text: In February 1918, he was appointed Officer in Charge of Boys at the Royal Naval Air Service's training establishment at Cranwell. With the establishment of the Royal Air Force two months later and the transfer of Cranwell from Navy to Air Force control, he transferred from the Royal Navy to the Royal Air Force. He was appointed Officer Commanding Number 4 Squadron of the Boys' Wing at Cranwell until August 1918, before reporting to the RAF's Cadet School at St Leonards-on-Sea where he completed a fortnight's training and took command of a squadron on the Cadet Wing. He was the first member of the royal family to be certified as a fully qualified pilot. During the closing weeks of the war, he served on the staff of the RAF's Independent Air Force at its headquarters in Nancy, France. Following the disbanding of the Independent Air Force in November 1918, he remained on the Continent for two months as a staff officer with the Royal Air Force until posted back to Britain. He accompanied the Belgian monarch King Albert on his triumphal reentry into Brussels on 22 November. Prince Albert qualified as an RAF pilot on 31 July 1919 and gained a promotion to squadron leader on the following day.

title: George_VI

title: George_VI

text: In

text: February

text: he

text: was

text: appointed

text: Officer

text: in

text: Charge

text: of

text: Boys

text: at

text: the

text: Royal

text: Naval

text: Air

text: Service

text: 's

text: training

text: establishment

text: at

text: Cranwell

text: With

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Air

text: Force

text: two

text: months

text: later

text: and

text: the

text: transfer

text: of

text: Cranwell

text: from

text: Navy

text: to

text: Air

text: Force

text: control

text: he

text: transferred

text: from

text: the

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: to

text: the

text: Royal

text: Air

text: Force

text: He

text: was

text: appointed

text: Officer

text: Commanding

text: Number

text: Squadron

text: of

text: the

text: Boys

text: Wing

text: at

text: Cranwell

text: until

text: August

text: before

text: reporting

text: to

text: the

text: RAF

text: 's

text: Cadet

text: School

text: at

text: St

text: Leonards

text: on

text: Sea

text: where

text: he

text: completed

text: a

text: fortnight

text: 's

text: training

text: and

text: took

text: command

text: of

text: a

text: squadron

text: on

text: the

text: Cadet

text: Wing

text: He

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: royal

text: family

text: to

text: be

text: certified

text: as

text: a

text: fully

text: qualified

text: pilot

text: During

text: the

text: closing

text: weeks

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: he

text: served

text: on

text: the

text: staff

text: of

text: the

text: RAF

text: 's

text: Independent

text: Air

text: Force

text: at

text: its

text: headquarters

text: in

text: Nancy

text: France

text: Following

text: the

text: disbanding

text: of

text: the

text: Independent

text: Air

text: Force

text: in

text: November

text: he

text: remained

text: on

text: the

text: Continent

text: for

text: two

text: months

text: as

text: a

text: staff

text: officer

text: with

text: the

text: Royal

text: Air

text: Force

text: until

text: posted

text: back

text: to

text: Britain

text: He

text: accompanied

text: the

text: Belgian

text: monarch

text: King

text: Albert

text: on

text: his

text: triumphal

text: reentry

text: into

text: Brussels

text: on

text: November

text: Prince

text: Albert

text: qualified

text: as

text: an

text: RAF

text: pilot

text: on

text: July

text: and

text: gained

text: a

text: promotion

text: to

text: squadron

text: leader

text: on

text: the

text: following

text: day

question: What position was Albert appointed at Cranwell?

answer: Officer in Charge of Boys at the Royal Naval Air Service

text: Officer in Charge of Boys at the Royal Naval Air Service

question: Which number squadron was Albert appointed commanding officer in 1918?

answer: 4

question: What year did Albert become a RAF pilot?

answer: 1919

question: Who was the king of Belgium  in 1918?

answer: King Albert

text: King Albert

question: In what year was the Royal Air Force established?

question: Where was the Royal Navy's headquarters?

text: Nancy, France

question: On what date did the World War end?

text: 31 July 1919

question: On what date in November 1918 was the Independent Air Force disbanded?

question: In what year did King Albert have to leave Belgium?


text: The Slavs under name of the Antes and the Sclaveni make their first appearance in Byzantine records in the early 6th century. Byzantine historiographers under Justinian I (527–565), such as Procopius of Caesarea, Jordanes and Theophylact Simocatta describe tribes of these names emerging from the area of the Carpathian Mountains, the lower Danube and the Black Sea, invading the Danubian provinces of the Eastern Empire.

title: Slavs

title: Slavs

text: The

text: Slavs

text: under

text: name

text: of

text: the

text: Antes

text: and

text: the

text: Sclaveni

text: make

text: their

text: first

text: appearance

text: in

text: Byzantine

text: records

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: Byzantine

text: historiographers

text: under

text: Justinian

text: I

text: such

text: as

text: Procopius

text: of

text: Caesarea

text: Jordanes

text: and

text: Theophylact

text: Simocatta

text: describe

text: tribes

text: of

text: these

text: names

text: emerging

text: from

text: the

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: Carpathian

text: Mountains

text: the

text: lower

text: Danube

text: and

text: the

text: Black

text: Sea

text: invading

text: the

text: Danubian

text: provinces

text: of

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Empire

question: The Slavs make their first appearance in Byzantine records when?

answer: in the early 6th century

text: in the early 6th century

question: The Slavs were under what name in the early 6th century?

answer: the Antes and the Sclaveni

text: the Antes and the Sclaveni

question: According to Byzantine historiographers, tribes of Slavs emerged from what areas?

answer: the Carpathian Mountains, the lower Danube and the Black Sea

text: the Carpathian Mountains, the lower Danube and the Black Sea

question: Tribes of Slavs were invading what provinces of the Eastern Empire?

answer: the Danubian provinces

text: the Danubian provinces

question: Under whose reign did Byzantine historiographers describe Slavic tribes?

answer: under Justinian I

text: under Justinian I

question: When do Byzantine records begin?

text: early 6th century

question: When did Procopius of Caesarea live?

question: Where was Jordanes from?

text: Caesarea

question: What was another name for Byzantine?

text: Antes and the Sclaveni

question: What mountains did the Byzantine people come from?

text: Carpathian


text: West was arrested again on November 14, 2008 at the Hilton hotel near Gateshead after another scuffle involving a photographer outside the famous Tup Tup Palace nightclub in Newcastle upon Tyne. He was later released "with no further action", according to a police spokesperson.

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: West

text: was

text: arrested

text: again

text: on

text: November

text: at

text: the

text: Hilton

text: hotel

text: near

text: Gateshead

text: after

text: another

text: scuffle

text: involving

text: a

text: photographer

text: outside

text: the

text: famous

text: Tup

text: Tup

text: Palace

text: nightclub

text: in

text: Newcastle

text: upon

text: Tyne

text: He

text: was

text: later

text: released

text: with

text: no

text: further

text: action

text: according

text: to

text: a

text: police

text: spokesperson

question: What was Kanye second arrest for?

answer: scuffle involving a photographer outside the famous Tup Tup Palace nightclub in Newcastle

text: scuffle involving a photographer outside the famous Tup Tup Palace nightclub in Newcastle

question: What was the date of Kanye's second arrest?

answer: November 14, 2008

text: November 14, 2008

question: Where was Kanye arrested at for the second time?

answer: Hilton hotel near Gateshead

text: Hilton hotel near Gateshead

question: At what location did the incident leading to West's second arrest take place?

answer: Tup Tup Palace nightclub

text: Tup Tup Palace nightclub


text: In the early 1970s, Universal teamed up with Paramount Pictures to form Cinema International Corporation, which distributed films by Paramount and Universal worldwide. Though Universal did produce occasional hits, among them Airport (1970), The Sting (1973), American Graffiti (also 1973), Earthquake (1974), and a big box-office success which restored the company's fortunes: Jaws (1975), Universal during the decade was primarily a television studio. When Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer purchased United Artists in 1981, MGM could not drop out of the CIC venture to merge with United Artists overseas operations. However, with future film productions from both names being released through the MGM/UA Entertainment plate, CIC decided to merge UA's international units with MGM and reformed as United International Pictures. There would be other film hits like E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982), Back to the Future (1985), Field of Dreams (1989), and Jurassic Park (1993), but the film business was financially unpredictable. UIP began distributing films by start-up studio DreamWorks in 1997, due to connections the founders have with Paramount, Universal, and Amblin Entertainment. In 2001, MGM dropped out of the UIP venture, and went with 20th Century Fox's international arm to handle distribution of their titles to this day.

title: Universal_Studios

title: Universal_Studios

text: In

text: the

text: early

text: Universal

text: teamed

text: up

text: with

text: Paramount

text: Pictures

text: to

text: form

text: Cinema

text: International

text: Corporation

text: which

text: distributed

text: films

text: by

text: Paramount

text: and

text: Universal

text: worldwide

text: Though

text: Universal

text: did

text: produce

text: occasional

text: hits

text: among

text: them

text: Airport

text: The

text: Sting

text: American

text: Graffiti

text: also

text: Earthquake

text: and

text: a

text: big

text: box

text: office

text: success

text: which

text: restored

text: the

text: company

text: 's

text: fortunes

text: Jaws

text: Universal

text: during

text: the

text: decade

text: was

text: primarily

text: a

text: television

text: studio

text: When

text: Metro

text: Goldwyn

text: Mayer

text: purchased

text: United

text: Artists

text: in

text: MGM

text: could

text: not

text: drop

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: CIC

text: venture

text: to

text: merge

text: with

text: United

text: Artists

text: overseas

text: operations

text: However

text: with

text: future

text: film

text: productions

text: from

text: both

text: names

text: being

text: released

text: through

text: the

text: MGM

text: UA

text: Entertainment

text: plate

text: CIC

text: decided

text: to

text: merge

text: UA

text: 's

text: international

text: units

text: with

text: MGM

text: and

text: reformed

text: as

text: United

text: International

text: Pictures

text: There

text: would

text: be

text: other

text: film

text: hits

text: like

text: E.T.

text: the

text: Extra

text: Terrestrial

text: Back

text: to

text: the

text: Future

text: Field

text: of

text: Dreams

text: and

text: Jurassic

text: Park

text: but

text: the

text: film

text: business

text: was

text: financially

text: unpredictable

text: UIP

text: began

text: distributing

text: films

text: by

text: start

text: up

text: studio

text: DreamWorks

text: in

text: due

text: to

text: connections

text: the

text: founders

text: have

text: with

text: Paramount

text: Universal

text: and

text: Amblin

text: Entertainment

text: In

text: MGM

text: dropped

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: UIP

text: venture

text: and

text: went

text: with

text: Century

text: Fox

text: 's

text: international

text: arm

text: to

text: handle

text: distribution

text: of

text: their

text: titles

text: to

text: this

text: day

question: Who partnered with Universal in the creation of Cinema International Corporation?

answer: Paramount Pictures

text: Paramount Pictures

question: In what year was the film Airport made?

answer: 1970s

question: What Universal hit film was produced in 1974?

answer: Earthquake

text: Earthquake

question: What company was purchased by MGM in 1981?

answer: United Artists

text: United Artists

question: When did United International Pictures start distributing films for DreamWorks?

answer: 1997

question: What company did Universal team up with in 1970?

text: Paramount Pictures

question: What company was formed in 1970?

text: Cinema International Corporation

question: What does MMG stand for?

text: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer

question: Who dropped out of the UIP venture in 2001?

text: MGM

question: Who did UIP join in 2001?

text: 20th Century Fox


text: However, during this period, major figures and artists in the scene began leaning away from underground aesthetics. In the music press, the increasingly esoteric writing of post-punk publications soon began to alienate their readerships; it is estimated that within several years, NME suffered the loss of half its circulation. Writers like Paul Morley began advocating "overground brightness" instead of the experimental sensibilities promoted in early years. Morley's own musical collaboration with engineer Gary Langan and programmer J. J. Jeczalik, the Art of Noise, would attempt to bring sampled and electronic sounds to the pop mainstream. A variety of more pop-oriented groups, including ABC, the Associates, Adam and the Ants and Bow Wow Wow (the latter two managed by former Sex Pistols manager Malcolm McLaren) emerged in tandem with the development of the New Romantic subcultural scene. Emphasizing glamour, fashion, and escapism in distinction to the experimental seriousness of earlier post-punk groups, the club-oriented scene drew some suspicion from denizens of the movement.

title: Post-punk

title: Post

title: punk

text: However

text: during

text: this

text: period

text: major

text: figures

text: and

text: artists

text: in

text: the

text: scene

text: began

text: leaning

text: away

text: from

text: underground

text: aesthetics

text: In

text: the

text: music

text: press

text: the

text: increasingly

text: esoteric

text: writing

text: of

text: post

text: punk

text: publications

text: soon

text: began

text: to

text: alienate

text: their

text: readerships

text: it

text: is

text: estimated

text: that

text: within

text: several

text: years

text: NME

text: suffered

text: the

text: loss

text: of

text: half

text: its

text: circulation

text: Writers

text: like

text: Paul

text: Morley

text: began

text: advocating

text: overground

text: brightness

text: instead

text: of

text: the

text: experimental

text: sensibilities

text: promoted

text: in

text: early

text: years

text: Morley

text: 's

text: own

text: musical

text: collaboration

text: with

text: engineer

text: Gary

text: Langan

text: and

text: programmer

text: J.

text: J.

text: Jeczalik

text: the

text: Art

text: of

text: Noise

text: would

text: attempt

text: to

text: bring

text: sampled

text: and

text: electronic

text: sounds

text: to

text: the

text: pop

text: mainstream

text: A

text: variety

text: of

text: more

text: pop

text: oriented

text: groups

text: including

text: ABC

text: the

text: Associates

text: Adam

text: and

text: the

text: Ants

text: and

text: Bow

text: Wow

text: Wow

text: the

text: latter

text: two

text: managed

text: by

text: former

text: Sex

text: Pistols

text: manager

text: Malcolm

text: McLaren

text: emerged

text: in

text: tandem

text: with

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: New

text: Romantic

text: subcultural

text: scene

text: Emphasizing

text: glamour

text: fashion

text: and

text: escapism

text: in

text: distinction

text: to

text: the

text: experimental

text: seriousness

text: of

text: earlier

text: post

text: punk

text: groups

text: the

text: club

text: oriented

text: scene

text: drew

text: some

text: suspicion

text: from

text: denizens

text: of

text: the

text: movement

question: Many of the big players in the post-punk scene began leaning away from what as time progressed?

answer: underground aesthetics

text: underground aesthetics

question: What did the magazines catering to post-punk interest do to alienate their readers?

answer: increasingly esoteric writing

text: increasingly esoteric writing

question: Which magazine tied to the post-punk movement lost half of its circulation?

answer: NME

text: NME

question: What writer advocated "overground brightness"?

answer: Paul Morley

text: Paul Morley

question: What did the club-oriented scene emphasize instead of the experimental seriousness of earlier post-punk groups?

answer: glamour, fashion, and escapism

text: glamour, fashion, and escapism

question: What did authors and artists begin advocating for instead of the underground scene?

answer: overground brightness

text: overground brightness

question: What began to alienate the readers from publications such as NME?

answer: increasingly esoteric writing

text: increasingly esoteric writing

question: Who did Paul Morley collaborate with on the Art of Noise?

answer: engineer Gary Langan and programmer J. J. Jeczalik

text: engineer Gary Langan and programmer J. J. Jeczalik

question: What did the Art of Noise hope to accomplish?

answer: attempt to bring sampled and electronic sounds to the pop mainstream

text: attempt to bring sampled and electronic sounds to the pop mainstream

question: Which new cultural movement began to emphasize glam, escapism and fashion?

answer: New Romantic

text: New Romantic

question: Who did Morley not want to collaborate with?

question: What groups were not pop-oriented?

question: What scene did not emphasize fashion or glamour?

text: New Romantic

question: What scene was not club-oriented?

text: New Romantic

question: What music genre never had writing publications?

text: post-punk


text: Thus, the technological ability to detect any infectious agent rapidly and specifically are currently available. The only remaining blockades to the use of PCR as a standard tool of diagnosis are in its cost and application, neither of which is insurmountable. The diagnosis of a few diseases will not benefit from the development of PCR methods, such as some of the clostridial diseases (tetanus and botulism). These diseases are fundamentally biological poisonings by relatively small numbers of infectious bacteria that produce extremely potent neurotoxins. A significant proliferation of the infectious agent does not occur, this limits the ability of PCR to detect the presence of any bacteria.

title: Infection

title: Infection

text: Thus

text: the

text: technological

text: ability

text: to

text: detect

text: any

text: infectious

text: agent

text: rapidly

text: and

text: specifically

text: are

text: currently

text: available

text: The

text: only

text: remaining

text: blockades

text: to

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: PCR

text: as

text: a

text: standard

text: tool

text: of

text: diagnosis

text: are

text: in

text: its

text: cost

text: and

text: application

text: neither

text: of

text: which

text: is

text: insurmountable

text: The

text: diagnosis

text: of

text: a

text: few

text: diseases

text: will

text: not

text: benefit

text: from

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: PCR

text: methods

text: such

text: as

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: clostridial

text: diseases

text: tetanus

text: and

text: botulism

text: These

text: diseases

text: are

text: fundamentally

text: biological

text: poisonings

text: by

text: relatively

text: small

text: numbers

text: of

text: infectious

text: bacteria

text: that

text: produce

text: extremely

text: potent

text: neurotoxins

text: A

text: significant

text: proliferation

text: of

text: the

text: infectious

text: agent

text: does

text: not

text: occur

text: this

text: limits

text: the

text: ability

text: of

text: PCR

text: to

text: detect

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: any

text: bacteria

question: What technological ability with regards to detection is currently available?

answer: ability to detect any infectious agent

text: ability to detect any infectious agent

question: What are the remaining blockades to the use or PCR as a standard tool of diagnosis?

answer: cost and application

text: cost and application

question: What are some diseases which won't benefit from PCR methods?

answer: clostridial diseases

text: clostridial diseases

question: PCR can't detect the presence of any bacteria when what doesn't occur?

answer: significant proliferation of the infectious agent

text: significant proliferation of the infectious agent

question: What supernatural ability with regards to detection is currently available?

question: What are the remaining blockades to the removal of PCR as a standard tool of diagnosis?

text: cost and application

question: What are some diseases which help improve PCR methods?

text: clostridial diseases

question: Which blockades to use PCR are currently insurmountable?

text: cost and application

question: What diseases are considered fundamentally biological healing?

text: tetanus and botulism


text: Notable among a number of songs commonly played and sung at various events such as commencement and convocation, and athletic games are: "I’m a Jayhawk", "Fighting Jayhawk", "Kansas Song", "Sunflower Song", "Crimson and the Blue", "Red and Blue", the "Rock Chalk, Jayhawk" chant", "Home on the Range" and "Stand Up and Cheer."

title: University_of_Kansas

title: University_of_Kansas

text: Notable

text: among

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: songs

text: commonly

text: played

text: and

text: sung

text: at

text: various

text: events

text: such

text: as

text: commencement

text: and

text: convocation

text: and

text: athletic

text: games

text: are

text: I

text: ’m

text: a

text: Jayhawk

text: Fighting

text: Jayhawk

text: Kansas

text: Song

text: Sunflower

text: Song

text: Crimson

text: and

text: the

text: Blue

text: Red

text: and

text: Blue

text: the

text: Rock

text: Chalk

text: Jayhawk

text: chant

text: Home

text: on

text: the

text: Range

text: and

text: Stand

text: Up

text: and

text: Cheer

question: What are two events non-sports at which school songs are often heard?

answer: commencement and convocation

text: commencement and convocation

question: What are two songs that reference the school's team colors in their titles?

answer: "Crimson and the Blue", "Red and Blue"

text: "Crimson and the Blue", "Red and Blue"

question: What is the name of a song that references the state that KU serves?

answer: "Kansas Song"

text: "Kansas Song"

question: What is the name of a traditional American song that is associated with KU?

answer: "Home on the Range"

text: "Home on the Range"

question: What are three events non-sports at which school songs are often heard?

text: commencement and convocation

question: What are three songs that reference the school's team colors in their titles?

question: What is the name of a traditional Canadian song that is associated with KU?

text: "Home on the Range"

question: What is the name of a song that references the country that KU serves?

text: Kansas Song

question: What is the name of a traditional American song that is not associated with KU?

text: "Home on the Range"


text: Other influential Muslim philosophers include al-Jahiz, a pioneer in evolutionary thought; Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen), a pioneer of phenomenology and the philosophy of science and a critic of Aristotelian natural philosophy and Aristotle's concept of place (topos); Al-Biruni, a critic of Aristotelian natural philosophy; Ibn Tufail and Ibn al-Nafis, pioneers of the philosophical novel; Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi, founder of Illuminationist philosophy; Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, a critic of Aristotelian logic and a pioneer of inductive logic; and Ibn Khaldun, a pioneer in the philosophy of history.

title: Muslim_world

title: Muslim_world

text: Other

text: influential

text: Muslim

text: philosophers

text: include

text: al

text: Jahiz

text: a

text: pioneer

text: in

text: evolutionary

text: thought

text: Ibn

text: al

text: Haytham

text: Alhazen

text: a

text: pioneer

text: of

text: phenomenology

text: and

text: the

text: philosophy

text: of

text: science

text: and

text: a

text: critic

text: of

text: Aristotelian

text: natural

text: philosophy

text: and

text: Aristotle

text: 's

text: concept

text: of

text: place

text: topos

text: Al

text: Biruni

text: a

text: critic

text: of

text: Aristotelian

text: natural

text: philosophy

text: Ibn

text: Tufail

text: and

text: Ibn

text: al

text: Nafis

text: pioneers

text: of

text: the

text: philosophical

text: novel

text: Shahab

text: al

text: Din

text: Suhrawardi

text: founder

text: of

text: Illuminationist

text: philosophy

text: Fakhr

text: al

text: Din

text: al

text: Razi

text: a

text: critic

text: of

text: Aristotelian

text: logic

text: and

text: a

text: pioneer

text: of

text: inductive

text: logic

text: and

text: Ibn

text: Khaldun

text: a

text: pioneer

text: in

text: the

text: philosophy

text: of

text: history

question: Which philosopher of the Muslim world is considered an important author of work on evolution?

answer: al-Jahiz

text: al-Jahiz

question: Ibn al-Haytham can be known by another name, what is it?

answer: Alhazen

text: Alhazen

question: What type of work is Ibn al-Haytham known to have pioneered?

answer: phenomenology and the philosophy of science

text: phenomenology and the philosophy of science

question: Who is considered to have been the one that founded Illuminationist philosophy?

answer: Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi

text: Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi

question: Which philosopher in the Muslim world championed inductive logic in their works?

answer: Fakhr al-Din al-Razi

text: Fakhr al-Din al-Razi

question: Who is credited with further developing Illuinationist philosophy?

text: Shahab al-Din Suhrawardi,

question: What natural philosophy did Tufail ctiticize?

text: Aristotelian natural philosophy

question: What logic did AlpBiruni criticize?

text: Aristotelian logic


text: In the fall of 1958, Nasser formed a tripartite committee consisting of Zakaria Mohieddin, al-Hawrani, and Salah Bitar to oversee developments in Syria. By moving the latter two, who were Ba'athists, to Cairo, he neutralized important political figures who had their own ideas about how Syria should be run. He put Syria under Sarraj, who effectively reduced the province to a police state by imprisoning and exiling landholders who objected to the introduction of Egyptian agricultural reform in Syria, as well as communists. Following the Lebanese election of Fuad Chehab in September 1958, relations between Lebanon and the UAR improved considerably. On 25 March 1959, Chehab and Nasser met at the Lebanese–Syrian border and compromised on an end to the Lebanese crisis.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: In

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: Nasser

text: formed

text: a

text: tripartite

text: committee

text: consisting

text: of

text: Zakaria

text: Mohieddin

text: al

text: Hawrani

text: and

text: Salah

text: Bitar

text: to

text: oversee

text: developments

text: in

text: Syria

text: By

text: moving

text: the

text: latter

text: two

text: who

text: were

text: Ba'athists

text: to

text: Cairo

text: he

text: neutralized

text: important

text: political

text: figures

text: who

text: had

text: their

text: own

text: ideas

text: about

text: how

text: Syria

text: should

text: be

text: run

text: He

text: put

text: Syria

text: under

text: Sarraj

text: who

text: effectively

text: reduced

text: the

text: province

text: to

text: a

text: police

text: state

text: by

text: imprisoning

text: and

text: exiling

text: landholders

text: who

text: objected

text: to

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: Egyptian

text: agricultural

text: reform

text: in

text: Syria

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: communists

text: Following

text: the

text: Lebanese

text: election

text: of

text: Fuad

text: Chehab

text: in

text: September

text: relations

text: between

text: Lebanon

text: and

text: the

text: UAR

text: improved

text: considerably

text: On

text: March

text: Chehab

text: and

text: Nasser

text: met

text: at

text: the

text: Lebanese

text: Syrian

text: border

text: and

text: compromised

text: on

text: an

text: end

text: to

text: the

text: Lebanese

text: crisis

question: Who did Nasser appoint to run Syria?

answer: Sarraj

text: Sarraj

question: What was Syria like under Sarraj?

answer: police state

text: police state

question: Who did Lebanon elect in 1958?

answer: Fuad Chehab

text: Fuad Chehab

question: How did relations between Lebanon and the UAR change with Chehab's election?

answer: improved considerably

text: improved considerably

question: In what year did Nasser and Chehab agree to end the Lebanon crisis?

answer: 1959


text: Neptune's weather is characterised by extremely dynamic storm systems, with winds reaching speeds of almost 600 m/s (2,200 km/h; 1,300 mph)—nearly reaching supersonic flow. More typically, by tracking the motion of persistent clouds, wind speeds have been shown to vary from 20 m/s in the easterly direction to 325 m/s westward. At the cloud tops, the prevailing winds range in speed from 400 m/s along the equator to 250 m/s at the poles. Most of the winds on Neptune move in a direction opposite the planet's rotation. The general pattern of winds showed prograde rotation at high latitudes vs. retrograde rotation at lower latitudes. The difference in flow direction is thought to be a "skin effect" and not due to any deeper atmospheric processes. At 70° S latitude, a high-speed jet travels at a speed of 300 m/s.

title: Neptune

title: Neptune

text: Neptune

text: 's

text: weather

text: is

text: characterised

text: by

text: extremely

text: dynamic

text: storm

text: systems

text: with

text: winds

text: reaching

text: speeds

text: of

text: almost

text: m

text: s

text: km

text: h

text: mph)—nearly

text: reaching

text: supersonic

text: flow

text: More

text: typically

text: by

text: tracking

text: the

text: motion

text: of

text: persistent

text: clouds

text: wind

text: speeds

text: have

text: been

text: shown

text: to

text: vary

text: from

text: m

text: s

text: in

text: the

text: easterly

text: direction

text: to

text: m

text: s

text: westward

text: At

text: the

text: cloud

text: tops

text: the

text: prevailing

text: winds

text: range

text: in

text: speed

text: from

text: m

text: s

text: along

text: the

text: equator

text: to

text: m

text: s

text: at

text: the

text: poles

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: winds

text: on

text: Neptune

text: move

text: in

text: a

text: direction

text: opposite

text: the

text: planet

text: 's

text: rotation

text: The

text: general

text: pattern

text: of

text: winds

text: showed

text: prograde

text: rotation

text: at

text: high

text: latitudes

text: vs.

text: retrograde

text: rotation

text: at

text: lower

text: latitudes

text: The

text: difference

text: in

text: flow

text: direction

text: is

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: skin

text: effect

text: and

text: not

text: due

text: to

text: any

text: deeper

text: atmospheric

text: processes

text: At

text: S

text: latitude

text: a

text: high

text: speed

text: jet

text: travels

text: at

text: a

text: speed

text: of

text: m

text: s

question: What dynamic weather does Neptune have?

answer: storm

text: storm

question: What does Neptune's wind speeds reach?

answer: 600 m/s (2,200 km/h; 1,300 mph)

text: 600 m/s (2,200 km/h; 1,300 mph)

question: What is the high wind speed on Neptune's cloud tops?

answer: 400 m/s

text: 400 m/s

question: Which direction does Neptune's winds move relevant to the plant's rotation?

answer: opposite

text: opposite

question: What is the effect called that describes the flow direction on Neptune?

answer: skin effect

text: skin effect

question: What calm weather does Neptune have?

text: storm

question: What are the slowest Neptune's wind speeds?

text: 2,200 km/h; 1,300 mph

question: What is the low wind speed on Neptune's cloud tops?

text: 400 m/s

question: Which direction does Neptune's rain move relevant to the plant's rotation?

text: opposite

question: What is the effect called that describes the flow direction on Jupiter?

text: skin effect


text: Government phonology, which originated in the early 1980s as an attempt to unify theoretical notions of syntactic and phonological structures, is based on the notion that all languages necessarily follow a small set of principles and vary according to their selection of certain binary parameters. That is, all languages' phonological structures are essentially the same, but there is restricted variation that accounts for differences in surface realizations. Principles are held to be inviolable, though parameters may sometimes come into conflict. Prominent figures in this field include Jonathan Kaye, Jean Lowenstamm, Jean-Roger Vergnaud, Monik Charette, and John Harris.

title: Phonology

title: Phonology

text: Government

text: phonology

text: which

text: originated

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: as

text: an

text: attempt

text: to

text: unify

text: theoretical

text: notions

text: of

text: syntactic

text: and

text: phonological

text: structures

text: is

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: notion

text: that

text: all

text: languages

text: necessarily

text: follow

text: a

text: small

text: set

text: of

text: principles

text: and

text: vary

text: according

text: to

text: their

text: selection

text: of

text: certain

text: binary

text: parameters

text: That

text: is

text: all

text: languages

text: phonological

text: structures

text: are

text: essentially

text: the

text: same

text: but

text: there

text: is

text: restricted

text: variation

text: that

text: accounts

text: for

text: differences

text: in

text: surface

text: realizations

text: Principles

text: are

text: held

text: to

text: be

text: inviolable

text: though

text: parameters

text: may

text: sometimes

text: come

text: into

text: conflict

text: Prominent

text: figures

text: in

text: this

text: field

text: include

text: Jonathan

text: Kaye

text: Jean

text: Lowenstamm

text: Jean

text: Roger

text: Vergnaud

text: Monik

text: Charette

text: and

text: John

text: Harris

question: When was Government phonology first seen?

answer: the early 1980s

text: the early 1980s

question: Jonathan Kaye is an important person in what form of phonology?

answer: Government

text: Government

question: What is responsible for differences in surface realizations according to Government phonology?

answer: restricted variation

text: restricted variation

question: When were government principles first seen?

text: the early 1980s

question: Jonathan Kaye is an important person in what form of conflict?

text: Government

question: What is responsible for differences in surface realizations according to government conflict?

text: restricted variation

question: What vary according to their selection of government?

text: languages

question: What is true of all languages' field parameters?

text: essentially the same


text: Subsequently, Plato and Aristotle produced the first systematic discussions of natural philosophy, which did much to shape later investigations of nature. Their development of deductive reasoning was of particular importance and usefulness to later scientific inquiry. Plato founded the Platonic Academy in 387 BC, whose motto was "Let none unversed in geometry enter here", and turned out many notable philosophers. Plato's student Aristotle introduced empiricism and the notion that universal truths can be arrived at via observation and induction, thereby laying the foundations of the scientific method. Aristotle also produced many biological writings that were empirical in nature, focusing on biological causation and the diversity of life. He made countless observations of nature, especially the habits and attributes of plants and animals in the world around him, classified more than 540 animal species, and dissected at least 50. Aristotle's writings profoundly influenced subsequent Islamic and European scholarship, though they were eventually superseded in the Scientific Revolution.

title: History_of_science

title: History_of_science

text: Subsequently

text: Plato

text: and

text: Aristotle

text: produced

text: the

text: first

text: systematic

text: discussions

text: of

text: natural

text: philosophy

text: which

text: did

text: much

text: to

text: shape

text: later

text: investigations

text: of

text: nature

text: Their

text: development

text: of

text: deductive

text: reasoning

text: was

text: of

text: particular

text: importance

text: and

text: usefulness

text: to

text: later

text: scientific

text: inquiry

text: Plato

text: founded

text: the

text: Platonic

text: Academy

text: in

text: BC

text: whose

text: motto

text: was

text: Let

text: unversed

text: in

text: geometry

text: enter

text: here

text: and

text: turned

text: out

text: many

text: notable

text: philosophers

text: Plato

text: 's

text: student

text: Aristotle

text: introduced

text: empiricism

text: and

text: the

text: notion

text: that

text: universal

text: truths

text: can

text: be

text: arrived

text: at

text: via

text: observation

text: and

text: induction

text: thereby

text: laying

text: the

text: foundations

text: of

text: the

text: scientific

text: method

text: Aristotle

text: also

text: produced

text: many

text: biological

text: writings

text: that

text: were

text: empirical

text: in

text: nature

text: focusing

text: on

text: biological

text: causation

text: and

text: the

text: diversity

text: of

text: life

text: He

text: made

text: countless

text: observations

text: of

text: nature

text: especially

text: the

text: habits

text: and

text: attributes

text: of

text: plants

text: and

text: animals

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: around

text: him

text: classified

text: more

text: than

text: animal

text: species

text: and

text: dissected

text: at

text: least

text: Aristotle

text: 's

text: writings

text: profoundly

text: influenced

text: subsequent

text: Islamic

text: and

text: European

text: scholarship

text: though

text: they

text: were

text: eventually

text: superseded

text: in

text: the

text: Scientific

text: Revolution

question: Plato and Aristotle are known for systematically discussing what?

answer: natural philosophy

text: natural philosophy

question: What discussion technique are Plato and Aristotle responsible for?

answer: deductive reasoning

text: deductive reasoning

question: What year was the Platonic Academy founded?

answer: 387 BC

text: 387 BC

question: Aristotle introduced what theory?

answer: empiricism

text: empiricism

question: How many species of animals were classified by Aristotle?

answer: 540


text: In April 2016, Northwestern announced that it signed on to the Chicago Star Partnership, a City Colleges initiative. Through this partnership, Northwestern is one of 15 Illinois public and private universities that will "provide scholarships to students who graduate from Chicago Public Schools, get their associate degree from one of the city's community colleges, and then get admitted to a bachelor's degree program." The partnership was influenced by Mayor Rahm Emanuel, who encouraged local universities to increase opportunities for students in the public school district. The University of Chicago, Northeastern Illinois University, the School of the Art Institute, DePaul University and Loyola University are also part of the Star Scholars partnership.

title: Northwestern_University

title: Northwestern_University

text: In

text: April

text: Northwestern

text: announced

text: that

text: it

text: signed

text: on

text: to

text: the

text: Chicago

text: Star

text: Partnership

text: a

text: City

text: Colleges

text: initiative

text: Through

text: this

text: partnership

text: Northwestern

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: Illinois

text: public

text: and

text: private

text: universities

text: that

text: will

text: provide

text: scholarships

text: to

text: students

text: who

text: graduate

text: from

text: Chicago

text: Public

text: Schools

text: get

text: their

text: associate

text: degree

text: from

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: community

text: colleges

text: and

text: then

text: get

text: admitted

text: to

text: a

text: bachelor

text: 's

text: degree

text: program

text: The

text: partnership

text: was

text: influenced

text: by

text: Mayor

text: Rahm

text: Emanuel

text: who

text: encouraged

text: local

text: universities

text: to

text: increase

text: opportunities

text: for

text: students

text: in

text: the

text: public

text: school

text: district

text: The

text: University

text: of

text: Chicago

text: Northeastern

text: Illinois

text: University

text: the

text: School

text: of

text: the

text: Art

text: Institute

text: DePaul

text: University

text: and

text: Loyola

text: University

text: are

text: also

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Star

text: Scholars

text: partnership

question: What City College initiative did Northwestern announce signing on with in 2016?

answer: the Chicago Star Partnership

text: the Chicago Star Partnership

question: Who encouraged local universities to increase opportunities for students in the public school districts?

answer: Mayor Rahm Emanuel

text: Mayor Rahm Emanuel

question: Through the Chicago Star Partnership, what is provided to students from Chicago public schools that meet further educational criteria?

answer: scholarships

text: scholarships

question: Which mayor influenced the Chicago Star Partnership?

answer: Rahm Emanuel

text: Rahm Emanuel

question: What City College initiative did Southwestern announce signing on with in 2016?

text: Chicago Star Partnership

question: Who encouraged local universities to decrease opportunities for students in the public school districts?

text: Mayor Rahm Emanuel

question: Through the Chicago Star Partnership, what is provided to students from Chicago private schools that meet further educational criteria?

text: scholarships

question: Which mayor influenced the Illinois Star Partnership?

text: Rahm Emanuel


text: According to the endurance running hypothesis, long-distance running as in persistence hunting, a method still practiced by some hunter-gatherer groups in modern times, was likely the driving evolutionary force leading to the evolution of certain human characteristics. This hypothesis does not necessarily contradict the scavenging hypothesis: both subsistence strategies could have been in use – sequentially, alternating or even simultaneously.

title: Hunter-gatherer

title: Hunter

title: gatherer

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: endurance

text: running

text: hypothesis

text: long

text: distance

text: running

text: as

text: in

text: persistence

text: hunting

text: a

text: method

text: still

text: practiced

text: by

text: some

text: hunter

text: gatherer

text: groups

text: in

text: modern

text: times

text: was

text: likely

text: the

text: driving

text: evolutionary

text: force

text: leading

text: to

text: the

text: evolution

text: of

text: certain

text: human

text: characteristics

text: This

text: hypothesis

text: does

text: not

text: necessarily

text: contradict

text: the

text: scavenging

text: hypothesis

text: both

text: subsistence

text: strategies

text: could

text: have

text: been

text: in

text: use

text: sequentially

text: alternating

text: or

text: even

text: simultaneously

question: What is long-distance running as a food hunting-gathering technique?

answer: persistence hunting

text: persistence hunting

question: What theory says that long-distance running drove the evolution of some human traits?

answer: endurance running hypothesis

text: endurance running hypothesis

question: Who still practices persistence hunting?

answer: some hunter-gatherer groups

text: some hunter-gatherer groups

question: Besides the endurance running hypothesis, what other theory of food collection is there?

answer: scavenging hypothesis

text: scavenging hypothesis

question: What food gathering techniques could have been used by early man at the same time?

answer: both subsistence strategies

text: both subsistence strategies

question: Short-distance running was the driving evolutionary force for what?

question: What is a method practiced by all hunter-gatherer groups in modern times?

text: persistence hunting

question: The scavenging hypothesis is still practiced by which groups?

text: hunter-gatherer

question: What contradicts with the scavenging hypothesis?

text: the endurance running hypothesis


text: Television transmissions resumed from Alexandra Palace in 1946. The BBC Television Service (renamed "BBC tv" in 1960) showed popular programming, including drama, comedies, documentaries, game shows, and soap operas, covering a wide range of genres and regularly competed with ITV to become the channel with the highest ratings for that week. The channel also introduced the science fiction show Doctor Who on 23 November 1963 - at 17:16 - which went on to become one of Britain's most iconic and beloved television programmes.

title: BBC_Television

title: BBC_Television

text: Television

text: transmissions

text: resumed

text: from

text: Alexandra

text: Palace

text: in

text: The

text: BBC

text: Television

text: Service

text: renamed

text: BBC

text: tv

text: in

text: showed

text: popular

text: programming

text: including

text: drama

text: comedies

text: documentaries

text: game

text: shows

text: and

text: soap

text: operas

text: covering

text: a

text: wide

text: range

text: of

text: genres

text: and

text: regularly

text: competed

text: with

text: ITV

text: to

text: become

text: the

text: channel

text: with

text: the

text: highest

text: ratings

text: for

text: that

text: week

text: The

text: channel

text: also

text: introduced

text: the

text: science

text: fiction

text: show

text: Doctor

text: Who

text: on

text: November

text: at

text: which

text: went

text: on

text: to

text: become

text: one

text: of

text: Britain

text: 's

text: most

text: iconic

text: and

text: beloved

text: television

text: programmes

question: What was the name of the BBC changed to in 1960?

answer: BBC tv

text: BBC tv

question: What was the BBC's main competitor?

answer: ITV

text: ITV

question: What program debuted on November 23, 1963?

answer: Doctor Who

text: Doctor Who

question: Where did the BBC broadcast from following World War II?

answer: Alexandra Palace

text: Alexandra Palace

question: What happened with television transmissions in 1964?

text: resumed from Alexandra Palace

question: What was BBC Service Television renamed in 1960?

text: BBC tv

question: What show was introduced on 23 November 1973 at 16:16?

text: Doctor Who

question: What did the BBC do with the network, IVT?

text: competed with


text: West's middle-class background, flamboyant fashion sense and outspokenness have additionally set him apart from other rappers. Early in his career, he was among the first rappers to publicly criticize the preponderance of homophobia in hip hop. The sales competition between rapper 50 Cent's Curtis and West's Graduation altered the direction of hip hop and helped pave the way for new rappers who did not follow the hardcore-gangster mold. Rosie Swash of The Guardian viewed the sales competition as a historical moment in hip-hop, because it "highlighted the diverging facets of hip-hop in the last decade; the former was gangsta rap for the noughties, while West was the thinking man's alternative." Rolling Stone credited West with transforming hip hop's mainstream, "establishing a style of introspective yet glossy rap [...]", and called him "as interesting and complicated a pop star as the 2000s produced—a rapper who mastered, upped and moved beyond the hip-hop game, a producer who created a signature sound and then abandoned it to his imitators, a flashy, free-spending sybarite with insightful things to say about college, culture and economics, an egomaniac with more than enough artistic firepower to back it up." His 2008 album 808s & Heartbreak polarized both listeners and critics upon its release, but was commercially successful and impacted hip hop and pop stylistically, as it laid the groundwork for a new wave of artists who generally eschewed typical rap braggadocio for intimate subject matter and introspection, including Frank Ocean, The Weeknd, Drake, Future, Kid Cudi, Childish Gambino, Lil Durk, Chief Keef, and Soulja Boy. According to Ben Detrick of XXL magazine, West effectively led a new wave of artists, including Kid Cudi, Wale, Lupe Fiasco, Kidz in the Hall, and Drake, who lacked the interest or ability to rap about gunplay or drug-dealing.

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: West

text: 's

text: middle

text: class

text: background

text: flamboyant

text: fashion

text: sense

text: and

text: outspokenness

text: have

text: additionally

text: set

text: him

text: apart

text: from

text: other

text: rappers

text: Early

text: in

text: his

text: career

text: he

text: was

text: among

text: the

text: first

text: rappers

text: to

text: publicly

text: criticize

text: the

text: preponderance

text: of

text: homophobia

text: in

text: hip

text: hop

text: The

text: sales

text: competition

text: between

text: rapper

text: Cent

text: 's

text: Curtis

text: and

text: West

text: 's

text: Graduation

text: altered

text: the

text: direction

text: of

text: hip

text: hop

text: and

text: helped

text: pave

text: the

text: way

text: for

text: new

text: rappers

text: who

text: did

text: not

text: follow

text: the

text: hardcore

text: gangster

text: mold

text: Rosie

text: Swash

text: of

text: The

text: Guardian

text: viewed

text: the

text: sales

text: competition

text: as

text: a

text: historical

text: moment

text: in

text: hip

text: hop

text: because

text: it

text: highlighted

text: the

text: diverging

text: facets

text: of

text: hip

text: hop

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: decade

text: the

text: former

text: was

text: gangsta

text: rap

text: for

text: the

text: noughties

text: while

text: West

text: was

text: the

text: thinking

text: man

text: 's

text: alternative

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: credited

text: West

text: with

text: transforming

text: hip

text: hop

text: 's

text: mainstream

text: establishing

text: a

text: style

text: of

text: introspective

text: yet

text: glossy

text: rap

text: and

text: called

text: him

text: as

text: interesting

text: and

text: complicated

text: a

text: pop

text: star

text: as

text: the

text: produced

text: a

text: rapper

text: who

text: mastered

text: upped

text: and

text: moved

text: beyond

text: the

text: hip

text: hop

text: game

text: a

text: producer

text: who

text: created

text: a

text: signature

text: sound

text: and

text: then

text: abandoned

text: it

text: to

text: his

text: imitators

text: a

text: flashy

text: free

text: spending

text: sybarite

text: with

text: insightful

text: things

text: to

text: say

text: about

text: college

text: culture

text: and

text: economics

text: an

text: egomaniac

text: with

text: more

text: than

text: enough

text: artistic

text: firepower

text: to

text: back

text: it

text: up

text: His

text: album

text: Heartbreak

text: polarized

text: both

text: listeners

text: and

text: critics

text: upon

text: its

text: release

text: but

text: was

text: commercially

text: successful

text: and

text: impacted

text: hip

text: hop

text: and

text: pop

text: stylistically

text: as

text: it

text: laid

text: the

text: groundwork

text: for

text: a

text: new

text: wave

text: of

text: artists

text: who

text: generally

text: eschewed

text: typical

text: rap

text: braggadocio

text: for

text: intimate

text: subject

text: matter

text: and

text: introspection

text: including

text: Frank

text: Ocean

text: The

text: Weeknd

text: Drake

text: Future

text: Kid

text: Cudi

text: Childish

text: Gambino

text: Lil

text: Durk

text: Chief

text: Keef

text: and

text: Soulja

text: Boy

text: According

text: to

text: Ben

text: Detrick

text: of

text: XXL

text: magazine

text: West

text: effectively

text: led

text: a

text: new

text: wave

text: of

text: artists

text: including

text: Kid

text: Cudi

text: Wale

text: Lupe

text: Fiasco

text: Kidz

text: in

text: the

text: Hall

text: and

text: Drake

text: who

text: lacked

text: the

text: interest

text: or

text: ability

text: to

text: rap

text: about

text: gunplay

text: or

text: drug

text: dealing

question: What overabundance of themes did Kanye criticize early in his career?

answer: homophobia in hip hop

text: homophobia in hip hop

question: The shift away from what genre of rap is Kanye credited for?

answer: gangsta rap

text: gangsta rap

question: What kind of background did Kanye West grow up in?

answer: middle-class

text: middle-class

question: Who did Kanye West have a sales competition with during his album release of Graduation?

answer: 50 Cent

text: 50 Cent

question: Who said that Kanye West effectively led a new wave of artists that weren't only interested in rapping about gunplay or drug dealing?

answer: Ben Detrick

text: Ben Detrick


text: A few centuries later, coinciding with the first waves of the invading Germanic peoples (Suevi, Vandals and Alans, and later the Visigoths) and the power vacuum left by the demise of the Roman imperial administration, the church assumed the reins of power in the city and replaced the old Roman temples with religious buildings. With the Byzantine invasion of the southwestern Iberian peninsula in 554 the city acquired strategic importance. After the expulsion of the Byzantines in 625, Visigothic military contingents were posted there and the ancient Roman amphitheatre was fortified. Little is known of its history for nearly a hundred years; although this period is only scarcely documented by archeology, excavations suggest that there was little development of the city. During Visigothic times Valencia was an episcopal See of the Catholic Church, albeit a suffragan diocese subordinate to the archdiocese of Toledo, comprising the ancient Roman province of Carthaginensis in Hispania.

title: Valencia

title: Valencia

text: A

text: few

text: centuries

text: later

text: coinciding

text: with

text: the

text: first

text: waves

text: of

text: the

text: invading

text: Germanic

text: peoples

text: Suevi

text: Vandals

text: and

text: Alans

text: and

text: later

text: the

text: Visigoths

text: and

text: the

text: power

text: vacuum

text: left

text: by

text: the

text: demise

text: of

text: the

text: Roman

text: imperial

text: administration

text: the

text: church

text: assumed

text: the

text: reins

text: of

text: power

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: replaced

text: the

text: old

text: Roman

text: temples

text: with

text: religious

text: buildings

text: With

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: invasion

text: of

text: the

text: southwestern

text: Iberian

text: peninsula

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: acquired

text: strategic

text: importance

text: After

text: the

text: expulsion

text: of

text: the

text: Byzantines

text: in

text: Visigothic

text: military

text: contingents

text: were

text: posted

text: there

text: and

text: the

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: amphitheatre

text: was

text: fortified

text: Little

text: is

text: known

text: of

text: its

text: history

text: for

text: nearly

text: a

text: hundred

text: years

text: although

text: this

text: period

text: is

text: only

text: scarcely

text: documented

text: by

text: archeology

text: excavations

text: suggest

text: that

text: there

text: was

text: little

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: During

text: Visigothic

text: times

text: Valencia

text: was

text: an

text: episcopal

text: See

text: of

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: albeit

text: a

text: suffragan

text: diocese

text: subordinate

text: to

text: the

text: archdiocese

text: of

text: Toledo

text: comprising

text: the

text: ancient

text: Roman

text: province

text: of

text: Carthaginensis

text: in

text: Hispania

question: When did the Byzantines invade the Iberian peninsula?

answer: 554

question: When were the Byzantines expelled?

answer: 625

question: What archdiocese was Valencia under during the time of the Visigoths?

answer: Toledo

text: Toledo

question: Who took power in Valencia after the Roman administration was gone?

answer: the church

text: the church

question: After the Byzantines left, who was stationed in Valencia?

answer: Visigothic military contingents

text: Visigothic military contingents


text: Arsenal Football Club was formed as Dial Square in 1886 by workers at the Royal Arsenal in Woolwich, south-east London, and were renamed Royal Arsenal shortly afterwards. The club was renamed again to Woolwich Arsenal after becoming a limited company in 1893. The club became the first southern member of the Football League in 1893, starting out in the Second Division, and won promotion to the First Division in 1904. The club's relative geographic isolation resulted in lower attendances than those of other clubs, which led to the club becoming mired in financial problems and effectively bankrupt by 1910, when they were taken over by businessmen Henry Norris and William Hall. Norris sought to move the club elsewhere, and in 1913, soon after relegation back to the Second Division, Arsenal moved to the new Arsenal Stadium in Highbury, north London; they dropped "Woolwich" from their name the following year. Arsenal only finished in fifth place in the second division during the last pre-war competitive season of 1914–15, but were nevertheless elected to rejoin the First Division when competitive football resumed in 1919–20, at the expense of local rivals Tottenham Hotspur. Some books have reported that this election to division 1 was achieved by dubious means.

title: Arsenal_F.C.

title: Arsenal_F.C.

text: Arsenal

text: Football

text: Club

text: was

text: formed

text: as

text: Dial

text: Square

text: in

text: by

text: workers

text: at

text: the

text: Royal

text: Arsenal

text: in

text: Woolwich

text: south

text: east

text: London

text: and

text: were

text: renamed

text: Royal

text: Arsenal

text: shortly

text: afterwards

text: The

text: club

text: was

text: renamed

text: again

text: to

text: Woolwich

text: Arsenal

text: after

text: becoming

text: a

text: limited

text: company

text: in

text: The

text: club

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: southern

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Football

text: League

text: in

text: starting

text: out

text: in

text: the

text: Second

text: Division

text: and

text: won

text: promotion

text: to

text: the

text: First

text: Division

text: in

text: The

text: club

text: 's

text: relative

text: geographic

text: isolation

text: resulted

text: in

text: lower

text: attendances

text: than

text: those

text: of

text: other

text: clubs

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: club

text: becoming

text: mired

text: in

text: financial

text: problems

text: and

text: effectively

text: bankrupt

text: by

text: when

text: they

text: were

text: taken

text: over

text: by

text: businessmen

text: Henry

text: Norris

text: and

text: William

text: Hall

text: Norris

text: sought

text: to

text: move

text: the

text: club

text: elsewhere

text: and

text: in

text: soon

text: after

text: relegation

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: Second

text: Division

text: Arsenal

text: moved

text: to

text: the

text: new

text: Arsenal

text: Stadium

text: in

text: Highbury

text: north

text: London

text: they

text: dropped

text: Woolwich

text: from

text: their

text: name

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: Arsenal

text: only

text: finished

text: in

text: fifth

text: place

text: in

text: the

text: second

text: division

text: during

text: the

text: last

text: pre

text: war

text: competitive

text: season

text: of

text: but

text: were

text: nevertheless

text: elected

text: to

text: rejoin

text: the

text: First

text: Division

text: when

text: competitive

text: football

text: resumed

text: in

text: at

text: the

text: expense

text: of

text: local

text: rivals

text: Tottenham

text: Hotspur

text: Some

text: books

text: have

text: reported

text: that

text: this

text: election

text: to

text: division

text: was

text: achieved

text: by

text: dubious

text: means

question: What group from the munitions plant in Woolwich formed the Arsenal club?

answer: workers

text: workers

question: By what year had Arsenal become a limited company?

answer: 1893

question: When did Arsenal move to Arsenal Stadium in Highbury?

answer: 1913

question: In which division was Arsenal ranked by the start of WWI?

answer: second division

text: second division

question: By 1920 where was Arsenal ranked in division?

answer: First Division

text: First Division

question: What was the average attendance of an Arsenal's game in 1913?

question: In what year was Henry Norris born?

question: In what year were the Tottenham Hotspur formed?

question: Who owned the Tottenham Hotspur in 1913?

text: Henry Norris and William Hall


text: Buddhism /ˈbudɪzəm/ is a nontheistic religion[note 1] or philosophy (Sanskrit: धर्म dharma; Pali: धम्म dhamma) that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha, commonly known as the Buddha ("the awakened one"). According to Buddhist tradition, the Buddha lived and taught in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, present-day Nepal sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE.[note 1] He is recognized by Buddhists as an awakened or enlightened teacher who shared his insights to help sentient beings end their suffering through the elimination of ignorance and craving. Buddhists believe that this is accomplished through the direct understanding and perception of dependent origination and the Four Noble Truths.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Buddhism

text: /ˈbudɪzəm/

text: is

text: a

text: nontheistic

text: religion[note

text: or

text: philosophy

text: Sanskrit

text: धर्म

text: dharma

text: Pali

text: धम्म

text: dhamma

text: that

text: encompasses

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: traditions

text: beliefs

text: and

text: spiritual

text: practices

text: largely

text: based

text: on

text: teachings

text: attributed

text: to

text: Gautama

text: Buddha

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Buddha

text: the

text: awakened

text: one

text: According

text: to

text: Buddhist

text: tradition

text: the

text: Buddha

text: lived

text: and

text: taught

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: present

text: day

text: Nepal

text: sometime

text: between

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: BCE.[note

text: He

text: is

text: recognized

text: by

text: Buddhists

text: as

text: an

text: awakened

text: or

text: enlightened

text: teacher

text: who

text: shared

text: his

text: insights

text: to

text: help

text: sentient

text: beings

text: end

text: their

text: suffering

text: through

text: the

text: elimination

text: of

text: ignorance

text: and

text: craving

text: Buddhists

text: believe

text: that

text: this

text: is

text: accomplished

text: through

text: the

text: direct

text: understanding

text: and

text: perception

text: of

text: dependent

text: origination

text: and

text: the

text: Four

text: Noble

text: Truths

question: What type of religion is Buddhism?

answer: nontheistic

text: nontheistic

question: What are the practices of Buddhism based on?

answer: teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha

text: teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha

question: Where did the Buddha live?

answer: present-day Nepal

text: present-day Nepal

question: How do Buddhists believe their suffering can be ended?

answer: through the direct understanding and perception of dependent origination and the Four Noble Truths

text: through the direct understanding and perception of dependent origination and the Four Noble Truths

question: What did the Buddha teach should be given up to end suffering?

answer: ignorance and craving

text: ignorance and craving

question: What type of religion is Buddhism?

answer: nontheistic religion

text: nontheistic religion

question: Who's teaching is Buddhism based upon?

answer: Gautama Buddha

text: Gautama Buddha

question: When was Buddha alive?

answer: between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE

text: between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE

question: Where did Buddha reside when he was alive?

answer: present-day Nepal

text: present-day Nepal

question: Who's teachings is Buddhism based upon?

answer: Gautama Buddha

text: Gautama Buddha

question: Where was Buddha thought to live?

answer: Nepal

text: Nepal

question: When approximately was Buddha alive?

answer: sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE

text: sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE

question: Buddhism is based on the teaching of who?

answer: Gautama Buddha

text: Gautama Buddha

question: How many noble truths are there?

answer: 4

question: Buddha was part of what subcontinent?

answer: Indian

text: Indian

question: Who is "the awakened one"

answer: Buddha

text: Buddha


text: Two assumptions underpinned the British approach to HAA fire; first, aimed fire was the primary method and this was enabled by predicting gun data from visually tracking the target and having its height. Second, that the target would maintain a steady course, speed and height. This HAA was to engage targets up to 24,000 feet. Mechanical, as opposed to igniferous, time fuses were required because the speed of powder burning varied with height so fuse length was not a simple function of time of flight. Automated fire ensured a constant rate of fire that made it easier to predict where each shell should be individually aimed.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: Two

text: assumptions

text: underpinned

text: the

text: British

text: approach

text: to

text: HAA

text: fire

text: first

text: aimed

text: fire

text: was

text: the

text: primary

text: method

text: and

text: this

text: was

text: enabled

text: by

text: predicting

text: gun

text: data

text: from

text: visually

text: tracking

text: the

text: target

text: and

text: having

text: its

text: height

text: Second

text: that

text: the

text: target

text: would

text: maintain

text: a

text: steady

text: course

text: speed

text: and

text: height

text: This

text: HAA

text: was

text: to

text: engage

text: targets

text: up

text: to

text: feet

text: Mechanical

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: igniferous

text: time

text: fuses

text: were

text: required

text: because

text: the

text: speed

text: of

text: powder

text: burning

text: varied

text: with

text: height

text: so

text: fuse

text: length

text: was

text: not

text: a

text: simple

text: function

text: of

text: time

text: of

text: flight

text: Automated

text: fire

text: ensured

text: a

text: constant

text: rate

text: of

text: fire

text: that

text: made

text: it

text: easier

text: to

text: predict

text: where

text: each

text: shell

text: should

text: be

text: individually

text: aimed

question: What was the primary method for HAA fire?

answer: aimed fire

text: aimed fire

question: Along with predicting the gun data from tracking the target, what else needed to be known about the target to enable the aimed fire?

answer: its height

text: its height

question: Another assumption was that the target would maintain a steady course along with what other two factors?

answer: speed and height

text: speed and height

question: Targets could be how many feet for the HAA to engage them?

answer: 24,000 feet

text: 24,000 feet

question: What kind of fuses were needed?

answer: Mechanical

text: Mechanical


text: The style of Georgian buildings is very variable, but marked by a taste for symmetry and proportion based on the classical architecture of Greece and Rome, as revived in Renaissance architecture. Ornament is also normally in the classical tradition, but typically rather restrained, and sometimes almost completely absent on the exterior. The period brought the vocabulary of classical architecture to smaller and more modest buildings than had been the case before, replacing English vernacular architecture (or becoming the new vernacular style) for almost all new middle-class homes and public buildings by the end of the period.

title: Georgian_architecture

title: Georgian_architecture

text: The

text: style

text: of

text: Georgian

text: buildings

text: is

text: very

text: variable

text: but

text: marked

text: by

text: a

text: taste

text: for

text: symmetry

text: and

text: proportion

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: classical

text: architecture

text: of

text: Greece

text: and

text: Rome

text: as

text: revived

text: in

text: Renaissance

text: architecture

text: Ornament

text: is

text: also

text: normally

text: in

text: the

text: classical

text: tradition

text: but

text: typically

text: rather

text: restrained

text: and

text: sometimes

text: almost

text: completely

text: absent

text: on

text: the

text: exterior

text: The

text: period

text: brought

text: the

text: vocabulary

text: of

text: classical

text: architecture

text: to

text: smaller

text: and

text: more

text: modest

text: buildings

text: than

text: had

text: been

text: the

text: case

text: before

text: replacing

text: English

text: vernacular

text: architecture

text: or

text: becoming

text: the

text: new

text: vernacular

text: style

text: for

text: almost

text: all

text: new

text: middle

text: class

text: homes

text: and

text: public

text: buildings

text: by

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: period

question: What classical architecture is Georgian architecture based on?

answer: Greece and Rome

text: Greece and Rome

question: What type of architecture did Georgian replace?

answer: English vernacular architecture

text: English vernacular architecture

question: Where is ornament typically not found in Georgian architecture?

answer: the exterior

text: the exterior

question: What does Georgian architecture have a distaste for?

text: symmetry and proportion

question: Where is ornament typically found one Georgian architecture?

text: exterior

question: And what type of architecture is ornament normally not restrained?

text: classical tradition

question: What type of building to do Georgian. Bring Renaissance architecture to?

text: smaller and more modest buildings


text: The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris or Canis familiaris) is a domesticated canid which has been selectively bred for millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: The

text: domestic

text: dog

text: Canis

text: lupus

text: familiaris

text: or

text: Canis

text: familiaris

text: is

text: a

text: domesticated

text: canid

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: selectively

text: bred

text: for

text: millennia

text: for

text: various

text: behaviors

text: sensory

text: capabilities

text: and

text: physical

text: attributes

question: What is the three word Latin name for domesticated dogs?

answer: Canis lupus familiaris

text: Canis lupus familiaris

question: What is Canis familiaris?

answer: domestic dog

text: domestic dog

question: How long has the domestic dog been selectively bred?

answer: millennia

text: millennia

question: Along with various behaviors and physical attributes, what were domestic dogs bred for?

answer: sensory capabilities

text: sensory capabilities


text: After the lengthy Iraq disarmament crisis culminated with an American demand that Iraqi President Saddam Hussein leave Iraq, which was refused, a coalition led by the United States and the United Kingdom fought the Iraqi army in the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Approximately 250,000 United States troops, with support from 45,000 British, 2,000 Australian and 200 Polish combat forces, entered Iraq primarily through their staging area in Kuwait. (Turkey had refused to permit its territory to be used for an invasion from the north.) Coalition forces also supported Iraqi Kurdish militia, estimated to number upwards of 50,000. After approximately three weeks of fighting, Hussein and the Ba'ath Party were forcibly removed, followed by 9 years of military presence by the United States and the coalition fighting alongside the newly elected Iraqi government against various insurgent groups.

title: Military_history_of_the_United_States

title: Military_history_of_the_United_States

text: After

text: the

text: lengthy

text: Iraq

text: disarmament

text: crisis

text: culminated

text: with

text: an

text: American

text: demand

text: that

text: Iraqi

text: President

text: Saddam

text: Hussein

text: leave

text: Iraq

text: which

text: was

text: refused

text: a

text: coalition

text: led

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: fought

text: the

text: Iraqi

text: army

text: in

text: the

text: invasion

text: of

text: Iraq

text: Approximately

text: United

text: States

text: troops

text: with

text: support

text: from

text: British

text: Australian

text: and

text: Polish

text: combat

text: forces

text: entered

text: Iraq

text: primarily

text: through

text: their

text: staging

text: area

text: in

text: Kuwait

text: Turkey

text: had

text: refused

text: to

text: permit

text: its

text: territory

text: to

text: be

text: used

text: for

text: an

text: invasion

text: from

text: the

text: north

text: Coalition

text: forces

text: also

text: supported

text: Iraqi

text: Kurdish

text: militia

text: estimated

text: to

text: number

text: upwards

text: of

text: After

text: approximately

text: three

text: weeks

text: of

text: fighting

text: Hussein

text: and

text: the

text: Ba'ath

text: Party

text: were

text: forcibly

text: removed

text: followed

text: by

text: years

text: of

text: military

text: presence

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: the

text: coalition

text: fighting

text: alongside

text: the

text: newly

text: elected

text: Iraqi

text: government

text: against

text: various

text: insurgent

text: groups

question: What demand did the US make before invading Iraq in 2003?

answer: that Iraqi President Saddam Hussein leave Iraq

text: that Iraqi President Saddam Hussein leave Iraq

question: How many US troops participated in the invasion?

answer: 250,000

question: What country refused to allow forces to stage within it?

answer: Turkey

text: Turkey

question: How long did the first phase of fighting last?

answer: approximately three weeks

text: approximately three weeks

question: How long did the US and its coalition partners have to occupy Iraq?

answer: 9 years

text: 9 years

question: What demand did the US make before invading Iraq in 2004?

question: How many UK troops participated in the invasion?

question: What country allowed forces to stage within it?

text: Turkey

question: How long did the second phase of fighting last?

text: three weeks

question: How long did the US and its coalition partners have to occupy Iran?

text: 9 years


text: At age eight, Beyoncé and childhood friend Kelly Rowland met LaTavia Roberson while in an audition for an all-girl entertainment group. They were placed into a group with three other girls as Girl's Tyme, and rapped and danced on the talent show circuit in Houston. After seeing the group, R&B producer Arne Frager brought them to his Northern California studio and placed them in Star Search, the largest talent show on national TV at the time. Girl's Tyme failed to win, and Beyoncé later said the song they performed was not good. In 1995 Beyoncé's father resigned from his job to manage the group. The move reduced Beyoncé's family's income by half, and her parents were forced to move into separated apartments. Mathew cut the original line-up to four and the group continued performing as an opening act for other established R&B girl groups. The girls auditioned before record labels and were finally signed to Elektra Records, moving to Atlanta Records briefly to work on their first recording, only to be cut by the company. This put further strain on the family, and Beyoncé's parents separated. On October 5, 1995, Dwayne Wiggins's Grass Roots Entertainment signed the group. In 1996, the girls began recording their debut album under an agreement with Sony Music, the Knowles family reunited, and shortly after, the group got a contract with Columbia Records.

title: Beyoncé

title: Beyoncé

text: At

text: age

text: eight

text: Beyoncé

text: and

text: childhood

text: friend

text: Kelly

text: Rowland

text: met

text: LaTavia

text: Roberson

text: while

text: in

text: an

text: audition

text: for

text: an

text: all

text: girl

text: entertainment

text: group

text: They

text: were

text: placed

text: into

text: a

text: group

text: with

text: three

text: other

text: girls

text: as

text: Girl

text: 's

text: Tyme

text: and

text: rapped

text: and

text: danced

text: on

text: the

text: talent

text: show

text: circuit

text: in

text: Houston

text: After

text: seeing

text: the

text: group

text: R&B

text: producer

text: Arne

text: Frager

text: brought

text: them

text: to

text: his

text: Northern

text: California

text: studio

text: and

text: placed

text: them

text: in

text: Star

text: Search

text: the

text: largest

text: talent

text: show

text: on

text: national

text: TV

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: Girl

text: 's

text: Tyme

text: failed

text: to

text: win

text: and

text: Beyoncé

text: later

text: said

text: the

text: song

text: they

text: performed

text: was

text: not

text: good

text: In

text: Beyoncé

text: 's

text: father

text: resigned

text: from

text: his

text: job

text: to

text: manage

text: the

text: group

text: The

text: move

text: reduced

text: Beyoncé

text: 's

text: family

text: 's

text: income

text: by

text: half

text: and

text: her

text: parents

text: were

text: forced

text: to

text: move

text: into

text: separated

text: apartments

text: Mathew

text: cut

text: the

text: original

text: line

text: up

text: to

text: four

text: and

text: the

text: group

text: continued

text: performing

text: as

text: an

text: opening

text: act

text: for

text: other

text: established

text: R&B

text: girl

text: groups

text: The

text: girls

text: auditioned

text: before

text: record

text: labels

text: and

text: were

text: finally

text: signed

text: to

text: Elektra

text: Records

text: moving

text: to

text: Atlanta

text: Records

text: briefly

text: to

text: work

text: on

text: their

text: first

text: recording

text: only

text: to

text: be

text: cut

text: by

text: the

text: company

text: This

text: put

text: further

text: strain

text: on

text: the

text: family

text: and

text: Beyoncé

text: 's

text: parents

text: separated

text: On

text: October

text: Dwayne

text: Wiggins

text: 's

text: Grass

text: Roots

text: Entertainment

text: signed

text: the

text: group

text: In

text: the

text: girls

text: began

text: recording

text: their

text: debut

text: album

text: under

text: an

text: agreement

text: with

text: Sony

text: Music

text: the

text: Knowles

text: family

text: reunited

text: and

text: shortly

text: after

text: the

text: group

text: got

text: a

text: contract

text: with

text: Columbia

text: Records

question: Who decided to place Beyonce's group in Star Search the talent show?

answer: Arne Frager

text: Arne Frager

question: In 1995, who decided to manage the girls singing group?

answer: Beyoncé's father

text: Beyoncé's father

question: Who was the first record label to give the girls a record deal?

answer: Elektra Records

text: Elektra Records

question: Who brought Beyonce to California and enter her group in Star Search?

answer: Arne Frager

text: Arne Frager

question: In what year did Beyonce's father quit his job to manage her group?

answer: 1995

question: What large record company recorded Beyonce's group's first album?

answer: Sony Music

text: Sony Music

question: What record company first signed Beyonce's group and later cut them?

answer: Elektra Records

text: Elektra Records

question: At what age did Beyonce meet LaTavia Robertson?

answer: age eight

text: age eight

question: How old was Beyoncé when she met LaTavia Roberson?

answer: eight

text: eight

question: What was the name of the first group Beyoncé was a part of?

answer: Girl's Tyme

text: Girl's Tyme

question: Who placed Girl's Tyme in Star Search?

answer: Arne Frager

text: Arne Frager

question: When did Beyoncé begin to manage the girl group?

answer: 1995

question: Who signed the girl group on October 5, 1995?

answer: Dwayne Wiggins's Grass Roots Entertainment

text: Dwayne Wiggins's Grass Roots Entertainment


text: Before the 1950s, the department store held an eminent place in both Canada and Australia, during both the Great Depression and World War II. Since then, they have suffered from strong competition from specialist stores. Most recently the competition has intensified with the advent of larger-scale superstores (Jones et al. 1994; Merrilees and Miller 1997). Competition was not the only reason for the department stores' weakening strength; the changing structure of cities also affected them. The compact and centralized 19th century city with its mass transit lines converging on the downtown was a perfect environment for department store growth. But as residents moved out of the downtown areas to the suburbs, the large, downtown department stores became inconvenient and lost business to the newer suburban shopping malls. In 2003, U.S. department store sales were surpassed by big-box store sales for the first time (though some stores may be classified as "big box" by physical layout and "department store" by merchandise).

title: Department_store

title: Department_store

text: Before

text: the

text: the

text: department

text: store

text: held

text: an

text: eminent

text: place

text: in

text: both

text: Canada

text: and

text: Australia

text: during

text: both

text: the

text: Great

text: Depression

text: and

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Since

text: then

text: they

text: have

text: suffered

text: from

text: strong

text: competition

text: from

text: specialist

text: stores

text: Most

text: recently

text: the

text: competition

text: has

text: intensified

text: with

text: the

text: advent

text: of

text: larger

text: scale

text: superstores

text: Jones

text: et

text: al

text: Merrilees

text: and

text: Miller

text: Competition

text: was

text: not

text: the

text: only

text: reason

text: for

text: the

text: department

text: stores

text: weakening

text: strength

text: the

text: changing

text: structure

text: of

text: cities

text: also

text: affected

text: them

text: The

text: compact

text: and

text: centralized

text: century

text: city

text: with

text: its

text: mass

text: transit

text: lines

text: converging

text: on

text: the

text: downtown

text: was

text: a

text: perfect

text: environment

text: for

text: department

text: store

text: growth

text: But

text: as

text: residents

text: moved

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: downtown

text: areas

text: to

text: the

text: suburbs

text: the

text: large

text: downtown

text: department

text: stores

text: became

text: inconvenient

text: and

text: lost

text: business

text: to

text: the

text: newer

text: suburban

text: shopping

text: malls

text: In

text: U.S.

text: department

text: store

text: sales

text: were

text: surpassed

text: by

text: big

text: box

text: store

text: sales

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: though

text: some

text: stores

text: may

text: be

text: classified

text: as

text: big

text: box

text: by

text: physical

text: layout

text: and

text: department

text: store

text: by

text: merchandise

question: What is one type of competition department stores face?

answer: specialist stores

text: specialist stores

question: What types of stores have created even more competition?

answer: superstores

text: superstores

question: What factor lead to a decrease in department store shoppers?

answer: residents moved out of the downtown areas to the suburbs

text: residents moved out of the downtown areas to the suburbs

question: In what year were department store sales beaten by larger stores?

answer: 2003

question: What is one type of competition department stores never face?

text: specialist stores

question: What types of stores have created even less competition?

text: superstores

question: What types of stores haven't created even more competition?

text: superstores

question: What factor lead to a increase in department store shoppers?

question: In what year weren't department store sales beaten by larger stores?


text: In southern Europe, a Catholic coalition led by Philip II of Spain won a victory over the Ottoman fleet at the Battle of Lepanto (1571). It was a startling, if mostly symbolic, blow to the image of Ottoman invincibility, an image which the victory of the Knights of Malta against the Ottoman invaders in the 1565 Siege of Malta had recently set about eroding. The battle was far more damaging to the Ottoman navy in sapping experienced manpower than the loss of ships, which were rapidly replaced. The Ottoman navy recovered quickly, persuading Venice to sign a peace treaty in 1573, allowing the Ottomans to expand and consolidate their position in North Africa.

title: Ottoman_Empire

title: Ottoman_Empire

text: In

text: southern

text: Europe

text: a

text: Catholic

text: coalition

text: led

text: by

text: Philip

text: II

text: of

text: Spain

text: won

text: a

text: victory

text: over

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: fleet

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Lepanto

text: It

text: was

text: a

text: startling

text: if

text: mostly

text: symbolic

text: blow

text: to

text: the

text: image

text: of

text: Ottoman

text: invincibility

text: an

text: image

text: which

text: the

text: victory

text: of

text: the

text: Knights

text: of

text: Malta

text: against

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: invaders

text: in

text: the

text: Siege

text: of

text: Malta

text: had

text: recently

text: set

text: about

text: eroding

text: The

text: battle

text: was

text: far

text: more

text: damaging

text: to

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: navy

text: in

text: sapping

text: experienced

text: manpower

text: than

text: the

text: loss

text: of

text: ships

text: which

text: were

text: rapidly

text: replaced

text: The

text: Ottoman

text: navy

text: recovered

text: quickly

text: persuading

text: Venice

text: to

text: sign

text: a

text: peace

text: treaty

text: in

text: allowing

text: the

text: Ottomans

text: to

text: expand

text: and

text: consolidate

text: their

text: position

text: in

text: North

text: Africa

question: Which Spaniard led a battle in 1571?

answer: Philip II

text: Philip II

question: What battle did the Spanish win in 1571?

answer: Battle of Lepanto

text: Battle of Lepanto

question: What siege occurred in 1565?

answer: Siege of Malta

text: Siege of Malta

question: In what year did Venice sign a peace treaty with the Ottomans?

answer: 1573

question: After signing a peace treaty with Venice, in what region did the Ottoman empire expand?

answer: North Africa

text: North Africa


text: Currently, the rapid influx of northerners and immigrants from Latin America is steadily increasing ethnic and religious diversity: the number of Roman Catholics and Jews in the state has increased, as well as general religious diversity. The second-largest Protestant denomination in North Carolina after Baptist traditions is Methodism, which is strong in the northern Piedmont, especially in populous Guilford County. There are also a substantial number of Quakers in Guilford County and northeastern North Carolina. Many universities and colleges in the state have been founded on religious traditions, and some currently maintain that affiliation, including:

title: North_Carolina

title: North_Carolina

text: Currently

text: the

text: rapid

text: influx

text: of

text: northerners

text: and

text: immigrants

text: from

text: Latin

text: America

text: is

text: steadily

text: increasing

text: ethnic

text: and

text: religious

text: diversity

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: Roman

text: Catholics

text: and

text: Jews

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: has

text: increased

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: general

text: religious

text: diversity

text: The

text: second

text: largest

text: Protestant

text: denomination

text: in

text: North

text: Carolina

text: after

text: Baptist

text: traditions

text: is

text: Methodism

text: which

text: is

text: strong

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: Piedmont

text: especially

text: in

text: populous

text: Guilford

text: County

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: a

text: substantial

text: number

text: of

text: Quakers

text: in

text: Guilford

text: County

text: and

text: northeastern

text: North

text: Carolina

text: Many

text: universities

text: and

text: colleges

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: have

text: been

text: founded

text: on

text: religious

text: traditions

text: and

text: some

text: currently

text: maintain

text: that

text: affiliation

text: including

question: Immigrants from latin America coming to North Carolina is increasing what?

answer: ethnic and religious diversity

text: ethnic and religious diversity

question: What has happened to the number of Roman Catholics and Jews in North Carolina?

answer: increased

text: increased

question: Religious diversity in North Carolina has generally what?

answer: increased

text: increased

question: What is the second largest Protestant denomination in North Carolina?

answer: Methodism

text: Methodism

question: What county in Piedmont is methodism especially strong in?

answer: Guilford

text: Guilford


text: In the 1930s, record companies began issuing collections of 78 rpm records by one performer or of one type of music in specially assembled albums, typically with artwork on the front cover and liner notes on the back or inside cover. Most albums included three or four records, with two sides each, making six or eight tunes per album. When the 12-inch vinyl LP era began in 1949, the single record often had the same or similar number of tunes as a typical album of 78s, and was still often referred to as an "album".

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: In

text: the

text: record

text: companies

text: began

text: issuing

text: collections

text: of

text: rpm

text: records

text: by

text: one

text: performer

text: or

text: of

text: one

text: type

text: of

text: music

text: in

text: specially

text: assembled

text: albums

text: typically

text: with

text: artwork

text: on

text: the

text: front

text: cover

text: and

text: liner

text: notes

text: on

text: the

text: back

text: or

text: inside

text: cover

text: Most

text: albums

text: included

text: three

text: or

text: four

text: records

text: with

text: two

text: sides

text: each

text: making

text: six

text: or

text: eight

text: tunes

text: per

text: album

text: When

text: the

text: vinyl

text: LP

text: era

text: began

text: in

text: the

text: single

text: record

text: often

text: had

text: the

text: same

text: or

text: similar

text: number

text: of

text: tunes

text: as

text: a

text: typical

text: album

text: of

text: and

text: was

text: still

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: an

text: album

question: When were albums as we currently know them widely released?

answer: 1930s

question: What is typically found on the front cover of an album?

answer: artwork

text: artwork

question: How may records were commonly found in an album?

answer: three or four

text: three or four

question: When did the vinyl LP records Era begin?

answer: 1949

question: How many songs did most albums contain?

answer: six or eight

text: six or eight


text: Working closely in conjunction with the definition of the Near East provided by the State Department is the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA), an educational institution of the United States Department of Defense. It teaches courses and holds seminars and workshops for government officials and military officers who will work or are working within its region. As the name indicates, that region is a combination of State Department regions; however, NESA is careful to identify the State Department region. As its Near East is not different from the State Department's it does not appear in the table. Its name, however, is not entirely accurate. For example, its region includes Mauritania, a member of the State Department's Africa (Sub-Sahara).

title: Near_East

title: Near_East

text: Working

text: closely

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: the

text: definition

text: of

text: the

text: Near

text: East

text: provided

text: by

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: is

text: the

text: Near

text: East

text: South

text: Asia

text: Center

text: for

text: Strategic

text: Studies

text: NESA

text: an

text: educational

text: institution

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Department

text: of

text: Defense

text: It

text: teaches

text: courses

text: and

text: holds

text: seminars

text: and

text: workshops

text: for

text: government

text: officials

text: and

text: military

text: officers

text: who

text: will

text: work

text: or

text: are

text: working

text: within

text: its

text: region

text: As

text: the

text: name

text: indicates

text: that

text: region

text: is

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: State

text: Department

text: regions

text: however

text: NESA

text: is

text: careful

text: to

text: identify

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: region

text: As

text: its

text: Near

text: East

text: is

text: not

text: different

text: from

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: 's

text: it

text: does

text: not

text: appear

text: in

text: the

text: table

text: Its

text: name

text: however

text: is

text: not

text: entirely

text: accurate

text: For

text: example

text: its

text: region

text: includes

text: Mauritania

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: Department

text: 's

text: Africa

text: Sub

text: Sahara

question: Who works closely with the definition of the Near East?

answer: the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA)

text: the Near East South Asia Center for Strategic Studies (NESA)

question: What is NESA?

answer: an educational institution of the United States Department of Defense

text: an educational institution of the United States Department of Defense

question: What does NESA Teach?

answer: It teaches courses and holds seminars and workshops

text: It teaches courses and holds seminars and workshops