text: Spanish is currently the most widely taught non-English language in American secondary schools and of higher education. More than 1.4 million university students were enrolled in language courses in autumn of 2002 and Spanish is the most widely taught language in American colleges and universities with 53 percent of the total number of people enrolled, followed by French (14.4%), German (7.1%), Italian (4.5%), American Sign language (4.3%), Japanese (3.7%), and Chinese (2.4%) although the totals remain relatively small in relation to the total U.S population.

title: Spanish_language_in_the_United_States

title: Spanish_language_in_the_United_States

text: Spanish

text: is

text: currently

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: taught

text: non

text: English

text: language

text: in

text: American

text: secondary

text: schools

text: and

text: of

text: higher

text: education

text: More

text: than

text: million

text: university

text: students

text: were

text: enrolled

text: in

text: language

text: courses

text: in

text: autumn

text: of

text: and

text: Spanish

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: taught

text: language

text: in

text: American

text: colleges

text: and

text: universities

text: with

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: people

text: enrolled

text: followed

text: by

text: French

text: German

text: Italian

text: American

text: Sign

text: language

text: Japanese

text: and

text: Chinese

text: although

text: the

text: totals

text: remain

text: relatively

text: small

text: in

text: relation

text: to

text: the

text: total

text: U.S

text: population

question: What language, other than English, is spoken in the U.S.?

answer: Spanish is currently the most widely taught non-English language

text: Spanish is currently the most widely taught non-English language

question: Are students taught Spanish in american schools?

answer: More than 1.4 million university students were enrolled in language courses

text: More than 1.4 million university students were enrolled in language courses

question: How popular are Spanish language classes in the U.S,?

answer: Spanish is the most widely taught language in American colleges and universities with 53 percent of the total number of people enrolled

text: Spanish is the most widely taught language in American colleges and universities with 53 percent of the total number of people enrolled

question: What other languages are popular among American students?

answer: French (14.4%), German (7.1%), Italian (4.5%), American Sign language (4.3%), Japanese (3.7%), and Chinese (2.4%)

text: French (14.4%), German (7.1%), Italian (4.5%), American Sign language (4.3%), Japanese (3.7%), and Chinese (2.4%)

question: Are these other languages learned in the U.S. as popular as Spanish?

answer: totals remain relatively small in relation to the total U.S population.

text: totals remain relatively small in relation to the total U.S population.

question: What language other than American is spoken in the U.S.?

question: How popular are English classes in the U.S.?

question: What other languages are popular among Mexican students?

question: Are there other languages learned in the U.S. besides English?

question: How many university students were enrolled in autumn of 2002?

text: More than 1.4 million


text: In March 2010, Sony Corp has partnered with The Michael Jackson Company with a contract of more than $250 million, the largest deal in recorded music history.

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

title: Sony_Music_Entertainment

text: In

text: March

text: Sony

text: Corp

text: has

text: partnered

text: with

text: The

text: Michael

text: Jackson

text: Company

text: with

text: a

text: contract

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: million

text: the

text: largest

text: deal

text: in

text: recorded

text: music

text: history

question: Who did Sony partner with to create the biggest deal ever?

answer: Michael Jackson Company

text: Michael Jackson Company

question: How much was the partnership worth?

answer: $250 million

text: $250 million

question: In what year was the partnership initiated?

answer: 2010

question: In March 2100, who partnered with The Michael Jackson Company?

text: Sony Corp

question: Sony Corp partnered with whom in July, 2010?

text: The Michael Jackson Company

question: Who partnered together in March 2010 with a contract of over $500 million?

question: The second largest deal in recorded music history was worth how much?

text: more than $250 million


text: The school has many nationally and internationally acclaimed scholars in social security, health care, health disparities, communication, social and health policy, and individual and family development. Many of the faculty have training in both social work and public health. The school's current dean is Edward F. Lawlor. In addition to affiliation with the university-wide Institute of Public Health, Brown houses 12 research centers. The Brown School Library collects materials on many topics, with specific emphasis on: children, youth, and families; gerontology; health; mental health; social and economic development; family therapy; and management. The library maintains subscriptions to over 450 academic journals.

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

title: Washington_University_in_St._Louis

text: The

text: school

text: has

text: many

text: nationally

text: and

text: internationally

text: acclaimed

text: scholars

text: in

text: social

text: security

text: health

text: care

text: health

text: disparities

text: communication

text: social

text: and

text: health

text: policy

text: and

text: individual

text: and

text: family

text: development

text: Many

text: of

text: the

text: faculty

text: have

text: training

text: in

text: both

text: social

text: work

text: and

text: public

text: health

text: The

text: school

text: 's

text: current

text: dean

text: is

text: Edward

text: F.

text: Lawlor

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: affiliation

text: with

text: the

text: university

text: wide

text: Institute

text: of

text: Public

text: Health

text: Brown

text: houses

text: research

text: centers

text: The

text: Brown

text: School

text: Library

text: collects

text: materials

text: on

text: many

text: topics

text: with

text: specific

text: emphasis

text: on

text: children

text: youth

text: and

text: families

text: gerontology

text: health

text: mental

text: health

text: social

text: and

text: economic

text: development

text: family

text: therapy

text: and

text: management

text: The

text: library

text: maintains

text: subscriptions

text: to

text: over

text: academic

text: journals

question: Who is the Brown School's current Dean?

answer: Edward F. Lawlor

text: Edward F. Lawlor

question: How many research centers are housed by the Brown School?

answer: 12 research centers.

text: 12 research centers.

question: What topics of emphasis are contained in the Brown School Library collection?

answer: children, youth, and families; gerontology; health; mental health; social and economic development; family therapy; and management.

text: children, youth, and families; gerontology; health; mental health; social and economic development; family therapy; and management.

question: To how many academic journals does the Brown School Library subscribe?

answer: over 450 academic journals

text: over 450 academic journals

question: What areas does the Brown School Library have represented scholars?

answer: social security, health care, health disparities, communication, social and health policy, and individual and family development

text: social security, health care, health disparities, communication, social and health policy, and individual and family development

question: How many academic journal subscriptions does the Brown School Library have for mental health issues?

question: How many nationally and internationally acclaimed scholars work for Brown?

question: How many academic journal subscriptions does the Brown School Library have for gerontology?

question: How many of the facility have trained in both social work and public health?

question: How many academic journal subscriptions does the Brown School Library have for family therapy?


text: The second and most dramatic boom and bust resulted from the Klondike Gold Rush, which ended the depression that had begun with the Panic of 1893; in a short time, Seattle became a major transportation center. On July 14, 1897, the S.S. Portland docked with its famed "ton of gold", and Seattle became the main transport and supply point for the miners in Alaska and the Yukon. Few of those working men found lasting wealth, however; it was Seattle's business of clothing the miners and feeding them salmon that panned out in the long run. Along with Seattle, other cities like Everett, Tacoma, Port Townsend, Bremerton, and Olympia, all in the Puget Sound region, became competitors for exchange, rather than mother lodes for extraction, of precious metals. The boom lasted well into the early part of the 20th century and funded many new Seattle companies and products. In 1907, 19-year-old James E. Casey borrowed $100 from a friend and founded the American Messenger Company (later UPS). Other Seattle companies founded during this period include Nordstrom and Eddie Bauer. Seattle brought in the Olmsted Brothers landscape architecture firm to design a system of parks and boulevards.

title: Seattle

title: Seattle

text: The

text: second

text: and

text: most

text: dramatic

text: boom

text: and

text: bust

text: resulted

text: from

text: the

text: Klondike

text: Gold

text: Rush

text: which

text: ended

text: the

text: depression

text: that

text: had

text: begun

text: with

text: the

text: Panic

text: of

text: in

text: a

text: short

text: time

text: Seattle

text: became

text: a

text: major

text: transportation

text: center

text: On

text: July

text: the

text: S.S.

text: Portland

text: docked

text: with

text: its

text: famed

text: ton

text: of

text: gold

text: and

text: Seattle

text: became

text: the

text: main

text: transport

text: and

text: supply

text: point

text: for

text: the

text: miners

text: in

text: Alaska

text: and

text: the

text: Yukon

text: Few

text: of

text: those

text: working

text: men

text: found

text: lasting

text: wealth

text: however

text: it

text: was

text: Seattle

text: 's

text: business

text: of

text: clothing

text: the

text: miners

text: and

text: feeding

text: them

text: salmon

text: that

text: panned

text: out

text: in

text: the

text: long

text: run

text: Along

text: with

text: Seattle

text: other

text: cities

text: like

text: Everett

text: Tacoma

text: Port

text: Townsend

text: Bremerton

text: and

text: Olympia

text: all

text: in

text: the

text: Puget

text: Sound

text: region

text: became

text: competitors

text: for

text: exchange

text: rather

text: than

text: mother

text: lodes

text: for

text: extraction

text: of

text: precious

text: metals

text: The

text: boom

text: lasted

text: well

text: into

text: the

text: early

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: funded

text: many

text: new

text: Seattle

text: companies

text: and

text: products

text: In

text: old

text: James

text: E.

text: Casey

text: borrowed

text: from

text: a

text: friend

text: and

text: founded

text: the

text: American

text: Messenger

text: Company

text: later

text: UPS

text: Other

text: Seattle

text: companies

text: founded

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: include

text: Nordstrom

text: and

text: Eddie

text: Bauer

text: Seattle

text: brought

text: in

text: the

text: Olmsted

text: Brothers

text: landscape

text: architecture

text: firm

text: to

text: design

text: a

text: system

text: of

text: parks

text: and

text: boulevards

question: After lumbering, what was Seattle's second big economic boom?

answer: Klondike Gold Rush

text: Klondike Gold Rush

question: What event ended the Gold Rush?

answer: depression

text: depression

question: What was the start of the depression that stopped the Gold Rush?

answer: Panic of 1893

text: Panic of 1893

question: For whom was Seattle the main port of supply ?

answer: miners

text: miners

question: What company did James E. Casey found in 1907 with a borrowed $100?

answer: American Messenger Company

text: American Messenger Company


text: In 1663 at the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence, Lambeth Palace, a Gothic hammerbeam roof was built to replace that destroyed when the building was sacked during the English Civil War. Also in the late 17th century, some discrete Gothic details appeared on new construction at Oxford University and Cambridge University, notably on Tom Tower at Christ Church, Oxford, by Christopher Wren. It is not easy to decide whether these instances were Gothic survival or early appearances of Gothic revival.

title: Gothic_architecture

title: Gothic_architecture

text: In

text: at

text: the

text: Archbishop

text: of

text: Canterbury

text: 's

text: residence

text: Lambeth

text: Palace

text: a

text: Gothic

text: hammerbeam

text: roof

text: was

text: built

text: to

text: replace

text: that

text: destroyed

text: when

text: the

text: building

text: was

text: sacked

text: during

text: the

text: English

text: Civil

text: War

text: Also

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: some

text: discrete

text: Gothic

text: details

text: appeared

text: on

text: new

text: construction

text: at

text: Oxford

text: University

text: and

text: Cambridge

text: University

text: notably

text: on

text: Tom

text: Tower

text: at

text: Christ

text: Church

text: Oxford

text: by

text: Christopher

text: Wren

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: easy

text: to

text: decide

text: whether

text: these

text: instances

text: were

text: Gothic

text: survival

text: or

text: early

text: appearances

text: of

text: Gothic

text: revival

question: What is the name of the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence?

answer: Lambeth Palace

text: Lambeth Palace

question: In what year was a Gothic hammerbeam roof installed on the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence?

answer: In 1663

text: In 1663

question: In what century were distinct Gothic details used on new construction at Oxford and Cambridge?

answer: the late 17th century

text: the late 17th century

question: Who used Gothic details in construction of Tom Tower, Oxford?

answer: Christopher Wren

text: Christopher Wren

question: What is the location of the Archbishop of Canterbury's dentist?

text: Lambeth Palace

question: What year was a Gothic hammerbeam roof stolen on the Archbishop of Canterbury's residence?

question: What century were vague Gothic details used on new construction at Oxford and Yale?

text: the late 17th century

question: Who avoided Gothic details in construction of Tom Tower, Oxford?

text: Christopher Wren


text: In mathematics, a group is an algebraic structure consisting of a set of elements equipped with an operation that combines any two elements to form a third element. The operation satisfies four conditions called the group axioms, namely closure, associativity, identity and invertibility. One of the most familiar examples of a group is the set of integers together with the addition operation, but the abstract formalization of the group axioms, detached as it is from the concrete nature of any particular group and its operation, applies much more widely. It allows entities with highly diverse mathematical origins in abstract algebra and beyond to be handled in a flexible way while retaining their essential structural aspects. The ubiquity of groups in numerous areas within and outside mathematics makes them a central organizing principle of contemporary mathematics.

title: Group_(mathematics)

title: Group_(mathematics

text: In

text: mathematics

text: a

text: group

text: is

text: an

text: algebraic

text: structure

text: consisting

text: of

text: a

text: set

text: of

text: elements

text: equipped

text: with

text: an

text: operation

text: that

text: combines

text: any

text: two

text: elements

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: third

text: element

text: The

text: operation

text: satisfies

text: four

text: conditions

text: called

text: the

text: group

text: axioms

text: namely

text: closure

text: associativity

text: identity

text: and

text: invertibility

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: familiar

text: examples

text: of

text: a

text: group

text: is

text: the

text: set

text: of

text: integers

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: addition

text: operation

text: but

text: the

text: abstract

text: formalization

text: of

text: the

text: group

text: axioms

text: detached

text: as

text: it

text: is

text: from

text: the

text: concrete

text: nature

text: of

text: any

text: particular

text: group

text: and

text: its

text: operation

text: applies

text: much

text: more

text: widely

text: It

text: allows

text: entities

text: with

text: highly

text: diverse

text: mathematical

text: origins

text: in

text: abstract

text: algebra

text: and

text: beyond

text: to

text: be

text: handled

text: in

text: a

text: flexible

text: way

text: while

text: retaining

text: their

text: essential

text: structural

text: aspects

text: The

text: ubiquity

text: of

text: groups

text: in

text: numerous

text: areas

text: within

text: and

text: outside

text: mathematics

text: makes

text: them

text: a

text: central

text: organizing

text: principle

text: of

text: contemporary

text: mathematics

question: What is an arithmetical structure comprising of a set of elements including an operation that joins any two elements to form a third element?

answer: a group

text: a group

question: What is the name used to describe the four conditions of closure, associativity, identity and invertibility?

answer: group axioms

text: group axioms

question: What permits elements with different mathematical starting points to be taken care of in a flexible manner while holding their key basic aspects?

answer: abstract formalization of the group axioms

text: abstract formalization of the group axioms

question: What is a set of elements constructed from?

text: an algebraic structure

question: What are the two elements called?

text: group axioms

question: What is the abstract formalization attached to?

text: the concrete nature

question: What do entities lose when handled in abstract algebra?

text: their essential structural aspects

question: What is an example of a rare group?


text: Three weeks later, on May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard became the first American in space, launched in a ballistic trajectory on Mercury-Redstone 3, in a spacecraft he named Freedom 7. Though he did not achieve orbit like Gagarin, he was the first person to exercise manual control over his spacecraft's attitude and retro-rocket firing. After his successful return, Shepard was celebrated as a national hero, honored with parades in Washington, New York and Los Angeles, and received the NASA Distinguished Service Medal from President John F. Kennedy.

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: Three

text: weeks

text: later

text: on

text: May

text: Alan

text: Shepard

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: American

text: in

text: space

text: launched

text: in

text: a

text: ballistic

text: trajectory

text: on

text: Mercury

text: Redstone

text: in

text: a

text: spacecraft

text: he

text: named

text: Freedom

text: Though

text: he

text: did

text: not

text: achieve

text: orbit

text: like

text: Gagarin

text: he

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: person

text: to

text: exercise

text: manual

text: control

text: over

text: his

text: spacecraft

text: 's

text: attitude

text: and

text: retro

text: rocket

text: firing

text: After

text: his

text: successful

text: return

text: Shepard

text: was

text: celebrated

text: as

text: a

text: national

text: hero

text: honored

text: with

text: parades

text: in

text: Washington

text: New

text: York

text: and

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: and

text: received

text: the

text: NASA

text: Distinguished

text: Service

text: Medal

text: from

text: President

text: John

text: F.

text: Kennedy

question: The first American to travel into space was whom?

answer: Alan Shepard

text: Alan Shepard

question: When did Alan Shepard first arrive in space?

answer: May 5, 1961

text: May 5, 1961

question: The spaceship that carried Alan Shepard was named what?

answer: Freedom 7

text: Freedom 7

question: The first person to have control over driving their spacecraft was whom?

answer: Alan Shepard

text: Alan Shepard

question: Which president awarded Alan Shepard the NASA Distinguished Service Medal?

answer: John F. Kennedy

text: John F. Kennedy


text: The portable or table lamp is probably the most common fixture, found in many homes and offices. The standard lamp and shade that sits on a table is general lighting, while the desk lamp is considered task lighting. Magnifier lamps are also task lighting.

title: Lighting

title: Lighting

text: The

text: portable

text: or

text: table

text: lamp

text: is

text: probably

text: the

text: most

text: common

text: fixture

text: found

text: in

text: many

text: homes

text: and

text: offices

text: The

text: standard

text: lamp

text: and

text: shade

text: that

text: sits

text: on

text: a

text: table

text: is

text: general

text: lighting

text: while

text: the

text: desk

text: lamp

text: is

text: considered

text: task

text: lighting

text: Magnifier

text: lamps

text: are

text: also

text: task

text: lighting

question: What is one type of fixture commonly found in offices?

answer: table lamp

text: table lamp

question: Magnifier lamps are considered what type of lighting?

answer: task lighting

text: task lighting


text: Westminster diocese was dissolved in 1550, but the abbey was recognised (in 1552, retroactively to 1550) as a second cathedral of the Diocese of London until 1556. The already-old expression "robbing Peter to pay Paul" may have been given a new lease of life when money meant for the abbey, which is dedicated to Saint Peter, was diverted to the treasury of St Paul's Cathedral.

title: Westminster_Abbey

title: Westminster_Abbey

text: Westminster

text: diocese

text: was

text: dissolved

text: in

text: but

text: the

text: abbey

text: was

text: recognised

text: in

text: retroactively

text: to

text: as

text: a

text: second

text: cathedral

text: of

text: the

text: Diocese

text: of

text: London

text: until

text: The

text: already

text: old

text: expression

text: robbing

text: Peter

text: to

text: pay

text: Paul

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: given

text: a

text: new

text: lease

text: of

text: life

text: when

text: money

text: meant

text: for

text: the

text: abbey

text: which

text: is

text: dedicated

text: to

text: Saint

text: Peter

text: was

text: diverted

text: to

text: the

text: treasury

text: of

text: St

text: Paul

text: 's

text: Cathedral

question: When was Westminster Diocese dissolved?

answer: 1550

question: The abbey was recognised as what until 1556?

answer: a second cathedral of the Diocese of London

text: a second cathedral of the Diocese of London

question: Who is the abbey dedicated to?

answer: Saint Peter

text: Saint Peter

question: When was Westminster Diocese resolved?

question: When was Eastminster Diocese dissolved?

question: The abbey was recognised as what after 1556?

question: The abbey was recognised as what until 1565?

question: Who isn't the abbey dedicated to?

text: Saint Peter


text: There have been two major trends in the changing status of pet dogs. The first has been the 'commodification' of the dog, shaping it to conform to human expectations of personality and behaviour. The second has been the broadening of the concept of the family and the home to include dogs-as-dogs within everyday routines and practices.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: There

text: have

text: been

text: two

text: major

text: trends

text: in

text: the

text: changing

text: status

text: of

text: pet

text: dogs

text: The

text: first

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: commodification

text: of

text: the

text: dog

text: shaping

text: it

text: to

text: conform

text: to

text: human

text: expectations

text: of

text: personality

text: and

text: behaviour

text: The

text: second

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: broadening

text: of

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: the

text: family

text: and

text: the

text: home

text: to

text: include

text: dogs

text: as

text: dogs

text: within

text: everyday

text: routines

text: and

text: practices

question: Shaping dogs to what people want is called what?

answer: commodification

text: commodification

question: The idea of what constitutes a family, from the human perspective, has enlarged to include what?

answer: dogs.

text: dogs.

question: How many big trends are involved in how much the position of dogs has changed in human civilization?

answer: two

text: two

question: When a person shapes a dog to conform to his expectations of behavior, it is called what?

answer: commodification

text: commodification

question: A second major trend has been increasing the idea of family and home to include dogs in what?

answer: everyday routines

text: everyday routines


text: The rhythm is linked to the light–dark cycle. Animals, including humans, kept in total darkness for extended periods eventually function with a free-running rhythm. Their sleep cycle is pushed back or forward each "day", depending on whether their "day", their endogenous period, is shorter or longer than 24 hours. The environmental cues that reset the rhythms each day are called zeitgebers (from the German, "time-givers"). Totally blind subterranean mammals (e.g., blind mole rat Spalax sp.) are able to maintain their endogenous clocks in the apparent absence of external stimuli. Although they lack image-forming eyes, their photoreceptors (which detect light) are still functional; they do surface periodically as well.[page needed]

title: Circadian_rhythm

title: Circadian_rhythm

text: The

text: rhythm

text: is

text: linked

text: to

text: the

text: light

text: dark

text: cycle

text: Animals

text: including

text: humans

text: kept

text: in

text: total

text: darkness

text: for

text: extended

text: periods

text: eventually

text: function

text: with

text: a

text: free

text: running

text: rhythm

text: Their

text: sleep

text: cycle

text: is

text: pushed

text: back

text: or

text: forward

text: each

text: day

text: depending

text: on

text: whether

text: their

text: day

text: their

text: endogenous

text: period

text: is

text: shorter

text: or

text: longer

text: than

text: hours

text: The

text: environmental

text: cues

text: that

text: reset

text: the

text: rhythms

text: each

text: day

text: are

text: called

text: zeitgebers

text: from

text: the

text: German

text: time

text: givers

text: Totally

text: blind

text: subterranean

text: mammals

text: e.g.

text: blind

text: mole

text: rat

text: Spalax

text: sp

text: are

text: able

text: to

text: maintain

text: their

text: endogenous

text: clocks

text: in

text: the

text: apparent

text: absence

text: of

text: external

text: stimuli

text: Although

text: they

text: lack

text: image

text: forming

text: eyes

text: their

text: photoreceptors

text: which

text: detect

text: light

text: are

text: still

text: functional

text: they

text: do

text: surface

text: periodically

text: as

text: well.[page

text: needed

question: To what is the circadian rhythm tied?

answer: light–dark cycle

text: light–dark cycle

question: What conditions will produce a free-running rhythm in humans?

answer: total darkness

text: total darkness

question: What are the environmental factors that can change the rhythm?

answer: zeitgebers

text: zeitgebers

question: What do blind mole rats have in place of vision?

answer: photoreceptors

text: photoreceptors

question: What cycle is seperate from the circadian rythem?

text: light–dark cycle

question: What does total light cause in humans?

text: free-running rhythm.

question: What is the term for the environmental cues that dertermine daily rythems?

text: zeitgebers

question: What kind of mammals need external stimuli to maintain their endogenous clock?

text: Totally blind subterranean mammals


text: Between 1941 and 1946, the left-wing British historian E.H. Carr was Assistant Editor. Carr was well known for the strongly pro-Soviet tone of his editorials. In December 1944, when fighting broke out in Athens between the Greek Communist ELAS and the British Army, Carr in a Times editorial sided with the Communists, leading Winston Churchill to condemn him and that leader in a speech to the House of Commons. As a result of Carr's editorial, The Times became popularly known during that stage of World War II as the threepenny Daily Worker (the price of the Daily Worker being one penny).

title: The_Times

title: The_Times

text: Between

text: and

text: the

text: left

text: wing

text: British

text: historian

text: E.H.

text: Carr

text: was

text: Assistant

text: Editor

text: Carr

text: was

text: well

text: known

text: for

text: the

text: strongly

text: pro

text: Soviet

text: tone

text: of

text: his

text: editorials

text: In

text: December

text: when

text: fighting

text: broke

text: out

text: in

text: Athens

text: between

text: the

text: Greek

text: Communist

text: ELAS

text: and

text: the

text: British

text: Army

text: Carr

text: in

text: a

text: Times

text: editorial

text: sided

text: with

text: the

text: Communists

text: leading

text: Winston

text: Churchill

text: to

text: condemn

text: him

text: and

text: that

text: leader

text: in

text: a

text: speech

text: to

text: the

text: House

text: of

text: Commons

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: Carr

text: 's

text: editorial

text: The

text: Times

text: became

text: popularly

text: known

text: during

text: that

text: stage

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: as

text: the

text: threepenny

text: Daily

text: Worker

text: the

text: price

text: of

text: the

text: Daily

text: Worker

text: being

text: one

text: penny

question: Between 1941 and 1946, which left-wing British historian was Assistant Editor for The Times?

answer: E.H. Carr

text: E.H. Carr

question: The Assistant Editor of The Times in 1941-1946 strongly supported what stance?

answer: pro-Soviet

text: pro-Soviet

question: Which side did The Times support in the fighting that broke out in Athens in 1944?

answer: Communists

text: Communists

question: Which major political figure condemned The Times in 1944 for not supporting the British Army?

answer: Winston Churchill

text: Winston Churchill

question: During World War II, The Times was nicknamed what in 1944?

answer: the threepenny Daily Worker

text: the threepenny Daily Worker


text: The year 2000 brought heightened interest in the AFL. Then-St. Louis Rams quarterback Kurt Warner, who was MVP of Super Bowl XXXIV, was first noticed because he played quarterback for the AFL's Iowa Barnstormers. While many sports commentators and fans continued to ridicule the league, Warner's story gave the league positive exposure, and it brought the league a new television deal with TNN, which, unlike ESPN, televised regular season games live. While it was not financially lucrative, it helped set the stage for what the league would become in the new millennium. Also, the year also brought a spin-off league, the AF2, intended to be a developmental league, comparable to the National Football League's NFL Europe. There was a lot of expansion in the 2000s. Expansion teams included the Austin Wranglers, Carolina Cobras, Los Angeles Avengers, Chicago Rush, Detroit Fury, Dallas Desperados, Colorado Crush, New Orleans VooDoo, Philadelphia Soul, Nashville Kats, Kansas City Brigade, New York Dragons and Utah Blaze. Some of these teams, including the Crush, Desperados, Kats, and VooDoo, were owned by the same group which owned the NFL teams in their host cities. The NFL purchased, but never exercised, an option to buy a major interest the AFL. Of all of these teams, only the Soul still compete in the AFL as of now.

title: Arena_Football_League

title: Arena_Football_League

text: The

text: year

text: brought

text: heightened

text: interest

text: in

text: the

text: AFL

text: Then

text: St

text: Louis

text: Rams

text: quarterback

text: Kurt

text: Warner

text: who

text: was

text: MVP

text: of

text: Super

text: Bowl

text: XXXIV

text: was

text: first

text: noticed

text: because

text: he

text: played

text: quarterback

text: for

text: the

text: AFL

text: 's

text: Iowa

text: Barnstormers

text: While

text: many

text: sports

text: commentators

text: and

text: fans

text: continued

text: to

text: ridicule

text: the

text: league

text: Warner

text: 's

text: story

text: gave

text: the

text: league

text: positive

text: exposure

text: and

text: it

text: brought

text: the

text: league

text: a

text: new

text: television

text: deal

text: with

text: TNN

text: which

text: unlike

text: ESPN

text: televised

text: regular

text: season

text: games

text: live

text: While

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: financially

text: lucrative

text: it

text: helped

text: set

text: the

text: stage

text: for

text: what

text: the

text: league

text: would

text: become

text: in

text: the

text: new

text: millennium

text: Also

text: the

text: year

text: also

text: brought

text: a

text: spin

text: off

text: league

text: the

text: intended

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: developmental

text: league

text: comparable

text: to

text: the

text: National

text: Football

text: League

text: 's

text: NFL

text: Europe

text: There

text: was

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: expansion

text: in

text: the

text: Expansion

text: teams

text: included

text: the

text: Austin

text: Wranglers

text: Carolina

text: Cobras

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Avengers

text: Chicago

text: Rush

text: Detroit

text: Fury

text: Dallas

text: Desperados

text: Colorado

text: Crush

text: New

text: Orleans

text: VooDoo

text: Philadelphia

text: Soul

text: Nashville

text: Kats

text: Kansas

text: City

text: Brigade

text: New

text: York

text: Dragons

text: and

text: Utah

text: Blaze

text: Some

text: of

text: these

text: teams

text: including

text: the

text: Crush

text: Desperados

text: Kats

text: and

text: VooDoo

text: were

text: owned

text: by

text: the

text: same

text: group

text: which

text: owned

text: the

text: NFL

text: teams

text: in

text: their

text: host

text: cities

text: The

text: NFL

text: purchased

text: but

text: never

text: exercised

text: an

text: option

text: to

text: buy

text: a

text: major

text: interest

text: the

text: AFL

text: Of

text: all

text: of

text: these

text: teams

text: only

text: the

text: Soul

text: still

text: compete

text: in

text: the

text: AFL

text: as

text: of

text: now

question: What AFL team did Kurt Warner play for?

answer: Iowa Barnstormers

text: Iowa Barnstormers

question: Kurt Warner was the Most Valuable Player in what Super Bowl?

answer: Super Bowl XXXIV

text: Super Bowl XXXIV

question: What NFL team did Kurt Warner play for?

answer: St. Louis Rams

text: St. Louis Rams

question: What television network did the AFL sign a deal with in 2000?

answer: TNN

text: TNN

question: What was the name of the AFL team based in New Orleans?

answer: VooDoo

text: VooDoo


text: The word "emotion" dates back to 1579, when it was adapted from the French word émouvoir, which means "to stir up". The term emotion was introduced into academic discussion to replace passion. According to one dictionary, the earliest precursors of the word likely dates back to the very origins of language. The modern word emotion is heterogeneous In some uses of the word, emotions are intense feelings that are directed at someone or something. On the other hand, emotion can be used to refer to states that are mild (as in annoyed or content) and to states that are not directed at anything (as in anxiety and depression). One line of research thus looks at the meaning of the word emotion in everyday language and this usage is rather different from that in academic discourse. Another line of research asks about languages other than English, and one interesting finding is that many languages have a similar but not identical term

title: Emotion

title: Emotion

text: The

text: word

text: emotion

text: dates

text: back

text: to

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: adapted

text: from

text: the

text: French

text: word

text: émouvoir

text: which

text: means

text: to

text: stir

text: up

text: The

text: term

text: emotion

text: was

text: introduced

text: into

text: academic

text: discussion

text: to

text: replace

text: passion

text: According

text: to

text: one

text: dictionary

text: the

text: earliest

text: precursors

text: of

text: the

text: word

text: likely

text: dates

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: very

text: origins

text: of

text: language

text: The

text: modern

text: word

text: emotion

text: is

text: heterogeneous

text: In

text: some

text: uses

text: of

text: the

text: word

text: emotions

text: are

text: intense

text: feelings

text: that

text: are

text: directed

text: at

text: someone

text: or

text: something

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: emotion

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: refer

text: to

text: states

text: that

text: are

text: mild

text: as

text: in

text: annoyed

text: or

text: content

text: and

text: to

text: states

text: that

text: are

text: not

text: directed

text: at

text: anything

text: as

text: in

text: anxiety

text: and

text: depression

text: One

text: line

text: of

text: research

text: thus

text: looks

text: at

text: the

text: meaning

text: of

text: the

text: word

text: emotion

text: in

text: everyday

text: language

text: and

text: this

text: usage

text: is

text: rather

text: different

text: from

text: that

text: in

text: academic

text: discourse

text: Another

text: line

text: of

text: research

text: asks

text: about

text: languages

text: other

text: than

text: English

text: and

text: one

text: interesting

text: finding

text: is

text: that

text: many

text: languages

text: have

text: a

text: similar

text: but

text: not

text: identical

text: term

question: When did the word emotion enter the English language?

answer: 1579

question: From what French word is emotion derived?

answer: émouvoir

text: émouvoir

question: What does émouvoir mean in English?

answer: to stir up

text: to stir up

question: Prior to the introduction of the word emotion, what word was used in its place?

answer: passion

text: passion

question: Along with anxiety, what is an example of directionless emotion?

answer: depression

text: depression

question: When did the word emotion leave the English language?

question: From what English word is emotion derived?

text: émouvoir

question: What does émouvoir mean in Italian?

text: to stir up

question: Prior to the introduction of the word emotion, what word wasn't used in its place?

text: passion

question: Along with anxiety, what is not an example of directionless emotion?

text: depression


text: The historical study of Cubism began in the late 1920s, drawing at first from sources of limited data, namely the opinions of Guillaume Apollinaire. It came to rely heavily on Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler's book Der Weg zum Kubismus (published in 1920), which centered on the developments of Picasso, Braque, Léger, and Gris. The terms "analytical" and "synthetic" which subsequently emerged have been widely accepted since the mid-1930s. Both terms are historical impositions that occurred after the facts they identify. Neither phase was designated as such at the time corresponding works were created. "If Kahnweiler considers Cubism as Picasso and Braque," wrote Daniel Robbins, "our only fault is in subjecting other Cubists' works to the rigors of that limited definition."

title: Cubism

title: Cubism

text: The

text: historical

text: study

text: of

text: Cubism

text: began

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: drawing

text: at

text: first

text: from

text: sources

text: of

text: limited

text: data

text: namely

text: the

text: opinions

text: of

text: Guillaume

text: Apollinaire

text: It

text: came

text: to

text: rely

text: heavily

text: on

text: Daniel

text: Henry

text: Kahnweiler

text: 's

text: book

text: Der

text: Weg

text: zum

text: Kubismus

text: published

text: in

text: which

text: centered

text: on

text: the

text: developments

text: of

text: Picasso

text: Braque

text: Léger

text: and

text: Gris

text: The

text: terms

text: analytical

text: and

text: synthetic

text: which

text: subsequently

text: emerged

text: have

text: been

text: widely

text: accepted

text: since

text: the

text: Both

text: terms

text: are

text: historical

text: impositions

text: that

text: occurred

text: after

text: the

text: facts

text: they

text: identify

text: Neither

text: phase

text: was

text: designated

text: as

text: such

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: corresponding

text: works

text: were

text: created

text: If

text: Kahnweiler

text: considers

text: Cubism

text: as

text: Picasso

text: and

text: Braque

text: wrote

text: Daniel

text: Robbins

text: our

text: only

text: fault

text: is

text: in

text: subjecting

text: other

text: Cubists

text: works

text: to

text: the

text: rigors

text: of

text: that

text: limited

text: definition

question: When did the historical study of Cubism begin?

answer: in the late 1920s

text: in the late 1920s

question: On who's opinions were the beginnings of the this historical study of Cubism based?

answer: Guillaume Apollinaire

text: Guillaume Apollinaire

question: On which book and who was the author was one of the main sources of the historical study of Cubism based?

answer: Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler's book Der Weg zum Kubismus

text: Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler's book Der Weg zum Kubismus

question: When did the historical study of Cubism end?

question: What happened in the early 1920s?

text: historical study of Cubism began

question: On whose opinions were the end of the this historical study of Cubism based?

text: Guillaume Apollinaire

question: On which book and who was the author was one of the main sources of the historical study of non-Cubism based?

text: Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler's


text: The Red Cross Society of China flew 557 tents and 2,500 quilts valued at 788,000 yuan (US$113,000) to Wenchuan County. The Amity Foundation already began relief work in the region and has earmarked US$143,000 for disaster relief. The Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs said that they have provided 30,000 tents for those left homeless.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: The

text: Red

text: Cross

text: Society

text: of

text: China

text: flew

text: tents

text: and

text: quilts

text: valued

text: at

text: yuan

text: US$

text: to

text: Wenchuan

text: County

text: The

text: Amity

text: Foundation

text: already

text: began

text: relief

text: work

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: and

text: has

text: earmarked

text: US$

text: for

text: disaster

text: relief

text: The

text: Sichuan

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Civil

text: Affairs

text: said

text: that

text: they

text: have

text: provided

text: tents

text: for

text: those

text: left

text: homeless

question: How many tents were flown to the region?

answer: 557

question: How many quilts were flown to the region?

answer: 2,500

question: How much were both supplies worth?

answer: 788,000 yuan

text: 788,000 yuan

question: What county were the supplies flown to?

answer: Wenchuan County

text: Wenchuan County

question: How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry provide for the homeless?

answer: 30,000

question: What group took tents and quilts to Wenchuan county?

answer: Red Cross Society of China

text: Red Cross Society of China

question: How much has the Amity Foundation designated for disaster relief?

answer: US$143,000

question: How many tents did the Sichuan Ministry of Affairs provide?

answer: 30,000

question: What were all these tents and quilts for?

answer: those left homeless

text: those left homeless

question: What foundation had already begun relief work in the area?

answer: The Amity Foundation

text: The Amity Foundation


text: Northwestern is a large, residential research university. Accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools and the respective national professional organizations for chemistry, psychology, business, education, journalism, music, engineering, law, and medicine, the university offers 124 undergraduate programs and 145 graduate and professional programs. Northwestern conferred 2,190 bachelor's degrees, 3,272 master's degrees, 565 doctoral degrees, and 444 professional degrees in 2012–2013.

title: Northwestern_University

title: Northwestern_University

text: Northwestern

text: is

text: a

text: large

text: residential

text: research

text: university

text: Accredited

text: by

text: the

text: North

text: Central

text: Association

text: of

text: Colleges

text: and

text: Schools

text: and

text: the

text: respective

text: national

text: professional

text: organizations

text: for

text: chemistry

text: psychology

text: business

text: education

text: journalism

text: music

text: engineering

text: law

text: and

text: medicine

text: the

text: university

text: offers

text: undergraduate

text: programs

text: and

text: graduate

text: and

text: professional

text: programs

text: Northwestern

text: conferred

text: bachelor

text: 's

text: degrees

text: master

text: 's

text: degrees

text: doctoral

text: degrees

text: and

text: professional

text: degrees

text: in

question: How many undergraduate programs are offered by Northwestern?

answer: 124

question: How many graduate and professional programs are offered by Northwestern?

answer: 145

question: How many master's degrees did Northwestern confer during the 2012-2013 school term?

answer: 3,272

question: How many doctoral degrees did Northwestern confer during the 2012-2013 school term?

answer: 565

question: How many bachelor's degrees did Northwestern confer during the 2012-2013 school term?

answer: 2,190

question: How many undergraduate programs are offered by Southwestern?

question: How many graduate and professional programs are offered by Southwestern?

question: How many master's degrees did Northwestern confer during the 2013-2014 school term?

question: How many doctoral degrees did Northwestern confer during the 2014-2015 school term?

question: How many bachelor's degrees did Southwestern confer during the 2012-2013 school term?


text: Cotton remained a key crop in the Southern economy after emancipation and the end of the Civil War in 1865. Across the South, sharecropping evolved, in which landless black and white farmers worked land owned by others in return for a share of the profits. Some farmers rented the land and bore the production costs themselves. Until mechanical cotton pickers were developed, cotton farmers needed additional labor to hand-pick cotton. Picking cotton was a source of income for families across the South. Rural and small town school systems had split vacations so children could work in the fields during "cotton-picking."

title: Cotton

title: Cotton

text: Cotton

text: remained

text: a

text: key

text: crop

text: in

text: the

text: Southern

text: economy

text: after

text: emancipation

text: and

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: in

text: Across

text: the

text: South

text: sharecropping

text: evolved

text: in

text: which

text: landless

text: black

text: and

text: white

text: farmers

text: worked

text: land

text: owned

text: by

text: others

text: in

text: return

text: for

text: a

text: share

text: of

text: the

text: profits

text: Some

text: farmers

text: rented

text: the

text: land

text: and

text: bore

text: the

text: production

text: costs

text: themselves

text: Until

text: mechanical

text: cotton

text: pickers

text: were

text: developed

text: cotton

text: farmers

text: needed

text: additional

text: labor

text: to

text: hand

text: pick

text: cotton

text: Picking

text: cotton

text: was

text: a

text: source

text: of

text: income

text: for

text: families

text: across

text: the

text: South

text: Rural

text: and

text: small

text: town

text: school

text: systems

text: had

text: split

text: vacations

text: so

text: children

text: could

text: work

text: in

text: the

text: fields

text: during

text: cotton

text: picking

question: What was the procedure called which involved workers to work for a share of the profits?

answer: sharecropping

text: sharecropping

question: What difficulty in harvesting cotton required a large labor force?

answer: hand-pick

text: hand-pick

question: Besides adults what segment of the southern US population was involved in the harvesting of cotton?

answer: children

text: children

question: What function of southern schools was created for children to pick cotton?

answer: split vacations

text: split vacations

question: What part of the southern population worked as sharecroppers?

answer: landless

text: landless

question: What was the procedure called which involved the South to work for a share of the profits?

text: sharecropping

question: What difficulty in harvesting cotton required a larger economy?

text: hand-pick

question: Besides adults what segment of the southern US population was involved in school systems?

text: children

question: What function of southern schools was created for adults to pick cotton?

text: split vacations

question: What part of the southern population worked as farmers?

text: landless


text: Foot resigned and was replaced as leader by Neil Kinnock, with Roy Hattersley as his deputy. The new leadership progressively dropped unpopular policies. The miners strike of 1984–85 over coal mine closures, for which miners' leader Arthur Scargill was blamed, and the Wapping dispute led to clashes with the left of the party, and negative coverage in most of the press. Tabloid vilification of the so-called loony left continued to taint the parliamentary party by association from the activities of 'extra-parliamentary' militants in local government.

title: Labour_Party_(UK)

title: Labour_Party_(UK

text: Foot

text: resigned

text: and

text: was

text: replaced

text: as

text: leader

text: by

text: Neil

text: Kinnock

text: with

text: Roy

text: Hattersley

text: as

text: his

text: deputy

text: The

text: new

text: leadership

text: progressively

text: dropped

text: unpopular

text: policies

text: The

text: miners

text: strike

text: of

text: over

text: coal

text: mine

text: closures

text: for

text: which

text: miners

text: leader

text: Arthur

text: Scargill

text: was

text: blamed

text: and

text: the

text: Wapping

text: dispute

text: led

text: to

text: clashes

text: with

text: the

text: left

text: of

text: the

text: party

text: and

text: negative

text: coverage

text: in

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: press

text: Tabloid

text: vilification

text: of

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: loony

text: left

text: continued

text: to

text: taint

text: the

text: parliamentary

text: party

text: by

text: association

text: from

text: the

text: activities

text: of

text: extra

text: parliamentary

text: militants

text: in

text: local

text: government

question: Who was Foot replaced by?

answer: Neil Kinnock

text: Neil Kinnock

question: Who was Neil Knnocks deputy?

answer: Roy Hattersley

text: Roy Hattersley

question: What years were the miners strike?

answer: 1984–85

question: What was the name of the miner's leader that was blamed for the strike?

answer: Arthur Scargill

text: Arthur Scargill

question: Who was replaced as a leader by Foot?

text: Neil Kinnock

question: Who was Foot's deputy?

text: Roy Hattersley

question: When was the lorry driver's strike?

question: Who was blamed for the lorry driver's strike?

text: Arthur Scargill

question: What did tabloid vilification of the right do?

text: taint the parliamentary party


text: In 1928, Laemmle, Sr. made his son, Carl, Jr. head of Universal Pictures as a 21st birthday present. Universal already had a reputation for nepotism—at one time, 70 of Carl, Sr.'s relatives were supposedly on the payroll. Many of them were nephews, resulting in Carl, Sr. being known around the studios as "Uncle Carl." Ogden Nash famously quipped in rhyme, "Uncle Carl Laemmle/Has a very large faemmle." Among these relatives was future Academy Award winning director/producer William Wyler.

title: Universal_Studios

title: Universal_Studios

text: In

text: Laemmle

text: Sr

text: made

text: his

text: son

text: Carl

text: Jr.

text: head

text: of

text: Universal

text: Pictures

text: as

text: a

text: birthday

text: present

text: Universal

text: already

text: had

text: a

text: reputation

text: for

text: nepotism

text: at

text: one

text: time

text: of

text: Carl

text: Sr

text: 's

text: relatives

text: were

text: supposedly

text: on

text: the

text: payroll

text: Many

text: of

text: them

text: were

text: nephews

text: resulting

text: in

text: Carl

text: Sr

text: being

text: known

text: around

text: the

text: studios

text: as

text: Uncle

text: Carl

text: Ogden

text: Nash

text: famously

text: quipped

text: in

text: rhyme

text: Uncle

text: Carl

text: Laemmle

text: Has

text: a

text: very

text: large

text: faemmle

text: Among

text: these

text: relatives

text: was

text: future

text: Academy

text: Award

text: winning

text: director

text: producer

text: William

text: Wyler

question: How many of Carl Laemmle, Sr.'s relatives were working for Universal as of 1928?

answer: 70

question: What was Carl Laemmle, Sr.'s nickname at Universal?

answer: Uncle Carl

text: Uncle Carl

question: What poet wrote a notable rhyme about Laemmle?

answer: Ogden Nash

text: Ogden Nash

question: At what age did Carl Laemmle, Jr. become president of Universal?

answer: 21

question: What Academy Award-winning director was a relative of Carl Laemmle's?

answer: William Wyler

text: William Wyler

question: Who become head of Universal Pictures in 1921?

text: Carl, Jr.

question: How many relatives of Laemmle Sr. were on the payroll in 1928?

question: What did Nash Ogden say about Uncle Carl?

question: Who was Wyler William related to?

text: Laemmle, Sr


text: Madonna holds the record for the most number-ones on all combined Billboard charts, including twelve number-one songs on the Billboard Hot 100 and eight number-one albums on the Billboard 200. With 45 songs topping the Hot Dance Club Songs chart, Madonna became the artist with the most number-one songs on an active Billboard chart, pulling ahead of George Strait with 44 number-one songs on the Hot Country Songs chart. She has also scored 38 top-ten singles on the Hot 100, more than any other artist in history. In 2008, Billboard magazine ranked her at number two, behind The Beatles, on the Billboard Hot 100 All-Time Top Artists, making her the most successful solo artist in the history of American singles chart.

title: Madonna_(entertainer)

title: Madonna_(entertainer

text: Madonna

text: holds

text: the

text: record

text: for

text: the

text: most

text: number

text: ones

text: on

text: all

text: combined

text: Billboard

text: charts

text: including

text: twelve

text: number

text: one

text: songs

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: and

text: eight

text: number

text: one

text: albums

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: With

text: songs

text: topping

text: the

text: Hot

text: Dance

text: Club

text: Songs

text: chart

text: Madonna

text: became

text: the

text: artist

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: number

text: one

text: songs

text: on

text: an

text: active

text: Billboard

text: chart

text: pulling

text: ahead

text: of

text: George

text: Strait

text: with

text: number

text: one

text: songs

text: on

text: the

text: Hot

text: Country

text: Songs

text: chart

text: She

text: has

text: also

text: scored

text: top

text: ten

text: singles

text: on

text: the

text: Hot

text: more

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: artist

text: in

text: history

text: In

text: Billboard

text: magazine

text: ranked

text: her

text: at

text: number

text: two

text: behind

text: The

text: Beatles

text: on

text: the

text: Billboard

text: Hot

text: All

text: Time

text: Top

text: Artists

text: making

text: her

text: the

text: most

text: successful

text: solo

text: artist

text: in

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: American

text: singles

text: chart

question: Who holds the record for the most number 1 hits?

answer: Madonna

text: Madonna

question: How many songs does Madonna have on the Hot Dance Club Songs Chart?

answer: 45

question: Who has the most number one songs in an active BiIlboard chart?

answer: Madonna

text: Madonna

question: How many top 10 singles on the Hot 100 does Madonna have?

answer: 38

question: Who is the most successful solo artist in the history of American singles chart?

answer: Madonna

text: Madonna


text: In 1983, the Church issued a new code of canon law. Unlike its predecessor, the 1983 Code of Canon Law did not explicitly name Masonic orders among the secret societies it condemns. It states: "A person who joins an association which plots against the Church is to be punished with a just penalty; one who promotes or takes office in such an association is to be punished with an interdict." This named omission of Masonic orders caused both Catholics and Freemasons to believe that the ban on Catholics becoming Freemasons may have been lifted, especially after the perceived liberalisation of Vatican II. However, the matter was clarified when Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger (later Pope Benedict XVI), as the Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, issued a Declaration on Masonic Associations, which states: "... the Church's negative judgment in regard to Masonic association remains unchanged since their principles have always been considered irreconcilable with the doctrine of the Church and therefore membership in them remains forbidden. The faithful who enroll in Masonic associations are in a state of grave sin and may not receive Holy Communion." For its part, Freemasonry has never objected to Catholics joining their fraternity. Those Grand Lodges in amity with UGLE deny the Church's claims. The UGLE now states that "Freemasonry does not seek to replace a Mason's religion or provide a substitute for it."

title: Freemasonry

title: Freemasonry

text: In

text: the

text: Church

text: issued

text: a

text: new

text: code

text: of

text: canon

text: law

text: Unlike

text: its

text: predecessor

text: the

text: Code

text: of

text: Canon

text: Law

text: did

text: not

text: explicitly

text: name

text: Masonic

text: orders

text: among

text: the

text: secret

text: societies

text: it

text: condemns

text: It

text: states

text: A

text: person

text: who

text: joins

text: an

text: association

text: which

text: plots

text: against

text: the

text: Church

text: is

text: to

text: be

text: punished

text: with

text: a

text: just

text: penalty

text: one

text: who

text: promotes

text: or

text: takes

text: office

text: in

text: such

text: an

text: association

text: is

text: to

text: be

text: punished

text: with

text: an

text: interdict

text: This

text: named

text: omission

text: of

text: Masonic

text: orders

text: caused

text: both

text: Catholics

text: and

text: Freemasons

text: to

text: believe

text: that

text: the

text: ban

text: on

text: Catholics

text: becoming

text: Freemasons

text: may

text: have

text: been

text: lifted

text: especially

text: after

text: the

text: perceived

text: liberalisation

text: of

text: Vatican

text: II

text: However

text: the

text: matter

text: was

text: clarified

text: when

text: Cardinal

text: Joseph

text: Ratzinger

text: later

text: Pope

text: Benedict

text: XVI

text: as

text: the

text: Prefect

text: of

text: the

text: Congregation

text: for

text: the

text: Doctrine

text: of

text: the

text: Faith

text: issued

text: a

text: Declaration

text: on

text: Masonic

text: Associations

text: which

text: states

text: the

text: Church

text: 's

text: negative

text: judgment

text: in

text: regard

text: to

text: Masonic

text: association

text: remains

text: unchanged

text: since

text: their

text: principles

text: have

text: always

text: been

text: considered

text: irreconcilable

text: with

text: the

text: doctrine

text: of

text: the

text: Church

text: and

text: therefore

text: membership

text: in

text: them

text: remains

text: forbidden

text: The

text: faithful

text: who

text: enroll

text: in

text: Masonic

text: associations

text: are

text: in

text: a

text: state

text: of

text: grave

text: sin

text: and

text: may

text: not

text: receive

text: Holy

text: Communion

text: For

text: its

text: part

text: Freemasonry

text: has

text: never

text: objected

text: to

text: Catholics

text: joining

text: their

text: fraternity

text: Those

text: Grand

text: Lodges

text: in

text: amity

text: with

text: UGLE

text: deny

text: the

text: Church

text: 's

text: claims

text: The

text: UGLE

text: now

text: states

text: that

text: Freemasonry

text: does

text: not

text: seek

text: to

text: replace

text: a

text: Mason

text: 's

text: religion

text: or

text: provide

text: a

text: substitute

text: for

text: it

question: In what year was a new code to the Canon Law issued by the church?

answer: 1983

question: Who clarified the new code of Canon law of 1983?

answer: Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger

text: Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger

question: Do Freemasons allow Catholics into their fraternity?

answer: Freemasonry has never objected to Catholics joining their fraternity

text: Freemasonry has never objected to Catholics joining their fraternity

question: What year was an old code to the Canon Law issued by the church?

question: Who clarified the new code of Canon law of 1973?

text: Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger

question: Why are Catholics not allowed into Freemasonry?

question: Which lodges are never in amity with UGLE?

text: Grand Lodges


text: The Czech dialects spoken in Moravia and Silesia are known as Moravian (moravština). In the Austro-Hungarian Empire, "Bohemian-Moravian-Slovak" was a language citizens could register as speaking (with German, Polish and several others). Of the Czech dialects, only Moravian is distinguished in nationwide surveys by the Czech Statistical Office. As of 2011, 62,908 Czech citizens spoke Moravian as their first language and 45,561 were diglossal (speaking Moravian and standard Czech as first languages).

title: Czech_language

title: Czech_language

text: The

text: Czech

text: dialects

text: spoken

text: in

text: Moravia

text: and

text: Silesia

text: are

text: known

text: as

text: Moravian

text: moravština

text: In

text: the

text: Austro

text: Hungarian

text: Empire

text: Bohemian

text: Moravian

text: Slovak

text: was

text: a

text: language

text: citizens

text: could

text: register

text: as

text: speaking

text: with

text: German

text: Polish

text: and

text: several

text: others

text: Of

text: the

text: Czech

text: dialects

text: only

text: Moravian

text: is

text: distinguished

text: in

text: nationwide

text: surveys

text: by

text: the

text: Czech

text: Statistical

text: Office

text: As

text: of

text: Czech

text: citizens

text: spoke

text: Moravian

text: as

text: their

text: first

text: language

text: and

text: were

text: diglossal

text: speaking

text: Moravian

text: and

text: standard

text: Czech

text: as

text: first

text: languages

question: What are the dialects spoken in Moravia and Silesia known as?

answer: Moravian

text: Moravian

question: Where could citizens register "Bohemian-Moravian-Slovak' as being their spoken language?

answer: the Austro-Hungarian Empire

text: the Austro-Hungarian Empire

question: Which of the Czech dialects is the only one distinguished in the nationwide surveys by the Czech Statistical Office?

answer: Moravian

text: Moravian

question: How many Czechs spoke Moravian as their first language as of 2011?

answer: 62,908

question: How many Czechs spoke both Moravian and standard Czech as first languages in 2011?

answer: 45,561

question: How many Czech citizens spoke German as their first language in 2011?

question: How many people spoke German and Hungarian as first languages in 2011?

question: What is it called when you speak both German and Hungarian as your first language?

text: diglossal

question: What are the Czech dialects spoken in Germany known as?

text: Moravian

question: In the German Empire, what language could you register as speaking?

text: "Bohemian-Moravian-Slovak"


text: In his book The Crucifixion of Jesus, physician and forensic pathologist Frederick Zugibe studied the likely circumstances of the death of Jesus in great detail. Zugibe carried out a number of experiments over several years to test his theories while he was a medical examiner. These studies included experiments in which volunteers with specific weights were hanging at specific angles and the amount of pull on each hand was measured, in cases where the feet were also secured or not. In these cases the amount of pull and the corresponding pain was found to be significant.

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

text: In

text: his

text: book

text: The

text: Crucifixion

text: of

text: Jesus

text: physician

text: and

text: forensic

text: pathologist

text: Frederick

text: Zugibe

text: studied

text: the

text: likely

text: circumstances

text: of

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Jesus

text: in

text: great

text: detail

text: Zugibe

text: carried

text: out

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: experiments

text: over

text: several

text: years

text: to

text: test

text: his

text: theories

text: while

text: he

text: was

text: a

text: medical

text: examiner

text: These

text: studies

text: included

text: experiments

text: in

text: which

text: volunteers

text: with

text: specific

text: weights

text: were

text: hanging

text: at

text: specific

text: angles

text: and

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: pull

text: on

text: each

text: hand

text: was

text: measured

text: in

text: cases

text: where

text: the

text: feet

text: were

text: also

text: secured

text: or

text: not

text: In

text: these

text: cases

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: pull

text: and

text: the

text: corresponding

text: pain

text: was

text: found

text: to

text: be

text: significant

question: Who wrote The Crucifixion of Jesus?

answer: Frederick Zugibe

text: Frederick Zugibe

question: What did Frederick Zugibe study in detail for this book?

answer: the likely circumstances of the death of Jesus

text: the likely circumstances of the death of Jesus

question: How did Zugibe try to prove his theories?

answer: carried out a number of experiments over several years

text: carried out a number of experiments over several years

question: What kind of experiments did Zugibe run?

answer: experiments in which volunteers with specific weights were hanging

text: experiments in which volunteers with specific weights were hanging

question: What specifics were recorded in his experiments?

answer: amount of pull and the corresponding pain

text: amount of pull and the corresponding pain

question: What book was written by volunteers?

text: The Crucifixion of Jesus

question: What did volunteers study to write the book about Jesus' crucifixion?

question: How did volunteers study how Jesus died?

text: in great detail

question: In what way did volunteers hang Zugibe during the experiments?

text: at specific angles

question: What did volunteers find increased in Zugibe depending on if his feet were secured?


text: The Second Sino-Japanese War was soon followed by the resumed Chinese Civil War, and the cities of East China fell to the Communists one after another, the Kuomintang government again tried to make Sichuan its stronghold on the mainland, although it already saw some Communist activity since it was one area on the road of the Long March. Chiang Kai-Shek himself flew to Chongqing from Taiwan in November 1949 to lead the defense. But the same month Chongqing fell to the Communists, followed by Chengdu on 10 December. The Kuomintang general Wang Sheng wanted to stay behind with his troops to continue anticommunist guerilla war in Sichuan, but was recalled to Taiwan. Many of his soldiers made their way there as well, via Burma.

title: Sichuan

title: Sichuan

text: The

text: Second

text: Sino

text: Japanese

text: War

text: was

text: soon

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: resumed

text: Chinese

text: Civil

text: War

text: and

text: the

text: cities

text: of

text: East

text: China

text: fell

text: to

text: the

text: Communists

text: one

text: after

text: another

text: the

text: Kuomintang

text: government

text: again

text: tried

text: to

text: make

text: Sichuan

text: its

text: stronghold

text: on

text: the

text: mainland

text: although

text: it

text: already

text: saw

text: some

text: Communist

text: activity

text: since

text: it

text: was

text: one

text: area

text: on

text: the

text: road

text: of

text: the

text: Long

text: March

text: Chiang

text: Kai

text: Shek

text: himself

text: flew

text: to

text: Chongqing

text: from

text: Taiwan

text: in

text: November

text: to

text: lead

text: the

text: defense

text: But

text: the

text: same

text: month

text: Chongqing

text: fell

text: to

text: the

text: Communists

text: followed

text: by

text: Chengdu

text: on

text: December

text: The

text: Kuomintang

text: general

text: Wang

text: Sheng

text: wanted

text: to

text: stay

text: behind

text: with

text: his

text: troops

text: to

text: continue

text: anticommunist

text: guerilla

text: war

text: in

text: Sichuan

text: but

text: was

text: recalled

text: to

text: Taiwan

text: Many

text: of

text: his

text: soldiers

text: made

text: their

text: way

text: there

text: as

text: well

text: via

text: Burma

question: What group was the main antagonist during the Chinese Civil War?

answer: the Communists

text: the Communists

question: Who led the defense of Chongqing in November 1949?

answer: Chiang Kai-Shek

text: Chiang Kai-Shek

question: On what date in 1949 did Chengdu fall to the communists?

answer: 10 December

text: 10 December

question: Why did Sichuan see some communist activity?

answer: it was one area on the road of the Long March

text: it was one area on the road of the Long March

question: What resumed after the First Sino-Japanese War?

text: Chinese Civil War

question: What happened to the cities of west China?

text: fell to the Communists

question: What government fled sichuan again?

text: Kuomintang

question: Who flew from Chongqing to Tawian to lead the defense in 1949?

text: Chiang Kai-Shek

question: What other city fell following the fall of Chendu?

text: Chongqing

question: What group was the on the defense during the Chinese Civil War?

text: the Communists

question: Who led the defense of Burma in November 1949?

text: Chiang Kai-Shek

question: On what date in 1949 did Changdu fall to Chiang Kai-Shek?

text: 10 December

question: Why did Sichuan see some strongholds on the mainland?

question: Which government tried to make Burma its stronghold?

text: Kuomintang


text: On September 22, 1980, the Iraqi army invaded the Iranian Khuzestan, and the Iran–Iraq War began. Although the forces of Saddam Hussein made several early advances, by mid 1982, the Iranian forces successfully managed to drive the Iraqi army back into Iraq. In July 1982, with Iraq thrown on the defensive, Iran took the decision to invade Iraq and conducted countless offensives in a bid to conquer Iraqi territory and capture cities, such as Basra. The war continued until 1988, when the Iraqi army defeated the Iranian forces inside Iraq and pushed the remaining Iranian troops back across the border. Subsequently, Khomeini accepted a truce mediated by the UN. The total Iranian casualties in the war were estimated to be 123,220–160,000 KIA, 60,711 MIA, and 11,000–16,000 civilians killed.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: On

text: September

text: the

text: Iraqi

text: army

text: invaded

text: the

text: Iranian

text: Khuzestan

text: and

text: the

text: Iran

text: Iraq

text: War

text: began

text: Although

text: the

text: forces

text: of

text: Saddam

text: Hussein

text: made

text: several

text: early

text: advances

text: by

text: mid

text: the

text: Iranian

text: forces

text: successfully

text: managed

text: to

text: drive

text: the

text: Iraqi

text: army

text: back

text: into

text: Iraq

text: In

text: July

text: with

text: Iraq

text: thrown

text: on

text: the

text: defensive

text: Iran

text: took

text: the

text: decision

text: to

text: invade

text: Iraq

text: and

text: conducted

text: countless

text: offensives

text: in

text: a

text: bid

text: to

text: conquer

text: Iraqi

text: territory

text: and

text: capture

text: cities

text: such

text: as

text: Basra

text: The

text: war

text: continued

text: until

text: when

text: the

text: Iraqi

text: army

text: defeated

text: the

text: Iranian

text: forces

text: inside

text: Iraq

text: and

text: pushed

text: the

text: remaining

text: Iranian

text: troops

text: back

text: across

text: the

text: border

text: Subsequently

text: Khomeini

text: accepted

text: a

text: truce

text: mediated

text: by

text: the

text: UN

text: The

text: total

text: Iranian

text: casualties

text: in

text: the

text: war

text: were

text: estimated

text: to

text: be

text: KIA

text: MIA

text: and

text: civilians

text: killed

question: Who invaded Iran in 1980?

answer: the Iraqi army

text: the Iraqi army

question: When did the Iranian army push the Iraqis back into Iraq?

answer: mid 1982

text: mid 1982

question: When did the Iran-Iraq War finally end?

answer: 1988

question: Who mediated the truce which ended the Iran-Iraq War?

answer: the UN

text: the UN

question: How many civilians in Iran were killed during the Iran-Iraq War?

answer: 11,000–16,000


text: Florida is served by Amtrak, operating numerous lines throughout, connecting the state's largest cities to points north in the United States and Canada. The busiest Amtrak train stations in Florida in 2011 were: Sanford (259,944), Orlando (179,142), Tampa Union Station (140,785), Miami (94,556), and Jacksonville (74,733). Sanford, in Greater Orlando, is the southern terminus of the Auto Train, which originates at Lorton, Virginia, south of Washington, D.C.. Until 2005, Orlando was also the eastern terminus of the Sunset Limited, which travels across the southern United States via New Orleans, Houston, and San Antonio to its western terminus of Los Angeles. Florida is served by two additional Amtrak trains (the Silver Star and the Silver Meteor), which operate between New York City and Miami. Miami Central Station, the city's rapid transit, commuter rail, intercity rail, and bus hub, is under construction.

title: Florida

title: Florida

text: Florida

text: is

text: served

text: by

text: Amtrak

text: operating

text: numerous

text: lines

text: throughout

text: connecting

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: largest

text: cities

text: to

text: points

text: north

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Canada

text: The

text: busiest

text: Amtrak

text: train

text: stations

text: in

text: Florida

text: in

text: were

text: Sanford

text: Orlando

text: Tampa

text: Union

text: Station

text: Miami

text: and

text: Jacksonville

text: Sanford

text: in

text: Greater

text: Orlando

text: is

text: the

text: southern

text: terminus

text: of

text: the

text: Auto

text: Train

text: which

text: originates

text: at

text: Lorton

text: Virginia

text: south

text: of

text: Washington

text: D.C

text: Until

text: Orlando

text: was

text: also

text: the

text: eastern

text: terminus

text: of

text: the

text: Sunset

text: Limited

text: which

text: travels

text: across

text: the

text: southern

text: United

text: States

text: via

text: New

text: Orleans

text: Houston

text: and

text: San

text: Antonio

text: to

text: its

text: western

text: terminus

text: of

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Florida

text: is

text: served

text: by

text: two

text: additional

text: Amtrak

text: trains

text: the

text: Silver

text: Star

text: and

text: the

text: Silver

text: Meteor

text: which

text: operate

text: between

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: and

text: Miami

text: Miami

text: Central

text: Station

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: rapid

text: transit

text: commuter

text: rail

text: intercity

text: rail

text: and

text: bus

text: hub

text: is

text: under

text: construction

question: What train line connects florida to the North

answer: Amtrak, operating numerous lines throughout, connecting the state's largest cities to points north in the United States and Canada

text: Amtrak, operating numerous lines throughout, connecting the state's largest cities to points north in the United States and Canada

question: Where does the Auto train originate

answer: Auto Train, which originates at Lorton, Virginia, south of Washington, D.C

text: Auto Train, which originates at Lorton, Virginia, south of Washington, D.C

question: Who does sunset limited service

answer: Sunset Limited, which travels across the southern United States via New Orleans, Houston, and San Antonio to its western terminus of Los Angeles

text: Sunset Limited, which travels across the southern United States via New Orleans, Houston, and San Antonio to its western terminus of Los Angeles

question: Two othe ramtrak trains that serve Florida

answer: Amtrak trains (the Silver Star and the Silver Meteor), which operate between New York City and Miami

text: Amtrak trains (the Silver Star and the Silver Meteor), which operate between New York City and Miami

question: What train line connects florida to the south?

text: Amtrak

question: Where does the Auto train end?

text: Lorton, Virginia

question: What service started in 2005?

text: Sunset Limited

question: What was the busiest Amtrak train station in 2010?

text: Sanford

question: What was the least busy Amtrak station in 2011?

text: Sanford


text: The Café Procope was established in Paris in 1686; by the 1720s there were around 400 cafés in the city. The Café Procope in particular became a center of Enlightenment, welcoming such celebrities as Voltaire and Rousseau. The Café Procope was where Diderot and D'Alembert decided to create the Encyclopédie. The cafés were one of the various "nerve centers" for bruits publics, public noise or rumour. These bruits were allegedly a much better source of information than were the actual newspapers available at the time.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: The

text: Café

text: Procope

text: was

text: established

text: in

text: Paris

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: there

text: were

text: around

text: cafés

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: The

text: Café

text: Procope

text: in

text: particular

text: became

text: a

text: center

text: of

text: Enlightenment

text: welcoming

text: such

text: celebrities

text: as

text: Voltaire

text: and

text: Rousseau

text: The

text: Café

text: Procope

text: was

text: where

text: Diderot

text: and

text: D'Alembert

text: decided

text: to

text: create

text: the

text: Encyclopédie

text: The

text: cafés

text: were

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: various

text: nerve

text: centers

text: for

text: bruits

text: publics

text: public

text: noise

text: or

text: rumour

text: These

text: bruits

text: were

text: allegedly

text: a

text: much

text: better

text: source

text: of

text: information

text: than

text: were

text: the

text: actual

text: newspapers

text: available

text: at

text: the

text: time

question: Where was the Cafe Procope established in 1686?

answer: Paris

text: Paris

question: By the 1720s. how many cafes were in Paris?

answer: around 400

text: around 400

question: In which Cafe was the Encyclopedie created?

answer: The Café Procope

text: The Café Procope

question: Were bruits or newspapers allegedly a better source of information?

answer: bruits

text: bruits


text: In an influential 1988 paper, Timothy Rowe defined Mammalia phylogenetically as the crown group mammals, the clade consisting of the most recent common ancestor of living monotremes (echidnas and platypuses) and therian mammals (marsupials and placentals) and all descendants of that ancestor. Since this ancestor lived in the Jurassic period, Rowe's definition excludes all animals from the earlier Triassic, despite the fact that Triassic fossils in the Haramiyida have been referred to the Mammalia since the mid-19th century.

title: Mammal

title: Mammal

text: In

text: an

text: influential

text: paper

text: Timothy

text: Rowe

text: defined

text: Mammalia

text: phylogenetically

text: as

text: the

text: crown

text: group

text: mammals

text: the

text: clade

text: consisting

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: recent

text: common

text: ancestor

text: of

text: living

text: monotremes

text: echidnas

text: and

text: platypuses

text: and

text: therian

text: mammals

text: marsupials

text: and

text: placentals

text: and

text: all

text: descendants

text: of

text: that

text: ancestor

text: Since

text: this

text: ancestor

text: lived

text: in

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: period

text: Rowe

text: 's

text: definition

text: excludes

text: all

text: animals

text: from

text: the

text: earlier

text: Triassic

text: despite

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: Triassic

text: fossils

text: in

text: the

text: Haramiyida

text: have

text: been

text: referred

text: to

text: the

text: Mammalia

text: since

text: the

text: century

question: Who defined mammalian as the crown group mammals?

answer: Timothy Rowe

text: Timothy Rowe

question: By Rowe's definition, when did he start to exclude animals?

answer: Triassic

text: Triassic

question: Which group do marsupials and placentals belong to?

answer: therian mammals

text: therian mammals

question: How did Timothy Rowe define Mammalia in the mid 19th century?

text: the crown group mammals

question: What are two examples of the most recent ancestor of the Jurassic period?

text: (echidnas and platypuses)

question: In what period did mammals live?

text: the Jurassic period

question: For how long have Juassic fossils been referred to the Mammalia?

text: since the mid-19th century

question: What is one thing Triassic fossils are shown to consist of according to a 19th century paper?


text: In 1845, Ireland was hit by a potato blight. In the next four years over a million Irish people died and another million emigrated in what became known as the Great Famine. In Ireland, Victoria was labelled "The Famine Queen". She personally donated £2,000 to famine relief, more than any other individual donor, and also supported the Maynooth Grant to a Roman Catholic seminary in Ireland, despite Protestant opposition. The story that she donated only £5 in aid to the Irish, and on the same day gave the same amount to Battersea Dogs Home, was a myth generated towards the end of the 19th century.

title: Queen_Victoria

title: Queen_Victoria

text: In

text: Ireland

text: was

text: hit

text: by

text: a

text: potato

text: blight

text: In

text: the

text: next

text: four

text: years

text: over

text: a

text: million

text: Irish

text: people

text: died

text: and

text: another

text: million

text: emigrated

text: in

text: what

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Great

text: Famine

text: In

text: Ireland

text: Victoria

text: was

text: labelled

text: The

text: Famine

text: Queen

text: She

text: personally

text: donated

text: to

text: famine

text: relief

text: more

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: individual

text: donor

text: and

text: also

text: supported

text: the

text: Maynooth

text: Grant

text: to

text: a

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: seminary

text: in

text: Ireland

text: despite

text: Protestant

text: opposition

text: The

text: story

text: that

text: she

text: donated

text: only

text: in

text: aid

text: to

text: the

text: Irish

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: same

text: day

text: gave

text: the

text: same

text: amount

text: to

text: Battersea

text: Dogs

text: Home

text: was

text: a

text: myth

text: generated

text: towards

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

question: What year was the potato blight in Ireland?

answer: 1845

question: How long did the Great Famine last?

answer: four years

text: four years

question: How many Irish people died during the Great Famine?

answer: over a million

text: over a million

question: What was the label given to Queen Victoria during the Great Famine?

answer: The Famine Queen

text: The Famine Queen

question: How much money did Victoria donate to famine relief?

answer: £2,000

question: What crisis struck Ireland during 1845?

answer: potato blight

text: potato blight

question: How many people died during the Great Famine in Ireland?

answer: over a million

text: over a million

question: What was Queen Victoria called in Ireland during the Great Famine?

answer: The Famine Queen

text: The Famine Queen

question: What story was later proven false about Victoria during the Great Famine?

answer: that she donated only £5 in aid to the Irish, and on the same day gave the same amount to Battersea Dogs Home

text: that she donated only £5 in aid to the Irish, and on the same day gave the same amount to Battersea Dogs Home

question: How much did Queen Victoria actually donate to support relief in Ireland, making her the top individual donor?

answer: £2,000

question: What happened that decimated a large portion of Ireland?

answer: potato blight

text: potato blight

question: When did the potato blight begin?

answer: 1845

question: How many people did Ireland lose to the potato blight?

answer: a million

text: a million

question: What did the potato blight cause Victoria to be called?

answer: The Famine Queen

text: The Famine Queen

question: How much did Victoria donate to Ireland to help with famine relief?

answer: £2,000

question: What year was the potato blight in Scotland?

question: How long didn't the Great Famine last?

text: four years

question: How many Irish people lived during the Great Famine?

text: over a million

question: What was the label given to Queen Victoria during the Great Feast?

text: The Famine Queen

question: How much money did Victoria donate to war relief?


text: The BYU Ballroom Dance Company is known as one of the best formation ballroom dance teams in the world, having won the U.S. National Formation Dance Championship every year since 1982. BYU's Ballroom dance team has won first place in Latin or Standard (or both) many times when they have competed at the Blackpool Dance Festival, and they were the first U.S. team to win the formation championships at the famed British Championships in Blackpool, England in 1972 . The NDCA National DanceSport championships have been held at BYU for several years, and BYU holds dozens of ballroom dance classes each semester and is consequently the largest collegiate ballroom dance program in the world. In addition, BYU has a number of other notable dance teams and programs. These teams include the Theatre Ballet, Contemporary Dance Theatre, Living Legends, and International Folk Dance Ensemble. The Living Legends perform Latin, Native American, and Polynesian dancing. BYU boasts one of the largest dance departments in the nation. Many students from all different majors across campus participate in various dance classes each semester.

title: Brigham_Young_University

title: Brigham_Young_University

text: The

text: BYU

text: Ballroom

text: Dance

text: Company

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: best

text: formation

text: ballroom

text: dance

text: teams

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: having

text: won

text: the

text: U.S.

text: National

text: Formation

text: Dance

text: Championship

text: every

text: year

text: since

text: BYU

text: 's

text: Ballroom

text: dance

text: team

text: has

text: won

text: first

text: place

text: in

text: Latin

text: or

text: Standard

text: or

text: both

text: many

text: times

text: when

text: they

text: have

text: competed

text: at

text: the

text: Blackpool

text: Dance

text: Festival

text: and

text: they

text: were

text: the

text: first

text: U.S.

text: team

text: to

text: win

text: the

text: formation

text: championships

text: at

text: the

text: famed

text: British

text: Championships

text: in

text: Blackpool

text: England

text: in

text: The

text: NDCA

text: National

text: DanceSport

text: championships

text: have

text: been

text: held

text: at

text: BYU

text: for

text: several

text: years

text: and

text: BYU

text: holds

text: dozens

text: of

text: ballroom

text: dance

text: classes

text: each

text: semester

text: and

text: is

text: consequently

text: the

text: largest

text: collegiate

text: ballroom

text: dance

text: program

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: In

text: addition

text: BYU

text: has

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: notable

text: dance

text: teams

text: and

text: programs

text: These

text: teams

text: include

text: the

text: Theatre

text: Ballet

text: Contemporary

text: Dance

text: Theatre

text: Living

text: Legends

text: and

text: International

text: Folk

text: Dance

text: Ensemble

text: The

text: Living

text: Legends

text: perform

text: Latin

text: Native

text: American

text: and

text: Polynesian

text: dancing

text: BYU

text: boasts

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: dance

text: departments

text: in

text: the

text: nation

text: Many

text: students

text: from

text: all

text: different

text: majors

text: across

text: campus

text: participate

text: in

text: various

text: dance

text: classes

text: each

text: semester

question: What BYU group is known as one of the best formation ballroom dance teams in the world?

answer: Ballroom Dance Company

text: Ballroom Dance Company

question: What dance championships have been held at BYU for several years?

answer: NDCA National DanceSport

text: NDCA National DanceSport

question: How is BYU's collegiate ballroom dance program rated worldwide?

answer: the largest

text: the largest

question: What types of dancing are performed by BYU's The Living Legends?

answer: Latin, Native American, and Polynesian

text: Latin, Native American, and Polynesian

question: Who has won the U.S. National Formation Dance Championship every year since 1972?

text: The BYU Ballroom Dance Company

question: Who was the first team to win the formation championships in 1982?

text: The BYU Ballroom Dance Company

question: Who has the largest dance department in the nation?

text: BYU

question: Where has the NCDA National DanceSport championships been held?

text: BYU


text: "Data on ethnic groups are important for putting into effect a number of federal statutes (i.e., enforcing bilingual election rules under the Voting Rights Act; monitoring and enforcing equal employment opportunities under the Civil Rights Act). Data on Ethnic Groups are also needed by local governments to run programs and meet legislative requirements (i.e., identifying segments of the population who may not be receiving medical services under the Public Health Act; evaluating whether financial institutions are meeting the credit needs of minority populations under the Community Reinvestment Act)."

title: Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census

text: Data

text: on

text: ethnic

text: groups

text: are

text: important

text: for

text: putting

text: into

text: effect

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: federal

text: statutes

text: i.e.

text: enforcing

text: bilingual

text: election

text: rules

text: under

text: the

text: Voting

text: Rights

text: Act

text: monitoring

text: and

text: enforcing

text: equal

text: employment

text: opportunities

text: under

text: the

text: Civil

text: Rights

text: Act

text: Data

text: on

text: Ethnic

text: Groups

text: are

text: also

text: needed

text: by

text: local

text: governments

text: to

text: run

text: programs

text: and

text: meet

text: legislative

text: requirements

text: i.e.

text: identifying

text: segments

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: who

text: may

text: not

text: be

text: receiving

text: medical

text: services

text: under

text: the

text: Public

text: Health

text: Act

text: evaluating

text: whether

text: financial

text: institutions

text: are

text: meeting

text: the

text: credit

text: needs

text: of

text: minority

text: populations

text: under

text: the

text: Community

text: Reinvestment

text: Act

question: What act has rules and regulations for bilingual election?

answer: the Voting Rights Act

text: the Voting Rights Act

question: What act has rules and regulations for meeting the credit needs of minority populations?

answer: the Community Reinvestment Act

text: the Community Reinvestment Act

question: What act has laws about equal employment opportunities for ethnic groups?

answer: the Civil Rights Act

text: the Civil Rights Act


text: Despite these detailed standard definitions, cameras typically do not clearly indicate whether the user "ISO" setting refers to the noise-based speed, saturation-based speed, or the specified output sensitivity, or even some made-up number for marketing purposes. Because the 1998 version of ISO 12232 did not permit measurement of camera output that had lossy compression, it was not possible to correctly apply any of those measurements to cameras that did not produce sRGB files in an uncompressed format such as TIFF. Following the publication of CIPA DC-004 in 2006, Japanese manufacturers of digital still cameras are required to specify whether a sensitivity rating is REI or SOS.[citation needed]

title: Film_speed

title: Film_speed

text: Despite

text: these

text: detailed

text: standard

text: definitions

text: cameras

text: typically

text: do

text: not

text: clearly

text: indicate

text: whether

text: the

text: user

text: ISO

text: setting

text: refers

text: to

text: the

text: noise

text: based

text: speed

text: saturation

text: based

text: speed

text: or

text: the

text: specified

text: output

text: sensitivity

text: or

text: even

text: some

text: made

text: up

text: number

text: for

text: marketing

text: purposes

text: Because

text: the

text: version

text: of

text: ISO

text: did

text: not

text: permit

text: measurement

text: of

text: camera

text: output

text: that

text: had

text: lossy

text: compression

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: possible

text: to

text: correctly

text: apply

text: any

text: of

text: those

text: measurements

text: to

text: cameras

text: that

text: did

text: not

text: produce

text: sRGB

text: files

text: in

text: an

text: uncompressed

text: format

text: such

text: as

text: TIFF

text: Following

text: the

text: publication

text: of

text: CIPA

text: in

text: Japanese

text: manufacturers

text: of

text: digital

text: still

text: cameras

text: are

text: required

text: to

text: specify

text: whether

text: a

text: sensitivity

text: rating

text: is

text: REI

text: or

text: SOS.[citation

text: needed

question: What measures might the user "ISO" setting correspond to?

answer: the noise-based speed, saturation-based speed, or the specified output sensitivity, or even some made-up number for marketing purposes

text: the noise-based speed, saturation-based speed, or the specified output sensitivity, or even some made-up number for marketing purposes

question: What did the 1998 version of ISO 12232 not permit?

answer: measurement of camera output that had lossy compression

text: measurement of camera output that had lossy compression

question: What types of sensitivity ratings can be specified by a camera?

answer: REI or SOS

text: REI or SOS

question: What standards changed what Japanese camera makers have to specify?

answer: CIPA DC-004

text: CIPA DC-004

question: In what year was CIPA DC-004 introduced?

answer: 2006

question: Cameras must indicate when the ISO setting refers to what?

text: the noise-based speed

question: The 1998 ISO 12232 allowed for what type of compression?

text: lossy

question: What publication affected Japanese digital still cameras in 1998?

text: CIPA DC-004

question: When was the TIFF file created?

question: The ISO 12232 requires manufacturures to specify what about a sensitivity rating?