muslims subjects of the empire but unbound by Muslim law?

answer: the millet system

text: the millet system

question: What code had been active for 900 years in the Byzantine empire?

answer: Justinian's Code

text: Justinian's Code

question: What were non-Muslims also known as in the Islamic Ottoman State?

answer: zimmi

text: zimmi

question: Being a non-muslim in the Empire resulted in what as it related to taxes?

answer: higher taxes

text: higher taxes

question: What millet was subject to Justinian's Code?

answer: The Orthodox millet

text: The Orthodox millet


text: After reconquering Estonia and Latvia in 1944, the Russian SFSR annexed their easternmost territories around Ivangorod and within the modern Pechorsky and Pytalovsky Districts in 1944-1945.

title: Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

text: After

text: reconquering

text: Estonia

text: and

text: Latvia

text: in

text: the

text: Russian

text: SFSR

text: annexed

text: their

text: easternmost

text: territories

text: around

text: Ivangorod

text: and

text: within

text: the

text: modern

text: Pechorsky

text: and

text: Pytalovsky

text: Districts

text: in

question: Along with Estonia, what country was taken over by the Russian SFSR in 1944?

answer: Latvia

text: Latvia

question: What modern districts of Estonia and Latvia were annexed by the RSFSR in 1944?

answer: Pechorsky and Pytalovsky Districts

text: Pechorsky and Pytalovsky Districts

question: Near what town did the RSFSR annex territory in 1944?

answer: Ivangorod

text: Ivangorod

question: Along with Estonia, what country was left alone by the Russian SFSR in 1944?

text: Latvia

question: What modern districts of Estonia and Latvia were annexed by the RSFSR in 1934?

text: Pechorsky and Pytalovsky Districts

question: Near what town did the RSFSR leave territory in 1944?

text: Ivangorod

question: What happened to Estonia and Latvia in 1494?

question: Along with Latvia, what country was traded over by the Russian SFSR in 1944?

text: Estonia


text: Another objection is that it is not always possible to demonstrate falsehood definitively, especially if one is using statistical criteria to evaluate a null hypothesis. More generally it is not always clear, if evidence contradicts a hypothesis, that this is a sign of flaws in the hypothesis rather than of flaws in the evidence. However, this is a misunderstanding of what Popper's philosophy of science sets out to do. Rather than offering a set of instructions that merely need to be followed diligently to achieve science, Popper makes it clear in The Logic of Scientific Discovery that his belief is that the resolution of conflicts between hypotheses and observations can only be a matter of the collective judgment of scientists, in each individual case.

title: Karl_Popper

title: Karl_Popper

text: Another

text: objection

text: is

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: always

text: possible

text: to

text: demonstrate

text: falsehood

text: definitively

text: especially

text: if

text: one

text: is

text: using

text: statistical

text: criteria

text: to

text: evaluate

text: a

text: hypothesis

text: More

text: generally

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: always

text: clear

text: if

text: evidence

text: contradicts

text: a

text: hypothesis

text: that

text: this

text: is

text: a

text: sign

text: of

text: flaws

text: in

text: the

text: hypothesis

text: rather

text: than

text: of

text: flaws

text: in

text: the

text: evidence

text: However

text: this

text: is

text: a

text: misunderstanding

text: of

text: what

text: Popper

text: 's

text: philosophy

text: of

text: science

text: sets

text: out

text: to

text: do

text: Rather

text: than

text: offering

text: a

text: set

text: of

text: instructions

text: that

text: merely

text: need

text: to

text: be

text: followed

text: diligently

text: to

text: achieve

text: science

text: Popper

text: makes

text: it

text: clear

text: in

text: The

text: Logic

text: of

text: Scientific

text: Discovery

text: that

text: his

text: belief

text: is

text: that

text: the

text: resolution

text: of

text: conflicts

text: between

text: hypotheses

text: and

text: observations

text: can

text: only

text: be

text: a

text: matter

text: of

text: the

text: collective

text: judgment

text: of

text: scientists

text: in

text: each

text: individual

text: case

question: What kind of criteria frequently used in science complicates the definitiveness of some hypotheses' falsification?

answer: statistical

text: statistical

question: What other flaws complicate the problem of identifying faulty scientific hypotheses?

answer: flaws in the evidence

text: flaws in the evidence

question: According to Popper, what resolves conflicting hypotheses and observations in the long run?

answer: the collective judgment of scientists

text: the collective judgment of scientists

question: What is always possible to do?

text: demonstrate falsehood definitively

question: What is always clear if evidence contradicts a hypothesis?

question: Who wrote a set of instructions that merely need to be followed diligently to achieve science?

text: Popper

question: What is a matter of the judgement of a single scientist?

question: What is a sign of flaws in the evidence?

text: evidence contradicts a hypothesis


text: Genes are regulated so that they are expressed only when the product is needed, since expression draws on limited resources.:7 A cell regulates its gene expression depending on its external environment (e.g. available nutrients, temperature and other stresses), its internal environment (e.g. cell division cycle, metabolism, infection status), and its specific role if in a multicellular organism. Gene expression can be regulated at any step: from transcriptional initiation, to RNA processing, to post-translational modification of the protein. The regulation of lactose metabolism genes in E. coli (lac operon) was the first such mechanism to be described in 1961.

title: Gene

title: Gene

text: Genes

text: are

text: regulated

text: so

text: that

text: they

text: are

text: expressed

text: only

text: when

text: the

text: product

text: is

text: needed

text: since

text: expression

text: draws

text: on

text: limited

text: A

text: cell

text: regulates

text: its

text: gene

text: expression

text: depending

text: on

text: its

text: external

text: environment

text: e.g.

text: available

text: nutrients

text: temperature

text: and

text: other

text: stresses

text: its

text: internal

text: environment

text: e.g.

text: cell

text: division

text: cycle

text: metabolism

text: infection

text: status

text: and

text: its

text: specific

text: role

text: if

text: in

text: a

text: multicellular

text: organism

text: Gene

text: expression

text: can

text: be

text: regulated

text: at

text: any

text: step

text: from

text: transcriptional

text: initiation

text: to

text: RNA

text: processing

text: to

text: post

text: translational

text: modification

text: of

text: the

text: protein

text: The

text: regulation

text: of

text: lactose

text: metabolism

text: genes

text: in

text: E.

text: coli

text: lac

text: operon

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: such

text: mechanism

text: to

text: be

text: described

text: in

question: When are genes expressed?

answer: only when the product is needed

text: only when the product is needed

question: What are examples of a cell's external environment?

answer: available nutrients, temperature and other stresses

text: available nutrients, temperature and other stresses

question: What are examples of a cell's internal environment?

answer: cell division cycle, metabolism, infection status

text: cell division cycle, metabolism, infection status

question: At which step can gene expression be regulated?

answer: at any step

text: at any step

question: What example of post-translational modification of a protein was first described in 1961?

answer: The regulation of lactose metabolism genes in E. coli

text: The regulation of lactose metabolism genes in E. coli


text: The Foreign and Commonwealth Office of United Kingdom recognises a Middle East and North Africa region, but not a Near East. Their original Middle East consumed the Near East as far as the Red Sea, ceded India to the Asia and Oceania region, and went into partnership with North Africa as far as the Atlantic.

title: Near_East

title: Near_East

text: The

text: Foreign

text: and

text: Commonwealth

text: Office

text: of

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: recognises

text: a

text: Middle

text: East

text: and

text: North

text: Africa

text: region

text: but

text: not

text: a

text: Near

text: East

text: Their

text: original

text: Middle

text: East

text: consumed

text: the

text: Near

text: East

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: the

text: Red

text: Sea

text: ceded

text: India

text: to

text: the

text: Asia

text: and

text: Oceania

text: region

text: and

text: went

text: into

text: partnership

text: with

text: North

text: Africa

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: the

text: Atlantic

question: The Foreign and Commonwealth Office of United Kingdom recognizes what?

answer: a Middle East and North Africa region

text: a Middle East and North Africa region

question: What region does the Foreign and Commonwealth office of United Kingdom not recognize?

answer: Near East

text: Near East

question: What consumed the Near East as far as the Red Sea?

answer: Their original Middle East

text: Their original Middle East


text: The northern supercontinent of Laurasia began to break up, as Europe, Greenland and North America drifted apart. In western North America, mountain building started in the Eocene, and huge lakes formed in the high flat basins among uplifts. In Europe, the Tethys Sea finally vanished, while the uplift of the Alps isolated its final remnant, the Mediterranean, and created another shallow sea with island archipelagos to the north. Though the North Atlantic was opening, a land connection appears to have remained between North America and Europe since the faunas of the two regions are very similar. India continued its journey away from Africa and began its collision with Asia, creating the Himalayan orogeny.

title: Geological_history_of_Earth

title: Geological_history_of_Earth

text: The

text: northern

text: supercontinent

text: of

text: Laurasia

text: began

text: to

text: break

text: up

text: as

text: Europe

text: Greenland

text: and

text: North

text: America

text: drifted

text: apart

text: In

text: western

text: North

text: America

text: mountain

text: building

text: started

text: in

text: the

text: Eocene

text: and

text: huge

text: lakes

text: formed

text: in

text: the

text: high

text: flat

text: basins

text: among

text: uplifts

text: In

text: Europe

text: the

text: Tethys

text: Sea

text: finally

text: vanished

text: while

text: the

text: uplift

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: isolated

text: its

text: final

text: remnant

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: and

text: created

text: another

text: shallow

text: sea

text: with

text: island

text: archipelagos

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: Though

text: the

text: North

text: Atlantic

text: was

text: opening

text: a

text: land

text: connection

text: appears

text: to

text: have

text: remained

text: between

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: Europe

text: since

text: the

text: faunas

text: of

text: the

text: two

text: regions

text: are

text: very

text: similar

text: India

text: continued

text: its

text: journey

text: away

text: from

text: Africa

text: and

text: began

text: its

text: collision

text: with

text: Asia

text: creating

text: the

text: Himalayan

text: orogeny

question: during which period did mountains form in the western part of North America?

answer: Eocene

text: Eocene

question: What began to form in the flat basins in North America during the Eocene?

answer: huge lakes

text: huge lakes

question: In the Eocene, in Europe, which sea ceased to be?

answer: Tethys Sea

text: Tethys Sea

question: The Mediterranean sea is a remaining part of which sea from the Eocene?

answer: Tethys Sea

text: Tethys Sea

question: Which oregeny was created when India collided with Asia?

answer: the Himalayan orogeny

text: the Himalayan orogeny

question: What three continent drifted together forming Laurasia during then Eocene?

text: Europe, Greenland and North America

question: What formed in the low basins of Europe?

text: huge lakes

question: What sea opened up?

text: Tethys Sea

question: What sea was created by the Alps?

text: Mediterranean

question: What two coninents developed vastly differen fauna?

text: North America and Europe


text: Comcast Corporation, formerly registered as Comcast Holdings,[note 1] is an American multinational mass media company and is the largest broadcasting and largest cable company in the world by revenue. It is the second largest pay-TV company after the AT&T-DirecTV acquisition, largest cable TV company and largest home Internet service provider in the United States, and the nation's third largest home telephone service provider. Comcast services U.S. residential and commercial customers in 40 states and the District of Columbia. The company's headquarters are located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

title: Comcast

title: Comcast

text: Comcast

text: Corporation

text: formerly

text: registered

text: as

text: Comcast

text: Holdings,[note

text: is

text: an

text: American

text: multinational

text: mass

text: media

text: company

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: broadcasting

text: and

text: largest

text: cable

text: company

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: by

text: revenue

text: It

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: pay

text: TV

text: company

text: after

text: the

text: AT&T

text: DirecTV

text: acquisition

text: largest

text: cable

text: TV

text: company

text: and

text: largest

text: home

text: Internet

text: service

text: provider

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: third

text: largest

text: home

text: telephone

text: service

text: provider

text: Comcast

text: services

text: U.S.

text: residential

text: and

text: commercial

text: customers

text: in

text: states

text: and

text: the

text: District

text: of

text: Columbia

text: The

text: company

text: 's

text: headquarters

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: Philadelphia

text: Pennsylvania

question: What is the largest cable company in the world by revenue?

answer: Comcast Corporation

text: Comcast Corporation

question: What merged companies are the largest pay TV entity in the world?

answer: AT&T-DirecTV

text: AT&T-DirecTV

question: Comcast is also the largest media company in the United States in what broadband area?

answer: Internet service provider

text: Internet service provider

question: In what areas of the US does Comcast operate?

answer: 40 states and the District of Columbia

text: 40 states and the District of Columbia

question: Where is Comcast company headquarters?

answer: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

text: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

question: What did Comcast Corporation change its name to?

text: Comcast Holdings

question: How many states does AT&T serve?

question: Where is the AT&T headquarters?

text: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

question: What company merged with Comcast, making it the largest TV company?

text: DirecTV

question: What is the largest home internet provider in the world?

text: Comcast Corporation


text: In 255 B.C., Ariarathes III took the title of king and married Stratonice, a daughter of Antiochus II, remaining an ally of the Seleucid kingdom. Under Ariarathes IV, Cappadocia came into relations with Rome, first as a foe espousing the cause of Antiochus the Great, then as an ally against Perseus of Macedon and finally in a war against the Seleucids. Ariarathes V also waged war with Rome against Aristonicus, a claimant to the throne of Pergamon, and their forces were annihilated in 130 BCE. This defeat allowed Pontus to invade and conquer the kingdom.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: In

text: B.C.

text: Ariarathes

text: III

text: took

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: king

text: and

text: married

text: Stratonice

text: a

text: daughter

text: of

text: Antiochus

text: II

text: remaining

text: an

text: ally

text: of

text: the

text: Seleucid

text: kingdom

text: Under

text: Ariarathes

text: IV

text: Cappadocia

text: came

text: into

text: relations

text: with

text: Rome

text: first

text: as

text: a

text: foe

text: espousing

text: the

text: cause

text: of

text: Antiochus

text: the

text: Great

text: then

text: as

text: an

text: ally

text: against

text: Perseus

text: of

text: Macedon

text: and

text: finally

text: in

text: a

text: war

text: against

text: the

text: Seleucids

text: Ariarathes

text: V

text: also

text: waged

text: war

text: with

text: Rome

text: against

text: Aristonicus

text: a

text: claimant

text: to

text: the

text: throne

text: of

text: Pergamon

text: and

text: their

text: forces

text: were

text: annihilated

text: in

text: BCE

text: This

text: defeat

text: allowed

text: Pontus

text: to

text: invade

text: and

text: conquer

text: the

text: kingdom

question: Who married Stratonice?

answer: Ariarathes III

text: Ariarathes III

question: When did Stratonice marry Ariarathes III?

answer: 255 B.C.

text: 255 B.C.

question: Who was Stratonice's father?

answer: Antiochus II

text: Antiochus II

question: Cappadocia began it's realtionship with Rome under whom?

answer: Ariarathes IV

text: Ariarathes IV

question: What year was Ariarathes V defeated?

answer: 130 BCE

text: 130 BCE


text: The set of graphic and format characters defined by Unicode does not correspond directly to the repertoire of abstract characters that is representable under Unicode. Unicode encodes characters by associating an abstract character with a particular code point. However, not all abstract characters are encoded as a single Unicode character, and some abstract characters may be represented in Unicode by a sequence of two or more characters. For example, a Latin small letter "i" with an ogonek, a dot above, and an acute accent, which is required in Lithuanian, is represented by the character sequence U+012F, U+0307, U+0301. Unicode maintains a list of uniquely named character sequences for abstract characters that are not directly encoded in Unicode.

title: Unicode

title: Unicode

text: The

text: set

text: of

text: graphic

text: and

text: format

text: characters

text: defined

text: by

text: Unicode

text: does

text: not

text: correspond

text: directly

text: to

text: the

text: repertoire

text: of

text: abstract

text: characters

text: that

text: is

text: representable

text: under

text: Unicode

text: Unicode

text: encodes

text: characters

text: by

text: associating

text: an

text: abstract

text: character

text: with

text: a

text: particular

text: code

text: point

text: However

text: not

text: all

text: abstract

text: characters

text: are

text: encoded

text: as

text: a

text: single

text: Unicode

text: character

text: and

text: some

text: abstract

text: characters

text: may

text: be

text: represented

text: in

text: Unicode

text: by

text: a

text: sequence

text: of

text: two

text: or

text: more

text: characters

text: For

text: example

text: a

text: Latin

text: small

text: letter

text: i

text: with

text: an

text: ogonek

text: a

text: dot

text: above

text: and

text: an

text: acute

text: accent

text: which

text: is

text: required

text: in

text: Lithuanian

text: is

text: represented

text: by

text: the

text: character

text: sequence

text: Unicode

text: maintains

text: a

text: list

text: of

text: uniquely

text: named

text: character

text: sequences

text: for

text: abstract

text: characters

text: that

text: are

text: not

text: directly

text: encoded

text: in

text: Unicode

question: What is an ogonek?

answer: a dot above

text: a dot above

question: How does Unicode encode characters?

answer: associating an abstract character with a particular code point

text: associating an abstract character with a particular code point

question: How are some abstract characters represented in Unicode?

answer: a sequence of two or more characters

text: a sequence of two or more characters

question: What is another name for an acute accent?

text: ogonek

question: What does Latin require?

question: What are format characters associated with?

text: a particular code point

question: What do sets of graphic characters directly correspond to?

text: the repertoire of abstract characters

question: What are all encoded as singular unicode characters?

text: abstract characters


text: The Municipality of Montevideo was first created by a legal act of 18 December 1908. The municipality's first mayor (1909–1911) was Daniel Muñoz. Municipalities were abolished by the Uruguayan Constitution of 1918, effectively restored during the 1933 military coup of Gabriel Terra, and formally restored by the 1934 Constitution. The 1952 Constitution again decided to abolish the municipalities; it came into effect in February 1955. Municipalities were replaced by departmental councils, which consisted of a collegiate executive board with 7 members from Montevideo and 5 from the interior region. However, municipalities were revived under the 1967 Constitution and have operated continuously since that time.

title: Montevideo

title: Montevideo

text: The

text: Municipality

text: of

text: Montevideo

text: was

text: first

text: created

text: by

text: a

text: legal

text: act

text: of

text: December

text: The

text: municipality

text: 's

text: first

text: mayor

text: was

text: Daniel

text: Muñoz

text: Municipalities

text: were

text: abolished

text: by

text: the

text: Uruguayan

text: Constitution

text: of

text: effectively

text: restored

text: during

text: the

text: military

text: coup

text: of

text: Gabriel

text: Terra

text: and

text: formally

text: restored

text: by

text: the

text: Constitution

text: The

text: Constitution

text: again

text: decided

text: to

text: abolish

text: the

text: municipalities

text: it

text: came

text: into

text: effect

text: in

text: February

text: Municipalities

text: were

text: replaced

text: by

text: departmental

text: councils

text: which

text: consisted

text: of

text: a

text: collegiate

text: executive

text: board

text: with

text: members

text: from

text: Montevideo

text: and

text: from

text: the

text: interior

text: region

text: However

text: municipalities

text: were

text: revived

text: under

text: the

text: Constitution

text: and

text: have

text: operated

text: continuously

text: since

text: that

text: time

question: The Municipality of Montevideo was first created by a legal act of what?

answer: 18 December 1908

text: 18 December 1908

question: Who was the municipality's first mayor?

answer: Daniel Muñoz

text: Daniel Muñoz

question: Municipalities were abolished by what?

answer: Uruguayan Constitution of 1918

text: Uruguayan Constitution of 1918


text: Louis XIV distrusted the Parisians and moved his court to Versailles in 1682, but his reign also saw an unprecedented flourishing of the arts and sciences in Paris. The Comédie-Française, the Academy of Painting, and the French Academy of Sciences were founded and made their headquarters in the city. To show that the city was safe against attack, he had the city walls demolished, replacing them with Grands Boulevards. To leave monuments to his reign, he built the Collège des Quatre-Nations, Place Vendôme, Place des Victoires, and began Les Invalides.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: Louis

text: XIV

text: distrusted

text: the

text: Parisians

text: and

text: moved

text: his

text: court

text: to

text: Versailles

text: in

text: but

text: his

text: reign

text: also

text: saw

text: an

text: unprecedented

text: flourishing

text: of

text: the

text: arts

text: and

text: sciences

text: in

text: Paris

text: The

text: Comédie

text: Française

text: the

text: Academy

text: of

text: Painting

text: and

text: the

text: French

text: Academy

text: of

text: Sciences

text: were

text: founded

text: and

text: made

text: their

text: headquarters

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: To

text: show

text: that

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: safe

text: against

text: attack

text: he

text: had

text: the

text: city

text: walls

text: demolished

text: replacing

text: them

text: with

text: Grands

text: Boulevards

text: To

text: leave

text: monuments

text: to

text: his

text: reign

text: he

text: built

text: the

text: Collège

text: des

text: Quatre

text: Nations

text: Place

text: Vendôme

text: Place

text: des

text: Victoires

text: and

text: began

text: Les

text: Invalides

question: In what year did Louis XIV move his court to Versailles?

answer: 1682

question: What monuments did Louis XIV have constructed?

answer: Collège des Quatre-Nations, Place Vendôme, Place des Victoires, and began Les Invalides.

text: Collège des Quatre-Nations, Place Vendôme, Place des Victoires, and began Les Invalides.

question: What was the reason behind demolishing the city walls?

answer: To show that the city was safe against attack

text: To show that the city was safe against attack

question: In what city was the French Academy of Science founded

answer: Paris

text: Paris


text: Following the Enlightenment's ideas, the reformers looked to the Scientific Revolution and industrial progress to solve the social problems which arose with the Industrial Revolution. Newton's natural philosophy combined a mathematics of axiomatic proof with the mechanics of physical observation, yielding a coherent system of verifiable predictions and replacing a previous reliance on revelation and inspired truth. Applied to public life, this approach yielded several successful campaigns for changes in social policy.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: Following

text: the

text: Enlightenment

text: 's

text: ideas

text: the

text: reformers

text: looked

text: to

text: the

text: Scientific

text: Revolution

text: and

text: industrial

text: progress

text: to

text: solve

text: the

text: social

text: problems

text: which

text: arose

text: with

text: the

text: Industrial

text: Revolution

text: Newton

text: 's

text: natural

text: philosophy

text: combined

text: a

text: mathematics

text: of

text: axiomatic

text: proof

text: with

text: the

text: mechanics

text: of

text: physical

text: observation

text: yielding

text: a

text: coherent

text: system

text: of

text: verifiable

text: predictions

text: and

text: replacing

text: a

text: previous

text: reliance

text: on

text: revelation

text: and

text: inspired

text: truth

text: Applied

text: to

text: public

text: life

text: this

text: approach

text: yielded

text: several

text: successful

text: campaigns

text: for

text: changes

text: in

text: social

text: policy

question: What did the reformers look to to solve social problems?

answer: Scientific Revolution and industrial progress

text: Scientific Revolution and industrial progress

question: What is Newton Natural philosophy?

answer: a coherent system of verifiable predictions

text: a coherent system of verifiable predictions

question: What did Newton's Nataural philosophy replace?

answer: reliance on revelation and inspired truth.

text: reliance on revelation and inspired truth.

question: What did Newton's philosophy do when applied to life,

answer: yielded several successful campaigns for changes in social policy.

text: yielded several successful campaigns for changes in social policy.


text: At this time, Hal B. Wallis, who had latterly worked as a major producer at Paramount, moved over to Universal, where he produced several films, among them a lavish version of Maxwell Anderson's Anne of the Thousand Days (1969), and the equally lavish Mary, Queen of Scots (1971). Though neither could claim to be a big financial hit, both films received Academy Award nominations, and Anne was nominated for Best Picture, Best Actor (Richard Burton), Best Actress (Geneviève Bujold), and Best Supporting Actor (Anthony Quayle). Wallis retired from Universal after making the film Rooster Cogburn (1975), a sequel to True Grit (1969), which Wallis had produced at Paramount. Rooster Cogburn co-starred John Wayne, reprising his Oscar-winning role from the earlier film, and Katharine Hepburn, their only film together. The film was only a moderate success.

title: Universal_Studios

title: Universal_Studios

text: At

text: this

text: time

text: Hal

text: B.

text: Wallis

text: who

text: had

text: latterly

text: worked

text: as

text: a

text: major

text: producer

text: at

text: Paramount

text: moved

text: over

text: to

text: Universal

text: where

text: he

text: produced

text: several

text: films

text: among

text: them

text: a

text: lavish

text: version

text: of

text: Maxwell

text: Anderson

text: 's

text: Anne

text: of

text: the

text: Thousand

text: Days

text: and

text: the

text: equally

text: lavish

text: Mary

text: Queen

text: of

text: Scots

text: Though

text: neither

text: could

text: claim

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: big

text: financial

text: hit

text: both

text: films

text: received

text: Academy

text: Award

text: nominations

text: and

text: Anne

text: was

text: nominated

text: for

text: Best

text: Picture

text: Best

text: Actor

text: Richard

text: Burton

text: Best

text: Actress

text: Geneviève

text: Bujold

text: and

text: Best

text: Supporting

text: Actor

text: Anthony

text: Quayle

text: Wallis

text: retired

text: from

text: Universal

text: after

text: making

text: the

text: film

text: Rooster

text: Cogburn

text: a

text: sequel

text: to

text: True

text: Grit

text: which

text: Wallis

text: had

text: produced

text: at

text: Paramount

text: Rooster

text: Cogburn

text: co

text: starred

text: John

text: Wayne

text: reprising

text: his

text: Oscar

text: winning

text: role

text: from

text: the

text: earlier

text: film

text: and

text: Katharine

text: Hepburn

text: their

text: only

text: film

text: together

text: The

text: film

text: was

text: only

text: a

text: moderate

text: success

question: Who produced Anne of the Thousand Days?

answer: Hal B. Wallis

text: Hal B. Wallis

question: Who wrote the original work that the film version of Anne of the Thousand Days was based on?

answer: Maxwell Anderson

text: Maxwell Anderson

question: In what year was the film version of Mary, Queen of Scots made?

answer: 1971

question: Whose performance in Anne of the Thousand Days garnered a Best Actor nod?

answer: Richard Burton

text: Richard Burton

question: What was the name of the sequel to True Grit produced by Universal?

answer: Rooster Cogburn

text: Rooster Cogburn

question: What company did B. Hal Wallis work at before Universal?

text: Paramount

question: What company did B. Hal Wallis work at after Paramount?

text: Universal

question: What year did May of the Thousand Days come out?

question: What year did Anne, Queen of Scots come out?

question: What 1969 film was a sequel to True Grit?

text: Rooster Cogburn


text: Although the advance in the Arakan had been halted to release troops and aircraft for the Battle of Imphal, the Americans and Chinese had continued to advance in northern Burma, aided by the Chindits operating against the Japanese lines of communication. In the middle of 1944 the Chinese Expeditionary Force invaded northern Burma from Yunnan province. They captured a fortified position at Mount Song. By the time campaigning ceased during the monsoon rains, the NCAC had secured a vital airfield at Myitkyina (August 1944), which eased the problems of air resupply from India to China over "The Hump".

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: Although

text: the

text: advance

text: in

text: the

text: Arakan

text: had

text: been

text: halted

text: to

text: release

text: troops

text: and

text: aircraft

text: for

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Imphal

text: the

text: Americans

text: and

text: Chinese

text: had

text: continued

text: to

text: advance

text: in

text: northern

text: Burma

text: aided

text: by

text: the

text: Chindits

text: operating

text: against

text: the

text: Japanese

text: lines

text: of

text: communication

text: In

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Expeditionary

text: Force

text: invaded

text: northern

text: Burma

text: from

text: Yunnan

text: province

text: They

text: captured

text: a

text: fortified

text: position

text: at

text: Mount

text: Song

text: By

text: the

text: time

text: campaigning

text: ceased

text: during

text: the

text: monsoon

text: rains

text: the

text: NCAC

text: had

text: secured

text: a

text: vital

text: airfield

text: at

text: Myitkyina

text: August

text: which

text: eased

text: the

text: problems

text: of

text: air

text: resupply

text: from

text: India

text: to

text: China

text: over

text: The

text: Hump

question: What battle was the advance in the Arakan halted to release troops for?

answer: Battle of Imphal

text: Battle of Imphal

question: Who aided the Americans and Chinese during the advance in northern Burma?

answer: Chindits

text: Chindits

question: When did the Chinese invade northern Burma?

answer: middle of 1944

text: middle of 1944

question: What fortified position was captured by the Chinese Expeditionary Force?

answer: Mount Song

text: Mount Song

question: What airfield was taken by the NCAC in August, 1944?

answer: Myitkyina

text: Myitkyina


text: The university is affiliated with the Congregation of Holy Cross (Latin: Congregatio a Sancta Cruce, abbreviated postnominals: "CSC"). While religious affiliation is not a criterion for admission, more than 93% of students identify as Christian, with over 80% of the total being Catholic. Collectively, Catholic Mass is celebrated over 100 times per week on campus, and a large campus ministry program provides for the faith needs of the community. There are multitudes of religious statues and artwork around campus, most prominent of which are the statue of Mary on the Main Building, the Notre Dame Grotto, and the Word of Life mural on Hesburgh Library depicting Christ as a teacher. Additionally, every classroom displays a crucifix. There are many religious clubs (catholic and non-Catholic) at the school, including Council #1477 of the Knights of Columbus (KOC), Baptist Collegiate Ministry (BCM), Jewish Club, Muslim Student Association, Orthodox Christian Fellowship, The Mormon Club, and many more. The Notre Dame KofC are known for being the first collegiate council of KofC, operating a charitable concession stand during every home football game and owning their own building on campus which can be used as a cigar lounge. Fifty-seven chapels are located throughout the campus.

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

text: The

text: university

text: is

text: affiliated

text: with

text: the

text: Congregation

text: of

text: Holy

text: Cross

text: Latin

text: Congregatio

text: a

text: Sancta

text: Cruce

text: abbreviated

text: postnominals

text: CSC

text: While

text: religious

text: affiliation

text: is

text: not

text: a

text: criterion

text: for

text: admission

text: more

text: than

text: of

text: students

text: identify

text: as

text: Christian

text: with

text: over

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: being

text: Catholic

text: Collectively

text: Catholic

text: Mass

text: is

text: celebrated

text: over

text: times

text: per

text: week

text: on

text: campus

text: and

text: a

text: large

text: campus

text: ministry

text: program

text: provides

text: for

text: the

text: faith

text: needs

text: of

text: the

text: community

text: There

text: are

text: multitudes

text: of

text: religious

text: statues

text: and

text: artwork

text: around

text: campus

text: most

text: prominent

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: the

text: statue

text: of

text: Mary

text: on

text: the

text: Main

text: Building

text: the

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: Grotto

text: and

text: the

text: Word

text: of

text: Life

text: mural

text: on

text: Hesburgh

text: Library

text: depicting

text: Christ

text: as

text: a

text: teacher

text: Additionally

text: every

text: classroom

text: displays

text: a

text: crucifix

text: There

text: are

text: many

text: religious

text: clubs

text: catholic

text: and

text: non

text: Catholic

text: at

text: the

text: school

text: including

text: Council

text: of

text: the

text: Knights

text: of

text: Columbus

text: KOC

text: Baptist

text: Collegiate

text: Ministry

text: BCM

text: Jewish

text: Club

text: Muslim

text: Student

text: Association

text: Orthodox

text: Christian

text: Fellowship

text: The

text: Mormon

text: Club

text: and

text: many

text: more

text: The

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: KofC

text: are

text: known

text: for

text: being

text: the

text: first

text: collegiate

text: council

text: of

text: KofC

text: operating

text: a

text: charitable

text: concession

text: stand

text: during

text: every

text: home

text: football

text: game

text: and

text: owning

text: their

text: own

text: building

text: on

text: campus

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: as

text: a

text: cigar

text: lounge

text: Fifty

text: seven

text: chapels

text: are

text: located

text: throughout

text: the

text: campus

question: What is Congregation of Holy Cross in Latin?

answer: Congregatio a Sancta Cruce

text: Congregatio a Sancta Cruce

question: What percentage of Notre Dame students feel they are Christian?

answer: more than 93%

text: more than 93%

question: How often is Catholic mass held at Notre Dame in a week?

answer: over 100 times

text: over 100 times

question: How many chapels are on the Notre Dame campus?

answer: Fifty-seven

text: Fifty-seven

question: What amount of the student body of Notre Dame identifies as Catholic?

answer: over 80%

text: over 80%


text: Among Christians, the Pew Research survey found that 74% were Protestant, 25% were Catholic, and 1% belonged to other Christian denominations, including a small Orthodox Christian community. In terms of Nigeria's major ethnic groups, the Hausa ethnic group (predominant in the north) was found to be 95% Muslim and 5% Christian, the Yoruba tribe (predominant in the west) was 55% Muslim, 35% Christian and 10% adherents of other religions, while the Igbos (predominant in the east) and the Ijaw (south) were 98% Christian, with 2% practising traditional religions. The middle belt of Nigeria contains the largest number of minority ethnic groups in Nigeria, who were found to be mostly Christians and members of traditional religions, with a small proportion of Muslims.

title: Nigeria

title: Nigeria

text: Among

text: Christians

text: the

text: Pew

text: Research

text: survey

text: found

text: that

text: were

text: Protestant

text: were

text: Catholic

text: and

text: belonged

text: to

text: other

text: Christian

text: denominations

text: including

text: a

text: small

text: Orthodox

text: Christian

text: community

text: In

text: terms

text: of

text: Nigeria

text: 's

text: major

text: ethnic

text: groups

text: the

text: Hausa

text: ethnic

text: group

text: predominant

text: in

text: the

text: north

text: was

text: found

text: to

text: be

text: Muslim

text: and

text: Christian

text: the

text: Yoruba

text: tribe

text: predominant

text: in

text: the

text: west

text: was

text: Muslim

text: Christian

text: and

text: adherents

text: of

text: other

text: religions

text: while

text: the

text: Igbos

text: predominant

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: the

text: Ijaw

text: south

text: were

text: Christian

text: with

text: practising

text: traditional

text: religions

text: The

text: middle

text: belt

text: of

text: Nigeria

text: contains

text: the

text: largest

text: number

text: of

text: minority

text: ethnic

text: groups

text: in

text: Nigeria

text: who

text: were

text: found

text: to

text: be

text: mostly

text: Christians

text: and

text: members

text: of

text: traditional

text: religions

text: with

text: a

text: small

text: proportion

text: of

text: Muslims

question: How many Nigerian Christians are Protestant?

answer: 74%

question: How many Nigerian Christians are Catholic?

answer: 25%

question: How many Nigerian Christians are Orthodox and other sects?

answer: 1%

question: Which Nigerian tribe is 95% Muslim?

answer: Hausa

text: Hausa

question: Which Eastern Nigerian tribe is 98% Christian?

answer: Igbos

text: Igbos