text: The RIBA has three parts to the education process: Part I which is generally a three-year first degree, a year-out of at least one year work experience in an architectural practice precedes the Part II which is generally a two-year post graduate diploma or masters. A further year out must be taken before the RIBA Part III professional exams can be taken. Overall it takes a minimum of seven years before an architecture student can seek chartered status.

title: Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

title: Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

text: The

text: RIBA

text: has

text: three

text: parts

text: to

text: the

text: education

text: process

text: Part

text: I

text: which

text: is

text: generally

text: a

text: three

text: year

text: first

text: degree

text: a

text: year

text: out

text: of

text: at

text: least

text: one

text: year

text: work

text: experience

text: in

text: an

text: architectural

text: practice

text: precedes

text: the

text: Part

text: II

text: which

text: is

text: generally

text: a

text: two

text: year

text: post

text: graduate

text: diploma

text: or

text: masters

text: A

text: further

text: year

text: out

text: must

text: be

text: taken

text: before

text: the

text: RIBA

text: Part

text: III

text: professional

text: exams

text: can

text: be

text: taken

text: Overall

text: it

text: takes

text: a

text: minimum

text: of

text: seven

text: years

text: before

text: an

text: architecture

text: student

text: can

text: seek

text: chartered

text: status

question: What is the first step in the Royal Institute's guidelines for education?

answer: three-year first degree

text: three-year first degree

question: What is required by the second stage in the education provisions set out by RIBA?

answer: a two-year post graduate diploma or masters

text: a two-year post graduate diploma or masters

question: What does the third part of the Royal Institute's educational process contain?

answer: professional exams

text: professional exams

question: How long does it take, at the least, for a student to be eligible for the title of Chartered?

answer: seven years

text: seven years

question: What occurs between the second and third parts of the education process prescribed by the Royal Institute?

answer: A further year out

text: A further year out

question: What is the first step not used in the Royal Institute's guidelines for education?

text: three-year first degree

question: What is not required by the second stage in the education provisions set out by RIBA?

question: What does the third part of the Royal Institute's educational process omit?

text: professional exams

question: How long does it take, at most, for a student to be eligible for the title of Chartered?

text: seven years


text: The bipolar transistor was invented in 1947. From 1955 onwards transistors replaced vacuum tubes in computer designs, giving rise to the "second generation" of computers. Compared to vacuum tubes, transistors have many advantages: they are smaller, and require less power than vacuum tubes, so give off less heat. Silicon junction transistors were much more reliable than vacuum tubes and had longer, indefinite, service life. Transistorized computers could contain tens of thousands of binary logic circuits in a relatively compact space.

title: Computer

title: Computer

text: The

text: bipolar

text: transistor

text: was

text: invented

text: in

text: From

text: onwards

text: transistors

text: replaced

text: vacuum

text: tubes

text: in

text: computer

text: designs

text: giving

text: rise

text: to

text: the

text: second

text: generation

text: of

text: computers

text: Compared

text: to

text: vacuum

text: tubes

text: transistors

text: have

text: many

text: advantages

text: they

text: are

text: smaller

text: and

text: require

text: less

text: power

text: than

text: vacuum

text: tubes

text: so

text: give

text: off

text: less

text: heat

text: Silicon

text: junction

text: transistors

text: were

text: much

text: more

text: reliable

text: than

text: vacuum

text: tubes

text: and

text: had

text: longer

text: indefinite

text: service

text: life

text: Transistorized

text: computers

text: could

text: contain

text: tens

text: of

text: thousands

text: of

text: binary

text: logic

text: circuits

text: in

text: a

text: relatively

text: compact

text: space

question: When was the bipolar transistor created?

answer: 1947.

question: When did transistors start replacing vacuum tubes in computers?

answer: 1955


text: Innate bisexuality is an idea introduced by Sigmund Freud. According to this theory, all humans are born bisexual in a very broad sense of the term, that of incorporating general aspects of both sexes. In Freud's view, this was true anatomically and therefore also psychologically, with sexual attraction to both sexes being one part of this psychological bisexuality. Freud believed that in the course of sexual development the masculine side would normally become dominant in men and the feminine side in women, but that as adults everyone still has desires derived from both the masculine and the feminine sides of their natures. Freud did not claim that everyone is bisexual in the sense of feeling the same level of sexual attraction to both genders.

title: Sexual_orientation

title: Sexual_orientation

text: Innate

text: bisexuality

text: is

text: an

text: idea

text: introduced

text: by

text: Sigmund

text: Freud

text: According

text: to

text: this

text: theory

text: all

text: humans

text: are

text: born

text: bisexual

text: in

text: a

text: very

text: broad

text: sense

text: of

text: the

text: term

text: that

text: of

text: incorporating

text: general

text: aspects

text: of

text: both

text: sexes

text: In

text: Freud

text: 's

text: view

text: this

text: was

text: true

text: anatomically

text: and

text: therefore

text: also

text: psychologically

text: with

text: sexual

text: attraction

text: to

text: both

text: sexes

text: being

text: one

text: part

text: of

text: this

text: psychological

text: bisexuality

text: Freud

text: believed

text: that

text: in

text: the

text: course

text: of

text: sexual

text: development

text: the

text: masculine

text: side

text: would

text: normally

text: become

text: dominant

text: in

text: men

text: and

text: the

text: feminine

text: side

text: in

text: women

text: but

text: that

text: as

text: adults

text: everyone

text: still

text: has

text: desires

text: derived

text: from

text: both

text: the

text: masculine

text: and

text: the

text: feminine

text: sides

text: of

text: their

text: natures

text: Freud

text: did

text: not

text: claim

text: that

text: everyone

text: is

text: bisexual

text: in

text: the

text: sense

text: of

text: feeling

text: the

text: same

text: level

text: of

text: sexual

text: attraction

text: to

text: both

text: genders

question: What idea did Sigmund Freud bring to the table?

answer: Innate bisexuality

text: Innate bisexuality

question: What does Sigmunds idea theorize?

answer: all humans are born bisexual

text: all humans are born bisexual

question: Why did SIgmund believe all humans are born bisexual?

answer: this was true anatomically and therefore also psychologically, with sexual attraction to both sexes being one part of this psychological bisexuality

text: this was true anatomically and therefore also psychologically, with sexual attraction to both sexes being one part of this psychological bisexuality

question: What does Sigmund believe we all as adults desire?

answer: both the masculine and the feminine sides of their natures

text: both the masculine and the feminine sides of their natures

question: Even though Sigmund believed all people where born bisexual what did he not believe to be true?

answer: that everyone is bisexual in the sense of feeling the same level of sexual attraction to both genders

text: that everyone is bisexual in the sense of feeling the same level of sexual attraction to both genders


text: Geologically, West Antarctica closely resembles the Andes mountain range of South America. The Antarctic Peninsula was formed by uplift and metamorphism of sea bed sediments during the late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic eras. This sediment uplift was accompanied by igneous intrusions and volcanism. The most common rocks in West Antarctica are andesite and rhyolite volcanics formed during the Jurassic period. There is also evidence of volcanic activity, even after the ice sheet had formed, in Marie Byrd Land and Alexander Island. The only anomalous area of West Antarctica is the Ellsworth Mountains region, where the stratigraphy is more similar to East Antarctica.

title: Antarctica

title: Antarctica

text: Geologically

text: West

text: Antarctica

text: closely

text: resembles

text: the

text: Andes

text: mountain

text: range

text: of

text: South

text: America

text: The

text: Antarctic

text: Peninsula

text: was

text: formed

text: by

text: uplift

text: and

text: metamorphism

text: of

text: sea

text: bed

text: sediments

text: during

text: the

text: late

text: Paleozoic

text: and

text: the

text: early

text: Mesozoic

text: eras

text: This

text: sediment

text: uplift

text: was

text: accompanied

text: by

text: igneous

text: intrusions

text: and

text: volcanism

text: The

text: most

text: common

text: rocks

text: in

text: West

text: Antarctica

text: are

text: andesite

text: and

text: rhyolite

text: volcanics

text: formed

text: during

text: the

text: Jurassic

text: period

text: There

text: is

text: also

text: evidence

text: of

text: volcanic

text: activity

text: even

text: after

text: the

text: ice

text: sheet

text: had

text: formed

text: in

text: Marie

text: Byrd

text: Land

text: and

text: Alexander

text: Island

text: The

text: only

text: anomalous

text: area

text: of

text: West

text: Antarctica

text: is

text: the

text: Ellsworth

text: Mountains

text: region

text: where

text: the

text: stratigraphy

text: is

text: more

text: similar

text: to

text: East

text: Antarctica

question: To what mountainous area is Antarctica geologically similar?

answer: Andes

text: Andes

question: An uplift of what formed Antarctica?

answer: sea bed sediments

text: sea bed sediments

question: Starting from the late Paleozoic era, when did Antarctica finish forming?

answer: early Mesozoic

text: early Mesozoic

question: What are the most often found rocks in Antarctica?

answer: andesite and rhyolite

text: andesite and rhyolite

question: What type of geologic activity occurred even after the formation of the ice sheets?

answer: volcanic

text: volcanic

question: What was once part of the Andes mountains of South America?

text: West Antarctica

question: What caused the Antarctic Peninsula to for prior to the Paleozoic era?

question: What caused volcanism on the Antarctic Peninsula?

text: uplift and metamorphism of sea bed

question: What are the rarest rocks in Western Antarctica?

text: andesite and rhyolite volcanics

question: What activity stopped after the ice sheet formed?

text: volcanic activity

question: What closely resembles the Andes mountain range of Antarctica?

text: West Antarctica

question: What was formed during the early Paleozoic and the late Mesozoic eras?

text: The Antarctic Peninsula

question: What are the most common rocks in Antarctica?

text: andesite and rhyolite

question: When were the andesite and rhyolite formed in West Antarctica?

text: Jurassic period

question: What is there evidence of in Alexander Byrd Land and Marie Island?

text: volcanic activity


text: In manufacturing the glass bulb, a type of "ribbon machine" is used. A continuous ribbon of glass is passed along a conveyor belt, heated in a furnace, and then blown by precisely aligned air nozzles through holes in the conveyor belt into molds. Thus the glass bulbs are created. After the bulbs are blown, and cooled, they are cut off the ribbon machine; a typical machine of this sort produces 50,000 bulbs per hour. The filament and its supports are assembled on a glass stem, which is fused to the bulb. The air is pumped out of the bulb, and the evacuation tube in the stem press is sealed by a flame. The bulb is then inserted into the lamp base, and the whole assembly tested.

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

title: Incandescent_light_bulb

text: In

text: manufacturing

text: the

text: glass

text: bulb

text: a

text: type

text: of

text: ribbon

text: machine

text: is

text: used

text: A

text: continuous

text: ribbon

text: of

text: glass

text: is

text: passed

text: along

text: a

text: conveyor

text: belt

text: heated

text: in

text: a

text: furnace

text: and

text: then

text: blown

text: by

text: precisely

text: aligned

text: air

text: nozzles

text: through

text: holes

text: in

text: the

text: conveyor

text: belt

text: into

text: molds

text: Thus

text: the

text: glass

text: bulbs

text: are

text: created

text: After

text: the

text: bulbs

text: are

text: blown

text: and

text: cooled

text: they

text: are

text: cut

text: off

text: the

text: ribbon

text: machine

text: a

text: typical

text: machine

text: of

text: this

text: sort

text: produces

text: bulbs

text: per

text: hour

text: The

text: filament

text: and

text: its

text: supports

text: are

text: assembled

text: on

text: a

text: glass

text: stem

text: which

text: is

text: fused

text: to

text: the

text: bulb

text: The

text: air

text: is

text: pumped

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: bulb

text: and

text: the

text: evacuation

text: tube

text: in

text: the

text: stem

text: press

text: is

text: sealed

text: by

text: a

text: flame

text: The

text: bulb

text: is

text: then

text: inserted

text: into

text: the

text: lamp

text: base

text: and

text: the

text: whole

text: assembly

text: tested

question: What type of machine manufactures glass light bulbs.

answer: ribbon machine

text: ribbon machine

question: How many bulbs does the average ribbon machine produce per hour?

answer: 50,000

question: How is the filament attached to the bulb?

answer: assembled on a glass stem, which is fused to the bulb

text: assembled on a glass stem, which is fused to the bulb

question: How is the evacuation tube sealed?

answer: by a flame

text: by a flame

question: What blows the glass bulbs into their characteristic shape?

answer: precisely aligned air nozzles

text: precisely aligned air nozzles

question: What type of machine is not used in manufacturing light bulbs?

text: "ribbon machine

question: What is not passed along a conveyor belt when making bulbs?

text: A continuous ribbon of glass

question: What is cooled in a furnace and blown by aligned air nozzles though holes in the conveyor belt?

text: A continuous ribbon of glass

question: What is not sealed by a flame?

text: the evacuation tube in the stem press


text: The Rev. John J. Cavanaugh, C.S.C. served as president from 1946 to 1952. Cavanaugh's legacy at Notre Dame in the post-war years was devoted to raising academic standards and reshaping the university administration to suit it to an enlarged educational mission and an expanded student body and stressing advanced studies and research at a time when Notre Dame quadrupled in student census, undergraduate enrollment increased by more than half, and graduate student enrollment grew fivefold. Cavanaugh also established the Lobund Institute for Animal Studies and Notre Dame's Medieval Institute. Cavanaugh also presided over the construction of the Nieuwland Science Hall, Fisher Hall, and the Morris Inn, as well as the Hall of Liberal Arts (now O'Shaughnessy Hall), made possible by a donation from I.A. O'Shaughnessy, at the time the largest ever made to an American Catholic university. Cavanaugh also established a system of advisory councils at the university, which continue today and are vital to the university's governance and development

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

title: University_of_Notre_Dame

text: The

text: Rev.

text: John

text: J.

text: Cavanaugh

text: C.S.C.

text: served

text: as

text: president

text: from

text: to

text: Cavanaugh

text: 's

text: legacy

text: at

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: in

text: the

text: post

text: war

text: years

text: was

text: devoted

text: to

text: raising

text: academic

text: standards

text: and

text: reshaping

text: the

text: university

text: administration

text: to

text: suit

text: it

text: to

text: an

text: enlarged

text: educational

text: mission

text: and

text: an

text: expanded

text: student

text: body

text: and

text: stressing

text: advanced

text: studies

text: and

text: research

text: at

text: a

text: time

text: when

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: quadrupled

text: in

text: student

text: census

text: undergraduate

text: enrollment

text: increased

text: by

text: more

text: than

text: half

text: and

text: graduate

text: student

text: enrollment

text: grew

text: fivefold

text: Cavanaugh

text: also

text: established

text: the

text: Lobund

text: Institute

text: for

text: Animal

text: Studies

text: and

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: 's

text: Medieval

text: Institute

text: Cavanaugh

text: also

text: presided

text: over

text: the

text: construction

text: of

text: the

text: Nieuwland

text: Science

text: Hall

text: Fisher

text: Hall

text: and

text: the

text: Morris

text: Inn

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: Hall

text: of

text: Liberal

text: Arts

text: now

text: O'Shaughnessy

text: Hall

text: made

text: possible

text: by

text: a

text: donation

text: from

text: I.A.

text: O'Shaughnessy

text: at

text: the

text: time

text: the

text: largest

text: ever

text: made

text: to

text: an

text: American

text: Catholic

text: university

text: Cavanaugh

text: also

text: established

text: a

text: system

text: of

text: advisory

text: councils

text: at

text: the

text: university

text: which

text: continue

text: today

text: and

text: are

text: vital

text: to

text: the

text: university

text: 's

text: governance

text: and

text: development

question: Which president did Notre Dame have in 1947?

answer: Rev. John J. Cavanaugh, C.S.C.

text: Rev. John J. Cavanaugh, C.S.C.

question: Around the time that Rev. Cavanaugh became president of Notre Dame by how much did the undergrad student body of Notre Dame increase?

answer: more than half

text: more than half

question: Which institute involving animal life did Cavanaugh create at Notre Dame?

answer: Lobund Institute for Animal Studies

text: Lobund Institute for Animal Studies

question: Outside of an institute studying animals, what other institute did Cavanugh create at Notre Dame?

answer: Medieval Institute

text: Medieval Institute

question: What is O'Shaughnessy Hall of Notre Dame formerly known as?

answer: Hall of Liberal Arts

text: Hall of Liberal Arts


text: In 1939 the Regierungsbezirk Zichenau was annexed by Germany and incorporated into East Prussia. Parts of it were transferred to other regions, e.g. Suwałki to Regierungsbezirk Gumbinnen and Soldau to Regierungsbezirk Allenstein. Despite Nazi propaganda presenting all of the regions annexed as possessing significant German populations that wanted reunification with Germany, the Reich's statistics of late 1939 show that only 31,000 out of 994,092 people in this territory were ethnic Germans.[citation needed]

title: East_Prussia

title: East_Prussia

text: In

text: the

text: Regierungsbezirk

text: Zichenau

text: was

text: annexed

text: by

text: Germany

text: and

text: incorporated

text: into

text: East

text: Prussia

text: Parts

text: of

text: it

text: were

text: transferred

text: to

text: other

text: regions

text: e.g.

text: Suwałki

text: to

text: Regierungsbezirk

text: Gumbinnen

text: and

text: Soldau

text: to

text: Regierungsbezirk

text: Allenstein

text: Despite

text: Nazi

text: propaganda

text: presenting

text: all

text: of

text: the

text: regions

text: annexed

text: as

text: possessing

text: significant

text: German

text: populations

text: that

text: wanted

text: reunification

text: with

text: Germany

text: the

text: Reich

text: 's

text: statistics

text: of

text: late

text: show

text: that

text: only

text: out

text: of

text: people

text: in

text: this

text: territory

text: were

text: ethnic

text: Germans.[citation

text: needed

question: In what year was the Regierungsbezirk Zichenau annexed?

answer: 1939

question: What other parts of East Prussia were transferred after the annexation of Zichenau?

answer: Suwałki to Regierungsbezirk Gumbinnen and Soldau to Regierungsbezirk Allenstein

text: Suwałki to Regierungsbezirk Gumbinnen and Soldau to Regierungsbezirk Allenstein

question: Despite all the propaganda that ws presented to the East Prussians what did German populations want within the country?

answer: reunification with Germany

text: reunification with Germany

question: In what year was the Regierungsbezirk Zichenau established?

question: What ethnicity were most people in East Prussia in late 1939?

text: Germans

question: What did most people in East Prussia want in regards to Germany in 1939?

text: reunification

question: How many Germans were Nazis in 1939?


text: The study of the Quran and the Hadith thrived in such a scholarly atmosphere. Philosophy, Fiqh and theology (kalaam) were further developed, most noticeably by Avicenna and his opponents. Al-Razi and Al-Farabi had provided methodology and knowledge in medicine and philosophy. Avicenna had access to the great libraries of Balkh, Khwarezm, Gorgan, Rey, Isfahan and Hamadan. Various texts (such as the 'Ahd with Bahmanyar) show that he debated philosophical points with the greatest scholars of the time. Aruzi Samarqandi describes how before Avicenna left Khwarezm he had met Al-Biruni (a famous scientist and astronomer), Abu Nasr Iraqi (a renowned mathematician), Abu Sahl Masihi (a respected philosopher) and Abu al-Khayr Khammar (a great physician).

title: Avicenna

title: Avicenna

text: The

text: study

text: of

text: the

text: Quran

text: and

text: the

text: Hadith

text: thrived

text: in

text: such

text: a

text: scholarly

text: atmosphere

text: Philosophy

text: Fiqh

text: and

text: theology

text: kalaam

text: were

text: further

text: developed

text: most

text: noticeably

text: by

text: Avicenna

text: and

text: his

text: opponents

text: Al

text: Razi

text: and

text: Al

text: Farabi

text: had

text: provided

text: methodology

text: and

text: knowledge

text: in

text: medicine

text: and

text: philosophy

text: Avicenna

text: had

text: access

text: to

text: the

text: great

text: libraries

text: of

text: Balkh

text: Khwarezm

text: Gorgan

text: Rey

text: Isfahan

text: and

text: Hamadan

text: Various

text: texts

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Ahd

text: with

text: Bahmanyar

text: show

text: that

text: he

text: debated

text: philosophical

text: points

text: with

text: the

text: greatest

text: scholars

text: of

text: the

text: time

text: Aruzi

text: Samarqandi

text: describes

text: how

text: before

text: Avicenna

text: left

text: Khwarezm

text: he

text: had

text: met

text: Al

text: Biruni

text: a

text: famous

text: scientist

text: and

text: astronomer

text: Abu

text: Nasr

text: Iraqi

text: a

text: renowned

text: mathematician

text: Abu

text: Sahl

text: Masihi

text: a

text: respected

text: philosopher

text: and

text: Abu

text: al

text: Khayr

text: Khammar

text: a

text: great

text: physician

question: What was one subject that Avicenna further developed?

answer: theology

text: theology

question: Who is another philosopher during this Islamic Golden Age?

answer: Al-Farabi

text: Al-Farabi

question: What is the name of one library that Avicenna had access to?

answer: Hamadan

text: Hamadan

question: Who was the famous astronomer that Avicenna met before he left Khwarezm?

answer: Al-Biruni

text: Al-Biruni

question: What text was proof that Avicenna debated philosophy with some of the greatest scholars of the time?

answer: the 'Ahd with Bahmanyar

text: the 'Ahd with Bahmanyar

question: Where did the study of all religious texts thrive?

text: in such a scholarly atmosphere

question: What studies were suppresed by Avicenna's opponents?

text: Philosophy, Fiqh and theology

question: who provided methodology and knowledge in theology?

text: Al-Razi and Al-Farabi

question: What library did Avicenna found?

text: Hamadan

question: Who was the famous astronomer that Avicenna met after leaving Khwarezm?

text: Al-Biruni

question: What was one subject that Avicenna never developed?

text: theology

question: Who is another philosopher during this Islamic Silver Age?

text: Al-Farabi

question: What is the name of one library that Avicenna didn't have access to?

text: Hamadan

question: Who was the famous astrologer that Avicenna met before he left Khwarezm?

text: Al-Biruni

question: What text was proof that Avicenna debated philosophy with some of the unknown scholars of the time?

text: the 'Ahd with Bahmanyar


text: Tito was notable for pursuing a foreign policy of neutrality during the Cold War and for establishing close ties with developing countries. Tito's strong belief in self-determination caused early rift with Stalin and consequently, the Eastern Bloc. His public speeches often reiterated that policy of neutrality and cooperation with all countries would be natural as long as these countries did not use their influence to pressure Yugoslavia to take sides. Relations with the United States and Western European nations were generally cordial.

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

title: Josip_Broz_Tito

text: Tito

text: was

text: notable

text: for

text: pursuing

text: a

text: foreign

text: policy

text: of

text: neutrality

text: during

text: the

text: Cold

text: War

text: and

text: for

text: establishing

text: close

text: ties

text: with

text: developing

text: countries

text: Tito

text: 's

text: strong

text: belief

text: in

text: self

text: determination

text: caused

text: early

text: rift

text: with

text: Stalin

text: and

text: consequently

text: the

text: Eastern

text: Bloc

text: His

text: public

text: speeches

text: often

text: reiterated

text: that

text: policy

text: of

text: neutrality

text: and

text: cooperation

text: with

text: all

text: countries

text: would

text: be

text: natural

text: as

text: long

text: as

text: these

text: countries

text: did

text: not

text: use

text: their

text: influence

text: to

text: pressure

text: Yugoslavia

text: to

text: take

text: sides

text: Relations

text: with

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: and

text: Western

text: European

text: nations

text: were

text: generally

text: cordial

question: During what period did Tito pursue a policy of neutrality?

answer: Cold War

text: Cold War

question: With whom did Tito's belief in self-determination cause a rift?

answer: Stalin

text: Stalin

question: What type of countries did Tito develop relations with?

answer: developing

text: developing

question: Who had a strong belief in self-determination and was opposed to Stalin because of this?

answer: Tito

text: Tito

question: Tito had cordial relations with the United States and what other Western area?

answer: Western European nations

text: Western European nations


text: Conflict with Arius and Arianism as well as successive Roman emperors shaped Athanasius's career. In 325, at the age of 27, Athanasius began his leading role against the Arians as his bishop's assistant during the First Council of Nicaea. Roman emperor Constantine the Great had convened the council in May–August 325 to address the Arian position that the Son of God, Jesus of Nazareth, is of a distinct substance from the Father. Three years after that council, Athanasius succeeded his mentor as archbishop of Alexandria. In addition to the conflict with the Arians (including powerful and influential Arian churchmen led by Eusebius of Nicomedia), he struggled against the Emperors Constantine, Constantius II, Julian the Apostate and Valens. He was known as "Athanasius Contra Mundum" (Latin for Athanasius Against the World).

title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

title: Athanasius_of_Alexandria

text: Conflict

text: with

text: Arius

text: and

text: Arianism

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: successive

text: Roman

text: emperors

text: shaped

text: Athanasius

text: 's

text: career

text: In

text: at

text: the

text: age

text: of

text: Athanasius

text: began

text: his

text: leading

text: role

text: against

text: the

text: Arians

text: as

text: his

text: bishop

text: 's

text: assistant

text: during

text: the

text: First

text: Council

text: of

text: Nicaea

text: Roman

text: emperor

text: Constantine

text: the

text: Great

text: had

text: convened

text: the

text: council

text: in

text: May

text: August

text: to

text: address

text: the

text: Arian

text: position

text: that

text: the

text: Son

text: of

text: God

text: Jesus

text: of

text: Nazareth

text: is

text: of

text: a

text: distinct

text: substance

text: from

text: the

text: Father

text: Three

text: years

text: after

text: that

text: council

text: Athanasius

text: succeeded

text: his

text: mentor

text: as

text: archbishop

text: of

text: Alexandria

text: In

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: conflict

text: with

text: the

text: Arians

text: including

text: powerful

text: and

text: influential

text: Arian

text: churchmen

text: led

text: by

text: Eusebius

text: of

text: Nicomedia

text: he

text: struggled

text: against

text: the

text: Emperors

text: Constantine

text: Constantius

text: II

text: Julian

text: the

text: Apostate

text: and

text: Valens

text: He

text: was

text: known

text: as

text: Athanasius

text: Contra

text: Mundum

text: Latin

text: for

text: Athanasius

text: Against

text: the

text: World

question: Athanasius began his leading role at what age?

answer: 27

question: In what year was the First Council of Nicaea?

answer: 325

question: Athanasius was also known as what?

answer: Athanasius Contra Mundum

text: Athanasius Contra Mundum

question: How many years after the First Council of Nicaea did Athanasius become archbishop?

answer: Three years

text: Three years

question: Who is one emporer Athanasius struggled against?

answer: Constantine

text: Constantine

question: What conflict shaped his career?

answer: Conflict with Arius and Arianism

text: Conflict with Arius and Arianism

question: Why was the First Council of Nicaea convened?

answer: Jesus of Nazareth, is of a distinct substance from the Father

text: Jesus of Nazareth, is of a distinct substance from the Father

question: Because of his conflicts with the emperors, how was he known?

answer: Athanasius Against the World

text: Athanasius Against the World

question: Whose position was it that Jesus was the Son of God?

answer: the Arian position

text: the Arian position

question: What year did Athanasius become a Roman emperor?

question: What year did Constantine meet Athanasius?

question: How old was Constantine when he was crowned emperor?

question: In what year did the First Council of Nicaea end?

question: How many years did the First Council of Nicaea last?

text: Three years

question: Athanasius ended his leading role at what age?

question: In what year was the last Council of Nicaea?

question: Athanasius was never known as what?

text: Athanasius Contra Mundum

question: How many years after the First Council of Nicaea did Athanasius become pope?

text: Three years

question: What peaceful protest shaped his career?

text: Conflict with Arius and Arianism


text: Chapter IX deals with the fact that the geologic record appears to show forms of life suddenly arising, without the innumerable transitional fossils expected from gradual changes. Darwin borrowed Charles Lyell's argument in Principles of Geology that the record is extremely imperfect as fossilisation is a very rare occurrence, spread over vast periods of time; since few areas had been geologically explored, there could only be fragmentary knowledge of geological formations, and fossil collections were very poor. Evolved local varieties which migrated into a wider area would seem to be the sudden appearance of a new species. Darwin did not expect to be able to reconstruct evolutionary history, but continuing discoveries gave him well founded hope that new finds would occasionally reveal transitional forms. To show that there had been enough time for natural selection to work slowly, he again cited Principles of Geology and other observations based on sedimentation and erosion, including an estimate that erosion of The Weald had taken 300 million years. The initial appearance of entire groups of well developed organisms in the oldest fossil-bearing layers, now known as the Cambrian explosion, posed a problem. Darwin had no doubt that earlier seas had swarmed with living creatures, but stated that he had no satisfactory explanation for the lack of fossils. Fossil evidence of pre-Cambrian life has since been found, extending the history of life back for billions of years.

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

title: On_the_Origin_of_Species

text: Chapter

text: IX

text: deals

text: with

text: the

text: fact

text: that

text: the

text: geologic

text: record

text: appears

text: to

text: show

text: forms

text: of

text: life

text: suddenly

text: arising

text: without

text: the

text: innumerable

text: transitional

text: fossils

text: expected

text: from

text: gradual

text: changes

text: Darwin

text: borrowed

text: Charles

text: Lyell

text: 's

text: argument

text: in

text: Principles

text: of

text: Geology

text: that

text: the

text: record

text: is

text: extremely

text: imperfect

text: as

text: fossilisation

text: is

text: a

text: very

text: rare

text: occurrence

text: spread

text: over

text: vast

text: periods

text: of

text: time

text: since

text: few

text: areas

text: had

text: been

text: geologically

text: explored

text: there

text: could

text: only

text: be

text: fragmentary

text: knowledge

text: of

text: geological

text: formations

text: and

text: fossil

text: collections

text: were

text: very

text: poor

text: Evolved

text: local

text: varieties

text: which

text: migrated

text: into

text: a

text: wider

text: area

text: would

text: seem

text: to

text: be

text: the

text: sudden

text: appearance

text: of

text: a

text: new

text: species

text: Darwin

text: did

text: not

text: expect

text: to

text: be

text: able

text: to

text: reconstruct

text: evolutionary

text: history

text: but

text: continuing

text: discoveries

text: gave

text: him

text: well

text: founded

text: hope

text: that

text: new

text: finds

text: would

text: occasionally

text: reveal

text: transitional

text: forms

text: To

text: show

text: that

text: there

text: had

text: been

text: enough

text: time

text: for

text: natural

text: selection

text: to

text: work

text: slowly

text: he

text: again

text: cited

text: Principles

text: of

text: Geology

text: and

text: other

text: observations

text: based

text: on

text: sedimentation

text: and

text: erosion

text: including

text: an

text: estimate

text: that

text: erosion

text: of

text: The

text: Weald

text: had

text: taken

text: million

text: years

text: The

text: initial

text: appearance

text: of

text: entire

text: groups

text: of

text: well

text: developed

text: organisms

text: in

text: the

text: oldest

text: fossil

text: bearing

text: layers

text: now

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Cambrian

text: explosion

text: posed

text: a

text: problem

text: Darwin

text: had

text: no

text: doubt

text: that

text: earlier

text: seas

text: had

text: swarmed

text: with

text: living

text: creatures

text: but

text: stated

text: that

text: he

text: had

text: no

text: satisfactory

text: explanation

text: for

text: the

text: lack

text: of

text: fossils

text: Fossil

text: evidence

text: of

text: pre

text: Cambrian

text: life

text: has

text: since

text: been

text: found

text: extending

text: the

text: history

text: of

text: life

text: back

text: for

text: billions

text: of

text: years

question: Whose argument did Darwin borrow that geological record is very imperfect, because fossilization is rare?

answer: Charles Lyell

text: Charles Lyell

question: Which book written by Charles Lyell contains the argument that fossils are too rare to be used as proof of life suddenly arising?

answer: Principles of Geology

text: Principles of Geology

question: What did Darwin hope to find as he continued to explore new geologic discoveries?

answer: that new finds would occasionally reveal transitional forms

text: that new finds would occasionally reveal transitional forms

question: How long did Darwin estimate the erosion of the Weald to be?

answer: 300 million years

text: 300 million years

question: What is the name of the group of well-developed organisms that were discovered within fossil-bearing layers?

answer: the Cambrian explosion

text: the Cambrian explosion


text: In 1862, paper money was issued without the backing of precious metals, due to the Civil War. Silver and gold coins continued to be issued and in 1878 the link between paper money and coins was reinstated. This disconnection from gold and silver backing also occurred during the War of 1812. The use of paper money not backed by precious metals had also occurred under the Articles of Confederation from 1777 to 1788. With no solid backing and being easily counterfeited, the continentals quickly lost their value, giving rise to the phrase "not worth a continental". This was a primary reason for the "No state shall... make any thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts" clause in article 1, section 10 of the United States Constitution.

title: United_States_dollar

title: United_States_dollar

text: In

text: paper

text: money

text: was

text: issued

text: without

text: the

text: backing

text: of

text: precious

text: metals

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: Civil

text: War

text: Silver

text: and

text: gold

text: coins

text: continued

text: to

text: be

text: issued

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: link

text: between

text: paper

text: money

text: and

text: coins

text: was

text: reinstated

text: This

text: disconnection

text: from

text: gold

text: and

text: silver

text: backing

text: also

text: occurred

text: during

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: The

text: use

text: of

text: paper

text: money

text: not

text: backed

text: by

text: precious

text: metals

text: had

text: also

text: occurred

text: under

text: the

text: Articles

text: of

text: Confederation

text: from

text: to

text: With

text: no

text: solid

text: backing

text: and

text: being

text: easily

text: counterfeited

text: the

text: continentals

text: quickly

text: lost

text: their

text: value

text: giving

text: rise

text: to

text: the

text: phrase

text: not

text: worth

text: a

text: continental

text: This

text: was

text: a

text: primary

text: reason

text: for

text: the

text: No

text: state

text: shall

text: make

text: any

text: thing

text: but

text: gold

text: and

text: silver

text: coin

text: a

text: tender

text: in

text: payment

text: of

text: debts

text: clause

text: in

text: article

text: section

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: States

text: Constitution

question: Which year was it when paper money was first issued without the backing of precious metals?

answer: 1777

question: What was the first war that caused paper money to be issued?

answer: Civil War

text: Civil War

question: Which other war also caused a disconnect between paper money and precious metals?

answer: War of 1812

text: War of 1812

question: The quick loss in value of paper money resulted in which phrase being hear?

answer: "not worth a continental"

text: "not worth a continental"

question: The loss in value resulted in a clause being written in which article in the US Constitution?

answer: article 1

text: article 1

question: Which year was it when paper money was first issued without the backing of the Articles of Confederation?

question: What was the first war that caused silver money to be issued?

text: Civil War

question: Which other war also caused a disconnect between the United States Constitution?

text: War of 1812

question: The quick loss in value of silver resulted in which phrase being heard?

text: not worth a continental

question: The loss in value resulted in a clause being written in which article in the Articles of Confederation?

text: article 1


text: As a result of the magnitude 7.9 earthquake and the many strong aftershocks, many rivers became blocked by large landslides, which resulted in the formation of "quake lakes" behind the blockages; these massive amounts of water were pooling up at a very high rate behind the natural landslide dams and it was feared that the blockages would eventually crumble under the weight of the ever-increasing water mass, potentially endangering the lives of millions of people living downstream. As of May 27, 2008, 34 lakes had formed due to earthquake debris blocking and damming rivers, and it was estimated that 28 of them were still of potential danger to the local people. Entire villages had to be evacuated because of the resultant flooding.

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

title: 2008_Sichuan_earthquake

text: As

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: the

text: magnitude

text: earthquake

text: and

text: the

text: many

text: strong

text: aftershocks

text: many

text: rivers

text: became

text: blocked

text: by

text: large

text: landslides

text: which

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: formation

text: of

text: quake

text: lakes

text: behind

text: the

text: blockages

text: these

text: massive

text: amounts

text: of

text: water

text: were

text: pooling

text: up

text: at

text: a

text: very

text: high

text: rate

text: behind

text: the

text: natural

text: landslide

text: dams

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: feared

text: that

text: the

text: blockages

text: would

text: eventually

text: crumble

text: under

text: the

text: weight

text: of

text: the

text: ever

text: increasing

text: water

text: mass

text: potentially

text: endangering

text: the

text: lives

text: of

text: millions

text: of

text: people

text: living

text: downstream

text: As

text: of

text: May

text: lakes

text: had

text: formed

text: due

text: to

text: earthquake

text: debris

text: blocking

text: and

text: damming

text: rivers

text: and

text: it

text: was

text: estimated

text: that

text: of

text: them

text: were

text: still

text: of

text: potential

text: danger

text: to

text: the

text: local

text: people

text: Entire

text: villages

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: evacuated

text: because

text: of

text: the

text: resultant

text: flooding

question: What formed behind blockages?

answer: quake lakes

text: quake lakes

question: How many quake lakes formed?

answer: 34

question: How many of the lakes were a danger to people?

answer: 28

question: What was the magnitude of the Sichuan earthquake?

answer: 7.9

question: What blocked many of the area's rivers?

answer: large landslides

text: large landslides

question: What formed behind the blocked rivers?

answer: quake lakes

text: quake lakes

question: By May 27, how many earthquake lakes had formed up behind landslide debris?

answer: 34

question: What had to be evacuated due to potential flooding?

answer: Entire villages

text: Entire villages


text: The Greek word Χριστιανός (Christianos), meaning "follower of Christ", comes from Χριστός (Christos), meaning "anointed one", with an adjectival ending borrowed from Latin to denote adhering to, or even belonging to, as in slave ownership. In the Greek Septuagint, christos was used to translate the Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ (Mašíaḥ, messiah), meaning "[one who is] anointed." In other European languages, equivalent words to Christian are likewise derived from the Greek, such as Chrétien in French and Cristiano in Spanish.

title: Christian

title: Christian

text: The

text: Greek

text: word

text: Χριστιανός

text: Christianos

text: meaning

text: follower

text: of

text: Christ

text: comes

text: from

text: Χριστός

text: Christos

text: meaning

text: anointed

text: one

text: with

text: an

text: adjectival

text: ending

text: borrowed

text: from

text: Latin

text: to

text: denote

text: adhering

text: to

text: or

text: even

text: belonging

text: to

text: as

text: in

text: slave

text: ownership

text: In

text: the

text: Greek

text: Septuagint

text: christos

text: was

text: used

text: to

text: translate

text: the

text: Hebrew

text: מָשִׁיחַ

text: Mašíaḥ

text: messiah

text: meaning

text: one

text: who

text: is

text: anointed

text: In

text: other

text: European

text: languages

text: equivalent

text: words

text: to

text: Christian

text: are

text: likewise

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: Greek

text: such

text: as

text: Chrétien

text: in

text: French

text: and

text: Cristiano

text: in

text: Spanish

question: What Greek word defines as "follower of Christ?"

answer: Χριστιανός (Christianos)

text: Χριστιανός (Christianos)

question: Where does the Greek word Χριστιανός (Christianos) come from?

answer: Χριστός (Christos)

text: Χριστός (Christos)

question: What does Χριστός (Christos) mean?

answer: anointed one

text: anointed one

question: What is the French word for Christian that was derived from Greek?

answer: Chrétien

text: Chrétien

question: From which word meaning anointed one does Christos originate?

text: Christianos

question: While Christianos means anointed one, what does Christos mean?

text: follower of Christ

question: While Christos means follower of Christ, what does Christianos mean?

text: anointed one

question: From who are words equivalent in meaning to 'Latin" derived?

text: the Greek

question: In which religion does christos mean "one who is anointed'?

text: Hebrew


text: Antennas more complex than the dipole or vertical designs are usually intended to increase the directivity and consequently the gain of the antenna. This can be accomplished in many different ways leading to a plethora of antenna designs. The vast majority of designs are fed with a balanced line (unlike a monopole antenna) and are based on the dipole antenna with additional components (or elements) which increase its directionality. Antenna "gain" in this instance describes the concentration of radiated power into a particular solid angle of space, as opposed to the spherically uniform radiation of the ideal radiator. The increased power in the desired direction is at the expense of that in the undesired directions. Power is conserved, and there is no net power increase over that delivered from the power source (the transmitter.)

title: Antenna_(radio)

title: Antenna_(radio

text: Antennas

text: more

text: complex

text: than

text: the

text: dipole

text: or

text: vertical

text: designs

text: are

text: usually

text: intended

text: to

text: increase

text: the

text: directivity

text: and

text: consequently

text: the

text: gain

text: of

text: the

text: antenna

text: This

text: can

text: be

text: accomplished

text: in

text: many

text: different

text: ways

text: leading

text: to

text: a

text: plethora

text: of

text: antenna

text: designs

text: The

text: vast

text: majority

text: of

text: designs

text: are

text: fed

text: with

text: a

text: balanced

text: line

text: unlike

text: a

text: monopole

text: antenna

text: and

text: are

text: based

text: on

text: the

text: dipole

text: antenna

text: with

text: additional

text: components

text: or

text: elements

text: which

text: increase

text: its

text: directionality

text: Antenna

text: gain

text: in

text: this

text: instance

text: describes

text: the

text: concentration

text: of

text: radiated

text: power

text: into

text: a

text: particular

text: solid

text: angle

text: of

text: space

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: the

text: spherically

text: uniform

text: radiation

text: of

text: the

text: ideal

text: radiator

text: The

text: increased

text: power

text: in

text: the

text: desired

text: direction

text: is

text: at

text: the

text: expense

text: of

text: that

text: in

text: the

text: undesired

text: directions

text: Power

text: is

text: conserved

text: and

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: net

text: power

text: increase

text: over

text: that

text: delivered

text: from

text: the

text: power

text: source

text: the

text: transmitter

question: What are different designs aimed at increasing?

answer: gain of the antenna

text: gain of the antenna

question: What is different from a monopole antenna with most other antenna types?

answer: balanced line

text: balanced line

question: Gain when referring to an antenna refers to what about radiated power?

answer: concentration

text: concentration

question: Where is the power that is distributed originating from?

answer: the transmitter

text: the transmitter


text: In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries the RIBA and its members had a leading part in the promotion of architectural education in the United Kingdom, including the establishment of the Architects' Registration Council of the United Kingdom (ARCUK) and the Board of Architectural Education under the Architects (Registration) Acts, 1931 to 1938. A member of the RIBA, Lionel Bailey Budden, then Associate Professor in the Liverpool University School of Architecture, had contributed the article on Architectural Education published in the fourteenth edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1929). His School, Liverpool, was one of the twenty schools named for the purpose of constituting the statutory Board of Architectural Education when the 1931 Act was passed.

title: Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

title: Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

text: In

text: the

text: nineteenth

text: and

text: twentieth

text: centuries

text: the

text: RIBA

text: and

text: its

text: members

text: had

text: a

text: leading

text: part

text: in

text: the

text: promotion

text: of

text: architectural

text: education

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: including

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Architects

text: Registration

text: Council

text: of

text: the

text: United

text: Kingdom

text: ARCUK

text: and

text: the

text: Board

text: of

text: Architectural

text: Education

text: under

text: the

text: Architects

text: Registration

text: Acts

text: to

text: A

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: RIBA

text: Lionel

text: Bailey

text: Budden

text: then

text: Associate

text: Professor

text: in

text: the

text: Liverpool

text: University

text: School

text: of

text: Architecture

text: had

text: contributed

text: the

text: article

text: on

text: Architectural

text: Education

text: published

text: in

text: the

text: fourteenth

text: edition

text: of

text: the

text: Encyclopædia

text: Britannica

text: His

text: School

text: Liverpool

text: was

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: twenty

text: schools

text: named

text: for

text: the

text: purpose

text: of

text: constituting

text: the

text: statutory

text: Board

text: of

text: Architectural

text: Education

text: when

text: the

text: Act

text: was

text: passed

question: What organization was the Royal Institute instrumental in establishing?

answer: the Architects' Registration Council of the United Kingdom

text: the Architects' Registration Council of the United Kingdom

question: Which items of legislation did the Royal Institute play a large role in promoting?

answer: the Board of Architectural Education under the Architects (Registration) Acts, 1931 to 1938

text: the Board of Architectural Education under the Architects (Registration) Acts, 1931 to 1938

question: Where did Lional Bailey Budden teach?

answer: the Liverpool University School of Architecture

text: the Liverpool University School of Architecture

question: What major compendium did Budden help write an article for?

answer: Encyclopædia Britannica

text: Encyclopædia Britannica

question: How many schools formed the Board of Architectural Education?

answer: twenty

text: twenty

question: What organization was the Royal Institute unsuccessful in establishing?

question: Which items of legislation did the Royal Institute play a small role in promoting?

question: Where did Lional Bailey Budden study?

question: What minor compendium did Budden help read an article for?

text: Encyclopædia Britannica

question: How many schools did not form the Board of Architectural Education?

text: twenty


text: Ajahn Sucitto describes the path as "a mandala of interconnected factors that support and moderate each other." The eight factors of the path are not to be understood as stages, in which each stage is completed before moving on to the next. Rather, they are understood as eight significant dimensions of one's behaviour—mental, spoken, and bodily—that operate in dependence on one another; taken together, they define a complete path, or way of living.

title: Buddhism

title: Buddhism

text: Ajahn

text: Sucitto

text: describes

text: the

text: path

text: as

text: a

text: mandala

text: of

text: interconnected

text: factors

text: that

text: support

text: and

text: moderate

text: each

text: other

text: The

text: eight

text: factors

text: of

text: the

text: path

text: are

text: not

text: to

text: be

text: understood

text: as

text: stages

text: in

text: which

text: each

text: stage

text: is

text: completed

text: before

text: moving

text: on

text: to

text: the

text: next

text: Rather

text: they

text: are

text: understood

text: as

text: eight

text: significant

text: dimensions

text: of

text: one

text: 's

text: behaviour

text: mental

text: spoken

text: and

text: bodily

text: that

text: operate

text: in

text: dependence

text: on

text: one

text: another

text: taken

text: together

text: they

text: define

text: a

text: complete

text: path

text: or

text: way

text: of

text: living

question: Who describes the Noble Eightfold Path as "a mandala of interconnected factors that support and moderate each other."?

answer: Ajahn Sucitto

text: Ajahn Sucitto

question: How are the eight factors of the Noble Eightfold Path to be understood?

answer: as eight significant dimensions of one's behaviour

text: as eight significant dimensions of one's behaviour

question: What can one's behaviour be divided into?

answer: mental, spoken, and bodily

text: mental, spoken, and bodily

question: Who describes the path as "a mandala of interconnected factor that support and moderate each other"?

answer: Ajahn Sucitto

text: Ajahn Sucitto


text: The Republic of the Congo also has large untapped base metal, gold, iron and phosphate deposits. The country is a member of the Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa (OHADA). The Congolese government signed an agreement in 2009 to lease 200,000 hectares of land to South African farmers to reduce its dependence on imports.

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

title: Republic_of_the_Congo

text: The

text: Republic

text: of

text: the

text: Congo

text: also

text: has

text: large

text: untapped

text: base

text: metal

text: gold

text: iron

text: and

text: phosphate

text: deposits

text: The

text: country

text: is

text: a

text: member

text: of

text: the

text: Organization

text: for

text: the

text: Harmonization

text: of

text: Business

text: Law

text: in

text: Africa

text: OHADA

text: The

text: Congolese

text: government

text: signed

text: an

text: agreement

text: in

text: to

text: lease

text: hectares

text: of

text: land

text: to

text: South

text: African

text: farmers

text: to

text: reduce

text: its

text: dependence

text: on

text: imports

question: What precious metals and minerals have yet to be utilized in the Republic of the Congo?

answer: base metal, gold, iron and phosphate

text: base metal, gold, iron and phosphate

question: What business organization is the Congo a member of?

answer: Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa

text: Organization for the Harmonization of Business Law in Africa

question: How much land did the Congolese government agree to lease to South Africans in 2009?

answer: 200,000 hectares

text: 200,000 hectares

question: What country doesn't have many metal deposits?

text: The Republic of the Congo

question: When did the South African government sign an agreement to lease land to Congolese farmers?

question: What country did the South African government lease land to?

text: The Republic of the Congo

question: How much land did South Africa lease to the Congo?

text: 200,000 hectares

question: Why did South Africa lease land to the Democratic Republic of Congo?

text: reduce its dependence on imports


text: In Greece Carnival is also known as the Apokriés (Greek: Αποκριές, "saying goodbye to meat"), or the season of the "Opening of the Triodion", so named after the liturgical book used by the church from then until Holy Week. One of the season's high points is Tsiknopempti, when celebrants enjoy roast beef dinners; the ritual is repeated the following Sunday. The following week, the last before Lent, is called Tyrinē (Greek: Τυρινή, "cheese [week]") because meat is forbidden, although dairy products are not. Lent begins on "Clean Monday", the day after "Cheese Sunday". Throughout the Carnival season, people disguise themselves as maskarádes ("masqueraders") and engage in pranks and revelry.

title: Carnival

title: Carnival

text: In

text: Greece

text: Carnival

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Apokriés

text: Greek

text: Αποκριές

text: saying

text: goodbye

text: to

text: meat

text: or

text: the

text: season

text: of

text: the

text: Opening

text: of

text: the

text: Triodion

text: so

text: named

text: after

text: the

text: liturgical

text: book

text: used

text: by

text: the

text: church

text: from

text: then

text: until

text: Holy

text: Week

text: One

text: of

text: the

text: season

text: 's

text: high

text: points

text: is

text: Tsiknopempti

text: when

text: celebrants

text: enjoy

text: roast

text: beef

text: dinners

text: the

text: ritual

text: is

text: repeated

text: the

text: following

text: Sunday

text: The

text: following

text: week

text: the

text: last

text: before

text: Lent

text: is

text: called

text: Tyrinē

text: Greek

text: Τυρινή

text: cheese

text: week

text: because

text: meat

text: is

text: forbidden

text: although

text: dairy

text: products

text: are

text: not

text: Lent

text: begins

text: on

text: Clean

text: Monday

text: the

text: day

text: after

text: Cheese

text: Sunday

text: Throughout

text: the

text: Carnival

text: season

text: people

text: disguise

text: themselves

text: as

text: maskarádes

text: masqueraders

text: and

text: engage

text: in

text: pranks

text: and

text: revelry

question: What is the Greece Carnival also called?

answer: the Apokriés

text: the Apokriés

question: What does the Opening of the Triodion derive from?

answer: the liturgical book used by the church

text: the liturgical book used by the church

question: What is one of the festival season's high points?

answer: Tsiknopempti

text: Tsiknopempti

question: What types of dinners do people enjoy during the season's high point?

answer: roast beef

text: roast beef

question: What do people engage in after they've disguised themselves?

answer: pranks and revelry

text: pranks and revelry


text: Patassé purged many of the Kolingba elements from the government and Kolingba supporters accused Patassé's government of conducting a "witch hunt" against the Yakoma. A new constitution was approved on 28 December 1994 but had little impact on the country's politics. In 1996–1997, reflecting steadily decreasing public confidence in the government's erratic behaviour, three mutinies against Patassé's administration were accompanied by widespread destruction of property and heightened ethnic tension. During this time (1996) the Peace Corps evacuated all its volunteers to neighboring Cameroon. To date, the Peace Corps has not returned to the Central African Republic. The Bangui Agreements, signed in January 1997, provided for the deployment of an inter-African military mission, to Central African Republic and re-entry of ex-mutineers into the government on 7 April 1997. The inter-African military mission was later replaced by a U.N. peacekeeping force (MINURCA).

title: Central_African_Republic

title: Central_African_Republic

text: Patassé

text: purged

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: Kolingba

text: elements

text: from

text: the

text: government

text: and

text: Kolingba

text: supporters

text: accused

text: Patassé

text: 's

text: government

text: of

text: conducting

text: a

text: witch

text: hunt

text: against

text: the

text: Yakoma

text: A

text: new

text: constitution

text: was

text: approved

text: on

text: December

text: but

text: had

text: little

text: impact

text: on

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: politics

text: In

text: reflecting

text: steadily

text: decreasing

text: public

text: confidence

text: in

text: the

text: government

text: 's

text: erratic

text: behaviour

text: three

text: mutinies

text: against

text: Patassé

text: 's

text: administration

text: were

text: accompanied

text: by

text: widespread

text: destruction

text: of

text: property

text: and

text: heightened

text: ethnic

text: tension

text: During

text: this

text: time

text: the

text: Peace

text: Corps

text: evacuated

text: all

text: its

text: volunteers

text: to

text: neighboring

text: Cameroon

text: To

text: date

text: the

text: Peace

text: Corps

text: has

text: not

text: returned

text: to

text: the

text: Central

text: African

text: Republic

text: The

text: Bangui

text: Agreements

text: signed

text: in

text: January

text: provided

text: for

text: the

text: deployment

text: of

text: an

text: inter

text: African

text: military

text: mission

text: to

text: Central

text: African

text: Republic

text: and

text: re

text: entry

text: of

text: ex

text: mutineers

text: into

text: the

text: government

text: on

text: April

text: The

text: inter

text: African

text: military

text: mission

text: was

text: later

text: replaced

text: by

text: a

text: U.N.

text: peacekeeping

text: force

text: MINURCA

question: When was the new constitution for CAR approved?

answer: 28 December 1994

text: 28 December 1994

question: When did a mutiny form against Patasse?

answer: In 1996–1997

text: In 1996–1997

question: The mutinies caused what effects on the country?

answer: widespread destruction of property

text: widespread destruction of property

question: Where did the peace corps evacuate to?

answer: Cameroon

text: Cameroon

question: What agreement gave the authority for deployment of military intervention?

answer: The Bangui Agreements

text: The Bangui Agreements

question: What did Yakoma accuse the Kolingba government of doing?

text: conducting a "witch hunt"

question: What group evacuated its volunteers to Cameroon in January 1997?

text: the Peace Corps

question: As of today what group has not returned to Yakoma?

text: the Peace Corps

question: What did three mutinies signed in January 1997 provide for?

question: What was the Yakoma later replaced with?

text: a U.N. peacekeeping force


text: It was against this background of public anger that Jean Metzinger and Albert Gleizes wrote Du "Cubisme" (published by Eugène Figuière in 1912, translated to English and Russian in 1913). Among the works exhibited were Le Fauconnier's vast composition Les Montagnards attaqués par des ours (Mountaineers Attacked by Bears) now at Rhode Island School of Design Museum, Joseph Csaky's Deux Femme, Two Women (a sculpture now lost), in addition to the highly abstract paintings by Kupka, Amorpha (The National Gallery, Prague), and Picabia, La Source, The Spring (Museum of Modern Art, New York).

title: Cubism

title: Cubism

text: It

text: was

text: against

text: this

text: background

text: of

text: public

text: anger

text: that

text: Jean

text: Metzinger

text: and

text: Albert

text: Gleizes

text: wrote

text: Du

text: Cubisme

text: published

text: by

text: Eugène

text: Figuière

text: in

text: translated

text: to

text: English

text: and

text: Russian

text: in

text: Among

text: the

text: works

text: exhibited

text: were

text: Le

text: Fauconnier

text: 's

text: vast

text: composition

text: Les

text: Montagnards

text: attaqués

text: par

text: des

text: ours

text: Mountaineers

text: Attacked

text: by

text: Bears

text: now

text: at

text: Rhode

text: Island

text: School

text: of

text: Design

text: Museum

text: Joseph

text: Csaky

text: 's

text: Deux

text: Femme

text: Two

text: Women

text: a

text: sculpture

text: now

text: lost

text: in

text: addition

text: to

text: the

text: highly

text: abstract

text: paintings

text: by

text: Kupka

text: Amorpha

text: The

text: National

text: Gallery

text: Prague

text: and

text: Picabia

text: La

text: Source

text: The

text: Spring

text: Museum

text: of

text: Modern

text: Art

text: New

text: York

question: What against did Metzinger and Gleizes write Du "Cubsime"?

answer: public anger

text: public anger

question: Who published Du "Cubisme"?

answer: Eugène Figuière

text: Eugène Figuière

question: In what year was  Du "Cubisme" published?

answer: 1912

question: What did Metzinger and Gleizes write Du "Cubsime" in support of?

text: public anger

question: Who wrote Du "Squarism"?

text: Albert Gleizes

question: In what year was Du "Squarism" published?

question: Who published Du "Squarism"?

text: Eugène Figuière

question: Where was Kupka's paintings not displayed?

text: The National Gallery, Prague


text: Mountains of the Long Range in Newfoundland reach heights of nearly 3,000 ft (900 m). In the Chic-Choc and Notre Dame mountain ranges in Quebec, the higher summits rise to about 4,000 ft (1,200 m) elevation. Isolated peaks and small ranges in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick vary from 1,000 to 2,700 ft (300 to 800 m). In Maine several peaks exceed 4,000 ft (1,200 m), including Mount Katahdin at 5,267 feet (1,605 m). In New Hampshire, many summits rise above 5,000 ft (1,500 m), including Mount Washington in the White Mountains at 6,288 ft (1,917 m), Adams at 5,771 ft (1,759 m), Jefferson at 5,712 ft (1,741 m), Monroe at 5,380 ft (1,640 m), Madison at 5,367 ft (1,636 m), Lafayette at 5,249 feet (1,600 m), and Lincoln at 5,089 ft (1,551 m). In the Green Mountains the highest point, Mt. Mansfield, is 4,393 ft (1,339 m) in elevation; others include Killington Peak at 4,226 ft (1,288 m), Camel's Hump at 4,083 ft (1,244 m), Mt. Abraham at 4,006 ft (1,221 m), and a number of other heights exceeding 3,000 ft (900 m).

title: Appalachian_Mountains

title: Appalachian_Mountains

text: Mountains

text: of

text: the

text: Long

text: Range

text: in

text: Newfoundland

text: reach

text: heights

text: of

text: nearly

text: ft

text: m

text: In

text: the

text: Chic

text: Choc

text: and

text: Notre

text: Dame

text: mountain

text: ranges

text: in

text: Quebec

text: the

text: higher

text: summits

text: rise

text: to

text: about

text: ft

text: m

text: elevation

text: Isolated

text: peaks

text: and

text: small

text: ranges

text: in

text: Nova

text: Scotia

text: and

text: New

text: Brunswick

text: vary

text: from

text: to

text: ft

text: to

text: m

text: In

text: Maine

text: several

text: peaks

text: exceed

text: ft

text: m

text: including

text: Mount

text: Katahdin

text: at

text: feet

text: m

text: In

text: New

text: Hampshire

text: many

text: summits

text: rise

text: above

text: ft

text: m

text: including

text: Mount

text: Washington

text: in

text: the

text: White

text: Mountains

text: at

text: ft

text: m

text: Adams

text: at

text: ft

text: m

text: Jefferson

text: at

text: ft

text: m

text: Monroe

text: at

text: ft

text: m

text: Madison

text: at

text: ft

text: m

text: Lafayette

text: at

text: feet

text: m

text: and

text: Lincoln

text: at

text: ft

text: m

text: In

text: the

text: Green

text: Mountains

text: the

text: highest

text: point

text: Mt.

text: Mansfield

text: is

text: ft

text: m

text: in

text: elevation

text: others

text: include

text: Killington

text: Peak

text: at

text: ft

text: m

text: Camel

text: 's

text: Hump

text: at

text: ft

text: m

text: Mt.

text: Abraham

text: at

text: ft

text: m

text: and

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: other

text: heights

text: exceeding

text: ft

text: m

question: How tall are the mountains in Newfoundland?

answer: 3,000 ft

text: 3,000 ft

question: How tall are the mountains in Nova Scotia?

answer: vary from 1,000 to 2,700 ft

text: vary from 1,000 to 2,700 ft

question: How tall are the mountains in Maine?

answer: exceed 4,000 ft

text: exceed 4,000 ft

question: How tall are the mountains in New Hampshire?

answer: many summits rise above 5,000 ft

text: many summits rise above 5,000 ft

question: How tall are the isolated peaks in Notre Dame?

text: 1,000 to 2,700 ft (300 to 800 m)

question: What is the name of the 5,267ft peak in Nova Scotia?

text: Mount Katahdin

question: What is the smallest summit in the New Hampshire range?

text: Lincoln

question: What state are the Green Mountains located in?

text: New Hampshire

question: What is the name of the mountain range in Maine?

text: Mount Katahdin


text: In the Ubangi-Shari Territorial Assembly election in 1957, MESAN captured 347,000 out of the total 356,000 votes, and won every legislative seat, which led to Boganda being elected president of the Grand Council of French Equatorial Africa and vice-president of the Ubangi-Shari Government Council. Within a year, he declared the establishment of the Central African Republic and served as the country's first prime minister. MESAN continued to exist, but its role was limited. After Boganda's death in a plane crash on 29 March 1959, his cousin, David Dacko, took control of MESAN and became the country's first president after the CAR had formally received independence from France. Dacko threw out his political rivals, including former Prime Minister and Mouvement d'évolution démocratique de l'Afrique centrale (MEDAC), leader Abel Goumba, whom he forced into exile in France. With all opposition parties suppressed by November 1962, Dacko declared MESAN as the official party of the state.

title: Central_African_Republic

title: Central_African_Republic

text: In

text: the

text: Ubangi

text: Shari

text: Territorial

text: Assembly

text: election

text: in

text: MESAN

text: captured

text: out

text: of

text: the

text: total

text: votes

text: and

text: won

text: every

text: legislative

text: seat

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: Boganda

text: being

text: elected

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: Grand

text: Council

text: of

text: French

text: Equatorial

text: Africa

text: and

text: vice

text: president

text: of

text: the

text: Ubangi

text: Shari

text: Government

text: Council

text: Within

text: a

text: year

text: he

text: declared

text: the

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Central

text: African

text: Republic

text: and

text: served

text: as

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: first

text: prime

text: minister

text: MESAN

text: continued

text: to

text: exist

text: but

text: its

text: role

text: was

text: limited

text: After

text: Boganda

text: 's

text: death

text: in

text: a

text: plane

text: crash

text: on

text: March

text: his

text: cousin

text: David

text: Dacko

text: took

text: control

text: of

text: MESAN

text: and

text: became

text: the

text: country

text: 's

text: first

text: president

text: after

text: the

text: CAR

text: had

text: formally

text: received

text: independence

text: from

text: France

text: Dacko

text: threw

text: out

text: his

text: political

text: rivals

text: including

text: former

text: Prime

text: Minister

text: and

text: Mouvement

text: d'évolution

text: démocratique

text: de

text: l'Afrique

text: centrale

text: MEDAC

text: leader

text: Abel

text: Goumba

text: whom

text: he

text: forced

text: into

text: exile

text: in

text: France

text: With

text: all

text: opposition

text: parties

text: suppressed

text: by

text: November

text: Dacko

text: declared

text: MESAN

text: as

text: the

text: official

text: party

text: of

text: the

text: state

question: What was the overwhelming amount of votes MESAN captured?

answer: 347,000 out of the total 356,000 votes

text: 347,000 out of the total 356,000 votes

question: How many seats did MESAN win?

answer: every legislative seat

text: every legislative seat

question: Who was elected president of the Grand Council?

answer: Boganda

text: Boganda

question: How did Boganda die?

answer: a plane crash

text: a plane crash

question: Who took over after Boganda died?

answer: his cousin, David Dacko

text: his cousin, David Dacko

question: When did David Dacko die in a plane crash?

text: 29 March 1959

question: Who was forced into exile in MESAN?

text: Abel Goumba

question: When all opposition was suppressed by 1957 what did Dacko do?

question: In what year was the French Assembly election?

text: in 1957

question: How many votes did Abel Goumba have in the election?

text: 347,000 out of the total 356,000 votes


text: There are two main termini for bus services. As the biggest operator, First uses stops around Pound Tree Road. This leaves the other terminal of West Quay available for other operators. Uni-link passes West Quay in both directions, and Wilts & Dorset drop passengers off and pick them up there, terminating at a series of bus stands along the road. Certain Bluestar services also do this, while others stop at Bargate and some loop round West Quay, stopping at Hanover Buildings. There was a tram system from 1879 to 1949.

title: Southampton

title: Southampton

text: There

text: are

text: two

text: main

text: termini

text: for

text: bus

text: services

text: As

text: the

text: biggest

text: operator

text: First

text: uses

text: stops

text: around

text: Pound

text: Tree

text: Road

text: This

text: leaves

text: the

text: other

text: terminal

text: of

text: West

text: Quay

text: available

text: for

text: other

text: operators

text: Uni

text: link

text: passes

text: West

text: Quay

text: in

text: both

text: directions

text: and

text: Wilts

text: Dorset

text: drop

text: passengers

text: off

text: and

text: pick

text: them

text: up

text: there

text: terminating

text: at

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: bus

text: stands

text: along

text: the

text: road

text: Certain

text: Bluestar

text: services

text: also

text: do

text: this

text: while

text: others

text: stop

text: at

text: Bargate

text: and

text: some

text: loop

text: round

text: West

text: Quay

text: stopping

text: at

text: Hanover

text: Buildings

text: There

text: was

text: a

text: tram

text: system

text: from

text: to

question: What road does First use stops around to leave a terminal available for other buses?

answer: Pound Tree Road

text: Pound Tree Road

question: Which bus service passes West Quay going in both directions?

answer: Uni-link

text: Uni-link

question: What operator drops off and picks up passengers at West Quay?

answer: Wilts & Dorset

text: Wilts & Dorset

question: When did the tram system stop operating in Southampton?

answer: 1949

question: Where do buses that loop around West Quay stop?

answer: Hanover Buildings

text: Hanover Buildings


text: The global dog population is estimated at 525 million:225 based on a transparent methodology, as opposed to other estimates where the methodology has not been made available – all dog population estimates are based on regional human population densities and land uses.

title: Dog

title: Dog

text: The

text: global

text: dog

text: population

text: is

text: estimated

text: at

text: based

text: on

text: a

text: transparent

text: methodology

text: as

text: opposed

text: to

text: other

text: estimates

text: where

text: the

text: methodology

text: has

text: not

text: been

text: made

text: available

text: all

text: dog

text: population

text: estimates

text: are

text: based

text: on

text: regional

text: human

text: population

text: densities

text: and

text: land

text: uses

question: What is the larger count for numbers of dogs considered to populate the planet?

answer: 525 million

text: 525 million

question: How many dogs are estimated to be in the world?

answer: 525 million

text: 525 million

question: What are dog population estimates based on other than land uses?

answer: human population densities

text: human population densities


text: Muslim physicians contributed to the field of medicine, including the subjects of anatomy and physiology: such as in the 15th century Persian work by Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas entitled Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body) which contained comprehensive diagrams of the body's structural, nervous and circulatory systems; or in the work of the Egyptian physician Ibn al-Nafis, who proposed the theory of pulmonary circulation. Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine remained an authoritative medical textbook in Europe until the 18th century. Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (also known as Abulcasis) contributed to the discipline of medical surgery with his Kitab al-Tasrif ("Book of Concessions"), a medical encyclopedia which was later translated to Latin and used in European and Muslim medical schools for centuries. Other medical advancements came in the fields of pharmacology and pharmacy.

title: Muslim_world

title: Muslim_world

text: Muslim

text: physicians

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: field

text: of

text: medicine

text: including

text: the

text: subjects

text: of

text: anatomy

text: and

text: physiology

text: such

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: century

text: Persian

text: work

text: by

text: Mansur

text: ibn

text: Muhammad

text: ibn

text: al

text: Faqih

text: Ilyas

text: entitled

text: Tashrih

text: al

text: badan

text: Anatomy

text: of

text: the

text: body

text: which

text: contained

text: comprehensive

text: diagrams

text: of

text: the

text: body

text: 's

text: structural

text: nervous

text: and

text: circulatory

text: systems

text: or

text: in

text: the

text: work

text: of

text: the

text: Egyptian

text: physician

text: Ibn

text: al

text: Nafis

text: who

text: proposed

text: the

text: theory

text: of

text: pulmonary

text: circulation

text: Avicenna

text: 's

text: The

text: Canon

text: of

text: Medicine

text: remained

text: an

text: authoritative

text: medical

text: textbook

text: in

text: Europe

text: until

text: the

text: century

text: Abu

text: al

text: Qasim

text: al

text: Zahrawi

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: Abulcasis

text: contributed

text: to

text: the

text: discipline

text: of

text: medical

text: surgery

text: with

text: his

text: Kitab

text: al

text: Tasrif

text: Book

text: of

text: Concessions

text: a

text: medical

text: encyclopedia

text: which

text: was

text: later

text: translated

text: to

text: Latin

text: and

text: used

text: in

text: European

text: and

text: Muslim

text: medical

text: schools

text: for

text: centuries

text: Other

text: medical

text: advancements

text: came

text: in

text: the

text: fields

text: of

text: pharmacology

text: and

text: pharmacy

question: What work is Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas known for writing?

answer: Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body)

text: Tashrih al-badan (Anatomy of the body)

question: In what century did Tashrih al-badan come into being?

answer: 15th century

text: 15th century

question: Who theorized about pulmonary circulation?

answer: Ibn al-Nafis

text: Ibn al-Nafis

question: Who wrote The Canon of Medicine?

answer: Avicenna

text: Avicenna

question: Who wrote Kitab al-Tasrif?

answer: Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi

text: Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi

question: Who first established the fields of anatomy and phusiology?

text: Muslim physicians

question: Who wrote Anatomy of the body in the 1500's?

text: Mansur ibn Muhammad ibn al-Faqih Ilyas

question: What photos where found in Anatomy of the body?

question: What book was a standard text in universities until the 1800's?

text: The Canon of Medicine

question: What Latin encyclopedia was used in medical schools for centuries?

text: Book of Concessions"


text: Many adaptations of the instrument have been done to cater to the special needs of Indian Carnatic music. In Indian classical music and Indian light music, the mandolin, which bears little resemblance to the European mandolin, is usually tuned E-B-E-B. As there is no concept of absolute pitch in Indian classical music, any convenient tuning maintaining these relative pitch intervals between the strings can be used. Another prevalent tuning with these intervals is C-G-C-G, which corresponds to Sa-Pa-Sa-Pa in the Indian carnatic classical music style. This tuning corresponds to the way violins are tuned for carnatic classical music. This type of mandolin is also used in Bhangra, dance music popular in Punjabi culture.

title: Mandolin

title: Mandolin

text: Many

text: adaptations

text: of

text: the

text: instrument

text: have

text: been

text: done

text: to

text: cater

text: to

text: the

text: special

text: needs

text: of

text: Indian

text: Carnatic

text: music

text: In

text: Indian

text: classical

text: music

text: and

text: Indian

text: light

text: music

text: the

text: mandolin

text: which

text: bears

text: little

text: resemblance

text: to

text: the

text: European

text: mandolin

text: is

text: usually

text: tuned

text: E

text: B

text: E

text: B.

text: As

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: concept

text: of

text: absolute

text: pitch

text: in

text: Indian

text: classical

text: music

text: any

text: convenient

text: tuning

text: maintaining

text: these

text: relative

text: pitch

text: intervals

text: between

text: the

text: strings

text: can

text: be

text: used

text: Another

text: prevalent

text: tuning

text: with

text: these

text: intervals

text: is

text: C

text: G

text: C

text: G

text: which

text: corresponds

text: to

text: Sa

text: Pa

text: Sa

text: Pa

text: in

text: the

text: Indian

text: carnatic

text: classical

text: music

text: style

text: This

text: tuning

text: corresponds

text: to

text: the

text: way

text: violins

text: are

text: tuned

text: for

text: carnatic

text: classical

text: music

text: This

text: type

text: of

text: mandolin

text: is

text: also

text: used

text: in

text: Bhangra

text: dance

text: music

text: popular

text: in

text: Punjabi

text: culture

question: Many adaptations of the instruments were done to cater to what type of music?

answer: Indian Carnatic

text: Indian Carnatic

question: What is the mandolin usually tuned to for Indian music?

answer: E-B-E-B.

text: E-B-E-B.

question: There is no concept of what in Indian music?

answer: absolute pitch

text: absolute pitch

question: What is another popular madonlin tuning?

answer: C-G-C-G

text: C-G-C-G

question: These mandolin are used in a popular dance music called?

answer: Bhangra

text: Bhangra

question: Many adaptations of the instruments were done to not cater to what type of music?

text: Indian Carnatic

question: What is the mandolin usually tuned to for Asian music?

text: E-B-E-B

question: There is no concept of what in Asian music?

text: absolute pitch

question: What is not a popular madonlin tuning?

text: C-G-C-G,

question: These mandolin are used in unpopular dance music called?

text: Bhangra


text: The compression works by reducing the accuracy of certain parts of a sound that are considered to be beyond the auditory resolution ability of most people. This method is commonly referred to as perceptual coding. It uses psychoacoustic models to discard or reduce precision of components less audible to human hearing, and then records the remaining information in an efficient manner.

title: MP3

title: MP3

text: The

text: compression

text: works

text: by

text: reducing

text: the

text: accuracy

text: of

text: certain

text: parts

text: of

text: a

text: sound

text: that

text: are

text: considered

text: to

text: be

text: beyond

text: the

text: auditory

text: resolution

text: ability

text: of

text: most

text: people

text: This

text: method

text: is

text: commonly

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: perceptual

text: coding

text: It

text: uses

text: psychoacoustic

text: models

text: to

text: discard

text: or

text: reduce

text: precision

text: of

text: components

text: less

text: audible

text: to

text: human

text: hearing

text: and

text: then

text: records

text: the

text: remaining

text: information

text: in

text: an

text: efficient

text: manner

question: What does the compression target in the song?

answer: accuracy

text: accuracy

question: The targetting focuses on what aspect that is beyond the ability of most people?

answer: auditory resolution

text: auditory resolution

question: What is this method commonly referred to as?

answer: perceptual coding

text: perceptual coding

question: What kind of model is used in this kind of compression?

answer: psychoacoustic

text: psychoacoustic

question: These models ensure that the precision is reduced for the components that are what to human hearing?

answer: less audible

text: less audible


text: During the Hellenistic period the importance of Greece proper within the Greek-speaking world declined sharply. The great centers of Hellenistic culture were Alexandria and Antioch, capitals of Ptolemaic Egypt and Seleucid Syria respectively. The conquests of Alexander greatly widened the horizons of the Greek world, making the endless conflicts between the cities which had marked the 5th and 4th centuries BC seem petty and unimportant. It led to a steady emigration, particularly of the young and ambitious, to the new Greek empires in the east. Many Greeks migrated to Alexandria, Antioch and the many other new Hellenistic cities founded in Alexander's wake, as far away as modern Afghanistan and Pakistan.

title: Hellenistic_period

title: Hellenistic_period

text: During

text: the

text: Hellenistic

text: period

text: the

text: importance

text: of

text: Greece

text: proper

text: within

text: the

text: Greek

text: speaking

text: world

text: declined

text: sharply

text: The

text: great

text: centers

text: of

text: Hellenistic

text: culture

text: were

text: Alexandria

text: and

text: Antioch

text: capitals

text: of

text: Ptolemaic

text: Egypt

text: and

text: Seleucid

text: Syria

text: respectively

text: The

text: conquests

text: of

text: Alexander

text: greatly

text: widened

text: the

text: horizons

text: of

text: the

text: Greek

text: world

text: making

text: the

text: endless

text: conflicts

text: between

text: the

text: cities

text: which

text: had

text: marked

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: BC

text: seem

text: petty

text: and

text: unimportant

text: It

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: steady

text: emigration

text: particularly

text: of

text: the

text: young

text: and

text: ambitious

text: to

text: the

text: new

text: Greek

text: empires

text: in

text: the

text: east

text: Many

text: Greeks

text: migrated

text: to

text: Alexandria

text: Antioch

text: and

text: the

text: many

text: other

text: new

text: Hellenistic

text: cities

text: founded

text: in

text: Alexander

text: 's

text: wake

text: as

text: far

text: away

text: as

text: modern

text: Afghanistan

text: and

text: Pakistan

question: What was the capital of the Ptolemaic Egypt?

answer: Alexandria

text: Alexandria

question: What was the capital of Seleucid Syria?

answer: Antioch

text: Antioch

question: Alexander and Antioch were centers of what culture?

answer: Hellenistic

text: Hellenistic

question: What leaders conquests widened the horizons of the Greek world?

answer: Alexander

text: Alexander

question: What particular demographic emigrated to the new Greek empires?

answer: young and ambitious

text: young and ambitious


text: The economic reforms of President Carlos Salinas de Gortari had a tremendous effect on the city, as a number of businesses, including banks and airlines, were privatized. He also signed the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This led to decentralization and a shift in Mexico City's economic base, from manufacturing to services, as most factories moved away to either the State of Mexico, or more commonly to the northern border. By contrast, corporate office buildings set their base in the city.

title: Mexico_City

title: Mexico_City

text: The

text: economic

text: reforms

text: of

text: President

text: Carlos

text: Salinas

text: de

text: Gortari

text: had

text: a

text: tremendous

text: effect

text: on

text: the

text: city

text: as

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: businesses

text: including

text: banks

text: and

text: airlines

text: were

text: privatized

text: He

text: also

text: signed

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: Free

text: Trade

text: Agreement

text: NAFTA

text: This

text: led

text: to

text: decentralization

text: and

text: a

text: shift

text: in

text: Mexico

text: City

text: 's

text: economic

text: base

text: from

text: manufacturing

text: to

text: services

text: as

text: most

text: factories

text: moved

text: away

text: to

text: either

text: the

text: State

text: of

text: Mexico

text: or

text: more

text: commonly

text: to

text: the

text: northern

text: border

text: By

text: contrast

text: corporate

text: office

text: buildings

text: set

text: their

text: base

text: in

text: the

text: city

question: Who privatized the airlines of Mexico?

answer: President Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: President Carlos Salinas de Gortari

question: Who signed NAFTA for Mexico?

answer: President Carlos Salinas de Gortari

text: President Carlos Salinas de Gortari

question: What did NAFTA do to the businesses in Mexico City?

answer: led to decentralization and a shift in Mexico City's economic base, from manufacturing to services

text: led to decentralization and a shift in Mexico City's economic base, from manufacturing to services

question: Where did the factories of Mexico City move to most commonly?

answer: northern border

text: northern border


text: The eastern shoreline of Funafuti Lagoon was modified during World War II when the airfield (what is now Funafuti International Airport) was constructed. The coral base of the atoll was used as fill to create the runway. The resulting borrow pits impacted the fresh-water aquifer. In the low areas of Funafuti the sea water can be seen bubbling up through the porous coral rock to form pools with each high tide. Since 1994 a project has been in development to assess the environmental impact of transporting sand from the lagoon to fill all the borrow pits and low-lying areas on Fongafale. In 2014 the Tuvalu Borrow Pits Remediation (BPR) project was approved in order to fill 10 borrow pits, leaving Tafua Pond, which is a natural pond. The New Zealand Government funded the BPR project. The project was carried out in 2015 with 365,000 sqm of sand being dredged from the lagoon to fill the holes and improve living conditions on the island. This project increase the usable land space on Fongafale by eight per cent.

title: Tuvalu

title: Tuvalu

text: The

text: eastern

text: shoreline

text: of

text: Funafuti

text: Lagoon

text: was

text: modified

text: during

text: World

text: War

text: II

text: when

text: the

text: airfield

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: Funafuti

text: International

text: Airport

text: was

text: constructed

text: The

text: coral

text: base

text: of

text: the

text: atoll

text: was

text: used

text: as

text: fill

text: to

text: create

text: the

text: runway

text: The

text: resulting

text: borrow

text: pits

text: impacted

text: the

text: fresh

text: water

text: aquifer

text: In

text: the

text: low

text: areas

text: of

text: Funafuti

text: the

text: sea

text: water

text: can

text: be

text: seen

text: bubbling

text: up

text: through

text: the

text: porous

text: coral

text: rock

text: to

text: form

text: pools

text: with

text: each

text: high

text: tide

text: Since

text: a

text: project

text: has

text: been

text: in

text: development

text: to

text: assess

text: the

text: environmental

text: impact

text: of

text: transporting

text: sand

text: from

text: the

text: lagoon

text: to

text: fill

text: all

text: the

text: borrow

text: pits

text: and

text: low

text: lying

text: areas

text: on

text: Fongafale

text: In

text: the

text: Tuvalu

text: Borrow

text: Pits

text: Remediation

text: BPR

text: project

text: was

text: approved

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: fill

text: borrow

text: pits

text: leaving

text: Tafua

text: Pond

text: which

text: is

text: a

text: natural

text: pond

text: The

text: New

text: Zealand

text: Government

text: funded

text: the

text: BPR

text: project

text: The

text: project

text: was

text: carried

text: out

text: in

text: with

text: sqm

text: of

text: sand

text: being

text: dredged

text: from

text: the

text: lagoon

text: to

text: fill

text: the

text: holes

text: and

text: improve

text: living

text: conditions

text: on

text: the

text: island

text: This

text: project

text: increase

text: the

text: usable

text: land

text: space

text: on

text: Fongafale

text: by

text: eight

text: per

text: cent

question: What is the modern name for the air field built during WWII?

answer: Funafuti International Airport

text: Funafuti International Airport

question: What was damaged by building of the war time air field?

answer: Funafuti Lagoon

text: Funafuti Lagoon

question: What has the pits from the Tuvalu air runways construction  impacted?

answer: fresh-water aquifer

text: fresh-water aquifer

question: What government funded the restoration of the borrow pits on Tuvalu?

answer: New Zealand Government

text: New Zealand Government

question: How much increase in land space did the filling of the borrow pits cause?

answer: eight per cent

text: eight per cent


text: The rivalries between the Arab tribes had caused unrest in the provinces outside Syria, most notably in the Second Muslim Civil War of 680–692 CE and the Berber Revolt of 740–743 CE. During the Second Civil War, leadership of the Umayyad clan shifted from the Sufyanid branch of the family to the Marwanid branch. As the constant campaigning exhausted the resources and manpower of the state, the Umayyads, weakened by the Third Muslim Civil War of 744–747 CE, were finally toppled by the Abbasid Revolution in 750 CE/132 AH. A branch of the family fled across North Africa to Al-Andalus, where they established the Caliphate of Córdoba, which lasted until 1031 before falling due to the Fitna of al-Ándalus.

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

title: Umayyad_Caliphate

text: The

text: rivalries

text: between

text: the

text: Arab

text: tribes

text: had

text: caused

text: unrest

text: in

text: the

text: provinces

text: outside

text: Syria

text: most

text: notably

text: in

text: the

text: Second

text: Muslim

text: Civil

text: War

text: of

text: CE

text: and

text: the

text: Berber

text: Revolt

text: of

text: CE

text: During

text: the

text: Second

text: Civil

text: War

text: leadership

text: of

text: the

text: Umayyad

text: clan

text: shifted

text: from

text: the

text: Sufyanid

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: family

text: to

text: the

text: Marwanid

text: branch

text: As

text: the

text: constant

text: campaigning

text: exhausted

text: the

text: resources

text: and

text: manpower

text: of

text: the

text: state

text: the

text: Umayyads

text: weakened

text: by

text: the

text: Third

text: Muslim

text: Civil

text: War

text: of

text: CE

text: were

text: finally

text: toppled

text: by

text: the

text: Abbasid

text: Revolution

text: in

text: AH

text: A

text: branch

text: of

text: the

text: family

text: fled

text: across

text: North

text: Africa

text: to

text: Al

text: Andalus

text: where

text: they

text: established

text: the

text: Caliphate

text: of

text: Córdoba

text: which

text: lasted

text: until

text: before

text: falling

text: due

text: to

text: the

text: Fitna

text: of

text: al

text: Ándalus

question: In what year CE did the Second Muslim Civil War end?

answer: 692

question: During what period did the Berber Revolt occur?

answer: 740–743 CE

text: 740–743 CE

question: What branch took over Umayyad leadership during the Second Civil War?

answer: Marwanid

text: Marwanid

question: What caused unrest in the provinces inside Syria?

text: rivalries between the Arab tribes

question: In what years did the First Muslim Civil War occur?

text: 680–692 CE

question: When did leadership shift from the Marwanid branch to the Sufyanid branch?

text: During the Second Civil War

question: What year was the Caliphate of Cordoba started?

question: What war strengthened the Umayyads?

text: Third Muslim Civil War