text: Alongside Barre, the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) that assumed power after President Sharmarke's assassination was led by Lieutenant Colonel Salaad Gabeyre Kediye and Chief of Police Jama Korshel. The SRC subsequently renamed the country the Somali Democratic Republic, dissolved the parliament and the Supreme Court, and suspended the constitution.

title: Somalis

title: Somalis

text: Alongside

text: Barre

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Revolutionary

text: Council

text: SRC

text: that

text: assumed

text: power

text: after

text: President

text: Sharmarke

text: 's

text: assassination

text: was

text: led

text: by

text: Lieutenant

text: Colonel

text: Salaad

text: Gabeyre

text: Kediye

text: and

text: Chief

text: of

text: Police

text: Jama

text: Korshel

text: The

text: SRC

text: subsequently

text: renamed

text: the

text: country

text: the

text: Somali

text: Democratic

text: Republic

text: dissolved

text: the

text: parliament

text: and

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: and

text: suspended

text: the

text: constitution

question: Along with Jama Korshel, who led the Supreme Revolutionary Council?

answer: Salaad Gabeyre Kediye

text: Salaad Gabeyre Kediye

question: What was Jama Korshel's title?

answer: Chief of Police

text: Chief of Police

question: What was the military rank of Salaad Gabeyre Kediye?

answer: Lieutenant Colonel

text: Lieutenant Colonel

question: What name did the Supreme Revolutionary Council give to Somalia?

answer: the Somali Democratic Republic

text: the Somali Democratic Republic

question: Along with dissolving the Supreme Court and parliament, what action did the Supreme Revolutionary Council take?

answer: suspended the constitution

text: suspended the constitution


text: Aspirated consonants are not always followed by vowels or other voiced sounds. For example, in Eastern Armenian, aspiration is contrastive even word-finally, and aspirated consonants occur in consonant clusters. In Wahgi, consonants are aspirated only in final position.

title: Aspirated_consonant

title: Aspirated_consonant

text: Aspirated

text: consonants

text: are

text: not

text: always

text: followed

text: by

text: vowels

text: or

text: other

text: voiced

text: sounds

text: For

text: example

text: in

text: Eastern

text: Armenian

text: aspiration

text: is

text: contrastive

text: even

text: word

text: finally

text: and

text: aspirated

text: consonants

text: occur

text: in

text: consonant

text: clusters

text: In

text: Wahgi

text: consonants

text: are

text: aspirated

text: only

text: in

text: final

text: position

question: In Eastern Armenian, aspirated consonants occur in what?

answer: consonant clusters

text: consonant clusters

question: Where are consonants aspirated in just the final position?

answer: Wahgi

text: Wahgi

question: Unaspirated consonants are not always followed by what?

text: vowels or other voiced sounds

question: In what language is unaspiration contrastive?

text: Eastern Armenian

question: In what language are consonants aspirated only in start position?

text: Wahgi

question: What occurs in sound clusters?

text: aspirated consonants

question: What is not always followed by vowels or unvoiced sounds?

text: Aspirated consonants


text: Although unpleasantness is an essential part of the IASP definition of pain, it is possible to induce a state described as intense pain devoid of unpleasantness in some patients, with morphine injection or psychosurgery. Such patients report that they have pain but are not bothered by it; they recognize the sensation of pain but suffer little, or not at all. Indifference to pain can also rarely be present from birth; these people have normal nerves on medical investigations, and find pain unpleasant, but do not avoid repetition of the pain stimulus.

title: Pain

title: Pain

text: Although

text: unpleasantness

text: is

text: an

text: essential

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: IASP

text: definition

text: of

text: pain

text: it

text: is

text: possible

text: to

text: induce

text: a

text: state

text: described

text: as

text: intense

text: pain

text: devoid

text: of

text: unpleasantness

text: in

text: some

text: patients

text: with

text: morphine

text: injection

text: or

text: psychosurgery

text: Such

text: patients

text: report

text: that

text: they

text: have

text: pain

text: but

text: are

text: not

text: bothered

text: by

text: it

text: they

text: recognize

text: the

text: sensation

text: of

text: pain

text: but

text: suffer

text: little

text: or

text: not

text: at

text: all

text: Indifference

text: to

text: pain

text: can

text: also

text: rarely

text: be

text: present

text: from

text: birth

text: these

text: people

text: have

text: normal

text: nerves

text: on

text: medical

text: investigations

text: and

text: find

text: pain

text: unpleasant

text: but

text: do

text: not

text: avoid

text: repetition

text: of

text: the

text: pain

text: stimulus

question: IASP's definition of pain includes what aspect as an essential part?

answer: unpleasantness

text: unpleasantness

question: What is it possible to induce which is, contrary to expectations, devoid of unpleasantness?

answer: a state described as intense pain

text: a state described as intense pain

question: Which type of injection has caused patients to report they have pain but aren't bothered by it?

answer: morphine

text: morphine

question: How much do some patients going through psychosurgery suffer from the sensation of pain?

answer: little, or not at all

text: little, or not at all

question: What perspective towards pain are some people with perfectly normal nerves born with?

answer: Indifference

text: Indifference

question: What is an essential part of the AISP definition of pain?

text: unpleasantness

question: What is the result of psychosurgery injection?

text: intense pain devoid of unpleasantness

question: What is present from birth?

text: Indifference to pain


text: In southwestern Germany, territorial revision seemed to be a top priority since the border between the French and American occupation zones was set along the Autobahn Karlsruhe-Stuttgart-Ulm (today the A8). Article 118 stated "The division of the territory comprising Baden, Württemberg-Baden and Württemberg-Hohenzollern into Länder may be revised, without regard to the provisions of Article 29, by agreement between the Länder concerned. If no agreement is reached, the revision shall be effected by a federal law, which shall provide for an advisory referendum." Since no agreement was reached, a referendum was held on 9 December 1951 in four different voting districts, three of which approved the merger (South Baden refused but was overruled as the result of total votes was decisive). On 25 April 1952, the three former states merged to form Baden-Württemberg.

title: States_of_Germany

title: States_of_Germany

text: In

text: southwestern

text: Germany

text: territorial

text: revision

text: seemed

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: top

text: priority

text: since

text: the

text: border

text: between

text: the

text: French

text: and

text: American

text: occupation

text: zones

text: was

text: set

text: along

text: the

text: Autobahn

text: Karlsruhe

text: Stuttgart

text: Ulm

text: today

text: the

text: Article

text: stated

text: The

text: division

text: of

text: the

text: territory

text: comprising

text: Baden

text: Württemberg

text: Baden

text: and

text: Württemberg

text: Hohenzollern

text: into

text: Länder

text: may

text: be

text: revised

text: without

text: regard

text: to

text: the

text: provisions

text: of

text: Article

text: by

text: agreement

text: between

text: the

text: Länder

text: concerned

text: If

text: no

text: agreement

text: is

text: reached

text: the

text: revision

text: shall

text: be

text: effected

text: by

text: a

text: federal

text: law

text: which

text: shall

text: provide

text: for

text: an

text: advisory

text: referendum

text: Since

text: no

text: agreement

text: was

text: reached

text: a

text: referendum

text: was

text: held

text: on

text: December

text: in

text: four

text: different

text: voting

text: districts

text: three

text: of

text: which

text: approved

text: the

text: merger

text: South

text: Baden

text: refused

text: but

text: was

text: overruled

text: as

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: total

text: votes

text: was

text: decisive

text: On

text: April

text: the

text: three

text: former

text: states

text: merged

text: to

text: form

text: Baden

text: Württemberg

question: What was territorial revision considered in southeastern Germany?

text: a top priority

question: What road is the border between the French and American zones?

text: Autobahn

question: Which article did not allow the division of territory comprising Baden?

text: Article 118

question: What goes into effect if an agreement under article 29 is reached?

text: federal law

question: Which state did not agree, so was not included in the December 1951 referendum?

text: South Baden


text: The SI unit of illuminance and luminous emittance, being the luminous power per area, is measured in Lux. It is used in photometry as a measure of the intensity, as perceived by the human eye, of light that hits or passes through a surface. It is analogous to the radiometric unit watts per square metre, but with the power at each wavelength weighted according to the luminosity function, a standardized model of human visual brightness perception. In English, "lux" is used in both singular and plural.

title: Lighting

title: Lighting

text: The

text: SI

text: unit

text: of

text: illuminance

text: and

text: luminous

text: emittance

text: being

text: the

text: luminous

text: power

text: per

text: area

text: is

text: measured

text: in

text: Lux

text: It

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: photometry

text: as

text: a

text: measure

text: of

text: the

text: intensity

text: as

text: perceived

text: by

text: the

text: human

text: eye

text: of

text: light

text: that

text: hits

text: or

text: passes

text: through

text: a

text: surface

text: It

text: is

text: analogous

text: to

text: the

text: radiometric

text: unit

text: watts

text: per

text: square

text: metre

text: but

text: with

text: the

text: power

text: at

text: each

text: wavelength

text: weighted

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: luminosity

text: function

text: a

text: standardized

text: model

text: of

text: human

text: visual

text: brightness

text: perception

text: In

text: English

text: lux

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: both

text: singular

text: and

text: plural

question: What is a standardized model of human visual brightness?

answer: luminosity function

text: luminosity function

question: What is the SI unit of illuminace and luminous emittance?

answer: Lux

text: Lux


text: After a long period of rumour and consultation, the British government announced plans to construct an airport in Saint Helena in March 2005. The airport was expected to be completed by 2010. However an approved bidder, the Italian firm Impregilo, was not chosen until 2008, and then the project was put on hold in November 2008, allegedly due to new financial pressures brought on by the Financial crisis of 2007–2010. By January 2009, construction had not commenced and no final contracts had been signed. Governor Andrew Gurr departed for London in an attempt to speed up the process and solve the problems.

title: Saint_Helena

title: Saint_Helena

text: After

text: a

text: long

text: period

text: of

text: rumour

text: and

text: consultation

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: announced

text: plans

text: to

text: construct

text: an

text: airport

text: in

text: Saint

text: Helena

text: in

text: March

text: The

text: airport

text: was

text: expected

text: to

text: be

text: completed

text: by

text: However

text: an

text: approved

text: bidder

text: the

text: Italian

text: firm

text: Impregilo

text: was

text: not

text: chosen

text: until

text: and

text: then

text: the

text: project

text: was

text: put

text: on

text: hold

text: in

text: November

text: allegedly

text: due

text: to

text: new

text: financial

text: pressures

text: brought

text: on

text: by

text: the

text: Financial

text: crisis

text: of

text: By

text: January

text: construction

text: had

text: not

text: commenced

text: and

text: no

text: final

text: contracts

text: had

text: been

text: signed

text: Governor

text: Andrew

text: Gurr

text: departed

text: for

text: London

text: in

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: speed

text: up

text: the

text: process

text: and

text: solve

text: the

text: problems

question: When was the construction of an airport in Saint Helena announced?

answer: March 2005

text: March 2005

question: The airport was expected to be completed by what year?

answer: 2010

question: Who was the approved bidder for the airport?

answer: Impregilo

text: Impregilo

question: Which governor departed to London to try to speed up the construction of the airport?

answer: Andrew Gurr

text: Andrew Gurr


text: In contrast, Joseph Smith, the founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, taught: "There is no such thing as immaterial matter. All spirit is matter, but it is more fine or pure, and can only be discerned by purer eyes; We cannot see it; but when our bodies are purified we shall see that it is all matter." This spirit element has always existed; it is co-eternal with God. It is also called "intelligence" or "the light of truth", which like all observable matter "was not created or made, neither indeed can be". Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints view the revelations of Joseph Smith as a restoration of original Christian doctrine, which they believe post-apostolic theologians began to corrupt in the centuries after Christ. The writings of many[quantify] of these theologians indicate a clear influence of Greek metaphysical philosophies such as Neoplatonism, which characterized divinity as an utterly simple, immaterial, formless, substance/essence (ousia) that transcended all that was physical. Despite strong opposition from many Christians, this metaphysical depiction of God eventually became incorporated into the doctrine of the Christian church, displacing the original Judeo-Christian concept of a physical, corporeal God who created humans in His image and likeness.

title: Materialism

title: Materialism

text: In

text: contrast

text: Joseph

text: Smith

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: Latter

text: Day

text: Saint

text: movement

text: taught

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: such

text: thing

text: as

text: immaterial

text: matter

text: All

text: spirit

text: is

text: matter

text: but

text: it

text: is

text: more

text: fine

text: or

text: pure

text: and

text: can

text: only

text: be

text: discerned

text: by

text: purer

text: eyes

text: We

text: can

text: not

text: see

text: it

text: but

text: when

text: our

text: bodies

text: are

text: purified

text: we

text: shall

text: see

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: all

text: matter

text: This

text: spirit

text: element

text: has

text: always

text: existed

text: it

text: is

text: co

text: eternal

text: with

text: God

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: called

text: intelligence

text: or

text: the

text: light

text: of

text: truth

text: which

text: like

text: all

text: observable

text: matter

text: was

text: not

text: created

text: or

text: made

text: neither

text: indeed

text: can

text: be

text: Members

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: of

text: Latter

text: day

text: Saints

text: view

text: the

text: revelations

text: of

text: Joseph

text: Smith

text: as

text: a

text: restoration

text: of

text: original

text: Christian

text: doctrine

text: which

text: they

text: believe

text: post

text: apostolic

text: theologians

text: began

text: to

text: corrupt

text: in

text: the

text: centuries

text: after

text: Christ

text: The

text: writings

text: of

text: many[quantify

text: of

text: these

text: theologians

text: indicate

text: a

text: clear

text: influence

text: of

text: Greek

text: metaphysical

text: philosophies

text: such

text: as

text: Neoplatonism

text: which

text: characterized

text: divinity

text: as

text: an

text: utterly

text: simple

text: immaterial

text: formless

text: substance

text: essence

text: ousia

text: that

text: transcended

text: all

text: that

text: was

text: physical

text: Despite

text: strong

text: opposition

text: from

text: many

text: Christians

text: this

text: metaphysical

text: depiction

text: of

text: God

text: eventually

text: became

text: incorporated

text: into

text: the

text: doctrine

text: of

text: the

text: Christian

text: church

text: displacing

text: the

text: original

text: Judeo

text: Christian

text: concept

text: of

text: a

text: physical

text: corporeal

text: God

text: who

text: created

text: humans

text: in

text: His

text: image

text: and

text: likeness

question: Neoplatonism describes divinity as what?

answer: simple, immaterial, formless, substance/essence (ousia) that transcended all that was physical

text: simple, immaterial, formless, substance/essence (ousia) that transcended all that was physical

question: Which religious group strongly opposed the idea of Neoplatonism?

answer: Christians

text: Christians

question: Who said: "There is such thing as immaterial matter. "

text: Joseph Smith

question: What movement believes "There is such thing as immaterial matter. "

text: Latter Day Saint

question: Who said: " We can see it; but when our bodies are purified we shall see that it is all matter."

text: All spirit is matter

question: Who said: "All spirit is not matter"

text: Joseph Smith

question: Who believed the spirit is also called intelligence?

text: Joseph Smith


text: In 2007, two FAA whistleblowers, inspectors Charalambe "Bobby" Boutris and Douglas E. Peters, alleged that Boutris said he attempted to ground Southwest after finding cracks in the fuselage, but was prevented by supervisors he said were friendly with the airline. This was validated by a report by the Department of Transportation which found FAA managers had allowed Southwest Airlines to fly 46 airplanes in 2006 and 2007 that were overdue for safety inspections, ignoring concerns raised by inspectors. Audits of other airlines resulted in two airlines grounding hundreds of planes, causing thousands of flight cancellations. The House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee held hearings in April 2008. Jim Oberstar, former chairman of the committee said its investigation uncovered a pattern of regulatory abuse and widespread regulatory lapses, allowing 117 aircraft to be operated commercially although not in compliance with FAA safety rules. Oberstar said there was a "culture of coziness" between senior FAA officials and the airlines and "a systematic breakdown" in the FAA's culture that resulted in "malfeasance, bordering on corruption." In 2008 the FAA proposed to fine Southwest $10.2 million for failing to inspect older planes for cracks, and in 2009 Southwest and the FAA agreed that Southwest would pay a $7.5 million penalty and would adopt new safety procedures, with the fine doubling if Southwest failed to follow through.

title: Federal_Aviation_Administration

title: Federal_Aviation_Administration

text: In

text: two

text: FAA

text: whistleblowers

text: inspectors

text: Charalambe

text: Bobby

text: Boutris

text: and

text: Douglas

text: E.

text: Peters

text: alleged

text: that

text: Boutris

text: said

text: he

text: attempted

text: to

text: ground

text: Southwest

text: after

text: finding

text: cracks

text: in

text: the

text: fuselage

text: but

text: was

text: prevented

text: by

text: supervisors

text: he

text: said

text: were

text: friendly

text: with

text: the

text: airline

text: This

text: was

text: validated

text: by

text: a

text: report

text: by

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: Transportation

text: which

text: found

text: FAA

text: managers

text: had

text: allowed

text: Southwest

text: Airlines

text: to

text: fly

text: airplanes

text: in

text: and

text: that

text: were

text: overdue

text: for

text: safety

text: inspections

text: ignoring

text: concerns

text: raised

text: by

text: inspectors

text: Audits

text: of

text: other

text: airlines

text: resulted

text: in

text: two

text: airlines

text: grounding

text: hundreds

text: of

text: planes

text: causing

text: thousands

text: of

text: flight

text: cancellations

text: The

text: House

text: Transportation

text: and

text: Infrastructure

text: Committee

text: held

text: hearings

text: in

text: April

text: Jim

text: Oberstar

text: former

text: chairman

text: of

text: the

text: committee

text: said

text: its

text: investigation

text: uncovered

text: a

text: pattern

text: of

text: regulatory

text: abuse

text: and

text: widespread

text: regulatory

text: lapses

text: allowing

text: aircraft

text: to

text: be

text: operated

text: commercially

text: although

text: not

text: in

text: compliance

text: with

text: FAA

text: safety

text: rules

text: Oberstar

text: said

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: culture

text: of

text: coziness

text: between

text: senior

text: FAA

text: officials

text: and

text: the

text: airlines

text: and

text: a

text: systematic

text: breakdown

text: in

text: the

text: FAA

text: 's

text: culture

text: that

text: resulted

text: in

text: malfeasance

text: bordering

text: on

text: corruption

text: In

text: the

text: FAA

text: proposed

text: to

text: fine

text: Southwest

text: million

text: for

text: failing

text: to

text: inspect

text: older

text: planes

text: for

text: cracks

text: and

text: in

text: Southwest

text: and

text: the

text: FAA

text: agreed

text: that

text: Southwest

text: would

text: pay

text: a

text: million

text: penalty

text: and

text: would

text: adopt

text: new

text: safety

text: procedures

text: with

text: the

text: fine

text: doubling

text: if

text: Southwest

text: failed

text: to

text: follow

text: through

question: When did two whisleblowers allege that Boutris  attempted to ground Southwest Airlines?

answer: 2007

question: How many planes did the FAA managers allow to fly in 2006 and 2007 that were overdue for safety inspections?

answer: 46

question: How much did the FAA propose to fine Southwest for failing to inspect older planes?

answer: $10.2 million

text: $10.2 million

question: What former chairman of the committee said it's investigation uncovered a pattern of regulatory abuse?

answer: Jim Oberstar

text: Jim Oberstar

question: How many planes were allowed to be operated commercially although not in compliance with FAA safety regulations?

answer: 117

question: Why did Boutris say Peters attempted to ground Southwest?

text: cracks in the fuselage

question: How many aircrafts were operated commercially that were in compliance with FAA safety rules?

question: How much did Southwest pay in penalties for not adopting new safety procedures?

text: $7.5 million

question: How many other airlines were audited?

text: two


text: Politically, Orthodox Jews, given their variety of movements and affiliations, tend not to conform easily to the standard left-right political spectrum, with one of the key differences between the movements stemming from the groups' attitudes to Zionism. Generally speaking, of the three key strands of Orthodox Judaism, Haredi Orthodox and Hasidic Orthodox Jews are at best ambivalent towards the ideology of Zionism and the creation of the State of Israel, and there are many groups and organisations who are outspokenly anti-Zionistic, seeing the ideology of Zionism as diametrically opposed to the teaching of the Torah, and the Zionist administration of the State of Israel, with its emphasis on militarism and nationalism, as destructive of the Judaic way of life.

title: Orthodox_Judaism

title: Orthodox_Judaism

text: Politically

text: Orthodox

text: Jews

text: given

text: their

text: variety

text: of

text: movements

text: and

text: affiliations

text: tend

text: not

text: to

text: conform

text: easily

text: to

text: the

text: standard

text: left

text: right

text: political

text: spectrum

text: with

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: key

text: differences

text: between

text: the

text: movements

text: stemming

text: from

text: the

text: groups

text: attitudes

text: to

text: Zionism

text: Generally

text: speaking

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: key

text: strands

text: of

text: Orthodox

text: Judaism

text: Haredi

text: Orthodox

text: and

text: Hasidic

text: Orthodox

text: Jews

text: are

text: at

text: best

text: ambivalent

text: towards

text: the

text: ideology

text: of

text: Zionism

text: and

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Israel

text: and

text: there

text: are

text: many

text: groups

text: and

text: organisations

text: who

text: are

text: outspokenly

text: anti

text: Zionistic

text: seeing

text: the

text: ideology

text: of

text: Zionism

text: as

text: diametrically

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: teaching

text: of

text: the

text: Torah

text: and

text: the

text: Zionist

text: administration

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Israel

text: with

text: its

text: emphasis

text: on

text: militarism

text: and

text: nationalism

text: as

text: destructive

text: of

text: the

text: Judaic

text: way

text: of

text: life

question: What do orthodox Jews express ambivalence towards?

answer: Zionism

text: Zionism

question: What is the administration of the state of Isreal seen as?

answer: Zionist

text: Zionist

question: What does the State of Isreal place emphasis on besides Militarism?

answer: nationalism

text: nationalism

question: What does the State of Isreal place emphasis on in addition to Nationalism?

answer: militarism

text: militarism

question: what is the Zionist administrartion of the state of Israel seen as according to the judaic way of life?

answer: destructive

text: destructive

question: Who is not ambivalent toward Zionism?

text: Orthodox Jews

question: Which groups of Orthodox Jews are outspokenly pro-Zionistic?

question: What ideology do many Orthodox Jews see as in support of the Torah?

text: Zionism

question: What do Orthodox Jews see as a benefit to the Judaic way of life?

text: militarism and nationalism

question: Who is in charge of the Zionist administration?

text: State of Israel


text: Many rodents such as voles live underground. Marmots live almost exclusively above the tree line as high as 2,700 m (8,858 ft). They hibernate in large groups to provide warmth, and can be found in all areas of the Alps, in large colonies they build beneath the alpine pastures. Golden eagles and bearded vultures are the largest birds to be found in the Alps; they nest high on rocky ledges and can be found at altitudes of 2,400 m (7,874 ft). The most common bird is the alpine chough which can be found scavenging at climber's huts or at the Jungfraujoch, a high altitude tourist destination.

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: Many

text: rodents

text: such

text: as

text: voles

text: live

text: underground

text: Marmots

text: live

text: almost

text: exclusively

text: above

text: the

text: tree

text: line

text: as

text: high

text: as

text: m

text: ft

text: They

text: hibernate

text: in

text: large

text: groups

text: to

text: provide

text: warmth

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: all

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: Alps

text: in

text: large

text: colonies

text: they

text: build

text: beneath

text: the

text: alpine

text: pastures

text: Golden

text: eagles

text: and

text: bearded

text: vultures

text: are

text: the

text: largest

text: birds

text: to

text: be

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: Alps

text: they

text: nest

text: high

text: on

text: rocky

text: ledges

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: at

text: altitudes

text: of

text: m

text: ft

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: bird

text: is

text: the

text: alpine

text: chough

text: which

text: can

text: be

text: found

text: scavenging

text: at

text: climber

text: 's

text: huts

text: or

text: at

text: the

text: Jungfraujoch

text: a

text: high

text: altitude

text: tourist

text: destination

question: Where do many rodents live?

answer: underground

text: underground

question: Where do Marmots live?

answer: almost exclusively above the tree line as high as 2,700 m (8,858 ft)

text: almost exclusively above the tree line as high as 2,700 m (8,858 ft)

question: Where do marmots build their colonies?

answer: beneath the alpine pastures

text: beneath the alpine pastures

question: What is the most common bird found in the Alps?

answer: the alpine chough

text: the alpine chough


text: As of 2006, the iPod was produced by about 14,000 workers in the U.S. and 27,000 overseas. Further, the salaries attributed to this product were overwhelmingly distributed to highly skilled U.S. professionals, as opposed to lower skilled U.S. retail employees or overseas manufacturing labor. One interpretation of this result is that U.S. innovation can create more jobs overseas than domestically.

title: IPod

title: IPod

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: iPod

text: was

text: produced

text: by

text: about

text: workers

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: and

text: overseas

text: Further

text: the

text: salaries

text: attributed

text: to

text: this

text: product

text: were

text: overwhelmingly

text: distributed

text: to

text: highly

text: skilled

text: U.S.

text: professionals

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: lower

text: skilled

text: U.S.

text: retail

text: employees

text: or

text: overseas

text: manufacturing

text: labor

text: One

text: interpretation

text: of

text: this

text: result

text: is

text: that

text: U.S.

text: innovation

text: can

text: create

text: more

text: jobs

text: overseas

text: than

text: domestically

question: What attribute of the United States could be thought to lead more international and less domestic employment opportunities?

answer: innovation

text: innovation


text: Catalan bears varying degrees of similarity to the linguistic varieties subsumed under the cover term Occitan language (see also differences between Occitan and Catalan and Gallo-Romance languages). Thus, as it should be expected from closely related languages, Catalan today shares many traits with other Romance languages.

title: Catalan_language

title: Catalan_language

text: Catalan

text: bears

text: varying

text: degrees

text: of

text: similarity

text: to

text: the

text: linguistic

text: varieties

text: subsumed

text: under

text: the

text: cover

text: term

text: Occitan

text: language

text: see

text: also

text: differences

text: between

text: Occitan

text: and

text: Catalan

text: and

text: Gallo

text: Romance

text: languages

text: Thus

text: as

text: it

text: should

text: be

text: expected

text: from

text: closely

text: related

text: languages

text: Catalan

text: today

text: shares

text: many

text: traits

text: with

text: other

text: Romance

text: languages

question: What is Catalan a variety of?

answer: Occitan language

text: Occitan language

question: What are the degrees of similarity with Occitan and Gallo-Romance languages?

answer: varying degrees

text: varying degrees

question: What are there besides degrees of similarity with Occitan?

answer: differences

text: differences

question: What does Catalan share with other Romance languages?

answer: many traits

text: many traits

question: Why does Catalan share many traits with other Romance languages?

answer: closely related

text: closely related


text: The biographical tradition asserts that Virgil began the hexameter Eclogues (or Bucolics) in 42 BC and it is thought that the collection was published around 39–38 BC, although this is controversial. The Eclogues (from the Greek for "selections") are a group of ten poems roughly modeled on the bucolic hexameter poetry ("pastoral poetry") of the Hellenistic poet Theocritus. After his victory in the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC, fought against the army led by the assassins of Julius Caesar, Octavian tried to pay off his veterans with land expropriated from towns in northern Italy, supposedly including, according to the tradition, an estate near Mantua belonging to Virgil. The loss of his family farm and the attempt through poetic petitions to regain his property have traditionally been seen as Virgil's motives in the composition of the Eclogues. This is now thought to be an unsupported inference from interpretations of the Eclogues. In Eclogues 1 and 9, Virgil indeed dramatizes the contrasting feelings caused by the brutality of the land expropriations through pastoral idiom, but offers no indisputable evidence of the supposed biographic incident. While some readers have identified the poet himself with various characters and their vicissitudes, whether gratitude by an old rustic to a new god (Ecl. 1), frustrated love by a rustic singer for a distant boy (his master's pet, Ecl. 2), or a master singer's claim to have composed several eclogues (Ecl. 5), modern scholars largely reject such efforts to garner biographical details from works of fiction, preferring to interpret an author's characters and themes as illustrations of contemporary life and thought. The ten Eclogues present traditional pastoral themes with a fresh perspective. Eclogues 1 and 9 address the land confiscations and their effects on the Italian countryside. 2 and 3 are pastoral and erotic, discussing both homosexual love (Ecl. 2) and attraction toward people of any gender (Ecl. 3). Eclogue 4, addressed to Asinius Pollio, the so-called "Messianic Eclogue" uses the imagery of the golden age in connection with the birth of a child (who the child was meant to be has been subject to debate). 5 and 8 describe the myth of Daphnis in a song contest, 6, the cosmic and mythological song of Silenus; 7, a heated poetic contest, and 10 the sufferings of the contemporary elegiac poet Cornelius Gallus. Virgil is credited[by whom?] in the Eclogues with establishing Arcadia as a poetic ideal that still resonates in Western literature and visual arts and setting the stage for the development of Latin pastoral by Calpurnius Siculus, Nemesianus, and later writers.

title: Virgil

title: Virgil

text: The

text: biographical

text: tradition

text: asserts

text: that

text: Virgil

text: began

text: the

text: hexameter

text: Eclogues

text: or

text: Bucolics

text: in

text: BC

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: thought

text: that

text: the

text: collection

text: was

text: published

text: around

text: BC

text: although

text: this

text: is

text: controversial

text: The

text: Eclogues

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: for

text: selections

text: are

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: ten

text: poems

text: roughly

text: modeled

text: on

text: the

text: bucolic

text: hexameter

text: poetry

text: pastoral

text: poetry

text: of

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: poet

text: Theocritus

text: After

text: his

text: victory

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Philippi

text: in

text: BC

text: fought

text: against

text: the

text: army

text: led

text: by

text: the

text: assassins

text: of

text: Julius

text: Caesar

text: Octavian

text: tried

text: to

text: pay

text: off

text: his

text: veterans

text: with

text: land

text: expropriated

text: from

text: towns

text: in

text: northern

text: Italy

text: supposedly

text: including

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: tradition

text: an

text: estate

text: near

text: Mantua

text: belonging

text: to

text: Virgil

text: The

text: loss

text: of

text: his

text: family

text: farm

text: and

text: the

text: attempt

text: through

text: poetic

text: petitions

text: to

text: regain

text: his

text: property

text: have

text: traditionally

text: been

text: seen

text: as

text: Virgil

text: 's

text: motives

text: in

text: the

text: composition

text: of

text: the

text: Eclogues

text: This

text: is

text: now

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: an

text: unsupported

text: inference

text: from

text: interpretations

text: of

text: the

text: Eclogues

text: In

text: Eclogues

text: and

text: Virgil

text: indeed

text: dramatizes

text: the

text: contrasting

text: feelings

text: caused

text: by

text: the

text: brutality

text: of

text: the

text: land

text: expropriations

text: through

text: pastoral

text: idiom

text: but

text: offers

text: no

text: indisputable

text: evidence

text: of

text: the

text: supposed

text: biographic

text: incident

text: While

text: some

text: readers

text: have

text: identified

text: the

text: poet

text: himself

text: with

text: various

text: characters

text: and

text: their

text: vicissitudes

text: whether

text: gratitude

text: by

text: an

text: old

text: rustic

text: to

text: a

text: new

text: god

text: Ecl

text: frustrated

text: love

text: by

text: a

text: rustic

text: singer

text: for

text: a

text: distant

text: boy

text: his

text: master

text: 's

text: pet

text: Ecl

text: or

text: a

text: master

text: singer

text: 's

text: claim

text: to

text: have

text: composed

text: several

text: eclogues

text: Ecl

text: modern

text: scholars

text: largely

text: reject

text: such

text: efforts

text: to

text: garner

text: biographical

text: details

text: from

text: works

text: of

text: fiction

text: preferring

text: to

text: interpret

text: an

text: author

text: 's

text: characters

text: and

text: themes

text: as

text: illustrations

text: of

text: contemporary

text: life

text: and

text: thought

text: The

text: ten

text: Eclogues

text: present

text: traditional

text: pastoral

text: themes

text: with

text: a

text: fresh

text: perspective

text: Eclogues

text: and

text: address

text: the

text: land

text: confiscations

text: and

text: their

text: effects

text: on

text: the

text: Italian

text: countryside

text: and

text: are

text: pastoral

text: and

text: erotic

text: discussing

text: both

text: homosexual

text: love

text: Ecl

text: and

text: attraction

text: toward

text: people

text: of

text: any

text: gender

text: Ecl

text: Eclogue

text: addressed

text: to

text: Asinius

text: Pollio

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: Messianic

text: Eclogue

text: uses

text: the

text: imagery

text: of

text: the

text: golden

text: age

text: in

text: connection

text: with

text: the

text: birth

text: of

text: a

text: child

text: who

text: the

text: child

text: was

text: meant

text: to

text: be

text: has

text: been

text: subject

text: to

text: debate

text: and

text: describe

text: the

text: myth

text: of

text: Daphnis

text: in

text: a

text: song

text: contest

text: the

text: cosmic

text: and

text: mythological

text: song

text: of

text: Silenus

text: a

text: heated

text: poetic

text: contest

text: and

text: the

text: sufferings

text: of

text: the

text: contemporary

text: elegiac

text: poet

text: Cornelius

text: Gallus

text: Virgil

text: is

text: credited[by

text: whom

text: in

text: the

text: Eclogues

text: with

text: establishing

text: Arcadia

text: as

text: a

text: poetic

text: ideal

text: that

text: still

text: resonates

text: in

text: Western

text: literature

text: and

text: visual

text: arts

text: and

text: setting

text: the

text: stage

text: for

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: Latin

text: pastoral

text: by

text: Calpurnius

text: Siculus

text: Nemesianus

text: and

text: later

text: writers

question: Which Hellenistic poet was known for bucolic hexameter poetry?

answer: Theocritus

text: Theocritus

question: Who tried to pay off veterans with land, some of which possibly belonged to Virgil?

answer: Octavian

text: Octavian

question: Virgil's loss of his famiyl farm and the attempt to regain his property though poetry was the inferred motive for which work?

answer: Eclogues

text: Eclogues

question: To whom was Eclogue 4 addressed to?

answer: Asinius Pollio

text: Asinius Pollio

question: Which Eclogues discusses homosexual love?

answer: Ecl. 2

text: Ecl. 2

question: What language was Virgil's work written in?

text: Greek

question: When did Theocritus publish his last work?

text: 38 BC

question: What theme did Virgil write about the most often?

text: gratitude

question: Where did Octavian live?

text: Italy

question: How many books of poetry did Cornelius Gallus write?


text: Externally, Orthodox Jews can be identified by their manner of dress and family lifestyle. Orthodox women dress modestly by keeping most of their skin covered. Additionally, married women cover their hair, most commonly in the form of a scarf, also in the form of hats, bandanas, berets, snoods or, sometimes, wigs. Orthodox men wear a skullcap known as a kipa and often fringes called "tzitzit". Haredi men often grow beards and always wear black hats and suits, indoors and outdoors. However, Modern Orthodox Jews are commonly indistinguishable in their dress from those around them.

title: Orthodox_Judaism

title: Orthodox_Judaism

text: Externally

text: Orthodox

text: Jews

text: can

text: be

text: identified

text: by

text: their

text: manner

text: of

text: dress

text: and

text: family

text: lifestyle

text: Orthodox

text: women

text: dress

text: modestly

text: by

text: keeping

text: most

text: of

text: their

text: skin

text: covered

text: Additionally

text: married

text: women

text: cover

text: their

text: hair

text: most

text: commonly

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: a

text: scarf

text: also

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: hats

text: bandanas

text: berets

text: snoods

text: or

text: sometimes

text: wigs

text: Orthodox

text: men

text: wear

text: a

text: skullcap

text: known

text: as

text: a

text: kipa

text: and

text: often

text: fringes

text: called

text: tzitzit

text: Haredi

text: men

text: often

text: grow

text: beards

text: and

text: always

text: wear

text: black

text: hats

text: and

text: suits

text: indoors

text: and

text: outdoors

text: However

text: Modern

text: Orthodox

text: Jews

text: are

text: commonly

text: indistinguishable

text: in

text: their

text: dress

text: from

text: those

text: around

text: them

question: How do orthodox women dress mosly?

answer: covered

text: covered

question: what part of their body do married women cover with a scarf?

answer: hair

text: hair

question: What is the Skullcap that orthodox men wear known as?

answer: kipa

text: kipa

question: What are the fringes Orthodox men wear called?

answer: tzitzit

text: tzitzit

question: What type of orthox men often grow beards and always wear black?

answer: Haredi

text: Haredi

question: What do Orthodox Jews keep in common with the society's they live in?

text: manner of dress

question: Who tend to wear clothing that exposes a lot of skin?

text: Orthodox women

question: What do most Jewish women refuse to wear to cover their head?

text: scarf

question: What do Orthodox men refuse to wear on their heads?

text: skullcap

question: What do Orthodox men avoid wearing when they are indoors?

text: hats and suits


text: The first centrally organised police force was created by the government of King Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city of Paris, then the largest city in Europe. The royal edict, registered by the Parlement of Paris on March 15, 1667 created the office of lieutenant général de police ("lieutenant general of police"), who was to be the head of the new Paris police force, and defined the task of the police as "ensuring the peace and quiet of the public and of private individuals, purging the city of what may cause disturbances, procuring abundance, and having each and everyone live according to their station and their duties".

title: Police

title: Police

text: The

text: first

text: centrally

text: organised

text: police

text: force

text: was

text: created

text: by

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: King

text: Louis

text: XIV

text: in

text: to

text: police

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Paris

text: then

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: in

text: Europe

text: The

text: royal

text: edict

text: registered

text: by

text: the

text: Parlement

text: of

text: Paris

text: on

text: March

text: created

text: the

text: office

text: of

text: lieutenant

text: général

text: de

text: police

text: lieutenant

text: general

text: of

text: police

text: who

text: was

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: Paris

text: police

text: force

text: and

text: defined

text: the

text: task

text: of

text: the

text: police

text: as

text: ensuring

text: the

text: peace

text: and

text: quiet

text: of

text: the

text: public

text: and

text: of

text: private

text: individuals

text: purging

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: what

text: may

text: cause

text: disturbances

text: procuring

text: abundance

text: and

text: having

text: each

text: and

text: everyone

text: live

text: according

text: to

text: their

text: station

text: and

text: their

text: duties

question: In what year did Paris get a police force?

answer: 1667

question: Who created Paris's police force?

answer: King Louis XIV

text: King Louis XIV

question: What was the largest European city in 1667?

answer: Paris

text: Paris

question: What was the title of the head of Paris's police, in English?

answer: lieutenant general of police

text: lieutenant general of police

question: What was the title of the head of Paris's police, in French?

answer: lieutenant général de police

text: lieutenant général de police

question: In what year did Paris not get a police force?

question: Who never created Paris's police force?

text: King Louis XIV

question: What was the smallest European city in 1667?

text: Paris

question: What was the largest European city in 1676?

text: Paris

question: What was the title of the bottom of Paris's police, in English?

text: lieutenant general of police


text: There is a debate about how and to what extent different dietary factors— such as intake of processed carbohydrates, total protein, fat, and carbohydrate intake, intake of saturated and trans fatty acids, and low intake of vitamins/minerals—contribute to the development of insulin and leptin resistance. In any case, analogous to the way modern man-made pollution may possess the potential to overwhelm the environment's ability to maintain homeostasis, the recent explosive introduction of high glycemic index and processed foods into the human diet may possess the potential to overwhelm the body's ability to maintain homeostasis and health (as evidenced by the metabolic syndrome epidemic).

title: Nutrition

title: Nutrition

text: There

text: is

text: a

text: debate

text: about

text: how

text: and

text: to

text: what

text: extent

text: different

text: dietary

text: factors—

text: such

text: as

text: intake

text: of

text: processed

text: carbohydrates

text: total

text: protein

text: fat

text: and

text: carbohydrate

text: intake

text: intake

text: of

text: saturated

text: and

text: trans

text: fatty

text: acids

text: and

text: low

text: intake

text: of

text: vitamins

text: minerals

text: contribute

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: insulin

text: and

text: leptin

text: resistance

text: In

text: any

text: case

text: analogous

text: to

text: the

text: way

text: modern

text: man

text: made

text: pollution

text: may

text: possess

text: the

text: potential

text: to

text: overwhelm

text: the

text: environment

text: 's

text: ability

text: to

text: maintain

text: homeostasis

text: the

text: recent

text: explosive

text: introduction

text: of

text: high

text: glycemic

text: index

text: and

text: processed

text: foods

text: into

text: the

text: human

text: diet

text: may

text: possess

text: the

text: potential

text: to

text: overwhelm

text: the

text: body

text: 's

text: ability

text: to

text: maintain

text: homeostasis

text: and

text: health

text: as

text: evidenced

text: by

text: the

text: metabolic

text: syndrome

text: epidemic

question: The debate regarding factors influencing the development of insulin and leptin is not just about how, but also about what other factor?

answer: to what extent

text: to what extent

question: Other than processed foods, what else was recently introduced to the human diet?

answer: high glycemic index

text: high glycemic index

question: What is an example of the body's ability to maintain homeostasis being overwhelmed?

answer: metabolic syndrome epidemic

text: metabolic syndrome epidemic


text: The Czechs' language separated from other Slavic tongues into what would later be called Old Czech by the thirteenth century, a classification extending through the sixteenth century. Its use of cases differed from the modern language; although Old Czech did not yet have a vocative case or an animacy distinction, declension for its six cases and three genders rapidly became complicated (partially to differentiate homophones) and its declension patterns resembled those of Lithuanian (its Balto-Slavic cousin).

title: Czech_language

title: Czech_language

text: The

text: Czechs

text: language

text: separated

text: from

text: other

text: Slavic

text: tongues

text: into

text: what

text: would

text: later

text: be

text: called

text: Old

text: Czech

text: by

text: the

text: thirteenth

text: century

text: a

text: classification

text: extending

text: through

text: the

text: sixteenth

text: century

text: Its

text: use

text: of

text: cases

text: differed

text: from

text: the

text: modern

text: language

text: although

text: Old

text: Czech

text: did

text: not

text: yet

text: have

text: a

text: vocative

text: case

text: or

text: an

text: animacy

text: distinction

text: declension

text: for

text: its

text: six

text: cases

text: and

text: three

text: genders

text: rapidly

text: became

text: complicated

text: partially

text: to

text: differentiate

text: homophones

text: and

text: its

text: declension

text: patterns

text: resembled

text: those

text: of

text: Lithuanian

text: its

text: Balto

text: Slavic

text: cousin

question: By the thirteenth century, what had the Czech language separated from?

answer: other Slavic tongues

text: other Slavic tongues

question: How long was the precursor to Czech classified as Old Czech?

answer: through the sixteenth century

text: through the sixteenth century

question: How did Old Czech's use of cases differ from modern usage?

answer: did not yet have a vocative case or an animacy distinction

text: did not yet have a vocative case or an animacy distinction

question: How many cases did Old Czech have?

answer: six

text: six

question: What other language did Old Czech's declension patterns resemble?

answer: Lithuanian

text: Lithuanian

question: What other languages did Lithuanian separate from?

text: other Slavic tongues

question: What was Lithuanian called by the thirteenth century?

text: Old Czech

question: How many cases did Lithuanian have?

text: six

question: How many genders were used in Lithuanian in the past?

text: three

question: How long was Lithuanian considered Old Czech?

text: through the sixteenth century


text: Sociocultural anthropology draws together the principle axes of cultural anthropology and social anthropology. Cultural anthropology is the comparative study of the manifold ways in which people make sense of the world around them, while social anthropology is the study of the relationships among persons and groups. Cultural anthropology is more related to philosophy, literature and the arts (how one's culture affects experience for self and group, contributing to more complete understanding of the people's knowledge, customs, and institutions), while social anthropology is more related to sociology and history. in that it helps develop understanding of social structures, typically of others and other populations (such as minorities, subgroups, dissidents, etc.). There is no hard-and-fast distinction between them, and these categories overlap to a considerable degree.

title: Anthropology

title: Anthropology

text: Sociocultural

text: anthropology

text: draws

text: together

text: the

text: principle

text: axes

text: of

text: cultural

text: anthropology

text: and

text: social

text: anthropology

text: Cultural

text: anthropology

text: is

text: the

text: comparative

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: manifold

text: ways

text: in

text: which

text: people

text: make

text: sense

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: around

text: them

text: while

text: social

text: anthropology

text: is

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: relationships

text: among

text: persons

text: and

text: groups

text: Cultural

text: anthropology

text: is

text: more

text: related

text: to

text: philosophy

text: literature

text: and

text: the

text: arts

text: how

text: one

text: 's

text: culture

text: affects

text: experience

text: for

text: self

text: and

text: group

text: contributing

text: to

text: more

text: complete

text: understanding

text: of

text: the

text: people

text: 's

text: knowledge

text: customs

text: and

text: institutions

text: while

text: social

text: anthropology

text: is

text: more

text: related

text: to

text: sociology

text: and

text: history

text: in

text: that

text: it

text: helps

text: develop

text: understanding

text: of

text: social

text: structures

text: typically

text: of

text: others

text: and

text: other

text: populations

text: such

text: as

text: minorities

text: subgroups

text: dissidents

text: etc

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: hard

text: and

text: fast

text: distinction

text: between

text: them

text: and

text: these

text: categories

text: overlap

text: to

text: a

text: considerable

text: degree

question: What draws together the axes of cultural and social anthropology?

answer: Sociocultural anthropology

text: Sociocultural anthropology

question: What studies the way people make sense of the world around them?

answer: Cultural anthropology

text: Cultural anthropology

question: Which type of anthropology studies relationships among persons and groups?

answer: social

text: social

question: What does social anthropology help develop an understanding of?

answer: social structures,

text: social structures,

question: What kind of distinction is lacking between social and cultural anthropology?

answer: hard-and-fast

text: hard-and-fast

question: What draws together the aces of Sociocultural anthropology?

question: What studies how people use the world around them?

text: Cultural anthropology

question: What type of anthropology studies relationships among persons and their history?

text: social

question: What type off anthropology has a hard-and-fast distinction from social anthropology?

text: Cultural anthropology


text: In 2003, the remains of a mosaic pavement were discovered under the ruins of the Bizere Monastery near the River Mureş in present-day Romania. The panels depict real or fantastic animal, floral, solar and geometric representations. Some archeologists supposed that it was the floor of an Orthodox church, built some time between the 10th and 11th century. Other experts claim that it was part of the later Catholic monastery on the site because it shows the signs of strong Italianate influence. The monastery was situated that time in the territory of the Kingdom of Hungary.

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: In

text: the

text: remains

text: of

text: a

text: mosaic

text: pavement

text: were

text: discovered

text: under

text: the

text: ruins

text: of

text: the

text: Bizere

text: Monastery

text: near

text: the

text: River

text: Mureş

text: in

text: present

text: day

text: Romania

text: The

text: panels

text: depict

text: real

text: or

text: fantastic

text: animal

text: floral

text: solar

text: and

text: geometric

text: representations

text: Some

text: archeologists

text: supposed

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: the

text: floor

text: of

text: an

text: Orthodox

text: church

text: built

text: some

text: time

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: century

text: Other

text: experts

text: claim

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: later

text: Catholic

text: monastery

text: on

text: the

text: site

text: because

text: it

text: shows

text: the

text: signs

text: of

text: strong

text: Italianate

text: influence

text: The

text: monastery

text: was

text: situated

text: that

text: time

text: in

text: the

text: territory

text: of

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Hungary

question: when were mosaic pavements uncovered at the Bizere Monastery?

answer: 2003

question: Where would the Bizere Monastery be located today?

answer: Romania

text: Romania

question: When were the mosaics at Bizere Monastery created?

answer: between the 10th and 11th century

text: between the 10th and 11th century

question: In what kingdom was the Bizere Monastery located?

answer: Hungary

text: Hungary


text: For the remaining years of Richard's reign, John supported his brother on the continent, apparently loyally. Richard's policy on the continent was to attempt to regain through steady, limited campaigns the castles he had lost to Philip II whilst on crusade. He allied himself with the leaders of Flanders, Boulogne and the Holy Roman Empire to apply pressure on Philip from Germany. In 1195 John successfully conducted a sudden attack and siege of Évreux castle, and subsequently managed the defences of Normandy against Philip. The following year, John seized the town of Gamaches and led a raiding party within 50 miles (80 km) of Paris, capturing the Bishop of Beauvais. In return for this service, Richard withdrew his malevolentia (ill-will) towards John, restored him to the county of Gloucestershire and made him again the Count of Mortain.

title: John,_King_of_England

title: John,_King_of_England

text: For

text: the

text: remaining

text: years

text: of

text: Richard

text: 's

text: reign

text: John

text: supported

text: his

text: brother

text: on

text: the

text: continent

text: apparently

text: loyally

text: Richard

text: 's

text: policy

text: on

text: the

text: continent

text: was

text: to

text: attempt

text: to

text: regain

text: through

text: steady

text: limited

text: campaigns

text: the

text: castles

text: he

text: had

text: lost

text: to

text: Philip

text: II

text: whilst

text: on

text: crusade

text: He

text: allied

text: himself

text: with

text: the

text: leaders

text: of

text: Flanders

text: Boulogne

text: and

text: the

text: Holy

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: to

text: apply

text: pressure

text: on

text: Philip

text: from

text: Germany

text: In

text: John

text: successfully

text: conducted

text: a

text: sudden

text: attack

text: and

text: siege

text: of

text: Évreux

text: castle

text: and

text: subsequently

text: managed

text: the

text: defences

text: of

text: Normandy

text: against

text: Philip

text: The

text: following

text: year

text: John

text: seized

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Gamaches

text: and

text: led

text: a

text: raiding

text: party

text: within

text: miles

text: km

text: of

text: Paris

text: capturing

text: the

text: Bishop

text: of

text: Beauvais

text: In

text: return

text: for

text: this

text: service

text: Richard

text: withdrew

text: his

text: malevolentia

text: ill

text: will

text: towards

text: John

text: restored

text: him

text: to

text: the

text: county

text: of

text: Gloucestershire

text: and

text: made

text: him

text: again

text: the

text: Count

text: of

text: Mortain

question: When did John successfully conduct a sudden attack and siege of Evreux castle?

answer: 1195

question: Richard withdrew what towards John?

answer: malevolentia

text: malevolentia

question: Who was the Count of Mortain?

answer: John

text: John


text: In the Church of England, the ecclesiastical courts that formerly decided many matters such as disputes relating to marriage, divorce, wills, and defamation, still have jurisdiction of certain church-related matters (e.g. discipline of clergy, alteration of church property, and issues related to churchyards). Their separate status dates back to the 12th century when the Normans split them off from the mixed secular/religious county and local courts used by the Saxons. In contrast to the other courts of England the law used in ecclesiastical matters is at least partially a civil law system, not common law, although heavily governed by parliamentary statutes. Since the Reformation, ecclesiastical courts in England have been royal courts. The teaching of canon law at the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge was abrogated by Henry VIII; thereafter practitioners in the ecclesiastical courts were trained in civil law, receiving a Doctor of Civil Law (D.C.L.) degree from Oxford, or a Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) degree from Cambridge. Such lawyers (called "doctors" and "civilians") were centered at "Doctors Commons", a few streets south of St Paul's Cathedral in London, where they monopolized probate, matrimonial, and admiralty cases until their jurisdiction was removed to the common law courts in the mid-19th century.

title: Canon_law

title: Canon_law

text: In

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: England

text: the

text: ecclesiastical

text: courts

text: that

text: formerly

text: decided

text: many

text: matters

text: such

text: as

text: disputes

text: relating

text: to

text: marriage

text: divorce

text: wills

text: and

text: defamation

text: still

text: have

text: jurisdiction

text: of

text: certain

text: church

text: related

text: matters

text: e.g.

text: discipline

text: of

text: clergy

text: alteration

text: of

text: church

text: property

text: and

text: issues

text: related

text: to

text: churchyards

text: Their

text: separate

text: status

text: dates

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: century

text: when

text: the

text: Normans

text: split

text: them

text: off

text: from

text: the

text: mixed

text: secular

text: religious

text: county

text: and

text: local

text: courts

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: Saxons

text: In

text: contrast

text: to

text: the

text: other

text: courts

text: of

text: England

text: the

text: law

text: used

text: in

text: ecclesiastical

text: matters

text: is

text: at

text: least

text: partially

text: a

text: civil

text: law

text: system

text: not

text: common

text: law

text: although

text: heavily

text: governed

text: by

text: parliamentary

text: statutes

text: Since

text: the

text: Reformation

text: ecclesiastical

text: courts

text: in

text: England

text: have

text: been

text: royal

text: courts

text: The

text: teaching

text: of

text: canon

text: law

text: at

text: the

text: Universities

text: of

text: Oxford

text: and

text: Cambridge

text: was

text: abrogated

text: by

text: Henry

text: VIII

text: thereafter

text: practitioners

text: in

text: the

text: ecclesiastical

text: courts

text: were

text: trained

text: in

text: civil

text: law

text: receiving

text: a

text: Doctor

text: of

text: Civil

text: Law

text: D.C.L.

text: degree

text: from

text: Oxford

text: or

text: a

text: Doctor

text: of

text: Laws

text: LL.D.

text: degree

text: from

text: Cambridge

text: Such

text: lawyers

text: called

text: doctors

text: and

text: civilians

text: were

text: centered

text: at

text: Doctors

text: Commons

text: a

text: few

text: streets

text: south

text: of

text: St

text: Paul

text: 's

text: Cathedral

text: in

text: London

text: where

text: they

text: monopolized

text: probate

text: matrimonial

text: and

text: admiralty

text: cases

text: until

text: their

text: jurisdiction

text: was

text: removed

text: to

text: the

text: common

text: law

text: courts

text: in

text: the

text: century

question: In what institution do church courts still have relevant functions in secular society?

answer: the Church of England

text: the Church of England

question: In what century did Saxons and Normans separate?

answer: 12th

question: What type of law is not found in ecclesiastical systems in the modern day?

answer: common law

text: common law

question: At which universities were canon law degrees abolished?

answer: Oxford and Cambridge

text: Oxford and Cambridge

question: Who was responsible for banning canon law education from Oxford and Cambridge?

answer: Henry VIII

text: Henry VIII

question: Where do church courts no longer function in secular society?

text: Church of England

question: What did the Normans split away from in the 1200s?

question: In one country is ecclesiastical matters part of a common law system?

text: England

question: What were ecclesiastical courts prior to the Reformation in England?

text: royal courts

question: What universities offer Canon law degrees?

text: Universities of Oxford and Cambridge


text: Application of electric motors revolutionized industry. Industrial processes were no longer limited by power transmission using line shafts, belts, compressed air or hydraulic pressure. Instead every machine could be equipped with its own electric motor, providing easy control at the point of use, and improving power transmission efficiency. Electric motors applied in agriculture eliminated human and animal muscle power from such tasks as handling grain or pumping water. Household uses of electric motors reduced heavy labor in the home and made higher standards of convenience, comfort and safety possible. Today, electric motors stand for more than half of the electric energy consumption in the US.

title: Electric_motor

title: Electric_motor

text: Application

text: of

text: electric

text: motors

text: revolutionized

text: industry

text: Industrial

text: processes

text: were

text: no

text: longer

text: limited

text: by

text: power

text: transmission

text: using

text: line

text: shafts

text: belts

text: compressed

text: air

text: or

text: hydraulic

text: pressure

text: Instead

text: every

text: machine

text: could

text: be

text: equipped

text: with

text: its

text: own

text: electric

text: motor

text: providing

text: easy

text: control

text: at

text: the

text: point

text: of

text: use

text: and

text: improving

text: power

text: transmission

text: efficiency

text: Electric

text: motors

text: applied

text: in

text: agriculture

text: eliminated

text: human

text: and

text: animal

text: muscle

text: power

text: from

text: such

text: tasks

text: as

text: handling

text: grain

text: or

text: pumping

text: water

text: Household

text: uses

text: of

text: electric

text: motors

text: reduced

text: heavy

text: labor

text: in

text: the

text: home

text: and

text: made

text: higher

text: standards

text: of

text: convenience

text: comfort

text: and

text: safety

text: possible

text: Today

text: electric

text: motors

text: stand

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: half

text: of

text: the

text: electric

text: energy

text: consumption

text: in

text: the

text: US

question: How much energy do electric motors use in the modern United States?

answer: more than half

text: more than half

question: In what domain did electric motors reduce reliance on humans and animals?

answer: agriculture

text: agriculture

question: Besides shafts, belts and compressed air, what did electric motors reduce the need for?

answer: hydraulic pressure

text: hydraulic pressure

question: Where did electric motors improve convenience and safety?

answer: in the home

text: in the home

question: How much energy do electric motors use in the modern UK?

text: more than half

question: In what domain did electric motors not reduce reliance on humans and animals?

text: agriculture

question: Besides shafts, belts and compressed air, what didn't electric motors reduce the need for?

text: hydraulic pressure

question: Where didn't electric motors improve convenience and safety?

text: in the home


text: Tucson was probably first visited by Paleo-Indians, known to have been in southern Arizona about 12,000 years ago. Recent archaeological excavations near the Santa Cruz River have located a village site dating from 2100 BC.[citation needed] The floodplain of the Santa Cruz River was extensively farmed during the Early Agricultural period, circa 1200 BC to AD 150. These people constructed irrigation canals and grew corn, beans, and other crops while gathering wild plants and hunting. The Early Ceramic period occupation of Tucson saw the first extensive use of pottery vessels for cooking and storage. The groups designated as the Hohokam lived in the area from AD 600 to 1450 and are known for their vast irrigation canal systems and their red-on-brown pottery.[citation needed]

title: Tucson,_Arizona

title: Tucson,_Arizona

text: Tucson

text: was

text: probably

text: first

text: visited

text: by

text: Paleo

text: Indians

text: known

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: in

text: southern

text: Arizona

text: about

text: years

text: ago

text: Recent

text: archaeological

text: excavations

text: near

text: the

text: Santa

text: Cruz

text: River

text: have

text: located

text: a

text: village

text: site

text: dating

text: from

text: BC.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: floodplain

text: of

text: the

text: Santa

text: Cruz

text: River

text: was

text: extensively

text: farmed

text: during

text: the

text: Early

text: Agricultural

text: period

text: circa

text: BC

text: to

text: AD

text: These

text: people

text: constructed

text: irrigation

text: canals

text: and

text: grew

text: corn

text: beans

text: and

text: other

text: crops

text: while

text: gathering

text: wild

text: plants

text: and

text: hunting

text: The

text: Early

text: Ceramic

text: period

text: occupation

text: of

text: Tucson

text: saw

text: the

text: first

text: extensive

text: use

text: of

text: pottery

text: vessels

text: for

text: cooking

text: and

text: storage

text: The

text: groups

text: designated

text: as

text: the

text: Hohokam

text: lived

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: from

text: AD

text: to

text: and

text: are

text: known

text: for

text: their

text: vast

text: irrigation

text: canal

text: systems

text: and

text: their

text: red

text: on

text: brown

text: pottery.[citation

text: needed

question: What was Tuscon known as 12,000 years ago?

answer: southern Arizona

text: southern Arizona

question: What group lived in the area that were known for their red-on-brown pottery?

answer: Hohokam

text: Hohokam

question: Near what river was a village site dating from 2100 BC found?

answer: Santa Cruz River

text: Santa Cruz River

question: Who were probably the first group of people in Tuscan?

answer: Paleo-Indians

text: Paleo-Indians

question: How long ago did Tuscan have their first visitors?

answer: 12,000 years ago

text: 12,000 years ago

question: How long ago were Paleo-Indians known to be in the Tucson area?

answer: about 12,000 years ago

text: about 12,000 years ago

question: How old was the village site found near the Santa Cruz River?

answer: 2100 BC

text: 2100 BC

question: When was the Early Agricultural period?

answer: 1200 BC to AD 150

text: 1200 BC to AD 150

question: What happened in the Early Ceramic period?

answer: the first extensive use of pottery vessels for cooking and storage

text: the first extensive use of pottery vessels for cooking and storage

question: When did the Hohokam live in the Tucson area?

answer: from AD 600 to 1450

text: from AD 600 to 1450


text: The Polish nobility enjoyed many rights that were not available to the noble classes of other countries and, typically, each new monarch conceded them further privileges. Those privileges became the basis of the Golden Liberty in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Despite having a king, Poland was called the nobility's Commonwealth because the king was elected by all interested members of hereditary nobility and Poland was considered to be the property of this class, not of the king or the ruling dynasty. This state of affairs grew up in part because of the extinction of the male-line descendants of the old royal dynasty (first the Piasts, then the Jagiellons), and the selection by the nobility of the Polish king from among the dynasty's female-line descendants.

title: Szlachta

title: Szlachta

text: The

text: Polish

text: nobility

text: enjoyed

text: many

text: rights

text: that

text: were

text: not

text: available

text: to

text: the

text: noble

text: classes

text: of

text: other

text: countries

text: and

text: typically

text: each

text: new

text: monarch

text: conceded

text: them

text: further

text: privileges

text: Those

text: privileges

text: became

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: the

text: Golden

text: Liberty

text: in

text: the

text: Polish

text: Lithuanian

text: Commonwealth

text: Despite

text: having

text: a

text: king

text: Poland

text: was

text: called

text: the

text: nobility

text: 's

text: Commonwealth

text: because

text: the

text: king

text: was

text: elected

text: by

text: all

text: interested

text: members

text: of

text: hereditary

text: nobility

text: and

text: Poland

text: was

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: property

text: of

text: this

text: class

text: not

text: of

text: the

text: king

text: or

text: the

text: ruling

text: dynasty

text: This

text: state

text: of

text: affairs

text: grew

text: up

text: in

text: part

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: extinction

text: of

text: the

text: male

text: line

text: descendants

text: of

text: the

text: old

text: royal

text: dynasty

text: first

text: the

text: Piasts

text: then

text: the

text: Jagiellons

text: and

text: the

text: selection

text: by

text: the

text: nobility

text: of

text: the

text: Polish

text: king

text: from

text: among

text: the

text: dynasty

text: 's

text: female

text: line

text: descendants

question: THe polish nobility had many positives compared to others including what?

answer: many rights

text: many rights

question: What was the nobilities commonwealth?

answer: Poland

text: Poland

question: WHo elected the king?

answer: not of the king or the ruling dynasty

text: not of the king or the ruling dynasty

question: WHy did the state affairs partly grow up on?

answer: the extinction of the male-line descendants of the old royal dynasty

text: the extinction of the male-line descendants of the old royal dynasty

question: The selection of nobility oh the polish kingdom was selected my whom?

answer: dynasty's female-line descendants.

text: dynasty's female-line descendants.


text: Early progress toward the development of vaccines occurred throughout this period, primarily in the form of academic and government-funded basic research directed toward the identification of the pathogens responsible for common communicable diseases. In 1885 Louis Pasteur and Pierre Paul Émile Roux created the first rabies vaccine. The first diphtheria vaccines were produced in 1914 from a mixture of diphtheria toxin and antitoxin (produced from the serum of an inoculated animal), but the safety of the inoculation was marginal and it was not widely used. The United States recorded 206,000 cases of diphtheria in 1921 resulting in 15,520 deaths. In 1923 parallel efforts by Gaston Ramon at the Pasteur Institute and Alexander Glenny at the Wellcome Research Laboratories (later part of GlaxoSmithKline) led to the discovery that a safer vaccine could be produced by treating diphtheria toxin with formaldehyde. In 1944, Maurice Hilleman of Squibb Pharmaceuticals developed the first vaccine against Japanese encephelitis. Hilleman would later move to Merck where he would play a key role in the development of vaccines against measles, mumps, chickenpox, rubella, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and meningitis.

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

text: Early

text: progress

text: toward

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: vaccines

text: occurred

text: throughout

text: this

text: period

text: primarily

text: in

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: academic

text: and

text: government

text: funded

text: basic

text: research

text: directed

text: toward

text: the

text: identification

text: of

text: the

text: pathogens

text: responsible

text: for

text: common

text: communicable

text: diseases

text: In

text: Louis

text: Pasteur

text: and

text: Pierre

text: Paul

text: Émile

text: Roux

text: created

text: the

text: first

text: rabies

text: vaccine

text: The

text: first

text: diphtheria

text: vaccines

text: were

text: produced

text: in

text: from

text: a

text: mixture

text: of

text: diphtheria

text: toxin

text: and

text: antitoxin

text: produced

text: from

text: the

text: serum

text: of

text: an

text: inoculated

text: animal

text: but

text: the

text: safety

text: of

text: the

text: inoculation

text: was

text: marginal

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: widely

text: used

text: The

text: United

text: States

text: recorded

text: cases

text: of

text: diphtheria

text: in

text: resulting

text: in

text: deaths

text: In

text: parallel

text: efforts

text: by

text: Gaston

text: Ramon

text: at

text: the

text: Pasteur

text: Institute

text: and

text: Alexander

text: Glenny

text: at

text: the

text: Wellcome

text: Research

text: Laboratories

text: later

text: part

text: of

text: GlaxoSmithKline

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: discovery

text: that

text: a

text: safer

text: vaccine

text: could

text: be

text: produced

text: by

text: treating

text: diphtheria

text: toxin

text: with

text: formaldehyde

text: In

text: Maurice

text: Hilleman

text: of

text: Squibb

text: Pharmaceuticals

text: developed

text: the

text: first

text: vaccine

text: against

text: Japanese

text: encephelitis

text: Hilleman

text: would

text: later

text: move

text: to

text: Merck

text: where

text: he

text: would

text: play

text: a

text: key

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: vaccines

text: against

text: measles

text: mumps

text: chickenpox

text: rubella

text: hepatitis

text: A

text: hepatitis

text: B

text: and

text: meningitis

question: Who created the first rabies vaccine?

answer: Louis Pasteur and Pierre Paul Émile Roux

text: Louis Pasteur and Pierre Paul Émile Roux

question: How many cases of Diphtheria were there in 1921?

answer: 206,000

question: In 1923, what was discovered to be safer to treat Diphtheria Toxin?

answer: formaldehyde

text: formaldehyde

question: Who created a vaccine to treat Japanese Encephalitis?

answer: Maurice Hilleman

text: Maurice Hilleman

question: How many deaths occurred due to Diphtheria?

answer: 15,520

question: The rabies vaccine was created in what year?

answer: 1885

question: In what year was the diphtheria vaccine made?

answer: 1914

question: What compound made the diphtheria vaccine safer to use?

answer: formaldehyde

text: formaldehyde

question: Who developed the first encephalitis vaccine?

answer: Maurice Hilleman

text: Maurice Hilleman

question: What company did Hilleman later work for?

answer: Merck

text: Merck

question: Who created the first encephelitis vaccine?

question: How many cases of encephelitis where there in 1921?

question: In 1923, what was discovered to be safer to treat encephelitis?

text: formaldehyde

question: Who created a vaccine to treat United States Encephalitis?

text: Maurice Hilleman

question: How many deaths occurred due to encephelitis?


text: Kurita's "Center Force" consisted of five battleships, 12 cruisers and 13 destroyers. It included the two largest battleships ever built: Yamato and Musashi. As they passed Palawan Island after midnight on 23 October the force was spotted, and U.S. submarines sank two cruisers. On 24 October, as Kurita's force entered the Sibuyan Sea, USS Intrepid and USS Cabot launched 260 planes, which scored hits on several ships. A second wave of planes scored many direct hits on Musashi. A third wave, from USS Enterprise and USS Franklin hit Musashi with 11 bombs and eight torpedoes. Kurita retreated but in the evening turned around to head for San Bernardino Strait. Musashi sank at about 19:30.

title: Pacific_War

title: Pacific_War

text: Kurita

text: 's

text: Center

text: Force

text: consisted

text: of

text: five

text: battleships

text: cruisers

text: and

text: destroyers

text: It

text: included

text: the

text: two

text: largest

text: battleships

text: ever

text: built

text: Yamato

text: and

text: Musashi

text: As

text: they

text: passed

text: Palawan

text: Island

text: after

text: midnight

text: on

text: October

text: the

text: force

text: was

text: spotted

text: and

text: U.S.

text: submarines

text: sank

text: two

text: cruisers

text: On

text: October

text: as

text: Kurita

text: 's

text: force

text: entered

text: the

text: Sibuyan

text: Sea

text: USS

text: Intrepid

text: and

text: USS

text: Cabot

text: launched

text: planes

text: which

text: scored

text: hits

text: on

text: several

text: ships

text: A

text: second

text: wave

text: of

text: planes

text: scored

text: many

text: direct

text: hits

text: on

text: Musashi

text: A

text: third

text: wave

text: from

text: USS

text: Enterprise

text: and

text: USS

text: Franklin

text: hit

text: Musashi

text: with

text: bombs

text: and

text: eight

text: torpedoes

text: Kurita

text: retreated

text: but

text: in

text: the

text: evening

text: turned

text: around

text: to

text: head

text: for

text: San

text: Bernardino

text: Strait

text: Musashi

text: sank

text: at

text: about

question: How many battleships were in Kurita's "Center Force"?

answer: five

text: five

question: How many cruisers were in Kurita's "Center Force"?

answer: 12

question: How many destroyers were in Kurita's "Center Force"?

answer: 13

question: When did Kurita's force enter the Sibuyan Sea?

answer: 24 October

text: 24 October


text: Metropolitan Boston is home to several conservatories and art schools, including Lesley University College of Art and Design, Massachusetts College of Art, the School of the Museum of Fine Arts, New England Institute of Art, New England School of Art and Design (Suffolk University), Longy School of Music of Bard College, and the New England Conservatory (the oldest independent conservatory in the United States). Other conservatories include the Boston Conservatory and Berklee College of Music, which has made Boston an important city for jazz music.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: Metropolitan

text: Boston

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: several

text: conservatories

text: and

text: art

text: schools

text: including

text: Lesley

text: University

text: College

text: of

text: Art

text: and

text: Design

text: Massachusetts

text: College

text: of

text: Art

text: the

text: School

text: of

text: the

text: Museum

text: of

text: Fine

text: Arts

text: New

text: England

text: Institute

text: of

text: Art

text: New

text: England

text: School

text: of

text: Art

text: and

text: Design

text: Suffolk

text: University

text: Longy

text: School

text: of

text: Music

text: of

text: Bard

text: College

text: and

text: the

text: New

text: England

text: Conservatory

text: the

text: oldest

text: independent

text: conservatory

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Other

text: conservatories

text: include

text: the

text: Boston

text: Conservatory

text: and

text: Berklee

text: College

text: of

text: Music

text: which

text: has

text: made

text: Boston

text: an

text: important

text: city

text: for

text: jazz

text: music

question: Wher e is Lesley University College of Art and Desighn located?

answer: Metropolitan Boston

text: Metropolitan Boston

question: What is another name for New Englans school of Art and Design

answer: Suffolk University

text: Suffolk University

question: What is the oldest independant conservatory in the US?

answer: the New England Conservatory

text: the New England Conservatory

question: What college plays an important role in making Boston known for Jazz?

answer: Berklee College of Music

text: Berklee College of Music


text: New York became the most populous urbanized area in the world in the early 1920s, overtaking London. The metropolitan area surpassed the 10 million mark in the early 1930s, becoming the first megacity in human history. The difficult years of the Great Depression saw the election of reformer Fiorello La Guardia as mayor and the fall of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: New

text: York

text: became

text: the

text: most

text: populous

text: urbanized

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: overtaking

text: London

text: The

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: surpassed

text: the

text: million

text: mark

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: becoming

text: the

text: first

text: megacity

text: in

text: human

text: history

text: The

text: difficult

text: years

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Depression

text: saw

text: the

text: election

text: of

text: reformer

text: Fiorello

text: La

text: Guardia

text: as

text: mayor

text: and

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: Tammany

text: Hall

text: after

text: eighty

text: years

text: of

text: political

text: dominance

question: In the early 1920s, what was the second most highly populated city in the world?

answer: London

text: London

question: What is the term for a city with a population of over 10 million?

answer: megacity

text: megacity

question: Who was mayor of New York during the Great Depression?

answer: Fiorello La Guardia

text: Fiorello La Guardia

question: For about how many years did Tammany Hall control New York political life?

answer: eighty

text: eighty

question: In the 1930s, New York City had more than 10 million people becoming the first what in history?

answer: megacity

text: megacity


text: To varying degrees, Nasser's statist system of government was continued in Egypt and emulated by virtually all Arab republics, namely Algeria, Syria, Iraq, Tunisia, Yemen, Sudan, and Libya. Ahmed Ben Bella, Algeria's first president, was a staunch Nasserist. Abdullah al-Sallal drove out the king of North Yemen in the name of Nasser's pan-Arabism. Other coups influenced by Nasser included those that occurred in Iraq in July 1958 and Syria in 1963. Muammar Gaddafi, who overthrew the Libyan monarchy in 1969, considered Nasser his hero and sought to succeed him as "leader of the Arabs". Also in 1969, Colonel Gaafar Nimeiry, a supporter of Nasser, took power in Sudan. The Arab Nationalist Movement (ANM) helped spread Nasser's pan-Arabist ideas throughout the Arab world, particularly among the Palestinians, Syrians, and Lebanese, and in South Yemen, the Persian Gulf, and Iraq. While many regional heads of state tried to emulate Nasser, Podeh opined that the "parochialism" of successive Arab leaders "transformed imitation [of Nasser] into parody".

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: To

text: varying

text: degrees

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: statist

text: system

text: of

text: government

text: was

text: continued

text: in

text: Egypt

text: and

text: emulated

text: by

text: virtually

text: all

text: Arab

text: republics

text: namely

text: Algeria

text: Syria

text: Iraq

text: Tunisia

text: Yemen

text: Sudan

text: and

text: Libya

text: Ahmed

text: Ben

text: Bella

text: Algeria

text: 's

text: first

text: president

text: was

text: a

text: staunch

text: Nasserist

text: Abdullah

text: al

text: Sallal

text: drove

text: out

text: the

text: king

text: of

text: North

text: Yemen

text: in

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: pan

text: Arabism

text: Other

text: coups

text: influenced

text: by

text: Nasser

text: included

text: those

text: that

text: occurred

text: in

text: Iraq

text: in

text: July

text: and

text: Syria

text: in

text: Muammar

text: Gaddafi

text: who

text: overthrew

text: the

text: Libyan

text: monarchy

text: in

text: considered

text: Nasser

text: his

text: hero

text: and

text: sought

text: to

text: succeed

text: him

text: as

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: Arabs

text: Also

text: in

text: Colonel

text: Gaafar

text: Nimeiry

text: a

text: supporter

text: of

text: Nasser

text: took

text: power

text: in

text: Sudan

text: The

text: Arab

text: Nationalist

text: Movement

text: ANM

text: helped

text: spread

text: Nasser

text: 's

text: pan

text: Arabist

text: ideas

text: throughout

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: particularly

text: among

text: the

text: Palestinians

text: Syrians

text: and

text: Lebanese

text: and

text: in

text: South

text: Yemen

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: and

text: Iraq

text: While

text: many

text: regional

text: heads

text: of

text: state

text: tried

text: to

text: emulate

text: Nasser

text: Podeh

text: opined

text: that

text: the

text: parochialism

text: of

text: successive

text: Arab

text: leaders

text: transformed

text: imitation

text: of

text: Nasser

text: into

text: parody

question: Who was Algeria's first president, a fervent Nasserist?

answer: Ben Bella

text: Ben Bella

question: What Nasserist usurped the King of Yemen?

answer: Abdullah al-Sallal

text: Abdullah al-Sallal

question: Which leader considered Nasser his hero?

answer: Muammar Gaddafi

text: Muammar Gaddafi

question: What leader took power in Sudan and was inspired by Nasser?

answer: Colonel Gaafar Nimeiry

text: Colonel Gaafar Nimeiry

question: What organization continued Nasser's philosophies?

answer: Arab Nationalist Movement

text: Arab Nationalist Movement


text: In early 1758, Frederick launched an invasion of Moravia, and laid siege to Olmütz (now Olomouc, Czech Republic). Following an Austrian victory at the Battle of Domstadtl that wiped out a supply convoy destined for Olmütz, Frederick broke off the siege and withdrew from Moravia. It marked the end of his final attempt to launch a major invasion of Austrian territory. East Prussia had been occupied by Russian forces over the winter and would remain under their control until 1762, although Frederick did not see the Russians as an immediate threat and instead entertained hopes of first fighting a decisive battle against Austria that would knock them out of the war.

title: Seven_Years%27_War

title: Seven_Years%27_War

text: In

text: early

text: Frederick

text: launched

text: an

text: invasion

text: of

text: Moravia

text: and

text: laid

text: siege

text: to

text: Olmütz

text: now

text: Olomouc

text: Czech

text: Republic

text: Following

text: an

text: Austrian

text: victory

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Domstadtl

text: that

text: wiped

text: out

text: a

text: supply

text: convoy

text: destined

text: for

text: Olmütz

text: Frederick

text: broke

text: off

text: the

text: siege

text: and

text: withdrew

text: from

text: Moravia

text: It

text: marked

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: his

text: final

text: attempt

text: to

text: launch

text: a

text: major

text: invasion

text: of

text: Austrian

text: territory

text: East

text: Prussia

text: had

text: been

text: occupied

text: by

text: Russian

text: forces

text: over

text: the

text: winter

text: and

text: would

text: remain

text: under

text: their

text: control

text: until

text: although

text: Frederick

text: did

text: not

text: see

text: the

text: Russians

text: as

text: an

text: immediate

text: threat

text: and

text: instead

text: entertained

text: hopes

text: of

text: first

text: fighting

text: a

text: decisive

text: battle

text: against

text: Austria

text: that

text: would

text: knock

text: them

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: war

question: Where did Frederick invade in 1758

answer: Frederick launched an invasion of Moravia

text: Frederick launched an invasion of Moravia

question: What city did Frederick lay siege to?

answer: Olmütz

text: Olmütz

question: What turned the battle for Olmutz against Frederick?

answer: Austrian victory at the Battle of Domstadtl that wiped out a supply convoy destined for Olmütz,

text: Austrian victory at the Battle of Domstadtl that wiped out a supply convoy destined for Olmütz,

question: How did Frederick respond to the loss of a supply convoy?

answer: Frederick broke off the siege and withdrew from Moravia.

text: Frederick broke off the siege and withdrew from Moravia.


text: Title IV of the 1978 Spanish constitution invests the Consentimiento Real (Royal Assent) and promulgation (publication) of laws with the monarch of Spain, while Title III, The Cortes Generales, Chapter 2, Drafting of Bills, outlines the method by which bills are passed. According to Article 91, within fifteen days of passage of a bill by the Cortes Generales, the sovereign shall give his or her assent and publish the new law. Article 92 invests the monarch with the right to call for a referendum, on the advice of the president of the government (commonly referred to in English as the prime minister) and the authorisation of the cortes.

title: Royal_assent

title: Royal_assent

text: Title

text: IV

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: constitution

text: invests

text: the

text: Consentimiento

text: Real

text: Royal

text: Assent

text: and

text: promulgation

text: publication

text: of

text: laws

text: with

text: the

text: monarch

text: of

text: Spain

text: while

text: Title

text: III

text: The

text: Cortes

text: Generales

text: Chapter

text: Drafting

text: of

text: Bills

text: outlines

text: the

text: method

text: by

text: which

text: bills

text: are

text: passed

text: According

text: to

text: Article

text: within

text: fifteen

text: days

text: of

text: passage

text: of

text: a

text: bill

text: by

text: the

text: Cortes

text: Generales

text: the

text: sovereign

text: shall

text: give

text: his

text: or

text: her

text: assent

text: and

text: publish

text: the

text: new

text: law

text: Article

text: invests

text: the

text: monarch

text: with

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: call

text: for

text: a

text: referendum

text: on

text: the

text: advice

text: of

text: the

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: government

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: in

text: English

text: as

text: the

text: prime

text: minister

text: and

text: the

text: authorisation

text: of

text: the

text: cortes

question: Which article in the Spanish constitution gives the monarch the right to ask for a referendum?

answer: Article 92

text: Article 92

question: Which article specifies the number of days available to the monarch to provide a signature on an assended bill?

answer: Article 91

text: Article 91

question: In the 1978 Spanish constitution, which title describes how bills are passed?

answer: Title III, The Cortes Generales

text: Title III, The Cortes Generales

question: What chapter in the Spanish constitution describes how bills are to be passed?

answer: Chapter 2, Drafting of Bills

text: Chapter 2, Drafting of Bills

question: Which title outlines the method by which bills are not passed?

text: Title III

question: Which title does not invest the royal assent and publication of laws with the monarch of Spain?

text: Title IV

question: Title II, which describes how bills are passed was created in what year?

question: The sovereign has 25 days to give his or her assent according to what article?

question: The monarch does not have a right to call for a referendum according to which article?