text: In the first session of the new Congress of People's Deputies, from May 25 to June 9, hardliners retained control but reformers used the legislature as a platform for debate and criticism – which was broadcast live and uncensored. This transfixed the population; nothing like this freewheeling debate had ever been witnessed in the U.S.S.R. On May 29, Yeltsin managed to secure a seat on the Supreme Soviet, and in the summer he formed the first opposition, the Inter-Regional Deputies Group, composed of Russian nationalists and liberals. Composing the final legislative group in the Soviet Union, those elected in 1989 played a vital part in reforms and the eventual breakup of the Soviet Union during the next two years.

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

title: Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: session

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: Congress

text: of

text: People

text: 's

text: Deputies

text: from

text: May

text: to

text: June

text: hardliners

text: retained

text: control

text: but

text: reformers

text: used

text: the

text: legislature

text: as

text: a

text: platform

text: for

text: debate

text: and

text: criticism

text: which

text: was

text: broadcast

text: live

text: and

text: uncensored

text: This

text: transfixed

text: the

text: population

text: nothing

text: like

text: this

text: freewheeling

text: debate

text: had

text: ever

text: been

text: witnessed

text: in

text: the

text: U.S.S.R.

text: On

text: May

text: Yeltsin

text: managed

text: to

text: secure

text: a

text: seat

text: on

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Soviet

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: summer

text: he

text: formed

text: the

text: first

text: opposition

text: the

text: Inter

text: Regional

text: Deputies

text: Group

text: composed

text: of

text: Russian

text: nationalists

text: and

text: liberals

text: Composing

text: the

text: final

text: legislative

text: group

text: in

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: those

text: elected

text: in

text: played

text: a

text: vital

text: part

text: in

text: reforms

text: and

text: the

text: eventual

text: breakup

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: during

text: the

text: next

text: two

text: years

question: Who used the legislative session to debate and criticize?

answer: reformers

text: reformers

question: Who made up the Inter-Regional Deputies Group?

answer: Russian nationalists and liberals.

text: Russian nationalists and liberals.

question: When did Yeltsin acquire a seat on the Supreme Soviet?

answer: May 29

text: May 29


text: After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British East India Company, which had ruled much of India, was dissolved, and Britain's possessions and protectorates on the Indian subcontinent were formally incorporated into the British Empire. The Queen had a relatively balanced view of the conflict, and condemned atrocities on both sides. She wrote of "her feelings of horror and regret at the result of this bloody civil war", and insisted, urged on by Albert, that an official proclamation announcing the transfer of power from the company to the state "should breathe feelings of generosity, benevolence and religious toleration". At her behest, a reference threatening the "undermining of native religions and customs" was replaced by a passage guaranteeing religious freedom.

title: Queen_Victoria

title: Queen_Victoria

text: After

text: the

text: Indian

text: Rebellion

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: East

text: India

text: Company

text: which

text: had

text: ruled

text: much

text: of

text: India

text: was

text: dissolved

text: and

text: Britain

text: 's

text: possessions

text: and

text: protectorates

text: on

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: were

text: formally

text: incorporated

text: into

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: The

text: Queen

text: had

text: a

text: relatively

text: balanced

text: view

text: of

text: the

text: conflict

text: and

text: condemned

text: atrocities

text: on

text: both

text: sides

text: She

text: wrote

text: of

text: her

text: feelings

text: of

text: horror

text: and

text: regret

text: at

text: the

text: result

text: of

text: this

text: bloody

text: civil

text: war

text: and

text: insisted

text: urged

text: on

text: by

text: Albert

text: that

text: an

text: official

text: proclamation

text: announcing

text: the

text: transfer

text: of

text: power

text: from

text: the

text: company

text: to

text: the

text: state

text: should

text: breathe

text: feelings

text: of

text: generosity

text: benevolence

text: and

text: religious

text: toleration

text: At

text: her

text: behest

text: a

text: reference

text: threatening

text: the

text: undermining

text: of

text: native

text: religions

text: and

text: customs

text: was

text: replaced

text: by

text: a

text: passage

text: guaranteeing

text: religious

text: freedom

question: What year was the Indian Rebellion?

answer: 1857

question: What company was dissolved after the Indian Rebellion?

answer: British East India Company

text: British East India Company

question: What company ruled much of India before the end of the Indian Rebellion?

answer: British East India Company

text: British East India Company

question: Who did the Queen condemn in the Indian Rebellion?

answer: both sides

text: both sides

question: What ruler was dissolved after the Indian Rebellion in 1857?

answer: British East India Company

text: British East India Company

question: Who encouraged Victoria to issue an official statement on the conflict of the civil war in India?

answer: Albert

text: Albert

question: What happened to the British possesions after the Rebellion of 1857?

answer: were formally incorporated into the British Empire

text: were formally incorporated into the British Empire

question: What statement was replaced in her proclamation about the civil war?

answer: a reference threatening the "undermining of native religions and customs"

text: a reference threatening the "undermining of native religions and customs"

question: Before 1857, who controlled most of India?

answer: British East India Company

text: British East India Company

question: What caused the British East India Company to lose control of India?

answer: the Indian Rebellion of 1857

text: the Indian Rebellion of 1857

question: What happened to the assets of the British East India Company after it was removed from power?

answer: formally incorporated into the British Empire

text: formally incorporated into the British Empire

question: How did the Queen view the Indian Rebellion?

answer: relatively balanced view of the conflict, and condemned atrocities on both sides

text: relatively balanced view of the conflict, and condemned atrocities on both sides

question: What did Victoria believe that an official proclamation transferring control from the company to the monarchy would do?

answer: "should breathe feelings of generosity, benevolence and religious toleration"

text: "should breathe feelings of generosity, benevolence and religious toleration"

question: What year was the Indian Rebellion?

question: What company was dissolved before the Indian Rebellion?

text: British East India Company

question: Who didn't the Queen condemn in the Indian Rebellion?

text: British East India Company

question: What company ruled none of India before the end of the Indian Rebellion?

text: British East India Company

question: Who encouraged Victoria to issue an unofficial statement on the conflict of the civil war in India?

text: Albert,


text: On the eve of America's entry into World War II, CAA began to extend its ATC responsibilities to takeoff and landing operations at airports. This expanded role eventually became permanent after the war. The application of radar to ATC helped controllers in their drive to keep abreast of the postwar boom in commercial air transportation. In 1946, meanwhile, Congress gave CAA the added task of administering the federal-aid airport program, the first peacetime program of financial assistance aimed exclusively at promoting development of the nation's civil airports.

title: Federal_Aviation_Administration

title: Federal_Aviation_Administration

text: On

text: the

text: eve

text: of

text: America

text: 's

text: entry

text: into

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: CAA

text: began

text: to

text: extend

text: its

text: ATC

text: responsibilities

text: to

text: takeoff

text: and

text: landing

text: operations

text: at

text: airports

text: This

text: expanded

text: role

text: eventually

text: became

text: permanent

text: after

text: the

text: war

text: The

text: application

text: of

text: radar

text: to

text: ATC

text: helped

text: controllers

text: in

text: their

text: drive

text: to

text: keep

text: abreast

text: of

text: the

text: postwar

text: boom

text: in

text: commercial

text: air

text: transportation

text: In

text: meanwhile

text: Congress

text: gave

text: CAA

text: the

text: added

text: task

text: of

text: administering

text: the

text: federal

text: aid

text: airport

text: program

text: the

text: first

text: peacetime

text: program

text: of

text: financial

text: assistance

text: aimed

text: exclusively

text: at

text: promoting

text: development

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: civil

text: airports

question: When did the CAA begin to exptend it's ATC responsibilities?

answer: World War II

text: World War II

question: What helped ATC controllers in their drive ot keep ahead of the postwar boom in commercial air transportation?

answer: radar

text: radar

question: When did Congress give the CAA the task of administering the federal-air airport program?

answer: 1946

question: What did the federal-aid airport program aim to help develop?

answer: civil airports

text: civil airports

question: When did America enter World War II?

question: When did the CAA begin to extend it's ATC responsibilities at military airports?

text: World War II

question: What was the first wartime program of financial assistance  aimed at promoting the development of civil airports?

text: the federal-aid airport program

question: When did congress extend it's ATC responsibilities to takeoff and landing operations at airports?

question: When did radar technology become permanent?

text: after the war


text: Thus, Buckingham Palace is a symbol and home of the British monarchy, an art gallery and a tourist attraction. Behind the gilded railings and gates which were completed by the Bromsgrove Guild in 1911 and Webb's famous façade, which has been described in a book published by the Royal Collection as looking "like everybody's idea of a palace", is not only a weekday home of the Queen and Prince Philip but also the London residence of the Duke of York and the Earl and Countess of Wessex. The palace also houses the offices of the Queen, Prince Philip, Duke of York, Earl and Countess of Wessex, Princess Royal, and Princess Alexandra, and is the workplace of more than 800 people.

title: Buckingham_Palace

title: Buckingham_Palace

text: Thus

text: Buckingham

text: Palace

text: is

text: a

text: symbol

text: and

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: British

text: monarchy

text: an

text: art

text: gallery

text: and

text: a

text: tourist

text: attraction

text: Behind

text: the

text: gilded

text: railings

text: and

text: gates

text: which

text: were

text: completed

text: by

text: the

text: Bromsgrove

text: Guild

text: in

text: and

text: Webb

text: 's

text: famous

text: façade

text: which

text: has

text: been

text: described

text: in

text: a

text: book

text: published

text: by

text: the

text: Royal

text: Collection

text: as

text: looking

text: like

text: everybody

text: 's

text: idea

text: of

text: a

text: palace

text: is

text: not

text: only

text: a

text: weekday

text: home

text: of

text: the

text: Queen

text: and

text: Prince

text: Philip

text: but

text: also

text: the

text: London

text: residence

text: of

text: the

text: Duke

text: of

text: York

text: and

text: the

text: Earl

text: and

text: Countess

text: of

text: Wessex

text: The

text: palace

text: also

text: houses

text: the

text: offices

text: of

text: the

text: Queen

text: Prince

text: Philip

text: Duke

text: of

text: York

text: Earl

text: and

text: Countess

text: of

text: Wessex

text: Princess

text: Royal

text: and

text: Princess

text: Alexandra

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: workplace

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: people

question: Aside from being the home of the monarchy and a tourist attraction, what else is Buckingham Palace known for?

answer: art gallery

text: art gallery

question: Who made the palaces gilded railings and gates?

answer: Bromsgrove Guild

text: Bromsgrove Guild

question: Buckingham Palace is also the London Residence for which Duke?

answer: Duke of York

text: Duke of York

question: Who is Buckingham palace home to?

answer: the British monarchy

text: the British monarchy

question: Who completed the palaces gilded railing and gates?

answer: Bromsgrove Guild

text: Bromsgrove Guild

question: In what year were the railings and gates completed?

answer: 1911

question: How many people work at Buckingham Palace?

answer: 800 people

text: 800 people

question: Who stole the palaces gilded railings and gates?

text: Bromsgrove Guild

question: How many people were fired from Buckingham Palace?

text: more than 800

question: Who is Buckingham palace restricted from?

text: the British monarchy

question: What year were the railings and gates stolen?

question: Which Duke is not allowed at Buckingham Palace?

text: Duke of York


text: Being one of the four ancient capitals of China, Nanjing has always been a cultural centre attracting intellectuals from all over the country. In the Tang and Song dynasties, Nanjing was a place where poets gathered and composed poems reminiscent of its luxurious past; during the Ming and Qing dynasties, the city was the official imperial examination centre (Jiangnan Examination Hall) for the Jiangnan region, again acting as a hub where different thoughts and opinions converged and thrived.

title: Nanjing

title: Nanjing

text: Being

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: four

text: ancient

text: capitals

text: of

text: China

text: Nanjing

text: has

text: always

text: been

text: a

text: cultural

text: centre

text: attracting

text: intellectuals

text: from

text: all

text: over

text: the

text: country

text: In

text: the

text: Tang

text: and

text: Song

text: dynasties

text: Nanjing

text: was

text: a

text: place

text: where

text: poets

text: gathered

text: and

text: composed

text: poems

text: reminiscent

text: of

text: its

text: luxurious

text: past

text: during

text: the

text: Ming

text: and

text: Qing

text: dynasties

text: the

text: city

text: was

text: the

text: official

text: imperial

text: examination

text: centre

text: Jiangnan

text: Examination

text: Hall

text: for

text: the

text: Jiangnan

text: region

text: again

text: acting

text: as

text: a

text: hub

text: where

text: different

text: thoughts

text: and

text: opinions

text: converged

text: and

text: thrived

question: How many ancient capitals does China have in its history?

answer: four

text: four

question: What type of people does Nanjing draw because of its culture?

answer: intellectuals

text: intellectuals

question: In what dynasties did poets congregate in Nanjing?

answer: the Tang and Song dynasties

text: the Tang and Song dynasties

question: When did the city serve as the official imperial examination centre?

answer: the Ming and Qing dynasties

text: the Ming and Qing dynasties

question: What was the name of the examination centre?

answer: Jiangnan Examination Hall

text: Jiangnan Examination Hall


text: Duplications play a major role in shaping the genome. Duplication may range from extension of short tandem repeats, to duplication of a cluster of genes, and all the way to duplication of entire chromosomes or even entire genomes. Such duplications are probably fundamental to the creation of genetic novelty.

title: Genome

title: Genome

text: Duplications

text: play

text: a

text: major

text: role

text: in

text: shaping

text: the

text: genome

text: Duplication

text: may

text: range

text: from

text: extension

text: of

text: short

text: tandem

text: repeats

text: to

text: duplication

text: of

text: a

text: cluster

text: of

text: genes

text: and

text: all

text: the

text: way

text: to

text: duplication

text: of

text: entire

text: chromosomes

text: or

text: even

text: entire

text: genomes

text: Such

text: duplications

text: are

text: probably

text: fundamental

text: to

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: genetic

text: novelty

question: What type of generation of genetic material has a big part in making the genome what it is?

answer: Duplications

text: Duplications

question: What is a possible product of duplications?

answer: genetic novelty

text: genetic novelty

question: What role does genetic novelty play in the genome?

text: a major role

question: What is the first range of genetic novelty?

question: What are gene clusters a large part of?

text: the creation of genetic novelty

question: How far can genetic novelty go?

question: What is the first example of genetic novelty?

text: extension of short tandem repeats


text: Carnival means weeks of events that bring colourfully decorated floats, contagiously throbbing music, luxuriously costumed groups of celebrants of all ages, King and Queen elections, electrifying jump-ups and torchlight parades, the Jouvert morning: the Children's Parades and finally the Grand Parade. Aruba's biggest celebration is a month-long affair consisting of festive "jump-ups" (street parades), spectacular parades and creative contests. Music and flamboyant costumes play a central role, from the Queen elections to the Grand Parade. Street parades continue in various districts throughout the month, with brass band, steel drum and roadmarch tunes. On the evening before Lent, Carnival ends with the symbolic burning of King Momo.

title: Carnival

title: Carnival

text: Carnival

text: means

text: weeks

text: of

text: events

text: that

text: bring

text: colourfully

text: decorated

text: floats

text: contagiously

text: throbbing

text: music

text: luxuriously

text: costumed

text: groups

text: of

text: celebrants

text: of

text: all

text: ages

text: King

text: and

text: Queen

text: elections

text: electrifying

text: jump

text: ups

text: and

text: torchlight

text: parades

text: the

text: Jouvert

text: morning

text: the

text: Children

text: 's

text: Parades

text: and

text: finally

text: the

text: Grand

text: Parade

text: Aruba

text: 's

text: biggest

text: celebration

text: is

text: a

text: month

text: long

text: affair

text: consisting

text: of

text: festive

text: jump

text: ups

text: street

text: parades

text: spectacular

text: parades

text: and

text: creative

text: contests

text: Music

text: and

text: flamboyant

text: costumes

text: play

text: a

text: central

text: role

text: from

text: the

text: Queen

text: elections

text: to

text: the

text: Grand

text: Parade

text: Street

text: parades

text: continue

text: in

text: various

text: districts

text: throughout

text: the

text: month

text: with

text: brass

text: band

text: steel

text: drum

text: and

text: roadmarch

text: tunes

text: On

text: the

text: evening

text: before

text: Lent

text: Carnival

text: ends

text: with

text: the

text: symbolic

text: burning

text: of

text: King

text: Momo

question: What contagiously throbs during the week of events?

answer: music

text: music

question: How long does Aruba's biggest celebration last?

answer: a month

text: a month

question: What type of costumes play a central role in the Queen elections?

answer: flamboyant

text: flamboyant

question: What continues in various districts throughout the month of the Carnival?

answer: Street parades

text: Street parades

question: When is King Mom symbolically burnt?

answer: On the evening before Lent

text: On the evening before Lent


text: The heyday of mosaic making in Sicily was the age of the independent Norman kingdom in the 12th century. The Norman kings adopted the Byzantine tradition of mosaic decoration to enhance the somewhat dubious legality of their rule. Greek masters working in Sicily developed their own style, that shows the influence of Western European and Islamic artistic tendencies. Best examples of Sicilian mosaic art are the Cappella Palatina of Roger II, the Martorana church in Palermo and the cathedrals of Cefalù and Monreale.

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: The

text: heyday

text: of

text: mosaic

text: making

text: in

text: Sicily

text: was

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: the

text: independent

text: Norman

text: kingdom

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: Norman

text: kings

text: adopted

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: tradition

text: of

text: mosaic

text: decoration

text: to

text: enhance

text: the

text: somewhat

text: dubious

text: legality

text: of

text: their

text: rule

text: Greek

text: masters

text: working

text: in

text: Sicily

text: developed

text: their

text: own

text: style

text: that

text: shows

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: Western

text: European

text: and

text: Islamic

text: artistic

text: tendencies

text: Best

text: examples

text: of

text: Sicilian

text: mosaic

text: art

text: are

text: the

text: Cappella

text: Palatina

text: of

text: Roger

text: II

text: the

text: Martorana

text: church

text: in

text: Palermo

text: and

text: the

text: cathedrals

text: of

text: Cefalù

text: and

text: Monreale

question: when was the height of mosaic art in sicily?

answer: the 12th century

text: the 12th century

question: Who adopted the Byzantine mosaic tradition?

answer: Norman kings

text: Norman kings

question: Why did the Normans adopt a Byzantine art style?

answer: enhance the somewhat dubious legality of their rule

text: enhance the somewhat dubious legality of their rule

question: Who was influenced by Western European and Islamic tendencies?

answer: Greek masters working in Sicily

text: Greek masters working in Sicily

question: The Martorana church is an example of the best mosaic art in what part italy?

answer: Sicily

text: Sicily


text: The Cubist contribution to the 1912 Salon d'Automne created scandal regarding the use of government owned buildings, such as the Grand Palais, to exhibit such artwork. The indignation of the politician Jean Pierre Philippe Lampué made the front page of Le Journal, 5 October 1912. The controversy spread to the Municipal Council of Paris, leading to a debate in the Chambre des Députés about the use of public funds to provide the venue for such art. The Cubists were defended by the Socialist deputy, Marcel Sembat.

title: Cubism

title: Cubism

text: The

text: Cubist

text: contribution

text: to

text: the

text: Salon

text: d'Automne

text: created

text: scandal

text: regarding

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: government

text: owned

text: buildings

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Grand

text: Palais

text: to

text: exhibit

text: such

text: artwork

text: The

text: indignation

text: of

text: the

text: politician

text: Jean

text: Pierre

text: Philippe

text: Lampué

text: made

text: the

text: front

text: page

text: of

text: Le

text: Journal

text: October

text: The

text: controversy

text: spread

text: to

text: the

text: Municipal

text: Council

text: of

text: Paris

text: leading

text: to

text: a

text: debate

text: in

text: the

text: Chambre

text: des

text: Députés

text: about

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: public

text: funds

text: to

text: provide

text: the

text: venue

text: for

text: such

text: art

text: The

text: Cubists

text: were

text: defended

text: by

text: the

text: Socialist

text: deputy

text: Marcel

text: Sembat

question: Which politician made the front page of Le Journa in 1912 for his indignation?

answer: Jean Pierre Philippe Lampué

text: Jean Pierre Philippe Lampué

question: Who defended the Cubists in the controversy of 1912?

answer: Socialist deputy, Marcel Sembat.

text: Socialist deputy, Marcel Sembat.

question: Towards which social topic did the Cubists  at the Salon d'Automne creat contrevesy towards?

answer: the use of government owned buildings,

text: the use of government owned buildings,

question: Which politician made the front page of Le Journa in 1913 for his indignation?

text: Jean Pierre Philippe Lampué

question: Who defended the Cubists in the controversy of 1915?

text: Socialist deputy

question: Towards which social topic did the Cubists at the Salon d'Automne not create controversy towards?

text: use of public funds to

question: What happened in 1911?


text: Before signing a developmental agreement with the Kane County Cougars in 2012, the Cubs had a Class A minor league affiliation on two occasions with the Peoria Chiefs (1985–1995 and 2004–2012). Ryne Sandberg managed the Chiefs from 2006 to 2010. In the period between those associations with the Chiefs the club had affiliations with the Dayton Dragons and Lansing Lugnuts. The Lugnuts were often affectionately referred to by Chip Caray as "Steve Stone's favorite team." The 2007 developmental contract with the Tennessee Smokies was preceded by Double A affiliations with the Orlando Cubs and West Tenn Diamond Jaxx. On September 16, 2014 the Cubs announced a move of their top Class A affiliate from Daytona in the Florida State League to Myrtle Beach in the Carolina League for the 2015 season. Two days later, on the 18th, the Cubs signed a 4-year player development contract with the South Bend Silver Hawks of the Midwest League, ending their brief relationship with the Kane County Cougars and shortly thereafter renaming the Silver Hawks the South Bend Cubs.

title: Chicago_Cubs

title: Chicago_Cubs

text: Before

text: signing

text: a

text: developmental

text: agreement

text: with

text: the

text: Kane

text: County

text: Cougars

text: in

text: the

text: Cubs

text: had

text: a

text: Class

text: A

text: minor

text: league

text: affiliation

text: on

text: two

text: occasions

text: with

text: the

text: Peoria

text: Chiefs

text: and

text: Ryne

text: Sandberg

text: managed

text: the

text: Chiefs

text: from

text: to

text: In

text: the

text: period

text: between

text: those

text: associations

text: with

text: the

text: Chiefs

text: the

text: club

text: had

text: affiliations

text: with

text: the

text: Dayton

text: Dragons

text: and

text: Lansing

text: Lugnuts

text: The

text: Lugnuts

text: were

text: often

text: affectionately

text: referred

text: to

text: by

text: Chip

text: Caray

text: as

text: Steve

text: Stone

text: 's

text: favorite

text: team

text: The

text: developmental

text: contract

text: with

text: the

text: Tennessee

text: Smokies

text: was

text: preceded

text: by

text: Double

text: A

text: affiliations

text: with

text: the

text: Orlando

text: Cubs

text: and

text: West

text: Tenn

text: Diamond

text: Jaxx

text: On

text: September

text: the

text: Cubs

text: announced

text: a

text: move

text: of

text: their

text: top

text: Class

text: A

text: affiliate

text: from

text: Daytona

text: in

text: the

text: Florida

text: State

text: League

text: to

text: Myrtle

text: Beach

text: in

text: the

text: Carolina

text: League

text: for

text: the

text: season

text: Two

text: days

text: later

text: on

text: the

text: the

text: Cubs

text: signed

text: a

text: player

text: development

text: contract

text: with

text: the

text: South

text: Bend

text: Silver

text: Hawks

text: of

text: the

text: Midwest

text: League

text: ending

text: their

text: brief

text: relationship

text: with

text: the

text: Kane

text: County

text: Cougars

text: and

text: shortly

text: thereafter

text: renaming

text: the

text: Silver

text: Hawks

text: the

text: South

text: Bend

text: Cubs

question: When did the Cubs sign a developmental agreement with the Kane County Cougars?

answer: 2012

question: The Cubs had a Class A minor league affiliation on two occasions with who?

answer: Peoria Chiefs

text: Peoria Chiefs

question: When did the Cubs announce a move of their top class A affiliate from Daytona to Myrtle Beach?

answer: September 16, 2014

text: September 16, 2014


text: The Gregorian reform contained two parts: a reform of the Julian calendar as used prior to Pope Gregory XIII's time and a reform of the lunar cycle used by the Church, with the Julian calendar, to calculate the date of Easter. The reform was a modification of a proposal made by Aloysius Lilius. His proposal included reducing the number of leap years in four centuries from 100 to 97, by making 3 out of 4 centurial years common instead of leap years. Lilius also produced an original and practical scheme for adjusting the epacts of the moon when calculating the annual date of Easter, solving a long-standing obstacle to calendar reform.

title: Gregorian_calendar

title: Gregorian_calendar

text: The

text: Gregorian

text: reform

text: contained

text: two

text: parts

text: a

text: reform

text: of

text: the

text: Julian

text: calendar

text: as

text: used

text: prior

text: to

text: Pope

text: Gregory

text: XIII

text: 's

text: time

text: and

text: a

text: reform

text: of

text: the

text: lunar

text: cycle

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: Church

text: with

text: the

text: Julian

text: calendar

text: to

text: calculate

text: the

text: date

text: of

text: Easter

text: The

text: reform

text: was

text: a

text: modification

text: of

text: a

text: proposal

text: made

text: by

text: Aloysius

text: Lilius

text: His

text: proposal

text: included

text: reducing

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: leap

text: years

text: in

text: four

text: centuries

text: from

text: to

text: by

text: making

text: out

text: of

text: centurial

text: years

text: common

text: instead

text: of

text: leap

text: years

text: Lilius

text: also

text: produced

text: an

text: original

text: and

text: practical

text: scheme

text: for

text: adjusting

text: the

text: epacts

text: of

text: the

text: moon

text: when

text: calculating

text: the

text: annual

text: date

text: of

text: Easter

text: solving

text: a

text: long

text: standing

text: obstacle

text: to

text: calendar

text: reform

question: How many parts did the Gregorian calendar reform have?

answer: two parts

text: two parts

question: What was the first reform concerning the calendar?

answer: Julian calendar

text: Julian calendar

question: What was the second reform of the calendar?

answer: lunar cycle

text: lunar cycle

question: What was calculated using the lunar calendar?

answer: date of Easter

text: date of Easter

question: What did Lilius's calendar plan to reduce in every 400 years?

answer: number of leap years

text: number of leap years

question: How many parts did the Gregorian reform have?

text: two parts

question: What calendar was changed by the Julia reform?

text: Julian calendar

question: What reform change the lunar cycle used by pagans?

text: The Gregorian reform

question: Who oppose the proposal for the reform?

text: Aloysius Lilius

question: Whose reform included increasing the number of leap years and for centuries?

text: Aloysius Lilius


text: Towns such as Castle Cary and Frome grew around the medieval weaving industry. Street developed as a centre for the production of woollen slippers and, later, boots and shoes, with C. & J. Clark establishing its headquarters in the town. C&J Clark's shoes are no longer manufactured there as the work was transferred to lower-wage areas, such as China and Asia. Instead, in 1993, redundant factory buildings were converted to form Clarks Village, the first purpose-built factory outlet in the UK. C&J Clark also had shoe factories, at one time at Bridgwater, Minehead, Westfield and Weston super Mare to provide employment outside the main summer tourist season, but those satellite sites were closed in the late 1980s, before the main site at Street. Dr. Martens shoes were also made in Somerset, by the Northampton-based R. Griggs Group, using redundant skilled shoemakers from C&J Clark; that work has also been transferred to Asia.

title: Somerset

title: Somerset

text: Towns

text: such

text: as

text: Castle

text: Cary

text: and

text: Frome

text: grew

text: around

text: the

text: medieval

text: weaving

text: industry

text: Street

text: developed

text: as

text: a

text: centre

text: for

text: the

text: production

text: of

text: woollen

text: slippers

text: and

text: later

text: boots

text: and

text: shoes

text: with

text: C.

text: J.

text: Clark

text: establishing

text: its

text: headquarters

text: in

text: the

text: town

text: C&J

text: Clark

text: 's

text: shoes

text: are

text: no

text: longer

text: manufactured

text: there

text: as

text: the

text: work

text: was

text: transferred

text: to

text: lower

text: wage

text: areas

text: such

text: as

text: China

text: and

text: Asia

text: Instead

text: in

text: redundant

text: factory

text: buildings

text: were

text: converted

text: to

text: form

text: Clarks

text: Village

text: the

text: first

text: purpose

text: built

text: factory

text: outlet

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: C&J

text: Clark

text: also

text: had

text: shoe

text: factories

text: at

text: one

text: time

text: at

text: Bridgwater

text: Minehead

text: Westfield

text: and

text: Weston

text: super

text: Mare

text: to

text: provide

text: employment

text: outside

text: the

text: main

text: summer

text: tourist

text: season

text: but

text: those

text: satellite

text: sites

text: were

text: closed

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: before

text: the

text: main

text: site

text: at

text: Street

text: Dr.

text: Martens

text: shoes

text: were

text: also

text: made

text: in

text: Somerset

text: by

text: the

text: Northampton

text: based

text: R.

text: Griggs

text: Group

text: using

text: redundant

text: skilled

text: shoemakers

text: from

text: C&J

text: Clark

text: that

text: work

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: transferred

text: to

text: Asia

question: What towns grew around the weaving Industry

answer: Castle Cary and Frome grew around the medieval weaving industry

text: Castle Cary and Frome grew around the medieval weaving industry

question: Why did Cj clark shoes leave the area

answer: the work was transferred to lower-wage areas, such as China and Asia

text: the work was transferred to lower-wage areas, such as China and Asia

question: What famous shoe brand was made in Somerset

answer: Dr. Martens shoes were also made in Somerset, by the Northampton-based R. Griggs Group

text: Dr. Martens shoes were also made in Somerset, by the Northampton-based R. Griggs Group

question: When did C.&J. Clark shut down operations in Somerset?

question: When were Dr. Martens shoes no longer made in Somerset?

question: What was the second purpose-built factory outlet in the UK?

text: Clarks Village

question: What village outside of Street was the first to have one of C.&J. Clark's satellite sites?

text: Westfield


text: On December 8, 1991, at Viskuli near Brest (Belarus), the President of the Russian SFSR and the heads of Byelorussian SSR and Ukrainian SSR signed the "Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States" (known in media as Belavezha Accords). The document, consisting of a preamble and fourteen articles, stated that the Soviet Union ceased to exist as a subject of international law and geopolitical reality. However, based on the historical community of peoples, relations between them, given the bilateral treaties, the desire for a democratic rule of law, the intention to develop their relations based on mutual recognition and respect for state sovereignty, the parties agreed to the formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States. On December 12, the agreement was ratified by the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR by an overwhelming majority: 188 votes for, 6 against, 7 abstentions. On the same day, the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR denounced the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR and recalled all Russian deputies from the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The legality of this act is the subject of discussions because, according to the 1978 Constitution (Basic Law) of the Russian SFSR, the Russian Supreme Soviet had no right to do so. However, by this time the Soviet government had been rendered more or less impotent, and was in no position to object. Although the December 12 vote is sometimes reckoned as the moment that the RSFSR seceded from the collapsing Soviet Union, this is not the case. It appears that the RSFSR took the line that it was not possible to secede from an entity that no longer existed.

title: Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic

text: On

text: December

text: at

text: Viskuli

text: near

text: Brest

text: Belarus

text: the

text: President

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: SFSR

text: and

text: the

text: heads

text: of

text: Byelorussian

text: SSR

text: and

text: Ukrainian

text: SSR

text: signed

text: the

text: Agreement

text: on

text: the

text: Establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Independent

text: States

text: known

text: in

text: media

text: as

text: Belavezha

text: Accords

text: The

text: document

text: consisting

text: of

text: a

text: preamble

text: and

text: fourteen

text: articles

text: stated

text: that

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: ceased

text: to

text: exist

text: as

text: a

text: subject

text: of

text: international

text: law

text: and

text: geopolitical

text: reality

text: However

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: historical

text: community

text: of

text: peoples

text: relations

text: between

text: them

text: given

text: the

text: bilateral

text: treaties

text: the

text: desire

text: for

text: a

text: democratic

text: rule

text: of

text: law

text: the

text: intention

text: to

text: develop

text: their

text: relations

text: based

text: on

text: mutual

text: recognition

text: and

text: respect

text: for

text: state

text: sovereignty

text: the

text: parties

text: agreed

text: to

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: the

text: Commonwealth

text: of

text: Independent

text: States

text: On

text: December

text: the

text: agreement

text: was

text: ratified

text: by

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Soviet

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: SFSR

text: by

text: an

text: overwhelming

text: majority

text: votes

text: for

text: against

text: abstentions

text: On

text: the

text: same

text: day

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Soviet

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: SFSR

text: denounced

text: the

text: Treaty

text: on

text: the

text: Creation

text: of

text: the

text: USSR

text: and

text: recalled

text: all

text: Russian

text: deputies

text: from

text: the

text: Supreme

text: Soviet

text: of

text: the

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: The

text: legality

text: of

text: this

text: act

text: is

text: the

text: subject

text: of

text: discussions

text: because

text: according

text: to

text: the

text: Constitution

text: Basic

text: Law

text: of

text: the

text: Russian

text: SFSR

text: the

text: Russian

text: Supreme

text: Soviet

text: had

text: no

text: right

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: However

text: by

text: this

text: time

text: the

text: Soviet

text: government

text: had

text: been

text: rendered

text: more

text: or

text: less

text: impotent

text: and

text: was

text: in

text: no

text: position

text: to

text: object

text: Although

text: the

text: December

text: vote

text: is

text: sometimes

text: reckoned

text: as

text: the

text: moment

text: that

text: the

text: RSFSR

text: seceded

text: from

text: the

text: collapsing

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: this

text: is

text: not

text: the

text: case

text: It

text: appears

text: that

text: the

text: RSFSR

text: took

text: the

text: line

text: that

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: possible

text: to

text: secede

text: from

text: an

text: entity

text: that

text: no

text: longer

text: existed

question: In what country is Viskuli located?

answer: Belarus

text: Belarus

question: On what date was the Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States signed?

answer: December 8, 1991

text: December 8, 1991

question: What is another name for the Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States?

answer: Belavezha Accords

text: Belavezha Accords

question: What body ratified the Belavezha Accords on December 12?

answer: the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR

text: the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR

question: The Belavezha Accords consisted of how many articles?

answer: fourteen

text: fourteen

question: In what country is Viskuli not located?

text: Belarus

question: On what date was the Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States rejected?

text: December 8, 1991

question: What isn't another name for the Agreement on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States?

text: Belavezha Accords

question: What body ratified the Belavezha Accords on December 21?

text: the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR

question: What body rejected the Belavezha Accords on December 12?

text: the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR


text: The British had already arranged licence building of the Bofors 40 mm, and introduced these into service. These had the power to knock down aircraft of any size, yet were light enough to be mobile and easily swung. The gun became so important to the British war effort that they even produced a movie, The Gun, that encouraged workers on the assembly line to work harder. The Imperial measurement production drawings the British had developed were supplied to the Americans who produced their own (unlicensed) copy of the 40 mm at the start of the war, moving to licensed production in mid-1941.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: The

text: British

text: had

text: already

text: arranged

text: licence

text: building

text: of

text: the

text: Bofors

text: mm

text: and

text: introduced

text: these

text: into

text: service

text: These

text: had

text: the

text: power

text: to

text: knock

text: down

text: aircraft

text: of

text: any

text: size

text: yet

text: were

text: light

text: enough

text: to

text: be

text: mobile

text: and

text: easily

text: swung

text: The

text: gun

text: became

text: so

text: important

text: to

text: the

text: British

text: war

text: effort

text: that

text: they

text: even

text: produced

text: a

text: movie

text: The

text: Gun

text: that

text: encouraged

text: workers

text: on

text: the

text: assembly

text: line

text: to

text: work

text: harder

text: The

text: Imperial

text: measurement

text: production

text: drawings

text: the

text: British

text: had

text: developed

text: were

text: supplied

text: to

text: the

text: Americans

text: who

text: produced

text: their

text: own

text: unlicensed

text: copy

text: of

text: the

text: mm

text: at

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: moving

text: to

text: licensed

text: production

text: in

question: What did the British get a license to build?

answer: the Bofors 40 mm

text: the Bofors 40 mm

question: While light, the Bofors 40mm were powerful enough to take down what size aircraft?

answer: aircraft of any size

text: aircraft of any size

question: What was produced to inspire people on the assembly line to work harder?

answer: a movie

text: a movie

question: What was the movie made to inspire assembly line workers called?

answer: The Gun

text: The Gun

question: Who started making an unlicensed version of the 40mm at the beginning of the war?

answer: Americans

text: Americans


text: Many towns in Croatia's Kvarner region (and in other parts of the country) observe the Carnival period, incorporating local traditions and celebrating local culture. Just before the end of Carnival, every Kvarner town burns a man-like doll called a "Jure Piškanac", who is blamed for all the strife of the previous year. The Zvončari, or bell-ringers, wear bells and large head regalia representing their areas of origin (for example, those from Halubje wear regalia in the shape of animal heads). The traditional Carnival food is fritule, a pastry. This festival can also be called Poklade.

title: Carnival

title: Carnival

text: Many

text: towns

text: in

text: Croatia

text: 's

text: Kvarner

text: region

text: and

text: in

text: other

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: observe

text: the

text: Carnival

text: period

text: incorporating

text: local

text: traditions

text: and

text: celebrating

text: local

text: culture

text: Just

text: before

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: Carnival

text: every

text: Kvarner

text: town

text: burns

text: a

text: man

text: like

text: doll

text: called

text: a

text: Jure

text: Piškanac

text: who

text: is

text: blamed

text: for

text: all

text: the

text: strife

text: of

text: the

text: previous

text: year

text: The

text: Zvončari

text: or

text: bell

text: ringers

text: wear

text: bells

text: and

text: large

text: head

text: regalia

text: representing

text: their

text: areas

text: of

text: origin

text: for

text: example

text: those

text: from

text: Halubje

text: wear

text: regalia

text: in

text: the

text: shape

text: of

text: animal

text: heads

text: The

text: traditional

text: Carnival

text: food

text: is

text: fritule

text: a

text: pastry

text: This

text: festival

text: can

text: also

text: be

text: called

text: Poklade

question: Many towns in what region of Croatia observe the Carnival period?

answer: Kvarner

text: Kvarner

question: What does every Kvarner town burn just before the end of the Carnival?

answer: a man-like doll

text: a man-like doll

question: Who is blamed for all the strife of the previous year?

answer: Jure Piškanac

text: Jure Piškanac

question: What does the head regalia of the bell-ringers represent?

answer: their areas of origin

text: their areas of origin

question: What is the traditional Carnival food?

answer: fritule

text: fritule


text: Norfolk Island was colonised by East Polynesians but was long unpeopled when it was settled by Great Britain as part of its settlement of Australia from 1788. The island served as a convict penal settlement from 6 March 1788 until 5 May 1855, except for an 11-year hiatus between 15 February 1814 and 6 June 1825, when it lay abandoned. On 8 June 1856, permanent civilian residence on the island began when it was settled from Pitcairn Island. In 1913, the UK handed Norfolk over to Australia to administer as an external territory.

title: Norfolk_Island

title: Norfolk_Island

text: Norfolk

text: Island

text: was

text: colonised

text: by

text: East

text: Polynesians

text: but

text: was

text: long

text: unpeopled

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: settled

text: by

text: Great

text: Britain

text: as

text: part

text: of

text: its

text: settlement

text: of

text: Australia

text: from

text: The

text: island

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: convict

text: penal

text: settlement

text: from

text: March

text: until

text: May

text: except

text: for

text: an

text: hiatus

text: between

text: February

text: and

text: June

text: when

text: it

text: lay

text: abandoned

text: On

text: June

text: permanent

text: civilian

text: residence

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: began

text: when

text: it

text: was

text: settled

text: from

text: Pitcairn

text: Island

text: In

text: the

text: UK

text: handed

text: Norfolk

text: over

text: to

text: Australia

text: to

text: administer

text: as

text: an

text: external

text: territory

question: Who was Norfolk Island colonised by?

answer: East Polynesians

text: East Polynesians

question: What purpose did Norfolk Island serve for the majority of the time from 1788 until 1855?

answer: a convict penal settlement

text: a convict penal settlement

question: What date did civilians begin to permanently reside in Norfolk Island?

answer: 8 June 1856

text: 8 June 1856

question: Where did the first permanent civilians of Norfolk Island settle from in 1856?

answer: Pitcairn Island

text: Pitcairn Island

question: In what year did the UK hand Norfolk Island over to Australia to administrate?

answer: 1913

question: Who was Norfolk Island destroyed by?

text: East Polynesians

question: What purpose did Norfolk Island avoid for the majority of the time from 1788 until 1855?

text: a convict penal settlement

question: What date did civilians begin to permanently leave Norfolk Island?

text: 8 June 1856

question: Where were the first permanent civilians of Norfolk Island banned from in 1856?

text: Pitcairn Island

question: What year did the UK hand Norfolk Island over to America to administrate?


text: "Azure, three ships with three masts, rigged and under full sail, the sails, pennants and ensigns Argent, each charged with a cross Gules; on a chief of the second a pale quarterly Azure and Gules, on the 1st and 4th a fleur-de-lis or, on the 2nd and 3rd a leopard or, between two roses Gules seeded Or barbed Vert." The shield had as a crest: "A sphere without a frame, bounded with the Zodiac in bend Or, between two pennants flottant Argent, each charged with a cross Gules, over the sphere the words DEUS INDICAT" (Latin: God Indicates). The supporters were two sea lions (lions with fishes' tails) and the motto was DEO DUCENTE NIL NOCET (Latin: Where God Leads, Nothing Hurts).

title: East_India_Company

title: East_India_Company

text: Azure

text: three

text: ships

text: with

text: three

text: masts

text: rigged

text: and

text: under

text: full

text: sail

text: the

text: sails

text: pennants

text: and

text: ensigns

text: Argent

text: each

text: charged

text: with

text: a

text: cross

text: Gules

text: on

text: a

text: chief

text: of

text: the

text: second

text: a

text: pale

text: quarterly

text: Azure

text: and

text: Gules

text: on

text: the

text: and

text: a

text: fleur

text: de

text: lis

text: or

text: on

text: the

text: and

text: a

text: leopard

text: or

text: between

text: two

text: roses

text: Gules

text: seeded

text: Or

text: barbed

text: Vert

text: The

text: shield

text: had

text: as

text: a

text: crest

text: A

text: sphere

text: without

text: a

text: frame

text: bounded

text: with

text: the

text: Zodiac

text: in

text: bend

text: Or

text: between

text: two

text: pennants

text: flottant

text: Argent

text: each

text: charged

text: with

text: a

text: cross

text: Gules

text: over

text: the

text: sphere

text: the

text: words

text: DEUS

text: INDICAT

text: Latin

text: God

text: Indicates

text: The

text: supporters

text: were

text: two

text: sea

text: lions

text: lions

text: with

text: fishes

text: tails

text: and

text: the

text: motto

text: was

text: DEO

text: DUCENTE

text: NOCET

text: Latin

text: Where

text: God

text: Leads

text: Nothing

text: Hurts

question: What does DEUS INDICAT mean?

answer: God Indicates

text: God Indicates

question: what type of flowers did Gules use?

answer: roses

text: roses

question: after the DEUS INDICAT what type of sea animals were pictured?

answer: sea lions

text: sea lions

question: in the above quote how many ship and masts were indicated?

answer: three

text: three

question: What animal was listed as part of the four fleur-de-lis in the above quote

answer: leopard

text: leopard

question: What does DEUS INDICAT no longer mean in Latin?

text: God Indicates

question: What type of flowers did Gules avoid?

text: roses

question: What type of land animals were pictured on the shield crest under the DEUS INDICAT?

text: sea lions

question: What does DEO DUCENTE NIL NOCET mean in Russian?

text: Where God Leads, Nothing Hurts


text: With limited resources Muawiyah went about creating allies. Muawiyah married Maysum the daughter of the chief of the Kalb tribe, that was a large Jacobite Christian Arab tribe in Syria. His marriage to Maysum was politically motivated. The Kalb tribe had remained largely neutral when the Muslims first went into Syria. After the plague that killed much of the Muslim Army in Syria, by marrying Maysum, Muawiyah started to use the Jacobite Christians, against the Romans. Muawiya's wife Maysum (Yazid's mother) was also a Jacobite Christian. With limited resources and the Byzantine just over the border, Muawiyah worked in cooperation with the local Christian population. To stop Byzantine harassment from the sea during the Arab-Byzantine Wars, in 649 Muawiyah set up a navy; manned by Monophysitise Christians, Copts and Jacobite Syrian Christians sailors and Muslim troops.

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

text: With

text: limited

text: resources

text: Muawiyah

text: went

text: about

text: creating

text: allies

text: Muawiyah

text: married

text: Maysum

text: the

text: daughter

text: of

text: the

text: chief

text: of

text: the

text: Kalb

text: tribe

text: that

text: was

text: a

text: large

text: Jacobite

text: Christian

text: Arab

text: tribe

text: in

text: Syria

text: His

text: marriage

text: to

text: Maysum

text: was

text: politically

text: motivated

text: The

text: Kalb

text: tribe

text: had

text: remained

text: largely

text: neutral

text: when

text: the

text: Muslims

text: first

text: went

text: into

text: Syria

text: After

text: the

text: plague

text: that

text: killed

text: much

text: of

text: the

text: Muslim

text: Army

text: in

text: Syria

text: by

text: marrying

text: Maysum

text: Muawiyah

text: started

text: to

text: use

text: the

text: Jacobite

text: Christians

text: against

text: the

text: Romans

text: Muawiya

text: 's

text: wife

text: Maysum

text: Yazid

text: 's

text: mother

text: was

text: also

text: a

text: Jacobite

text: Christian

text: With

text: limited

text: resources

text: and

text: the

text: Byzantine

text: just

text: over

text: the

text: border

text: Muawiyah

text: worked

text: in

text: cooperation

text: with

text: the

text: local

text: Christian

text: population

text: To

text: stop

text: Byzantine

text: harassment

text: from

text: the

text: sea

text: during

text: the

text: Arab

text: Byzantine

text: Wars

text: in

text: Muawiyah

text: set

text: up

text: a

text: navy

text: manned

text: by

text: Monophysitise

text: Christians

text: Copts

text: and

text: Jacobite

text: Syrian

text: Christians

text: sailors

text: and

text: Muslim

text: troops

question: What was the name of Muawiyah's wife?

answer: Maysum

text: Maysum

question: What tribe did Muawiyah's wife belong to?

answer: Kalb

text: Kalb

question: What was the religion of Muawiyah's wife's tribe?

answer: Christian

text: Christian

question: What was the ethnicity of the Kalb tribe?

answer: Arab

text: Arab

question: Where was the Kalb tribe based?

answer: Syria

text: Syria

question: Who was the chief of the Kalb tribe?

text: Muawiyah

question: Who did the chief of the Kalb tribe marry?

text: Maysum

question: Whose marriage was motivated by love?

text: Muawiyah

question: Who used the Jacobite Christians against the Muslims?

text: Muawiyah

question: When did Muawiyah dissolve the navy?


text: Nasser was greatly influenced by Egyptian nationalism, as espoused by politician Mustafa Kamel, poet Ahmed Shawqi, and his anti-colonialist instructor at the Royal Military Academy, Aziz al-Masri, to whom Nasser expressed his gratitude in a 1961 newspaper interview. He was especially influenced by Egyptian writer Tawfiq al-Hakim's novel Return of the Spirit, in which al-Hakim wrote that the Egyptian people were only in need of a "man in whom all their feelings and desires will be represented, and who will be for them a symbol of their objective". Nasser later credited the novel as his inspiration to launch the 1952 revolution.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: Nasser

text: was

text: greatly

text: influenced

text: by

text: Egyptian

text: nationalism

text: as

text: espoused

text: by

text: politician

text: Mustafa

text: Kamel

text: poet

text: Ahmed

text: Shawqi

text: and

text: his

text: anti

text: colonialist

text: instructor

text: at

text: the

text: Royal

text: Military

text: Academy

text: Aziz

text: al

text: Masri

text: to

text: whom

text: Nasser

text: expressed

text: his

text: gratitude

text: in

text: a

text: newspaper

text: interview

text: He

text: was

text: especially

text: influenced

text: by

text: Egyptian

text: writer

text: Tawfiq

text: al

text: Hakim

text: 's

text: novel

text: Return

text: of

text: the

text: Spirit

text: in

text: which

text: al

text: Hakim

text: wrote

text: that

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: people

text: were

text: only

text: in

text: need

text: of

text: a

text: man

text: in

text: whom

text: all

text: their

text: feelings

text: and

text: desires

text: will

text: be

text: represented

text: and

text: who

text: will

text: be

text: for

text: them

text: a

text: symbol

text: of

text: their

text: objective

text: Nasser

text: later

text: credited

text: the

text: novel

text: as

text: his

text: inspiration

text: to

text: launch

text: the

text: revolution

question: What political theory fascinated Nasser?

answer: Egyptian nationalism

text: Egyptian nationalism

question: What politician did Nasser admire?

answer: Mustafa Kamel

text: Mustafa Kamel

question: What poet did Nasser read?

answer: Ahmed Shawqi

text: Ahmed Shawqi

question: What novel influenced Nasser greatly?

answer: Return of the Spirit

text: Return of the Spirit

question: Where did Nasser meet his anti-colonialist teacher?

answer: Royal Military Academy

text: Royal Military Academy


text: As aristocrats for centuries, samurai developed their own cultures that influenced Japanese culture as a whole. The culture associated with the samurai such as the tea ceremony, monochrome ink painting, rock gardens and poetry were adopted by warrior patrons throughout the centuries 1200–1600. These practices were adapted from the Chinese arts. Zen monks introduced them to Japan and they were allowed to flourish due to the interest of powerful warrior elites. Musō Soseki (1275–1351) was a Zen monk who was advisor to both Emperor Go-Daigo and General Ashikaga Takauji (1304–58). Musō, as well as other monks, acted as political and cultural diplomat between Japan and China. Musō was particularly well known for his garden design. Another Ashikaga patron of the arts was Yoshimasa. His cultural advisor, the Zen monk Zeami, introduced tea ceremony to him. Previously, tea had been used primarily for Buddhist monks to stay awake during meditation.

title: Samurai

title: Samurai

text: As

text: aristocrats

text: for

text: centuries

text: samurai

text: developed

text: their

text: own

text: cultures

text: that

text: influenced

text: Japanese

text: culture

text: as

text: a

text: whole

text: The

text: culture

text: associated

text: with

text: the

text: samurai

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: tea

text: ceremony

text: monochrome

text: ink

text: painting

text: rock

text: gardens

text: and

text: poetry

text: were

text: adopted

text: by

text: warrior

text: patrons

text: throughout

text: the

text: centuries

text: These

text: practices

text: were

text: adapted

text: from

text: the

text: Chinese

text: arts

text: Zen

text: monks

text: introduced

text: them

text: to

text: Japan

text: and

text: they

text: were

text: allowed

text: to

text: flourish

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: interest

text: of

text: powerful

text: warrior

text: elites

text: Musō

text: Soseki

text: was

text: a

text: Zen

text: monk

text: who

text: was

text: advisor

text: to

text: both

text: Emperor

text: Go

text: Daigo

text: and

text: General

text: Ashikaga

text: Takauji

text: Musō

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: other

text: monks

text: acted

text: as

text: political

text: and

text: cultural

text: diplomat

text: between

text: Japan

text: and

text: China

text: Musō

text: was

text: particularly

text: well

text: known

text: for

text: his

text: garden

text: design

text: Another

text: Ashikaga

text: patron

text: of

text: the

text: arts

text: was

text: Yoshimasa

text: His

text: cultural

text: advisor

text: the

text: Zen

text: monk

text: Zeami

text: introduced

text: tea

text: ceremony

text: to

text: him

text: Previously

text: tea

text: had

text: been

text: used

text: primarily

text: for

text: Buddhist

text: monks

text: to

text: stay

text: awake

text: during

text: meditation

question: Whose culture included tea ceremonies?

answer: samurai

text: samurai

question: What kind of painting did samurai do?

answer: monochrome ink

text: monochrome ink

question: What was Japanese culture influenced by?

answer: Chinese arts

text: Chinese arts

question: Who brought Chinese arts to Japan?

answer: Zen monks

text: Zen monks

question: When was Muso Soseki born?

answer: 1275


text: On July 20, 2009, Sports Business Journal reported that the AFL owed approximately $14 million to its creditors and were considering filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. In early August 2009, numerous media outlets began reporting that the AFL was folding permanently and would file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy. The league released a statement on August 4 to the effect that while the league was not folding, it was suspending league operations indefinitely. Despite this, several of the league's creditors filed papers to force a Chapter 7 liquidation if the league did not do so voluntarily. This request was granted on August 7, though converted to a Chapter 11 reorganization on August 26.

title: Arena_Football_League

title: Arena_Football_League

text: On

text: July

text: Sports

text: Business

text: Journal

text: reported

text: that

text: the

text: AFL

text: owed

text: approximately

text: million

text: to

text: its

text: creditors

text: and

text: were

text: considering

text: filing

text: for

text: Chapter

text: bankruptcy

text: protection

text: In

text: early

text: August

text: numerous

text: media

text: outlets

text: began

text: reporting

text: that

text: the

text: AFL

text: was

text: folding

text: permanently

text: and

text: would

text: file

text: for

text: Chapter

text: bankruptcy

text: The

text: league

text: released

text: a

text: statement

text: on

text: August

text: to

text: the

text: effect

text: that

text: while

text: the

text: league

text: was

text: not

text: folding

text: it

text: was

text: suspending

text: league

text: operations

text: indefinitely

text: Despite

text: this

text: several

text: of

text: the

text: league

text: 's

text: creditors

text: filed

text: papers

text: to

text: force

text: a

text: Chapter

text: liquidation

text: if

text: the

text: league

text: did

text: not

text: do

text: so

text: voluntarily

text: This

text: request

text: was

text: granted

text: on

text: August

text: though

text: converted

text: to

text: a

text: Chapter

text: reorganization

text: on

text: August

question: On what date was it reported that the AFL was considering bankruptcy?

answer: July 20, 2009

text: July 20, 2009

question: What publication reported that the Arena Football League was thinking about filing bankruptcy?

answer: Sports Business Journal

text: Sports Business Journal

question: How much debt was the AFL reported to have as of July 20, 2009?

answer: $14 million

text: $14 million

question: What type of bankruptcy was the league reportedly thinking about filing in July 2009?

answer: Chapter 11

text: Chapter 11

question: On what date did the AFL announce that it was not shutting down?

answer: August 4

text: August 4


text: The Intermontane Plateaus come to an end at the Cascade Range and the Sierra Nevada. The Cascades consist of largely intermittent, volcanic mountains, many rising prominently from the surrounding landscape. The Sierra Nevada, further south, is a high, rugged, and dense mountain range. It contains the highest point in the contiguous 48 states, Mount Whitney (14,505 ft or 4,421 m) It is located at the boundary between California's Inyo and Tulare counties, just 84.6 mi or 136.2 km west-northwest of the lowest point in North America at the Badwater Basin in Death Valley National Park at 279 ft or 85 m below sea level.

title: Geography_of_the_United_States

title: Geography_of_the_United_States

text: The

text: Intermontane

text: Plateaus

text: come

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: at

text: the

text: Cascade

text: Range

text: and

text: the

text: Sierra

text: Nevada

text: The

text: Cascades

text: consist

text: of

text: largely

text: intermittent

text: volcanic

text: mountains

text: many

text: rising

text: prominently

text: from

text: the

text: surrounding

text: landscape

text: The

text: Sierra

text: Nevada

text: further

text: south

text: is

text: a

text: high

text: rugged

text: and

text: dense

text: mountain

text: range

text: It

text: contains

text: the

text: highest

text: point

text: in

text: the

text: contiguous

text: states

text: Mount

text: Whitney

text: ft

text: or

text: m

text: It

text: is

text: located

text: at

text: the

text: boundary

text: between

text: California

text: 's

text: Inyo

text: and

text: Tulare

text: counties

text: just

text: mi

text: or

text: km

text: west

text: northwest

text: of

text: the

text: lowest

text: point

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: at

text: the

text: Badwater

text: Basin

text: in

text: Death

text: Valley

text: National

text: Park

text: at

text: ft

text: or

text: m

text: below

text: sea

text: level

question: What is the name of the range where the Intermontane plateaus end?

answer: Cascade Range

text: Cascade Range

question: What type of mountains compose the Cascades?

answer: volcanic mountains

text: volcanic mountains

question: Which mountain range contains Mount Whitney?

answer: Sierra Nevada

text: Sierra Nevada

question: What is the largest point in the Sierra Nevadas?

answer: Mount Whitney

text: Mount Whitney

question: How tall is Mount Whitney?

answer: 14,505 ft

text: 14,505 ft

question: What is the name of the range where theIntermontane plateau begins?

text: Cascade Range

question: The Cascades consist largely of overlapping what?

text: volcanic mountains

question: What is the name of the high gentle dense mountain range?

text: Sierra Nevada

question: What mountain range contains the lowest point in a contagious forty-eight states

text: Sierra Nevada

question: The highest point in North America is and what basin?

text: Badwater


text: Under the early courts, when military conscription had been centrally controlled, military affairs had been taken out of the hands of the provincial aristocracy. But as the system broke down after 792, local power holders again became the primary source of military strength. The re-establishment of an efficient military system was made gradually through a process of trial-and-error. At that time the imperial court did not possess an army but rather relied on an organization of professional warriors composed mainly of oryoshi, which were appointed to an individual province and tsuibushi, which were appointed over imperial circuits or for specific tasks. This gave rise to the Japanese military class. Nonetheless final authority rested with the imperial court.

title: Heian_period

title: Heian_period

text: Under

text: the

text: early

text: courts

text: when

text: military

text: conscription

text: had

text: been

text: centrally

text: controlled

text: military

text: affairs

text: had

text: been

text: taken

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: hands

text: of

text: the

text: provincial

text: aristocracy

text: But

text: as

text: the

text: system

text: broke

text: down

text: after

text: local

text: power

text: holders

text: again

text: became

text: the

text: primary

text: source

text: of

text: military

text: strength

text: The

text: re

text: establishment

text: of

text: an

text: efficient

text: military

text: system

text: was

text: made

text: gradually

text: through

text: a

text: process

text: of

text: trial

text: and

text: error

text: At

text: that

text: time

text: the

text: imperial

text: court

text: did

text: not

text: possess

text: an

text: army

text: but

text: rather

text: relied

text: on

text: an

text: organization

text: of

text: professional

text: warriors

text: composed

text: mainly

text: of

text: oryoshi

text: which

text: were

text: appointed

text: to

text: an

text: individual

text: province

text: and

text: tsuibushi

text: which

text: were

text: appointed

text: over

text: imperial

text: circuits

text: or

text: for

text: specific

text: tasks

text: This

text: gave

text: rise

text: to

text: the

text: Japanese

text: military

text: class

text: Nonetheless

text: final

text: authority

text: rested

text: with

text: the

text: imperial

text: court

question: The early courts' military conscription broke down around what year?

answer: 792

question: Warriors appointed to a province were called what?

answer: oryoshi

text: oryoshi

question: Warriors appointed for specific tasks were called what?

answer: tsuibushi

text: tsuibushi

question: Where did final authority over the military lie?

answer: imperial court

text: imperial court

question: What was in the hands of the provincial aristocracy in he early courts?

text: military affairs

question: What process allowed provincial aristocracy to take control slowly?

text: a process of trial-and-error

question: Who made up the imerial courts army?

text: oryoshi

question: What authority rested with the Japanese military class?

text: final authority


text: The four-year, full-time undergraduate program comprises the majority of enrollments at the university and emphasizes instruction in the arts and sciences, plus the professions of engineering, journalism, communication, music, and education. Although a foundation in the liberal arts and sciences is required in all majors, there is no required common core curriculum; individual degree requirements are set by the faculty of each school. Northwestern's full-time undergraduate and graduate programs operate on an approximately 10-week academic quarter system with the academic year beginning in late September and ending in early June. Undergraduates typically take four courses each quarter and twelve courses in an academic year and are required to complete at least twelve quarters on campus to graduate. Northwestern offers honors, accelerated, and joint degree programs in medicine, science, mathematics, engineering, and journalism. The comprehensive doctoral graduate program has high coexistence with undergraduate programs.

title: Northwestern_University

title: Northwestern_University

text: The

text: four

text: year

text: full

text: time

text: undergraduate

text: program

text: comprises

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: enrollments

text: at

text: the

text: university

text: and

text: emphasizes

text: instruction

text: in

text: the

text: arts

text: and

text: sciences

text: plus

text: the

text: professions

text: of

text: engineering

text: journalism

text: communication

text: music

text: and

text: education

text: Although

text: a

text: foundation

text: in

text: the

text: liberal

text: arts

text: and

text: sciences

text: is

text: required

text: in

text: all

text: majors

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: required

text: common

text: core

text: curriculum

text: individual

text: degree

text: requirements

text: are

text: set

text: by

text: the

text: faculty

text: of

text: each

text: school

text: Northwestern

text: 's

text: full

text: time

text: undergraduate

text: and

text: graduate

text: programs

text: operate

text: on

text: an

text: approximately

text: academic

text: quarter

text: system

text: with

text: the

text: academic

text: year

text: beginning

text: in

text: late

text: September

text: and

text: ending

text: in

text: early

text: June

text: Undergraduates

text: typically

text: take

text: four

text: courses

text: each

text: quarter

text: and

text: twelve

text: courses

text: in

text: an

text: academic

text: year

text: and

text: are

text: required

text: to

text: complete

text: at

text: least

text: twelve

text: quarters

text: on

text: campus

text: to

text: graduate

text: Northwestern

text: offers

text: honors

text: accelerated

text: and

text: joint

text: degree

text: programs

text: in

text: medicine

text: science

text: mathematics

text: engineering

text: and

text: journalism

text: The

text: comprehensive

text: doctoral

text: graduate

text: program

text: has

text: high

text: coexistence

text: with

text: undergraduate

text: programs

question: Which 4-year program comprises the majority of enrollments at Northwestern?

answer: full-time undergraduate

text: full-time undergraduate

question: Who sets individual degree requirements at Northwestern?

answer: the faculty of each school

text: the faculty of each school

question: How many quarters are undergraduates required to complete on campus to graduate?

answer: at least twelve

text: at least twelve

question: How many courses do undergrads typically take each quarter?

answer: four

text: four

question: How many weeks is one academic quarter at Northwestern?

answer: approximately 10

text: approximately 10

question: Which 4-year program comprises the minority of enrollments at Northwestern?

text: full-time undergraduate

question: Who sets non-individual degree requirements at Northwestern?

text: the faculty

question: How many halves are undergraduates required to complete on campus to graduate?

text: at least twelve

question: How many courses do undergrads typically take each semester?

text: four

question: How many months is one academic quarter at Northwestern?

text: approximately 10


text: In the Iconoclastic era, figural mosaics were also condemned as idolatry. The Iconoclastic churches were embellished with plain gold mosaics with only one great cross in the apse like the Hagia Irene in Constantinople (after 740). There were similar crosses in the apses of the Hagia Sophia Church in Thessaloniki and in the Church of the Dormition in Nicaea. The crosses were substituted with the image of the Theotokos in both churches after the victory of the Iconodules (787–797 and in 8th–9th centuries respectively, the Dormition church was totally destroyed in 1922).

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: In

text: the

text: Iconoclastic

text: era

text: figural

text: mosaics

text: were

text: also

text: condemned

text: as

text: idolatry

text: The

text: Iconoclastic

text: churches

text: were

text: embellished

text: with

text: plain

text: gold

text: mosaics

text: with

text: only

text: one

text: great

text: cross

text: in

text: the

text: apse

text: like

text: the

text: Hagia

text: Irene

text: in

text: Constantinople

text: after

text: There

text: were

text: similar

text: crosses

text: in

text: the

text: apses

text: of

text: the

text: Hagia

text: Sophia

text: Church

text: in

text: Thessaloniki

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Church

text: of

text: the

text: Dormition

text: in

text: Nicaea

text: The

text: crosses

text: were

text: substituted

text: with

text: the

text: image

text: of

text: the

text: Theotokos

text: in

text: both

text: churches

text: after

text: the

text: victory

text: of

text: the

text: Iconodules

text: and

text: in

text: centuries

text: respectively

text: the

text: Dormition

text: church

text: was

text: totally

text: destroyed

text: in

question: Why were mosaics destroyed in the iconoclastic era?

answer: condemned as idolatry

text: condemned as idolatry

question: What was the common mosaic theme of iconoclastic churches?

answer: gold mosaics with only one great cross

text: gold mosaics with only one great cross

question: When did the Iconodules  change the cross in the Hagia Sophia?

answer: 787–797

question: When was the Dormition church destroyed?

answer: 1922

question: When did the Hagia Irene adapt the iconoclastic era mosaics?

answer: after 740

text: after 740


text: Although sizable Orthodox Jewish communities are located throughout the United States, many American Orthodox Jews live in New York State, particularly in the New York City Metropolitan Area. Two of the main Orthodox communities in the United States are located in New York City and Rockland County. In New York City, the neighborhoods of Borough Park, Midwood, Williamsburg, and Crown Heights, located in the borough of Brooklyn, have particularly large Orthodox communities. The most rapidly growing community of American Orthodox Jews is located in Rockland County and the Hudson Valley of New York, including the communities of Monsey, Monroe, New Square, and Kiryas Joel. There are also sizable and rapidly growing Orthodox communities throughout New Jersey, particularly in Lakewood, Teaneck, Englewood, Passaic, and Fair Lawn.

title: Orthodox_Judaism

title: Orthodox_Judaism

text: Although

text: sizable

text: Orthodox

text: Jewish

text: communities

text: are

text: located

text: throughout

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: many

text: American

text: Orthodox

text: Jews

text: live

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: State

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: Metropolitan

text: Area

text: Two

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: Orthodox

text: communities

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: are

text: located

text: in

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: and

text: Rockland

text: County

text: In

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: the

text: neighborhoods

text: of

text: Borough

text: Park

text: Midwood

text: Williamsburg

text: and

text: Crown

text: Heights

text: located

text: in

text: the

text: borough

text: of

text: Brooklyn

text: have

text: particularly

text: large

text: Orthodox

text: communities

text: The

text: most

text: rapidly

text: growing

text: community

text: of

text: American

text: Orthodox

text: Jews

text: is

text: located

text: in

text: Rockland

text: County

text: and

text: the

text: Hudson

text: Valley

text: of

text: New

text: York

text: including

text: the

text: communities

text: of

text: Monsey

text: Monroe

text: New

text: Square

text: and

text: Kiryas

text: Joel

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: sizable

text: and

text: rapidly

text: growing

text: Orthodox

text: communities

text: throughout

text: New

text: Jersey

text: particularly

text: in

text: Lakewood

text: Teaneck

text: Englewood

text: Passaic

text: and

text: Fair

text: Lawn

question: Where do many American Orthodox Jews live?

answer: New York State

text: New York State

question: Borough Park, Midwood, Williamsburg and Crown heights have particularly large communities of what?

answer: American Orthodox Jews

text: American Orthodox Jews

question: Where is a sizeable and rapidly growing Orthodox community currently located besides New York State?

answer: New Jersey

text: New Jersey

question: Where is the most rapidly growing community of American orthodox jews located?

answer: Rockland County

text: Rockland County

question: Which country contains only a few small Jewish communities?

text: United States

question: What area have many American Orthodox Jews left?

text: New York State

question: Which NY borough have very small Jewish communities?

text: Brooklyn

question: Where is an increasingly shrinking community of American Orthodox Jews located?

text: Rockland County

question: What area besides New York are the Orthodox communities in decline?

text: New Jersey


text: The plebeians had finally achieved political equality with the patricians. However, the plight of the average plebeian had not changed. A small number of plebeian families achieved the same standing that the old aristocratic patrician families had always had, but the new plebeian aristocrats became as uninterested in the plight of the average plebeian as the old patrician aristocrats had always been. The plebeians rebelled by leaving Rome and refusing to return until they had more rights. The patricians then noticed how much they needed the plebeians and accepted their terms. The plebeians then returned to Rome and continued their work.

title: Roman_Republic

title: Roman_Republic

text: The

text: plebeians

text: had

text: finally

text: achieved

text: political

text: equality

text: with

text: the

text: patricians

text: However

text: the

text: plight

text: of

text: the

text: average

text: plebeian

text: had

text: not

text: changed

text: A

text: small

text: number

text: of

text: plebeian

text: families

text: achieved

text: the

text: same

text: standing

text: that

text: the

text: old

text: aristocratic

text: patrician

text: families

text: had

text: always

text: had

text: but

text: the

text: new

text: plebeian

text: aristocrats

text: became

text: as

text: uninterested

text: in

text: the

text: plight

text: of

text: the

text: average

text: plebeian

text: as

text: the

text: old

text: patrician

text: aristocrats

text: had

text: always

text: been

text: The

text: plebeians

text: rebelled

text: by

text: leaving

text: Rome

text: and

text: refusing

text: to

text: return

text: until

text: they

text: had

text: more

text: rights

text: The

text: patricians

text: then

text: noticed

text: how

text: much

text: they

text: needed

text: the

text: plebeians

text: and

text: accepted

text: their

text: terms

text: The

text: plebeians

text: then

text: returned

text: to

text: Rome

text: and

text: continued

text: their

text: work

question: Which group of people were now considered to be politically equal with the plebeians?

answer: patricians

text: patricians

question: Which group of people rebelled by vacating Rome?

answer: The plebeians

text: The plebeians

question: How many plebeian families had an identical standing as the old aristocratic patrician families?

answer: A small number

text: A small number

question: What did the rebelling plebeians want before they returned to Rome?

answer: more rights

text: more rights


text: India rejected Chinese demands that the torch route be clear of India's 150,000-strong Tibetan exile community, by which they required a ban on congregation near the curtailed 3 km route. In response Indian officials said India was a democracy, and "a wholesale ban on protests was out of the question". Contradicting some other reports, Indian officials also refused permission to the "Olympic Holy Flame Protection Unit". The combined effect is a "rapid deterioration" of relations between India and China. Meanwhile, the Tibetan government in exile, which is based in India, has stated that it did not support the disruption of the Olympic torch relay.

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

text: India

text: rejected

text: Chinese

text: demands

text: that

text: the

text: torch

text: route

text: be

text: clear

text: of

text: India

text: 's

text: Tibetan

text: exile

text: community

text: by

text: which

text: they

text: required

text: a

text: ban

text: on

text: congregation

text: near

text: the

text: curtailed

text: km

text: route

text: In

text: response

text: Indian

text: officials

text: said

text: India

text: was

text: a

text: democracy

text: and

text: a

text: wholesale

text: ban

text: on

text: protests

text: was

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: question

text: Contradicting

text: some

text: other

text: reports

text: Indian

text: officials

text: also

text: refused

text: permission

text: to

text: the

text: Olympic

text: Holy

text: Flame

text: Protection

text: Unit

text: The

text: combined

text: effect

text: is

text: a

text: rapid

text: deterioration

text: of

text: relations

text: between

text: India

text: and

text: China

text: Meanwhile

text: the

text: Tibetan

text: government

text: in

text: exile

text: which

text: is

text: based

text: in

text: India

text: has

text: stated

text: that

text: it

text: did

text: not

text: support

text: the

text: disruption

text: of

text: the

text: Olympic

text: torch

text: relay

question: How many people comprised the Tibetan exile community?

answer: 150,000

question: India refused China's request that the Tibetan exile community be avoided because they said India is what?

answer: a democracy

text: a democracy

question: Where is the exiled Tibetan government?

answer: India

text: India

question: How many Tibetan exiles are said to be in India?

answer: 150,000

question: A wholesale ban on what was denied?

answer: protests

text: protests

question: What Olympic group was denied by India?

answer: Olympic Holy Flame Protection Unit

text: Olympic Holy Flame Protection Unit

question: What deteriorated between India and China?

answer: relations

text: relations

question: Who said they did not support relay interruptions?

answer: the Tibetan government in exile

text: the Tibetan government in exile


text: The contracting parties' full names or sovereign titles are often included in the preamble, along with the full names and titles of their representatives, and a boilerplate clause about how their representatives have communicated (or exchanged) their full powers (i.e., the official documents appointing them to act on behalf of their respective states) and found them in good or proper form.

title: Treaty

title: Treaty

text: The

text: contracting

text: parties

text: full

text: names

text: or

text: sovereign

text: titles

text: are

text: often

text: included

text: in

text: the

text: preamble

text: along

text: with

text: the

text: full

text: names

text: and

text: titles

text: of

text: their

text: representatives

text: and

text: a

text: boilerplate

text: clause

text: about

text: how

text: their

text: representatives

text: have

text: communicated

text: or

text: exchanged

text: their

text: full

text: powers

text: i.e.

text: the

text: official

text: documents

text: appointing

text: them

text: to

text: act

text: on

text: behalf

text: of

text: their

text: respective

text: states

text: and

text: found

text: them

text: in

text: good

text: or

text: proper

text: form

question: What term describes a common clause in a treaty stating that the representatives of the parties have communicated their full powers?

answer: boilerplate

text: boilerplate

question: What are the official documents appointing a party's representative to act on their behalf?

answer: full powers

text: full powers

question: In addition to their full names, what else is included in the preamble that identifies the parties to a treaty?

answer: sovereign titles

text: sovereign titles

question: How must the full powers of a parties' representatives be found in order to enter into a treaty?

answer: in good or proper form.

text: in good or proper form.

question: Who else besides the parties themselves is typically identified in the preamble to a treaty?

answer: their representatives

text: their representatives


text: Although Turkey and Israel did not establish full diplomatic relations until 1991, Turkey has cooperated with the State since its recognition of Israel in 1949. Turkey's ties to the other Muslim-majority nations in the region have at times resulted in pressure from Arab and Muslim states to temper its relationship with Israel. Relations between Turkey and Israel took a downturn after the 2008–09 Gaza War and Israel's raid of the Gaza flotilla. IHH, which organized the flotilla, is a Turkish charity that has been challenged on ties to Hamas and Al-Qaeda. Relations between Israel and Greece have improved since 1995 due to the decline of Israeli-Turkish relations. The two countries have a defense cooperation agreement and in 2010, the Israeli Air Force hosted Greece’s Hellenic Air Force in a joint exercise at the Uvda base. Israel is the second largest importer of Greek products in the Middle East. The joint Cyprus-Israel oil and gas explorations centered on the Leviathan gas field are an important factor for Greece, given its strong links with Cyprus. Cooperation in the world's longest sub-sea electric power cable, the EuroAsia Interconnector, has strengthened relations between Cyprus and Israel.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: Although

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Israel

text: did

text: not

text: establish

text: full

text: diplomatic

text: relations

text: until

text: Turkey

text: has

text: cooperated

text: with

text: the

text: State

text: since

text: its

text: recognition

text: of

text: Israel

text: in

text: Turkey

text: 's

text: ties

text: to

text: the

text: other

text: Muslim

text: majority

text: nations

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: have

text: at

text: times

text: resulted

text: in

text: pressure

text: from

text: Arab

text: and

text: Muslim

text: states

text: to

text: temper

text: its

text: relationship

text: with

text: Israel

text: Relations

text: between

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Israel

text: took

text: a

text: downturn

text: after

text: the

text: Gaza

text: War

text: and

text: Israel

text: 's

text: raid

text: of

text: the

text: Gaza

text: flotilla

text: IHH

text: which

text: organized

text: the

text: flotilla

text: is

text: a

text: Turkish

text: charity

text: that

text: has

text: been

text: challenged

text: on

text: ties

text: to

text: Hamas

text: and

text: Al

text: Qaeda

text: Relations

text: between

text: Israel

text: and

text: Greece

text: have

text: improved

text: since

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: decline

text: of

text: Israeli

text: Turkish

text: relations

text: The

text: two

text: countries

text: have

text: a

text: defense

text: cooperation

text: agreement

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Israeli

text: Air

text: Force

text: hosted

text: Greece

text: ’s

text: Hellenic

text: Air

text: Force

text: in

text: a

text: joint

text: exercise

text: at

text: the

text: Uvda

text: base

text: Israel

text: is

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: importer

text: of

text: Greek

text: products

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: The

text: joint

text: Cyprus

text: Israel

text: oil

text: and

text: gas

text: explorations

text: centered

text: on

text: the

text: Leviathan

text: gas

text: field

text: are

text: an

text: important

text: factor

text: for

text: Greece

text: given

text: its

text: strong

text: links

text: with

text: Cyprus

text: Cooperation

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: longest

text: sub

text: sea

text: electric

text: power

text: cable

text: the

text: EuroAsia

text: Interconnector

text: has

text: strengthened

text: relations

text: between

text: Cyprus

text: and

text: Israel

question: When did Turkey and Israel establish full diplomatic relations?

answer: 1991

question: Who organized the flotilla?

answer: IHH

text: IHH

question: When did Israel and Turkey's relations take a downturn?

answer: after the 2008–09 Gaza War

text: after the 2008–09 Gaza War


text: The purpose of electronic warfare is to deny the opponent an advantage in the EMS and ensure friendly, unimpeded access to the EM spectrum portion of the information environment. Electronic warfare aircraft are used to keep airspaces friendly, and send critical information to anyone who needs it. They are often called "The Eye in the Sky." The roles of the aircraft vary greatly among the different variants to include Electronic Warfare/Jamming (EC-130H), Psychological Operations/Communications (EC-130J), Airborne Early Warning and Control (E-3), Airborne Command Post (E-4B), ground targeting radar (E-8C), range control (E-9A), and communications relay (E-11A)

title: United_States_Air_Force

title: United_States_Air_Force

text: The

text: purpose

text: of

text: electronic

text: warfare

text: is

text: to

text: deny

text: the

text: opponent

text: an

text: advantage

text: in

text: the

text: EMS

text: and

text: ensure

text: friendly

text: unimpeded

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: EM

text: spectrum

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: information

text: environment

text: Electronic

text: warfare

text: aircraft

text: are

text: used

text: to

text: keep

text: airspaces

text: friendly

text: and

text: send

text: critical

text: information

text: to

text: anyone

text: who

text: needs

text: it

text: They

text: are

text: often

text: called

text: The

text: Eye

text: in

text: the

text: Sky

text: The

text: roles

text: of

text: the

text: aircraft

text: vary

text: greatly

text: among

text: the

text: different

text: variants

text: to

text: include

text: Electronic

text: Warfare

text: Jamming

text: Psychological

text: Operations

text: Communications

text: Airborne

text: Early

text: Warning

text: and

text: Control

text: Airborne

text: Command

text: Post

text: ground

text: targeting

text: radar

text: range

text: control

text: and

text: communications

text: relay

question: What is the purpose of electronic warfare?

answer: deny the opponent an advantage in the EMS

text: deny the opponent an advantage in the EMS

question: What nickname is given to Electronic warfare aircraft?

answer: The Eye in the Sky

text: The Eye in the Sky

question: What does the USAF use Electronic warfare aircraft for?

answer: to keep airspaces friendly, and send critical information to anyone who needs it

text: to keep airspaces friendly, and send critical information to anyone who needs it

question: What is the EC-130H used for by the US Air Force?

answer: Electronic Warfare/Jamming

text: Electronic Warfare/Jamming

question: What does the USAF use the E-4B aircraft for?

answer: Airborne Command Post

text: Airborne Command Post


text: The monarchs of England and the United Kingdom had ministers in whom they placed special trust and who were regarded as the head of the government. Examples were Thomas Cromwell under Henry VIII; William Cecil, Lord Burghley under Elizabeth I; Clarendon under Charles II and Godolphin under Queen Anne. These ministers held a variety of formal posts, but were commonly known as "the minister", the "chief minister", the "first minister" and finally the "prime minister".

title: Prime_minister

title: Prime_minister

text: The

text: monarchs

text: of

text: England

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: had

text: ministers

text: in

text: whom

text: they

text: placed

text: special

text: trust

text: and

text: who

text: were

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: head

text: of

text: the

text: government

text: Examples

text: were

text: Thomas

text: Cromwell

text: under

text: Henry

text: VIII

text: William

text: Cecil

text: Lord

text: Burghley

text: under

text: Elizabeth

text: I

text: Clarendon

text: under

text: Charles

text: II

text: and

text: Godolphin

text: under

text: Queen

text: Anne

text: These

text: ministers

text: held

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: formal

text: posts

text: but

text: were

text: commonly

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: minister

text: the

text: chief

text: minister

text: the

text: first

text: minister

text: and

text: finally

text: the

text: prime

text: minister

question: Who occupied the role that would later become prime minister under Henry VIII?

answer: Thomas Cromwell

text: Thomas Cromwell

question: Who held the equivalent of the post of prime minister under Queen Anne?

answer: Godolphin

text: Godolphin

question: Who served as the head minister under Charles II?

answer: Clarendon

text: Clarendon

question: Who did the monarchs of England and the United Kingdom not trust?

text: ministers

question: What position did Thomas Cromwell hold under Queen Anne?

text: prime minister