text: Drinking chilled beer began with the development of artificial refrigeration and by the 1870s, was spread in those countries that concentrated on brewing pale lager. Chilling beer makes it more refreshing, though below 15.5 °C the chilling starts to reduce taste awareness and reduces it significantly below 10 °C (50 °F). Beer served unchilled—either cool or at room temperature, reveal more of their flavours. Cask Marque, a non-profit UK beer organisation, has set a temperature standard range of 12°–14 °C (53°–57 °F) for cask ales to be served.

title: Beer

title: Beer

text: Drinking

text: chilled

text: beer

text: began

text: with

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: artificial

text: refrigeration

text: and

text: by

text: the

text: was

text: spread

text: in

text: those

text: countries

text: that

text: concentrated

text: on

text: brewing

text: pale

text: lager

text: Chilling

text: beer

text: makes

text: it

text: more

text: refreshing

text: though

text: below

text: C

text: the

text: chilling

text: starts

text: to

text: reduce

text: taste

text: awareness

text: and

text: reduces

text: it

text: significantly

text: below

text: C

text: F

text: Beer

text: served

text: unchilled

text: either

text: cool

text: or

text: at

text: room

text: temperature

text: reveal

text: more

text: of

text: their

text: flavours

text: Cask

text: Marque

text: a

text: non

text: profit

text: UK

text: beer

text: organisation

text: has

text: set

text: a

text: temperature

text: standard

text: range

text: of

text: C

text: F

text: for

text: cask

text: ales

text: to

text: be

text: served

question: What technology support the drinking of chilled beer?

answer: artificial refrigeration

text: artificial refrigeration

question: At what cool temperature is a beers flavor reduced?

answer: below 15.5 °C

text: below 15.5 °C

question: When is a beer at its most flavorful?

answer: unchilled

text: unchilled

question: What country is the organisation Cask Marque located?

answer: UK

text: UK

question: In what decade did drinking chilled pale lager become popular?

answer: the 1870s

text: the 1870s

question: What began in the 1780s?

text: Drinking chilled beer

question: What countries began drinking chilled beer in the 1780s?

question: What is Marque Cask?

text: a non-profit UK beer organisation

question: What temperature standard has Marque Cask set?

question: What happens to beer chilled below 15.5 degrees F?

text: reduce taste awareness


text: Usually a Presbyterian church will not have statues of saints, nor the ornate altar more typical of a Roman Catholic church. Instead, one will find a "communion table," usually on the same level as the congregation. There may be a rail between the communion table and the "Chancel" behind it, which may contain a more decorative altar-type table, choir loft, or choir stalls, lectern and clergy area. The altar is called the communion table and the altar area is called the Chancel by Presbyterians. In a Presbyterian (Reformed Church) there may be an altar cross, either on the communion table or on a table in the chancel. By using the "empty" cross, or cross of the resurrection, Presbyterians emphasize the resurrection and that Christ is not continually dying, but died once and is alive for all eternity. Some Presbyterian church buildings are often decorated with a cross that has a circle around the center, or Celtic cross. This not only emphasized the resurrection, but also acknowledges historical aspects of Presbyterianism. A baptismal font will be located either at the entrance or near the chancel area. Presbyterian architecture generally makes significant use of symbolism. You may also find decorative and ornate stained glass windows depicting scenes from the bible. Some Presbyterian churches will also have ornate statues of Christ or Graven Scenes from the Last Supper located behind the Chancel. St. Giles Cathedral ( Church Of Scotland- The Mother Church of Presbyterians) does have a Crucifix next to one of the Pulpits that hangs alongside. The image of Christ is more of faint image and more modern design.

title: Presbyterianism

title: Presbyterianism

text: Usually

text: a

text: Presbyterian

text: church

text: will

text: not

text: have

text: statues

text: of

text: saints

text: nor

text: the

text: ornate

text: altar

text: more

text: typical

text: of

text: a

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: church

text: Instead

text: one

text: will

text: find

text: a

text: communion

text: table

text: usually

text: on

text: the

text: same

text: level

text: as

text: the

text: congregation

text: There

text: may

text: be

text: a

text: rail

text: between

text: the

text: communion

text: table

text: and

text: the

text: Chancel

text: behind

text: it

text: which

text: may

text: contain

text: a

text: more

text: decorative

text: altar

text: type

text: table

text: choir

text: loft

text: or

text: choir

text: stalls

text: lectern

text: and

text: clergy

text: area

text: The

text: altar

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: communion

text: table

text: and

text: the

text: altar

text: area

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: Chancel

text: by

text: Presbyterians

text: In

text: a

text: Presbyterian

text: Reformed

text: Church

text: there

text: may

text: be

text: an

text: altar

text: cross

text: either

text: on

text: the

text: communion

text: table

text: or

text: on

text: a

text: table

text: in

text: the

text: chancel

text: By

text: using

text: the

text: empty

text: cross

text: or

text: cross

text: of

text: the

text: resurrection

text: Presbyterians

text: emphasize

text: the

text: resurrection

text: and

text: that

text: Christ

text: is

text: not

text: continually

text: dying

text: but

text: died

text: once

text: and

text: is

text: alive

text: for

text: all

text: eternity

text: Some

text: Presbyterian

text: church

text: buildings

text: are

text: often

text: decorated

text: with

text: a

text: cross

text: that

text: has

text: a

text: circle

text: around

text: the

text: center

text: or

text: Celtic

text: cross

text: This

text: not

text: only

text: emphasized

text: the

text: resurrection

text: but

text: also

text: acknowledges

text: historical

text: aspects

text: of

text: Presbyterianism

text: A

text: baptismal

text: font

text: will

text: be

text: located

text: either

text: at

text: the

text: entrance

text: or

text: near

text: the

text: chancel

text: area

text: Presbyterian

text: architecture

text: generally

text: makes

text: significant

text: use

text: of

text: symbolism

text: You

text: may

text: also

text: find

text: decorative

text: and

text: ornate

text: stained

text: glass

text: windows

text: depicting

text: scenes

text: from

text: the

text: bible

text: Some

text: Presbyterian

text: churches

text: will

text: also

text: have

text: ornate

text: statues

text: of

text: Christ

text: or

text: Graven

text: Scenes

text: from

text: the

text: Last

text: Supper

text: located

text: behind

text: the

text: Chancel

text: St.

text: Giles

text: Cathedral

text: Church

text: Of

text: Scotland-

text: The

text: Mother

text: Church

text: of

text: Presbyterians

text: does

text: have

text: a

text: Crucifix

text: next

text: to

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: Pulpits

text: that

text: hangs

text: alongside

text: The

text: image

text: of

text: Christ

text: is

text: more

text: of

text: faint

text: image

text: and

text: more

text: modern

text: design

question: What did Presbyterian churches have in them?

answer: communion table

text: communion table

question: What is the alter called in the Presbyterian church?

answer: communion table

text: communion table

question: What is the alter area refered to as in the Presbyterian church?

answer: Chancel

text: Chancel

question: What is a decorated cross called in a Presbyterian church?

answer: Celtic cross

text: Celtic cross

question: What did the Celtic Cross represent?

answer: the resurrection

text: the resurrection

question: What do Presbyterian churches usually have statues of?

text: saints

question: What type of altar does the Presbyterian church usually have?

question: What is located on a different level than the congregation in a Presbyterian church?

text: communion table

question: In a Presbyterian church there may be a rail located between the choir and what?

text: Chancel

question: The altar area is called the communion table and the altar is called what?

text: Chancel by Presbyterians


text: There are many different patterns of gas exchange demonstrated by different groups of insects. Gas exchange patterns in insects can range from continuous and diffusive ventilation, to discontinuous gas exchange.:65–68 During continuous gas exchange, oxygen is taken in and carbon dioxide is released in a continuous cycle. In discontinuous gas exchange, however, the insect takes in oxygen while it is active and small amounts of carbon dioxide are released when the insect is at rest. Diffusive ventilation is simply a form of continuous gas exchange that occurs by diffusion rather than physically taking in the oxygen. Some species of insect that are submerged also have adaptations to aid in respiration. As larvae, many insects have gills that can extract oxygen dissolved in water, while others need to rise to the water surface to replenish air supplies which may be held or trapped in special structures.

title: Insect

title: Insect

text: There

text: are

text: many

text: different

text: patterns

text: of

text: gas

text: exchange

text: demonstrated

text: by

text: different

text: groups

text: of

text: insects

text: Gas

text: exchange

text: patterns

text: in

text: insects

text: can

text: range

text: from

text: continuous

text: and

text: diffusive

text: ventilation

text: to

text: discontinuous

text: gas

text: During

text: continuous

text: gas

text: exchange

text: oxygen

text: is

text: taken

text: in

text: and

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: is

text: released

text: in

text: a

text: continuous

text: cycle

text: In

text: discontinuous

text: gas

text: exchange

text: however

text: the

text: insect

text: takes

text: in

text: oxygen

text: while

text: it

text: is

text: active

text: and

text: small

text: amounts

text: of

text: carbon

text: dioxide

text: are

text: released

text: when

text: the

text: insect

text: is

text: at

text: rest

text: Diffusive

text: ventilation

text: is

text: simply

text: a

text: form

text: of

text: continuous

text: gas

text: exchange

text: that

text: occurs

text: by

text: diffusion

text: rather

text: than

text: physically

text: taking

text: in

text: the

text: oxygen

text: Some

text: species

text: of

text: insect

text: that

text: are

text: submerged

text: also

text: have

text: adaptations

text: to

text: aid

text: in

text: respiration

text: As

text: larvae

text: many

text: insects

text: have

text: gills

text: that

text: can

text: extract

text: oxygen

text: dissolved

text: in

text: water

text: while

text: others

text: need

text: to

text: rise

text: to

text: the

text: water

text: surface

text: to

text: replenish

text: air

text: supplies

text: which

text: may

text: be

text: held

text: or

text: trapped

text: in

text: special

text: structures

question: What kind of exchange is demonstrated by different insects?

answer: gas exchange

text: gas exchange

question: Gas exchange patterns can contain what kind of ventilation?

answer: diffusive ventilation

text: diffusive ventilation

question: Carbon dioxide is released continuously in what kind of gas exchange?

answer: continuous gas exchange

text: continuous gas exchange

question: What gas exchanges does carbon dioxide release when the insect is resting?

answer: discontinuous gas exchange

text: discontinuous gas exchange

question: Diffusive ventilation occurs by what?

answer: diffusion

text: diffusion


text: Southern Baptist Landmarkism sought to reset the ecclesiastical separation which had characterized the old Baptist churches, in an era when inter-denominational union meetings were the order of the day. James Robinson Graves was an influential Baptist of the 19th century and the primary leader of this movement. While some Landmarkers eventually separated from the Southern Baptist Convention, the influence of the movement on the Convention continued into the 20th century. Its influence continues to affect convention policies. In 2005, the Southern Baptist International Mission Board forbade its missionaries to receive alien immersions for baptism.

title: Baptists

title: Baptists

text: Southern

text: Baptist

text: Landmarkism

text: sought

text: to

text: reset

text: the

text: ecclesiastical

text: separation

text: which

text: had

text: characterized

text: the

text: old

text: Baptist

text: churches

text: in

text: an

text: era

text: when

text: inter

text: denominational

text: union

text: meetings

text: were

text: the

text: order

text: of

text: the

text: day

text: James

text: Robinson

text: Graves

text: was

text: an

text: influential

text: Baptist

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: and

text: the

text: primary

text: leader

text: of

text: this

text: movement

text: While

text: some

text: Landmarkers

text: eventually

text: separated

text: from

text: the

text: Southern

text: Baptist

text: Convention

text: the

text: influence

text: of

text: the

text: movement

text: on

text: the

text: Convention

text: continued

text: into

text: the

text: century

text: Its

text: influence

text: continues

text: to

text: affect

text: convention

text: policies

text: In

text: the

text: Southern

text: Baptist

text: International

text: Mission

text: Board

text: forbade

text: its

text: missionaries

text: to

text: receive

text: alien

text: immersions

text: for

text: baptism

question: What sought to reset the ecclesiastical separation which had characterized the old Baptist churches?

answer: Southern Baptist Landmarkism

text: Southern Baptist Landmarkism

question: Who was an influential Baptist of the 19th century and the primary leader of this movement?

answer: James Robinson Graves

text: James Robinson Graves

question: When did the Southern Baptist International Mission Board forbade its missionaries to receive alien immersions for baptism?

answer: In 2005

text: In 2005

question: What sought to include the ecclesiastical separation which had characterized the old Baptist churches?

text: Southern Baptist Landmarkism

question: Who was an influential Baptist of the 18th century and the primary leader of this movement?

text: James Robinson Graves

question: When did the Southern Baptist International Mission Board encourage its missionaries to receive alien immersions for baptism?

question: What influence no longer continues to affect convention policies?

text: Southern Baptist Landmarkism


text: In terms of casting and production itself, Spielberg has a known penchant for working with actors and production members from his previous films. For instance, he has cast Richard Dreyfuss in several films: Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, and Always. Aside from his role as Indiana Jones, Spielberg also cast Harrison Ford as a headteacher in E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (though the scene was ultimately cut). Although Spielberg directed veteran voice actor Frank Welker only once (in Raiders of the Lost Ark, for which he voiced many of the animals), Welker has lent his voice in a number of productions Spielberg has executive produced from Gremlins to its sequel Gremlins 2: The New Batch, as well as The Land Before Time, Who Framed Roger Rabbit, and television shows such as Tiny Toons, Animaniacs, and SeaQuest DSV. Spielberg has used Tom Hanks on several occasions and has cast him in Saving Private Ryan, Catch Me If You Can, The Terminal, and Bridge of Spies. Spielberg has collaborated with Tom Cruise twice on Minority Report and War of the Worlds, and cast Shia LaBeouf in five films: Transformers, Eagle Eye, Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull, Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen, and Transformers: Dark of the Moon.

title: Steven_Spielberg

title: Steven_Spielberg

text: In

text: terms

text: of

text: casting

text: and

text: production

text: itself

text: Spielberg

text: has

text: a

text: known

text: penchant

text: for

text: working

text: with

text: actors

text: and

text: production

text: members

text: from

text: his

text: previous

text: films

text: For

text: instance

text: he

text: has

text: cast

text: Richard

text: Dreyfuss

text: in

text: several

text: films

text: Jaws

text: Close

text: Encounters

text: of

text: the

text: Third

text: Kind

text: and

text: Always

text: Aside

text: from

text: his

text: role

text: as

text: Indiana

text: Jones

text: Spielberg

text: also

text: cast

text: Harrison

text: Ford

text: as

text: a

text: headteacher

text: in

text: E.T.

text: the

text: Extra

text: Terrestrial

text: though

text: the

text: scene

text: was

text: ultimately

text: cut

text: Although

text: Spielberg

text: directed

text: veteran

text: voice

text: actor

text: Frank

text: Welker

text: only

text: once

text: in

text: Raiders

text: of

text: the

text: Lost

text: Ark

text: for

text: which

text: he

text: voiced

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: animals

text: Welker

text: has

text: lent

text: his

text: voice

text: in

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: productions

text: Spielberg

text: has

text: executive

text: produced

text: from

text: Gremlins

text: to

text: its

text: sequel

text: Gremlins

text: The

text: New

text: Batch

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: The

text: Land

text: Before

text: Time

text: Who

text: Framed

text: Roger

text: Rabbit

text: and

text: television

text: shows

text: such

text: as

text: Tiny

text: Toons

text: Animaniacs

text: and

text: SeaQuest

text: DSV

text: Spielberg

text: has

text: used

text: Tom

text: Hanks

text: on

text: several

text: occasions

text: and

text: has

text: cast

text: him

text: in

text: Saving

text: Private

text: Ryan

text: Catch

text: Me

text: If

text: You

text: Can

text: The

text: Terminal

text: and

text: Bridge

text: of

text: Spies

text: Spielberg

text: has

text: collaborated

text: with

text: Tom

text: Cruise

text: twice

text: on

text: Minority

text: Report

text: and

text: War

text: of

text: the

text: Worlds

text: and

text: cast

text: Shia

text: LaBeouf

text: in

text: five

text: films

text: Transformers

text: Eagle

text: Eye

text: Indiana

text: Jones

text: and

text: the

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: the

text: Crystal

text: Skull

text: Transformers

text: Revenge

text: of

text: the

text: Fallen

text: and

text: Transformers

text: Dark

text: of

text: the

text: Moon

question: Which Spielberg films has Dreyfuss been in?

answer: Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, and Always

text: Jaws, Close Encounters of the Third Kind, and Always

question: Who was Ford going to play in E.T., until the scene was removed?

answer: a headteacher

text: a headteacher

question: Which Spielberg TV shows has Frank Welker been a voice actor for?

answer: Tiny Toons, Animaniacs, and SeaQuest DSV

text: Tiny Toons, Animaniacs, and SeaQuest DSV

question: Which Spielberg films has Tom Hanks been in?

answer: Saving Private Ryan, Catch Me If You Can, The Terminal, and Bridge of Spies

text: Saving Private Ryan, Catch Me If You Can, The Terminal, and Bridge of Spies

question: Which Spielberg films has Tom Cruise been in?

answer: Minority Report and War of the Worlds

text: Minority Report and War of the Worlds

question: What was Shia LaBeouf's first film?

text: Eagle Eye

question: What movie was Frank Welker's first voicework?

text: Gremlins

question: What was Richard Dreyfuss' first film?

text: Jaws

question: Who made a cameo in the finished version of E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial?

text: Harrison Ford


text: Despite lowering rates in surrounding countries, cholera rates were reported in November 2012 to be on the rise, with 1,500 cases reported and nine deaths. A 2008 cholera epidemic in Guinea-Bissau affected 14,222 people and killed 225.

title: Guinea-Bissau

title: Guinea

title: Bissau

text: Despite

text: lowering

text: rates

text: in

text: surrounding

text: countries

text: cholera

text: rates

text: were

text: reported

text: in

text: November

text: to

text: be

text: on

text: the

text: rise

text: with

text: cases

text: reported

text: and

text: nine

text: deaths

text: A

text: cholera

text: epidemic

text: in

text: Guinea

text: Bissau

text: affected

text: people

text: and

text: killed

question: What type of disease was reported to be on the rise in Guinea-Bissau?

answer: cholera

text: cholera

question: How many died from cholera in a November 2012 report?

answer: nine

text: nine

question: How many died from cholera in a 2008 epidemic?

answer: 225

question: Where are there reported cholera rates that are lowering?

answer: surrounding countries

text: surrounding countries

question: How many people were affected by the 2008 cholera epidemic?

answer: 14,222


text: Aburish asserts that Nasser was not distressed by his frequent relocations, which broadened his horizons and showed him Egyptian society's class divisions. His own social status was well below the wealthy Egyptian elite, and his discontent with those born into wealth and power grew throughout his lifetime. Nasser spent most of his spare time reading, particularly in 1933 when he lived near the National Library of Egypt. He read the Qur'an, the sayings of Muhammad, the lives of the Sahaba (Muhammad's companions), and the biographies of nationalist leaders Napoleon, Ataturk, Otto von Bismarck, and Garibaldi and the autobiography of Winston Churchill.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: Aburish

text: asserts

text: that

text: Nasser

text: was

text: not

text: distressed

text: by

text: his

text: frequent

text: relocations

text: which

text: broadened

text: his

text: horizons

text: and

text: showed

text: him

text: Egyptian

text: society

text: 's

text: class

text: divisions

text: His

text: own

text: social

text: status

text: was

text: well

text: below

text: the

text: wealthy

text: Egyptian

text: elite

text: and

text: his

text: discontent

text: with

text: those

text: born

text: into

text: wealth

text: and

text: power

text: grew

text: throughout

text: his

text: lifetime

text: Nasser

text: spent

text: most

text: of

text: his

text: spare

text: time

text: reading

text: particularly

text: in

text: when

text: he

text: lived

text: near

text: the

text: National

text: Library

text: of

text: Egypt

text: He

text: read

text: the

text: Qur'an

text: the

text: sayings

text: of

text: Muhammad

text: the

text: lives

text: of

text: the

text: Sahaba

text: Muhammad

text: 's

text: companions

text: and

text: the

text: biographies

text: of

text: nationalist

text: leaders

text: Napoleon

text: Ataturk

text: Otto

text: von

text: Bismarck

text: and

text: Garibaldi

text: and

text: the

text: autobiography

text: of

text: Winston

text: Churchill

question: What did Nasser do in his spare time?

answer: reading

text: reading

question: What institution did Nasser live close to in 1933?

answer: National Library of Egypt

text: National Library of Egypt

question: What did Nasser observe from moving around frequently as a youth?

answer: Egyptian society's class divisions

text: Egyptian society's class divisions

question: What was Nasser's position in Egypt's society?

answer: well below the wealthy Egyptian elite

text: well below the wealthy Egyptian elite

question: What kind of biographies did Nasser read?

answer: nationalist leaders

text: nationalist leaders


text: Area air defence, the air defence of a specific area or location, (as opposed to point defence), have historically been operated by both armies (Anti-Aircraft Command in the British Army, for instance) and Air Forces (the United States Air Force's CIM-10 Bomarc). Area defence systems have medium to long range and can be made up of various other systems and networked into an area defence system (in which case it may be made up of several short range systems combined to effectively cover an area). An example of area defence is the defence of Saudi Arabia and Israel by MIM-104 Patriot missile batteries during the first Gulf War, where the objective was to cover populated areas.

title: Anti-aircraft_warfare

title: Anti

title: aircraft_warfare

text: Area

text: air

text: defence

text: the

text: air

text: defence

text: of

text: a

text: specific

text: area

text: or

text: location

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: point

text: defence

text: have

text: historically

text: been

text: operated

text: by

text: both

text: armies

text: Anti

text: Aircraft

text: Command

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: Army

text: for

text: instance

text: and

text: Air

text: Forces

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Air

text: Force

text: 's

text: Bomarc

text: Area

text: defence

text: systems

text: have

text: medium

text: to

text: long

text: range

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: various

text: other

text: systems

text: and

text: networked

text: into

text: an

text: area

text: defence

text: system

text: in

text: which

text: case

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: made

text: up

text: of

text: several

text: short

text: range

text: systems

text: combined

text: to

text: effectively

text: cover

text: an

text: area

text: An

text: example

text: of

text: area

text: defence

text: is

text: the

text: defence

text: of

text: Saudi

text: Arabia

text: and

text: Israel

text: by

text: Patriot

text: missile

text: batteries

text: during

text: the

text: first

text: Gulf

text: War

text: where

text: the

text: objective

text: was

text: to

text: cover

text: populated

text: areas

question: What is the air defence of a certain area called?

answer: Area air defence

text: Area air defence

question: Armies as well as what group have operated area air defences?

answer: Air Forces

text: Air Forces

question: What U.S. Air Forces operated area air defence?

answer: CIM-10 Bomarc

text: CIM-10 Bomarc

question: What range do area defence systems have?

answer: medium to long range

text: medium to long range

question: What was the objective of the MIM-104 Patriot Missile batteries during the first Gulf War?

answer: to cover populated areas

text: to cover populated areas


text: After Alexander the Great's ventures in the Persian Empire, Hellenistic kingdoms were established throughout south-west Asia (Seleucid Empire, Kingdom of Pergamon), north-east Africa (Ptolemaic Kingdom) and South Asia (Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, Indo-Greek Kingdom). This resulted in the export of Greek culture and language to these new realms through Greco-Macedonian colonization, spanning as far as modern-day Pakistan. Equally, however, these new kingdoms were influenced by the indigenous cultures, adopting local practices where beneficial, necessary, or convenient. Hellenistic culture thus represents a fusion of the Ancient Greek world with that of the Near East, Middle East, and Southwest Asia, and a departure from earlier Greek attitudes towards "barbarian" cultures. The Hellenistic period was characterized by a new wave of Greek colonization (as distinguished from that occurring in the 8th–6th centuries BC) which established Greek cities and kingdoms in Asia and Africa. Those new cities were composed of Greek colonists who came from different parts of the Greek world, and not, as before, from a specific "mother city". The main cultural centers expanded from mainland Greece to Pergamon, Rhodes, and new Greek colonies such as Seleucia, Antioch, Alexandria and Ai-Khanoum. This mixture of Greek-speakers gave birth to a common Attic-based dialect, known as Koine Greek, which became the lingua franca through the Hellenistic world.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: After

text: Alexander

text: the

text: Great

text: 's

text: ventures

text: in

text: the

text: Persian

text: Empire

text: Hellenistic

text: kingdoms

text: were

text: established

text: throughout

text: south

text: west

text: Asia

text: Seleucid

text: Empire

text: Kingdom

text: of

text: Pergamon

text: north

text: east

text: Africa

text: Ptolemaic

text: Kingdom

text: and

text: South

text: Asia

text: Greco

text: Bactrian

text: Kingdom

text: Indo

text: Greek

text: Kingdom

text: This

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: export

text: of

text: Greek

text: culture

text: and

text: language

text: to

text: these

text: new

text: realms

text: through

text: Greco

text: Macedonian

text: colonization

text: spanning

text: as

text: far

text: as

text: modern

text: day

text: Pakistan

text: Equally

text: however

text: these

text: new

text: kingdoms

text: were

text: influenced

text: by

text: the

text: indigenous

text: cultures

text: adopting

text: local

text: practices

text: where

text: beneficial

text: necessary

text: or

text: convenient

text: Hellenistic

text: culture

text: thus

text: represents

text: a

text: fusion

text: of

text: the

text: Ancient

text: Greek

text: world

text: with

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: Near

text: East

text: Middle

text: East

text: and

text: Southwest

text: Asia

text: and

text: a

text: departure

text: from

text: earlier

text: Greek

text: attitudes

text: towards

text: barbarian

text: cultures

text: The

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: was

text: characterized

text: by

text: a

text: new

text: wave

text: of

text: Greek

text: colonization

text: as

text: distinguished

text: from

text: that

text: occurring

text: in

text: the

text: centuries

text: BC

text: which

text: established

text: Greek

text: cities

text: and

text: kingdoms

text: in

text: Asia

text: and

text: Africa

text: Those

text: new

text: cities

text: were

text: composed

text: of

text: Greek

text: colonists

text: who

text: came

text: from

text: different

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: world

text: and

text: not

text: as

text: before

text: from

text: a

text: specific

text: mother

text: city

text: The

text: main

text: cultural

text: centers

text: expanded

text: from

text: mainland

text: Greece

text: to

text: Pergamon

text: Rhodes

text: and

text: new

text: Greek

text: colonies

text: such

text: as

text: Seleucia

text: Antioch

text: Alexandria

text: and

text: Ai

text: Khanoum

text: This

text: mixture

text: of

text: Greek

text: speakers

text: gave

text: birth

text: to

text: a

text: common

text: Attic

text: based

text: dialect

text: known

text: as

text: Koine

text: Greek

text: which

text: became

text: the

text: lingua

text: franca

text: through

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: world

question: What is a common Attic-based dialect?

answer: Koine Greek

text: Koine Greek

question: Where is the Ptolemaic Kingdom?

answer: north-east Africa

text: north-east Africa

question: Where is the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom?

answer: South Asia

text: South Asia

question: Where is the Indo-Greek Kingdom?

answer: South Asia

text: South Asia

question: Where is the Kingdom of Pergamon?

answer: south-west Asia

text: south-west Asia


text: Iran consists of the Iranian Plateau with the exception of the coasts of the Caspian Sea and Khuzestan Province. It is one of the world's most mountainous countries, its landscape dominated by rugged mountain ranges that separate various basins or plateaux from one another. The populous western part is the most mountainous, with ranges such as the Caucasus, Zagros and Alborz Mountains; the last contains Iran's highest point, Mount Damavand at 5,610 m (18,406 ft), which is also the highest mountain on the Eurasian landmass west of the Hindu Kush.

title: Iran

title: Iran

text: Iran

text: consists

text: of

text: the

text: Iranian

text: Plateau

text: with

text: the

text: exception

text: of

text: the

text: coasts

text: of

text: the

text: Caspian

text: Sea

text: and

text: Khuzestan

text: Province

text: It

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: mountainous

text: countries

text: its

text: landscape

text: dominated

text: by

text: rugged

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: that

text: separate

text: various

text: basins

text: or

text: plateaux

text: from

text: one

text: another

text: The

text: populous

text: western

text: part

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: mountainous

text: with

text: ranges

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Caucasus

text: Zagros

text: and

text: Alborz

text: Mountains

text: the

text: last

text: contains

text: Iran

text: 's

text: highest

text: point

text: Mount

text: Damavand

text: at

text: m

text: ft

text: which

text: is

text: also

text: the

text: highest

text: mountain

text: on

text: the

text: Eurasian

text: landmass

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Hindu

text: Kush

question: Iran's landscape is dominated by what geographical feature?

answer: rugged mountain ranges

text: rugged mountain ranges

question: What is Iran's highest mountain?

answer: Mount Damavand

text: Mount Damavand

question: How tall is Mount Damavand?

answer: 5,610 m (18,406 ft)

text: 5,610 m (18,406 ft)

question: Mount Damavand is located in what range?

answer: Alborz Mountains

text: Alborz Mountains


text: A number of players may be replaced by substitutes during the course of the game. The maximum number of substitutions permitted in most competitive international and domestic league games is three, though the permitted number may vary in other competitions or in friendly matches. Common reasons for a substitution include injury, tiredness, ineffectiveness, a tactical switch, or timewasting at the end of a finely poised game. In standard adult matches, a player who has been substituted may not take further part in a match. IFAB recommends "that a match should not continue if there are fewer than seven players in either team." Any decision regarding points awarded for abandoned games is left to the individual football associations.

title: Association_football

title: Association_football

text: A

text: number

text: of

text: players

text: may

text: be

text: replaced

text: by

text: substitutes

text: during

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: the

text: game

text: The

text: maximum

text: number

text: of

text: substitutions

text: permitted

text: in

text: most

text: competitive

text: international

text: and

text: domestic

text: league

text: games

text: is

text: three

text: though

text: the

text: permitted

text: number

text: may

text: vary

text: in

text: other

text: competitions

text: or

text: in

text: friendly

text: matches

text: Common

text: reasons

text: for

text: a

text: substitution

text: include

text: injury

text: tiredness

text: ineffectiveness

text: a

text: tactical

text: switch

text: or

text: timewasting

text: at

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: a

text: finely

text: poised

text: game

text: In

text: standard

text: adult

text: matches

text: a

text: player

text: who

text: has

text: been

text: substituted

text: may

text: not

text: take

text: further

text: part

text: in

text: a

text: match

text: IFAB

text: recommends

text: that

text: a

text: match

text: should

text: not

text: continue

text: if

text: there

text: are

text: fewer

text: than

text: seven

text: players

text: in

text: either

text: team

text: Any

text: decision

text: regarding

text: points

text: awarded

text: for

text: abandoned

text: games

text: is

text: left

text: to

text: the

text: individual

text: football

text: associations

question: What is one who replaces a player during a game called?

answer: substitutes

text: substitutes

question: What is the maximum number of substitutions during most professional games?

answer: three

text: three

question: Who decides on who's rewarded points for abandoned games?

answer: individual football associations

text: individual football associations

question: What is one who injures a player during a game called?

text: substitutes

question: What is the minimum number of substitutions during most professional games?

text: three

question: Who decides on who's rewarded points for completed games?

text: individual football associations

question: Who can not be replaced during the course of the game?

text: players


text: Regarding the classical music, it was through the Ionian islands (which were under western rule and influence) that all the major advances of the western European classical music were introduced to mainland Greeks. The region is notable for the birth of the first School of modern Greek classical music (Heptanesean or Ionian School, Greek: Επτανησιακή Σχολή), established in 1815. Prominent representatives of this genre include Nikolaos Mantzaros, Spyridon Xyndas, Spyridon Samaras and Pavlos Carrer. Manolis Kalomiris is considered the founder of the Greek National School of Music.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: Regarding

text: the

text: classical

text: music

text: it

text: was

text: through

text: the

text: Ionian

text: islands

text: which

text: were

text: under

text: western

text: rule

text: and

text: influence

text: that

text: all

text: the

text: major

text: advances

text: of

text: the

text: western

text: European

text: classical

text: music

text: were

text: introduced

text: to

text: mainland

text: Greeks

text: The

text: region

text: is

text: notable

text: for

text: the

text: birth

text: of

text: the

text: first

text: School

text: of

text: modern

text: Greek

text: classical

text: music

text: Heptanesean

text: or

text: Ionian

text: School

text: Greek

text: Επτανησιακή

text: Σχολή

text: established

text: in

text: Prominent

text: representatives

text: of

text: this

text: genre

text: include

text: Nikolaos

text: Mantzaros

text: Spyridon

text: Xyndas

text: Spyridon

text: Samaras

text: and

text: Pavlos

text: Carrer

text: Manolis

text: Kalomiris

text: is

text: considered

text: the

text: founder

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: National

text: School

text: of

text: Music

question: Through which islands was European classical music introduced to the Greeks?

answer: Ionian

text: Ionian

question: When was the first school of modern Greek classical music formed?

answer: 1815

question: Who is considered the Greek National School of Music founder?

answer: Manolis Kalomiris

text: Manolis Kalomiris


text: UNFPA works in partnership with governments, along with other United Nations agencies, communities, NGOs, foundations and the private sector, to raise awareness and mobilize the support and resources needed to achieve its mission to promote the rights and health of women and young people.

title: United_Nations_Population_Fund

title: United_Nations_Population_Fund

text: UNFPA

text: works

text: in

text: partnership

text: with

text: governments

text: along

text: with

text: other

text: United

text: Nations

text: agencies

text: communities

text: NGOs

text: foundations

text: and

text: the

text: private

text: sector

text: to

text: raise

text: awareness

text: and

text: mobilize

text: the

text: support

text: and

text: resources

text: needed

text: to

text: achieve

text: its

text: mission

text: to

text: promote

text: the

text: rights

text: and

text: health

text: of

text: women

text: and

text: young

text: people

question: UNFPA's mission is to promote the rights and health of whom?

answer: women and young people

text: women and young people

question: With whom does UNFPA work in partnership?

answer: governments

text: governments

question: With what sort of agencies does UNFPA work?

answer: United Nations agencies

text: United Nations agencies

question: In addition to mobilizing support and resources, what does UNFPA do with its partners?

answer: raise awareness

text: raise awareness

question: Who does UNFPA work with in addition to government and U.N. agencies?

answer: communities, NGOs, foundations and the private sector

text: communities, NGOs, foundations and the private sector

question: UNFPA's mission is to deny the rights and health of whom?

text: women and young people

question: With whom does UNFPA avoid partnering with?

text: governments

question: With what sort of agencies does UNFPA not work with?

text: United Nations agencies

question: In addition to mobilizing support and resources, what does UNFPA want to decrease?

text: awareness

question: Who is hurt most by the UNFPA?

text: women and young people


text: The earliest known document in Galician-Portuguese dates from 1228. The Foro do bo burgo do Castro Caldelas was granted by Alfonso IX of León to the town of Burgo, in Castro Caldelas, after the model of the constitutions of the town of Allariz. A distinct Galician Literature emerged during the Middle Ages: In the 13th century important contributions were made to the romance canon in Galician-Portuguese, the most notable those by the troubadour Martín Codax, the priest Airas Nunes, King Denis of Portugal and King Alfonso X of Castile, Alfonso O Sabio ("Alfonso the Wise"), the same monarch who began the process of establishing the hegemony of Castilian. During this period, Galician-Portuguese was considered the language of love poetry in the Iberian Romance linguistic culture. The names and memories of Codax and other popular cultural figures are well preserved in modern Galicia and, despite the long period of Castilian linguistic domination, these names are again household words.

title: Galicia_(Spain)

title: Galicia_(Spain

text: The

text: earliest

text: known

text: document

text: in

text: Galician

text: Portuguese

text: dates

text: from

text: The

text: Foro

text: do

text: bo

text: burgo

text: do

text: Castro

text: Caldelas

text: was

text: granted

text: by

text: Alfonso

text: IX

text: of

text: León

text: to

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Burgo

text: in

text: Castro

text: Caldelas

text: after

text: the

text: model

text: of

text: the

text: constitutions

text: of

text: the

text: town

text: of

text: Allariz

text: A

text: distinct

text: Galician

text: Literature

text: emerged

text: during

text: the

text: Middle

text: Ages

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: important

text: contributions

text: were

text: made

text: to

text: the

text: romance

text: canon

text: in

text: Galician

text: Portuguese

text: the

text: most

text: notable

text: those

text: by

text: the

text: troubadour

text: Martín

text: Codax

text: the

text: priest

text: Airas

text: Nunes

text: King

text: Denis

text: of

text: Portugal

text: and

text: King

text: Alfonso

text: X

text: of

text: Castile

text: Alfonso

text: O

text: Sabio

text: Alfonso

text: the

text: Wise

text: the

text: same

text: monarch

text: who

text: began

text: the

text: process

text: of

text: establishing

text: the

text: hegemony

text: of

text: Castilian

text: During

text: this

text: period

text: Galician

text: Portuguese

text: was

text: considered

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: love

text: poetry

text: in

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Romance

text: linguistic

text: culture

text: The

text: names

text: and

text: memories

text: of

text: Codax

text: and

text: other

text: popular

text: cultural

text: figures

text: are

text: well

text: preserved

text: in

text: modern

text: Galicia

text: and

text: despite

text: the

text: long

text: period

text: of

text: Castilian

text: linguistic

text: domination

text: these

text: names

text: are

text: again

text: household

text: words

question: The earliest Galician-Portuguese documents date back to which year?

answer: 1228

question: During what era did Galician literature emerge?

answer: Middle Ages

text: Middle Ages


text: RMIT University was also ranked among the top 51–100 universities in the world in the subjects of: accounting, Business and Management, communication and media studies, computer science and information systems. The Swinburne University of Technology, based in the inner city Melbourne suburb of Hawthorn is ranked 76–100 in the world for Physics by the Academic Ranking of World Universities making Swinburne the only Australian university outside the Group of Eight to achieve a top 100 rating in a science discipline. Deakin University maintains two major campuses in Melbourne and Geelong, and is the third largest university in Victoria. In recent years, the number of international students at Melbourne's universities has risen rapidly, a result of an increasing number of places being made available to full fee paying students. Education in Melbourne is overseen by the Victorian Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (DEECD), whose role is to 'provide policy and planning advice for the delivery of education'.

title: Melbourne

title: Melbourne

text: RMIT

text: University

text: was

text: also

text: ranked

text: among

text: the

text: top

text: universities

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: in

text: the

text: subjects

text: of

text: accounting

text: Business

text: and

text: Management

text: communication

text: and

text: media

text: studies

text: computer

text: science

text: and

text: information

text: systems

text: The

text: Swinburne

text: University

text: of

text: Technology

text: based

text: in

text: the

text: inner

text: city

text: Melbourne

text: suburb

text: of

text: Hawthorn

text: is

text: ranked

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: for

text: Physics

text: by

text: the

text: Academic

text: Ranking

text: of

text: World

text: Universities

text: making

text: Swinburne

text: the

text: only

text: Australian

text: university

text: outside

text: the

text: Group

text: of

text: Eight

text: to

text: achieve

text: a

text: top

text: rating

text: in

text: a

text: science

text: discipline

text: Deakin

text: University

text: maintains

text: two

text: major

text: campuses

text: in

text: Melbourne

text: and

text: Geelong

text: and

text: is

text: the

text: third

text: largest

text: university

text: in

text: Victoria

text: In

text: recent

text: years

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: international

text: students

text: at

text: Melbourne

text: 's

text: universities

text: has

text: risen

text: rapidly

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: an

text: increasing

text: number

text: of

text: places

text: being

text: made

text: available

text: to

text: full

text: fee

text: paying

text: students

text: Education

text: in

text: Melbourne

text: is

text: overseen

text: by

text: the

text: Victorian

text: Department

text: of

text: Education

text: and

text: Early

text: Childhood

text: Development

text: DEECD

text: whose

text: role

text: is

text: to

text: provide

text: policy

text: and

text: planning

text: advice

text: for

text: the

text: delivery

text: of

text: education

question: Which university maintains two major campuses in Melbourne and Geelong and is the third largest university in Victoria?

answer: Deakin University

text: Deakin University

question: What is the role of the DEECD?

answer: 'provide policy and planning advice for the delivery of education

text: 'provide policy and planning advice for the delivery of education

question: Who oversees education in Melbourne?

answer: Victorian Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (DEECD)

text: Victorian Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (DEECD)


text: Bacteria can be grown in the laboratory on nutrient culture media, but viruses need living cells in which to replicate. Many vaccines to infectious diseases can be grown in fertilised chicken eggs. Millions of eggs are used each year to generate the annual flu vaccine requirements, a complex process that takes about six months after the decision is made as to what strains of virus to include in the new vaccine. A problem with using eggs for this purpose is that people with egg allergies are unable to be immunised, but this disadvantage may be overcome as new techniques for cell-based rather than egg-based culture become available. Cell-based culture will also be useful in a pandemic when it may be difficult to acquire a sufficiently large quantity of suitable sterile, fertile eggs.

title: Poultry

title: Poultry

text: Bacteria

text: can

text: be

text: grown

text: in

text: the

text: laboratory

text: on

text: nutrient

text: culture

text: media

text: but

text: viruses

text: need

text: living

text: cells

text: in

text: which

text: to

text: replicate

text: Many

text: vaccines

text: to

text: infectious

text: diseases

text: can

text: be

text: grown

text: in

text: fertilised

text: chicken

text: eggs

text: Millions

text: of

text: eggs

text: are

text: used

text: each

text: year

text: to

text: generate

text: the

text: annual

text: flu

text: vaccine

text: requirements

text: a

text: complex

text: process

text: that

text: takes

text: about

text: six

text: months

text: after

text: the

text: decision

text: is

text: made

text: as

text: to

text: what

text: strains

text: of

text: virus

text: to

text: include

text: in

text: the

text: new

text: vaccine

text: A

text: problem

text: with

text: using

text: eggs

text: for

text: this

text: purpose

text: is

text: that

text: people

text: with

text: egg

text: allergies

text: are

text: unable

text: to

text: be

text: immunised

text: but

text: this

text: disadvantage

text: may

text: be

text: overcome

text: as

text: new

text: techniques

text: for

text: cell

text: based

text: rather

text: than

text: egg

text: based

text: culture

text: become

text: available

text: Cell

text: based

text: culture

text: will

text: also

text: be

text: useful

text: in

text: a

text: pandemic

text: when

text: it

text: may

text: be

text: difficult

text: to

text: acquire

text: a

text: sufficiently

text: large

text: quantity

text: of

text: suitable

text: sterile

text: fertile

text: eggs

question: What are poultry eggs used for aside from consumption?

answer: Many vaccines to infectious diseases can be grown in fertilised chicken eggs.

text: Many vaccines to infectious diseases can be grown in fertilised chicken eggs.

question: What is the major difficulty faced in using poultry to cultivate vaccines?

answer: egg allergies are unable to be immunised

text: egg allergies are unable to be immunised

question: How long does it take for the flu vaccine to be fully ready for deployment into the population ?

answer: process that takes about six months

text: process that takes about six months

question: In order to make a vaccine , what do viruses require that bacteria does not?

answer: viruses need living cells in which to replicate

text: viruses need living cells in which to replicate

question: What new technology is being used in teh vaccine making process that will make vaccines safer and eaier for most consumers?

answer: . Cell-based culture

text: . Cell-based culture

question: Why are poultry eggs useless aside from consumption?

question: Why is there no difficulty faced in using poultry to cultivate vaccines?

question: What do viruses need in order to replicate in the laboratory?

text: nutrient culture media

question: What is a simple process that takes about one month to prepare?

text: annual flu vaccine requirements

question: What food is least commonly associated with allergy?

text: egg


text: Although a resonant antenna has a purely resistive feed-point impedance at a particular frequency, many (if not most) applications require using an antenna over a range of frequencies. An antenna's bandwidth specifies the range of frequencies over which its performance does not suffer due to a poor impedance match. Also in the case of a Yagi-Uda array, the use of the antenna very far away from its design frequency reduces the antenna's directivity, thus reducing the usable bandwidth regardless of impedance matching.

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: Although

text: a

text: resonant

text: antenna

text: has

text: a

text: purely

text: resistive

text: feed

text: point

text: impedance

text: at

text: a

text: particular

text: frequency

text: many

text: if

text: not

text: most

text: applications

text: require

text: using

text: an

text: antenna

text: over

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: frequencies

text: An

text: antenna

text: 's

text: bandwidth

text: specifies

text: the

text: range

text: of

text: frequencies

text: over

text: which

text: its

text: performance

text: does

text: not

text: suffer

text: due

text: to

text: a

text: poor

text: impedance

text: match

text: Also

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: a

text: Yagi

text: Uda

text: array

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: the

text: antenna

text: very

text: far

text: away

text: from

text: its

text: design

text: frequency

text: reduces

text: the

text: antenna

text: 's

text: directivity

text: thus

text: reducing

text: the

text: usable

text: bandwidth

text: regardless

text: of

text: impedance

text: matching

question: What type of antenna has impedance at a specific frequency?

answer: resonant

text: resonant

question: What term can be used to refer to the usable spectrum of an antennas frequency?

answer: bandwidth

text: bandwidth

question: What causes the frequencies outside of the bandwidth to be unusable?

answer: impedance match

text: impedance match

question: What is lessened by the Yagi-Uda design?

answer: directivity

text: directivity


text: Carnival in Haiti started in 1804 in the capital Port-au-Prince after the declaration of independence. The Port-au-Prince Carnival is one of the largest in North America. It is known as Kanaval in the Creole language. It starts in January, known as "Pre-Kanaval", while the main carnival activities begin in February. In July 2012, Haiti had another carnival called Kanaval de Fleur. Beautiful costumes, floats, Rara parades, masks, foods, and popular rasin music (like Boukman Eksperyans, Foula Vodoule, Tokay, Boukan Ginen, Eritaj, etc.) and kompa bands (such as T-Vice, Djakout No. 1, Sweet Micky, Kreyòl La, D.P. Express, Mizik Mizik, Ram, T-Micky, Carimi, Djakout Mizik, and Scorpio Fever) play for dancers in the streets of the plaza of Champ-de-Mars. An annual song competition takes place.

title: Carnival

title: Carnival

text: Carnival

text: in

text: Haiti

text: started

text: in

text: in

text: the

text: capital

text: Port

text: au

text: Prince

text: after

text: the

text: declaration

text: of

text: independence

text: The

text: Port

text: au

text: Prince

text: Carnival

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: It

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: Kanaval

text: in

text: the

text: Creole

text: language

text: It

text: starts

text: in

text: January

text: known

text: as

text: Pre

text: Kanaval

text: while

text: the

text: main

text: carnival

text: activities

text: begin

text: in

text: February

text: In

text: July

text: Haiti

text: had

text: another

text: carnival

text: called

text: Kanaval

text: de

text: Fleur

text: Beautiful

text: costumes

text: floats

text: Rara

text: parades

text: masks

text: foods

text: and

text: popular

text: rasin

text: music

text: like

text: Boukman

text: Eksperyans

text: Foula

text: Vodoule

text: Tokay

text: Boukan

text: Ginen

text: Eritaj

text: etc

text: and

text: kompa

text: bands

text: such

text: as

text: T

text: Vice

text: Djakout

text: No

text: Sweet

text: Micky

text: Kreyòl

text: La

text: D.P.

text: Express

text: Mizik

text: Mizik

text: Ram

text: T

text: Micky

text: Carimi

text: Djakout

text: Mizik

text: and

text: Scorpio

text: Fever

text: play

text: for

text: dancers

text: in

text: the

text: streets

text: of

text: the

text: plaza

text: of

text: Champ

text: de

text: Mars

text: An

text: annual

text: song

text: competition

text: takes

text: place

question: What year did the Carnival start in Haiti?

answer: 1804

question: What event precipitated the Carnival starting in Haiti?

answer: declaration of independence

text: declaration of independence

question: What is the Carnival known as in the Creole language?

answer: Kanaval

text: Kanaval

question: What type of bands play for dancers in the streets?

answer: kompa

text: kompa

question: What type of annual competition takes place during Kanavel?

answer: song

text: song


text: On September 27, 2010, Public Safety Canada partnered with STOP.THINK.CONNECT, a coalition of non-profit, private sector, and government organizations dedicated to informing the general public on how to protect themselves online. On February 4, 2014, the Government of Canada launched the Cyber Security Cooperation Program. The program is a $1.5 million five-year initiative aimed at improving Canada’s cyber systems through grants and contributions to projects in support of this objective. Public Safety Canada aims to begin an evaluation of Canada's Cyber Security Strategy in early 2015. Public Safety Canada administers and routinely updates the GetCyberSafe portal for Canadian citizens, and carries out Cyber Security Awareness Month during October.

title: Computer_security

title: Computer_security

text: On

text: September

text: Public

text: Safety

text: Canada

text: partnered

text: with

text: STOP.THINK.CONNECT

text: a

text: coalition

text: of

text: non

text: profit

text: private

text: sector

text: and

text: government

text: organizations

text: dedicated

text: to

text: informing

text: the

text: general

text: public

text: on

text: how

text: to

text: protect

text: themselves

text: online

text: On

text: February

text: the

text: Government

text: of

text: Canada

text: launched

text: the

text: Cyber

text: Security

text: Cooperation

text: Program

text: The

text: program

text: is

text: a

text: million

text: five

text: year

text: initiative

text: aimed

text: at

text: improving

text: Canada

text: ’s

text: cyber

text: systems

text: through

text: grants

text: and

text: contributions

text: to

text: projects

text: in

text: support

text: of

text: this

text: objective

text: Public

text: Safety

text: Canada

text: aims

text: to

text: begin

text: an

text: evaluation

text: of

text: Canada

text: 's

text: Cyber

text: Security

text: Strategy

text: in

text: early

text: Public

text: Safety

text: Canada

text: administers

text: and

text: routinely

text: updates

text: the

text: GetCyberSafe

text: portal

text: for

text: Canadian

text: citizens

text: and

text: carries

text: out

text: Cyber

text: Security

text: Awareness

text: Month

text: during

text: October

question: When did Public Safety Canada partner with Stop.Think. Connect?

answer: September 27, 2010

text: September 27, 2010

question: When was the Cyber Security Cooperation Program launched by the Government of Canada?

answer: February 4, 2014

text: February 4, 2014

question: Who routinely updates the GetCyberSafe portal for Canadian citizens?

answer: Public Safety Canada

text: Public Safety Canada

question: What month is Cyber Security Awareness Month?

answer: October

text: October

question: How much does the Cyber Security Cooperation Program cost?

answer: $1.5 million

text: $1.5 million

question: STOP.THINK.CONNECT is what kind of organization?

text: a coalition

question: What type of grants were given out by the Canadian Government?

text: Cyber Security

question: What does the Cyber Security Cooperation monitor?

question: Why is there a cyber security month?

text: Awareness

question: How are people protected online?

question: When was STOP.THINK.CONNECT created?

text: September 27, 2010

question: How expensive is the GetCyberSafe portal?

text: $1.5 million

question: When was the Cyber Security Cooperation Program shut down?

text: early 2015

question: When was the GetCyberSafe portal created?

question: When is the international Cyber Security Awareness month?

text: October


text: There were important quality advances in recordings specifically made for radio broadcast. In the early 1930s Bell Telephone Laboratories and Western Electric announced the total reinvention of disc recording: the Western Electric Wide Range System, "The New Voice of Action". The intent of the new Western Electric system was to improve the overall quality of disc recording and playback. The recording speed was 33 1⁄3 rpm, originally used in the Western Electric/ERPI movie audio disc system implemented in the early Warner Brothers' Vitaphone "talkies" of 1927.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: There

text: were

text: important

text: quality

text: advances

text: in

text: recordings

text: specifically

text: made

text: for

text: radio

text: broadcast

text: In

text: the

text: early

text: Bell

text: Telephone

text: Laboratories

text: and

text: Western

text: Electric

text: announced

text: the

text: total

text: reinvention

text: of

text: disc

text: recording

text: the

text: Western

text: Electric

text: Wide

text: Range

text: System

text: The

text: New

text: Voice

text: of

text: Action

text: The

text: intent

text: of

text: the

text: new

text: Western

text: Electric

text: system

text: was

text: to

text: improve

text: the

text: overall

text: quality

text: of

text: disc

text: recording

text: and

text: playback

text: The

text: recording

text: speed

text: was

text: rpm

text: originally

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: Electric

text: ERPI

text: movie

text: audio

text: disc

text: system

text: implemented

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: Warner

text: Brothers

text: Vitaphone

text: talkies

text: of

question: When was the Western Electric System introduced?

answer: early 1930s

text: early 1930s

question: What two companies worked together to develop the Western Electric System?

answer: Bell Telephone Laboratories and Western Electric

text: Bell Telephone Laboratories and Western Electric

question: What system was used by Warner Brothers?

answer: Western Electric system

text: Western Electric system

question: What speed was used in the Western Electric System?

answer: 33 1⁄3 rpm

text: 33 1⁄3 rpm

question: What was the Western Electric System believed to do?

answer: improve the overall quality

text: improve the overall quality


text: On 9 September the OKL appeared to be backing two strategies. Its round-the-clock bombing of London was an immediate attempt to force the British government to capitulate, but it was also striking at Britain's vital sea communications to achieve a victory through siege. Although the weather was poor, heavy raids took place that afternoon on the London suburbs and the airfield at Farnborough. The day's fighting cost Kesselring and Luftflotte 2 (Air Fleet 2) 24 aircraft, including 13 Bf 109s. Fighter Command lost 17 fighters and six pilots. Over the next few days weather was poor and the next main effort would not be made until 15 September 1940.

title: The_Blitz

title: The_Blitz

text: On

text: September

text: the

text: OKL

text: appeared

text: to

text: be

text: backing

text: two

text: strategies

text: Its

text: round

text: the

text: clock

text: bombing

text: of

text: London

text: was

text: an

text: immediate

text: attempt

text: to

text: force

text: the

text: British

text: government

text: to

text: capitulate

text: but

text: it

text: was

text: also

text: striking

text: at

text: Britain

text: 's

text: vital

text: sea

text: communications

text: to

text: achieve

text: a

text: victory

text: through

text: siege

text: Although

text: the

text: weather

text: was

text: poor

text: heavy

text: raids

text: took

text: place

text: that

text: afternoon

text: on

text: the

text: London

text: suburbs

text: and

text: the

text: airfield

text: at

text: Farnborough

text: The

text: day

text: 's

text: fighting

text: cost

text: Kesselring

text: and

text: Luftflotte

text: Air

text: Fleet

text: aircraft

text: including

text: Bf

text: Fighter

text: Command

text: lost

text: fighters

text: and

text: six

text: pilots

text: Over

text: the

text: next

text: few

text: days

text: weather

text: was

text: poor

text: and

text: the

text: next

text: main

text: effort

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: made

text: until

text: September

question: What was the name of the airfield where heavy raids took place?

answer: Farnborough

text: Farnborough

question: How many Bf 109s were lost?

answer: 13

question: FighterCommand lost how many fighters?

answer: 17

question: How many pilots did Fighter Command lose?

answer: six

text: six

question: What caused the delay in the effort?

answer: weather was poor

text: weather was poor


text: The NBA's New Orleans Hornets became the first major league sports franchise based in Oklahoma when the team was forced to relocate to Oklahoma City's Ford Center, now known as Chesapeake Energy Arena, for two seasons following Hurricane Katrina in 2005. In July 2008, the Seattle SuperSonics, a franchise owned by the Professional Basketball Club LLC, a group of Oklahoma City businessmen led by Clayton Bennett, relocated to Oklahoma City and announced that play would begin at the Ford Center as the Oklahoma City Thunder for the 2008–09 season, becoming the state's first permanent major league franchise.

title: Oklahoma

title: Oklahoma

text: The

text: NBA

text: 's

text: New

text: Orleans

text: Hornets

text: became

text: the

text: first

text: major

text: league

text: sports

text: franchise

text: based

text: in

text: Oklahoma

text: when

text: the

text: team

text: was

text: forced

text: to

text: relocate

text: to

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: 's

text: Ford

text: Center

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: Chesapeake

text: Energy

text: Arena

text: for

text: two

text: seasons

text: following

text: Hurricane

text: Katrina

text: in

text: In

text: July

text: the

text: Seattle

text: SuperSonics

text: a

text: franchise

text: owned

text: by

text: the

text: Professional

text: Basketball

text: Club

text: LLC

text: a

text: group

text: of

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: businessmen

text: led

text: by

text: Clayton

text: Bennett

text: relocated

text: to

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: and

text: announced

text: that

text: play

text: would

text: begin

text: at

text: the

text: Ford

text: Center

text: as

text: the

text: Oklahoma

text: City

text: Thunder

text: for

text: the

text: season

text: becoming

text: the

text: state

text: 's

text: first

text: permanent

text: major

text: league

text: franchise

question: Which NBA team temporarily relocated to Oklahoma?

answer: New Orleans Hornets

text: New Orleans Hornets

question: Where did the temporary NBA team play in Oklahoma?

answer: Oklahoma City's Ford Center

text: Oklahoma City's Ford Center

question: What caused the temporary NBA team to relocate to Oklahoma?

answer: Hurricane Katrina

text: Hurricane Katrina

question: What was the Thunder's previous name?

answer: Seattle SuperSonics

text: Seattle SuperSonics

question: Who owns the Thunder?

answer: Professional Basketball Club LLC

text: Professional Basketball Club LLC


text: Hunting also has a significant financial impact in the United States, with many companies specialising in hunting equipment or speciality tourism. Many different technologies have been created to assist hunters, even including iPhone applications. Today's hunters come from a broad range of economic, social, and cultural backgrounds. In 2001, over thirteen million hunters averaged eighteen days hunting, and spent over $20.5 billion on their sport.[citation needed] In the US, proceeds from hunting licenses contribute to state game management programs, including preservation of wildlife habitat.

title: Hunting

title: Hunting

text: Hunting

text: also

text: has

text: a

text: significant

text: financial

text: impact

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: with

text: many

text: companies

text: specialising

text: in

text: hunting

text: equipment

text: or

text: speciality

text: tourism

text: Many

text: different

text: technologies

text: have

text: been

text: created

text: to

text: assist

text: hunters

text: even

text: including

text: iPhone

text: applications

text: Today

text: 's

text: hunters

text: come

text: from

text: a

text: broad

text: range

text: of

text: economic

text: social

text: and

text: cultural

text: backgrounds

text: In

text: over

text: thirteen

text: million

text: hunters

text: averaged

text: eighteen

text: days

text: hunting

text: and

text: spent

text: over

text: billion

text: on

text: their

text: sport.[citation

text: needed

text: In

text: the

text: US

text: proceeds

text: from

text: hunting

text: licenses

text: contribute

text: to

text: state

text: game

text: management

text: programs

text: including

text: preservation

text: of

text: wildlife

text: habitat

question: Hunting has significant financial impact in what country?

answer: the United States

text: the United States

question: What do many companies specialize in apropos to hunting?

answer: equipment or speciality tourism

text: equipment or speciality tourism

question: "There's an app for that!",  what have been different technologies been created to do?

answer: assist hunters

text: assist hunters

question: What broad range of backgrounds do today's hunters come from?

answer: economic, social, and cultural

text: economic, social, and cultural

question: How much money did the thirteen million hunters spend on their sport in 2001?

answer: over $20.5 billion

text: over $20.5 billion

question: What type of financial impact does hunting have on the U.S.?

answer: significant financial impact

text: significant financial impact

question: What has been developed in the U.S. to help hunters?

answer: different technologies

text: different technologies

question: One technology that is available for hunters in the U.S. is?

answer: iPhone applications

text: iPhone applications

question: How much did hunters spend in 2001?

answer: over $20.5 billion

text: over $20.5 billion

question: What do the proceeds from hunting assist with?

answer: preservation of wildlife habitat

text: preservation of wildlife habitat

question: In what country was the IPhone first developed?

text: United States

question: How much did consumers spend on the IPhone in 2001?

text: $20.5 billion

question: What is one cause that was most supported by IPhone users in 2001?

text: preservation of wildlife habitat

question: How many people owned IPhones in 2001?

text: over thirteen million

question: How many types of technology went into the creation of the IPhone?

text: Many different technologies


text: Over 90 weeklies, fortnightlies and quarterlies are published in Sanskrit. Sudharma, a daily newspaper in Sanskrit, has been published out of Mysore, India, since 1970, while Sanskrit Vartman Patram and Vishwasya Vrittantam started in Gujarat during the last five years. Since 1974, there has been a short daily news broadcast on state-run All India Radio. These broadcasts are also made available on the internet on AIR's website. Sanskrit news is broadcast on TV and on the internet through the DD National channel at 6:55 AM IST.

title: Sanskrit

title: Sanskrit

text: Over

text: weeklies

text: fortnightlies

text: and

text: quarterlies

text: are

text: published

text: in

text: Sanskrit

text: Sudharma

text: a

text: daily

text: newspaper

text: in

text: Sanskrit

text: has

text: been

text: published

text: out

text: of

text: Mysore

text: India

text: since

text: while

text: Sanskrit

text: Vartman

text: Patram

text: and

text: Vishwasya

text: Vrittantam

text: started

text: in

text: Gujarat

text: during

text: the

text: last

text: five

text: years

text: Since

text: there

text: has

text: been

text: a

text: short

text: daily

text: news

text: broadcast

text: on

text: state

text: run

text: All

text: India

text: Radio

text: These

text: broadcasts

text: are

text: also

text: made

text: available

text: on

text: the

text: internet

text: on

text: AIR

text: 's

text: website

text: Sanskrit

text: news

text: is

text: broadcast

text: on

text: TV

text: and

text: on

text: the

text: internet

text: through

text: the

text: DD

text: National

text: channel

text: at

text: AM

text: IST

question: In what year was the daily newspaper Sudharma first published?

answer: 1970

question: Where are Sanskrit Vartman Patram and Vishwasya Vrittantam published?

answer: Gujarat

text: Gujarat

question: In what year did daily news broadcasts in Sankrit begin on state-run All India Radio?

answer: 1974

question: Approximately how many weeklies, fortnightlies and quarterlies published in Sanskrit?

answer: Over 90

text: Over 90

question: What is the broadcast time for Sanskrit news on the DD National channel?

answer: 6:55 AM IST

text: 6:55 AM IST

question: What is the publication, Sudharma?

answer: daily newspaper

text: daily newspaper

question: What language are many periodicals published in in India?

answer: Sanskrit

text: Sanskrit

question: Where is the newspaper Sudharma published?

answer: Mysore, India

text: Mysore, India

question: Since what year has there been a daily broadcast on All India Radio?

answer: 1974

question: Where can the Sanskrit broadcasts be found online?

answer: AIR's website

text: AIR's website

question: How many weeklies are published in Sanskrit?

question: What news paper was first published in 1974?

text: Sudharma

question: What first appeared in Sanskrit on All India Radio in 1970?

text: short daily news broadcast

question: What publications have been published out of Myrosa since 1970?

text: Vartman Patram and Vishwasya Vrittantam

question: What has been published out of Mumbai India since 1970?

text: Sudharma

question: Which publication in Gujarat started more than five years ago?

text: Vartman Patram

question: What year did weekly broadcasts start on All India Radio?

question: What broadcast is only found on the internet?

text: Sanskrit news

question: What channel can the Sanskrit news be found on a 9:55 AM IST?

text: DD National channel


text: The 1971 Local Government White Paper proposed abolishing county boroughs, which would have left Plymouth, a town of 250,000 people, being administered from a council based at the smaller Exeter, on the other side of the county. This led to Plymouth lobbying for the creation of a Tamarside county, to include Plymouth, Torpoint, Saltash, and the rural hinterland. The campaign was not successful, and Plymouth ceased to be a county borough on 1 April 1974 with responsibility for education, social services, highways and libraries transferred to Devon County Council. All powers returned when the city become a unitary authority on 1 April 1998 under recommendations of the Banham Commission.

title: Plymouth

title: Plymouth

text: The

text: Local

text: Government

text: White

text: Paper

text: proposed

text: abolishing

text: county

text: boroughs

text: which

text: would

text: have

text: left

text: Plymouth

text: a

text: town

text: of

text: people

text: being

text: administered

text: from

text: a

text: council

text: based

text: at

text: the

text: smaller

text: Exeter

text: on

text: the

text: other

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: county

text: This

text: led

text: to

text: Plymouth

text: lobbying

text: for

text: the

text: creation

text: of

text: a

text: Tamarside

text: county

text: to

text: include

text: Plymouth

text: Torpoint

text: Saltash

text: and

text: the

text: rural

text: hinterland

text: The

text: campaign

text: was

text: not

text: successful

text: and

text: Plymouth

text: ceased

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: county

text: borough

text: on

text: April

text: with

text: responsibility

text: for

text: education

text: social

text: services

text: highways

text: and

text: libraries

text: transferred

text: to

text: Devon

text: County

text: Council

text: All

text: powers

text: returned

text: when

text: the

text: city

text: become

text: a

text: unitary

text: authority

text: on

text: April

text: under

text: recommendations

text: of

text: the

text: Banham

text: Commission

question: What was the population of Plymouth in 1971?

answer: 250,000

question: What document suggested that county boroughs be eliminated?

answer: 1971 Local Government White Paper

text: 1971 Local Government White Paper

question: What county did Plymouth unsuccessfully attempt to see created?

answer: Tamarside

text: Tamarside

question: On what date did Plymouth's county status end?

answer: 1 April 1974

text: 1 April 1974

question: What body proposed that Plymouth become a unitary council?

answer: the Banham Commission

text: the Banham Commission


text: In some cases a wrestler may possess admirable physical traits but perceived mediocre public speaking abilities (such as Brock Lesnar), or their gimmick may be that of a "wild savage" needing a handler (such as Kamala). Such performers have historically employed a manager, who speaks on their behalf and adds to the performance. Managers have sometimes become major personalities, including Bobby Heenan, Paul Heyman, Ernie Roth, and Paul Bearer. A manager role may also be filled by a "valet", typically an appealing female who may participate in love triangle storylines, "damsel in distress" situations, and scripted fights with female wrestlers. Some of these have also gone on to become recognized stars, such as Tammy Lynn Sytch, Stacy Keibler, and Miss Elizabeth.

title: Professional_wrestling

title: Professional_wrestling

text: In

text: some

text: cases

text: a

text: wrestler

text: may

text: possess

text: admirable

text: physical

text: traits

text: but

text: perceived

text: mediocre

text: public

text: speaking

text: abilities

text: such

text: as

text: Brock

text: Lesnar

text: or

text: their

text: gimmick

text: may

text: be

text: that

text: of

text: a

text: wild

text: savage

text: needing

text: a

text: handler

text: such

text: as

text: Kamala

text: Such

text: performers

text: have

text: historically

text: employed

text: a

text: manager

text: who

text: speaks

text: on

text: their

text: behalf

text: and

text: adds

text: to

text: the

text: performance

text: Managers

text: have

text: sometimes

text: become

text: major

text: personalities

text: including

text: Bobby

text: Heenan

text: Paul

text: Heyman

text: Ernie

text: Roth

text: and

text: Paul

text: Bearer

text: A

text: manager

text: role

text: may

text: also

text: be

text: filled

text: by

text: a

text: valet

text: typically

text: an

text: appealing

text: female

text: who

text: may

text: participate

text: in

text: love

text: triangle

text: storylines

text: damsel

text: in

text: distress

text: situations

text: and

text: scripted

text: fights

text: with

text: female

text: wrestlers

text: Some

text: of

text: these

text: have

text: also

text: gone

text: on

text: to

text: become

text: recognized

text: stars

text: such

text: as

text: Tammy

text: Lynn

text: Sytch

text: Stacy

text: Keibler

text: and

text: Miss

text: Elizabeth

question: Who helps out a wrestler with poor speaking abilities?

answer: manager

text: manager

question: What sometimes happens with managers?

answer: become major personalities

text: become major personalities

question: Who else can perform the manager role?

answer: "valet

text: "valet

question: Who might participate in a love triangle story?

answer: an appealing female

text: an appealing female


text: The Liberal Party's organisation is dominated by the six state divisions, reflecting the party's original commitment to a federalised system of government (a commitment which was strongly maintained by all Liberal governments until 1983, but was to a large extent abandoned by the Howard Government, which showed strong centralising tendencies). Menzies deliberately created a weak national party machine and strong state divisions. Party policy is made almost entirely by the parliamentary parties, not by the party's rank-and-file members, although Liberal party members do have a degree of influence over party policy.

title: Liberal_Party_of_Australia

title: Liberal_Party_of_Australia

text: The

text: Liberal

text: Party

text: 's

text: organisation

text: is

text: dominated

text: by

text: the

text: six

text: state

text: divisions

text: reflecting

text: the

text: party

text: 's

text: original

text: commitment

text: to

text: a

text: federalised

text: system

text: of

text: government

text: a

text: commitment

text: which

text: was

text: strongly

text: maintained

text: by

text: all

text: Liberal

text: governments

text: until

text: but

text: was

text: to

text: a

text: large

text: extent

text: abandoned

text: by

text: the

text: Howard

text: Government

text: which

text: showed

text: strong

text: centralising

text: tendencies

text: Menzies

text: deliberately

text: created

text: a

text: weak

text: national

text: party

text: machine

text: and

text: strong

text: state

text: divisions

text: Party

text: policy

text: is

text: made

text: almost

text: entirely

text: by

text: the

text: parliamentary

text: parties

text: not

text: by

text: the

text: party

text: 's

text: rank

text: and

text: file

text: members

text: although

text: Liberal

text: party

text: members

text: do

text: have

text: a

text: degree

text: of

text: influence

text: over

text: party

text: policy

question: How many state divisions exist in the Liberal Party's organisation?

answer: six

text: six

question: Which politician purposely created strong state divisions to a weaker national party?

answer: Menzies

text: Menzies

question: Who makes party policy?

answer: almost entirely by the parliamentary parties, not by the party's rank-and-file members

text: almost entirely by the parliamentary parties, not by the party's rank-and-file members

question: How many state divisions exist in the Howard Governments organization?

text: six

question: Which politician purposely created strong state divisions and a stronger national party?

text: Menzies

question: Who makes party divisions?

text: parliamentary parties

question: When was a parliamentary government maintained by all Liberal governments until?

question: What is dominated by party policy divisions?

text: Liberal Party


text: Bacterial species differ in the number and arrangement of flagella on their surface; some have a single flagellum (monotrichous), a flagellum at each end (amphitrichous), clusters of flagella at the poles of the cell (lophotrichous), while others have flagella distributed over the entire surface of the cell (peritrichous). The bacterial flagella is the best-understood motility structure in any organism and is made of about 20 proteins, with approximately another 30 proteins required for its regulation and assembly. The flagellum is a rotating structure driven by a reversible motor at the base that uses the electrochemical gradient across the membrane for power. This motor drives the motion of the filament, which acts as a propeller.

title: Bacteria

title: Bacteria

text: Bacterial

text: species

text: differ

text: in

text: the

text: number

text: and

text: arrangement

text: of

text: flagella

text: on

text: their

text: surface

text: some

text: have

text: a

text: single

text: flagellum

text: monotrichous

text: a

text: flagellum

text: at

text: each

text: end

text: amphitrichous

text: clusters

text: of

text: flagella

text: at

text: the

text: poles

text: of

text: the

text: cell

text: lophotrichous

text: while

text: others

text: have

text: flagella

text: distributed

text: over

text: the

text: entire

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: cell

text: peritrichous

text: The

text: bacterial

text: flagella

text: is

text: the

text: best

text: understood

text: motility

text: structure

text: in

text: any

text: organism

text: and

text: is

text: made

text: of

text: about

text: proteins

text: with

text: approximately

text: another

text: proteins

text: required

text: for

text: its

text: regulation

text: and

text: assembly

text: The

text: flagellum

text: is

text: a

text: rotating

text: structure

text: driven

text: by

text: a

text: reversible

text: motor

text: at

text: the

text: base

text: that

text: uses

text: the

text: electrochemical

text: gradient

text: across

text: the

text: membrane

text: for

text: power

text: This

text: motor

text: drives

text: the

text: motion

text: of

text: the

text: filament

text: which

text: acts

text: as

text: a

text: propeller

question: What is monotrichous?

answer: single flagellum

text: single flagellum

question: If bacteria has flagellum at each end what is the name of the species?

answer: amphitrichous

text: amphitrichous

question: When flagellum is distributed throughout the surface of the cell?

answer: peritrichous

text: peritrichous

question: How many proteins is typical flagellum consist os?

answer: 20 proteins

text: 20 proteins

question: How does flagellum function within the cell?

answer: uses the electrochemical gradient across the membrane

text: uses the electrochemical gradient across the membrane


text: Despite efforts to revive Hebrew as the national language of the Jewish people, knowledge of the language is not commonly possessed by Jews worldwide and English has emerged as the lingua franca of the Jewish diaspora. Although many Jews once had sufficient knowledge of Hebrew to study the classic literature, and Jewish languages like Yiddish and Ladino were commonly used as recently as the early 20th century, most Jews lack such knowledge today and English has by and large superseded most Jewish vernaculars. The three most commonly spoken languages among Jews today are Hebrew, English, and Russian. Some Romance languages, particularly French and Spanish, are also widely used. Yiddish has been spoken by more Jews in history than any other language, but it is far less used today following the Holocaust and the adoption of Modern Hebrew by the Zionist movement and the State of Israel. In some places, the mother language of the Jewish community differs from that of the general population or the dominant group. For example, in Quebec, the Ashkenazic majority has adopted English, while the Sephardic minority uses French as its primary language. Similarly, South African Jews adopted English rather than Afrikaans. Due to both Czarist and Soviet policies, Russian has superseded Yiddish as the language of Russian Jews, but these policies have also affected neighboring communities. Today, Russian is the first language for many Jewish communities in a number of Post-Soviet states, such as Ukraine and Uzbekistan, as well as for Ashkenazic Jews in Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Tajikistan. Although communities in North Africa today are small and dwindling, Jews there had shifted from a multilingual group to a monolingual one (or nearly so), speaking French in Algeria, Morocco, and the city of Tunis, while most North Africans continue to use Arabic as their mother tongue.[citation needed]

title: Jews

title: Jews

text: Despite

text: efforts

text: to

text: revive

text: Hebrew

text: as

text: the

text: national

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: Jewish

text: people

text: knowledge

text: of

text: the

text: language

text: is

text: not

text: commonly

text: possessed

text: by

text: Jews

text: worldwide

text: and

text: English

text: has

text: emerged

text: as

text: the

text: lingua

text: franca

text: of

text: the

text: Jewish

text: diaspora

text: Although

text: many

text: Jews

text: once

text: had

text: sufficient

text: knowledge

text: of

text: Hebrew

text: to

text: study

text: the

text: classic

text: literature

text: and

text: Jewish

text: languages

text: like

text: Yiddish

text: and

text: Ladino

text: were

text: commonly

text: used

text: as

text: recently

text: as

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: most

text: Jews

text: lack

text: such

text: knowledge

text: today

text: and

text: English

text: has

text: by

text: and

text: large

text: superseded

text: most

text: Jewish

text: vernaculars

text: The

text: three

text: most

text: commonly

text: spoken

text: languages

text: among

text: Jews

text: today

text: are

text: Hebrew

text: English

text: and

text: Russian

text: Some

text: Romance

text: languages

text: particularly

text: French

text: and

text: Spanish

text: are

text: also

text: widely

text: used

text: Yiddish

text: has

text: been

text: spoken

text: by

text: more

text: Jews

text: in

text: history

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: language

text: but

text: it

text: is

text: far

text: less

text: used

text: today

text: following

text: the

text: Holocaust

text: and

text: the

text: adoption

text: of

text: Modern

text: Hebrew

text: by

text: the

text: Zionist

text: movement

text: and

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Israel

text: In

text: some

text: places

text: the

text: mother

text: language

text: of

text: the

text: Jewish

text: community

text: differs

text: from

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: general

text: population

text: or

text: the

text: dominant

text: group

text: For

text: example

text: in

text: Quebec

text: the

text: Ashkenazic

text: majority

text: has

text: adopted

text: English

text: while

text: the

text: Sephardic

text: minority

text: uses

text: French

text: as

text: its

text: primary

text: language

text: Similarly

text: South

text: African

text: Jews

text: adopted

text: English

text: rather

text: than

text: Afrikaans

text: Due

text: to

text: both

text: Czarist

text: and

text: Soviet

text: policies

text: Russian

text: has

text: superseded

text: Yiddish

text: as

text: the

text: language

text: of

text: Russian

text: Jews

text: but

text: these

text: policies

text: have

text: also

text: affected

text: neighboring

text: communities

text: Today

text: Russian

text: is

text: the

text: first

text: language

text: for

text: many

text: Jewish

text: communities

text: in

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: Post

text: Soviet

text: states

text: such

text: as

text: Ukraine

text: and

text: Uzbekistan

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: for

text: Ashkenazic

text: Jews

text: in

text: Azerbaijan

text: Georgia

text: and

text: Tajikistan

text: Although

text: communities

text: in

text: North

text: Africa

text: today

text: are

text: small

text: and

text: dwindling

text: Jews

text: there

text: had

text: shifted

text: from

text: a

text: multilingual

text: group

text: to

text: a

text: monolingual

text: one

text: or

text: nearly

text: so

text: speaking

text: French

text: in

text: Algeria

text: Morocco

text: and

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Tunis

text: while

text: most

text: North

text: Africans

text: continue

text: to

text: use

text: Arabic

text: as

text: their

text: mother

text: tongue.[citation

text: needed

question: What language is spoken by more Jews in history than any other language?

answer: Yiddish

text: Yiddish

question: North Africans continue to use what language as their mother tongue?

answer: North Africans

text: North Africans

question: What are the three most commonly spoken languages among Jews today?

answer: Hebrew, English, and Russian

text: Hebrew, English, and Russian

question: South African Jews adopted which language?

answer: English

text: English

question: Which language has by and far superseded most Jewish vernaculars?

answer: English

text: English

question: When was Hebrew last commonly used?

text: the early 20th century

question: What language has surpassed English as a Jewish vernacular?

text: Hebrew

question: What are the three least commonly spoken languages among Jews?

text: Hebrew, English, and Russian

question: What language have Ashkenazi Jews adopted outside of Quebec?

text: English

question: What group has shifted from a monolingual group to a multilingual one?

text: North Africans


text: In ancient times, Greece was the birthplace of Western culture. Modern democracies owe a debt to Greek beliefs in government by the people, trial by jury, and equality under the law. The ancient Greeks pioneered in many fields that rely on systematic thought, including biology, geometry, history, philosophy, physics and mathematics. They introduced such important literary forms as epic and lyric poetry, history, tragedy, and comedy. In their pursuit of order and proportion, the Greeks created an ideal of beauty that strongly influenced Western art.

title: Greece

title: Greece

text: In

text: ancient

text: times

text: Greece

text: was

text: the

text: birthplace

text: of

text: Western

text: culture

text: Modern

text: democracies

text: owe

text: a

text: debt

text: to

text: Greek

text: beliefs

text: in

text: government

text: by

text: the

text: people

text: trial

text: by

text: jury

text: and

text: equality

text: under

text: the

text: law

text: The

text: ancient

text: Greeks

text: pioneered

text: in

text: many

text: fields

text: that

text: rely

text: on

text: systematic

text: thought

text: including

text: biology

text: geometry

text: history

text: philosophy

text: physics

text: and

text: mathematics

text: They

text: introduced

text: such

text: important

text: literary

text: forms

text: as

text: epic

text: and

text: lyric

text: poetry

text: history

text: tragedy

text: and

text: comedy

text: In

text: their

text: pursuit

text: of

text: order

text: and

text: proportion

text: the

text: Greeks

text: created

text: an

text: ideal

text: of

text: beauty

text: that

text: strongly

text: influenced

text: Western

text: art

question: Ancient Greece was the birthplace of what?

answer: Western culture

text: Western culture

question: What did Greece's political philosophy affect?

answer: Modern democracies

text: Modern democracies

question: Greeks were pioneers in many scientific fields that require what?

answer: systematic thought

text: systematic thought


text: RIBA is based at 66 Portland Place, London—a 1930s Grade II* listed building designed by architect George Grey Wornum with sculptures by Edward Bainbridge Copnall and James Woodford. Parts of the London building are open to the public, including the Library. It has a large architectural bookshop, a café, restaurant and lecture theatres. Rooms are hired out for events.

title: Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

title: Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

text: RIBA

text: is

text: based

text: at

text: Portland

text: Place

text: London

text: a

text: Grade

text: II

text: listed

text: building

text: designed

text: by

text: architect

text: George

text: Grey

text: Wornum

text: with

text: sculptures

text: by

text: Edward

text: Bainbridge

text: Copnall

text: and

text: James

text: Woodford

text: Parts

text: of

text: the

text: London

text: building

text: are

text: open

text: to

text: the

text: public

text: including

text: the

text: Library

text: It

text: has

text: a

text: large

text: architectural

text: bookshop

text: a

text: café

text: restaurant

text: and

text: lecture

text: theatres

text: Rooms

text: are

text: hired

text: out

text: for

text: events

question: What is the Royal Institute of British Architects' street address?

answer: 66 Portland Place

text: 66 Portland Place

question: Who designed RIBA's headquarters?

answer: George Grey Wornum

text: George Grey Wornum

question: What is one room in RIBA's headquarters that can be visited by the public?

answer: the Library

text: the Library

question: For what purpose can rooms be rented at the Royal Institute's building?

answer: events

text: events

question: What is the former Royal Institute of British Architects' street address?

text: 66 Portland Place, London

question: Who destroyed RIBA's headquarters?

text: George Grey Wornum

question: What is one room in RIBA's headquarters that can no longer be visited by the public?

text: the Library

question: What purpose can rooms not be rented at the Royal Institute's building?

text: events