text: Injured heart tissue conducts electrical impulses more slowly than normal heart tissue. The difference in conduction velocity between injured and uninjured tissue can trigger re-entry or a feedback loop that is believed to be the cause of many lethal arrhythmias. The most serious of these arrhythmias is ventricular fibrillation (V-Fib/VF), an extremely fast and chaotic heart rhythm that is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death. Another life-threatening arrhythmia is ventricular tachycardia (V-tach/VT), which can cause sudden cardiac death. However, VT usually results in rapid heart rates that prevent the heart from pumping blood effectively. Cardiac output and blood pressure may fall to dangerous levels, which can lead to further coronary ischemia and extension of the infarct.

title: Myocardial_infarction

title: Myocardial_infarction

text: Injured

text: heart

text: tissue

text: conducts

text: electrical

text: impulses

text: more

text: slowly

text: than

text: normal

text: heart

text: tissue

text: The

text: difference

text: in

text: conduction

text: velocity

text: between

text: injured

text: and

text: uninjured

text: tissue

text: can

text: trigger

text: re

text: entry

text: or

text: a

text: feedback

text: loop

text: that

text: is

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: cause

text: of

text: many

text: lethal

text: arrhythmias

text: The

text: most

text: serious

text: of

text: these

text: arrhythmias

text: is

text: ventricular

text: fibrillation

text: V

text: Fib

text: VF

text: an

text: extremely

text: fast

text: and

text: chaotic

text: heart

text: rhythm

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: leading

text: cause

text: of

text: sudden

text: cardiac

text: death

text: Another

text: life

text: threatening

text: arrhythmia

text: is

text: ventricular

text: tachycardia

text: V

text: tach

text: VT

text: which

text: can

text: cause

text: sudden

text: cardiac

text: death

text: However

text: VT

text: usually

text: results

text: in

text: rapid

text: heart

text: rates

text: that

text: prevent

text: the

text: heart

text: from

text: pumping

text: blood

text: effectively

text: Cardiac

text: output

text: and

text: blood

text: pressure

text: may

text: fall

text: to

text: dangerous

text: levels

text: which

text: can

text: lead

text: to

text: further

text: coronary

text: ischemia

text: and

text: extension

text: of

text: the

text: infarct

question: Normal heart tissue is slower than what?

text: Injured heart tissue

question: What is the name of the arrhythmia that is slower than normal?

text: V-Fib/VF

question: V-tach is the leading cause of what?

text: sudden cardiac death

question: Electrical impulses trigger what?

text: re-entry or a feedback loop

question: A rising blood pressure can cause additional what?

text: coronary ischemia


text: Opera debuted in 1996; it has never achieved widespread use, having less than 2% browser usage share as of February 2012 according to Net Applications. Its Opera-mini version has an additive share, in April 2011 amounting to 1.1% of overall browser use, but focused on the fast-growing mobile phone web browser market, being preinstalled on over 40 million phones. It is also available on several other embedded systems, including Nintendo's Wii video game console.

title: Web_browser

title: Web_browser

text: Opera

text: debuted

text: in

text: it

text: has

text: never

text: achieved

text: widespread

text: use

text: having

text: less

text: than

text: browser

text: usage

text: share

text: as

text: of

text: February

text: according

text: to

text: Net

text: Applications

text: Its

text: Opera

text: mini

text: version

text: has

text: an

text: additive

text: share

text: in

text: April

text: amounting

text: to

text: of

text: overall

text: browser

text: use

text: but

text: focused

text: on

text: the

text: fast

text: growing

text: mobile

text: phone

text: web

text: browser

text: market

text: being

text: preinstalled

text: on

text: over

text: million

text: phones

text: It

text: is

text: also

text: available

text: on

text: several

text: other

text: embedded

text: systems

text: including

text: Nintendo

text: 's

text: Wii

text: video

text: game

text: console

question: Opera was introduced in what year?

answer: 1996

question: What accounted for 1.1% of browser use in April 2011?

answer: Opera-mini version

text: Opera-mini version

question: Opera focused on which quickly growing market?

answer: mobile phone web browser

text: mobile phone web browser

question: Opera is also available on which video game console?

answer: Nintendo's Wii

text: Nintendo's Wii

question: What program debuted in February 2012?

text: Opera

question: When was the Nintendo Wii introduced?

text: in 1996

question: What market did Nintendo focus on to expand its use?

question: How has usage of the Nintendo Wii been shown over time?

text: it has never achieved widespread use

question: How many game consoles has Nintendo sold?

text: over 40 million


text: The Oklahoma City Police Department, has a uniformed force of 1,169 officers and 300+ civilian employees. The Department has a central police station and five substations covering 2,500 police reporting districts that average 1/4 square mile in size.

title: Oklahoma_City

title: Oklahoma_City

text: The

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: Police

text: Department

text: has

text: a

text: uniformed

text: force

text: of

text: officers

text: and

text: civilian

text: employees

text: The

text: Department

text: has

text: a

text: central

text: police

text: station

text: and

text: five

text: substations

text: covering

text: police

text: reporting

text: districts

text: that

text: average

text: square

text: mile

text: in

text: size

question: How many substations does Oklahoma city have?

answer: 5


text: Enisa Kafadar argues that there is only one Serbo-Croatian language with several varieties. This has made possible to include all four varieties into a new grammar book. Daniel Bunčić concludes that it is a pluricentric language, with four standard variants spoken in Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The mutual intelligibility between their speakers "exceeds that between the standard variants of English, French, German, or Spanish". Other linguists have argued that the differences between the variants of Serbo-Croatian are less significant than those between the variants of English, German,, Dutch, and Hindi-Urdu.

title: Serbo-Croatian

title: Serbo

title: Croatian

text: Enisa

text: Kafadar

text: argues

text: that

text: there

text: is

text: only

text: one

text: Serbo

text: Croatian

text: language

text: with

text: several

text: varieties

text: This

text: has

text: made

text: possible

text: to

text: include

text: all

text: four

text: varieties

text: into

text: a

text: new

text: grammar

text: book

text: Daniel

text: Bunčić

text: concludes

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: a

text: pluricentric

text: language

text: with

text: four

text: standard

text: variants

text: spoken

text: in

text: Serbia

text: Croatia

text: Montenegro

text: and

text: Bosnia

text: and

text: Herzegovina

text: The

text: mutual

text: intelligibility

text: between

text: their

text: speakers

text: exceeds

text: that

text: between

text: the

text: standard

text: variants

text: of

text: English

text: French

text: German

text: or

text: Spanish

text: Other

text: linguists

text: have

text: argued

text: that

text: the

text: differences

text: between

text: the

text: variants

text: of

text: Serbo

text: Croatian

text: are

text: less

text: significant

text: than

text: those

text: between

text: the

text: variants

text: of

text: English

text: German

text: Dutch

text: and

text: Hindi

text: Urdu

question: How many standard variants of the Serbo-Croatian are spoken?

answer: four

text: four

question: In which areas are the four standard Serbo-Croatian variants spoken?

answer: Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

text: Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

question: Who concluded that Serbo-Croatian is a pluricentric language?

answer: Daniel Bunčić

text: Daniel Bunčić

question: Who believes Serbo-Croatian is one language with multiple variants?

answer: Enisa Kafadar

text: Enisa Kafadar

question: What do the Dutch argue about language?

question: What is the conclustion by Hindi-Urdu about Serbo-Croation language?

question: How many varieties does Enisa Kafadar aruge there are in Hindi-Urdu?

text: several

question: What is incluced into a new pluricentric language?

text: all four varieties

question: Where are four variants of English spoken?


text: The following sulfonylureas have been commercialized for weed control: amidosulfuron, azimsulfuron, bensulfuron-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, ethoxysulfuron, flazasulfuron, flupyrsulfuron-methyl-sodium, halosulfuron-methyl, imazosulfuron, nicosulfuron, oxasulfuron, primisulfuron-methyl, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, rimsulfuron, sulfometuron-methyl Sulfosulfuron, terbacil, bispyribac-sodium, cyclosulfamuron, and pyrithiobac-sodium. Nicosulfuron, triflusulfuron methyl, and chlorsulfuron are broad-spectrum herbicides that kill plants by inhibiting the enzyme acetolactate synthase. In the 1960s, more than 1 kg/ha (0.89 lb/acre) crop protection chemical was typically applied, while sulfonylureates allow as little as 1% as much material to achieve the same effect.

title: Pesticide

title: Pesticide

text: The

text: following

text: sulfonylureas

text: have

text: been

text: commercialized

text: for

text: weed

text: control

text: amidosulfuron

text: azimsulfuron

text: bensulfuron

text: methyl

text: chlorimuron

text: ethyl

text: ethoxysulfuron

text: flazasulfuron

text: flupyrsulfuron

text: methyl

text: sodium

text: halosulfuron

text: methyl

text: imazosulfuron

text: nicosulfuron

text: oxasulfuron

text: primisulfuron

text: methyl

text: pyrazosulfuron

text: ethyl

text: rimsulfuron

text: sulfometuron

text: methyl

text: Sulfosulfuron

text: terbacil

text: bispyribac

text: sodium

text: cyclosulfamuron

text: and

text: pyrithiobac

text: sodium

text: Nicosulfuron

text: triflusulfuron

text: methyl

text: and

text: chlorsulfuron

text: are

text: broad

text: spectrum

text: herbicides

text: that

text: kill

text: plants

text: by

text: inhibiting

text: the

text: enzyme

text: acetolactate

text: synthase

text: In

text: the

text: more

text: than

text: kg

text: ha

text: lb

text: acre

text: crop

text: protection

text: chemical

text: was

text: typically

text: applied

text: while

text: sulfonylureates

text: allow

text: as

text: little

text: as

text: as

text: much

text: material

text: to

text: achieve

text: the

text: same

text: effect

question: What are sulfonyureas commonly used for?

answer: weed control

text: weed control

question: Nicosulfuron, triflusulfuron methyl and chlorsulfuron can be classified as what type of pesticides?

answer: broad-spectrum herbicides

text: broad-spectrum herbicides

question: The restriction of what enzyme allows broad-spectrum herbicides to kill plants?

answer: acetolactate synthase

text: acetolactate synthase

question: The amount of material used as a crop protection measure decreased from 1kg/ha in what year to its current 1%?

answer: 1960s

question: What has acetolactate synthase been used for commercially?

text: weed control

question: What is acetolactate synthase classified as when used on plants?

text: broad-spectrum herbicides

question: In what year was acetolactate synthase created?

text: In the 1960s

question: How much acetolactate synthase was applied in the 1960's?

text: more than 1 kg/ha (0.89 lb/acre)

question: What was acetolactate synthase used for in the 1960's?

text: crop protection


text: Prompted by legislation in various countries mandating increased bulb efficiency, new "hybrid" incandescent bulbs have been introduced by Philips. The "Halogena Energy Saver" incandescents can produce about 23 lm/W; about 30 percent more efficient than traditional incandescents, by using a reflective capsule to reflect formerly wasted infrared radiation back to the filament from which it can be re-emitted as visible light. This concept was pioneered by Duro-Test in 1980 with a commercial product that produced 29.8 lm/W. More advanced reflectors based on interference filters or photonic crystals can theoretically result in higher efficiency, up to a limit of about 270 lm/W (40% of the maximum efficacy possible). Laboratory proof-of-concept experiments have produced as much as 45 lm/W, approaching the efficacy of compact fluorescent bulbs.

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

text: Prompted

text: by

text: legislation

text: in

text: various

text: countries

text: mandating

text: increased

text: bulb

text: efficiency

text: new

text: hybrid

text: incandescent

text: bulbs

text: have

text: been

text: introduced

text: by

text: Philips

text: The

text: Halogena

text: Energy

text: Saver

text: incandescents

text: can

text: produce

text: about

text: lm

text: W

text: about

text: percent

text: more

text: efficient

text: than

text: traditional

text: incandescents

text: by

text: using

text: a

text: reflective

text: capsule

text: to

text: reflect

text: formerly

text: wasted

text: infrared

text: radiation

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: filament

text: from

text: which

text: it

text: can

text: be

text: re

text: emitted

text: as

text: visible

text: light

text: This

text: concept

text: was

text: pioneered

text: by

text: Duro

text: Test

text: in

text: with

text: a

text: commercial

text: product

text: that

text: produced

text: lm

text: W.

text: More

text: advanced

text: reflectors

text: based

text: on

text: interference

text: filters

text: or

text: photonic

text: crystals

text: can

text: theoretically

text: result

text: in

text: higher

text: efficiency

text: up

text: to

text: a

text: limit

text: of

text: about

text: lm

text: W

text: of

text: the

text: maximum

text: efficacy

text: possible

text: Laboratory

text: proof

text: of

text: concept

text: experiments

text: have

text: produced

text: as

text: much

text: as

text: lm

text: W

text: approaching

text: the

text: efficacy

text: of

text: compact

text: fluorescent

text: bulbs

question: Which company introduced hybrid incandescent bulbs?

answer: Philips

text: Philips

question: How much more efficient are Halogena Energy Saver bulbs compared to incandescents?

answer: 30 percent

text: 30 percent

question: What company first marketed light bulbs using the reflective capsule technique to increase energy efficiency?

answer: Duro-Test

text: Duro-Test

question: What is the theoretical maximum efficiency of reflective capsule bulbs?

answer: 270 lm/W

text: 270 lm/W

question: What is the maximum efficiency of reflective capsule bulbs as tested in labs?

answer: 45 lm/W

text: 45 lm/W

question: Which company did not introduce hybrid incandescent bulbs?

text: Philips

question: What did not prompt Philips to introduce the hybrid incandescent bulbs?

question: What can produce about 25 Im/W?

text: "Halogena Energy Saver" incandescents

question: What is 40% less efficient than traditional incandescent?

text: "Halogena Energy Saver" incandescents

question: Which concept was not pioneered by Duro-Test in 1980?

text: reflective capsule


text: Only insects which live in nests or colonies demonstrate any true capacity for fine-scale spatial orientation or homing. This can allow an insect to return unerringly to a single hole a few millimeters in diameter among thousands of apparently identical holes clustered together, after a trip of up to several kilometers' distance. In a phenomenon known as philopatry, insects that hibernate have shown the ability to recall a specific location up to a year after last viewing the area of interest. A few insects seasonally migrate large distances between different geographic regions (e.g., the overwintering areas of the Monarch butterfly).:14

title: Insect

title: Insect

text: Only

text: insects

text: which

text: live

text: in

text: nests

text: or

text: colonies

text: demonstrate

text: any

text: true

text: capacity

text: for

text: fine

text: scale

text: spatial

text: orientation

text: or

text: homing

text: This

text: can

text: allow

text: an

text: insect

text: to

text: return

text: unerringly

text: to

text: a

text: single

text: hole

text: a

text: few

text: millimeters

text: in

text: diameter

text: among

text: thousands

text: of

text: apparently

text: identical

text: holes

text: clustered

text: together

text: after

text: a

text: trip

text: of

text: up

text: to

text: several

text: kilometers

text: distance

text: In

text: a

text: phenomenon

text: known

text: as

text: philopatry

text: insects

text: that

text: hibernate

text: have

text: shown

text: the

text: ability

text: to

text: recall

text: a

text: specific

text: location

text: up

text: to

text: a

text: year

text: after

text: last

text: viewing

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: interest

text: A

text: few

text: insects

text: seasonally

text: migrate

text: large

text: distances

text: between

text: different

text: geographic

text: regions

text: e.g.

text: the

text: overwintering

text: areas

text: of

text: the

text: Monarch

question: Insects with fine scale spatial orientation live in colonies and where else?

answer: nests

text: nests

question: Some insects have a fine scale spatial orientation and/or what else?

answer: homing

text: homing

question: Spacial orientation/homing allows an insect to return to one specific hole among how many?

answer: thousands

text: thousands

question: An insect recalling a specific location for up to a year is called what?

answer: philopatry

text: philopatry

question: An insect that can recall a specific location for up to a year does what?

answer: hibernate

text: hibernate


text: The trends of Hellenization were therefore accompanied by Greeks adopting native ways over time, but this was widely varied by place and by social class. The farther away from the Mediterranean and the lower in social status, the more likely that a colonist was to adopt local ways, while the Greco-Macedonian elites and Royal families, usually remained thoroughly Greek and viewed most non-Greeks with disdain. It is only until Cleopatra VII, that a Ptolemaic ruler bothered to learn the Egyptian language of their subjects.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: The

text: trends

text: of

text: Hellenization

text: were

text: therefore

text: accompanied

text: by

text: Greeks

text: adopting

text: native

text: ways

text: over

text: time

text: but

text: this

text: was

text: widely

text: varied

text: by

text: place

text: and

text: by

text: social

text: class

text: The

text: farther

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: and

text: the

text: lower

text: in

text: social

text: status

text: the

text: more

text: likely

text: that

text: a

text: colonist

text: was

text: to

text: adopt

text: local

text: ways

text: while

text: the

text: Greco

text: Macedonian

text: elites

text: and

text: Royal

text: families

text: usually

text: remained

text: thoroughly

text: Greek

text: and

text: viewed

text: most

text: non

text: Greeks

text: with

text: disdain

text: It

text: is

text: only

text: until

text: Cleopatra

text: VII

text: that

text: a

text: Ptolemaic

text: ruler

text: bothered

text: to

text: learn

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: language

text: of

text: their

text: subjects

question: A colonist far from the Mediterranean and low in social rank would be more likely to do what?

answer: adopt local ways

text: adopt local ways

question: Greco-Macedonian elites remained commited to what culture?

answer: Greek

text: Greek

question: Who did Greeks look down upon?

answer: non-Greeks

text: non-Greeks

question: Who was the first Ptolemaic ruler to learn the Egyptian language?

answer: Cleopatra VII

text: Cleopatra VII


text: An electrostatic motor is based on the attraction and repulsion of electric charge. Usually, electrostatic motors are the dual of conventional coil-based motors. They typically require a high-voltage power supply, although very small motors employ lower voltages. Conventional electric motors instead employ magnetic attraction and repulsion, and require high current at low voltages. In the 1750s, the first electrostatic motors were developed by Benjamin Franklin and Andrew Gordon. Today the electrostatic motor finds frequent use in micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) where their drive voltages are below 100 volts, and where moving, charged plates are far easier to fabricate than coils and iron cores. Also, the molecular machinery which runs living cells is often based on linear and rotary electrostatic motors.[citation needed]

title: Electric_motor

title: Electric_motor

text: An

text: electrostatic

text: motor

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: attraction

text: and

text: repulsion

text: of

text: electric

text: charge

text: Usually

text: electrostatic

text: motors

text: are

text: the

text: dual

text: of

text: conventional

text: coil

text: based

text: motors

text: They

text: typically

text: require

text: a

text: high

text: voltage

text: power

text: supply

text: although

text: very

text: small

text: motors

text: employ

text: lower

text: voltages

text: Conventional

text: electric

text: motors

text: instead

text: employ

text: magnetic

text: attraction

text: and

text: repulsion

text: and

text: require

text: high

text: current

text: at

text: low

text: voltages

text: In

text: the

text: the

text: first

text: electrostatic

text: motors

text: were

text: developed

text: by

text: Benjamin

text: Franklin

text: and

text: Andrew

text: Gordon

text: Today

text: the

text: electrostatic

text: motor

text: finds

text: frequent

text: use

text: in

text: micro

text: electro

text: mechanical

text: systems

text: MEMS

text: where

text: their

text: drive

text: voltages

text: are

text: below

text: volts

text: and

text: where

text: moving

text: charged

text: plates

text: are

text: far

text: easier

text: to

text: fabricate

text: than

text: coils

text: and

text: iron

text: cores

text: Also

text: the

text: molecular

text: machinery

text: which

text: runs

text: living

text: cells

text: is

text: often

text: based

text: on

text: linear

text: and

text: rotary

text: electrostatic

text: motors.[citation

text: needed

question: What type of motor is based on the attraction and repulsion of electric charge?

answer: electrostatic

text: electrostatic

question: What are electrostatic motors like two of?

answer: conventional coil-based motors

text: conventional coil-based motors

question: What type of power supply do electrostatic motors usually have?

answer: high-voltage

text: high-voltage

question: What two inventors developed the first electrostatic motors?

answer: Benjamin Franklin and Andrew Gordon

text: Benjamin Franklin and Andrew Gordon

question: Micro-electro mechanical systems prefer what type of motor?

answer: electrostatic motor

text: electrostatic motor

question: What type of motor is not based on the attraction and repulsion of electric charge?

text: electrostatic

question: What are electrostatic motors like three of?

text: conventional coil-based motors

question: What type of power supply don't electrostatic motors usually have?

text: high-voltage

question: What two inventors developed the second electrostatic motors?

text: Benjamin Franklin and Andrew Gordon

question: Macro-electro mechanical systems prefer what type of motor?

text: electrostatic motors


text: The Roman Empire expanded to include different peoples and cultures; in principle, Rome followed the same inclusionist policies that had recognised Latin, Etruscan and other Italian peoples, cults and deities as Roman. Those who acknowledged Rome's hegemony retained their own cult and religious calendars, independent of Roman religious law. Newly municipal Sabratha built a Capitolium near its existing temple to Liber Pater and Serapis. Autonomy and concord were official policy, but new foundations by Roman citizens or their Romanised allies were likely to follow Roman cultic models. Romanisation offered distinct political and practical advantages, especially to local elites. All the known effigies from the 2nd century AD forum at Cuicul are of emperors or Concordia. By the middle of the 1st century AD, Gaulish Vertault seems to have abandoned its native cultic sacrifice of horses and dogs in favour of a newly established, Romanised cult nearby: by the end of that century, Sabratha’s so-called tophet was no longer in use. Colonial and later Imperial provincial dedications to Rome's Capitoline Triad were a logical choice, not a centralised legal requirement. Major cult centres to "non-Roman" deities continued to prosper: notable examples include the magnificent Alexandrian Serapium, the temple of Aesculapeus at Pergamum and Apollo's sacred wood at Antioch.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: The

text: Roman

text: Empire

text: expanded

text: to

text: include

text: different

text: peoples

text: and

text: cultures

text: in

text: principle

text: Rome

text: followed

text: the

text: same

text: inclusionist

text: policies

text: that

text: had

text: recognised

text: Latin

text: Etruscan

text: and

text: other

text: Italian

text: peoples

text: cults

text: and

text: deities

text: as

text: Roman

text: Those

text: who

text: acknowledged

text: Rome

text: 's

text: hegemony

text: retained

text: their

text: own

text: cult

text: and

text: religious

text: calendars

text: independent

text: of

text: Roman

text: religious

text: law

text: Newly

text: municipal

text: Sabratha

text: built

text: a

text: Capitolium

text: near

text: its

text: existing

text: temple

text: to

text: Liber

text: Pater

text: and

text: Serapis

text: Autonomy

text: and

text: concord

text: were

text: official

text: policy

text: but

text: new

text: foundations

text: by

text: Roman

text: citizens

text: or

text: their

text: Romanised

text: allies

text: were

text: likely

text: to

text: follow

text: Roman

text: cultic

text: models

text: Romanisation

text: offered

text: distinct

text: political

text: and

text: practical

text: advantages

text: especially

text: to

text: local

text: elites

text: All

text: the

text: known

text: effigies

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: forum

text: at

text: Cuicul

text: are

text: of

text: emperors

text: or

text: Concordia

text: By

text: the

text: middle

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: AD

text: Gaulish

text: Vertault

text: seems

text: to

text: have

text: abandoned

text: its

text: native

text: cultic

text: sacrifice

text: of

text: horses

text: and

text: dogs

text: in

text: favour

text: of

text: a

text: newly

text: established

text: Romanised

text: cult

text: nearby

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: that

text: century

text: Sabratha

text: ’s

text: so

text: called

text: tophet

text: was

text: no

text: longer

text: in

text: use

text: Colonial

text: and

text: later

text: Imperial

text: provincial

text: dedications

text: to

text: Rome

text: 's

text: Capitoline

text: Triad

text: were

text: a

text: logical

text: choice

text: not

text: a

text: centralised

text: legal

text: requirement

text: Major

text: cult

text: centres

text: to

text: non

text: Roman

text: deities

text: continued

text: to

text: prosper

text: notable

text: examples

text: include

text: the

text: magnificent

text: Alexandrian

text: Serapium

text: the

text: temple

text: of

text: Aesculapeus

text: at

text: Pergamum

text: and

text: Apollo

text: 's

text: sacred

text: wood

text: at

text: Antioch

question: From what were countries in the empire free?

answer: Roman religious law

text: Roman religious law

question: What were Rome's policies in regards to foreign peoples?

answer: inclusionist policies

text: inclusionist policies

question: What was Rome's policy towards government?

answer: Autonomy and concord

text: Autonomy and concord

question: What did foreign cults gradually begin to display in similarity to Roman cults?

answer: Romanised

text: Romanised

question: What was Rome not demanding of in religion of foreign areas of the empire?

answer: centralised legal requirement

text: centralised legal requirement


text: The Low German varieties spoken in Germany are often counted among the German dialects. This reflects the modern situation where they are roofed by standard German. This is different from the situation in the Middle Ages when Low German had strong tendencies towards an ausbau language.

title: Dialect

title: Dialect

text: The

text: Low

text: German

text: varieties

text: spoken

text: in

text: Germany

text: are

text: often

text: counted

text: among

text: the

text: German

text: dialects

text: This

text: reflects

text: the

text: modern

text: situation

text: where

text: they

text: are

text: roofed

text: by

text: standard

text: German

text: This

text: is

text: different

text: from

text: the

text: situation

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: when

text: Low

text: German

text: had

text: strong

text: tendencies

text: towards

text: an

text: ausbau

text: language

question: What type of language was Low German in the Middle Ages?

answer: an ausbau language

text: an ausbau language

question: Why are Low German varieties regarded as dialects of standard German?

answer: they are roofed by standard German

text: they are roofed by standard German

question: What is often not included when counting German dialects?

text: Low German varieties

question: In which country are the Middle Age varieties spoken?

text: Germany

question: When did High German have a strong tendency towards being an ausbau language?

text: Middle Ages

question: When did Low German have a weak tendency towards being an ausbau language?

text: Middle Ages

question: What are High German varieties often included with?

text: German dialects


text: Every year the Appalachian Mountains attract several million tourists to the Western part of the state, including the historic Biltmore Estate. The scenic Blue Ridge Parkway and Great Smoky Mountains National Park are the two most visited national park and unit in the United States with over 25 million visitors in 2013. The City of Asheville is consistently voted as one of the top places to visit and live in the United States, known for its rich art deco architecture, mountain scenery and outdoor activities, and liberal and happy residents.

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: Every

text: year

text: the

text: Appalachian

text: Mountains

text: attract

text: several

text: million

text: tourists

text: to

text: the

text: Western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: including

text: the

text: historic

text: Biltmore

text: Estate

text: The

text: scenic

text: Blue

text: Ridge

text: Parkway

text: and

text: Great

text: Smoky

text: Mountains

text: National

text: Park

text: are

text: the

text: two

text: most

text: visited

text: national

text: park

text: and

text: unit

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: over

text: million

text: visitors

text: in

text: The

text: City

text: of

text: Asheville

text: is

text: consistently

text: voted

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: top

text: places

text: to

text: visit

text: and

text: live

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: rich

text: art

text: deco

text: architecture

text: mountain

text: scenery

text: and

text: outdoor

text: activities

text: and

text: liberal

text: and

text: happy

text: residents

question: How many people go to see the Appalachian Mountains each year?

answer: several million

text: several million

question: What part of the state are the Appalachian Mountains in?

answer: Western

text: Western

question: Great Smoky mountain and Blue Ridge Parkway are located in what mountain range?

answer: Appalachian

text: Appalachian

question: How many tourists visited the Smoky Mountains and Blue Ridge parkway in 2013?

answer: over 25 million

text: over 25 million

question: What North Carolina City is consistently voted one of the top places to live in the United States?

answer: Asheville

text: Asheville


text: In 1994, Comcast became the third largest cable operator in the United States with around 3.5 million subscribers following its purchase of Maclean-Hunter's American division for $1.27 billion. The company's UK branch, Comcast UK Cable Partners, goes public while constructing a cable telecommunications network. With five other media companies, the corporation becomes an original investor in The Golf Channel. Following a bid in 1994 for $2.1 billion, Comcast increased its ownership of QVC from 15.5% of stock to a majority, in a move to prevent QVC from merging with CBS. Comcast later sold its QVC shares in 2004 to Liberty Media for $7.9 billion.

title: Comcast

title: Comcast

text: In

text: Comcast

text: became

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: cable

text: operator

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: around

text: million

text: subscribers

text: following

text: its

text: purchase

text: of

text: Maclean

text: Hunter

text: 's

text: American

text: division

text: for

text: billion

text: The

text: company

text: 's

text: UK

text: branch

text: Comcast

text: UK

text: Cable

text: Partners

text: goes

text: public

text: while

text: constructing

text: a

text: cable

text: telecommunications

text: network

text: With

text: five

text: other

text: media

text: companies

text: the

text: corporation

text: becomes

text: an

text: original

text: investor

text: in

text: The

text: Golf

text: Channel

text: Following

text: a

text: bid

text: in

text: for

text: billion

text: Comcast

text: increased

text: its

text: ownership

text: of

text: QVC

text: from

text: of

text: stock

text: to

text: a

text: majority

text: in

text: a

text: move

text: to

text: prevent

text: QVC

text: from

text: merging

text: with

text: CBS

text: Comcast

text: later

text: sold

text: its

text: QVC

text: shares

text: in

text: to

text: Liberty

text: Media

text: for

text: billion

question: How many paying customers did Comcast have in 1994?

answer: 3.5 million

text: 3.5 million

question: Comcast's customer base in 1994 was good enough for what national ranking among its competition?

answer: third largest

text: third largest

question: What sports network was Comcast a founding investor of?

answer: The Golf Channel

text: The Golf Channel

question: In what year did Comcast take over a majority interest in QVC?

answer: 1994

question: What company did Comcast sell its interest in QVC to in 2004?

answer: Liberty Media

text: Liberty Media

question: How many additional subscribers did Comcast receive by merging with Maclean-Hunter?

text: 3.5 million

question: How much was the Comcast UK branch purchased for?

text: $1.27 billion

question: What percentage of CBS did Comcast own?

question: When did Comcast buy Liberty Media?

question: How much did Comcast sell the Golf Channel for in 2004?

text: $7.9 billion


text: From the semi-finals onwards, the fate of the contestants is decided by public vote. During the contestant's performance as well as the recap at the end, a toll-free telephone number for each contestant is displayed on the screen. For a two-hour period after the episode ends (up to four hours for the finale) in each US time zone, viewers may call or send a text message to their preferred contestant's telephone number, and each call or text message is registered as a vote for that contestant. Viewers are allowed to vote as many times as they can within the two-hour voting window. However, the show reserves the right to discard votes by power dialers. One or more of the least popular contestants may be eliminated in successive weeks until a winner emerges. Over 110 million votes were cast in the first season, and by season ten the seasonal total had increased to nearly 750 million. Voting via text messaging was made available in the second season when AT&T Wireless joined as a sponsor of the show, and 7.5 million text messages were sent to American Idol that season. The number of text messages rapidly increased, reaching 178 million texts by season eight. Online voting was offered for the first time in season ten. The votes are counted and verified by Telescope Inc.

title: American_Idol

title: American_Idol

text: From

text: the

text: semi

text: finals

text: onwards

text: the

text: fate

text: of

text: the

text: contestants

text: is

text: decided

text: by

text: public

text: vote

text: During

text: the

text: contestant

text: 's

text: performance

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: recap

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: a

text: toll

text: free

text: telephone

text: number

text: for

text: each

text: contestant

text: is

text: displayed

text: on

text: the

text: screen

text: For

text: a

text: two

text: hour

text: period

text: after

text: the

text: episode

text: ends

text: up

text: to

text: four

text: hours

text: for

text: the

text: finale

text: in

text: each

text: US

text: time

text: zone

text: viewers

text: may

text: call

text: or

text: send

text: a

text: text

text: message

text: to

text: their

text: preferred

text: contestant

text: 's

text: telephone

text: number

text: and

text: each

text: call

text: or

text: text

text: message

text: is

text: registered

text: as

text: a

text: vote

text: for

text: that

text: contestant

text: Viewers

text: are

text: allowed

text: to

text: vote

text: as

text: many

text: times

text: as

text: they

text: can

text: within

text: the

text: two

text: hour

text: voting

text: window

text: However

text: the

text: show

text: reserves

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: discard

text: votes

text: by

text: power

text: dialers

text: One

text: or

text: more

text: of

text: the

text: least

text: popular

text: contestants

text: may

text: be

text: eliminated

text: in

text: successive

text: weeks

text: until

text: a

text: winner

text: emerges

text: Over

text: million

text: votes

text: were

text: cast

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: season

text: and

text: by

text: season

text: ten

text: the

text: seasonal

text: total

text: had

text: increased

text: to

text: nearly

text: million

text: Voting

text: via

text: text

text: messaging

text: was

text: made

text: available

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: season

text: when

text: AT&T

text: Wireless

text: joined

text: as

text: a

text: sponsor

text: of

text: the

text: show

text: and

text: million

text: text

text: messages

text: were

text: sent

text: to

text: American

text: Idol

text: that

text: season

text: The

text: number

text: of

text: text

text: messages

text: rapidly

text: increased

text: reaching

text: million

text: texts

text: by

text: season

text: eight

text: Online

text: voting

text: was

text: offered

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: in

text: season

text: ten

text: The

text: votes

text: are

text: counted

text: and

text: verified

text: by

text: Telescope

text: Inc.

question: How many text message votes were there in season eight?

answer: 178 million

text: 178 million

question: In which season was online voting introduced?

answer: ten

text: ten

question: What company counts the votes on American Idol?

answer: Telescope Inc

text: Telescope Inc

question: At what point does the public begin voting for contestants?

answer: the semi-finals

text: the semi-finals

question: How many votes were cast for contestants in the first season?

answer: Over 110 million

text: Over 110 million

question: How many votes were cast by season ten for all contestants?

answer: nearly 750 million

text: nearly 750 million


text: In 1955, DC Sinclair and G Weddell developed peripheral pattern theory, based on a 1934 suggestion by John Paul Nafe. They proposed that all skin fiber endings (with the exception of those innervating hair cells) are identical, and that pain is produced by intense stimulation of these fibers. Another 20th-century theory was gate control theory, introduced by Ronald Melzack and Patrick Wall in the 1965 Science article "Pain Mechanisms: A New Theory". The authors proposed that both thin (pain) and large diameter (touch, pressure, vibration) nerve fibers carry information from the site of injury to two destinations in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, and that the more large fiber activity relative to thin fiber activity at the inhibitory cell, the less pain is felt. Both peripheral pattern theory and gate control theory have been superseded by more modern theories of pain[citation needed].

title: Pain

title: Pain

text: In

text: DC

text: Sinclair

text: and

text: G

text: Weddell

text: developed

text: peripheral

text: pattern

text: theory

text: based

text: on

text: a

text: suggestion

text: by

text: John

text: Paul

text: Nafe

text: They

text: proposed

text: that

text: all

text: skin

text: fiber

text: endings

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: those

text: innervating

text: hair

text: cells

text: are

text: identical

text: and

text: that

text: pain

text: is

text: produced

text: by

text: intense

text: stimulation

text: of

text: these

text: fibers

text: Another

text: century

text: theory

text: was

text: gate

text: control

text: theory

text: introduced

text: by

text: Ronald

text: Melzack

text: and

text: Patrick

text: Wall

text: in

text: the

text: Science

text: article

text: Pain

text: Mechanisms

text: A

text: New

text: Theory

text: The

text: authors

text: proposed

text: that

text: both

text: thin

text: pain

text: and

text: large

text: diameter

text: touch

text: pressure

text: vibration

text: nerve

text: fibers

text: carry

text: information

text: from

text: the

text: site

text: of

text: injury

text: to

text: two

text: destinations

text: in

text: the

text: dorsal

text: horn

text: of

text: the

text: spinal

text: cord

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: more

text: large

text: fiber

text: activity

text: relative

text: to

text: thin

text: fiber

text: activity

text: at

text: the

text: inhibitory

text: cell

text: the

text: less

text: pain

text: is

text: felt

text: Both

text: peripheral

text: pattern

text: theory

text: and

text: gate

text: control

text: theory

text: have

text: been

text: superseded

text: by

text: more

text: modern

text: theories

text: of

text: pain[citation

text: needed

question: What year was peripheral pattern theory developed?

answer: 1955

question: Whose suggestion prompted the development of peripheral pattern theory?

answer: John Paul Nafe

text: John Paul Nafe

question: What did DC Sinclair and G Weddell propose a property of all skin fiber endings is?

answer: identical

text: identical

question: What does the gate control theory specify the diameter of which is responsible for the amount of pain sensation?

answer: nerve fibers

text: nerve fibers

question: Why were peripheral pattern theory and gate control theory left behind?

answer: superseded by more modern theories of pain

text: superseded by more modern theories of pain

question: What did DC Sinclair develop in 1934?

text: peripheral pattern theory

question: What did DC Weddell and G Sinclair develop?

text: peripheral pattern theory

question: What is the 1934 peripheral pattern theory based on?

text: suggestion by John Paul Nafe

question: What article was introduced in 1956?

text: "Pain Mechanisms: A New Theory"

question: What did Ronald Wall and Patrick Melzack introduce?

text: gate control theory


text: Turkish authorities deny the genocide took place to this day. The Armenian Genocide is acknowledged to have been one of the first modern genocides. According to the research conducted by Arnold J. Toynbee, an estimated 600,000 Armenians died during deportation from 1915–16). This figure, however, accounts for solely the first year of the Genocide and does not take into account those who died or were killed after the report was compiled on the 24th May 1916. The International Association of Genocide Scholars places the death toll at "more than a million". The total number of people killed has been most widely estimated at between 1 and 1.5 million.

title: Armenia

title: Armenia

text: Turkish

text: authorities

text: deny

text: the

text: genocide

text: took

text: place

text: to

text: this

text: day

text: The

text: Armenian

text: Genocide

text: is

text: acknowledged

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: modern

text: genocides

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: research

text: conducted

text: by

text: Arnold

text: J.

text: Toynbee

text: an

text: estimated

text: Armenians

text: died

text: during

text: deportation

text: from

text: This

text: figure

text: however

text: accounts

text: for

text: solely

text: the

text: first

text: year

text: of

text: the

text: Genocide

text: and

text: does

text: not

text: take

text: into

text: account

text: those

text: who

text: died

text: or

text: were

text: killed

text: after

text: the

text: report

text: was

text: compiled

text: on

text: the

text: May

text: The

text: International

text: Association

text: of

text: Genocide

text: Scholars

text: places

text: the

text: death

text: toll

text: at

text: more

text: than

text: a

text: million

text: The

text: total

text: number

text: of

text: people

text: killed

text: has

text: been

text: most

text: widely

text: estimated

text: at

text: between

text: and

text: million

question: How many Armenians died during the second phase of the Armenian Genocide between 1915-1916??

answer: 600,000

question: What is the estimated sum of people who died during the Armenian Genocide?

answer: between 1 and 1.5 million

text: between 1 and 1.5 million

question: Who contests the existence of the Armenian Genocide?

answer: Turkish authorities

text: Turkish authorities

question: Who put together a report about the Armenian Genocide?

answer: Arnold J. Toynbee

text: Arnold J. Toynbee

question: When was Toynbee's report put together?

answer: 24th May 1916

text: 24th May 1916


text: The Boudhanath, (also written Bouddhanath, Bodhnath, Baudhanath or the Khāsa Chaitya), is one of the holiest Buddhist sites in Nepal, along with Swayambhu. It is a very popular tourist site. Boudhanath is known as Khāsti by Newars and as Bauddha or Bodhnāth by speakers of Nepali. Located about 11 km (7 mi) from the center and northeastern outskirts of Kathmandu, the stupa's massive mandala makes it one of the largest spherical stupas in Nepal. Boudhanath became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.

title: Kathmandu

title: Kathmandu

text: The

text: Boudhanath

text: also

text: written

text: Bouddhanath

text: Bodhnath

text: Baudhanath

text: or

text: the

text: Khāsa

text: Chaitya

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: holiest

text: Buddhist

text: sites

text: in

text: Nepal

text: along

text: with

text: Swayambhu

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: very

text: popular

text: tourist

text: site

text: Boudhanath

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: Khāsti

text: by

text: Newars

text: and

text: as

text: Bauddha

text: or

text: Bodhnāth

text: by

text: speakers

text: of

text: Nepali

text: Located

text: about

text: km

text: mi

text: from

text: the

text: center

text: and

text: northeastern

text: outskirts

text: of

text: Kathmandu

text: the

text: stupa

text: 's

text: massive

text: mandala

text: makes

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: spherical

text: stupas

text: in

text: Nepal

text: Boudhanath

text: became

text: a

text: UNESCO

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Site

text: in

question: To what religion is Boudhanath holy?

answer: Buddhist

text: Buddhist

question: What do the Newars call Boudhanath?

answer: Khāsti

text: Khāsti

question: What is Boudhanath called in Nepali?

answer: Bauddha or Bodhnāth

text: Bauddha or Bodhnāth

question: How far is Boudhanath from Kathmandu in miles?

answer: 7

question: When did UNESCO make Boudhanath a World Heritage Site?

answer: 1979


text: The New York Times reported that "government officials in Beijing and Sichuan have said they are investigating the collapses. In an acknowledgment of the weakness of building codes in the countryside, the National Development and Reform Commission said on May 27 that it had drafted an amendment to improve construction standards for primary and middle schools in rural areas. Experts are reviewing the draft, the commission said." To limit protests, officials pushed parents to sign a document, which forbade them from holding protests, in exchange of money, but some who refused to sign were threatened. The payment amounts varied from school to school but were approximately the same. In Hanwang, parents were offered a package valued at 8,800 USD in cash and a per-parent pension of nearly 5,600 USD. Furthermore, officials used other methods of silencing: riot police officers broke up protests by parents; the authorities set up cordons around the schools; and officials ordered the Chinese news media to stop reporting on school collapses.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: The

text: New

text: York

text: Times

text: reported

text: that

text: government

text: officials

text: in

text: Beijing

text: and

text: Sichuan

text: have

text: said

text: they

text: are

text: investigating

text: the

text: collapses

text: In

text: an

text: acknowledgment

text: of

text: the

text: weakness

text: of

text: building

text: codes

text: in

text: the

text: countryside

text: the

text: National

text: Development

text: and

text: Reform

text: Commission

text: said

text: on

text: May

text: that

text: it

text: had

text: drafted

text: an

text: amendment

text: to

text: improve

text: construction

text: standards

text: for

text: primary

text: and

text: middle

text: schools

text: in

text: rural

text: areas

text: Experts

text: are

text: reviewing

text: the

text: draft

text: the

text: commission

text: said

text: To

text: limit

text: protests

text: officials

text: pushed

text: parents

text: to

text: sign

text: a

text: document

text: which

text: forbade

text: them

text: from

text: holding

text: protests

text: in

text: exchange

text: of

text: money

text: but

text: some

text: who

text: refused

text: to

text: sign

text: were

text: threatened

text: The

text: payment

text: amounts

text: varied

text: from

text: school

text: to

text: school

text: but

text: were

text: approximately

text: the

text: same

text: In

text: Hanwang

text: parents

text: were

text: offered

text: a

text: package

text: valued

text: at

text: USD

text: in

text: cash

text: and

text: a

text: per

text: parent

text: pension

text: of

text: nearly

text: USD

text: Furthermore

text: officials

text: used

text: other

text: methods

text: of

text: silencing

text: riot

text: police

text: officers

text: broke

text: up

text: protests

text: by

text: parents

text: the

text: authorities

text: set

text: up

text: cordons

text: around

text: the

text: schools

text: and

text: officials

text: ordered

text: the

text: Chinese

text: news

text: media

text: to

text: stop

text: reporting

text: on

text: school

text: collapses

question: What was given in exchange of signing the document?

answer: money

text: money

question: What other methods were used to break up protests?

answer: riot police

text: riot police

question: Who did the New York Times report was investigating the school collapses?

answer: government officials

text: government officials

question: What are officials seeking to do about protesting parents?

answer: limit protests

text: limit protests

question: What are officials offering parents in exchange of protests?

answer: money

text: money

question: What has happened to some who refuse to agree to not protest?

answer: were threatened

text: were threatened

question: What did officials order Chinese news media to stop reporting?

answer: on school collapses

text: on school collapses


text: The town was the subject of an attempt by a separate company, the Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway, to open another rail route to the North in the 1880s and some building work, including a surviving embankment, was undertaken in the Hill Lane area.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: The

text: town

text: was

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: an

text: attempt

text: by

text: a

text: separate

text: company

text: the

text: Didcot

text: Newbury

text: and

text: Southampton

text: Railway

text: to

text: open

text: another

text: rail

text: route

text: to

text: the

text: North

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: some

text: building

text: work

text: including

text: a

text: surviving

text: embankment

text: was

text: undertaken

text: in

text: the

text: Hill

text: Lane

text: area

question: What competing railway company tried to open a rail route in the 1880s?

answer: Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway

text: Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway

question: In which direction did the Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway want to expand?

answer: North

text: North

question: What feature survives in the Hill Lane area as evidence of the Didcot, Newbury and Southampton Railway's work?

answer: embankment

text: embankment


text: Industry is diversified, ranging from automotive (Volkswagen Autoeuropa and Peugeot Citroen), aerospace (Embraer and OGMA), electronics and textiles, to food, chemicals, cement and wood pulp. Volkswagen Group's AutoEuropa motor vehicle assembly plant in Palmela is among the largest foreign direct investment projects in Portugal. Modern non-traditional technology-based industries, such as aerospace, biotechnology and information technology, have been developed in several locations across the country. Alverca, Covilhã, Évora, and Ponte de Sor are the main centres of the Portuguese aerospace industry, which is led by Brazil-based company Embraer and the Portuguese company OGMA. Following the turn of the 21st century, many major biotechnology and information technology industries have been founded, and are concentrated in the metropolitan areas of Lisbon, Porto, Braga, Coimbra and Aveiro.[citation needed]

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: Industry

text: is

text: diversified

text: ranging

text: from

text: automotive

text: Volkswagen

text: Autoeuropa

text: and

text: Peugeot

text: Citroen

text: aerospace

text: Embraer

text: and

text: OGMA

text: electronics

text: and

text: textiles

text: to

text: food

text: chemicals

text: cement

text: and

text: wood

text: pulp

text: Volkswagen

text: Group

text: 's

text: AutoEuropa

text: motor

text: vehicle

text: assembly

text: plant

text: in

text: Palmela

text: is

text: among

text: the

text: largest

text: foreign

text: direct

text: investment

text: projects

text: in

text: Portugal

text: Modern

text: non

text: traditional

text: technology

text: based

text: industries

text: such

text: as

text: aerospace

text: biotechnology

text: and

text: information

text: technology

text: have

text: been

text: developed

text: in

text: several

text: locations

text: across

text: the

text: country

text: Alverca

text: Covilhã

text: Évora

text: and

text: Ponte

text: de

text: Sor

text: are

text: the

text: main

text: centres

text: of

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: aerospace

text: industry

text: which

text: is

text: led

text: by

text: Brazil

text: based

text: company

text: Embraer

text: and

text: the

text: Portuguese

text: company

text: OGMA

text: Following

text: the

text: turn

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: many

text: major

text: biotechnology

text: and

text: information

text: technology

text: industries

text: have

text: been

text: founded

text: and

text: are

text: concentrated

text: in

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: areas

text: of

text: Lisbon

text: Porto

text: Braga

text: Coimbra

text: and

text: Aveiro.[citation

text: needed

question: What automotive brands exist in Portugal?

answer: Volkswagen Autoeuropa and Peugeot Citroen

text: Volkswagen Autoeuropa and Peugeot Citroen

question: What aerospace companies exist in Portugal?

answer: Embraer and OGMA

text: Embraer and OGMA

question: Where is Volkswagen Group's AutoEuropa assembly plant located?

answer: Palmela

text: Palmela

question: What are the main centers for the Portuguese aerospace industries?

answer: Alverca, Covilhã, Évora, and Ponte de Sor

text: Alverca, Covilhã, Évora, and Ponte de Sor

question: Where are the main centers of the biotech and IT industries located?

answer: Lisbon, Porto, Braga, Coimbra and Aveiro

text: Lisbon, Porto, Braga, Coimbra and Aveiro


text: However, the lifecycles of most living polychaetes, which are almost all marine animals, are unknown, and only about 25% of the 300+ species whose lifecycles are known follow this pattern. About 14% use a similar external fertilization but produce yolk-rich eggs, which reduce the time the larva needs to spend among the plankton, or eggs from which miniature adults emerge rather than larvae. The rest care for the fertilized eggs until they hatch – some by producing jelly-covered masses of eggs which they tend, some by attaching the eggs to their bodies and a few species by keeping the eggs within their bodies until they hatch. These species use a variety of methods for sperm transfer; for example, in some the females collect sperm released into the water, while in others the males have a penis that inject sperm into the female. There is no guarantee that this is a representative sample of polychaetes' reproductive patterns, and it simply reflects scientists' current knowledge.

title: Annelid

title: Annelid

text: However

text: the

text: lifecycles

text: of

text: most

text: living

text: polychaetes

text: which

text: are

text: almost

text: all

text: marine

text: animals

text: are

text: unknown

text: and

text: only

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: species

text: whose

text: lifecycles

text: are

text: known

text: follow

text: this

text: pattern

text: About

text: use

text: a

text: similar

text: external

text: fertilization

text: but

text: produce

text: yolk

text: rich

text: eggs

text: which

text: reduce

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: larva

text: needs

text: to

text: spend

text: among

text: the

text: plankton

text: or

text: eggs

text: from

text: which

text: miniature

text: adults

text: emerge

text: rather

text: than

text: larvae

text: The

text: rest

text: care

text: for

text: the

text: fertilized

text: eggs

text: until

text: they

text: hatch

text: some

text: by

text: producing

text: jelly

text: covered

text: masses

text: of

text: eggs

text: which

text: they

text: tend

text: some

text: by

text: attaching

text: the

text: eggs

text: to

text: their

text: bodies

text: and

text: a

text: few

text: species

text: by

text: keeping

text: the

text: eggs

text: within

text: their

text: bodies

text: until

text: they

text: hatch

text: These

text: species

text: use

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: methods

text: for

text: sperm

text: transfer

text: for

text: example

text: in

text: some

text: the

text: females

text: collect

text: sperm

text: released

text: into

text: the

text: water

text: while

text: in

text: others

text: the

text: males

text: have

text: a

text: penis

text: that

text: inject

text: sperm

text: into

text: the

text: female

text: There

text: is

text: no

text: guarantee

text: that

text: this

text: is

text: a

text: representative

text: sample

text: of

text: polychaetes

text: reproductive

text: patterns

text: and

text: it

text: simply

text: reflects

text: scientists

text: current

text: knowledge

question: How many species of polychaetes have known lifecycles?

answer: about 25%

text: about 25%

question: What percent of polychaetes produce yolk-rich eggs?

answer: 14%

question: What is the benefit of yolk-rich eggs?

answer: reduce the time the larva needs to spend among the plankton

text: reduce the time the larva needs to spend among the plankton

question: What are most polychaetes' eggs covered in?

answer: jelly

text: jelly

question: How many species of polychaetes have impossible lifecycles?

text: about 25%

question: What percent of polychaetes produce milk?

question: What is the benefit of rotten eggs?

question: What are all polychaetes' eggs covered in?

text: jelly


text: In conformation shows, also referred to as breed shows, a judge familiar with the specific dog breed evaluates individual purebred dogs for conformity with their established breed type as described in the breed standard. As the breed standard only deals with the externally observable qualities of the dog (such as appearance, movement, and temperament), separately tested qualities (such as ability or health) are not part of the judging in conformation shows.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: In

text: conformation

text: shows

text: also

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: breed

text: shows

text: a

text: judge

text: familiar

text: with

text: the

text: specific

text: dog

text: breed

text: evaluates

text: individual

text: purebred

text: dogs

text: for

text: conformity

text: with

text: their

text: established

text: breed

text: type

text: as

text: described

text: in

text: the

text: breed

text: standard

text: As

text: the

text: breed

text: standard

text: only

text: deals

text: with

text: the

text: externally

text: observable

text: qualities

text: of

text: the

text: dog

text: such

text: as

text: appearance

text: movement

text: and

text: temperament

text: separately

text: tested

text: qualities

text: such

text: as

text: ability

text: or

text: health

text: are

text: not

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: judging

text: in

text: conformation

text: shows

question: What are conformation shows also known as?

answer: breed shows

text: breed shows

question: Who evaluates dogs at breed shows?

answer: a judge

text: a judge

question: What is the judge looking for in specific breeds?

answer: conformity with their established breed

text: conformity with their established breed

question: What is the only standard judged?

answer: externally observable qualities

text: externally observable qualities

question: What is another word for "breed shows"?

answer: conformation shows.

text: conformation shows.

question: What is the evaluator called in a breed show?

answer: a judge

text: a judge

question: The breed standard only is about what?

answer: externally observable qualities

text: externally observable qualities

question: Abilities and what else are not tested at breed shows?

answer: health

text: health


text: In 27 BC, Lusitania gained the status of Roman province. Later, a northern province of Lusitania was formed, known as Gallaecia, with capital in Bracara Augusta, today's Braga. There are still many ruins of castros (hill forts) all over modern Portugal and remains of Castro culture. Numerous Roman sites are scattered around present-day Portugal, some urban remains are quite large, like Conímbriga and Mirobriga. The former, beyond being one of the largest Roman settlements in Portugal, is also classified as a National Monument. Conímbriga lies 16 km from Coimbra which by its turn was the ancient Aeminium). The site also has a museum that displays objects found by archaeologists during their excavations.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: In

text: BC

text: Lusitania

text: gained

text: the

text: status

text: of

text: Roman

text: province

text: Later

text: a

text: northern

text: province

text: of

text: Lusitania

text: was

text: formed

text: known

text: as

text: Gallaecia

text: with

text: capital

text: in

text: Bracara

text: Augusta

text: today

text: 's

text: Braga

text: There

text: are

text: still

text: many

text: ruins

text: of

text: castros

text: hill

text: forts

text: all

text: over

text: modern

text: Portugal

text: and

text: remains

text: of

text: Castro

text: culture

text: Numerous

text: Roman

text: sites

text: are

text: scattered

text: around

text: present

text: day

text: Portugal

text: some

text: urban

text: remains

text: are

text: quite

text: large

text: like

text: Conímbriga

text: and

text: Mirobriga

text: The

text: former

text: beyond

text: being

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: Roman

text: settlements

text: in

text: Portugal

text: is

text: also

text: classified

text: as

text: a

text: National

text: Monument

text: Conímbriga

text: lies

text: km

text: from

text: Coimbra

text: which

text: by

text: its

text: turn

text: was

text: the

text: ancient

text: Aeminium

text: The

text: site

text: also

text: has

text: a

text: museum

text: that

text: displays

text: objects

text: found

text: by

text: archaeologists

text: during

text: their

text: excavations

question: In what year did Lusitania become a Roman province?

answer: 27 BC

text: 27 BC

question: What was the Northern province of Lusitania known as?

answer: Gallaecia

text: Gallaecia

question: What are castros?

answer: hill forts

text: hill forts

question: What are two large Roman sites that still exist today in Portugal?

answer: Conímbriga and Mirobriga

text: Conímbriga and Mirobriga

question: How far apart are Conimbriga and Coimbra?

answer: 16 km

text: 16 km


text: Finally, in the 1990s, Internet Protocol-based videoconferencing became possible, and more efficient video compression technologies were developed, permitting desktop, or personal computer (PC)-based videoconferencing. In 1992 CU-SeeMe was developed at Cornell by Tim Dorcey et al. In 1995 the first public videoconference between North America and Africa took place, linking a technofair in San Francisco with a techno-rave and cyberdeli in Cape Town. At the Winter Olympics opening ceremony in Nagano, Japan, Seiji Ozawa conducted the Ode to Joy from Beethoven's Ninth Symphony simultaneously across five continents in near-real time.

title: Videoconferencing

title: Videoconferencing

text: Finally

text: in

text: the

text: Internet

text: Protocol

text: based

text: videoconferencing

text: became

text: possible

text: and

text: more

text: efficient

text: video

text: compression

text: technologies

text: were

text: developed

text: permitting

text: desktop

text: or

text: personal

text: computer

text: PC)-based

text: videoconferencing

text: In

text: CU

text: SeeMe

text: was

text: developed

text: at

text: Cornell

text: by

text: Tim

text: Dorcey

text: et

text: al

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: public

text: videoconference

text: between

text: North

text: America

text: and

text: Africa

text: took

text: place

text: linking

text: a

text: technofair

text: in

text: San

text: Francisco

text: with

text: a

text: techno

text: rave

text: and

text: cyberdeli

text: in

text: Cape

text: Town

text: At

text: the

text: Winter

text: Olympics

text: opening

text: ceremony

text: in

text: Nagano

text: Japan

text: Seiji

text: Ozawa

text: conducted

text: the

text: Ode

text: to

text: Joy

text: from

text: Beethoven

text: 's

text: Ninth

text: Symphony

text: simultaneously

text: across

text: five

text: continents

text: in

text: near

text: real

text: time

question: In what decade was Internet video-conferencing made possible?

answer: 1990s

question: In what device was videoconferencing finally able to be used in?

answer: desktop

text: desktop

question: In what year was CU-SeeMe, a desktop-based videoconferencing tool, developed?

answer: 1992

question: In what year did the first public video-conference take place?

answer: 1995

question: What South African city participated in the first public video-conference?

answer: Cape Town

text: Cape Town

question: What was developed at Cornell by Seiji Ozawa?

text: CU-SeeMe

question: When did the CU-SeeMee take place that linked San Francisco and Captown?

text: In 1995

question: What happened at a technofair in Nagano, Japan in real time?

question: What became possible that allowed the Winter Olympics opening ceremony to happen?

question: When did Nagano Japan take part in the first public video-conference linking two continents?

text: In 1995


text: Peace negotiations at the Congress of Paris resulted in the signing of the Treaty of Paris on 30 March 1856. In compliance with article III, Russia restored to the Ottoman Empire the city and citadel of Kars in common with "all other parts of the Ottoman territory of which the Russian troop were in possession". Russia ceded some land in Bessarabia at the mouth of the Danube to Moldavia. By article IV The United Kingdom, France, Sardinia and Turkey restored to Russia "the towns and ports of Sevastopol, Balaklava, Kamish, Eupatoria, Kerch, Jenikale, Kinburn, as well as all other territories occupied by the allied troops". In conformity with article XI and XIII, the Tsar and the Sultan agreed not to establish any naval or military arsenal on the Black Sea coast. The Black Sea clauses weakened Russia, and it no longer posed a naval threat to the Ottomans. The principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia were nominally returned to the Ottoman Empire; in practice they became independent. The Great Powers pledged to respect the independence and territorial integrity of the Ottoman Empire.:432–33

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: Peace

text: negotiations

text: at

text: the

text: Congress

text: of

text: Paris

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: signing

text: of

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Paris

text: on

text: March

text: In

text: compliance

text: with

text: article

text: III

text: Russia

text: restored

text: to

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: citadel

text: of

text: Kars

text: in

text: common

text: with

text: all

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: territory

text: of

text: which

text: the

text: Russian

text: troop

text: were

text: in

text: possession

text: Russia

text: ceded

text: some

text: land

text: in

text: Bessarabia

text: at

text: the

text: mouth

text: of

text: the

text: Danube

text: to

text: Moldavia

text: By

text: article

text: IV

text: The

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: France

text: Sardinia

text: and

text: Turkey

text: restored

text: to

text: Russia

text: the

text: towns

text: and

text: ports

text: of

text: Sevastopol

text: Balaklava

text: Kamish

text: Eupatoria

text: Kerch

text: Jenikale

text: Kinburn

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: all

text: other

text: territories

text: occupied

text: by

text: the

text: allied

text: troops

text: In

text: conformity

text: with

text: article

text: XI

text: and

text: XIII

text: the

text: Tsar

text: and

text: the

text: Sultan

text: agreed

text: not

text: to

text: establish

text: any

text: naval

text: or

text: military

text: arsenal

text: on

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: coast

text: The

text: Black

text: Sea

text: clauses

text: weakened

text: Russia

text: and

text: it

text: no

text: longer

text: posed

text: a

text: naval

text: threat

text: to

text: the

text: Ottomans

text: The

text: principalities

text: of

text: Moldavia

text: and

text: Wallachia

text: were

text: nominally

text: returned

text: to

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: in

text: practice

text: they

text: became

text: independent

text: The

text: Great

text: Powers

text: pledged

text: to

text: respect

text: the

text: independence

text: and

text: territorial

text: integrity

text: of

text: the

text: Ottoman

question: Where was the Treaty of Paris signed?

answer: the Congress of Paris

text: the Congress of Paris

question: What year was the Treaty of Paris signed?

answer: 1856

question: Who agreed to not have any military arsenal on the Black Sea coast?

answer: the Tsar and the Sultan

text: the Tsar and the Sultan

question: Who were the principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia later return to?

answer: the Ottoman Empire

text: the Ottoman Empire

question: Who returned towns and seaports to Russia?

answer: The United Kingdom, France, Sardinia and Turkey

text: The United Kingdom, France, Sardinia and Turkey


text: Charles Peirce (1839–1914) was highly influential in laying the groundwork for today's empirical scientific method.[citation needed] Although Peirce severely criticized many elements of Descartes' peculiar brand of rationalism, he did not reject rationalism outright. Indeed, he concurred with the main ideas of rationalism, most importantly the idea that rational concepts can be meaningful and the idea that rational concepts necessarily go beyond the data given by empirical observation. In later years he even emphasized the concept-driven side of the then ongoing debate between strict empiricism and strict rationalism, in part to counterbalance the excesses to which some of his cohorts had taken pragmatism under the "data-driven" strict-empiricist view.

title: Empiricism

title: Empiricism

text: Charles

text: Peirce

text: was

text: highly

text: influential

text: in

text: laying

text: the

text: groundwork

text: for

text: today

text: 's

text: empirical

text: scientific

text: method.[citation

text: needed

text: Although

text: Peirce

text: severely

text: criticized

text: many

text: elements

text: of

text: Descartes

text: peculiar

text: brand

text: of

text: rationalism

text: he

text: did

text: not

text: reject

text: rationalism

text: outright

text: Indeed

text: he

text: concurred

text: with

text: the

text: main

text: ideas

text: of

text: rationalism

text: most

text: importantly

text: the

text: idea

text: that

text: rational

text: concepts

text: can

text: be

text: meaningful

text: and

text: the

text: idea

text: that

text: rational

text: concepts

text: necessarily

text: go

text: beyond

text: the

text: data

text: given

text: by

text: empirical

text: observation

text: In

text: later

text: years

text: he

text: even

text: emphasized

text: the

text: concept

text: driven

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: then

text: ongoing

text: debate

text: between

text: strict

text: empiricism

text: and

text: strict

text: rationalism

text: in

text: part

text: to

text: counterbalance

text: the

text: excesses

text: to

text: which

text: some

text: of

text: his

text: cohorts

text: had

text: taken

text: pragmatism

text: under

text: the

text: data

text: driven

text: strict

text: empiricist

text: view

question: When was Peirce born?

answer: 1839

question: When did Peirce die?

answer: 1914

question: What view did Peirce think had been driven to excess?

answer: the "data-driven" strict-empiricist view

text: the "data-driven" strict-empiricist view

question: Who formed the basis for modern scientific method?

answer: Charles Peirce

text: Charles Peirce

question: Whose rationalism did Peirce criticize?

answer: Descartes

text: Descartes

question: When did Pierce begin to take excesses with data-driven empiricism?

text: In later years

question: Why did Pierce reject rationalism?

question: Which philosopher did Pierce agree with the most?

text: Descartes

question: When was the strict-empiricist view started?

question: Why did Pierce prefer the data-driven empiricist view?


text: In the late 19th and early 20th century several forms of pragmatic philosophy arose. The ideas of pragmatism, in its various forms, developed mainly from discussions between Charles Sanders Peirce and William James when both men were at Harvard in the 1870s. James popularized the term "pragmatism", giving Peirce full credit for its patrimony, but Peirce later demurred from the tangents that the movement was taking, and redubbed what he regarded as the original idea with the name of "pragmaticism". Along with its pragmatic theory of truth, this perspective integrates the basic insights of empirical (experience-based) and rational (concept-based) thinking.

title: Empiricism

title: Empiricism

text: In

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: early

text: century

text: several

text: forms

text: of

text: pragmatic

text: philosophy

text: arose

text: The

text: ideas

text: of

text: pragmatism

text: in

text: its

text: various

text: forms

text: developed

text: mainly

text: from

text: discussions

text: between

text: Charles

text: Sanders

text: Peirce

text: and

text: William

text: James

text: when

text: both

text: men

text: were

text: at

text: Harvard

text: in

text: the

text: James

text: popularized

text: the

text: term

text: pragmatism

text: giving

text: Peirce

text: full

text: credit

text: for

text: its

text: patrimony

text: but

text: Peirce

text: later

text: demurred

text: from

text: the

text: tangents

text: that

text: the

text: movement

text: was

text: taking

text: and

text: redubbed

text: what

text: he

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: original

text: idea

text: with

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: pragmaticism

text: Along

text: with

text: its

text: pragmatic

text: theory

text: of

text: truth

text: this

text: perspective

text: integrates

text: the

text: basic

text: insights

text: of

text: empirical

text: experience

text: based

text: and

text: rational

text: concept

text: based

text: thinking

question: When did pragmatism arise?

answer: In the late 19th and early 20th century

text: In the late 19th and early 20th century

question: Who developed pragmatism?

answer: Charles Sanders Peirce and William James

text: Charles Sanders Peirce and William James

question: Where did Peirce and James meet?

answer: Harvard

text: Harvard

question: When did Peirce and James meet?

answer: in the 1870s

text: in the 1870s

question: What did Peirce later call his ideas instead of pragmatism?

answer: pragmaticism

text: pragmaticism

question: What year did Charles Sanders Peirce graduate from harvard?

question: What did James rename pragmaticism as?

text: pragmatism

question: When did James and Pierce split ways?

question: When did pragmatic philosophy die out?

text: the late 19th and early 20th century

question: What was the tangent of pragmatism that Peirce didn't like?


text: Average attendance for AFL games were around 10,000–11,000 per game in the 1990s, though during the recession connected to the dot-com bubble and the September 11, 2001 attacks average attendance dropped below 10,000 for several years. From the start of the 2004 season until the final season of the original league in 2008, average attendance was above 12,000, with 12,392 in 2007. Eleven of the seventeen teams in operation in 2007 had average attendance figures over 13,000. In 2008, the overall attendance average increased to 12,957, with eight teams exceeding 13,000 per game.

title: Arena_Football_League

title: Arena_Football_League

text: Average

text: attendance

text: for

text: AFL

text: games

text: were

text: around

text: per

text: game

text: in

text: the

text: though

text: during

text: the

text: recession

text: connected

text: to

text: the

text: dot

text: com

text: bubble

text: and

text: the

text: September

text: attacks

text: average

text: attendance

text: dropped

text: below

text: for

text: several

text: years

text: From

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: season

text: until

text: the

text: final

text: season

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: league

text: in

text: average

text: attendance

text: was

text: above

text: with

text: in

text: Eleven

text: of

text: the

text: seventeen

text: teams

text: in

text: operation

text: in

text: had

text: average

text: attendance

text: figures

text: over

text: In

text: the

text: overall

text: attendance

text: average

text: increased

text: to

text: with

text: eight

text: teams

text: exceeding

text: per

text: game

question: What was the normal per game attendance of AFL games in the 1990s?

answer: 10,000–11,000

question: Along with the recession, what event is held to have decreased per-game attendance below 10,000?

answer: the September 11, 2001 attacks

text: the September 11, 2001 attacks

question: What was the average per-game attendance in 2007?

answer: 12,392

question: In 2008, what was the average attendance for an AFL game?

answer: 12,957

question: During the 2008 season, how many teams averaged more than 13,000 spectators per game?

answer: eight

text: eight


text: Divorce is discouraged, and remarriage is forbidden unless a divorce is obtained on the grounds of adultery, which they refer to as "a scriptural divorce". If a divorce is obtained for any other reason, remarriage is considered adulterous unless the prior spouse has died or is since considered to have committed sexual immorality. Extreme physical abuse, willful non-support of one's family, and what the religion terms "absolute endangerment of spirituality" are considered grounds for legal separation.

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

text: Divorce

text: is

text: discouraged

text: and

text: remarriage

text: is

text: forbidden

text: unless

text: a

text: divorce

text: is

text: obtained

text: on

text: the

text: grounds

text: of

text: adultery

text: which

text: they

text: refer

text: to

text: as

text: a

text: scriptural

text: divorce

text: If

text: a

text: divorce

text: is

text: obtained

text: for

text: any

text: other

text: reason

text: remarriage

text: is

text: considered

text: adulterous

text: unless

text: the

text: prior

text: spouse

text: has

text: died

text: or

text: is

text: since

text: considered

text: to

text: have

text: committed

text: sexual

text: immorality

text: Extreme

text: physical

text: abuse

text: willful

text: non

text: support

text: of

text: one

text: 's

text: family

text: and

text: what

text: the

text: religion

text: terms

text: absolute

text: endangerment

text: of

text: spirituality

text: are

text: considered

text: grounds

text: for

text: legal

text: separation

question: What is Jehovah Witnesses' view of divorce?

answer: discouraged

text: discouraged

question: What is an acceptable grounds for divorce for a Jehovah Witness?

answer: adultery

text: adultery

question: What do Jehovah Witnesses considered remarriage when the reason for divorce wasn't adultery?

answer: adulterous

text: adulterous

question: Jehovah Witnesses will allow what in the event of extreme physical abuse or absolute endangerment of spirituality?

answer: legal separation

text: legal separation

question: What is remarriage considered as by most modern Protestant people?

text: forbidden

question: If a person suffers extreme physical abuse by their spouse what do most Protestant religions allow for?

text: Divorce

question: In most Christian religions willfully non-supporting one's family will result in what?

text: Divorce

question: When is remarriage encouraged by Jehovah's Witnesses?

text: the prior spouse has died


text: Most modern air defence systems are fairly mobile. Even the larger systems tend to be mounted on trailers and are designed to be fairly quickly broken down or set up. In the past, this was not always the case. Early missile systems were cumbersome and required much infrastructure; many could not be moved at all. With the diversification of air defence there has been much more emphasis on mobility. Most modern systems are usually either self-propelled (i.e. guns or missiles are mounted on a truck or tracked chassis) or easily towed. Even systems that consist of many components (transporter/erector/launchers, radars, command posts etc.) benefit from being mounted on a fleet of vehicles. In general, a fixed system can be identified, attacked and destroyed whereas a mobile system can show up in places where it is not expected. Soviet systems especially concentrate on mobility, after the lessons learnt in the Vietnam war between the USA and Vietnam. For more information on this part of the conflict, see SA-2 Guideline.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: Most

text: modern

text: air

text: defence

text: systems

text: are

text: fairly

text: mobile

text: Even

text: the

text: larger

text: systems

text: tend

text: to

text: be

text: mounted

text: on

text: trailers

text: and

text: are

text: designed

text: to

text: be

text: fairly

text: quickly

text: broken

text: down

text: or

text: set

text: up

text: In

text: the

text: past

text: this

text: was

text: not

text: always

text: the

text: case

text: Early

text: missile

text: systems

text: were

text: cumbersome

text: and

text: required

text: much

text: infrastructure

text: many

text: could

text: not

text: be

text: moved

text: at

text: all

text: With

text: the

text: diversification

text: of

text: air

text: defence

text: there

text: has

text: been

text: much

text: more

text: emphasis

text: on

text: mobility

text: Most

text: modern

text: systems

text: are

text: usually

text: either

text: self

text: propelled

text: i.e.

text: guns

text: or

text: missiles

text: are

text: mounted

text: on

text: a

text: truck

text: or

text: tracked

text: chassis

text: or

text: easily

text: towed

text: Even

text: systems

text: that

text: consist

text: of

text: many

text: components

text: transporter

text: erector

text: launchers

text: radars

text: command

text: posts

text: etc

text: benefit

text: from

text: being

text: mounted

text: on

text: a

text: fleet

text: of

text: vehicles

text: In

text: general

text: a

text: fixed

text: system

text: can

text: be

text: identified

text: attacked

text: and

text: destroyed

text: whereas

text: a

text: mobile

text: system

text: can

text: show

text: up

text: in

text: places

text: where

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: expected

text: Soviet

text: systems

text: especially

text: concentrate

text: on

text: mobility

text: after

text: the

text: lessons

text: learnt

text: in

text: the

text: Vietnam

text: war

text: between

text: the

text: USA

text: and

text: Vietnam

text: For

text: more

text: information

text: on

text: this

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: conflict

text: see

text: Guideline

question: Contemporary air defence systems are usually what?

answer: mobile

text: mobile

question: What are larger weapon systems usually mounted on?

answer: trailers

text: trailers

question: Radars, command posts and other such things are usually mounted on what?

answer: a fleet of vehicles

text: a fleet of vehicles

question: A mobile weapons system is likely to pop up where?

answer: places where it is not expected

text: places where it is not expected

question: What systems are really geared toward mobility?

answer: Soviet

text: Soviet


text: Distinguishing motifs of Islamic architecture have always been ordered repetition, radiating structures, and rhythmic, metric patterns. In this respect, fractal geometry has been a key utility, especially for mosques and palaces. Other features employed as motifs include columns, piers and arches, organized and interwoven with alternating sequences of niches and colonnettes. The role of domes in Islamic architecture has been considerable. Its usage spans centuries, first appearing in 691 with the construction of the Dome of the Rock mosque, and recurring even up until the 17th century with the Taj Mahal. And as late as the 19th century, Islamic domes had been incorporated into European architecture.

title: Muslim_world

title: Muslim_world

text: Distinguishing

text: motifs

text: of

text: Islamic

text: architecture

text: have

text: always

text: been

text: ordered

text: repetition

text: radiating

text: structures

text: and

text: rhythmic

text: metric

text: patterns

text: In

text: this

text: respect

text: fractal

text: geometry

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: key

text: utility

text: especially

text: for

text: mosques

text: and

text: palaces

text: Other

text: features

text: employed

text: as

text: motifs

text: include

text: columns

text: piers

text: and

text: arches

text: organized

text: and

text: interwoven

text: with

text: alternating

text: sequences

text: of

text: niches

text: and

text: colonnettes

text: The

text: role

text: of

text: domes

text: in

text: Islamic

text: architecture

text: has

text: been

text: considerable

text: Its

text: usage

text: spans

text: centuries

text: first

text: appearing

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: the

text: Dome

text: of

text: the

text: Rock

text: mosque

text: and

text: recurring

text: even

text: up

text: until

text: the

text: century

text: with

text: the

text: Taj

text: Mahal

text: And

text: as

text: late

text: as

text: the

text: century

text: Islamic

text: domes

text: had

text: been

text: incorporated

text: into

text: European

text: architecture

question: What are the main distinctive features of Islamic architecture?

answer: ordered repetition, radiating structures, and rhythmic, metric patterns

text: ordered repetition, radiating structures, and rhythmic, metric patterns

question: What physical characteristics are common in Islamic architecture?

answer: columns, piers and arches

text: columns, piers and arches

question: When did domes first appear in the architecture of the Muslim World?

answer: 691

question: Which mosque is believed to be the first with a dome?

answer: Dome of the Rock mosque

text: Dome of the Rock mosque

question: When was the Taj Mahal constructed?

answer: 17th century

text: 17th century

question: What first appeared in Muslim architecture in the 6th century?

text: domes

question: What mosque was built with a dome in the 6th century?

text: the Rock mosque

question: What structure was built using domes in the 1700's?

text: the Taj Mahal

question: Where were Islamic domes used iin the 1900's?

text: European architecture


text: In some design instances, materials used on walls and furniture play a key role in the lighting effect< for example dark paint tends to absorb light, making the room appear smaller and more dim than it is, whereas light paint does the opposite. In addition to paint, reflective surfaces also have an effect on lighting design.

title: Lighting

title: Lighting

text: In

text: some

text: design

text: instances

text: materials

text: used

text: on

text: walls

text: and

text: furniture

text: play

text: a

text: key

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: lighting

text: effect

text: for

text: example

text: dark

text: paint

text: tends

text: to

text: absorb

text: light

text: making

text: the

text: room

text: appear

text: smaller

text: and

text: more

text: dim

text: than

text: it

text: is

text: whereas

text: light

text: paint

text: does

text: the

text: opposite

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: paint

text: reflective

text: surfaces

text: also

text: have

text: an

text: effect

text: on

text: lighting

text: design

question: What type of paint tends to absorb light?

answer: dark paint

text: dark paint

question: What kind of paint makes a room a room look larger and brighter?

answer: light paint

text: light paint


text: In August 1836, two real estate entrepreneurs—Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen—from New York, purchased 6,642 acres (26.88 km2) of land along Buffalo Bayou with the intent of founding a city. The Allen brothers decided to name the city after Sam Houston, the popular general at the Battle of San Jacinto, who was elected President of Texas in September 1836. The great majority of slaves in Texas came with their owners from the older slave states. Sizable numbers, however, came through the domestic slave trade. New Orleans was the center of this trade in the Deep South, but there were slave dealers in Houston. Thousands of enslaved African-Americans lived near the city before the Civil War. Many of them near the city worked on sugar and cotton plantations, while most of those in the city limits had domestic and artisan jobs. In 1860 forty-nine percent of the city's population was enslaved. A few slaves, perhaps as many as 2,000 between 1835 and 1865, came through the illegal African trade. Post-war Texas grew rapidly as migrants poured into the cotton lands of the state. They also brought or purchased enslaved African Americans, whose numbers nearly tripled in the state from 1850 to 1860, from 58,000 to 182,566.

title: Houston

title: Houston

text: In

text: August

text: two

text: real

text: estate

text: entrepreneurs

text: Augustus

text: Chapman

text: Allen

text: and

text: John

text: Kirby

text: Allen

text: from

text: New

text: York

text: purchased

text: acres

text: of

text: land

text: along

text: Buffalo

text: Bayou

text: with

text: the

text: intent

text: of

text: founding

text: a

text: city

text: The

text: Allen

text: brothers

text: decided

text: to

text: name

text: the

text: city

text: after

text: Sam

text: Houston

text: the

text: popular

text: general

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: San

text: Jacinto

text: who

text: was

text: elected

text: President

text: of

text: Texas

text: in

text: September

text: The

text: great

text: majority

text: of

text: slaves

text: in

text: Texas

text: came

text: with

text: their

text: owners

text: from

text: the

text: older

text: slave

text: states

text: Sizable

text: numbers

text: however

text: came

text: through

text: the

text: domestic

text: slave

text: trade

text: New

text: Orleans

text: was

text: the

text: center

text: of

text: this

text: trade

text: in

text: the

text: Deep

text: South

text: but

text: there

text: were

text: slave

text: dealers

text: in

text: Houston

text: Thousands

text: of

text: enslaved

text: African

text: Americans

text: lived

text: near

text: the

text: city

text: before

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: Many

text: of

text: them

text: near

text: the

text: city

text: worked

text: on

text: sugar

text: and

text: cotton

text: plantations

text: while

text: most

text: of

text: those

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: limits

text: had

text: domestic

text: and

text: artisan

text: jobs

text: In

text: forty

text: nine

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: population

text: was

text: enslaved

text: A

text: few

text: slaves

text: perhaps

text: as

text: many

text: as

text: between

text: and

text: came

text: through

text: the

text: illegal

text: African

text: trade

text: Post

text: war

text: Texas

text: grew

text: rapidly

text: as

text: migrants

text: poured

text: into

text: the

text: cotton

text: lands

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: They

text: also

text: brought

text: or

text: purchased

text: enslaved

text: African

text: Americans

text: whose

text: numbers

text: nearly

text: tripled

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: from

text: to

text: from

text: to

question: Where were Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen from?

answer: New York

text: New York

question: How many acres of land did Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen purchase in 1836?

answer: 6,642

question: What was the reason the Allen brothers purchased land in 1836?

answer: founding a city

text: founding a city

question: Who did the Allen brothers name the city they founded after?

answer: Sam Houston

text: Sam Houston

question: In what year was Sam Houston elected President of Texas?

answer: 1836

question: Who bought land along Buffalo Bayou to build a city?

answer: Allen brothers

text: Allen brothers

question: How much land did the Allen brothers buy?

answer: 6,642 acres

text: 6,642 acres

question: After which famous general was the city named?

answer: Sam Houston

text: Sam Houston

question: In 1860 what percentage of the city's population was slaves?

answer: forty-nine percent

text: forty-nine percent

question: How much did the slave population of Houston increase from 1850 to 1860?

answer: tripled

text: tripled

question: Who originally came from Houston and moved to New York?

question: How many acres of land did Augustus Chapman Allen and John Kirby Allen purchase in 1936?

text: 6,642 acres

question: What was the reason the Allen brothers sold land in 1836?

text: founding a city

question: What did the Allen brothers name the city they founded after?

text: slave states

question: In 1830 what percentage of the city's population was slaves?