text: France and the UK, the largest shareholders in the Suez Canal Company, saw its nationalization as yet another hostile measure aimed at them by the Egyptian government. Nasser was aware that the canal's nationalization would instigate an international crisis and believed the prospect of military intervention by the two countries was 80 per cent likely. He believed, however, that the UK would not be able to intervene militarily for at least two months after the announcement, and dismissed Israeli action as "impossible". In early October, the UN Security Council met on the matter of the canal's nationalization and adopted a resolution recognizing Egypt's right to control the canal as long as it continued to allow passage through it for foreign ships. According to Heikal, after this agreement, "Nasser estimated that the danger of invasion had dropped to 10 per cent". Shortly thereafter, however, the UK, France, and Israel made a secret agreement to take over the Suez Canal, occupy the Suez Canal zone, and topple Nasser.

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

title: Gamal_Abdel_Nasser

text: France

text: and

text: the

text: UK

text: the

text: largest

text: shareholders

text: in

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: Company

text: saw

text: its

text: nationalization

text: as

text: yet

text: another

text: hostile

text: measure

text: aimed

text: at

text: them

text: by

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: government

text: Nasser

text: was

text: aware

text: that

text: the

text: canal

text: 's

text: nationalization

text: would

text: instigate

text: an

text: international

text: crisis

text: and

text: believed

text: the

text: prospect

text: of

text: military

text: intervention

text: by

text: the

text: two

text: countries

text: was

text: per

text: cent

text: likely

text: He

text: believed

text: however

text: that

text: the

text: UK

text: would

text: not

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: intervene

text: militarily

text: for

text: at

text: least

text: two

text: months

text: after

text: the

text: announcement

text: and

text: dismissed

text: Israeli

text: action

text: as

text: impossible

text: In

text: early

text: October

text: the

text: UN

text: Security

text: Council

text: met

text: on

text: the

text: matter

text: of

text: the

text: canal

text: 's

text: nationalization

text: and

text: adopted

text: a

text: resolution

text: recognizing

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: right

text: to

text: control

text: the

text: canal

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: it

text: continued

text: to

text: allow

text: passage

text: through

text: it

text: for

text: foreign

text: ships

text: According

text: to

text: Heikal

text: after

text: this

text: agreement

text: Nasser

text: estimated

text: that

text: the

text: danger

text: of

text: invasion

text: had

text: dropped

text: to

text: per

text: cent

text: Shortly

text: thereafter

text: however

text: the

text: UK

text: France

text: and

text: Israel

text: made

text: a

text: secret

text: agreement

text: to

text: take

text: over

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: occupy

text: the

text: Suez

text: Canal

text: zone

text: and

text: topple

text: Nasser

question: What nations were outraged by the nationalization scheme?

answer: France and the UK

text: France and the UK

question: What nation did Nasser judge impossible to become militarially involved?

answer: Israel

text: Israel

question: What entity drew up an agreement that drastically reduced the threat of military action against Egypt?

answer: UN Security Council

text: UN Security Council

question: What did the UK, France and Israel intend to do to Nasser?

answer: topple

text: topple


text: In contrast, Europe has a greater history of unitary states than North America, thus European "federalism" argues for a weaker central government, relative to a unitary state. The modern American usage of the word is much closer to the European sense. As the power of the Federal government has increased, some people have perceived a much more unitary state than they believe the Founding Fathers intended. Most people politically advocating "federalism" in the United States argue in favor of limiting the powers of the federal government, especially the judiciary (see Federalist Society, New Federalism).

title: Federalism

title: Federalism

text: In

text: contrast

text: Europe

text: has

text: a

text: greater

text: history

text: of

text: unitary

text: states

text: than

text: North

text: America

text: thus

text: European

text: federalism

text: argues

text: for

text: a

text: weaker

text: central

text: government

text: relative

text: to

text: a

text: unitary

text: state

text: The

text: modern

text: American

text: usage

text: of

text: the

text: word

text: is

text: much

text: closer

text: to

text: the

text: European

text: sense

text: As

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: the

text: Federal

text: government

text: has

text: increased

text: some

text: people

text: have

text: perceived

text: a

text: much

text: more

text: unitary

text: state

text: than

text: they

text: believe

text: the

text: Founding

text: Fathers

text: intended

text: Most

text: people

text: politically

text: advocating

text: federalism

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: argue

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: limiting

text: the

text: powers

text: of

text: the

text: federal

text: government

text: especially

text: the

text: judiciary

text: see

text: Federalist

text: Society

text: New

text: Federalism

question: Who has a greater history of unitary states?

answer: Europe

text: Europe

question: What does federalism mean in Europe?

answer: weaker central government, relative to a unitary state

text: weaker central government, relative to a unitary state

question: What branch does the United States want to limit under the federalist model?

answer: judiciary

text: judiciary

question: Who has a lesser history of unitary states?

text: Europe

question: Who has a greater history of solitary states?

text: Europe

question: What doesn't federalism mean in Europe?

question: What branch doesn't the United States want to limit under the federalist model?

text: judiciary

question: What branch does the United Nations want to limit under the federalist model?

text: judiciary


text: Switzerland is one of the richest and wealthiest countries in the world. Switzerland ranks top or close to the top in several metrics of national performance, including government transparency, civil liberties, quality of life, economic competitiveness, and human development. It has the highest nominal wealth (financial and non-financial assets) per adult in the world according to Credit Suisse and the eighth-highest per capita gross domestic product on the IMF list. Zürich and Geneva have each been ranked among the top cities with the highest quality of life in the world, with the former ranked 2nd globally, according to Mercer.

title: Switzerland

title: Switzerland

text: Switzerland

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: richest

text: and

text: wealthiest

text: countries

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: Switzerland

text: ranks

text: top

text: or

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: top

text: in

text: several

text: metrics

text: of

text: national

text: performance

text: including

text: government

text: transparency

text: civil

text: liberties

text: quality

text: of

text: life

text: economic

text: competitiveness

text: and

text: human

text: development

text: It

text: has

text: the

text: highest

text: nominal

text: wealth

text: financial

text: and

text: non

text: financial

text: assets

text: per

text: adult

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: according

text: to

text: Credit

text: Suisse

text: and

text: the

text: eighth

text: highest

text: per

text: capita

text: gross

text: domestic

text: product

text: on

text: the

text: IMF

text: list

text: Zürich

text: and

text: Geneva

text: have

text: each

text: been

text: ranked

text: among

text: the

text: top

text: cities

text: with

text: the

text: highest

text: quality

text: of

text: life

text: in

text: the

text: world

text: with

text: the

text: former

text: ranked

text: globally

text: according

text: to

text: Mercer

question: How does Switzerland rank worldwide in areas such as quality of life and civil liberties?

answer: top or close to the top

text: top or close to the top

question: Which country has the highest nominal wealth per adult in the world according to Credit Suisse?

answer: Switzerland

text: Switzerland

question: Which two Swiss cities have been ranked as having the highest quality of life in the world?

answer: Zürich and Geneva

text: Zürich and Geneva

question: What assets are included in nominal wealth?

answer: financial and non-financial

text: financial and non-financial

question: What is Switzerland's ranking for per capita gross domestic product on the IMF list?

answer: eighth-highest

text: eighth-highest


text: Spielberg first met actress Amy Irving in 1976 at the suggestion of director Brian De Palma, who knew he was looking for an actress to play in Close Encounters. After meeting her, Spielberg told his co-producer Julia Phillips, "I met a real heartbreaker last night.":293 Although she was too young for the role, she and Spielberg began dating and she eventually moved in to what she described as his "bachelor funky" house.:294 They lived together for four years, but the stresses of their professional careers took a toll on their relationship. Irving wanted to be certain that whatever success she attained as an actress would be her own: "I don't want to be known as Steven's girlfriend," she said, and chose not to be in any of his films during those years.:295

title: Steven_Spielberg

title: Steven_Spielberg

text: Spielberg

text: first

text: met

text: actress

text: Amy

text: Irving

text: in

text: at

text: the

text: suggestion

text: of

text: director

text: Brian

text: De

text: Palma

text: who

text: knew

text: he

text: was

text: looking

text: for

text: an

text: actress

text: to

text: play

text: in

text: Close

text: Encounters

text: After

text: meeting

text: her

text: Spielberg

text: told

text: his

text: co

text: producer

text: Julia

text: Phillips

text: I

text: met

text: a

text: real

text: heartbreaker

text: last

text: Although

text: she

text: was

text: too

text: young

text: for

text: the

text: role

text: she

text: and

text: Spielberg

text: began

text: dating

text: and

text: she

text: eventually

text: moved

text: in

text: to

text: what

text: she

text: described

text: as

text: his

text: bachelor

text: funky

text: They

text: lived

text: together

text: for

text: four

text: years

text: but

text: the

text: stresses

text: of

text: their

text: professional

text: careers

text: took

text: a

text: toll

text: on

text: their

text: relationship

text: Irving

text: wanted

text: to

text: be

text: certain

text: that

text: whatever

text: success

text: she

text: attained

text: as

text: an

text: actress

text: would

text: be

text: her

text: own

text: I

text: do

text: n't

text: want

text: to

text: be

text: known

text: as

text: Steven

text: 's

text: girlfriend

text: she

text: said

text: and

text: chose

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: in

text: any

text: of

text: his

text: films

text: during

text: those

question: Who did Spielberg begin dating in 1976?

answer: Amy Irving

text: Amy Irving

question: What was Amy Irving's career?

answer: actress

text: actress

question: Who introduced Irving to Spielberg?

answer: Brian De Palma

text: Brian De Palma

question: How did Irving describe Spielberg's house?

answer: "bachelor funky"

text: "bachelor funky"

question: Why did Irving not want to be in Spielberg's films while dating?

answer: "I don't want to be known as Steven's girlfriend,"

text: "I don't want to be known as Steven's girlfriend,"

question: In what year did Brian de Palma direct his first film?

question: What was the first movie Julie Phillips ever co-produced?

text: Close Encounters

question: In what year did Amy Irving move into Spielberg's home?

question: Who was one of the actresses in Close Encounters?

text: Amy Irving

question: In what year did Amy Irving move out of Spielberg's home?


text: Kadamba (345 – 525 CE) was an ancient royal dynasty of Karnataka, India that ruled northern Karnataka and the Konkan from Banavasi in present-day Uttara Kannada district. At the peak of their power under King Kakushtavarma, the Kadambas of Banavasi ruled large parts of modern Karnataka state. The dynasty was founded by Mayurasharma in 345 CE which at later times showed the potential of developing into imperial proportions, an indication to which is provided by the titles and epithets assumed by its rulers. King Mayurasharma defeated the armies of Pallavas of Kanchi possibly with help of some native tribes. The Kadamba fame reached its peak during the rule of Kakusthavarma, a notable ruler with whom even the kings of Gupta Dynasty of northern India cultivated marital alliances. The Kadambas were contemporaries of the Western Ganga Dynasty and together they formed the earliest native kingdoms to rule the land with absolute autonomy. The dynasty later continued to rule as a feudatory of larger Kannada empires, the Chalukya and the Rashtrakuta empires, for over five hundred years during which time they branched into minor dynasties known as the Kadambas of Goa, Kadambas of Halasi and Kadambas of Hangal.

title: History_of_India

title: History_of_India

text: Kadamba

text: CE

text: was

text: an

text: ancient

text: royal

text: dynasty

text: of

text: Karnataka

text: India

text: that

text: ruled

text: northern

text: Karnataka

text: and

text: the

text: Konkan

text: from

text: Banavasi

text: in

text: present

text: day

text: Uttara

text: Kannada

text: district

text: At

text: the

text: peak

text: of

text: their

text: power

text: under

text: King

text: Kakushtavarma

text: the

text: Kadambas

text: of

text: Banavasi

text: ruled

text: large

text: parts

text: of

text: modern

text: Karnataka

text: state

text: The

text: dynasty

text: was

text: founded

text: by

text: Mayurasharma

text: in

text: CE

text: which

text: at

text: later

text: times

text: showed

text: the

text: potential

text: of

text: developing

text: into

text: imperial

text: proportions

text: an

text: indication

text: to

text: which

text: is

text: provided

text: by

text: the

text: titles

text: and

text: epithets

text: assumed

text: by

text: its

text: rulers

text: King

text: Mayurasharma

text: defeated

text: the

text: armies

text: of

text: Pallavas

text: of

text: Kanchi

text: possibly

text: with

text: help

text: of

text: some

text: native

text: tribes

text: The

text: Kadamba

text: fame

text: reached

text: its

text: peak

text: during

text: the

text: rule

text: of

text: Kakusthavarma

text: a

text: notable

text: ruler

text: with

text: whom

text: even

text: the

text: kings

text: of

text: Gupta

text: Dynasty

text: of

text: northern

text: India

text: cultivated

text: marital

text: alliances

text: The

text: Kadambas

text: were

text: contemporaries

text: of

text: the

text: Western

text: Ganga

text: Dynasty

text: and

text: together

text: they

text: formed

text: the

text: earliest

text: native

text: kingdoms

text: to

text: rule

text: the

text: land

text: with

text: absolute

text: autonomy

text: The

text: dynasty

text: later

text: continued

text: to

text: rule

text: as

text: a

text: feudatory

text: of

text: larger

text: Kannada

text: empires

text: the

text: Chalukya

text: and

text: the

text: Rashtrakuta

text: empires

text: for

text: over

text: five

text: hundred

text: years

text: during

text: which

text: time

text: they

text: branched

text: into

text: minor

text: dynasties

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Kadambas

text: of

text: Goa

text: Kadambas

text: of

text: Halasi

text: and

text: Kadambas

text: of

text: Hangal

question: During what time did Kadamba rule northern Karnataka?

answer: 345 – 525 CE

text: 345 – 525 CE

question: Where did the Kadamba dynasty originate?

answer: Karnataka, India

text: Karnataka, India

question: What ruler ruled at the peak of Kadamba power?

answer: King Kakushtavarma

text: King Kakushtavarma

question: Who founded the Kamdamba dynasty?

answer: Mayurasharma

text: Mayurasharma

question: What dynasty made military alliances with the Kamdamba?

answer: Gupta Dynasty

text: Gupta Dynasty


text: The Neolithic 1 (PPNA) period began roughly 10,000 years ago in the Levant. A temple area in southeastern Turkey at Göbekli Tepe dated around 9,500 BC may be regarded as the beginning of the period. This site was developed by nomadic hunter-gatherer tribes, evidenced by the lack of permanent housing in the vicinity and may be the oldest known human-made place of worship. At least seven stone circles, covering 25 acres (10 ha), contain limestone pillars carved with animals, insects, and birds. Stone tools were used by perhaps as many as hundreds of people to create the pillars, which might have supported roofs. Other early PPNA sites dating to around 9,500 to 9,000 BCE have been found in Jericho, Israel (notably Ain Mallaha, Nahal Oren, and Kfar HaHoresh), Gilgal in the Jordan Valley, and Byblos, Lebanon. The start of Neolithic 1 overlaps the Tahunian and Heavy Neolithic periods to some degree.[citation needed]

title: Neolithic

title: Neolithic

text: The

text: Neolithic

text: PPNA

text: period

text: began

text: roughly

text: years

text: ago

text: in

text: the

text: Levant

text: A

text: temple

text: area

text: in

text: southeastern

text: Turkey

text: at

text: Göbekli

text: Tepe

text: dated

text: around

text: BC

text: may

text: be

text: regarded

text: as

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: period

text: This

text: site

text: was

text: developed

text: by

text: nomadic

text: hunter

text: gatherer

text: tribes

text: evidenced

text: by

text: the

text: lack

text: of

text: permanent

text: housing

text: in

text: the

text: vicinity

text: and

text: may

text: be

text: the

text: oldest

text: known

text: human

text: made

text: place

text: of

text: worship

text: At

text: least

text: seven

text: stone

text: circles

text: covering

text: acres

text: ha

text: contain

text: limestone

text: pillars

text: carved

text: with

text: animals

text: insects

text: and

text: birds

text: Stone

text: tools

text: were

text: used

text: by

text: perhaps

text: as

text: many

text: as

text: hundreds

text: of

text: people

text: to

text: create

text: the

text: pillars

text: which

text: might

text: have

text: supported

text: roofs

text: Other

text: early

text: PPNA

text: sites

text: dating

text: to

text: around

text: to

text: BCE

text: have

text: been

text: found

text: in

text: Jericho

text: Israel

text: notably

text: Ain

text: Mallaha

text: Nahal

text: Oren

text: and

text: Kfar

text: HaHoresh

text: Gilgal

text: in

text: the

text: Jordan

text: Valley

text: and

text: Byblos

text: Lebanon

text: The

text: start

text: of

text: Neolithic

text: overlaps

text: the

text: Tahunian

text: and

text: Heavy

text: Neolithic

text: periods

text: to

text: some

text: degree.[citation

text: needed

question: When did the The Neolithic 1 (PPNA) period start?

answer: roughly 10,000 years ago

text: roughly 10,000 years ago

question: Where is the Göbekli Tepe temple located?

answer: Turkey

text: Turkey

question: Who built the Göbekli Tepe temple?

answer: nomadic hunter-gatherer tribes

text: nomadic hunter-gatherer tribes

question: What is the name of earliest man made place of worship?

answer: Göbekli Tepe

text: Göbekli Tepe

question: When did the Neolithic 1 (PPNA) Period end?

text: roughly 10,000 years ago

question: Where is the Gilgal located?

text: Turkey

question: Who built the Gilgal?

text: nomadic hunter-gatherer tribes

question: What is the name of earliest man made pillar?

text: Göbekli Tepe

question: When was the earliest man made pillar built?

text: around 9,500 BC


text: Three other efforts to improve regulation of international pesticide trade are the United Nations London Guidelines for the Exchange of Information on Chemicals in International Trade and the United Nations Codex Alimentarius Commission.[citation needed] The former seeks to implement procedures for ensuring that prior informed consent exists between countries buying and selling pesticides, while the latter seeks to create uniform standards for maximum levels of pesticide residues among participating countries. Both initiatives operate on a voluntary basis.

title: Pesticide

title: Pesticide

text: Three

text: other

text: efforts

text: to

text: improve

text: regulation

text: of

text: international

text: pesticide

text: trade

text: are

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: London

text: Guidelines

text: for

text: the

text: Exchange

text: of

text: Information

text: on

text: Chemicals

text: in

text: International

text: Trade

text: and

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: Codex

text: Alimentarius

text: Commission.[citation

text: needed

text: The

text: former

text: seeks

text: to

text: implement

text: procedures

text: for

text: ensuring

text: that

text: prior

text: informed

text: consent

text: exists

text: between

text: countries

text: buying

text: and

text: selling

text: pesticides

text: while

text: the

text: latter

text: seeks

text: to

text: create

text: uniform

text: standards

text: for

text: maximum

text: levels

text: of

text: pesticide

text: residues

text: among

text: participating

text: countries

text: Both

text: initiatives

text: operate

text: on

text: a

text: voluntary

text: basis

question: What country has attempted to better the controls of pesticide exchanges?

answer: London

text: London

question: What is one agency who is trying to help make the trade of pesticides safer?

answer: United Nations Codex Alimentarius Commission

text: United Nations Codex Alimentarius Commission

question: What is one important thing that should be present when countries are trading with pesticides?

answer: prior informed consent

text: prior informed consent

question: Are these agencies a requirement in the countries where they exist?

answer: initiatives operate on a voluntary basis

text: initiatives operate on a voluntary basis

question: What does London want to do about volunteering?

text: improve regulation

question: What may be implemented to make sure volunteers are aware of informed consent laws?

text: procedures

question: What does London want to create for people who want to be volunteers to follow?

text: uniform standards

question: How are these agencies involved with the regulation of volunteers?

text: on a voluntary basis

question: Where does the UN Code Alimentarius want to do business regulating volunteers?

text: among participating countries


text: This in turn led to the establishment of the right-wing dictatorship of the Estado Novo under António de Oliveira Salazar in 1933. Portugal was one of only five European countries to remain neutral in World War II. From the 1940s to the 1960s, Portugal was a founding member of NATO, OECD and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA). Gradually, new economic development projects and relocation of mainland Portuguese citizens into the overseas provinces in Africa were initiated, with Angola and Mozambique, as the largest and richest overseas territories, being the main targets of those initiatives. These actions were used to affirm Portugal's status as a transcontinental nation and not as a colonial empire.

title: Portugal

title: Portugal

text: This

text: in

text: turn

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: right

text: wing

text: dictatorship

text: of

text: the

text: Estado

text: Novo

text: under

text: António

text: de

text: Oliveira

text: Salazar

text: in

text: Portugal

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: only

text: five

text: European

text: countries

text: to

text: remain

text: neutral

text: in

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: From

text: the

text: to

text: the

text: Portugal

text: was

text: a

text: founding

text: member

text: of

text: NATO

text: OECD

text: and

text: the

text: European

text: Free

text: Trade

text: Association

text: EFTA

text: Gradually

text: new

text: economic

text: development

text: projects

text: and

text: relocation

text: of

text: mainland

text: Portuguese

text: citizens

text: into

text: the

text: overseas

text: provinces

text: in

text: Africa

text: were

text: initiated

text: with

text: Angola

text: and

text: Mozambique

text: as

text: the

text: largest

text: and

text: richest

text: overseas

text: territories

text: being

text: the

text: main

text: targets

text: of

text: those

text: initiatives

text: These

text: actions

text: were

text: used

text: to

text: affirm

text: Portugal

text: 's

text: status

text: as

text: a

text: transcontinental

text: nation

text: and

text: not

text: as

text: a

text: colonial

text: empire

question: Who led the Estado Novo?

answer: António de Oliveira Salazar

text: António de Oliveira Salazar

question: In what year was the Estado Novo established?

answer: 1933

question: How many European countries remained neutral throughout World War II?

answer: five

text: five

question: What action affirmed Portugal's status as a transcontinental nation?

answer: relocation of mainland Portuguese citizens into the overseas provinces in Africa

text: relocation of mainland Portuguese citizens into the overseas provinces in Africa


text: ^Note 5: The North Carolina Constitution of 1776 disestablished the Anglican church, but until 1835 the NC Constitution allowed only Protestants to hold public office. From 1835-1876 it allowed only Christians (including Catholics) to hold public office. Article VI, Section 8 of the current NC Constitution forbids only atheists from holding public office. Such clauses were held by the United States Supreme Court to be unenforceable in the 1961 case of Torcaso v. Watkins, when the court ruled unanimously that such clauses constituted a religious test incompatible with First and Fourteenth Amendment protections.

title: Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States

text: ^Note

text: The

text: North

text: Carolina

text: Constitution

text: of

text: disestablished

text: the

text: Anglican

text: church

text: but

text: until

text: the

text: NC

text: Constitution

text: allowed

text: only

text: Protestants

text: to

text: hold

text: public

text: office

text: From

text: it

text: allowed

text: only

text: Christians

text: including

text: Catholics

text: to

text: hold

text: public

text: office

text: Article

text: VI

text: Section

text: of

text: the

text: current

text: NC

text: Constitution

text: forbids

text: only

text: atheists

text: from

text: holding

text: public

text: office

text: Such

text: clauses

text: were

text: held

text: by

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Supreme

text: Court

text: to

text: be

text: unenforceable

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: Torcaso

text: v.

text: Watkins

text: when

text: the

text: court

text: ruled

text: unanimously

text: that

text: such

text: clauses

text: constituted

text: a

text: religious

text: test

text: incompatible

text: with

text: First

text: and

text: Fourteenth

text: Amendment

text: protections

question: When did the North Carolina Constitution disestablish the Anglican church?

answer: 1776

question: What religious denomination was the only one allowed to hold public office in NC until 1835?

answer: Protestants

text: Protestants

question: What category did the NC Constitution broaden the people allowed to hold public office to from 1835 to 1876?

answer: Christians

text: Christians

question: What part of the NC Constitution forbids atheists from holding public office?

answer: Article VI, Section 8

text: Article VI, Section 8

question: When did the U.S. Supreme Court rule clauses forbidding people from holding public office based on their religion was unenforceable?

answer: 1961

question: When did the North Carolina Constitution establish the Anglican church?

question: What religious denomination wasn't the only one allowed to hold public office in NC until 1835?

text: Protestants

question: What category did the NC Constitution broaden the people allowed to hold public office to from 1935 to 1976?

text: Christians

question: What part of the NC Constitution allows atheists to hold public office?

text: Article VI, Section 8

question: When did the U.S. Supreme Court rule clauses allow people to hold public office based on their religion was unenforceable?


text: During the American Civil War, American cotton exports slumped due to a Union blockade on Southern ports, and also because of a strategic decision by the Confederate government to cut exports, hoping to force Britain to recognize the Confederacy or enter the war. This prompted the main purchasers of cotton, Britain and France, to turn to Egyptian cotton. British and French traders invested heavily in cotton plantations. The Egyptian government of Viceroy Isma'il took out substantial loans from European bankers and stock exchanges. After the American Civil War ended in 1865, British and French traders abandoned Egyptian cotton and returned to cheap American exports,[citation needed] sending Egypt into a deficit spiral that led to the country declaring bankruptcy in 1876, a key factor behind Egypt's occupation by the British Empire in 1882.

title: Cotton

title: Cotton

text: During

text: the

text: American

text: Civil

text: War

text: American

text: cotton

text: exports

text: slumped

text: due

text: to

text: a

text: Union

text: blockade

text: on

text: Southern

text: ports

text: and

text: also

text: because

text: of

text: a

text: strategic

text: decision

text: by

text: the

text: Confederate

text: government

text: to

text: cut

text: exports

text: hoping

text: to

text: force

text: Britain

text: to

text: recognize

text: the

text: Confederacy

text: or

text: enter

text: the

text: war

text: This

text: prompted

text: the

text: main

text: purchasers

text: of

text: cotton

text: Britain

text: and

text: France

text: to

text: turn

text: to

text: Egyptian

text: cotton

text: British

text: and

text: French

text: traders

text: invested

text: heavily

text: in

text: cotton

text: plantations

text: The

text: Egyptian

text: government

text: of

text: Viceroy

text: Isma'il

text: took

text: out

text: substantial

text: loans

text: from

text: European

text: bankers

text: and

text: stock

text: exchanges

text: After

text: the

text: American

text: Civil

text: War

text: ended

text: in

text: British

text: and

text: French

text: traders

text: abandoned

text: Egyptian

text: cotton

text: and

text: returned

text: to

text: cheap

text: American

text: exports,[citation

text: needed

text: sending

text: Egypt

text: into

text: a

text: deficit

text: spiral

text: that

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: country

text: declaring

text: bankruptcy

text: in

text: a

text: key

text: factor

text: behind

text: Egypt

text: 's

text: occupation

text: by

text: the

text: British

text: Empire

text: in

question: When did the American cotton industry fail?

answer: American Civil War

text: American Civil War

question: What action of the Union damaged the southern cotton exports?

answer: Union blockade

text: Union blockade

question: To what county's cotton did European buyers turn due to the American Civil War?

answer: Egyptian

text: Egyptian

question: What characteristic of American cotton attracted buyers after the end of the Civil war?

answer: cheap

text: cheap

question: What did the abandonment of Egyptian cotton mean to the Egyptian economy?

answer: bankruptcy

text: bankruptcy

question: When did the Egyptian cotton industry fall?

text: American Civil War

question: What action of the Union damaged the French cotton exports?

text: Union blockade

question: To what country's cotton did Southern buyers turn due to the American Civil War?

text: Egyptian

question: What characteristic of Egyptian cotton attracted buyers after the end of the Civil war?

text: cheap

question: What did the abandonment of Southern cotton mean to the Egyptian economy?

text: bankruptcy


text: Tourism, especially religious tourism, is an important industry in Israel, with the country's temperate climate, beaches, archaeological, other historical and biblical sites, and unique geography also drawing tourists. Israel's security problems have taken their toll on the industry, but the number of incoming tourists is on the rebound. In 2013, a record of 3.54 million tourists visited Israel with the most popular site of attraction being the Western Wall with 68% of tourists visiting there. Israel has the highest number of museums per capita in the world.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: Tourism

text: especially

text: religious

text: tourism

text: is

text: an

text: important

text: industry

text: in

text: Israel

text: with

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: temperate

text: climate

text: beaches

text: archaeological

text: other

text: historical

text: and

text: biblical

text: sites

text: and

text: unique

text: geography

text: also

text: drawing

text: tourists

text: Israel

text: 's

text: security

text: problems

text: have

text: taken

text: their

text: toll

text: on

text: the

text: industry

text: but

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: incoming

text: tourists

text: is

text: on

text: the

text: rebound

text: In

text: a

text: record

text: of

text: million

text: tourists

text: visited

text: Israel

text: with

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: site

text: of

text: attraction

text: being

text: the

text: Western

text: Wall

text: with

text: of

text: tourists

text: visiting

text: there

text: Israel

text: has

text: the

text: highest

text: number

text: of

text: museums

text: per

text: capita

text: in

text: the

text: world

question: What is an important industry in Israel?

answer: Tourism

text: Tourism

question: How many tourists visited Israel in 2013?

answer: 3.54 million

text: 3.54 million

question: What is the most popular tourist attraction in Israel?

answer: Western Wall

text: Western Wall


text: A Christian ( pronunciation (help·info)) is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. "Christian" derives from the Koine Greek word Christós (Χριστός), a translation of the Biblical Hebrew term mashiach.

title: Christian

title: Christian

text: A

text: Christian

text: pronunciation

text: help·info

text: is

text: a

text: person

text: who

text: adheres

text: to

text: Christianity

text: an

text: Abrahamic

text: monotheistic

text: religion

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: life

text: and

text: teachings

text: of

text: Jesus

text: Christ

text: Christian

text: derives

text: from

text: the

text: Koine

text: Greek

text: word

text: Christós

text: Χριστός

text: a

text: translation

text: of

text: the

text: Biblical

text: Hebrew

text: term

text: mashiach

question: What is a person who follows Christianity called?

answer: Christian

text: Christian

question: Whose life do Christians learn from?

answer: Jesus Christ

text: Jesus Christ

question: What Greek word is Christian derived from?

answer: Christós

text: Christós

question: Christós is translated from what Biblical term?

answer: mashiach

text: mashiach

question: Which religion is a Greek religion based on Jesus Christ?

text: Christianity

question: Which word does Christos derive from?

text: Christian

question: Which term is derived from the word Christian?

text: Christós

question: Which term is a translation of the Greek term Abrahamic?

text: mashiach

question: What is the term for a person who adheres to mashiach?

text: Christian


text: Several churches and monasteries were built inside, or close to, the city of Utrecht. The most dominant of these was the Cathedral of Saint Martin, inside the old Roman fortress. The construction of the present Gothic building was begun in 1254 after an earlier romanesque construction had been badly damaged by fire. The choir and transept were finished from 1320 and were followed then by the ambitious Dom tower. The last part to be constructed was the central nave, from 1420. By that time, however, the age of the great cathedrals had come to an end and declining finances prevented the ambitious project from being finished, the construction of the central nave being suspended before the planned flying buttresses could be finished. Besides the cathedral there were four collegiate churches in Utrecht: St. Salvator's Church (demolished in the 16th century), on the Dom square, dating back to the early 8th century. Saint John (Janskerk), originating in 1040; Saint Peter, building started in 1039 and Saint Mary's church building started around 1090 (demolished in the early 19th century, cloister survives). Besides these churches the city housed St. Paul's Abbey, the 15th-century beguinage of St. Nicholas, and a 14th-century chapter house of the Teutonic Knights.

title: Utrecht

title: Utrecht

text: Several

text: churches

text: and

text: monasteries

text: were

text: built

text: inside

text: or

text: close

text: to

text: the

text: city

text: of

text: Utrecht

text: The

text: most

text: dominant

text: of

text: these

text: was

text: the

text: Cathedral

text: of

text: Saint

text: Martin

text: inside

text: the

text: old

text: Roman

text: fortress

text: The

text: construction

text: of

text: the

text: present

text: Gothic

text: building

text: was

text: begun

text: in

text: after

text: an

text: earlier

text: romanesque

text: construction

text: had

text: been

text: badly

text: damaged

text: by

text: fire

text: The

text: choir

text: and

text: transept

text: were

text: finished

text: from

text: and

text: were

text: followed

text: then

text: by

text: the

text: ambitious

text: Dom

text: tower

text: The

text: last

text: part

text: to

text: be

text: constructed

text: was

text: the

text: central

text: nave

text: from

text: By

text: that

text: time

text: however

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: the

text: great

text: cathedrals

text: had

text: come

text: to

text: an

text: end

text: and

text: declining

text: finances

text: prevented

text: the

text: ambitious

text: project

text: from

text: being

text: finished

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: the

text: central

text: nave

text: being

text: suspended

text: before

text: the

text: planned

text: flying

text: buttresses

text: could

text: be

text: finished

text: Besides

text: the

text: cathedral

text: there

text: were

text: four

text: collegiate

text: churches

text: in

text: Utrecht

text: St.

text: Salvator

text: 's

text: Church

text: demolished

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: on

text: the

text: Dom

text: square

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: Saint

text: John

text: Janskerk

text: originating

text: in

text: Saint

text: Peter

text: building

text: started

text: in

text: and

text: Saint

text: Mary

text: 's

text: church

text: building

text: started

text: around

text: demolished

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: cloister

text: survives

text: Besides

text: these

text: churches

text: the

text: city

text: housed

text: St.

text: Paul

text: 's

text: Abbey

text: the

text: century

text: beguinage

text: of

text: St.

text: Nicholas

text: and

text: a

text: century

text: chapter

text: house

text: of

text: the

text: Teutonic

text: Knights

question: What was the Most dominant Cathedral in Utrecht

answer: The most dominant of these was the Cathedral of Saint Martin, inside the old Roman fortress

text: The most dominant of these was the Cathedral of Saint Martin, inside the old Roman fortress

question: What began in 1254

answer: The construction of the present Gothic building was begun in 1254 after an earlier romanesque construction had been badly damaged by fire

text: The construction of the present Gothic building was begun in 1254 after an earlier romanesque construction had been badly damaged by fire

question: Was the cathedral finished

answer: the age of the great cathedrals had come to an end and declining finances prevented the ambitious project from being finished

text: the age of the great cathedrals had come to an end and declining finances prevented the ambitious project from being finished

question: How many collegiate churches existed in Utecht besides the cathedral

answer: Besides the cathedral there were four collegiate churches in Utrecht

text: Besides the cathedral there were four collegiate churches in Utrecht

question: What else was housed in the city

answer: the city housed St. Paul's Abbey, the 15th-century beguinage of St. Nicholas, and a 14th-century chapter house of the Teutonic Knights.

text: the city housed St. Paul's Abbey, the 15th-century beguinage of St. Nicholas, and a 14th-century chapter house of the Teutonic Knights.

question: What was Utrecht built around?

text: churches and monasteries

question: construction on what church began in the 12th century?

text: Cathedral of Saint Martin

question: What part of the Chathedral of Saint Martin was finished in the 13th century?

text: The choir and transept

question: When was construction completed on the Cathedral of Saint Martin?

question: What church were demolished in the 1600's

text: St. Salvator's Church


text: At the age of 21 he settled in Paris. Thereafter, during the last 18 years of his life, he gave only some 30 public performances, preferring the more intimate atmosphere of the salon. He supported himself by selling his compositions and teaching piano, for which he was in high demand. Chopin formed a friendship with Franz Liszt and was admired by many of his musical contemporaries, including Robert Schumann. In 1835 he obtained French citizenship. After a failed engagement to Maria Wodzińska, from 1837 to 1847 he maintained an often troubled relationship with the French writer George Sand. A brief and unhappy visit to Majorca with Sand in 1838–39 was one of his most productive periods of composition. In his last years, he was financially supported by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848. Through most of his life, Chopin suffered from poor health. He died in Paris in 1849, probably of tuberculosis.

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: At

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: he

text: settled

text: in

text: Paris

text: Thereafter

text: during

text: the

text: last

text: years

text: of

text: his

text: life

text: he

text: gave

text: only

text: some

text: public

text: performances

text: preferring

text: the

text: more

text: intimate

text: atmosphere

text: of

text: the

text: salon

text: He

text: supported

text: himself

text: by

text: selling

text: his

text: compositions

text: and

text: teaching

text: piano

text: for

text: which

text: he

text: was

text: in

text: high

text: demand

text: Chopin

text: formed

text: a

text: friendship

text: with

text: Franz

text: Liszt

text: and

text: was

text: admired

text: by

text: many

text: of

text: his

text: musical

text: contemporaries

text: including

text: Robert

text: Schumann

text: In

text: he

text: obtained

text: French

text: citizenship

text: After

text: a

text: failed

text: engagement

text: to

text: Maria

text: Wodzińska

text: from

text: to

text: he

text: maintained

text: an

text: often

text: troubled

text: relationship

text: with

text: the

text: French

text: writer

text: George

text: Sand

text: A

text: brief

text: and

text: unhappy

text: visit

text: to

text: Majorca

text: with

text: Sand

text: in

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: his

text: most

text: productive

text: periods

text: of

text: composition

text: In

text: his

text: last

text: years

text: he

text: was

text: financially

text: supported

text: by

text: his

text: admirer

text: Jane

text: Stirling

text: who

text: also

text: arranged

text: for

text: him

text: to

text: visit

text: Scotland

text: in

text: Through

text: most

text: of

text: his

text: life

text: Chopin

text: suffered

text: from

text: poor

text: health

text: He

text: died

text: in

text: Paris

text: in

text: probably

text: of

text: tuberculosis

question: At what age did Frédéric move to Paris?

answer: 21

question: How many public performances was Frédéric estimated to have given during the remainder of his life?

answer: 30

question: In what year did Frédéric obtain citizenship in France?

answer: 1835

question: In what area had Frédéric's most productive period of composition taken place?

answer: Majorca

text: Majorca

question: What was Frédéric's most likely cause of death?

answer: tuberculosis

text: tuberculosis

question: Where did he end up living when he was 21?

answer: Paris

text: Paris

question: How many public shows did he perform during the last years of his life?

answer: 30

question: What other composer did Chopin develop a friendship with?

answer: Franz Liszt

text: Franz Liszt

question: What year did he gain citizenship in France?

answer: 1835

question: What is the name of the woman he had a relationship with from 1837-847?

answer: Maria Wodzińska

text: Maria Wodzińska

question: At what age did Chopin move to Paris?

answer: 21

question: During the last 18 years he lived about how many times did Chopin perform in public?

answer: 30

question: What year did Chopin become a citizen of France?

answer: 1835

question: In the last years of his life who was the person that supported him financially?

answer: Jane Stirling

text: Jane Stirling

question: In what year did Chopin become a French citizen?

answer: 1835

question: Who gave Chopin money in the last years of his life?

answer: Jane Stirling

text: Jane Stirling

question: What was the likely cause of death for Chopin?

answer: tuberculosis

text: tuberculosis


text: On August 30, 2015, West was presented with the Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award at the MTV Video Music Awards. In his acceptance speech, he stated, "Y'all might be thinking right now, 'I wonder did he smoke something before he came out here?' And the answer is: 'Yes, I rolled up a little something. I knocked the edge off.'" At the end of his speech, he announced, "I have decided in 2020 to run for president."

title: Kanye_West

title: Kanye_West

text: On

text: August

text: West

text: was

text: presented

text: with

text: the

text: Michael

text: Jackson

text: Video

text: Vanguard

text: Award

text: at

text: the

text: MTV

text: Video

text: Music

text: Awards

text: In

text: his

text: acceptance

text: speech

text: he

text: stated

text: Y'all

text: might

text: be

text: thinking

text: right

text: now

text: I

text: wonder

text: did

text: he

text: smoke

text: something

text: before

text: he

text: came

text: out

text: here

text: And

text: the

text: answer

text: is

text: Yes

text: I

text: rolled

text: up

text: a

text: little

text: something

text: I

text: knocked

text: the

text: edge

text: off

text: At

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: his

text: speech

text: he

text: announced

text: I

text: have

text: decided

text: in

text: to

text: run

text: for

text: president

question: What award did Kanye capture at the 2015 MTV VMAs?

answer: Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award

text: Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award

question: When does Kanye intend to run for president?

answer: 2020

question: What award was presented to Kanye West on August 30, 2015?

answer: Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award

text: Michael Jackson Video Vanguard Award


text: Even though most ethnic groups prefer to communicate in their own languages, English as the official language is widely used for education, business transactions and for official purposes. English as a first language is used only by a small minority of the country's urban elite, and it is not spoken at all in some rural areas. Hausa is the most widely spoken of the 3 main languages spoken in Nigeria itself (Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba) but unlike the Yorubas and Igbos, the Hausas tend not to travel far outside Nigeria itself.[citation needed]

title: Nigeria

title: Nigeria

text: Even

text: though

text: most

text: ethnic

text: groups

text: prefer

text: to

text: communicate

text: in

text: their

text: own

text: languages

text: English

text: as

text: the

text: official

text: language

text: is

text: widely

text: used

text: for

text: education

text: business

text: transactions

text: and

text: for

text: official

text: purposes

text: English

text: as

text: a

text: first

text: language

text: is

text: used

text: only

text: by

text: a

text: small

text: minority

text: of

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: urban

text: elite

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: spoken

text: at

text: all

text: in

text: some

text: rural

text: areas

text: Hausa

text: is

text: the

text: most

text: widely

text: spoken

text: of

text: the

text: main

text: languages

text: spoken

text: in

text: Nigeria

text: itself

text: Igbo

text: Hausa

text: and

text: Yoruba

text: but

text: unlike

text: the

text: Yorubas

text: and

text: Igbos

text: the

text: Hausas

text: tend

text: not

text: to

text: travel

text: far

text: outside

text: Nigeria

text: itself.[citation

text: needed

question: What is the official language of Nigeria?

answer: English

text: English

question: How much of Nigeria uses English as a first language?

answer: a small minority of the country's urban elite

text: a small minority of the country's urban elite

question: What is the most popular language in Nigeria?

answer: Hausa

text: Hausa

question: What are the top 3 languages in Nigeria?

answer: Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba

text: Igbo, Hausa and Yoruba


text: In 2012, Fortune ranked IBM the second largest U.S. firm in terms of number of employees (435,000 worldwide), the fourth largest in terms of market capitalization, the ninth most profitable, and the nineteenth largest firm in terms of revenue. Globally, the company was ranked the 31st largest in terms of revenue by Forbes for 2011. Other rankings for 2011/2012 include №1 company for leaders (Fortune), №1 green company in the United States (Newsweek), №2 best global brand (Interbrand), №2 most respected company (Barron's), №5 most admired company (Fortune), and №18 most innovative company (Fast Company).

title: IBM

title: IBM

text: In

text: Fortune

text: ranked

text: IBM

text: the

text: second

text: largest

text: U.S.

text: firm

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: number

text: of

text: employees

text: worldwide

text: the

text: fourth

text: largest

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: market

text: capitalization

text: the

text: ninth

text: most

text: profitable

text: and

text: the

text: nineteenth

text: largest

text: firm

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: revenue

text: Globally

text: the

text: company

text: was

text: ranked

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: revenue

text: by

text: Forbes

text: for

text: Other

text: rankings

text: for

text: include

text: company

text: for

text: leaders

text: Fortune

text: green

text: company

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Newsweek

text: best

text: global

text: brand

text: Interbrand

text: most

text: respected

text: company

text: Barron

text: 's

text: most

text: admired

text: company

text: Fortune

text: and

text: most

text: innovative

text: company

text: Fast

text: Company

question: How many employees did IBM have in 2012?

answer: 435,000 worldwide

text: 435,000 worldwide

question: What was the ranking in terms of market cap for IBM in 2012?

answer: fourth largest

text: fourth largest

question: In 2011 Forbes, by revenue, ranked IBM at what rank globally?

answer: 31st largest

text: 31st largest

question: At what rank was IBM rated as a global brand by Interbrand?

answer: №2

text: №2

question: In 2012 Fortune ranked the largest US firms by number employees, what was IBMs rank?

answer: second largest

text: second largest

question: How many employees did Forbes have in 2012?

text: 435,000 worldwide

question: How was Forbes ranked as far as number of employees in 2012?

text: the second largest U.S. firm

question: How profitable was Forbes considered in 2012?

text: the ninth most profitable

question: What rank did Forbes have in terms of revenue in 2012?

question: How was Forbes ranked globally for revenue in 2011?

text: the 31st largest


text: In 2015, fragments of a very early Quran, dating back to 1370 years ago, were discovered in the library of the University of Birmingham, England. According to the tests carried out by Oxford University Radiocarbon Accelerator Unit, "with a probability of more than 95%, the parchment was from between 568 and 645". The manuscript is written in Hijazi script, an early form of written Arabic. This is possibly the earliest extant exemplar of the Quran, but as the tests allow a range of possible dates, it cannot be said with certainty which of the existing versions is the oldest. Saudi scholar Saud al-Sarhan has expressed doubt over the age of the fragments as they contain dots and chapter separators that are believed to have originated later.

title: Quran

title: Quran

text: In

text: fragments

text: of

text: a

text: very

text: early

text: Quran

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: years

text: ago

text: were

text: discovered

text: in

text: the

text: library

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Birmingham

text: England

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: tests

text: carried

text: out

text: by

text: Oxford

text: University

text: Radiocarbon

text: Accelerator

text: Unit

text: with

text: a

text: probability

text: of

text: more

text: than

text: the

text: parchment

text: was

text: from

text: between

text: and

text: The

text: manuscript

text: is

text: written

text: in

text: Hijazi

text: script

text: an

text: early

text: form

text: of

text: written

text: Arabic

text: This

text: is

text: possibly

text: the

text: earliest

text: extant

text: exemplar

text: of

text: the

text: Quran

text: but

text: as

text: the

text: tests

text: allow

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: possible

text: dates

text: it

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: said

text: with

text: certainty

text: which

text: of

text: the

text: existing

text: versions

text: is

text: the

text: oldest

text: Saudi

text: scholar

text: Saud

text: al

text: Sarhan

text: has

text: expressed

text: doubt

text: over

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: the

text: fragments

text: as

text: they

text: contain

text: dots

text: and

text: chapter

text: separators

text: that

text: are

text: believed

text: to

text: have

text: originated

text: later

question: How many years old were the Quran fragments discovered in Birmingham in 2015?

answer: 1370

question: What script were the Birmingham Quran fragments written in?

answer: Hijazi

text: Hijazi

question: Which modern script descends from the script on the Birmingham Quran fragments?

answer: Arabic

text: Arabic

question: What feature of the Birmingham Quran fragments' text make some doubt that it is older than other known versions of the Quran?

answer: dots and chapter separators

text: dots and chapter separators

question: How many years old were the Quran fragments discovered in Birmingham in 1915?

question: How many years old were the Quran fragments lost in Birmingham in 2015?

question: What script weren't the Birmingham Quran fragments written in?

text: Hijazi

question: Which unmodern script descends from the script on the Birmingham Quran fragments?

text: Arabic

question: What feature of the Birmingham Quran fragments' text make some doubt that it is newer than other known versions of the Quran?

text: dots and chapter separators


text: Although there is some evidence of earlier inhabitation in the region of Utrecht, dating back to the Stone Age (app. 2200 BCE) and settling in the Bronze Age (app. 1800–800 BCE), the founding date of the city is usually related to the construction of a Roman fortification (castellum), probably built in around 50 CE. A series of such fortresses was built after the Roman emperor Claudius decided the empire should not expand north. To consolidate the border the limes Germanicus defense line was constructed  along the main branch of the river Rhine, which at that time flowed through a more northern bed compared to today (what is now the Kromme Rijn). These fortresses were designed to house a cohort of about 500 Roman soldiers. Near the fort settlements would grow housing artisans, traders and soldiers' wives and children.

title: Utrecht

title: Utrecht

text: Although

text: there

text: is

text: some

text: evidence

text: of

text: earlier

text: inhabitation

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: of

text: Utrecht

text: dating

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: Stone

text: Age

text: app

text: BCE

text: and

text: settling

text: in

text: the

text: Bronze

text: Age

text: app

text: BCE

text: the

text: founding

text: date

text: of

text: the

text: city

text: is

text: usually

text: related

text: to

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: a

text: Roman

text: fortification

text: castellum

text: probably

text: built

text: in

text: around

text: CE

text: A

text: series

text: of

text: such

text: fortresses

text: was

text: built

text: after

text: the

text: Roman

text: emperor

text: Claudius

text: decided

text: the

text: empire

text: should

text: not

text: expand

text: north

text: To

text: consolidate

text: the

text: border

text: the

text: limes

text: Germanicus

text: defense

text: line

text: was

text: constructed

text: along

text: the

text: main

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: river

text: Rhine

text: which

text: at

text: that

text: time

text: flowed

text: through

text: a

text: more

text: northern

text: bed

text: compared

text: to

text: today

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: the

text: Kromme

text: Rijn

text: These

text: fortresses

text: were

text: designed

text: to

text: house

text: a

text: cohort

text: of

text: about

text: Roman

text: soldiers

text: Near

text: the

text: fort

text: settlements

text: would

text: grow

text: housing

text: artisans

text: traders

text: and

text: soldiers

text: wives

text: and

text: children

question: How far back does evidence of inhabitation date back

answer: inhabitation in the region of Utrecht, dating back to the Stone Age (app. 2200 BCE)

text: inhabitation in the region of Utrecht, dating back to the Stone Age (app. 2200 BCE)

question: What did the Roman emperor Claudius decide

answer: Claudius decided the empire should not expand north.

text: Claudius decided the empire should not expand north.

question: What was built along the Rhine

answer: To consolidate the border the limes Germanicus defense line was constructed  along the main branch of the river Rhine

text: To consolidate the border the limes Germanicus defense line was constructed  along the main branch of the river Rhine

question: How many soldiers did the fortress hold

answer: These fortresses were designed to house a cohort of about 500 Roman soldiers

text: These fortresses were designed to house a cohort of about 500 Roman soldiers

question: Who settled near the fort

answer: Near the fort settlements would grow housing artisans, traders and soldiers' wives and children

text: Near the fort settlements would grow housing artisans, traders and soldiers' wives and children

question: What area area was first settled in the Stone Age?

text: Utrecht

question: What area was first inhabited during the Bronze age?

text: Utrecht

question: What was first built in 50 BCE

text: Roman fortification

question: What was built to expand the borders durng the reign of Claudius?

text: the limes Germanicus defense line

question: Where were the soldiers and their wives housed?

text: fortresses


text: East of the Bronx River, the borough is relatively flat and includes four large low peninsulas, or 'necks,' of low-lying land which jut into the waters of the East River and were once saltmarsh: Hunts Point, Clason's Point, Screvin's Neck (Castle Hill Point) and Throgs Neck. The East Bronx has older tenement buildings, low income public housing complexes, and multifamily homes, as well as single family homes. It includes New York City's largest park: Pelham Bay Park along the Westchester-Bronx border.

title: The_Bronx

title: The_Bronx

text: East

text: of

text: the

text: Bronx

text: River

text: the

text: borough

text: is

text: relatively

text: flat

text: and

text: includes

text: four

text: large

text: low

text: peninsulas

text: or

text: necks

text: of

text: low

text: lying

text: land

text: which

text: jut

text: into

text: the

text: waters

text: of

text: the

text: East

text: River

text: and

text: were

text: once

text: saltmarsh

text: Hunts

text: Point

text: Clason

text: 's

text: Point

text: Screvin

text: 's

text: Neck

text: Castle

text: Hill

text: Point

text: and

text: Throgs

text: Neck

text: The

text: East

text: Bronx

text: has

text: older

text: tenement

text: buildings

text: low

text: income

text: public

text: housing

text: complexes

text: and

text: multifamily

text: homes

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: single

text: family

text: homes

text: It

text: includes

text: New

text: York

text: City

text: 's

text: largest

text: park

text: Pelham

text: Bay

text: Park

text: along

text: the

text: Westchester

text: Bronx

text: border

question: What is Screvin's Neck also called?

answer: Castle Hill Point

text: Castle Hill Point

question: In what river does the Bronx have 4 peninsulas?

answer: East River

text: East River

question: What is NYC's largest park?

answer: Pelham Bay Park

text: Pelham Bay Park

question: Where is Pelham Bay Park?

answer: along the Westchester-Bronx border

text: along the Westchester-Bronx border


text: The Richmond Times-Dispatch, the local daily newspaper in Richmond with a Sunday circulation of 120,000, is owned by BH Media, a subsidiary of Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway company. Style Weekly is a standard weekly publication covering popular culture, arts, and entertainment, owned by Landmark Communications. RVA Magazine is the city's only independent art music and culture publication, was once monthly, but is now issued quarterly. The Richmond Free Press and the Voice cover the news from an African-American perspective.

title: Richmond,_Virginia

title: Richmond,_Virginia

text: The

text: Richmond

text: Times

text: Dispatch

text: the

text: local

text: daily

text: newspaper

text: in

text: Richmond

text: with

text: a

text: Sunday

text: circulation

text: of

text: is

text: owned

text: by

text: BH

text: Media

text: a

text: subsidiary

text: of

text: Warren

text: Buffett

text: 's

text: Berkshire

text: Hathaway

text: company

text: Style

text: Weekly

text: is

text: a

text: standard

text: weekly

text: publication

text: covering

text: popular

text: culture

text: arts

text: and

text: entertainment

text: owned

text: by

text: Landmark

text: Communications

text: RVA

text: Magazine

text: is

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: only

text: independent

text: art

text: music

text: and

text: culture

text: publication

text: was

text: once

text: monthly

text: but

text: is

text: now

text: issued

text: quarterly

text: The

text: Richmond

text: Free

text: Press

text: and

text: the

text: Voice

text: cover

text: the

text: news

text: from

text: an

text: African

text: American

text: perspective

question: What company owns the company that owns the Richmond Times-Dispatch?

answer: Berkshire Hathaway

text: Berkshire Hathaway

question: How many people buy the Richmond Times-Dispatch on Sunday?

answer: 120,000

question: What newspaper is published by Landmark Communications?

answer: Style Weekly

text: Style Weekly

question: Before switching to its current publication schedule, how often was RVA Magazine published?

answer: monthly

text: monthly

question: Along with the Voice, what is Richmond's black-oriented news publication?

answer: Richmond Free Press

text: Richmond Free Press


text: The changes were accompanied by violent turmoil which included the trial and execution of the king, vast bloodshed and repression during the Reign of Terror, and warfare involving every other major European power. Subsequent events that can be traced to the Revolution include the Napoleonic Wars, two separate restorations of the monarchy, and two additional revolutions as modern France took shape. In the following century, France would be governed at one point or another as a republic, constitutional monarchy, and two different empires.

title: Modern_history

title: Modern_history

text: The

text: changes

text: were

text: accompanied

text: by

text: violent

text: turmoil

text: which

text: included

text: the

text: trial

text: and

text: execution

text: of

text: the

text: king

text: vast

text: bloodshed

text: and

text: repression

text: during

text: the

text: Reign

text: of

text: Terror

text: and

text: warfare

text: involving

text: every

text: other

text: major

text: European

text: power

text: Subsequent

text: events

text: that

text: can

text: be

text: traced

text: to

text: the

text: Revolution

text: include

text: the

text: Napoleonic

text: Wars

text: two

text: separate

text: restorations

text: of

text: the

text: monarchy

text: and

text: two

text: additional

text: revolutions

text: as

text: modern

text: France

text: took

text: shape

text: In

text: the

text: following

text: century

text: France

text: would

text: be

text: governed

text: at

text: one

text: point

text: or

text: another

text: as

text: a

text: republic

text: constitutional

text: monarchy

text: and

text: two

text: different

text: empires

question: What happened to the king after the trial?

answer: execution of the king

text: execution of the king

question: Who else was involved in the warfare?

answer: every other major European power.

text: every other major European power.

question: name an event that can be contributed to the revolution.

answer: the Napoleonic Wars

text: the Napoleonic Wars


text: Gun usage in hunting is typically regulated by game category, area within the state, and time period. Regulations for big-game hunting often specify a minimum caliber or muzzle energy for firearms. The use of rifles is often banned for safety reasons in areas with high population densities or limited topographic relief. Regulations may also limit or ban the use of lead in ammunition because of environmental concerns. Specific seasons for bow hunting or muzzle-loading black-powder guns are often established to limit competition with hunters using more effective weapons.

title: Hunting

title: Hunting

text: Gun

text: usage

text: in

text: hunting

text: is

text: typically

text: regulated

text: by

text: game

text: category

text: area

text: within

text: the

text: state

text: and

text: time

text: period

text: Regulations

text: for

text: big

text: game

text: hunting

text: often

text: specify

text: a

text: minimum

text: caliber

text: or

text: muzzle

text: energy

text: for

text: firearms

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: rifles

text: is

text: often

text: banned

text: for

text: safety

text: reasons

text: in

text: areas

text: with

text: high

text: population

text: densities

text: or

text: limited

text: topographic

text: relief

text: Regulations

text: may

text: also

text: limit

text: or

text: ban

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: lead

text: in

text: ammunition

text: because

text: of

text: environmental

text: concerns

text: Specific

text: seasons

text: for

text: bow

text: hunting

text: or

text: muzzle

text: loading

text: black

text: powder

text: guns

text: are

text: often

text: established

text: to

text: limit

text: competition

text: with

text: hunters

text: using

text: more

text: effective

text: weapons

question: How is gun usage typically regulated?

answer: game category, area within the state, and time period

text: game category, area within the state, and time period

question: What often specify a minimum caliber or muzzle energy for firearms?

answer: Regulations for big-game hunting

text: Regulations for big-game hunting

question: Why is the use of rifles often banned?

answer: safety reasons

text: safety reasons

question: Why may regulations ban the use of lead in ammunition?

answer: environmental concerns

text: environmental concerns

question: Why are specific seasons for bow hunting established?

answer: limit competition with hunters using more effective weapons

text: limit competition with hunters using more effective weapons

question: Why are the use of rifles banned?

answer: safety reasons

text: safety reasons

question: How is gun useage regulated?

answer: by game category

text: by game category

question: What is specified in big-game hunting?

answer: minimum caliber

text: minimum caliber

question: By what category is bow hunting regulated?

text: game category

question: Why would the use of a bow for hunting be banned?

text: for safety reasons

question: In what areas is bow hunting banned?

question: What do certain seasons for the use of rifles try to limit?

question: Why is firearm muzzle energy often limited?

text: because of environmental concerns


text: Protestants have founded hospitals, homes for disabled or elderly people, educational institutions, organizations that give aid to developing countries, and other social welfare agencies. In the nineteenth century, throughout the Anglo-American world, numerous dedicated members of all Protestant denominations were active in social reform movements such as the abolition of slavery, prison reforms, and woman suffrage. As an answer to the "social question" of the nineteenth century, Germany under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck introduced insurance programs that led the way to the welfare state (health insurance, accident insurance, disability insurance, old-age pensions). To Bismarck this was "practical Christianity". These programs, too, were copied by many other nations, particularly in the Western world.

title: Protestantism

title: Protestantism

text: Protestants

text: have

text: founded

text: hospitals

text: homes

text: for

text: disabled

text: or

text: elderly

text: people

text: educational

text: institutions

text: organizations

text: that

text: give

text: aid

text: to

text: developing

text: countries

text: and

text: other

text: social

text: welfare

text: agencies

text: In

text: the

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: throughout

text: the

text: Anglo

text: American

text: world

text: numerous

text: dedicated

text: members

text: of

text: all

text: Protestant

text: denominations

text: were

text: active

text: in

text: social

text: reform

text: movements

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: abolition

text: of

text: slavery

text: prison

text: reforms

text: and

text: woman

text: suffrage

text: As

text: an

text: answer

text: to

text: the

text: social

text: question

text: of

text: the

text: nineteenth

text: century

text: Germany

text: under

text: Chancellor

text: Otto

text: von

text: Bismarck

text: introduced

text: insurance

text: programs

text: that

text: led

text: the

text: way

text: to

text: the

text: welfare

text: state

text: health

text: insurance

text: accident

text: insurance

text: disability

text: insurance

text: old

text: age

text: pensions

text: To

text: Bismarck

text: this

text: was

text: practical

text: Christianity

text: These

text: programs

text: too

text: were

text: copied

text: by

text: many

text: other

text: nations

text: particularly

text: in

text: the

text: Western

text: world

question: Who first introduced social insurance programs?

answer: Chancellor Otto von Bismarck

text: Chancellor Otto von Bismarck

question: What did Bismarck consider social insurance programs to be?

answer: practical Christianity

text: practical Christianity

question: What social reform movements were Protestants working toward in the nineteen century?

answer: the abolition of slavery, prison reforms, and woman suffrage

text: the abolition of slavery, prison reforms, and woman suffrage

question: What country started programs that led to the welfare state?

answer: Germany

text: Germany

question: What area copied Bismarck's social programs the most?

answer: the Western world

text: the Western world


text: On April 1, 2008, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors approved a resolution addressing human rights concerns when the Beijing Olympic torch arrives in San Francisco on April 9. The resolution would welcome the torch with "alarm and protest at the failure of China to meet its past solemn promises to the international community, including the citizens of San Francisco, to cease the egregious and ongoing human rights abuses in China and occupied Tibet." On April 8, numerous protests were planned including one at the city's United Nations Plaza led by actor Richard Gere and Archbishop Desmond Tutu.

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

title: 2008_Summer_Olympics_torch_relay

text: On

text: April

text: the

text: San

text: Francisco

text: Board

text: of

text: Supervisors

text: approved

text: a

text: resolution

text: addressing

text: human

text: rights

text: concerns

text: when

text: the

text: Beijing

text: Olympic

text: torch

text: arrives

text: in

text: San

text: Francisco

text: on

text: April

text: The

text: resolution

text: would

text: welcome

text: the

text: torch

text: with

text: alarm

text: and

text: protest

text: at

text: the

text: failure

text: of

text: China

text: to

text: meet

text: its

text: past

text: solemn

text: promises

text: to

text: the

text: international

text: community

text: including

text: the

text: citizens

text: of

text: San

text: Francisco

text: to

text: cease

text: the

text: egregious

text: and

text: ongoing

text: human

text: rights

text: abuses

text: in

text: China

text: and

text: occupied

text: Tibet

text: On

text: April

text: numerous

text: protests

text: were

text: planned

text: including

text: one

text: at

text: the

text: city

text: 's

text: United

text: Nations

text: Plaza

text: led

text: by

text: actor

text: Richard

text: Gere

text: and

text: Archbishop

text: Desmond

text: Tutu

question: Who approved a resolution concerning human rights on April 1, 2008?

answer: San Francisco Board of Supervisors

text: San Francisco Board of Supervisors

question: The concern was over what in China and Tibet?

answer: human rights abuses

text: human rights abuses

question: What date was the protest which was led by Gere and Tutu?

answer: April 8

text: April 8

question: When was a resolution agreed to about Chinese human rights issues in San Francisco?

answer: April 1, 2008

text: April 1, 2008

question: Who approved the resolution?

answer: San Francisco Board of Supervisors

text: San Francisco Board of Supervisors

question: Where was a protest planned in San Francisco?

answer: United Nations Plaza

text: United Nations Plaza

question: What actor was scheduled to attend a San Francisco Olympic protest?

answer: Richard Gere

text: Richard Gere


text: Stadium attendances are a significant source of regular income for Premier League clubs. For the 2009–10 season, average attendances across the league clubs were 34,215 for Premier League matches with a total aggregate attendance figure of 13,001,616. This represents an increase of 13,089 from the average attendance of 21,126 recorded in the league's first season (1992–93). However, during the 1992–93 season the capacities of most stadiums were reduced as clubs replaced terraces with seats in order to meet the Taylor Report's 1994–95 deadline for all-seater stadiums. The Premier League's record average attendance of 36,144 was set during the 2007–08 season. This record was then beaten in the 2013–14 season recording an average attendance of 36,695 with a total attendance of just under 14 million, the highest average in England's top flight since 1950.

title: Premier_League

title: Premier_League

text: Stadium

text: attendances

text: are

text: a

text: significant

text: source

text: of

text: regular

text: income

text: for

text: Premier

text: League

text: clubs

text: For

text: the

text: season

text: average

text: attendances

text: across

text: the

text: league

text: clubs

text: were

text: for

text: Premier

text: League

text: matches

text: with

text: a

text: total

text: aggregate

text: attendance

text: figure

text: of

text: This

text: represents

text: an

text: increase

text: of

text: from

text: the

text: average

text: attendance

text: of

text: recorded

text: in

text: the

text: league

text: 's

text: first

text: season

text: However

text: during

text: the

text: season

text: the

text: capacities

text: of

text: most

text: stadiums

text: were

text: reduced

text: as

text: clubs

text: replaced

text: terraces

text: with

text: seats

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: meet

text: the

text: Taylor

text: Report

text: 's

text: deadline

text: for

text: all

text: seater

text: stadiums

text: The

text: Premier

text: League

text: 's

text: record

text: average

text: attendance

text: of

text: was

text: set

text: during

text: the

text: season

text: This

text: record

text: was

text: then

text: beaten

text: in

text: the

text: season

text: recording

text: an

text: average

text: attendance

text: of

text: with

text: a

text: total

text: attendance

text: of

text: just

text: under

text: million

text: the

text: highest

text: average

text: in

text: England

text: 's

text: top

text: flight

text: since

question: Are attendance remittances that important to the Premier League?

answer: Stadium attendances are a significant source of regular income for Premier League clubs.

text: Stadium attendances are a significant source of regular income for Premier League clubs.

question: What was the Premier Leagues standard attendance in the 2007-08 season?

answer: The Premier League's record average attendance of 36,144 was set during the 2007–08 season.

text: The Premier League's record average attendance of 36,144 was set during the 2007–08 season.

question: What was the league's first year attendance average?

answer: the average attendance of 21,126 recorded in the league's first season (1992–93).

text: the average attendance of 21,126 recorded in the league's first season (1992–93).

question: Attendance for the 2013-14 season set a new record of how much?

answer: in the 2013–14 season recording an average attendance of 36,695 with a total attendance of just under 14 million,

text: in the 2013–14 season recording an average attendance of 36,695 with a total attendance of just under 14 million,

question: What was the average attendance for all Premier League clubs during the 2009-10 season?

answer: 34,215

question: What was the total attendance of all Premier League games during the 2009-10 season?

answer: 13,001,616

question: By how many attendees did the average Premier League attendance increase between 1992 and 2009?

answer: 13,089

question: For when did the Taylor Report set the deadline for replacing terraces with seats in stadiums?

answer: 1994–95

question: During which season did the Premier League set a record average attendance of over 36,000 people?

answer: 2007–08

question: What is a significant source of revenue for the Taylor Report?

text: Stadium attendances

question: Stadium attendances provide what for the Taylor Report clubs?

text: regular income

question: With a total aggregate attendance of 34,215, how much was the average attendance across clubs for the 2009-10 season?

question: In which year was the record beaten when average attendance was recorded at just under 14 million?

question: What is the highest total in England's top flight since 1992?

text: just under 14 million


text: In the wake of the Republic's collapse, state religion had adapted to support the new regime of the emperors. Augustus, the first Roman emperor, justified the novelty of one-man rule with a vast program of religious revivalism and reform. Public vows formerly made for the security of the republic now were directed at the wellbeing of the emperor. So-called "emperor worship" expanded on a grand scale the traditional Roman veneration of the ancestral dead and of the Genius, the divine tutelary of every individual. Imperial cult became one of the major ways in which Rome advertised its presence in the provinces and cultivated shared cultural identity and loyalty throughout the Empire. Rejection of the state religion was tantamount to treason. This was the context for Rome's conflict with Christianity, which Romans variously regarded as a form of atheism and novel superstitio.

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

title: Religion_in_ancient_Rome

text: In

text: the

text: wake

text: of

text: the

text: Republic

text: 's

text: collapse

text: state

text: religion

text: had

text: adapted

text: to

text: support

text: the

text: new

text: regime

text: of

text: the

text: emperors

text: Augustus

text: the

text: first

text: Roman

text: emperor

text: justified

text: the

text: novelty

text: of

text: one

text: man

text: rule

text: with

text: a

text: vast

text: program

text: of

text: religious

text: revivalism

text: and

text: reform

text: Public

text: vows

text: formerly

text: made

text: for

text: the

text: security

text: of

text: the

text: republic

text: now

text: were

text: directed

text: at

text: the

text: wellbeing

text: of

text: the

text: emperor

text: So

text: called

text: emperor

text: worship

text: expanded

text: on

text: a

text: grand

text: scale

text: the

text: traditional

text: Roman

text: veneration

text: of

text: the

text: ancestral

text: dead

text: and

text: of

text: the

text: Genius

text: the

text: divine

text: tutelary

text: of

text: every

text: individual

text: Imperial

text: cult

text: became

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: major

text: ways

text: in

text: which

text: Rome

text: advertised

text: its

text: presence

text: in

text: the

text: provinces

text: and

text: cultivated

text: shared

text: cultural

text: identity

text: and

text: loyalty

text: throughout

text: the

text: Empire

text: Rejection

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: religion

text: was

text: tantamount

text: to

text: treason

text: This

text: was

text: the

text: context

text: for

text: Rome

text: 's

text: conflict

text: with

text: Christianity

text: which

text: Romans

text: variously

text: regarded

text: as

text: a

text: form

text: of

text: atheism

text: and

text: novel

text: superstitio

question: After the Republic collapsed,  what addition was made to the religions of Rome?

answer: emperors

text: emperors

question: Who was the first Roman emperor?

answer: Augustus

text: Augustus

question: For whose well being were public vows made in the empire?

answer: emperor

text: emperor

question: What did the Romans use as a means of expanding their rule throughout the empire?

answer: Imperial cult

text: Imperial cult

question: As what during the time of the Roman empire  was rejection of the state religion viewed?

answer: treason

text: treason


text: Darwin had his basic theory of natural selection "by which to work" by December 1838, yet almost twenty years later, when Wallace's letter arrived on 18 June 1858, Darwin was still not ready to publish his theory. It was long thought that Darwin avoided or delayed making his ideas public for personal reasons. Reasons suggested have included fear of religious persecution or social disgrace if his views were revealed, and concern about upsetting his clergymen naturalist friends or his pious wife Emma. Charles Darwin's illness caused repeated delays. His paper on Glen Roy had proved embarrassingly wrong, and he may have wanted to be sure he was correct. David Quammen has suggested all these factors may have contributed, and notes Darwin's large output of books and busy family life during that time.

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

text: Darwin

text: had

text: his

text: basic

text: theory

text: of

text: natural

text: selection

text: by

text: which

text: to

text: work

text: by

text: December

text: yet

text: almost

text: twenty

text: years

text: later

text: when

text: Wallace

text: 's

text: letter

text: arrived

text: on

text: June

text: Darwin

text: was

text: still

text: not

text: ready

text: to

text: publish

text: his

text: theory

text: It

text: was

text: long

text: thought

text: that

text: Darwin

text: avoided

text: or

text: delayed

text: making

text: his

text: ideas

text: public

text: for

text: personal

text: reasons

text: Reasons

text: suggested

text: have

text: included

text: fear

text: of

text: religious

text: persecution

text: or

text: social

text: disgrace

text: if

text: his

text: views

text: were

text: revealed

text: and

text: concern

text: about

text: upsetting

text: his

text: clergymen

text: naturalist

text: friends

text: or

text: his

text: pious

text: wife

text: Emma

text: Charles

text: Darwin

text: 's

text: illness

text: caused

text: repeated

text: delays

text: His

text: paper

text: on

text: Glen

text: Roy

text: had

text: proved

text: embarrassingly

text: wrong

text: and

text: he

text: may

text: have

text: wanted

text: to

text: be

text: sure

text: he

text: was

text: correct

text: David

text: Quammen

text: has

text: suggested

text: all

text: these

text: factors

text: may

text: have

text: contributed

text: and

text: notes

text: Darwin

text: 's

text: large

text: output

text: of

text: books

text: and

text: busy

text: family

text: life

text: during

text: that

text: time

question: By which year did Darwin have the basic premise of his natural selection theory?

answer: 1838

question: Why might Darwin have postponed publishing his theory of evolution for over 20 years?

answer: fear of religious persecution or social disgrace

text: fear of religious persecution or social disgrace

question: Which paper did Darwin write that was incorrect?

answer: Glen Roy

text: Glen Roy

question: Who might Darwin have feared upsetting by publishing his work?

answer: his clergymen naturalist friends or his pious wife Emma.

text: his clergymen naturalist friends or his pious wife Emma.


text: Neoclassical architecture was introduced in Malta in the late 18th century, during the final years of Hospitaller rule. Early examples include the Bibliotheca (1786), the De Rohan Arch (1798) and the Hompesch Gate (1801). However, neoclassical architecture only became popular in Malta following the establishment of British rule in the early 19th century. In 1814, a neoclassical portico decorated with the British coat of arms was added to the Main Guard building so as to serve as a symbol of British Malta. Other 19th century neoclassical buildings include RNH Bighi (1832), St Paul's Pro-Cathedral (1844), the Rotunda of Mosta (1860) and the now destroyed Royal Opera House (1866).

title: Neoclassical_architecture

title: Neoclassical_architecture

text: Neoclassical

text: architecture

text: was

text: introduced

text: in

text: Malta

text: in

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: during

text: the

text: final

text: years

text: of

text: Hospitaller

text: rule

text: Early

text: examples

text: include

text: the

text: Bibliotheca

text: the

text: De

text: Rohan

text: Arch

text: and

text: the

text: Hompesch

text: Gate

text: However

text: neoclassical

text: architecture

text: only

text: became

text: popular

text: in

text: Malta

text: following

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: British

text: rule

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: In

text: a

text: neoclassical

text: portico

text: decorated

text: with

text: the

text: British

text: coat

text: of

text: arms

text: was

text: added

text: to

text: the

text: Main

text: Guard

text: building

text: so

text: as

text: to

text: serve

text: as

text: a

text: symbol

text: of

text: British

text: Malta

text: Other

text: century

text: neoclassical

text: buildings

text: include

text: RNH

text: Bighi

text: St

text: Paul

text: 's

text: Pro

text: Cathedral

text: the

text: Rotunda

text: of

text: Mosta

text: and

text: the

text: now

text: destroyed

text: Royal

text: Opera

text: House

question: When was Malta introduced to neoclassical architecture?

answer: late 18th century

text: late 18th century

question: What was the ruler at the time of neoclassical introduction?

answer: Hospitaller

text: Hospitaller

question: When was RNH Bighi built?

answer: 1832

question: In what year did the St Paul's Pro-Cathedral get built?

answer: 1844

question: What was introduced in Malta in the late 1800s?

text: Neoclassical architecture

question: What became unpopular in Malta following the establishment of British rule?

text: neoclassical architecture

question: Who was the ruler of Malta following the neoclassical period?

text: Hospitaller

question: Who ruled Malta in the 1900s?

text: British


text: From the end of World War I until 1962, New Zealand controlled Samoa as a Class C Mandate under trusteeship through the League of Nations, then through the United Nations. There followed a series of New Zealand administrators who were responsible for two major incidents. In the first incident, approximately one fifth of the Samoan population died in the influenza epidemic of 1918–1919. Between 1919 and 1962, Samoa was administered by the Department of External Affairs, a government department which had been specially created to oversee New Zealand's Island Territories and Samoa. In 1943, this Department was renamed the Department of Island Territories after a separate Department of External Affairs was created to conduct New Zealand's foreign affairs.

title: Samoa

title: Samoa

text: From

text: the

text: end

text: of

text: World

text: War

text: I

text: until

text: New

text: Zealand

text: controlled

text: Samoa

text: as

text: a

text: Class

text: C

text: Mandate

text: under

text: trusteeship

text: through

text: the

text: League

text: of

text: Nations

text: then

text: through

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: There

text: followed

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: New

text: Zealand

text: administrators

text: who

text: were

text: responsible

text: for

text: two

text: major

text: incidents

text: In

text: the

text: first

text: incident

text: approximately

text: one

text: fifth

text: of

text: the

text: Samoan

text: population

text: died

text: in

text: the

text: influenza

text: epidemic

text: of

text: Between

text: and

text: Samoa

text: was

text: administered

text: by

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: External

text: Affairs

text: a

text: government

text: department

text: which

text: had

text: been

text: specially

text: created

text: to

text: oversee

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: Island

text: Territories

text: and

text: Samoa

text: In

text: this

text: Department

text: was

text: renamed

text: the

text: Department

text: of

text: Island

text: Territories

text: after

text: a

text: separate

text: Department

text: of

text: External

text: Affairs

text: was

text: created

text: to

text: conduct

text: New

text: Zealand

text: 's

text: foreign

text: affairs

question: What country was in control of Samoa up until 1962?

answer: New Zealand

text: New Zealand

question: During what years was the Samoan influenza epidemic?

answer: 1918–1919

question: What official organization was responsible for Samoa during most of the 20th century?

answer: the Department of External Affairs

text: the Department of External Affairs

question: What new label did the Department of External Affairs receive in 1943?

answer: Department of Island Territories

text: Department of Island Territories

question: About how much of the total population of Samoa died from influenza during the epidemic?

answer: one fifth

text: one fifth

question: For how long did the UN control Samoa?

text: From the end of World War I until 1962

question: How much of the New Zeland population died from the flu from 1918-1919?

text: approximately one fifth

question: What organization was responsible for governing New Zeland from 1919-1962?

text: the Department of External Affairs

question: What was the new name of the Department of External Affairs in 1918?

text: the Department of Island Territories

question: How was New Zeland classified when under the League of Nations and the UN?

text: as a Class C Mandate under trusteeship


text: The city of Detroit and other private-public partnerships have attempted to catalyze the region's growth by facilitating the building and historical rehabilitation of residential high-rises in the downtown, creating a zone that offers many business tax incentives, creating recreational spaces such as the Detroit RiverWalk, Campus Martius Park, Dequindre Cut Greenway, and Green Alleys in Midtown. The city itself has cleared sections of land while retaining a number of historically significant vacant buildings in order to spur redevelopment; though it has struggled with finances, the city issued bonds in 2008 to provide funding for ongoing work to demolish blighted properties. Two years earlier, downtown reported $1.3 billion in restorations and new developments which increased the number of construction jobs in the city. In the decade prior to 2006, downtown gained more than $15 billion in new investment from private and public sectors.

title: Detroit

title: Detroit

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Detroit

text: and

text: other

text: private

text: public

text: partnerships

text: have

text: attempted

text: to

text: catalyze

text: the

text: region

text: 's

text: growth

text: by

text: facilitating

text: the

text: building

text: and

text: historical

text: rehabilitation

text: of

text: residential

text: high

text: rises

text: in

text: the

text: downtown

text: creating

text: a

text: zone

text: that

text: offers

text: many

text: business

text: tax

text: incentives

text: creating

text: recreational

text: spaces

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Detroit

text: RiverWalk

text: Campus

text: Martius

text: Park

text: Dequindre

text: Cut

text: Greenway

text: and

text: Green

text: Alleys

text: in

text: Midtown

text: The

text: city

text: itself

text: has

text: cleared

text: sections

text: of

text: land

text: while

text: retaining

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: historically

text: significant

text: vacant

text: buildings

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: spur

text: redevelopment

text: though

text: it

text: has

text: struggled

text: with

text: finances

text: the

text: city

text: issued

text: bonds

text: in

text: to

text: provide

text: funding

text: for

text: ongoing

text: work

text: to

text: demolish

text: blighted

text: properties

text: Two

text: years

text: earlier

text: downtown

text: reported

text: billion

text: in

text: restorations

text: and

text: new

text: developments

text: which

text: increased

text: the

text: number

text: of

text: construction

text: jobs

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: In

text: the

text: decade

text: prior

text: to

text: downtown

text: gained

text: more

text: than

text: billion

text: in

text: new

text: investment

text: from

text: private

text: and

text: public

text: sectors

question: Which part of Detroit has gotten billions in investment around the turn of the millennium?

answer: downtown

text: downtown

question: What part of Detroit is Green Alleys located in?

answer: Midtown

text: Midtown

question: What type of vacant buildings have been spared destruction?

answer: historically significant

text: historically significant