text: The Indonesian Archipelago is split by the Wallace Line. This line runs along what is now known to be a tectonic plate boundary, and separates Asian (Western) species from Australasian (Eastern) species. The islands between Java/Borneo and Papua form a mixed zone, where both types occur, known as Wallacea. As the pace of development accelerates and populations continue to expand in Southeast Asia, concern has increased regarding the impact of human activity on the region's environment. A significant portion of Southeast Asia, however, has not changed greatly and remains an unaltered home to wildlife. The nations of the region, with only few exceptions, have become aware of the need to maintain forest cover not only to prevent soil erosion but to preserve the diversity of flora and fauna. Indonesia, for example, has created an extensive system of national parks and preserves for this purpose. Even so, such species as the Javan rhinoceros face extinction, with only a handful of the animals remaining in western Java.

title: Southeast_Asia

title: Southeast_Asia

text: The

text: Indonesian

text: Archipelago

text: is

text: split

text: by

text: the

text: Wallace

text: Line

text: This

text: line

text: runs

text: along

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: known

text: to

text: be

text: a

text: tectonic

text: plate

text: boundary

text: and

text: separates

text: Asian

text: Western

text: species

text: from

text: Australasian

text: Eastern

text: species

text: The

text: islands

text: between

text: Java

text: Borneo

text: and

text: Papua

text: form

text: a

text: mixed

text: zone

text: where

text: both

text: types

text: occur

text: known

text: as

text: Wallacea

text: As

text: the

text: pace

text: of

text: development

text: accelerates

text: and

text: populations

text: continue

text: to

text: expand

text: in

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: concern

text: has

text: increased

text: regarding

text: the

text: impact

text: of

text: human

text: activity

text: on

text: the

text: region

text: 's

text: environment

text: A

text: significant

text: portion

text: of

text: Southeast

text: Asia

text: however

text: has

text: not

text: changed

text: greatly

text: and

text: remains

text: an

text: unaltered

text: home

text: to

text: wildlife

text: The

text: nations

text: of

text: the

text: region

text: with

text: only

text: few

text: exceptions

text: have

text: become

text: aware

text: of

text: the

text: need

text: to

text: maintain

text: forest

text: cover

text: not

text: only

text: to

text: prevent

text: soil

text: erosion

text: but

text: to

text: preserve

text: the

text: diversity

text: of

text: flora

text: and

text: fauna

text: Indonesia

text: for

text: example

text: has

text: created

text: an

text: extensive

text: system

text: of

text: national

text: parks

text: and

text: preserves

text: for

text: this

text: purpose

text: Even

text: so

text: such

text: species

text: as

text: the

text: Javan

text: rhinoceros

text: face

text: extinction

text: with

text: only

text: a

text: handful

text: of

text: the

text: animals

text: remaining

text: in

text: western

text: Java

question: Name the line that splits the Indonesian Archipelago?

answer: Wallace Line

text: Wallace Line

question: What region comprises of the Wallacea?

answer: The islands between Java/Borneo and Papua

text: The islands between Java/Borneo and Papua

question: Which country has created a system of national parks & preserves?

answer: Indonesia

text: Indonesia

question: Which species in Java face extinction?

answer: Javan rhinoceros

text: Javan rhinoceros

question: What is the concern in Southeast Asian region due to development & population expansion?

answer: impact of human activity on the region's environment.

text: impact of human activity on the region's environment.

question: What seperates Asian andAustralian species?

text: Wallace Line

question: What islands don't have either Asian or Ausralasian species?

text: Java/Borneo and Papua

question: What has impacted large regions of Southeast Asia?

text: human activity

question: What kind of coverage encourages erosian?

text: forest cover


text: In 1838 with the amount of smuggled opium entering China approaching 1,400 tons a year, the Chinese imposed a death penalty for opium smuggling and sent a Special Imperial Commissioner, Lin Zexu, to curb smuggling. This resulted in the First Opium War (1839–42). After the war Hong Kong island was ceded to Britain under the Treaty of Nanking and the Chinese market opened to the opium traders of Britain and other nations. The Jardines and Apcar and Company dominated the trade, although P&O also tried to take a share. A Second Opium War fought by Britain and France against China lasted from 1856 until 1860 and led to the Treaty of Tientsin, which legalised the importation of opium. Legalisation stimulated domestic Chinese opium production and increased the importation of opium from Turkey and Persia. This increased competition for the Chinese market led to India reducing its opium output and diversifying its exports.

title: East_India_Company

title: East_India_Company

text: In

text: with

text: the

text: amount

text: of

text: smuggled

text: opium

text: entering

text: China

text: approaching

text: tons

text: a

text: year

text: the

text: Chinese

text: imposed

text: a

text: death

text: penalty

text: for

text: opium

text: smuggling

text: and

text: sent

text: a

text: Special

text: Imperial

text: Commissioner

text: Lin

text: Zexu

text: to

text: curb

text: smuggling

text: This

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: First

text: Opium

text: War

text: After

text: the

text: war

text: Hong

text: Kong

text: island

text: was

text: ceded

text: to

text: Britain

text: under

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Nanking

text: and

text: the

text: Chinese

text: market

text: opened

text: to

text: the

text: opium

text: traders

text: of

text: Britain

text: and

text: other

text: nations

text: The

text: Jardines

text: and

text: Apcar

text: and

text: Company

text: dominated

text: the

text: trade

text: although

text: P&O

text: also

text: tried

text: to

text: take

text: a

text: share

text: A

text: Second

text: Opium

text: War

text: fought

text: by

text: Britain

text: and

text: France

text: against

text: China

text: lasted

text: from

text: until

text: and

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Tientsin

text: which

text: legalised

text: the

text: importation

text: of

text: opium

text: Legalisation

text: stimulated

text: domestic

text: Chinese

text: opium

text: production

text: and

text: increased

text: the

text: importation

text: of

text: opium

text: from

text: Turkey

text: and

text: Persia

text: This

text: increased

text: competition

text: for

text: the

text: Chinese

text: market

text: led

text: to

text: India

text: reducing

text: its

text: opium

text: output

text: and

text: diversifying

text: its

text: exports

question: in 1838 what was the sentence for smuggling opium in to China?

answer: death penalty

text: death penalty

question: in 1838 about how many tone of  Opium was smuggled in to China per year?

answer: 1,400 tons

text: 1,400 tons

question: what was the title of the person people were sent to if they were  caught smuggling Opium in to China?

answer: Special Imperial Commissioner

text: Special Imperial Commissioner

question: when did the first Opium war start?

answer: 1839

question: Britian faught side by side with what country  in the second Opium war?

answer: France

text: France

question: What was the sentence for smuggling opium into Egypt in 1838?

text: death penalty

question: How many tons of opium were stolen from China per year in 1838?

text: 1,400 tons

question: What was the title of the person people were sent to if they were caught smuggling Opium into space?

text: Special Imperial Commissioner

question: What country stood paralyzed next to Britain in the second opium war?

text: France

question: When did the only Opium war end?


text:
The chemistry of zinc is dominated by the +2 oxidation state. When compounds in this oxidation state are formed the outer shell s electrons are lost, which yields a bare zinc ion with the electronic configuration [Ar]3d10. In aqueous solution an octahedral complex, [Zn(H
2O)6]2+ is the predominant species. The volatilization of zinc in combination with zinc chloride at temperatures above 285 °C indicates the formation of Zn
2Cl
2, a zinc compound with a +1 oxidation state. No compounds of zinc in oxidation states other than +1 or +2 are known. Calculations indicate that a zinc compound with the oxidation state of +4 is unlikely to exist.

title: Zinc

title: Zinc

text: The

text: chemistry

text: of

text: zinc

text: is

text: dominated

text: by

text: the

text: oxidation

text: state

text: When

text: compounds

text: in

text: this

text: oxidation

text: state

text: are

text: formed

text: the

text: outer

text: shell

text: s

text: electrons

text: are

text: lost

text: which

text: yields

text: a

text: bare

text: zinc

text: ion

text: with

text: the

text: electronic

text: configuration

text: In

text: aqueous

text: solution

text: an

text: octahedral

text: complex

text: Zn(H

text: is

text: the

text: predominant

text: species

text: The

text: volatilization

text: of

text: zinc

text: in

text: combination

text: with

text: zinc

text: chloride

text: at

text: temperatures

text: above

text: C

text: indicates

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: Zn

text: a

text: zinc

text: compound

text: with

text: a

text: oxidation

text: state

text: No

text: compounds

text: of

text: zinc

text: in

text: oxidation

text: states

text: other

text: than

text: or

text: are

text: known

text: Calculations

text: indicate

text: that

text: a

text: zinc

text: compound

text: with

text: the

text: oxidation

text: state

text: of

text: is

text: unlikely

text: to

text: exist

question: What oxidation state dominates zinc?

answer: +2

question: What indicates the formation of ZN2Cl?

answer: The volatilization of zinc in combination with zinc chloride at temperatures above 285 °C

text: The volatilization of zinc in combination with zinc chloride at temperatures above 285 °C

question: what are the only two oxidation states known for zinc?

answer: +1 or +2

text: +1 or +2

question: What oxidation state dominates the chemistry of zinc?

answer: +2

question: What are the only two oxidation states known for zinc compounds?

answer: +1 or +2

text: +1 or +2

question: What oxidation state repels zinc?

text: +2 oxidation state

question: What indicates the destruction of ZN2Cl?

question: What is the only oxidation state known for zinc compounds?

text: +2 oxidation state


text: 13th Street is in three parts. The first is a dead end from Avenue C. The second starts at a dead end, just before Avenue B, and runs to Greenwich Avenue, and the third part is from Eighth Avenue to Tenth Avenue.

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

title: List_of_numbered_streets_in_Manhattan

text: Street

text: is

text: in

text: three

text: parts

text: The

text: first

text: is

text: a

text: dead

text: end

text: from

text: Avenue

text: C.

text: The

text: second

text: starts

text: at

text: a

text: dead

text: end

text: just

text: before

text: Avenue

text: B

text: and

text: runs

text: to

text: Greenwich

text: Avenue

text: and

text: the

text: third

text: part

text: is

text: from

text: Eighth

text: Avenue

text: to

text: Tenth

text: Avenue

question: 13th Street is divided into how many parts?

answer: three

text: three

question: The first part of 13th Street is a dead end from which Avenue?

answer: C

text: C

question: Where does the second part of 13th Street end?

answer: Greenwich Avenue

text: Greenwich Avenue

question: Which street has its third section between Eighth Avenue and Tenth Avenue?

answer: 13th Street

text: 13th Street


text: Phosphor-based LED efficiency losses are due to the heat loss from the Stokes shift and also other phosphor-related degradation issues. Their luminous efficacies compared to normal LEDs depend on the spectral distribution of the resultant light output and the original wavelength of the LED itself. For example, the luminous efficacy of a typical YAG yellow phosphor based white LED ranges from 3 to 5 times the luminous efficacy of the original blue LED because of the human eye's greater sensitivity to yellow than to blue (as modeled in the luminosity function). Due to the simplicity of manufacturing the phosphor method is still the most popular method for making high-intensity white LEDs. The design and production of a light source or light fixture using a monochrome emitter with phosphor conversion is simpler and cheaper than a complex RGB system, and the majority of high-intensity white LEDs presently on the market are manufactured using phosphor light conversion.

title: Light-emitting_diode

title: Light

title: emitting_diode

text: Phosphor

text: based

text: LED

text: efficiency

text: losses

text: are

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: heat

text: loss

text: from

text: the

text: Stokes

text: shift

text: and

text: also

text: other

text: phosphor

text: related

text: degradation

text: issues

text: Their

text: luminous

text: efficacies

text: compared

text: to

text: normal

text: LEDs

text: depend

text: on

text: the

text: spectral

text: distribution

text: of

text: the

text: resultant

text: light

text: output

text: and

text: the

text: original

text: wavelength

text: of

text: the

text: LED

text: itself

text: For

text: example

text: the

text: luminous

text: efficacy

text: of

text: a

text: typical

text: YAG

text: yellow

text: phosphor

text: based

text: white

text: LED

text: ranges

text: from

text: to

text: times

text: the

text: luminous

text: efficacy

text: of

text: the

text: original

text: blue

text: LED

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: human

text: eye

text: 's

text: greater

text: sensitivity

text: to

text: yellow

text: than

text: to

text: blue

text: as

text: modeled

text: in

text: the

text: luminosity

text: function

text: Due

text: to

text: the

text: simplicity

text: of

text: manufacturing

text: the

text: phosphor

text: method

text: is

text: still

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: method

text: for

text: making

text: high

text: intensity

text: white

text: LEDs

text: The

text: design

text: and

text: production

text: of

text: a

text: light

text: source

text: or

text: light

text: fixture

text: using

text: a

text: monochrome

text: emitter

text: with

text: phosphor

text: conversion

text: is

text: simpler

text: and

text: cheaper

text: than

text: a

text: complex

text: RGB

text: system

text: and

text: the

text: majority

text: of

text: high

text: intensity

text: white

text: LEDs

text: presently

text: on

text: the

text: market

text: are

text: manufactured

text: using

text: phosphor

text: light

text: conversion

question: Why is efficiency sometimes lost in phosphor-based LEDs?

answer: heat loss from the Stokes shift

text: heat loss from the Stokes shift

question: What do phosphor-based LEDs luminous efficacies depend on?

answer: the spectral distribution of the resultant light output

text: the spectral distribution of the resultant light output

question: What are some of the luminous efficacies of yellow phosphor based white LED compared to blue?

answer: 3 to 5 times the luminous efficacy

text: 3 to 5 times the luminous efficacy

question: What is the most popular method for making high-intensity white LEDs?

answer: phosphor method

text: phosphor method

question: What type of emitter is used in phosphor-based white LED methods?

answer: monochrome

text: monochrome

question: Why is efficiency never lost in phosphor-based LEDs?

text: heat loss from the Stokes shift

question: What don't phosphor-based LEDs luminous efficacies depend on?

question: What are some of the luminous efficacies of yellow phosphor based red LED compared to blue?

text: phosphor

question: What type of emitter is used in non-phosphor-based white LED methods?

text: monochrome


text: The last opus number that Chopin himself used was 65, allocated to the Cello Sonata in G minor. He expressed a deathbed wish that all his unpublished manuscripts be destroyed. At the request of the composer's mother and sisters, however, his musical executor Julian Fontana selected 23 unpublished piano pieces and grouped them into eight further opus numbers (Opp. 66–73), published in 1855. In 1857, 17 Polish songs that Chopin wrote at various stages of his life were collected and published as Op. 74, though their order within the opus did not reflect the order of composition.

title: Frédéric_Chopin

title: Frédéric_Chopin

text: The

text: last

text: opus

text: number

text: that

text: Chopin

text: himself

text: used

text: was

text: allocated

text: to

text: the

text: Cello

text: Sonata

text: in

text: G

text: minor

text: He

text: expressed

text: a

text: deathbed

text: wish

text: that

text: all

text: his

text: unpublished

text: manuscripts

text: be

text: destroyed

text: At

text: the

text: request

text: of

text: the

text: composer

text: 's

text: mother

text: and

text: sisters

text: however

text: his

text: musical

text: executor

text: Julian

text: Fontana

text: selected

text: unpublished

text: piano

text: pieces

text: and

text: grouped

text: them

text: into

text: eight

text: further

text: opus

text: numbers

text: Opp

text: published

text: in

text: In

text: Polish

text: songs

text: that

text: Chopin

text: wrote

text: at

text: various

text: stages

text: of

text: his

text: life

text: were

text: collected

text: and

text: published

text: as

text: Op

text: though

text: their

text: order

text: within

text: the

text: opus

text: did

text: not

text: reflect

text: the

text: order

text: of

text: composition

question: What was the last number Chopin gave to an opus?

answer: 65

question: Who was Chopin's musical executor?

answer: Julian Fontana

text: Julian Fontana

question: How many unfinished pieces did Julian Fontana make into eight more opus numbers?

answer: 23

question: Op. 74 is made up of how many Polish songs?

answer: 17

question: What is the last opus number that Chopin used?

answer: 65

question: Who grouped 23 unpublished pieces and published them as Opp. 66-73 in 1855?

answer: Julian Fontana

text: Julian Fontana

question: When was Op. 74 published?

answer: 1857


text: Because of the above issues, Nigeria's political parties are pan-national and secular in character (though this does not preclude the continuing preeminence of the dominant ethnicities). The major political parties at that time included the then ruling People's Democratic Party of Nigeria, which maintains 223 seats in the House and 76 in the Senate (61.9% and 69.7% respectively); the opposition formerly All Nigeria People's Party now All Progressives Congress has 96 House seats and 27 in the Senate (26.6% and 24.7%). About twenty minor opposition parties are registered.

title: Nigeria

title: Nigeria

text: Because

text: of

text: the

text: above

text: issues

text: Nigeria

text: 's

text: political

text: parties

text: are

text: pan

text: national

text: and

text: secular

text: in

text: character

text: though

text: this

text: does

text: not

text: preclude

text: the

text: continuing

text: preeminence

text: of

text: the

text: dominant

text: ethnicities

text: The

text: major

text: political

text: parties

text: at

text: that

text: time

text: included

text: the

text: then

text: ruling

text: People

text: 's

text: Democratic

text: Party

text: of

text: Nigeria

text: which

text: maintains

text: seats

text: in

text: the

text: House

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Senate

text: and

text: respectively

text: the

text: opposition

text: formerly

text: All

text: Nigeria

text: People

text: 's

text: Party

text: now

text: All

text: Progressives

text: Congress

text: has

text: House

text: seats

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: Senate

text: and

text: About

text: twenty

text: minor

text: opposition

text: parties

text: are

text: registered

question: How many seats does the People's Democratic Party of Nigeria have in the House?

answer: 223

question: How many seats does the People's Democratic Party of Nigeria have in the Senate?

answer: 76

question: How many seats does the  All Progressives Congress have in the House?

answer: 96

question: How many seats does the  All Progressives Congress have in the Senate?

answer: 27

question: How many minor opposition parties does Nigeria have?

answer: About twenty

text: About twenty


text: Israel was established as a homeland for the Jewish people and is often referred to as a Jewish state. The country's Law of Return grants all Jews and those of Jewish ancestry the right to Israeli citizenship. Over three quarters, or 75.5%, of the population are Jews from a diversity of Jewish backgrounds. Around 4% of Israelis (300,000), ethnically defined as "others", are Russian descendants of Jewish origin or family who are not Jewish according to rabbinical law, but were eligible for Israeli citizenship under the Law of Return. Approximately 75% of Israeli Jews are born in Israel, 17% are immigrants from Europe and the Americas, and 8% are immigrants from Asia and Africa (including the Arab World). Jews from Europe and the former Soviet Union and their descendants born in Israel, including Ashkenazi Jews, constitute approximately 50% of Jewish Israelis. Jews who left or fled Arab and Muslim countries and their descendants, including both Mizrahi and Sephardi Jews, form most of the rest of the Jewish population. Jewish intermarriage rates run at over 35% and recent studies suggest that the percentage of Israelis descended from both Sephardi and Ashkenazi Jews increases by 0.5 percent every year, with over 25% of school children now originating from both communities.

title: Israel

title: Israel

text: Israel

text: was

text: established

text: as

text: a

text: homeland

text: for

text: the

text: Jewish

text: people

text: and

text: is

text: often

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: a

text: Jewish

text: state

text: The

text: country

text: 's

text: Law

text: of

text: Return

text: grants

text: all

text: Jews

text: and

text: those

text: of

text: Jewish

text: ancestry

text: the

text: right

text: to

text: Israeli

text: citizenship

text: Over

text: three

text: quarters

text: or

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: are

text: Jews

text: from

text: a

text: diversity

text: of

text: Jewish

text: backgrounds

text: Around

text: of

text: Israelis

text: ethnically

text: defined

text: as

text: others

text: are

text: Russian

text: descendants

text: of

text: Jewish

text: origin

text: or

text: family

text: who

text: are

text: not

text: Jewish

text: according

text: to

text: rabbinical

text: law

text: but

text: were

text: eligible

text: for

text: Israeli

text: citizenship

text: under

text: the

text: Law

text: of

text: Return

text: Approximately

text: of

text: Israeli

text: Jews

text: are

text: born

text: in

text: Israel

text: are

text: immigrants

text: from

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: Americas

text: and

text: are

text: immigrants

text: from

text: Asia

text: and

text: Africa

text: including

text: the

text: Arab

text: World

text: Jews

text: from

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: former

text: Soviet

text: Union

text: and

text: their

text: descendants

text: born

text: in

text: Israel

text: including

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jews

text: constitute

text: approximately

text: of

text: Jewish

text: Israelis

text: Jews

text: who

text: left

text: or

text: fled

text: Arab

text: and

text: Muslim

text: countries

text: and

text: their

text: descendants

text: including

text: both

text: Mizrahi

text: and

text: Sephardi

text: Jews

text: form

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: Jewish

text: population

text: Jewish

text: intermarriage

text: rates

text: run

text: at

text: over

text: and

text: recent

text: studies

text: suggest

text: that

text: the

text: percentage

text: of

text: Israelis

text: descended

text: from

text: both

text: Sephardi

text: and

text: Ashkenazi

text: Jews

text: increases

text: by

text: percent

text: every

text: year

text: with

text: over

text: of

text: school

text: children

text: now

text: originating

text: from

text: both

text: communities

question: What's the homeland for Jewish people?

answer: Israel

text: Israel

question: Approximately how many Israeli Jews are born in Israel?

answer: 75%

question: What percent are Jewish intermarriage rates at?

answer: 35%


text: In the Alicante province Catalan is being replaced by Spanish, and in Alghero by Italian. There are also well ingrained diglossic attitudes against Catalan in the Valencian Community, Ibiza, and to a lesser extent, in the rest of the Balearic islands.

title: Catalan_language

title: Catalan_language

text: In

text: the

text: Alicante

text: province

text: Catalan

text: is

text: being

text: replaced

text: by

text: Spanish

text: and

text: in

text: Alghero

text: by

text: Italian

text: There

text: are

text: also

text: well

text: ingrained

text: diglossic

text: attitudes

text: against

text: Catalan

text: in

text: the

text: Valencian

text: Community

text: Ibiza

text: and

text: to

text: a

text: lesser

text: extent

text: in

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: Balearic

text: islands

question: What is Catalan being supplanted by in Alicante?

answer: Spanish

text: Spanish

question: What is Catalan being replaced by in Alghero?

answer: Italian

text: Italian

question: What are the anti-Catalan attitudes in Valencia and Ibiza?

answer: ingrained diglossic attitudes

text: ingrained diglossic attitudes

question: What is another expression for bilingual attitudes?

answer: diglossic attitudes

text: diglossic attitudes

question: What is Spanish replacing in Alicante province?

answer: Catalan

text: Catalan


text: However, early farmers were also adversely affected in times of famine, such as may be caused by drought or pests. In instances where agriculture had become the predominant way of life, the sensitivity to these shortages could be particularly acute, affecting agrarian populations to an extent that otherwise may not have been routinely experienced by prior hunter-gatherer communities. Nevertheless, agrarian communities generally proved successful, and their growth and the expansion of territory under cultivation continued.

title: Neolithic

title: Neolithic

text: However

text: early

text: farmers

text: were

text: also

text: adversely

text: affected

text: in

text: times

text: of

text: famine

text: such

text: as

text: may

text: be

text: caused

text: by

text: drought

text: or

text: pests

text: In

text: instances

text: where

text: agriculture

text: had

text: become

text: the

text: predominant

text: way

text: of

text: life

text: the

text: sensitivity

text: to

text: these

text: shortages

text: could

text: be

text: particularly

text: acute

text: affecting

text: agrarian

text: populations

text: to

text: an

text: extent

text: that

text: otherwise

text: may

text: not

text: have

text: been

text: routinely

text: experienced

text: by

text: prior

text: hunter

text: gatherer

text: communities

text: Nevertheless

text: agrarian

text: communities

text: generally

text: proved

text: successful

text: and

text: their

text: growth

text: and

text: the

text: expansion

text: of

text: territory

text: under

text: cultivation

text: continued

question: What were the causes of famine in early farm towns?

answer: drought or pests

text: drought or pests

question: What type of societies were not affected by famine?

answer: hunter-gatherer communities

text: hunter-gatherer communities

question: What type of societies were usually still successful after dealing with famine?

answer: agrarian communities

text: agrarian communities

question: What were the causes of cultivation in early farm towns?

text: drought or pests

question: What type of societies were not affected by cultivation?

text: hunter-gatherer communities

question: What type of societies were usually still successful after dealing with cultivation?

text: agrarian communities

question: What continued without shortages?

question: What could sensitivity to cultivation be?

text: particularly acute


text: True exhibition games between opposing colleges at the highest level do not exist in college football; due to the importance of opinion polling in the top level of college football, even exhibition games would not truly be exhibitions because they could influence the opinions of those polled. Intramural games are possible because a team playing against itself leaves little ability for poll participants to make judgments, and at levels below the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS), championships are decided by objective formulas and thus those teams can play non-league games without affecting their playoff hopes.

title: Exhibition_game

title: Exhibition_game

text: True

text: exhibition

text: games

text: between

text: opposing

text: colleges

text: at

text: the

text: highest

text: level

text: do

text: not

text: exist

text: in

text: college

text: football

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: opinion

text: polling

text: in

text: the

text: top

text: level

text: of

text: college

text: football

text: even

text: exhibition

text: games

text: would

text: not

text: truly

text: be

text: exhibitions

text: because

text: they

text: could

text: influence

text: the

text: opinions

text: of

text: those

text: polled

text: Intramural

text: games

text: are

text: possible

text: because

text: a

text: team

text: playing

text: against

text: itself

text: leaves

text: little

text: ability

text: for

text: poll

text: participants

text: to

text: make

text: judgments

text: and

text: at

text: levels

text: below

text: the

text: Football

text: Bowl

text: Subdivision

text: FBS

text: championships

text: are

text: decided

text: by

text: objective

text: formulas

text: and

text: thus

text: those

text: teams

text: can

text: play

text: non

text: league

text: games

text: without

text: affecting

text: their

text: playoff

text: hopes

question: What consideration is more important for college teams than exhibition games?

answer: opinion polling

text: opinion polling

question: What is a game called in which a team plays against itself?

answer: Intramural

text: Intramural

question: Championships are decided by formulas for college teams below what level?

answer: Football Bowl Subdivision

text: Football Bowl Subdivision

question: What kind of games exist between opposing colleges at the highest level?

text: True exhibition games

question: What kind of polling is not important in college football?

text: opinion polling

question: What is a game called in which a team plays against another team?

text: Intramural games

question: How are championships decided at levels above football bowl subdivision?

text: objective formulas


text: In 1989, Gaddafi was overjoyed by the foundation of the Arab Maghreb Union, uniting Libya in an economic pact with Mauritania, Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria, viewing it as beginnings of a new Pan-Arab union. Meanwhile, Libya stepped up its support for anti-western militants such as the Provisional IRA, and in 1988, Pan Am Flight 103 was blown up over Lockerbie in Scotland, killing 243 passengers and 16 crew members, plus 11 people on the ground. British police investigations identified two Libyans – Abdelbaset al-Megrahi and Lamin Khalifah Fhimah – as the chief suspects, and in November 1991 issued a declaration demanding that Libya hand them over. When Gaddafi refused, citing the Montreal Convention, the United Nations (UN) imposed Resolution 748 in March 1992, initiating economic sanctions against Libya which had deep repercussions for the country's economy. The country suffered an estimated $900 million financial loss as a result. Further problems arose with the west when in January 1989, two Libyan warplanes were shot down by the U.S. off the Libyan coast. Many African states opposed the UN sanctions, with Mandela criticising them on a visit to Gaddafi in October 1997, when he praised Libya for its work in fighting apartheid and awarded Gaddafi the Order of Good Hope. They would only be suspended in 1998 when Libya agreed to allow the extradition of the suspects to the Scottish Court in the Netherlands, in a process overseen by Mandela.

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

title: Muammar_Gaddafi

text: In

text: Gaddafi

text: was

text: overjoyed

text: by

text: the

text: foundation

text: of

text: the

text: Arab

text: Maghreb

text: Union

text: uniting

text: Libya

text: in

text: an

text: economic

text: pact

text: with

text: Mauritania

text: Morocco

text: Tunisia

text: and

text: Algeria

text: viewing

text: it

text: as

text: beginnings

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: Pan

text: Arab

text: union

text: Meanwhile

text: Libya

text: stepped

text: up

text: its

text: support

text: for

text: anti

text: western

text: militants

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Provisional

text: IRA

text: and

text: in

text: Pan

text: Am

text: Flight

text: was

text: blown

text: up

text: over

text: Lockerbie

text: in

text: Scotland

text: killing

text: passengers

text: and

text: crew

text: members

text: plus

text: people

text: on

text: the

text: ground

text: British

text: police

text: investigations

text: identified

text: two

text: Libyans

text: Abdelbaset

text: al

text: Megrahi

text: and

text: Lamin

text: Khalifah

text: Fhimah

text: as

text: the

text: chief

text: suspects

text: and

text: in

text: November

text: issued

text: a

text: declaration

text: demanding

text: that

text: Libya

text: hand

text: them

text: over

text: When

text: Gaddafi

text: refused

text: citing

text: the

text: Montreal

text: Convention

text: the

text: United

text: Nations

text: UN

text: imposed

text: Resolution

text: in

text: March

text: initiating

text: economic

text: sanctions

text: against

text: Libya

text: which

text: had

text: deep

text: repercussions

text: for

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: economy

text: The

text: country

text: suffered

text: an

text: estimated

text: million

text: financial

text: loss

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: Further

text: problems

text: arose

text: with

text: the

text: west

text: when

text: in

text: January

text: two

text: Libyan

text: warplanes

text: were

text: shot

text: down

text: by

text: the

text: U.S.

text: off

text: the

text: Libyan

text: coast

text: Many

text: African

text: states

text: opposed

text: the

text: UN

text: sanctions

text: with

text: Mandela

text: criticising

text: them

text: on

text: a

text: visit

text: to

text: Gaddafi

text: in

text: October

text: when

text: he

text: praised

text: Libya

text: for

text: its

text: work

text: in

text: fighting

text: apartheid

text: and

text: awarded

text: Gaddafi

text: the

text: Order

text: of

text: Good

text: Hope

text: They

text: would

text: only

text: be

text: suspended

text: in

text: when

text: Libya

text: agreed

text: to

text: allow

text: the

text: extradition

text: of

text: the

text: suspects

text: to

text: the

text: Scottish

text: Court

text: in

text: the

text: Netherlands

text: in

text: a

text: process

text: overseen

text: by

text: Mandela

question: Along with Libya, Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria, who was a founding member of the Arab Maghreb Union?

answer: Mauritania

text: Mauritania

question: How many people not on Pan Am Flight 103 were killed by its destruction?

answer: 11

question: Along with Lamin Khalifah Fhimah, who was suspected of the attack on Pan Am Flight 103?

answer: Abdelbaset al-Megrahi

text: Abdelbaset al-Megrahi

question: What 1992 UN Resolution imposed sanctions on Libya for its refusal to hand over the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing suspects?

answer: 748

question: What was the value of the economic losses experienced by Libya as a result of Resolution 748?

answer: $900 million

text: $900 million


text: American comics developed out of such magazines as Puck, Judge, and Life. The success of illustrated humour supplements in the New York World and later the New York American, particularly Outcault's The Yellow Kid, led to the development of newspaper comic strips. Early Sunday strips were full-page and often in colour. Between 1896 and 1901 cartoonists experimented with sequentiality, movement, and speech balloons.

title: Comics

title: Comics

text: American

text: comics

text: developed

text: out

text: of

text: such

text: magazines

text: as

text: Puck

text: Judge

text: and

text: Life

text: The

text: success

text: of

text: illustrated

text: humour

text: supplements

text: in

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: World

text: and

text: later

text: the

text: New

text: York

text: American

text: particularly

text: Outcault

text: 's

text: The

text: Yellow

text: Kid

text: led

text: to

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: newspaper

text: comic

text: strips

text: Early

text: Sunday

text: strips

text: were

text: full

text: page

text: and

text: often

text: in

text: colour

text: Between

text: and

text: cartoonists

text: experimented

text: with

text: sequentiality

text: movement

text: and

text: speech

text: balloons

question: Which outlet did comic supplements find success in?

answer: New York World

text: New York World

question: Which strip had a good deal of success as a comic strip?

answer: Outcault's The Yellow Kid

text: Outcault's The Yellow Kid

question: Which outlet did comic supplements fail in?

text: New York World

question: Which outlet did news supplements find success in?

text: New York World

question: Which outlet didn't comic supplements find success in?

text: New York World

question: Which strip had no success as a comic strip?

text: Outcault's The Yellow Kid

question: Which strip had a good deal of success as a news article?

text: Outcault's The Yellow Kid


text: Spanish was nonetheless the only official language in Galicia for more than four centuries. Over the many centuries of Castilian domination, Galician faded from day-to-day use in urban areas. The period since the re-establishment of democracy in Spain—in particular since the Lei de Normalización Lingüística ("Law of Linguistic Normalization", Ley 3/1983, 15 June 1983)—represents the first time since the introduction of mass education that a generation has attended school in Galician (Spanish is also still taught in Galician schools).

title: Galicia_(Spain)

title: Galicia_(Spain

text: Spanish

text: was

text: nonetheless

text: the

text: only

text: official

text: language

text: in

text: Galicia

text: for

text: more

text: than

text: four

text: centuries

text: Over

text: the

text: many

text: centuries

text: of

text: Castilian

text: domination

text: Galician

text: faded

text: from

text: day

text: to

text: day

text: use

text: in

text: urban

text: areas

text: The

text: period

text: since

text: the

text: re

text: establishment

text: of

text: democracy

text: in

text: Spain

text: in

text: particular

text: since

text: the

text: Lei

text: de

text: Normalización

text: Lingüística

text: Law

text: of

text: Linguistic

text: Normalization

text: Ley

text: June

text: the

text: first

text: time

text: since

text: the

text: introduction

text: of

text: mass

text: education

text: that

text: a

text: generation

text: has

text: attended

text: school

text: in

text: Galician

text: Spanish

text: is

text: also

text: still

text: taught

text: in

text: Galician

text: schools

question: For how long was Spanish the official language of Galicia?

answer: more than four centuries

text: more than four centuries

question: In modern times, from which year have children attended school in Galician?

answer: 1983

question: What was the name of the law that enacted this?

answer: Lei de Normalización Lingüística ("Law of Linguistic Normalization"

text: Lei de Normalización Lingüística ("Law of Linguistic Normalization"


text: Sometimes not only church interiors but façades were also decorated with mosaics in Italy like in the case of the St Mark's Basilica in Venice (mainly from the 17th–19th centuries, but the oldest one from 1270–75, "The burial of St Mark in the first basilica"), the Cathedral of Orvieto (golden Gothic mosaics from the 14th century, many times redone) and the Basilica di San Frediano in Lucca (huge, striking golden mosaic representing the Ascension of Christ with the apostles below, designed by Berlinghiero Berlinghieri in the 13th century). The Cathedral of Spoleto is also decorated on the upper façade with a huge mosaic portraying the Blessing Christ (signed by one Solsternus from 1207).

title: Mosaic

title: Mosaic

text: Sometimes

text: not

text: only

text: church

text: interiors

text: but

text: façades

text: were

text: also

text: decorated

text: with

text: mosaics

text: in

text: Italy

text: like

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: the

text: St

text: Mark

text: 's

text: Basilica

text: in

text: Venice

text: mainly

text: from

text: the

text: centuries

text: but

text: the

text: oldest

text: one

text: from

text: The

text: burial

text: of

text: St

text: Mark

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: basilica

text: the

text: Cathedral

text: of

text: Orvieto

text: golden

text: Gothic

text: mosaics

text: from

text: the

text: century

text: many

text: times

text: redone

text: and

text: the

text: Basilica

text: di

text: San

text: Frediano

text: in

text: Lucca

text: huge

text: striking

text: golden

text: mosaic

text: representing

text: the

text: Ascension

text: of

text: Christ

text: with

text: the

text: apostles

text: below

text: designed

text: by

text: Berlinghiero

text: Berlinghieri

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: The

text: Cathedral

text: of

text: Spoleto

text: is

text: also

text: decorated

text: on

text: the

text: upper

text: façade

text: with

text: a

text: huge

text: mosaic

text: portraying

text: the

text: Blessing

text: Christ

text: signed

text: by

text: one

text: Solsternus

text: from

question: What was special about St Mark's Basilica in Venice?

answer: façades were also decorated

text: façades were also decorated

question: When was the latest addition to the facade at St Mark's Basilica in Venice?

answer: from 1270–75

text: from 1270–75

question: the Cathedral of Orvieto has a mosaic facade, done first in which century?

answer: the 14th

text: the 14th

question: the Basilica di San Frediano in Lucca has a large golden mosaic facade depicting which figure?

answer: Christ

text: Christ

question: The Cathedral of Spoleto is signed by who?

answer: Solsternus

text: Solsternus


text: In contemporary society, adolescents also face some risks as their sexuality begins to transform. While some of these, such as emotional distress (fear of abuse or exploitation) and sexually transmitted infections/diseases (STIs/STDs), including HIV/AIDS, are not necessarily inherent to adolescence, others such as teenage pregnancy (through non-use or failure of contraceptives) are seen as social problems in most western societies. One in four sexually active teenagers will contract an STI. Adolescents in the United States often chose "anything but intercourse" for sexual activity because they mistakenly believe it reduces the risk of STIs. Across the country, clinicians report rising diagnoses of herpes and human papillomavirus (HPV), which can cause genital warts, and is now thought to affect 15 percent of the teen population. Girls 15 to 19 have higher rates of gonorrhea than any other age group. One-quarter of all new HIV cases occur in those under the age of 21. Multrine also states in her article that according to a March survey by the Kaiser Family Foundation, eighty-one percent of parents want schools to discuss the use of condoms and contraception with their children. They also believe students should be able to be tested for STIs. Furthermore, teachers want to address such topics with their students. But, although 9 in 10 sex education instructors across the country believe that students should be taught about contraceptives in school, over one quarter report receiving explicit instructions from school boards and administrators not to do so. According to anthropologist Margaret Mead, the turmoil found in adolescence in Western society has a cultural rather than a physical cause; they reported that societies where young women engaged in free sexual activity had no such adolescent turmoil.

title: Adolescence

title: Adolescence

text: In

text: contemporary

text: society

text: adolescents

text: also

text: face

text: some

text: risks

text: as

text: their

text: sexuality

text: begins

text: to

text: transform

text: While

text: some

text: of

text: these

text: such

text: as

text: emotional

text: distress

text: fear

text: of

text: abuse

text: or

text: exploitation

text: and

text: sexually

text: transmitted

text: infections

text: diseases

text: STIs

text: STDs

text: including

text: HIV

text: AIDS

text: are

text: not

text: necessarily

text: inherent

text: to

text: adolescence

text: others

text: such

text: as

text: teenage

text: pregnancy

text: through

text: non

text: use

text: or

text: failure

text: of

text: contraceptives

text: are

text: seen

text: as

text: social

text: problems

text: in

text: most

text: western

text: societies

text: One

text: in

text: four

text: sexually

text: active

text: teenagers

text: will

text: contract

text: an

text: STI

text: Adolescents

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: often

text: chose

text: anything

text: but

text: intercourse

text: for

text: sexual

text: activity

text: because

text: they

text: mistakenly

text: believe

text: it

text: reduces

text: the

text: risk

text: of

text: STIs

text: Across

text: the

text: country

text: clinicians

text: report

text: rising

text: diagnoses

text: of

text: herpes

text: and

text: human

text: papillomavirus

text: HPV

text: which

text: can

text: cause

text: genital

text: warts

text: and

text: is

text: now

text: thought

text: to

text: affect

text: percent

text: of

text: the

text: teen

text: population

text: Girls

text: to

text: have

text: higher

text: rates

text: of

text: gonorrhea

text: than

text: any

text: other

text: age

text: group

text: One

text: quarter

text: of

text: all

text: new

text: HIV

text: cases

text: occur

text: in

text: those

text: under

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: Multrine

text: also

text: states

text: in

text: her

text: article

text: that

text: according

text: to

text: a

text: March

text: survey

text: by

text: the

text: Kaiser

text: Family

text: Foundation

text: eighty

text: one

text: percent

text: of

text: parents

text: want

text: schools

text: to

text: discuss

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: condoms

text: and

text: contraception

text: with

text: their

text: children

text: They

text: also

text: believe

text: students

text: should

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: be

text: tested

text: for

text: STIs

text: Furthermore

text: teachers

text: want

text: to

text: address

text: such

text: topics

text: with

text: their

text: students

text: But

text: although

text: in

text: sex

text: education

text: instructors

text: across

text: the

text: country

text: believe

text: that

text: students

text: should

text: be

text: taught

text: about

text: contraceptives

text: in

text: school

text: over

text: one

text: quarter

text: report

text: receiving

text: explicit

text: instructions

text: from

text: school

text: boards

text: and

text: administrators

text: not

text: to

text: do

text: so

text: According

text: to

text: anthropologist

text: Margaret

text: Mead

text: the

text: turmoil

text: found

text: in

text: adolescence

text: in

text: Western

text: society

text: has

text: a

text: cultural

text: rather

text: than

text: a

text: physical

text: cause

text: they

text: reported

text: that

text: societies

text: where

text: young

text: women

text: engaged

text: in

text: free

text: sexual

text: activity

text: had

text: no

text: such

text: adolescent

text: turmoil

question: What percentage of sexually active teenagers will contract an STI?

answer: One in four

text: One in four

question: What percent of the teenage population is affected by herpes and HPV?

answer: 15

question: Girls ages 15 to 19 have higher rates of what STD than any other age group?

answer: gonorrhea

text: gonorrhea

question: What ratio of all new HIV cases occur in those under age 21?

answer: One-quarter

text: One-quarter

question: According to a survey by the Kaiser Family Foundation, what percentage of parents want schools to discuss contraception with their children?

answer: eighty-one percent

text: eighty-one percent


text: The Defence Committee—Third Report "Defence Equipment 2009" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memorandum to reprioritize the approvals process to focus on supporting current operations over the next three years; deterrence related programmes; those that reflect defence obligations both contractual or international; and those where production contracts are already signed. The report also cites concerns over potential cuts in the defence science and technology research budget; implications of inappropriate estimation of Defence Inflation within budgetary processes; underfunding in the Equipment Programme; and a general concern over striking the appropriate balance over a short-term focus (Current Operations) and long-term consequences of failure to invest in the delivery of future UK defence capabilities on future combatants and campaigns. The then Secretary of State for Defence, Bob Ainsworth MP, reinforced this reprioritisation of focus on current operations and had not ruled out "major shifts" in defence spending. In the same article the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, Royal Navy, acknowledged that there was not enough money within the defence budget and it is preparing itself for tough decisions and the potential for cutbacks. According to figures published by the London Evening Standard the defence budget for 2009 is "more than 10% overspent" (figures cannot be verified) and the paper states that this had caused Gordon Brown to say that the defence spending must be cut. The MoD has been investing in IT to cut costs and improve services for its personnel.

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)

title: Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom

text: The

text: Defence

text: Committee

text: Third

text: Report

text: Defence

text: Equipment

text: cites

text: an

text: article

text: from

text: the

text: Financial

text: Times

text: website

text: stating

text: that

text: the

text: Chief

text: of

text: Defence

text: Materiel

text: General

text: Sir

text: Kevin

text: O’Donoghue

text: had

text: instructed

text: staff

text: within

text: Defence

text: Equipment

text: and

text: Support

text: DE&S

text: through

text: an

text: internal

text: memorandum

text: to

text: reprioritize

text: the

text: approvals

text: process

text: to

text: focus

text: on

text: supporting

text: current

text: operations

text: over

text: the

text: next

text: three

text: years

text: deterrence

text: related

text: programmes

text: those

text: that

text: reflect

text: defence

text: obligations

text: both

text: contractual

text: or

text: international

text: and

text: those

text: where

text: production

text: contracts

text: are

text: already

text: signed

text: The

text: report

text: also

text: cites

text: concerns

text: over

text: potential

text: cuts

text: in

text: the

text: defence

text: science

text: and

text: technology

text: research

text: budget

text: implications

text: of

text: inappropriate

text: estimation

text: of

text: Defence

text: Inflation

text: within

text: budgetary

text: processes

text: underfunding

text: in

text: the

text: Equipment

text: Programme

text: and

text: a

text: general

text: concern

text: over

text: striking

text: the

text: appropriate

text: balance

text: over

text: a

text: short

text: term

text: focus

text: Current

text: Operations

text: and

text: long

text: term

text: consequences

text: of

text: failure

text: to

text: invest

text: in

text: the

text: delivery

text: of

text: future

text: UK

text: defence

text: capabilities

text: on

text: future

text: combatants

text: and

text: campaigns

text: The

text: then

text: Secretary

text: of

text: State

text: for

text: Defence

text: Bob

text: Ainsworth

text: MP

text: reinforced

text: this

text: reprioritisation

text: of

text: focus

text: on

text: current

text: operations

text: and

text: had

text: not

text: ruled

text: out

text: major

text: shifts

text: in

text: defence

text: spending

text: In

text: the

text: same

text: article

text: the

text: First

text: Sea

text: Lord

text: and

text: Chief

text: of

text: the

text: Naval

text: Staff

text: Admiral

text: Sir

text: Mark

text: Stanhope

text: Royal

text: Navy

text: acknowledged

text: that

text: there

text: was

text: not

text: enough

text: money

text: within

text: the

text: defence

text: budget

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: preparing

text: itself

text: for

text: tough

text: decisions

text: and

text: the

text: potential

text: for

text: cutbacks

text: According

text: to

text: figures

text: published

text: by

text: the

text: London

text: Evening

text: Standard

text: the

text: defence

text: budget

text: for

text: is

text: more

text: than

text: overspent

text: figures

text: can

text: not

text: be

text: verified

text: and

text: the

text: paper

text: states

text: that

text: this

text: had

text: caused

text: Gordon

text: Brown

text: to

text: say

text: that

text: the

text: defence

text: spending

text: must

text: be

text: cut

text: The

text: MoD

text: has

text: been

text: investing

text: in

text: IT

text: to

text: cut

text: costs

text: and

text: improve

text: services

text: for

text: its

text: personnel

question: Who was the Chief of Defence Materiel in 2009?

answer: General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue

text: General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue

question: Which department is overseen by the Chief of Defence Materiel?

answer: Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S)

text: Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S)

question: Which programme was mentioned as being underfunded?

answer: Equipment Programme

text: Equipment Programme

question: Who was the Secretary of State for Defence in 2009?

answer: Bob Ainsworth MP

text: Bob Ainsworth MP

question: Which publication said the 2009 defence budget was more than 10% overbudget?

answer: London Evening Standard

text: London Evening Standard

question: Who is the head of the London Evening Standard?

text: Bob Ainsworth

question: What did the MoD mention about the defence science and technology budget?

question: What has the Equipment Programme done with its budget in 2009 according to an internal memo?

text: more than 10% overspent"

question: What has the Equipment Programme been investing in to cut costs and improve personnel services?

text: IT

question: What did former Secretary of State for Defence Mark Stanhope not rule out for spending on personnel?

text: "major shifts"


title: Somerset

title: Somerset

text: Somerset

text: is

text: a

text: rural

text: county

text: of

text: rolling

text: hills

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Blackdown

text: Hills

text: Mendip

text: Hills

text: Quantock

text: Hills

text: and

text: Exmoor

text: National

text: Park

text: and

text: large

text: flat

text: expanses

text: of

text: land

text: including

text: the

text: Somerset

text: Levels

text: There

text: is

text: evidence

text: of

text: human

text: occupation

text: from

text: Paleolithic

text: times

text: and

text: of

text: subsequent

text: settlement

text: in

text: the

text: Roman

text: and

text: Anglo

text: Saxon

text: periods

text: The

text: county

text: played

text: a

text: significant

text: part

text: in

text: the

text: consolidation

text: of

text: power

text: and

text: rise

text: of

text: King

text: Alfred

text: the

text: Great

text: and

text: later

text: in

text: the

text: English

text: Civil

text: War

text: and

text: the

text: Monmouth

text: Rebellion

text: The

text: city

text: of

text: Bath

text: is

text: famous

text: for

text: its

text: substantial

text: Georgian

text: architecture

text: and

text: is

text: a

text: UNESCO

text: World

text: Heritage

text: Site

question: What type of region is somerset

answer: Somerset is a rural county of rolling hills

text: Somerset is a rural county of rolling hills

question: What are some areas of Somerset county

answer: Blackdown Hills, Mendip Hills, Quantock Hills and Exmoor National Park, and large flat expanses of land including the Somerset Levels

text: Blackdown Hills, Mendip Hills, Quantock Hills and Exmoor National Park, and large flat expanses of land including the Somerset Levels

question: How far back was the county populated

answer: There is evidence of human occupation from Paleolithic times, and of subsequent settlement in the Roman and Anglo-Saxon periods

text: There is evidence of human occupation from Paleolithic times, and of subsequent settlement in the Roman and Anglo-Saxon periods

question: What Kings rise did the county play part in

answer: a significant part in the consolidation of power and rise of King Alfred the Great, and later in the English Civil War and the Monmouth Rebellion

text: a significant part in the consolidation of power and rise of King Alfred the Great, and later in the English Civil War and the Monmouth Rebellion

question: What is the city of Bath famous for

answer: substantial Georgian architecture and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

text: substantial Georgian architecture and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site

question: In which county was the English Civil War primarily fought?

text: Somerset

question: Which county of England was King Alfred the Great born in?

text: Somerset

question: Where did the Monmouth Rebellion get its start?

text: Quantock Hills

question: Which county of England is an urban one on a flat plain?

text: Somerset

question: King Alfred the Great ruled over which civilization?

text: Roman


text: BYU alumni in academia include former Dean of the Harvard Business School Kim B. Clark, two time world's most influential business thinker Clayton M. Christensen, Michael K. Young '73, current president of the University of Washington, Matthew S. Holland, current president of Utah Valley University, Stan L. Albrecht, current president of Utah State University, Teppo Felin, Professor at the University of Oxford, and Stephen D. Nadauld, previous president of Dixie State University. The University also graduated Nobel Prize winner Paul D. Boyer, as well as Philo Farnsworth (inventor of the electronic television) and Harvey Fletcher (inventor of the hearing aid). Four of BYU's thirteen presidents were alumni of the University. Additionally, alumni of BYU who have served as business leaders include Citigroup CFO Gary Crittenden '76, former Dell CEO Kevin Rollins '84, Deseret Book CEO Sheri L. Dew, and Matthew K. McCauley, CEO of children's clothing company Gymboree.

title: Brigham_Young_University

title: Brigham_Young_University

text: BYU

text: alumni

text: in

text: academia

text: include

text: former

text: Dean

text: of

text: the

text: Harvard

text: Business

text: School

text: Kim

text: B.

text: Clark

text: two

text: time

text: world

text: 's

text: most

text: influential

text: business

text: thinker

text: Clayton

text: M.

text: Christensen

text: Michael

text: K.

text: Young

text: current

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Washington

text: Matthew

text: S.

text: Holland

text: current

text: president

text: of

text: Utah

text: Valley

text: University

text: Stan

text: L.

text: Albrecht

text: current

text: president

text: of

text: Utah

text: State

text: University

text: Teppo

text: Felin

text: Professor

text: at

text: the

text: University

text: of

text: Oxford

text: and

text: Stephen

text: D.

text: Nadauld

text: previous

text: president

text: of

text: Dixie

text: State

text: University

text: The

text: University

text: also

text: graduated

text: Nobel

text: Prize

text: winner

text: Paul

text: D.

text: Boyer

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: Philo

text: Farnsworth

text: inventor

text: of

text: the

text: electronic

text: television

text: and

text: Harvey

text: Fletcher

text: inventor

text: of

text: the

text: hearing

text: aid

text: Four

text: of

text: BYU

text: 's

text: thirteen

text: presidents

text: were

text: alumni

text: of

text: the

text: University

text: Additionally

text: alumni

text: of

text: BYU

text: who

text: have

text: served

text: as

text: business

text: leaders

text: include

text: Citigroup

text: CFO

text: Gary

text: Crittenden

text: former

text: Dell

text: CEO

text: Kevin

text: Rollins

text: Deseret

text: Book

text: CEO

text: Sheri

text: L.

text: Dew

text: and

text: Matthew

text: K.

text: McCauley

text: CEO

text: of

text: children

text: 's

text: clothing

text: company

text: Gymboree

question: What is former alumnus Paul D. Boyer known for being?

answer: Nobel Prize winner

text: Nobel Prize winner

question: What did former BYU graduate Harvey Fletcher invent?

answer: the hearing aid

text: the hearing aid

question: Which famous clothing company was BYU alumnus Matthew K. McCauley CEO of?

answer: Gymboree

text: Gymboree

question: What was BYU graduate Clayton M. Christensen known as?

answer: two time world's most influential business thinker

text: two time world's most influential business thinker

question: Which Nobel Prize winner graduated from BYU?

answer: Paul D. Boyer

text: Paul D. Boyer

question: What title did Kim B. Christensen have?

text: Dean of the Harvard Business School

question: What title does Michael K. Clark currently have?

question: Who is Matthew S. Young?

question: Who is Stan L. Holland?

question: Who is Teppo Albrecht?

text: Professor at the University of Oxford


text: Vacuum is useful in a variety of processes and devices. Its first widespread use was in the incandescent light bulb to protect the filament from chemical degradation. The chemical inertness produced by a vacuum is also useful for electron beam welding, cold welding, vacuum packing and vacuum frying. Ultra-high vacuum is used in the study of atomically clean substrates, as only a very good vacuum preserves atomic-scale clean surfaces for a reasonably long time (on the order of minutes to days). High to ultra-high vacuum removes the obstruction of air, allowing particle beams to deposit or remove materials without contamination. This is the principle behind chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, and dry etching which are essential to the fabrication of semiconductors and optical coatings, and to surface science. The reduction of convection provides the thermal insulation of thermos bottles. Deep vacuum lowers the boiling point of liquids and promotes low temperature outgassing which is used in freeze drying, adhesive preparation, distillation, metallurgy, and process purging. The electrical properties of vacuum make electron microscopes and vacuum tubes possible, including cathode ray tubes. The elimination of air friction is useful for flywheel energy storage and ultracentrifuges.

title: Vacuum

title: Vacuum

text: Vacuum

text: is

text: useful

text: in

text: a

text: variety

text: of

text: processes

text: and

text: devices

text: Its

text: first

text: widespread

text: use

text: was

text: in

text: the

text: incandescent

text: light

text: bulb

text: to

text: protect

text: the

text: filament

text: from

text: chemical

text: degradation

text: The

text: chemical

text: inertness

text: produced

text: by

text: a

text: vacuum

text: is

text: also

text: useful

text: for

text: electron

text: beam

text: welding

text: cold

text: welding

text: vacuum

text: packing

text: and

text: vacuum

text: frying

text: Ultra

text: high

text: vacuum

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: the

text: study

text: of

text: atomically

text: clean

text: substrates

text: as

text: only

text: a

text: very

text: good

text: vacuum

text: preserves

text: atomic

text: scale

text: clean

text: surfaces

text: for

text: a

text: reasonably

text: long

text: time

text: on

text: the

text: order

text: of

text: minutes

text: to

text: days

text: High

text: to

text: ultra

text: high

text: vacuum

text: removes

text: the

text: obstruction

text: of

text: air

text: allowing

text: particle

text: beams

text: to

text: deposit

text: or

text: remove

text: materials

text: without

text: contamination

text: This

text: is

text: the

text: principle

text: behind

text: chemical

text: vapor

text: deposition

text: physical

text: vapor

text: deposition

text: and

text: dry

text: etching

text: which

text: are

text: essential

text: to

text: the

text: fabrication

text: of

text: semiconductors

text: and

text: optical

text: coatings

text: and

text: to

text: surface

text: science

text: The

text: reduction

text: of

text: convection

text: provides

text: the

text: thermal

text: insulation

text: of

text: thermos

text: bottles

text: Deep

text: vacuum

text: lowers

text: the

text: boiling

text: point

text: of

text: liquids

text: and

text: promotes

text: low

text: temperature

text: outgassing

text: which

text: is

text: used

text: in

text: freeze

text: drying

text: adhesive

text: preparation

text: distillation

text: metallurgy

text: and

text: process

text: purging

text: The

text: electrical

text: properties

text: of

text: vacuum

text: make

text: electron

text: microscopes

text: and

text: vacuum

text: tubes

text: possible

text: including

text: cathode

text: ray

text: tubes

text: The

text: elimination

text: of

text: air

text: friction

text: is

text: useful

text: for

text: flywheel

text: energy

text: storage

text: and

text: ultracentrifuges

question: What was the object to use first in widespread manner process of vacuum?

answer: incandescent light bulb

text: incandescent light bulb

question: What is produced by a vacuum and used in electron beam welding and vacuum frying?

answer: chemical inertness

text: chemical inertness

question: Hight to ultra-high vacuums removes what obstruction?

answer: obstruction of air,

text: obstruction of air,

question: How does freeze drying, distillation and metallurgy benefit from a deep vacuum?

answer: Deep vacuum lowers the boiling point of liquids and promotes low temperature outgassing

text: Deep vacuum lowers the boiling point of liquids and promotes low temperature outgassing

question: What are two things made possible by the electrical properties of vacuum?

answer: electron microscopes and vacuum tubes

text: electron microscopes and vacuum tubes

question: What three things are light bulbs useful for?

question: What are lightbulbs used to study?

text: atomically clean substrates

question: What do lightbulbs allow particle beams to do without contamination?

text: deposit or remove materials

question: What method of preserving food is dependant on using lightbulbs?

text: freeze drying

question: What are lightbulbs able to lower the boiling point of?

text: liquids


text: In 1945, the British entrepreneur J. Arthur Rank, hoping to expand his American presence, bought into a four-way merger with Universal, the independent company International Pictures, and producer Kenneth Young. The new combine, United World Pictures, was a failure and was dissolved within one year. Rank and International remained interested in Universal, however, culminating in the studio's reorganization as Universal-International. William Goetz, a founder of International, was made head of production at the renamed Universal-International Pictures Inc., which also served as an import-export subsidiary, and copyright holder for the production arm's films. Goetz, a son-in-law of Louis B. Mayer decided to bring "prestige" to the new company. He stopped the studio's low-budget production of B movies, serials and curtailed Universal's horror and "Arabian Nights" cycles. Distribution and copyright control remained under the name of Universal Pictures Company Inc.

title: Universal_Studios

title: Universal_Studios

text: In

text: the

text: British

text: entrepreneur

text: J.

text: Arthur

text: Rank

text: hoping

text: to

text: expand

text: his

text: American

text: presence

text: bought

text: into

text: a

text: four

text: way

text: merger

text: with

text: Universal

text: the

text: independent

text: company

text: International

text: Pictures

text: and

text: producer

text: Kenneth

text: Young

text: The

text: new

text: combine

text: United

text: World

text: Pictures

text: was

text: a

text: failure

text: and

text: was

text: dissolved

text: within

text: one

text: year

text: Rank

text: and

text: International

text: remained

text: interested

text: in

text: Universal

text: however

text: culminating

text: in

text: the

text: studio

text: 's

text: reorganization

text: as

text: Universal

text: International

text: William

text: Goetz

text: a

text: founder

text: of

text: International

text: was

text: made

text: head

text: of

text: production

text: at

text: the

text: renamed

text: Universal

text: International

text: Pictures

text: Inc.

text: which

text: also

text: served

text: as

text: an

text: import

text: export

text: subsidiary

text: and

text: copyright

text: holder

text: for

text: the

text: production

text: arm

text: 's

text: films

text: Goetz

text: a

text: son

text: in

text: law

text: of

text: Louis

text: B.

text: Mayer

text: decided

text: to

text: bring

text: prestige

text: to

text: the

text: new

text: company

text: He

text: stopped

text: the

text: studio

text: 's

text: low

text: budget

text: production

text: of

text: B

text: movies

text: serials

text: and

text: curtailed

text: Universal

text: 's

text: horror

text: and

text: Arabian

text: Nights

text: cycles

text: Distribution

text: and

text: copyright

text: control

text: remained

text: under

text: the

text: name

text: of

text: Universal

text: Pictures

text: Company

text: Inc.

question: In what year was United World Pictures founded?

answer: 1945

question: What producer was involved in the founding of United World Pictures?

answer: Kenneth Young

text: Kenneth Young

question: How long did United World Pictures last?

answer: one year

text: one year

question: Who was the head of production at Universal-International Pictures?

answer: William Goetz

text: William Goetz

question: Who was William Goetz's father-in-law?

answer: Louis B. Mayer

text: Louis B. Mayer

question: Who bought into a four-way merger with Universal in 1954?

text: J. Arthur Rank

question: When did Arthur J. Rank buy into a four-way merger?

question: What combine did Kenneth Young found?

text: United World Pictures,

question: What position was given to William Mayer?

text: head of production

question: What did Louis B. Goetz rename United World Pictures as?

text: Universal Pictures Company Inc.


text: Armenia established a Church that still exists independently of both the Catholic and the Eastern Orthodox churches, having become so in 451 AD as a result of its stance regarding the Council of Chalcedon. Today this church is known as the Armenian Apostolic Church, which is a part of the Oriental Orthodox communion, not to be confused with the Eastern Orthodox communion. During its later political eclipses, Armenia depended on the church to preserve and protect its unique identity. The original location of the Armenian Catholicosate is Echmiadzin. However, the continuous upheavals, which characterized the political scenes of Armenia, made the political power move to safer places. The Church center moved as well to different locations together with the political authority. Therefore, it eventually moved to Cilicia as the Holy See of Cilicia.

title: Armenians

title: Armenians

text: Armenia

text: established

text: a

text: Church

text: that

text: still

text: exists

text: independently

text: of

text: both

text: the

text: Catholic

text: and

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Orthodox

text: churches

text: having

text: become

text: so

text: in

text: AD

text: as

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: its

text: stance

text: regarding

text: the

text: Council

text: of

text: Chalcedon

text: Today

text: this

text: church

text: is

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Armenian

text: Apostolic

text: Church

text: which

text: is

text: a

text: part

text: of

text: the

text: Oriental

text: Orthodox

text: communion

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: confused

text: with

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Orthodox

text: communion

text: During

text: its

text: later

text: political

text: eclipses

text: Armenia

text: depended

text: on

text: the

text: church

text: to

text: preserve

text: and

text: protect

text: its

text: unique

text: identity

text: The

text: original

text: location

text: of

text: the

text: Armenian

text: Catholicosate

text: is

text: Echmiadzin

text: However

text: the

text: continuous

text: upheavals

text: which

text: characterized

text: the

text: political

text: scenes

text: of

text: Armenia

text: made

text: the

text: political

text: power

text: move

text: to

text: safer

text: places

text: The

text: Church

text: center

text: moved

text: as

text: well

text: to

text: different

text: locations

text: together

text: with

text: the

text: political

text: authority

text: Therefore

text: it

text: eventually

text: moved

text: to

text: Cilicia

text: as

text: the

text: Holy

text: See

text: of

text: Cilicia

question: When did Armenia's church become independent?

answer: 451 AD

text: 451 AD

question: What is Armenia's church called?

answer: Armenian Apostolic Church

text: Armenian Apostolic Church

question: What type of Catholicism is Armenia's church part of?

answer: Oriental Orthodox

text: Oriental Orthodox

question: Where was the Armenian Catholicosate located at first?

answer: Echmiadzin

text: Echmiadzin

question: Where did the Armenian Catholicosate move to?

answer: Cilicia

text: Cilicia

question: When did the Echmiadzin church gain independence?

text: 451 AD

question: Why did the Echmiadzin church become independent?

question: What church is part of the Eastern Orthodox communion?

text: the Armenian Apostolic Church

question: What did the Council of Chalcedon depend on the church to do?

question: Where did Echmiadzin move to because it was safer?

text: Cilicia


text: The console was originally planned for a global release through November, but at the start of September the release in Europe and the rest of the world was delayed until March. With it being a somewhat last-minute delay, some companies had taken deposits for pre-orders, at which Sony informed customers that they were eligible for full refunds or could continue the pre-order. On January 24, 2007, Sony announced that PlayStation 3 would go on sale on March 23, 2007, in Europe, Australia, the Middle East, Africa and New Zealand. The system sold about 600,000 units in its first two days. On March 7, 2007, the 60 GB PlayStation 3 launched in Singapore with a price of S$799. The console was launched in South Korea on June 16, 2007, as a single version equipped with an 80 GB hard drive and IPTV.

title: PlayStation_3

title: PlayStation_3

text: The

text: console

text: was

text: originally

text: planned

text: for

text: a

text: global

text: release

text: through

text: November

text: but

text: at

text: the

text: start

text: of

text: September

text: the

text: release

text: in

text: Europe

text: and

text: the

text: rest

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: was

text: delayed

text: until

text: March

text: With

text: it

text: being

text: a

text: somewhat

text: last

text: minute

text: delay

text: some

text: companies

text: had

text: taken

text: deposits

text: for

text: pre

text: orders

text: at

text: which

text: Sony

text: informed

text: customers

text: that

text: they

text: were

text: eligible

text: for

text: full

text: refunds

text: or

text: could

text: continue

text: the

text: pre

text: order

text: On

text: January

text: Sony

text: announced

text: that

text: PlayStation

text: would

text: go

text: on

text: sale

text: on

text: March

text: in

text: Europe

text: Australia

text: the

text: Middle

text: East

text: Africa

text: and

text: New

text: Zealand

text: The

text: system

text: sold

text: about

text: units

text: in

text: its

text: first

text: two

text: days

text: On

text: March

text: the

text: GB

text: PlayStation

text: launched

text: in

text: Singapore

text: with

text: a

text: price

text: of

text: The

text: console

text: was

text: launched

text: in

text: South

text: Korea

text: on

text: June

text: as

text: a

text: single

text: version

text: equipped

text: with

text: an

text: GB

text: hard

text: drive

text: and

text: IPTV

question: Instead of November, for what month of the following year was the release rescheduled?

answer: March

text: March

question: What country had to wait until June of 2007 for their PS3?

answer: South Korea

text: South Korea

question: How big was the hard drive in the single South Korean version?

answer: 80 GB

text: 80 GB

question: What did customers in Singapore pay for the 60 GB PS3?

answer: S$799

question: On what date did the PlayStation 3 go on sale in Africa?

answer: March 23, 2007

text: March 23, 2007

question: What system sold about 6,000,000 units in its first two days?

text: PlayStation 3

question: The 80 GB PS3 launched in Singapore when?

text: March 7, 2007

question: What was the price of the 80 GB PS3 launched in Singapore?

question: When was the 60 GB PS3 launched in South Korea?

text: June 16, 2007

question: Instead of October, for what month of the following year was the release rescheduled?

text: March

question: What country had to wait until June of 2008 for their PS3?

text: South Korea

question: How big was the hard drive in the single North Korean version?

text: 80 GB

question: What did customers in Singapore pay for the 60 GB PS2?

question: On what date did the PlayStation 2 go on sale in Africa?

text: March 23, 2007


text: The lateral cut NAB curve was remarkably similar to the NBC Orthacoustic curve that evolved from practices within the National Broadcasting Company since the mid-1930s. Empirically, and not by any formula, it was learned that the bass end of the audio spectrum below 100 Hz could be boosted somewhat to override system hum and turntable rumble noises. Likewise at the treble end beginning at 1,000 Hz, if audio frequencies were boosted by 16 dB at 10,000 Hz the delicate sibilant sounds of speech and high overtones of musical instruments could survive the noise level of cellulose acetate, lacquer/aluminum, and vinyl disc media. When the record was played back using a complementary inverse curve, signal-to-noise ratio was improved and the programming sounded more lifelike.

title: Gramophone_record

title: Gramophone_record

text: The

text: lateral

text: cut

text: NAB

text: curve

text: was

text: remarkably

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: NBC

text: Orthacoustic

text: curve

text: that

text: evolved

text: from

text: practices

text: within

text: the

text: National

text: Broadcasting

text: Company

text: since

text: the

text: Empirically

text: and

text: not

text: by

text: any

text: formula

text: it

text: was

text: learned

text: that

text: the

text: bass

text: end

text: of

text: the

text: audio

text: spectrum

text: below

text: Hz

text: could

text: be

text: boosted

text: somewhat

text: to

text: override

text: system

text: hum

text: and

text: turntable

text: rumble

text: noises

text: Likewise

text: at

text: the

text: treble

text: end

text: beginning

text: at

text: Hz

text: if

text: audio

text: frequencies

text: were

text: boosted

text: by

text: dB

text: at

text: Hz

text: the

text: delicate

text: sibilant

text: sounds

text: of

text: speech

text: and

text: high

text: overtones

text: of

text: musical

text: instruments

text: could

text: survive

text: the

text: noise

text: level

text: of

text: cellulose

text: acetate

text: lacquer

text: aluminum

text: and

text: vinyl

text: disc

text: media

text: When

text: the

text: record

text: was

text: played

text: back

text: using

text: a

text: complementary

text: inverse

text: curve

text: signal

text: to

text: noise

text: ratio

text: was

text: improved

text: and

text: the

text: programming

text: sounded

text: more

text: lifelike

question: What was a benefit to broadcasters of recording standards?

answer: programming sounded more lifelike.

text: programming sounded more lifelike.

question: How did the NBC Othacoustic curve relate to the NAB curve?

answer: remarkably similar

text: remarkably similar

question: What bass settings were needed to eliminate hum?

answer: below 100 Hz

text: below 100 Hz

question: What helped cause the most life like sound?

answer: using a complementary inverse curve

text: using a complementary inverse curve


text: DNA transposons generally move by "cut and paste" in the genome, but duplication has also been observed. Class 2 TEs do not use RNA as intermediate and are popular in bacteria, in metazoan it has also been found.

title: Genome

title: Genome

text: DNA

text: transposons

text: generally

text: move

text: by

text: cut

text: and

text: paste

text: in

text: the

text: genome

text: but

text: duplication

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: observed

text: Class

text: TEs

text: do

text: not

text: use

text: RNA

text: as

text: intermediate

text: and

text: are

text: popular

text: in

text: bacteria

text: in

text: metazoan

text: it

text: has

text: also

text: been

text: found

question: What is a term that can describe how DNA transposons move?

answer: cut and paste

text: cut and paste

question: DNA transposons do not use which genetic material used by Class 1 TEs?

answer: RNA

text: RNA

question: What term describes how duplication happens in the genome?

text: "cut and paste"

question: What do genome not use as intermediate?

text: RNA

question: What helps metozoan move?

text: "cut and paste"

question: In what organism is duplication popular?

text: bacteria

question: What does cut and paste help metazoan do?

text: move


text: On 4 December 2007 an outbreak of an acute virus-induced flu was reported. This outbreak was compounded by Tristan's lack of suitable and sufficient medical supplies.

title: Tristan_da_Cunha

title: Tristan_da_Cunha

text: On

text: December

text: an

text: outbreak

text: of

text: an

text: acute

text: virus

text: induced

text: flu

text: was

text: reported

text: This

text: outbreak

text: was

text: compounded

text: by

text: Tristan

text: 's

text: lack

text: of

text: suitable

text: and

text: sufficient

text: medical

text: supplies

question: what year was a virus induced flu reported?

answer: 2007

question: What was reported on December 20, 2004?

text: acute virus-induced flu

question: When was there an outbreak of acute virus-induced flu on the moon?

text: 4 December 2007

question: What was in abundance on the island of Tristan?

text: medical supplies

question: When did the medical supply outbreak occur?

text: 4 December 2007

question: When did the Tristan outbreak hit the islands?

text: 4 December 2007


text: Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy, derived features of and episodes about Bolgia from Arabic works on Islamic eschatology: the Hadith and the Kitab al-Miraj (translated into Latin in 1264 or shortly before as Liber Scale Machometi) concerning the ascension to Heaven of Muhammad, and the spiritual writings of Ibn Arabi. The Moors also had a noticeable influence on the works of George Peele and William Shakespeare. Some of their works featured Moorish characters, such as Peele's The Battle of Alcazar and Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice, Titus Andronicus and Othello, which featured a Moorish Othello as its title character. These works are said to have been inspired by several Moorish delegations from Morocco to Elizabethan England at the beginning of the 17th century.

title: Muslim_world

title: Muslim_world

text: Dante

text: Alighieri

text: 's

text: Divine

text: Comedy

text: derived

text: features

text: of

text: and

text: episodes

text: about

text: Bolgia

text: from

text: Arabic

text: works

text: on

text: Islamic

text: eschatology

text: the

text: Hadith

text: and

text: the

text: Kitab

text: al

text: Miraj

text: translated

text: into

text: Latin

text: in

text: or

text: shortly

text: before

text: as

text: Liber

text: Scale

text: Machometi

text: concerning

text: the

text: ascension

text: to

text: Heaven

text: of

text: Muhammad

text: and

text: the

text: spiritual

text: writings

text: of

text: Ibn

text: Arabi

text: The

text: Moors

text: also

text: had

text: a

text: noticeable

text: influence

text: on

text: the

text: works

text: of

text: George

text: Peele

text: and

text: William

text: Shakespeare

text: Some

text: of

text: their

text: works

text: featured

text: Moorish

text: characters

text: such

text: as

text: Peele

text: 's

text: The

text: Battle

text: of

text: Alcazar

text: and

text: Shakespeare

text: 's

text: The

text: Merchant

text: of

text: Venice

text: Titus

text: Andronicus

text: and

text: Othello

text: which

text: featured

text: a

text: Moorish

text: Othello

text: as

text: its

text: title

text: character

text: These

text: works

text: are

text: said

text: to

text: have

text: been

text: inspired

text: by

text: several

text: Moorish

text: delegations

text: from

text: Morocco

text: to

text: Elizabethan

text: England

text: at

text: the

text: beginning

text: of

text: the

text: century

question: In what year was Kitab al-Miraj likely translated into Latin?

answer: in 1264 or shortly before

text: in 1264 or shortly before

question: Who wrote the Divine Comedy?

answer: Dante Alighieri

text: Dante Alighieri

question: Which works by Shakespeare is believed to be inspired by The Moors?

answer: Merchant of Venice, Titus Andronicus and Othello

text: Merchant of Venice, Titus Andronicus and Othello

question: In what century is it believed that delegations of Moors began to influence western works by the likes of Shakespeare?

answer: 17th century

text: 17th century

question: What aspects from Islamic works did the Divine Comedy feature?

answer: episodes about Bolgia from Arabic works on Islamic eschatology

text: episodes about Bolgia from Arabic works on Islamic eschatology

question: What was translated to Latin in the 12th century?

text: Kitab al-Miraj

question: Whose works influenced the Moors?

text: George Peele and William Shakespeare

question: Who visited Elizabethan England in the 1700's?

question: Whose works featured Arabian Characters?

text: George Peele and William Shakespeare


text: On September 15, 2007, Witon Barry (of the Tobolar Copra processing plant in the Marshall Islands capital of Majuro) said power authorities, private companies, and entrepreneurs had been experimenting with coconut oil as alternative to diesel fuel for vehicles, power generators, and ships. Coconut trees abound in the Pacific's tropical islands. Copra, the meat of the coconut, yields coconut oil (1 liter for every 6 to 10 coconuts). In 2009, a 57 kW solar power plant was installed, the largest in the Pacific at the time, including New Zealand. It is estimated that 330 kW of solar and 450 kW of wind power would be required to make the College of the Marshall Islands energy self-sufficient. Marshalls Energy Company (MEC), a government entity, provides the islands with electricity. In 2008, 420 solar home systems of 200 Wp each were installed on Ailinglaplap Atoll, sufficient for limited electricity use.

title: Marshall_Islands

title: Marshall_Islands

text: On

text: September

text: Witon

text: Barry

text: of

text: the

text: Tobolar

text: Copra

text: processing

text: plant

text: in

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: capital

text: of

text: Majuro

text: said

text: power

text: authorities

text: private

text: companies

text: and

text: entrepreneurs

text: had

text: been

text: experimenting

text: with

text: coconut

text: oil

text: as

text: alternative

text: to

text: diesel

text: fuel

text: for

text: vehicles

text: power

text: generators

text: and

text: ships

text: Coconut

text: trees

text: abound

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: 's

text: tropical

text: islands

text: Copra

text: the

text: meat

text: of

text: the

text: coconut

text: yields

text: coconut

text: oil

text: liter

text: for

text: every

text: to

text: coconuts

text: In

text: a

text: kW

text: solar

text: power

text: plant

text: was

text: installed

text: the

text: largest

text: in

text: the

text: Pacific

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: including

text: New

text: Zealand

text: It

text: is

text: estimated

text: that

text: kW

text: of

text: solar

text: and

text: kW

text: of

text: wind

text: power

text: would

text: be

text: required

text: to

text: make

text: the

text: College

text: of

text: the

text: Marshall

text: Islands

text: energy

text: self

text: sufficient

text: Marshalls

text: Energy

text: Company

text: MEC

text: a

text: government

text: entity

text: provides

text: the

text: islands

text: with

text: electricity

text: In

text: solar

text: home

text: systems

text: of

text: Wp

text: each

text: were

text: installed

text: on

text: Ailinglaplap

text: Atoll

text: sufficient

text: for

text: limited

text: electricity

text: use

question: Who did Witon Barry work for?

answer: the Tobolar Copra processing plant

text: the Tobolar Copra processing plant

question: Where was the Tobolar Copra plant located?

answer: Majuro

text: Majuro

question: What is copra?

answer: the meat of the coconut

text: the meat of the coconut

question: How many coconuts are required to produce 1 liter of coconut oil?

answer: 6 to 10

text: 6 to 10

question: How many kilowatts of power are produced by the solar plant built in 2009?

answer: 57


text: By the spring of 49 BC, the hardened legions of Caesar crossed the river Rubicon, the legal boundary of Roman Italy beyond which no commander might bring his army, and swept down the Italian peninsula towards Rome, while Pompey ordered the abandonment of Rome. Afterwards Caesar turned his attention to the Pompeian stronghold of Hispania (modern Spain) but decided to tackle Pompey himself in Greece. Pompey initially defeated Caesar, but failed to follow up on the victory, and was decisively defeated at the Battle of Pharsalus in 48 BC, despite outnumbering Caesar's forces two to one, albeit with inferior quality troops. Pompey fled again, this time to Egypt, where he was murdered.

title: Roman_Republic

title: Roman_Republic

text: By

text: the

text: spring

text: of

text: BC

text: the

text: hardened

text: legions

text: of

text: Caesar

text: crossed

text: the

text: river

text: Rubicon

text: the

text: legal

text: boundary

text: of

text: Roman

text: Italy

text: beyond

text: which

text: no

text: commander

text: might

text: bring

text: his

text: army

text: and

text: swept

text: down

text: the

text: Italian

text: peninsula

text: towards

text: Rome

text: while

text: Pompey

text: ordered

text: the

text: abandonment

text: of

text: Rome

text: Afterwards

text: Caesar

text: turned

text: his

text: attention

text: to

text: the

text: Pompeian

text: stronghold

text: of

text: Hispania

text: modern

text: Spain

text: but

text: decided

text: to

text: tackle

text: Pompey

text: himself

text: in

text: Greece

text: Pompey

text: initially

text: defeated

text: Caesar

text: but

text: failed

text: to

text: follow

text: up

text: on

text: the

text: victory

text: and

text: was

text: decisively

text: defeated

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Pharsalus

text: in

text: BC

text: despite

text: outnumbering

text: Caesar

text: 's

text: forces

text: two

text: to

text: one

text: albeit

text: with

text: inferior

text: quality

text: troops

text: Pompey

text: fled

text: again

text: this

text: time

text: to

text: Egypt

text: where

text: he

text: was

text: murdered

question: During what year did Caesar's armies cross the river Rubicon?

answer: 49 BC

text: 49 BC

question: Who would be seen as having been defeated in the Battle of Pharsalus?

answer: Pompey

text: Pompey

question: In which year did The Battle of Pharsalus take place?

answer: 48 BC

text: 48 BC

question: In what country did Pompey die in?

answer: Egypt

text: Egypt

question: Who decided to attack Pompey in Greece?

answer: Caesar

text: Caesar


text: The Partisan Prohibitions were repealed during the Yellow Turban Rebellion and Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion in 184 AD, largely because the court did not want to continue to alienate a significant portion of the gentry class who might otherwise join the rebellions. The Yellow Turbans and Five-Pecks-of-Rice adherents belonged to two different hierarchical Daoist religious societies led by faith healers Zhang Jue (d. 184 AD) and Zhang Lu (d. 216 AD), respectively. Zhang Lu's rebellion, in modern northern Sichuan and southern Shaanxi, was not quelled until 215 AD. Zhang Jue's massive rebellion across eight provinces was annihilated by Han forces within a year, however the following decades saw much smaller recurrent uprisings. Although the Yellow Turbans were defeated, many generals appointed during the crisis never disbanded their assembled militia forces and used these troops to amass power outside of the collapsing imperial authority.

title: Han_dynasty

title: Han_dynasty

text: The

text: Partisan

text: Prohibitions

text: were

text: repealed

text: during

text: the

text: Yellow

text: Turban

text: Rebellion

text: and

text: Five

text: Pecks

text: of

text: Rice

text: Rebellion

text: in

text: AD

text: largely

text: because

text: the

text: court

text: did

text: not

text: want

text: to

text: continue

text: to

text: alienate

text: a

text: significant

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: gentry

text: class

text: who

text: might

text: otherwise

text: join

text: the

text: rebellions

text: The

text: Yellow

text: Turbans

text: and

text: Five

text: Pecks

text: of

text: Rice

text: adherents

text: belonged

text: to

text: two

text: different

text: hierarchical

text: Daoist

text: religious

text: societies

text: led

text: by

text: faith

text: healers

text: Zhang

text: Jue

text: d.

text: AD

text: and

text: Zhang

text: Lu

text: d.

text: AD

text: respectively

text: Zhang

text: Lu

text: 's

text: rebellion

text: in

text: modern

text: northern

text: Sichuan

text: and

text: southern

text: Shaanxi

text: was

text: not

text: quelled

text: until

text: AD

text: Zhang

text: Jue

text: 's

text: massive

text: rebellion

text: across

text: eight

text: provinces

text: was

text: annihilated

text: by

text: Han

text: forces

text: within

text: a

text: year

text: however

text: the

text: following

text: decades

text: saw

text: much

text: smaller

text: recurrent

text: uprisings

text: Although

text: the

text: Yellow

text: Turbans

text: were

text: defeated

text: many

text: generals

text: appointed

text: during

text: the

text: crisis

text: never

text: disbanded

text: their

text: assembled

text: militia

text: forces

text: and

text: used

text: these

text: troops

text: to

text: amass

text: power

text: outside

text: of

text: the

text: collapsing

text: imperial

text: authority

question: In what year did the Partisan Prohibitions end?

answer: 184 AD

text: 184 AD

question: In what year did Zhang Lu's rebellion end?

answer: 215 AD

text: 215 AD

question: How many provinces did Zhang Jue's rebellion take place in?

answer: eight

text: eight

question: What type of healer was Zhang Jue?

answer: faith

text: faith

question: What religion did Zhang Jue practice?

answer: Daoist

text: Daoist