text: Though the country's foreign relations, particularly with Western nations, have been strained, relations have thawed since the reforms following the 2010 elections. After years of diplomatic isolation and economic and military sanctions, the United States relaxed curbs on foreign aid to Myanmar in November 2011 and announced the resumption of diplomatic relations on 13 January 2012 The European Union has placed sanctions on Myanmar, including an arms embargo, cessation of trade preferences, and suspension of all aid with the exception of humanitarian aid.

title: Myanmar

title: Myanmar

text: Though

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: foreign

text: relations

text: particularly

text: with

text: Western

text: nations

text: have

text: been

text: strained

text: relations

text: have

text: thawed

text: since

text: the

text: reforms

text: following

text: the

text: elections

text: After

text: years

text: of

text: diplomatic

text: isolation

text: and

text: economic

text: and

text: military

text: sanctions

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: relaxed

text: curbs

text: on

text: foreign

text: aid

text: to

text: Myanmar

text: in

text: November

text: and

text: announced

text: the

text: resumption

text: of

text: diplomatic

text: relations

text: on

text: January

text: The

text: European

text: Union

text: has

text: placed

text: sanctions

text: on

text: Myanmar

text: including

text: an

text: arms

text: embargo

text: cessation

text: of

text: trade

text: preferences

text: and

text: suspension

text: of

text: all

text: aid

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: humanitarian

text: aid

question: How have international relations developed due to the recent political changes in Burma ?

answer: relations have thawed since the reforms following the 2010 elections.

text: relations have thawed since the reforms following the 2010 elections.

question: What did the United States do in response to the reform changes of the 2010 Burma elections ?

answer: the United States relaxed curbs on foreign aid to Myanmar in November 2011 and announced the resumption of diplomatic relations

text: the United States relaxed curbs on foreign aid to Myanmar in November 2011 and announced the resumption of diplomatic relations

question: What type of activity has the European Union engaged in in response to the reforms made in Burma ?

answer: sanctions on Myanmar, including an arms embargo, cessation of trade preferences, and suspension of all aid with the exception of humanitarian aid.

text: sanctions on Myanmar, including an arms embargo, cessation of trade preferences, and suspension of all aid with the exception of humanitarian aid.

question: How did the United States treat Myanmar prior to the changes made in Burmese government ?

answer: years of diplomatic isolation and economic and military sanctions

text: years of diplomatic isolation and economic and military sanctions


text: Asked about the liberal, non-democratic rule by a Chilean interviewer, Hayek is translated from German to Spanish to English as having said, "As long term institutions, I am totally against dictatorships. But a dictatorship may be a necessary system for a transitional period. [...] Personally I prefer a liberal dictatorship to democratic government devoid of liberalism. My personal impression – and this is valid for South America – is that in Chile, for example, we will witness a transition from a dictatorial government to a liberal government." In a letter to the London Times, he defended the Pinochet regime and said that he had "not been able to find a single person even in much maligned Chile who did not agree that personal freedom was much greater under Pinochet than it had been under Allende." Hayek admitted that "it is not very likely that this will succeed, even if, at a particular point in time, it may be the only hope there is.", he explained, however, "It is not certain hope, because it will always depend on the goodwill of an individual, and there are very few individuals one can trust. But if it is the sole opportunity which exists at a particular moment it may be the best solution despite this. And only if and when the dictatorial government is visibly directing its steps towards limited democracy".

title: Friedrich_Hayek

title: Friedrich_Hayek

text: Asked

text: about

text: the

text: liberal

text: non

text: democratic

text: rule

text: by

text: a

text: Chilean

text: interviewer

text: Hayek

text: is

text: translated

text: from

text: German

text: to

text: Spanish

text: to

text: English

text: as

text: having

text: said

text: As

text: long

text: term

text: institutions

text: I

text: am

text: totally

text: against

text: dictatorships

text: But

text: a

text: dictatorship

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: necessary

text: system

text: for

text: a

text: transitional

text: period

text: Personally

text: I

text: prefer

text: a

text: liberal

text: dictatorship

text: to

text: democratic

text: government

text: devoid

text: of

text: liberalism

text: My

text: personal

text: impression

text: and

text: this

text: is

text: valid

text: for

text: South

text: America

text: is

text: that

text: in

text: Chile

text: for

text: example

text: we

text: will

text: witness

text: a

text: transition

text: from

text: a

text: dictatorial

text: government

text: to

text: a

text: liberal

text: government

text: In

text: a

text: letter

text: to

text: the

text: London

text: Times

text: he

text: defended

text: the

text: Pinochet

text: regime

text: and

text: said

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: not

text: been

text: able

text: to

text: find

text: a

text: single

text: person

text: even

text: in

text: much

text: maligned

text: Chile

text: who

text: did

text: not

text: agree

text: that

text: personal

text: freedom

text: was

text: much

text: greater

text: under

text: Pinochet

text: than

text: it

text: had

text: been

text: under

text: Allende

text: Hayek

text: admitted

text: that

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: very

text: likely

text: that

text: this

text: will

text: succeed

text: even

text: if

text: at

text: a

text: particular

text: point

text: in

text: time

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: only

text: hope

text: there

text: is

text: he

text: explained

text: however

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: certain

text: hope

text: because

text: it

text: will

text: always

text: depend

text: on

text: the

text: goodwill

text: of

text: an

text: individual

text: and

text: there

text: are

text: very

text: few

text: individuals

text: one

text: can

text: trust

text: But

text: if

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: sole

text: opportunity

text: which

text: exists

text: at

text: a

text: particular

text: moment

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: best

text: solution

text: despite

text: this

text: And

text: only

text: if

text: and

text: when

text: the

text: dictatorial

text: government

text: is

text: visibly

text: directing

text: its

text: steps

text: towards

text: limited

text: democracy

question: At what point did Hayek claim dictatorships may be necessary?

answer: a transitional period

text: a transitional period

question: What did Hayek claim to prefer over a democratic government in the absence of liberal ideals?

answer: a liberal dictatorship

text: a liberal dictatorship

question: What did Hayek believe the Chilean government would become in the future?

answer: a liberal government

text: a liberal government

question: As claimed by Hayek, Chilean citizens had more freedom under which ruler?

answer: Pinochet

text: Pinochet


text: Typical second wave corruption metrics do not offer the worldwide coverage found in first wave projects, and instead focus on localizing information gathered to specific problems and creating deep, "unpackable"[clarification needed] content that matches quantitative and qualitative data.

title: Political_corruption

title: Political_corruption

text: Typical

text: second

text: wave

text: corruption

text: metrics

text: do

text: not

text: offer

text: the

text: worldwide

text: coverage

text: found

text: in

text: first

text: wave

text: projects

text: and

text: instead

text: focus

text: on

text: localizing

text: information

text: gathered

text: to

text: specific

text: problems

text: and

text: creating

text: deep

text: unpackable"[clarification

text: needed

text: content

text: that

text: matches

text: quantitative

text: and

text: qualitative

text: data

question: The second wave of metrics focuses on what level of corruption?

answer: local

text: local

question: Unlike the first wave, the second wave does not offer what type of coverage?

answer: worldwide

text: worldwide


text: The major settlements in the ceremonial county are concentrated on the Fylde coast (the Blackpool Urban Area), and a belt of towns running west-east along the M65: Preston, Blackburn, Accrington, Burnley, Nelson and Colne. South of Preston are the towns of Leyland and Chorley; the three formed part of the Central Lancashire New Town designated in 1970. The north of the county is predominantly rural and sparsely populated, except for the towns of Lancaster and Morecambe which form a large conurbation of almost 100,000 people. Lancashire is home to a significant Asian population, numbering over 70,000 and 6% of the county's population, and concentrated largely in the former cotton mill towns in the south east.

title: Lancashire

title: Lancashire

text: The

text: major

text: settlements

text: in

text: the

text: ceremonial

text: county

text: are

text: concentrated

text: on

text: the

text: Fylde

text: coast

text: the

text: Blackpool

text: Urban

text: Area

text: and

text: a

text: belt

text: of

text: towns

text: running

text: west

text: east

text: along

text: the

text: Preston

text: Blackburn

text: Accrington

text: Burnley

text: Nelson

text: and

text: Colne

text: South

text: of

text: Preston

text: are

text: the

text: towns

text: of

text: Leyland

text: and

text: Chorley

text: the

text: three

text: formed

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Central

text: Lancashire

text: New

text: Town

text: designated

text: in

text: The

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: county

text: is

text: predominantly

text: rural

text: and

text: sparsely

text: populated

text: except

text: for

text: the

text: towns

text: of

text: Lancaster

text: and

text: Morecambe

text: which

text: form

text: a

text: large

text: conurbation

text: of

text: almost

text: people

text: Lancashire

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: a

text: significant

text: Asian

text: population

text: numbering

text: over

text: and

text: of

text: the

text: county

text: 's

text: population

text: and

text: concentrated

text: largely

text: in

text: the

text: former

text: cotton

text: mill

text: towns

text: in

text: the

text: south

text: east

question: Where are the major settlements in the ceremonial county located?

answer: Fylde coast

text: Fylde coast

question: Where is the Fylde coast?

answer: Blackpool Urban Area

text: Blackpool Urban Area

question: Which part of the county is rural and sparsely populated?

answer: north

text: north

question: How many people live in Lancaster and Morecambe?

answer: 100,000

question: What percentage of Lancashire is Asian?

answer: 6%

question: In what year was the Blackpool Urban Area established?

question: How many people lived in Preston as of 1970?

question: What percentage of the population lives in north Lancashire?

question: What cities are north of Preston?

text: Leyland and Chorley

question: In what year did Asians start emigrating to Lancashire?


text: Interestingly, research has revealed that asking individuals to repeatedly imagine actions that they have never performed or events that they have never experienced could result in false memories. For instance, Goff and Roediger (1998) asked participants to imagine that they performed an act (e.g., break a toothpick) and then later asked them whether they had done such a thing. Findings revealed that those participants who repeatedly imagined performing such an act were more likely to think that they had actually performed that act during the first session of the experiment. Similarly, Garry and her colleagues (1996) asked college students to report how certain they were that they experienced a number of events as children (e.g., broke a window with their hand) and then two weeks later asked them to imagine four of those events. The researchers found that one-fourth of the students asked to imagine the four events reported that they had actually experienced such events as children. That is, when asked to imagine the events they were more confident that they experienced the events.

title: Memory

title: Memory

text: Interestingly

text: research

text: has

text: revealed

text: that

text: asking

text: individuals

text: to

text: repeatedly

text: imagine

text: actions

text: that

text: they

text: have

text: never

text: performed

text: or

text: events

text: that

text: they

text: have

text: never

text: experienced

text: could

text: result

text: in

text: false

text: memories

text: For

text: instance

text: Goff

text: and

text: Roediger

text: asked

text: participants

text: to

text: imagine

text: that

text: they

text: performed

text: an

text: act

text: e.g.

text: break

text: a

text: toothpick

text: and

text: then

text: later

text: asked

text: them

text: whether

text: they

text: had

text: done

text: such

text: a

text: thing

text: Findings

text: revealed

text: that

text: those

text: participants

text: who

text: repeatedly

text: imagined

text: performing

text: such

text: an

text: act

text: were

text: more

text: likely

text: to

text: think

text: that

text: they

text: had

text: actually

text: performed

text: that

text: act

text: during

text: the

text: first

text: session

text: of

text: the

text: experiment

text: Similarly

text: Garry

text: and

text: her

text: colleagues

text: asked

text: college

text: students

text: to

text: report

text: how

text: certain

text: they

text: were

text: that

text: they

text: experienced

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: events

text: as

text: children

text: e.g.

text: broke

text: a

text: window

text: with

text: their

text: hand

text: and

text: then

text: two

text: weeks

text: later

text: asked

text: them

text: to

text: imagine

text: four

text: of

text: those

text: events

text: The

text: researchers

text: found

text: that

text: one

text: fourth

text: of

text: the

text: students

text: asked

text: to

text: imagine

text: the

text: four

text: events

text: reported

text: that

text: they

text: had

text: actually

text: experienced

text: such

text: events

text: as

text: children

text: That

text: is

text: when

text: asked

text: to

text: imagine

text: the

text: events

text: they

text: were

text: more

text: confident

text: that

text: they

text: experienced

text: the

text: events

question: What can cause a person to have fake memories?

answer: repeatedly imagine actions that they have never performed or events that they have never experienced

text: repeatedly imagine actions that they have never performed or events that they have never experienced

question: Who performed a study that showed the similarirty of imaginging doing something and then later remembering actually doing that task?

answer: Goff and Roediger

text: Goff and Roediger

question: What did a similar study done by Garry find?

answer: researchers found that one-fourth of the students asked to imagine the four events reported that they had actually experienced such events as children

text: researchers found that one-fourth of the students asked to imagine the four events reported that they had actually experienced such events as children

question: What did Goff and Roediger ask people to do in 1996?

question: What can cause a person to have fake senses?

question: What did a similar study done by Gary Goff find?

question: What happens when people are not asked to imagine events?

question: Who asked students how uncertain they were that they experienced events?

text: Garry and her colleagues


text: After Morsi was ousted by the military, the judiciary system aligned itself with the new government, actively suopporting the repression of Muslim Brotherhood members. This resulted in a sharp increase in mass death sentences that arose criticism from the US president Barack Obama and the General Secretary of the UN, Ban Ki Moon. In April 2013, one judge of the Minya governatorate of Upper Egypt, sentenced 1,212 people to death. In December 2014 the judge Mohammed Nagi Shahata, notorious for his fierceness in passing on death sentences, condemened to the capital penalty 188 members of the Muslim Brotherhood, for assaulting a police station. Various Egyptian and international human rights organisations have already pointed out the lack of fair trials, that often last only a few minutes and do not take into consideration the procedural standards of fair trials.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: After

text: Morsi

text: was

text: ousted

text: by

text: the

text: military

text: the

text: judiciary

text: system

text: aligned

text: itself

text: with

text: the

text: new

text: government

text: actively

text: suopporting

text: the

text: repression

text: of

text: Muslim

text: Brotherhood

text: members

text: This

text: resulted

text: in

text: a

text: sharp

text: increase

text: in

text: mass

text: death

text: sentences

text: that

text: arose

text: criticism

text: from

text: the

text: US

text: president

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: and

text: the

text: General

text: Secretary

text: of

text: the

text: UN

text: Ban

text: Ki

text: Moon

text: In

text: April

text: one

text: judge

text: of

text: the

text: Minya

text: governatorate

text: of

text: Upper

text: Egypt

text: sentenced

text: people

text: to

text: death

text: In

text: December

text: the

text: judge

text: Mohammed

text: Nagi

text: Shahata

text: notorious

text: for

text: his

text: fierceness

text: in

text: passing

text: on

text: death

text: sentences

text: condemened

text: to

text: the

text: capital

text: penalty

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Muslim

text: Brotherhood

text: for

text: assaulting

text: a

text: police

text: station

text: Various

text: Egyptian

text: and

text: international

text: human

text: rights

text: organisations

text: have

text: already

text: pointed

text: out

text: the

text: lack

text: of

text: fair

text: trials

text: that

text: often

text: last

text: only

text: a

text: few

text: minutes

text: and

text: do

text: not

text: take

text: into

text: consideration

text: the

text: procedural

text: standards

text: of

text: fair

text: trials

question: What US president was critical of Egypt's repression of Muslim Brotherhood?

answer: US president Barack Obama

text: US president Barack Obama

question: How many individuals did one judge in Minya governatorate court sentence to death in April 2013?

answer: 1,212

question: What was the criticism of judge Mohammad NAgi Shatata sentence of 188 member of Muslim Brotherhood for assaulting police station?

answer: lack of fair trials, that often last only a few minutes

text: lack of fair trials, that often last only a few minutes


text: Egyptian literature traces its beginnings to ancient Egypt and is some of the earliest known literature. Indeed, the Egyptians were the first culture to develop literature as we know it today, that is, the book. It is an important cultural element in the life of Egypt. Egyptian novelists and poets were among the first to experiment with modern styles of Arabic literature, and the forms they developed have been widely imitated throughout the Middle East. The first modern Egyptian novel Zaynab by Muhammad Husayn Haykal was published in 1913 in the Egyptian vernacular. Egyptian novelist Naguib Mahfouz was the first Arabic-language writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. Egyptian women writers include Nawal El Saadawi, well known for her feminist activism, and Alifa Rifaat who also writes about women and tradition.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: Egyptian

text: literature

text: traces

text: its

text: beginnings

text: to

text: ancient

text: Egypt

text: and

text: is

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: earliest

text: known

text: literature

text: Indeed

text: the

text: Egyptians

text: were

text: the

text: first

text: culture

text: to

text: develop

text: literature

text: as

text: we

text: know

text: it

text: today

text: that

text: is

text: the

text: book

text: It

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: cultural

text: element

text: in

text: the

text: life

text: of

text: Egypt

text: Egyptian

text: novelists

text: and

text: poets

text: were

text: among

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: experiment

text: with

text: modern

text: styles

text: of

text: Arabic

text: literature

text: and

text: the

text: forms

text: they

text: developed

text: have

text: been

text: widely

text: imitated

text: throughout

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: The

text: first

text: modern

text: Egyptian

text: novel

text: Zaynab

text: by

text: Muhammad

text: Husayn

text: Haykal

text: was

text: published

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: vernacular

text: Egyptian

text: novelist

text: Naguib

text: Mahfouz

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: Arabic

text: language

text: writer

text: to

text: win

text: the

text: Nobel

text: Prize

text: in

text: Literature

text: Egyptian

text: women

text: writers

text: include

text: Nawal

text: El

text: Saadawi

text: well

text: known

text: for

text: her

text: feminist

text: activism

text: and

text: Alifa

text: Rifaat

text: who

text: also

text: writes

text: about

text: women

text: and

text: tradition

question: Who was the first to develop literature?

answer: Egyptians

text: Egyptians

question: What syles did writers in Arabic literature experiment with first?

answer: modern styles

text: modern styles

question: What was the first modern Egyptian novel?

answer: Zaynab

text: Zaynab

question: When was Munammad Huayn Haykal's first modern novel published?

answer: 1913


text: Beer was spread through Europe by Germanic and Celtic tribes as far back as 3000 BC, and it was mainly brewed on a domestic scale. The product that the early Europeans drank might not be recognised as beer by most people today. Alongside the basic starch source, the early European beers might contain fruits, honey, numerous types of plants, spices and other substances such as narcotic herbs. What they did not contain was hops, as that was a later addition, first mentioned in Europe around 822 by a Carolingian Abbot and again in 1067 by Abbess Hildegard of Bingen.

title: Beer

title: Beer

text: Beer

text: was

text: spread

text: through

text: Europe

text: by

text: Germanic

text: and

text: Celtic

text: tribes

text: as

text: far

text: back

text: as

text: BC

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: mainly

text: brewed

text: on

text: a

text: domestic

text: scale

text: The

text: product

text: that

text: the

text: early

text: Europeans

text: drank

text: might

text: not

text: be

text: recognised

text: as

text: beer

text: by

text: most

text: people

text: today

text: Alongside

text: the

text: basic

text: starch

text: source

text: the

text: early

text: European

text: beers

text: might

text: contain

text: fruits

text: honey

text: numerous

text: types

text: of

text: plants

text: spices

text: and

text: other

text: substances

text: such

text: as

text: narcotic

text: herbs

text: What

text: they

text: did

text: not

text: contain

text: was

text: hops

text: as

text: that

text: was

text: a

text: later

text: addition

text: first

text: mentioned

text: in

text: Europe

text: around

text: by

text: a

text: Carolingian

text: Abbot

text: and

text: again

text: in

text: by

text: Abbess

text: Hildegard

text: of

text: Bingen

question: What year were hops first believed to be added to beer?

answer: 822

question: On what continent were hops first added to beer?

answer: Europe

text: Europe

question: What was a Carolingian Abbot credited for adding to beer in 822?

answer: hops

text: hops

question: Who was believed to have added hops to beer in 1067?

answer: Abbess Hildegard

text: Abbess Hildegard

question: Where did Abbess Hildegard live?

answer: Bingen

text: Bingen

question: What was a Carolingian Abbot credited for adding to beer in 1067?

text: hops

question: In which year did the Germanic and Celtic tribes add hops to beer?

question: What town first added hops to beer?

text: Bingen

question: In addition to hops, what did the early European beers contain?

question: In 822 what did Abbess Hilegard add to beer?

text: hops

question: What was spread through Europe as far back as 1067 BC?

text: Beer

question: What was first added around 282?

text: hops

question: Who first mentioned hops in 282?

text: Carolingian Abbot

question: Who was the second to mention hops in 1076?

text: Abbess Hildegard of Bingen


text: A Vestal's dress represented her status outside the usual categories that defined Roman women, with elements of both virgin bride and daughter, and Roman matron and wife. Unlike male priests, Vestals were freed of the traditional obligations of marrying and producing children, and were required to take a vow of chastity that was strictly enforced: a Vestal polluted by the loss of her chastity while in office was buried alive. Thus the exceptional honor accorded a Vestal was religious rather than personal or social; her privileges required her to be fully devoted to the performance of her duties, which were considered essential to the security of Rome.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: A

text: Vestal

text: 's

text: dress

text: represented

text: her

text: status

text: outside

text: the

text: usual

text: categories

text: that

text: defined

text: Roman

text: women

text: with

text: elements

text: of

text: both

text: virgin

text: bride

text: and

text: daughter

text: and

text: Roman

text: matron

text: and

text: wife

text: Unlike

text: male

text: priests

text: Vestals

text: were

text: freed

text: of

text: the

text: traditional

text: obligations

text: of

text: marrying

text: and

text: producing

text: children

text: and

text: were

text: required

text: to

text: take

text: a

text: vow

text: of

text: chastity

text: that

text: was

text: strictly

text: enforced

text: a

text: Vestal

text: polluted

text: by

text: the

text: loss

text: of

text: her

text: chastity

text: while

text: in

text: office

text: was

text: buried

text: alive

text: Thus

text: the

text: exceptional

text: honor

text: accorded

text: a

text: Vestal

text: was

text: religious

text: rather

text: than

text: personal

text: or

text: social

text: her

text: privileges

text: required

text: her

text: to

text: be

text: fully

text: devoted

text: to

text: the

text: performance

text: of

text: her

text: duties

text: which

text: were

text: considered

text: essential

text: to

text: the

text: security

text: of

text: Rome

question: What vow was required of Vestals?

answer: chastity

text: chastity

question: What was the punishment for the loss of a Vestal's chastity?

answer: buried alive

text: buried alive

question: What was a Vestal expected to be to her duties?

answer: devoted

text: devoted

question: How were the Vestals' devotion to Rome's security viewed to be ?

answer: essential

text: essential

question: What was the honor granted a Vestal ?

answer: religious

text: religious


text: The final is normally held the Saturday after the Premier League season finishes in May. The only seasons in recent times when this pattern was not followed were 1999–2000, when most rounds were played a few weeks earlier than normal as an experiment, and 2010–11 and 2012–13 when the FA Cup Final was played before the Premier League season had finished, to allow Wembley Stadium to be ready for the UEFA Champions League final, as well as in 2011–12 to allow England time to prepare for that summer's European Championships.

title: FA_Cup

title: FA_Cup

text: The

text: final

text: is

text: normally

text: held

text: the

text: Saturday

text: after

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: season

text: finishes

text: in

text: May.

text: The

text: only

text: seasons

text: in

text: recent

text: times

text: when

text: this

text: pattern

text: was

text: not

text: followed

text: were

text: when

text: most

text: rounds

text: were

text: played

text: a

text: few

text: weeks

text: earlier

text: than

text: normal

text: as

text: an

text: experiment

text: and

text: and

text: when

text: the

text: FA

text: Cup

text: Final

text: was

text: played

text: before

text: the

text: Premier

text: League

text: season

text: had

text: finished

text: to

text: allow

text: Wembley

text: Stadium

text: to

text: be

text: ready

text: for

text: the

text: UEFA

text: Champions

text: League

text: final

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: in

text: to

text: allow

text: England

text: time

text: to

text: prepare

text: for

text: that

text: summer

text: 's

text: European

text: Championships

question: When does the final take place?

answer: The final is normally held the Saturday after the Premier League season finishes in May.

text: The final is normally held the Saturday after the Premier League season finishes in May.

question: Was there a time this was not the case?

answer: in recent times when this pattern was not followed were 1999–2000

text: in recent times when this pattern was not followed were 1999–2000

question: Why was that?

answer: most rounds were played a few weeks earlier than normal as an experiment

text: most rounds were played a few weeks earlier than normal as an experiment

question: Did that ever happen again?

answer: 2010–11 and 2012–13

text: 2010–11 and 2012–13

question: What happened during those years?

answer: the FA Cup Final was played before the Premier League season had finished, to allow Wembley Stadium to be ready for the UEFA Champions League final

text: the FA Cup Final was played before the Premier League season had finished, to allow Wembley Stadium to be ready for the UEFA Champions League final

question: When does the final never take place?

question: When is the UEFA Champions League normally held?

question: In what season was the UEFA Champions League not held on the normal day?

question: When was the final played early so that England could prepare for the UEFA Champions League?

question: What season were the European Championships played early as an experiment?


text: Residents of Norfolk Island do not pay Australian federal taxes, creating a tax haven for locals and visitors alike. Because there is no income tax, the island's legislative assembly raises money through an import duty, fuel levy, medicare levy, GST of 12% and local/international phone calls. In a move that apparently surprised many islanders the Chief Minister of Norfolk Island, David Buffett, announced on 6 November 2010 that the island would voluntarily surrender its tax free status in return for a financial bailout from the federal government to cover significant debts. The introduction of income taxation will now come into effect on July 1, 2016, with a variation of opinion on the island about these changes but with many understanding that for the island's governance to continue there is a need to pay into the commonwealth revenue pool so that the island can have assistance in supporting its delivery of State government responsibilities such as health, education, medicare, and infrastructure. Prior to these reforms residents of Norfolk Island were not entitled to social services. It appears that the reforms do extend to companies and trustees and not only individuals.

title: Norfolk_Island

title: Norfolk_Island

text: Residents

text: of

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: do

text: not

text: pay

text: Australian

text: federal

text: taxes

text: creating

text: a

text: tax

text: haven

text: for

text: locals

text: and

text: visitors

text: alike

text: Because

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: income

text: tax

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: legislative

text: assembly

text: raises

text: money

text: through

text: an

text: import

text: duty

text: fuel

text: levy

text: medicare

text: levy

text: GST

text: of

text: and

text: local

text: international

text: phone

text: calls

text: In

text: a

text: move

text: that

text: apparently

text: surprised

text: many

text: islanders

text: the

text: Chief

text: Minister

text: of

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: David

text: Buffett

text: announced

text: on

text: November

text: that

text: the

text: island

text: would

text: voluntarily

text: surrender

text: its

text: tax

text: free

text: status

text: in

text: return

text: for

text: a

text: financial

text: bailout

text: from

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: to

text: cover

text: significant

text: debts

text: The

text: introduction

text: of

text: income

text: taxation

text: will

text: now

text: come

text: into

text: effect

text: on

text: July

text: with

text: a

text: variation

text: of

text: opinion

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: about

text: these

text: changes

text: but

text: with

text: many

text: understanding

text: that

text: for

text: the

text: island

text: 's

text: governance

text: to

text: continue

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: need

text: to

text: pay

text: into

text: the

text: commonwealth

text: revenue

text: pool

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: island

text: can

text: have

text: assistance

text: in

text: supporting

text: its

text: delivery

text: of

text: State

text: government

text: responsibilities

text: such

text: as

text: health

text: education

text: medicare

text: and

text: infrastructure

text: Prior

text: to

text: these

text: reforms

text: residents

text: of

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: were

text: not

text: entitled

text: to

text: social

text: services

text: It

text: appears

text: that

text: the

text: reforms

text: do

text: extend

text: to

text: companies

text: and

text: trustees

text: and

text: not

text: only

text: individuals

question: Norfolk Island inhabitants and visitors don't pay what?

answer: Australian federal taxes

text: Australian federal taxes

question: Who is the Chief Minister of Norfolk Island?

answer: David Buffett

text: David Buffett

question: What reason did David Buffett give for Norfolk Island surrendering its' tax-free status?

answer: for a financial bailout from the federal government

text: for a financial bailout from the federal government

question: When will income tax be introduced on Norfolk Island?

answer: July 1, 2016

text: July 1, 2016

question: What type of services were Norfolk Island inhabitants unable to receive prior to this announcement?

answer: social

text: social

question: What do Norfolk Island inhabitants and visitors always pay?

text: Australian federal taxes

question: Who is the Chief Master of Norfolk Island?

text: David Buffett

question: What reason did David Buffett give for Norfolk Island keeping its' tax-free status?

question: When will income tax be removed by Norfolk Island?

text: July 1, 2016

question: What type of services were Norfolk Island inhabitants unable to receive after this announcement?

text: social


text: The stagnation and decline, Stephen Lee argues, was relentless after the death of Suleiman in 1566, interrupted by a few short revivals or reform and recovery. The decline gathered speed so that the Empire in 1699 was, "a mere shadow of that which intimidated East and West alike in 1566." Although there are dissenting scholars, most historians point to "degenerate Sultans, incompetent Grand Viziers, debilitated and ill-equipped armies, corrupt officials, avaricious speculators, grasping enemies, and treacherous friends." The main cause was a failure of leadership, as Lee argues the first 10 sultans from 1292 to 1566, with one exception, had performed admirably. The next 13 sultans from 1566 to 1703, with two exceptions, were lackadaisical or incompetent rulers, says Lee. In a highly centralized system, the failure at the center proved fatal. A direct result was the strengthening of provincial elites who increasingly ignored Constantinople. Secondly the military strength of European enemies grew stronger and stronger, while the Ottoman armies and arms scarcely improved. Finally the Ottoman economic system grew distorted and impoverished, as war caused inflation, world trade moved in other directions, and the deterioration of law and order made economic progress difficult.

title: Ottoman_Empire

title: Ottoman_Empire

text: The

text: stagnation

text: and

text: decline

text: Stephen

text: Lee

text: argues

text: was

text: relentless

text: after

text: the

text: death

text: of

text: Suleiman

text: in

text: interrupted

text: by

text: a

text: few

text: short

text: revivals

text: or

text: reform

text: and

text: recovery

text: The

text: decline

text: gathered

text: speed

text: so

text: that

text: the

text: Empire

text: in

text: was

text: a

text: mere

text: shadow

text: of

text: that

text: which

text: intimidated

text: East

text: and

text: West

text: alike

text: in

text: Although

text: there

text: are

text: dissenting

text: scholars

text: most

text: historians

text: point

text: to

text: degenerate

text: Sultans

text: incompetent

text: Grand

text: Viziers

text: debilitated

text: and

text: ill

text: equipped

text: armies

text: corrupt

text: officials

text: avaricious

text: speculators

text: grasping

text: enemies

text: and

text: treacherous

text: friends

text: The

text: main

text: cause

text: was

text: a

text: failure

text: of

text: leadership

text: as

text: Lee

text: argues

text: the

text: first

text: sultans

text: from

text: to

text: with

text: one

text: exception

text: had

text: performed

text: admirably

text: The

text: next

text: sultans

text: from

text: to

text: with

text: two

text: exceptions

text: were

text: lackadaisical

text: or

text: incompetent

text: rulers

text: says

text: Lee

text: In

text: a

text: highly

text: centralized

text: system

text: the

text: failure

text: at

text: the

text: center

text: proved

text: fatal

text: A

text: direct

text: result

text: was

text: the

text: strengthening

text: of

text: provincial

text: elites

text: who

text: increasingly

text: ignored

text: Constantinople

text: Secondly

text: the

text: military

text: strength

text: of

text: European

text: enemies

text: grew

text: stronger

text: and

text: stronger

text: while

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: armies

text: and

text: arms

text: scarcely

text: improved

text: Finally

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: economic

text: system

text: grew

text: distorted

text: and

text: impoverished

text: as

text: war

text: caused

text: inflation

text: world

text: trade

text: moved

text: in

text: other

text: directions

text: and

text: the

text: deterioration

text: of

text: law

text: and

text: order

text: made

text: economic

text: progress

text: difficult

question: Who argues that there was steep decline and stagnation after the death of Suleiman?

answer: Stephen Lee

text: Stephen Lee

question: In what year did Suleiman die?

answer: 1566

question: By what year was it argued that the Ottoman empire was merely "a shadow" of what it was in 1566?

answer: 1699

question: Beginning and ending with what years does Lee argue that the rules of the Empire were incompetent?

answer: 1566 to 1703

text: 1566 to 1703

question: What factor caused inflation in the Ottoman empire?

answer: war

text: war


text: After the disappointment of the Gaspart era, the combination of a new young president, Joan Laporta, and a young new manager, former Dutch and Milan star Frank Rijkaard, saw the club bounce back. On the field, an influx of international players, including Ronaldinho, Deco, Henrik Larsson, Ludovic Giuly, Samuel Eto'o, and Rafael Márquez, combined with home grown Spanish players, such as Carles Puyol, Andrés Iniesta, Xavi and Víctor Valdés, led to the club's return to success. Barcelona won La Liga and the Supercopa de España in 2004–05, and Ronaldinho and Eto'o were voted first and third, respectively, in the FIFA World Player of the Year awards.

title: FC_Barcelona

title: FC_Barcelona

text: After

text: the

text: disappointment

text: of

text: the

text: Gaspart

text: era

text: the

text: combination

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: young

text: president

text: Joan

text: Laporta

text: and

text: a

text: young

text: new

text: manager

text: former

text: Dutch

text: and

text: Milan

text: star

text: Frank

text: Rijkaard

text: saw

text: the

text: club

text: bounce

text: back

text: On

text: the

text: field

text: an

text: influx

text: of

text: international

text: players

text: including

text: Ronaldinho

text: Deco

text: Henrik

text: Larsson

text: Ludovic

text: Giuly

text: Samuel

text: Eto'o

text: and

text: Rafael

text: Márquez

text: combined

text: with

text: home

text: grown

text: Spanish

text: players

text: such

text: as

text: Carles

text: Puyol

text: Andrés

text: Iniesta

text: Xavi

text: and

text: Víctor

text: Valdés

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: club

text: 's

text: return

text: to

text: success

text: Barcelona

text: won

text: La

text: Liga

text: and

text: the

text: Supercopa

text: de

text: España

text: in

text: and

text: Ronaldinho

text: and

text: Eto'o

text: were

text: voted

text: first

text: and

text: third

text: respectively

text: in

text: the

text: FIFA

text: World

text: Player

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: awards

question: Under whose direction was there disappointment?

answer: Gaspart

text: Gaspart

question: After Gaspart, who was manager of team Barcelona?

answer: Frank Rijkaard

text: Frank Rijkaard

question: At this time, what type of players were added to Barcelona?

answer: international

text: international

question: What season did Barcelona win La Liga and Supercopa de Espana?

answer: 2004–05

question: Which player won FIFA World Player of the Year?

answer: Ronaldinho

text: Ronaldinho


text: The Hellenistic age also saw a rise in the disillusionment with traditional religion. The rise of philosophy and the sciences had removed the gods from many of their traditional domains such as their role in the movement of the heavenly bodies and natural disasters. The Sophists proclaimed the centrality of humanity and agnosticism; the belief in Euhemerism (the view that the gods were simply ancient kings and heroes), became popular. The popular philosopher Epicurus promoted a view of disinterested gods living far away from the human realm in metakosmia. The apotheosis of rulers also brought the idea of divinity down to earth. While there does seem to have been a substantial decline in religiosity, this was mostly reserved for the educated classes.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: The

text: Hellenistic

text: age

text: also

text: saw

text: a

text: rise

text: in

text: the

text: disillusionment

text: with

text: traditional

text: religion

text: The

text: rise

text: of

text: philosophy

text: and

text: the

text: sciences

text: had

text: removed

text: the

text: gods

text: from

text: many

text: of

text: their

text: traditional

text: domains

text: such

text: as

text: their

text: role

text: in

text: the

text: movement

text: of

text: the

text: heavenly

text: bodies

text: and

text: natural

text: disasters

text: The

text: Sophists

text: proclaimed

text: the

text: centrality

text: of

text: humanity

text: and

text: agnosticism

text: the

text: belief

text: in

text: Euhemerism

text: the

text: view

text: that

text: the

text: gods

text: were

text: simply

text: ancient

text: kings

text: and

text: heroes

text: became

text: popular

text: The

text: popular

text: philosopher

text: Epicurus

text: promoted

text: a

text: view

text: of

text: disinterested

text: gods

text: living

text: far

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: human

text: realm

text: in

text: metakosmia

text: The

text: apotheosis

text: of

text: rulers

text: also

text: brought

text: the

text: idea

text: of

text: divinity

text: down

text: to

text: earth

text: While

text: there

text: does

text: seem

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: a

text: substantial

text: decline

text: in

text: religiosity

text: this

text: was

text: mostly

text: reserved

text: for

text: the

text: educated

text: classes

question: The Hellinistic age marked the rise in what type of religion?

answer: traditional

text: traditional

question: Who declared the centrality of humanity and agnosticism?

answer: Sophists

text: Sophists

question: What is the view "that the gods were simply ancient kings and heroes" called?

answer: Euhemerism

text: Euhemerism

question: Who thought that gods were distant and uninterested?

answer: Epicurus

text: Epicurus

question: Rulers brought the concept of divinity to where?

answer: down to earth

text: down to earth


text: Since the early 1960s, theoretical linguists have moved away from the traditional concept of a phoneme, preferring to consider basic units at a more abstract level, as a component of morphemes; these units can be called morphophonemes, and analysis using this approach is called morphophonology.

title: Phonology

title: Phonology

text: Since

text: the

text: early

text: theoretical

text: linguists

text: have

text: moved

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: traditional

text: concept

text: of

text: a

text: phoneme

text: preferring

text: to

text: consider

text: basic

text: units

text: at

text: a

text: more

text: abstract

text: level

text: as

text: a

text: component

text: of

text: morphemes

text: these

text: units

text: can

text: be

text: called

text: morphophonemes

text: and

text: analysis

text: using

text: this

text: approach

text: is

text: called

text: morphophonology

question: When did theoretical linguists turn away traditional phoneme concepts?

answer: early 1960s

text: early 1960s

question: On what level do theoretical linguists consider basic units?

answer: abstract

text: abstract

question: What is a name for the basic morpheme unit?

answer: morphophonemes

text: morphophonemes

question: What is the act of analyzing morphophones called?

answer: morphophonology

text: morphophonology

question: What kind of linguists are leaving the old methods behind?

answer: theoretical

text: theoretical

question: When did theoretical linguists turn away traditioinal analysis concepts?

text: early 1960s

question: On what level do theoretical linguists consider basic approaches?

text: abstract

question: What is a name for the basic phoneme unit?

text: morphophonemes

question: What kind of linguists are leaving the old phonemes behind?

text: theoretical

question: When did theoretical linguists move away from the traditional concept of a morpheme?

text: early 1960s


text: In the classical music domain, Portugal is represented by names as the pianists Artur Pizarro, Maria João Pires, Sequeira Costa, the violinists Carlos Damas, Gerardo Ribeiro and in the past by the great cellist Guilhermina Suggia. Notable composers include José Vianna da Motta, Carlos Seixas, João Domingos Bomtempo, João de Sousa Carvalho, Luís de Freitas Branco and his student Joly Braga Santos, Fernando Lopes-Graça, Emmanuel Nunes and Sérgio Azevedo. Similarly, contemporary composers such as Nuno Malo and Miguel d'Oliveira have achieved some international success writing original music for film and television.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: In

text: the

text: classical

text: music

text: domain

text: Portugal

text: is

text: represented

text: by

text: names

text: as

text: the

text: pianists

text: Artur

text: Pizarro

text: Maria

text: João

text: Pires

text: Sequeira

text: Costa

text: the

text: violinists

text: Carlos

text: Damas

text: Gerardo

text: Ribeiro

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: past

text: by

text: the

text: great

text: cellist

text: Guilhermina

text: Suggia

text: Notable

text: composers

text: include

text: José

text: Vianna

text: da

text: Motta

text: Carlos

text: Seixas

text: João

text: Domingos

text: Bomtempo

text: João

text: de

text: Sousa

text: Carvalho

text: Luís

text: de

text: Freitas

text: Branco

text: and

text: his

text: student

text: Joly

text: Braga

text: Santos

text: Fernando

text: Lopes

text: Graça

text: Emmanuel

text: Nunes

text: and

text: Sérgio

text: Azevedo

text: Similarly

text: contemporary

text: composers

text: such

text: as

text: Nuno

text: Malo

text: and

text: Miguel

text: d'Oliveira

text: have

text: achieved

text: some

text: international

text: success

text: writing

text: original

text: music

text: for

text: film

text: and

text: television

question: What are some examples of classical pianists from Portugal?

answer: Artur Pizarro, Maria João Pires, Sequeira Costa

text: Artur Pizarro, Maria João Pires, Sequeira Costa

question: What are some examples of classical violinists from Portugal?

answer: Carlos Damas, Gerardo Ribeiro

text: Carlos Damas, Gerardo Ribeiro

question: Who are some notable musical composers from Portugal?

answer: José Vianna da Motta, Carlos Seixas, João Domingos Bomtempo, João de Sousa Carvalho, Luís de Freitas Branco and his student Joly Braga Santos

text: José Vianna da Motta, Carlos Seixas, João Domingos Bomtempo, João de Sousa Carvalho, Luís de Freitas Branco and his student Joly Braga Santos

question: Who are some contemporary composers from Portugal?

answer: Nuno Malo and Miguel d'Oliveira

text: Nuno Malo and Miguel d'Oliveira


text: Informal learning usually takes place outside educational establishments, does not follow a specified curriculum and may originate accidentally, sporadically, in association with certain occasions, from changing practical requirements. It is not necessarily planned to be pedagogically conscious, systematic and according to subjects, but rather unconsciously incidental, holistically problem-related, and related to situation management and fitness for life. It is experienced directly in its "natural" function of everyday life and is often spontaneous.

title: Education

title: Education

text: Informal

text: learning

text: usually

text: takes

text: place

text: outside

text: educational

text: establishments

text: does

text: not

text: follow

text: a

text: specified

text: curriculum

text: and

text: may

text: originate

text: accidentally

text: sporadically

text: in

text: association

text: with

text: certain

text: occasions

text: from

text: changing

text: practical

text: requirements

text: It

text: is

text: not

text: necessarily

text: planned

text: to

text: be

text: pedagogically

text: conscious

text: systematic

text: and

text: according

text: to

text: subjects

text: but

text: rather

text: unconsciously

text: incidental

text: holistically

text: problem

text: related

text: and

text: related

text: to

text: situation

text: management

text: and

text: fitness

text: for

text: life

text: It

text: is

text: experienced

text: directly

text: in

text: its

text: natural

text: function

text: of

text: everyday

text: life

text: and

text: is

text: often

text: spontaneous

question: Where does informal learning usually take place?

answer: outside educational establishments

text: outside educational establishments

question: What is not necessary for informal learning?

answer: to be pedagogically conscious, systematic and according to subjects

text: to be pedagogically conscious, systematic and according to subjects

question: What falls under the informal learning umbrella?

answer: unconsciously incidental, holistically problem-related, and related to situation management

text: unconsciously incidental, holistically problem-related, and related to situation management

question: Where does informal learning not usually take place?

text: outside educational establishments

question: What is necessary for informal learning?

text: planned to be pedagogically conscious

question: What falls under the formal learning umbrella?

question: What is experienced directly in unnatural function of every day life?

text: Informal learning

question: What is not a spontaneous type of learning?

text: Informal learning


text: Describing his sixth studio album Yeezus (2013) as "a protest to music," West embraced an abrasive style that incorporated industrial music, acid house, dancehall, punk, electro, and Chicago drill. Inspired by the minimalist design of Le Corbusier and primarily electronic in nature, the album features distorted drum machines and "synthesizers that sound like they're malfunctioning, low-resolution samplers that add a pixelated digital aura to the most analog sounds." To this end, the album incorporates glitches reminiscent of CD skips or corrupted MP3's, and Auto-Tuned vocals are modulated to a point in which they are difficult to decipher. It also continues West's practice of eclectic samples: he employs a sample of Nina Simone's "Strange Fruit," an obscure Hindi sample on "I Am a God", and a sample of 1970s Hungarian rock group Omega on "New Slaves". "On Sight" interpolates a melody from "Sermon (He'll Give Us What We Really Need)" by the Holy Name of Mary Choral Family. Rolling Stone called the album a "brilliant, obsessive-compulsive career auto-correct".

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: Describing

text: his

text: sixth

text: studio

text: album

text: Yeezus

text: as

text: a

text: protest

text: to

text: music

text: West

text: embraced

text: an

text: abrasive

text: style

text: that

text: incorporated

text: industrial

text: music

text: acid

text: house

text: dancehall

text: punk

text: electro

text: and

text: Chicago

text: drill

text: Inspired

text: by

text: the

text: minimalist

text: design

text: of

text: Le

text: Corbusier

text: and

text: primarily

text: electronic

text: in

text: nature

text: the

text: album

text: features

text: distorted

text: drum

text: machines

text: and

text: synthesizers

text: that

text: sound

text: like

text: they

text: 're

text: malfunctioning

text: low

text: resolution

text: samplers

text: that

text: add

text: a

text: pixelated

text: digital

text: aura

text: to

text: the

text: most

text: analog

text: sounds

text: To

text: this

text: end

text: the

text: album

text: incorporates

text: glitches

text: reminiscent

text: of

text: CD

text: skips

text: or

text: corrupted

text: 's

text: and

text: Auto

text: Tuned

text: vocals

text: are

text: modulated

text: to

text: a

text: point

text: in

text: which

text: they

text: are

text: difficult

text: to

text: decipher

text: It

text: also

text: continues

text: West

text: 's

text: practice

text: of

text: eclectic

text: samples

text: he

text: employs

text: a

text: sample

text: of

text: Nina

text: Simone

text: 's

text: Strange

text: Fruit

text: an

text: obscure

text: Hindi

text: sample

text: on

text: I

text: Am

text: a

text: God

text: and

text: a

text: sample

text: of

text: Hungarian

text: rock

text: group

text: Omega

text: on

text: New

text: Slaves

text: On

text: Sight

text: interpolates

text: a

text: melody

text: from

text: Sermon

text: He

text: 'll

text: Give

text: Us

text: What

text: We

text: Really

text: Need

text: by

text: the

text: Holy

text: Name

text: of

text: Mary

text: Choral

text: Family

text: Rolling

text: Stone

text: called

text: the

text: album

text: a

text: brilliant

text: obsessive

text: compulsive

text: career

text: auto

text: correct

question: What did Kanye state that Yeezus was?

answer: a protest to music

text: a protest to music

question: What artist did Kanye draw inspiration from when crafting Yeezus?

answer: Le Corbusier

text: Le Corbusier

question: In what year was Kanye West's sixth album released?

answer: 2013

question: What was the title of Kanye's sixth album?

answer: Yeezus

text: Yeezus


text: The city shares a 15-mile (24 km) border with Mexico that includes two border crossings. San Diego hosts the busiest international border crossing in the world, in the San Ysidro neighborhood at the San Ysidro Port of Entry. A second, primarily commercial border crossing operates in the Otay Mesa area; it is the largest commercial crossing on the California-Baja California border and handles the third-highest volume of trucks and dollar value of trade among all United States-Mexico land crossings.

title: San_Diego

title: San_Diego

text: The

text: city

text: shares

text: a

text: km

text: border

text: with

text: Mexico

text: that

text: includes

text: two

text: border

text: crossings

text: San

text: Diego

text: hosts

text: the

text: busiest

text: international

text: border

text: crossing

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: the

text: San

text: Ysidro

text: neighborhood

text: at

text: the

text: San

text: Ysidro

text: Port

text: of

text: Entry

text: A

text: second

text: primarily

text: commercial

text: border

text: crossing

text: operates

text: in

text: the

text: Otay

text: Mesa

text: area

text: it

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: commercial

text: crossing

text: on

text: the

text: California

text: Baja

text: California

text: border

text: and

text: handles

text: the

text: third

text: highest

text: volume

text: of

text: trucks

text: and

text: dollar

text: value

text: of

text: trade

text: among

text: all

text: United

text: States

text: Mexico

text: land

text: crossings

question: Where is San Diego's border crossing?

answer: the San Ysidro neighborhood at the San Ysidro Port of Entry

text: the San Ysidro neighborhood at the San Ysidro Port of Entry

question: How long is the border that San Diego shares with Mexico?

answer: 15-mile (24 km)

text: 15-mile (24 km)

question: Where is the next nearest commercial crossing at the border?

answer: Otay Mesa

text: Otay Mesa

question: What is the volumte of trucks handled at the Otay Mesa crossing?

answer: the third-highest volume of trucks and dollar value of trade among all United States-Mexico land crossings.

text: the third-highest volume of trucks and dollar value of trade among all United States-Mexico land crossings.

question: How many border crossings does San Diego share with Mexico?

answer: two

text: two

question: Where is San Francisco's border crossing?

question: How long is the border that San Francisco shares with Mexico?

text: 15-mile (24 km)

question: Where is the farthest commercial crossing at the border?

text: Otay Mesa

question: What is the volumte of bikes handled at the Otay Mesa crossing?

question: How many border crossings does San Francisco share with Mexico?

text: two


text: The skeleton consists of very lightweight bones. They have large air-filled cavities (called pneumatic cavities) which connect with the respiratory system. The skull bones in adults are fused and do not show cranial sutures. The orbits are large and separated by a bony septum. The spine has cervical, thoracic, lumbar and caudal regions with the number of cervical (neck) vertebrae highly variable and especially flexible, but movement is reduced in the anterior thoracic vertebrae and absent in the later vertebrae. The last few are fused with the pelvis to form the synsacrum. The ribs are flattened and the sternum is keeled for the attachment of flight muscles except in the flightless bird orders. The forelimbs are modified into wings.

title: Bird

title: Bird

text: The

text: skeleton

text: consists

text: of

text: very

text: lightweight

text: bones

text: They

text: have

text: large

text: air

text: filled

text: cavities

text: called

text: pneumatic

text: cavities

text: which

text: connect

text: with

text: the

text: respiratory

text: system

text: The

text: skull

text: bones

text: in

text: adults

text: are

text: fused

text: and

text: do

text: not

text: show

text: cranial

text: sutures

text: The

text: orbits

text: are

text: large

text: and

text: separated

text: by

text: a

text: bony

text: septum

text: The

text: spine

text: has

text: cervical

text: thoracic

text: lumbar

text: and

text: caudal

text: regions

text: with

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: cervical

text: neck

text: vertebrae

text: highly

text: variable

text: and

text: especially

text: flexible

text: but

text: movement

text: is

text: reduced

text: in

text: the

text: anterior

text: thoracic

text: vertebrae

text: and

text: absent

text: in

text: the

text: later

text: vertebrae

text: The

text: last

text: few

text: are

text: fused

text: with

text: the

text: pelvis

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: synsacrum

text: The

text: ribs

text: are

text: flattened

text: and

text: the

text: sternum

text: is

text: keeled

text: for

text: the

text: attachment

text: of

text: flight

text: muscles

text: except

text: in

text: the

text: flightless

text: bird

text: orders

text: The

text: forelimbs

text: are

text: modified

text: into

text: wings

question: What consists of very lightweight bones?

answer: The skeleton

text: The skeleton

question: What does the skeleton consist of?

answer: very lightweight bones

text: very lightweight bones

question: What are pneumatic cavities?

answer: large air-filled cavities

text: large air-filled cavities

question: What are large air-filled cavities that connect to the respiratory system?

answer: pneumatic cavities

text: pneumatic cavities

question: What is formed when vertebrae are fused with the pelvis?

answer: synsacrum

text: synsacrum


text: Many bird species migrate to take advantage of global differences of seasonal temperatures, therefore optimising availability of food sources and breeding habitat. These migrations vary among the different groups. Many landbirds, shorebirds, and waterbirds undertake annual long distance migrations, usually triggered by the length of daylight as well as weather conditions. These birds are characterised by a breeding season spent in the temperate or polar regions and a non-breeding season in the tropical regions or opposite hemisphere. Before migration, birds substantially increase body fats and reserves and reduce the size of some of their organs. Migration is highly demanding energetically, particularly as birds need to cross deserts and oceans without refuelling. Landbirds have a flight range of around 2,500 km (1,600 mi) and shorebirds can fly up to 4,000 km (2,500 mi), although the bar-tailed godwit is capable of non-stop flights of up to 10,200 km (6,300 mi). Seabirds also undertake long migrations, the longest annual migration being those of sooty shearwaters, which nest in New Zealand and Chile and spend the northern summer feeding in the North Pacific off Japan, Alaska and California, an annual round trip of 64,000 km (39,800 mi). Other seabirds disperse after breeding, travelling widely but having no set migration route. Albatrosses nesting in the Southern Ocean often undertake circumpolar trips between breeding seasons.

title: Bird

title: Bird

text: Many

text: bird

text: species

text: migrate

text: to

text: take

text: advantage

text: of

text: global

text: differences

text: of

text: seasonal

text: temperatures

text: therefore

text: optimising

text: availability

text: of

text: food

text: sources

text: and

text: breeding

text: habitat

text: These

text: migrations

text: vary

text: among

text: the

text: different

text: groups

text: Many

text: landbirds

text: shorebirds

text: and

text: waterbirds

text: undertake

text: annual

text: long

text: distance

text: migrations

text: usually

text: triggered

text: by

text: the

text: length

text: of

text: daylight

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: weather

text: conditions

text: These

text: birds

text: are

text: characterised

text: by

text: a

text: breeding

text: season

text: spent

text: in

text: the

text: temperate

text: or

text: polar

text: regions

text: and

text: a

text: non

text: breeding

text: season

text: in

text: the

text: tropical

text: regions

text: or

text: opposite

text: hemisphere

text: Before

text: migration

text: birds

text: substantially

text: increase

text: body

text: fats

text: and

text: reserves

text: and

text: reduce

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: some

text: of

text: their

text: organs

text: Migration

text: is

text: highly

text: demanding

text: energetically

text: particularly

text: as

text: birds

text: need

text: to

text: cross

text: deserts

text: and

text: oceans

text: without

text: refuelling

text: Landbirds

text: have

text: a

text: flight

text: range

text: of

text: around

text: km

text: mi

text: and

text: shorebirds

text: can

text: fly

text: up

text: to

text: km

text: mi

text: although

text: the

text: bar

text: tailed

text: godwit

text: is

text: capable

text: of

text: non

text: stop

text: flights

text: of

text: up

text: to

text: km

text: mi

text: Seabirds

text: also

text: undertake

text: long

text: migrations

text: the

text: longest

text: annual

text: migration

text: being

text: those

text: of

text: sooty

text: shearwaters

text: which

text: nest

text: in

text: New

text: Zealand

text: and

text: Chile

text: and

text: spend

text: the

text: northern

text: summer

text: feeding

text: in

text: the

text: North

text: Pacific

text: off

text: Japan

text: Alaska

text: and

text: California

text: an

text: annual

text: round

text: trip

text: of

text: km

text: mi

text: Other

text: seabirds

text: disperse

text: after

text: breeding

text: travelling

text: widely

text: but

text: having

text: no

text: set

text: migration

text: route

text: Albatrosses

text: nesting

text: in

text: the

text: Southern

text: Ocean

text: often

text: undertake

text: circumpolar

text: trips

text: between

text: breeding

text: seasons

question: When do birds substantially increase body fats and reduce the size of some of their organs?

answer: Before migration

text: Before migration

question: What is the flight range of landbirds?

answer: 2,500 km (1,600 mi)

text: 2,500 km (1,600 mi)

question: What is the flight range of shoebirds?

answer: 4,000 km (2,500 mi)

text: 4,000 km (2,500 mi)

question: Which bird is capable of non-stop flights of up to 6,300 miles?

answer: bar-tailed godwit

text: bar-tailed godwit

question: Which birds often undertake circumpolar trips between breeding seasons?

answer: Albatrosses nesting in the Southern Ocean

text: Albatrosses nesting in the Southern Ocean


text: Since 2005, Iran's nuclear program has become the subject of contention with the international community following earlier quotes of Iranian leadership favoring the use of an atomic bomb against Iran's enemies and in particular Israel. Many countries have expressed concern that Iran's nuclear program could divert civilian nuclear technology into a weapons program. This has led the UN Security Council to impose sanctions against Iran which had further isolated Iran politically and economically from the rest of the global community. In 2009, the US Director of National Intelligence said that Iran, if choosing to, would not be able to develop a nuclear weapon until 2013.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: Since

text: Iran

text: 's

text: nuclear

text: program

text: has

text: become

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: contention

text: with

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: following

text: earlier

text: quotes

text: of

text: Iranian

text: leadership

text: favoring

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: an

text: atomic

text: bomb

text: against

text: Iran

text: 's

text: enemies

text: and

text: in

text: particular

text: Israel

text: Many

text: countries

text: have

text: expressed

text: concern

text: that

text: Iran

text: 's

text: nuclear

text: program

text: could

text: divert

text: civilian

text: nuclear

text: technology

text: into

text: a

text: weapons

text: program

text: This

text: has

text: led

text: the

text: UN

text: Security

text: Council

text: to

text: impose

text: sanctions

text: against

text: Iran

text: which

text: had

text: further

text: isolated

text: Iran

text: politically

text: and

text: economically

text: from

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: global

text: community

text: In

text: the

text: US

text: Director

text: of

text: National

text: Intelligence

text: said

text: that

text: Iran

text: if

text: choosing

text: to

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: develop

text: a

text: nuclear

text: weapon

text: until

question: Iran's nuclear program has caused discord within the international community since when?

answer: Since 2005

text: Since 2005

question: Which country did Iran's leadership was quoted as being a possible target of its atomic weapons?

answer: Israel

text: Israel

question: Who imposed sanctions against Iran as a result of Iran's nuclear program?

answer: UN Security Council

text: UN Security Council

question: When was it estimated by the US Director of National Intelligence that Iran would be able to develop a nuclear weapon?

answer: 2013


text: The "No Surprises" rule is meant to protect the landowner if "unforeseen circumstances" occur which make the landowner's efforts to prevent or mitigate harm to the species fall short. The "No Surprises" policy may be the most controversial of the recent reforms of the law, because once an Incidental Take Permit is granted, the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) loses much ability to further protect a species if the mitigation measures by the landowner prove insufficient. The landowner or permittee would not be required to set aside additional land or pay more in conservation money. The federal government would have to pay for additional protection measures.

title: Endangered_Species_Act

title: Endangered_Species_Act

text: The

text: No

text: Surprises

text: rule

text: is

text: meant

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: landowner

text: if

text: unforeseen

text: circumstances

text: occur

text: which

text: make

text: the

text: landowner

text: 's

text: efforts

text: to

text: prevent

text: or

text: mitigate

text: harm

text: to

text: the

text: species

text: fall

text: short

text: The

text: No

text: Surprises

text: policy

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: most

text: controversial

text: of

text: the

text: recent

text: reforms

text: of

text: the

text: law

text: because

text: once

text: an

text: Incidental

text: Take

text: Permit

text: is

text: granted

text: the

text: Fish

text: and

text: Wildlife

text: Service

text: FWS

text: loses

text: much

text: ability

text: to

text: further

text: protect

text: a

text: species

text: if

text: the

text: mitigation

text: measures

text: by

text: the

text: landowner

text: prove

text: insufficient

text: The

text: landowner

text: or

text: permittee

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: required

text: to

text: set

text: aside

text: additional

text: land

text: or

text: pay

text: more

text: in

text: conservation

text: money

text: The

text: federal

text: government

text: would

text: have

text: to

text: pay

text: for

text: additional

text: protection

text: measures

question: What is the name of the rule that protects the landowner if their conservation efforts fall short?

answer: The "No Surprises" rule

text: The "No Surprises" rule

question: Why is this particular rule so controversial?

answer: the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) loses much ability to further protect a species if the mitigation measures by the landowner prove insufficient.

text: the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) loses much ability to further protect a species if the mitigation measures by the landowner prove insufficient.

question: If the landowner fails to adequately protect the species, what penalties do they face with the "No Surprises" rule?

answer: The landowner or permittee would not be required to set aside additional land or pay more in conservation money

text: The landowner or permittee would not be required to set aside additional land or pay more in conservation money

question: Who covers the cost of additional efforts if the ITP holder's efforts fall short?

answer: The federal government would have to pay for additional protection measures

text: The federal government would have to pay for additional protection measures

question: Why is the ITP controversial?

question: What policy protects the species from unforeseen circumstances?

text: The "No Surprises" rule

question: What is granted after the No Surprises rule comes into play?

text: Incidental Take Permit

question: What is the federal government is not required to pay for?

text: additional protection measures

question: What does the No Surprises rule requires landowners to put aside?


text: Detailed licensing records were kept, giving the Public House, its address, owner, licensee and misdemeanours of the licensees, often going back for hundreds of years[citation needed]. Many of these records survive and can be viewed, for example, at the London Metropolitan Archives centre.

title: Pub

title: Pub

text: Detailed

text: licensing

text: records

text: were

text: kept

text: giving

text: the

text: Public

text: House

text: its

text: address

text: owner

text: licensee

text: and

text: misdemeanours

text: of

text: the

text: licensees

text: often

text: going

text: back

text: for

text: hundreds

text: of

text: years[citation

text: needed

text: Many

text: of

text: these

text: records

text: survive

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: viewed

text: for

text: example

text: at

text: the

text: London

text: Metropolitan

text: Archives

text: centre

question: Where can historical licensing records be examined?

answer: London Metropolitan Archives centre

text: London Metropolitan Archives centre

question: Along with a public house's address, licensee, and the licensee's misdemeanors, what information was kept in licensing records?

answer: owner

text: owner


text: In the 19th century, the city was transformed by development relating to its status as a trading center, as well as by European immigration. The city adopted the Commissioners' Plan of 1811, which expanded the city street grid to encompass all of Manhattan. The 1825 completion of the Erie Canal through central New York connected the Atlantic port to the agricultural markets and commodities of the North American interior via the Hudson River and the Great Lakes. Local politics became dominated by Tammany Hall, a political machine supported by Irish and German immigrants.

title: New_York_City

title: New_York_City

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: transformed

text: by

text: development

text: relating

text: to

text: its

text: status

text: as

text: a

text: trading

text: center

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: by

text: European

text: immigration

text: The

text: city

text: adopted

text: the

text: Commissioners

text: Plan

text: of

text: which

text: expanded

text: the

text: city

text: street

text: grid

text: to

text: encompass

text: all

text: of

text: Manhattan

text: The

text: completion

text: of

text: the

text: Erie

text: Canal

text: through

text: central

text: New

text: York

text: connected

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: port

text: to

text: the

text: agricultural

text: markets

text: and

text: commodities

text: of

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: interior

text: via

text: the

text: Hudson

text: River

text: and

text: the

text: Great

text: Lakes

text: Local

text: politics

text: became

text: dominated

text: by

text: Tammany

text: Hall

text: a

text: political

text: machine

text: supported

text: by

text: Irish

text: and

text: German

text: immigrants

question: What plan of 1811 spread a grid of streets across Manhattan?

answer: Commissioners' Plan

text: Commissioners' Plan

question: In what year did the Erie Canal finish building?

answer: 1825

question: What political machine controlled New York politics in this era?

answer: Tammany Hall

text: Tammany Hall

question: Along with German immigrants, immigrants of what nationality supported Tammany Hall?

answer: Irish

text: Irish

question: The Erie Canal was finished being built in what year?

answer: 1825


text: The language has numerous regional dialects which are generally not mutually intelligible. It is employed throughout the Tibetan plateau and Bhutan and is also spoken in parts of Nepal and northern India, such as Sikkim. In general, the dialects of central Tibet (including Lhasa), Kham, Amdo and some smaller nearby areas are considered Tibetan dialects. Other forms, particularly Dzongkha, Sikkimese, Sherpa, and Ladakhi, are considered by their speakers, largely for political reasons, to be separate languages. However, if the latter group of Tibetan-type languages are included in the calculation, then 'greater Tibetan' is spoken by approximately 6 million people across the Tibetan Plateau. Tibetan is also spoken by approximately 150,000 exile speakers who have fled from modern-day Tibet to India and other countries.

title: Tibet

title: Tibet

text: The

text: language

text: has

text: numerous

text: regional

text: dialects

text: which

text: are

text: generally

text: not

text: mutually

text: intelligible

text: It

text: is

text: employed

text: throughout

text: the

text: Tibetan

text: plateau

text: and

text: Bhutan

text: and

text: is

text: also

text: spoken

text: in

text: parts

text: of

text: Nepal

text: and

text: northern

text: India

text: such

text: as

text: Sikkim

text: In

text: general

text: the

text: dialects

text: of

text: central

text: Tibet

text: including

text: Lhasa

text: Kham

text: Amdo

text: and

text: some

text: smaller

text: nearby

text: areas

text: are

text: considered

text: Tibetan

text: dialects

text: Other

text: forms

text: particularly

text: Dzongkha

text: Sikkimese

text: Sherpa

text: and

text: Ladakhi

text: are

text: considered

text: by

text: their

text: speakers

text: largely

text: for

text: political

text: reasons

text: to

text: be

text: separate

text: languages

text: However

text: if

text: the

text: latter

text: group

text: of

text: Tibetan

text: type

text: languages

text: are

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: calculation

text: then

text: greater

text: Tibetan

text: is

text: spoken

text: by

text: approximately

text: million

text: people

text: across

text: the

text: Tibetan

text: Plateau

text: Tibetan

text: is

text: also

text: spoken

text: by

text: approximately

text: exile

text: speakers

text: who

text: have

text: fled

text: from

text: modern

text: day

text: Tibet

text: to

text: India

text: and

text: other

text: countries

question: How many people across the Tibetan Plateau speak 'greater Tibetan'?

answer: approximately 6 million

text: approximately 6 million

question: How many people who have fled modern-day Tibet are considered to be exile speakers of Tibetan?

answer: approximately 150,000

text: approximately 150,000

question: Why are Dzongkha, Sikkimese, Sherpa, and Ladakhi considered to be separate languages?

answer: political reasons

text: political reasons

question: Where have 6 million exiles fled to?

text: India and other countries

question: What is spoken by 156,000 people?

text: Tibetan

question: What type of dialects are Dzongkha and Sherpa considered?

text: Tibetan dialects

question: What reason do the speakers of Kham consider their language to be separate?

text: political


text: North Raleigh is an expansive, diverse, and fast-growing suburban area of the city that is home to established neighborhoods to the south along with many newly built subdivisions and along its northern fringes. The area generally falls North of Millbrook Road. It is primarily suburban with large shopping areas. Primary neighborhoods and subdivisions in North Raleigh include Harrington Grove, Springdale, Dominion Park, Bedford, Bent Tree, Brentwood, Brier Creek, Brookhaven, Black Horse Run, Coachman's Trail, Crossgate, Crosswinds, Falls River, Hidden Valley, Lake Park, North Haven, North Ridge, Oakcroft, Shannon Woods, Six Forks Station, Springdale, Stonebridge, Stone Creek, Stonehenge, Summerfield, Valley Estates, Wakefield, Weathersfield, Windsor Forest, and Wood Valley. The area is served by a number of primary transportation corridors including Glenwood Avenue U.S. Route 70, Interstate 540, Wake Forest Road, Millbrook Road, Lynn Road, Six Forks Road, Spring Forest Road, Creedmoor Road, Leesville Road, Strickland Road, and North Hills Drive.

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

title: Raleigh,_North_Carolina

text: North

text: Raleigh

text: is

text: an

text: expansive

text: diverse

text: and

text: fast

text: growing

text: suburban

text: area

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: that

text: is

text: home

text: to

text: established

text: neighborhoods

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: along

text: with

text: many

text: newly

text: built

text: subdivisions

text: and

text: along

text: its

text: northern

text: fringes

text: The

text: area

text: generally

text: falls

text: North

text: of

text: Millbrook

text: Road

text: It

text: is

text: primarily

text: suburban

text: with

text: large

text: shopping

text: areas

text: Primary

text: neighborhoods

text: and

text: subdivisions

text: in

text: North

text: Raleigh

text: include

text: Harrington

text: Grove

text: Springdale

text: Dominion

text: Park

text: Bedford

text: Bent

text: Tree

text: Brentwood

text: Brier

text: Creek

text: Brookhaven

text: Black

text: Horse

text: Run

text: Coachman

text: 's

text: Trail

text: Crossgate

text: Crosswinds

text: Falls

text: River

text: Hidden

text: Valley

text: Lake

text: Park

text: North

text: Haven

text: North

text: Ridge

text: Oakcroft

text: Shannon

text: Woods

text: Six

text: Forks

text: Station

text: Springdale

text: Stonebridge

text: Stone

text: Creek

text: Stonehenge

text: Summerfield

text: Valley

text: Estates

text: Wakefield

text: Weathersfield

text: Windsor

text: Forest

text: and

text: Wood

text: Valley

text: The

text: area

text: is

text: served

text: by

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: primary

text: transportation

text: corridors

text: including

text: Glenwood

text: Avenue

text: U.S.

text: Route

text: Interstate

text: Wake

text: Forest

text: Road

text: Millbrook

text: Road

text: Lynn

text: Road

text: Six

text: Forks

text: Road

text: Spring

text: Forest

text: Road

text: Creedmoor

text: Road

text: Leesville

text: Road

text: Strickland

text: Road

text: and

text: North

text: Hills

text: Drive

question: What are in the area?

answer: large shopping areas.

text: large shopping areas.

question: What neighborhoods are in North Raleigh?

answer: Harrington Grove, Springdale, Dominion Park

text: Harrington Grove, Springdale, Dominion Park

question: What are the means of transportation in the area?

answer: U.S. Route 70, Interstate 540,

text: U.S. Route 70, Interstate 540,

question: What type of area is North Raleigh?

answer: expansive, diverse, and fast-growing

text: expansive, diverse, and fast-growing

question: What area is slow-growing and not expansive?

text: North Raleigh

question: Where are subdivisions hard to find?

text: North Raleigh

question: What area is urban and not suburban?

text: North Raleigh

question: What area does Route 40 run through?

text: North Raleigh

question: What area does US 90 run through?

text: North Raleigh


text: Iran's climate ranges from arid or semiarid, to subtropical along the Caspian coast and the northern forests. On the northern edge of the country (the Caspian coastal plain) temperatures rarely fall below freezing and the area remains humid for the rest of the year. Summer temperatures rarely exceed 29 °C (84.2 °F). Annual precipitation is 680 mm (26.8 in) in the eastern part of the plain and more than 1,700 mm (66.9 in) in the western part. United Nations Resident Coordinator for Iran Gary Lewis has said that "Water scarcity poses the most severe human security challenge in Iran today".

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: Iran

text: 's

text: climate

text: ranges

text: from

text: arid

text: or

text: semiarid

text: to

text: subtropical

text: along

text: the

text: Caspian

text: coast

text: and

text: the

text: northern

text: forests

text: On

text: the

text: northern

text: edge

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: the

text: Caspian

text: coastal

text: plain

text: temperatures

text: rarely

text: fall

text: below

text: freezing

text: and

text: the

text: area

text: remains

text: humid

text: for

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: year

text: Summer

text: temperatures

text: rarely

text: exceed

text: C

text: F

text: Annual

text: precipitation

text: is

text: mm

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: plain

text: and

text: more

text: than

text: mm

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: United

text: Nations

text: Resident

text: Coordinator

text: for

text: Iran

text: Gary

text: Lewis

text: has

text: said

text: that

text: Water

text: scarcity

text: poses

text: the

text: most

text: severe

text: human

text: security

text: challenge

text: in

text: Iran

text: today

question: Iran's climate along its Capsian coast and northen forests is?

answer: subtropical

text: subtropical

question: During what season does Iran's northern region's temperatures never go higher than 29c?

answer: Summer

text: Summer

question: What is the annual precipitation in Iran's eastern plains?

answer: 680 mm (26.8 in)

text: 680 mm (26.8 in)

question: What is the annual precipitation in Iran's western plains?

answer: 1,700 mm (66.9 in)

text: 1,700 mm (66.9 in)

question: According to Gary Lewis of the UN, what is the most pressing human security challenge in Iran?

answer: Water scarcity

text: Water scarcity


text: John's illness grew worse and by the time he reached Newark Castle he was unable to travel any farther; John died on the night of 18 October. Numerous – probably fictitious – accounts circulated soon after his death that he had been killed by poisoned ale, poisoned plums or a "surfeit of peaches". His body was escorted south by a company of mercenaries and he was buried in Worcester Cathedral in front of the altar of St Wulfstan. A new sarcophagus with an effigy was made for him in 1232, in which his remains now rest.

title: John,_King_of_England

title: John,_King_of_England

text: John

text: 's

text: illness

text: grew

text: worse

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: time

text: he

text: reached

text: Newark

text: Castle

text: he

text: was

text: unable

text: to

text: travel

text: any

text: farther

text: John

text: died

text: on

text: the

text: night

text: of

text: October

text: Numerous

text: probably

text: fictitious

text: accounts

text: circulated

text: soon

text: after

text: his

text: death

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: been

text: killed

text: by

text: poisoned

text: ale

text: poisoned

text: plums

text: or

text: a

text: surfeit

text: of

text: peaches

text: His

text: body

text: was

text: escorted

text: south

text: by

text: a

text: company

text: of

text: mercenaries

text: and

text: he

text: was

text: buried

text: in

text: Worcester

text: Cathedral

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: altar

text: of

text: St

text: Wulfstan

text: A

text: new

text: sarcophagus

text: with

text: an

text: effigy

text: was

text: made

text: for

text: him

text: in

text: in

text: which

text: his

text: remains

text: now

text: rest

question: When did John die?

answer: 18 October

text: 18 October

question: When was a new sarcophagus made for him?

answer: 1232

question: Where was John buried?

answer: Worcester Cathedral

text: Worcester Cathedral


text: John treated the interdict as "the equivalent of a papal declaration of war". He responded by attempting to punish Innocent personally and to drive a wedge between those English clergy that might support him and those allying themselves firmly with the authorities in Rome. John seized the lands of those clergy unwilling to conduct services, as well as those estates linked to Innocent himself; he arrested the illicit concubines that many clerics kept during the period, only releasing them after the payment of fines; he seized the lands of members of the church who had fled England, and he promised protection for those clergy willing to remain loyal to him. In many cases, individual institutions were able to negotiate terms for managing their own properties and keeping the produce of their estates. By 1209 the situation showed no signs of resolution, and Innocent threatened to excommunicate John if he did not acquiesce to Langton's appointment. When this threat failed, Innocent excommunicated the king in November 1209. Although theoretically a significant blow to John's legitimacy, this did not appear to greatly worry the king. Two of John's close allies, Emperor Otto IV and Count Raymond VI of Toulouse, had already suffered the same punishment themselves, and the significance of excommunication had been somewhat devalued. John simply tightened his existing measures and accrued significant sums from the income of vacant sees and abbeys: one 1213 estimate, for example, suggested the church had lost an estimated 100,000 marks (equivalent to £66,666 at the time) to John. Official figures suggest that around 14% of annual income from the English church was being appropriated by John each year.

title: John,_King_of_England

title: John,_King_of_England

text: John

text: treated

text: the

text: interdict

text: as

text: the

text: equivalent

text: of

text: a

text: papal

text: declaration

text: of

text: war

text: He

text: responded

text: by

text: attempting

text: to

text: punish

text: Innocent

text: personally

text: and

text: to

text: drive

text: a

text: wedge

text: between

text: those

text: English

text: clergy

text: that

text: might

text: support

text: him

text: and

text: those

text: allying

text: themselves

text: firmly

text: with

text: the

text: authorities

text: in

text: Rome

text: John

text: seized

text: the

text: lands

text: of

text: those

text: clergy

text: unwilling

text: to

text: conduct

text: services

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: those

text: estates

text: linked

text: to

text: Innocent

text: himself

text: he

text: arrested

text: the

text: illicit

text: concubines

text: that

text: many

text: clerics

text: kept

text: during

text: the

text: period

text: only

text: releasing

text: them

text: after

text: the

text: payment

text: of

text: fines

text: he

text: seized

text: the

text: lands

text: of

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: church

text: who

text: had

text: fled

text: England

text: and

text: he

text: promised

text: protection

text: for

text: those

text: clergy

text: willing

text: to

text: remain

text: loyal

text: to

text: him

text: In

text: many

text: cases

text: individual

text: institutions

text: were

text: able

text: to

text: negotiate

text: terms

text: for

text: managing

text: their

text: own

text: properties

text: and

text: keeping

text: the

text: produce

text: of

text: their

text: estates

text: By

text: the

text: situation

text: showed

text: no

text: signs

text: of

text: resolution

text: and

text: Innocent

text: threatened

text: to

text: excommunicate

text: John

text: if

text: he

text: did

text: not

text: acquiesce

text: to

text: Langton

text: 's

text: appointment

text: When

text: this

text: threat

text: failed

text: Innocent

text: excommunicated

text: the

text: king

text: in

text: November

text: Although

text: theoretically

text: a

text: significant

text: blow

text: to

text: John

text: 's

text: legitimacy

text: this

text: did

text: not

text: appear

text: to

text: greatly

text: worry

text: the

text: king

text: Two

text: of

text: John

text: 's

text: close

text: allies

text: Emperor

text: Otto

text: IV

text: and

text: Count

text: Raymond

text: VI

text: of

text: Toulouse

text: had

text: already

text: suffered

text: the

text: same

text: punishment

text: themselves

text: and

text: the

text: significance

text: of

text: excommunication

text: had

text: been

text: somewhat

text: devalued

text: John

text: simply

text: tightened

text: his

text: existing

text: measures

text: and

text: accrued

text: significant

text: sums

text: from

text: the

text: income

text: of

text: vacant

text: sees

text: and

text: abbeys

text: one

text: estimate

text: for

text: example

text: suggested

text: the

text: church

text: had

text: lost

text: an

text: estimated

text: marks

text: equivalent

text: to

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: to

text: John

text: Official

text: figures

text: suggest

text: that

text: around

text: of

text: annual

text: income

text: from

text: the

text: English

text: church

text: was

text: being

text: appropriated

text: by

text: John

text: each

text: year

question: John treated the interdict as what?

answer: the equivalent of a papal declaration of war

text: the equivalent of a papal declaration of war

question: John seized the lands of who?

answer: those clergy unwilling to conduct services

text: those clergy unwilling to conduct services

question: When did Innocent excommunicate the king?

answer: November 1209

text: November 1209

question: How many marks did the church lose?

answer: 100,000


text: Cossacks, although Slavic-speaking and Orthodox Christians, came from a mix of ethnic backgrounds, including Tatars and other Turks. Many early members of the Terek Cossacks were Ossetians.

title: Slavs

title: Slavs

text: Cossacks

text: although

text: Slavic

text: speaking

text: and

text: Orthodox

text: Christians

text: came

text: from

text: a

text: mix

text: of

text: ethnic

text: backgrounds

text: including

text: Tatars

text: and

text: other

text: Turks

text: Many

text: early

text: members

text: of

text: the

text: Terek

text: Cossacks

text: were

text: Ossetians

question: Cossacks came from what backgrounds?

answer: Tatars and other Turks

text: Tatars and other Turks

question: Many early members of the Terek Cossacks were what?

answer: Ossetians

text: Ossetians

question: What religious affiliation did the Cossacks have?

answer: Orthodox Christians

text: Orthodox Christians

question: What primary religion do Turks follow?

text: Orthodox Christians

question: What were many early Tatars?

text: Ossetians

question: What did the Ossetians speak?

text: Slavic

question: What ethnic backgrounds came from Cossacks?

text: Tatars and other Turks


text: Public expenditure health was at 8.9% of the GDP in 2004, whereas private expenditure was at 1.3%. As of 2012, the HIV/AIDS prevalence was at 2.8% among 15- to 49-year-olds. Health expenditure was at US$30 per capita in 2004. A large proportion of the population is undernourished, with malnutrition being a problem in Congo-Brazzaville. There were 20 physicians per 100,000 persons in the early 2000s (decade).

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

text: Public

text: expenditure

text: health

text: was

text: at

text: of

text: the

text: GDP

text: in

text: whereas

text: private

text: expenditure

text: was

text: at

text: As

text: of

text: the

text: HIV

text: AIDS

text: prevalence

text: was

text: at

text: among

text: to

text: olds

text: Health

text: expenditure

text: was

text: at

text: US$

text: per

text: capita

text: in

text: A

text: large

text: proportion

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: is

text: undernourished

text: with

text: malnutrition

text: being

text: a

text: problem

text: in

text: Congo

text: Brazzaville

text: There

text: were

text: physicians

text: per

text: persons

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: decade

question: How much of the gross domestic product was spent on public health in 2004?

answer: 8.9%

question: What was the overall incidence of HIV or AIDS throughout the 15 to 49 year old population?

answer: 2.8%

question: How much was spent per capita on health in 2004 as measured in US dollars?

answer: $30

question: For every 100,000 people, how many phyisicians were there in the Congo in the early '00s?

answer: 20

question: What percentage of the GDP was public expenditure health after 2004?

question: What was the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in people over 49?

question: How much was spent on health per capita after 2004?

question: What is happening to only a small portion of the population?

text: malnutrition

question: How many physicians per 100,000 people were there in the late 2000s?