text: During his life and especially in the first year after his death, several places were named after Tito. Several of these places have since returned to their original names, such as Podgorica, formerly Titograd (though Podgorica's international airport is still identified by the code TGD), and Užice, formerly Titovo Užice, which reverted to its original name in 1992. Streets in Belgrade, the capital, have all reverted to their original pre–World War II and pre-communist names as well. In 2004, Antun Augustinčić's statue of Broz in his birthplace of Kumrovec was decapitated in an explosion. It was subsequently repaired. Twice in 2008, protests took place in Zagreb's Marshal Tito Square, organized by a group called Circle for the Square (Krug za Trg), with an aim to force the city government to rename it to its previous name, while a counter-protest by Citizens' Initiative Against Ustašism (Građanska inicijativa protiv ustaštva) accused the "Circle for the Square" of historical revisionism and neo-fascism. Croatian president Stjepan Mesić criticized the demonstration to change the name. In the Croatian coastal city of Opatija the main street (also its longest street) still bears the name of Marshal Tito, as do streets in numerous towns in Serbia, mostly in the country's north. One of the main streets in downtown Sarajevo is called Marshal Tito Street, and Tito's statue in a park in front of the university campus (ex. JNA barrack "Maršal Tito") in Marijin Dvor is a place where Bosnians and Sarajevans still today commemorate and pay tribute to Tito (image on the right). The largest Tito monument in the world, about 10 m (33 ft) high, is located at Tito Square (Slovene: Titov trg), the central square in Velenje, Slovenia. One of the main bridges in Slovenia's second largest city of Maribor is Tito Bridge (Titov most). The central square in Koper, the largest Slovenian port city, is as well named Tito Square.

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: During

text: his

text: life

text: and

text: especially

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: year

text: after

text: his

text: death

text: several

text: places

text: were

text: named

text: after

text: Tito

text: Several

text: of

text: these

text: places

text: have

text: since

text: returned

text: to

text: their

text: original

text: names

text: such

text: as

text: Podgorica

text: formerly

text: Titograd

text: though

text: Podgorica

text: 's

text: international

text: airport

text: is

text: still

text: identified

text: by

text: the

text: code

text: TGD

text: and

text: Užice

text: formerly

text: Titovo

text: Užice

text: which

text: reverted

text: to

text: its

text: original

text: name

text: in

text: Streets

text: in

text: Belgrade

text: the

text: capital

text: have

text: all

text: reverted

text: to

text: their

text: original

text: pre

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: and

text: pre

text: communist

text: names

text: as

text: well

text: In

text: Antun

text: Augustinčić

text: 's

text: statue

text: of

text: Broz

text: in

text: his

text: birthplace

text: of

text: Kumrovec

text: was

text: decapitated

text: in

text: an

text: explosion

text: It

text: was

text: subsequently

text: repaired

text: Twice

text: in

text: protests

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: Zagreb

text: 's

text: Marshal

text: Tito

text: Square

text: organized

text: by

text: a

text: group

text: called

text: Circle

text: for

text: the

text: Square

text: Krug

text: za

text: Trg

text: with

text: an

text: aim

text: to

text: force

text: the

text: city

text: government

text: to

text: rename

text: it

text: to

text: its

text: previous

text: name

text: while

text: a

text: counter

text: protest

text: by

text: Citizens

text: Initiative

text: Against

text: Ustašism

text: Građanska

text: inicijativa

text: protiv

text: ustaštva

text: accused

text: the

text: Circle

text: for

text: the

text: Square

text: of

text: historical

text: revisionism

text: and

text: neo

text: fascism

text: Croatian

text: president

text: Stjepan

text: Mesić

text: criticized

text: the

text: demonstration

text: to

text: change

text: the

text: name

text: In

text: the

text: Croatian

text: coastal

text: city

text: of

text: Opatija

text: the

text: main

text: street

text: also

text: its

text: longest

text: street

text: still

text: bears

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: Marshal

text: Tito

text: as

text: do

text: streets

text: in

text: numerous

text: towns

text: in

text: Serbia

text: mostly

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: north

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: streets

text: in

text: downtown

text: Sarajevo

text: is

text: called

text: Marshal

text: Tito

text: Street

text: and

text: Tito

text: 's

text: statue

text: in

text: a

text: park

text: in

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: university

text: campus

text: ex

text: JNA

text: barrack

text: Maršal

text: Tito

text: in

text: Marijin

text: Dvor

text: is

text: a

text: place

text: where

text: Bosnians

text: and

text: Sarajevans

text: still

text: today

text: commemorate

text: and

text: pay

text: tribute

text: to

text: Tito

text: image

text: on

text: the

text: right

text: The

text: largest

text: Tito

text: monument

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: about

text: m

text: ft

text: high

text: is

text: located

text: at

text: Tito

text: Square

text: Slovene

text: Titov

text: trg

text: the

text: central

text: square

text: in

text: Velenje

text: Slovenia

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: bridges

text: in

text: Slovenia

text: 's

text: second

text: largest

text: city

text: of

text: Maribor

text: is

text: Tito

text: Bridge

text: Titov

text: most

text: The

text: central

text: square

text: in

text: Koper

text: the

text: largest

text: Slovenian

text: port

text: city

text: is

text: as

text: well

text: named

text: Tito

text: Square

question: What name was changed to Titograd?

answer: Podgorica

text: Podgorica

question: When did Uziece revert to its original name?

answer: 1992

question: Where is the birthplace of Antun Augustincic?

answer: Kumrovec

text: Kumrovec

question: What country is Stejpan Mesic president of?

answer: Croatian

text: Croatian

question: Where is the largest Tito monument located?

answer: Slovenia

text: Slovenia


text: An important element in Estonia's post-independence reorientation has been closer ties with the Nordic countries, especially Finland and Sweden. Indeed, Estonians consider themselves a Nordic people rather than Balts, based on their historical ties with Sweden, Denmark and particularly Finland. In December 1999, then Estonian foreign minister (and since 2006, president of Estonia) Toomas Hendrik Ilves delivered a speech entitled "Estonia as a Nordic Country" to the Swedish Institute for International Affairs. In 2003, the foreign ministry also hosted an exhibit called "Estonia: Nordic with a Twist".

title: Estonia

title: Estonia

text: An

text: important

text: element

text: in

text: Estonia

text: 's

text: post

text: independence

text: reorientation

text: has

text: been

text: closer

text: ties

text: with

text: the

text: Nordic

text: countries

text: especially

text: Finland

text: and

text: Sweden

text: Indeed

text: Estonians

text: consider

text: themselves

text: a

text: Nordic

text: people

text: rather

text: than

text: Balts

text: based

text: on

text: their

text: historical

text: ties

text: with

text: Sweden

text: Denmark

text: and

text: particularly

text: Finland

text: In

text: December

text: then

text: Estonian

text: foreign

text: minister

text: and

text: since

text: president

text: of

text: Estonia

text: Toomas

text: Hendrik

text: Ilves

text: delivered

text: a

text: speech

text: entitled

text: Estonia

text: as

text: a

text: Nordic

text: Country

text: to

text: the

text: Swedish

text: Institute

text: for

text: International

text: Affairs

text: In

text: the

text: foreign

text: ministry

text: also

text: hosted

text: an

text: exhibit

text: called

text: Estonia

text: Nordic

text: with

text: a

text: Twist

question: What has been a major factor in the restoration of Estonia after winning their independence?

answer: closer ties with the Nordic countries

text: closer ties with the Nordic countries

question: When did Toomas Hendrik Ilves deliver his speech?

answer: December 1999

text: December 1999

question: Who expressed a speech called "Estonia as a Nordic Country"?

answer: Toomas Hendrik Ilves

text: Toomas Hendrik Ilves

question: What year did the foreign ministry hold an exhibit exploring the Nordic ties of Estonia?

answer: 2003


text: Flower evolution continues to the present day; modern flowers have been so profoundly influenced by humans that some of them cannot be pollinated in nature. Many modern domesticated flower species were formerly simple weeds, which sprouted only when the ground was disturbed. Some of them tended to grow with human crops, perhaps already having symbiotic companion plant relationships with them, and the prettiest did not get plucked because of their beauty, developing a dependence upon and special adaptation to human affection.

title: Flowering_plant

title: Flowering_plant

text: Flower

text: evolution

text: continues

text: to

text: the

text: present

text: day

text: modern

text: flowers

text: have

text: been

text: so

text: profoundly

text: influenced

text: by

text: humans

text: that

text: some

text: of

text: them

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: pollinated

text: in

text: nature

text: Many

text: modern

text: domesticated

text: flower

text: species

text: were

text: formerly

text: simple

text: weeds

text: which

text: sprouted

text: only

text: when

text: the

text: ground

text: was

text: disturbed

text: Some

text: of

text: them

text: tended

text: to

text: grow

text: with

text: human

text: crops

text: perhaps

text: already

text: having

text: symbiotic

text: companion

text: plant

text: relationships

text: with

text: them

text: and

text: the

text: prettiest

text: did

text: not

text: get

text: plucked

text: because

text: of

text: their

text: beauty

text: developing

text: a

text: dependence

text: upon

text: and

text: special

text: adaptation

text: to

text: human

text: affection

question: How long has flower evolution occurred?

answer: present day

text: present day

question: Humans have effected some flowers so much they can no longer do what in nature?

answer: pollinated

text: pollinated

question: What heritage do many modern domesticated flower species have?

answer: formerly simple weeds

text: formerly simple weeds

question: Why did weeds grow with human crops?

answer: symbiotic companion plant relationships

text: symbiotic companion plant relationships

question: What feature helped flowers not get plucked?

answer: prettiest

text: prettiest

question: What has happened to weeds due to human influence?

text: cannot be pollinated in nature

question: How long has weed evolution occurred?

text: to the present day

question: What was the origin of many simple weeds?

text: domesticated flower species

question: What have weeds developed a dependence on?

text: human affection

question: What characteristic caused crops not to be harvested?

text: their beauty


text: A mummified man, determined to be 5,000 years old, was discovered on a glacier at the Austrian–Italian border in 1991. By the 6th century BC, the Celtic La Tène culture was well established. Hannibal famously crossed the Alps with a herd of elephants, and the Romans had settlements in the region. In 1800 Napoleon crossed one of the mountain passes with an army of 40,000. The 18th and 19th centuries saw an influx of naturalists, writers, and artists, in particular the Romantics, followed by the golden age of alpinism as mountaineers began to ascend the peaks. In World War II, Adolf Hitler kept a base of operation in the Bavarian Alps throughout the war.

title: Alps

title: Alps

text: A

text: mummified

text: man

text: determined

text: to

text: be

text: years

text: old

text: was

text: discovered

text: on

text: a

text: glacier

text: at

text: the

text: Austrian

text: Italian

text: border

text: in

text: By

text: the

text: century

text: BC

text: the

text: Celtic

text: La

text: Tène

text: culture

text: was

text: well

text: established

text: Hannibal

text: famously

text: crossed

text: the

text: Alps

text: with

text: a

text: herd

text: of

text: elephants

text: and

text: the

text: Romans

text: had

text: settlements

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: In

text: Napoleon

text: crossed

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: mountain

text: passes

text: with

text: an

text: army

text: of

text: The

text: and

text: centuries

text: saw

text: an

text: influx

text: of

text: naturalists

text: writers

text: and

text: artists

text: in

text: particular

text: the

text: Romantics

text: followed

text: by

text: the

text: golden

text: age

text: of

text: alpinism

text: as

text: mountaineers

text: began

text: to

text: ascend

text: the

text: peaks

text: In

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: Adolf

text: Hitler

text: kept

text: a

text: base

text: of

text: operation

text: in

text: the

text: Bavarian

text: Alps

text: throughout

text: the

text: war

question: How old was the mummified man discovered at the Austrian-Italian bored?

answer: 5,000 years old

text: 5,000 years old

question: What culture was well established by the 6th Century BC?

answer: the Celtic La Tène culture

text: the Celtic La Tène culture

question: Who famously crossed the Alps with a herd of elephants?

answer: Hannibal

text: Hannibal

question: What person took an army of 40,000 across the mountain passes?

answer: Napoleon

text: Napoleon

question: Where was Adolf Hitlers base of operation during World War 2?

answer: Bavarian Alps

text: Bavarian Alps


text: More commonly, in cases where there are three or more parties, no one party is likely to gain power alone, and parties work with each other to form coalition governments. This has been an emerging trend in the politics of the Republic of Ireland since the 1980s and is almost always the case in Germany on national and state level, and in most constituencies at the communal level. Furthermore, since the forming of the Republic of Iceland there has never been a government not led by a coalition (usually of the Independence Party and one other (often the Social Democratic Alliance). A similar situation exists in the Republic of Ireland; since 1989, no one party has held power on its own. Since then, numerous coalition governments have been formed. These coalitions have been exclusively led by one of either Fianna Fáil or Fine Gael. Political change is often easier with a coalition government than in one-party or two-party dominant systems.[dubious – discuss] If factions in a two-party system are in fundamental disagreement on policy goals, or even principles, they can be slow to make policy changes, which appears to be the case now in the U.S. with power split between Democrats and Republicans. Still coalition governments struggle, sometimes for years, to change policy and often fail altogether, post World War II France and Italy being prime examples. When one party in a two-party system controls all elective branches, however, policy changes can be both swift and significant. Democrats Woodrow Wilson, Franklin Roosevelt and Lyndon Johnson were beneficiaries of such fortuitous circumstances, as were Republicans as far removed in time as Abraham Lincoln and Ronald Reagan. Barack Obama briefly had such an advantage between 2009 and 2011.

title: Political_party

title: Political_party

text: More

text: commonly

text: in

text: cases

text: where

text: there

text: are

text: three

text: or

text: more

text: parties

text: no

text: one

text: party

text: is

text: likely

text: to

text: gain

text: power

text: alone

text: and

text: parties

text: work

text: with

text: each

text: other

text: to

text: form

text: coalition

text: governments

text: This

text: has

text: been

text: an

text: emerging

text: trend

text: in

text: the

text: politics

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: since

text: the

text: and

text: is

text: almost

text: always

text: the

text: case

text: in

text: Germany

text: on

text: national

text: and

text: state

text: level

text: and

text: in

text: most

text: constituencies

text: at

text: the

text: communal

text: level

text: Furthermore

text: since

text: the

text: forming

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Iceland

text: there

text: has

text: never

text: been

text: a

text: government

text: not

text: led

text: by

text: a

text: coalition

text: usually

text: of

text: the

text: Independence

text: Party

text: and

text: one

text: other

text: often

text: the

text: Social

text: Democratic

text: Alliance

text: A

text: similar

text: situation

text: exists

text: in

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: Ireland

text: since

text: no

text: one

text: party

text: has

text: held

text: power

text: on

text: its

text: own

text: Since

text: then

text: numerous

text: coalition

text: governments

text: have

text: been

text: formed

text: These

text: coalitions

text: have

text: been

text: exclusively

text: led

text: by

text: one

text: of

text: either

text: Fianna

text: Fáil

text: or

text: Fine

text: Gael

text: Political

text: change

text: is

text: often

text: easier

text: with

text: a

text: coalition

text: government

text: than

text: in

text: one

text: party

text: or

text: two

text: party

text: dominant

text: systems.[dubious

text: discuss

text: If

text: factions

text: in

text: a

text: two

text: party

text: system

text: are

text: in

text: fundamental

text: disagreement

text: on

text: policy

text: goals

text: or

text: even

text: principles

text: they

text: can

text: be

text: slow

text: to

text: make

text: policy

text: changes

text: which

text: appears

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: case

text: now

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.

text: with

text: power

text: split

text: between

text: Democrats

text: and

text: Republicans

text: Still

text: coalition

text: governments

text: struggle

text: sometimes

text: for

text: years

text: to

text: change

text: policy

text: and

text: often

text: fail

text: altogether

text: post

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: France

text: and

text: Italy

text: being

text: prime

text: examples

text: When

text: one

text: party

text: in

text: a

text: two

text: party

text: system

text: controls

text: all

text: elective

text: branches

text: however

text: policy

text: changes

text: can

text: be

text: both

text: swift

text: and

text: significant

text: Democrats

text: Woodrow

text: Wilson

text: Franklin

text: Roosevelt

text: and

text: Lyndon

text: Johnson

text: were

text: beneficiaries

text: of

text: such

text: fortuitous

text: circumstances

text: as

text: were

text: Republicans

text: as

text: far

text: removed

text: in

text: time

text: as

text: Abraham

text: Lincoln

text: and

text: Ronald

text: Reagan

text: Barack

text: Obama

text: briefly

text: had

text: such

text: an

text: advantage

text: between

text: and

question: In which case are parties not likely to gain power on their own?

answer: in cases where there are three or more parties

text: in cases where there are three or more parties

question: Is Ireland ever not led by a coalition Government?

answer: since the forming of the Republic of Iceland there has never been a government not led by a coalition

text: since the forming of the Republic of Iceland there has never been a government not led by a coalition

question: Since what date has Ireland not been led by a single power?

answer: 1989

question: When is political change easier?

answer: Political change is often easier with a coalition government

text: Political change is often easier with a coalition government

question: What are prime examples coalition governments that struggle to change policy?

answer: post World War II France and Italy

text: post World War II France and Italy

question: What do parties work to form when one party gains power?

text: coalition governments

question: How long as the Republic of Ireland had a dominant party?

text: since the 1980s

question: What country usually has a dominant party at the national and state level?

text: Germany

question: What country has always had a dominant party in power since it was formed?

text: the Republic of Iceland

question: What two countries have usually been able to make swift policy changes since WW II?

text: France and Italy


text: Other cities with a concentration of secular Gothic include Bruges and Siena. Most surviving small secular buildings are relatively plain and straightforward; most windows are flat-topped with mullions, with pointed arches and vaulted ceilings often only found at a few focal points. The country-houses of the nobility were slow to abandon the appearance of being a castle, even in parts of Europe, like England, where defence had ceased to be a real concern. The living and working parts of many monastic buildings survive, for example at Mont Saint-Michel.

title: Gothic_architecture

title: Gothic_architecture

text: Other

text: cities

text: with

text: a

text: concentration

text: of

text: secular

text: Gothic

text: include

text: Bruges

text: and

text: Siena

text: Most

text: surviving

text: small

text: secular

text: buildings

text: are

text: relatively

text: plain

text: and

text: straightforward

text: most

text: windows

text: are

text: flat

text: topped

text: with

text: mullions

text: with

text: pointed

text: arches

text: and

text: vaulted

text: ceilings

text: often

text: only

text: found

text: at

text: a

text: few

text: focal

text: points

text: The

text: country

text: houses

text: of

text: the

text: nobility

text: were

text: slow

text: to

text: abandon

text: the

text: appearance

text: of

text: being

text: a

text: castle

text: even

text: in

text: parts

text: of

text: Europe

text: like

text: England

text: where

text: defence

text: had

text: ceased

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: real

text: concern

text: The

text: living

text: and

text: working

text: parts

text: of

text: many

text: monastic

text: buildings

text: survive

text: for

text: example

text: at

text: Mont

text: Saint

text: Michel

question: What is one city with an accumulation of secular Gothic structures?

answer: Bruges

text: Bruges

question: What is another city with an accumulation of secular Gothic structures?

answer: Siena

text: Siena

question: What style are most windows on secular Gothic structures?

answer: flat-topped with mullions

text: flat-topped with mullions

question: Where are pointed arches and vaulted ceilings found on most secular Gothic structures?

answer: a few focal points

text: a few focal points

question: What is the name of the surviving monastic building in England?

answer: Mont Saint-Michel

text: Mont Saint-Michel

question: What is the only city with an accumulation of secular Gothic structures?

text: Bruges

question: What style are all windows on secular Gothic structures?

text: flat-topped with mullions

question: Where are pointed arches and vaulted ceilings concealed on most secular Gothic structures?

text: a few focal points

question: What is the name of the surviving monastic building in Egypt?

text: Mont Saint-Michel


text: The U.S. Army black beret (having been permanently replaced with the patrol cap) is no longer worn with the new ACU for garrison duty. After years of complaints that it wasn't suited well for most work conditions, Army Chief of Staff General Martin Dempsey eliminated it for wear with the ACU in June 2011. Soldiers still wear berets who are currently in a unit in jump status, whether the wearer is parachute-qualified, or not (maroon beret), Members of the 75th Ranger Regiment and the Airborne and Ranger Training Brigade (tan beret), and Special Forces (rifle green beret) and may wear it with the Army Service Uniform for non-ceremonial functions. Unit commanders may still direct the wear of patrol caps in these units in training environments or motor pools.

title: United_States_Army

title: United_States_Army

text: The

text: U.S.

text: Army

text: black

text: beret

text: having

text: been

text: permanently

text: replaced

text: with

text: the

text: patrol

text: cap

text: is

text: no

text: longer

text: worn

text: with

text: the

text: new

text: ACU

text: for

text: garrison

text: duty

text: After

text: years

text: of

text: complaints

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: n't

text: suited

text: well

text: for

text: most

text: work

text: conditions

text: Army

text: Chief

text: of

text: Staff

text: General

text: Martin

text: Dempsey

text: eliminated

text: it

text: for

text: wear

text: with

text: the

text: ACU

text: in

text: June

text: Soldiers

text: still

text: wear

text: berets

text: who

text: are

text: currently

text: in

text: a

text: unit

text: in

text: jump

text: status

text: whether

text: the

text: wearer

text: is

text: parachute

text: qualified

text: or

text: not

text: maroon

text: beret

text: Members

text: of

text: the

text: Ranger

text: Regiment

text: and

text: the

text: Airborne

text: and

text: Ranger

text: Training

text: Brigade

text: tan

text: beret

text: and

text: Special

text: Forces

text: rifle

text: green

text: beret

text: and

text: may

text: wear

text: it

text: with

text: the

text: Army

text: Service

text: Uniform

text: for

text: non

text: ceremonial

text: functions

text: Unit

text: commanders

text: may

text: still

text: direct

text: the

text: wear

text: of

text: patrol

text: caps

text: in

text: these

text: units

text: in

text: training

text: environments

text: or

text: motor

text: pools

question: What piece of the uniform has been replaced by the patrol cap?

answer: black beret

text: black beret

question: Who was the Army Chief of Staff at this time?

answer: General Martin Dempsey

text: General Martin Dempsey

question: What month and year was the black beret replaced?

answer: June 2011

text: June 2011

question: If a soldier is in a unit in jump status, what color beret do they wear?

answer: maroon

text: maroon

question: The rifle green beret is worn by whom?

answer: Special Forces

text: Special Forces

question: What piece of uniform has been replaced by the patrol top?

text: black beret

question: Who is the Navy Chief of Staff at this time?

text: General Martin Dempsey

question: What month and year was the black shirt replaced?

text: June 2011

question: What color beret does a soldier in a unit with permanent status wear?

text: maroon

question: What color beret does the member of the 76th Ranger Regiment wear?

text: rifle green


text: The Space Race can trace its origins to Germany, beginning in the 1930s and continuing during World War II when Nazi Germany researched and built operational ballistic missiles. Starting in the early 1930s, during the last stages of the Weimar Republic, German aerospace engineers experimented with liquid-fueled rockets, with the goal that one day they would be capable of reaching high altitudes and traversing long distances. The head of the German Army's Ballistics and Munitions Branch, Lieutenant Colonel Karl Emil Becker, gathered a small team of engineers that included Walter Dornberger and Leo Zanssen, to figure out how to use rockets as long-range artillery in order to get around the Treaty of Versailles' ban on research and development of long-range cannons. Wernher von Braun, a young engineering prodigy, was recruited by Becker and Dornberger to join their secret army program at Kummersdorf-West in 1932. Von Braun had dreams about conquering outer space with rockets, and did not initially see the military value in missile technology.

title: Space_Race

title: Space_Race

text: The

text: Space

text: Race

text: can

text: trace

text: its

text: origins

text: to

text: Germany

text: beginning

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: continuing

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: when

text: Nazi

text: Germany

text: researched

text: and

text: built

text: operational

text: ballistic

text: missiles

text: Starting

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: during

text: the

text: last

text: stages

text: of

text: the

text: Weimar

text: Republic

text: German

text: aerospace

text: engineers

text: experimented

text: with

text: liquid

text: fueled

text: rockets

text: with

text: the

text: goal

text: that

text: one

text: day

text: they

text: would

text: be

text: capable

text: of

text: reaching

text: high

text: altitudes

text: and

text: traversing

text: long

text: distances

text: The

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: German

text: Army

text: 's

text: Ballistics

text: and

text: Munitions

text: Branch

text: Lieutenant

text: Colonel

text: Karl

text: Emil

text: Becker

text: gathered

text: a

text: small

text: team

text: of

text: engineers

text: that

text: included

text: Walter

text: Dornberger

text: and

text: Leo

text: Zanssen

text: to

text: figure

text: out

text: how

text: to

text: use

text: rockets

text: as

text: long

text: range

text: artillery

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: get

text: around

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Versailles

text: ban

text: on

text: research

text: and

text: development

text: of

text: long

text: range

text: cannons

text: Wernher

text: von

text: Braun

text: a

text: young

text: engineering

text: prodigy

text: was

text: recruited

text: by

text: Becker

text: and

text: Dornberger

text: to

text: join

text: their

text: secret

text: army

text: program

text: at

text: Kummersdorf

text: West

text: in

text: Von

text: Braun

text: had

text: dreams

text: about

text: conquering

text: outer

text: space

text: with

text: rockets

text: and

text: did

text: not

text: initially

text: see

text: the

text: military

text: value

text: in

text: missile

text: technology

question: Which war in history did the Space Race begin to take root?

answer: World War II

text: World War II

question: A secretive army installation began in Kummersdorf-West in what year?

answer: 1932


text: The center of traditional Uruguayan food and beverage in Montevideo is the Mercado del Puerto ("Port Market"). A torta frita is a pan-fried cake consumed in Montevideo and throughout Uruguay. It is generally circular, with a small cut in the centre for cooking, and is made from wheat flour, yeast, water and sugar or salt. Beef is very important in Uruguayan cuisine and an essential part of many dishes. Montevideo has a variety of restaurants, from traditional Uruguayan cuisine to Japanese cuisine such as sushi. Notable restaurants in Montevideo include Arcadia atop the Plaza Victoria, widely regarded to be the finest restaurant in the city. Arcadia is set in a classic Italian-inspired dining room and serves lavish dishes such as terrine of pheasant marinated in cognac, grilled lamb glazed with mint and garlic, and duck confit on thin strudel pastry with red cabbage. El Fogon is more popular with the late-night diners of the city. Its interior is brightly lit and the walls covered with big mirrors. Officially a barbecue and seafood restaurant, it serves grilled meat dishes, as well as salmon, shrimp and calamari. Also of note is the Cru. Numerous restaurants are located along the Rambla of Montevideo. There is an Irish pub in the eastern part of the Old District named Shannon Irish pub, another testament to the European heritage of the city.

title: Montevideo

title: Montevideo

text: The

text: center

text: of

text: traditional

text: Uruguayan

text: food

text: and

text: beverage

text: in

text: Montevideo

text: is

text: the

text: Mercado

text: del

text: Puerto

text: Port

text: Market

text: A

text: torta

text: frita

text: is

text: a

text: pan

text: fried

text: cake

text: consumed

text: in

text: Montevideo

text: and

text: throughout

text: Uruguay

text: It

text: is

text: generally

text: circular

text: with

text: a

text: small

text: cut

text: in

text: the

text: centre

text: for

text: cooking

text: and

text: is

text: made

text: from

text: wheat

text: flour

text: yeast

text: water

text: and

text: sugar

text: or

text: salt

text: Beef

text: is

text: very

text: important

text: in

text: Uruguayan

text: cuisine

text: and

text: an

text: essential

text: part

text: of

text: many

text: dishes

text: Montevideo

text: has

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: restaurants

text: from

text: traditional

text: Uruguayan

text: cuisine

text: to

text: Japanese

text: cuisine

text: such

text: as

text: sushi

text: Notable

text: restaurants

text: in

text: Montevideo

text: include

text: Arcadia

text: atop

text: the

text: Plaza

text: Victoria

text: widely

text: regarded

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: finest

text: restaurant

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: Arcadia

text: is

text: set

text: in

text: a

text: classic

text: Italian

text: inspired

text: dining

text: room

text: and

text: serves

text: lavish

text: dishes

text: such

text: as

text: terrine

text: of

text: pheasant

text: marinated

text: in

text: cognac

text: grilled

text: lamb

text: glazed

text: with

text: mint

text: and

text: garlic

text: and

text: duck

text: confit

text: on

text: thin

text: strudel

text: pastry

text: with

text: red

text: cabbage

text: El

text: Fogon

text: is

text: more

text: popular

text: with

text: the

text: late

text: night

text: diners

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: Its

text: interior

text: is

text: brightly

text: lit

text: and

text: the

text: walls

text: covered

text: with

text: big

text: mirrors

text: Officially

text: a

text: barbecue

text: and

text: seafood

text: restaurant

text: it

text: serves

text: grilled

text: meat

text: dishes

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: salmon

text: shrimp

text: and

text: calamari

text: Also

text: of

text: note

text: is

text: the

text: Cru

text: Numerous

text: restaurants

text: are

text: located

text: along

text: the

text: Rambla

text: of

text: Montevideo

text: There

text: is

text: an

text: Irish

text: pub

text: in

text: the

text: eastern

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Old

text: District

text: named

text: Shannon

text: Irish

text: pub

text: another

text: testament

text: to

text: the

text: European

text: heritage

text: of

text: the

text: city

question: What is the center of traditional Uruguayan food and beverage in Montevideo?

answer: the Mercado del Puerto

text: the Mercado del Puerto

question: What is a torta frita?

answer: a pan-fried cake

text: a pan-fried cake

question: Where is Arcadia located?

answer: atop the Plaza Victoria

text: atop the Plaza Victoria

question: Where is Shannon Irish pub located?

answer: the eastern part of the Old District

text: the eastern part of the Old District


text: In 2008 renewable energy accounted for 8% of the country's total energy consumption, a rise from the 7.2% it accounted for in 2006, but still below the EU average of 10% in 2008. 10% of the country's renewable energy comes from solar power, while most comes from biomass and waste recycling. In line with the European Commission's Directive on Renewable Energy, Greece aims to get 18% of its energy from renewable sources by 2020. In 2013 and for several months, Greece produced more than 20% of its electricity from renewable energy sources and hydroelectric power plants. Greece currently does not have any nuclear power plants in operation, however in 2009 the Academy of Athens suggested that research in the possibility of Greek nuclear power plants begin.

title: Economy_of_Greece

title: Economy_of_Greece

text: In

text: renewable

text: energy

text: accounted

text: for

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: total

text: energy

text: consumption

text: a

text: rise

text: from

text: the

text: it

text: accounted

text: for

text: in

text: but

text: still

text: below

text: the

text: EU

text: average

text: of

text: in

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: renewable

text: energy

text: comes

text: from

text: solar

text: power

text: while

text: most

text: comes

text: from

text: biomass

text: and

text: waste

text: recycling

text: In

text: line

text: with

text: the

text: European

text: Commission

text: 's

text: Directive

text: on

text: Renewable

text: Energy

text: Greece

text: aims

text: to

text: get

text: of

text: its

text: energy

text: from

text: renewable

text: sources

text: by

text: In

text: and

text: for

text: several

text: months

text: Greece

text: produced

text: more

text: than

text: of

text: its

text: electricity

text: from

text: renewable

text: energy

text: sources

text: and

text: hydroelectric

text: power

text: plants

text: Greece

text: currently

text: does

text: not

text: have

text: any

text: nuclear

text: power

text: plants

text: in

text: operation

text: however

text: in

text: the

text: Academy

text: of

text: Athens

text: suggested

text: that

text: research

text: in

text: the

text: possibility

text: of

text: Greek

text: nuclear

text: power

text: plants

text: begin

question: How much of Greece's energy consumption came from renewable sources in 2008?

answer: 8%

question: What was EU average amount of energy from renewable sources in 2008?

answer: 10%

question: Where does most of Greece's renewable energy come from?

answer: biomass and waste recycling

text: biomass and waste recycling

question: How much of Greece's energy is targeted to be from renewable sources by 2020?

answer: 18%

question: Who suggested research into the possibility of a Greek nuclear power plant should begin?

answer: Academy of Athens

text: Academy of Athens

question: How much of Greece's energy consumption was eliminated from renewable sources in 2008?

question: What was EU's lowest amount of energy from renewable sources in 2008?

question: How is most of Greece's renewable energy ruined?

text: biomass and waste recycling

question: How much of Greece's energy is targeted to be reduced from renewable sources by 2020?

question: Who suggested research into the possibility of a Greek nuclear power plant should end?

text: Academy of Athens


text: The oldest attestation of human presence in Galicia has been found in the Eirós Cave, in the municipality of Triacastela, which has preserved animal remains and Neanderthal stone objects from the Middle Paleolithic. The earliest culture to have left significant architectural traces is the Megalithic culture which expanded along the western European coasts during the Neolithic and Calcolithic eras. Thousands of Megalithic tumuli are distributed throughout the country, but mostly along the coastal areas. Within each tumulus is a stone burial chamber known locally as anta (dolmen), frequently preceded by a corridor. Galicia was later fully affected by the Bell Beaker culture. While its rich mineral deposits - tin and gold - led to the development of Bronze Age metallurgy, and to the commerce of bronze and gold items all along the Atlantic façade of Western Europe, where a common elite's culture evolved during the Atlantic Bronze Age.

title: Galicia_(Spain)

title: Galicia_(Spain

text: The

text: oldest

text: attestation

text: of

text: human

text: presence

text: in

text: Galicia

text: has

text: been

text: found

text: in

text: the

text: Eirós

text: Cave

text: in

text: the

text: municipality

text: of

text: Triacastela

text: which

text: has

text: preserved

text: animal

text: remains

text: and

text: Neanderthal

text: stone

text: objects

text: from

text: the

text: Middle

text: Paleolithic

text: The

text: earliest

text: culture

text: to

text: have

text: left

text: significant

text: architectural

text: traces

text: is

text: the

text: Megalithic

text: culture

text: which

text: expanded

text: along

text: the

text: western

text: European

text: coasts

text: during

text: the

text: Neolithic

text: and

text: Calcolithic

text: eras

text: Thousands

text: of

text: Megalithic

text: tumuli

text: are

text: distributed

text: throughout

text: the

text: country

text: but

text: mostly

text: along

text: the

text: coastal

text: areas

text: Within

text: each

text: tumulus

text: is

text: a

text: stone

text: burial

text: chamber

text: known

text: locally

text: as

text: anta

text: dolmen

text: frequently

text: preceded

text: by

text: a

text: corridor

text: Galicia

text: was

text: later

text: fully

text: affected

text: by

text: the

text: Bell

text: Beaker

text: culture

text: While

text: its

text: rich

text: mineral

text: deposits

text: tin

text: and

text: gold

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: Bronze

text: Age

text: metallurgy

text: and

text: to

text: the

text: commerce

text: of

text: bronze

text: and

text: gold

text: items

text: all

text: along

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: façade

text: of

text: Western

text: Europe

text: where

text: a

text: common

text: elite

text: 's

text: culture

text: evolved

text: during

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Bronze

text: Age

question: Where in Galicia has the oldest evidence of humans been found?

answer: Eirós Cave

text: Eirós Cave

question: Which municipality is this in?

answer: Triacastela

text: Triacastela

question: What is the oldest culture whose structures have been found?

answer: Megalithic

text: Megalithic

question: Which two minerals found in abundance in Galicia were used during Bronze Age?

answer: tin and gold

text: tin and gold


text: There has been increasing controversy surrounding pharmaceutical marketing and influence. There have been accusations and findings of influence on doctors and other health professionals through drug reps, including the constant provision of marketing 'gifts' and biased information to health professionals; highly prevalent advertising in journals and conferences; funding independent healthcare organizations and health promotion campaigns; lobbying physicians and politicians (more than any other industry in the US); sponsorship of medical schools or nurse training; sponsorship of continuing educational events, with influence on the curriculum; and hiring physicians as paid consultants on medical advisory boards.

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

title: Pharmaceutical_industry

text: There

text: has

text: been

text: increasing

text: controversy

text: surrounding

text: pharmaceutical

text: marketing

text: and

text: influence

text: There

text: have

text: been

text: accusations

text: and

text: findings

text: of

text: influence

text: on

text: doctors

text: and

text: other

text: health

text: professionals

text: through

text: drug

text: reps

text: including

text: the

text: constant

text: provision

text: of

text: marketing

text: gifts

text: and

text: biased

text: information

text: to

text: health

text: professionals

text: highly

text: prevalent

text: advertising

text: in

text: journals

text: and

text: conferences

text: funding

text: independent

text: healthcare

text: organizations

text: and

text: health

text: promotion

text: campaigns

text: lobbying

text: physicians

text: and

text: politicians

text: more

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: industry

text: in

text: the

text: US

text: sponsorship

text: of

text: medical

text: schools

text: or

text: nurse

text: training

text: sponsorship

text: of

text: continuing

text: educational

text: events

text: with

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: curriculum

text: and

text: hiring

text: physicians

text: as

text: paid

text: consultants

text: on

text: medical

text: advisory

text: boards

question: Drug reps have been accused of giving what to health professionals?

answer: 'gifts' and biased information

text: 'gifts' and biased information

question: Drug marketers have hired who as paid consultants?

answer: physicians

text: physicians

question: What publications can drug ads be commonly found?

answer: journals and conferences

text: journals and conferences

question: What have drug reps been accused of giving to conferences?

text: 'gifts' and biased information

question: Conferences have hired who as paid consultants?

text: physicians

question: What publications can advisory boards be commonly found in?

text: journals and conferences

question: Who has been accused of influencing consultants?

text: drug reps

question: What has stopped controversy?

text: pharmaceutical marketing and influence


text: West of the Historic Center (Centro Histórico) along Paseo de la Reforma are many of the city's wealthiest neighborhoods such as Polanco, Lomas de Chapultepec, Bosques de las Lomas, Santa Fe, and (in the State of Mexico) Interlomas, which are also the city's most important areas of class A office space, corporate headquarters, skyscrapers and shopping malls. Nevertheless, areas of lower income colonias exist in some cases cheek-by-jowl with rich neighborhoods, particularly in the case of Santa Fe.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: West

text: of

text: the

text: Historic

text: Center

text: Centro

text: Histórico

text: along

text: Paseo

text: de

text: la

text: Reforma

text: are

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: wealthiest

text: neighborhoods

text: such

text: as

text: Polanco

text: Lomas

text: de

text: Chapultepec

text: Bosques

text: de

text: las

text: Lomas

text: Santa

text: Fe

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Mexico

text: Interlomas

text: which

text: are

text: also

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: most

text: important

text: areas

text: of

text: class

text: A

text: office

text: space

text: corporate

text: headquarters

text: skyscrapers

text: and

text: shopping

text: malls

text: Nevertheless

text: areas

text: of

text: lower

text: income

text: colonias

text: exist

text: in

text: some

text: cases

text: cheek

text: by

text: jowl

text: with

text: rich

text: neighborhoods

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: Santa

text: Fe

question: Where are many of the wealthy neighborhoods located?

answer: West of the Historic Center

text: West of the Historic Center

question: What is the Mexican name for the historic center?

answer: Centro Histórico

text: Centro Histórico

question: Which rich neighborhood has a strong problem of impoverished lands around it?

answer: Santa Fe

text: Santa Fe

question: Where are many of the corporate headquarters and other tall buildings located?

answer: along Paseo de la Reforma

text: along Paseo de la Reforma


text: Paul's Christology has a specific focus on the death and resurrection of Jesus. For Paul, the crucifixion of Jesus is directly related to his resurrection and the term "the cross of Christ" used in Galatians 6:12 may be viewed as his abbreviation of the message of the gospels. For Paul, the crucifixion of Jesus was not an isolated event in history, but a cosmic event with significant eschatological consequences, as in 1 Corinthians 2:8. In the Pauline view, Jesus, obedient to the point of death (Philippians 2:8) died "at the right time" (Romans 4:25) based on the plan of God. For Paul the "power of the cross" is not separable from the Resurrection of Jesus.

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

title: Crucifixion_of_Jesus

text: Paul

text: 's

text: Christology

text: has

text: a

text: specific

text: focus

text: on

text: the

text: death

text: and

text: resurrection

text: of

text: Jesus

text: For

text: Paul

text: the

text: crucifixion

text: of

text: Jesus

text: is

text: directly

text: related

text: to

text: his

text: resurrection

text: and

text: the

text: term

text: the

text: cross

text: of

text: Christ

text: used

text: in

text: Galatians

text: may

text: be

text: viewed

text: as

text: his

text: abbreviation

text: of

text: the

text: message

text: of

text: the

text: gospels

text: For

text: Paul

text: the

text: crucifixion

text: of

text: Jesus

text: was

text: not

text: an

text: isolated

text: event

text: in

text: history

text: but

text: a

text: cosmic

text: event

text: with

text: significant

text: eschatological

text: consequences

text: as

text: in

text: Corinthians

text: In

text: the

text: Pauline

text: view

text: Jesus

text: obedient

text: to

text: the

text: point

text: of

text: death

text: Philippians

text: died

text: at

text: the

text: right

text: time

text: Romans

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: plan

text: of

text: God

text: For

text: Paul

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: the

text: cross

text: is

text: not

text: separable

text: from

text: the

text: Resurrection

text: of

text: Jesus

question: Who's Christology focuses on the death and Resurrection?

answer: Paul's Christology

text: Paul's Christology

question: How is the crucifixion related to the resurrection per Paul?

answer: directly related

text: directly related

question: What term does Paul use for the Gospels?

answer: the cross of Christ

text: the cross of Christ

question: Paul claims the Resurrection was needed for what reason?

answer: based on the plan of God

text: based on the plan of God

question: How does Paul view the Resurrection of Jesus?

answer: power of the cross

text: power of the cross

question: At what time is it believed Paul wrote 1 Corinthians?

text: at the right time

question: By what plan did Paul write some of the Gospels?

text: the plan of God

question: When have cosmic events usually happened?

text: in history

question: What is the birth of Jesus thought to be in history?

text: an isolated event

question: Why is it believed that Paul was born?

text: the plan of God


text: The modern petroleum industry started in 1846 with the discovery of the process of refining kerosene from coal by Nova Scotian Abraham Pineo Gesner. Ignacy Łukasiewicz improved Gesner's method to develop a means of refining kerosene from the more readily available "rock oil" ("petr-oleum") seeps in 1852 and the first rock oil mine was built in Bóbrka, near Krosno in Galicia in the following year. In 1854, Benjamin Silliman, a science professor at Yale University in New Haven, was the first to fractionate petroleum by distillation. These discoveries rapidly spread around the world.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: The

text: modern

text: petroleum

text: industry

text: started

text: in

text: with

text: the

text: discovery

text: of

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: refining

text: kerosene

text: from

text: coal

text: by

text: Nova

text: Scotian

text: Abraham

text: Pineo

text: Gesner

text: Ignacy

text: Łukasiewicz

text: improved

text: Gesner

text: 's

text: method

text: to

text: develop

text: a

text: means

text: of

text: refining

text: kerosene

text: from

text: the

text: more

text: readily

text: available

text: rock

text: oil

text: petr

text: oleum

text: seeps

text: in

text: and

text: the

text: first

text: rock

text: oil

text: mine

text: was

text: built

text: in

text: Bóbrka

text: near

text: Krosno

text: in

text: Galicia

text: in

text: the

text: following

text: year

text: In

text: Benjamin

text: Silliman

text: a

text: science

text: professor

text: at

text: Yale

text: University

text: in

text: New

text: Haven

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: to

text: fractionate

text: petroleum

text: by

text: distillation

text: These

text: discoveries

text: rapidly

text: spread

text: around

text: the

text: world

question: When did the modern petroleum industry start?

answer: 1846

question: What started the modern petroleum industry ?

answer: the discovery of the process of refining kerosene from coal

text: the discovery of the process of refining kerosene from coal

question: Who discovered the process of refining kerosene from coal?

answer: Nova Scotian Abraham Pineo Gesner

text: Nova Scotian Abraham Pineo Gesner

question: Who improved Gesner's  of refining kerosene from coal?

answer: Ignacy Łukasiewicz

text: Ignacy Łukasiewicz

question: Where was the first Rock Oil mine built?

answer: Bóbrka

text: Bóbrka


text: Having small population size is a characteristic almost universally inherent to apex predators, humans and dogs by far the most blatant exceptions. Low numbers wouldn't be a problem for apex predators if there was an abundance of prey and no competition or niche overlap, a scenario that is rarely, if ever, encountered in the wild. The competitive exclusion principle states that if two species' ecological niches overlap, there is a very high likelihood of competition as both species are in direct competition for the same resources. This factor alone could lead to the extirpation of one or both species, but is compounded by the added factor of prey abundance.

title: Predation

title: Predation

text: Having

text: small

text: population

text: size

text: is

text: a

text: characteristic

text: almost

text: universally

text: inherent

text: to

text: apex

text: predators

text: humans

text: and

text: dogs

text: by

text: far

text: the

text: most

text: blatant

text: exceptions

text: Low

text: numbers

text: would

text: n't

text: be

text: a

text: problem

text: for

text: apex

text: predators

text: if

text: there

text: was

text: an

text: abundance

text: of

text: prey

text: and

text: no

text: competition

text: or

text: niche

text: overlap

text: a

text: scenario

text: that

text: is

text: rarely

text: if

text: ever

text: encountered

text: in

text: the

text: wild

text: The

text: competitive

text: exclusion

text: principle

text: states

text: that

text: if

text: two

text: species

text: ecological

text: niches

text: overlap

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: very

text: high

text: likelihood

text: of

text: competition

text: as

text: both

text: species

text: are

text: in

text: direct

text: competition

text: for

text: the

text: same

text: resources

text: This

text: factor

text: alone

text: could

text: lead

text: to

text: the

text: extirpation

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: both

text: species

text: but

text: is

text: compounded

text: by

text: the

text: added

text: factor

text: of

text: prey

text: abundance

question: What two apex predators do not have a small population size?

answer: humans and dogs

text: humans and dogs

question: Do apex predators generally have a large or small population?

answer: small

text: small

question: Which principle states that if two species ecologicl niches/ overlap, both species are likely to be in competition with one another?

answer: competitive exclusion principle

text: competitive exclusion principle

question: What other factor is relevant to the competitive exclusion principle?

answer: prey abundance

text: prey abundance

question: What are two situations apex predators always live with in the wild?

question: What kind of population do prey populations usually have?

text: small

question: When two species have a small population, what is likely to happen between them?

text: competition

question: What principle states that when two prey species have small populations they will compete with each other?

text: The competitive exclusion principle

question: What is one thing that humans and dogs have that applies to other apex predators?

text: small population size


text: Between 1975 and 2009, Olympic Airways (known after 2003 as Olympic Airlines) was the country’s state-owned flag carrier, but financial problems led to its privatization and relaunch as Olympic Air in 2009. Both Aegean Airlines and Olympic Air have won awards for their services; in 2009 and 2011, Aegean Airlines was awarded the "Best regional airline in Europe" award by Skytrax, and also has two gold and one silver awards by the ERA, while Olympic Air holds one silver ERA award for "Airline of the Year" as well as a "Condé Nast Traveller 2011 Readers Choice Awards: Top Domestic Airline" award.

title: Economy_of_Greece

title: Economy_of_Greece

text: Between

text: and

text: Olympic

text: Airways

text: known

text: after

text: as

text: Olympic

text: Airlines

text: was

text: the

text: country

text: ’s

text: state

text: owned

text: flag

text: carrier

text: but

text: financial

text: problems

text: led

text: to

text: its

text: privatization

text: and

text: relaunch

text: as

text: Olympic

text: Air

text: in

text: Both

text: Aegean

text: Airlines

text: and

text: Olympic

text: Air

text: have

text: won

text: awards

text: for

text: their

text: services

text: in

text: and

text: Aegean

text: Airlines

text: was

text: awarded

text: the

text: Best

text: regional

text: airline

text: in

text: Europe

text: award

text: by

text: Skytrax

text: and

text: also

text: has

text: two

text: gold

text: and

text: one

text: silver

text: awards

text: by

text: the

text: ERA

text: while

text: Olympic

text: Air

text: holds

text: one

text: silver

text: ERA

text: award

text: for

text: Airline

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: a

text: Condé

text: Nast

text: Traveller

text: Readers

text: Choice

text: Awards

text: Top

text: Domestic

text: Airline

text: award

question: What was Olympic Airways known as after 2003?

answer: Olympic Airlines

text: Olympic Airlines

question: What was Olympic Airlines relaunched as in 2009?

answer: Olympic Air

text: Olympic Air

question: What airlines was award the "Best regional airline in Europe" award by Skytrax?

answer: Aegean Airlines

text: Aegean Airlines

question: What does Olympic Air hold a silver ERA award for?

answer: "Airline of the Year"

text: "Airline of the Year"

question: What year did Olympic Air receive an award as Top Domestic Airline?

answer: 2011

question: What was Olympic Airways known as before 2003?

text: Olympic Airlines

question: What was Olympic Airlines relaunched as in 2012?

text: Olympic Air

question: What airlines was awarded the "Worst regional airline in Europe" award by Skytrax?

text: Aegean Airlines

question: What does Olympic Air hold a bronze ERA award for?

text: Airline of the Year

question: What year did Olympic Air lose an award as Top Domestic Airline?


text: At the end of the 15th century the Ottoman Empire advanced all over Southeastern Europe, eventually conquering the Byzantine Empire and extending control over the Balkan states. Hungary was the last bastion of the Latin Christian world in the East, and fought to keep its rule over a period of two centuries. After the tragic death of the young king Vladislaus I of Hungary during the Battle of Varna in 1444 against the Ottomans, the Kingdom was placed in the hands of count John Hunyadi, who became Hungary's regent-governor (1446–1453). Hunyadi was considered one of the most relevant military figures of the 15th century: Pope Pius II awarded him the title of Athleta Christi or Champion of Christ for being the only hope of resisting the Ottomans from advancing to Central and Western Europe.

title: Late_Middle_Ages

title: Late_Middle_Ages

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: Ottoman

text: Empire

text: advanced

text: all

text: over

text: Southeastern

text: Europe

text: eventually

text: conquering

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: Empire

text: and

text: extending

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: Balkan

text: states

text: Hungary

text: was

text: the

text: last

text: bastion

text: of

text: the

text: Latin

text: Christian

text: world

text: in

text: the

text: East

text: and

text: fought

text: to

text: keep

text: its

text: rule

text: over

text: a

text: period

text: of

text: two

text: centuries

text: After

text: the

text: tragic

text: death

text: of

text: the

text: young

text: king

text: Vladislaus

text: I

text: of

text: Hungary

text: during

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Varna

text: in

text: against

text: the

text: Ottomans

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: was

text: placed

text: in

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: count

text: John

text: Hunyadi

text: who

text: became

text: Hungary

text: 's

text: regent

text: governor

text: Hunyadi

text: was

text: considered

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: relevant

text: military

text: figures

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Pope

text: Pius

text: II

text: awarded

text: him

text: the

text: title

text: of

text: Athleta

text: Christi

text: or

text: Champion

text: of

text: Christ

text: for

text: being

text: the

text: only

text: hope

text: of

text: resisting

text: the

text: Ottomans

text: from

text: advancing

text: to

text: Central

text: and

text: Western

text: Europe

question: Which empire completed its conquest of the Byzantines at the end of the 15th century?

answer: Ottoman

text: Ottoman

question: In what year did the Battle of Varna take place?

answer: 1444

question: Which Hungarian ruler was killed at the Battle of Varna?

answer: Vladislaus I

text: Vladislaus I

question: Who was appointed regent-governor of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1446?

answer: count John Hunyadi

text: count John Hunyadi

question: Who gave the title of Champion of Christ to John Hyundai?

answer: Pope Pius II

text: Pope Pius II

question: Which empire completed its conquest of the Byzantines at the end of the 14th century?

text: Ottoman

question: In what year didn't the Battle of Varna take place?

question: Which Hungarian ruler was saved at the Battle of Varna?

text: Vladislaus I

question: Who was appointed regent-governor of the Kingdom of Hungary in 1464?

text: count John Hunyadi

question: Who gave the title of Champion of Christ to Sean Hyundai?

text: Pope Pius II


text: The Catholic Church uses wine in the celebration of the Eucharist because it is part of the tradition passed down through the ages starting with Jesus Christ at the Last Supper, where Catholics believe the consecrated bread and wine literally become the body and blood of Jesus Christ, a dogma known as transubstantiation. Wine is used (not grape juice) both due to its strong Scriptural roots, and also to follow the tradition set by the early Christian Church. The Code of Canon Law of the Catholic Church (1983), Canon 924 says that the wine used must be natural, made from grapes of the vine, and not corrupt. In some circumstances, a priest may obtain special permission to use grape juice for the consecration, however this is extremely rare and typically requires sufficient impetus to warrant such a dispensation, such as personal health of the priest.

title: Grape

title: Grape

text: The

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: uses

text: wine

text: in

text: the

text: celebration

text: of

text: the

text: Eucharist

text: because

text: it

text: is

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: tradition

text: passed

text: down

text: through

text: the

text: ages

text: starting

text: with

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: at

text: the

text: Last

text: Supper

text: where

text: Catholics

text: believe

text: the

text: consecrated

text: bread

text: and

text: wine

text: literally

text: become

text: the

text: body

text: and

text: blood

text: of

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: a

text: dogma

text: known

text: as

text: transubstantiation

text: Wine

text: is

text: used

text: not

text: grape

text: juice

text: both

text: due

text: to

text: its

text: strong

text: Scriptural

text: roots

text: and

text: also

text: to

text: follow

text: the

text: tradition

text: set

text: by

text: the

text: early

text: Christian

text: Church

text: The

text: Code

text: of

text: Canon

text: Law

text: of

text: the

text: Catholic

text: Church

text: Canon

text: says

text: that

text: the

text: wine

text: used

text: must

text: be

text: natural

text: made

text: from

text: grapes

text: of

text: the

text: vine

text: and

text: not

text: corrupt

text: In

text: some

text: circumstances

text: a

text: priest

text: may

text: obtain

text: special

text: permission

text: to

text: use

text: grape

text: juice

text: for

text: the

text: consecration

text: however

text: this

text: is

text: extremely

text: rare

text: and

text: typically

text: requires

text: sufficient

text: impetus

text: to

text: warrant

text: such

text: a

text: dispensation

text: such

text: as

text: personal

text: health

text: of

text: the

text: priest

question: What church uses wine to celebrate the Eucharist?

answer: The Catholic Church

text: The Catholic Church

question: When was Jesus Christ known to have used wine in celebration?

answer: the Last Supper

text: the Last Supper

question: Where in the Code of Canon Law does it say that wine must be natural and not corrupt?

answer: Canon 924

text: Canon 924

question: What may a priest use in place of wine for consecration for health reasons?

answer: grape juice

text: grape juice

question: What is the Catholic dogma known as that believes that consecrated bread and wine from the Last Supper literally became the body and blood of Jesus Christ?

answer: transubstantiation

text: transubstantiation


text: Between 1832 and 2002 the currency of Greece was the drachma. After signing the Maastricht Treaty, Greece applied to join the eurozone. The two main convergence criteria were a maximum budget deficit of 3% of GDP and a declining public debt if it stood above 60% of GDP. Greece met the criteria as shown in its 1999 annual public account. On 1 January 2001, Greece joined the eurozone, with the adoption of the euro at the fixed exchange rate ₯340.75 to €1. However, in 2001 the euro only existed electronically, so the physical exchange from drachma to euro only took place on 1 January 2002. This was followed by a ten-year period for eligible exchange of drachma to euro, which ended on 1 March 2012.

title: Economy_of_Greece

title: Economy_of_Greece

text: Between

text: and

text: the

text: currency

text: of

text: Greece

text: was

text: the

text: drachma

text: After

text: signing

text: the

text: Maastricht

text: Treaty

text: Greece

text: applied

text: to

text: join

text: the

text: eurozone

text: The

text: two

text: main

text: convergence

text: criteria

text: were

text: a

text: maximum

text: budget

text: deficit

text: of

text: of

text: GDP

text: and

text: a

text: declining

text: public

text: debt

text: if

text: it

text: stood

text: above

text: of

text: GDP

text: Greece

text: met

text: the

text: criteria

text: as

text: shown

text: in

text: its

text: annual

text: public

text: account

text: On

text: January

text: Greece

text: joined

text: the

text: eurozone

text: with

text: the

text: adoption

text: of

text: the

text: euro

text: at

text: the

text: fixed

text: exchange

text: rate

text: to

text: However

text: in

text: the

text: euro

text: only

text: existed

text: electronically

text: so

text: the

text: physical

text: exchange

text: from

text: drachma

text: to

text: euro

text: only

text: took

text: place

text: on

text: January

text: This

text: was

text: followed

text: by

text: a

text: ten

text: year

text: period

text: for

text: eligible

text: exchange

text: of

text: drachma

text: to

text: euro

text: which

text: ended

text: on

text: March

question: What was the currency of Greece until 2002?

answer: drachma

text: drachma

question: What did Greece sign to apply to join the eurozone?

answer: Maastricht Treaty

text: Maastricht Treaty

question: How many convergence criteria were there in the treaty?

answer: two

text: two

question: When did the physical exchange of the drachma to euro take place?

answer: January 2002

text: January 2002

question: When did the ten-year period for eligible exchange of the drachma to euro end?

answer: March 2012

text: March 2012

question: What was the banned currency of Greece until 2002?

text: drachma

question: What did Greece sign to apply to leave the eurozone?

text: Maastricht Treaty

question: How many convergence criteria were ignored in the treaty?

text: two

question: When did the physical exchange of the drachma to euro become illegal?

text: January 2002

question: When did the twenty-year period for eligible exchange of the drachma to euro end?

text: March 2012


text: Football and cycling are the most popular sports in Eritrea. In recent years, Eritrean athletes have also seen increasing success in the international arena. Zersenay Tadese, an Eritrean athlete, currently holds the world record in half marathon distance running. The Tour of Eritrea, a multi-stage international cycling event, is held annually throughout the country. The Eritrea national cycling team has experienced a lot of success, winning the continental cycling championship several years in a row. Six Eritrean riders have been signed to international cycling teams, including Natnael Berhane and Daniel Teklehaimanot. Berhane was named African Sportsman of the Year in 2013, ahead of footballers Yaya Touré and Didier Drogba, while Teklehaimanot became the first Eritrean to ride the Vuelta a España in 2012. In 2015 Teklehaimanot won the King of the Mountains classification in the Critérium du Dauphine. Teklehaimanot and fellow Eritrean Merhawi Kudus became the first black African riders to compete in the Tour de France when they were selected by the MTN–Qhubeka team for the 2015 edition of the race, where, on 9 July, Teklehaimanot became the first African rider to wear the polkadot jersey.

title: Eritrea

title: Eritrea

text: Football

text: and

text: cycling

text: are

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: sports

text: in

text: Eritrea

text: In

text: recent

text: years

text: Eritrean

text: athletes

text: have

text: also

text: seen

text: increasing

text: success

text: in

text: the

text: international

text: arena

text: Zersenay

text: Tadese

text: an

text: Eritrean

text: athlete

text: currently

text: holds

text: the

text: world

text: record

text: in

text: half

text: marathon

text: distance

text: running

text: The

text: Tour

text: of

text: Eritrea

text: a

text: multi

text: stage

text: international

text: cycling

text: event

text: is

text: held

text: annually

text: throughout

text: the

text: country

text: The

text: Eritrea

text: national

text: cycling

text: team

text: has

text: experienced

text: a

text: lot

text: of

text: success

text: winning

text: the

text: continental

text: cycling

text: championship

text: several

text: years

text: in

text: a

text: row

text: Six

text: Eritrean

text: riders

text: have

text: been

text: signed

text: to

text: international

text: cycling

text: teams

text: including

text: Natnael

text: Berhane

text: and

text: Daniel

text: Teklehaimanot

text: Berhane

text: was

text: named

text: African

text: Sportsman

text: of

text: the

text: Year

text: in

text: ahead

text: of

text: footballers

text: Yaya

text: Touré

text: and

text: Didier

text: Drogba

text: while

text: Teklehaimanot

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: Eritrean

text: to

text: ride

text: the

text: Vuelta

text: a

text: España

text: in

text: In

text: Teklehaimanot

text: won

text: the

text: King

text: of

text: the

text: Mountains

text: classification

text: in

text: the

text: Critérium

text: du

text: Dauphine

text: Teklehaimanot

text: and

text: fellow

text: Eritrean

text: Merhawi

text: Kudus

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: black

text: African

text: riders

text: to

text: compete

text: in

text: the

text: Tour

text: de

text: France

text: when

text: they

text: were

text: selected

text: by

text: the

text: MTN

text: Qhubeka

text: team

text: for

text: the

text: edition

text: of

text: the

text: race

text: where

text: on

text: July

text: Teklehaimanot

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: African

text: rider

text: to

text: wear

text: the

text: polkadot

text: jersey

question: What are the most popular sports in Eritrea?

answer: Football and cycling

text: Football and cycling

question: What world record is held by Eritrean athlete Zersenay Tadese?

answer: half marathon distance running

text: half marathon distance running

question: What is the name of the multi-stage international cycling event held throughout Eritrea?

answer: Tour of Eritrea

text: Tour of Eritrea

question: Who became the first black African riders to compete in the Tour de France?

answer: Teklehaimanot and fellow Eritrean Merhawi Kudus

text: Teklehaimanot and fellow Eritrean Merhawi Kudus

question: Who became the first Eritrean to ride the Vuelta a Espana in 2012?

answer: Daniel Teklehaimanot

text: Daniel Teklehaimanot

question: Who won the last Tour of Eritrea?

text: Zersenay Tadese

question: Who is one of the members of the Eritrea national cycling team?

text: Didier Drogba

question: What football team does Didier Drogba play for?

text: MTN–Qhubeka

question: What was Merhawi Kudus wearing at the end of the 2015 Tour de France?

text: polkadot jersey

question: Who won the 2012 Vuelta a Espana?

text: Merhawi Kudus


text: The Russians evacuated Wallachia and Moldavia in late July 1854. With the evacuation of the Danubian Principalities, the immediate cause of war was withdrawn and the war might have ended at this time.:192 However, war fever among the public in both the UK and France had been whipped up by the press in both countries to the degree that politicians found it untenable to propose ending the war at this point. Indeed, the coalition government of George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen fell on 30 January 1855 on a no-confidence vote as Parliament voted to appoint a committee to investigate mismanagement of the war.:311

title: Crimean_War

title: Crimean_War

text: The

text: Russians

text: evacuated

text: Wallachia

text: and

text: Moldavia

text: in

text: late

text: July

text: With

text: the

text: evacuation

text: of

text: the

text: Danubian

text: Principalities

text: the

text: immediate

text: cause

text: of

text: war

text: was

text: withdrawn

text: and

text: the

text: war

text: might

text: have

text: ended

text: at

text: this

text: However

text: war

text: fever

text: among

text: the

text: public

text: in

text: both

text: the

text: UK

text: and

text: France

text: had

text: been

text: whipped

text: up

text: by

text: the

text: press

text: in

text: both

text: countries

text: to

text: the

text: degree

text: that

text: politicians

text: found

text: it

text: untenable

text: to

text: propose

text: ending

text: the

text: war

text: at

text: this

text: point

text: Indeed

text: the

text: coalition

text: government

text: of

text: George

text: Hamilton

text: Gordon

text: Earl

text: of

text: Aberdeen

text: fell

text: on

text: January

text: on

text: a

text: no

text: confidence

text: vote

text: as

text: Parliament

text: voted

text: to

text: appoint

text: a

text: committee

text: to

text: investigate

text: mismanagement

text: of

text: the

question: In what year did the Russians leave Wallachia and Moldavia?

answer: 1854

question: War fever from what two countries caused the war to continue on?

answer: UK and France

text: UK and France

question: Who voted to have a committee investigate the mismanagement during the war?

answer: Parliament

text: Parliament


text: Douglas's business grew astronomically with the onset of World War II, employing as many as 44,000 people in 1943. To defend against air attack set designers from the Warner Brothers Studios prepared elaborate camouflage that disguised the factory and airfield. The RAND Corporation began as a project of the Douglas Company in 1945, and spun off into an independent think tank on May 14, 1948. RAND eventually acquired a 15-acre (61,000 m²) campus centrally located between the Civic Center and the pier entrance.

title: Santa_Monica,_California

title: Santa_Monica,_California

text: Douglas

text: 's

text: business

text: grew

text: astronomically

text: with

text: the

text: onset

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: employing

text: as

text: many

text: as

text: people

text: in

text: To

text: defend

text: against

text: air

text: attack

text: set

text: designers

text: from

text: the

text: Warner

text: Brothers

text: Studios

text: prepared

text: elaborate

text: camouflage

text: that

text: disguised

text: the

text: factory

text: and

text: airfield

text: The

text: RAND

text: Corporation

text: began

text: as

text: a

text: project

text: of

text: the

text: Douglas

text: Company

text: in

text: and

text: spun

text: off

text: into

text: an

text: independent

text: think

text: tank

text: on

text: May

text: RAND

text: eventually

text: acquired

text: a

text: m²

text: campus

text: centrally

text: located

text: between

text: the

text: Civic

text: Center

text: and

text: the

text: pier

text: entrance

question: What brought on the Douglas business's company growth?

answer: World War II

text: World War II

question: How many people did the company employ in 1943?

answer: 44,000

question: The company used camouflage from what designers?

answer: Warner Brothers Studios

text: Warner Brothers Studios

question: What was the camouflage designed to do?

answer: defend against air attack

text: defend against air attack

question: What company started as a project in 1945?

answer: RAND

text: RAND

question: How many people worked for Warner Brothers Studio?

question: In what year was the Douglas Company founded?

question: In what year did World War II end?

question: How big was Warner Brother Studios' campus?

question: How many people were employed by RAND?


text: Although most aspirated obstruents in the world's language are stops and affricates, aspirated fricatives such as [sʰ], [fʰ] or [ɕʰ] have been documented in Korean, in a few Tibeto-Burman languages, in some Oto-Manguean languages, and in the Siouan language Ofo. Some languages, such as Choni Tibetan, have up to four contrastive aspirated fricatives [sʰ] [ɕʰ], [ʂʰ] and [xʰ].

title: Aspirated_consonant

title: Aspirated_consonant

text: Although

text: most

text: aspirated

text: obstruents

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: language

text: are

text: stops

text: and

text: affricates

text: aspirated

text: fricatives

text: such

text: as

text: sʰ

text: fʰ

text: or

text: ɕʰ

text: have

text: been

text: documented

text: in

text: Korean

text: in

text: a

text: few

text: Tibeto

text: Burman

text: languages

text: in

text: some

text: Oto

text: Manguean

text: languages

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Siouan

text: language

text: Ofo

text: Some

text: languages

text: such

text: as

text: Choni

text: Tibetan

text: have

text: up

text: to

text: four

text: contrastive

text: aspirated

text: fricatives

text: sʰ

text: ɕʰ

text: ʂʰ

text: and

text: xʰ

question: How many contrastive aspirated fricatives does Choni Tibetan have?

answer: up to four

text: up to four

question: Unaspirated fricatives have been documented in which language?

text: Korean

question: Which language has up to five contrastive aspirated fricatives?

text: Choni Tibetan

question: Most unaspirated obstruents are what?

text: stops and affricates

question: The Siouan language Ofo has how many contrastive aspirated fricatives?

text: up to four

question: Choni Tibetan has how many unaspirated fricatives?

text: up to four


text: Although initially thought to have originated as a manmade variant of an extant canid species (variously supposed as being the dhole, golden jackal, or gray wolf), extensive genetic studies undertaken during the 2010s indicate that dogs diverged from an extinct wolf-like canid in Eurasia 40,000 years ago. Being the oldest domesticated animal, their long association with people has allowed dogs to be uniquely attuned to human behavior, as well as thrive on a starch-rich diet which would be inadequate for other canid species.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: Although

text: initially

text: thought

text: to

text: have

text: originated

text: as

text: a

text: manmade

text: variant

text: of

text: an

text: extant

text: canid

text: species

text: variously

text: supposed

text: as

text: being

text: the

text: dhole

text: golden

text: jackal

text: or

text: gray

text: wolf

text: extensive

text: genetic

text: studies

text: undertaken

text: during

text: the

text: indicate

text: that

text: dogs

text: diverged

text: from

text: an

text: extinct

text: wolf

text: like

text: canid

text: in

text: Eurasia

text: years

text: ago

text: Being

text: the

text: oldest

text: domesticated

text: animal

text: their

text: long

text: association

text: with

text: people

text: has

text: allowed

text: dogs

text: to

text: be

text: uniquely

text: attuned

text: to

text: human

text: behavior

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: thrive

text: on

text: a

text: starch

text: rich

text: diet

text: which

text: would

text: be

text: inadequate

text: for

text: other

text: canid

text: species

question: What decade had significant studies of dog genes to determine origins?

answer: 2010s

question: Testing revealed today's dogs trace back by how many years?

answer: 40,000

question: What is the region where domesticated dogs ancestry traces to?

answer: Eurasia

text: Eurasia

question: What type of diet can modern domesticated dogs thrive eating that other dogs cannot?

answer: starch-rich

text: starch-rich

question: What was undertaken in 2010 to determine where dogs originated from?

answer: extensive genetic studies

text: extensive genetic studies


text: A new delimitation of the federal territory has been discussed since the Federal Republic was founded in 1949 and even before. Committees and expert commissions advocated a reduction of the number of states; academics (Rutz, Miegel, Ottnad etc.) and politicians (Döring, Apel, and others) made proposals –  some of them far-reaching –  for redrawing boundaries but hardly anything came of these public discussions. Territorial reform is sometimes propagated by the richer states as a means to avoid or reduce fiscal transfers.

title: States_of_Germany

title: States_of_Germany

text: A

text: new

text: delimitation

text: of

text: the

text: federal

text: territory

text: has

text: been

text: discussed

text: since

text: the

text: Federal

text: Republic

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: and

text: even

text: before

text: Committees

text: and

text: expert

text: commissions

text: advocated

text: a

text: reduction

text: of

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: states

text: academics

text: Rutz

text: Miegel

text: Ottnad

text: etc

text: and

text: politicians

text: Döring

text: Apel

text: and

text: others

text: made

text: proposals

text: some

text: of

text: them

text: far

text: reaching

text: for

text: redrawing

text: boundaries

text: but

text: hardly

text: anything

text: came

text: of

text: these

text: public

text: discussions

text: Territorial

text: reform

text: is

text: sometimes

text: propagated

text: by

text: the

text: richer

text: states

text: as

text: a

text: means

text: to

text: avoid

text: or

text: reduce

text: fiscal

text: transfers

question: What has been discussed since the Federal Republic was founded in 1949?

answer: new delimitation of the federal territory

text: new delimitation of the federal territory

question: What have experts advocated in regards to delimitation?

answer: a reduction of the number of states

text: a reduction of the number of states

question: What is propagated by the richer states as a means to avoid or reduce fiscal transfers?

answer: Territorial reform

text: Territorial reform

question: Since when has the delimitation of state territories been discussed?

question: Who advocated an increase in the number of states?

text: Committees and expert commissions

question: Which public discussions had far-reaching appeal?

text: redrawing boundaries

question: Why do poorer states propagate territorial reform?

text: to avoid or reduce fiscal transfers

question: What advantage is it for richer states if territorial reform is enacted?

text: reduce fiscal transfers


text: By the late 1990s, blue LEDs became widely available. They have an active region consisting of one or more InGaN quantum wells sandwiched between thicker layers of GaN, called cladding layers. By varying the relative In/Ga fraction in the InGaN quantum wells, the light emission can in theory be varied from violet to amber. Aluminium gallium nitride (AlGaN) of varying Al/Ga fraction can be used to manufacture the cladding and quantum well layers for ultraviolet LEDs, but these devices have not yet reached the level of efficiency and technological maturity of InGaN/GaN blue/green devices. If un-alloyed GaN is used in this case to form the active quantum well layers, the device will emit near-ultraviolet light with a peak wavelength centred around 365 nm. Green LEDs manufactured from the InGaN/GaN system are far more efficient and brighter than green LEDs produced with non-nitride material systems, but practical devices still exhibit efficiency too low for high-brightness applications.[citation needed]

title: Light-emitting_diode

title: Light

title: emitting_diode

text: By

text: the

text: late

text: blue

text: LEDs

text: became

text: widely

text: available

text: They

text: have

text: an

text: active

text: region

text: consisting

text: of

text: one

text: or

text: more

text: InGaN

text: quantum

text: wells

text: sandwiched

text: between

text: thicker

text: layers

text: of

text: GaN

text: called

text: cladding

text: layers

text: By

text: varying

text: the

text: relative

text: In

text: Ga

text: fraction

text: in

text: the

text: InGaN

text: quantum

text: wells

text: the

text: light

text: emission

text: can

text: in

text: theory

text: be

text: varied

text: from

text: violet

text: to

text: amber

text: Aluminium

text: gallium

text: nitride

text: AlGaN

text: of

text: varying

text: Al

text: Ga

text: fraction

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: to

text: manufacture

text: the

text: cladding

text: and

text: quantum

text: well

text: layers

text: for

text: ultraviolet

text: LEDs

text: but

text: these

text: devices

text: have

text: not

text: yet

text: reached

text: the

text: level

text: of

text: efficiency

text: and

text: technological

text: maturity

text: of

text: InGaN

text: GaN

text: blue

text: green

text: devices

text: If

text: un

text: alloyed

text: GaN

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: this

text: case

text: to

text: form

text: the

text: active

text: quantum

text: well

text: layers

text: the

text: device

text: will

text: emit

text: near

text: ultraviolet

text: light

text: with

text: a

text: peak

text: wavelength

text: centred

text: around

text: nm

text: Green

text: LEDs

text: manufactured

text: from

text: the

text: InGaN

text: GaN

text: system

text: are

text: far

text: more

text: efficient

text: and

text: brighter

text: than

text: green

text: LEDs

text: produced

text: with

text: non

text: nitride

text: material

text: systems

text: but

text: practical

text: devices

text: still

text: exhibit

text: efficiency

text: too

text: low

text: for

text: high

text: brightness

text: applications.[citation

text: needed

question: What are cladding layers?

answer: active region consisting of one or more InGaN quantum wells sandwiched between thicker layers of GaN

text: active region consisting of one or more InGaN quantum wells sandwiched between thicker layers of GaN

question: How can light emission be varied from violet to amber?

answer: By varying the relative In/Ga fraction in the InGaN quantum wells

text: By varying the relative In/Ga fraction in the InGaN quantum wells

question: What does AlGaN stand for?

answer: Aluminium gallium nitride

text: Aluminium gallium nitride

question: What LEDs are more efficient when produced from the InGaN/GaN systems than without?

answer: Green

text: Green

question: What are non-cladding layers?

question: How can light emission be varied from red to amber?

question: What does AlGEaN stand for?

text: Aluminium gallium nitride

question: What LEDs are more efficient when produced from the InEGaN/GaEN systems than without?

text: Green


text: Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery caused by a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.

title: Myocardial_infarction

title: Myocardial_infarction

text: Most

text: MIs

text: occur

text: due

text: to

text: coronary

text: artery

text: disease

text: Risk

text: factors

text: include

text: high

text: blood

text: pressure

text: smoking

text: diabetes

text: lack

text: of

text: exercise

text: obesity

text: high

text: blood

text: cholesterol

text: poor

text: diet

text: and

text: excessive

text: alcohol

text: intake

text: among

text: others

text: The

text: mechanism

text: of

text: an

text: MI

text: often

text: involves

text: the

text: complete

text: blockage

text: of

text: a

text: coronary

text: artery

text: caused

text: by

text: a

text: rupture

text: of

text: an

text: atherosclerotic

text: plaque

text: MIs

text: are

text: less

text: commonly

text: caused

text: by

text: coronary

text: artery

text: spasms

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: due

text: to

text: cocaine

text: significant

text: emotional

text: stress

text: and

text: extreme

text: cold

text: among

text: others

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: tests

text: are

text: useful

text: to

text: help

text: with

text: diagnosis

text: including

text: electrocardiograms

text: ECGs

text: blood

text: tests

text: and

text: coronary

text: angiography

text: An

text: ECG

text: may

text: confirm

text: an

text: ST

text: elevation

text: MI

text: if

text: ST

text: elevation

text: is

text: present

text: Commonly

text: used

text: blood

text: tests

text: include

text: troponin

text: and

text: less

text: often

text: creatine

text: kinase

text: MB

question: What is used to confirm a artery spasm?

text: ECGs

question: What test includes cocaine?

text: blood tests

question: What type of rupture helps prevent MI?

text: a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque

question: What causes extreme cold?

text: coronary artery spasms

question: What does a coronary angiography look for?

text: ST elevation


text: It was situated precisely in the western part of Central Asia that borders present-day Russia (and present-day Kazakhstan). It was in relative proximity to the other satem ethno-linguistic groups of the Indo-European family, like Thracian, Balto-Slavic and others, and to common Indo-European's original homeland (more precisely, the steppes of southern Russia to the north of the Caucasus), according to the reconstructed linguistic relationships of common Indo-European.

title: Iranian_languages

title: Iranian_languages

text: It

text: was

text: situated

text: precisely

text: in

text: the

text: western

text: part

text: of

text: Central

text: Asia

text: that

text: borders

text: present

text: day

text: Russia

text: and

text: present

text: day

text: Kazakhstan

text: It

text: was

text: in

text: relative

text: proximity

text: to

text: the

text: other

text: satem

text: ethno

text: linguistic

text: groups

text: of

text: the

text: Indo

text: European

text: family

text: like

text: Thracian

text: Balto

text: Slavic

text: and

text: others

text: and

text: to

text: common

text: Indo

text: European

text: 's

text: original

text: homeland

text: more

text: precisely

text: the

text: steppes

text: of

text: southern

text: Russia

text: to

text: the

text: north

text: of

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: reconstructed

text: linguistic

text: relationships

text: of

text: common

text: Indo

text: European

question: What language family did Thracian and Balto-Slavic belong to?

answer: Indo-European

text: Indo-European

question: What Indo-European groups belong to the Satem language family?

text: Thracian, Balto-Slavic

question: What language family originated in the mountains of Russia?

text: Indo-European


text: On 14 January 1858, an Italian refugee from Britain called Orsini attempted to assassinate Napoleon III with a bomb made in England. The ensuing diplomatic crisis destabilised the government, and Palmerston resigned. Derby was reinstated as prime minister. Victoria and Albert attended the opening of a new basin at the French military port of Cherbourg on 5 August 1858, in an attempt by Napoleon III to reassure Britain that his military preparations were directed elsewhere. On her return Victoria wrote to Derby reprimanding him for the poor state of the Royal Navy in comparison to the French one. Derby's ministry did not last long, and in June 1859 Victoria recalled Palmerston to office.

title: Queen_Victoria

title: Queen_Victoria

text: On

text: January

text: an

text: Italian

text: refugee

text: from

text: Britain

text: called

text: Orsini

text: attempted

text: to

text: assassinate

text: Napoleon

text: III

text: with

text: a

text: bomb

text: made

text: in

text: England

text: The

text: ensuing

text: diplomatic

text: crisis

text: destabilised

text: the

text: government

text: and

text: Palmerston

text: resigned

text: Derby

text: was

text: reinstated

text: as

text: prime

text: minister

text: Victoria

text: and

text: Albert

text: attended

text: the

text: opening

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: basin

text: at

text: the

text: French

text: military

text: port

text: of

text: Cherbourg

text: on

text: August

text: in

text: an

text: attempt

text: by

text: Napoleon

text: III

text: to

text: reassure

text: Britain

text: that

text: his

text: military

text: preparations

text: were

text: directed

text: elsewhere

text: On

text: her

text: return

text: Victoria

text: wrote

text: to

text: Derby

text: reprimanding

text: him

text: for

text: the

text: poor

text: state

text: of

text: the

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: in

text: comparison

text: to

text: the

text: French

text: one

text: Derby

text: 's

text: ministry

text: did

text: not

text: last

text: long

text: and

text: in

text: June

text: Victoria

text: recalled

text: Palmerston

text: to

text: office

question: Where was Orsini from?

answer: Britain

text: Britain

question: Who did Orsini try to assassinate?

answer: Napoleon III

text: Napoleon III

question: What position did Derby hold?

answer: prime minister

text: prime minister

question: What happened in June 1859?

answer: Victoria recalled Palmerston to office

text: Victoria recalled Palmerston to office

question: What was the date of an attempted assasination on Napoleon?

answer: 14 January 1858

text: 14 January 1858

question: What was the name of the person that attempted to assasinate Napoleon?

answer: Orsini

text: Orsini

question: Where was the bomb that Orsini used to attempt to assasinate Napoleon made?

answer: England

text: England

question: Who resigned due to the attempt on Napoleons life?

answer: Palmerston

text: Palmerston

question: What was the name of the French military port that opened on 5 August 1858?

answer: port of Cherbourg

text: port of Cherbourg

question: Who survived an assasination attempt by the Italian refugee Orsini in 1858?

answer: Napoleon III

text: Napoleon III

question: Who resigned their position following the scandal due to Orsini's bomb being made in England?

answer: Palmerston

text: Palmerston

question: What new military port in France did Victoria and Albert visit after the crisis in 1858?

answer: Cherbourg

text: Cherbourg

question: Why did Victoria repremend Derby following her visit with Napolean III?

answer: the poor state of the Royal Navy in comparison to the French one

text: the poor state of the Royal Navy in comparison to the French one

question: Who did Victoria recall to office following her disappointment with Derby in June of 1859?

answer: Palmerston

text: Palmerston

question: Who attempted to assassinate Napoleon?

answer: an Italian refugee from Britain called Orsini

text: an Italian refugee from Britain called Orsini

question: When did Orsinin attempt to assassinate Napoleon?

answer: 14 January 1858

text: 14 January 1858

question: How did Orsini try to assassinate Napoleon?

answer: a bomb

text: a bomb

question: When did Victoria ask Palmerston to resume his office?

answer: June 1859

text: June 1859

question: Where did Victoria visit that led her to reprimand Derby for the state of the Royal Navy?

answer: French military port of Cherbourg

text: French military port of Cherbourg

question: Where wasn't Orsini from?

text: Britain

question: Who did Orsini try not to assassinate?

text: Napoleon III

question: What position didn't Derby hold?

text: prime minister

question: What happened in June 1895?

text: Victoria recalled Palmerston to office

question: What was the date of an assasination on Napoleon?

text: 14 January 1858