text: Governor Robert Dinwiddie of Virginia was an investor in the Ohio Company, which stood to lose money if the French held their claim. To counter the French military presence in Ohio, in October 1753 Dinwiddie ordered the 21-year-old Major George Washington (whose brother was another Ohio Company investor) of the Virginia Regiment to warn the French to leave Virginia territory. Washington left with a small party, picking up along the way Jacob Van Braam as an interpreter; Christopher Gist, a company surveyor working in the area; and a few Mingo led by Tanaghrisson. On December 12, Washington and his men reached Fort Le Boeuf.

title: French_and_Indian_War

title: French_and_Indian_War

text: Governor

text: Robert

text: Dinwiddie

text: of

text: Virginia

text: was

text: an

text: investor

text: in

text: the

text: Ohio

text: Company

text: which

text: stood

text: to

text: lose

text: money

text: if

text: the

text: French

text: held

text: their

text: claim

text: To

text: counter

text: the

text: French

text: military

text: presence

text: in

text: Ohio

text: in

text: October

text: Dinwiddie

text: ordered

text: the

text: old

text: Major

text: George

text: Washington

text: whose

text: brother

text: was

text: another

text: Ohio

text: Company

text: investor

text: of

text: the

text: Virginia

text: Regiment

text: to

text: warn

text: the

text: French

text: to

text: leave

text: Virginia

text: territory

text: Washington

text: left

text: with

text: a

text: small

text: party

text: picking

text: up

text: along

text: the

text: way

text: Jacob

text: Van

text: Braam

text: as

text: an

text: interpreter

text: Christopher

text: Gist

text: a

text: company

text: surveyor

text: working

text: in

text: the

text: area

text: and

text: a

text: few

text: Mingo

text: led

text: by

text: Tanaghrisson

text: On

text: December

text: Washington

text: and

text: his

text: men

text: reached

text: Fort

text: Le

text: Boeuf

question: Governon Robert Dinwiddie had an investment in what significan company?

answer: Ohio Company

text: Ohio Company

answer: Ohio Company

text: Ohio Company

answer: Ohio Company,

text: Ohio Company,

answer: Ohio Company

text: Ohio Company

answer: the Ohio Company

text: the Ohio Company

question: Who did Dinwiddie order to address French in Virginia territory?

answer: Major George Washington

text: Major George Washington

answer: George Washington

text: George Washington

answer: Major George Washington

text: Major George Washington

answer: George Washington

text: George Washington

answer: Major George Washington

text: Major George Washington

question: Who was added to party as Washington went on the way?

answer: Jacob Van Braam as an interpreter; Christopher Gist, a company surveyor working in the area; and a few Mingo led by Tanaghrisson

text: Jacob Van Braam as an interpreter; Christopher Gist, a company surveyor working in the area; and a few Mingo led by Tanaghrisson

answer: Jacob Van Braam

text: Jacob Van Braam

answer: Jacob Van Braam

text: Jacob Van Braam

answer: Jacob Van Braam

text: Jacob Van Braam

question: When did Washington reach Fort Le Boeuf?

answer: December 12

text: December 12

answer: December 12

text: December 12

answer: December 12

text: December 12

answer: December 12

text: December 12

answer: December 12

text: December 12

question: Governor Robert Dinwiddie had an investment in what insignificant company?

text: Ohio Company

question: Minister Robert Dinwiddie had an investment in what significant company?

text: Ohio Company

question: Who didn't Dinwiddie order to address French in Virginia territory?

text: Major George Washington

question: Who was lost to the party as Washington went on the way?

question: When didn't Washington reach Fort Le Boeuf?

text: December 12


text: In 1755, six colonial governors in North America met with General Edward Braddock, the newly arrived British Army commander, and planned a four-way attack on the French. None succeeded and the main effort by Braddock was a disaster; he was defeated in the Battle of the Monongahela on July 9, 1755 and died a few days later. British operations in 1755, 1756 and 1757 in the frontier areas of Pennsylvania and New York all failed, due to a combination of poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts, French regular forces, and Indian warrior allies. In 1755, the British captured Fort Beauséjour on the border separating Nova Scotia from Acadia; soon afterward they ordered the expulsion of the Acadians. Orders for the deportation were given by William Shirley, Commander-in-Chief, North America, without direction from Great Britain. The Acadians, both those captured in arms and those who had sworn the loyalty oath to His Britannic Majesty, were expelled. Native Americans were likewise driven off their land to make way for settlers from New England.

title: French_and_Indian_War

title: French_and_Indian_War

text: In

text: six

text: colonial

text: governors

text: in

text: North

text: America

text: met

text: with

text: General

text: Edward

text: Braddock

text: the

text: newly

text: arrived

text: British

text: Army

text: commander

text: and

text: planned

text: a

text: four

text: way

text: attack

text: on

text: the

text: French

text: succeeded

text: and

text: the

text: main

text: effort

text: by

text: Braddock

text: was

text: a

text: disaster

text: he

text: was

text: defeated

text: in

text: the

text: Battle

text: of

text: the

text: Monongahela

text: on

text: July

text: and

text: died

text: a

text: few

text: days

text: later

text: British

text: operations

text: in

text: and

text: in

text: the

text: frontier

text: areas

text: of

text: Pennsylvania

text: and

text: New

text: York

text: all

text: failed

text: due

text: to

text: a

text: combination

text: of

text: poor

text: management

text: internal

text: divisions

text: and

text: effective

text: Canadian

text: scouts

text: French

text: regular

text: forces

text: and

text: Indian

text: warrior

text: allies

text: In

text: the

text: British

text: captured

text: Fort

text: Beauséjour

text: on

text: the

text: border

text: separating

text: Nova

text: Scotia

text: from

text: Acadia

text: soon

text: afterward

text: they

text: ordered

text: the

text: expulsion

text: of

text: the

text: Acadians

text: Orders

text: for

text: the

text: deportation

text: were

text: given

text: by

text: William

text: Shirley

text: Commander

text: in

text: Chief

text: North

text: America

text: without

text: direction

text: from

text: Great

text: Britain

text: The

text: Acadians

text: both

text: those

text: captured

text: in

text: arms

text: and

text: those

text: who

text: had

text: sworn

text: the

text: loyalty

text: oath

text: to

text: His

text: Britannic

text: Majesty

text: were

text: expelled

text: Native

text: Americans

text: were

text: likewise

text: driven

text: off

text: their

text: land

text: to

text: make

text: way

text: for

text: settlers

text: from

text: New

text: England

question: When did colonial governors meet with General Edward Braddock about attack on the french?

answer: 1755

answer: 1755

answer: 1755

answer: 1755

answer: 1755

question: How successful was initial effort by Braddock?

answer: disaster; he was defeated in the Battle of the Monongahela

text: disaster; he was defeated in the Battle of the Monongahela

answer: disaster

text: disaster

answer: was a disaster

text: was a disaster

answer: he was defeated

text: he was defeated

answer: None succeeded

text: None succeeded

question: Why did British operation fail in 1755, 56, 57?

answer: combination of poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts, French regular forces, and Indian warrior allies

text: combination of poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts, French regular forces, and Indian warrior allies

answer: poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts, French regular forces, and Indian warrior allies

text: poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts, French regular forces, and Indian warrior allies

answer: a combination of poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts, French regular forces, and Indian warrior allies

text: a combination of poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts, French regular forces, and Indian warrior allies

answer: poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts

text: poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts

answer: a combination of poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts

text: a combination of poor management, internal divisions, and effective Canadian scouts

question: In 1755 what fort did British capture?

answer: Fort Beauséjour

text: Fort Beauséjour

answer: Fort Beauséjour

text: Fort Beauséjour

answer: Fort Beauséjour

text: Fort Beauséjour

answer: Fort Beauséjour

text: Fort Beauséjour

answer: Fort Beauséjour

text: Fort Beauséjour

question: What order did British make of French?

answer: expulsion of the Acadians

text: expulsion of the Acadians

answer: expulsion of the Acadians

text: expulsion of the Acadians

answer: deportation

text: deportation

answer: expulsion

text: expulsion

answer: deportation

text: deportation

question: When did colonial governors meet with General Edward Braddock about peace with the french?

question: How unsuccessful was initial effort by Braddock?

question: Why did British operation succeed in 1755, 56, 57?

question: In 1755 what fort did British surrender?

text: Fort Beauséjour

question: What order didn't British make of French?

text: expulsion of the Acadians


text: Although the reciprocating steam engine is no longer in widespread commercial use, various companies are exploring or exploiting the potential of the engine as an alternative to internal combustion engines. The company Energiprojekt AB in Sweden has made progress in using modern materials for harnessing the power of steam. The efficiency of Energiprojekt's steam engine reaches some 27-30% on high-pressure engines. It is a single-step, 5-cylinder engine (no compound) with superheated steam and consumes approx. 4 kg (8.8 lb) of steam per kWh.[not in citation given]

title: Steam_engine

title: Steam_engine

text: Although

text: the

text: reciprocating

text: steam

text: engine

text: is

text: no

text: longer

text: in

text: widespread

text: commercial

text: use

text: various

text: companies

text: are

text: exploring

text: or

text: exploiting

text: the

text: potential

text: of

text: the

text: engine

text: as

text: an

text: alternative

text: to

text: internal

text: combustion

text: engines

text: The

text: company

text: Energiprojekt

text: AB

text: in

text: Sweden

text: has

text: made

text: progress

text: in

text: using

text: modern

text: materials

text: for

text: harnessing

text: the

text: power

text: of

text: steam

text: The

text: efficiency

text: of

text: Energiprojekt

text: 's

text: steam

text: engine

text: reaches

text: some

text: on

text: high

text: pressure

text: engines

text: It

text: is

text: a

text: single

text: step

text: engine

text: no

text: compound

text: with

text: superheated

text: steam

text: and

text: consumes

text: approx

text: kg

text: lb

text: of

text: steam

text: per

text: kWh.[not

text: in

text: citation

text: given

question: What modern company has been notably working on a steam engine using modern materials?

answer: Energiprojekt AB

text: Energiprojekt AB

answer: Energiprojekt AB

text: Energiprojekt AB

answer: Energiprojekt AB

text: Energiprojekt AB

question: Where is Energiprojekt AB based?

answer: Sweden

text: Sweden

answer: Sweden

text: Sweden

answer: Sweden

text: Sweden

question: How many cylinders does the Energiprojekt AB engine have?

answer: 5

answer: 5-cylinder

answer: 5

question: How many pounds of steam per kilowatt hour does the Energiprojekt AB engine use?

answer: 8.8

answer: 8.8

answer: 8.8

question: What percentage of a high pressure engine's efficiency has the Energiprojekt AB engine achieved?

answer: 27-30

answer: 27-30%

answer: 27-30%

question: What modern company has been notably working on a combustion engine using modern materials?

text: Energiprojekt AB

question: Where are high-pressure engines based?

text: Sweden

question: How many cylinders does the compound engine have?

question: How many pounds of steam per kilowatt hour does the internal combustion engine use?

question: What percentage of a high pressure engine's efficiency has the compound engine achieved?


text: As indigenous territories continue to be destroyed by deforestation and ecocide, such as in the Peruvian Amazon indigenous peoples' rainforest communities continue to disappear, while others, like the Urarina continue to struggle to fight for their cultural survival and the fate of their forested territories. Meanwhile, the relationship between non-human primates in the subsistence and symbolism of indigenous lowland South American peoples has gained increased attention, as have ethno-biology and community-based conservation efforts.

title: Amazon_rainforest

title: Amazon_rainforest

text: As

text: indigenous

text: territories

text: continue

text: to

text: be

text: destroyed

text: by

text: deforestation

text: and

text: ecocide

text: such

text: as

text: in

text: the

text: Peruvian

text: Amazon

text: indigenous

text: peoples

text: rainforest

text: communities

text: continue

text: to

text: disappear

text: while

text: others

text: like

text: the

text: Urarina

text: continue

text: to

text: struggle

text: to

text: fight

text: for

text: their

text: cultural

text: survival

text: and

text: the

text: fate

text: of

text: their

text: forested

text: territories

text: Meanwhile

text: the

text: relationship

text: between

text: non

text: human

text: primates

text: in

text: the

text: subsistence

text: and

text: symbolism

text: of

text: indigenous

text: lowland

text: South

text: American

text: peoples

text: has

text: gained

text: increased

text: attention

text: as

text: have

text: ethno

text: biology

text: and

text: community

text: based

text: conservation

text: efforts

question: What kind of territories are being destroyed by ecocide in the Amazon?

answer: indigenous territories

text: indigenous territories

answer: indigenous

text: indigenous

answer: indigenous

text: indigenous

question: What type of conservation effort is gaining attention in the Amazon?

answer: community-based conservation

text: community-based conservation

answer: community-based

text: community-based

answer: community-based

text: community-based

question: Indigenous territories are largely being destroyed in what two ways?

answer: deforestation and ecocide

text: deforestation and ecocide

answer: deforestation and ecocide

text: deforestation and ecocide

answer: deforestation and ecocide

text: deforestation and ecocide

question: The Peruvian Amazon indigienous people are one group struggling in the Amazon, what is another group?

answer: Urarina

text: Urarina

answer: Urarina

text: Urarina

answer: Urarina

text: Urarina

question: There is growing interest in what indigenous group in the Amazon?

answer: lowland South American

text: lowland South American

answer: lowland South American peoples

text: lowland South American peoples

answer: South American

text: South American

question: Modern settlements continue to be destroyed by what?

text: deforestation and ecocide

question: Community-based conservation efforts are being replaced where

text: South American

question: The Peruvian Amazon indigenous people and what other group continue to grow in the Amazon?

text: Urarina

question: Where has a relationship between humans gained increased attention?

question: Indigenous territories are being preserved through what type of conservation efforts?

text: community-based


text: The next major step occurred when James Watt developed (1763–1775) an improved version of Newcomen's engine, with a separate condenser. Boulton and Watt's early engines used half as much coal as John Smeaton's improved version of Newcomen's. Newcomen's and Watt's early engines were "atmospheric". They were powered by air pressure pushing a piston into the partial vacuum generated by condensing steam, instead of the pressure of expanding steam. The engine cylinders had to be large because the only usable force acting on them was due to atmospheric pressure.

title: Steam_engine

title: Steam_engine

text: The

text: next

text: major

text: step

text: occurred

text: when

text: James

text: Watt

text: developed

text: an

text: improved

text: version

text: of

text: Newcomen

text: 's

text: engine

text: with

text: a

text: separate

text: condenser

text: Boulton

text: and

text: Watt

text: 's

text: early

text: engines

text: used

text: half

text: as

text: much

text: coal

text: as

text: John

text: Smeaton

text: 's

text: improved

text: version

text: of

text: Newcomen

text: 's

text: Newcomen

text: 's

text: and

text: Watt

text: 's

text: early

text: engines

text: were

text: atmospheric

text: They

text: were

text: powered

text: by

text: air

text: pressure

text: pushing

text: a

text: piston

text: into

text: the

text: partial

text: vacuum

text: generated

text: by

text: condensing

text: steam

text: instead

text: of

text: the

text: pressure

text: of

text: expanding

text: steam

text: The

text: engine

text: cylinders

text: had

text: to

text: be

text: large

text: because

text: the

text: only

text: usable

text: force

text: acting

text: on

text: them

text: was

text: due

text: to

text: atmospheric

text: pressure

question: When did Watt finish the development of his improvements to Newcomen's engine?

answer: 1775

answer: 1763–1775

answer: 1775

answer: 1775

question: What did Watt add to Newcomen's engine between 1763 and 1775?

answer: condenser

text: condenser

answer: a separate condenser

text: a separate condenser

answer: condenser

text: condenser

answer: a separate condenser

text: a separate condenser

question: Compared to Smeaton's improvement on Newcomen's engine, how much coal did Watt's engine use?

answer: half

text: half

answer: half as much

text: half as much

answer: half as much coal

text: half as much coal

answer: half

text: half

question: In addition to Watt, Boulton and Smeaton, whose engine was an atmosphere design?

answer: Newcomen's

text: Newcomen's

answer: Newcomen's

text: Newcomen's

answer: Newcomen's and Watt's

text: Newcomen's and Watt's

answer: Newcomen

text: Newcomen

question: In an atmospheric engine, what does air pressure push against?

answer: piston

text: piston

answer: a piston

text: a piston

answer: piston

text: piston

answer: a piston

text: a piston

question: When did Watt finish the development of his improvements to engine cylinders?

question: What did Newcomen add to Wat's engine between 1763 and 1775?

text: condenser

question: Compared to Smeaton's improvements on Newcomen's engine, how much steam did Watt's engine use?

text: half

question: In addition to Watt, Boulton, and Smeaton, whose engine was a partial condenser design?

text: Newcomen's

question: In a condenser engine, what does air pressure push against?

text: piston


text: Many machine models different from the standard multi-tape Turing machines have been proposed in the literature, for example random access machines. Perhaps surprisingly, each of these models can be converted to another without providing any extra computational power. The time and memory consumption of these alternate models may vary. What all these models have in common is that the machines operate deterministically.

title: Computational_complexity_theory

title: Computational_complexity_theory

text: Many

text: machine

text: models

text: different

text: from

text: the

text: standard

text: multi

text: tape

text: Turing

text: machines

text: have

text: been

text: proposed

text: in

text: the

text: literature

text: for

text: example

text: random

text: access

text: machines

text: Perhaps

text: surprisingly

text: each

text: of

text: these

text: models

text: can

text: be

text: converted

text: to

text: another

text: without

text: providing

text: any

text: extra

text: computational

text: power

text: The

text: time

text: and

text: memory

text: consumption

text: of

text: these

text: alternate

text: models

text: may

text: vary

text: What

text: all

text: these

text: models

text: have

text: in

text: common

text: is

text: that

text: the

text: machines

text: operate

text: deterministically

question: What is an example of a machine model that deviates from a generally accepted multi-tape Turing machine?

answer: random access machines

text: random access machines

answer: random access machines

text: random access machines

answer: random access machines

text: random access machines

question: In considering Turing machines and alternate variables, what measurement left unaffected by conversion between machine models?

answer: computational power

text: computational power

answer: computational power

text: computational power

answer: computational power

text: computational power

question: What two resources commonly consumed by alternate models are typically known to vary?

answer: time and memory

text: time and memory

answer: time and memory consumption

text: time and memory consumption

answer: time and memory consumption

text: time and memory consumption

question: What commonality do alternate machine models, such as random access machines, share with Turing machines?

answer: the machines operate deterministically

text: the machines operate deterministically

answer: deterministically

text: deterministically

answer: the machines operate deterministically

text: the machines operate deterministically

question: What is not an example of a machine model that deviates from a generally accepted multi-tape Turing machine?

text: random access machines.

question: What measurement is affected by conversion between machine models?

text: computational power

question: What two resources are uncommonly consumed by alternate models and are typically known to vary?

text: time and memory

question: What do all these models not have in common?


text: The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of unification of disparate ideas. For example, Isaac Newton unified the force responsible for objects falling at the surface of the Earth with the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics in his universal theory of gravitation. Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through one consistent theory of electromagnetism. In the 20th century, the development of quantum mechanics led to a modern understanding that the first three fundamental forces (all except gravity) are manifestations of matter (fermions) interacting by exchanging virtual particles called gauge bosons. This standard model of particle physics posits a similarity between the forces and led scientists to predict the unification of the weak and electromagnetic forces in electroweak theory subsequently confirmed by observation. The complete formulation of the standard model predicts an as yet unobserved Higgs mechanism, but observations such as neutrino oscillations indicate that the standard model is incomplete. A Grand Unified Theory allowing for the combination of the electroweak interaction with the strong force is held out as a possibility with candidate theories such as supersymmetry proposed to accommodate some of the outstanding unsolved problems in physics. Physicists are still attempting to develop self-consistent unification models that would combine all four fundamental interactions into a theory of everything. Einstein tried and failed at this endeavor, but currently the most popular approach to answering this question is string theory.:212–219

title: Force

title: Force

text: The

text: development

text: of

text: fundamental

text: theories

text: for

text: forces

text: proceeded

text: along

text: the

text: lines

text: of

text: unification

text: of

text: disparate

text: ideas

text: For

text: example

text: Isaac

text: Newton

text: unified

text: the

text: force

text: responsible

text: for

text: objects

text: falling

text: at

text: the

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: with

text: the

text: force

text: responsible

text: for

text: the

text: orbits

text: of

text: celestial

text: mechanics

text: in

text: his

text: universal

text: theory

text: of

text: gravitation

text: Michael

text: Faraday

text: and

text: James

text: Clerk

text: Maxwell

text: demonstrated

text: that

text: electric

text: and

text: magnetic

text: forces

text: were

text: unified

text: through

text: one

text: consistent

text: theory

text: of

text: electromagnetism

text: In

text: the

text: century

text: the

text: development

text: of

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: led

text: to

text: a

text: modern

text: understanding

text: that

text: the

text: first

text: three

text: fundamental

text: forces

text: all

text: except

text: gravity

text: are

text: manifestations

text: of

text: matter

text: fermions

text: interacting

text: by

text: exchanging

text: virtual

text: particles

text: called

text: gauge

text: bosons

text: This

text: standard

text: model

text: of

text: particle

text: physics

text: posits

text: a

text: similarity

text: between

text: the

text: forces

text: and

text: led

text: scientists

text: to

text: predict

text: the

text: unification

text: of

text: the

text: weak

text: and

text: electromagnetic

text: forces

text: in

text: electroweak

text: theory

text: subsequently

text: confirmed

text: by

text: observation

text: The

text: complete

text: formulation

text: of

text: the

text: standard

text: model

text: predicts

text: an

text: as

text: yet

text: unobserved

text: Higgs

text: mechanism

text: but

text: observations

text: such

text: as

text: neutrino

text: oscillations

text: indicate

text: that

text: the

text: standard

text: model

text: is

text: incomplete

text: A

text: Grand

text: Unified

text: Theory

text: allowing

text: for

text: the

text: combination

text: of

text: the

text: electroweak

text: interaction

text: with

text: the

text: strong

text: force

text: is

text: held

text: out

text: as

text: a

text: possibility

text: with

text: candidate

text: theories

text: such

text: as

text: supersymmetry

text: proposed

text: to

text: accommodate

text: some

text: of

text: the

text: outstanding

text: unsolved

text: problems

text: in

text: physics

text: Physicists

text: are

text: still

text: attempting

text: to

text: develop

text: self

text: consistent

text: unification

text: models

text: that

text: would

text: combine

text: all

text: four

text: fundamental

text: interactions

text: into

text: a

text: theory

text: of

text: everything

text: Einstein

text: tried

text: and

text: failed

text: at

text: this

text: endeavor

text: but

text: currently

text: the

text: most

text: popular

text: approach

text: to

text: answering

text: this

text: question

text: is

text: string

question: Who formed the universal theory of gravitation?

answer: Isaac Newton

text: Isaac Newton

answer: Isaac Newton

text: Isaac Newton

answer: Isaac Newton

text: Isaac Newton

answer: Isaac Newton

text: Isaac Newton

question: In what century was quantum mechanics made?

answer: 20th

answer: the 20th century

text: the 20th century

answer: 20th

answer: 20th

question: What kind of self-consistent models are physicists trying to make that would create a theory of everything?

answer: unification

text: unification

answer: unification models

text: unification models

answer: unification

text: unification

answer: unification

text: unification

question: What type of physics model did Einstein fail to make?

answer: self-consistent unification

text: self-consistent unification

answer: self-consistent unification models

text: self-consistent unification models

answer: self-consistent unification

text: self-consistent unification

answer: self-consistent unification models that would combine all four fundamental interactions

text: self-consistent unification models that would combine all four fundamental interactions

question: What proceeded along the lines of unification of similar ideas?

question: Who unified the force responsible for atoms falling at the surface of the Earth?

text: Isaac Newton

question: Who demonstrated that electric and magnetic forces were unified through two consistent theories?

text: Michael Faraday and James Clerk Maxwell

question: In the 19th century, the development of quantum mechanics led to what?

text: a modern understanding


text: Its counties of Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside are the five most populous in the state and all are in the top 15 most populous counties in the United States.

title: Southern_California

title: Southern_California

text: Its

text: counties

text: of

text: Los

text: Angeles

text: Orange

text: San

text: Diego

text: San

text: Bernardino

text: and

text: Riverside

text: are

text: the

text: five

text: most

text: populous

text: in

text: the

text: state

text: and

text: all

text: are

text: in

text: the

text: top

text: most

text: populous

text: counties

text: in

text: the

text: United

text: States

question: Orange, San Diego, Riverside and San Bernardino make up four of the five counties. What is the name of the last county?

answer: Los Angeles

text: Los Angeles

answer: Los Angeles

text: Los Angeles

answer: Riverside

text: Riverside

question: What country are all the counties in?

answer: United States

text: United States

answer: the United States

text: the United States

answer: Los Angeles

text: Los Angeles

question: What are Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino and Riverside?

answer: counties

text: counties

answer: counties

text: counties

answer: five most populous in the state

text: five most populous in the state

question: What is the lowest ranking one of the counties could have in terms of most populous counties in the United States?

answer: 15

answer: 15

answer: Riverside

text: Riverside

question: What is the smallest geographical region discussed?

answer: counties

text: counties

answer: Riverside

text: Riverside

question: What are the five most populous counties in the United States?

question: How many populous counties are in the United States?

question: What county are Los Angeles, Orange, San Diego, San Bernardino, and Riverside located in?

text: United States


text: Fresno is the largest U.S. city not directly linked to an Interstate highway. When the Interstate Highway System was created in the 1950s, the decision was made to build what is now Interstate 5 on the west side of the Central Valley, and thus bypass many of the population centers in the region, instead of upgrading what is now State Route 99. Due to rapidly raising population and traffic in cities along SR 99, as well as the desirability of Federal funding, much discussion has been made to upgrade it to interstate standards and eventually incorporate it into the interstate system, most likely as Interstate 9. Major improvements to signage, lane width, median separation, vertical clearance, and other concerns are currently underway.

title: Fresno,_California

title: Fresno,_California

text: Fresno

text: is

text: the

text: largest

text: U.S.

text: city

text: not

text: directly

text: linked

text: to

text: an

text: Interstate

text: highway

text: When

text: the

text: Interstate

text: Highway

text: System

text: was

text: created

text: in

text: the

text: the

text: decision

text: was

text: made

text: to

text: build

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: Interstate

text: on

text: the

text: west

text: side

text: of

text: the

text: Central

text: Valley

text: and

text: thus

text: bypass

text: many

text: of

text: the

text: population

text: centers

text: in

text: the

text: region

text: instead

text: of

text: upgrading

text: what

text: is

text: now

text: State

text: Route

text: Due

text: to

text: rapidly

text: raising

text: population

text: and

text: traffic

text: in

text: cities

text: along

text: SR

text: as

text: well

text: as

text: the

text: desirability

text: of

text: Federal

text: funding

text: much

text: discussion

text: has

text: been

text: made

text: to

text: upgrade

text: it

text: to

text: interstate

text: standards

text: and

text: eventually

text: incorporate

text: it

text: into

text: the

text: interstate

text: system

text: most

text: likely

text: as

text: Interstate

text: Major

text: improvements

text: to

text: signage

text: lane

text: width

text: median

text: separation

text: vertical

text: clearance

text: and

text: other

text: concerns

text: are

text: currently

text: underway

question: Which is the largest city not connected to an interstate highway?

answer: Fresno

text: Fresno

answer: Fresno

text: Fresno

answer: Fresno

text: Fresno

question: In what year was the Interstate Highway System created?

answer: 1950s

answer: in the 1950s

text: in the 1950s

question: Which State Route has been in discussion to upgrade to interstate standards?

answer: 99

answer: State Route 99

text: State Route 99

answer: State Route 99

text: State Route 99

question: What are the factors that are contributing to the desire to have SR 99 improved to be of interstate standards?

answer: rapidly raising population and traffic in cities along SR 99

text: rapidly raising population and traffic in cities along SR 99

answer: rapidly raising population and traffic in cities along SR 99, as well as the desirability of Federal funding

text: rapidly raising population and traffic in cities along SR 99, as well as the desirability of Federal funding

answer: rapidly raising population and traffic in cities along SR 99, as well as the desirability of Federal funding

text: rapidly raising population and traffic in cities along SR 99, as well as the desirability of Federal funding

question: What is the largest city directly linked to an interstate?

text: Fresno

question: When was State Route 99 built?

question: What was rapidly increasing by interstate 5?

question: What do many people want to integrate into interstate 5?

text: SR 99

question: Which side is SR 99 built on?

text: west


text:
People who climb mountains or fly in non-pressurized fixed-wing aircraft sometimes have supplemental O
2 supplies.[h] Passengers traveling in (pressurized) commercial airplanes have an emergency supply of O
2 automatically supplied to them in case of cabin depressurization. Sudden cabin pressure loss activates chemical oxygen generators above each seat, causing oxygen masks to drop. Pulling on the masks "to start the flow of oxygen" as cabin safety instructions dictate, forces iron filings into the sodium chlorate inside the canister. A steady stream of oxygen gas is then produced by the exothermic reaction.

title: Oxygen

title: Oxygen

text: People

text: who

text: climb

text: mountains

text: or

text: fly

text: in

text: non

text: pressurized

text: fixed

text: wing

text: aircraft

text: sometimes

text: have

text: supplemental

text: O

text: supplies.[h

text: Passengers

text: traveling

text: in

text: pressurized

text: commercial

text: airplanes

text: have

text: an

text: emergency

text: supply

text: of

text: O

text: automatically

text: supplied

text: to

text: them

text: in

text: case

text: of

text: cabin

text: depressurization

text: Sudden

text: cabin

text: pressure

text: loss

text: activates

text: chemical

text: oxygen

text: generators

text: above

text: each

text: seat

text: causing

text: oxygen

text: masks

text: to

text: drop

text: Pulling

text: on

text: the

text: masks

text: to

text: start

text: the

text: flow

text: of

text: oxygen

text: as

text: cabin

text: safety

text: instructions

text: dictate

text: forces

text: iron

text: filings

text: into

text: the

text: sodium

text: chlorate

text: inside

text: the

text: canister

text: A

text: steady

text: stream

text: of

text: oxygen

text: gas

text: is

text: then

text: produced

text: by

text: the

text: exothermic

text: reaction

question: What event would necessitate airline passengers to need a supplemental supply of oxygen?

answer: cabin depressurization

text: cabin depressurization

answer: cabin depressurization

text: cabin depressurization

answer: cabin depressurization

text: cabin depressurization

answer: cabin depressurization

text: cabin depressurization

answer: depressurization

text: depressurization

question: What is the type of oxygen production for emergency oxygen in airlines?

answer: chemical

text: chemical

answer: chemical oxygen

text: chemical oxygen

answer: chemical

text: chemical

answer: chemical oxygen generators

text: chemical oxygen generators

answer: chemical

text: chemical

question: What type of reaction is present in the emergency oxygen generator of an airplane?

answer: exothermic

text: exothermic

answer: exothermic

text: exothermic

answer: exothermic

text: exothermic

answer: exothermic

text: exothermic

answer: exothermic reaction

text: exothermic reaction

question: What gas does the airline exothermic reaction produce?

answer: oxygen gas

text: oxygen gas

answer: oxygen

text: oxygen

answer: oxygen

text: oxygen

answer: oxygen

text: oxygen

answer: oxygen

text: oxygen

question: Who sometimes have supplemental O supplies?

question: Who has an emergency supply of O?

question: In case of cabin pressurization, what is available to passengers?

question: What type of reaction produces oxygen in plane cabins?

text: exothermic reaction


text: The notion "force" keeps its meaning in quantum mechanics, though one is now dealing with operators instead of classical variables and though the physics is now described by the Schrödinger equation instead of Newtonian equations. This has the consequence that the results of a measurement are now sometimes "quantized", i.e. they appear in discrete portions. This is, of course, difficult to imagine in the context of "forces". However, the potentials V(x,y,z) or fields, from which the forces generally can be derived, are treated similar to classical position variables, i.e., .

title: Force

title: Force

text: The

text: notion

text: force

text: keeps

text: its

text: meaning

text: in

text: quantum

text: mechanics

text: though

text: one

text: is

text: now

text: dealing

text: with

text: operators

text: instead

text: of

text: classical

text: variables

text: and

text: though

text: the

text: physics

text: is

text: now

text: described

text: by

text: the

text: Schrödinger

text: equation

text: instead

text: of

text: Newtonian

text: equations

text: This

text: has

text: the

text: consequence

text: that

text: the

text: results

text: of

text: a

text: measurement

text: are

text: now

text: sometimes

text: quantized

text: i.e.

text: they

text: appear

text: in

text: discrete

text: portions

text: This

text: is

text: of

text: course

text: difficult

text: to

text: imagine

text: in

text: the

text: context

text: of

text: forces

text: However

text: the

text: potentials

text: V(x

text: y

text: z

text: or

text: fields

text: from

text: which

text: the

text: forces

text: generally

text: can

text: be

text: derived

text: are

text: treated

text: similar

text: to

text: classical

text: position

text: variables

text: i.e.

question: What equation currently decribes the physics of force.

answer: Schrödinger

text: Schrödinger

answer: Newtonian equations

text: Newtonian equations

answer: the Schrödinger equation

text: the Schrödinger equation

answer: Schrödinger

text: Schrödinger

answer: Schrödinger equation

text: Schrödinger equation

question: What equation desribed the physics of force before the current Schrodinger equation?

answer: Newtonian

text: Newtonian

answer: Newtonian equations

text: Newtonian equations

answer: Newtonian equations.

text: Newtonian equations.

answer: Newtonian

text: Newtonian

answer: Newtonian equations

text: Newtonian equations

question: How are the forces derived from fields treated similarly to?

answer: classical position variables

text: classical position variables

answer: classical position variables

text: classical position variables

answer: classical position variables

text: classical position variables

answer: classical position variables

text: classical position variables

answer: classical position variables

text: classical position variables

question: What type of measurements result under Schrodinger equations when using operators instead of Newtonian variables?

answer: quantized

text: quantized

answer: operators

text: operators

answer: quantized

text: quantized

answer: quantized

text: quantized

answer: quantized

text: quantized

question: What notion keeps it's meaning through both Netonian and Schrodinger physics equations?

answer: force

text: force

answer: force

text: force

answer: force

text: force

answer: force

text: force

answer: The notion "force"

text: The notion "force"

question: What notion does not keep its meaning in quantum mechanics?

text: force

question: What notion causes one to deal with classical variables instead of operators?

text: force

question: What is now described by the Newtonian equations?

text: physics

question: What used to be described by the Schrodinger equation?

text: physics


text: Newton's Third Law is a result of applying symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects. The third law means that all forces are interactions between different bodies,[Note 3] and thus that there is no such thing as a unidirectional force or a force that acts on only one body. Whenever a first body exerts a force F on a second body, the second body exerts a force −F on the first body. F and −F are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction. This law is sometimes referred to as the action-reaction law, with F called the "action" and −F the "reaction". The action and the reaction are simultaneous:

title: Force

title: Force

text: Newton

text: 's

text: Third

text: Law

text: is

text: a

text: result

text: of

text: applying

text: symmetry

text: to

text: situations

text: where

text: forces

text: can

text: be

text: attributed

text: to

text: the

text: presence

text: of

text: different

text: objects

text: The

text: third

text: law

text: means

text: that

text: all

text: forces

text: are

text: interactions

text: between

text: different

text: bodies,[Note

text: and

text: thus

text: that

text: there

text: is

text: no

text: such

text: thing

text: as

text: a

text: unidirectional

text: force

text: or

text: a

text: force

text: that

text: acts

text: on

text: only

text: one

text: body

text: Whenever

text: a

text: first

text: body

text: exerts

text: a

text: force

text: F

text: on

text: a

text: second

text: body

text: the

text: second

text: body

text: exerts

text: a

text: force

text: −F

text: on

text: the

text: first

text: body

text: F

text: and

text: −F

text: are

text: equal

text: in

text: magnitude

text: and

text: opposite

text: in

text: direction

text: This

text: law

text: is

text: sometimes

text: referred

text: to

text: as

text: the

text: action

text: reaction

text: law

text: with

text: F

text: called

text: the

text: action

text: and

text: −F

text: the

text: reaction

text: The

text: action

text: and

text: the

text: reaction

text: are

text: simultaneous

question: When forces are from the presence of differnet objects, what law gives symmetry?

answer: Newton's Third

text: Newton's Third

answer: Newton's Third Law

text: Newton's Third Law

answer: Newton's Third Law

text: Newton's Third Law

answer: Newton's Third Law

text: Newton's Third Law

answer: Newton's Third Law

text: Newton's Third Law

question: What law staes that forces are interactions between bodies?

answer: Newton's Third

text: Newton's Third

answer: The third law

text: The third law

answer: The third law

text: The third law

answer: Newton's Third Law

text: Newton's Third Law

answer: Newton's Third Law

text: Newton's Third Law

question: What kind of force does not exist under Newton's third law?

answer: unidirectional

text: unidirectional

answer: unidirectional force

text: unidirectional force

answer: unidirectional force

text: unidirectional force

answer: unidirectional

text: unidirectional

answer: unidirectional force

text: unidirectional force

question: What is the equality of forces between two objects exerting force on each other??

answer: magnitude

text: magnitude

answer: action-reaction

text: action-reaction

answer: the action-reaction law

text: the action-reaction law

answer: equal in magnitude

text: equal in magnitude

question: Newton's Fifth Law is the result of applying symmetry to what?

text: situations

question: Newton's Fifth Law means that only some forces are interactions between whom?

text: different bodies

question: When a second body exerts a force F on a first body, what happens to the second body?


text: In February 2010, in response to controversies regarding claims in the Fourth Assessment Report, five climate scientists – all contributing or lead IPCC report authors – wrote in the journal Nature calling for changes to the IPCC. They suggested a range of new organizational options, from tightening the selection of lead authors and contributors, to dumping it in favor of a small permanent body, or even turning the whole climate science assessment process into a moderated "living" Wikipedia-IPCC. Other recommendations included that the panel employ a full-time staff and remove government oversight from its processes to avoid political interference.

title: Intergovernmental_Panel_on_Climate_Change

text: In

text: February

text: in

text: response

text: to

text: controversies

text: regarding

text: claims

text: in

text: the

text: Fourth

text: Assessment

text: Report

text: five

text: climate

text: scientists

text: all

text: contributing

text: or

text: lead

text: IPCC

text: report

text: authors

text: wrote

text: in

text: the

text: journal

text: Nature

text: calling

text: for

text: changes

text: to

text: the

text: IPCC

text: They

text: suggested

text: a

text: range

text: of

text: new

text: organizational

text: options

text: from

text: tightening

text: the

text: selection

text: of

text: lead

text: authors

text: and

text: contributors

text: to

text: dumping

text: it

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: a

text: small

text: permanent

text: body

text: or

text: even

text: turning

text: the

text: whole

text: climate

text: science

text: assessment

text: process

text: into

text: a

text: moderated

text: living

text: Wikipedia

text: IPCC

text: Other

text: recommendations

text: included

text: that

text: the

text: panel

text: employ

text: a

text: full

text: time

text: staff

text: and

text: remove

text: government

text: oversight

text: from

text: its

text: processes

text: to

text: avoid

text: political

text: interference

question: How many scientists called to change the IPCC in Feb 2010?

answer: five

text: five

answer: five

text: five

answer: five

text: five

question: Where was the Feb 2010 call for change published?

answer: the journal Nature

text: the journal Nature

answer: the journal Nature

text: the journal Nature

answer: the journal Nature

text: the journal Nature

question: What was one proposal to let the IPCC respond to new evidence faster?

answer: turning the whole climate science assessment process into a moderated "living" Wikipedia-IPCC

text: turning the whole climate science assessment process into a moderated "living" Wikipedia-IPCC

answer: turning the whole climate science assessment process into a moderated "living" Wikipedia-IPCC

text: turning the whole climate science assessment process into a moderated "living" Wikipedia-IPCC

answer: turning the whole climate science assessment process into a moderated "living" Wikipedia-IPCC

text: turning the whole climate science assessment process into a moderated "living" Wikipedia-IPCC

question: How was it suggested that the IPCC avoid political problems?

answer: remove government oversight from its processes

text: remove government oversight from its processes

answer: remove government oversight

text: remove government oversight

answer: remove government oversight from its processes

text: remove government oversight from its processes

question: What date was the Fourth Assessment Report published?

text: February 2010

question: In which journal did five lead IPCC authors call for support of the IPCC?

text: Nature

question: Who called for more government oversight into the IPCC?

text: five climate scientists

question: What did the IPCC complain was happening from government oversight?

text: political interference

question: What is one way the current IPCC responds to new evidence quickly?

text: a moderated "living" Wikipedia-IPCC


text: Braddock (with George Washington as one of his aides) led about 1,500 army troops and provincial militia on an expedition in June 1755 to take Fort Duquesne. The expedition was a disaster. It was attacked by French and Indian soldiers ambushing them from up in trees and behind logs. Braddock called for a retreat. He was killed. Approximately 1,000 British soldiers were killed or injured. The remaining 500 British troops, led by George Washington, retreated to Virginia. Two future opponents in the American Revolutionary War, Washington and Thomas Gage, played key roles in organizing the retreat.

title: French_and_Indian_War

title: French_and_Indian_War

text: Braddock

text: with

text: George

text: Washington

text: as

text: one

text: of

text: his

text: aides

text: led

text: about

text: army

text: troops

text: and

text: provincial

text: militia

text: on

text: an

text: expedition

text: in

text: June

text: to

text: take

text: Fort

text: Duquesne

text: The

text: expedition

text: was

text: a

text: disaster

text: It

text: was

text: attacked

text: by

text: French

text: and

text: Indian

text: soldiers

text: ambushing

text: them

text: from

text: up

text: in

text: trees

text: and

text: behind

text: logs

text: Braddock

text: called

text: for

text: a

text: retreat

text: He

text: was

text: killed

text: Approximately

text: British

text: soldiers

text: were

text: killed

text: or

text: injured

text: The

text: remaining

text: British

text: troops

text: led

text: by

text: George

text: Washington

text: retreated

text: to

text: Virginia

text: Two

text: future

text: opponents

text: in

text: the

text: American

text: Revolutionary

text: War

text: Washington

text: and

text: Thomas

text: Gage

text: played

text: key

text: roles

text: in

text: organizing

text: the

text: retreat

question: Who went to Fort Dusquesne in June 1755?

answer: Braddock (with George Washington as one of his aides) led about 1,500 army troops

text: Braddock (with George Washington as one of his aides) led about 1,500 army troops

answer: Braddock

text: Braddock

answer: Braddock (with George Washington

text: Braddock (with George Washington

answer: Braddock

text: Braddock

answer: Braddock

text: Braddock

question: How much success did this expedition with Braddock find?

answer: The expedition was a disaster

text: The expedition was a disaster

answer: disaster

text: disaster

answer: was a disaster

text: was a disaster

answer: disaster

text: disaster

answer: The expedition was a disaster

text: The expedition was a disaster

question: How many casualties did British get?

answer: Approximately 1,000 British soldiers were killed or injured.

text: Approximately 1,000 British soldiers were killed or injured.

answer: Approximately 1,000

text: Approximately 1,000

answer: 1,000 British soldiers

text: 1,000 British soldiers

answer: 1,000

answer: 1,000 British soldiers

text: 1,000 British soldiers

question: What future Revolutionary key figures participated in this attack?

answer: Washington and Thomas Gage

text: Washington and Thomas Gage

answer: George Washington

text: George Washington

answer: Washington and Thomas Gage

text: Washington and Thomas Gage

answer: Washington and Thomas Gage

text: Washington and Thomas Gage

answer: George Washington

text: George Washington

question: Who went to Fort Dusquesne in June 1745?

text: Braddock

question: Who went to Fort Dusquesne in July 1755?

text: Braddock

question: How much success didn't this expedition with Braddock find?

text: The expedition was a disaster

question: How many casualties didn't British get?

text: Approximately 1,000

question: What future Revolutionary key figures never participated in this attack?

text: Washington and Thomas Gage


text: Proportionality is recognised one of the general principles of European Union law by the European Court of Justice since the 1950s. According to the general principle of proportionality the lawfulness of an action depends on whether it was appropriate and necessary to achieve the objectives legitimately pursued. When there is a choice between several appropriate measures the least onerous must be adopted, and any disadvantage caused must not be disproportionate to the aims pursued. The principle of proportionality is also recognised in Article 5 of the EC Treaty, stating that "any action by the Community shall not go beyond what is necessary to achieve the objectives of this Treaty".

title: European_Union_law

title: European_Union_law

text: Proportionality

text: is

text: recognised

text: one

text: of

text: the

text: general

text: principles

text: of

text: European

text: Union

text: law

text: by

text: the

text: European

text: Court

text: of

text: Justice

text: since

text: the

text: According

text: to

text: the

text: general

text: principle

text: of

text: proportionality

text: the

text: lawfulness

text: of

text: an

text: action

text: depends

text: on

text: whether

text: it

text: was

text: appropriate

text: and

text: necessary

text: to

text: achieve

text: the

text: objectives

text: legitimately

text: pursued

text: When

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: choice

text: between

text: several

text: appropriate

text: measures

text: the

text: least

text: onerous

text: must

text: be

text: adopted

text: and

text: any

text: disadvantage

text: caused

text: must

text: not

text: be

text: disproportionate

text: to

text: the

text: aims

text: pursued

text: The

text: principle

text: of

text: proportionality

text: is

text: also

text: recognised

text: in

text: Article

text: of

text: the

text: EC

text: Treaty

text: stating

text: that

text: any

text: action

text: by

text: the

text: Community

text: shall

text: not

text: go

text: beyond

text: what

text: is

text: necessary

text: to

text: achieve

text: the

text: objectives

text: of

text: this

text: Treaty

question: How long has Proportionality been recognized as one of the general principles of EU law?

answer: since the 1950s

text: since the 1950s

answer: since the 1950s

text: since the 1950s

answer: since the 1950s

text: since the 1950s

question: Where is the principle of proportionality recognized in the EC treaty?

answer: in Article 5

text: in Article 5

answer: the lawfulness of an action depends on whether it was appropriate and necessary to achieve the objectives legitimately pursued

text: the lawfulness of an action depends on whether it was appropriate and necessary to achieve the objectives legitimately pursued

answer: Article 5

text: Article 5

question: Which measure must be adopted when there is a choice between several?

answer: the least onerous

text: the least onerous

answer: the least onerous must be adopted

text: the least onerous must be adopted

answer: the least onerous must be adopted

text: the least onerous must be adopted

question: How long has Proportionality not been recognized as one of the general principles of Eu law?

text: since the 1950s

question: What does the lawfulness of action not depend on?

question: Which measure is adopted when there is a choice between several inappropriate measures?

text: the least onerous

question: Where is the principle of proportionality not recognized in the EC treaty?

text: in Article 5

question: What is not stated in Article 5 of the EC Treaty?


text: Kublai's government after 1262 was a compromise between preserving Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects. He instituted the reforms proposed by his Chinese advisers by centralizing the bureaucracy, expanding the circulation of paper money, and maintaining the traditional monopolies on salt and iron. He restored the Imperial Secretariat and left the local administrative structure of past Chinese dynasties unchanged. However, Kublai rejected plans to revive the Confucian imperial examinations and divided Yuan society into three, later four, classes with the Han Chinese occupying the lowest rank. Kublai's Chinese advisers still wielded significant power in the government, but their official rank was nebulous.

title: Yuan_dynasty

title: Yuan_dynasty

text: Kublai

text: 's

text: government

text: after

text: was

text: a

text: compromise

text: between

text: preserving

text: Mongol

text: interests

text: in

text: China

text: and

text: satisfying

text: the

text: demands

text: of

text: his

text: Chinese

text: subjects

text: He

text: instituted

text: the

text: reforms

text: proposed

text: by

text: his

text: Chinese

text: advisers

text: by

text: centralizing

text: the

text: bureaucracy

text: expanding

text: the

text: circulation

text: of

text: paper

text: money

text: and

text: maintaining

text: the

text: traditional

text: monopolies

text: on

text: salt

text: and

text: iron

text: He

text: restored

text: the

text: Imperial

text: Secretariat

text: and

text: left

text: the

text: local

text: administrative

text: structure

text: of

text: past

text: Chinese

text: dynasties

text: unchanged

text: However

text: Kublai

text: rejected

text: plans

text: to

text: revive

text: the

text: Confucian

text: imperial

text: examinations

text: and

text: divided

text: Yuan

text: society

text: into

text: three

text: later

text: four

text: classes

text: with

text: the

text: Han

text: Chinese

text: occupying

text: the

text: lowest

text: rank

text: Kublai

text: 's

text: Chinese

text: advisers

text: still

text: wielded

text: significant

text: power

text: in

text: the

text: government

text: but

text: their

text: official

text: rank

text: was

text: nebulous

question: What did Kublai's government have to balance between?

answer: preserving Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects

text: preserving Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects

answer: preserving Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects

text: preserving Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects

answer: preserving Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects

text: preserving Mongol interests in China and satisfying the demands of his Chinese subjects

question: What natural resources did the Chinese government have a monopoly on?

answer: salt and iron

text: salt and iron

answer: salt and iron

text: salt and iron

answer: salt and iron

text: salt and iron

question: What administrative division did Kublai leave unmodified?

answer: local administrative structure of past Chinese dynasties

text: local administrative structure of past Chinese dynasties

answer: local administrative structure

text: local administrative structure

answer: local

text: local

question: How many societal class divisions were in the plan Kublai rejected?

answer: three, later four

text: three, later four

answer: four

text: four

answer: three

text: three

question: Who would have been the lowest-ranked class?

answer: Han Chinese

text: Han Chinese

answer: Han Chinese

text: Han Chinese

answer: the Han Chinese

text: the Han Chinese

question: What did Kublai's government not balance between?

question: What natural resources did the Chinese government not have a monopoly on?

text: salt and iron

question: What administrative division did Kublai leave modified?

text: local administrative structure

question: How many societal class divisions were in the plan Kublai approved?

text: three, later four,

question: Who would have been the highest-ranked class?

text: Han Chinese


text: Packet switching contrasts with another principal networking paradigm, circuit switching, a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session, each having a constant bit rate and latency between nodes. In cases of billable services, such as cellular communication services, circuit switching is characterized by a fee per unit of connection time, even when no data is transferred, while packet switching may be characterized by a fee per unit of information transmitted, such as characters, packets, or messages.

title: Packet_switching

title: Packet_switching

text: Packet

text: switching

text: contrasts

text: with

text: another

text: principal

text: networking

text: paradigm

text: circuit

text: switching

text: a

text: method

text: which

text: pre

text: allocates

text: dedicated

text: network

text: bandwidth

text: specifically

text: for

text: each

text: communication

text: session

text: each

text: having

text: a

text: constant

text: bit

text: rate

text: and

text: latency

text: between

text: nodes

text: In

text: cases

text: of

text: billable

text: services

text: such

text: as

text: cellular

text: communication

text: services

text: circuit

text: switching

text: is

text: characterized

text: by

text: a

text: fee

text: per

text: unit

text: of

text: connection

text: time

text: even

text: when

text: no

text: data

text: is

text: transferred

text: while

text: packet

text: switching

text: may

text: be

text: characterized

text: by

text: a

text: fee

text: per

text: unit

text: of

text: information

text: transmitted

text: such

text: as

text: characters

text: packets

text: or

text: messages

question: Packet Switching contrast with what other principal

answer: circuit switching

text: circuit switching

answer: circuit switching

text: circuit switching

answer: circuit switching

text: circuit switching

question: What is circuit switching characterized by

answer: circuit switching is characterized by a fee per unit of connection time

text: circuit switching is characterized by a fee per unit of connection time

answer: a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session

text: a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session

answer: fee per unit of connection time

text: fee per unit of connection time

question: How is packet switching charecterized

answer: by a fee per unit of information transmitted

text: by a fee per unit of information transmitted

answer: a fee per unit of information transmitted

text: a fee per unit of information transmitted

answer: fee per unit of information transmitted

text: fee per unit of information transmitted

question: What does Packet switching contrast with

answer: circuit switching

text: circuit switching

answer: circuit switching

text: circuit switching

answer: circuit switching

text: circuit switching

question: How is circuit switching allocated

answer: a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth

text: a method which pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth

answer: pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session

text: pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session

answer: pre-allocates

text: pre-allocates

question: How is circuit switching charecterized

answer: by a fee per unit of connection time, even when no data is transferred

text: by a fee per unit of connection time, even when no data is transferred

answer: a fee per unit of connection time

text: a fee per unit of connection time

answer: fee per unit of connection time

text: fee per unit of connection time

question: How is packet switching characterized

answer: by a fee per unit of information transmitted, such as characters, packets, or messages

text: by a fee per unit of information transmitted, such as characters, packets, or messages

answer: a fee per unit of information transmitted

text: a fee per unit of information transmitted

answer: fee per unit of information transmitted

text: fee per unit of information transmitted

question: What is Circuit Switching?

text: principal networking paradigm

question: How much bandwidth is dedicated for each communication session?

question: How is information charged for packet switching?

text: fee per unit of information transmitted

question: How is information charged differently for Circuit Switching?

text: fee per unit of connection time

question: What is latency between nodes?

text: a constant bit rate

question: What is packet switching?

question: Packet switching communication has what kind of bit rate?

text: a constant bit rate

question: How is Packet Switching allocated?

question: Packet switching speed is determined by what factor?

text: latency between nodes

question: Packet switching uses what kind of network?

text: dedicated network

question: Are the sizes of packets variable?

question: If packet sizes are variable, then are they always charged at the same rate per packet?

question: What is the minimum amount, if any, of data to make up a packet?

question: Can a packet be sent empty?  If so, is it billable?

question: Circuit switching charges a fee for transferring what kind of information?

text: characters, packets, or messages.

question: Does packet switching charge a fee when no data is transferred?

question: What does packet switching pre-allocate?

question: What is special about communication sessions with packet switching?


text: The main use for steam turbines is in electricity generation (in the 1990s about 90% of the world's electric production was by use of steam turbines) however the recent widespread application of large gas turbine units and typical combined cycle power plants has resulted in reduction of this percentage to the 80% regime for steam turbines. In electricity production, the high speed of turbine rotation matches well with the speed of modern electric generators, which are typically direct connected to their driving turbines. In marine service, (pioneered on the Turbinia), steam turbines with reduction gearing (although the Turbinia has direct turbines to propellers with no reduction gearbox) dominated large ship propulsion throughout the late 20th century, being more efficient (and requiring far less maintenance) than reciprocating steam engines. In recent decades, reciprocating Diesel engines, and gas turbines, have almost entirely supplanted steam propulsion for marine applications.

title: Steam_engine

title: Steam_engine

text: The

text: main

text: use

text: for

text: steam

text: turbines

text: is

text: in

text: electricity

text: generation

text: in

text: the

text: about

text: of

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: electric

text: production

text: was

text: by

text: use

text: of

text: steam

text: turbines

text: however

text: the

text: recent

text: widespread

text: application

text: of

text: large

text: gas

text: turbine

text: units

text: and

text: typical

text: combined

text: cycle

text: power

text: plants

text: has

text: resulted

text: in

text: reduction

text: of

text: this

text: percentage

text: to

text: the

text: regime

text: for

text: steam

text: turbines

text: In

text: electricity

text: production

text: the

text: high

text: speed

text: of

text: turbine

text: rotation

text: matches

text: well

text: with

text: the

text: speed

text: of

text: modern

text: electric

text: generators

text: which

text: are

text: typically

text: direct

text: connected

text: to

text: their

text: driving

text: turbines

text: In

text: marine

text: service

text: pioneered

text: on

text: the

text: Turbinia

text: steam

text: turbines

text: with

text: reduction

text: gearing

text: although

text: the

text: Turbinia

text: has

text: direct

text: turbines

text: to

text: propellers

text: with

text: no

text: reduction

text: gearbox

text: dominated

text: large

text: ship

text: propulsion

text: throughout

text: the

text: late

text: century

text: being

text: more

text: efficient

text: and

text: requiring

text: far

text: less

text: maintenance

text: than

text: reciprocating

text: steam

text: engines

text: In

text: recent

text: decades

text: reciprocating

text: Diesel

text: engines

text: and

text: gas

text: turbines

text: have

text: almost

text: entirely

text: supplanted

text: steam

text: propulsion

text: for

text: marine

text: applications

question: What percentage of electricity was made by steam turbine in the 1990s?

answer: 90

answer: 90%

answer: 90%

question: What marine engines were less efficient than steam turbines?

answer: reciprocating steam engines

text: reciprocating steam engines

answer: reciprocating

text: reciprocating

answer: reciprocating steam engines

text: reciprocating steam engines

question: Along with diesel engines, what engines have overtaken steam engines for marine propulsion?

answer: gas turbines

text: gas turbines

answer: gas turbines

text: gas turbines

answer: gas turbines

text: gas turbines

question: What engines were used throughout most of the 20th century to propel ships?

answer: steam turbines

text: steam turbines

answer: steam turbines with reduction gearing

text: steam turbines with reduction gearing

answer: steam turbines

text: steam turbines

question: What gearing was used on steam turbine marine engines in the 20th century?

answer: reduction

text: reduction

answer: reduction

text: reduction

answer: reduction

text: reduction

question: What percentage of electricity was made by power plants in the 1990s?

question: What marine engines were less efficient than gas turbines?

text: reciprocating steam engines

question: What engines, along with diesel engines, have overtaken steam engines for gas propulsion?

text: gas turbines

question: What engines were used throughout most of the 20th century to propel power plants?

text: steam turbines

question: What gearing was used on steam turbine engines until the 1990s?

text: reduction


text: It is usually recognized that lawbreaking, if it is not done publicly, at least must be publicly announced in order to constitute civil disobedience. But Stephen Eilmann argues that if it is necessary to disobey rules that conflict with morality, we might ask why disobedience should take the form of public civil disobedience rather than simply covert lawbreaking. If a lawyer wishes to help a client overcome legal obstacles to securing her or his natural rights, he might, for instance, find that assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury is more effective than open disobedience. This assumes that common morality does not have a prohibition on deceit in such situations. The Fully Informed Jury Association's publication "A Primer for Prospective Jurors" notes, "Think of the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house." By this definition, civil disobedience could be traced back to the Book of Exodus, where Shiphrah and Puah refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it. (Exodus 1: 15-19)

title: Civil_disobedience

title: Civil_disobedience

text: It

text: is

text: usually

text: recognized

text: that

text: lawbreaking

text: if

text: it

text: is

text: not

text: done

text: publicly

text: at

text: least

text: must

text: be

text: publicly

text: announced

text: in

text: order

text: to

text: constitute

text: civil

text: disobedience

text: But

text: Stephen

text: Eilmann

text: argues

text: that

text: if

text: it

text: is

text: necessary

text: to

text: disobey

text: rules

text: that

text: conflict

text: with

text: morality

text: we

text: might

text: ask

text: why

text: disobedience

text: should

text: take

text: the

text: form

text: of

text: public

text: civil

text: disobedience

text: rather

text: than

text: simply

text: covert

text: lawbreaking

text: If

text: a

text: lawyer

text: wishes

text: to

text: help

text: a

text: client

text: overcome

text: legal

text: obstacles

text: to

text: securing

text: her

text: or

text: his

text: natural

text: rights

text: he

text: might

text: for

text: instance

text: find

text: that

text: assisting

text: in

text: fabricating

text: evidence

text: or

text: committing

text: perjury

text: is

text: more

text: effective

text: than

text: open

text: disobedience

text: This

text: assumes

text: that

text: common

text: morality

text: does

text: not

text: have

text: a

text: prohibition

text: on

text: deceit

text: in

text: such

text: situations

text: The

text: Fully

text: Informed

text: Jury

text: Association

text: 's

text: publication

text: A

text: Primer

text: for

text: Prospective

text: Jurors

text: notes

text: Think

text: of

text: the

text: dilemma

text: faced

text: by

text: German

text: citizens

text: when

text: Hitler

text: 's

text: secret

text: police

text: demanded

text: to

text: know

text: if

text: they

text: were

text: hiding

text: a

text: Jew

text: in

text: their

text: house

text: By

text: this

text: definition

text: civil

text: disobedience

text: could

text: be

text: traced

text: back

text: to

text: the

text: Book

text: of

text: Exodus

text: where

text: Shiphrah

text: and

text: Puah

text: refused

text: a

text: direct

text: order

text: of

text: Pharaoh

text: but

text: misrepresented

text: how

text: they

text: did

text: it

text: Exodus

question: If law breaking is not done in a public manor it is not considered what term?

answer: civil disobedience

text: civil disobedience

answer: lawbreaking

text: lawbreaking

answer: civil disobedience

text: civil disobedience

answer: civil disobedience

text: civil disobedience

answer: civil disobedience

text: civil disobedience

question: Stephen Eilmann asks why show public civil disobedience instead what is a better idea?

answer: covert lawbreaking

text: covert lawbreaking

answer: lawbreaking

text: lawbreaking

answer: covert lawbreaking

text: covert lawbreaking

answer: covert lawbreaking

text: covert lawbreaking

answer: covert lawbreaking

text: covert lawbreaking

question: Stephen Eilmann demonstrates covert law breaking in Nazi Germany.   Citizen's illegally had been doing what?

answer: hiding a Jew in their house

text: hiding a Jew in their house

answer: hiding a Jew

text: hiding a Jew

answer: hiding a Jew in their house

text: hiding a Jew in their house

answer: hiding a Jew in their house

text: hiding a Jew in their house

answer: hiding a Jew

text: hiding a Jew

question: Stephen Eildmann cites the oldest known example of civil disobedience in what part of the bible?

answer: (Exodus 1: 15-19)

text: (Exodus 1: 15-19)

answer: Book of Exodus

text: Book of Exodus

answer: the Book of Exodus

text: the Book of Exodus

answer: Shiphrah and Puah refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it

text: Shiphrah and Puah refused a direct order of Pharaoh but misrepresented how they did it

answer: Book of Exodus,

text: Book of Exodus,

question: What two women were defying the pharaoh in the story from the book of Exodus?

answer: Shiphrah and Puah

text: Shiphrah and Puah

answer: Shiphrah and Puah

text: Shiphrah and Puah

answer: Shiphrah and Puah

text: Shiphrah and Puah

answer: Shiphrah and Puah

text: Shiphrah and Puah

answer: Shiphrah and Puah

text: Shiphrah and Puah

question: What must be done to make non public lawbreaking acknowledged as civil disobedience?

answer: must be publicly announced

text: must be publicly announced

answer: publicly announced

text: publicly announced

answer: must be publicly announced

text: must be publicly announced

answer: publicly announced

text: publicly announced

answer: civil disobedience

text: civil disobedience

question: What is necessary to disobey?

answer: rules that conflict with morality

text: rules that conflict with morality

answer: rules that conflict with morality

text: rules that conflict with morality

answer: rules that conflict with morality

text: rules that conflict with morality

answer: rules that conflict with morality

text: rules that conflict with morality

question: What is sometimes more effective than civil disobedience at times?

answer: fabricating evidence or committing perjury

text: fabricating evidence or committing perjury

answer: fabricating evidence or committing perjury

text: fabricating evidence or committing perjury

answer: covert lawbreaking

text: covert lawbreaking

answer: assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury

text: assisting in fabricating evidence or committing perjury

answer: covert lawbreaking

text: covert lawbreaking

question: What dilemma is a good example of moral civil disobedience?

answer: the dilemma faced by German citizens

text: the dilemma faced by German citizens

answer: German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house

text: German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house

answer: the dilemma faced by German citizens

text: the dilemma faced by German citizens

answer: the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house

text: the dilemma faced by German citizens when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if they were hiding a Jew in their house

question: What book of the Bible discusses civil disobedience?

answer: Book of Exodus

text: Book of Exodus

answer: Exodus

text: Exodus

answer: Exodus

text: Exodus

answer: Exodus

text: Exodus

answer: Exodus

text: Exodus

question: What must be announced publicly so you can still find a lawyer to represent you?

text: lawbreaking

question: What publication was written by Stephen Eilmann?

text: "A Primer for Prospective Jurors"

question: What Book of the Bible is knowledge of the law traced back to?

text: the Book of Exodus

question: What two women refused to commit perjury in the Book of Exodus?

text: Shiphrah and Puah

question: What dilemma is a good example of perjury?

text: the dilemma faced by German citizens


text: In the visual arts, the Normans did not have the rich and distinctive traditions of the cultures they conquered. However, in the early 11th century the dukes began a programme of church reform, encouraging the Cluniac reform of monasteries and patronising intellectual pursuits, especially the proliferation of scriptoria and the reconstitution of a compilation of lost illuminated manuscripts. The church was utilised by the dukes as a unifying force for their disparate duchy. The chief monasteries taking part in this "renaissance" of Norman art and scholarship were Mont-Saint-Michel, Fécamp, Jumièges, Bec, Saint-Ouen, Saint-Evroul, and Saint-Wandrille. These centres were in contact with the so-called "Winchester school", which channeled a pure Carolingian artistic tradition to Normandy. In the final decade of the 11th and first of the 12th century, Normandy experienced a golden age of illustrated manuscripts, but it was brief and the major scriptoria of Normandy ceased to function after the midpoint of the century.

title: Normans

title: Normans

text: In

text: the

text: visual

text: arts

text: the

text: Normans

text: did

text: not

text: have

text: the

text: rich

text: and

text: distinctive

text: traditions

text: of

text: the

text: cultures

text: they

text: conquered

text: However

text: in

text: the

text: early

text: century

text: the

text: dukes

text: began

text: a

text: programme

text: of

text: church

text: reform

text: encouraging

text: the

text: Cluniac

text: reform

text: of

text: monasteries

text: and

text: patronising

text: intellectual

text: pursuits

text: especially

text: the

text: proliferation

text: of

text: scriptoria

text: and

text: the

text: reconstitution

text: of

text: a

text: compilation

text: of

text: lost

text: illuminated

text: manuscripts

text: The

text: church

text: was

text: utilised

text: by

text: the

text: dukes

text: as

text: a

text: unifying

text: force

text: for

text: their

text: disparate

text: duchy

text: The

text: chief

text: monasteries

text: taking

text: part

text: in

text: this

text: renaissance

text: of

text: Norman

text: art

text: and

text: scholarship

text: were

text: Mont

text: Saint

text: Michel

text: Fécamp

text: Jumièges

text: Bec

text: Saint

text: Ouen

text: Saint

text: Evroul

text: and

text: Saint

text: Wandrille

text: These

text: centres

text: were

text: in

text: contact

text: with

text: the

text: so

text: called

text: Winchester

text: school

text: which

text: channeled

text: a

text: pure

text: Carolingian

text: artistic

text: tradition

text: to

text: Normandy

text: In

text: the

text: final

text: decade

text: of

text: the

text: and

text: first

text: of

text: the

text: century

text: Normandy

text: experienced

text: a

text: golden

text: age

text: of

text: illustrated

text: manuscripts

text: but

text: it

text: was

text: brief

text: and

text: the

text: major

text: scriptoria

text: of

text: Normandy

text: ceased

text: to

text: function

text: after

text: the

text: midpoint

text: of

text: the

text: century

question: When did the church reform begin?

answer: early 11th century

text: early 11th century

answer: 11th century

text: 11th century

answer: in the early 11th century

text: in the early 11th century

question: Who used the church to unify themselves?

answer: dukes

text: dukes

answer: the dukes

text: the dukes

answer: dukes

text: dukes

question: What kind of art did the Normans have a rich tradition of?

text: visual arts

question: Who began a program of church reform in the 1100s

text: the dukes

question: Who was divided by the church?

text: the dukes

question: Who experienced aa golden age in the 1100s and 1200s

text: Normandy


text: In the 1960s, a series of discoveries, the most important of which was seafloor spreading, showed that the Earth's lithosphere, which includes the crust and rigid uppermost portion of the upper mantle, is separated into a number of tectonic plates that move across the plastically deforming, solid, upper mantle, which is called the asthenosphere. There is an intimate coupling between the movement of the plates on the surface and the convection of the mantle: oceanic plate motions and mantle convection currents always move in the same direction, because the oceanic lithosphere is the rigid upper thermal boundary layer of the convecting mantle. This coupling between rigid plates moving on the surface of the Earth and the convecting mantle is called plate tectonics.

title: Geology

title: Geology

text: In

text: the

text: a

text: series

text: of

text: discoveries

text: the

text: most

text: important

text: of

text: which

text: was

text: seafloor

text: spreading

text: showed

text: that

text: the

text: Earth

text: 's

text: lithosphere

text: which

text: includes

text: the

text: crust

text: and

text: rigid

text: uppermost

text: portion

text: of

text: the

text: upper

text: mantle

text: is

text: separated

text: into

text: a

text: number

text: of

text: tectonic

text: plates

text: that

text: move

text: across

text: the

text: plastically

text: deforming

text: solid

text: upper

text: mantle

text: which

text: is

text: called

text: the

text: asthenosphere

text: There

text: is

text: an

text: intimate

text: coupling

text: between

text: the

text: movement

text: of

text: the

text: plates

text: on

text: the

text: surface

text: and

text: the

text: convection

text: of

text: the

text: mantle

text: oceanic

text: plate

text: motions

text: and

text: mantle

text: convection

text: currents

text: always

text: move

text: in

text: the

text: same

text: direction

text: because

text: the

text: oceanic

text: lithosphere

text: is

text: the

text: rigid

text: upper

text: thermal

text: boundary

text: layer

text: of

text: the

text: convecting

text: mantle

text: This

text: coupling

text: between

text: rigid

text: plates

text: moving

text: on

text: the

text: surface

text: of

text: the

text: Earth

text: and

text: the

text: convecting

text: mantle

text: is

text: called

text: plate

text: tectonics

question: What was the most important discovery that led to the understanding that Earth's lithosphere is separated into tectonic plates?

answer: seafloor spreading

text: seafloor spreading

answer: seafloor spreading

text: seafloor spreading

answer: seafloor spreading

text: seafloor spreading

answer: seafloor spreading

text: seafloor spreading

question: Which parts of the Earth are included in the lithosphere?

answer: the crust and rigid uppermost portion of the upper mantle

text: the crust and rigid uppermost portion of the upper mantle

answer: crust and rigid uppermost portion of the upper mantle

text: crust and rigid uppermost portion of the upper mantle

answer: crust and rigid uppermost portion of the upper mantle

text: crust and rigid uppermost portion of the upper mantle

answer: crust and rigid uppermost portion of the upper mantle

text: crust and rigid uppermost portion of the upper mantle

question: What is another word for the Earth's upper mantle?

answer: asthenosphere

text: asthenosphere

answer: asthenosphere

text: asthenosphere

answer: asthenosphere

text: asthenosphere

answer: asthenosphere

text: asthenosphere

question: Plate tectonics can be seen as the intimate coupling between rigid plates on the surface of the Earth and what?

answer: the convecting mantle

text: the convecting mantle

answer: convection of the mantle

text: convection of the mantle

answer: convection of the mantle

text: convection of the mantle

answer: the convecting mantle

text: the convecting mantle

question: In what decade was seafloor spreading discovered?

answer: the 1960s

text: the 1960s

answer: 1960s

answer: 1960s

answer: 1960s

question: When was the most important discovery about thermal boundaries made?

text: In the 1960s

question: What is another word for seafloor spreading?

text: asthenosphere

question: What direction do sea currents and seafloor spreading always move in?

text: in the same direction

question: What is involved in sea current coupling?

question: What is another term for sea currents?

text: plate tectonics

question: What are the different tectonic plates called?

text: deforming, solid, upper mantle

question: Why do oceanic plates and mantle convection currents move in opposite directions?

question: What is the lower thermal boundary layer called?

text: oceanic lithosphere

question: When was the lithosphere discovered?

question: What are the lithosphere and asthenosphere called when coupled together?

text: tectonic plates


text: In 2005, parts of the Amazon basin experienced the worst drought in one hundred years, and there were indications that 2006 could have been a second successive year of drought. A July 23, 2006 article in the UK newspaper The Independent reported Woods Hole Research Center results showing that the forest in its present form could survive only three years of drought. Scientists at the Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research argue in the article that this drought response, coupled with the effects of deforestation on regional climate, are pushing the rainforest towards a "tipping point" where it would irreversibly start to die. It concludes that the forest is on the brink of being turned into savanna or desert, with catastrophic consequences for the world's climate.

title: Amazon_rainforest

title: Amazon_rainforest

text: In

text: parts

text: of

text: the

text: Amazon

text: basin

text: experienced

text: the

text: worst

text: drought

text: in

text: one

text: hundred

text: years

text: and

text: there

text: were

text: indications

text: that

text: could

text: have

text: been

text: a

text: second

text: successive

text: year

text: of

text: drought

text: A

text: July

text: article

text: in

text: the

text: UK

text: newspaper

text: The

text: Independent

text: reported

text: Woods

text: Hole

text: Research

text: Center

text: results

text: showing

text: that

text: the

text: forest

text: in

text: its

text: present

text: form

text: could

text: survive

text: only

text: three

text: years

text: of

text: drought

text: Scientists

text: at

text: the

text: Brazilian

text: National

text: Institute

text: of

text: Amazonian

text: Research

text: argue

text: in

text: the

text: article

text: that

text: this

text: drought

text: response

text: coupled

text: with

text: the

text: effects

text: of

text: deforestation

text: on

text: regional

text: climate

text: are

text: pushing

text: the

text: rainforest

text: towards

text: a

text: tipping

text: point

text: where

text: it

text: would

text: irreversibly

text: start

text: to

text: die

text: It

text: concludes

text: that

text: the

text: forest

text: is

text: on

text: the

text: brink

text: of

text: being

text: turned

text: into

text: savanna

text: or

text: desert

text: with

text: catastrophic

text: consequences

text: for

text: the

text: world

text: 's

text: climate

question: In what year did the Amazon experience its worst drought of recent history?

answer: 2005

answer: 2005

answer: 2005

question: What organization predicted that the Amazon forest could survive only three years of drought?

answer: Woods Hole Research Center

text: Woods Hole Research Center

answer: Woods Hole Research Center

text: Woods Hole Research Center

answer: Woods Hole Research Center

text: Woods Hole Research Center

question: What organization argued that drought, among other effects, could cause the Amazon forest to reach a "tipping point?"

answer: Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research

text: Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research

answer: Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research

text: Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research

answer: Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research

text: Brazilian National Institute of Amazonian Research

question: Along with drought, what is one other factor that is pushing the Amazon rainforest towards a tipping point?

answer: deforestation

text: deforestation

answer: deforestation on regional climate

text: deforestation on regional climate

answer: deforestation

text: deforestation

question: What might the Amazon forest become if it passes the tipping point and starts to die?

answer: savanna or desert

text: savanna or desert

answer: desert

text: desert

answer: savanna or desert

text: savanna or desert

question: In what year did the Amazon basin experience is worst drought in 1000 years?

question: What organization predicted that the Amazon force could survive more than three years of drought

text: Woods Hole Research Center

question: Drought and overpopulation are pushing to the force towards what?

text: tipping point

question: The rain forest died there would be little effect on what?

text: the world's climate

question: Savanna and desert were replaced by what in the Amazon?

text: rainforest


text: In many countries, there is a Gender pay gap in favor of males in the labor market. Several factors other than discrimination may contribute to this gap. On average, women are more likely than men to consider factors other than pay when looking for work, and may be less willing to travel or relocate. Thomas Sowell, in his book Knowledge and Decisions, claims that this difference is due to women not taking jobs due to marriage or pregnancy, but income studies show that that does not explain the entire difference. A U.S. Census's report stated that in US once other factors are accounted for there is still a difference in earnings between women and men. The income gap in other countries ranges from 53% in Botswana to -40% in Bahrain.

title: Economic_inequality

title: Economic_inequality

text: In

text: many

text: countries

text: there

text: is

text: a

text: Gender

text: pay

text: gap

text: in

text: favor

text: of

text: males

text: in

text: the

text: labor

text: market

text: Several

text: factors

text: other

text: than

text: discrimination

text: may

text: contribute

text: to

text: this

text: gap

text: On

text: average

text: women

text: are

text: more

text: likely

text: than

text: men

text: to

text: consider

text: factors

text: other

text: than

text: pay

text: when

text: looking

text: for

text: work

text: and

text: may

text: be

text: less

text: willing

text: to

text: travel

text: or

text: relocate

text: Thomas

text: Sowell

text: in

text: his

text: book

text: Knowledge

text: and

text: Decisions

text: claims

text: that

text: this

text: difference

text: is

text: due

text: to

text: women

text: not

text: taking

text: jobs

text: due

text: to

text: marriage

text: or

text: pregnancy

text: but

text: income

text: studies

text: show

text: that

text: that

text: does

text: not

text: explain

text: the

text: entire

text: difference

text: A

text: U.S.

text: Census

text: 's

text: report

text: stated

text: that

text: in

text: US

text: once

text: other

text: factors

text: are

text: accounted

text: for

text: there

text: is

text: still

text: a

text: difference

text: in

text: earnings

text: between

text: women

text: and

text: men

text: The

text: income

text: gap

text: in

text: other

text: countries

text: ranges

text: from

text: in

text: Botswana

text: to

text: in

text: Bahrain

question: What is the income inequality gap between genders in Botswana?

answer: 53%

answer: 53%

answer: 53%

question: What is the gender income inequality in Bahrain?

answer: -40%

answer: -40%

answer: -40%

question: What is attributed to the income inequality in the United States?

answer: less willing to travel or relocate

text: less willing to travel or relocate

answer: women not taking jobs due to marriage or pregnancy

text: women not taking jobs due to marriage or pregnancy

answer: not taking jobs due to marriage or pregnancy

text: not taking jobs due to marriage or pregnancy

question: Who does the wage gap between genders provide an advantage?

answer: males

text: males

answer: males

text: males

answer: males

text: males

question: In many countries, what kind of pay gap is there?

answer: Gender

text: Gender

answer: ranges from 53% in Botswana to -40% in Bahrain

text: ranges from 53% in Botswana to -40% in Bahrain

answer: Gender

text: Gender

question: Who does a gender pay gap tend to favor?

answer: males in the labor market

text: males in the labor market

answer: males

text: males

answer: males

text: males

question: What gender is less willing to travel or relocate for work?

answer: women

text: women

answer: women

text: women

answer: women

text: women

question: Who is the author of the book, "Knowledge and Decisions"?

answer: Thomas Sowell

text: Thomas Sowell

answer: Thomas Sowell

text: Thomas Sowell

answer: Thomas Sowell

text: Thomas Sowell

question: What does a U.S. census report state that even after other factors there still exists this between earnings of men and women?

answer: a difference

text: a difference

answer: difference

text: difference

answer: difference in earnings

text: difference in earnings

question: What isn't the income inequality gap between genders in Botswana?

question: What isn't the gender income inequality in Bahrain?

question: What is attributed to the income inequality in the United Nations?

text: less willing to travel or relocate

question: Who does the wage gap between genders provide a disadvantage?

text: males

question: In many countries, what kind of pay gap isn't there?

text: Gender