text: Operation Torch also served as a valuable training ground for Eisenhower's combat command skills; during the initial phase of Generalfeldmarschall Erwin Rommel's move into the Kasserine Pass, Eisenhower created some confusion in the ranks by some interference with the execution of battle plans by his subordinates. He also was initially indecisive in his removal of Lloyd Fredendall, commanding U.S. II Corps. He became more adroit in such matters in later campaigns. In February 1943, his authority was extended as commander of AFHQ across the Mediterranean basin to include the British Eighth Army, commanded by General Sir Bernard Montgomery. The Eighth Army had advanced across the Western Desert from the east and was ready for the start of the Tunisia Campaign. Eisenhower gained his fourth star and gave up command of ETOUSA to become commander of NATOUSA.

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

title: Dwight_D._Eisenhower

text: Operation

text: Torch

text: also

text: served

text: as

text: a

text: valuable

text: training

text: ground

text: for

text: Eisenhower

text: 's

text: combat

text: command

text: skills

text: during

text: the

text: initial

text: phase

text: of

text: Generalfeldmarschall

text: Erwin

text: Rommel

text: 's

text: move

text: into

text: the

text: Kasserine

text: Pass

text: Eisenhower

text: created

text: some

text: confusion

text: in

text: the

text: ranks

text: by

text: some

text: interference

text: with

text: the

text: execution

text: of

text: battle

text: plans

text: by

text: his

text: subordinates

text: He

text: also

text: was

text: initially

text: indecisive

text: in

text: his

text: removal

text: of

text: Lloyd

text: Fredendall

text: commanding

text: U.S.

text: II

text: Corps

text: He

text: became

text: more

text: adroit

text: in

text: such

text: matters

text: in

text: later

text: campaigns

text: In

text: February

text: his

text: authority

text: was

text: extended

text: as

text: commander

text: of

text: AFHQ

text: across

text: the

text: Mediterranean

text: basin

text: to

text: include

text: the

text: British

text: Eighth

text: Army

text: commanded

text: by

text: General

text: Sir

text: Bernard

text: Montgomery

text: The

text: Eighth

text: Army

text: had

text: advanced

text: across

text: the

text: Western

text: Desert

text: from

text: the

text: east

text: and

text: was

text: ready

text: for

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: the

text: Tunisia

text: Campaign

text: Eisenhower

text: gained

text: his

text: fourth

text: star

text: and

text: gave

text: up

text: command

text: of

text: ETOUSA

text: to

text: become

text: commander

text: of

text: NATOUSA

question: What was Rommel's rank?

answer: Generalfeldmarschall

text: Generalfeldmarschall

question: Who commanded II Corps before being removed by Eisenhower?

answer: Lloyd Fredendall

text: Lloyd Fredendall

question: Who commanded the UK's Eighth Army?

answer: Bernard Montgomery

text: Bernard Montgomery

question: When did Eisenhower receive authority over the British Eighth Army?

answer: February 1943

text: February 1943

question: What did Eisenhower command after he commanded ETOUSA?

answer: NATOUSA

text: NATOUSA


text: During the period in which the populares party controlled the city, they flouted convention by re-electing Marius consul several times without observing the customary ten-year interval between offices. They also transgressed the established oligarchy by advancing unelected individuals to magisterial office, and by substituting magisterial edicts for popular legislation. Sulla soon made peace with Mithridates. In 83 BC, he returned to Rome, overcame all resistance, and recaptured the city. Sulla and his supporters then slaughtered most of Marius' supporters. Sulla, having observed the violent results of radical popular reforms, was naturally conservative. As such, he sought to strengthen the aristocracy, and by extension the senate. Sulla made himself dictator, passed a series of constitutional reforms, resigned the dictatorship, and served one last term as consul. He died in 78 BC.

title: Roman_Republic

title: Roman_Republic

text: During

text: the

text: period

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: populares

text: party

text: controlled

text: the

text: city

text: they

text: flouted

text: convention

text: by

text: re

text: electing

text: Marius

text: consul

text: several

text: times

text: without

text: observing

text: the

text: customary

text: ten

text: year

text: interval

text: between

text: offices

text: They

text: also

text: transgressed

text: the

text: established

text: oligarchy

text: by

text: advancing

text: unelected

text: individuals

text: to

text: magisterial

text: office

text: and

text: by

text: substituting

text: magisterial

text: edicts

text: for

text: popular

text: legislation

text: Sulla

text: soon

text: made

text: peace

text: with

text: Mithridates

text: In

text: BC

text: he

text: returned

text: to

text: Rome

text: overcame

text: all

text: resistance

text: and

text: recaptured

text: the

text: city

text: Sulla

text: and

text: his

text: supporters

text: then

text: slaughtered

text: most

text: of

text: Marius

text: supporters

text: Sulla

text: having

text: observed

text: the

text: violent

text: results

text: of

text: radical

text: popular

text: reforms

text: was

text: naturally

text: conservative

text: As

text: such

text: he

text: sought

text: to

text: strengthen

text: the

text: aristocracy

text: and

text: by

text: extension

text: the

text: senate

text: Sulla

text: made

text: himself

text: dictator

text: passed

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: constitutional

text: reforms

text: resigned

text: the

text: dictatorship

text: and

text: served

text: one

text: last

text: term

text: as

text: consul

text: He

text: died

text: in

text: BC

question: How many years was normal to span between offices prior to the populares controlling the city?

answer: ten-year interval

text: ten-year interval

question: In what year did Sulla succesfully take over the populares controlled city?

answer: 83 BC

text: 83 BC

question: Who were slaughtered upon the arrival of Sulla in Rome?

answer: most of Marius' supporters

text: most of Marius' supporters

question: In what year did Sulla die?

answer: 78 BC

text: 78 BC

question: Which leader had achieved peace with Mithridates?

answer: Sulla

text: Sulla


text: In about 319, when Athanasius was a deacon, a presbyter named Arius came into a direct conflict with Alexander of Alexandria. It appears that Arius reproached Alexander for what he felt were misguided or heretical teachings being taught by the bishop. Arius's theological views appear to have been firmly rooted in Alexandrian Christianity, and his Christological views were certainly not radical at all. He embraced a subordinationist Christology which taught that Christ was the divine Son (Logos) of God, made, not begotten, heavily influenced by Alexandrian thinkers like Origen, and which was a common Christological view in Alexandria at the time. Support for Arius from powerful bishops like Eusebius of Caesarea and Eusebius of Nicomedia, further illustrate how Arius's subordinationist Christology was shared by other Christians in the Empire. Arius was subsequently excommunicated by Alexander, and he would begin to elicit the support of many bishops who agreed with his position.

title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

text: In

text: about

text: when

text: Athanasius

text: was

text: a

text: deacon

text: a

text: presbyter

text: named

text: Arius

text: came

text: into

text: a

text: direct

text: conflict

text: with

text: Alexander

text: of

text: Alexandria

text: It

text: appears

text: that

text: Arius

text: reproached

text: Alexander

text: for

text: what

text: he

text: felt

text: were

text: misguided

text: or

text: heretical

text: teachings

text: being

text: taught

text: by

text: the

text: bishop

text: Arius

text: 's

text: theological

text: views

text: appear

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: firmly

text: rooted

text: in

text: Alexandrian

text: Christianity

text: and

text: his

text: Christological

text: views

text: were

text: certainly

text: not

text: radical

text: at

text: all

text: He

text: embraced

text: a

text: subordinationist

text: Christology

text: which

text: taught

text: that

text: Christ

text: was

text: the

text: divine

text: Son

text: Logos

text: of

text: God

text: made

text: not

text: begotten

text: heavily

text: influenced

text: by

text: Alexandrian

text: thinkers

text: like

text: Origen

text: and

text: which

text: was

text: a

text: common

text: Christological

text: view

text: in

text: Alexandria

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: Support

text: for

text: Arius

text: from

text: powerful

text: bishops

text: like

text: Eusebius

text: of

text: Caesarea

text: and

text: Eusebius

text: of

text: Nicomedia

text: further

text: illustrate

text: how

text: Arius

text: 's

text: subordinationist

text: Christology

text: was

text: shared

text: by

text: other

text: Christians

text: in

text: the

text: Empire

text: Arius

text: was

text: subsequently

text: excommunicated

text: by

text: Alexander

text: and

text: he

text: would

text: begin

text: to

text: elicit

text: the

text: support

text: of

text: many

text: bishops

text: who

text: agreed

text: with

text: his

text: position

question: What made Arius's belief about Jesus different from Alexander's?

answer: Son (Logos) of God, made, not begotten

text: Son (Logos) of God, made, not begotten

question: Was this differing view common among Christians of the day?

answer: common Christological view

text: common Christological view

question: What other leaders believed this?

answer: powerful bishops

text: powerful bishops

question: What eventually happened to Arius?

answer: excommunicated by Alexander

text: excommunicated by Alexander

question: When did Athanasius become a deacon?

question: When did Arius become a deacon?

question: Where was Arius born?

text: Alexandria

question: When did Athanasius become a bishop?

question: Where did Origen meet Athanasius?

text: Alexandria

question: What made Arius's belief about Jesus the same from Alexander's?

text: Son (Logos) of God, made, not begotten

question: What other leaders did not believe this?

text: bishops

question: Who was communicated by Alexander?

text: Arius


text: Nicknamed "The Walking City", Boston hosts more pedestrian commuters than do other comparably populated cities. Owing to factors such as the compactness of the city and large student population, 13 percent of the population commutes by foot, making it the highest percentage of pedestrian commuters in the country out of the major American cities. In 2011, Walk Score ranked Boston the third most walkable city in the United States. As of 2015[update], Walk Score still ranks Boston as the third most walkable US city, with a Walk Score of 80, a Transit Score of 75, and a Bike Score of 70.

title: Boston

title: Boston

text: Nicknamed

text: The

text: Walking

text: City

text: Boston

text: hosts

text: more

text: pedestrian

text: commuters

text: than

text: do

text: other

text: comparably

text: populated

text: cities

text: Owing

text: to

text: factors

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: compactness

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: large

text: student

text: population

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: commutes

text: by

text: foot

text: making

text: it

text: the

text: highest

text: percentage

text: of

text: pedestrian

text: commuters

text: in

text: the

text: country

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: American

text: cities

text: In

text: Walk

text: Score

text: ranked

text: Boston

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: walkable

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: As

text: of

text: Walk

text: Score

text: still

text: ranks

text: Boston

text: as

text: the

text: third

text: most

text: walkable

text: US

text: city

text: with

text: a

text: Walk

text: Score

text: of

text: a

text: Transit

text: Score

text: of

text: and

text: a

text: Bike

text: Score

text: of

question: What is Bostons nickname?

answer: The Walking City

text: The Walking City

question: What type of commuters does Have than any other largely populated city?

answer: pedestrian

text: pedestrian

question: What percent of Boston's population commutes by walking?

answer: 13 percent

text: 13 percent

question: What year did walkscore rank Boston the third most walkable city in the US?

answer: 2015

question: What was the walk score given to Boston?

answer: 80


text: The energy levels of hydrogen can be calculated fairly accurately using the Bohr model of the atom, which conceptualizes the electron as "orbiting" the proton in analogy to the Earth's orbit of the Sun. However, the electromagnetic force attracts electrons and protons to one another, while planets and celestial objects are attracted to each other by gravity. Because of the discretization of angular momentum postulated in early quantum mechanics by Bohr, the electron in the Bohr model can only occupy certain allowed distances from the proton, and therefore only certain allowed energies.

title: Hydrogen

title: Hydrogen

text: The

text: energy

text: levels

text: of

text: hydrogen

text: can

text: be

text: calculated

text: fairly

text: accurately

text: using

text: the

text: Bohr

text: model

text: of

text: the

text: atom

text: which

text: conceptualizes

text: the

text: electron

text: as

text: orbiting

text: the

text: proton

text: in

text: analogy

text: to

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: orbit

text: of

text: the

text: Sun

text: However

text: the

text: electromagnetic

text: force

text: attracts

text: electrons

text: and

text: protons

text: to

text: one

text: another

text: while

text: planets

text: and

text: celestial

text: objects

text: are

text: attracted

text: to

text: each

text: other

text: by

text: gravity

text: Because

text: of

text: the

text: discretization

text: of

text: angular

text: momentum

text: postulated

text: in

text: early

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: by

text: Bohr

text: the

text: electron

text: in

text: the

text: Bohr

text: model

text: can

text: only

text: occupy

text: certain

text: allowed

text: distances

text: from

text: the

text: proton

text: and

text: therefore

text: only

text: certain

text: allowed

text: energies

question: What model id used to calculate energy levels of hydrogen?

answer: Bohr model

text: Bohr model

question: What attracts planets and celestial items?

answer: gravity

text: gravity

question: What does the electromagnetic force attract to one another?

answer: electrons and protons

text: electrons and protons


text: HDTV technology was introduced in the United States in the late 1980s and made official in 1993 by the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance, a group of television, electronic equipment, communications companies consisting of AT&T Bell Labs, General Instrument, Philips, Sarnoff, Thomson, Zenith and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Field testing of HDTV at 199 sites in the United States was completed August 14, 1994. The first public HDTV broadcast in the United States occurred on July 23, 1996 when the Raleigh, North Carolina television station WRAL-HD began broadcasting from the existing tower of WRAL-TV southeast of Raleigh, winning a race to be first with the HD Model Station in Washington, D.C., which began broadcasting July 31, 1996 with the callsign WHD-TV, based out of the facilities of NBC owned and operated station WRC-TV. The American Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) HDTV system had its public launch on October 29, 1998, during the live coverage of astronaut John Glenn's return mission to space on board the Space Shuttle Discovery. The signal was transmitted coast-to-coast, and was seen by the public in science centers, and other public theaters specially equipped to receive and display the broadcast.

title: High-definition_television

title: High

title: definition_television

text: HDTV

text: technology

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: and

text: made

text: official

text: in

text: by

text: the

text: Digital

text: HDTV

text: Grand

text: Alliance

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: television

text: electronic

text: equipment

text: communications

text: companies

text: consisting

text: of

text: AT&T

text: Bell

text: Labs

text: General

text: Instrument

text: Philips

text: Sarnoff

text: Thomson

text: Zenith

text: and

text: the

text: Massachusetts

text: Institute

text: of

text: Technology

text: Field

text: testing

text: of

text: HDTV

text: at

text: sites

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: was

text: completed

text: August

text: The

text: first

text: public

text: HDTV

text: broadcast

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: occurred

text: on

text: July

text: when

text: the

text: Raleigh

text: North

text: Carolina

text: television

text: station

text: WRAL

text: HD

text: began

text: broadcasting

text: from

text: the

text: existing

text: tower

text: of

text: WRAL

text: TV

text: southeast

text: of

text: Raleigh

text: winning

text: a

text: race

text: to

text: be

text: first

text: with

text: the

text: HD

text: Model

text: Station

text: in

text: Washington

text: D.C.

text: which

text: began

text: broadcasting

text: July

text: with

text: the

text: callsign

text: WHD

text: TV

text: based

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: facilities

text: of

text: NBC

text: owned

text: and

text: operated

text: station

text: WRC

text: TV

text: The

text: American

text: Advanced

text: Television

text: Systems

text: Committee

text: ATSC

text: HDTV

text: system

text: had

text: its

text: public

text: launch

text: on

text: October

text: during

text: the

text: live

text: coverage

text: of

text: astronaut

text: John

text: Glenn

text: 's

text: return

text: mission

text: to

text: space

text: on

text: board

text: the

text: Space

text: Shuttle

text: Discovery

text: The

text: signal

text: was

text: transmitted

text: coast

text: to

text: coast

text: and

text: was

text: seen

text: by

text: the

text: public

text: in

text: science

text: centers

text: and

text: other

text: public

text: theaters

text: specially

text: equipped

text: to

text: receive

text: and

text: display

text: the

text: broadcast

question: When was HDTV introduced in the US?

answer: late 1980s

text: late 1980s

question: Who made HDTV official in 1993?

answer: the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance

text: the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance

question: AT&T, Philips, Zenith, and MIT, among others, made up what group in the 90's?

answer: the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance

text: the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance

question: When did the first public HDTV broadcast happen in the US?

answer: July 23, 1996

text: July 23, 1996

question: What does ATSC stand for?

answer: Advanced Television Systems Committee

text: Advanced Television Systems Committee

question: When was SDTV introduced in the US?

text: late 1980s

question: Who made SDTV official in 1993?

text: the Digital HDTV Grand Alliance

question: AT&T, Philips, Zenith, and MIT, among others, made up what group in the 50's?

text: Digital HDTV Grand Alliance

question: When did the last public HDTV broadcast happen in the US?

text: July 23, 1996

question: What does STSC stand for?

text: Advanced Television Systems Committee


text: Nanjing, one of the nation's most important cities for over a thousand years, is recognized as one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China, and had been the world's largest city aggregately for hundreds of years, enjoyed peace and prosperity and beared wars and disasters. Nanjing served as the capital of Eastern Wu, one of the three major states in the Three Kingdoms period (211-280); the Eastern Jin and each of the Southern Dynasties (Liu Song, Southern Qi, Liang and Chen), which successively ruled southern China from 317-589; the Southern Tang, one of the Ten Kingdoms (937-76); the Ming dynasty when, for the first time, all of China was ruled from the city (1368-1421); and the Republic of China (1927–37, 1945–49) prior to its flight to Taiwan during the Chinese Civil War. The city also served as the seat of the rebel Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (1851–64) and the Japanese puppet regime of Wang Jingwei (1940–45) during the Second Sino-Japanese War, and suffered appalling atrocities in both conflicts, including the Nanjing Massacre. It has been serving as the capital city of Jiangsu province after the China was established, and is still the nominal capital of Republic of China that accommodates many of its important heritage sites, including the Presidential Palace and Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum. Nanjing is famous for human historical landscapes, mountains and waters such as Fuzimiao, Ming Palace, Chaotian Palace, Porcelain Tower, Drum Tower, Stone City, City Wall, Qinhuai River, Xuanwu Lake and Purple Mountain. Key cultural facilities include Nanjing Library, Nanjing Museum and Art Museum.

title: Nanjing

title: Nanjing

text: Nanjing

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: nation

text: 's

text: most

text: important

text: cities

text: for

text: over

text: a

text: thousand

text: years

text: is

text: recognized

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: Four

text: Great

text: Ancient

text: Capitals

text: of

text: China

text: and

text: had

text: been

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: largest

text: city

text: aggregately

text: for

text: hundreds

text: of

text: years

text: enjoyed

text: peace

text: and

text: prosperity

text: and

text: beared

text: wars

text: and

text: disasters

text: Nanjing

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: Eastern

text: Wu

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: three

text: major

text: states

text: in

text: the

text: Three

text: Kingdoms

text: period

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Jin

text: and

text: each

text: of

text: the

text: Southern

text: Dynasties

text: Liu

text: Song

text: Southern

text: Qi

text: Liang

text: and

text: Chen

text: which

text: successively

text: ruled

text: southern

text: China

text: from

text: the

text: Southern

text: Tang

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: Ten

text: Kingdoms

text: the

text: Ming

text: dynasty

text: when

text: for

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: all

text: of

text: China

text: was

text: ruled

text: from

text: the

text: city

text: and

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: prior

text: to

text: its

text: flight

text: to

text: Taiwan

text: during

text: the

text: Chinese

text: Civil

text: War

text: The

text: city

text: also

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: seat

text: of

text: the

text: rebel

text: Taiping

text: Heavenly

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: the

text: Japanese

text: puppet

text: regime

text: of

text: Wang

text: Jingwei

text: during

text: the

text: Second

text: Sino

text: Japanese

text: War

text: and

text: suffered

text: appalling

text: atrocities

text: in

text: both

text: conflicts

text: including

text: the

text: Nanjing

text: Massacre

text: It

text: has

text: been

text: serving

text: as

text: the

text: capital

text: city

text: of

text: Jiangsu

text: province

text: after

text: the

text: China

text: was

text: established

text: and

text: is

text: still

text: the

text: nominal

text: capital

text: of

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: that

text: accommodates

text: many

text: of

text: its

text: important

text: heritage

text: sites

text: including

text: the

text: Presidential

text: Palace

text: and

text: Sun

text: Yat

text: sen

text: Mausoleum

text: Nanjing

text: is

text: famous

text: for

text: human

text: historical

text: landscapes

text: mountains

text: and

text: waters

text: such

text: as

text: Fuzimiao

text: Ming

text: Palace

text: Chaotian

text: Palace

text: Porcelain

text: Tower

text: Drum

text: Tower

text: Stone

text: City

text: City

text: Wall

text: Qinhuai

text: River

text: Xuanwu

text: Lake

text: and

text: Purple

text: Mountain

text: Key

text: cultural

text: facilities

text: include

text: Nanjing

text: Library

text: Nanjing

text: Museum

text: and

text: Art

text: Museum

question: How long has Nanjing been important?

answer: over a thousand years

text: over a thousand years

question: How many Great Ancient Capitals does China have?

answer: Four

text: Four

question: What city is considered to be the nominal capital of the Republic of China?

answer: Nanjing

text: Nanjing

question: What mausoleum is in Nanjing?

answer: Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum

text: Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum

question: What city was the capital of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms era?

answer: Nanjing

text: Nanjing


text: In 2013, the northern atolls of the Marshall Islands experienced drought. The drought left 6,000 people surviving on less than 1 litre (0.22 imp gal; 0.26 US gal) of water per day. This resulted in the failure of food crops and the spread of diseases such as diarrhea, pink eye, and influenza. These emergencies resulted in the United States President declaring an emergency in the islands. This declaration activated support from US government agencies under the Republic's "free association" status with the United States, which provides humanitarian and other vital support.

title: Marshall_Islands

title: Marshall_Islands

text: In

text: the

text: northern

text: atolls

text: of

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: experienced

text: drought

text: The

text: drought

text: left

text: people

text: surviving

text: on

text: less

text: than

text: litre

text: imp

text: gal

text: US

text: gal

text: of

text: water

text: per

text: day

text: This

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: failure

text: of

text: food

text: crops

text: and

text: the

text: spread

text: of

text: diseases

text: such

text: as

text: diarrhea

text: pink

text: eye

text: and

text: influenza

text: These

text: emergencies

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: President

text: declaring

text: an

text: emergency

text: in

text: the

text: islands

text: This

text: declaration

text: activated

text: support

text: from

text: US

text: government

text: agencies

text: under

text: the

text: Republic

text: 's

text: free

text: association

text: status

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: which

text: provides

text: humanitarian

text: and

text: other

text: vital

text: support

question: What part of the Marshall Islands experienced drought in 2013?

answer: the northern atolls

text: the northern atolls

question: How many people were stricken by drought in 2013?

answer: 6,000

question: In the drought stricken areas, how many litres of water did residents consume each day?

answer: 1

question: Along with pink eye and influenza, what other health issue was caused by the drought?

answer: diarrhea

text: diarrhea

question: What official declared a state of emergency in the Marshall Islands in response to the drought?

answer: the United States President

text: the United States President


text: Charleston annually hosts Spoleto Festival USA founded by Gian Carlo Menotti, a 17-day art festival featuring over 100 performances by individual artists in a variety of disciplines. The Spoleto Festival is internationally recognized as America's premier performing arts festival. The annual Piccolo Spoleto festival takes place at the same time and features local performers and artists, with hundreds of performances throughout the city. Other festivals and events include Historic Charleston Foundation's Festival of Houses and Gardens and Charleston Antiques Show, the Taste of Charleston, The Lowcountry Oyster Festival, the Cooper River Bridge Run, The Charleston Marathon, Southeastern Wildlife Exposition (SEWE), Charleston Food and Wine Festival, Charleston Fashion Week, the MOJA Arts Festival, and the Holiday Festival of Lights (at James Island County Park), and the Charleston International Film Festival.

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

title: Charleston,_South_Carolina

text: Charleston

text: annually

text: hosts

text: Spoleto

text: Festival

text: USA

text: founded

text: by

text: Gian

text: Carlo

text: Menotti

text: a

text: art

text: festival

text: featuring

text: over

text: performances

text: by

text: individual

text: artists

text: in

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: disciplines

text: The

text: Spoleto

text: Festival

text: is

text: internationally

text: recognized

text: as

text: America

text: 's

text: premier

text: performing

text: arts

text: festival

text: The

text: annual

text: Piccolo

text: Spoleto

text: festival

text: takes

text: place

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: time

text: and

text: features

text: local

text: performers

text: and

text: artists

text: with

text: hundreds

text: of

text: performances

text: throughout

text: the

text: city

text: Other

text: festivals

text: and

text: events

text: include

text: Historic

text: Charleston

text: Foundation

text: 's

text: Festival

text: of

text: Houses

text: and

text: Gardens

text: and

text: Charleston

text: Antiques

text: Show

text: the

text: Taste

text: of

text: Charleston

text: The

text: Lowcountry

text: Oyster

text: Festival

text: the

text: Cooper

text: River

text: Bridge

text: Run

text: The

text: Charleston

text: Marathon

text: Southeastern

text: Wildlife

text: Exposition

text: SEWE

text: Charleston

text: Food

text: and

text: Wine

text: Festival

text: Charleston

text: Fashion

text: Week

text: the

text: MOJA

text: Arts

text: Festival

text: and

text: the

text: Holiday

text: Festival

text: of

text: Lights

text: at

text: James

text: Island

text: County

text: Park

text: and

text: the

text: Charleston

text: International

text: Film

text: Festival

question: How many days does the Spoleto Festival USA run each year?

answer: 17

question: What kind of festival is Spoleto Festival USA?

answer: art festival

text: art festival

question: The Holiday Festival of Lights are held where?

answer: James Island County Park

text: James Island County Park

question: About how many performances are there in the Spoleto Festival USA?

answer: over 100 performances

text: over 100 performances

question: Who founded the Spoleto Festival USA?

answer: Gian Carlo Menotti

text: Gian Carlo Menotti

question: How many days does the Spoleto Festival UK run each year?

question: What kind of festival is Spoleto Festival UK?

text: art festival

question: The Holiday Festival of Lights aren't held where?

text: James Island County Park

question: About how many performances are there in the Spoleto Festival UK?

text: over 100 performances

question: Who founded the Spoleto Festival UK?

text: Gian Carlo Menotti


text: Critics also note the entertaining methods used to drive the plot. When Atticus is out of town, Jem locks a Sunday school classmate in the church basement with the furnace during a game of Shadrach. This prompts their black housekeeper Calpurnia to escort Scout and Jem to her church, which allows the children a glimpse into her personal life, as well as Tom Robinson's. Scout falls asleep during the Halloween pageant and makes a tardy entrance onstage, causing the audience to laugh uproariously. She is so distracted and embarrassed that she prefers to go home in her ham costume, which saves her life.

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

title: To_Kill_a_Mockingbird

text: Critics

text: also

text: note

text: the

text: entertaining

text: methods

text: used

text: to

text: drive

text: the

text: plot

text: When

text: Atticus

text: is

text: out

text: of

text: town

text: Jem

text: locks

text: a

text: Sunday

text: school

text: classmate

text: in

text: the

text: church

text: basement

text: with

text: the

text: furnace

text: during

text: a

text: game

text: of

text: Shadrach

text: This

text: prompts

text: their

text: black

text: housekeeper

text: Calpurnia

text: to

text: escort

text: Scout

text: and

text: Jem

text: to

text: her

text: church

text: which

text: allows

text: the

text: children

text: a

text: glimpse

text: into

text: her

text: personal

text: life

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Tom

text: Robinson

text: 's

text: Scout

text: falls

text: asleep

text: during

text: the

text: Halloween

text: pageant

text: and

text: makes

text: a

text: tardy

text: entrance

text: onstage

text: causing

text: the

text: audience

text: to

text: laugh

text: uproariously

text: She

text: is

text: so

text: distracted

text: and

text: embarrassed

text: that

text: she

text: prefers

text: to

text: go

text: home

text: in

text: her

text: ham

text: costume

text: which

text: saves

text: her

text: life

question: Where does Jem trap a fellow peer of school in the story?

answer: church basement

text: church basement

question: What is the name of the maid who works in the Finch's household?

answer: Calpurnia

text: Calpurnia

question: How does Scout respond to the audience?

answer: distracted and embarrassed

text: distracted and embarrassed

question: What saves Scout's life?

answer: ham costume

text: ham costume


text: During the middle decades of the 18th century, there were several outbreaks of military conflict on the Indian subcontinent, the Carnatic Wars, as the English East India Company (the Company) and its French counterpart, the Compagnie française des Indes orientales, struggled alongside local rulers to fill the vacuum that had been left by the decline of the Mughal Empire. The Battle of Plassey in 1757, in which the British, led by Robert Clive, defeated the Nawab of Bengal and his French allies, left the Company in control of Bengal and as the major military and political power in India. France was left control of its enclaves but with military restrictions and an obligation to support British client states, ending French hopes of controlling India. In the following decades the Company gradually increased the size of the territories under its control, either ruling directly or via local rulers under the threat of force from the British Indian Army, the vast majority of which was composed of Indian sepoys.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: During

text: the

text: middle

text: decades

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: there

text: were

text: several

text: outbreaks

text: of

text: military

text: conflict

text: on

text: the

text: Indian

text: subcontinent

text: the

text: Carnatic

text: Wars

text: as

text: the

text: English

text: East

text: India

text: Company

text: the

text: Company

text: and

text: its

text: French

text: counterpart

text: the

text: Compagnie

text: française

text: des

text: Indes

text: orientales

text: struggled

text: alongside

text: local

text: rulers

text: to

text: fill

text: the

text: vacuum

text: that

text: had

text: been

text: left

text: by

text: the

text: decline

text: of

text: the

text: Mughal

text: Empire

text: The

text: Battle

text: of

text: Plassey

text: in

text: in

text: which

text: the

text: British

text: led

text: by

text: Robert

text: Clive

text: defeated

text: the

text: Nawab

text: of

text: Bengal

text: and

text: his

text: French

text: allies

text: left

text: the

text: Company

text: in

text: control

text: of

text: Bengal

text: and

text: as

text: the

text: major

text: military

text: and

text: political

text: power

text: in

text: India

text: France

text: was

text: left

text: control

text: of

text: its

text: enclaves

text: but

text: with

text: military

text: restrictions

text: and

text: an

text: obligation

text: to

text: support

text: British

text: client

text: states

text: ending

text: French

text: hopes

text: of

text: controlling

text: India

text: In

text: the

text: following

text: decades

text: the

text: Company

text: gradually

text: increased

text: the

text: size

text: of

text: the

text: territories

text: under

text: its

text: control

text: either

text: ruling

text: directly

text: or

text: via

text: local

text: rulers

text: under

text: the

text: threat

text: of

text: force

text: from

text: the

text: British

text: Indian

text: Army

text: the

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: composed

text: of

text: Indian

text: sepoys

question: What was the French equivalent of the English East India Company?

answer: Compagnie française des Indes orientales

text: Compagnie française des Indes orientales

question: When was the Battle of Plassey?

answer: 1757

question: Who led the British in the Battle of Plassey?

answer: Robert Clive

text: Robert Clive

question: Where were the Carnatic Wars?

answer: British Indian Army

text: British Indian Army

question: What was the British Indian Army mostly composed of?

answer: Indian sepoys

text: Indian sepoys


text: Since at least the time of the Ancient Greeks, a proportion of Jews have assimilated into the wider non-Jewish society around them, by either choice or force, ceasing to practice Judaism and losing their Jewish identity. Assimilation took place in all areas, and during all time periods, with some Jewish communities, for example the Kaifeng Jews of China, disappearing entirely. The advent of the Jewish Enlightenment of the 18th century (see Haskalah) and the subsequent emancipation of the Jewish populations of Europe and America in the 19th century, accelerated the situation, encouraging Jews to increasingly participate in, and become part of, secular society. The result has been a growing trend of assimilation, as Jews marry non-Jewish spouses and stop participating in the Jewish community.

title: Jews

title: Jews

text: Since

text: at

text: least

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: Ancient

text: Greeks

text: a

text: proportion

text: of

text: Jews

text: have

text: assimilated

text: into

text: the

text: wider

text: non

text: Jewish

text: society

text: around

text: them

text: by

text: either

text: choice

text: or

text: force

text: ceasing

text: to

text: practice

text: Judaism

text: and

text: losing

text: their

text: Jewish

text: identity

text: Assimilation

text: took

text: place

text: in

text: all

text: areas

text: and

text: during

text: all

text: time

text: periods

text: with

text: some

text: Jewish

text: communities

text: for

text: example

text: the

text: Kaifeng

text: Jews

text: of

text: China

text: disappearing

text: entirely

text: The

text: advent

text: of

text: the

text: Jewish

text: Enlightenment

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: see

text: Haskalah

text: and

text: the

text: subsequent

text: emancipation

text: of

text: the

text: Jewish

text: populations

text: of

text: Europe

text: and

text: America

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: accelerated

text: the

text: situation

text: encouraging

text: Jews

text: to

text: increasingly

text: participate

text: in

text: and

text: become

text: part

text: of

text: secular

text: society

text: The

text: result

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: growing

text: trend

text: of

text: assimilation

text: as

text: Jews

text: marry

text: non

text: Jewish

text: spouses

text: and

text: stop

text: participating

text: in

text: the

text: Jewish

text: community

question: When did the advent of the Jewish Enlightenment occur?

answer: 18th century

text: 18th century

question: What was a result of the Jewish Enlightenment?

answer: growing trend of assimilation

text: growing trend of assimilation

question: Name a Jewish community that disappeared entirely?

answer: Kaifeng Jews of China

text: Kaifeng Jews of China

question: Where did assimilation never take place?

text: in all areas

question: What Jewish community has never disappeared?

text: Kaifeng Jews of China

question: What encouraged Jews to not participate in secular society?

text: the Jewish Enlightenment

question: What has not been caused by Jews assimilating?

text: Jews marry non-Jewish spouses


text: Since 1718, transportation to the American colonies had been a penalty for various criminal offences in Britain, with approximately one thousand convicts transported per year across the Atlantic. Forced to find an alternative location after the loss of the 13 Colonies in 1783, the British government turned to the newly discovered lands of Australia. The western coast of Australia had been discovered for Europeans by the Dutch explorer Willem Jansz in 1606 and was later named New Holland by the Dutch East India Company, but there was no attempt to colonise it. In 1770 James Cook discovered the eastern coast of Australia while on a scientific voyage to the South Pacific Ocean, claimed the continent for Britain, and named it New South Wales. In 1778, Joseph Banks, Cook's botanist on the voyage, presented evidence to the government on the suitability of Botany Bay for the establishment of a penal settlement, and in 1787 the first shipment of convicts set sail, arriving in 1788. Britain continued to transport convicts to New South Wales until 1840. The Australian colonies became profitable exporters of wool and gold, mainly because of gold rushes in the colony of Victoria, making its capital Melbourne the richest city in the world and the largest city after London in the British Empire.

title: British_Empire

title: British_Empire

text: Since

text: transportation

text: to

text: the

text: American

text: colonies

text: had

text: been

text: a

text: penalty

text: for

text: various

text: criminal

text: offences

text: in

text: Britain

text: with

text: approximately

text: one

text: thousand

text: convicts

text: transported

text: per

text: year

text: across

text: the

text: Atlantic

text: Forced

text: to

text: find

text: an

text: alternative

text: location

text: after

text: the

text: loss

text: of

text: the

text: Colonies

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: turned

text: to

text: the

text: newly

text: discovered

text: lands

text: of

text: Australia

text: The

text: western

text: coast

text: of

text: Australia

text: had

text: been

text: discovered

text: for

text: Europeans

text: by

text: the

text: Dutch

text: explorer

text: Willem

text: Jansz

text: in

text: and

text: was

text: later

text: named

text: New

text: Holland

text: by

text: the

text: Dutch

text: East

text: India

text: Company

text: but

text: there

text: was

text: no

text: attempt

text: to

text: colonise

text: it

text: In

text: James

text: Cook

text: discovered

text: the

text: eastern

text: coast

text: of

text: Australia

text: while

text: on

text: a

text: scientific

text: voyage

text: to

text: the

text: South

text: Pacific

text: Ocean

text: claimed

text: the

text: continent

text: for

text: Britain

text: and

text: named

text: it

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: In

text: Joseph

text: Banks

text: Cook

text: 's

text: botanist

text: on

text: the

text: voyage

text: presented

text: evidence

text: to

text: the

text: government

text: on

text: the

text: suitability

text: of

text: Botany

text: Bay

text: for

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: a

text: penal

text: settlement

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: shipment

text: of

text: convicts

text: set

text: sail

text: arriving

text: in

text: Britain

text: continued

text: to

text: transport

text: convicts

text: to

text: New

text: South

text: Wales

text: until

text: The

text: Australian

text: colonies

text: became

text: profitable

text: exporters

text: of

text: wool

text: and

text: gold

text: mainly

text: because

text: of

text: gold

text: rushes

text: in

text: the

text: colony

text: of

text: Victoria

text: making

text: its

text: capital

text: Melbourne

text: the

text: richest

text: city

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: and

text: the

text: largest

text: city

text: after

text: London

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

question: How many convicts per year had Britain been sending to the American colonies?

answer: one thousand

text: one thousand

question: Where did Britain switch to sending their convicts after the loss of the American colonies?

answer: Australia

text: Australia

question: Who discovered Australia in 1606?

answer: Willem Jansz

text: Willem Jansz

question: What had the Dutch East India Company initially named Australia?

answer: New Holland

text: New Holland

question: When did the first shipment of British convicts leave for Australia?

answer: 1787


text: Jehovah's Witnesses believe their highest allegiance belongs to God's kingdom, which is viewed as an actual government in heaven, with Christ as king. They remain politically neutral, do not seek public office, and are discouraged from voting, though individual members may participate in uncontroversial community improvement issues. Although they do not take part in politics, they respect the authority of the governments under which they live. They do not celebrate religious holidays such as Christmas and Easter, nor do they observe birthdays, nationalistic holidays, or other celebrations they consider to honor people other than Jesus. They feel that these and many other customs have pagan origins or reflect a nationalistic or political spirit. Their position is that these traditional holidays reflect Satan's control over the world. Witnesses are told that spontaneous giving at other times can help their children to not feel deprived of birthdays or other celebrations.

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

title: Jehovah%27s_Witnesses

text: Jehovah

text: 's

text: Witnesses

text: believe

text: their

text: highest

text: allegiance

text: belongs

text: to

text: God

text: 's

text: kingdom

text: which

text: is

text: viewed

text: as

text: an

text: actual

text: government

text: in

text: heaven

text: with

text: Christ

text: as

text: king

text: They

text: remain

text: politically

text: neutral

text: do

text: not

text: seek

text: public

text: office

text: and

text: are

text: discouraged

text: from

text: voting

text: though

text: individual

text: members

text: may

text: participate

text: in

text: uncontroversial

text: community

text: improvement

text: issues

text: Although

text: they

text: do

text: not

text: take

text: part

text: in

text: politics

text: they

text: respect

text: the

text: authority

text: of

text: the

text: governments

text: under

text: which

text: they

text: live

text: They

text: do

text: not

text: celebrate

text: religious

text: holidays

text: such

text: as

text: Christmas

text: and

text: Easter

text: nor

text: do

text: they

text: observe

text: birthdays

text: nationalistic

text: holidays

text: or

text: other

text: celebrations

text: they

text: consider

text: to

text: honor

text: people

text: other

text: than

text: Jesus

text: They

text: feel

text: that

text: these

text: and

text: many

text: other

text: customs

text: have

text: pagan

text: origins

text: or

text: reflect

text: a

text: nationalistic

text: or

text: political

text: spirit

text: Their

text: position

text: is

text: that

text: these

text: traditional

text: holidays

text: reflect

text: Satan

text: 's

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: world

text: Witnesses

text: are

text: told

text: that

text: spontaneous

text: giving

text: at

text: other

text: times

text: can

text: help

text: their

text: children

text: to

text: not

text: feel

text: deprived

text: of

text: birthdays

text: or

text: other

text: celebrations

question: Who is king of God's kingdom in heaven?

answer: Christ

text: Christ

question: What do Jehovah Witnesses remain politically?

answer: neutral

text: neutral

question: What are Jehovah Witnesses discouraged from doing?

answer: voting

text: voting

question: Why do Jehovah Witnesses forego religious holidays and birthdays or other celebrations?

answer: they consider to honor people other than Jesus

text: they consider to honor people other than Jesus

question: What do Jehovah Witnesses feel all the traditional holidays reflect?

answer: Satan's control over the world

text: Satan's control over the world

question: What Protestant group encourages their members to celebrate Easter?

text: Jehovah's Witnesses

question: What Protestant religion encourages members to vote in elections?

text: Jehovah's Witnesses

question: What is one of the Protestant religions that thinks it's fun to celebrate their kid's birthdays?

text: Jehovah's Witnesses

question: What is one of the Protestant religions that thinks celebrating things other than Jesus are ok?

text: Jehovah's Witnesses

question: What is one of the Protestant religions that enjoys celebrating Christmas with one another?

text: Jehovah's Witnesses


text: Northwestern's School of Communication has been especially fruitful in the number of actors, actresses, playwrights, and film and television writers and directors it has produced. Alumni who have made their mark on film and television include Ann-Margret, Warren Beatty, Jodie Markell, Paul Lynde, David Schwimmer, Anne Dudek, Zach Braff, Zooey Deschanel, Marg Helgenberger, Julia Louis-Dreyfus, Jerry Orbach, Jennifer Jones, Megan Mullally, John Cameron Mitchell, Dermot Mulroney, Charlton Heston, Richard Kind, Ana Gasteyer, Brad Hall, Shelley Long, William Daniels, Cloris Leachman, Bonnie Bartlett, Paula Prentiss, Richard Benjamin, Laura Innes, Charles Busch, Stephanie March, Tony Roberts, Jeri Ryan, Kimberly Williams-Paisley, McLean Stevenson, Tony Randall, Charlotte Rae, Paul Lynde, Patricia Neal, Nancy Dussault, Robert Reed, Mara Brock Akil, Greg Berlanti, Bill Nuss, Dusty Kay, Dan Shor, Seth Meyers, Frank DeCaro, Zach Gilford, Nicole Sullivan, Stephen Colbert, Sandra Seacat and Garry Marshall. Directors who were graduated from Northwestern include Gerald Freedman, Stuart Hagmann, Marshall W. Mason, and Mary Zimmerman. Lee Phillip Bell hosted a talk show in Chicago from 1952 to 1986 and co-created the Daytime Emmy Award-winning soap operas The Young and the Restless in 1973 and The Bold and the Beautiful in 1987. Alumni such as Sheldon Harnick, Stephanie D'Abruzzo, Heather Headley, Kristen Schaal, Lily Rabe, and Walter Kerr have distinguished themselves on Broadway, as has designer Bob Mackie. Amsterdam-based comedy theater Boom Chicago was founded by Northwestern alumni, and the school has become a training ground for future The Second City, I.O., ComedySportz, Mad TV and Saturday Night Live talent. Tam Spiva wrote scripts for The Brady Bunch and Gentle Ben. In New York, Los Angeles, and Chicago, the number of Northwestern alumni involved in theater, film, and television is so large that a perception has formed that there's such a thing as a "Northwestern mafia."

title: Northwestern_University

title: Northwestern_University

text: Northwestern

text: 's

text: School

text: of

text: Communication

text: has

text: been

text: especially

text: fruitful

text: in

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: actors

text: actresses

text: playwrights

text: and

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: writers

text: and

text: directors

text: it

text: has

text: produced

text: Alumni

text: who

text: have

text: made

text: their

text: mark

text: on

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: include

text: Ann

text: Margret

text: Warren

text: Beatty

text: Jodie

text: Markell

text: Paul

text: Lynde

text: David

text: Schwimmer

text: Anne

text: Dudek

text: Zach

text: Braff

text: Zooey

text: Deschanel

text: Marg

text: Helgenberger

text: Julia

text: Louis

text: Dreyfus

text: Jerry

text: Orbach

text: Jennifer

text: Jones

text: Megan

text: Mullally

text: John

text: Cameron

text: Mitchell

text: Dermot

text: Mulroney

text: Charlton

text: Heston

text: Richard

text: Kind

text: Ana

text: Gasteyer

text: Brad

text: Hall

text: Shelley

text: Long

text: William

text: Daniels

text: Cloris

text: Leachman

text: Bonnie

text: Bartlett

text: Paula

text: Prentiss

text: Richard

text: Benjamin

text: Laura

text: Innes

text: Charles

text: Busch

text: Stephanie

text: March

text: Tony

text: Roberts

text: Jeri

text: Ryan

text: Kimberly

text: Williams

text: Paisley

text: McLean

text: Stevenson

text: Tony

text: Randall

text: Charlotte

text: Rae

text: Paul

text: Lynde

text: Patricia

text: Neal

text: Nancy

text: Dussault

text: Robert

text: Reed

text: Mara

text: Brock

text: Akil

text: Greg

text: Berlanti

text: Bill

text: Nuss

text: Dusty

text: Kay

text: Dan

text: Shor

text: Seth

text: Meyers

text: Frank

text: DeCaro

text: Zach

text: Gilford

text: Nicole

text: Sullivan

text: Stephen

text: Colbert

text: Sandra

text: Seacat

text: and

text: Garry

text: Marshall

text: Directors

text: who

text: were

text: graduated

text: from

text: Northwestern

text: include

text: Gerald

text: Freedman

text: Stuart

text: Hagmann

text: Marshall

text: W.

text: Mason

text: and

text: Mary

text: Zimmerman

text: Lee

text: Phillip

text: Bell

text: hosted

text: a

text: talk

text: show

text: in

text: Chicago

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: co

text: created

text: the

text: Daytime

text: Emmy

text: Award

text: winning

text: soap

text: operas

text: The

text: Young

text: and

text: the

text: Restless

text: in

text: and

text: The

text: Bold

text: and

text: the

text: Beautiful

text: in

text: Alumni

text: such

text: as

text: Sheldon

text: Harnick

text: Stephanie

text: D'Abruzzo

text: Heather

text: Headley

text: Kristen

text: Schaal

text: Lily

text: Rabe

text: and

text: Walter

text: Kerr

text: have

text: distinguished

text: themselves

text: on

text: Broadway

text: as

text: has

text: designer

text: Bob

text: Mackie

text: Amsterdam

text: based

text: comedy

text: theater

text: Boom

text: Chicago

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: Northwestern

text: alumni

text: and

text: the

text: school

text: has

text: become

text: a

text: training

text: ground

text: for

text: future

text: The

text: Second

text: City

text: I.O.

text: ComedySportz

text: Mad

text: TV

text: and

text: Saturday

text: Night

text: Live

text: talent

text: Tam

text: Spiva

text: wrote

text: scripts

text: for

text: The

text: Brady

text: Bunch

text: and

text: Gentle

text: Ben

text: In

text: New

text: York

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: and

text: Chicago

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: Northwestern

text: alumni

text: involved

text: in

text: theater

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: is

text: so

text: large

text: that

text: a

text: perception

text: has

text: formed

text: that

text: there

text: 's

text: such

text: a

text: thing

text: as

text: a

text: Northwestern

text: mafia

question: Who founded the Amsterdam based comedy theater Boom Chicago?

answer: Northwestern alumni

text: Northwestern alumni

question: Where did actor Warren Beatty attend school?

answer: Northwestern's School of Communication

text: Northwestern's School of Communication

question: Where did actor Charlton Heston attend school?

answer: Northwestern's School of Communication

text: Northwestern's School of Communication

question: Where did director Gerald Freedman attend school?

answer: Northwestern's School of Communication

text: Northwestern's School of Communication

question: Which alumni was a co-creator of "The Young and the Restless", and "The Bold and the Beautiful"?

answer: Lee Phillip Bell

text: Lee Phillip Bell

question: Who founded the Amsterdam based comedy theater Boom Chicago?

text: Alumni

question: Where didn't actor Warren Beatty attend school?

text: Northwestern's School of Communication

question: Which alumni was an actor on "The Young and the Restless", and "The Bold and the Beautiful"?

text: Lee Phillip Bell

question: Where didn't actor Charlton Heston attend school?

text: Northwestern's School of Communication


text: So that the maximum number of colors can be accurately reproduced on your computer screen, each color has been given a code number, or sRGB, which tells your computer the intensity of the red, green and blue components of that color. The intensity of each component is measured on a scale of zero to 255, which means the complete list includes 16,777,216 distinct colors and shades. The sRGB number of pure red, for example, is 255, 00, 00, which means the red component is at its maximum intensity, and there is no green or blue. The sRGB number for crimson is 220, 20, 60, which means that the red is slightly less intense and therefore darker, there is some green, which leans it toward orange; and there is a larger amount of blue,which makes it slightly blue-violet.

title: Red

title: Red

text: So

text: that

text: the

text: maximum

text: number

text: of

text: colors

text: can

text: be

text: accurately

text: reproduced

text: on

text: your

text: computer

text: screen

text: each

text: color

text: has

text: been

text: given

text: a

text: code

text: number

text: or

text: sRGB

text: which

text: tells

text: your

text: computer

text: the

text: intensity

text: of

text: the

text: red

text: green

text: and

text: blue

text: components

text: of

text: that

text: color

text: The

text: intensity

text: of

text: each

text: component

text: is

text: measured

text: on

text: a

text: scale

text: of

text: zero

text: to

text: which

text: means

text: the

text: complete

text: list

text: includes

text: distinct

text: colors

text: and

text: shades

text: The

text: sRGB

text: number

text: of

text: pure

text: red

text: for

text: example

text: is

text: which

text: means

text: the

text: red

text: component

text: is

text: at

text: its

text: maximum

text: intensity

text: and

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: green

text: or

text: blue

text: The

text: sRGB

text: number

text: for

text: crimson

text: is

text: which

text: means

text: that

text: the

text: red

text: is

text: slightly

text: less

text: intense

text: and

text: therefore

text: darker

text: there

text: is

text: some

text: green

text: which

text: leans

text: it

text: toward

text: orange

text: and

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: larger

text: amount

text: of

text: blue

text: which

text: makes

text: it

text: slightly

text: blue

text: violet

question: Over what numerical scale is color measured on a computer screen?

answer: zero to 255,

text: zero to 255,

question: What is the total number of possible sRGB colors?

answer: 16,777,216

question: What is the number used to indicate pure red in sRGB?

answer: 255, 00, 00

text: 255, 00, 00

question: Crimson is identified by what sRGB number?

answer: 220, 20, 60

text: 220, 20, 60

question: What is an sRBG?

text: a code number

question: What is measure on a scale from 0 to 525?

text: The intensity of each component

question: What are there 16,777,126 of?

text: distinct colors and shades

question: What color has an sRGB number of 250, 05, 00?

text: pure red

question: What color has an sRBG number of 220, 20, 60?

text: crimson


text: Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach 8 League Championships. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, 12. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup "Doubles" (in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach the final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2–1 to Barcelona.

title: Arsenal_F.C.

title: Arsenal_F.C.

text: Arsenal

text: 's

text: tally

text: of

text: League

text: Championships

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: highest

text: in

text: English

text: football

text: after

text: Manchester

text: United

text: and

text: Liverpool

text: and

text: they

text: were

text: the

text: first

text: club

text: to

text: reach

text: League

text: Championships

text: They

text: hold

text: the

text: highest

text: number

text: of

text: FA

text: Cup

text: trophies

text: The

text: club

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: six

text: clubs

text: to

text: have

text: won

text: the

text: FA

text: Cup

text: twice

text: in

text: succession

text: in

text: and

text: and

text: and

text: Arsenal

text: have

text: achieved

text: three

text: League

text: and

text: FA

text: Cup

text: Doubles

text: in

text: and

text: a

text: feat

text: only

text: previously

text: achieved

text: by

text: Manchester

text: United

text: in

text: and

text: They

text: were

text: the

text: first

text: side

text: in

text: English

text: football

text: to

text: complete

text: the

text: FA

text: Cup

text: and

text: League

text: Cup

text: double

text: in

text: Arsenal

text: were

text: also

text: the

text: first

text: London

text: club

text: to

text: reach

text: the

text: final

text: of

text: the

text: UEFA

text: Champions

text: League

text: in

text: losing

text: the

text: final

text: to

text: Barcelona

question: How many League Championships has Arsenal won?

answer: 13

question: Where does Arsenal's total League Championships place it as compared to other English teams?

answer: third highest

text: third highest

question: Of what type of trophies does Arsenal have the most?

answer: FA Cup trophies

text: FA Cup trophies

question: In what competition was Arsenal the first to enter the finals?

answer: UEFA Champions League

text: UEFA Champions League

question: What team beat Arsenal to win the 2006 UEFA Champions League?

answer: Barcelona

text: Barcelona

question: What is one of the other teams that has won the FA Cup twice in succession?

text: Liverpool

question: How many times has Barcelona won the UEFA Champions League?

text: twice

question: In what year was Liverpool's last League Championship?

question: In what year did Manchester United when its first League Championship?

question: Which team has the second most FA Cup trophies?

text: Manchester United


text: Daylight saving has caused controversy since it began. Winston Churchill argued that it enlarges "the opportunities for the pursuit of health and happiness among the millions of people who live in this country" and pundits have dubbed it "Daylight Slaving Time". Historically, retailing, sports, and tourism interests have favored daylight saving, while agricultural and evening entertainment interests have opposed it, and its initial adoption had been prompted by energy crisis and war.

title: Daylight_saving_time

title: Daylight_saving_time

text: Daylight

text: saving

text: has

text: caused

text: controversy

text: since

text: it

text: began

text: Winston

text: Churchill

text: argued

text: that

text: it

text: enlarges

text: the

text: opportunities

text: for

text: the

text: pursuit

text: of

text: health

text: and

text: happiness

text: among

text: the

text: millions

text: of

text: people

text: who

text: live

text: in

text: this

text: country

text: and

text: pundits

text: have

text: dubbed

text: it

text: Daylight

text: Slaving

text: Time

text: Historically

text: retailing

text: sports

text: and

text: tourism

text: interests

text: have

text: favored

text: daylight

text: saving

text: while

text: agricultural

text: and

text: evening

text: entertainment

text: interests

text: have

text: opposed

text: it

text: and

text: its

text: initial

text: adoption

text: had

text: been

text: prompted

text: by

text: energy

text: crisis

text: and

text: war

question: What leader said daylight saving gives people more "opportunities for the pursuit of health and happiness"?

answer: Winston Churchill

text: Winston Churchill

question: What nickname have people in opposition to DST given it?

answer: Daylight Slaving Time

text: Daylight Slaving Time

question: In addition to the evening entertainment industry, people from what industry often oppose daylight saving?

answer: agricultural

text: agricultural

question: Traditionally, retailing, tourism, and what other industry have been in favor of DST?

answer: sports

text: sports

question: Along with energy crisis, what other significant historical event led to countries adopting DST?

answer: war

text: war


text: Emperor Zhang's (r. 75–88 AD) reign came to be viewed by later Eastern Han scholars as the high point of the dynastic house. Subsequent reigns were increasingly marked by eunuch intervention in court politics and their involvement in the violent power struggles of the imperial consort clans. With the aid of the eunuch Zheng Zhong (d. 107 AD), Emperor He (r. 88–105 AD) had Empress Dowager Dou (d. 97 AD) put under house arrest and her clan stripped of power. This was in revenge for Dou's purging of the clan of his natural mother—Consort Liang—and then concealing her identity from him. After Emperor He's death, his wife Empress Deng Sui (d. 121 AD) managed state affairs as the regent empress dowager during a turbulent financial crisis and widespread Qiang rebellion that lasted from 107 to 118 AD.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: Emperor

text: Zhang

text: 's

text: r.

text: AD

text: reign

text: came

text: to

text: be

text: viewed

text: by

text: later

text: Eastern

text: Han

text: scholars

text: as

text: the

text: high

text: point

text: of

text: the

text: dynastic

text: house

text: Subsequent

text: reigns

text: were

text: increasingly

text: marked

text: by

text: eunuch

text: intervention

text: in

text: court

text: politics

text: and

text: their

text: involvement

text: in

text: the

text: violent

text: power

text: struggles

text: of

text: the

text: imperial

text: consort

text: clans

text: With

text: the

text: aid

text: of

text: the

text: eunuch

text: Zheng

text: Zhong

text: d.

text: AD

text: Emperor

text: He

text: r.

text: AD

text: had

text: Empress

text: Dowager

text: Dou

text: d.

text: AD

text: put

text: under

text: house

text: arrest

text: and

text: her

text: clan

text: stripped

text: of

text: power

text: This

text: was

text: in

text: revenge

text: for

text: Dou

text: 's

text: purging

text: of

text: the

text: clan

text: of

text: his

text: natural

text: mother

text: Consort

text: Liang

text: and

text: then

text: concealing

text: her

text: identity

text: from

text: him

text: After

text: Emperor

text: He

text: 's

text: death

text: his

text: wife

text: Empress

text: Deng

text: Sui

text: d.

text: AD

text: managed

text: state

text: affairs

text: as

text: the

text: regent

text: empress

text: dowager

text: during

text: a

text: turbulent

text: financial

text: crisis

text: and

text: widespread

text: Qiang

text: rebellion

text: that

text: lasted

text: from

text: to

text: AD

question: Who was prevented from leaving their house?

answer: Empress Dowager Dou

text: Empress Dowager Dou

question: When did Emperor He's reign end?

answer: 105 AD

text: 105 AD

question: Who managed the state after the death of Emperor He?

answer: Empress Deng Sui

text: Empress Deng Sui

question: When did the Qiang rebellion end?

answer: 118 AD

text: 118 AD

question: Who concealed the identity of Emperor He's mother?

answer: Empress Dowager Dou

text: Empress Dowager Dou


text: Winston Churchill, on forming his government in 1940, created the office of Minister of Defence to exercise ministerial control over the Chiefs of Staff Committee and to co-ordinate defence matters. The post was held by the Prime Minister of the day until Clement Attlee's government introduced the Ministry of Defence Act of 1946. The new ministry was headed by a Minister of Defence who possessed a seat in the Cabinet. The three existing service Ministers—the Secretary of State for War, the First Lord of the Admiralty, and the Secretary of State for Air—remained in direct operational control of their respective services, but ceased to attend Cabinet.

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom

text: Winston

text: Churchill

text: on

text: forming

text: his

text: government

text: in

text: created

text: the

text: office

text: of

text: Minister

text: of

text: Defence

text: to

text: exercise

text: ministerial

text: control

text: over

text: the

text: Chiefs

text: of

text: Staff

text: Committee

text: and

text: to

text: co

text: ordinate

text: defence

text: matters

text: The

text: post

text: was

text: held

text: by

text: the

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: of

text: the

text: day

text: until

text: Clement

text: Attlee

text: 's

text: government

text: introduced

text: the

text: Ministry

text: of

text: Defence

text: Act

text: of

text: The

text: new

text: ministry

text: was

text: headed

text: by

text: a

text: Minister

text: of

text: Defence

text: who

text: possessed

text: a

text: seat

text: in

text: the

text: Cabinet

text: The

text: three

text: existing

text: service

text: Ministers

text: the

text: Secretary

text: of

text: State

text: for

text: War

text: the

text: First

text: Lord

text: of

text: the

text: Admiralty

text: and

text: the

text: Secretary

text: of

text: State

text: for

text: Air

text: remained

text: in

text: direct

text: operational

text: control

text: of

text: their

text: respective

text: services

text: but

text: ceased

text: to

text: attend

text: Cabinet

question: Who created the office of Minister of Defence?

answer: Winston Churchill

text: Winston Churchill

question: When was the Ministry of Defence Act introduced?

answer: 1946

question: When did Winstron Churchill form his government?

answer: 1940

question: The new ministry, according to the Act of 1946, was headed by a Minister of Defence who possessed what?

answer: a seat in the Cabinet

text: a seat in the Cabinet

question: Who stopped attending Cabinet with the passage of the Ministry of Defence Act of 1946?

answer: the Secretary of State for War, the First Lord of the Admiralty, and the Secretary of State for Air

text: the Secretary of State for War, the First Lord of the Admiralty, and the Secretary of State for Air

question: Who created the Chiefs of Staff Committee?

text: Winston Churchill

question: Who was the Secretary of State for War?

text: the Prime Minister of the day

question: How long did someone hold the position of Secretary of State for War?

question: When was the Secretary of State Act introduced?

question: What did Winston Churchill possess while Minister of Defence?

text: a seat in the Cabinet


text: On the other hand, changes through the Phanerozoic correlate much better with the hyperbolic model (widely used in population biology, demography and macrosociology, as well as fossil biodiversity) than with exponential and logistic models. The latter models imply that changes in diversity are guided by a first-order positive feedback (more ancestors, more descendants) and/or a negative feedback arising from resource limitation. Hyperbolic model implies a second-order positive feedback. The hyperbolic pattern of the world population growth arises from a second-order positive feedback between the population size and the rate of technological growth. The hyperbolic character of biodiversity growth can be similarly accounted for by a feedback between diversity and community structure complexity. The similarity between the curves of biodiversity and human population probably comes from the fact that both are derived from the interference of the hyperbolic trend with cyclical and stochastic dynamics.

title: Biodiversity

title: Biodiversity

text: On

text: the

text: other

text: hand

text: changes

text: through

text: the

text: Phanerozoic

text: correlate

text: much

text: better

text: with

text: the

text: hyperbolic

text: model

text: widely

text: used

text: in

text: population

text: biology

text: demography

text: and

text: macrosociology

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: fossil

text: biodiversity

text: than

text: with

text: exponential

text: and

text: logistic

text: models

text: The

text: latter

text: models

text: imply

text: that

text: changes

text: in

text: diversity

text: are

text: guided

text: by

text: a

text: first

text: order

text: positive

text: feedback

text: more

text: ancestors

text: more

text: descendants

text: and/or

text: a

text: negative

text: feedback

text: arising

text: from

text: resource

text: limitation

text: Hyperbolic

text: model

text: implies

text: a

text: second

text: order

text: positive

text: feedback

text: The

text: hyperbolic

text: pattern

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: population

text: growth

text: arises

text: from

text: a

text: second

text: order

text: positive

text: feedback

text: between

text: the

text: population

text: size

text: and

text: the

text: rate

text: of

text: technological

text: growth

text: The

text: hyperbolic

text: character

text: of

text: biodiversity

text: growth

text: can

text: be

text: similarly

text: accounted

text: for

text: by

text: a

text: feedback

text: between

text: diversity

text: and

text: community

text: structure

text: complexity

text: The

text: similarity

text: between

text: the

text: curves

text: of

text: biodiversity

text: and

text: human

text: population

text: probably

text: comes

text: from

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: both

text: are

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: interference

text: of

text: the

text: hyperbolic

text: trend

text: with

text: cyclical

text: and

text: stochastic

text: dynamics

question: What model correlates much better than the hyperbolic model?

answer: the Phanerozoic

text: the Phanerozoic

question: What model is widely used in macrosociology?

answer: hyperbolic model

text: hyperbolic model

question: What models imply that changes in diversity are guided by a first-order positive feedback?

answer: exponential and logistic models

text: exponential and logistic models

question: What model implies a second-order positive feedback?

answer: Hyperbolic model

text: Hyperbolic model

question: What can be accounted for by a feedback between diversity and community structure complexity?

answer: The hyperbolic character of biodiversity growth

text: The hyperbolic character of biodiversity growth

question: What model correlates much better than the cyclical model?

text: the Phanerozoic

question: What model is widely used in Stochastic dynamics?

text: hyperbolic model

question: What models imply that changes in diversity are guided by stochastic dynamics?

text: exponential and logistic models

question: What model implies a second-order macrosociology trend?

text: Hyperbolic model

question: What can be accounted for by a feedback between diversity and macrosociology trends?


text: Following the 1973 war and the subsequent peace treaty, Egypt became the first Arab nation to establish diplomatic relations with Israel. Despite that, Israel is still widely considered as a hostile state by the majority of Egyptians. Egypt has played a historical role as a mediator in resolving various disputes in the Middle East, most notably its handling of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the peace process. Egypt's ceasefire and truce brokering efforts in Gaza have hardly been challenged following Israel's evacuation of its settlements from the strip in 2005, despite increasing animosity towards the Hamas government in Gaza following the ouster of Mohamed Morsi, and despite recent attempts by countries like Turkey and Qatar to take over this role.

title: Egypt

title: Egypt

text: Following

text: the

text: war

text: and

text: the

text: subsequent

text: peace

text: treaty

text: Egypt

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: Arab

text: nation

text: to

text: establish

text: diplomatic

text: relations

text: with

text: Israel

text: Despite

text: that

text: Israel

text: is

text: still

text: widely

text: considered

text: as

text: a

text: hostile

text: state

text: by

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: Egyptians

text: Egypt

text: has

text: played

text: a

text: historical

text: role

text: as

text: a

text: mediator

text: in

text: resolving

text: various

text: disputes

text: in

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: most

text: notably

text: its

text: handling

text: of

text: the

text: Israeli

text: Palestinian

text: conflict

text: and

text: the

text: peace

text: process

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: ceasefire

text: and

text: truce

text: brokering

text: efforts

text: in

text: Gaza

text: have

text: hardly

text: been

text: challenged

text: following

text: Israel

text: 's

text: evacuation

text: of

text: its

text: settlements

text: from

text: the

text: strip

text: in

text: despite

text: increasing

text: animosity

text: towards

text: the

text: Hamas

text: government

text: in

text: Gaza

text: following

text: the

text: ouster

text: of

text: Mohamed

text: Morsi

text: and

text: despite

text: recent

text: attempts

text: by

text: countries

text: like

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Qatar

text: to

text: take

text: over

text: this

text: role

question: What country has Egypt famously had peace with since 1973 treaty?

answer: Israel

text: Israel

question: Is Israel considered a safe state for egyptians?

answer: still widely considered as a hostile

text: still widely considered as a hostile

question: What rope has Egypt played in Middle East peace efforts?

answer: mediator

text: mediator


text: Melbourne is an international cultural centre, with cultural endeavours spanning major events and festivals, drama, musicals, comedy, music, art, architecture, literature, film and television. The climate, waterfront location and nightlife make it one of the most vibrant destinations in Australia. For five years in a row (as of 2015) it has held the top position in a survey by The Economist Intelligence Unit of the world's most liveable cities on the basis of a number of attributes which include its broad cultural offerings. The city celebrates a wide variety of annual cultural events and festivals of all types, including Australia's largest free community festival—Moomba, the Melbourne International Arts Festival, Melbourne International Film Festival, Melbourne International Comedy Festival and the Melbourne Fringe Festival. The culture of the city is an important drawcard for tourists, of which just under two million international overnight visitors and 57.7 million domestic overnight visited during the year ending March 2014.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: Melbourne

text: is

text: an

text: international

text: cultural

text: centre

text: with

text: cultural

text: endeavours

text: spanning

text: major

text: events

text: and

text: festivals

text: drama

text: musicals

text: comedy

text: music

text: art

text: architecture

text: literature

text: film

text: and

text: television

text: The

text: climate

text: waterfront

text: location

text: and

text: nightlife

text: make

text: it

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: most

text: vibrant

text: destinations

text: in

text: Australia

text: For

text: five

text: years

text: in

text: a

text: row

text: as

text: of

text: it

text: has

text: held

text: the

text: top

text: position

text: in

text: a

text: survey

text: by

text: The

text: Economist

text: Intelligence

text: Unit

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: liveable

text: cities

text: on

text: the

text: basis

text: of

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: attributes

text: which

text: include

text: its

text: broad

text: cultural

text: offerings

text: The

text: city

text: celebrates

text: a

text: wide

text: variety

text: of

text: annual

text: cultural

text: events

text: and

text: festivals

text: of

text: all

text: types

text: including

text: Australia

text: 's

text: largest

text: free

text: community

text: festival

text: Moomba

text: the

text: Melbourne

text: International

text: Arts

text: Festival

text: Melbourne

text: International

text: Film

text: Festival

text: Melbourne

text: International

text: Comedy

text: Festival

text: and

text: the

text: Melbourne

text: Fringe

text: Festival

text: The

text: culture

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: drawcard

text: for

text: tourists

text: of

text: which

text: just

text: under

text: two

text: million

text: international

text: overnight

text: visitors

text: and

text: million

text: domestic

text: overnight

text: visited

text: during

text: the

text: year

text: ending

text: March

question: Which factors make Melbourne one of the moust vibrant destinations in Australia?

answer: The climate, waterfront location and nightlife

text: The climate, waterfront location and nightlife

question: For how many years in a row has Melbourne held the top position in a survey of the world's most liveable cities?

answer: five

text: five

question: What is Australia's largest free community festival?

answer: Moomba

text: Moomba

question: How many international overnight visitors came to Melbourne during the year ending March 2014?

answer: just under two million

text: just under two million

question: How many domestic overnight visitors came to Melbourne during the year ending March 2014?

answer: 57.7 million

text: 57.7 million


text: In addition, land availability has a large effect on the available solar energy because solar panels can only be set up on land that is unowned and suitable for solar panels. Roofs have been found to be a suitable place for solar cells, as many people have discovered that they can collect energy directly from their homes this way. Other areas that are suitable for solar cells are lands that are unowned by businesses where solar plants can be established.

title: Solar_energy

title: Solar_energy

text: In

text: addition

text: land

text: availability

text: has

text: a

text: large

text: effect

text: on

text: the

text: available

text: solar

text: energy

text: because

text: solar

text: panels

text: can

text: only

text: be

text: set

text: up

text: on

text: land

text: that

text: is

text: unowned

text: and

text: suitable

text: for

text: solar

text: panels

text: Roofs

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: suitable

text: place

text: for

text: solar

text: cells

text: as

text: many

text: people

text: have

text: discovered

text: that

text: they

text: can

text: collect

text: energy

text: directly

text: from

text: their

text: homes

text: this

text: way

text: Other

text: areas

text: that

text: are

text: suitable

text: for

text: solar

text: cells

text: are

text: lands

text: that

text: are

text: unowned

text: by

text: businesses

text: where

text: solar

text: plants

text: can

text: be

text: established

question: Why does land availability have an effect on solar energy?

answer: solar panels can only be set up on land that is unowned and suitable for solar panels

text: solar panels can only be set up on land that is unowned and suitable for solar panels

question: Why are roofs a good place for solar panels?

answer: many people have discovered that they can collect energy directly from their homes this way

text: many people have discovered that they can collect energy directly from their homes this way


text: Versions of revived Palladian architecture dominated English country house architecture. Houses were increasingly placed in grand landscaped settings, and large houses were generally made wide and relatively shallow, largely to look more impressive from a distance. The height was usually highest in the centre, and the Baroque emphasis on corner pavilions often found on the continent generally avoided. In grand houses, an entrance hall led to steps up to a piano nobile or mezzanine floor where the main reception rooms were. Typically the basement area or "rustic", with kitchens, offices and service areas, as well as male guests with muddy boots, came some way above ground, and was lit by windows that were high on the inside, but just above ground level outside. A single block was typical, with a perhaps a small court for carriages at the front marked off by railings and a gate, but rarely a stone gatehouse, or side wings around the court.

title: Georgian_architecture

title: Georgian_architecture

text: Versions

text: of

text: revived

text: Palladian

text: architecture

text: dominated

text: English

text: country

text: house

text: architecture

text: Houses

text: were

text: increasingly

text: placed

text: in

text: grand

text: landscaped

text: settings

text: and

text: large

text: houses

text: were

text: generally

text: made

text: wide

text: and

text: relatively

text: shallow

text: largely

text: to

text: look

text: more

text: impressive

text: from

text: a

text: distance

text: The

text: height

text: was

text: usually

text: highest

text: in

text: the

text: centre

text: and

text: the

text: Baroque

text: emphasis

text: on

text: corner

text: pavilions

text: often

text: found

text: on

text: the

text: continent

text: generally

text: avoided

text: In

text: grand

text: houses

text: an

text: entrance

text: hall

text: led

text: to

text: steps

text: up

text: to

text: a

text: piano

text: nobile

text: or

text: mezzanine

text: floor

text: where

text: the

text: main

text: reception

text: rooms

text: were

text: Typically

text: the

text: basement

text: area

text: or

text: rustic

text: with

text: kitchens

text: offices

text: and

text: service

text: areas

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: male

text: guests

text: with

text: muddy

text: boots

text: came

text: some

text: way

text: above

text: ground

text: and

text: was

text: lit

text: by

text: windows

text: that

text: were

text: high

text: on

text: the

text: inside

text: but

text: just

text: above

text: ground

text: level

text: outside

text: A

text: single

text: block

text: was

text: typical

text: with

text: a

text: perhaps

text: a

text: small

text: court

text: for

text: carriages

text: at

text: the

text: front

text: marked

text: off

text: by

text: railings

text: and

text: a

text: gate

text: but

text: rarely

text: a

text: stone

text: gatehouse

text: or

text: side

text: wings

text: around

text: the

text: court

question: What revived style dominated English country house architecture?

answer: Palladian

text: Palladian

question: What was done to make houses look more impressive from a distance?

answer: made wide and relatively shallow

text: made wide and relatively shallow

question: Where was the height generally highest in Palladian architecture?

answer: the centre

text: the centre

question: Where were areas such as kitchens, offices, and service areas generally found?

answer: basement area

text: basement area

question: What floor were the main receptions rooms generally located?

answer: mezzanine floor

text: mezzanine floor

question: What revised style dominated urban English architecture?

text: Palladian

question: What was done to make houses look more impressive from close-up?

text: made wide and relatively shallow

question: Where was the height generally lowest in Palladian architecture?

text: the centre

question: What led to steps going down to a mezzanine floor in grand houses?

text: an entrance hall

question: What area had high windows just below ground level?

text: the basement area or "rustic"


text: Unlike most languages that use alphabets to indicate the pronunciation, Chinese characters have developed from logograms that do not always give hints to its pronunciation. Although the written characters remained relatively consistent for the last two thousand years, the pronunciation and grammar in different regions has developed to an extent that the varieties of the spoken language are often mutually unintelligible. As a series of migration to the south throughout the history, the regional languages of the south, including Xiang, Wu, Gan, Min, Yue (Cantonese), and Hakka often show traces of Old Chinese or Middle Chinese. From the Ming dynasty onward, Beijing has been the capital of China and the dialect spoken in Beijing has had the most prestige among other varieties. With the founding of the Republic of China, Standard Mandarin was designated as the official language, based on the spoken language of Beijing. Since then, other spoken varieties are regarded as fangyan (dialects). Cantonese is still the most commonly used language in Hong Kong, Macau and among some overseas Chinese communities, whereas Southern Min has been accepted in Taiwan as an important local language along with Mandarin.

title: Dialect

title: Dialect

text: Unlike

text: most

text: languages

text: that

text: use

text: alphabets

text: to

text: indicate

text: the

text: pronunciation

text: Chinese

text: characters

text: have

text: developed

text: from

text: logograms

text: that

text: do

text: not

text: always

text: give

text: hints

text: to

text: its

text: pronunciation

text: Although

text: the

text: written

text: characters

text: remained

text: relatively

text: consistent

text: for

text: the

text: last

text: two

text: thousand

text: years

text: the

text: pronunciation

text: and

text: grammar

text: in

text: different

text: regions

text: has

text: developed

text: to

text: an

text: extent

text: that

text: the

text: varieties

text: of

text: the

text: spoken

text: language

text: are

text: often

text: mutually

text: unintelligible

text: As

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: migration

text: to

text: the

text: south

text: throughout

text: the

text: history

text: the

text: regional

text: languages

text: of

text: the

text: south

text: including

text: Xiang

text: Wu

text: Gan

text: Min

text: Yue

text: Cantonese

text: and

text: Hakka

text: often

text: show

text: traces

text: of

text: Old

text: Chinese

text: or

text: Middle

text: Chinese

text: From

text: the

text: Ming

text: dynasty

text: onward

text: Beijing

text: has

text: been

text: the

text: capital

text: of

text: China

text: and

text: the

text: dialect

text: spoken

text: in

text: Beijing

text: has

text: had

text: the

text: most

text: prestige

text: among

text: other

text: varieties

text: With

text: the

text: founding

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: of

text: China

text: Standard

text: Mandarin

text: was

text: designated

text: as

text: the

text: official

text: language

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: spoken

text: language

text: of

text: Beijing

text: Since

text: then

text: other

text: spoken

text: varieties

text: are

text: regarded

text: as

text: fangyan

text: dialects

text: Cantonese

text: is

text: still

text: the

text: most

text: commonly

text: used

text: language

text: in

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: Macau

text: and

text: among

text: some

text: overseas

text: Chinese

text: communities

text: whereas

text: Southern

text: Min

text: has

text: been

text: accepted

text: in

text: Taiwan

text: as

text: an

text: important

text: local

text: language

text: along

text: with

text: Mandarin

question: From what did Chinese characters derive?

answer: logograms

text: logograms

question: What is another name for the Yue language?

answer: Cantonese

text: Cantonese

question: Hakka is a language from what geographic part of China?

answer: the south

text: the south

question: From the time of the Ming dynasty, what city was the capital of China?

answer: Beijing

text: Beijing

question: At its founding. what was the official language of the Republic of China?

answer: Standard Mandarin

text: Standard Mandarin

question: What do Chinese characters use to give hints to pronunciation?

text: logograms

question: What is another name for the Xiang language?

text: Cantonese

question: Where is Macau the most commonly used language?

text: Hong Kong

question: Which language is the most commonly used in Cantonese?

text: Hong Kong

question: What do most languages use to indicate varieties?

text: alphabets


text: Letter case is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by the conventions of a particular discipline. In orthography, the uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun, which makes the lowercase the more common variant in text. In mathematics, letter case may indicate the relationship between objects with uppercase letters often representing "superior" objects (e.g. X could be a set containing the generic member x). Engineering design drawings are typically labelled entirely in upper-case letters, which are easier to distinguish than lowercase, especially when space restrictions require that the lettering be small.

title: Letter_case

title: Letter_case

text: Letter

text: case

text: is

text: often

text: prescribed

text: by

text: the

text: grammar

text: of

text: a

text: language

text: or

text: by

text: the

text: conventions

text: of

text: a

text: particular

text: discipline

text: In

text: orthography

text: the

text: uppercase

text: is

text: primarily

text: reserved

text: for

text: special

text: purposes

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: first

text: letter

text: of

text: a

text: sentence

text: or

text: of

text: a

text: proper

text: noun

text: which

text: makes

text: the

text: lowercase

text: the

text: more

text: common

text: variant

text: in

text: text

text: In

text: mathematics

text: letter

text: case

text: may

text: indicate

text: the

text: relationship

text: between

text: objects

text: with

text: uppercase

text: letters

text: often

text: representing

text: superior

text: objects

text: e.g.

text: X

text: could

text: be

text: a

text: set

text: containing

text: the

text: generic

text: member

text: x

text: Engineering

text: design

text: drawings

text: are

text: typically

text: labelled

text: entirely

text: in

text: upper

text: case

text: letters

text: which

text: are

text: easier

text: to

text: distinguish

text: than

text: lowercase

text: especially

text: when

text: space

text: restrictions

text: require

text: that

text: the

text: lettering

text: be

text: small

question: What is often prescribed by the grammar of a language or by conventions of a particular discipline?

answer: Letter case

text: Letter case

question: Which kind of purpose is uppercase reserved for in orthography?

answer: special

text: special

question: Which is the most common variant of case in text?

answer: lowercase

text: lowercase

question: Engineering design drawings typically utiilze which case of letter in labeling?

answer: upper-case

text: upper-case

question: Why are uppercase letters preferred often times when space is restricted?

answer: easier to distinguish than lowercase

text: easier to distinguish than lowercase