text: Only a few contemporary societies are classified as hunter-gatherers, and many supplement their foraging activity with horticulture and/or keeping animals.

title: Hunter-gatherer

title: Hunter

title: gatherer

text: Only

text: a

text: few

text: contemporary

text: societies

text: are

text: classified

text: as

text: hunter

text: gatherers

text: and

text: many

text: supplement

text: their

text: foraging

text: activity

text: with

text: horticulture

text: and/or

text: keeping

text: animals

question: How many groups of modern hunter-gatherers are there?

answer: Only a few

text: Only a few

question: What do modern hunter-gatherers use to produce food in addition to gathering?

answer: horticulture and/or keeping animals

text: horticulture and/or keeping animals

question: Who uses agriculture and animal domestication to supplement their food?

answer: hunter-gatherers

text: hunter-gatherers

question: Besides  agriculture, how do gatherers add to their food supply?

answer: keeping animals

text: keeping animals

question: In addition to domesticated animals, how do gatherers supplement their food?

answer: horticulture

text: horticulture

question: All of contemporary societies are classified as what?

text: hunter-gatherers

question: Which societies replace foraging with horticulture and/or keeping animals?

text: contemporary

question: Only a few ancient societies are classified as what?

text: hunter-gatherers

question: All societies supplement their foraging activity with what?

text: horticulture and/or keeping animals

question: How many ancient societies kept animals?

text: Only a few


text: Israel has a school life expectancy of 15.5 years and a literacy rate of 97.1% according to the United Nations. The State Education Law, passed in 1953, established five types of schools: state secular, state religious, ultra orthodox, communal settlement schools, and Arab schools. The public secular is the largest school group, and is attended by the majority of Jewish and non-Arab pupils in Israel. Most Arabs send their children to schools where Arabic is the language of instruction. Education is compulsory in Israel for children between the ages of three and eighteen. Schooling is divided into three tiers – primary school (grades 1–6), middle school (grades 7–9), and high school (grades 10–12) – culminating with Bagrut matriculation exams. Proficiency in core subjects such as mathematics, the Hebrew language, Hebrew and general literature, the English language, history, Biblical scripture and civics is necessary to receive a Bagrut certificate. In Arab, Christian and Druze schools, the exam on Biblical studies is replaced by an exam on Muslim, Christian or Druze heritage. Christian Arabs are one of the most educated groups in Israel. Maariv have describe the Christian Arabs sectors as "the most successful in education system", since Christian Arabs fared the best in terms of education in comparison to any other group receiving an education in Israel. Israeli children from Russian-speaking families have a higher bagrut pass rate at high-school level. Although amongst immigrant children born in the FSU, the bagrut pass rate is highest amongst those families from Western FSU states of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova (at 62.6%), and lower amongst those from Central Asian and Caucasian FSU states. In 2003, over half of all Israeli twelfth graders earned a matriculation certificate.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: Israel

text: has

text: a

text: school

text: life

text: expectancy

text: of

text: years

text: and

text: a

text: literacy

text: rate

text: of

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: The

text: State

text: Education

text: Law

text: passed

text: in

text: established

text: five

text: types

text: of

text: schools

text: state

text: secular

text: state

text: religious

text: ultra

text: orthodox

text: communal

text: settlement

text: schools

text: and

text: Arab

text: schools

text: The

text: public

text: secular

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: school

text: group

text: and

text: is

text: attended

text: by

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: Jewish

text: and

text: non

text: Arab

text: pupils

text: in

text: Israel

text: Most

text: Arabs

text: send

text: their

text: children

text: to

text: schools

text: where

text: Arabic

text: is

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: instruction

text: Education

text: is

text: compulsory

text: in

text: Israel

text: for

text: children

text: between

text: the

text: ages

text: of

text: three

text: and

text: eighteen

text: Schooling

text: is

text: divided

text: into

text: three

text: tiers

text: primary

text: school

text: grades

text: middle

text: school

text: grades

text: and

text: high

text: school

text: grades

text: culminating

text: with

text: Bagrut

text: matriculation

text: exams

text: Proficiency

text: in

text: core

text: subjects

text: such

text: as

text: mathematics

text: the

text: Hebrew

text: language

text: Hebrew

text: and

text: general

text: literature

text: the

text: English

text: language

text: history

text: Biblical

text: scripture

text: and

text: civics

text: is

text: necessary

text: to

text: receive

text: a

text: Bagrut

text: certificate

text: In

text: Arab

text: Christian

text: and

text: Druze

text: schools

text: the

text: exam

text: on

text: Biblical

text: studies

text: is

text: replaced

text: by

text: an

text: exam

text: on

text: Muslim

text: Christian

text: or

text: Druze

text: heritage

text: Christian

text: Arabs

text: are

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: educated

text: groups

text: in

text: Israel

text: Maariv

text: have

text: describe

text: the

text: Christian

text: Arabs

text: sectors

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: successful

text: in

text: education

text: system

text: since

text: Christian

text: Arabs

text: fared

text: the

text: best

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: education

text: in

text: comparison

text: to

text: any

text: other

text: group

text: receiving

text: an

text: education

text: in

text: Israel

text: Israeli

text: children

text: from

text: Russian

text: speaking

text: families

text: have

text: a

text: higher

text: bagrut

text: pass

text: rate

text: at

text: high

text: school

text: level

text: Although

text: amongst

text: immigrant

text: children

text: born

text: in

text: the

text: FSU

text: the

text: bagrut

text: pass

text: rate

text: is

text: highest

text: amongst

text: those

text: families

text: from

text: Western

text: FSU

text: states

text: of

text: Russia

text: Ukraine

text: Belarus

text: and

text: Moldova

text: at

text: and

text: lower

text: amongst

text: those

text: from

text: Central

text: Asian

text: and

text: Caucasian

text: FSU

text: states

text: In

text: over

text: half

text: of

text: all

text: Israeli

text: twelfth

text: graders

text: earned

text: a

text: matriculation

text: certificate

question: What is the school expectancy in Israel?

answer: 15.5 years

text: 15.5 years

question: What is the literacy rate in Israel?

answer: 97.1%

question: What is necessary to receive a Bagrut certificate?

answer: Biblical scripture and civics

text: Biblical scripture and civics


text: In the 20th century, the Paris literary community was dominated by Colette, André Gide, François Mauriac, André Malraux, Albert Camus, and, after World War II, by Simone de Beauvoir and Jean-Paul Sartre; Between the wars it was the home of many important expatriate writers, including Ernest Hemingway, Samuel Beckett, and, in the 1970s, Milan Kundera. The winner of the 2014 Nobel Prize in Literature, Patrick Modiano–who lives in Paris–, based most of his literary work on the depiction of the city during World War II and the 1960s-1970s.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: Paris

text: literary

text: community

text: was

text: dominated

text: by

text: Colette

text: André

text: Gide

text: François

text: Mauriac

text: André

text: Malraux

text: Albert

text: Camus

text: and

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: by

text: Simone

text: de

text: Beauvoir

text: and

text: Jean

text: Paul

text: Sartre

text: Between

text: the

text: wars

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: home

text: of

text: many

text: important

text: expatriate

text: writers

text: including

text: Ernest

text: Hemingway

text: Samuel

text: Beckett

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Milan

text: Kundera

text: The

text: winner

text: of

text: the

text: Nobel

text: Prize

text: in

text: Literature

text: Patrick

text: Modiano

text: who

text: lives

text: in

text: Paris–

text: based

text: most

text: of

text: his

text: literary

text: work

text: on

text: the

text: depiction

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: and

text: the

question: Who was the winner of the 2014 Nobel prize in literature?

answer: Patrick Modiano

text: Patrick Modiano

question: In what century did Collete, ANdre Gide and Francois Mauriac dominate the literary community?

answer: 20th

question: In what city does Patrick Modiano live?

answer: Paris

text: Paris

question: During what war did Modiano base most of his work off of?

answer: World War II

text: World War II


text: There are fifteen seats in the Legislative Council of Saint Helena, a unicameral legislature, in addition to a Speaker and a Deputy Speaker. Twelve of the fifteen members are elected in elections held every four years. The three ex officio members are the Chief Secretary, Financial Secretary and Attorney General. The Executive Council is presided over by the Governor, and consists of three ex officio officers and five elected members of the Legislative Council appointed by the Governor. There is no elected Chief Minister, and the Governor acts as the head of government. In January 2013 it was proposed that the Executive Council would be led by a "Chief Councillor" who would be elected by the members of the Legislative Council and would nominate the other members of the Executive Council. These proposals were put to a referendum on 23 March 2013 where they were defeated by 158 votes to 42 on a 10% turnout.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: There

text: are

text: fifteen

text: seats

text: in

text: the

text: Legislative

text: Council

text: of

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: a

text: unicameral

text: legislature

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: a

text: Speaker

text: and

text: a

text: Deputy

text: Speaker

text: Twelve

text: of

text: the

text: fifteen

text: members

text: are

text: elected

text: in

text: elections

text: held

text: every

text: four

text: years

text: The

text: three

text: ex

text: officio

text: members

text: are

text: the

text: Chief

text: Secretary

text: Financial

text: Secretary

text: and

text: Attorney

text: General

text: The

text: Executive

text: Council

text: is

text: presided

text: over

text: by

text: the

text: Governor

text: and

text: consists

text: of

text: three

text: ex

text: officio

text: officers

text: and

text: five

text: elected

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Legislative

text: Council

text: appointed

text: by

text: the

text: Governor

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: elected

text: Chief

text: Minister

text: and

text: the

text: Governor

text: acts

text: as

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: government

text: In

text: January

text: it

text: was

text: proposed

text: that

text: the

text: Executive

text: Council

text: would

text: be

text: led

text: by

text: a

text: Chief

text: Councillor

text: who

text: would

text: be

text: elected

text: by

text: the

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Legislative

text: Council

text: and

text: would

text: nominate

text: the

text: other

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Executive

text: Council

text: These

text: proposals

text: were

text: put

text: to

text: a

text: referendum

text: on

text: March

text: where

text: they

text: were

text: defeated

text: by

text: votes

text: to

text: on

text: a

text: turnout

question: How many seats are in the Legislative Council of Saint Helena?

answer: 15

question: Who presides over the executive council?

answer: the Governor

text: the Governor

question: The head of government on the island is who?

answer: the Governor

text: the Governor

question: When were proposals for a Chief Councillor put on hold?

answer: 23 March 2013

text: 23 March 2013


text: Apple's application to the United States Patent and Trademark Office for a patent on "rotational user inputs", as used on the iPod interface, received a third "non-final rejection" (NFR) in August 2005. Also in August 2005, Creative Technology, one of Apple's main rivals in the MP3 player market, announced that it held a patent on part of the music selection interface used by the iPod line, which Creative Technology dubbed the "Zen Patent", granted on August 9, 2005. On May 15, 2006, Creative filed another suit against Apple with the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. Creative also asked the United States International Trade Commission to investigate whether Apple was breaching U.S. trade laws by importing iPods into the United States.

title: IPod

title: IPod

text: Apple

text: 's

text: application

text: to

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Patent

text: and

text: Trademark

text: Office

text: for

text: a

text: patent

text: on

text: rotational

text: user

text: inputs

text: as

text: used

text: on

text: the

text: iPod

text: interface

text: received

text: a

text: third

text: non

text: final

text: rejection

text: NFR

text: in

text: August

text: Also

text: in

text: August

text: Creative

text: Technology

text: one

text: of

text: Apple

text: 's

text: main

text: rivals

text: in

text: the

text: player

text: market

text: announced

text: that

text: it

text: held

text: a

text: patent

text: on

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: music

text: selection

text: interface

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: iPod

text: line

text: which

text: Creative

text: Technology

text: dubbed

text: the

text: Zen

text: Patent

text: granted

text: on

text: August

text: On

text: May

text: Creative

text: filed

text: another

text: suit

text: against

text: Apple

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: District

text: Court

text: for

text: the

text: Northern

text: District

text: of

text: California

text: Creative

text: also

text: asked

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: International

text: Trade

text: Commission

text: to

text: investigate

text: whether

text: Apple

text: was

text: breaching

text: U.S.

text: trade

text: laws

text: by

text: importing

text: iPods

text: into

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: What interface component did Apple attempt to patent in 2005?

answer: rotational user inputs

text: rotational user inputs

question: When did Apple receive a decision on its attempt to patent rotational user inputs?

answer: August 2005

text: August 2005

question: Which competitor sued Apple over rights to part of the software user interface?

answer: Creative Technology

text: Creative Technology

question: What was the name of the patent over which Creative asserted its ownership?

answer: Zen Patent

text: Zen Patent

question: From which entity did Creative request an investigation into Apple importing their devices to the US?

answer: United States International Trade Commission

text: United States International Trade Commission

question: What interface feature did Apple unsuccessfully try to patent?

answer: rotational user inputs

text: rotational user inputs

question: Which rival company sued Apple in 2005 and 2006?

answer: Creative Technology

text: Creative Technology


text: The top 12 finalists originally included Mario Vazquez, but he dropped out citing 'personal reasons' and was replaced by Nikko Smith. Later, an employee of Freemantle Media, which produces the show, sued the company for wrongful termination, claiming that he was dismissed after complaining about lewd behavior by Vazquez toward him during the show.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: The

text: top

text: finalists

text: originally

text: included

text: Mario

text: Vazquez

text: but

text: he

text: dropped

text: out

text: citing

text: personal

text: reasons

text: and

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: Nikko

text: Smith

text: Later

text: an

text: employee

text: of

text: Freemantle

text: Media

text: which

text: produces

text: the

text: show

text: sued

text: the

text: company

text: for

text: wrongful

text: termination

text: claiming

text: that

text: he

text: was

text: dismissed

text: after

text: complaining

text: about

text: lewd

text: behavior

text: by

text: Vazquez

text: toward

text: him

text: during

text: the

text: show

question: Who got a spot in the top 12 after Mario Vasquez dropped out?

answer: Nikko Smith

text: Nikko Smith

question: Who replaced Vasquez as a finalist?

answer: Nikko Smith

text: Nikko Smith

question: What company produces the show?

answer: Freemantle Media

text: Freemantle Media

question: A former employee states he was fired after complaining about which finalist?

answer: Vazquez

text: Vazquez


text: Different religious traditions assign differing (though often similar) attributes and characteristics to God, including expansive powers and abilities, psychological characteristics, gender characteristics, and preferred nomenclature. The assignment of these attributes often differs according to the conceptions of God in the culture from which they arise. For example, attributes of God in Christianity, attributes of God in Islam, and the Thirteen Attributes of Mercy in Judaism share certain similarities arising from their common roots.

title: God

title: God

text: Different

text: religious

text: traditions

text: assign

text: differing

text: though

text: often

text: similar

text: attributes

text: and

text: characteristics

text: to

text: God

text: including

text: expansive

text: powers

text: and

text: abilities

text: psychological

text: characteristics

text: gender

text: characteristics

text: and

text: preferred

text: nomenclature

text: The

text: assignment

text: of

text: these

text: attributes

text: often

text: differs

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: conceptions

text: of

text: God

text: in

text: the

text: culture

text: from

text: which

text: they

text: arise

text: For

text: example

text: attributes

text: of

text: God

text: in

text: Christianity

text: attributes

text: of

text: God

text: in

text: Islam

text: and

text: the

text: Thirteen

text: Attributes

text: of

text: Mercy

text: in

text: Judaism

text: share

text: certain

text: similarities

text: arising

text: from

text: their

text: common

text: roots

question: What do religions share across their belief structures?

answer: similarities arising from their common roots

text: similarities arising from their common roots

question: What are some religious traditions that are found within differing religions?

answer: expansive powers and abilities, psychological characteristics, gender characteristics, and preferred nomenclature

text: expansive powers and abilities, psychological characteristics, gender characteristics, and preferred nomenclature

question: Who does Christianity share roots with?

answer: attributes of God in Islam, and the Thirteen Attributes of Mercy in Judaism

text: attributes of God in Islam, and the Thirteen Attributes of Mercy in Judaism

question: How many Attributes of Mercy are in Judaism?

answer: Thirteen

text: Thirteen

question: What three religions share similar parts?

answer: God in Christianity, attributes of God in Islam, and the Thirteen Attributes of Mercy in Judaism

text: God in Christianity, attributes of God in Islam, and the Thirteen Attributes of Mercy in Judaism

question: What three religions share similar beginnings?

answer: Christianity, attributes of God in Islam, and the Thirteen Attributes of Mercy in Judaism

text: Christianity, attributes of God in Islam, and the Thirteen Attributes of Mercy in Judaism

question: What attributes do religions all roughly share?

answer: expansive powers and abilities, psychological characteristics, gender characteristics, and preferred nomenclature

text: expansive powers and abilities, psychological characteristics, gender characteristics, and preferred nomenclature

question: What beliefs have similar psychological characteristics?

question: What reliegion does Islam share culture with?

text: Judaism

question: How many attributes of mercy are in Islam?

text: Thirteen

question: What attributes do different cultures have?

question: What is one thing Christianity assigns to different religions?

text: preferred nomenclature


text: From September 1823 to 1826 Chopin attended the Warsaw Lyceum, where he received organ lessons from the Czech musician Wilhelm Würfel during his first year. In the autumn of 1826 he began a three-year course under the Silesian composer Józef Elsner at the Warsaw Conservatory, studying music theory, figured bass and composition.[n 3] Throughout this period he continued to compose and to give recitals in concerts and salons in Warsaw. He was engaged by the inventors of a mechanical organ, the "eolomelodicon", and on this instrument in May 1825 he performed his own improvisation and part of a concerto by Moscheles. The success of this concert led to an invitation to give a similar recital on the instrument before Tsar Alexander I, who was visiting Warsaw; the Tsar presented him with a diamond ring. At a subsequent eolomelodicon concert on 10 June 1825, Chopin performed his Rondo Op. 1. This was the first of his works to be commercially published and earned him his first mention in the foreign press, when the Leipzig Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung praised his "wealth of musical ideas".

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: From

text: September

text: to

text: Chopin

text: attended

text: the

text: Warsaw

text: Lyceum

text: where

text: he

text: received

text: organ

text: lessons

text: from

text: the

text: Czech

text: musician

text: Wilhelm

text: Würfel

text: during

text: his

text: first

text: year

text: In

text: the

text: autumn

text: of

text: he

text: began

text: a

text: three

text: year

text: course

text: under

text: the

text: Silesian

text: composer

text: Józef

text: Elsner

text: at

text: the

text: Warsaw

text: Conservatory

text: studying

text: music

text: theory

text: figured

text: bass

text: and

text: composition.[n

text: Throughout

text: this

text: period

text: he

text: continued

text: to

text: compose

text: and

text: to

text: give

text: recitals

text: in

text: concerts

text: and

text: salons

text: in

text: Warsaw

text: He

text: was

text: engaged

text: by

text: the

text: inventors

text: of

text: a

text: mechanical

text: organ

text: the

text: eolomelodicon

text: and

text: on

text: this

text: instrument

text: in

text: May

text: he

text: performed

text: his

text: own

text: improvisation

text: and

text: part

text: of

text: a

text: concerto

text: by

text: Moscheles

text: The

text: success

text: of

text: this

text: concert

text: led

text: to

text: an

text: invitation

text: to

text: give

text: a

text: similar

text: recital

text: on

text: the

text: instrument

text: before

text: Tsar

text: Alexander

text: I

text: who

text: was

text: visiting

text: Warsaw

text: the

text: Tsar

text: presented

text: him

text: with

text: a

text: diamond

text: ring

text: At

text: a

text: subsequent

text: eolomelodicon

text: concert

text: on

text: June

text: Chopin

text: performed

text: his

text: Rondo

text: Op

text: This

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: of

text: his

text: works

text: to

text: be

text: commercially

text: published

text: and

text: earned

text: him

text: his

text: first

text: mention

text: in

text: the

text: foreign

text: press

text: when

text: the

text: Leipzig

text: Allgemeine

text: Musikalische

text: Zeitung

text: praised

text: his

text: wealth

text: of

text: musical

text: ideas

question: During what years did Frédéric visit the Warsaw Lyceum for lessons?

answer: 1823 to 1826

text: 1823 to 1826

question: Who was Frédéric a student of involving music theory starting in 1826?

answer: Józef Elsner

text: Józef Elsner

question: What was the name of the mechanical organ Frédéric performed on during 1825?

answer: eolomelodicon

text: eolomelodicon

question: Which tsar did Frédéric perform for due to his success in previous concerts?

answer: Alexander I

text: Alexander I

question: On what date was Frédéric's first performance that earned international esteem?

answer: 10 June 1825

text: 10 June 1825

question: Who taught Chopin to play the organ?

answer: Wilhelm Würfel

text: Wilhelm Würfel

question: Chopin had three years of lessons with whom?

answer: Józef Elsner

text: Józef Elsner

question: What instrument did Chopin play in front of Tsar Alexander I?

answer: eolomelodicon

text: eolomelodicon

question: What gift did Tsar Alexander I give to Chopin?

answer: diamond ring

text: diamond ring

question: What was the first of Chopin's works to gain international renown?

answer: Rondo Op. 1

text: Rondo Op. 1

question: Who gave Chopin instruction on how to play the organ?

answer: Wilhelm Würfel

text: Wilhelm Würfel

question: What was the name of the teacher of Chopin's three year course that began in the fall of 1826?

answer: Józef Elsner

text: Józef Elsner

question: What is th ename of the mechanical organ Chopin played in 1825?

answer: eolomelodicon

text: eolomelodicon

question: What did Tsar Alexander I give to Chopin?

answer: a diamond ring.

text: a diamond ring.

question: What is the title of his first commercially successful work?

answer: Rondo Op. 1.

text: Rondo Op. 1.


text: The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society. He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class. The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies, and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms. These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence, particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States. From the reign of Emperor Wu onward, the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics, synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu. This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in AD 1911.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: The

text: emperor

text: was

text: at

text: the

text: pinnacle

text: of

text: Han

text: society

text: He

text: presided

text: over

text: the

text: Han

text: government

text: but

text: shared

text: power

text: with

text: both

text: the

text: nobility

text: and

text: appointed

text: ministers

text: who

text: came

text: largely

text: from

text: the

text: scholarly

text: gentry

text: class

text: The

text: Han

text: Empire

text: was

text: divided

text: into

text: areas

text: directly

text: controlled

text: by

text: the

text: central

text: government

text: using

text: an

text: innovation

text: inherited

text: from

text: the

text: Qin

text: known

text: as

text: commanderies

text: and

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: semi

text: autonomous

text: kingdoms

text: These

text: kingdoms

text: gradually

text: lost

text: all

text: vestiges

text: of

text: their

text: independence

text: particularly

text: following

text: the

text: Rebellion

text: of

text: the

text: Seven

text: States

text: From

text: the

text: reign

text: of

text: Emperor

text: Wu

text: onward

text: the

text: Chinese

text: court

text: officially

text: sponsored

text: Confucianism

text: in

text: education

text: and

text: court

text: politics

text: synthesized

text: with

text: the

text: cosmology

text: of

text: later

text: scholars

text: such

text: as

text: Dong

text: Zhongshu

text: This

text: policy

text: endured

text: until

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: the

text: Qing

text: dynasty

text: in

text: AD

question: When did the Qing dynasty fall?

answer: AD 1911

text: AD 1911

question: What innovation was acquired from the Qin?

answer: commanderies

text: commanderies

question: What philosphy in education was sanctioned by the Chinese court?

answer: Confucianism

text: Confucianism

question: What was an attributing factor that caused kingdoms to lose their Independence during the Han dynasty?

answer: the Rebellion of the Seven States

text: the Rebellion of the Seven States

question: What class did a majority of appointed ministers come from during the Han dynasty?

answer: scholarly gentry

text: scholarly gentry


text: A general purpose computer has four main components: the arithmetic logic unit (ALU), the control unit, the memory, and the input and output devices (collectively termed I/O). These parts are interconnected by buses, often made of groups of wires.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: A

text: general

text: purpose

text: computer

text: has

text: four

text: main

text: components

text: the

text: arithmetic

text: logic

text: unit

text: ALU

text: the

text: control

text: unit

text: the

text: memory

text: and

text: the

text: input

text: and

text: output

text: devices

text: collectively

text: termed

text: I

text: O

text: These

text: parts

text: are

text: interconnected

text: by

text: buses

text: often

text: made

text: of

text: groups

text: of

text: wires

question: The ALU of a computer stands for what?

answer: arithmetic logic

text: arithmetic logic

question: Input and output devices are known as what term?

answer: I/O

text: I/O

question: Besides the ALU, input and output devices, what are the other two main components of a computer?

answer: the control unit, the memory

text: the control unit, the memory


text: In the subtractive color system, used in painting and color printing, green is created by a combination of yellow and blue, or yellow and cyan; in the RGB color model, used on television and computer screens, it is one of the additive primary colors, along with red and blue, which are mixed in different combinations to create all other colors. On the HSV color wheel, also known as the RGB color wheel, the complement of green is magenta; that is, a color corresponding to an equal mixture of red and blue light (one of the purples). On a traditional color wheel, based on subtractive color, the complementary color to green is considered to be red.

title: Green

title: Green

text: In

text: the

text: subtractive

text: color

text: system

text: used

text: in

text: painting

text: and

text: color

text: printing

text: green

text: is

text: created

text: by

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: yellow

text: and

text: blue

text: or

text: yellow

text: and

text: cyan

text: in

text: the

text: RGB

text: color

text: model

text: used

text: on

text: television

text: and

text: computer

text: screens

text: it

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: additive

text: primary

text: colors

text: along

text: with

text: red

text: and

text: blue

text: which

text: are

text: mixed

text: in

text: different

text: combinations

text: to

text: create

text: all

text: other

text: colors

text: On

text: the

text: HSV

text: color

text: wheel

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: RGB

text: color

text: wheel

text: the

text: complement

text: of

text: green

text: is

text: magenta

text: that

text: is

text: a

text: color

text: corresponding

text: to

text: an

text: equal

text: mixture

text: of

text: red

text: and

text: blue

text: light

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: purples

text: On

text: a

text: traditional

text: color

text: wheel

text: based

text: on

text: subtractive

text: color

text: the

text: complementary

text: color

text: to

text: green

text: is

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: red

question: In which color system is green created by combining yellow and blue?

answer: subtractive

text: subtractive

question: In which color model is green one of the additive primary colors?

answer: RGB

text: RGB

question: What is the complement of green on the HSV color wheel?

answer: magenta

text: magenta

question: What is the complement of green on the traditional color wheel?

answer: red

text: red

question: In color printing, blue is created by combining green and what?

text: yellow

question: What color model is used in a subtractive system?

text: RGB

question: What is another name for the color wheel using the subtractive system?

text: HSV

question: And equal mixture of green and magenta creates what?

text: one of the purples

question: What is the complementary color to blue?

text: red


text:
The movie industry was born in Paris when Auguste and Louis Lumière projected the first motion picture for a paying audience at the Grand Café on 28 December 1895. Many of Paris' concert/dance halls were transformed into movie theatres when the media became popular beginning in the 1930s. Later, most of the largest cinemas were divided into multiple, smaller rooms. Paris' largest cinema room today is in Le Grand Rex theatre with 2,700 seats.
Big multiplex movie theaters have been built since the 1990s. UGC Ciné Cité Les Halles with 27 screens, MK2 Bibliothèque with 20 screens and UGC Ciné Cité Bercy with 18 screens are among the largest.

title: Paris

title: Paris

text: The

text: movie

text: industry

text: was

text: born

text: in

text: Paris

text: when

text: Auguste

text: and

text: Louis

text: Lumière

text: projected

text: the

text: first

text: motion

text: picture

text: for

text: a

text: paying

text: audience

text: at

text: the

text: Grand

text: Café

text: on

text: December

text: Many

text: of

text: Paris

text: concert

text: dance

text: halls

text: were

text: transformed

text: into

text: movie

text: theatres

text: when

text: the

text: media

text: became

text: popular

text: beginning

text: in

text: the

text: Later

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: cinemas

text: were

text: divided

text: into

text: multiple

text: smaller

text: rooms

text: Paris

text: largest

text: cinema

text: room

text: today

text: is

text: in

text: Le

text: Grand

text: Rex

text: theatre

text: with

text: seats

text: Big

text: multiplex

text: movie

text: theaters

text: have

text: been

text: built

text: since

text: the

text: UGC

text: Ciné

text: Cité

text: Les

text: Halles

text: with

text: screens

text: Bibliothèque

text: with

text: screens

text: and

text: UGC

text: Ciné

text: Cité

text: Bercy

text: with

text: screens

text: are

text: among

text: the

text: largest

question: Where was the first movie projected for a paying audience in Paris?

answer: Grand Café

text: Grand Café

question: What date was the first movie played in Paris for a paying crowd?

answer: 28 December 1895

text: 28 December 1895

question: In what decade did movie theaters become popular?

answer: 1930s

question: What is the largest cinema room today in Paris?

answer: Le Grand Rex

text: Le Grand Rex


text: The creation of a unified German Empire ended the balance of power that had been created with the Congress of Vienna after the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Germany had established itself as the main power in continental Europe with the most powerful and professional army in the world.[citation needed] Although Great Britain remained the dominant world power, British involvement in European affairs during the late 19th century was very limited, allowing Germany to exercise great influence over the European mainland.[citation needed] Besides, the Crown Prince's marriage with the daughter of Queen Victoria was only the most prominent of several German–British relationships.

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: The

text: creation

text: of

text: a

text: unified

text: German

text: Empire

text: ended

text: the

text: balance

text: of

text: power

text: that

text: had

text: been

text: created

text: with

text: the

text: Congress

text: of

text: Vienna

text: after

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

text: Germany

text: had

text: established

text: itself

text: as

text: the

text: main

text: power

text: in

text: continental

text: Europe

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: powerful

text: and

text: professional

text: army

text: in

text: the

text: world.[citation

text: needed

text: Although

text: Great

text: Britain

text: remained

text: the

text: dominant

text: world

text: power

text: British

text: involvement

text: in

text: European

text: affairs

text: during

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: was

text: very

text: limited

text: allowing

text: Germany

text: to

text: exercise

text: great

text: influence

text: over

text: the

text: European

text: mainland.[citation

text: needed

text: Besides

text: the

text: Crown

text: Prince

text: 's

text: marriage

text: with

text: the

text: daughter

text: of

text: Queen

text: Victoria

text: was

text: only

text: the

text: most

text: prominent

text: of

text: several

text: German

text: British

text: relationships

question: A unified German Empire ended the balance of power in which congress?

answer: Congress of Vienna

text: Congress of Vienna

question: At the end of the Napoleonic wars, Germany had established itself as what, in continental Europe?

answer: the main power

text: the main power

question: Who remained the dominant world power at this time?

answer: Great Britain

text: Great Britain

question: British involvement in European matters in the late 19th century was considered what?

answer: very limited

text: very limited

question: The Crown Prince's marriage to whom was considered the most prominent of German-British royal liasons?

answer: the daughter of Queen Victoria

text: the daughter of Queen Victoria


text: Valencian is classified as a Western dialect, along with the northwestern varieties spoken in Western Catalonia (provinces of Lleida and the western half of Tarragona). The various forms of Catalan and Valencian are mutually intelligible (ranging from 90% to 95%)

title: Catalan_language

title: Catalan_language

text: Valencian

text: is

text: classified

text: as

text: a

text: Western

text: dialect

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: northwestern

text: varieties

text: spoken

text: in

text: Western

text: Catalonia

text: provinces

text: of

text: Lleida

text: and

text: the

text: western

text: half

text: of

text: Tarragona

text: The

text: various

text: forms

text: of

text: Catalan

text: and

text: Valencian

text: are

text: mutually

text: intelligible

text: ranging

text: from

text: to

question: How is Valencian classified?

answer: Western dialect

text: Western dialect

question: What kind of Valencan is spoken in Western Catalonia?

answer: northwestern varieties

text: northwestern varieties

question: Where are the provinces of Lleida and Tarragona?

answer: Western Catalonia

text: Western Catalonia

question: What forms are mutually intelligible?

answer: Catalan and Valencian

text: Catalan and Valencian

question: What is the percentage of intelligibility between Catalan and Valencian?

answer: 90% to 95%

text: 90% to 95%


text: The Canadian Armed Forces (CAF; French: Forces armées canadiennes, FAC), or Canadian Forces (CF) (French: les Forces canadiennes, FC), is the unified armed force of Canada, as constituted by the National Defence Act, which states: "The Canadian Forces are the armed forces of Her Majesty raised by Canada and consist of one Service called the Canadian Armed Forces."

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

title: Canadian_Armed_Forces

text: The

text: Canadian

text: Armed

text: Forces

text: CAF

text: French

text: Forces

text: armées

text: canadiennes

text: FAC

text: or

text: Canadian

text: Forces

text: CF

text: French

text: les

text: Forces

text: canadiennes

text: FC

text: is

text: the

text: unified

text: armed

text: force

text: of

text: Canada

text: as

text: constituted

text: by

text: the

text: National

text: Defence

text: Act

text: which

text: states

text: The

text: Canadian

text: Forces

text: are

text: the

text: armed

text: forces

text: of

text: Her

text: Majesty

text: raised

text: by

text: Canada

text: and

text: consist

text: of

text: one

text: Service

text: called

text: the

text: Canadian

text: Armed

text: Forces

question: What is the French name of the Canadian Armed Forces?

answer: Forces armées canadiennes

text: Forces armées canadiennes

question: What law constitutes the CAF?

answer: the National Defence Act

text: the National Defence Act

question: Who are the CAF supposed to protect?

answer: Her Majesty

text: Her Majesty

question: What does CF stand for in this context?

answer: Forces canadiennes

text: Forces canadiennes

question: What does CFA stand for?

text: Canadian Armed Forces

question: What does the Canadian Armed Forces Act state?

question: What act names the leader of the les cnadiennes Forces as Her Majesty?

text: National Defence Act

question: What is the Italian name of the Canadian Armed Forces?

text: Forces armées canadiennes

question: What law constitutes the CEF?

text: National Defence Act

question: Who aren't the CAF supposed to protect?

text: Her Majesty

question: What does COF stand for in this context?

text: Forces canadiennes


text: The German Empire had primarily economic interests in Micronesia. The Japanese interests were in land. Despite the Marshalls' small area and few resources, the absorption of the territory by Japan would to some extent alleviate Japan's problem of an increasing population with a diminishing amount of available land to house it. During its years of colonial rule, Japan moved more than 1,000 Japanese to the Marshall Islands although they never outnumbered the indigenous peoples as they did in the Mariana Islands and Palau.

title: Marshall_Islands

title: Marshall_Islands

text: The

text: German

text: Empire

text: had

text: primarily

text: economic

text: interests

text: in

text: Micronesia

text: The

text: Japanese

text: interests

text: were

text: in

text: land

text: Despite

text: the

text: Marshalls

text: small

text: area

text: and

text: few

text: resources

text: the

text: absorption

text: of

text: the

text: territory

text: by

text: Japan

text: would

text: to

text: some

text: extent

text: alleviate

text: Japan

text: 's

text: problem

text: of

text: an

text: increasing

text: population

text: with

text: a

text: diminishing

text: amount

text: of

text: available

text: land

text: to

text: house

text: it

text: During

text: its

text: years

text: of

text: colonial

text: rule

text: Japan

text: moved

text: more

text: than

text: Japanese

text: to

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: although

text: they

text: never

text: outnumbered

text: the

text: indigenous

text: peoples

text: as

text: they

text: did

text: in

text: the

text: Mariana

text: Islands

text: and

text: Palau

question: About how many Japanese emigrated to the Marshalls when it was a Japanese colony?

answer: 1,000

question: What was the primary nature of Germany's interest in the Marshall Islands?

answer: economic

text: economic

question: What was the primary nature of Japan's interest in the Marshall Islands?

answer: land

text: land

question: Along with the Mariana Islands, on what island were there more Japanese settlers than indigenous inhabitants?

answer: Palau

text: Palau


text: However, since the 20th century, indigenous peoples in the Americas have been more vocal about the ways they wish to be referred to, pressing for the elimination of terms widely considered to be obsolete, inaccurate, or racist. During the latter half of the 20th century and the rise of the Indian rights movement, the United States government responded by proposing the use of the term "Native American," to recognize the primacy of indigenous peoples' tenure in the nation, but this term was not fully accepted. Other naming conventions have been proposed and used, but none are accepted by all indigenous groups.

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

title: Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas

text: However

text: since

text: the

text: century

text: indigenous

text: peoples

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: have

text: been

text: more

text: vocal

text: about

text: the

text: ways

text: they

text: wish

text: to

text: be

text: referred

text: to

text: pressing

text: for

text: the

text: elimination

text: of

text: terms

text: widely

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: obsolete

text: inaccurate

text: or

text: racist

text: During

text: the

text: latter

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: the

text: rise

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: rights

text: movement

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: government

text: responded

text: by

text: proposing

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: Native

text: American

text: to

text: recognize

text: the

text: primacy

text: of

text: indigenous

text: peoples

text: tenure

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: but

text: this

text: term

text: was

text: not

text: fully

text: accepted

text: Other

text: naming

text: conventions

text: have

text: been

text: proposed

text: and

text: used

text: but

text: are

text: accepted

text: by

text: all

text: indigenous

text: groups

question: What have the peoples in the Americas been more vocal about since the 20th century?

answer: the ways they wish to be referred to

text: the ways they wish to be referred to

question: What terms do the indigenous people press to eliminate?

answer: obsolete, inaccurate, or racist.

text: obsolete, inaccurate, or racist.

question: Who initially proposed using the term "Native American" to recognize the primacy of the native population?

answer: United States government

text: United States government

question: What naming convention is accepted by all indigenous groups?

answer: none


text: Napoleon institutionalised plunder of conquered territories: French museums contain art stolen by Napoleon's forces from across Europe. Artefacts were brought to the Musée du Louvre for a grand central museum; his example would later serve as inspiration for more notorious imitators. He was compared to Adolf Hitler most famously by the historian Pieter Geyl in 1947 and Claude Ribbe in 2005. David G. Chandler, a foremost historian of Napoleonic warfare, wrote in 1973 that, "Nothing could be more degrading to the former [Napoleon] and more flattering to the latter [Hitler]. The comparison is odious. On the whole Napoleon was inspired by a noble dream, wholly dissimilar from Hitler's... Napoleon left great and lasting testimonies to his genius—in codes of law and national identities which survive to the present day. Adolf Hitler left nothing but destruction."

title: Napoleon

title: Napoleon

text: Napoleon

text: institutionalised

text: plunder

text: of

text: conquered

text: territories

text: French

text: museums

text: contain

text: art

text: stolen

text: by

text: Napoleon

text: 's

text: forces

text: from

text: across

text: Europe

text: Artefacts

text: were

text: brought

text: to

text: the

text: Musée

text: du

text: Louvre

text: for

text: a

text: grand

text: central

text: museum

text: his

text: example

text: would

text: later

text: serve

text: as

text: inspiration

text: for

text: more

text: notorious

text: imitators

text: He

text: was

text: compared

text: to

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: most

text: famously

text: by

text: the

text: historian

text: Pieter

text: Geyl

text: in

text: and

text: Claude

text: Ribbe

text: in

text: David

text: G.

text: Chandler

text: a

text: foremost

text: historian

text: of

text: Napoleonic

text: warfare

text: wrote

text: in

text: that

text: Nothing

text: could

text: be

text: more

text: degrading

text: to

text: the

text: former

text: Napoleon

text: and

text: more

text: flattering

text: to

text: the

text: latter

text: Hitler

text: The

text: comparison

text: is

text: odious

text: On

text: the

text: whole

text: Napoleon

text: was

text: inspired

text: by

text: a

text: noble

text: dream

text: wholly

text: dissimilar

text: from

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: Napoleon

text: left

text: great

text: and

text: lasting

text: testimonies

text: to

text: his

text: genius

text: in

text: codes

text: of

text: law

text: and

text: national

text: identities

text: which

text: survive

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: left

text: nothing

text: but

text: destruction

question: What practice in defeated territories became institutionalized under Napoleon?

answer: plunder

text: plunder

question: Where in France were plundered artifacts brought in an effort to create a great central museum?

answer: the Musée du Louvre

text: the Musée du Louvre

question: Who compared Napoleon to Hitler in 1947?

answer: Pieter Geyl

text: Pieter Geyl

question: Who compared Napoleon to Hitler in 2005?

answer: Claude Ribbe

text: Claude Ribbe

question: In 1973, which historian objected to comparisons between Napoleon and Hitler?

answer: David G. Chandler

text: David G. Chandler


text: Diagnosis of infectious disease is nearly always initiated by medical history and physical examination. More detailed identification techniques involve the culture of infectious agents isolated from a patient. Culture allows identification of infectious organisms by examining their microscopic features, by detecting the presence of substances produced by pathogens, and by directly identifying an organism by its genotype. Other techniques (such as X-rays, CAT scans, PET scans or NMR) are used to produce images of internal abnormalities resulting from the growth of an infectious agent. The images are useful in detection of, for example, a bone abscess or a spongiform encephalopathy produced by a prion.

title: Infection

title: Infection

text: Diagnosis

text: of

text: infectious

text: disease

text: is

text: nearly

text: always

text: initiated

text: by

text: medical

text: history

text: and

text: physical

text: examination

text: More

text: detailed

text: identification

text: techniques

text: involve

text: the

text: culture

text: of

text: infectious

text: agents

text: isolated

text: from

text: a

text: patient

text: Culture

text: allows

text: identification

text: of

text: infectious

text: organisms

text: by

text: examining

text: their

text: microscopic

text: features

text: by

text: detecting

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: substances

text: produced

text: by

text: pathogens

text: and

text: by

text: directly

text: identifying

text: an

text: organism

text: by

text: its

text: genotype

text: Other

text: techniques

text: such

text: as

text: X

text: rays

text: CAT

text: scans

text: PET

text: scans

text: or

text: NMR

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: produce

text: images

text: of

text: internal

text: abnormalities

text: resulting

text: from

text: the

text: growth

text: of

text: an

text: infectious

text: agent

text: The

text: images

text: are

text: useful

text: in

text: detection

text: of

text: for

text: example

text: a

text: bone

text: abscess

text: or

text: a

text: spongiform

text: encephalopathy

text: produced

text: by

text: a

text: prion

question: How is diagnosis of infectious disease almost always initiated?

answer: by medical history and physical examination

text: by medical history and physical examination

question: What does taking a culture of an infectious agent isolated from a patient allow?

answer: detailed identification

text: detailed identification

question: What features of an infectious organism does a culture allow examining?

answer: microscopic features

text: microscopic features

question: What can organisms be directly identified by?

answer: its genotype

text: its genotype

question: What technique can be used to produce images of internal abnormalities?

answer: X-rays, CAT scans, PET scans or NMR

text: X-rays, CAT scans, PET scans or NMR

question: How is diagnosis of infectious disease rarely initiated?

question: What does taking a culture of an infectious agent isolated from a patient restrict?

text: detailed identification

question: What features of an infectious organism does a culture forbid examining?

text: microscopic features

question: What can organisms never be directly identified by?

text: its genotype

question: What technique can be used to produce images of external abnormalities?

text: X-rays, CAT scans, PET scans or NMR


text: Of the third Dalai Lama, China Daily states that the "Ming dynasty showed him special favor by allowing him to pay tribute." China Daily then says that Sonam Gyatso was granted the title Dorjichang or Vajradhara Dalai Lama in 1587 [sic!], but China Daily does not mention who granted him the title. Without mentioning the role of the Mongols, China Daily states that it was the successive Qing dynasty which established the title of Dalai Lama and his power in Tibet: "In 1653, the Qing emperor granted an honorific title to the fifth Dalai Lama and then did the same for the fifth Panchen Lama in 1713, officially establishing the titles of the Dalai Lama and the Panchen Erdeni, and their political and religious status in Tibet."

title: Sino-Tibetan_relations_during_the_Ming_dynasty

title: Sino

text: Of

text: the

text: third

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: China

text: Daily

text: states

text: that

text: the

text: Ming

text: dynasty

text: showed

text: him

text: special

text: favor

text: by

text: allowing

text: him

text: to

text: pay

text: tribute

text: China

text: Daily

text: then

text: says

text: that

text: Sonam

text: Gyatso

text: was

text: granted

text: the

text: title

text: Dorjichang

text: or

text: Vajradhara

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: in

text: sic

text: but

text: China

text: Daily

text: does

text: not

text: mention

text: who

text: granted

text: him

text: the

text: title

text: Without

text: mentioning

text: the

text: role

text: of

text: the

text: Mongols

text: China

text: Daily

text: states

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: successive

text: Qing

text: dynasty

text: which

text: established

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: and

text: his

text: power

text: in

text: Tibet

text: In

text: the

text: Qing

text: emperor

text: granted

text: an

text: honorific

text: title

text: to

text: the

text: fifth

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: and

text: then

text: did

text: the

text: same

text: for

text: the

text: fifth

text: Panchen

text: Lama

text: in

text: officially

text: establishing

text: the

text: titles

text: of

text: the

text: Dalai

text: Lama

text: and

text: the

text: Panchen

text: Erdeni

text: and

text: their

text: political

text: and

text: religious

text: status

text: in

text: Tibet

question: Who did the Ming dynasty showed favors to?

answer: the third Dalai Lama

text: the third Dalai Lama

question: What was the the third Dalai Lama allowed to do?

answer: pay tribute

text: pay tribute

question: What title was Sonam Gyatso granted in 1587?

answer: the title Dorjichang or Vajradhara Dalai Lama

text: the title Dorjichang or Vajradhara Dalai Lama

question: In 1653 who did the Qing emperor grant a title to?

answer: the fifth Dalai Lama

text: the fifth Dalai Lama

question: In 1713 who did the Qing emperor grant a title to?

answer: the fifth Panchen Lama

text: the fifth Panchen Lama


text: Research on emotion has increased significantly over the past two decades with many fields contributing including psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, medicine, history, sociology, and even computer science. The numerous theories that attempt to explain the origin, neurobiology, experience, and function of emotions have only fostered more intense research on this topic. Current areas of research in the concept of emotion include the development of materials that stimulate and elicit emotion. In addition PET scans and fMRI scans help study the affective processes in the brain. It also is influenced by hormones and neurotransmitters such as dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin, oxytocin, cortisol and GABA.

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: Research

text: on

text: emotion

text: has

text: increased

text: significantly

text: over

text: the

text: past

text: two

text: decades

text: with

text: many

text: fields

text: contributing

text: including

text: psychology

text: neuroscience

text: endocrinology

text: medicine

text: history

text: sociology

text: and

text: even

text: computer

text: science

text: The

text: numerous

text: theories

text: that

text: attempt

text: to

text: explain

text: the

text: origin

text: neurobiology

text: experience

text: and

text: function

text: of

text: emotions

text: have

text: only

text: fostered

text: more

text: intense

text: research

text: on

text: this

text: topic

text: Current

text: areas

text: of

text: research

text: in

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: emotion

text: include

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: materials

text: that

text: stimulate

text: and

text: elicit

text: emotion

text: In

text: addition

text: PET

text: scans

text: and

text: fMRI

text: scans

text: help

text: study

text: the

text: affective

text: processes

text: in

text: the

text: brain

text: It

text: also

text: is

text: influenced

text: by

text: hormones

text: and

text: neurotransmitters

text: such

text: as

text: dopamine

text: noradrenaline

text: serotonin

text: oxytocin

text: cortisol

text: and

text: GABA

question: Along with psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, medicine, history and sociology, what field has engaged in research on emotion?

answer: computer science

text: computer science

question: Along with dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin, cortisol and oxytocin, what neurotransmitter or hormone influences emotion?

answer: GABA

text: GABA

question: Along with the experience, function and origin of emotion, what aspect of emotion does current research attempt to explain?

answer: neurobiology

text: neurobiology

question: Along with psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, medicine, history and sociology, what field has disengaged in research on emotion?

text: computer science

question: Besides dopamine, noradrenaline, serotonin, cortisol and oxytocin, what neurotransmitter or hormone do not influence emotion?

text: GABA

question: Along with the experience, function and origin of emotion, what aspect of emotion does current research not attempt to explain?

text: neurobiology


text: Each year, nearly $200 million in hunters' federal excise taxes are distributed to state agencies to support wildlife management programs, the purchase of lands open to hunters, and hunter education and safety classes. Since 1934, the sale of Federal Duck Stamps, a required purchase for migratory waterfowl hunters over sixteen years old, has raised over $700 million to help purchase more than 5,200,000 acres (8,100 sq mi; 21,000 km2) of habitat for the National Wildlife Refuge System lands that support waterfowl and many other wildlife species and are often open to hunting. States also collect money from hunting licenses to assist with management of game animals, as designated by law. A key task of federal and state park rangers and game wardens is to enforce laws and regulations related to hunting, including species protection, hunting seasons, and hunting bans.

title: Hunting

title: Hunting

text: Each

text: year

text: nearly

text: million

text: in

text: hunters

text: federal

text: excise

text: taxes

text: are

text: distributed

text: to

text: state

text: agencies

text: to

text: support

text: wildlife

text: management

text: programs

text: the

text: purchase

text: of

text: lands

text: open

text: to

text: hunters

text: and

text: hunter

text: education

text: and

text: safety

text: classes

text: Since

text: the

text: sale

text: of

text: Federal

text: Duck

text: Stamps

text: a

text: required

text: purchase

text: for

text: migratory

text: waterfowl

text: hunters

text: over

text: sixteen

text: years

text: old

text: has

text: raised

text: over

text: million

text: to

text: help

text: purchase

text: more

text: than

text: acres

text: sq

text: mi

text: of

text: habitat

text: for

text: the

text: National

text: Wildlife

text: Refuge

text: System

text: lands

text: that

text: support

text: waterfowl

text: and

text: many

text: other

text: wildlife

text: species

text: and

text: are

text: often

text: open

text: to

text: hunting

text: States

text: also

text: collect

text: money

text: from

text: hunting

text: licenses

text: to

text: assist

text: with

text: management

text: of

text: game

text: animals

text: as

text: designated

text: by

text: law

text: A

text: key

text: task

text: of

text: federal

text: and

text: state

text: park

text: rangers

text: and

text: game

text: wardens

text: is

text: to

text: enforce

text: laws

text: and

text: regulations

text: related

text: to

text: hunting

text: including

text: species

text: protection

text: hunting

text: seasons

text: and

text: hunting

text: bans

question: How much money is distributed to state agencies to support wildlife management programs each year?

answer: $200 million

text: $200 million

question: How much money has the sale of Federal Duck Stamps raised since 1934?

answer: over $700 million

text: over $700 million

question: How many acres can the money raised from the sale of federal duck stamps help purchase?

answer: 5,200,000 acres

text: 5,200,000 acres

question: What do states use some of the money from hunting licenses to assist with?

answer: management of game animals

text: management of game animals

question: What is a key task of state park rangers and game wardens?

answer: to enforce laws and regulations related to hunting

text: to enforce laws and regulations related to hunting

question: Who are federal excise taxes are distributed to?

answer: state agencies

text: state agencies

question: What do the taxes support?

answer: wildlife management programs

text: wildlife management programs

question: How much has Federal Duck Stamps raised?

answer: $700 million

text: $700 million

question: What does land has Federal Duck Stamp money helped purchase?

answer: 5,200,000 acres

text: 5,200,000 acres

question: Park rangers and game wardens enforce laws and regulations related to what?

answer: hunting

text: hunting

question: In what year was the National Wildlife Refuge system created?

question: How much money has been spent to hire park rangers since 1934?

text: $700 million

question: What is a key task of state agencies since 1934?

question: What is the annual budget of the National Wildlife Refuge system?

text: $200 million

question: How many acres of land were for sale in the US in 1934?

text: 5,200,000 acres


text: The thalidomide tragedy resurrected Kefauver's bill to enhance drug regulation that had stalled in Congress, and the Kefauver-Harris Amendment became law on 10 October 1962. Manufacturers henceforth had to prove to FDA that their drugs were effective as well as safe before they could go on the US market. The FDA received authority to regulate advertising of prescription drugs and to establish good manufacturing practices. The law required that all drugs introduced between 1938 and 1962 had to be effective. An FDA - National Academy of Sciences collaborative study showed that nearly 40 percent of these products were not effective. A similarly comprehensive study of over-the-counter products began ten years later.

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

text: The

text: thalidomide

text: tragedy

text: resurrected

text: Kefauver

text: 's

text: bill

text: to

text: enhance

text: drug

text: regulation

text: that

text: had

text: stalled

text: in

text: Congress

text: and

text: the

text: Kefauver

text: Harris

text: Amendment

text: became

text: law

text: on

text: October

text: Manufacturers

text: henceforth

text: had

text: to

text: prove

text: to

text: FDA

text: that

text: their

text: drugs

text: were

text: effective

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: safe

text: before

text: they

text: could

text: go

text: on

text: the

text: US

text: market

text: The

text: FDA

text: received

text: authority

text: to

text: regulate

text: advertising

text: of

text: prescription

text: drugs

text: and

text: to

text: establish

text: good

text: manufacturing

text: practices

text: The

text: law

text: required

text: that

text: all

text: drugs

text: introduced

text: between

text: and

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: effective

text: An

text: FDA

text: National

text: Academy

text: of

text: Sciences

text: collaborative

text: study

text: showed

text: that

text: nearly

text: percent

text: of

text: these

text: products

text: were

text: not

text: effective

text: A

text: similarly

text: comprehensive

text: study

text: of

text: over

text: the

text: counter

text: products

text: began

text: ten

text: years

text: later

question: When did the Kefauver-Harris Amendment become a law?

answer: 10 October 1962

text: 10 October 1962

question: What did this new law require?

answer: all drugs introduced between 1938 and 1962 had to be effective

text: all drugs introduced between 1938 and 1962 had to be effective

question: What did the National Academy of Science's study discover?

answer: nearly 40 percent of these products were not effective

text: nearly 40 percent of these products were not effective

question: How long after the National Academy of Science's study did a study on over the counter drugs occur?

answer: ten years later

text: ten years later

question: What brought up enhancement of drug regulations?

answer: The thalidomide tragedy

text: The thalidomide tragedy

question: When did the Kefauver-Harris Amendment became law?

answer: 10 October 1962

text: 10 October 1962

question: What federal agency regulated the advertising of prescription drugs?

answer: FDA

text: FDA

question: Drugs made between which years had to be tested before going to market?

answer: 1938 and 1962

text: 1938 and 1962

question: What percentage of drugs were shown to be ineffective after an FDA study?

answer: 40 percent

text: 40 percent

question: When did the FDA Amendment become a law?

text: 10 October 1962

question: What did this new law prohibit?

question: What did the FDA study discover?

question: How long after the FDA's study did a study on over the counter drugs occur?

text: ten years later

question: What brought up enhancement of Congress regulations?

text: The thalidomide tragedy


text: The Umayyad Caliphate (Arabic: الخلافة الأموية, trans. Al-Khilāfat al-ʾumawiyya) was the second of the four major Islamic caliphates established after the death of Muhammad. This caliphate was centered on the Umayyad dynasty (Arabic: الأمويون, al-ʾUmawiyyūn, or بنو أمية, Banū ʾUmayya, "Sons of Umayya"), hailing from Mecca. The Umayyad family had first come to power under the third caliph, Uthman ibn Affan (r. 644–656), but the Umayyad regime was founded by Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan, long-time governor of Syria, after the end of the First Muslim Civil War in 661 CE/41 AH. Syria remained the Umayyads' main power base thereafter, and Damascus was their capital. The Umayyads continued the Muslim conquests, incorporating the Caucasus, Transoxiana, Sindh, the Maghreb and the Iberian Peninsula (Al-Andalus) into the Muslim world. At its greatest extent, the Umayyad Caliphate covered 15 million km2 (5.79 million square miles), making it the largest empire (in terms of area - not in terms of population) the world had yet seen, and the fifth largest ever to exist.

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

text: The

text: Umayyad

text: Caliphate

text: Arabic

text: الخلافة

text: الأموية

text: trans

text: Al

text: Khilāfat

text: al-ʾumawiyya

text: was

text: the

text: second

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: major

text: Islamic

text: caliphates

text: established

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Muhammad

text: This

text: caliphate

text: was

text: centered

text: on

text: the

text: Umayyad

text: dynasty

text: Arabic

text: الأمويون

text: al-ʾUmawiyyūn

text: or

text: بنو

text: أمية

text: Banū

text: ʾUmayya

text: Sons

text: of

text: Umayya

text: hailing

text: from

text: Mecca

text: The

text: Umayyad

text: family

text: had

text: first

text: come

text: to

text: power

text: under

text: the

text: third

text: caliph

text: Uthman

text: ibn

text: Affan

text: r.

text: but

text: the

text: Umayyad

text: regime

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: Muawiya

text: ibn

text: Abi

text: Sufyan

text: long

text: time

text: governor

text: of

text: Syria

text: after

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: First

text: Muslim

text: Civil

text: War

text: in

text: AH

text: Syria

text: remained

text: the

text: Umayyads

text: main

text: power

text: base

text: thereafter

text: and

text: Damascus

text: was

text: their

text: capital

text: The

text: Umayyads

text: continued

text: the

text: Muslim

text: conquests

text: incorporating

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: Transoxiana

text: Sindh

text: the

text: Maghreb

text: and

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: Al

text: Andalus

text: into

text: the

text: Muslim

text: world

text: At

text: its

text: greatest

text: extent

text: the

text: Umayyad

text: Caliphate

text: covered

text: million

text: million

text: square

text: miles

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: largest

text: empire

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: area

text: not

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: population

text: the

text: world

text: had

text: yet

text: seen

text: and

text: the

text: fifth

text: largest

text: ever

text: to

text: exist

question: How many major Islamic caliphates existed after Muhammad's death?

answer: four

text: four

question: Who was the third caliph?

answer: Uthman ibn Affan

text: Uthman ibn Affan

question: Who founded the Umayyad regime?

answer: Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan

text: Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan

question: How many million square miles was the Umayyad caliphate at its largest size?

answer: 5.79

question: How many Islamic caliphates existed before the death of Muhammad?

text: four

question: Who was the first caliph?

text: Uthman ibn Affan

question: When did the First Muslim Civil War begin?

text: 661 CE/41 AH

question: What was the first major Islamic caliphate?

text: The Umayyad Caliphate

question: How many square miles big was the Umayyad Caliphate at it's smallest?

text: 5.79 million


text: Emotion regulation refers to the cognitive and behavioral strategies people use to influence their own emotional experience. For example, a behavioral strategy in which one avoids a situation to avoid unwanted emotions (e.g., trying not to think about the situation, doing distracting activities, etc.). Depending on the particular school's general emphasis on either cognitive components of emotion, physical energy discharging, or on symbolic movement and facial expression components of emotion, different schools of psychotherapy approach the regulation of emotion differently. Cognitively oriented schools approach them via their cognitive components, such as rational emotive behavior therapy. Yet others approach emotions via symbolic movement and facial expression components (like in contemporary Gestalt therapy).

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: Emotion

text: regulation

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: cognitive

text: and

text: behavioral

text: strategies

text: people

text: use

text: to

text: influence

text: their

text: own

text: emotional

text: experience

text: For

text: example

text: a

text: behavioral

text: strategy

text: in

text: which

text: one

text: avoids

text: a

text: situation

text: to

text: avoid

text: unwanted

text: emotions

text: e.g.

text: trying

text: not

text: to

text: think

text: about

text: the

text: situation

text: doing

text: distracting

text: activities

text: etc

text: Depending

text: on

text: the

text: particular

text: school

text: 's

text: general

text: emphasis

text: on

text: either

text: cognitive

text: components

text: of

text: emotion

text: physical

text: energy

text: discharging

text: or

text: on

text: symbolic

text: movement

text: and

text: facial

text: expression

text: components

text: of

text: emotion

text: different

text: schools

text: of

text: psychotherapy

text: approach

text: the

text: regulation

text: of

text: emotion

text: differently

text: Cognitively

text: oriented

text: schools

text: approach

text: them

text: via

text: their

text: cognitive

text: components

text: such

text: as

text: rational

text: emotive

text: behavior

text: therapy

text: Yet

text: others

text: approach

text: emotions

text: via

text: symbolic

text: movement

text: and

text: facial

text: expression

text: components

text: like

text: in

text: contemporary

text: Gestalt

text: therapy

question: What is the term for the strategies used by people to influence their emotional experiences?

answer: Emotion regulation

text: Emotion regulation

question: What type of strategy involves avoiding a situation where unwanted emotions might be experienced?

answer: behavioral

text: behavioral

question: Rational emotive behavior therapy is an approach used by what psychotherapy schools?

answer: Cognitively oriented schools

text: Cognitively oriented schools

question: What sort of therapy might examine emotions based on components of facial expressions?

answer: Gestalt therapy

text: Gestalt therapy

question: What is the term for the strategies not used by people to influence their emotional experiences?

text: Emotion regulation

question: What type of strategy involves avoiding a situation where wanted emotions might be experienced?

text: behavioral

question: Rational emotive behavior therapy is not an approach used by what psychotherapy schools?

text: Cognitively oriented schools

question: What sort of therapy might not examine emotions based on components of facial expressions?

text: Gestalt therapy


text: The law of the Eastern Catholic Churches in full union with Rome was in much the same state as that of the Latin or Western Church before 1917; much more diversity in legislation existed in the various Eastern Catholic Churches. Each had its own special law, in which custom still played an important part. In 1929 Pius XI informed the Eastern Churches of his intention to work out a Code for the whole of the Eastern Church. The publication of these Codes for the Eastern Churches regarding the law of persons was made between 1949 through 1958 but finalized nearly 30 years later.

title: Canon_law

title: Canon_law

text: The

text: law

text: of

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Catholic

text: Churches

text: in

text: full

text: union

text: with

text: Rome

text: was

text: in

text: much

text: the

text: same

text: state

text: as

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Latin

text: or

text: Western

text: Church

text: before

text: much

text: more

text: diversity

text: in

text: legislation

text: existed

text: in

text: the

text: various

text: Eastern

text: Catholic

text: Churches

text: Each

text: had

text: its

text: own

text: special

text: law

text: in

text: which

text: custom

text: still

text: played

text: an

text: important

text: part

text: In

text: Pius

text: XI

text: informed

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Churches

text: of

text: his

text: intention

text: to

text: work

text: out

text: a

text: Code

text: for

text: the

text: whole

text: of

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Church

text: The

text: publication

text: of

text: these

text: Codes

text: for

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Churches

text: regarding

text: the

text: law

text: of

text: persons

text: was

text: made

text: between

text: through

text: but

text: finalized

text: nearly

text: years

text: later

question: Prior to 1917, what church was in a similar situation as the Eastern Catholic Churches as regards its legal system?

answer: the Latin or Western Church

text: the Latin or Western Church

question: What was different about the Eastern Churches compared with the Western?

answer: more diversity in legislation

text: more diversity in legislation

question: What was still a main factor in the Eastern Church laws?

answer: custom

text: custom

question: When did Pius XI announce his goal of codifying the law of all Eastern Churches?

answer: 1929

question: During what time period were the Codes for Eastern Churches made available, prior to the final version?

answer: 1949 through 1958

text: 1949 through 1958

question: Who is in much the same state as the Latin church after 1917?

text: Eastern Catholic Churches

question: What was the same in the Eastern and Western church prior to 1917?

text: diversity in legislation

question: When did Pius IX announced his goal of codifying the law of all Eastern churches?

question: What was finalized in 1958?

text: Codes for the Eastern Churches

question: What is still waiting to be finalized?


text: The Bronze Age arrived circa 1500 BC when people in the region were turning copper into bronze, growing rice and domesticating poultry and pigs; they were among the first people in the world to do so. Human remains and artifacts from this era were discovered in Monywa District in the Sagaing Division. The Iron Age began around 500 BC with the emergence of iron-working settlements in an area south of present-day Mandalay. Evidence also shows the presence of rice-growing settlements of large villages and small towns that traded with their surroundings as far as China between 500 BC and 200 AD. Iron Age Burmese cultures also had influences from outside sources such as India and Thailand, as seen in their funerary practices concerning child burials. This indicates some form of communication between groups in Myanmar and other places, possibly through trade.

title: Myanmar

title: Myanmar

text: The

text: Bronze

text: Age

text: arrived

text: circa

text: BC

text: when

text: people

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: were

text: turning

text: copper

text: into

text: bronze

text: growing

text: rice

text: and

text: domesticating

text: poultry

text: and

text: pigs

text: they

text: were

text: among

text: the

text: first

text: people

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: Human

text: remains

text: and

text: artifacts

text: from

text: this

text: era

text: were

text: discovered

text: in

text: Monywa

text: District

text: in

text: the

text: Sagaing

text: Division

text: The

text: Iron

text: Age

text: began

text: around

text: BC

text: with

text: the

text: emergence

text: of

text: iron

text: working

text: settlements

text: in

text: an

text: area

text: south

text: of

text: present

text: day

text: Mandalay

text: Evidence

text: also

text: shows

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: rice

text: growing

text: settlements

text: of

text: large

text: villages

text: and

text: small

text: towns

text: that

text: traded

text: with

text: their

text: surroundings

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: China

text: between

text: BC

text: and

text: AD

text: Iron

text: Age

text: Burmese

text: cultures

text: also

text: had

text: influences

text: from

text: outside

text: sources

text: such

text: as

text: India

text: and

text: Thailand

text: as

text: seen

text: in

text: their

text: funerary

text: practices

text: concerning

text: child

text: burials

text: This

text: indicates

text: some

text: form

text: of

text: communication

text: between

text: groups

text: in

text: Myanmar

text: and

text: other

text: places

text: possibly

text: through

text: trade

question: By what name is the era in the 3rd millennium around 1500 BC known?

answer: The Bronze Age

text: The Bronze Age

question: What events of significance to human development occurred during the Bronze Age ?

answer: people in the region were turning copper into bronze, growing rice

text: people in the region were turning copper into bronze, growing rice

question: What event evolving animals are the Myanmar also accredited with being the first to accomplish?

answer: domesticating poultry and pigs

text: domesticating poultry and pigs

question: When did the Age of Iron begin?

answer: The Iron Age began around 500 BC

text: The Iron Age began around 500 BC

question: What events punctuate the beginning of the Iron Age?

answer: with the emergence of iron-working settlements in an area south of present-day Mandalay

text: with the emergence of iron-working settlements in an area south of present-day Mandalay


text: After the 1948 election, the state turned firmly Republican. Although registered Republicans were a minority in the state until 2015, starting in 1952, Oklahoma has been carried by Republican presidential candidates in all but one election (1964). This is not to say that every election has been a landslide for Republicans: Jimmy Carter lost the state by less than 1.5% in 1976, while Michael Dukakis and Bill Clinton both won 40% or more of the state's popular vote in 1988 and 1996 respectively. Al Gore in 2000, though, was the last Democrat to even win any counties in the state. Oklahoma was the only state where Barack Obama failed to carry any of its counties in both 2008 and 2012.

title: Oklahoma

title: Oklahoma

text: After

text: the

text: election

text: the

text: state

text: turned

text: firmly

text: Republican

text: Although

text: registered

text: Republicans

text: were

text: a

text: minority

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: until

text: starting

text: in

text: Oklahoma

text: has

text: been

text: carried

text: by

text: Republican

text: presidential

text: candidates

text: in

text: all

text: but

text: one

text: election

text: This

text: is

text: not

text: to

text: say

text: that

text: every

text: election

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: landslide

text: for

text: Republicans

text: Jimmy

text: Carter

text: lost

text: the

text: state

text: by

text: less

text: than

text: in

text: while

text: Michael

text: Dukakis

text: and

text: Bill

text: Clinton

text: both

text: won

text: or

text: more

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: popular

text: vote

text: in

text: and

text: respectively

text: Al

text: Gore

text: in

text: though

text: was

text: the

text: last

text: Democrat

text: to

text: even

text: win

text: any

text: counties

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: Oklahoma

text: was

text: the

text: only

text: state

text: where

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: failed

text: to

text: carry

text: any

text: of

text: its

text: counties

text: in

text: both

text: and

question: What political party rose to power in Oklahoma in 1948?

answer: Republican

text: Republican

question: When did registered Republicans become a majority in Oklahoma?

answer: 2015

question: What is the one election since 1952 where a Republican presidential candidate didn't win in Oklahoma?

answer: 1964

question: Oklahoma was the only state where which presidential candidate won no counties twice?

answer: Barack Obama

text: Barack Obama

question: Who was the last Democratic presidential candidate to win any counties in Oklahoma?

answer: Al Gore

text: Al Gore


text: The Saharan cheetah (northwest African cheetah) lives in Algeria, Togo, Niger, Mali, Benin, and Burkina Faso. There remain fewer than 250 mature cheetahs, which are very cautious, fleeing any human presence. The cheetah avoids the sun from April to October, seeking the shelter of shrubs such as balanites and acacias. They are unusually pale. The other cheetah subspecies (northeast African cheetah) lives in Chad, Sudan and the eastern region of Niger. However, it is currently extinct in the wild of Egypt and Libya. They are approximately 2,000 mature individuals left in the wild.

title: Sahara

title: Sahara

text: The

text: Saharan

text: cheetah

text: northwest

text: African

text: cheetah

text: lives

text: in

text: Algeria

text: Togo

text: Niger

text: Mali

text: Benin

text: and

text: Burkina

text: Faso

text: There

text: remain

text: fewer

text: than

text: mature

text: cheetahs

text: which

text: are

text: very

text: cautious

text: fleeing

text: any

text: human

text: presence

text: The

text: cheetah

text: avoids

text: the

text: sun

text: from

text: April

text: to

text: October

text: seeking

text: the

text: shelter

text: of

text: shrubs

text: such

text: as

text: balanites

text: and

text: acacias

text: They

text: are

text: unusually

text: pale

text: The

text: other

text: cheetah

text: subspecies

text: northeast

text: African

text: cheetah

text: lives

text: in

text: Chad

text: Sudan

text: and

text: the

text: eastern

text: region

text: of

text: Niger

text: However

text: it

text: is

text: currently

text: extinct

text: in

text: the

text: wild

text: of

text: Egypt

text: and

text: Libya

text: They

text: are

text: approximately

text: mature

text: individuals

text: left

text: in

text: the

text: wild

question: How many cheetahs remain in the Northwest Africa area?

answer: 250

question: What months do the cheetah's avoid the sun?

answer: April to October

text: April to October

question: How many many cheetah's are left in the wild?

answer: 2,000

question: How many immature cheetahs are there?

question: What months are cheetahs most active?

text: April to October

question: How many mature cheetahs are in Chad?

question: What is the coloring of the northeast subspecies of cheetah?

text: unusually pale


text: In a slightly more complex form a sender and a receiver are linked reciprocally. This second attitude of communication, referred to as the constitutive model or constructionist view, focuses on how an individual communicates as the determining factor of the way the message will be interpreted. Communication is viewed as a conduit; a passage in which information travels from one individual to another and this information becomes separate from the communication itself. A particular instance of communication is called a speech act. The sender's personal filters and the receiver's personal filters may vary depending upon different regional traditions, cultures, or gender; which may alter the intended meaning of message contents. In the presence of "communication noise" on the transmission channel (air, in this case), reception and decoding of content may be faulty, and thus the speech act may not achieve the desired effect. One problem with this encode-transmit-receive-decode model is that the processes of encoding and decoding imply that the sender and receiver each possess something that functions as a codebook, and that these two code books are, at the very least, similar if not identical. Although something like code books is implied by the model, they are nowhere represented in the model, which creates many conceptual difficulties.

title: Communication

title: Communication

text: In

text: a

text: slightly

text: more

text: complex

text: form

text: a

text: sender

text: and

text: a

text: receiver

text: are

text: linked

text: reciprocally

text: This

text: second

text: attitude

text: of

text: communication

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: constitutive

text: model

text: or

text: constructionist

text: view

text: focuses

text: on

text: how

text: an

text: individual

text: communicates

text: as

text: the

text: determining

text: factor

text: of

text: the

text: way

text: the

text: message

text: will

text: be

text: interpreted

text: Communication

text: is

text: viewed

text: as

text: a

text: conduit

text: a

text: passage

text: in

text: which

text: information

text: travels

text: from

text: one

text: individual

text: to

text: another

text: and

text: this

text: information

text: becomes

text: separate

text: from

text: the

text: communication

text: itself

text: A

text: particular

text: instance

text: of

text: communication

text: is

text: called

text: a

text: speech

text: act

text: The

text: sender

text: 's

text: personal

text: filters

text: and

text: the

text: receiver

text: 's

text: personal

text: filters

text: may

text: vary

text: depending

text: upon

text: different

text: regional

text: traditions

text: cultures

text: or

text: gender

text: which

text: may

text: alter

text: the

text: intended

text: meaning

text: of

text: message

text: contents

text: In

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: communication

text: noise

text: on

text: the

text: transmission

text: channel

text: air

text: in

text: this

text: case

text: reception

text: and

text: decoding

text: of

text: content

text: may

text: be

text: faulty

text: and

text: thus

text: the

text: speech

text: act

text: may

text: not

text: achieve

text: the

text: desired

text: effect

text: One

text: problem

text: with

text: this

text: encode

text: transmit

text: receive

text: decode

text: model

text: is

text: that

text: the

text: processes

text: of

text: encoding

text: and

text: decoding

text: imply

text: that

text: the

text: sender

text: and

text: receiver

text: each

text: possess

text: something

text: that

text: functions

text: as

text: a

text: codebook

text: and

text: that

text: these

text: two

text: code

text: books

text: are

text: at

text: the

text: very

text: least

text: similar

text: if

text: not

text: identical

text: Although

text: something

text: like

text: code

text: books

text: is

text: implied

text: by

text: the

text: model

text: they

text: are

text: nowhere

text: represented

text: in

text: the

text: model

text: which

text: creates

text: many

text: conceptual

text: difficulties

question: How are the sender and receiver connected in a slightly more complex form of communication model?

answer: reciprocally

text: reciprocally

question: What is the model of communication in which the sender and receiver are connected reciprocally called?

answer: constitutive model or constructionist view

text: constitutive model or constructionist view

question: What is communication viewed as?

answer: a conduit

text: a conduit

question: What is something that may alter the intended meaning of a message?

answer: different regional traditions

text: different regional traditions

question: What is something that may cause the reception and decoding of the content of a message to be faulty?

answer: communication noise

text: communication noise

question: Code books are represented in what?

text: the model

question: The first attitude of communication is referred to as what?

question: Occasionally instances of communication are called what?

text: a speech act

question: A sender or receiver's what never varies regardless of culture or gender?

text: personal filters

question: A person's age may change a sender or receiver's what?

text: personal filters


text: The German states proclaimed their union as the German Empire under the Prussian king, Wilhelm I, uniting Germany as a nation-state. The Treaty of Frankfurt of 10 May 1871 gave Germany most of Alsace and some parts of Lorraine, which became the Imperial territory of Alsace-Lorraine (Reichsland Elsaß-Lothringen).The German conquest of France and the unification of Germany upset the European balance of power, that had existed since the Congress of Vienna in 1815 and Otto von Bismarck maintained great authority in international affairs for two decades. French determination to regain Alsace-Lorraine and fear of another Franco-German war, along with British apprehension about the balance of power, became factors in the causes of World War I.

title: Franco-Prussian_War

title: Franco

title: Prussian_War

text: The

text: German

text: states

text: proclaimed

text: their

text: union

text: as

text: the

text: German

text: Empire

text: under

text: the

text: Prussian

text: king

text: Wilhelm

text: I

text: uniting

text: Germany

text: as

text: a

text: nation

text: state

text: The

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Frankfurt

text: of

text: May

text: gave

text: Germany

text: most

text: of

text: Alsace

text: and

text: some

text: parts

text: of

text: Lorraine

text: which

text: became

text: the

text: Imperial

text: territory

text: of

text: Alsace

text: Lorraine

text: Reichsland

text: Elsaß

text: Lothringen).The

text: German

text: conquest

text: of

text: France

text: and

text: the

text: unification

text: of

text: Germany

text: upset

text: the

text: European

text: balance

text: of

text: power

text: that

text: had

text: existed

text: since

text: the

text: Congress

text: of

text: Vienna

text: in

text: and

text: Otto

text: von

text: Bismarck

text: maintained

text: great

text: authority

text: in

text: international

text: affairs

text: for

text: two

text: decades

text: French

text: determination

text: to

text: regain

text: Alsace

text: Lorraine

text: and

text: fear

text: of

text: another

text: Franco

text: German

text: war

text: along

text: with

text: British

text: apprehension

text: about

text: the

text: balance

text: of

text: power

text: became

text: factors

text: in

text: the

text: causes

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: I.

question: Under what Prussian king did the German empire unite as a nation-state?

answer: Wilhelm I

text: Wilhelm I

question: What was the date of the Treaty of Frankfurt?

answer: 10 May 1871

text: 10 May 1871

question: The Treaty of Frankfurt gave Germany which Imperial territory?

answer: Alsace-Lorraine

text: Alsace-Lorraine

question: Following the unification of Germany, who maintained great authority in international affairs for two decades?

answer: Otto von Bismarck

text: Otto von Bismarck

question: Which specific fear was a factor in causing World War I?

answer: another Franco-German war

text: another Franco-German war


text: Following similar conflicts over modernism, the Southern Baptist Convention adhered to conservative theology as its official position. Two new Baptist groups were formed by moderate Southern Baptists who disagreed with the direction in which the Southern Baptist Convention was heading: the Alliance of Baptists in 1987 and the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship in 1991. Members of both groups originally identified as Southern Baptist, but over time the groups "became permanent new families of Baptists."

title: Baptists

title: Baptists

text: Following

text: similar

text: conflicts

text: over

text: modernism

text: the

text: Southern

text: Baptist

text: Convention

text: adhered

text: to

text: conservative

text: theology

text: as

text: its

text: official

text: position

text: Two

text: new

text: Baptist

text: groups

text: were

text: formed

text: by

text: moderate

text: Southern

text: Baptists

text: who

text: disagreed

text: with

text: the

text: direction

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: Southern

text: Baptist

text: Convention

text: was

text: heading

text: the

text: Alliance

text: of

text: Baptists

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: Cooperative

text: Baptist

text: Fellowship

text: in

text: Members

text: of

text: both

text: groups

text: originally

text: identified

text: as

text: Southern

text: Baptist

text: but

text: over

text: time

text: the

text: groups

text: became

text: permanent

text: new

text: families

text: of

text: Baptists

question: The Southern Baptist Convention adhered to what as its official position?

answer: conservative theology

text: conservative theology

question: What groups were formed by moderate Southern Baptists?

answer: the Alliance of Baptists in 1987 and the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship in 1991

text: the Alliance of Baptists in 1987 and the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship in 1991

question: When was the Alliance of Baptists formed?

answer: 1987

question: When was the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship formed?

answer: 1991

question: Conservative theology was the official position of what?

answer: Southern Baptist Convention

text: Southern Baptist Convention

question: The Southern Baptist Convention never adhered to what as its official position?

text: conservative theology

question: When did the Alliance of Baptists end?

question: When was the Cooperative Baptist Fellowship destroyed?

question: Conservative theology was never the official position of what?

text: Southern Baptist Convention

question: Which Baptist group embraced modernism?

text: Southern Baptist Convention