text: While the concept of a "social market economy" was only introduced into EU law in 2007, free movement and trade were central to European development since the Treaty of Rome 1957. According to the standard theory of comparative advantage, two countries can both benefit from trade even if one of them has a less productive economy in all respects. Like in other regional organisations such as the North American Free Trade Association, or the World Trade Organisation, breaking down barriers to trade, and enhancing free movement of goods, services, labour and capital, is meant to reduce consumer prices. It was originally theorised that a free trade area had a tendency to give way to a customs union, which led to a common market, then monetary union, then union of monetary and fiscal policy, political and eventually a full union characteristic of a federal state. In Europe, however, those stages were considerably mixed, and it remains unclear whether the "endgame" should be the same as a state, traditionally understood. In practice free trade, without standards to ensure fair trade, can benefit some people and groups within countries (particularly big business) much more than others, but will burden people who lack bargaining power in an expanding market, particularly workers, consumers, small business, developing industries, and communities. The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union articles 28 to 37 establish the principle of free movement of goods in the EU, while articles 45 to 66 require free movement of persons, services and capital. These so-called "four freedoms" were thought to be inhibited by physical barriers (e.g. customs), technical barriers (e.g. differing laws on safety, consumer or environmental standards) and fiscal barriers (e.g. different Value Added Tax rates). The tension in the law is that the free movement and trade is not supposed to spill over into a licence for unrestricted commercial profit. The Treaties limit free trade, to prioritise other values such as public health, consumer protection, labour rights, fair competition, and environmental improvement. Increasingly the Court of Justice has taken the view that the specific goals of free trade are underpinned by the general aims of the treaty for improvement of people's well being.

title: European_Union_law

title: European_Union_law

text: While

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: a

text: social

text: market

text: economy

text: was

text: only

text: introduced

text: into

text: EU

text: law

text: in

text: free

text: movement

text: and

text: trade

text: were

text: central

text: to

text: European

text: development

text: since

text: the

text: Treaty

text: of

text: Rome

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: standard

text: theory

text: of

text: comparative

text: advantage

text: two

text: countries

text: can

text: both

text: benefit

text: from

text: trade

text: even

text: if

text: one

text: of

text: them

text: has

text: a

text: less

text: productive

text: economy

text: in

text: all

text: respects

text: Like

text: in

text: other

text: regional

text: organisations

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: Free

text: Trade

text: Association

text: or

text: the

text: World

text: Trade

text: Organisation

text: breaking

text: down

text: barriers

text: to

text: trade

text: and

text: enhancing

text: free

text: movement

text: of

text: goods

text: services

text: labour

text: and

text: capital

text: is

text: meant

text: to

text: reduce

text: consumer

text: prices

text: It

text: was

text: originally

text: theorised

text: that

text: a

text: free

text: trade

text: area

text: had

text: a

text: tendency

text: to

text: give

text: way

text: to

text: a

text: customs

text: union

text: which

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: common

text: market

text: then

text: monetary

text: union

text: then

text: union

text: of

text: monetary

text: and

text: fiscal

text: policy

text: political

text: and

text: eventually

text: a

text: full

text: union

text: characteristic

text: of

text: a

text: federal

text: state

text: In

text: Europe

text: however

text: those

text: stages

text: were

text: considerably

text: mixed

text: and

text: it

text: remains

text: unclear

text: whether

text: the

text: endgame

text: should

text: be

text: the

text: same

text: as

text: a

text: state

text: traditionally

text: understood

text: In

text: practice

text: free

text: trade

text: without

text: standards

text: to

text: ensure

text: fair

text: trade

text: can

text: benefit

text: some

text: people

text: and

text: groups

text: within

text: countries

text: particularly

text: big

text: business

text: much

text: more

text: than

text: others

text: but

text: will

text: burden

text: people

text: who

text: lack

text: bargaining

text: power

text: in

text: an

text: expanding

text: market

text: particularly

text: workers

text: consumers

text: small

text: business

text: developing

text: industries

text: and

text: communities

text: The

text: Treaty

text: on

text: the

text: Functioning

text: of

text: the

text: European

text: Union

text: articles

text: to

text: establish

text: the

text: principle

text: of

text: free

text: movement

text: of

text: goods

text: in

text: the

text: EU

text: while

text: articles

text: to

text: require

text: free

text: movement

text: of

text: persons

text: services

text: and

text: capital

text: These

text: so

text: called

text: four

text: freedoms

text: were

text: thought

text: to

text: be

text: inhibited

text: by

text: physical

text: barriers

text: e.g.

text: customs

text: technical

text: barriers

text: e.g.

text: differing

text: laws

text: on

text: safety

text: consumer

text: or

text: environmental

text: standards

text: and

text: fiscal

text: barriers

text: e.g.

text: different

text: Value

text: Added

text: Tax

text: rates

text: The

text: tension

text: in

text: the

text: law

text: is

text: that

text: the

text: free

text: movement

text: and

text: trade

text: is

text: not

text: supposed

text: to

text: spill

text: over

text: into

text: a

text: licence

text: for

text: unrestricted

text: commercial

text: profit

text: The

text: Treaties

text: limit

text: free

text: trade

text: to

text: prioritise

text: other

text: values

text: such

text: as

text: public

text: health

text: consumer

text: protection

text: labour

text: rights

text: fair

text: competition

text: and

text: environmental

text: improvement

text: Increasingly

text: the

text: Court

text: of

text: Justice

text: has

text: taken

text: the

text: view

text: that

text: the

text: specific

text: goals

text: of

text: free

text: trade

text: are

text: underpinned

text: by

text: the

text: general

text: aims

text: of

text: the

text: treaty

text: for

text: improvement

text: of

text: people

text: 's

text: well

text: being

question: When was the concept of a social market economy introduced into EU law?

answer: 2007

answer: 2007

answer: 2007

question: How long has free movement and trade been central to European development?

answer: 1957

answer: 1957

answer: since the Treaty of Rome 1957

text: since the Treaty of Rome 1957

question: Breaking down barriers to trade and enhancing the free movement of goods is meant to reduce what?

answer: consumer prices

text: consumer prices

answer: consumer prices

text: consumer prices

answer: reduce consumer prices

text: reduce consumer prices

question: What do the Treaties generally limit?

answer: free trade

text: free trade

answer: free trade

text: free trade

answer: free trade

text: free trade

question: What entity has taken the view that the goals of free trade are underpinned by the aims to improve people's well being?

answer: the Court of Justice

text: the Court of Justice

answer: the Court of Justice

text: the Court of Justice

answer: the Court of Justice

text: the Court of Justice

question: What was not introduced into EU law in 2007?

text: the concept of a "social market economy

question: What was not central to European development since the Treaty of Rome 1957?

text: free movement and trade

question: What was not originally theorised about a free trade area?

question: What do the treaties not limit?

text: free trade

question: What entity has not taken the view that the specific goal of free trade are to underpinned by the general aims of improvement of people's well being?

text: the Court of Justice


text: The quick and decisive defeat of the Arab troops during the Six-Day War by Israeli troops constituted a pivotal event in the Arab Muslim world. The defeat along with economic stagnation in the defeated countries, was blamed on the secular Arab nationalism of the ruling regimes. A steep and steady decline in the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics ensued. Ba'athism, Arab socialism, and Arab nationalism suffered, and different democratic and anti-democratic Islamist movements inspired by Maududi and Sayyid Qutb gained ground.

title: Islamism

title: Islamism

text: The

text: quick

text: and

text: decisive

text: defeat

text: of

text: the

text: Arab

text: troops

text: during

text: the

text: Six

text: Day

text: War

text: by

text: Israeli

text: troops

text: constituted

text: a

text: pivotal

text: event

text: in

text: the

text: Arab

text: Muslim

text: world

text: The

text: defeat

text: along

text: with

text: economic

text: stagnation

text: in

text: the

text: defeated

text: countries

text: was

text: blamed

text: on

text: the

text: secular

text: Arab

text: nationalism

text: of

text: the

text: ruling

text: regimes

text: A

text: steep

text: and

text: steady

text: decline

text: in

text: the

text: popularity

text: and

text: credibility

text: of

text: secular

text: socialist

text: and

text: nationalist

text: politics

text: ensued

text: Ba'athism

text: Arab

text: socialism

text: and

text: Arab

text: nationalism

text: suffered

text: and

text: different

text: democratic

text: and

text: anti

text: democratic

text: Islamist

text: movements

text: inspired

text: by

text: Maududi

text: and

text: Sayyid

text: Qutb

text: gained

text: ground

question: What was the defeat of the Arab troops at the hand of the Israeli troops during the Six-Day War?

answer: quick and decisive

text: quick and decisive

answer: quick and decisive defeat

text: quick and decisive defeat

answer: quick and decisive

text: quick and decisive

question: The defeat of the Arab troops in the Six-Day War constituted what for the Arab Muslim world?

answer: a pivotal event

text: a pivotal event

answer: a pivotal event in the Arab Muslim world

text: a pivotal event in the Arab Muslim world

answer: pivotal event

text: pivotal event

question: Secular Arab nationalism was blamed for both the defeat of Arab troops as well as what type of stagnation?

answer: economic

text: economic

answer: economic stagnation

text: economic stagnation

answer: economic

text: economic

question: What happened to the credibility of secular politics as a result of the Six-Day War?

answer: A steep and steady decline

text: A steep and steady decline

answer: A steep and steady decline

text: A steep and steady decline

answer: steep and steady decline

text: steep and steady decline

question: What gained ground when Arab nationalism suffered?

answer: anti-democratic Islamist movements

text: anti-democratic Islamist movements

answer: anti-democratic Islamist movements inspired by Maududi and Sayyid Qutb

text: anti-democratic Islamist movements inspired by Maududi and Sayyid Qutb

answer: anti-democratic Islamist movements

text: anti-democratic Islamist movements

question: What was the defeat of the Arab troops at the hand of the Israeli troops during the Seven-Day War?

text: quick and decisive

question: The defeat of the Arab troops in the Seven-Day War constituted what for the Arab Muslim world?

text: pivotal event

question: Secular Arab nationalism was blamed for both the success of Arab troops as well as what type of stagnation?

text: economic

question: What happened to the credibility of secular politics as a result of the Eight-Day War?

text: A steep and steady decline

question: What declined when Arab nationalism suffered?

text: anti-democratic Islamist movements


text: In 1700 several hundred French Huguenots migrated from England to the colony of Virginia, where the English Crown had promised them land grants in Lower Norfolk County. When they arrived, colonial authorities offered them instead land 20 miles above the falls of the James River, at the abandoned Monacan village known as Manakin Town, now in Powhatan County. Some settlers landed in present-day Chesterfield County. On 12 May 1705, the Virginia General Assembly passed an act to naturalise the 148 Huguenots still resident at Manakintown. Of the original 390 settlers in the isolated settlement, many had died; others lived outside town on farms in the English style; and others moved to different areas. Gradually they intermarried with their English neighbors. Through the 18th and 19th centuries, descendants of the French migrated west into the Piedmont, and across the Appalachian Mountains into the West of what became Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri, and other states. In the Manakintown area, the Huguenot Memorial Bridge across the James River and Huguenot Road were named in their honor, as were many local features, including several schools, including Huguenot High School.

title: Huguenot

title: Huguenot

text: In

text: several

text: hundred

text: French

text: Huguenots

text: migrated

text: from

text: England

text: to

text: the

text: colony

text: of

text: Virginia

text: where

text: the

text: English

text: Crown

text: had

text: promised

text: them

text: land

text: grants

text: in

text: Lower

text: Norfolk

text: County

text: When

text: they

text: arrived

text: colonial

text: authorities

text: offered

text: them

text: instead

text: land

text: miles

text: above

text: the

text: falls

text: of

text: the

text: James

text: River

text: at

text: the

text: abandoned

text: Monacan

text: village

text: known

text: as

text: Manakin

text: Town

text: now

text: in

text: Powhatan

text: County

text: Some

text: settlers

text: landed

text: in

text: present

text: day

text: Chesterfield

text: County

text: On

text: May

text: the

text: Virginia

text: General

text: Assembly

text: passed

text: an

text: act

text: to

text: naturalise

text: the

text: Huguenots

text: still

text: resident

text: at

text: Manakintown

text: Of

text: the

text: original

text: settlers

text: in

text: the

text: isolated

text: settlement

text: many

text: had

text: died

text: others

text: lived

text: outside

text: town

text: on

text: farms

text: in

text: the

text: English

text: style

text: and

text: others

text: moved

text: to

text: different

text: areas

text: Gradually

text: they

text: intermarried

text: with

text: their

text: English

text: neighbors

text: Through

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: descendants

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: migrated

text: west

text: into

text: the

text: Piedmont

text: and

text: across

text: the

text: Appalachian

text: Mountains

text: into

text: the

text: West

text: of

text: what

text: became

text: Kentucky

text: Tennessee

text: Missouri

text: and

text: other

text: states

text: In

text: the

text: Manakintown

text: area

text: the

text: Huguenot

text: Memorial

text: Bridge

text: across

text: the

text: James

text: River

text: and

text: Huguenot

text: Road

text: were

text: named

text: in

text: their

text: honor

text: as

text: were

text: many

text: local

text: features

text: including

text: several

text: schools

text: including

text: Huguenot

text: High

text: School

question: In what English colony were Huguenot settlers promised land?

answer: Virginia

text: Virginia

answer: Virginia

text: Virginia

answer: Virginia

text: Virginia

question: In what area of this British colony were Huguenot land grants?

answer: Lower Norfolk County

text: Lower Norfolk County

answer: Lower Norfolk County

text: Lower Norfolk County

answer: Lower Norfolk County

text: Lower Norfolk County

question: What town was actually granted to the Huguenots on arrival?

answer: Manakin Town

text: Manakin Town

answer: Manakin Town

text: Manakin Town

answer: Manakin Town

text: Manakin Town

question: How many settlers original settled in Manakintown?

answer: 390

answer: 390

answer: 390

question: When were these settlers naturalized as English colonists?

answer: 12 May 1705

text: 12 May 1705

answer: 1705

answer: 12 May 1705

text: 12 May 1705

question: How many French Huguenots eventually moved to Missouri from Manakin Town?

question: How many French Huguenots in Manakin Town ended up moving to Kentucky?

question: How many French Huguenot residents of Manakin Town actually live outside the town on farms?

question: In what century was the Huguenot Memorial Bridge built?

question: In what year had Manakin Town first been abandoned?


text: Imperialism is a type of advocacy of empire. Its name originated from the Latin word "imperium", which means to rule over large territories. Imperialism is "a policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, use of military force, or other means". Imperialism has greatly shaped the contemporary world. It has also allowed for the rapid spread of technologies and ideas. The term imperialism has been applied to Western (and Japanese) political and economic dominance especially in Asia and Africa in the 19th and 20th centuries. Its precise meaning continues to be debated by scholars. Some writers, such as Edward Said, use the term more broadly to describe any system of domination and subordination organised with an imperial center and a periphery.

title: Imperialism

title: Imperialism

text: Imperialism

text: is

text: a

text: type

text: of

text: advocacy

text: of

text: empire

text: Its

text: name

text: originated

text: from

text: the

text: Latin

text: word

text: imperium

text: which

text: means

text: to

text: rule

text: over

text: large

text: territories

text: Imperialism

text: is

text: a

text: policy

text: of

text: extending

text: a

text: country

text: 's

text: power

text: and

text: influence

text: through

text: colonization

text: use

text: of

text: military

text: force

text: or

text: other

text: means

text: Imperialism

text: has

text: greatly

text: shaped

text: the

text: contemporary

text: world

text: It

text: has

text: also

text: allowed

text: for

text: the

text: rapid

text: spread

text: of

text: technologies

text: and

text: ideas

text: The

text: term

text: imperialism

text: has

text: been

text: applied

text: to

text: Western

text: and

text: Japanese

text: political

text: and

text: economic

text: dominance

text: especially

text: in

text: Asia

text: and

text: Africa

text: in

text: the

text: and

text: centuries

text: Its

text: precise

text: meaning

text: continues

text: to

text: be

text: debated

text: by

text: scholars

text: Some

text: writers

text: such

text: as

text: Edward

text: Said

text: use

text: the

text: term

text: more

text: broadly

text: to

text: describe

text: any

text: system

text: of

text: domination

text: and

text: subordination

text: organised

text: with

text: an

text: imperial

text: center

text: and

text: a

text: periphery

question: The word imperialism has it's origins in which ancient language?

answer: Latin

text: Latin

answer: Latin

text: Latin

answer: Latin

text: Latin

answer: Latin

text: Latin

answer: Latin

text: Latin

question: By what means is imperialism usually administered?

answer: military force

text: military force

answer: colonization, use of military force, or other means

text: colonization, use of military force, or other means

answer: colonization, use of military force, or other means

text: colonization, use of military force, or other means

answer: colonization, use of military force, or other

text: colonization, use of military force, or other

answer: colonization

text: colonization

question: The term imperialism has been applied to western countries, and which eastern county?

answer: Japan

text: Japan

answer: Japan

text: Japan

answer: Japanese

text: Japanese

answer: Japanese

text: Japanese

answer: Japan

text: Japan

question: Imperialism is responsible for the rapid spread of what?

answer: technologies and ideas

text: technologies and ideas

answer: technologies and ideas

text: technologies and ideas

answer: technologies and ideas

text: technologies and ideas

answer: technologies and ideas

text: technologies and ideas

answer: technologies and ideas.

text: technologies and ideas.

question: The word imperialism has it's origins in which modern language?

text: Latin

question: By what means is imperialism never administered?

text: military force

question: In which century do most consider the beginning of imperialism?

question: The term imperialism has never been applied to western countries, and which eastern county?

text: Japanese

question: Imperialism is responsible for the slow spread of what?

text: technologies and ideas


text: In 1271, Kublai Khan imposed the name Great Yuan (Chinese: 大元; pinyin: Dà Yuán; Wade–Giles: Ta-Yüan), establishing the Yuan dynasty. "Dà Yuán" (大元) is from the sentence "大哉乾元" (dà zai Qián Yuán / "Great is Qián, the Primal") in the Commentaries on the Classic of Changes (I Ching) section regarding Qián (乾). The counterpart in Mongolian language was Dai Ön Ulus, also rendered as Ikh Yuan Üls or Yekhe Yuan Ulus. In Mongolian, Dai Ön (Great Yuan) is often used in conjunction with the "Yeke Mongghul Ulus" (lit. "Great Mongol State"), resulting in Dai Ön Yeke Mongghul Ulus (Mongolian script: ), meaning "Great Yuan Great Mongol State". The Yuan dynasty is also known as the "Mongol dynasty" or "Mongol Dynasty of China", similar to the names "Manchu dynasty" or "Manchu Dynasty of China" for the Qing dynasty. Furthermore, the Yuan is sometimes known as the "Empire of the Great Khan" or "Khanate of the Great Khan", which particularly appeared on some Yuan maps, since Yuan emperors held the nominal title of Great Khan. Nevertheless, both terms can also refer to the khanate within the Mongol Empire directly ruled by Great Khans before the actual establishment of the Yuan dynasty by Kublai Khan in 1271.

title: Yuan_dynasty

title: Yuan_dynasty

text: In

text: Kublai

text: Khan

text: imposed

text: the

text: name

text: Great

text: Yuan

text: Chinese

text: 大元

text: pinyin

text: Dà

text: Yuán

text: Wade

text: Giles

text: Ta

text: Yüan

text: establishing

text: the

text: Yuan

text: dynasty

text: Dà

text: Yuán

text: 大元

text: is

text: from

text: the

text: sentence

text: 大哉乾元

text: dà

text: zai

text: Qián

text: Yuán

text: Great

text: is

text: Qián

text: the

text: Primal

text: in

text: the

text: Commentaries

text: on

text: the

text: Classic

text: of

text: Changes

text: I

text: Ching

text: section

text: regarding

text: Qián

text: 乾

text: The

text: counterpart

text: in

text: Mongolian

text: language

text: was

text: Dai

text: Ön

text: Ulus

text: also

text: rendered

text: as

text: Ikh

text: Yuan

text: Üls

text: or

text: Yekhe

text: Yuan

text: Ulus

text: In

text: Mongolian

text: Dai

text: Ön

text: Great

text: Yuan

text: is

text: often

text: used

text: in

text: conjunction

text: with

text: the

text: Yeke

text: Mongghul

text: Ulus

text: lit

text: Great

text: Mongol

text: State

text: resulting

text: in

text: Dai

text: Ön

text: Yeke

text: Mongghul

text: Ulus

text: Mongolian

text: script

text: meaning

text: Great

text: Yuan

text: Great

text: Mongol

text: State

text: The

text: Yuan

text: dynasty

text: is

text: also

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Mongol

text: dynasty

text: or

text: Mongol

text: Dynasty

text: of

text: China

text: similar

text: to

text: the

text: names

text: Manchu

text: dynasty

text: or

text: Manchu

text: Dynasty

text: of

text: China

text: for

text: the

text: Qing

text: dynasty

text: Furthermore

text: the

text: Yuan

text: is

text: sometimes

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Empire

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Khan

text: or

text: Khanate

text: of

text: the

text: Great

text: Khan

text: which

text: particularly

text: appeared

text: on

text: some

text: Yuan

text: maps

text: since

text: Yuan

text: emperors

text: held

text: the

text: nominal

text: title

text: of

text: Great

text: Khan

text: Nevertheless

text: both

text: terms

text: can

text: also

text: refer

text: to

text: the

text: khanate

text: within

text: the

text: Mongol

text: Empire

text: directly

text: ruled

text: by

text: Great

text: Khans

text: before

text: the

text: actual

text: establishment

text: of

text: the

text: Yuan

text: dynasty

text: by

text: Kublai

text: Khan

text: in

question: When did Khan establish the Great Yuan?

answer: 1271

answer: 1271

answer: 1271

question: What writing inspired the name Great Yuan?

answer: the Commentaries on the Classic of Changes (I Ching)

text: the Commentaries on the Classic of Changes (I Ching)

answer: the Commentaries on the Classic of Changes

text: the Commentaries on the Classic of Changes

question: What was the Yuan dynasty called in Mongolian?

answer: Dai Ön Ulus, also rendered as Ikh Yuan Üls or Yekhe Yuan Ulus

text: Dai Ön Ulus, also rendered as Ikh Yuan Üls or Yekhe Yuan Ulus

answer: Dai Ön Ulus

text: Dai Ön Ulus

answer: Dai Ön Ulus

text: Dai Ön Ulus

question: What does Yeke Mongghul Ulus mean?

answer: Great Mongol State

text: Great Mongol State

answer: Great Mongol State

text: Great Mongol State

answer: Great Mongol State

text: Great Mongol State

question: What nominal title did Yuan emperors have?

answer: Great Khan

text: Great Khan

answer: Great Khan

text: Great Khan

answer: Great Khan

text: Great Khan

question: When did Khan disestablish the Great Yuan?

question: What writing discouraged the name Great Yuan?

text: Commentaries on the Classic of Changes

question: What was the Yuan dynasty called in Japanese?

text: Dai Ön Ulus

question: What doesn't Yeke Mongghul Ulus mean?

text: Great Mongol State

question: What nominal title did Yuan emperors reject?

text: Great Khan


text: On 23 June 2005, Rep. Joe Barton, chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce wrote joint letters with Ed Whitfield, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations demanding full records on climate research, as well as personal information about their finances and careers, from Mann, Bradley and Hughes. Sherwood Boehlert, chairman of the House Science Committee, said this was a "misguided and illegitimate investigation" apparently aimed at intimidating scientists, and at his request the U.S. National Academy of Sciences arranged for its National Research Council to set up a special investigation. The National Research Council's report agreed that there were some statistical failings, but these had little effect on the graph, which was generally correct. In a 2006 letter to Nature, Mann, Bradley, and Hughes pointed out that their original article had said that "more widespread high-resolution data are needed before more confident conclusions can be reached" and that the uncertainties were "the point of the article".

title: Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change

text: On

text: June

text: Rep.

text: Joe

text: Barton

text: chairman

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: Committee

text: on

text: Energy

text: and

text: Commerce

text: wrote

text: joint

text: letters

text: with

text: Ed

text: Whitfield

text: Chairman

text: of

text: the

text: Subcommittee

text: on

text: Oversight

text: and

text: Investigations

text: demanding

text: full

text: records

text: on

text: climate

text: research

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: personal

text: information

text: about

text: their

text: finances

text: and

text: careers

text: from

text: Mann

text: Bradley

text: and

text: Hughes

text: Sherwood

text: Boehlert

text: chairman

text: of

text: the

text: House

text: Science

text: Committee

text: said

text: this

text: was

text: a

text: misguided

text: and

text: illegitimate

text: investigation

text: apparently

text: aimed

text: at

text: intimidating

text: scientists

text: and

text: at

text: his

text: request

text: the

text: U.S.

text: National

text: Academy

text: of

text: Sciences

text: arranged

text: for

text: its

text: National

text: Research

text: Council

text: to

text: set

text: up

text: a

text: special

text: investigation

text: The

text: National

text: Research

text: Council

text: 's

text: report

text: agreed

text: that

text: there

text: were

text: some

text: statistical

text: failings

text: but

text: these

text: had

text: little

text: effect

text: on

text: the

text: graph

text: which

text: was

text: generally

text: correct

text: In

text: a

text: letter

text: to

text: Nature

text: Mann

text: Bradley

text: and

text: Hughes

text: pointed

text: out

text: that

text: their

text: original

text: article

text: had

text: said

text: that

text: more

text: widespread

text: high

text: resolution

text: data

text: are

text: needed

text: before

text: more

text: confident

text: conclusions

text: can

text: be

text: reached

text: and

text: that

text: the

text: uncertainties

text: were

text: the

text: point

text: of

text: the

text: article

question: Who was the chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce?

answer: Rep. Joe Barton

text: Rep. Joe Barton

answer: Rep. Joe Barton

text: Rep. Joe Barton

answer: Rep. Joe Barton

text: Rep. Joe Barton

question: Who was Chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations?

answer: Ed Whitfield

text: Ed Whitfield

answer: Ed Whitfield

text: Ed Whitfield

answer: Ed Whitfield

text: Ed Whitfield

question: When did Barton and Whitfield demand climate research records?

answer: 23 June 2005

text: 23 June 2005

answer: 23 June 2005

text: 23 June 2005

answer: 23 June 2005

text: 23 June 2005

question: Who was chairman of the House Science Committee?

answer: Sherwood Boehlert

text: Sherwood Boehlert

answer: Sherwood Boehlert

text: Sherwood Boehlert

answer: Sherwood Boehlert

text: Sherwood Boehlert

question: Who said Barton's investigation was "misguided and illegitimate"?

answer: Sherwood Boehlert

text: Sherwood Boehlert

answer: Sherwood Boehlert

text: Sherwood Boehlert

answer: Sherwood Boehlert, chairman of the House Science Committee

text: Sherwood Boehlert, chairman of the House Science Committee

question: To whom did Rep. Joe Barton write a letter?

text: Ed Whitfield

question: Who kept the full records on climate research?

text: House Committee on Energy and Commerce

question: Who suggested that the investigation was legitimate?

text: Sherwood Boehlert

question: Who were scientists intimidated by?

question: Which council's investigation found no statistical failings?

text: National Research Council


text: The origin of the legendary figure is not fully known. The best-known legend, by Artur Oppman, is that long ago two of Triton's daughters set out on a journey through the depths of the oceans and seas. One of them decided to stay on the coast of Denmark and can be seen sitting at the entrance to the port of Copenhagen. The second mermaid reached the mouth of the Vistula River and plunged into its waters. She stopped to rest on a sandy beach by the village of Warszowa, where fishermen came to admire her beauty and listen to her beautiful voice. A greedy merchant also heard her songs; he followed the fishermen and captured the mermaid.

title: Warsaw

title: Warsaw

text: The

text: origin

text: of

text: the

text: legendary

text: figure

text: is

text: not

text: fully

text: known

text: The

text: best

text: known

text: legend

text: by

text: Artur

text: Oppman

text: is

text: that

text: long

text: ago

text: two

text: of

text: Triton

text: 's

text: daughters

text: set

text: out

text: on

text: a

text: journey

text: through

text: the

text: depths

text: of

text: the

text: oceans

text: and

text: seas

text: One

text: of

text: them

text: decided

text: to

text: stay

text: on

text: the

text: coast

text: of

text: Denmark

text: and

text: can

text: be

text: seen

text: sitting

text: at

text: the

text: entrance

text: to

text: the

text: port

text: of

text: Copenhagen

text: The

text: second

text: mermaid

text: reached

text: the

text: mouth

text: of

text: the

text: Vistula

text: River

text: and

text: plunged

text: into

text: its

text: waters

text: She

text: stopped

text: to

text: rest

text: on

text: a

text: sandy

text: beach

text: by

text: the

text: village

text: of

text: Warszowa

text: where

text: fishermen

text: came

text: to

text: admire

text: her

text: beauty

text: and

text: listen

text: to

text: her

text: beautiful

text: voice

text: A

text: greedy

text: merchant

text: also

text: heard

text: her

text: songs

text: he

text: followed

text: the

text: fishermen

text: and

text: captured

text: the

text: mermaid

question: What did Artur Oppman give to the world?

answer: legend

text: legend

answer: The best-known legend

text: The best-known legend

answer: legend

text: legend

question: Where did two of Triton's daughters set out on a journey through?

answer: depths of the oceans and seas

text: depths of the oceans and seas

answer: depths of the oceans and seas

text: depths of the oceans and seas

answer: depths of the oceans and seas

text: depths of the oceans and seas

question: Where did one of Triton's daughters decide she wanted to hang out and stay?

answer: coast of Denmark

text: coast of Denmark

answer: coast of Denmark

text: coast of Denmark

answer: coast of Denmark

text: coast of Denmark

question: A mermaid stopped to rest on the sandy beach by what village?

answer: Warszowa

text: Warszowa

answer: village of Warszowa

text: village of Warszowa

answer: Warszowa

text: Warszowa

question: What did a greedy merchant do to the mermaid?

answer: captured

text: captured

answer: captured the mermaid

text: captured the mermaid

answer: captured

text: captured

question: What did Artur Triton give to the world?

text: legend

question: Where did two of Oppman's daughters set out on a journey through?

text: depths of the oceans and seas

question: Where did one of Oppman's daughters decide she wanted to hang out and stay?

text: coast of Denmark

question: At what village did a Triton stop to rest on a sandy beach

text: Warszowa

question: What did a greedy merchant do to Triton?

text: captured


text: The legendary religious zeal of the Normans was exercised in religious wars long before the First Crusade carved out a Norman principality in Antioch. They were major foreign participants in the Reconquista in Iberia. In 1018, Roger de Tosny travelled to the Iberian Peninsula to carve out a state for himself from Moorish lands, but failed. In 1064, during the War of Barbastro, William of Montreuil led the papal army and took a huge booty.

title: Normans

title: Normans

text: The

text: legendary

text: religious

text: zeal

text: of

text: the

text: Normans

text: was

text: exercised

text: in

text: religious

text: wars

text: long

text: before

text: the

text: First

text: Crusade

text: carved

text: out

text: a

text: Norman

text: principality

text: in

text: Antioch

text: They

text: were

text: major

text: foreign

text: participants

text: in

text: the

text: Reconquista

text: in

text: Iberia

text: In

text: Roger

text: de

text: Tosny

text: travelled

text: to

text: the

text: Iberian

text: Peninsula

text: to

text: carve

text: out

text: a

text: state

text: for

text: himself

text: from

text: Moorish

text: lands

text: but

text: failed

text: In

text: during

text: the

text: War

text: of

text: Barbastro

text: William

text: of

text: Montreuil

text: led

text: the

text: papal

text: army

text: and

text: took

text: a

text: huge

text: booty

question: What year did Roger de Tosny fail to accomplish what he set out to do?

answer: 1018

answer: 1064

answer: 1018

question: Who was in charge of the papal army in the War of Barbastro?

answer: William of Montreuil

text: William of Montreuil

answer: William of Montreuil

text: William of Montreuil

answer: William of Montreuil

text: William of Montreuil

question: Where did the Normans carve out a principality before the First Crusade?

text: Antioch

question: What did the Normans take part in in the 10th century?

text: Reconquista in Iberia

question: Who carved out a state for himself from Moorish lands?

text: Roger de Tosny

question: What war occured in the 1oth century?

text: the War of Barbastro


text: To make new legislation, TFEU article 294 defines the "ordinary legislative procedure" that applies for most EU acts. The essence is there are three readings, starting with a Commission proposal, where the Parliament must vote by a majority of all MEPs (not just those present) to block or suggest changes, and the Council must vote by qualified majority to approve changes, but by unanimity to block Commission amendment. Where the different institutions cannot agree at any stage, a "Conciliation Committee" is convened, representing MEPs, ministers and the Commission to try and get agreement on a joint text: if this works, it will be sent back to the Parliament and Council to approve by absolute and qualified majority. This means, legislation can be blocked by a majority in Parliament, a minority in the Council, and a majority in the Commission: it is harder to change EU law than stay the same. A different procedure exists for budgets. For "enhanced cooperation" among a sub-set of at least member states, authorisation must be given by the Council. Member state governments should be informed by the Commission at the outset before any proposals start the legislative procedure. The EU as a whole can only act within its power set out in the Treaties. TEU articles 4 and 5 state that powers remain with the member states unless they have been conferred, although there is a debate about the Kompetenz-Kompetenz question: who ultimately has the "competence" to define the EU's "competence". Many member state courts believe they decide, other member state Parliaments believe they decide, while within the EU, the Court of Justice believes it has the final say.

title: European_Union_law

title: European_Union_law

text: To

text: make

text: new

text: legislation

text: TFEU

text: article

text: defines

text: the

text: ordinary

text: legislative

text: procedure

text: that

text: applies

text: for

text: most

text: EU

text: acts

text: The

text: essence

text: is

text: there

text: are

text: three

text: readings

text: starting

text: with

text: a

text: Commission

text: proposal

text: where

text: the

text: Parliament

text: must

text: vote

text: by

text: a

text: majority

text: of

text: all

text: MEPs

text: not

text: just

text: those

text: present

text: to

text: block

text: or

text: suggest

text: changes

text: and

text: the

text: Council

text: must

text: vote

text: by

text: qualified

text: majority

text: to

text: approve

text: changes

text: but

text: by

text: unanimity

text: to

text: block

text: Commission

text: amendment

text: Where

text: the

text: different

text: institutions

text: can

text: not

text: agree

text: at

text: any

text: stage

text: a

text: Conciliation

text: Committee

text: is

text: convened

text: representing

text: MEPs

text: ministers

text: and

text: the

text: Commission

text: to

text: try

text: and

text: get

text: agreement

text: on

text: a

text: joint

text: text

text: if

text: this

text: works

text: it

text: will

text: be

text: sent

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: Parliament

text: and

text: Council

text: to

text: approve

text: by

text: absolute

text: and

text: qualified

text: majority

text: This

text: means

text: legislation

text: can

text: be

text: blocked

text: by

text: a

text: majority

text: in

text: Parliament

text: a

text: minority

text: in

text: the

text: Council

text: and

text: a

text: majority

text: in

text: the

text: Commission

text: it

text: is

text: harder

text: to

text: change

text: EU

text: law

text: than

text: stay

text: the

text: same

text: A

text: different

text: procedure

text: exists

text: for

text: budgets

text: For

text: enhanced

text: cooperation

text: among

text: a

text: sub

text: set

text: of

text: at

text: least

text: member

text: states

text: authorisation

text: must

text: be

text: given

text: by

text: the

text: Council

text: Member

text: state

text: governments

text: should

text: be

text: informed

text: by

text: the

text: Commission

text: at

text: the

text: outset

text: before

text: any

text: proposals

text: start

text: the

text: legislative

text: procedure

text: The

text: EU

text: as

text: a

text: whole

text: can

text: only

text: act

text: within

text: its

text: power

text: set

text: out

text: in

text: the

text: Treaties

text: TEU

text: articles

text: and

text: state

text: that

text: powers

text: remain

text: with

text: the

text: member

text: states

text: unless

text: they

text: have

text: been

text: conferred

text: although

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: debate

text: about

text: the

text: Kompetenz

text: Kompetenz

text: question

text: who

text: ultimately

text: has

text: the

text: competence

text: to

text: define

text: the

text: EU

text: 's

text: competence

text: Many

text: member

text: state

text: courts

text: believe

text: they

text: decide

text: other

text: member

text: state

text: Parliaments

text: believe

text: they

text: decide

text: while

text: within

text: the

text: EU

text: the

text: Court

text: of

text: Justice

text: believes

text: it

text: has

text: the

text: final

text: say

question: What type of vote must the Parliament have to either block or suggest changes to the Commission's proposals?

answer: a majority

text: a majority

answer: a Commission proposal

text: a Commission proposal

answer: a Commission proposal

text: a Commission proposal

answer: a Commission proposal

text: a Commission proposal

question: What type of vote must the Council pass in order to approve of any changes recommended by Parliament?

answer: qualified majority

text: qualified majority

answer: qualified majority

text: qualified majority

answer: a majority

text: a majority

answer: a majority

text: a majority

question: Is it easier or harder to change EU law than stay the same?

answer: harder

text: harder

answer: harder

text: harder

answer: harder

text: harder

answer: harder

text: harder

question: What articles state that unless conferred, powers remain with member states?

answer: TEU articles 4 and 5

text: TEU articles 4 and 5

answer: TEU articles 4 and 5

text: TEU articles 4 and 5

answer: TEU articles 4 and 5

text: TEU articles 4 and 5

answer: TEU articles 4 and 5

text: TEU articles 4 and 5

question: Within the EU, which court believes they have the final word deciding on EU's competence?

answer: Court of Justice

text: Court of Justice

answer: the Court of Justice

text: the Court of Justice

answer: the Court of Justice

text: the Court of Justice

answer: the Court of Justice

text: the Court of Justice

question: Which TFEU article defines the ordinary legislative procedure that applies for majority of EU acts?

answer: TFEU article 294

text: TFEU article 294

answer: TFEU article 294

text: TFEU article 294

answer: TFEU article 294

text: TFEU article 294

answer: TFEU article 294

text: TFEU article 294

question: What can block a legislation?

answer: legislation can be blocked by a majority in Parliament, a minority in the Council, and a majority in the Commission

text: legislation can be blocked by a majority in Parliament, a minority in the Council, and a majority in the Commission

answer: unanimity

text: unanimity

answer: unanimity

text: unanimity

answer: a majority in Parliament

text: a majority in Parliament

question: Which articles state that powers stay with member states unless they've been conferred?

answer: TEU articles 4 and 5

text: TEU articles 4 and 5

answer: TEU articles 4 and 5

text: TEU articles 4 and 5

answer: TEU articles 4 and 5

text: TEU articles 4 and 5

answer: TEU articles 4 and 5

text: TEU articles 4 and 5

question: What entity is created if the three different institutions cannot come to a consensus at any stage?

answer: Conciliation Committee

text: Conciliation Committee

answer: a "Conciliation Committee"

text: a "Conciliation Committee"

answer: a "Conciliation Committee"

text: a "Conciliation Committee"

answer: a "Conciliation Committee"

text: a "Conciliation Committee"

question: What does TFEU article not define?

question: How does the TFEU revise old legislation?

question: What type of vote does the Council not pass in order to disapprove of any changes recommended by Parliament?

text: qualified majority

question: What articles do not state that unless conferred, powers remain with the member states?

text: TEU articles 4 and 5

question: Who does not have the final say in who ultimately has the competence to define the EU's competence?


text: The French Protestant Church of London was established by Royal Charter in 1550. It is now located at Soho Square. Huguenot refugees flocked to Shoreditch, London. They established a major weaving industry in and around Spitalfields (see Petticoat Lane and the Tenterground) in East London. In Wandsworth, their gardening skills benefited the Battersea market gardens. The Old Truman Brewery, then known as the Black Eagle Brewery, was founded in 1724. The flight of Huguenot refugees from Tours, France drew off most of the workers of its great silk mills which they had built.[citation needed] Some of these immigrants moved to Norwich, which had accommodated an earlier settlement of Walloon weavers. The French added to the existing immigrant population, then comprising about a third of the population of the city.

title: Huguenot

title: Huguenot

text: The

text: French

text: Protestant

text: Church

text: of

text: London

text: was

text: established

text: by

text: Royal

text: Charter

text: in

text: It

text: is

text: now

text: located

text: at

text: Soho

text: Square

text: Huguenot

text: refugees

text: flocked

text: to

text: Shoreditch

text: London

text: They

text: established

text: a

text: major

text: weaving

text: industry

text: in

text: and

text: around

text: Spitalfields

text: see

text: Petticoat

text: Lane

text: and

text: the

text: Tenterground

text: in

text: East

text: London

text: In

text: Wandsworth

text: their

text: gardening

text: skills

text: benefited

text: the

text: Battersea

text: market

text: gardens

text: The

text: Old

text: Truman

text: Brewery

text: then

text: known

text: as

text: the

text: Black

text: Eagle

text: Brewery

text: was

text: founded

text: in

text: The

text: flight

text: of

text: Huguenot

text: refugees

text: from

text: Tours

text: France

text: drew

text: off

text: most

text: of

text: the

text: workers

text: of

text: its

text: great

text: silk

text: mills

text: which

text: they

text: had

text: built.[citation

text: needed

text: Some

text: of

text: these

text: immigrants

text: moved

text: to

text: Norwich

text: which

text: had

text: accommodated

text: an

text: earlier

text: settlement

text: of

text: Walloon

text: weavers

text: The

text: French

text: added

text: to

text: the

text: existing

text: immigrant

text: population

text: then

text: comprising

text: about

text: a

text: third

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: of

text: the

text: city

question: What early Huguenot Church was established in England?

answer: The French Protestant Church of London

text: The French Protestant Church of London

answer: The French Protestant Church of London

text: The French Protestant Church of London

answer: The French Protestant Church of London

text: The French Protestant Church of London

question: When was the charter for this church signed?

answer: 1550

answer: 1550

answer: 1550

question: What is the present-day location of this church?

answer: Soho Square

text: Soho Square

answer: Soho Square

text: Soho Square

answer: Soho Square

text: Soho Square

question: What London neighborhood attracted Huguenot refugees?

answer: Shoreditch

text: Shoreditch

answer: Shoreditch

text: Shoreditch

answer: Shoreditch

text: Shoreditch

question: When was the Old Truman Brewery founded?

answer: 1724

answer: 1724

answer: 1724

question: In what year did Huguenot refugees first start to move to London?

question: In what year did the Black Eagle Brewery change its name to Old Truman Brewery?

question: What Huguenot church was established in Norwich?

text: The French Protestant Church

question: How much of London's populace became immigrants?

text: about a third

question: In what year did Huguenot refugees first settle in Norwich?


text: The exodus of Huguenots from France created a brain drain, as many Huguenots had occupied important places in society. The kingdom did not fully recover for years. The French crown's refusal to allow non-Catholics to settle in New France may help to explain that colony's slow rate of population growth compared to that of the neighbouring British colonies, which opened settlement to religious dissenters. By the time of the French and Indian War (the North American front of the Seven Years' War), a sizeable population of Huguenot descent lived in the British colonies, and many participated in the British defeat of New France in 1759-60.

title: Huguenot

title: Huguenot

text: The

text: exodus

text: of

text: Huguenots

text: from

text: France

text: created

text: a

text: brain

text: drain

text: as

text: many

text: Huguenots

text: had

text: occupied

text: important

text: places

text: in

text: society

text: The

text: kingdom

text: did

text: not

text: fully

text: recover

text: for

text: years

text: The

text: French

text: crown

text: 's

text: refusal

text: to

text: allow

text: non

text: Catholics

text: to

text: settle

text: in

text: New

text: France

text: may

text: help

text: to

text: explain

text: that

text: colony

text: 's

text: slow

text: rate

text: of

text: population

text: growth

text: compared

text: to

text: that

text: of

text: the

text: neighbouring

text: British

text: colonies

text: which

text: opened

text: settlement

text: to

text: religious

text: dissenters

text: By

text: the

text: time

text: of

text: the

text: French

text: and

text: Indian

text: War

text: the

text: North

text: American

text: front

text: of

text: the

text: Seven

text: Years

text: War

text: a

text: sizeable

text: population

text: of

text: Huguenot

text: descent

text: lived

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: colonies

text: and

text: many

text: participated

text: in

text: the

text: British

text: defeat

text: of

text: New

text: France

text: in

question: What is the common term for the loss of key members of French society to Huguenot emigration?

answer: brain drain

text: brain drain

answer: brain drain

text: brain drain

answer: brain drain

text: brain drain

question: What was the name of France's primary colony in the New World?

answer: New France

text: New France

answer: New France

text: New France

answer: New France

text: New France

question: What persons were not allowed to settle in New France?

answer: non-Catholics

text: non-Catholics

answer: non-Catholics

text: non-Catholics

answer: non-Catholics

text: non-Catholics

question: The French and Indian War was the New World aspect of what European conflict?

answer: Seven Years' War

text: Seven Years' War

answer: Seven Years' War

text: Seven Years' War

answer: Seven Years' War

text: Seven Years' War

question: When did the British defeat New France?

answer: 1759-60

answer: 1759-60

answer: 1759-60

question: In what year did the French and Indian War begin?

question: What people weren't allowed to settle in British colonies?

text: non-Catholics

question: In what year did the first Huguenots arrive in the British colonies?

question: Who won the Seven Years' War?

text: the French


text: Greater London has over 900,000 Muslims, (most of South Asian origins and concentrated in the East London boroughs of Newham, Tower Hamlets and Waltham Forest), and among them are some with a strong Islamist outlook. Their presence, combined with a perceived British policy of allowing them free rein, heightened by exposés such as the 2007 Channel 4 documentary programme Undercover Mosque, has given rise to the term Londonistan. Following the 9/11 attacks, however, Abu Hamza al-Masri, the imam of the Finsbury Park Mosque, was arrested and charged with incitement to terrorism which has caused many Islamists to leave the UK to avoid internment.[citation needed]

title: Islamism

title: Islamism

text: Greater

text: London

text: has

text: over

text: Muslims

text: most

text: of

text: South

text: Asian

text: origins

text: and

text: concentrated

text: in

text: the

text: East

text: London

text: boroughs

text: of

text: Newham

text: Tower

text: Hamlets

text: and

text: Waltham

text: Forest

text: and

text: among

text: them

text: are

text: some

text: with

text: a

text: strong

text: Islamist

text: outlook

text: Their

text: presence

text: combined

text: with

text: a

text: perceived

text: British

text: policy

text: of

text: allowing

text: them

text: free

text: rein

text: heightened

text: by

text: exposés

text: such

text: as

text: the

text: Channel

text: documentary

text: programme

text: Undercover

text: Mosque

text: has

text: given

text: rise

text: to

text: the

text: term

text: Londonistan

text: Following

text: the

text: attacks

text: however

text: Abu

text: Hamza

text: al

text: Masri

text: the

text: imam

text: of

text: the

text: Finsbury

text: Park

text: Mosque

text: was

text: arrested

text: and

text: charged

text: with

text: incitement

text: to

text: terrorism

text: which

text: has

text: caused

text: many

text: Islamists

text: to

text: leave

text: the

text: UK

text: to

text: avoid

text: internment.[citation

text: needed

question: How many Muslims are in Greater London?

answer: over 900,000

text: over 900,000

answer: 900,000

answer: over 900,000

text: over 900,000

question: What type of outlook do some of the Muslims in London have?

answer: strong Islamist

text: strong Islamist

answer: a strong Islamist outlook

text: a strong Islamist outlook

answer: Islamist

text: Islamist

question: When did the Channel 4 documentary Undercover Mosque air?

answer: 2007

answer: 2007

answer: 2007

question: The perceived British policy of being hands off of its Muslim population has resulted in what derogatory term for London?

answer: Londonistan

text: Londonistan

answer: Londonistan

text: Londonistan

answer: Londonistan

text: Londonistan

question: What was Abu Hamaz al-Masri charged with when he was arrested?

answer: incitement to terrorism

text: incitement to terrorism

answer: incitement to terrorism

text: incitement to terrorism

answer: incitement to terrorism

text: incitement to terrorism

question: How many non-Muslims are in Greater London?

question: What type of outlook do some of the non-Muslims in London have?

text: strong Islamist

question: When did the Channel 8 documentary Undercover Mosque air?

question: The perceived British policy of being hands off of its Muslim population has resulted in what derogatory term for France?

text: Londonistan

question: What was Abu Hamaz al-Masri charged with when he was freed?

text: incitement to terrorism


text: Southern California is also home to a large home grown surf and skateboard culture. Companies such as Volcom, Quiksilver, No Fear, RVCA, and Body Glove are all headquartered here. Professional skateboarder Tony Hawk, professional surfers Rob Machado, Tim Curran, Bobby Martinez, Pat O'Connell, Dane Reynolds, and Chris Ward, and professional snowboarder Shaun White live in southern California. Some of the world's legendary surf spots are in southern California as well, including Trestles, Rincon, The Wedge, Huntington Beach, and Malibu, and it is second only to the island of Oahu in terms of famous surf breaks. Some of the world's biggest extreme sports events, including the X Games, Boost Mobile Pro, and the U.S. Open of Surfing are all in southern California. Southern California is also important to the world of yachting. The annual Transpacific Yacht Race, or Transpac, from Los Angeles to Hawaii, is one of yachting's premier events. The San Diego Yacht Club held the America's Cup, the most prestigious prize in yachting, from 1988 to 1995 and hosted three America's Cup races during that time.

title: Southern_California

title: Southern_California

text: Southern

text: California

text: is

text: also

text: home

text: to

text: a

text: large

text: home

text: grown

text: surf

text: and

text: skateboard

text: culture

text: Companies

text: such

text: as

text: Volcom

text: Quiksilver

text: No

text: Fear

text: RVCA

text: and

text: Body

text: Glove

text: are

text: all

text: headquartered

text: here

text: Professional

text: skateboarder

text: Tony

text: Hawk

text: professional

text: surfers

text: Rob

text: Machado

text: Tim

text: Curran

text: Bobby

text: Martinez

text: Pat

text: O'Connell

text: Dane

text: Reynolds

text: and

text: Chris

text: Ward

text: and

text: professional

text: snowboarder

text: Shaun

text: White

text: live

text: in

text: southern

text: California

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: legendary

text: surf

text: spots

text: are

text: in

text: southern

text: California

text: as

text: well

text: including

text: Trestles

text: Rincon

text: The

text: Wedge

text: Huntington

text: Beach

text: and

text: Malibu

text: and

text: it

text: is

text: second

text: only

text: to

text: the

text: island

text: of

text: Oahu

text: in

text: terms

text: of

text: famous

text: surf

text: breaks

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: biggest

text: extreme

text: sports

text: events

text: including

text: the

text: X

text: Games

text: Boost

text: Mobile

text: Pro

text: and

text: the

text: U.S.

text: Open

text: of

text: Surfing

text: are

text: all

text: in

text: southern

text: California

text: Southern

text: California

text: is

text: also

text: important

text: to

text: the

text: world

text: of

text: yachting

text: The

text: annual

text: Transpacific

text: Yacht

text: Race

text: or

text: Transpac

text: from

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: to

text: Hawaii

text: is

text: one

text: of

text: yachting

text: 's

text: premier

text: events

text: The

text: San

text: Diego

text: Yacht

text: Club

text: held

text: the

text: America

text: 's

text: Cup

text: the

text: most

text: prestigious

text: prize

text: in

text: yachting

text: from

text: to

text: and

text: hosted

text: three

text: America

text: 's

text: Cup

text: races

text: during

text: that

text: time

question: Other than surf, what other culture is southern California home to?

answer: skateboard

text: skateboard

answer: skateboard

text: skateboard

answer: skateboard

text: skateboard

question: What is the name of the professional skateboarder that lives in southern California?

answer: Tony Hawk

text: Tony Hawk

answer: Tony Hawk

text: Tony Hawk

answer: Tony Hawk

text: Tony Hawk

question: What famous snowbaorder lives in southern California?

answer: Shaun White

text: Shaun White

answer: Shaun White

text: Shaun White

answer: Shaun White

text: Shaun White

question: Southern California is second to which island in terms of famous serf breaks?

answer: Oahu

text: Oahu

answer: Oahu

text: Oahu

answer: Oahu

text: Oahu

question: What is the shortened name of the annual yacht race that takes place?

answer: Transpac

text: Transpac

answer: Transpac

text: Transpac

answer: Transpac

text: Transpac

question: Where are No Fear and RCVA headquartered?

text: Southern California

question: Who are Rob Curran and Tim Machado?

text: professional surfers

question: Where does professional surfer Tony Hawk live?

text: Southern California

question: What famous surfing spots is Oahu second to?

question: What was held at the San Diego Yacht Club from 1985 to 1998?

text: America's Cup


text: Gothic architecture is represented in the majestic churches but also at the burgher houses and fortifications. The most significant buildings are St. John's Cathedral (14th century), the temple is a typical example of the so-called Masovian gothic style, St. Mary's Church (1411), a town house of Burbach family (14th century), Gunpowder Tower (after 1379) and the Royal Castle Curia Maior (1407–1410). The most notable examples of Renaissance architecture in the city are the house of Baryczko merchant family (1562), building called "The Negro" (early 17th century) and Salwator tenement (1632). The most interesting examples of mannerist architecture are the Royal Castle (1596–1619) and the Jesuit Church (1609–1626) at Old Town. Among the first structures of the early baroque the most important are St. Hyacinth's Church (1603–1639) and Sigismund's Column (1644).

title: Warsaw

title: Warsaw

text: Gothic

text: architecture

text: is

text: represented

text: in

text: the

text: majestic

text: churches

text: but

text: also

text: at

text: the

text: burgher

text: houses

text: and

text: fortifications

text: The

text: most

text: significant

text: buildings

text: are

text: St.

text: John

text: 's

text: Cathedral

text: century

text: the

text: temple

text: is

text: a

text: typical

text: example

text: of

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: Masovian

text: gothic

text: style

text: St.

text: Mary

text: 's

text: Church

text: a

text: town

text: house

text: of

text: Burbach

text: family

text: century

text: Gunpowder

text: Tower

text: after

text: and

text: the

text: Royal

text: Castle

text: Curia

text: Maior

text: The

text: most

text: notable

text: examples

text: of

text: Renaissance

text: architecture

text: in

text: the

text: city

text: are

text: the

text: house

text: of

text: Baryczko

text: merchant

text: family

text: building

text: called

text: The

text: Negro

text: early

text: century

text: and

text: Salwator

text: tenement

text: The

text: most

text: interesting

text: examples

text: of

text: mannerist

text: architecture

text: are

text: the

text: Royal

text: Castle

text: and

text: the

text: Jesuit

text: Church

text: at

text: Old

text: Town

text: Among

text: the

text: first

text: structures

text: of

text: the

text: early

text: baroque

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: are

text: St.

text: Hyacinth

text: 's

text: Church

text: and

text: Sigismund

text: 's

text: Column

question: What type of architecture is represented in the majestic churches?

answer: Gothic

text: Gothic

answer: Gothic

text: Gothic

answer: Gothic

text: Gothic

question: When was St. John's Cathedral constructed?

answer: 14th century

text: 14th century

answer: 14th century

text: 14th century

answer: 14th century

text: 14th century

question: What is St. John's Cathedral an example of, stylistically?

answer: Masovian gothic

text: Masovian gothic

answer: Gothic architecture

text: Gothic architecture

answer: Masovian gothic

text: Masovian gothic

question: The house of the Baryczko merchant family is a notable example of what type of architecture?

answer: Renaissance

text: Renaissance

answer: Renaissance

text: Renaissance

answer: Renaissance

text: Renaissance

question: What is the Royal Castle the most interesting example of?

answer: mannerist architecture

text: mannerist architecture

answer: mannerist architecture

text: mannerist architecture

answer: mannerist

text: mannerist

question: When was Baryczko constructed?

text: 14th century

question: What is Baryczko's Cathedral an example of stylistically?

text: Masovian gothic

question: What type of architecture is the house of the St. John's merchant family a notable example of?

text: Renaissance

question: What type of architecture is represented in the St. John's Tower?

text: gothic

question: What is St. John's Castle the most interesting example of?

text: mannerist architecture


text: The Yuan dynasty (Chinese: 元朝; pinyin: Yuán Cháo), officially the Great Yuan (Chinese: 大元; pinyin: Dà Yuán; Mongolian: Yehe Yuan Ulus[a]), was the empire or ruling dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan. Although the Mongols had ruled territories including today's North China for decades, it was not until 1271 that Kublai Khan officially proclaimed the dynasty in the traditional Chinese style. His realm was, by this point, isolated from the other khanates and controlled most of present-day China and its surrounding areas, including modern Mongolia and Korea. It was the first foreign dynasty to rule all of China and lasted until 1368, after which its Genghisid rulers returned to their Mongolian homeland and continued to rule the Northern Yuan dynasty. Some of the Mongolian Emperors of the Yuan mastered the Chinese language, while others only used their native language (i.e. Mongolian) and the 'Phags-pa script.

title: Yuan_dynasty

title: Yuan_dynasty

text: The

text: Yuan

text: dynasty

text: Chinese

text: 元朝

text: pinyin

text: Yuán

text: Cháo

text: officially

text: the

text: Great

text: Yuan

text: Chinese

text: 大元

text: pinyin

text: Dà

text: Yuán

text: Mongolian

text: Yehe

text: Yuan

text: Ulus[a

text: was

text: the

text: empire

text: or

text: ruling

text: dynasty

text: of

text: China

text: established

text: by

text: Kublai

text: Khan

text: leader

text: of

text: the

text: Mongolian

text: Borjigin

text: clan

text: Although

text: the

text: Mongols

text: had

text: ruled

text: territories

text: including

text: today

text: 's

text: North

text: China

text: for

text: decades

text: it

text: was

text: not

text: until

text: that

text: Kublai

text: Khan

text: officially

text: proclaimed

text: the

text: dynasty

text: in

text: the

text: traditional

text: Chinese

text: style

text: His

text: realm

text: was

text: by

text: this

text: point

text: isolated

text: from

text: the

text: other

text: khanates

text: and

text: controlled

text: most

text: of

text: present

text: day

text: China

text: and

text: its

text: surrounding

text: areas

text: including

text: modern

text: Mongolia

text: and

text: Korea

text: It

text: was

text: the

text: first

text: foreign

text: dynasty

text: to

text: rule

text: all

text: of

text: China

text: and

text: lasted

text: until

text: after

text: which

text: its

text: Genghisid

text: rulers

text: returned

text: to

text: their

text: Mongolian

text: homeland

text: and

text: continued

text: to

text: rule

text: the

text: Northern

text: Yuan

text: dynasty

text: Some

text: of

text: the

text: Mongolian

text: Emperors

text: of

text: the

text: Yuan

text: mastered

text: the

text: Chinese

text: language

text: while

text: others

text: only

text: used

text: their

text: native

text: language

text: i.e.

text: Mongolian

text: and

text: the

text: Phags

text: pa

text: script

question: What is the Chinese name for the Yuan dynasty?

answer: Yuán Cháo

text: Yuán Cháo

answer: Yuán Cháo

text: Yuán Cháo

answer: 元朝

text: 元朝

question: What is the Yuan dynasty's official name?

answer: the Great Yuan

text: the Great Yuan

answer: the Great Yuan

text: the Great Yuan

answer: the Great Yuan

text: the Great Yuan

question: Who started the Yuan dynasty?

answer: Kublai Khan

text: Kublai Khan

answer: Kublai Khan

text: Kublai Khan

answer: Kublai Khan

text: Kublai Khan

question: Who led the Mongolian Borjigin clan?

answer: Kublai Khan

text: Kublai Khan

answer: Kublai Khan

text: Kublai Khan

answer: Kublai Khan

text: Kublai Khan

question: When did Khan formally declare the Yuan dynasty?

answer: 1271

answer: 1271

answer: 1271

question: What is the Japanese name for the Yuan dynasty?

text: Yuán Cháo

question: What is the Yuan dynasty's unofficial name?

text: the Great Yuan

question: Who ended the Yuan dynasty?

text: Kublai Khan

question: Who rejected the Mongolian Borjigin clan?

text: Kublai Khan

question: When did Khan formally reject the Yuan dynasty?


text: Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities. Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities can be justified if it reflects "a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken". The same principle, she argues, applies to breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments.

title: Civil_disobedience

title: Civil_disobedience

text: Some

text: theories

text: of

text: civil

text: disobedience

text: hold

text: that

text: civil

text: disobedience

text: is

text: only

text: justified

text: against

text: governmental

text: entities

text: Brownlee

text: argues

text: that

text: disobedience

text: in

text: opposition

text: to

text: the

text: decisions

text: of

text: non

text: governmental

text: agencies

text: such

text: as

text: trade

text: unions

text: banks

text: and

text: private

text: universities

text: can

text: be

text: justified

text: if

text: it

text: reflects

text: a

text: larger

text: challenge

text: to

text: the

text: legal

text: system

text: that

text: permits

text: those

text: decisions

text: to

text: be

text: taken

text: The

text: same

text: principle

text: she

text: argues

text: applies

text: to

text: breaches

text: of

text: law

text: in

text: protest

text: against

text: international

text: organizations

text: and

text: foreign

text: governments

question: Some theories argue that civil disobedience is justified in regard to?

answer: governmental entities

text: governmental entities

answer: against governmental entities

text: against governmental entities

answer: governmental entities

text: governmental entities

answer: governmental entities

text: governmental entities

answer: governmental entities

text: governmental entities

question: Brownlee argues disobedience can be justified toward what institutions?

answer: trade unions, banks, and private universities

text: trade unions, banks, and private universities

answer: non-governmental agencies

text: non-governmental agencies

answer: decisions of non-governmental agencies

text: decisions of non-governmental agencies

answer: non-governmental agencies

text: non-governmental agencies

answer: non-governmental agencies

text: non-governmental agencies

question: Brownlee justifies civil disobedience toward what branch of the government?

answer: legal system

text: legal system

answer: foreign

text: foreign

answer: legal system

text: legal system

answer: international organizations and foreign governments

text: international organizations and foreign governments

question: Browlee also applies that civil disobedience is okay regarding?

answer: international organizations and foreign governments

text: international organizations and foreign governments

answer: a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken

text: a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken

answer: international organizations and foreign governments

text: international organizations and foreign governments

answer: breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments

text: breaches of law in protest against international organizations and foreign governments

answer: opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities

text: opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private universities

question: What do some theories claim about civil disobedience?

answer: only justified against governmental entities

text: only justified against governmental entities

answer: civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities

text: civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities

answer: civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities.

text: civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities.

answer: civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities

text: civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities

answer: that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities

text: that civil disobedience is only justified against governmental entities

question: Who claims that public companies can also be part of civil disobedience?

answer: Brownlee

text: Brownlee

answer: Brownlee

text: Brownlee

answer: Brownlee

text: Brownlee

answer: Brownlee

text: Brownlee

answer: Brownlee

text: Brownlee

question: What reason is given that you should also protest public companies?

answer: a larger challenge to the legal system

text: a larger challenge to the legal system

answer: challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken

text: challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken

answer: it reflects "a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken

text: it reflects "a larger challenge to the legal system that permits those decisions to be taken

answer: a larger challenge to the legal system

text: a larger challenge to the legal system

question: What public entity of learning is often target of civil disobedience?

answer: universities

text: universities

answer: private universities

text: private universities

answer: private universities

text: private universities

answer: private universities

text: private universities

answer: private universities

text: private universities

question: Who believed that civil disobedience should only be used against governmental entities?

text: Brownlee

question: What two groups do trade unions think civil disobedience is justified against?

text: banks, and private universities

question: When is civil disobedience justified against certain groups according to trade unions?

question: In what other way can disobedience be applied to international organizations and governments?

text: to breaches of law in protest

question: When do banks believe civil disobedience is justified?

text: against governmental entities


text: During the American Civil War, Jacksonville was a key supply point for hogs and cattle being shipped from Florida to aid the Confederate cause. The city was blockaded by Union forces, who gained control of the nearby Fort Clinch. Though no battles were fought in Jacksonville proper, the city changed hands several times between Union and Confederate forces. The Skirmish of the Brick Church in 1862 just outside Jacksonville proper resulted in the first Confederate victory in Florida. In February 1864 Union forces left Jacksonville and confronted a Confederate Army at the Battle of Olustee resulting in a Confederate victory. Union forces then retreated to Jacksonville and held the city for the remainder of the war. In March 1864 a Confederate cavalry confronted a Union expedition resulting in the Battle of Cedar Creek. Warfare and the long occupation left the city disrupted after the war.

title: Jacksonville,_Florida

title: Jacksonville,_Florida

text: During

text: the

text: American

text: Civil

text: War

text: Jacksonville

text: was

text: a

text: key

text: supply

text: point

text: for

text: hogs

text: and

text: cattle

text: being

text: shipped

text: from

text: Florida

text: to

text: aid

text: the

text: Confederate

text: cause

text: The

text: city

text: was

text: blockaded

text: by

text: Union

text: forces

text: who

text: gained

text: control

text: of

text: the

text: nearby

text: Fort

text: Clinch

text: Though

text: no

text: battles

text: were

text: fought

text: in

text: Jacksonville

text: proper

text: the

text: city

text: changed

text: hands

text: several

text: times

text: between

text: Union

text: and

text: Confederate

text: forces

text: The

text: Skirmish

text: of

text: the

text: Brick

text: Church

text: in

text: just

text: outside

text: Jacksonville

text: proper

text: resulted

text: in

text: the

text: first

text: Confederate

text: victory

text: in

text: Florida

text: In

text: February

text: Union

text: forces

text: left

text: Jacksonville

text: and

text: confronted

text: a

text: Confederate

text: Army

text: at

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Olustee

text: resulting

text: in

text: a

text: Confederate

text: victory

text: Union

text: forces

text: then

text: retreated

text: to

text: Jacksonville

text: and

text: held

text: the

text: city

text: for

text: the

text: remainder

text: of

text: the

text: war

text: In

text: March

text: a

text: Confederate

text: cavalry

text: confronted

text: a

text: Union

text: expedition

text: resulting

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: Cedar

text: Creek

text: Warfare

text: and

text: the

text: long

text: occupation

text: left

text: the

text: city

text: disrupted

text: after

text: the

text: war

question: Supplies from Jacksonville were in support of which faction in the Civil War?

answer: Confederate

text: Confederate

answer: Confederate

text: Confederate

answer: the Confederate cause

text: the Confederate cause

question: What was the name of the battle that marked the first Confederate win in Florida?

answer: The Skirmish of the Brick Church

text: The Skirmish of the Brick Church

answer: Skirmish of the Brick Church

text: Skirmish of the Brick Church

answer: Skirmish of the Brick Church

text: Skirmish of the Brick Church

question: After what battle did Union forces return to and occupy Jacksonville for the rest of the war?

answer: Battle of Olustee

text: Battle of Olustee

answer: Battle of Olustee

text: Battle of Olustee

answer: Battle of Olustee

text: Battle of Olustee

question: What factors negatively impacted Jacksonville following the war?

answer: Warfare and the long occupation

text: Warfare and the long occupation

answer: Warfare and the long occupation

text: Warfare and the long occupation

answer: Warfare and the long occupation

text: Warfare and the long occupation

question: In what year was the battle that resulted from a Confederate cavalry unit attacking a Union expedition?

answer: Battle of Cedar Creek

text: Battle of Cedar Creek

answer: Battle of Cedar Creek

text: Battle of Cedar Creek

answer: 1864

question: Who did Jacksonville support with supplies during the Revolutionary war?

text: Confederate cause

question: What was the name of the battle that marked the first Confederate loss in Florida?

text: The Skirmish of the Brick Church

question: After what battle did Union forces leave Jacksonville for good?

text: the Battle of Olustee

question: What battle involve the Confederate Calvary in 1862?

text: the Battle of Cedar Creek

question: During what word was Jacksonville a key supply point for the North?

text: the American Civil War


text: In modern particle physics, forces and the acceleration of particles are explained as a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carrying gauge bosons. With the development of quantum field theory and general relativity, it was realized that force is a redundant concept arising from conservation of momentum (4-momentum in relativity and momentum of virtual particles in quantum electrodynamics). The conservation of momentum can be directly derived from the homogeneity or symmetry of space and so is usually considered more fundamental than the concept of a force. Thus the currently known fundamental forces are considered more accurately to be "fundamental interactions".:199–128 When particle A emits (creates) or absorbs (annihilates) virtual particle B, a momentum conservation results in recoil of particle A making impression of repulsion or attraction between particles A A' exchanging by B. This description applies to all forces arising from fundamental interactions. While sophisticated mathematical descriptions are needed to predict, in full detail, the accurate result of such interactions, there is a conceptually simple way to describe such interactions through the use of Feynman diagrams. In a Feynman diagram, each matter particle is represented as a straight line (see world line) traveling through time, which normally increases up or to the right in the diagram. Matter and anti-matter particles are identical except for their direction of propagation through the Feynman diagram. World lines of particles intersect at interaction vertices, and the Feynman diagram represents any force arising from an interaction as occurring at the vertex with an associated instantaneous change in the direction of the particle world lines. Gauge bosons are emitted away from the vertex as wavy lines and, in the case of virtual particle exchange, are absorbed at an adjacent vertex.

title: Force

title: Force

text: In

text: modern

text: particle

text: physics

text: forces

text: and

text: the

text: acceleration

text: of

text: particles

text: are

text: explained

text: as

text: a

text: mathematical

text: by

text: product

text: of

text: exchange

text: of

text: momentum

text: carrying

text: gauge

text: bosons

text: With

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: quantum

text: field

text: theory

text: and

text: general

text: relativity

text: it

text: was

text: realized

text: that

text: force

text: is

text: a

text: redundant

text: concept

text: arising

text: from

text: conservation

text: of

text: momentum

text: in

text: relativity

text: and

text: momentum

text: of

text: virtual

text: particles

text: in

text: quantum

text: electrodynamics

text: The

text: conservation

text: of

text: momentum

text: can

text: be

text: directly

text: derived

text: from

text: the

text: homogeneity

text: or

text: symmetry

text: of

text: space

text: and

text: so

text: is

text: usually

text: considered

text: more

text: fundamental

text: than

text: the

text: concept

text: of

text: a

text: force

text: Thus

text: the

text: currently

text: known

text: fundamental

text: forces

text: are

text: considered

text: more

text: accurately

text: to

text: be

text: fundamental

text: When

text: particle

text: A

text: emits

text: creates

text: or

text: absorbs

text: annihilates

text: virtual

text: particle

text: B

text: a

text: momentum

text: conservation

text: results

text: in

text: recoil

text: of

text: particle

text: A

text: making

text: impression

text: of

text: repulsion

text: or

text: attraction

text: between

text: particles

text: A

text: A

text: exchanging

text: by

text: B.

text: This

text: description

text: applies

text: to

text: all

text: forces

text: arising

text: from

text: fundamental

text: interactions

text: While

text: sophisticated

text: mathematical

text: descriptions

text: are

text: needed

text: to

text: predict

text: in

text: full

text: detail

text: the

text: accurate

text: result

text: of

text: such

text: interactions

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: conceptually

text: simple

text: way

text: to

text: describe

text: such

text: interactions

text: through

text: the

text: use

text: of

text: Feynman

text: diagrams

text: In

text: a

text: Feynman

text: diagram

text: each

text: matter

text: particle

text: is

text: represented

text: as

text: a

text: straight

text: line

text: see

text: world

text: line

text: traveling

text: through

text: time

text: which

text: normally

text: increases

text: up

text: or

text: to

text: the

text: right

text: in

text: the

text: diagram

text: Matter

text: and

text: anti

text: matter

text: particles

text: are

text: identical

text: except

text: for

text: their

text: direction

text: of

text: propagation

text: through

text: the

text: Feynman

text: diagram

text: World

text: lines

text: of

text: particles

text: intersect

text: at

text: interaction

text: vertices

text: and

text: the

text: Feynman

text: diagram

text: represents

text: any

text: force

text: arising

text: from

text: an

text: interaction

text: as

text: occurring

text: at

text: the

text: vertex

text: with

text: an

text: associated

text: instantaneous

text: change

text: in

text: the

text: direction

text: of

text: the

text: particle

text: world

text: lines

text: Gauge

text: bosons

text: are

text: emitted

text: away

text: from

text: the

text: vertex

text: as

text: wavy

text: lines

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: case

text: of

text: virtual

text: particle

text: exchange

text: are

text: absorbed

text: at

text: an

text: adjacent

text: vertex

question: How are the particle forces and accelerations explained as by gauge bosons exchange?

answer: mathematical by-product

text: mathematical by-product

answer: mathematical by-product of exchange

text: mathematical by-product of exchange

answer: a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum

text: a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum

answer: mathematical by-product of exchange

text: mathematical by-product of exchange

question: What is the redundant concept coming from momentum conservation?

answer: force

text: force

answer: 4-momentum in relativity and momentum of virtual particles in quantum electrodynamics

text: 4-momentum in relativity and momentum of virtual particles in quantum electrodynamics

answer: force

text: force

question: What is more fundamental than force in quanton field theory?

answer: conservation of momentum

text: conservation of momentum

answer: conservation of momentum

text: conservation of momentum

answer: conservation of momentum

text: conservation of momentum

answer: the currently known fundamental forces

text: the currently known fundamental forces

question: What diagrams are used to simplify particle interactions on a fundamental level?

answer: Feynman

text: Feynman

answer: Feynman diagrams

text: Feynman diagrams

answer: Feynman

text: Feynman

question: Matter particles are shown as what kind of lines in a Feynman diagram?

answer: straight

text: straight

answer: straight line

text: straight line

answer: straight

text: straight

answer: straight

text: straight

question: What can be indirectly derived from the symmetry of space?

text: conservation of momentum

question: What is considered less fundamental than the concept of force?

text: conservation of momentum

question: What are considered less accurately to be "fundamental interactions"?

text: currently known fundamental forces

question: In whose diagram is each matter particle represented as a curved line?

text: Feynman


text: Within the Los Angeles Area are the major business districts of Downtown Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale and Downtown Long Beach. Los Angeles itself has many business districts including the Downtown Los Angeles central business district as well as those lining the Wilshire Boulevard Miracle Mile including Century City, Westwood and Warner Center in the San Fernando Valley.

title: Southern_California

title: Southern_California

text: Within

text: the

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Area

text: are

text: the

text: major

text: business

text: districts

text: of

text: Downtown

text: Burbank

text: Downtown

text: Santa

text: Monica

text: Downtown

text: Glendale

text: and

text: Downtown

text: Long

text: Beach

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: itself

text: has

text: many

text: business

text: districts

text: including

text: the

text: Downtown

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: central

text: business

text: district

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: those

text: lining

text: the

text: Wilshire

text: Boulevard

text: Miracle

text: Mile

text: including

text: Century

text: City

text: Westwood

text: and

text: Warner

text: Center

text: in

text: the

text: San

text: Fernando

text: Valley

question: Downtown Burbank is an example of what kind of district?

answer: business

text: business

answer: major business districts

text: major business districts

answer: major business

text: major business

question: Downtown Santa Monica and Downtown Glendale are a part of which area?

answer: Los Angeles Area

text: Los Angeles Area

answer: the Los Angeles Area

text: the Los Angeles Area

answer: major business

text: major business

question: Warner Center is located in which area?

answer: San Fernando Valley

text: San Fernando Valley

answer: the San Fernando Valley

text: the San Fernando Valley

answer: San Fernando Valley

text: San Fernando Valley

question: Century City is an example of a district that belongs to which city?

answer: Los Angeles

text: Los Angeles

answer: Los Angeles

text: Los Angeles

answer: Los Angeles

text: Los Angeles

question: What business districts are within the downtown Los Angeles area?

question: What main business district is in downtown Los Angeles itself?

question: What additional business districts are in downtown Los Angeles itself?


text: Since 7500 yr ago, a situation with tides and currents, very similar to present has existed. Rates of sea-level rise had dropped so far, that natural sedimentation by the Rhine and coastal processes together, could compensate the transgression by the sea; in the last 7000 years, the coast line was roughly at the same location. In the southern North Sea, due to ongoing tectonic subsidence, the sea level is still rising, at the rate of about 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in) per century (1 metre or 39 inches in last 3000 years).

title: Rhine

title: Rhine

text: Since

text: yr

text: ago

text: a

text: situation

text: with

text: tides

text: and

text: currents

text: very

text: similar

text: to

text: present

text: has

text: existed

text: Rates

text: of

text: sea

text: level

text: rise

text: had

text: dropped

text: so

text: far

text: that

text: natural

text: sedimentation

text: by

text: the

text: Rhine

text: and

text: coastal

text: processes

text: together

text: could

text: compensate

text: the

text: transgression

text: by

text: the

text: sea

text: in

text: the

text: last

text: years

text: the

text: coast

text: line

text: was

text: roughly

text: at

text: the

text: same

text: location

text: In

text: the

text: southern

text: North

text: Sea

text: due

text: to

text: ongoing

text: tectonic

text: subsidence

text: the

text: sea

text: level

text: is

text: still

text: rising

text: at

text: the

text: rate

text: of

text: about

text: cm

text: in

text: per

text: century

text: metre

text: or

text: inches

text: in

text: last

text: years

question: When did tides and currents similar to our current system begin?

answer: 7500 yr ago

text: 7500 yr ago

answer: 7500 yr ago

text: 7500 yr ago

answer: 7500 yr ago

text: 7500 yr ago

question: Why did natural sedimentation by the Rhine compensate the transgression bby the sea?

answer: Rates of sea-level rise

text: Rates of sea-level rise

answer: sea-level rise had dropped

text: sea-level rise had dropped

answer: Rates of sea-level rise had dropped

text: Rates of sea-level rise had dropped

question: How long has the Rhine coastline been in the same location?

answer: last 7000 years

text: last 7000 years

answer: 7000 years

text: 7000 years

answer: last 7000 years

text: last 7000 years

question: Why is the current sea level rising?

answer: tectonic subsidence

text: tectonic subsidence

answer: tectonic subsidence

text: tectonic subsidence

answer: ongoing tectonic subsidence

text: ongoing tectonic subsidence

question: How quickly is the sea level rising?

answer: 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in) per century

text: 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in) per century

answer: 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in) per century

text: 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in) per century

answer: 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in) per century

text: 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in) per century

question: When did tides and currents reach the highest sea-level rise?

text: 7500 yr ago

question: How quickly is the sea level dropping?

text: 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in)

question: How long has the ongoing tectonic subsidence in the southern North Sea been happening for?

text: 7500 yr

question: How high is the natural sedimentation by the Rhine?

text: 1–3 cm (0.39–1.18 in)

question: How old is the North Sea?

text: 7000 years


text: Following the treaty, King George III issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763 on October 7, 1763, which outlined the division and administration of the newly conquered territory, and to some extent continues to govern relations between the government of modern Canada and the First Nations. Included in its provisions was the reservation of lands west of the Appalachian Mountains to its Indian population, a demarcation that was at best a temporary impediment to a rising tide of westward-bound settlers. The proclamation also contained provisions that prevented civic participation by the Roman Catholic Canadians. When accommodations were made in the Quebec Act in 1774 to address this and other issues, religious concerns were raised in the largely Protestant Thirteen Colonies over the advance of "popery"; the Act maintained French Civil law, including the seigneurial system, a medieval code soon to be removed from France within a generation by the French Revolution.

title: French_and_Indian_War

title: French_and_Indian_War

text: Following

text: the

text: treaty

text: King

text: George

text: III

text: issued

text: the

text: Royal

text: Proclamation

text: of

text: on

text: October

text: which

text: outlined

text: the

text: division

text: and

text: administration

text: of

text: the

text: newly

text: conquered

text: territory

text: and

text: to

text: some

text: extent

text: continues

text: to

text: govern

text: relations

text: between

text: the

text: government

text: of

text: modern

text: Canada

text: and

text: the

text: First

text: Nations

text: Included

text: in

text: its

text: provisions

text: was

text: the

text: reservation

text: of

text: lands

text: west

text: of

text: the

text: Appalachian

text: Mountains

text: to

text: its

text: Indian

text: population

text: a

text: demarcation

text: that

text: was

text: at

text: best

text: a

text: temporary

text: impediment

text: to

text: a

text: rising

text: tide

text: of

text: westward

text: bound

text: settlers

text: The

text: proclamation

text: also

text: contained

text: provisions

text: that

text: prevented

text: civic

text: participation

text: by

text: the

text: Roman

text: Catholic

text: Canadians

text: When

text: accommodations

text: were

text: made

text: in

text: the

text: Quebec

text: Act

text: in

text: to

text: address

text: this

text: and

text: other

text: issues

text: religious

text: concerns

text: were

text: raised

text: in

text: the

text: largely

text: Protestant

text: Thirteen

text: Colonies

text: over

text: the

text: advance

text: of

text: popery

text: the

text: Act

text: maintained

text: French

text: Civil

text: law

text: including

text: the

text: seigneurial

text: system

text: a

text: medieval

text: code

text: soon

text: to

text: be

text: removed

text: from

text: France

text: within

text: a

text: generation

text: by

text: the

text: French

text: Revolution

question: Who issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763?

answer: King George III

text: King George III

answer: King George III

text: King George III

answer: King George III

text: King George III

answer: King George III

text: King George III

answer: King George III

text: King George III

question: What was the objective of Royal Proclamation of 1763?

answer: outlined the division and administration of the newly conquered territory

text: outlined the division and administration of the newly conquered territory

answer: outlined the division and administration of the newly conquered territory

text: outlined the division and administration of the newly conquered territory

answer: division and administration of the newly conquered territory

text: division and administration of the newly conquered territory

answer: division and administration

text: division and administration

answer: the division and administration of the newly conquered territory

text: the division and administration of the newly conquered territory

question: What lands were reserved for natives?

answer: west of the Appalachian Mountains

text: west of the Appalachian Mountains

answer: lands west of the Appalachian Mountains

text: lands west of the Appalachian Mountains

answer: west of the Appalachian Mountains

text: west of the Appalachian Mountains

answer: west of the Appalachian Mountains

text: west of the Appalachian Mountains

answer: west of the Appalachian Mountains

text: west of the Appalachian Mountains

question: Who never issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763?

text: King George III

question: Who issued the Royal Proclamation of 1736?

text: King George III

question: What was the objective of Royal Proclamation of 1736?

question: What lands weren't reserved for natives?

text: west of the Appalachian Mountains

question: What lands were reserved for the French?

text: west of the Appalachian Mountains