text: The essence of the information processing approach is to try to understand brain function in terms of information flow and implementation of algorithms. One of the most influential early contributions was a 1959 paper titled What the frog's eye tells the frog's brain: the paper examined the visual responses of neurons in the retina and optic tectum of frogs, and came to the conclusion that some neurons in the tectum of the frog are wired to combine elementary responses in a way that makes them function as "bug perceivers". A few years later David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel discovered cells in the primary visual cortex of monkeys that become active when sharp edges move across specific points in the field of view—a discovery for which they won a Nobel Prize. Follow-up studies in higher-order visual areas found cells that detect binocular disparity, color, movement, and aspects of shape, with areas located at increasing distances from the primary visual cortex showing increasingly complex responses. Other investigations of brain areas unrelated to vision have revealed cells with a wide variety of response correlates, some related to memory, some to abstract types of cognition such as space.

title: Brain

title: Brain

text: The

text: essence

text: of

text: the

text: information

text: processing

text: approach

text: is

text: to

text: try

text: to

text: understand

text: brain

text: function

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: information

text: flow

text: and

text: implementation

text: of

text: algorithms

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: influential

text: early

text: contributions

text: was

text: a

text: paper

text: titled

text: What

text: the

text: frog

text: 's

text: eye

text: tells

text: the

text: frog

text: 's

text: brain

text: the

text: paper

text: examined

text: the

text: visual

text: responses

text: of

text: neurons

text: in

text: the

text: retina

text: and

text: optic

text: tectum

text: of

text: frogs

text: and

text: came

text: to

text: the

text: conclusion

text: that

text: some

text: neurons

text: in

text: the

text: tectum

text: of

text: the

text: frog

text: are

text: wired

text: to

text: combine

text: elementary

text: responses

text: in

text: a

text: way

text: that

text: makes

text: them

text: function

text: as

text: bug

text: perceivers

text: A

text: few

text: years

text: later

text: David

text: Hubel

text: and

text: Torsten

text: Wiesel

text: discovered

text: cells

text: in

text: the

text: primary

text: visual

text: cortex

text: of

text: monkeys

text: that

text: become

text: active

text: when

text: sharp

text: edges

text: move

text: across

text: specific

text: points

text: in

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: view

text: a

text: discovery

text: for

text: which

text: they

text: won

text: a

text: Nobel

text: Prize

text: Follow

text: up

text: studies

text: in

text: higher

text: order

text: visual

text: areas

text: found

text: cells

text: that

text: detect

text: binocular

text: disparity

text: color

text: movement

text: and

text: aspects

text: of

text: shape

text: with

text: areas

text: located

text: at

text: increasing

text: distances

text: from

text: the

text: primary

text: visual

text: cortex

text: showing

text: increasingly

text: complex

text: responses

text: Other

text: investigations

text: of

text: brain

text: areas

text: unrelated

text: to

text: vision

text: have

text: revealed

text: cells

text: with

text: a

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: response

text: correlates

text: some

text: related

text: to

text: memory

text: some

text: to

text: abstract

text: types

text: of

text: cognition

text: such

text: as

text: space

question: The scientific paper, What the frog's eye tells the frog's brain was released in what year?

answer: 1959

question: Who won a Nobel Prize for the discovery that cells in the visual cortex of monkeys become active when sharp edges move?

answer: David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel

text: David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel


text: Manifold vacuum can be used to drive accessories on automobiles. The best-known application is the vacuum servo, used to provide power assistance for the brakes. Obsolete applications include vacuum-driven windscreen wipers and Autovac fuel pumps. Some aircraft instruments (Attitude Indicator (AI) and the Heading Indicator (HI)) are typically vacuum-powered, as protection against loss of all (electrically powered) instruments, since early aircraft often did not have electrical systems, and since there are two readily available sources of vacuum on a moving aircraft—the engine and an external venturi. Vacuum induction melting uses electromagnetic induction within a vacuum.

title: Vacuum

title: Vacuum

text: Manifold

text: vacuum

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: drive

text: accessories

text: on

text: automobiles

text: The

text: best

text: known

text: application

text: is

text: the

text: vacuum

text: servo

text: used

text: to

text: provide

text: power

text: assistance

text: for

text: the

text: brakes

text: Obsolete

text: applications

text: include

text: vacuum

text: driven

text: windscreen

text: wipers

text: and

text: Autovac

text: fuel

text: pumps

text: Some

text: aircraft

text: instruments

text: Attitude

text: Indicator

text: AI

text: and

text: the

text: Heading

text: Indicator

text: HI

text: are

text: typically

text: vacuum

text: powered

text: as

text: protection

text: against

text: loss

text: of

text: all

text: electrically

text: powered

text: instruments

text: since

text: early

text: aircraft

text: often

text: did

text: not

text: have

text: electrical

text: systems

text: and

text: since

text: there

text: are

text: two

text: readily

text: available

text: sources

text: of

text: vacuum

text: on

text: a

text: moving

text: aircraft

text: the

text: engine

text: and

text: an

text: external

text: venturi

text: Vacuum

text: induction

text: melting

text: uses

text: electromagnetic

text: induction

text: within

text: a

text: vacuum

question: What provides power assistance for auto brakes?

answer: vacuum servo

text: vacuum servo

question: What are two available sources of vacuum on a moving airplane?

answer: engine and an external venturi

text: engine and an external venturi

question: Why are the Attitude indicator and heading indicator vacuum-powered?

answer: protection against loss of all (electrically powered) instruments,

text: protection against loss of all (electrically powered) instruments,

question: What does a manifold vacuum do on a car?

answer: drive accessories

text: drive accessories

question: What no longer used accessories were powered by vacuum?

answer: vacuum-driven windscreen wipers and Autovac fuel pumps

text: vacuum-driven windscreen wipers and Autovac fuel pumps

question: What do electrical systems use within a vacuum?

text: electromagnetic induction

question: What can electrical systems be used to drive on automobiles?

text: accessories

question: What are electrical systems used to provide power assistance for on a car?

text: the brakes

question: What two instruments do electrical systems usually power on some aircraft?

question: Why are the AI and the HI usually powered by autovac fuel pumps?


text: Actor Dominic West has been unenthusiastic about the career benefits of being an Old Etonian, saying it "is a stigma that is slightly above 'paedophile' in the media in a gallery of infamy", but asked whether he would consider sending his own children there, said "Yes, I would. It’s an extraordinary place... It has the facilities and the excellence of teaching and it will find what you’re good at and nurture it", while the actor Tom Hiddleston says there are widespread misconceptions about Eton, and that "People think it's just full of braying toffs... It isn’t true... It's actually one of the most broadminded places I’ve ever been. The reason it’s a good school is that it encourages people to find the thing they love and to go for it. They champion the talent of the individual and that’s what’s special about it".

title: Eton_College

title: Eton_College

text: Actor

text: Dominic

text: West

text: has

text: been

text: unenthusiastic

text: about

text: the

text: career

text: benefits

text: of

text: being

text: an

text: Old

text: Etonian

text: saying

text: it

text: is

text: a

text: stigma

text: that

text: is

text: slightly

text: above

text: paedophile

text: in

text: the

text: media

text: in

text: a

text: gallery

text: of

text: infamy

text: but

text: asked

text: whether

text: he

text: would

text: consider

text: sending

text: his

text: own

text: children

text: there

text: said

text: Yes

text: I

text: would

text: It

text: ’s

text: an

text: extraordinary

text: place

text: It

text: has

text: the

text: facilities

text: and

text: the

text: excellence

text: of

text: teaching

text: and

text: it

text: will

text: find

text: what

text: you

text: ’re

text: good

text: at

text: and

text: nurture

text: it

text: while

text: the

text: actor

text: Tom

text: Hiddleston

text: says

text: there

text: are

text: widespread

text: misconceptions

text: about

text: Eton

text: and

text: that

text: People

text: think

text: it

text: 's

text: just

text: full

text: of

text: braying

text: toffs

text: It

text: is

text: n’t

text: true

text: It

text: 's

text: actually

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: broadminded

text: places

text: I

text: ’ve

text: ever

text: been

text: The

text: reason

text: it

text: ’s

text: a

text: good

text: school

text: is

text: that

text: it

text: encourages

text: people

text: to

text: find

text: the

text: thing

text: they

text: love

text: and

text: to

text: go

text: for

text: it

text: They

text: champion

text: the

text: talent

text: of

text: the

text: individual

text: and

text: that

text: ’s

text: what

text: ’s

text: special

text: about

text: it

question: According to actor Dominic Wes, would he send his children to Eton?

answer: Yes, I would.

text: Yes, I would.

question: According to actor Tom Hiddleston, that is special about Eton?

answer: They champion the talent of the individual

text: They champion the talent of the individual

question: Which actor states there are widespread misconceptions about Eton?

answer: Tom Hiddleston

text: Tom Hiddleston

question: Who was one of Tom Hiddleston's classmates at Eton?

text: Dominic West

question: What did Tom Hiddleston say about sending any potential kids to Eton?

question: What did Dominic West say about the perception of Eton being full of braying toffs?

question: Who was in the same House as Dominic West?

text: Tom Hiddleston


text: By 1990, inspired by the fall of the Berlin Wall, a pro-democracy movement arose. Pressure from the United States, France, and from a group of locally represented countries and agencies called GIBAFOR (France, the USA, Germany, Japan, the EU, the World Bank, and the UN) finally led Kolingba to agree, in principle, to hold free elections in October 1992 with help from the UN Office of Electoral Affairs. After using the excuse of alleged irregularities to suspend the results of the elections as a pretext for holding on to power, President Kolingba came under intense pressure from GIBAFOR to establish a "Conseil National Politique Provisoire de la République" (Provisional National Political Council, CNPPR) and to set up a "Mixed Electoral Commission", which included representatives from all political parties.[citation needed]

title: Central_African_Republic

title: Central_African_Republic

text: By

text: inspired

text: by

text: the

text: fall

text: of

text: the

text: Berlin

text: Wall

text: a

text: pro

text: democracy

text: movement

text: arose

text: Pressure

text: from

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: France

text: and

text: from

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: locally

text: represented

text: countries

text: and

text: agencies

text: called

text: GIBAFOR

text: France

text: the

text: USA

text: Germany

text: Japan

text: the

text: EU

text: the

text: World

text: Bank

text: and

text: the

text: UN

text: finally

text: led

text: Kolingba

text: to

text: agree

text: in

text: principle

text: to

text: hold

text: free

text: elections

text: in

text: October

text: with

text: help

text: from

text: the

text: UN

text: Office

text: of

text: Electoral

text: Affairs

text: After

text: using

text: the

text: excuse

text: of

text: alleged

text: irregularities

text: to

text: suspend

text: the

text: results

text: of

text: the

text: elections

text: as

text: a

text: pretext

text: for

text: holding

text: on

text: to

text: power

text: President

text: Kolingba

text: came

text: under

text: intense

text: pressure

text: from

text: GIBAFOR

text: to

text: establish

text: a

text: Conseil

text: National

text: Politique

text: Provisoire

text: de

text: la

text: République

text: Provisional

text: National

text: Political

text: Council

text: CNPPR

text: and

text: to

text: set

text: up

text: a

text: Mixed

text: Electoral

text: Commission

text: which

text: included

text: representatives

text: from

text: all

text: political

text: parties.[citation

text: needed

question: What was inspired by the fall of the Berlin wall?

answer: a pro-democracy movement

text: a pro-democracy movement

question: What large country pressured CAR to hold elections?

answer: the United States

text: the United States

question: When were free elections held?

answer: October 1992

text: October 1992

question: Who helped with the Free Elections?

answer: UN Office of Electoral Affairs

text: UN Office of Electoral Affairs

question: What excuse did Kolingba use to deny the election results?

answer: alleged irregularities

text: alleged irregularities

question: What group led Germany to have free elections in October 1992?

text: GIBAFOR

question: What was inspired by the USA?

text: a pro-democracy movement

question: What group helped GIBAFOR to pressure Germany to have free elections?

text: the UN Office of Electoral Affairs

question: What did Germany do to hold on to power?

question: What did GIBAFOR pressure Germany to establish?


text: After the English Civil War the Royal Citadel was built in 1666 on the east end of Plymouth Hoe, to defend the port from naval attacks, suppress Plymothian Parliamentary leanings and to train the armed forces. Guided tours are available in the summer months. Further west is Smeaton's Tower, which was built in 1759 as a lighthouse on rocks 14 miles (23 km) off shore, but dismantled and the top two thirds rebuilt on the Hoe in 1877. It is open to the public and has views over the Plymouth Sound and the city from the lantern room. Plymouth has 20 war memorials of which nine are on The Hoe including: Plymouth Naval Memorial, to remember those killed in World Wars I and II, and the Armada Memorial, to commemorate the defeat of the Spanish Armada.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: After

text: the

text: English

text: Civil

text: War

text: the

text: Royal

text: Citadel

text: was

text: built

text: in

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: end

text: of

text: Plymouth

text: Hoe

text: to

text: defend

text: the

text: port

text: from

text: naval

text: attacks

text: suppress

text: Plymothian

text: Parliamentary

text: leanings

text: and

text: to

text: train

text: the

text: armed

text: forces

text: Guided

text: tours

text: are

text: available

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: months

text: Further

text: west

text: is

text: Smeaton

text: 's

text: Tower

text: which

text: was

text: built

text: in

text: as

text: a

text: lighthouse

text: on

text: rocks

text: miles

text: km

text: off

text: shore

text: but

text: dismantled

text: and

text: the

text: top

text: two

text: thirds

text: rebuilt

text: on

text: the

text: Hoe

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: open

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: and

text: has

text: views

text: over

text: the

text: Plymouth

text: Sound

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: from

text: the

text: lantern

text: room

text: Plymouth

text: has

text: war

text: memorials

text: of

text: which

text: nine

text: are

text: on

text: The

text: Hoe

text: including

text: Plymouth

text: Naval

text: Memorial

text: to

text: remember

text: those

text: killed

text: in

text: World

text: Wars

text: I

text: and

text: II

text: and

text: the

text: Armada

text: Memorial

text: to

text: commemorate

text: the

text: defeat

text: of

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Armada

question: In what year was the Royal Citadel constructed?

answer: 1666

question: In the wake of what conflict was the Royal Citadel built?

answer: English Civil War

text: English Civil War

question: When was Smeaton's Tower first constructed?

answer: 1759

question: In kilometers, how far off the coast was Smeaton's Tower originally built?

answer: 23

question: What memorial commemorates the naval victory over the Spanish Armada?

answer: Armada Memorial

text: Armada Memorial


text: Whites (mainly of Afrikaner, German, British and Portuguese origin) make up between 4.0 and 7.0% of the population. Although their percentage of population is decreasing due to emigration and lower birth rates they still form the second-largest population of European ancestry, both in terms of percentage and actual numbers, in Sub-Saharan Africa (after South Africa). The majority of Namibian whites and nearly all those who are mixed race speak Afrikaans and share similar origins, culture, and religion as the white and coloured populations of South Africa. A large minority of whites (around 30,000) trace their family origins back to the German settlers who colonized Namibia prior to the British confiscation of German lands after World War One, and they maintain German cultural and educational institutions. Nearly all Portuguese settlers came to the country from the former Portuguese colony of Angola. The 1960 census reported 526,004 persons in what was then South-West Africa, including 73,464 whites (14%).

title: Namibia

title: Namibia

text: Whites

text: mainly

text: of

text: Afrikaner

text: German

text: British

text: and

text: Portuguese

text: origin

text: make

text: up

text: between

text: and

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: Although

text: their

text: percentage

text: of

text: population

text: is

text: decreasing

text: due

text: to

text: emigration

text: and

text: lower

text: birth

text: rates

text: they

text: still

text: form

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: population

text: of

text: European

text: ancestry

text: both

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: percentage

text: and

text: actual

text: numbers

text: in

text: Sub

text: Saharan

text: Africa

text: after

text: South

text: Africa

text: The

text: majority

text: of

text: Namibian

text: whites

text: and

text: nearly

text: all

text: those

text: who

text: are

text: mixed

text: race

text: speak

text: Afrikaans

text: and

text: share

text: similar

text: origins

text: culture

text: and

text: religion

text: as

text: the

text: white

text: and

text: coloured

text: populations

text: of

text: South

text: Africa

text: A

text: large

text: minority

text: of

text: whites

text: around

text: trace

text: their

text: family

text: origins

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: German

text: settlers

text: who

text: colonized

text: Namibia

text: prior

text: to

text: the

text: British

text: confiscation

text: of

text: German

text: lands

text: after

text: World

text: War

text: One

text: and

text: they

text: maintain

text: German

text: cultural

text: and

text: educational

text: institutions

text: Nearly

text: all

text: Portuguese

text: settlers

text: came

text: to

text: the

text: country

text: from

text: the

text: former

text: Portuguese

text: colony

text: of

text: Angola

text: The

text: census

text: reported

text: persons

text: in

text: what

text: was

text: then

text: South

text: West

text: Africa

text: including

text: whites

question: Whites make up how much of Namibia's population?

answer: 4.0 and 7.0%

text: 4.0 and 7.0%

question: What is the language of Namibia?

answer: Afrikaans

text: Afrikaans

question: Where do a large minority of whites trace their Namibian roots to?

answer: German settlers

text: German settlers

question: What was the population in South-West Africa in 1960?

answer: 526,004

question: How much of the population was white in South-West Africa in 1960?

answer: 73,464

question: How many people of British descent make up the population of Namibia?

question: What percentage of the Namibia population is German?

question: What is the most spoken language in Namibia?

text: Afrikaans

question: How many white people were there in Namibia in the 2000 census?

question: How many people in total was there in Namibia in the 2000 census?


text: The plains at the foot of the Sierra Madre Occidental is an elongated mesa known as Altiplanicie Mexicana that exhibits a steppe climate and serves as a transition zone from the mountain climate in the western part of the state to the desert climate in the eastern side of the state. The steppe zone accounts for a third of the state's area, and it experiences pronounced dry and wet seasons. The pronounced rainy season in the steppe is usually observed in the months of July, August, and September. The steppe also encounters extreme temperatures that often reach over 100 °F in the summer and drop below 32 °F in the winter. The steppe zone is an important agriculture zone due to an extensive development of canals exploiting several rivers that flow down from the mountains. The steppe zone is the most populated area of the state.

title: Chihuahua_(state)

title: Chihuahua_(state

text: The

text: plains

text: at

text: the

text: foot

text: of

text: the

text: Sierra

text: Madre

text: Occidental

text: is

text: an

text: elongated

text: mesa

text: known

text: as

text: Altiplanicie

text: Mexicana

text: that

text: exhibits

text: a

text: steppe

text: climate

text: and

text: serves

text: as

text: a

text: transition

text: zone

text: from

text: the

text: mountain

text: climate

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: to

text: the

text: desert

text: climate

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: The

text: steppe

text: zone

text: accounts

text: for

text: a

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: area

text: and

text: it

text: experiences

text: pronounced

text: dry

text: and

text: wet

text: seasons

text: The

text: pronounced

text: rainy

text: season

text: in

text: the

text: steppe

text: is

text: usually

text: observed

text: in

text: the

text: months

text: of

text: July

text: August

text: and

text: September

text: The

text: steppe

text: also

text: encounters

text: extreme

text: temperatures

text: that

text: often

text: reach

text: over

text: F

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: and

text: drop

text: below

text: F

text: in

text: the

text: winter

text: The

text: steppe

text: zone

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: agriculture

text: zone

text: due

text: to

text: an

text: extensive

text: development

text: of

text: canals

text: exploiting

text: several

text: rivers

text: that

text: flow

text: down

text: from

text: the

text: mountains

text: The

text: steppe

text: zone

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: populated

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: state

question: Which months make up the pronounced rainy season in the steppe?

answer: July, August, and September

text: July, August, and September

question: The steppe reaches temperatures above what in the winter?

answer: 100 °F

text: 100 °F

question: The steppe is important agriculturally because of what feature?

answer: canals

text: canals

question: The mountain climate is found in which part of the state?

answer: western

text: western


text: International investment and the wealth generated by wealthy tourists explain the high standard of living on the island. St. Barthélemy is considered a playground of the rich and famous,[citation needed] especially as a winter haven, and is known for its beaches, gourmet dining and high-end designers. Most of the food is imported by airplane or boat from the US or France. Tourism attracts about 200,000 visitors every year. As a result, there is a boom in house building activity catering to the tourists and also to the permanent residents of the island, with prices as high as €61,200,000 for a beachfront villa.

title: Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy

title: Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy

text: International

text: investment

text: and

text: the

text: wealth

text: generated

text: by

text: wealthy

text: tourists

text: explain

text: the

text: high

text: standard

text: of

text: living

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: St.

text: Barthélemy

text: is

text: considered

text: a

text: playground

text: of

text: the

text: rich

text: and

text: famous,[citation

text: needed

text: especially

text: as

text: a

text: winter

text: haven

text: and

text: is

text: known

text: for

text: its

text: beaches

text: gourmet

text: dining

text: and

text: high

text: end

text: designers

text: Most

text: of

text: the

text: food

text: is

text: imported

text: by

text: airplane

text: or

text: boat

text: from

text: the

text: US

text: or

text: France

text: Tourism

text: attracts

text: about

text: visitors

text: every

text: year

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: boom

text: in

text: house

text: building

text: activity

text: catering

text: to

text: the

text: tourists

text: and

text: also

text: to

text: the

text: permanent

text: residents

text: of

text: the

text: island

text: with

text: prices

text: as

text: high

text: as

text: for

text: a

text: beachfront

text: villa

question: What besides investment is responsible for the high standard of living on the island?

answer: wealth generated by wealthy tourists

text: wealth generated by wealthy tourists

question: St. Barts is considered a playground for whom?

answer: the rich and famous

text: the rich and famous

question: Besides boats how does St. Barts import most of its food?

answer: by airplane

text: by airplane

question: How many tourists visit St. Barts each year?

answer: 200,000

question: What is the highest propoerty value recorded in St. Barts?

answer: €61,200,000

question: How many homes are built each year?

question: What is the average price of a beachfront villa?

question: How much international investment occurs on St. Barthelemy's each year?

question: How much money do wealthy tourists spend each year on St. Barthelemy?

question: What is the value of the food imported into St. Barthelemy's each year?


text: The largest private university in Uruguay, is also located in Montevideo. ORT Uruguay was first established as a non-profit organization in 1942, and was officially certified as a private university in September 1996, becoming the second private educational institution in the country to achieve that status.[citation needed] It is a member of World ORT, an international educational network founded in 1880 by the Jewish community in Saint Petersburg, Russia. The university has about 8,000 students, distributed among 5 faculties and institutes, mainly geared towards the sciences and technology/engineering. Its current rector as of 2010[update] is Dr. Jorge A. Grünberg.

title: Montevideo

title: Montevideo

text: The

text: largest

text: private

text: university

text: in

text: Uruguay

text: is

text: also

text: located

text: in

text: Montevideo

text: ORT

text: Uruguay

text: was

text: first

text: established

text: as

text: a

text: non

text: profit

text: organization

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: officially

text: certified

text: as

text: a

text: private

text: university

text: in

text: September

text: becoming

text: the

text: second

text: private

text: educational

text: institution

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: to

text: achieve

text: that

text: status.[citation

text: needed

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: World

text: ORT

text: an

text: international

text: educational

text: network

text: founded

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: Jewish

text: community

text: in

text: Saint

text: Petersburg

text: Russia

text: The

text: university

text: has

text: about

text: students

text: distributed

text: among

text: faculties

text: and

text: institutes

text: mainly

text: geared

text: towards

text: the

text: sciences

text: and

text: technology

text: engineering

text: Its

text: current

text: rector

text: as

text: of

text: is

text: Dr.

text: Jorge

text: A.

text: Grünberg

question: What is the largest private university in Uruguay?

answer: ORT Uruguay

text: ORT Uruguay

question: When was ORT Uruguay established?

answer: 1942

question: When was ORT Uruguay officially certified as a private university?

answer: September 1996

text: September 1996

question: How many students does the ORT Uruguay university have?

answer: about 8,000

text: about 8,000


text: The MoD has since been regarded as a leader in elaborating the post-Cold War organising concept of "defence diplomacy". As a result of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, Prime Minister David Cameron signed a 50-year treaty with French President Nicolas Sarkozy that would have the two countries co-operate intensively in military matters. The UK is establishing air and naval bases in the Persian Gulf, located in the UAE and Bahrain. A presence in Oman is also being considered.

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom

text: The

text: MoD

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: regarded

text: as

text: a

text: leader

text: in

text: elaborating

text: the

text: post

text: Cold

text: War

text: organising

text: concept

text: of

text: defence

text: diplomacy

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: Strategic

text: Defence

text: and

text: Security

text: Review

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: David

text: Cameron

text: signed

text: a

text: treaty

text: with

text: French

text: President

text: Nicolas

text: Sarkozy

text: that

text: would

text: have

text: the

text: two

text: countries

text: co

text: operate

text: intensively

text: in

text: military

text: matters

text: The

text: UK

text: is

text: establishing

text: air

text: and

text: naval

text: bases

text: in

text: the

text: Persian

text: Gulf

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: UAE

text: and

text: Bahrain

text: A

text: presence

text: in

text: Oman

text: is

text: also

text: being

text: considered

question: In what concept is the MoD considered a leader?

answer: defence diplomacy

text: defence diplomacy

question: Who was the PM of Britain in 2010?

answer: David Cameron

text: David Cameron

question: Who was the president of France in 2010?

answer: Nicolas Sarkozy

text: Nicolas Sarkozy

question: In which two countries is the UK installing military bases?

answer: UAE and Bahrain

text: UAE and Bahrain

question: In which other country is the UK thinking about installing a military base?

answer: Oman

text: Oman

question: What is France establishing in the Persian Gulf?

text: air and naval bases

question: Where is France thinking about also putting air and naval bases?

text: Oman

question: What concept is France considered a leader in?

text: "defence diplomacy"

question: What did Oman sign with France?

text: a 50-year treaty

question: What would the treaty allow Oman and France to do?


text: In 1999, there was a double homicide in the Westside Clothing store on Lincoln Boulevard. During the incident, Culver City gang members David "Puppet" Robles and Jesse "Psycho" Garcia entered the store masked and began opening fire, killing Anthony and Michael Juarez. They then ran outside to a getaway vehicle driven by a third Culver City gang member, who is now also in custody. The clothing store was believed to be a local hang out for Santa Monica gang members. The dead included two men from Northern California who had merely been visiting the store's owner, their cousin, to see if they could open a similar store in their area. Police say the incident was in retaliation for a shooting committed by the Santa Monica 13 gang days before the Juarez brothers were gunned down.

title: Santa_Monica,_California

title: Santa_Monica,_California

text: In

text: there

text: was

text: a

text: double

text: homicide

text: in

text: the

text: Westside

text: Clothing

text: store

text: on

text: Lincoln

text: Boulevard

text: During

text: the

text: incident

text: Culver

text: City

text: gang

text: members

text: David

text: Puppet

text: Robles

text: and

text: Jesse

text: Psycho

text: Garcia

text: entered

text: the

text: store

text: masked

text: and

text: began

text: opening

text: fire

text: killing

text: Anthony

text: and

text: Michael

text: Juarez

text: They

text: then

text: ran

text: outside

text: to

text: a

text: getaway

text: vehicle

text: driven

text: by

text: a

text: third

text: Culver

text: City

text: gang

text: member

text: who

text: is

text: now

text: also

text: in

text: custody

text: The

text: clothing

text: store

text: was

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: local

text: hang

text: out

text: for

text: Santa

text: Monica

text: gang

text: members

text: The

text: dead

text: included

text: two

text: men

text: from

text: Northern

text: California

text: who

text: had

text: merely

text: been

text: visiting

text: the

text: store

text: 's

text: owner

text: their

text: cousin

text: to

text: see

text: if

text: they

text: could

text: open

text: a

text: similar

text: store

text: in

text: their

text: area

text: Police

text: say

text: the

text: incident

text: was

text: in

text: retaliation

text: for

text: a

text: shooting

text: committed

text: by

text: the

text: Santa

text: Monica

text: gang

text: days

text: before

text: the

text: Juarez

text: brothers

text: were

text: gunned

text: down

question: In what year was there a double homicide?

answer: 1999

question: Where was this homicide perpetrated?

answer: Westside Clothing store

text: Westside Clothing store

question: What gang is mentioned in connection with this crime?

answer: Culver City

text: Culver City

question: What two people were killed inside the store?

answer: Anthony and Michael Juarez

text: Anthony and Michael Juarez

question: Where is the getaway driver of the Culver city gang murder?

answer: in custody

text: in custody

question: What was the name of the third Culver City gang member?

text: Michael Juarez

question: What was the name of the Westside Clothing store's owner?

text: David "Puppet" Robles

question: Which Santa Monica 13 gang member committed a shooting just days prior?

text: Jesse "Psycho" Garcia

question: What city were the victims from?

text: Santa Monica

question: In what year was Westside Clothing founded?


text: Situated in the southern part of Telangana in southeastern India, Hyderabad is 1,566 kilometres (973 mi) south of Delhi, 699 kilometres (434 mi) southeast of Mumbai, and 570 kilometres (350 mi) north of Bangalore by road. It lies on the banks of the Musi River, in the northern part of the Deccan Plateau. Greater Hyderabad covers 650 km2 (250 sq mi), making it one of the largest metropolitan areas in India. With an average altitude of 542 metres (1,778 ft), Hyderabad lies on predominantly sloping terrain of grey and pink granite, dotted with small hills, the highest being Banjara Hills at 672 metres (2,205 ft). The city has numerous lakes referred to as sagar, meaning "sea". Examples include artificial lakes created by dams on the Musi, such as Hussain Sagar (built in 1562 near the city centre), Osman Sagar and Himayat Sagar. As of 1996, the city had 140 lakes and 834 water tanks (ponds).

title: Hyderabad

title: Hyderabad

text: Situated

text: in

text: the

text: southern

text: part

text: of

text: Telangana

text: in

text: southeastern

text: India

text: Hyderabad

text: is

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: south

text: of

text: Delhi

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: southeast

text: of

text: Mumbai

text: and

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: north

text: of

text: Bangalore

text: by

text: road

text: It

text: lies

text: on

text: the

text: banks

text: of

text: the

text: Musi

text: River

text: in

text: the

text: northern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Deccan

text: Plateau

text: Greater

text: Hyderabad

text: covers

text: sq

text: mi

text: making

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: metropolitan

text: areas

text: in

text: India

text: With

text: an

text: average

text: altitude

text: of

text: metres

text: ft

text: Hyderabad

text: lies

text: on

text: predominantly

text: sloping

text: terrain

text: of

text: grey

text: and

text: pink

text: granite

text: dotted

text: with

text: small

text: hills

text: the

text: highest

text: being

text: Banjara

text: Hills

text: at

text: metres

text: ft

text: The

text: city

text: has

text: numerous

text: lakes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: sagar

text: meaning

text: sea

text: Examples

text: include

text: artificial

text: lakes

text: created

text: by

text: dams

text: on

text: the

text: Musi

text: such

text: as

text: Hussain

text: Sagar

text: built

text: in

text: near

text: the

text: city

text: centre

text: Osman

text: Sagar

text: and

text: Himayat

text: Sagar

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: had

text: lakes

text: and

text: water

text: tanks

text: ponds

question: How far south of Delhi, in miles, is Hyderabad?

answer: 973 mi

text: 973 mi

question: In what region of the Deccan Plateau is Hyderabad?

answer: northern part

text: northern part

question: How large in square kilometers is Greater Hyderabad?

answer: 650 km2

text: 650 km2

question: What are the highest hills in Hyderabad?

answer: Banjara Hills

text: Banjara Hills

question: When was Hussain Sagar lake built?

answer: 1562


text: The five most prevalent chains are Lotte, Hyundai, Shinsegae, Galleria, AK plaza. Lotte Department Store is the largest, operating more than 40 stores (include outlet, young plaza, foreign branches). Hyundai Department Store has about 14 stores (13dept, 1outlet), and there are 10 stores in Shinsegae. Shinsegae has 3 outlet store with Simon. Galleria has 5, AK has 5 stores. Galleriaeast and west is well known by luxury goods. These five department stores are known to people as representative corporations in the field of distirution in South Korea. From fashion items to electric appliances, people can buy various kinds of products. Every weekend, people are fond of going around these department stores, because their location is usually easy to visit. As of 2010 the Shinsegae department store in Centum City, Busan, is the largest department store in the world.

title: Department_store

title: Department_store

text: The

text: five

text: most

text: prevalent

text: chains

text: are

text: Lotte

text: Hyundai

text: Shinsegae

text: Galleria

text: AK

text: plaza

text: Lotte

text: Department

text: Store

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: operating

text: more

text: than

text: stores

text: include

text: outlet

text: young

text: plaza

text: foreign

text: branches

text: Hyundai

text: Department

text: Store

text: has

text: about

text: stores

text: and

text: there

text: are

text: stores

text: in

text: Shinsegae

text: Shinsegae

text: has

text: outlet

text: store

text: with

text: Simon

text: Galleria

text: has

text: AK

text: has

text: stores

text: Galleriaeast

text: and

text: west

text: is

text: well

text: known

text: by

text: luxury

text: goods

text: These

text: five

text: department

text: stores

text: are

text: known

text: to

text: people

text: as

text: representative

text: corporations

text: in

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: distirution

text: in

text: South

text: Korea

text: From

text: fashion

text: items

text: to

text: electric

text: appliances

text: people

text: can

text: buy

text: various

text: kinds

text: of

text: products

text: Every

text: weekend

text: people

text: are

text: fond

text: of

text: going

text: around

text: these

text: department

text: stores

text: because

text: their

text: location

text: is

text: usually

text: easy

text: to

text: visit

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: Shinsegae

text: department

text: store

text: in

text: Centum

text: City

text: Busan

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: department

text: store

text: in

text: the

text: world

question: What department store chain operates the most stores?

answer: Lotte Department Store

text: Lotte Department Store

question: Where is the "field of distribution" most often associated with?

answer: South Korea

text: South Korea

question: What store was the largest department store in the world in 2010?

answer: Shinsegae department store

text: Shinsegae department store

question: Where is the largest department store in the world located?

answer: Centum City, Busan

text: Centum City, Busan

question: What department store chain operates the least stores?

text: Lotte Department Store

question: What department restaurant chain operates the most stores?

text: Lotte Department Store

question: Where is the "field of distribution" least often associated with?

text: South Korea

question: Where is the smallest department store in the world located?

text: Centum City, Busan

question: What store was the smallest department store in the world in 2010?

text: Shinsegae department store


text: The number of shootings in the city has declined significantly in the last 10 years. Shooting incidents peaked in 2006 when 1,857 shootings were recorded. That number has dropped 44 percent to 1,047 shootings in 2014. Similarly, major crimes in the city has decreased gradually in the last ten years since its peak in 2006 when 85,498 major crimes were reported. In the past three years, the number of reported major crimes fell 11 percent to a total of 68,815. Violent crimes, which include homicide, rape, aggravated assault, and robbery, decreased 14 percent in the past three years with a reported 15,771 occurrences in 2014. Based on the rate of violent crimes per 1,000 residents in American cities with 25,000 people or more, Philadelphia was ranked as the 54th most dangerous city in 2015.

title: Philadelphia

title: Philadelphia

text: The

text: number

text: of

text: shootings

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: declined

text: significantly

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: years

text: Shooting

text: incidents

text: peaked

text: in

text: when

text: shootings

text: were

text: recorded

text: That

text: number

text: has

text: dropped

text: percent

text: to

text: shootings

text: in

text: Similarly

text: major

text: crimes

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: has

text: decreased

text: gradually

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: ten

text: years

text: since

text: its

text: peak

text: in

text: when

text: major

text: crimes

text: were

text: reported

text: In

text: the

text: past

text: three

text: years

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: reported

text: major

text: crimes

text: fell

text: percent

text: to

text: a

text: total

text: of

text: Violent

text: crimes

text: which

text: include

text: homicide

text: rape

text: aggravated

text: assault

text: and

text: robbery

text: decreased

text: percent

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: three

text: years

text: with

text: a

text: reported

text: occurrences

text: in

text: Based

text: on

text: the

text: rate

text: of

text: violent

text: crimes

text: per

text: residents

text: in

text: American

text: cities

text: with

text: people

text: or

text: more

text: Philadelphia

text: was

text: ranked

text: as

text: the

text: most

text: dangerous

text: city

text: in

question: When did shootings peak in the city?

answer: 2006

question: How many shootings were there in that year?

answer: 1,857

question: Has violent crime rate fallen or risen in the last 10 years?

answer: fell

text: fell

question: What rank in danger does Philadelphia have in the U.S.?

answer: 54th


text: Each cardinal takes on a titular church, either a church in the city of Rome or one of the suburbicarian sees. The only exception is for patriarchs of Eastern Catholic Churches. Nevertheless, cardinals possess no power of governance nor are they to intervene in any way in matters which pertain to the administration of goods, discipline, or the service of their titular churches. They are allowed to celebrate Mass and hear confessions and lead visits and pilgrimages to their titular churches, in coordination with the staff of the church. They often support their churches monetarily, and many Cardinals do keep in contact with the pastoral staffs of their titular churches.

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism)

title: Cardinal_(Catholicism

text: Each

text: cardinal

text: takes

text: on

text: a

text: titular

text: church

text: either

text: a

text: church

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Rome

text: or

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: suburbicarian

text: sees

text: The

text: only

text: exception

text: is

text: for

text: patriarchs

text: of

text: Eastern

text: Catholic

text: Churches

text: Nevertheless

text: cardinals

text: possess

text: no

text: power

text: of

text: governance

text: nor

text: are

text: they

text: to

text: intervene

text: in

text: any

text: way

text: in

text: matters

text: which

text: pertain

text: to

text: the

text: administration

text: of

text: goods

text: discipline

text: or

text: the

text: service

text: of

text: their

text: titular

text: churches

text: They

text: are

text: allowed

text: to

text: celebrate

text: Mass

text: and

text: hear

text: confessions

text: and

text: lead

text: visits

text: and

text: pilgrimages

text: to

text: their

text: titular

text: churches

text: in

text: coordination

text: with

text: the

text: staff

text: of

text: the

text: church

text: They

text: often

text: support

text: their

text: churches

text: monetarily

text: and

text: many

text: Cardinals

text: do

text: keep

text: in

text: contact

text: with

text: the

text: pastoral

text: staffs

text: of

text: their

text: titular

text: churches

question: Where do the cardinals work?

answer: a church in the city of Rome or one of the suburbicarian sees

text: a church in the city of Rome or one of the suburbicarian sees

question: What do cardinals do in order to influence governing or administration of goods, discipline, or service of their titular churches?

question: Which Moroccan cities do cardinals get assigned to their titular church?

question: What duties are nuns allowed to perform?

question: Who does not offer monetary support to their titular churches?

text: Cardinals

question: What do many nuns do for their titular churches?


text: In Russia, the government began to actively encourage the proliferation of arts and sciences in the mid-18th century. This era produced the first Russian university, library, theatre, public museum, and independent press. Like other enlightened despots, Catherine the Great played a key role in fostering the arts, sciences, and education. She used her own interpretation of Enlightenment ideals, assisted by notable international experts such as Voltaire (by correspondence) and, in residence, world class scientists such as Leonhard Euler and Peter Simon Pallas. The national Enlightenment differed from its Western European counterpart in that it promoted further modernization of all aspects of Russian life and was concerned with attacking the institution of serfdom in Russia. The Russian enlightenment centered on the individual instead of societal enlightenment and encouraged the living of an enlightened life.

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

title: Age_of_Enlightenment

text: In

text: Russia

text: the

text: government

text: began

text: to

text: actively

text: encourage

text: the

text: proliferation

text: of

text: arts

text: and

text: sciences

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: This

text: era

text: produced

text: the

text: first

text: Russian

text: university

text: library

text: theatre

text: public

text: museum

text: and

text: independent

text: press

text: Like

text: other

text: enlightened

text: despots

text: Catherine

text: the

text: Great

text: played

text: a

text: key

text: role

text: in

text: fostering

text: the

text: arts

text: sciences

text: and

text: education

text: She

text: used

text: her

text: own

text: interpretation

text: of

text: Enlightenment

text: ideals

text: assisted

text: by

text: notable

text: international

text: experts

text: such

text: as

text: Voltaire

text: by

text: correspondence

text: and

text: in

text: residence

text: world

text: class

text: scientists

text: such

text: as

text: Leonhard

text: Euler

text: and

text: Peter

text: Simon

text: Pallas

text: The

text: national

text: Enlightenment

text: differed

text: from

text: its

text: Western

text: European

text: counterpart

text: in

text: that

text: it

text: promoted

text: further

text: modernization

text: of

text: all

text: aspects

text: of

text: Russian

text: life

text: and

text: was

text: concerned

text: with

text: attacking

text: the

text: institution

text: of

text: serfdom

text: in

text: Russia

text: The

text: Russian

text: enlightenment

text: centered

text: on

text: the

text: individual

text: instead

text: of

text: societal

text: enlightenment

text: and

text: encouraged

text: the

text: living

text: of

text: an

text: enlightened

text: life

question: What century produced the first Russian univeristy, library, theatre, public museum, and independent press?

answer: 18th century

text: 18th century

question: What did the Russian enlightenment focus on instead of societal enlightenment?

answer: the individual

text: the individual

question: From whom did Catherine the Great receive assistance in her Enlightenment ideals via correspondence?

answer: Voltaire

text: Voltaire


text: Unicode can be implemented by different character encodings. The most commonly used encodings are UTF-8, UTF-16 and the now-obsolete UCS-2. UTF-8 uses one byte for any ASCII character, all of which have the same code values in both UTF-8 and ASCII encoding, and up to four bytes for other characters. UCS-2 uses a 16-bit code unit (two 8-bit bytes) for each character but cannot encode every character in the current Unicode standard. UTF-16 extends UCS-2, using one 16-bit unit for the characters that were representable in UCS-2 and two 16-bit units (4 × 8 bits) to handle each of the additional characters.

title: Unicode

title: Unicode

text: Unicode

text: can

text: be

text: implemented

text: by

text: different

text: character

text: encodings

text: The

text: most

text: commonly

text: used

text: encodings

text: are

text: and

text: the

text: now

text: obsolete

text: uses

text: one

text: byte

text: for

text: any

text: ASCII

text: character

text: all

text: of

text: which

text: have

text: the

text: same

text: code

text: values

text: in

text: both

text: and

text: ASCII

text: encoding

text: and

text: up

text: to

text: four

text: bytes

text: for

text: other

text: characters

text: uses

text: a

text: code

text: unit

text: two

text: bytes

text: for

text: each

text: character

text: but

text: can

text: not

text: encode

text: every

text: character

text: in

text: the

text: current

text: Unicode

text: standard

text: extends

text: using

text: one

text: unit

text: for

text: the

text: characters

text: that

text: were

text: representable

text: in

text: and

text: two

text: units

text: bits

text: to

text: handle

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: additional

text: characters

question: What are the most commonly used encodings of Unicode?

answer: UTF-8, UTF-16 and the now-obsolete UCS-2

text: UTF-8, UTF-16 and the now-obsolete UCS-2

question: What does UTF-8 use in terms of bytes?

answer: UTF-8 uses one byte for any ASCII character

text: UTF-8 uses one byte for any ASCII character

question: What type of code does UCS-2 use?

answer: 16-bit code unit

text: 16-bit code unit

question: What does UTF-16 expand?

answer: UCS-2

question: How are two 16-bit units used?

answer: (4 × 8 bits

text: (4 × 8 bits

question: What are character encodings implemented by?

text: Unicode

question: Which two encodings are now obsolete?

text: UTF-8, UTF-16

question: What did UCS-2 expand?

question: How many ASCII characters are used to make one UTF-8?

text: one

question: What system has a minimum of four bytes?


text: The Baltic Way or Baltic Chain (also Chain of Freedom Estonian: Balti kett, Latvian: Baltijas ceļš, Lithuanian: Baltijos kelias, Russian: Балтийский путь) was a peaceful political demonstration on August 23, 1989. An estimated 2 million people joined hands to form a human chain extending 600 kilometres (370 mi) across Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, which had been forcibly reincorporated into the Soviet Union in 1944. The colossal demonstration marked the 50th anniversary of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact that divided Eastern Europe into spheres of influence and led to the occupation of the Baltic states in 1940.

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

text: The

text: Baltic

text: Way

text: or

text: Baltic

text: Chain

text: also

text: Chain

text: of

text: Freedom

text: Estonian

text: Balti

text: kett

text: Latvian

text: Baltijas

text: ceļš

text: Lithuanian

text: Baltijos

text: kelias

text: Russian

text: Балтийский

text: путь

text: was

text: a

text: peaceful

text: political

text: demonstration

text: on

text: August

text: An

text: estimated

text: million

text: people

text: joined

text: hands

text: to

text: form

text: a

text: human

text: chain

text: extending

text: kilometres

text: mi

text: across

text: Estonia

text: Latvia

text: and

text: Lithuania

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: forcibly

text: reincorporated

text: into

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: in

text: The

text: colossal

text: demonstration

text: marked

text: the

text: anniversary

text: of

text: the

text: Molotov

text: Ribbentrop

text: Pact

text: that

text: divided

text: Eastern

text: Europe

text: into

text: spheres

text: of

text: influence

text: and

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: occupation

text: of

text: the

text: Baltic

text: states

text: in

question: How many people were involved in the Baltic Chain?

answer: estimated 2 million

text: estimated 2 million

question: How long was the chain?

answer: 600 kilometres

text: 600 kilometres

question: What states did the chain extend over?

answer: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania

text: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania

question: What anniversary did the chain take place on?

answer: 50th anniversary of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact

text: 50th anniversary of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact

question: What part of Europe was split up by the pact?

answer: Eastern

text: Eastern


text: There are at least 3,223 named lakes and reservoirs in Montana, including Flathead Lake, the largest natural freshwater lake in the western United States. Other major lakes include Whitefish Lake in the Flathead Valley and Lake McDonald and St. Mary Lake in Glacier National Park. The largest reservoir in the state is Fort Peck Reservoir on the Missouri river, which is contained by the second largest earthen dam and largest hydraulically filled dam in the world. Other major reservoirs include Hungry Horse on the Flathead River; Lake Koocanusa on the Kootenai River; Lake Elwell on the Marias River; Clark Canyon on the Beaverhead River; Yellowtail on the Bighorn River, Canyon Ferry, Hauser, Holter, Rainbow; and Black Eagle on the Missouri River.

title: Montana

title: Montana

text: There

text: are

text: at

text: least

text: named

text: lakes

text: and

text: reservoirs

text: in

text: Montana

text: including

text: Flathead

text: Lake

text: the

text: largest

text: natural

text: freshwater

text: lake

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: United

text: States

text: Other

text: major

text: lakes

text: include

text: Whitefish

text: Lake

text: in

text: the

text: Flathead

text: Valley

text: and

text: Lake

text: McDonald

text: and

text: St.

text: Mary

text: Lake

text: in

text: Glacier

text: National

text: Park

text: The

text: largest

text: reservoir

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: is

text: Fort

text: Peck

text: Reservoir

text: on

text: the

text: Missouri

text: river

text: which

text: is

text: contained

text: by

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: earthen

text: dam

text: and

text: largest

text: hydraulically

text: filled

text: dam

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Other

text: major

text: reservoirs

text: include

text: Hungry

text: Horse

text: on

text: the

text: Flathead

text: River

text: Lake

text: Koocanusa

text: on

text: the

text: Kootenai

text: River

text: Lake

text: Elwell

text: on

text: the

text: Marias

text: River

text: Clark

text: Canyon

text: on

text: the

text: Beaverhead

text: River

text: Yellowtail

text: on

text: the

text: Bighorn

text: River

text: Canyon

text: Ferry

text: Hauser

text: Holter

text: Rainbow

text: and

text: Black

text: Eagle

text: on

text: the

text: Missouri

text: River

question: How many named lakes are there in Montana?

answer: at least 3,223

text: at least 3,223

question: What is the name of the largest freshwater lake in western United States?

answer: Flathead Lake

text: Flathead Lake

question: What is the name of the largest reservoir in the state?

answer: Fort Peck Reservoir

text: Fort Peck Reservoir

question: What river is the Fort Peck Reservoir on?

answer: Missouri river

text: Missouri river


text: The Ottoman Empire, believed to be about to collapse, was portrayed in the press as the sick man of Europe". The Balkan states, with the partial exception of Bosnia and Albania, were primarily Christian. Starting in 1894 the Ottomans struck at the Armenians on the explicit grounds that they were a non-Muslim people and as such were a potential threat to the Muslim empire within which they resided. The Hamidian Massacres aroused the indignation of the entire Christian world. In the United States the now aging Julia Ward Howe, author of the Battle Hymn of the Republic, leaped into the war of words and joined the Red Cross. Relations of minorities within the Ottoman Empire and the disposition of former Ottoman lands became known as the "Eastern Question," as the Ottomans were on the east of Europe.

title: Near_East

title: Near_East

text: The

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: believed

text: to

text: be

text: about

text: to

text: collapse

text: was

text: portrayed

text: in

text: the

text: press

text: as

text: the

text: sick

text: man

text: of

text: Europe

text: The

text: Balkan

text: states

text: with

text: the

text: partial

text: exception

text: of

text: Bosnia

text: and

text: Albania

text: were

text: primarily

text: Christian

text: Starting

text: in

text: the

text: Ottomans

text: struck

text: at

text: the

text: Armenians

text: on

text: the

text: explicit

text: grounds

text: that

text: they

text: were

text: a

text: non

text: Muslim

text: people

text: and

text: as

text: such

text: were

text: a

text: potential

text: threat

text: to

text: the

text: Muslim

text: empire

text: within

text: which

text: they

text: resided

text: The

text: Hamidian

text: Massacres

text: aroused

text: the

text: indignation

text: of

text: the

text: entire

text: Christian

text: world

text: In

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: the

text: now

text: aging

text: Julia

text: Ward

text: Howe

text: author

text: of

text: the

text: Battle

text: Hymn

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: leaped

text: into

text: the

text: war

text: of

text: words

text: and

text: joined

text: the

text: Red

text: Cross

text: Relations

text: of

text: minorities

text: within

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: and

text: the

text: disposition

text: of

text: former

text: Ottoman

text: lands

text: became

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Question

text: as

text: the

text: Ottomans

text: were

text: on

text: the

text: east

text: of

text: Europe

question: How was the Ottoman Empire portrayed in the press?

answer: as the sick man of Europe

text: as the sick man of Europe

question: The Balkan states were primarily what religion?

answer: Christian

text: Christian

question: When did the Ottomans strike at the Armenians?

answer: 1894

question: What are the grounds on which the Ottomans struck at the Armenians?

answer: the explicit grounds that they were a non-Muslim people

text: the explicit grounds that they were a non-Muslim people

question: What aroused the indignation of the entire Christian world?

answer: The Hamidian Massacres

text: The Hamidian Massacres


text: According to Dr. Carlos Moore, resident scholar at Brazil's University of the State of Bahia, in the 21st century Afro-multiracials in the Arab world, including Arabs in North Africa, self-identify in ways that resemble multi-racials in Latin America. He claims that black-looking Arabs, much like black-looking Latin Americans, consider themselves white because they have some distant white ancestry.

title: Black_people

title: Black_people

text: According

text: to

text: Dr.

text: Carlos

text: Moore

text: resident

text: scholar

text: at

text: Brazil

text: 's

text: University

text: of

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Bahia

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Afro

text: multiracials

text: in

text: the

text: Arab

text: world

text: including

text: Arabs

text: in

text: North

text: Africa

text: self

text: identify

text: in

text: ways

text: that

text: resemble

text: multi

text: racials

text: in

text: Latin

text: America

text: He

text: claims

text: that

text: black

text: looking

text: Arabs

text: much

text: like

text: black

text: looking

text: Latin

text: Americans

text: consider

text: themselves

text: white

text: because

text: they

text: have

text: some

text: distant

text: white

text: ancestry

question: Why would a black-looking Arab consider himself white?

answer: because they have some distant white ancestry.

text: because they have some distant white ancestry.

question: Where does Dr. Carlos Moore work?

answer: Brazil's University of the State of Bahia

text: Brazil's University of the State of Bahia

question: How do Afro-multiracials identify in the 21st century?

answer: in ways that resemble multi-racials

text: in ways that resemble multi-racials


text: An alloy of aluminium and gallium in pellet form added to water can be used to generate hydrogen. The process also produces alumina, but the expensive gallium, which prevents the formation of an oxide skin on the pellets, can be re-used. This has important potential implications for a hydrogen economy, as hydrogen can be produced on-site and does not need to be transported.

title: Hydrogen

title: Hydrogen

text: An

text: alloy

text: of

text: aluminium

text: and

text: gallium

text: in

text: pellet

text: form

text: added

text: to

text: water

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: generate

text: hydrogen

text: The

text: process

text: also

text: produces

text: alumina

text: but

text: the

text: expensive

text: gallium

text: which

text: prevents

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: an

text: oxide

text: skin

text: on

text: the

text: pellets

text: can

text: be

text: re

text: used

text: This

text: has

text: important

text: potential

text: implications

text: for

text: a

text: hydrogen

text: economy

text: as

text: hydrogen

text: can

text: be

text: produced

text: on

text: site

text: and

text: does

text: not

text: need

text: to

text: be

text: transported

question: When you combine an alloy of alluminum and gallium to water, what do you get?

answer: hydrogen

text: hydrogen

question: What else can it produce?

answer: alumina

text: alumina

question: What can be reused after the formation?

answer: the expensive gallium

text: the expensive gallium


text: The changes brought about by these developments have led many scholars to view this period as the end of the Middle Ages and beginning of modern history and early modern Europe. However, the division is somewhat artificial, since ancient learning was never entirely absent from European society. As a result there was developmental continuity between the ancient age (via classical antiquity) and the modern age. Some historians, particularly in Italy, prefer not to speak of the late Middle Ages at all, but rather see the high period of the Middle Ages transitioning to the Renaissance and the modern era.

title: Late_Middle_Ages

title: Late_Middle_Ages

text: The

text: changes

text: brought

text: about

text: by

text: these

text: developments

text: have

text: led

text: many

text: scholars

text: to

text: view

text: this

text: period

text: as

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: and

text: beginning

text: of

text: modern

text: history

text: and

text: early

text: modern

text: Europe

text: However

text: the

text: division

text: is

text: somewhat

text: artificial

text: since

text: ancient

text: learning

text: was

text: never

text: entirely

text: absent

text: from

text: European

text: society

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: there

text: was

text: developmental

text: continuity

text: between

text: the

text: ancient

text: age

text: via

text: classical

text: antiquity

text: and

text: the

text: modern

text: age

text: Some

text: historians

text: particularly

text: in

text: Italy

text: prefer

text: not

text: to

text: speak

text: of

text: the

text: late

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: at

text: all

text: but

text: rather

text: see

text: the

text: high

text: period

text: of

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: transitioning

text: to

text: the

text: Renaissance

text: and

text: the

text: modern

text: era

question: Historians from what country in particular do not refer to the Late Middle Ages?

answer: Italy

text: Italy

question: What provided developmental continuity between the ancient and modern ages?

answer: classical antiquity

text: classical antiquity

question: What period do Italian historians believe came immediately after the High Period of the Middle Ages?

answer: the Renaissance

text: the Renaissance

question: What do many scholars regard the Late Middle Ages as the beginning of?

answer: modern history and early modern Europe

text: modern history and early modern Europe

question: Historians from what country in particular do not refer to the Early Middle Ages?

text: Italy

question: What never provided developmental continuity between the ancient and modern ages?

text: classical antiquity)

question: What period do Italian historians not believe came immediately after the High Period of the Middle Ages?

text: Renaissance

question: What period do Italian historians believe came immediately after the Low Period of the Middle Ages?

text: Renaissance

question: What do many scholars regard the Late Middle Ages as the end of?

text: modern history and early modern Europe


text: In developing countries, with high poverty and poor schooling opportunities, child labour is still prevalent. In 2010, sub-saharan Africa had the highest incidence rates of child labour, with several African nations witnessing over 50 percent of children aged 5–14 working. Worldwide agriculture is the largest employer of child labour. Vast majority of child labour is found in rural settings and informal urban economy; children are predominantly employed by their parents, rather than factories. Poverty and lack of schools are considered as the primary cause of child labour.

title: Child_labour

title: Child_labour

text: In

text: developing

text: countries

text: with

text: high

text: poverty

text: and

text: poor

text: schooling

text: opportunities

text: child

text: labour

text: is

text: still

text: prevalent

text: In

text: sub

text: saharan

text: Africa

text: had

text: the

text: highest

text: incidence

text: rates

text: of

text: child

text: labour

text: with

text: several

text: African

text: nations

text: witnessing

text: over

text: percent

text: of

text: children

text: aged

text: working

text: Worldwide

text: agriculture

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: employer

text: of

text: child

text: labour

text: Vast

text: majority

text: of

text: child

text: labour

text: is

text: found

text: in

text: rural

text: settings

text: and

text: informal

text: urban

text: economy

text: children

text: are

text: predominantly

text: employed

text: by

text: their

text: parents

text: rather

text: than

text: factories

text: Poverty

text: and

text: lack

text: of

text: schools

text: are

text: considered

text: as

text: the

text: primary

text: cause

text: of

text: child

text: labour

question: What year did sub-saharan Africa have the highest rates of child labour?

answer: 2010

question: What is the largest employer of child labour?

answer: agriculture

text: agriculture

question: Who are children predominantly employed by?

answer: their parents

text: their parents

question: Lack of school and this are the primary causes of child labour

answer: Poverty

text: Poverty


text: Oklahoma had 598 incorporated places in 2010, including four cities over 100,000 in population and 43 over 10,000. Two of the fifty largest cities in the United States are located in Oklahoma, Oklahoma City and Tulsa, and 65 percent of Oklahomans live within their metropolitan areas, or spheres of economic and social influence defined by the United States Census Bureau as a metropolitan statistical area. Oklahoma City, the state's capital and largest city, had the largest metropolitan area in the state in 2010, with 1,252,987 people, and the metropolitan area of Tulsa had 937,478 residents. Between 2000 and 2010, the cities that led the state in population growth were Blanchard (172.4%), Elgin (78.2%), Jenks (77.0%), Piedmont (56.7%), Bixby (56.6%), and Owasso (56.3%).

title: Oklahoma

title: Oklahoma

text: Oklahoma

text: had

text: incorporated

text: places

text: in

text: including

text: four

text: cities

text: over

text: in

text: population

text: and

text: over

text: Two

text: of

text: the

text: fifty

text: largest

text: cities

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: Oklahoma

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: and

text: Tulsa

text: and

text: percent

text: of

text: Oklahomans

text: live

text: within

text: their

text: metropolitan

text: areas

text: or

text: spheres

text: of

text: economic

text: and

text: social

text: influence

text: defined

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Census

text: Bureau

text: as

text: a

text: metropolitan

text: statistical

text: area

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: capital

text: and

text: largest

text: city

text: had

text: the

text: largest

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: in

text: with

text: people

text: and

text: the

text: metropolitan

text: area

text: of

text: Tulsa

text: had

text: residents

text: Between

text: and

text: the

text: cities

text: that

text: led

text: the

text: state

text: in

text: population

text: growth

text: were

text: Blanchard

text: Elgin

text: Jenks

text: Piedmont

text: Bixby

text: and

text: Owasso

question: How many incorporated cities are in Oklahoma?

answer: 598

question: How many Oklahoma cities have over 100,000 people?

answer: four

text: four

question: How many of the 50 largest US cities are in Oklahoma?

answer: Oklahoma

text: Oklahoma

question: What is the largest metro area in Oklahoma as of 2010?

answer: Oklahoma City

text: Oklahoma City

question: How many people live in the Tulsa metro area?

answer: 937,478


text: During the 18th and 19th centuries, federal law traditionally focused on areas where there was an express grant of power to the federal government in the federal Constitution, like the military, money, foreign relations (especially international treaties), tariffs, intellectual property (specifically patents and copyrights), and mail. Since the start of the 20th century, broad interpretations of the Commerce and Spending Clauses of the Constitution have enabled federal law to expand into areas like aviation, telecommunications, railroads, pharmaceuticals, antitrust, and trademarks. In some areas, like aviation and railroads, the federal government has developed a comprehensive scheme that preempts virtually all state law, while in others, like family law, a relatively small number of federal statutes (generally covering interstate and international situations) interacts with a much larger body of state law. In areas like antitrust, trademark, and employment law, there are powerful laws at both the federal and state levels that coexist with each other. In a handful of areas like insurance, Congress has enacted laws expressly refusing to regulate them as long as the states have laws regulating them (see, e.g., the McCarran-Ferguson Act).

title: Law_of_the_United_States

title: Law_of_the_United_States

text: During

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: federal

text: law

text: traditionally

text: focused

text: on

text: areas

text: where

text: there

text: was

text: an

text: express

text: grant

text: of

text: power

text: to

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: in

text: the

text: federal

text: Constitution

text: like

text: the

text: military

text: money

text: foreign

text: relations

text: especially

text: international

text: treaties

text: tariffs

text: intellectual

text: property

text: specifically

text: patents

text: and

text: copyrights

text: and

text: mail

text: Since

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: broad

text: interpretations

text: of

text: the

text: Commerce

text: and

text: Spending

text: Clauses

text: of

text: the

text: Constitution

text: have

text: enabled

text: federal

text: law

text: to

text: expand

text: into

text: areas

text: like

text: aviation

text: telecommunications

text: railroads

text: pharmaceuticals

text: antitrust

text: and

text: trademarks

text: In

text: some

text: areas

text: like

text: aviation

text: and

text: railroads

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: has

text: developed

text: a

text: comprehensive

text: scheme

text: that

text: preempts

text: virtually

text: all

text: state

text: law

text: while

text: in

text: others

text: like

text: family

text: law

text: a

text: relatively

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: federal

text: statutes

text: generally

text: covering

text: interstate

text: and

text: international

text: situations

text: interacts

text: with

text: a

text: much

text: larger

text: body

text: of

text: state

text: law

text: In

text: areas

text: like

text: antitrust

text: trademark

text: and

text: employment

text: law

text: there

text: are

text: powerful

text: laws

text: at

text: both

text: the

text: federal

text: and

text: state

text: levels

text: that

text: coexist

text: with

text: each

text: other

text: In

text: a

text: handful

text: of

text: areas

text: like

text: insurance

text: Congress

text: has

text: enacted

text: laws

text: expressly

text: refusing

text: to

text: regulate

text: them

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: the

text: states

text: have

text: laws

text: regulating

text: them

text: see

text: e.g.

text: the

text: McCarran

text: Ferguson

text: Act

question: What areas of the Constitution deal with issuses such as aviation, railroads, and trademarks?

answer: Commerce and Spending Clauses

text: Commerce and Spending Clauses

question: In areas of law such as insurance, there are laws refusing to regulate them as long as states have laws doing what?

answer: regulating them

text: regulating them

question: What type of property are trademarks and copyrights?

answer: intellectual property

text: intellectual property

question: What governs things such as military, money, foreign relations, etc.?

answer: federal law

text: federal law

question: What enabled federal law to begin expanding into other areas such as avaition, telecommunications, railroads, etc.?

answer: Commerce and Spending Clauses of the Constitution

text: Commerce and Spending Clauses of the Constitution

question: When did the Commerce and Spending Clauses of the Constitution allow federal power to begin expanding?

answer: start of the 20th century

text: start of the 20th century

question: What is a law enacted by Congress that states that it refuses to regulate some industries as long as the states have regulations in place already?

answer: McCarran-Ferguson Act

text: McCarran-Ferguson Act

question: What happens when both the federal and state governments have regulations that overlap?

answer: coexist with each other

text: coexist with each other

question: What areas of law were generally ignored in the 18th and 19th centuries?

question: When did federal law lose jurisdiction over aviation?

text: the 20th century

question: Federal law on antitrust preempts what?

text: virtually all state law

question: What was the name of the act that allowed for broader interpretations in the 20th century?

text: the McCarran-Ferguson Act

question: Employment laws has only what kind of law instead of federal?

text: state


text: Carnivore was an electronic eavesdropping software system implemented by the FBI during the Clinton administration; it was designed to monitor email and electronic communications. After prolonged negative coverage in the press, the FBI changed the name of its system from "Carnivore" to "DCS1000." DCS is reported to stand for "Digital Collection System"; the system has the same functions as before. The Associated Press reported in mid-January 2005 that the FBI essentially abandoned the use of Carnivore in 2001, in favor of commercially available software, such as NarusInsight.

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

title: Federal_Bureau_of_Investigation

text: Carnivore

text: was

text: an

text: electronic

text: eavesdropping

text: software

text: system

text: implemented

text: by

text: the

text: FBI

text: during

text: the

text: Clinton

text: administration

text: it

text: was

text: designed

text: to

text: monitor

text: email

text: and

text: electronic

text: communications

text: After

text: prolonged

text: negative

text: coverage

text: in

text: the

text: press

text: the

text: FBI

text: changed

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: its

text: system

text: from

text: Carnivore

text: to

text: DCS

text: is

text: reported

text: to

text: stand

text: for

text: Digital

text: Collection

text: System

text: the

text: system

text: has

text: the

text: same

text: functions

text: as

text: before

text: The

text: Associated

text: Press

text: reported

text: in

text: mid

text: January

text: that

text: the

text: FBI

text: essentially

text: abandoned

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: Carnivore

text: in

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: commercially

text: available

text: software

text: such

text: as

text: NarusInsight

question: What was the electronic eavesdropping system used by the FBI during the Clinton presidency?

answer: Carnivore

text: Carnivore

question: What did Carnivore monitor?

answer: email and electronic communications

text: email and electronic communications

question: What was Carnivore renamed to?

answer: DCS1000

question: When did the FBI abandon Carnivore?

answer: 2001

question: What kind of software replaced Carnivore?

answer: commercially available

text: commercially available

question: What was the name DCS1000 changed to?

text: Carnivore

question: What software system received prolonged positive coverage in the press?

text: Carnivore

question: What administration did the CIA implement Carnivore under?

text: Clinton

question: In what year did the FBI stop using commercially available software?

question: What is an example of software that is not available commercially?

text: NarusInsight


text: In June 1963, Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. gave a major speech in Detroit that foreshadowed his "I Have a Dream" speech in Washington, D.C. two months later. While the African-American Civil Rights Movement gained significant federal civil rights laws in 1964 and 1965, longstanding inequities resulted in confrontations between the police and inner city black youth wanting change. Longstanding tensions in Detroit culminated in the Twelfth Street riot in July 1967. Governor George W. Romney ordered the Michigan National Guard into Detroit, and President Johnson sent in U.S. Army troops. The result was 43 dead, 467 injured, over 7,200 arrests, and more than 2,000 buildings destroyed, mostly in black residential and business areas. Thousands of small businesses closed permanently or relocated to safer neighborhoods. The affected district lay in ruins for decades. It was the most costly riot in the United States.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: In

text: June

text: Rev.

text: Martin

text: Luther

text: King

text: Jr.

text: gave

text: a

text: major

text: speech

text: in

text: Detroit

text: that

text: foreshadowed

text: his

text: I

text: Have

text: a

text: Dream

text: speech

text: in

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: two

text: months

text: later

text: While

text: the

text: African

text: American

text: Civil

text: Rights

text: Movement

text: gained

text: significant

text: federal

text: civil

text: rights

text: laws

text: in

text: and

text: longstanding

text: inequities

text: resulted

text: in

text: confrontations

text: between

text: the

text: police

text: and

text: inner

text: city

text: black

text: youth

text: wanting

text: change

text: Longstanding

text: tensions

text: in

text: Detroit

text: culminated

text: in

text: the

text: Twelfth

text: Street

text: riot

text: in

text: July

text: Governor

text: George

text: W.

text: Romney

text: ordered

text: the

text: Michigan

text: National

text: Guard

text: into

text: Detroit

text: and

text: President

text: Johnson

text: sent

text: in

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: troops

text: The

text: result

text: was

text: dead

text: injured

text: over

text: arrests

text: and

text: more

text: than

text: buildings

text: destroyed

text: mostly

text: in

text: black

text: residential

text: and

text: business

text: areas

text: Thousands

text: of

text: small

text: businesses

text: closed

text: permanently

text: or

text: relocated

text: to

text: safer

text: neighborhoods

text: The

text: affected

text: district

text: lay

text: in

text: ruins

text: for

text: decades

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: most

text: costly

text: riot

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: In which year did Martin Luther King Jr. give a speech in Detroit?

answer: 1963

question: What is the name of the riot in Detroit in 1967?

answer: Twelfth Street riot

text: Twelfth Street riot

question: Who was the Governor of Michigan in 1967?

answer: George W. Romney

text: George W. Romney

question: Who was the President of the United States in 1967?

answer: President Johnson

text: President Johnson

question: How many people were killed in the Twelfth Street riots?

answer: 43


text: Scholars continue to debate whether the U.S. Constitution adopted a particular interpretation of the "rule of law," and if so, which one. For example, John Harrison asserts that the word "law" in the Constitution is simply defined as that which is legally binding, rather than being "defined by formal or substantive criteria," and therefore judges do not have discretion to decide that laws fail to satisfy such unwritten and vague criteria. Law Professor Frederick Mark Gedicks disagrees, writing that Cicero, Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, and the framers of the U.S. Constitution believed that an unjust law was not really a law at all.

title: Rule_of_law

title: Rule_of_law

text: Scholars

text: continue

text: to

text: debate

text: whether

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Constitution

text: adopted

text: a

text: particular

text: interpretation

text: of

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: and

text: if

text: so

text: which

text: one

text: For

text: example

text: John

text: Harrison

text: asserts

text: that

text: the

text: word

text: law

text: in

text: the

text: Constitution

text: is

text: simply

text: defined

text: as

text: that

text: which

text: is

text: legally

text: binding

text: rather

text: than

text: being

text: defined

text: by

text: formal

text: or

text: substantive

text: criteria

text: and

text: therefore

text: judges

text: do

text: not

text: have

text: discretion

text: to

text: decide

text: that

text: laws

text: fail

text: to

text: satisfy

text: such

text: unwritten

text: and

text: vague

text: criteria

text: Law

text: Professor

text: Frederick

text: Mark

text: Gedicks

text: disagrees

text: writing

text: that

text: Cicero

text: Augustine

text: Thomas

text: Aquinas

text: and

text: the

text: framers

text: of

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Constitution

text: believed

text: that

text: an

text: unjust

text: law

text: was

text: not

text: really

text: a

text: law

text: at

text: all

question: Who disagrees with the ideas proposed by John Harrison?

answer: Law Professor Frederick Mark Gedicks

text: Law Professor Frederick Mark Gedicks

question: For what body of principles is it debated whether or not it was constructed according to the rule of law?

answer: U.S. Constitution

text: U.S. Constitution

question: According to John Harrison, through the Constitution, what is law?

answer: that which is legally binding

text: that which is legally binding

question: According to Frederick Mark Gedicks, who believed that unjust laws were not really laws?

answer: the framers of the U.S. Constitution

text: the framers of the U.S. Constitution

question: Who argues over whether the U.S. Constitution adopted the rule of law?

text: Scholars

question: What law professor says the Constitution does it meet either the formal or substantive?

text: Frederick Mark Gedicks

question: Who believed that an unjust law was still a law?

question: The framers of the Constitution say did not have discretion to decide which laws submit such vague criteria?

text: judges


text: The alloy of copper and nickel, called cupronickel, is used in low-denomination coins, often for the outer cladding. The US 5-cent coin called a nickel consists of 75% copper and 25% nickel and has a homogeneous composition. The alloy consisting of 90% copper and 10% nickel is remarkable for its resistance to corrosion and is used in various parts that are exposed to seawater. Alloys of copper with aluminium (about 7%) have a pleasant golden color and are used in decorations. Some lead-free solders consist of tin alloyed with a small proportion of copper and other metals.

title: Copper

title: Copper

text: The

text: alloy

text: of

text: copper

text: and

text: nickel

text: called

text: cupronickel

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: low

text: denomination

text: coins

text: often

text: for

text: the

text: outer

text: cladding

text: The

text: US

text: coin

text: called

text: a

text: nickel

text: consists

text: of

text: copper

text: and

text: nickel

text: and

text: has

text: a

text: homogeneous

text: composition

text: The

text: alloy

text: consisting

text: of

text: copper

text: and

text: nickel

text: is

text: remarkable

text: for

text: its

text: resistance

text: to

text: corrosion

text: and

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: various

text: parts

text: that

text: are

text: exposed

text: to

text: seawater

text: Alloys

text: of

text: copper

text: with

text: aluminium

text: about

text: have

text: a

text: pleasant

text: golden

text: color

text: and

text: are

text: used

text: in

text: decorations

text: Some

text: lead

text: free

text: solders

text: consist

text: of

text: tin

text: alloyed

text: with

text: a

text: small

text: proportion

text: of

text: copper

text: and

text: other

text: metals

question: What is the alloy of copper and nickel called?

answer: cupronickel

text: cupronickel

question: what is the alloy of copper and nickel used for?

answer: low-denomination coins

text: low-denomination coins

question: What is the metal composition of a US nickel?

answer: 75% copper and 25% nickel

text: 75% copper and 25% nickel

question: What extraordinary property does the alloy made up of 90% copper and 10% nickel possess?

answer: resistance to corrosion

text: resistance to corrosion

question: What color is created when the alloys of copper and aluminium are combined?

answer: golden

text: golden

question: What is the liquid of copper and nickel called?

text: cupronickel

question: What is the liquid of copper and nickel never used for?

text: low-denomination coins

question: What is the wood composition of a US nickel?

text: 75% copper and 25% nickel

question: What mundane property does the alloy made up of 90% copper and 10% nickel possess?

text: resistance to corrosion

question: What color is created when the alloys of copper and aluminium are apart?

text: golden


text: Having been capital of a vast pre-Hispanic empire, and also the capital of richest viceroyalty within the Spanish Empire (ruling over a vast territory in the Americas and Spanish West Indies), and, finally, the capital of the United Mexican States, Mexico City has a rich history of artistic expression. Since the mesoamerican pre-Classical period the inhabitants of the settlements around Lake Texcoco produced many works of art and complex craftsmanship, some of which are today displayed at the world-renowned National Museum of Anthropology and the Templo Mayor museum. While many pieces of pottery and stone-engraving have survived, the great majority of the Amerindian iconography was destroyed during the Conquest of Mexico.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: Having

text: been

text: capital

text: of

text: a

text: vast

text: pre

text: Hispanic

text: empire

text: and

text: also

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: richest

text: viceroyalty

text: within

text: the

text: Spanish

text: Empire

text: ruling

text: over

text: a

text: vast

text: territory

text: in

text: the

text: Americas

text: and

text: Spanish

text: West

text: Indies

text: and

text: finally

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Mexican

text: States

text: Mexico

text: City

text: has

text: a

text: rich

text: history

text: of

text: artistic

text: expression

text: Since

text: the

text: mesoamerican

text: pre

text: Classical

text: period

text: the

text: inhabitants

text: of

text: the

text: settlements

text: around

text: Lake

text: Texcoco

text: produced

text: many

text: works

text: of

text: art

text: and

text: complex

text: craftsmanship

text: some

text: of

text: which

text: are

text: today

text: displayed

text: at

text: the

text: world

text: renowned

text: National

text: Museum

text: of

text: Anthropology

text: and

text: the

text: Templo

text: Mayor

text: museum

text: While

text: many

text: pieces

text: of

text: pottery

text: and

text: stone

text: engraving

text: have

text: survived

text: the

text: great

text: majority

text: of

text: the

text: Amerindian

text: iconography

text: was

text: destroyed

text: during

text: the

text: Conquest

text: of

text: Mexico

question: When did Mexico City lost most of its artifacts?

answer: Conquest of Mexico

text: Conquest of Mexico

question: When did the complex art of Mexico City begin?

answer: pre-Classical period

text: pre-Classical period

question: What holds most of the old art of the Mexico city region?

answer: National Museum of Anthropology and the Templo Mayor museum

text: National Museum of Anthropology and the Templo Mayor museum

question: What are the main artifacts that have survived?

answer: pottery and stone-engraving

text: pottery and stone-engraving


text: The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries, with the arrival of Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California. The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states leaving behind a varying range of Hispanic legacy in the North American continent. Additionally, western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800, after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America.

title: Spanish_language_in_the_United_States

title: Spanish_language_in_the_United_States

text: The

text: Spanish

text: language

text: has

text: been

text: present

text: in

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: since

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: with

text: the

text: arrival

text: of

text: Spanish

text: colonization

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: that

text: would

text: later

text: become

text: the

text: states

text: of

text: Florida

text: Texas

text: Colorado

text: New

text: Mexico

text: Arizona

text: Nevada

text: Utah

text: and

text: California

text: The

text: Spanish

text: explorers

text: explored

text: areas

text: of

text: future

text: U.S.

text: states

text: leaving

text: behind

text: a

text: varying

text: range

text: of

text: Hispanic

text: legacy

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: continent

text: Additionally

text: western

text: regions

text: of

text: the

text: Louisiana

text: Territory

text: were

text: under

text: Spanish

text: rule

text: between

text: to

text: after

text: the

text: French

text: and

text: Indian

text: War

text: further

text: extending

text: the

text: Spanish

text: influence

text: throughout

text: modern

text: day

text: United

text: States

text: of

text: America

question: How old is the Spanish language in the United States?

answer: The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries

text: The Spanish language has been present in what is now the United States since the 16th and 17th centuries

question: Did the Spanish conquer land in the United States?

answer: Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California.

text: Spanish colonization in North America that would later become the states of Florida, Texas, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, and California.

question: Where in the United States did the Spanish explore?

answer: The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states

text: The Spanish explorers explored areas of 42 future U.S. states

question: Were there states ruled by the Spanish?

answer: western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800,

text: western regions of the Louisiana Territory were under Spanish rule between 1763 to 1800,

question: Do the Spanish have a legacy in America from their forefathers?

answer: after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America.

text: after the French and Indian War, further extending the Spanish influence throughout modern-day United States of America.

question: When did the Spanish language start showing up in America?

text: the 16th and 17th centuries

question: Florida, Texas, and Colorado were part of which colonization?

text: Spanish colonization

question: Besides Florida, Texas, and Colorado, which other states were included in the colonization?

question: How many US states did the Spanish explorers explore?

question: Which years was the Louisiana Territory under Spanish rule?

text: 1763 to 1800

question: Since when was the Spanish language been present in Mexico?

text: 16th and 17th centuries

question: When were eastern regions of the Louisiana Territory under Spanish rule?

text: 1763 to 1800

question: How many future U.S. states did French explorers explore?

question: What states were colonized by the French?

question: What conflict caused eastern regions of the Louisiana to be under Spanish rule?

text: French and Indian War